TITLE: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. / Series 1 - Volume 51 (Part II) AUTHOR: United States. War Dept., John Sheldon Moody, Calvin Duvall Cowles, Frederick Caryton Ainsworth, Robert N. Scott, Henry Martyn Lazelle, George Breckenridge Davis, Leslie J. Perry, Joseph William Kirkley PUBLISHER: Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1897 Page A Production Note Cornell University Library produced this volume to preserve the informational content of the deteriorated original. The best available copy of the original has been used to create this digital copy. It was scanned bitonally at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using ITU Group 4 compression. Conversion of this material to digital files was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Digital file copyright by Cornell University Library 1995. This volume has been scanned as part of The Making of America Project, a cooperative endeavor undertaken to preserve and enhance access to historical material from the nineteenth century. Page B c-~& ~ LL5 5t~J Fk?AGILE DOES NQJ CIRCULATE THE GIFT OF ~~.L~L2k\a~ ~~t~y~/P JI\4 ~ 0 WtATV:i Title Page Page 1 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMP~LAJION OF ~llE OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF The Hon. RUSSELL A. ALGER, Secretary of War, BY MAJ. GEORGE W. DAVIS, U. S. ARMY, MR. LESLIE J. PERRY, CIVILIAN EXPERT, MR. JOSEPH W. KIRKLEY, CIVILIAN EXPERT, Board of Publication. SERIES IVOLUME LIIN TWO PARTS. PART ILCONFEDERATE CORRESPONI)ENCE, ETC. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1897 Page 2 ~0t~44 Page 3 PART 11.VOL. LI. CONFEDERATE CORRESPONDENCE, ORDERS, AND RE TURNS RELATING TO OPERATIONS IN MARYLAND, EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA, PENNSYLVANIA, VIRGINIA (EXCEPT SOUTHWESTERN), AND WEST VIRGINIA. SUPPLEMENT EMBRACING DOCUMENTS FOUND OR RECEIVED TOO LATE FOR INSER- TION IN VOLUMES 1, 2,4,5,9,11, 12, 18, 19, 21, 25, 27, 29, 33, 36, 37, 40, 42, 43, AND 46. January 1, 1861June 30, 1865. [JANUARY 7, 1861.] General MARcus ERWIN, Raleigh, N. C.: The votes here yesterday and to-day show the Republicans solid against Crittendens propositions. Without their aid no result can be attained either in Congress or the Northern States T. L. CLINGMAN. (Same to Capt. John F. Hoke, Raleigh, N. C.) [I.] [JANUARY 7, 1861.] LEWIS E. HARVIE, President of the Richmond and Danville Railroad, Richmond, Va.: Republicans in House to-day refused to consider Etheridges com- promise, which is Crittendens considerably weakened; then by large majority indorsed Major Anderson and Presidents determination to hold forts and execute laws. M. R. II. GARNETT. R. A. PRYOR. [2.] TH. S. BOCOCK. [JANUARY 7, 1861.] LEWIS E. HARVIE, I Richmond, Va.: The last hope extinguished to-day. Even Etheridges compromise voted down by Black Republicans nearly unanimously; then Andersons coercion conduct indorsed by overwhelming majority. ROGER A. PRYOR. [2.] Page 4 4 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL J. WILCOX BROWN: [JANUARY 8, 1861.] (Care of James Hunter & (Jo., New York City.) No chance of compromise. Republicans will not yield. Will write. ROGER A. PRYOR. [2.] [JANUARY 8, 1861.] JOHN R. GARLAND, 90 Eleventh A3treet, New York: Since the defeat of Crittendens amendment and the indorsement of Buchanan, Scott, and Anderson, the South will make no further effort at compromise. Virginia will act immediately. Collision with Federal authorities will now take place at all points in slave States. Instan- taneous war fuevitable. [2.] GEG. N. SANDERS. WASHINCTON, January 9, [1861.] LEWIS E. HARVIE, Bichrnond, Va.: The order sending troops in the Star of the West to Charleston countermanded.* The Brooklyn sailed with orders to overtake and bring them to Fort Monroe. [2.] J. M. MASON. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Raleigh, January 11, 1861. Col. JOHN L. CANTWELL, Commanding Thirtieth Regiment North Carolina Militia: SIR: Hearing this morning of the extreme illness of General Cowan, I herewith transmit to you a military order which was prepared on yes- terday for him. I have been informed unofficially that Capt. S. D. Thruston, of the Smithville Guards, has, with his company, taken pos- session of Fort Caswell and now holds the same. My informants at the same time assured me that Captain Thruston is a gallant officer, and was actuated by patriotic motives as a citizen of North Carolina in the movement referred to. This I doubt not is true; yet, in view of the relations existing between the General Government and the State of North Carolina, there is no authority of law under existing circum- stances for the occupation of U. S. forts situated in this State. I can- not therefore sustain the action of Captain Thruston, however patriotic his motives may have been, and am compelled by an imperative sense of duty to order that Fort Caswell be restored to the possession of the authorities of the United States. You will proceed to Smithville on receipt of this communication, and communicate orders to Captain Thruston to witlmdraw his troops from Fort Caswell. You will also investigate and report the facts of the transaction to this department. By order of John W. Ellis, captain-general and commander-in-chief of North Carolina militia: GRAHAM DAYES, [1.] Private Secretary and Acting Adjutant- General. ~Seo Vol. I, p.134 Page 5 CHAP. LXIII.] C0Iflu3~SPONbENcE, ETC.CONFEDERATt~. 5 IIDQRS. THIRTIETH REGT. NORTH CARoLINA MILITIA, Wilmington, N. C., January 12, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS, Governor and Commander-in-Chief, Raleigh, N. C.: SIR: Yours of 11th instant, directing me to proceed to Smithyille, has just come to hand. In obedience thereto I shall leave for Fort Caswell this a. m. Have detailed R. E. and William Calder as my staff for this duty. Respectfully, J. L. CANTWELL, [1.] Colonel, Commanding. HDQRS. THIRTIETH REGT. NORTH CAROLINA MILITIA, Maj. ~. ~. HEDRICK, Wilmington, N. C., January 12, 1861. Commanding at Fort Casweil: SIR: In obedience to the order of His Excellency John W. Ellis, Governor, captain-general, and commander-in-chief of the militia of this State, a copy of which I herewith transmit, * it becomes my duty to direct that you withdraw the troops under your command from Fort Caswell, and restore the same to the custody of the officer of the United States whom you found in charge. Respectfully, J. L. CAINTWELL, [1.] Colonel, North Carolina Militia. WASHINGTON CITY, January 12, [1861.] JOHN SPELMAN, Raleigh, N. C.: Seward willing to accept Rices proposition for Territories. Fugitive slave law to be enforced and unconstitutional personal liberty laws repealed. Invasion of States to be punished by law. Constitutional guarantee for slavery in States. Evidently disposed to settle, but propo- sitiou not satisfactory to South. Thinks war iuevitable from disso- lution. L. OB. BRANCH. (Copy to W. W. iolden, Raleigh, N. C.) [1.] WASHINGTON, Ja~~nary 12, [18G1]5 p. m. R. R. BRIDGERS, Raleigh, N. C.: Manner conciliatory. Conceded more thai) ever before, but not enough. War the result of secession. [1.] T. BRAGG. WASHINGTON, January 13, 1861. LEWIS E. HARVIE, Richmond, Va.: Let none be deceived by reports of Sewards speech yesterday. It was fraudulent and tricky under cloak of seeming mildness, and no offer of concession worth consideration. [2.] J. M. MASON. * See p. 4 Page 6 6 ~MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. Lxiii. FoRT CASWELL, January 13, 1861. Col. JOHN L. CANTWELL: Sin: Your communication, with copy of the order of Governor John W. Ellis, captain-general and commander-in-chief of North Carolina, demanding the surrender of this post, has been received. In reply, I have to inform you that we as North Carolinians will obey his command. This post will be evacuated to-morrow at 9 a. m. Respectfully, & c., JOHN J. HEDRICK, [1.] Major and Commandant. JANUARY 15, 1861. Governor JOHN W. ELLIS, Captain- General and Commander4n- Chief Raleigh, N. C.: Sin: Herewith please find copy of order issued in conformity to instructions of the 11th instant, as also the reply of Maj. J. J. Hedrick to the same.* From the information I have been able to obtain it appears that Fort Caswell was occupied by citizens of this State in consequence of a report that Federal troops had been ordered to that point. It appears also that the U. S. sergeant in charge remained in the post and that he was under no restraint. Captain Thruston desires me to state that his company (the Smithville Guards) did not as a com- pany occupy the fort, but that members of said company did as citizens accompany him. Sergeant Dardingkiller says that he has received good treatment, has not been subject to any restraint, and that none of the Government property in or about the fort has been injured or destroyed. These I believe are the facts of the case. Respectfully, & c., J. L. CANT WELL, [1.] Colonel, Commanding Thirtieth Korth Carolina Militia. [WASHINGTON, B. C., January 16, 1861.] Hon. F. W. PICKENS, Governor of South C~arolina, Charleston, S. C.: Hayne is hereat Willards Hotel. He saw and conversed with the President yesterday. Kindly received, but nothing definite. Virginia, I think, will go out by 20th of February. [1.] J. M. MASON. WASHINGTON, January 16, 1861. LEWIS E. HARYlE, Richmond, Va.: In Senate to-day all Crittendens resolutions stricken out and sub- stitute adopted refusing any amendment to Constitution. Substitute sent by mail to Carson in the Senate. [2.] J. M. MASON. See p. 5; also, the next, ante Page 7 CHAP LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 7 [WASHINGTON, ID. C., January 16, 1861.] LEWIS E. HARVIE, President of Richmond and Danville Railroad Company: Bill passed House to-day requiring District of Columbia Militia to swear allegiance to United States, to serve them against all enemies or opposers whomsoever, and to obey the orders of the President. Vote nearly sectional; no Virginian in affirmative. M. H. II. GARNETT. [2.] [JANUARY 16,] 1861. E. G. BOOTH, Esq., Exchange Hotel: See Pryor and iRidgeway. What prospect l We are eager to hear. [2.] A. ID. BANKS. WASHINGTON, January 17, 1860 [1861]. Governor ELLIS, Raleigh, N. C.: Mordecai not here. Have written to him and to you by mail. Dif- ferences in the Cabinet as to coercion. [1.] WARREN WINSLOW WASHINGTON, January 17, 1861. M. W. RANSOM, Raleigh, N. C.: Nothing new to-day. Pacific railroad up all day. Clarks substitute for Crittendens resolutions adopted by Republicans yesterdaysix Southern men on floor withholding votes. Cameron moved reconsid- eration. Crittendens resolutions may pass Senate; probably not the House. Government will not attempt to retake forts; want peace; will avoid collision, but defend Sumter and Pickens if attacked. Holt nominated Secretary of War to-day. Will be confirmed. His friends say is opposed to coercion. No excitement here. [1.1 THOS. BRAGG. [WASHINGTON, ID. C.,] January 22, 1861. JESSE J. YEATES, Esq., Raleigh, N. C.: We will pass in substance Mr. Crittendens plan. Give no ear to alarms. [1.] JOHN A. GILMER. WASHINGTON, January 25, 1861. JAMES L. ORR, WILLIAM F. PETERSON, J. H. WILLIAMS, Wheeling, Va.: I will serve in convention if I am nominated by the Union men of Ohio County in mass meeting or county convention. [2.] SHERARD CLEMENS Page 8 8 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII MONTGOMERY, February 27, 1861. The PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Being animated by an earnest desire to unite and bind together our respective countries by friendly ties, I have appointed M. J. Crawford, one of our most settled arid trustworthy citizens, as special commis- sioner of the Confederate States of America to the Government of the United States; and I have now the honor to introduce him to you, and to ask for him a reception and treatment corresponding to his statioii and to the purpose for which lie is sent. Those purposes he will more particularly explain to you. Hoping that through his agency, & c. [sic.] [1.1 JEFFN DAVIS. For the purpose of establishing friendly relations between the Con. federate States and the Uiiited States, and reposing special trust, & c., Martin J. Crawford, John Forsyth, and A. B. Homan are appointed special commissioners of the Confederate States to the United States. I have invested them with full and all manner of power and authority for and in the name of the Confederate States to meet and confer with any person or persons duly authorized by the Government of the United States being furnished with like powers and authority, and with them to agree, treat, consult, and negotiate of and concerning all matters and subjects interesting to both nations, and to conclude and sign a treaty or treaties, coiivention or conventions, touching the prem- ises, transmitting the same to the President of the Confederate States for his final ratification by and with the consent of the Congress of the Confederate States. Given under my hand at the city of Montgomery this 27th day of February, A. D. 1861, and of the Independence of the Confederate States the eighty-fifth. JEFFN DAVIS. ROBEItT TOOMBS, [1.] Secretary of State. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Montgomery, March 22, 1861. L. Q. WASHINGTON, Esq., Washington, D. C.: SIR: The Secretary of War instructs me to reply specially to your letter of the 15th instant, and to signify to you that it is the earnest desire of the Government, if possible, to arrange for the incorporation of the National Volunteers, whom you represent, into the Army of the Confederate States. I am instructed at the same time to state to you that there are some difficulties in the way, and it may be that they may prove insuperable. In any event, however, you will be promptly advised of th~ determination of this Government. Respectfully, your obedient servant, J. J. HOOPER, Private Secretary. RICHMOND CITY, March 25, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: DEAR SIR: I arrived in this city on the 23d, and find parties still in an unformed state. It is certain that thQ secession opinion has grow Page 9 CRAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 9 greatly in the convention and out of it since the convention convened. I am sanguine that my presence here, coupled with my strong testi- mony in favor of the stability of the new power, will be productive of good results; but upon that point I am not yet prepared to speak with sufficient fullness. Soon I shall be able to write to Mr. Toombs what I hope will be satisfactory intelligence. I have intimated that I have come to recruit for the Confederate Army, and the intimation has been most favorably received. Would it comport with your views to send me an order to recruit in the border slave States generally or in Vir- ginia especially? It would afford a cover and explanation of my visit to Richmond and would be crowned with success, for I hear that there is a good deal of loose material here which might be gathered into our army. If this suggestion meets your approval and you determine to authorize me to enlist recruits, it will be necessary to furnish me with the requisite instructions and means for my guidance and use. I will repeat, in conclusion, that I am most sanguine of being able soon to communicate to your Government satisfactory intelligence. I have the honor to be, your most obedient servant, JOHN SCOTT. [2.] WASHINGTON, D. C., March 28, 18G1. Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR FOR THE CONFEDERATE STATES: SIR: The undersigned had the honor to make application through the Hon. L. T. Wigfall for the enrollment into the army of the Confederate States of America of the National Volunteers of this city. The under- signed has been led to believe that Your Excellency would be glad to enroll the said company, but for certain objectiolls which might not be insuperable, and he has therefore taken the liberty to call your atten- tion to the application once more. This organization is not composed solely of citizens of this District, but has within its numbers many citi- zens of the Confederate States bound fast here by poverty and other inabilities. Its members are denounced as traitors, are the constant objects of the espionage of the nidlitary authorities here, and many of them have been discharged from employment, all because they have lifted their voices in behalf of Southern rights. Yet they have perse- vered in their organization and endeavored to perfect themselves in drill and discipline, that they might effectually aid the pause they love with something more than words. If it would secure their acceptance they would leave the captaincy of the corps vacant, to be filled by the Government of the Confederate States of America. They will also agree to raise 100 men here, all of the best material, and will give such guarantees as to the character and ability of the officers as shall be entirely satisfactory. Or should these terms still be unacceptable, will you be kind enough to state if there are any terms upon which we might be accepted? Should our demands for service in the Southern Confed- eracy seem importunate, I hope you will see in the trouble we may have given only an ardent desire to serve our native South, and should we be ultimately accepted we will endeavor to do good service. With respect, your obedient servant, C. K. SHERMAN, Of Florida, Fir.~t Lieutenant National Volunteers Page 10 10 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., 0. K. SHERMAN, Esq., Montgomery, April 4, 1861. Washington, D. C.: SIR: I am instructed by the Secretary of War to reply to your letter of the 28th ultirno, and to say that on application to Mr. L. Q. Wash- ington you will find that gentleman advised in regard to the views of this Government on the subject to which your letter relates. The Sec- retary of War fnrther instructs me to add that he believes the day not to be distant when this Government will be able to gratify the wishes of the gentlemen whom you represeut. Respectfully, your obedient servant, J. J. lOOPER, [2.] Private Secretary. WEDNESDAY, April 10, 18G1.* * * * * * * * To supply vacancies, the Governor appointed and commissioned the following generals, to wit: As major-generals, Oden G. Clay for the First Division, Asa Rogers for the Second Division, Thomas S. Hay- mond for the Third Division, and Kenton Harper for the Fifth Division. As brigadier-generals, George Blow, jr., for the Ninth Brigade, James L. Kemper for the First Brigade, William B. Shands for the Eighth Brigade, William C. Scott for the Fourth Brigade, William H. ilarman for the Thirteenth Brigade, Currence B. Conrad for the Twentieth Brigade, Robert L. Wright for the Sixth Brigade, Clayton G. Coleman for the Third Brigade, Jubal A. Early for the Twelfth Brigade, Reese T. Bowen for the Twenty.eighth Brigade, and Thomas P. August for the Second Brigade. * * * * * * * JOHN LETCHER. [2.] CHAI?LESTON, April 15, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: Copy of a telegraphic dispatch received at Charleston April 14,1861, at 10.30 p. in.: WILMINGTON, N. C., April 14, 1861. his Excellency Governor PIcKENs: Sin: If we take Fort Caswell to-morrow can you aid us with gun carriages and munitions of war? We have only two 24-pounders mounted. Please reply to this immediately, as we have no time to lose. JAMES F. McREE, Jn. Governor Pickens reply by telegraph: JAMES F. MOREE, Jr., CHARLESTON, April 15, 1801. Wilmington, N. C.: Your telegram received. We will do all we caii to aid you, but want to know what is wanted. Get an agent sent here by authority, with a statement of what is wanted. F. W. PICKENS, [1.] Governor. From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 11 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 11 CHARLESTON, April 15, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America, Montgomery, Ala.: Copy telegram received at Charleston April 15, 1861, 1.30 p.m.: GOLDSBOROUGU, April 15, 1861. His Excellency Governor PIcIcxNs: HONORED SIR: To-day at 3.30 oclock a ~olnnteer corps under my command took possession of Fort Macon, and the flag of the Southern Confederacy now floats over it. Knowing that this intelligence will be welcome news to you, and hearing from my friend D. K. McRae that you had proffered in the way of guns of large caliber, and being much in need of them, such aid would be most acceptable. We find but four guns mounted and bat thirteen lying at the wharf, 32-pounders, making seven- teen in all. The fort mounts seventy-odd. We intend that North Carolina shall occupy a tine instead of false position, though it be done by revolution. With consideration of the highest esteem, yours, & c., J. S. PENDER, Commandant of Fort Macon. Refer to CoT. F. J. Moses. Please telegraph back if I can send assistance. I think I can and ought to spare a few pieces of cannon. F. W. PICKENS. [1.] RICHMOND, VA., April 15, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: Mr. Randolph tells me the President informs the Virginia commis- sioners that the attack on Fort Sumter leaves him at liberty to repos. sess himself of the Southern forts that he will suspend the mails and means to collect the revenue. Much excitement. The Confederate flag flying all over Richmond. EDWARD C. ANDERSON [2.] WASHINGTON CITY, April 15, 18G1~ His Excellency Governor ELLIS, Raleigh, N. C.: The city is in a state of the wildest excitement. To-day President by his proclamation calls on the States for 75,000 troops, details to be fixed by War Department, to suppress the combinations in the seceding States and repossess the forts. Congress is convened to meet on 4th of July. It is said this city is to be placed immediately under martial law by proclamation. U. S. troops continually coming here. The Vir- ginia commissioners have gone, and are hopeless as to any adjustment. They will recommend the immediate secession of that State. It is said that the Confederate Congress will reassemble and war declared forthwith. [1.] JNO. H. WHEELER. APRIL 15, 1861. D. G. DUNCAN, Montgomery: Virginia in a blaze of excited indignation against Lincolns proc- lamation. Ordinance secession be passed sure. Old North Carolina aroused. [1.] PRITCHARD Page 12 12 MD., E. N. C., PA,, VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. GOLDSBOROUGH, April 15, 1861. Col. JoHN L. CANTwELL: I have received the following: Hon. S. J. PERSONS: Communicate orders to military of Wilmington to take Forts Caswell and Johnston without delay, and hold them until further orders against all corners. J. W. ELLIS. I will be down at 7 oclock and issue in his name necessary orders. Notify the captains. Answer. SAML. J. PERSONS. [1.] HDQRS. THIRTIETH REc~T. NORTH CAROLINA MILITIA, Wilmington, N. C., April 15, 1861. The officers in command of the Wilmington Light Infantry, German Volunteers, and Wilmington Rifle Guards are hereby ordered to notify their respective commands to assemble in front of the Carolina Hotel at oclock, fully armed and equipped, this afternoon. By order of Col. John L. Cantwell: JAS. D. RADCLIFFE, [1.] Adjutant. RALI~I~H, April 15, 1861. JAMES FULTON: (Received Wilmington, 1.20 oclock.) Tell the troops to wait further orders~ hold at shortest notice. , themselves ready to move JOHN W. ELLIS. [L] GOLDSBOROUGH, April 16, 1861. (Received Wilmington, 8.15 oclock.) Col. JOHN L. CANTWELL: The following order in writing is delivered you under the instructions of the Governor: Sin: You will proceed at once, with such of the troops under your command as you may deem requisite for the purpose, to Forts Caswell and Johnston, and take posses- sion of the same in the name of the State of North Carolina. This measure being one of precaution merely, you will observe strictly a peaceful policy and act only on the defensive. JNO. W. ELLIS, Gorernor and Commander. By His Excellency~s command: EDWARD CANTWELL, [1.1 Acting Adjutant- General. President DAVIS, FAYETTEVILLE, N. C., April 16, 1861. ][fontgomery, Ala.: Mv DEAR SIR: Major Holmes leaves here to-morrow for Montgomery, and will have some conversation with you that I desired. Major Ander- son, the military officer in command of the guard at the North Carolin Page 13 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 13 Arsenal, has to-day resigned. We are only waiting a letter from the Governor to occupy the arsenal. Fort Caswell was taken yesterday. Major Holmes says the guns there are not mounted, and it is absolutely necessary that an engineer officer should be there. It occurred to me that if you had such a person to spare he would be heartily wel- come to the people of Wilmington. I wrote to the Governor to-day, informing him I would write to you, and suggested that he would telegraph you to the same effect. I have no doubt lie will approve ot the course I have taken. I avail myself of this opportunity to con- gratulate yourself and the South upon your election. Permit me to add, I know no other hands in which the honor and interests of the South could have been better confided. With the heartiest wishes for your welfare, personal and political, I am, very truly and respectfully, WAIIIIEN WINSLOW. [1.1 MORRIS JSLANn, April 16, 18612 p. m. [Brig. Gen. G. T. BEAUREcfARD:] M~ DEAR GENERAL: I have just examined Sumter aptopos of the visit of the North Carolina commissioners. I find the following facts: We can without detriment let them have three 8-inch columbiad guns and carriages complete, the guns now lying ou the parade, the carriages made up from disabled guns on the rampart bearing toward the city; also two 8-inch sea-coast howitzers and carriages. We cannot from the rubbish move any 24-pounders at all for the present. It is better to take the above from Sumter, and these, with the enfilade battery, will supply their wants. I have given directions to Captain Hallonquist, who goes to work immediately. I assure you these guns can be spared without any harm to us. In view of the importance of the matter to the Confederacy and the much greater ease with which they can be supplied from Sumter and Sullivans Islainld than from Morris, I suggest the following assignments: To Caswell, two 8-inch columbiads and two sea-coast howitzers from Sumter; to Macon, one 8-inch columbiad and two 32-pounders from the enfilade; to New Inlet, near Caswell, two 24-pounders from the enfilade on Sullivan. Very respectfully, WM. H. C. WHITING, [1.] Acting Inspector- General. CHARLESTON, S. C., April 16, 1861. [Brig. Gen. G. T. BEAUREC-ARD:] GENERAL: The North Carolina commissioner, McIRae, does not want anything but a columbiad gun, with its carriage, and two 32-pounders. This is contrary to my advice, which I have earnestly pressed. Mr. McIRae, however, insists that only a columbiad can defend Fort Macon. if you approve, I am willing to let them have ~ gnu without the pintle, which is essential here. I will supply its place by one of the ironbattery guns. He will then have two 32-pounders and one 8inch for Macon and two 8-inch sea-coast howitzers for Caswell, together with two 24-pounders from the enfilade and two 24-pounders from Sumter. Very respectfully, WM. H. C. WHITING, [1.] Acting Inspector. General Page 14 14 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. 1RALEIc~H, April 17, 18G1. Hon. JEFFERSON DAVIS: I am in possession of forts, a.rs~na1s, & c. (Dome as soon as yon choose. We are ready to join you to a man. Strike the blow quickly and Washington will be ours. Answer. JOHN W. ELLIS, [1.] Governor of North Carolina. HEADQUARTERS PROVISIONAL FORCES, (15. 5. ARMY, Charle8ton, ~. C., April 17, 18G1. His Excellency Governor PICKENS: GOVERNOR: Finding that the guns proposed yesterday.viz, two 8-inch sea-coast liowitzers, two 32-pounders, seven 24-pounders, to be sent to North Carolinacannot be so readily procured and would not serve the purpose so well as the followingviz: For Fort Caswell, two 8-inch sea-coast howitzers, two 8-inch columbiads; for Fort Macon, one 8-inch cohimbiad, two 32-pounders; for New Inlet near Fort Caswell, two 24-poundersI am desirous of sending these latter in place of the first, if you approve. I am, Governor, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD, [1.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RICHMOND, VA., A 17, iSGi. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, Pre8ident of the Confederate & ates of America: I came here last night. You may rely now that Virginia will secede, and promptly. Vessels sunk last night in the harbor at Norfolk to cut oft the navy-yard, and troops ordered there to sustain the movement. Harpers Ferry Arsenal to be seized at once. You shall hear as things advance. If you have anything to reply, telegraph to me here. J. M. MASON. [2.] WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Montgomery, April 18, 18~1. Capt. J. LYLE CLARKE, Baltimore, Md.: SIR: Your letter of the 13th iustant* was received yesterdaybythe Sec- retary of War, who instructs me to make known to you that the Govern- ment of the Confederate States regards your patriotic effort as among the most agreeable and important evidences of true Southern feeling in the State of Maryland, and to say to you further that the Department, though fully assured of the sufficiency of the courage, resources, and general ability of our people and their Government to meet all emergencies, will not disguise the fact that it is disinclined to forego the pleasure of hav- ing associated with the forces of the Confederate States such gallant spirits as it is evident are yet to be found in your State in the great work of re-establishing free institutions on this continent; and among the very * Not foun Page 15 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 15 numerous offers of aid which havc cheeringly come to us from States for- eign to us only by a temporary, though most unnatural, political con- nection with our enemies, none, II am directed to say, has more favorably or pleasantly impressed the Secretary of War than that which is so assuringly conveyed in your letter. He can, however, but express the hope that such friends of this Confederacy as yourself in Maryland will continue to hold yourselves in readiness for the promptest movement, for although the moment has not yet arrived for accepting military assist- ance from the slave States not of this Confederacy, it is so fully and unmistakably presaged by the swift current of events as to make impera- tive the most unflagging watchfulness and the amplest preparation on the part of all who expect to make our destiny theirs. These sugges- tions the Secretary is confident will be closely regarded by your asso- ciates and yourself and he supposes that you will from time to time make them known to the trustiest of our friends in your city and State. Referring to the details of the legislation under which the services of your company (and of all others under similar conditions) will, when the necessity shall arise, be received into the service of the Confederate States, I am directed to state First. That volunteer companies will be mustered in for a term of serv- ice of twelve months unless sooner discharged. Second. Said volunteers shall furnish their own clothes, and, if mounted men, their own horses and horse equipments; and when mus- tered into service shall be armed by the States from which they come or by the Confederate States of America. Third. Said volunteers so offering their services may be accepted by the President in companies, battalions, and regiments, whose officers shall be appointed in the manner prescribed by law in the several States to which they shall respectively belong; but when inspected, mustered, and received into the service of the Confederate States said troops shall be regarded in all respects as a part of the Army of said Confederate States according to the terms of their respective enlistments. Fourth. Said volunteers shall be subject to the Rules and Articles of War, and, instead of clothing, every non-commissioned officer and l)ri- vate in any company shall be entitled, when called into actual service, to money in a sum equal to the cost of clothing of a non-commissioned officer or private in the Regular Army of the Confederate States of America. Fifth. Mounted men are allowed by the act quoted 40 cents per day for the use and risk of their horses, and for horses killed in action com- pensation according to their appraised value at the date of muster into the service. In addition to the foregoing, I am instructed to say that the expenses of transportation and subsistence of volunteer troops are paid by this Government from the date of muster into the service. The Secretary directs me to assure your associates and yourself of his high esteem and consideration. Respectfully, your obedient servant, J. J. iJOOPER, [2.1 Pri rate AS~ecretary. CHARLESTON, April 18, 1861. President DAVIS: Governor of North Carolina has telegraphed me for every material of war, and is very urgent. Sent him eleven heavy cannon and stoppe Page 16 16 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXHL 25,000 pounds of my powder in Wilmington, but cannot risk any more. Telegraph from Wise and Letcher for 2,000 troops to be sent immedi- ately to Norfolk. Decline for the present, because I think it might appear intrusive and your call for 5,000 this morning prevents; besides, we stand at present on the defensive, and try first to make our own Qonfederate Government strong. Shall I send any to Norfolk ~ If the fleet does not return, can spare them if you do not call also for the 8,000 ordered to be ready. Let me hear by telegraph. [1.] F. W. PICKENS. MONTGOMERY, April 18, 1861. Governor LETCHER, Richmond, Va.: Governor Pickens has commnnicated your dispatch, but your wants not understood. You shall have whatever aid we can give on the shortest notice. I wait for answer. [2.] JEFFN DAVIS. RICHMOND, VA., April 18, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS: Our object is to now secure the navy-yard at Gosport. The Merrimac, Cumberland, Pennsylvania, and perhaps other vessels are now there. The channel has been partially obstructed, and I have placed Major- General Taliaferro in command. He left here this evening. It will require perhaps 5,000 men to take the place. We shall do our best to secure it. [2.] JOHN LETCHEIR. MONTGOMERY, April 19, 1861. Governor JOSEPH E. BROWN, ]Jiilledgeville, Ga.: Goveruor Letcher, of Virginia, telegraphs for troops. Two thousand have been ordered from South Carolina, and I ask you to send two or three companies from Georgia. They must proceed to Norfolk and report to General Taliaferro. Unless they go at once they will be too late. Can you send them without delay l [2.] L. P. WALKER. MILLEDGEVILLE, GA., April 19, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: Will do all in my power to get the companies for Virginia. Will it do if they start by Monday nightl Answer quick. [2.] JOSEPH E. BROWN. MONTGOMERY, April 19, 1861. JOSEPH E. BROWN, Milledgerille: Monday will not do; they are needed now. The navy-yard at Nor- folk is to be taken, and unless they move at once it will be too late. Answer. [2.] L. P. WALKER Page 17 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 17 MONTGOMERY April 19, 1861. Governor JOSEPH E. BRowN, ]Jifilledgeville: Sunday will be too late. Let them certainly get off to-morrow. Special reasons which cannot be assigned in dispatch. Transportation will of course be provided from point of departure. Answer. L. P. WALKER [2.] RALEIGH, K. C., April 19, 1861. President JEFFERSON DAVIS: I am greatly in need of an engineer and artillery officers. Send them to me immediately at Raleigh. Great enthusiasm. J. W. ELLIS. [1.] APRIL 19, 1861. Governor J. W. ELLIS, Raleigh, N. C.: Have or(lered a distinguished engineer and two artillery officers to report to you. JEFFN DAVIS. [1.] HEADQUARTERS STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, April 19, 1861. [Brig. Gen. G. T. BEAUREGARD:] M~ DEAR GENERAL: I inclose you the within and I desire prompt action. I therefore suggest Colonel Greggs regiment and Colonel Pet- tigrews. I desire to offer them the honor and to allow them to go or not on this special service. They deserve the honor. If you approve of it, let my aide, the bearer of this, transmit immediately to Colonel Gregg and Colonel Pettigrew the inclosed offer to those regiments, and if they accept please order them to report immediately in the city for instant departure to Korfolk. Colonel Pettigrews regiment is relieved to-day by Colonel Jenkins regiment, stationed on Sullivans Island, with 1,150 mena fine regiment; so there is no difficulty there. In great haste, yours, truly, F. W. PICKEKS. [2.] APRIL 19, 1861. Governor JOHN LETCHER, Richmond, Va.: Dispatch received. Have ordered one regiment from Columbia, S. C., and one from Charleston, and two or three companies from Augusta, Ga.., something more than your requisition, to proceed immediately to Norfolk. JEFFN DAVIS. [2.] 2 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 18 18 MD., E. N. c., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. ICHAP. LXIII. APRIL 19, 1861. Governor JOHN LETOITER, Richmond, Va.: Resolution for alliance received. Proposition cordially accepted. Conmissioner will be sent by next train. JEFFN DAVIS. [2.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Montgomery, April 19, 1861. Hon. ALEXANDER II. STEPHENS, Vice-President of the Confederate States of America, & c.: SIR: I have the honor to inform you that you have been appointed by the Presid~nt special commissioner of the Confederate States to the Government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Herewith you will find the ordinary letters of credence and introduction. The Governor of Virginia having communicated to the President a copy of a resolution adopted by the convention of Virginia, instructing the former to acquaint the President with the fact that the convention had reas- sumed the powers delegated by Virginia to the Federal Government, and that it was the earnest desire of that State to enter into an alliance, offensive and defensive, with the Confederate States, it is the chief object of your mission to convey to the Governor and people of Virginia the hearty congratulations of this Government on her separation from the Federal Union; of the anxious desire of the President and the people of the Confederate States to establish the closest and most friendly relations with the State of Virginia, and to conclude an alli- ance, offensive and defensive, between that Commonwealth and the Confederate States on terms mutually advantageous to both the con- tracting parties, and looking to their long union under a common gov- ernuient. Tn view of the invasion with which the Confederate States are threatened by the Government at Washington, and of the para- mount duty of the President to use all the powers vested in him for the protection of the rights and liberties of the people of the Confed- erate States, it is indispensable that the control and direction of all offensive military movements should be vested exclusively in the Presi- dent. Therefore, in your negotiation of the proposed alliance, you will regard it as an essential condition that explicit provision be made con- ferring this power on the President. I am, sir, very respectfully, yours, H. TOOMBS, Secretary of State. [Inclosure No. 1.] Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America, to all whom these presents shall concern, greeting: Know ye, that for the purpose of establishing friendly relations between the Confederate States of America and the Commonwealth of Virginia, and reposing special trust and confidence in the integrity, prudence, and ability of Alexander H. Stephens, Vice-President of the Confederate States of America, appointed special commissioner of the Confederate States to the Commonwealth of Virginia, I have invested him with full and all manner of power and authority, for and in the name of the Confederate States, to meet and confer with any person or persons authorized by the Government of Virginia, being furnishe Page 19 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. ~19 with like power and authority, and with him or them to agree, treat, consult, and negotiate of and concerning all matters and subjects inter- esting to both Republics; and to conclude and sign a treaty or treaties, convention or conventions, touching the premises, transmitting the same to the President of the Confederate States for his final ratification, by and with the advice and consent of the Congress of the Confederate States. In testimony whereof I have caused the seal of the Confederate States to be hereunto affixed. Given under my hand at the city of Montgomery this 19th day of April, A. ID. 1861. JEFFK DAVIS. By the President: ROBERT TOOMBS, Secretary of State. [Inclosure No. 2.] MONTGOMERY, April 19, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of the State of Virginia, & c.: SIR: In response to your communication conveying to me,in behalf of the State of Virginia, the expression of the earnest desire of the Commonwealth to enter into an alliance, offensive and defensive, with the Confederate States, and being animated by a sincere wish to unite and bind together our respective countries by friendly ties, I have appointed Alexander II. Stephens, Vice-President of the Confederate States, as special commissioner of the Confederate States to the Gov- ernment of Virginia; and I have now the honor to introduce him to you, and to ask for him a reception and treatment corresponding to his station and to the purposes for which he is sent. Those purposes he will more particularly explain to you. Hoping that through his agency these may be accomplished, I avail myself of this occasion to offer to you the assurances of my distinguished consideration. [2.] JEFFN DAVIS. FRIDAY, April 19, 18G1.* The citizens of Richmond took possession of the building of the late United States Government used for the custom-house, post-office, Fed- eral court, & c., and information having been given to the Governor thereof, he ordered a portion of the public guard to take charge of the same, and the sub-treasurer of the United States was directed to keep a strict account of the money on hand, to be hereafter accounted for. * * * * * * The Governor issued to General Taliaferro the following order by telegraph: As we need powder, keep an eye to securing that article. * * * * * * * [2.] JOHN LETCHER. HARPERS FERRY, April 20, 1861. [Hon. JOHN LETCHER, GovernOr of Virginia:] MY DEAR SIR: I learn here that you have ordered the machinery of the armory at this place to be removed up the valley. I presume 5From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 20 20 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL this order has been issued under the impression that military necessity requires it. Would it not be well to suspend for a short time the exe- cution of the order, for the following among many other reasons: Har- pers Ferry is a place which must be permanently occupied by a military force during the present war. The machinery is immense and very valuable, much of which cannot be removed without total loss, or at all events unfit for future use. The armory is now in condition for actual operation, and could in a short time turn out many thousand stand of arms. The machinery if removed could not be put in oper. ation and prepare guns in a year or two, as I am informed by the officers of the establishment. Operatives in all its departments are here ready to work, and thus furnish arms for the troops of the State, which we very much need in this quarter. Maryland resisting the Federal authority removes in a great measure the reason on which your order was based. If she does not, the rifle works here are far up the Shenandoah, and would be protected from a battery on the Maryland shore by high intervening hills. There are a great many unfinished guns here which could be ready for use iu a short time if operations be not suspended. As for some ebullition of temper on the part of the operatives here, Your Excellency should not regard it. The workmen here will be as loyal to Virginia as they have ever been to the United States. The master armo- rer says that within three weeks (so Mr. Kitzmniller, military secretary to General Carson, informs me), with the present force, lie can furnish fifty guns a day with appendages ready for firing. It is supposed that the cost of taking down, transporting, and re-erecting will be immense. Writing in a crowd, and with but few minutes before Mr. Barbour leaves, I furnish a rather confused statement of reasons against the removal of the machinery, at least for the present, but thus calling your attention to the subject, I remain, yours, truly, THOS. M. JISBELL. [2.] MILLEDGEVILLE, GA., April 20, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: The City Light Guards, Columbus, Captain Colquitt; Floyd Rifles, Macon, Captain ilardeman; Macon Volunteers, Captain Smith, and Spalding Greys, at Griffin, Captain Doyal, all ready to start to-night. Please telegraph orders to each. All excellent companies, well drilled. Glad we have agreed about the enlisted Georgia regiment. You can take charge of it at once. Will direct Colonel Williams to order in recruiting officers from stations with balance of recruits immediately. Please reply to letter by mail. [2.] JOSEPH E. BROWN. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Montgomery, April 20, 1861. D. G. DUNCAN, Esq.: SIR: Under the verbal instructions of this Department you will pro. ceed without delay to Washington, and make such arrangements with the telegraph office either there or in Alexandria as will enable you to keep the Department fully advised of all that transpires. Great pm. deuce and circumspection will be necessary both in the selection of your agents and in your entire course generally. Very respectfully, [2.1 L. P. WALKER Page 21 21 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. SATURDAY, April 20, and SUNDAY, April 2L 1861.* * * * * * * * The Governor issued the following order to J. W. Garrett, the presi- dent of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company: In the event that you allow Federal troops to be passed over your road, I will take possession of so much of said road as lies within the limits of this State. It is due to the South that your road, located within slave territory, shall not3 be used to the prejudice of the slave-holding States, and especially the State of Virginia. * * * * * * * By order of the Governor, General Philip St. George Cocke was assigned to the command of the military operations of the State bound- ing on the Potomac River. Officers of all grades on the line of the river were required to render obedience to his orders. * * * * * * * [2.1 JOHN LETCHER. SUNDAY, April 21, 1861.t Judge John J. Allen, Col. Francis II. Smith, and Capt. M. F. Maury having been notified by the Governor that they have been appointed the members of the council of three, in pursuance of a resolution of the convention of Virginia now in session, this day appeared and re~pec- tively accepted the appointments so conferred. Whereupon the council was organized by the election of Judge Allen as president and the appointment of P. F. Howard as secretary, and it was ordered that the resolution of the convention for the organization of the council be entered upon the journal; which resolution is in these words: Resolved, That a council of three be appointed by the convention, upon the nomi- nation of the Governor, to aid, counsel, and advise him in the exercise of his execu- tive authority in the present emergency; the said council to continue in office at the discretion of thfs body: Provided, That the fifteenth section of the sixth article of the constitution of this State shall not apply to the office hereby created. Adopted April 20, 1861. Resolved by the council, That the name by which this body is to be designated shall be the Council of Three, in accordance with the terms of the above resolution. Ordered, That the Governor be informed of the reorganization of the council. The Governor having communicated with the council and asked their advice in reference to the appointment of a commander of the military and naval forces of the State, in pursuance of an ordinance of the con- vention adopted the 19th of April, 1861, the council do respectfully advise that the Governor tender to Col. Robert E. Lee the office of commander of the military and naval forces of Virginia, with the rank and authority expressed iu the ordinance of the convention, and that a special messenger be commissioned to communicate with Colonel Lee in the event of his appointment. Ordered, That the Governor be advised to concentrate at Richmond, as speedily as possible; 5,000 troops from the counties lying west of Richmond, between Richmond and the Blue Ridge, and in the valley from the county of Rockbridge to the Tennessee line, consistin gof infantry, artillery, and riflemen; and that the ordinance of the conven- tion giving the requisite authority for this measure be recorded by the * From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia. I From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the Si,ate of Virginia Page 22 22 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. secretary of the council on the journal. The ordinance is ill the fol- lowing words: AN ORDINANCE adopted by the convention April 17, 1861. Be it ordained, That the Governor of the Commonwealth be, and he is hereby, authorized and required to call into the service of the State as many volunteers as may he necessary to repel invasion and protect the citizens of the State ja the present emergency, which volunteers he will receive in companies and organize into regiments, brigades, and divisions, according to the force required; and the Governor shall appoint and commission the general field and staff officers of said volunteers and proceed to have them organized and instructed; and that he shall immediately invite all efficient and worthy Virginians and residents of Virginia in the Army and Navy of the United States to retire therefrom and to enter the sorvice of Virginia, assigning to them such rank as will not reverse the relative rank held by them in the U. S. service and will at least be equivalent thereto. Be it furl her ordained, That the Governor shall repel invasion and see that in all things the Commonwealth take no detriment and shall exercise for this purpose the powers conferred upon him by the constitution and laws of the State. Be it furl her ordained, That to enable him to carry out the resolutions aforesaid the sum of $100,000 be, and the same is hereby, appropriated out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated. Ordered, That the Governor be respectfully advised to send a tele- gram to Governor Pickens, at Charleston, S. C., informing him of the very great need this State has for heavy ordnance, and requesting the promptest aid in that respect, in the proportion of thirty pieces to Nor- folk, twenty to Richmond, with corresponding ammunition, sending also a duplicate of this telegram to President Davis at Montgomery, Ala. The Governor having submitted to the council and asked their advice upon an ordinance of the convention adopted this day, of which the following is a copy: Be il ordained, That the Governor of Virginia is empowered and directed to organ- ize, as the exigencies of the service may require 1. A subsistence department, to be composed of one colonel, one lieutenant-colonel, two majors, and four captains. 2. A quartermasters department, of one colonel, one lieutenant-colonel, two majors, and four captains. 3. A pay department, to be composed of four paymasters with the rank of major of cavalry. 4. A medical department, to he composed of one surgeon-general with the rank of colonel of cavalry, ten surgeons, and ten assistant surgeons. 5. An adjutant-generals department, to be composed of one adjutant-general of the rank of colonel of cavalry, with authority to the commander-in-chief to detail as niany officers as assistant adjutants-general as the service may require. This ordinance shall be in force from its passage. Adopted by the convention of Virginia April 21, 1861. Ordered, That His Excellency be respectfully advised to organize immediately subsistence and quartermasters departments, placing at the head of each temporarily one person with the rank of major, with authority to employ the necessary clerks and assistants, and that James B. Crenshaw be recommended to him for the post indicated in the subsistence department and B. F. Ficklin for that in the quarter- masters department. The Governor being absent,it is ordered that a telegram be sent to Maj. William S. Barton, Fredericksburg: Send immediately to Aquia Creek a force sufficient to protect two steamers there. If you can get any ordnance, press it into service. A surprise is feared. Answer at once. Ordered, That the Governor be advised to direct that officers of all grades along the hue of the Potomac obey the orders of General Philip St. George Cocke, who has been assigned by him to the command of the military operations of the State in the section bounded by said river. The Governor having asked the advice of the council upon a telegra Page 23 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 23 from Governor Pickens, of South Carolina, inquiring as to the proper destinatiou of troops now advancing from the State of South Carolina to the assistance of Virginia, Ordered, That His Excellency be respectfully advised to telegraph Governor Pickens to send on his troops to Richmond, where an effort will be made to concentrate as large a force as possible, to make Rich- mond the base of operations, from which, when a commander of the forces of the State is appointed, such operations may be conducted as may seem best for the interests of the Southern States. It being considered desirable to ascertain the condition of affairs and the state of public opinion in Maryland, the Governor is respectfully advised to appoint Col. James M. Mason a commissioner, to proceed forthwith to that State and to acquire and communicate to the Gov- ernor such information as he may obtain. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.] M. F. MAURY. PUTNAM CouRT-HoUSE, April 21, 18G1. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia: DEAR SIR: The people of this valley and adjacent couiities are unarmed, with the exception of two companies at Kanawha Court- House and one in this county, and they have good reasons to appre- hend that an organization is being formed in Ohio to enter this valley at the mouth of the Kanawha at Point Pleasant, for the purpose of robbing and murdering the people of Mason, Putnam, Kanawha, and other counties. We want at least eight or ten cannon on this river and arms sufficient to arm the whole people. A sufficient supply of arms for the people of Kanawha, M ason, Putnam, Logan, Boone, Nich- olas, and Fayette ought to be sent at once to the Falls of Kanawha or some point lower down on the river. Give the people arms and they will rise en masse and defend themselves, and every county in this section will send one or more companies to defend the State or to fight wherever you may command them to go to fight for the cause of Vir- ginia and the South. I believe the people in this section will sustain your proclamation and the action of the convention with great una- nimity. Every hour the people are becoming more united, determined, and enthusiastic. All past differences are being forgiven, and the people swear to stand by each other and follow the flag of Virginia wherever it goes. Let us have arms as speedily as possible and the people will rise and fight. Arms could not be safely sent from Parkers- burg to the mouth of the Kanawha at Point Pleasant. They would be seized in all probability at Pomeroy, Ohio. I am, with great respect, yours, truly, [2.] J. G. NEWMAN. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INS?. QENERALS OFFICE, No. 32. 5 Montgomery, April 22, 18G1. I. Col. Theophilus H. Holmes, infantry, will repair to Raleigh and report to the Governor of North Carolina for duty in that State. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. [1. Page 24 24 MIX, E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. iRICHMoND, April 22, 1861. President DAVIS: Arrived here this morning. Shall meet the convention in closed doors to-morrow at 1 oclock. Harpers Ferry in our own hands. Arsenal, containing 16,000 arms, blown up by U. S. forces; 4,000 or 5,000 saved. Best guns, all machinery of value, estimated at ~2,000, 000, saved. Gosport navy-yard burned and evacuated by the enemy; 2,500 guns, artillery and ordnance, saved, and 3,000 barrels oC powder; also large supply of caps, and shells loaded, with the Bormaun fuse attached. Yard not so much injured as supposed. Merrimac, Germantown, and Dolphin sunk; Cumberland escaped. Only portion of Massachusetts regiment reached Washington; 10,000 troops north of Baltimore. Gov- ernor hicks with United States [sic],General Stenart, of Maryland, asks aid. Governor Letcher has ordered 1,000 of guns at Harpers Ferry to be sent to him. The South Carolina regiment will come here. Gov- ernor Letcher this morning issued proclamation ordering 5,000 infantry and rifles to rendezvous immediately on railroad. Plenty awaiting a commander-in-chief. Col. Robert E. Lee is expected to-day, and is looked to as the commander. All the navy officers of Virginia have resigned and tendered services to the State. Governor Letcher got a card on Saturday, sent from Gordonsville, purporting to be from Mr. Benjamin, saying you would be here Wednesday, and is of course bogus. ALEX. H. STEPHENS. [2.] RICHMOND, VA., April 22, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Gonfederate States of America: I am directed by the Governor to inform you that Colonel Lee is here. The Governor has sent in his nomination as commamiderof the land and naval forces of Virginia, with rank of major-general. Nomination will be confirmed. Heavy ordnance from Norfolk ordered here for coast defense and for purposes of co-operating with you. GEORGE W. MUNFORD, [2.] Secretary of State. RICHMOND, VA., A 22, 1861. Hon. iR. TooMBS: Dispatches just received from agent of Governor Letcher, stating that dispatches have just been received from General Stenart, in command of troops at Baltimore, stating that 3,000 are iii camp ten miles from Baltimore, waiting re-enforcements before proceeding to Washington. Baltimore is almost bare of arms and asks the loan of them from Vir- ginia. The Governor has ordered them to be furnished from Harpers Ferry. I will communicate later what help you can give the city. Richmond was thrown into consternation yesterday by a dispatch stat- ing that the Pawnee was coming up the James River to destroy the powder taken at Norfolk and to destroy the cannon foundry. Troops, with a battery, were sent down the river, where they now are, but the report is considered false. JOHN SCOTT. [2. Page 25 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 25 CLARKSBIJRG~ April 22, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of T7irginia: DEAR SIR: Of course you are aware of the general exposure of this section of the State, and especially the danger of an attempt to pass northwestern troops through upon our railroads. We are almost entirely without arms. As lieutenant-colonel commanding the One hundred and thirty-eighth Regiment of Militia, I beseech you to furnish for my dis- posal such arms as you can afford, and that you will authorize the mil- itary of this section to do what circumstances shall require to prevent the passage of troops through Virginia or other aggression or insult to the Commonwealth. If the troubles in Maryland should continue and our services should not be needed at home, we would be glad to have liberty to go to the relief of our brethren of that State. I send dupli- cates of this by different routes. Please direct the arms to Bridgeport, Harrison County, Va. Yours, & c., ~ J. COPLIN. We indorse the above and nnite in the request which it contains. JOS. JOHNSON. HO. JOHNSTON. JAS. M. JACKSON. W p COOPER. A. J. SMITH. [2.] J. S. HOFFMAN. PUTNAM COURT-HOUSE, VA., April 22, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia: DEAR SIR: A gentleman of this county of much credibility, who has just returned from a trip through several counties in Ohio, says he was informed by several of his customers (he being a tobaccomiist) that efforts were now being made in several of the neighborhoods in Gallia and Jackson Counties, Ohio, to raise a sufficient force to invade this portion of Virginia, and produce an insurrection among the slaves and lay waste the valley of the Kanawha. Believing this statement to be true, I am induced to write to you, and suggest the propriety of order- ing one or more volunteer companies to Point Pleasant, the mouth of the Kanawha River. Buffalo is situated some twenty-two miles up the Kanawha River, but within some twelve miles of the Ohio River. As the Ohio River runs nearly parallel with the Kanawha from Point Pleasant to a point some eighteen or twenty miles below mouth of Kanawha, Buffalo would be the most accessible point to the abolition- ists of Ohio to enter the valley of the Kanawha. There are more slaves in the neighborhood of Buffalo than there are from Buffalo to Point Pleasant. I would therefore also suggest the necessity of sta- tioning some one or more companies at Buffalo. If we had arms we could soon raise a force to protect ourselves and give to other portions of the State the services of our volunteer companies. The people of this county are heart and soul with you in the defense of the State. Very truly, your obedient servant, HO. T. HARVEY Page 26 26 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL [Inclosure.] At a county court, held for the county of Putnam at the court-house thereof ou Monday, the 22d of April, 1861, it was ordered that the sum of $3,000 be appropriated for the purpose of purchasing arms for the people of said county, to be used for defending themselves and the State of Virginia, and that said sum be levied for and collected in the usual manner in which the county levies of said county are made and collected, and also the sum of $200 to pay the expenses of a special messenger to Richmond City, to be levied and collected in the same manner. But this levy of said $3,000 is only to take effect in the event that the Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia fails or refuses to supply said arms. And it is further ordered, that Maj. L. L. Bronaugh be, and he is hereby, appointed special commissioner to wait upon the Governor of Virginia for the purpose aforesaid. Test: HO. T. HARVEY, [2.] Clerk. MONTGOMERY, April 23, 1861. Col. T. B. FLOURNOY, Little Rock, Ark.: I will accept your regilnent.* You will arm it and equip it from your arsenal. Transportation will be provided. You will rendezvous it at Lynchburg, where you will be mustered into service. Let me know when you will depart and the route you propose. L. P. WALKER. [1.] RIChMOND, VA., April 23, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: Meet the convention to-day; prospect good; nothing decisive done; Col. Robert E. Lee here. He is the commander of the Virginia forces. No organization yet. General Scott not resigned, and I believe will not from the best information I get. Programme is to hold Fortress Monroe, Washingtoii City, retake Harpers Ferry; to take and hold Memphis, and froni that point with Western troops to open a line of communication with Pensacola. ALEX. H. STEPHENS. [2.] CHARLESTON, [April] 23, 1861. General H. E. LEE, Commanding Virginia Forces: Permit me to advise batteries with portable shot furnaces to prevent ascent of Potomac by steamers. G. T. BEAUREGARD. [2.] * See Flournoy et ~4., Vol. I, p. 688 Page 27 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 27 NORFOLK, April 23, 18G1. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia: I herewith send yon a dispatch, communicated to me as confidential by Samuel Watts (aide-de-camp), W. W. Lamb (mayor), C. W. Newton, James Cornick, and Tazewell Taylor, esqrs.: NORFOLK, April 23, 1861. The Baltic arrived off Old Point to-day with troops from Boston, as reported to us, and proceeded to Washington. The Cumberland is lying off Old Point, and is the only vessel of war in Hampton Roads. WALTER GWYNN, [2.1 Major- General. TuEsDAY, April 23, 1861.* * * * * * * * The Governor nominated to the convention Robert E. Lee to be com- mander of the military and naval forces of this Commonwealth, with the rank of major-general. The nomination was unanimously confirmed, and the commission was issued accordingly. * * * * * * * The Governor issued an order to W. W. Townes that all vessels loaded with tobacco, cotton, etc., belonging to Northern men, should not be permitted to leave James River. * * * * * * * [2.] JOHN LETCHER. TUESDAY, April 23, 1861.t Present, the whole council. The council respectfully advise that the Governor dispatch a telegram to General Walter Gwywn to send a flag to Fort Monroe to ascertain whether it be true that officers of the Army citizens of this State are kept in irons or otherwise restrained against their will at that fort, and report the result to Governor Letcher immediately. Ordered, That the secretary enter upon record the communication this day addressed by them to the convention. This communication is in these words: COUNCIL OFFICE, April 23, 1861. GENTLEMEN OF THE CONVENTION: The Council of Three, appointed by a resolution of the convention adopted on the 20th of April, 1861, to aid, counsel, and advise the Governor in the exercise of his executive authority in the present emergency, beg leave to represent to the conven- tion that great uncertaintyarises out of the terms of the resolution as to the relation which it was contemplated to establish between the Governor and the council. The expression, to aid the Governor, is ambiguous. It could not have been contem- plated that the council should enter upon the performance of executive functions without the concurrence of the Governor, for that would have been to create a dual executive, each actin,, independently. The resolution does not make it necessary that the Governor shall act with the advice of the council or direct him, before he exercises any discretionary power, to require the advice of the council, leaving it discretionary with the Governor to conform his action thereto or not, as to him may seem expedient. If it was contemplated that the council should counsel and advise the Governor upon such matters as the council might deem important, such advice, if offered without the request of the Governor, might appear obtrusive, and if given without adequate knowledge of the facts might lead to disastrous consequences. * From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia. From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 28 28 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. The members of the council beg leave, in conclusion, to state that, acting under the emergency which prompted the passage of the resolution, they entered upon the performance of the duties imposed on them, and that so far as they have been con- sulted or ventured to make independent suggestions the utmost harmony has existed between the Governor and council, but they feel conviiiced that uuder the resolution as it now stands they cannot render that effective service which the public exigency demands. JOHN J. ALLEN, Preshient of the Council. The council respectfully advise that the companies from the Univer- sity of Virginia be sent back to Charlottesville. It being suggested to the council by the Governor that the rooms in the custom-house assigned to the clerk of the Federal courts have been appropriated by the military, the council respectfully advise that the Governor issue an order directing the possession of the said rooms to be restored to the clerk. President Davis having informed the Governor that thirteen addi- tional regiments of the troops of the Confederate States have been ordered on to Virginia, it is respectfully advised that the Governor reply to the President that Col. Robert E. Lee being about to assume command here, it will be best to delay the march of the troops men- tioned until he shall receive a communication from Colonel Lee. And it is further advised that the Governor communicate the telegram received from President Davis and the answer thereto to the convention. On a suggestion made by the Governor the council advise that no volunteer companies be mustered into service when the complement of men falls below the minimum required by law; and that mere informal- ities in the rolls of companies should be no barrier to mustering in such companies as may have a full complement. The Governor submitted a communication from John B. Baldwin, inspector-general, asking instructions as to mustering in the companies composing the First Regiment of Virginia Volunteers, he having been notified by Captain Cary, commanding one of the companies, of the unwillingness of both himself and many of his soldiers to be mustered in as a part of the regiment, preferring rather that their services should be accepted as an independent company. Whereupon, advised by the council that as the course insisted on by Captain Cary would end in the total disorganization of the regiment, the inspector-general be instructed to muster in the regiment as a whole and not by companies. It being suggested to the council by the Governor that sundry vessels have been seized by his orders and are now detained, and advice being asked in rQlation to the disposition of such vessels, cargoes, and crews, the council advise that the officers charged with the naval defenses of the James, York, Rappahannock, and Potomac Rivers and their tribu- taries be directed to inspect the vessels so seized; to cause a valuation and assessment of damages to be made of any such vessels and their cargoes as may be absolutely necessary to be detained for the defenses of the State; to take immediate measures for the preservation of such vessels and cargoes as may not be discharged and discharge all such as are not essential to be retained, and give certificates to the officers and crews for their pay from the time of detention until discharged. The council direct the insertion in their journal of the following res- olutions, adopted by the convention in response to the communication this day made by the council to that body: 1. Resolved, That in the appointment of a council of three by the convention, upon the nomination of the Governor, to aid, counsel, and advise him in the exercise of his execntive authority in the present emergency, it was not the purpose or intention of the convention to confer on the council the power to control the Governor in th Page 29 CRAm LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 29 exercise of his executive functions, but it was their purpose to impose upon the Gov- ernor tbe obligation to consult the council in regard to all executive acts. 2. That a regular journal of the executive proceedings and acts should be kept, in which should be recorded all appointments and proceedings of the Executive and the votes of the several councilors thereupon. Adopted by the convention of Virginia April 23, 1861. And the secretary is also directed at this point to place upon record the fact that in all the advices heretofore given to the Governor the vote of the council has been unanimous. JOHN J. ALLETh FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.1 M. F. MAURY. FAIRMONT, YA., April 23, 1861. Governor JOHN LETCHER: DEAR SIR: I have felt it my duty to send Major Thompson, one of my aides, to you, to inform you of the state of things here. We receive no mail south of the city of Washington any more. We must have arms here or else we shall be overrun. The Government of the United States furnishes arms upon the order of the postmaster at Wheeling, and threatens us with Ohio and Pennsylvania troops. The administration men threaten us with a provisional government and manifest a deter- mination to take possession of this part of Yirginia. Our people are right in this county with a few exceptions. Let us have arms here. Send them6to Strasburg. Have them wagoned eighteen miles to Win- chester and send by the railroad. Authorize us to call out at least 1,000 men, to be posted near Wheeling and along the railroad line. Send us a draft on the treasury for some money to meet this exigency. I have sent this express, deeming it my duty so to do. Major Thomp- son will give you the facts in detail. Let us have some pieces of ord- nance. Send us as good arms as you have. If no other kind, let us have hint-lock muskets. I hope you feel it your duty to pay the expense of this express. We are impatient to hear from you. T. S. RAYMOND, [2.] Major- General Third Dirision Virginia Militia. RICHMOND, April 24, 1861. (Received 25th.) SECRETARY OF WAR: Just arrived. Have seen Mr. Stephens. General Scott is determined to stand by Union and his oath. Two men arrested on Wilmington and Weldon road cutting bridges. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.1 RICHMOND, April 24, 1861. (Received 6 oclock.) L. P. WALKER: Mission of Mr. Stephens successful. The Old Dominion is in our Confederacy. An ordinance has just passed adopting the Provisional Constitution. Delegates will be sent to our Congress 29th. Mr. Ste- phens has telegraphed the President. D. G. DUNCAN. [2. Page 30 30 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS PROVISIONAL FORCES, C. S. ARMY, Charleston, A 24, 1861. General ROBERT E. LEE: Do you wish portable shot furnaces for defense of the Potomac ~ I can let you have two. [2.] G. T. BEAUREGARD. RICHMOND, April 24, 1861. (Received 9.10 p. in.) General BEAUREGARD, Charleston: Will be glad to have the furnaces. Send them here. [2.] R. E. LEE. WEDNESDAY, April 24, 1861.* Present, the whole council. The council direct that the secretary enter upon the journal and com- municate to the Governor the following modification of the advice given by them to His Excellency on yesterday in relation to the seizure of vessels, & c.: The council unanimously advise that all vessels which have been detained by order of the Governor or other officers acting under State authority be directed to be inspected, so as to ascertain the character of the vessel, the cargo ttnd its value, and any damages which may have been sustained by the seizure and detention, and that report be required under what authority the vessel and cargo were seized and detained. That all such vessels be restored to their owners or masters, with permis- sion to proceed upon their voyages. If any such vessels and cargoes have been abandoned by their masters or crews, that care should be taken of them. Where cargoes have been taken from the vessels and stored elsewhere, that the same be returned to the vessels before their discharge, ascertaining the damage and granting certificates thereof to the masters. When officers and crews have been detained, that pay should be allowed to each at the rate at which they were shipped, and certificates given them therefor from the time of detention or seizure until discharged, such certificates to be presented at Richmond for payment. But as to such steamers as may be essential for the purposes of the public service, that the same should be retained for the present and until the further order of the Governor, but a survey should be made and the value of the vessel ascertained and reported. The Governor desiring the advice of the council as to the reply to be made to a dispatch this morning received from William H. C. Whit- ing, inspector-general of the State of North Carolina, applying for a safe conduct for the passage of a company of the U. S. troops through the territory of Virginia from the State of North Carolina, where they have been stationed and from which State they desire to retire: Advised unanimously that this application be rejected as inexpedient, the council deeming that the passage of such troops through the terri- tory of Virginia might be attended with hazard to their safety. The council were also consulted by the Governor as to the appointment of ex-Governor Henry A. Wise to some military position for which he has patriotically tendered his services: Advised nnaniinously that the Governor hold such applications in reserve until it is ascertained by the action of the convention and the advice of the major-general in command the number and grade of military officers whom it will devolve npon the Governor to appoint in the State army and volun- teers, having regard to the ordinance of convention in relation to officers of the U. S. Army, natives of Virginia or residents therein, Prom proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 31 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 31 who have retired or may retire from the service of the United States and tender their services to Virginia. The Governor submitted for advice a communication from R. H. Lorton, deputy collector at Richmond, inquiring whether an agent of the Post-Office Department shall be paid ont of the funds in the hands of the said collector: Advised unanimously that the Governor abstain from making any disposition of the funds collected or to be collected by collectors of the United States until the convention of Virginia shall take some order in relation to that subject. The Governor commnnicated a dispatch from General P. St. George Cocke, at Alexandria, to General Lee, in which General Cocke says that he can destroy the light-boats and remove the buoys through the pilots without military force, and asks instructions. Submitted by General Lee for the views of the Governor and council: Advised unan- imously that the decision upon this matter be left to the discretion of the commanding general. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.] M. F. MAURY. PRUT~TYTOWN, VA., April 24, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER: DEAR SIR: We, the undersigned citizens of Taylor County, deem it our duty to inform you particularly of our situation and that of this region, and to ask your advice and assistance. We inclose you two slips from the Wheeling Intelligencer, which will help to indicate our condition. The Grafton Virginian, the Clarksburg Guard, and the Wellsburg Herald adopt similar views. All these papers are evidently stipendiaries of the Federal Government. There has for some weeks been maturing in this the Tenth Congressional District a conspiracy for resistance to the ordinance of secession by force of arms and for a division of the State. Many of our citizens evidently encouraged and united in the plan before the passage of the ordinance of secession, and now, however, that they are on the brink of action, their resolu- tion fails, yet outside of this county that resolution seemps unabated. We are glad, however, to have it in our power to say with sincerity and truth that a large majority of the people of the northwest are opposed to a division of the State, and that at least half of those people will ratify by their votes the action of the convention. In Taylor County we have at least 500 reliable men. With this preface we now come to the point which is now nearer to our immediate necessities. We are here actually in danger of subjec- tion and humiliation to the force of our enemies from the States of Ohio and Pennsylvania, and also from our own neighbors, and we have no arms; not a single musket of the State is in our county. We have one volunteer organization at Fetterman, in this county, the Letcher Guard, but it is wholly unarmed. We are in the act of forming a vol- unteer company or battalion of volunteers of all ages as a home guard; and now we implore you to take measures to send us at least 200 as good arms as possible as soon as may be, and also ammunition, & c., with a flag of the State. These arms, & c., should be sent via Win- chester and Harpers Ferry. They may be directed to the commandant of the One hundred and nineteenth Regiment (who is truly loyal to the State), care of J. K. Smith, Fetterman, Va., and from Harpers Ferry they should have a guard. By all manner of means these arms shoul Page 32 32 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CIL.r. LXIII. be in our hands before the election, because we apprehend that the polls may be held by the anti-secessionists and we be kept from voting. The Virginia authorities must be careful to whom they send arms and other military stores in this region, for many of the militia officers are traitorous, or, to say the least, unreliable. We will agree to give boiid in any penalty before any man (or the county court) for the return of these arms, or for their delivery to any volunteer company that may present an order for them from Your Excellency. We should also have pistols and side-arms; for all of which we will give proper security. The Government should undoubtedly attend at once to this region. We were at a convention at Fairmont on the 17th instant, composed of delegates from all parts of the district, and the views we have expressed here are confirmed by all we learned there. We have con- ferred with our neighbor Senator Neeson, of Marion, and he concurs in our views; also Senator Newlen. Very respectfully, your obedient servants and fellow-citizens, E. J. ARMSTRONG. A. S. WARDEN, & trgeon 119th Regiment. B. F. MARTIN. D. S. MORRIS, Editor and Publisher. WM. P. KEMBLE, Golonel 119th Regiment. G. W. HANSBROUGH, [2.] Commonwealths Attorney. ROLLISTON, near Norfolk, [April , 1861.*] WILLIAM M. AMBLER, Esq.: M~ DEAR SIR: Mr. Walters, of Baltimore, will hand you this. For Gods sake, urge em at Richmond to press forward on three points: Harpers Ferry, to cut off the West, to form camp for Baltimore and point of attack on Washington from the west; the Potomac River from every point where heavy guns can be put to resist re-enforcemnents by that river, and to Hampton to prevent the forces at Fort Monroe from taking heights around amid shutting us up in our bays and rivers. Send heavy guns to Potomac, and procure small arms from Governor Ellis, who is said to have captured 75,000 stand in North Carolina. We are qniet here now, but fortifying, and daily along Lymmn Haven seeing the steamers taking re-enforcements up bay and Potomac to Washington. This can be done all the time until we surround Fort Monroe and make the Roads too hot to hold blockading fleets. I may be a dying man, but will be at Richmond in two or three days and seek service. Have tele- graphed my tender to Governor Letcher. Will you please see him and the council and beg for some command for Yours, truly, [2.] HENRY A. WISE. RICUMOND, VA., April 25, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: Convention between the Confederate States and the Commonwealth of Virginia ratified. All military forces and military operations of the * Probably written about April 23 or 24, 1861 Page 33 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 33 Commonwealth in the present common impending danger to be under the chief control of the President of the Confederate States of America immediately upon the same principles, basis, and footing as if said Commonwealth was a member of the Confederacy and the Constitu- tion for the Provisional Government. The convention has passed an ordinance adopting our Provisional Constitution. Delegates will be sent to the Confederate Congress on its meeting. I give you sub- stance; particulars by mail. Will requisition be made for volunteers on the Executive of Virginia, as has been done on other Confederate States 0? Let me hear immediately. I am exceedingly gratified at the result of my mission. [2.] ALEX. H. STEPHENS. RIcHMOND, April 25, 1861. L. P. WALXER: To go to Washington, even could I get there, which I learn reliably would be impossible, would defeat my object. Telegraph office at Washington seized last Friday. Residents there leaving. Martial law prevailing. No communication between Washington and Virginia for some days. Every approach cut arid guarded. Norfolk Bay line to Baltimore open at present. I go to Alexandria first and then to Nor- folk. Maryland Legislature meets to-morrow. All bridges between Washington and Philadelphia destroyed. Maryland believed to be with us. Georgia troops narrowly escaped destruction between Wil- mington and Weldon by cutting of bridges. Now thoroughly guarded. Colonel Lee planting batteries at Arlington Heights. Richmond full of troops. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. MONTGOMERY, April 25, 1861. Governor J. W. ELLIS, Raleigh, N. C.: I shall have to supply with arms three regiments from Tennessee and one from Arkansas that rendezvous at Lynchburg, Va. Can you send this Government 2,000 percussion muskets to be sent to Lynch- burg 0? * L. P. WALKER. MONTGOMERY, April 25, 1861. Governor THoMAS 0. MOORE, New Orleans: Will you send one regiment or two to Richmond? It is irnportan~i for me to know. [2.] L. P. WALKER. NEW ORLEANS, April 25, 1861. L. P. WALKER: One regiment leaves Saturday, and the next in three or four days after if equipments can be got ready. [2.] TUG. 0. MOORE. * See Ellis to Walker, April 25, Volume I, P. 487. 3 R RYOL LI~ PT I Page 34 34 MD., E. N. C., PA.. VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. IN CONVENTION A lVlaj. Gen. IR. E. LEE: , pril 25, 1861. Sni: I have the honor to communicate the following resolution, adopted this day by the convention: Resolved, That Major-General Lee be requested at once to provide for the security of the machinery for manufacturing arms now or recently at Harpers Perry, by removal or otherwise, and that the ieport now under consideration be referred to him. Report from a special committee, presented April 25, 1861. AN ORDINANCE providing for the removal and disposition of the machinery taken at Harpers Ferry. Be it ordained, That the Governor of the Commonwealth cause so much of the machinery taken at Harpers Ferry as may be useful for the manufacture and repair- ing of muskets to be removed to the city of Richmond and placed in the armory, and that he cause the residue of said machinery to be removed to the city of Lynch- burg, and that so much thereof as may be necessary be put in a condition to be used as speedily as possible. All the expenses incurred under this ordinance to be paid out of the money appropriated for the defense of the State. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. L. EUBAKK, [24 Secretary of Convention. IIDQRS. FIRST LIGHT DIV., MARYLAND VOLUNTEERS, Baltimore, Thursday, April 25, 18617 p. m. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Richmond, Va.. SIR: The communication of Your Excellency by telegraphic dispatch to Brigadier-General Cocke, at Alexandria, and transmitted thence to Baltimore by special messenger, reached me to-day at noon, and I hasten to express our profound and gratefal sense of the friendly spirit in which you have considered our destitution and most liberally pro- vided for it. God bless you, Governor, and your generous people, and may those bonds of friendship which have so long united your State and mine never be sundered. I inclose a copy of my letter to Maj. Gen. Kenton Harper, acknowledging receipt of 351 muskets, carbines, & c., and begging him to return you my thanks for them. I also send you a copy of my note dispatched to General Harper to-day, requesting him to keep a lookout for what you proposed to send inc through him. I hope to establish by to-morrow evening a line of vedettes from my headquarters to those of Brigadier-General Cocke, near Alexandria, and I shall then be in most safe communication with you by that route through Baltimore, Anne Arundel, and Prince George Counties to the ferry at Alexandria. Our Legislature will be in session to-morrow at Frederick, and I trust their action will be as unanimous and decided as we could desire. The first two regiments which marched from Annapolis for Washington reached Millersville, ten miles, last evening, and halted there last night. This morning about 8 oclock their advance guard reached the Annapolis Junction (ten miles farther), and there met a strong detachment from Washington. The Federal troops now have possession of the entire railroad route from Washington to Annapolis, and will very soon repair the damage done to the Annapolis road. The road from the Junction to Washington has not been injured. They have at their command only two or three engines, with passenger and burden cars sufficient to transport about 500 men in one train. The road from the Annapolis Junction to Baltimore is uninjured, and I am very anxious, with the co-operation of General Harper, to occupy Page 35 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 35. strong position at or near the Relay House, so as to guard and keep open for our own accommodation the railroad communication from Baltimore to the West, and at the same time cutting it off from Wash- ington. As soon as that point is agreed upon, I shall make an applica- tion to General Harper for a large force to guard and protect the road from Harpers Ferry to Baltimore, leaving us to take a strong position and guard it at the Relay House. Have the goodness to acknowledge the receipt of this and other communications from me, that I may be assured of their safe delivery. Of course the communication I have spoken of from Alexandria to Baltimore by the vedette line will be the best and safest. With great respect, your obedient servant, G. H. STEUART, Major- General. [Inclosure No. 1.] BALTIMORE, April23, 18615.30 a. m. Maj. Gen. KENToN HARPER, Commanding at Harpers Ferry: SIR: I fully appreciate your reply to my dispatch. It is just what I expected from you and from a commander of Virginia troops at this moment. Since I wrote to you, new and unexpected movements and operations of the troops landed at Annapolis have altered the plans I was preparing to carry out. Our eyes are now turned to another point, where your co-operation could not be easily availed of, though it is pos- sible I may be able to give you sufficient notice to secure your valuable assistance. Having opened a communication with you, I shall write freely when our exigencies require it. At present all I will add is, all honor to Old Virginia and everlasting union between her and Maryland. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. H. STEUAIRT, Major- General. [Inclosure No. 2.] HDQRS. FIRST LIOJIT Div., MARYLAND VOLUNTEERS, Baltimore, April 25, 1861. Major-General HARPER Commanding at Harpers Ferry, Va.: SIR: When the anus (with regard to which we have this day received a dispatch from Brigadier-General Cocke) are received by you, be kind enough to inform me at once and retaimi them nutil an answer is sent you. Very respectfully, your obedien servant, G. H. STEUAIRT, [2.j Major. General. THURSDAY, April 25, 1861.* Present, the whole council. The council authorize and direct their secretary to employ some trust- worthy person to assist him as a copying clerk amid by bearing messages and in such other matters as may require such assistance, his services to commence with this day. The Governor having presented An ordinance amending and re-enacting the ordinance adopted omi the 21st instant for the organi- zation of staft~ departments for the military forces of the State, adopted by the convention of Virginia April 24, 1861, asking the advice of the * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of virginia Page 36 36 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. council upon all questions arising under said ordinance: Advised unani- mously that this ordinance be immediately carried into effect, and for this purpose that the Governor confer with General Lee with reference to the number of officers and the persons most suited for the various branches of the staff corps. It is also unanimously advised that, a sthe commissions of all officers in the said staff corps which have already been commissioned are vacated by this ordinance, these officers continue ill service until their successors are appointed. Under the ordinance of convention of April 24, 1861, the council unanimously concur with the Governor in the following appointments recommended by General Lee: Maj. Robert S. Garnett to be adjutant-general with the rank of colo- nel; Capt. Eugene E. McLean to be quartermaster with the rank 01 major; Maj. George C. ilutter to be paymaster with the rank of major; Charles Bell Gibson to be surgeon-general with the rank of colonel; Charles II. Smith to be surgeon with the rank of major. Under the ordinance of convention of April 17, 1861, the council unanimously advise that the Governor make the following appointments upon like recommendation of General Lee, submitted by the Governor for advice: Col. Joseph E. Johnston, to be major-general of volunteers; Col. John B. Magruder to be colonel of volunteers; Capt. Henry Heth to be lieu- tenant-colonel of volunteers; Capt. Richard S. Ewell to be lieutenant- colonel of volunteers, and James It. Crenshaw to be major of volunteers. The Governor having submitted to the council for advice the case of officers of the Army and Navy of the United States, natives or residents of Virginia, now on the retired list: Advised unanimously that General Joseph E. Johnston, Col. John B. Magruder, and Lieut. Col. Richard S. Ewell, late of the U. S. Army, and Capts. Samuel Barron and Sydney Smith Lee, late of the U. S. Navy, be appointed a joint commission of army and navy officers to name all efficient and worthy Virginians and residents of Virginia in the Army and Navy of the United States, for the purpose of inviting them into the service of Virginia, in accordance with the ordinance of convention of April 17, 1861. The Governor also submitted for advice the question how steam ves- sels entering the navy-yard at Portsmouth or other ports on State service may be supplied with coal when in want, this being now the case with one such vessel at Portsmouth: Advised unanimously that this matter be referred to the proper navy bureau, with instructions to the chief of that bureau to purchase, or cause to be purchased, a suffi- cient supply of coal for the use of steamers and to issue it as necessity may require. The Governor submitted for advice the following ordinance adopted by the convention on the 24th instant: Be it ordained, That the Governor be authorized to have constructed a line of tele- graph from the city of Richmond to such point on York River as he may select, and to defray the cost of the same from such moneys as may be raised for military pur- poses. Advised unanimously that the Governor advertise for proposals to erect a line of telegraph from Richmond to West Point and put the same in operation. The Governor also submitted another ordinance of the convention of the same date, as follows: Be it ordained, That the Governor be, and is hereby, authorized to excuse from mili- tary service such number of the employ& of each railroad company as may be nec- essary to operate the road and to organize and arm them for the defense of the line of such road and of its termini Page 37 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 37 Advised unanimously that the Governor exempt from military serv- ice such emp1oy~s as the presidents of the respective companies may certify to be necessary, and to arm them and place them under the command of such of the conductors or other agents of such companies as the presidents of said companies may prescribe. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.] M. F. MAURY. THURSDAY, April 25, 18G1.* * * * * * * * Advised unanimously that General Joseph E. Johnston, Col. John B. Magruder, and Lient. Col. Richard S. Ewell, late of the U. S. Army, and Capts. Samuel Barron, Robert B. Pegram, and Sydney Smith Lee, late of the U. S. Navy, be appointed a joint commission of army and navy officers to name all efficient and worthy Virginians and residents of Virginia iii the Army and Navy of the United States, for the pur- pose of inviting them into the service of Virginia in accordance with the ordinance of convention adopted April 17, 1861. * * * * * * * Under the ordinance of the convention of April 24, 1861, the Gov- ernor, with the unanimous concurren~e of the council, appointed and commissioned the following staft~ officers, viz: Maj. Robert S. Garnett to be adjutant-general with the rank of colonel; Maj. George C. Hut- tei to be paymaster with the rank of inaj or: Charles Bell Gibson to be surgeon-general with the rank of colonel; Charles H. Smith to be surgeon with the rank of major, and Capt. lEugene E. McLean to be quartermaster with the rank of major. * * * * * * [2.] JOHN LETCHER. APRIL 25, 1861. General LEE, Commanding, ceo.: GE~EnAL: A telegraph from President Davis notified the Governor a few (lays ago that he has made a requisition for thirteen regiments, to rendezvous at Lynchburg without delay. The Governor replied not to forward them until you should be invested with the command. The Governor suggests that you take up the consideration of commu- nicating with President Davis on the subject at once. F. H. SMITH. [2.] LOUISVILLE, April 25, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALI~nR, Secretary of War: DEAR SIR: Your dispatch to Magoffin was handed to him whilst we were conversing, and was read by him to me, and at the same time Mr. Benjamins dispatch came, telling me to offer my men. As you will have learned from my letter to Mr. Benjamin, our State is in a defense- less condition, and therefore our policy must be to gain time. I imme- diately sent orders to my companies to move, and they have done so * From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 38 38 MD,, E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. hurriedly and without their ranks full. Capt. Jo. iDesha, Capt. J. D. Pope, Capt. J. B. Harvey, and Captain Lapaille left for Nashville this afternoon with about 300 men. Captain Crossland and Captain Bow- man will meet me there with about 180 more. The other companies will follow, as they were not ready and have been disorganized tern. porarily by the fright cast over our people of an invasion apprehended from Cincinnati, Cairo, and Indianapolis. As the Governor could not respond to your call from motives of policy, I have done so individually, and the Confederate flag has floated gaily to the breeze as my men this evening marched through our streets, thousands applauding and waving them on. As of necessity iu thus hurriedly, at a moments notice, moving a body of men, I shall not profess to supply them with articles which are necessary for troops, but will content myself with uniforming as many as possible and supplying them with the actual necessities. Having to do all this individually, and money in such times as these being very hard to procure, I shall exercise due economy, and think that you will find my men less expensive than any other detachment which is enrolled. 1 shall remain in Nashville, where I go on Saturday with the stragglers left this evening, for a few days, so that I can go to Virginia with the Tennessee troops. I expect my detachment, when leaving Nashville, to number about 600 men, and the remainder will follow me as quickly afterward as the respective companies can be prepared. I presume that you will give directions to the proper officers in Virginia in regard to furnishing my men with proper arms and equipments. I have the honor to be, yours, truly, BLANTON DUNCAN. [2.] FREDERICKSBURG, [April 25, 1861.] His Excellency Governor LETCHER: The steamer Logan, now here, would have been detained by me but for your proclamation. The agents say that if she goes to Baltimore she will not return. It is absolutely necessary that I should have this steamer on the iRappahannock. She leaves at 4 a. m. to-morrow for Baltimore. I advise that she be chartered by the State. I have also at the wharf a Northern vessel loaded with corn for New York. Shall the corn be detained ~ I await your instructions. DANIEL RUGGLES, [2.] Brigadier- General. Capt. A. B. FAIRFAX: NORFOLK, April 25, 1861. (Care Honorable Secretary of Committee.) Opportunity presents of sending a few heavy guns to the Potomac. Ascertain if desired, and to what point they shall be sent. By order: W. F. LYNCH, Colonel. [First indorsement.] The within dispatch is referred to General Lee, who will reply. By order of the Governor: JNO. ECHOLS, Aide Page 39 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 39 [Second indorsement.] The opportunity is not deemed safe. [2.] [H. E. LEE.] MONTGOMERY, A 2G, 1861. Hon. A. H. STEPHENS, Richmond, V~t: Mr. Pryor was furnished with a copy of our law providing for the public defense. Under this law the regiments elect their own officers. I told them when here that such troops as Virginia would supply would be through Governor Letcher upon requisition. He mast therefore arrange with Governor Letcher. The military force of Virginia has been placed at the disposal of the President,and I havetelegraphed Governor Letcher to know of what this force consists and at what points it is being rendezvoused. Until he replies I can give no special orders. The troops from the Confederate States are ordered to rendezvous at Lynchburg and Richmond. [2.] L. P. WALKER. PRIVATE.] RICHMOND, April 26, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Mr. Stephens said to a prominent gentleman [that] President Davis was not coming. Causes dissatisfaction, because expected his presence would inspire confidence. Leaked out proposition made from Wash- ington to convention. Troops murmuring; they have not tile confi- (lence in Lee they have in Davis. Union men favor temporizing. William C. Rives believes in settlement without collision. Lee dwelt on enthusiasm North and against aggression from us. Is our cause not in danger of demoralization~ Pryor agrees with Tyler that Presi- dent Davis presence is essential. 1 leave for Alexandria to-morrow, then Norfolk and Baltimore, which are the points Tyler said to me a moment since propositions were coming from third parties. [2.1 D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, April 26, 1861. (Received 7 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Have conversed with General Robert E. Lee. He wishes to repress enthusiasm of our people. His troops not ready; although pouring in every hour, they remain here. General Cocke has 300, and no more. Corps of observation on Potomac near Alexandria. He considers Maryland helpless, needing encouragement and succor. Believes 20,000 men in and near Washington. New York furnishing Govern- ment large sums money. Astor reported offered $10,000,000. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. WHEELIN4Sf, VA., April 26, 1861. JOHN LETCHER, Esq., (~overnor of Virginia: SlE: I have this moment learned that Major-General Haymond, of Marion County, contemplates asking that the State shall send arms Page 40 40 MD., E. N. C., PA., YA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL & c., to Wheeling for its defense. I trust that no such order will be complied with, and that its compliance will only add to the confusion and to the evil of the tiines~ We are at peace, and such a procedure will only bring upon our people the bitterness of intestine feud and the military occupation of the northwest by the forces of the surround- ing States~ nuder the authority of the Union, and if resistance is made it will make us the theater of civil and predatory warfare, with the inability of the State or of the entire South to protect us. A glance at the map will satisfy you of our exposed and defenseless position, and just now we fcel and are satisfied that our weakness is our strength, and our people desire to be left in that condition. If at leisure I may write you again in a few days and frankly give you my views of the relations of the northwest to the eastern division of the State. With personal regard, your friend, GEG. W. THOMPSON. [2.] FRIDAY, April 26, 1861.* Present, a full council. The Governor submitted the following as his nominations under the ordinance of convention of April 17, 1861, viz: On the recommendation of Major-General Lee, Samuel Jones to be lieutenant-colonel of voluntecrs Joseph Selden to be lieutenant-col- onel of volunteers; Daniel A. Langhorne to be colonel of volunteers; Robert Johnston to be nmjor of volunteers; Lunsford L. Lomax to be captain of volunteers; William P. Smith to be captain of volunteers; J. Maury Garland to be captain of volunteers; David Lambert to be captain of volunteers; II. H. Selden to be captain of volunteers; John H. McDaniel to be captain of volunteers; Jehu Williams to be captain of volunteers; William Thomas Hardy to be captain of volunteers; Charles W. Hardy to be captain of volunteers. On the recommendation of J. H. Crenshaw, acting commissary-gen- eral, Thomas G. Peyton to be captain of volunteers; Frank CT. Ituffin to be captain of volunteers, and John II. Claiborne to be captain of volunteers. On the recommendation of Colonel Heth, acting quartermaster-gen- eral, William S. Wood to be captain of volunteers. Nearly all being wanted for immediate staff service, advised unanimously that these appointments be made. The Governor also submitted his nomination of Richard L. Maury to be first lieutenant of volunteers, for service in the council chamber: Advised unanimously that this appointment be made. The name of John Cowdrey Taylor was also submitted by the Gov- ernor for appointment as second lieutenant of volunteers, nominated by Capt. It. L. Page, who desires the assistance of Mr. Taylor as secretary in performing the duties of his office as naval aide-de-camp to the Gov- ernor: Advised unanimously that this appointment be made. On the suggestion of Capt. Samuel Barron, the Governor submits the nomination of Lieut. B.. B. Pegram, of the navy, to be added to the joint commission of army and navy officers yesterday appointed: Advised unanimously that Lieutenant Pegrain be added to the corn- mission. Papers were submitted by the Governor relating to repairs of revenue cutter Duane, commenced by authority of the United States Govern. From proceedings of tlie Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 41 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 41 ment and now interrupted, the naval officer in charge desiring instruc- tions: Advised unanimously that the officer charged with naval repairs be requested to ascertain the time and cost of putting the Duane in complete repair. The Governor submitted a communication from Colonel Dimmock, of the Ordnance Department, propo~ing to send to Louisville and other Western places, by an agent, to gather up percussion caps, thinking that large numbers can thus be had. He asks whether he can obtain through the Treasury Department $500 for the purpose: Advised unanimously that an advance of $500 for this purpose be made. A communication was received and submitted by the Governor from John W. Vaughan, Hampton, Va., stating that he has left the light- boat and has all his crew with him, and holds at the disposal of the Executive two small boats belonging to the light-boat. Requests that if any arrangement can be made for the pay now due by the United States Government to himself and his men the collector of the port of Norfolk may be informed: Advised unanimously that no steps be taken on the subject until the convention has given instructions. The light-boat should be taken care of by the proper bureau. The Governor submitted a communication from Maj. W. E. Taylor, commanding the Third Battalion of Virginia Volunteers, Norfolk, stating that Capt. Edmund Bradford, of Company F, in his battalion, is absent, and that the companies of the battalion are very large. He asks instructions, and in particular whether three lieutenants to each company may be elected: Advised unanimously that no action is nec- essary at present in the case of Captain Bradford; he will no doubt soon he in Norfolk. The Governor is authorized by the law (Code of Virginia, p. 150, sec. 2, chap. 26) to allow the election of three lieuten- ants of volunteer companies whenever he may deem it expedient. It is further advised that the absence of the captain and the large size of the companies in Major Taylors battalion make this a proper case for the exercise of the discretion of the Governor. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.] M; F. MAURY. FRIDAY, April 26, 1861.* * * * * * * * Maj. Gen. Robert E. Lee nominated the following officers for appoint- ment: Samuel Jones, lieutenant-colonel of volunteers; Joseph Selden, lieutenant-colonel of volunteers; Daniel A. Langhorne, colonel; Robert Johnston, major; Lunsford L. Lomax, captain; William P. Smith, cap- tain; J. Maury Garland. captain; David Lambert, captain; H. H. Sel- den, captain; N. B. French, captain, each, of volunteers. Upon which the Governor asked the advice of the council and they unanimously advised that the appoiutments should be made a~ suggested under the authority given iu the ordiflance of convention of the 17th of April, 1861. * * * * * * * The Governor commissioned J. B. Baldwin inspector-general of vol- unteers, he having been appointed some days ago. * * * * * * * [2.] JOHN LETCHER. ~ From the Executive Journal of the State of Yirginia Page 42 42 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HDQRS. MAJ. GEN. COMDc~. FORCES IN NORFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, Va., April 26, 1861. Maj. Gen. HOBERT E. LEE, Commanding Land and Naval Forces of Virginia, Headquarters, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: Inclosed I send you, a copy of my correspondence with Flag-Officer C-. J. Pendergrast, of the U. S. Navy, in reference to sub- jects therein disclosed. I send also a copy of the conversation between him and the bearers of the flag of truce. By order of Walter C-wynn, major-general, commanding forces in Norfolk Harbor: SAML. WATTS, Aide-de- Camp. [Inolosuro No. 1.] U. S. FLAG-SHIP CUMBERLAND, Off Fortress Monroe, Va., April 25, 1861. Maj. C-en. WALTER C-wYNN, Commanding Forces in Norfolk Harbor: SIR: Your letter, under date of April 25, 1861, inclosing a communi- cation from Col. J. Dimick, was this moment handed me by Captain Jones, one of your aides, under a flag of truce. In reply to your com- munication I have to say that the schooner George M. Smith was seen with a signal of distress flying and a boat was immediately dispatched to her relief, when the steam-tug Young America was seen coming direct toward her. Thinking that the boat would not be able to bring her to a gun was fired from the ship, which had the desired effect. The said schooner was loaded with contraband of war, and was accord- ingly ordered nuder the protection of the fort, and in connection with the steam-tug Young America becomes the property of the United States Government by my order. C-. J. PENDERGIRAST, Flag- Officer, Commander-in- Chief Home i~quadron. [Inclosure No. 2.] HDQRS. MAJ. C-EN. COMDG. FORCES IN NORFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, Va., April 25, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of the A3tate of Virginia: SIR: I herewith inclose, you will find, first, a communication from me to my aide, Capt. Catesby ap It. Jones; second, a communication from me to Col. J. Dimick; third, Colonel Dimicks reply; fourth, Capt. Catesby ap H. Jones report to me. 1 have just sent my aides, Capt. C. ap IR. Jones, Col. Tazewell Taylor, and Col. Harrison Robertson, under a flag of truce, with a communication to Flag-Officer C-. J. Pen- dergrast, a copy of which I herewith inclose. As soon as his answer is received a copy of it will be transmitted to you. WALTER C-WYNN, Major- General, Commanding Forces in Norfolk Harbor. [Sub-inclosure No. 1.] HDQRS. MAJ. C-EN. CoMDG. FORCES IN NORFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, Va., April 24, 1861. Capt. CATESBY AP II. JONES, Of the Virginia State Navy and Aide-de-Camp: SIR: You will be pleased to ascertain and report to me the circum- stances under which the steam-tug Young America left this harbor this morning Page 43 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 43 By order of Walter Gwynn, major-general, commanding forces in Norfolk Harbor: HN ROBERTSON, Colonel and Aide-de-Camp. [Sub-inc1o~ure No. 2.] IIDQRS. MAJ. GEN. COMDc~. FORCES IN NORFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, Va., April 24, 18G1. COMDcf. OFFICER FORTRESS MONROE AND CASTLE CALHOUN: SIR: I send herewith my aide, Capt. Catesby ap II. Jones, with a flag of truce, to inquire into the circumstances as reported to me of the capture of the steam-tug Young America. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, Major- General, Commanding Forces in Norfolk Harbor. [Sub-inclosure No. 3.] HEADQUARTERS, Fort Monroe, Va., April 24, 18G1. Maj. Gen. WALTER GWYNN, Commanding Forces in Norfolk Harbor: GENERAL: In reply to your communication just delivered me by your aide, Capt. Catesby ap H. Jones, inqniring into the circumstances as reported to you of the capture of the steam-tug Young America, I have the honor to inform you that she was captured by Flag-Officer Pendergrast, U. S. Navy. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. DIMICK, Colonel, Commanding. [Sub-inelosure No. 4.] HDQRS. MAJ. GEN. COMD& . FORCES IN NORFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, TTa., April 24, 18G1. Maj. Gen. WALTER GWYNN, Commanding Forces in No~folk Harbor: GENERAL: In obedience to your order I have ascertained that Flag- Officer Forrest this morning granted permission to the steam-tug Young America to proceed to Hampton Roads for the purpose of tow- ing np a schooner to this port. I have also to report that the steam- tug was this evening in possession of the frigate Cumberland, 110W lying under the guns of Fortress Monroe, and it is stated that she was fired into by that vessel. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, CATESBY AP H. JONES, Captain, Virginia Navy. [Sub.inclosure No. 5.] HDQRS. MAJ. GEN. COMDG. FORCES IN NORFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, Va., April 25, 18G1. Flag-Officer G. J. PENDERGRAST, Commanding U. ~. Naval Forces now in Hampton Road8: SIR: I have the honor to inclose you a communication * from Col. J. IDimick in reply to my communication to him, from which it appears that the steam-tug Young America was captured yesterday by your See eub-inclosure No. 3 Page 44 44 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. orders. I have therefore thought proper to send my aides, Col. Taze- well Taylor, Capt. Catesby ap It. Jones, and Col. Harrison iRobertson, under a flag of truce, to inquire of you under what circumstances and by what authority the said capture was made. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, Major- General, Commanding Forces in Norfolk Harbor. [Ino1os~ire No. 3.] Memorandum of an interview had on the 25th day of April, 1861, ou board the U. S. frigate Cumberland, between Flag-Officer G. J. Pen- dergrast, U. S. Navy, and the undersigned, aides-dc-camp of Maj. Gen. Walter Gwynn, commanding the forces of the State of Virginia in Norfolk Harbor, under a flag of truce, borne by the undersigned, with a communication in writing from Major-General (lwynn to Flag- Officer Pendergrast. Having been receive(1 by Flag-Officer Pendergrast on board the frigate Cumberland and conducted to his cabin, we presented to him Major.General Gwynns communication, which being read, the flag- officer retired to his secretarys room, and after some time returned to us and said that he would answer General Gwynn~s communication in writing, but that while his answer was being prepared he would state to us verbally the circumstances under which the capture of the steam- tug Young America was made. He then stated in substance as fol- lows, viz: That on yesterday (the 24th of April) a schooner lying at anchor near the frigate Cumberland (distant some 300 or 400 yards) was observed to have an American ensign hoisted with the union down; that regarding this as a signal of distress he had ordered one of his boats to go alongside of the schooner, and the boat had accord- ingly started on that erraiid; that at the same tinie the steam-tug loung America approached the same schooner; that a shot was fired across the bows of the steam-tug from a gun iii his boat, and as that shot did not appear to bring the steam-tug to immediately he (Flag- Officer Pendergrast) ordered a gun to be fired at the steam-tug from on board the Cumberland, which was done, and the shot from the gun struck the steam-tug, but fortunately killed no one on board and did no material damage to the tug, except to pierce the upper works of the tug; that the two shots were fired in quick succession; that the steam- tug was then about 300 or 400 yards distant; that the boat immedi- ately afterwards boarded the schooner and the steam-tug and took them both, with their crews, captives; that he (Flag-Officer Pendergrast) still held the captured vessels, and intended still to hold them and their crews as captured vessels, and intended to make use of the steam-tug for the uses of the United States Government, as lie had already done since she was captured; that there were on board the steam-tug, besides the crew, two persons, one of whom was a harbor master of Norfolk, both of whom he had ordered to be set on shore at Old Point, with liberty to go wherever they pleased, and that the crews of th~ steam-tug and of the schooner were still prisoners; that the schooner, upon examination of her cargo, was found to have on board ten gun carriages, with caissons, which seemed to be adapted for light artillery use; that this fact was not known to him when he ordered the guns to be fired and the vessels to be captured; that he had not thoroughly examined the whole cargo of the schooner, but had not found any gun Page 45 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 45 or cannon or any other articles contraband of war except the above- mentioned gun carriages. Flag-Officer Pendergrast exhibited the manifest of the captured schooner, showing that she was the schooner George M. Smith, of Brook Haven, Conn., of 171 tons burden, and that she had cleared from the port of New York for the port of Wil- mington, N. C., on the2d day of April, 1861; that several vessels recently arriving in Hampton Roads and bound into Norfolk and Richmond had applied to him for advice as to what course they should pursue; that he had advised such vessels, in writing, to proceed to some Northern port and there take further advice from their consignees. He specified the vessels to which he had given such advice, viz: The schooner Sarah Jane, of Marblehead, Mass.; schooner Ann Colby, of Bucksport, Me., and the schooner Grapeshot, of Bucksport, Me. He further stated, in answer to inquiries made by the undersigned, that he had not captured or arrested any other vessels except the steani-tug Young America and the schooner George M. Smith, above mentioned; that he did not know whether he would have permitted the vessels (the schoon- ers Sarah Jane, Ann Colby, and Grapeshot, above mentioned) to go up to Norfolk if they had requested permission to do so; that he cer- tainly would not have permitted them if they had on board any muni- tions of war; that he declined to say whether vessels not having articles contraband of war on board and desiring to proceed through Hampton Roads to Norfolk or Richmond would be permitted by him to do so; that he had not made up his mind upon that subject, but expected further orders from Washington on that point to-morrow morning; that the schooner George M. Smith was then under the guns of the frigate Cumberland and Fortress Monroe. The above is the substance of all that was said by Flag- Officer Pendergrast during the interview relating to the subject-matter of the flag of truce, as far as we can recollect. This memorandum was made the same day, April 25, 1861. TAZEWELL TAYLOR, Colonel and Aide-dc- Camp. CATESB Y AP R. JONES, Captain, Virginia Nary. HN ROBERTSON, [2.] Colonel and Aide-de- Camp. Maj. Gen. ROBERT E. LEE: NORFOLK, April 26, 1861. GENERAL: Accompanying this dispatch please find a communication from Francis J. Thomas, colonel and adjutant-general Maryland forces. Be pleased to communicate to me your desire in the premises. By order of Walter Gwynn, major-general, commanding forces in Norfolk Harbor: I have the honor to be, general, your obedient servant. CHAS. F. COLLIER, Aide-de- Camp. [Inclosure.] Major-General GWYNN, NORFOLK, April 26, 1861. Commanding Virginia Forces, Norfolk: GENERAL: Having felt it best to alter my plans with reference to the transportation of my heavy ordnance to Baltimore, I take pleasur Page 46 46 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. in informing you that if a dispatch of mine to Baltimore did not reach there in time to prevent it, which I doubt, I have at Fredericksburg a large and swift steamer subject to my orders, and which I beg to place at the disposal of the Virginia authorities, should they desire to run guns or other material of war up the Potomac or elsewhere. I do not know what steamer has been sent, but presume the George Peabody. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, FRANCIS J. THOMAS, [2.] Colonel and Adjutant. General. Maj. Gen. ROBERT E. LEE, NORFOLK, April 26, 1861. Comdr. of the Land and Naval Force of the AState of Virginia: GENERAL: I herewith send you a communication from Charles Du Pont Bird,~Loyola College, Baltimore, Md., sent to me by Governor Wise. By order of Walter Gwynn, major-general, commanding forces in Norfolk Harbor: I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, CHAS. F. COLLIER, Colonel and Aide.de-Ga~np. [Inclosure.] LOYOLA COLLEGE Baltimore, April 25, 1861. A strong feeling in the two lower counties of Delaware is aroused in favor of Delaware joining the Southern Confederacy. With a man or two from you to give directions and a hint that arms and men would come if necessary, the people of Sussex themselves would destroy the Delaware railroad terminating at Seaford, on the Nanticoke. This rail- road, I am confident, the General Government of Lincoln wish to secure, that they may transport troops by the Nanticoke River to the Chesa- peake, and thence to Washingtoii by the Potomac River. A vessel or two sunk in the Nanticoke will hinder this design. There is considera- ble trestling work on the Delaware railroad near Dover which would retard that road if it were broken. The arms that Delaware owns are in the hands of the secessionists. The l)owder mills on the Brandy- wine (owned by relations of mine) should be secured at all hazards. With a not very large force, if we cannot hold them, they should be destroyed. Some of the Du Ponts are friendly to the South. If it is possible to guard these works for a few weeks the stock of powder for the Southern Confederacy would be largely increased. Information is received this a. m. that 8,000 Northern troops are at Annapolis. Do not wait for our Legislature to invite you. Start up the bay at once. If haste is not made, by Saturday night 25,000 troops will be in Wash- ington. The Legislature meets at Frederick to-morrow. Nine thousand one hundred and thirty-five was the vote polled in Baltimore for seces- sion candidates. No opposition being made, the vote was small. Come to our help. We need force at the Susquehanna to stop the hordes of the North. Respectfully, yours, and every moment waiting your orders, I am, CHARLES DU PONT BIRD, [2.1 Loyola College, Baltimore, Mid Page 47 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 47 BURNT ORDINARY, JAMES CITY COUNTY, April 26, 1861. [JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia:] MY IDEAR SIR: I ask permission to draw your attention to a subject (if it has not already been done) that I consider of much importance to the country at this time, and especially to Tide-Water Virginia. I refer to the nse of our able-bodied free negro men, between the ages of eight- een and fifty, in military service. They might be made highly useful in camp work, throwing up intrenchments and forts, and in any other way that the safety of the country might require. And besides this, it would be putting them out of harms way, thereby lessening the chances of servile insurrection, which it is well to guard against as far as possible. Again, should it ever become necessary to take Old Point Comfort they might be made to play a part in that affair greatly to the preservation of the lives of our troops without doing them any injustice as a people, assuming that the life of a white mau is as worthy of pres- ervation as that of a negro. Again, I see that many slaves have been offered to the Government by gentlemen to do camp work. I think it would save the necessity of this labor ,and whilst the slaves might be kept at work to produce bread for our army, these people by their lazy habits, were they left at home, would not increase the stock of provis- ions at all in the country. These and other reasons induce me to ask your attention to this subject, and if it shall meet your views of pro- priety, respectfully suggest that you issue a proclamation to comman- dants of regiments to call such persons into service at any time that they may think the interest of the State may require it. Yours, most respectfully, [2.] C. M. HUBBARD. iRICwvrOND, April 27, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Troops ~)ouring into Washiugton without hindrance now in great numbers. Report Governor Hicks resigned. Frank Blair says Mary- land shall be a free State if every white man has to be destroyed. Troops defacing capitol. Blockade to be extended to Virginia and North Carolina Monday. Commodore Stringham in command. Regu- lar Army and Navy to be increased to 25,000 each. No mails from Washington. Passengers come through to Alexandria per steamer. Judge Rose, from Washington, says 15,000 troops there. Public build- ings undermined. Heights Georgetown being (liligently fortified. Bal- timore papers of 26th say less excitement there. Legislature expected to call a convention. Reported at Baltimore families of Cabinet had all left. Hotels nearly empty, preparing to close. Scarcity of pro- visions in Washington. Railroad [from] Washington to Philadelphia in possession of Government. Virginia convention not elected com- missioners to Montgomery. Vice President left this muorning. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. SATURDAY, April 27, 1861.* * * * * * -* * The Governor nominated to the council Maj. Thomas J. Jackson colonel of volunteers under the ordinance of convention of 17th of April, * From tlie Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 48 48 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., 1~XCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. 1861, and asked their advice: Advised unanimously to approve the nomination. Under an ordinance of convention this day adopted the Governor submitted the nomination to the convention, and was subse- quently informed that the nomination was confirmed by the convention. Ordered that the adjutant-general issue his commission. * * * * * * * JOHN LETCHER. [2.] Present, a full council. SATURDAY, April 27, 1861.* The Governor submitted for advice information communicated by Mr. Alfred M. Barbour that there is a persoii named Ball at Harpers Ferry who is a very excellent artificer of machinery for arms, & c., and who can, he believes, construct bullet and cap machines, of which the State is in so much need: Advised unanimously that the Governor empower A. M. Barbour, esq., to organize a body of artificers, with Mr. Ball and other skillful master armorers, to build and put into operation without delay, bullet and cap machines, and that so much of the machinery of the Harpers Ferry Armory as may be required for these objects be appropriated by Mr. Barbour for this purpose and be sent to Richmond immediately. A communication from S. C. Robinson to the colonel of ordnance withdrawing his proposal to furnish 3,000 army or navy pistols, of Whitney pattern, to be delivered in part within 60 and 120 days, at $18 each, and now proposing to make them at $20 each, deliverable in the same time: Advised unanimously that the proposition now made be accepted. A communication from Vulosko Vaiden, first major Thirty-second Regiment, New Keiit County, wishing to know what must be (lone with the schooner E. 111. Parker, loaded with wood in Chickahoriiiny River, which has been taken possession of by Quartermaster Isaac H. Chris- tian; referring also to two pieces of cannon and fifty stand of arms granted to a private individual: Advised unanimously that under the proclamation of the Governor the vessel should be released. With respect to the arms, if held by unauthorized persons, they should be taken charge of by the colonel of the regiment and a report of their number and condition immediately made to the adjutant-general. A communication from J. L. Morrow, superintendemit of telegraph Richmond and iDanville Railroad, mentioning the ordinance of conven- tion authorizing the building of a telegraph line to York River and proposing to build the line: Advised unanimously that by the advice of council of the 25th instant the Governor was advised to advertise for proposals for a line from Richmond to West Point. As soon as a proposition is submitted to council the advice will be given. Communications from Thomas T. Cropper to Captain Maury, on which the Governor asks advice. Mr. Cropper says that, being perfectly ac- quainted with the coast and bay, he has no doubt he could purchase in the North and bring safely here arms, caps, cap machine, & c.: Advised unanimously that a confidential agent be employed to procure, for the immediate use of the State, percussion caps, a cap machine, and also one for bullets, or any of them, with the assurance that when they are delivered to any authorized agent of the State, within the limits of the State, a liberal compensation will be allowed. * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 49 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 49 The case of Paymaster Doran, of the U. S. Navy, apprehended and detained in Richmond: Advised unanimously that, as officers who were lately connected with the Army and Navy of the United States have been permitted to withdraw from the U. S. service without hindrance, and to return to Virginia and are still so allowed, as far as is known to the council, Paymaster Doran be permitted to pass. The Governor having nominated to the council Maj. Thomas J. Jack- son colonel of volunteers, called into service nuder the ordinance of April 17, 1861, and requested the advice of council on the appointment, the council unanimously approve of the nomination of Major Jackson as colonel of volunteers. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCiS H. SMITH. r2.] M. F. MAURY. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 3. April 27, 1861. 1. The charge, preparation, & c., of the ordnance for the troops for field service arid all its appliances are assigned to Col. C. Dimmock, colonel of ordnance, Richmond, Va. 2. The ordnance for the stationary batteries and for river and harbor defense, the preparation of , & c., is assigned to the charge of Capt. George Minor, State navy, through Capt. Samuel Barron, of the same, Richmond, Va. Officers of both services will conform their action in relation to this subject accordingly. By command of Major-General Lee: R. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- Ueneral. CONVENTION OF VIRGINIA, Richmond, April 27, 1861. General LEE: DEAR Sin: Will you permit us to ask your attention to a state of things which we regard as of great and urgent moment to our part of the Statethe northern portion of the Valley of Shenandoah f A large camp of Northern troops is now concentrating at Chambersburg, in Pennsylvania, just against and very near that part of our border. The papers inform us that one or more brigades are now there, and several others marching to join them. The object stated is to invade Virginia upon the first indication of movement on the part of our force. From the position chosen and the rich and defenseless character of our north- ern Valley counties, we believe that the first blow will fall upon our people. We are entirely without cannon, although appropriated to us by act of assembly, and urgently claimed by some of us for months past. Artillery companies at Winchester are ready to receive and use theni. Very respectfully, ROB. Y. CONRAD, JAS. MARSHALL Frederick County. EDMUND PENDLETON, Berkeley County. HUGH M. NELSON, Clarke County. ALFRED M. BARBOUR, [2.] Jefferson County. 4 R RVOL LI, PT I Page 50 50 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. RIdnMo~, VA., April 28, 1861. L. P. WALKER: The house of a secessionist named Pomfrey at Washington visited. He escaped. Four steamers passed up this morning. General Cockes headquarters moved from Alexandria to Culpeper Court-House. Gov- ernor Hicks message advises neutrality. Minister Faulkner has pie. sented our commissioners at Paris. Rumors that Federal troops will attack Alexandria, take heights and railroad. Facts in connection with General Harneys arrest at Harpers Ferry and release here to-day. Governor Letcher says General Carsons Virginia army arrested him on his way from Saint Louis to Washington under orders. He caine will- ingly on parole. Governor and council released him. Advise General Robert E. Lee and Commander Maury, hoping to win him over, liar- ney expressing Southern sentiments, his detention might interfere with further resignation of Virginia officers. Harney leaves for Washington to-morrow. Spy caught here to-day writing to Lincoln. Commissioners from Maryland here asking assistance. I). G. DUNCAN. [2.1 Present, a full council. SUNDAY, April 28, 1861.* The Governor communicated his nomination of Maj. J. C. Pemberton, late of the U. S. Army, to be lieutenant-colonel of volunteers, and J. S. Saunders to be captain of volunteers: Advised unanimously that Maj. J. C. Pemberton be appointed lieutenant-colonel of volunteers and J. S. Saunders captain of volunteers, as nominated. The Governor also submitted a communication from Peyton John- ston, a druggist, of Richmond, stating that there is at present a very limited supply of medicines and surgical instruments in this State, and suggesting that arrangements should be speedily made for their importation from Europe in British or French bottoms, and that for that purpose an agent should be sent at once to Europe: Advised unanimously that the subject be referred to the surgeon-general for information. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.j M. F. MAURY. CULPEPER COuRT-HousE, April 28, 1861. General P. ST. GEORGE COOKE, Commanding Potomac District: SIR: I have the honor to report that I ascertained from a reliable source in the State Department at Washington that there were yester- day in that city 17,000 men of all arms then quartered there, and that the number of men in Annapolis amounted to 8,000, while there were two steamers lying off that 1)ort with troops not yet disembarked. A large number of the troops in the District are occupying Georgetown Heights. From the same source, which I deem reliable, I learn that the Lincoln Government has determined to renew the attempt to open communication through Baltimore. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, F. G. SKINNER. [2.1 From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of virginia Page 51 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 51 RICHMOND, April 29, 1861. L. P. WALKER: One thousand Rhode Island and New York troops arrived in Wash- ington to-day. Martial law proclaimed. Travel not interrupted. Proclamation blockade ports in North Carolina and Virginia issued. Citizens leaving Washington in numbers. Expressions of sympathy the cause of banishment. Strong secession editorial in Baltimore Sun of Saturday. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, April 29, 1861. (Received 10.30 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Long Bridge over Potomac at Washington guarded, northern side, by large force Federal troops, south side by Virginia troops. Reported that Federal troops occupy Arlington Heights; also U. S. steamers lie off Alexandria, and all fish caught at lower landings on Potomac sent to Washington if provisions are cut off. Baltic passed down. Several arrests of persons made. Families leaving Washington. Among per- sons compelled to qnit Daniel Ratcliff, prominent lawyer. Employds navy-yard arrested loading bombs with sawdust and sand. General Scott said to be very infirm. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, April 29, 1861. (Received 1.45 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Major Patton, Virginia army, one of Harney~5 escort from Harpers Ferry, states that troops are being concentrated at Chambersburg, Pa., with a view, it is believed, of occupying the Maryland Heights, which command Harpers Ferry. That the force now there, estimated at 4,000, could not hold that point against 1,000 U. S. troops. There are too many militia generals issuing conflicting orders and creating confusion. Harney left for Washington. Hicks recommends neutrality. Many persons from Maryland taking refuge in Virginia with negroes. North- ern troops reach Washington in tj~ansports via Potomac. A member of New York Seventh Regiment, at Governor Letchers house, says many of that regiment refuse to fight the South. This regiment never in any fight with Baltimoreans. A man named Boyd shot on the island at Washington by two men for expressing secession sentiments. Ex-Presi- dent Tyler says Maryland is calling loudly for help. Send all the troops you can spare. [2.1 D. G. DUNCAN. MONDAY, April 29, 1861.* Present, a full council. The council directed their secretary to send in to the convention the following communication: COUNCIL CHAMBER, April 29, iSGi. The Honorable the PRESIDENT OF THE CONvENTION OF VIRGINIA: The Council of Three respectfully request the consideration of the convention of the accompanying sketch of the plan of an ordinance, prepared under their super- vision, in the place of and to supersede two ordinances adopted on the 27th instant, From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 52 52 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. one entitled an ordinance concerning the qnartermasters department, and the other entitled an ordinance to provide a board to whom shall be referred all claims for expenditures arising from the organization, equipment, and support of the land and naval forces called or to be called out for the defense of the Commonwealth under the present emergency. Some of the provisions of these ordinances indicate that they were drawn up without sufficient consultation between those engaged in their preparation, producing such a discrepancy and conflict between them as to render it difficult, if not impossible, to carry them into effect. It has therefore been thought advisable to combine both into one plan, such as is herewith presented, so as to produce a consistent whole, capable of being carried into prompt and systematic execution. By order of the council: P. F. HOWARD, Secretary. The Governor submitted his nomination of the following gentlemen for appointment in the volunteer service of the State: William Mahone, of Norfolk City, to be lieutenant-colonel of volunteers; Capt. John McCausland, of Mason County, to be lieutenant-colonel of volunteers; Maj. iRobert H. Chilton (late of U. S. Army), to be lieutenant-colonel of volunteers; Capt. A. S. Taylor (late U. S. Marine Corps), to be lieu- tenant-colonel of volunteers; P. It. Page, of Gloucester County, to be major of volunteers; Col. J. P. Wilson, of Cuinberland, to be major of volunteers; Maj. Alouzo Loring, of Wheeling, to be major of volunteers; Francis M. Boykin, jr., of Lewis, to be major of volunteers; Cornelius Boyle, to be major of volunteers: Advised unanimously that the appoint- ments in this nomination be made. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS II. SMITH. [2.j M. F. MAUItY. MONDAY, A 29, 1861.* On the 28th instant the Governor nominated to the council for appointment of lieutenant-colonel of volunteers Maj. J. C. Pemberton, late of the U. S. Army: Advised unanimously That the appointment be made. On the same day the Governor also nominated for their advice J. S. Saunders as a captain of volunteers: Advised unanimously that the appointment be made, and the commissions were ordered to be issued accordingly. * * * * , * * * The Governor submitted to the council for advice nominations of the following officers for the volunteer service of the State, viz: For lieu- tenant-colonels, William Mahone, of Norfolk City; John McCausland, of Mason County; Robert H. Chilton, late of the U. S. Army, and A. S. Taylor, late of the U. S. Marine Corps. For the office of major: P. ft. Page, of the county of Gloucester; J. P. Wilson, of Cumberland; Alonzo Loring, of Wheeling; Francis M. Boykin, jr., of Lewis County, and Cornelius Boyle: Advised unani- mously that the appointments be made. Ordered tha sions be issued accordingly. t the commis- JOHN LETCHEII. [2.J GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 45. 5 Uohmond, Va., April 29, 1861. The general commanding desires to impress upon all officers and agents employed in the military and naval service of the State the From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 53 CHAP. LXHI.] CORRESPONDKNCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 53 necessity of observing the strictest economy and accountability in the expenditure of public money or in the use of the credit of the State. No expenditures will be made unless duly authorized, nor will they. assume the responsibility of incurring any expense or of using the credit of the State unless the necessities of the case are so clear and imperative as not to admit of the delay of referring to the proper authority. Records and vouchers must be made and preserved for all expenditures or uses of the credit of the State, specifying the nature and necessity of the service for which they were made. They will keep all expenditures in the subsistence department (food for the men only) distinct from those of the quartermasters department, which embraces shelter for men and horses, transportation, forage, stationery, and like subjects. As soon as the exigencies of the service will permit the officers and agents of the disbursing departments of the service will be supplied with the necessary blank forms for the proper performance of their duties. By command of Major-General Lee: R. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS OF DIVISION, No. 5. 5 . Richmond, Ya., April 29, 1861. Col. John B. Magruder will assume command of all the artillery serv- ing in and about Richmond, Va. By order of General Johnston: L. L. LOMAX, [2.] Captain and Acting Assistant AI(jutant- General. IRICHNOND, April 29, 1861. General ROBERT B. LEE: SIR: Permit me to call your attention to the fact that there are some parts of the machinery at Harpers Ferryfor instance, that portion adapted to stocking and rifling the guns and profiling machineswhich it would be exceedingly difficult to have replaced in case of their loss. I would respectfully suggest the removal of such machines beyond the reach of danger at the earliest possible moment. I can add that these machines are of a lighter kind and hence the easiest moved, and also the easiest destroyed with a sledge hammer in the hands of a strong man. I am ready to serve you, if you desire it, in selecting with the aid of the master armorer and in removing it. I am, sir, truly, your obedient servant, [2.] GEG. W. MORSE. NORFOLK, April 29, 1861. Major-General GWYNN, Comdy. Fourth Mit. Div. Virginia, ffdqrs. Norfolk, Va.: SIR: I have just taken possession of 53,000 percussion caps at the jail in this city, subject to your requisition on Commodore Forrest. There are also in tIme same place 18,200 caps for Colt revolvers as also at your disposal by requisition on the commodore. Respectfully, & c., A. B. FAIRFAX, Inspector of Ordnance. [9 Page 54 54 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL [Hon. L. P. WALKER:] RICHMOND, April 30, 1861. Alexandria, April 30.National Intelligencer, 29th, contains procla- ination blockade ports of Virginia and North Carolina. Lincoln said to a military company on 27th, If the alternative is presented whether the Union is to be broken in fragments and the liberties of the people lost, or blood be shed, you will probably make the choice with which I shall not be dissatisfied. Depntations of New York merchants visited Lincoln. One urged invasion into seceded States, the other urged set- tlement, and said silver plate was being shipped to Europe in large quantities and grass would soon grow in streets. New York Seventy. first Regiment, 1,000 men, arrived in Washington 27th. Fifth Pennsyl- vania Regiment, 800 men, 28th. Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, 1,300 men, six pieces artillery, and 600 Pennsylvania and Ohio troops. Sixty. ninth New York (Irish regiment) expected from Annapolis 28th. A Southerner, from Washington this morning, says there are 16,000 to 20,000 troops there. No Virginia troops now between Alexandria and Long Bridge, which is Lees policy to avoid provoking an attack. Several secessionists have been shot in Washington. Unless encouraged and supported Maryland is powerless. South Carolina regiment still here. Synopsis Presidents message gives satisfaction to conservatives here. His com- ing is universal topic wished for by entire community. Read Camden for Campbell, commissioner to Congress. Examiner has severe edi- torial this morning on selection. Mason voted down Jenkins. Bocock and Seddon nominated. Hunter chosen without opposition. The other commissioners were submissionists. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.1 AN ORDINANCE concerning the distribution of arms. Be it ordained, That Major-General Lee be, and he is hereby, empow- ered to issue arms to such parties as, in his discretion, the public defense requires, and as the condition of the State will in his judgment allow, under such terms and restrictions as he may deem proper for the pres- ervation awl return of the arms when required. Adopted by the convention of Virginia April 30, 1861. JNO. L. EUBANK, [2.] & cretary of Convention. TUESDAY, April 30, 1861.* Present, Judge John J. Allen, president, and Col. Francis H. Smith and Capt. M. F. Maury. The following ordinance of the convention, passed on yesterday, was ordered to be entered in the journal of the council: Be it ordained, That the Advisory Council of the Governox of this Commonwealth be, and the same is hereby, increased to five, and that the Lieutenant-Governor shall be ex officio one of the five members. Present, R. L. Montague, Lieutenant-Governor. In accordance with the provision of the foregoing ordinance the Hon. Robert L. Montague, Lieutenant-Governor, appeared in council and requested the entry of his attendance as a member of the same, which the council hereby order. Absent, Lieutenant-Governor Montague. * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 55 CHAP. LXIII.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 55 The Governor submitted for advice a communication from C. H. Mason containing estimates of the cost of building and keeping in condition a railroad from Strasburg to Winchester and suggesting, as what he deems a better plan, that troops and baggage may be transported in a few. hours between those points in omnibuses and wagons, present- ing also an estimate of the cost per month of that mode of transpor- tation: Advised unanimously that this subject be referred to the quartermaster-general of the army, as his dnty under the ordinance of convention comprehends the transportation of troops and supplies. The Governor nominated Robert J. Echols, W. Leigh Burton, and Thomas L. Preston for captains of volunteers: Advised unanimously that appointments be made according to this nomination. The Governor further submitted for advice a communication from the Hon. John B. Floyd, who states that he has had constructed a breech-loading cannon, which, in his opinion, is a great improvement on the ordinary held gun; that the experiments made with it have been satisfactory, and competent officers have pronounced it the most superior gun of the sort yet constructed, decidedly superior to the Armstrong gun. He proposes, if the Ordnance Department will bear the expense, to have one or more constructed for the State: Advised unanimously that the colonel of ordnance ascertain what would be the probable cost of such experimental guns, the time required to prepare them, and whether they could be made in Richmond without interrupt- ing the operations of establishments now engaged in service for the State. A report from Charles Bell Gibson, surgeon-general, upon the sug. gestion made by Mr. Peyton Johnston, and referred to the surgeon- general on Sunday last, in reference to the expediency of procuring speedily a supply of medicines and surgical instruments from Europe, approving that suggestion and advising that an agent be sent to Europe without delay for that purpose. The surgeon-general adds that he will be prepared in twenty-four hours after the decision of the council to specify the instruments and medicines required and to recommend an agent: Advised unaniinonsly that the surgeon-general be requested to make an estimate of what will be requfred and its probable cost that he communicate with Baltimore by way of Harpers Ferry and telegraph to New Orleans, Charleston, and Savannah to ascertain how far his demand may be met at either of these places; and that he afterward confer with the Surgeon-Generals Office of the Confederate States. A communication signed Robert Southgate, senior surgeon, ox officio medical director, and dated from hospital depai-tment, Norfolk Har- bor, notifying to Dr. Edward G. iligginbotham his appointment as assistant surgeon to the Virginia forces, with the rank of first lieuten- ant. Advised unanimously that nuder the ordinance of convention surgeons and assistant surgeons are to be appointed by the Governor by and with the consent of council. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. [2.] M. F. MAURY. GENERAL HEADQUARTERS, ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, April 30, 1861. All the arms of the State in depot at Richmond, Lexington, or else- where, together with such as may be received from all sources here- after, are placed at the disposal of Major-General Lee, general-in-chief Page 56 56 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL and none will be issued except upon his order direct, or through this office, as he may find most convenient. The adjutant-general will call upon General Lee in person and explain to him what has been the course of issues heretofore under the laws of the State. By command: WM. H. R1CIIAT~DSON, [2.] Adjutant- (leneral. General It. E. LEE, NORFOLK, April 30, 1861. Commander-in. Chief: Captain Fairfax, inspector of ordnance of the navy, has been desired by the general commanding the military district to restore to this yard the guns, six in number, now on board a vessel destined for Baltimore via Albemarle Sound, and informed that no guns will be sent to Mary- land without his (the generals) order. This conflicts with the order per telegram of Governor Letcher to me of 28th instant requiring the guns to be sent according to the directions of Mr. Parks, acting as agent for Adjutant-General Thomas, of Maryland. These directions contemplate the sending of forty-nine heavy guns. Your instructions are requested to prevent a conflict between the military and naval authorities here. F. FORIREST, [2.] Commandant. LYNCHBURQ VA., April 30, 186111 p. m. Major.General LEE, Commander-in- Chief Virginia Forces: SIR: Having found an altogether unexpected condition of things on my arrival at this post, viz, the presence of Confederate Army officers sent here to perform for the troops (expected to arrive from the South) the same duty assigned to me by your orders, I determined, on consid- erations of economy, to co-operate with those gentlemen, giving them the precedence, and assisting them in their arrangements, as far as I could, inasmuch as they were spending their own money. At the same time, however, I placed myself in an attitude for instructions by inform- ing you, by telegraph, of my situation. In my orders the expression Troops that might arrive from time to time and report to you was used. That expression may refer to Virginia troops, and that is a point upon which I have been awaiting instructions, not being willing to use the credit of the State unnecessarily. A letter of instructions was promised me in a dispatch from the adjutant-general, but none came. I shall, therefore, under the apprehension that troops falling especially under my care may arrive at any time, proceed to carry out the arrangements which were suspended on account of the considera- tions above mentioned. It would greatly facilitate i~e in this work to know about what number I had to provide for. I take this course, feeling confident that if it does not meet with your approbation I shall be able to turn over all stores for which I may become liable to the Con- federate authorities here. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant D. A. LANGIIORNE, [2.] Colonel, Virginia Volunteers Page 57 CHAP. LXIII.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONPEDERATE. 51 MONTGOMERY, April 30, 1861. S. BASSETT FRENCH, Aide-dc- Camp to Governor of Virginia, Richmond: I am instructed by the Secretary of War ~o say that the twenty old- pattern carronades are wanted at Wilmington, unless they have been included in the ordnance already sent.* S. COOPER, [1.] Adjutant and Inspector General. WINCHESTER, Tuesday Night, [April 30, 1861.1 Col. G. W. MIYNFORD: Mv DEAR SIR: The accompanying papers were designed to be inclosed to iRo. Xl. Conrad, esq., or Mr. Marshall, his colleague in the convention, but as both of them may be absent from your city when this reaches it, will you excuse me for placing them under cover to you, with a request that if either of the gentlemen I have named shall be in Richmond you will hand them over to one of them; and if not. that then you will place them at once in the hands of General Lee. Yery truly, yours, .~-. II. SHERRARD. [Inclosure.] WINCHESTER, April 30, 1861. Ro. Xl. CONRAD, Esq.: Mv DEAR SIR: So tardy and irregular are our mails, even between this and Richmond, where, so far as we know, there is no cause for it arising out of the general disturbed condition of the country, that II have only just now received yours of the 27th. My attention had been attracted, as yours has been, to the suspicious assemblage of a large and increasing military force at Chambersburg, in Pennsylvania, which is undoubtedly the very point of all others at which a hostile force designed for operations in the Valley, or for the capture of Harpers Ferry, would most probably be concentrated. The whole force at the latter point, rank aud file, is about 2,000. I had been nuder the impression until a day cr two ago that it was as much as 5 000- but the , , figures I give you are reliable unless the number has been varied within the last two days. In general they are an uncommonly fine body of volunteers, and the cavalry especially is of the best description; but there is said to be a great deficiency in the quality of the arms, in the quantity and quality of the artillery, and a deplorably inadequate sup- ply of ammunition. The presence there of Colonel Jackson, who went on yesterday, will, it is to be hoped, supply another deficiency which had been sorely felt. At this place we have no military force except a fragment of the Continentals (about thirty men). All the other volun- teer companies of the town and county who have arms are at Harper~s Ferry, and the same may be said of the volunteers of the neighboring counties, except those of Hampshire and Hardy, who are kept at home by the want of ammunition, which they find it impossible to obtain in any quarter. I had a letter yesterday from William A. Vance, of Rom- ney, who informed me that they had been writing to Richmond for the preceding ten days for arms and ammunition, and had not even received an ans~Ver to their letters, and mentioned further that a good deal of This in reply to French to Walker, April 29, Yol. I, p. 488 Page 58 58 MD., E. N. C., PA.~ VA., EXCEPT S. W. & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. uneasiness was felt for fear of a rising of their negroes, of which he thought there were indications. So in Hardy they have several vohrn- teer companies, but no ammunitionliterally none. Young Alexander has been here for two or three days past to procure a supply, bat as none was to be had here he went to Harpers Ferry, in the hopes of obtaining it there; but it was like going to the goats house for wool, and he has now written to Richmond. If there is a supply of powder in the State, it should certainly be promptly distributed where it is so much needed. To meet the hosts who are arming against us, we should at least be provided with articles so indispensably necessary as powder and ball. We have not a piece of artillery nearer Winchester than Harpers Ferry, and our own home guards are without arms of any kind except one in ten of us who may have a revolver, a musket, or a rifle, and fifty well-armed men could capture the town as easily as old John Brown captured Harpers Ferry. Angus W. McDonald, who has been at Harpers Ferry since the day before the burning of the arsenal, has made himself exceedingly useful there by employing himself very dili- gently in a close examination and personal inspection of all the passes, highways, and byways leading to our border from the enemy~s country, and especially from the direction of .Chambersburg and Carlisle. In addition to this he has men in his employment who are bringing him daily intelligence of what is passing at Chambersburg and along that part of the Pennsylvania border, so that if his agents are reliable we cannot be reached without notice. Parker, Williams, and Barton, according toyonr suggestion, havejust left my house, where we have been iu conference for the last two hours, and we have prepared a letter to General Lee, which Twill inclose with this. You mentioned that you will probably be at home to-morrow. I do not know whether I am to infer from that you expect the convention to adjourn immediately. If so, neither you nor Marshall will be in Richmond when this arrives there, and it has occurred to me, therefore, as a best means of securing our object in that instance, to inclose this with the letter to General Lee, under care to Colonel Munford, with a request that in the absence of yourself and Marshall he will place the letter to General Lee in his hands at once. I write very hurriedly, as the postmaster is keeping his office open for me past his hours to mail my letter. Yours, very truly, J. H. SHEIRRARD. [Sub-inclosure.] WINCHESTER, April 30, 18G1. Major-General LEE: DEAR SIR: As citizens of the town of Winchester we deem it our duty to call your attention to the defenseless condition of the place and of all the region of country which lies between this and the Pennsyl- vania border, the quarter from which an attack on this part of Virginia is to be apprehended. Our distance from the Pennsylvania line is not over forty miles, and at Chambersburg, within a days travel, we are informed a large force of INorthern troops is concentrating, already numbering, as reported, 5,000, and with daily accessions. If the enemy is designed for offensive operations, their destination is doubtless the Valley of Virginia, which may be reached at Harpers Ferry, Shepherds- town, or Martin sbnrg, where there are bridges, ferries, and turnpike roads, to say nothing of intermediate points and points higher up th Page 59 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 59 Potomac, where the tran~4t across Maryland is only a few miles; at one place (Hancock) only one mile and a half. To repel this invasion, should it come, we have at Harpers Ferry, all told, not over 2,500 troops, made up promiscuously of raw and nninstructed volunteers, who have entered the service at a moments warning, without arms or uniforms, and some pretty well armed and drilled companies. To form this force at the Ferry, all the organized companies of this part of the Valley have been required, so that this town and other towns above mentioned, and the whole line of frontier from Harpers Ferry to the head of the Potomac, is utterly defenseless. To repel an enemy at this point we have in and about the town no artillery, not fifty muskets, and literally no arms of any kind. We have remaining in the town a company of aged and middle-aged men, organized into what is called the home guard, ready to fight to the death in defense of theirliomes, but with nothing to fight with. In the neighboring country, which is populous, there is a large force of the ordinary militia, but wholly undisciplined, unorganized, and unarmed, and they have no officers who have any training or effi- ciency for active service. We submit these facts to your consideration and commend them to your earnest and anxious attention. If devasta- tion and plunder are to form a part of the system of this war, this is certainly an inviting field for it. This was selected as the theater of John Browns raid, and if the destruction of slavery and the liberation of sh~ves is an object with our enemy, as it is proclaimed to be a chief object, these Northern troops will be apt to follow the footsteps of their great file leader. We make free to suggest that good drill officers be sent in sufficient numbers to this section of country, around whom vol- unteer companies can be rallied, and above all, that arms and ammu- nition be promptly furnished to men who are willing to fight but in their condition are perfectly impotent. in the article of ammunition we are even more deficient than in arms. Very respectfully, RICHARD PARKER. J. H. SHERRARD. P. WILLIAMS. [2.] D. W. BARTON. RICHMOND, May 1, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Alexandria much excited by rumors of contemplated occupation by Federal forces. Warned by Washingtonians that it is certainly intended. Our scouts fired upon last night on our side of Aqueduct. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 1, 1861. (Received 10.35 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Senator James IVE. Mason arrived from Maryland Legislature. Speaks encouragingly. Maryland probably secession. Long Bridge across Potomac guarded, northern side by eight pieces of artillery and large force infantry. Baltimore and Norfolk boat stopped running. D. G. DUNCAN. [2. Page 60 60 MD., E, N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [Cuip. LXTII. WEDNESDAY, May 1, 18G1.* Present, John J. Allen, president~ Fran an(1 Robert L. Montague. , cis II. Smith, M. F. Manry, The Governor submitted for advice the following subjects: An order from William II. C. Whiting, inspector-general of North Carolina, to Capt. J. C. McRae, ordnance inspector at Wilmington, to proceed to Richmond and consult Governor Letcher relative to twenty 32-pounder carronade gunswith deck carriages, to be had at Norfolk, for the transfer of which he states that authority has beeu obtained from the Secretary of War of the Confederate States. The order directs Captain Mcltae, after obtaining authority from Governor Letcher, to proceed to Norfolk and have the guns and carriages, if possible, shippedtwelve to New Berlle and eight to Wilmington: Advised unanimously that the guns be supplied, if they can be spared. Absent, R. L. Montague. Certain nominations now under consideration by the convention: Advised unanimously that the Governor request the convention to permit the withdrawal of the nominations of Maj. Gen. Walter Gwynn and Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. And they further advise that inasmuch as it is nnderstood to be the purpose of the convention from motives of public policy to appoint but one major-general, the Governor appoint Walter Gwynn a brigadier-general of volunteers and Joseph E. Johnston a brigadier-general of the Provisional Army. - A communication from Capt. TI. L. Page, naval aide-dc-camp, stating that the midshipmen of the Annapolis school from Virginia have resigned and tendered their services to their native State, suggesting the establishment of a temporary schoolship for them at Norfolk for drill, & c., until their services may be wanted for special duties: Advised unanimously that the services of these gentlemen be accepted, and that they be detailed on duty with the batteries now in the course of erection on our rivers, or wherever else their services may be most needed.I Areportfrom Captain Barron relative to steamer Jamestown: Advised unanimously that the steamer Jamestown, detained here, be released and turned over to her owners, it being now ascertained that she is unfit for the service of the State. A communication from Edward C. Marshall, president of the Manas- sas Gap Railroad Company, calling attention to the situation of a quantity of iron rails imported by that company now lying in bond at the wharf in Alexandria, stating that the custom-house at that place is still in the hands of the United States Government, and that the officers will give information of any attempt of the company to remove the rails without paying duty, which the company is unwilling to pay, and to pay in gold. That the United States Government could readily take away these rails on board a man-of-war in one night, and the least justification might tempt them to do so, as they might be useful for the operations in and around Washington, while it would take a consider- able time for the company to remove them. He suggests that orders of the Governor for the removal of the rails on State account would relieve the security for the duty from responsibility, and also the col- lector, and quiet the apprehensions of the people of Alexandria: Advised unanimously that the Governor give directions to abstain from interfering for the present in any way with the custom-house at Alexandria. * Prom proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia. I For portion here omitted, see Vol. II, p. 793 Page 61 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 61 A communication from the surgeon-general, inclosing an estimate of the medicines and surgical instruments which will be required for the Army of Virginia, amounting to $33,525.20, the estimate being only one-half of the standard of supplies for the U. S. Army. He states that he has telegraphed to New Orleans, Memphis, and Louisville, and has as yet received no reply, but believes that nothing can be expected from those cities that he understands from Surgeon-General Gibbes, of South Carolina, who has just left Richmond, that nothing can be had from Charleston or Savannah. Baltimore he has not communicated with, because he has just received from that city as full a supply of surgical instruments as could be furnished, though the supply received was a mere trifle. Some of the medicines, he hopes, may be obtained in Baltimore, but deems it improbable that they could be had in the quantities required. He says that no agent has yet been sent to that city, as he supposes it must be necessary to send to England or France for them, and if so, that economy would be promoted by ordering them there in full quantities: Advised unanimously that these instruments and medicines are essential and must be procured, the surgeon-general receiving instructions to keep himself within the estimates. * * * * * * * JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAULtY. [2.] RO. L. MONTAGUE. NORFOLK, May 1, 1861. Col. R. S. GARNETT, Adjutant- General: SIR: I have just been informed at headquarters that a requisition had been made for arms for the use of the Virginia forces stationed here. Having failed in my application at Richmond for arms for the light infantry company under my command, which was this day inns- tered into service, I take the liberty of stating some reasons why we should be supplied, and if in so doing I transcend the rules of military etiquette I hope I may be pardoned. A strict blockade has been estab- lished by the Federal authorities with a sufficient power to enforce it, and all communication, even with other ports in Virginia, has been cut oIL Vessels have been for the past few days constantly employed in making soundings from Cape Henry Light-House to the barricades in the channel of the Elizabeth River, a few miles below this city. There can be no doubt that preparations are being made by the Federal troops to attempt to repossess the magazine at Fort Norfolk, the navy-yard at Gosport, and other public property, and unless we are speedily placed in possession of arms, or re-enforcements sent, we shall be powerless to resist a lar~e lauded forces and to render us more defenseless it were an easy matter for the enemy to proceed up Nansemond Wiver aiA ~c~roy the Seaboard and Norfolk and Petersburg Railroads, at or near Suffolk, au& thus cut off all means of transportation of troops from Richmond XLL X\~XX~ %~\ u~ ~ wiUing VA ~ tire 4eeo,nlruig dishetirtefled, in fact, demoralized for want of arms. They know our exposed condition, and that we have not the power t Page 62 62 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. resist a large attacking force by land. Federal troops can be landed on the Nansemond River and marched to the rear of the navy.yard. Others can be landed at Sewells Point, Ocean View, or some other point on the coast, whilst a demonstration can be made by water. Should such be their design, which to my mind seems most feasible, and the attacks are simultaneous, our small and half armed forces would necessarily be divided and weakened. I do not, however, presume to advise, but have deemed it my [duty] to make the statements, and to beg that effi- cient arms may be placed in our hands with which to defend ourselves and uphold the honor of the State. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WILLIAM N. MCKENNEY, [2.] Senator from Norfolk City. COM1~IANDANTS OFFICE, NAVY-YARD AND STATION, Gosjport, Va., May 1, 1861. Major-General GWYNN Commanding Poces, Norfolk, Va.: SIR: Believing it to be the design of the late United States to make a descent on this station in order to correct their recent error, I feel called upon to suggest to you, in view of the immense value of the pub- lic buildings, guns, and other stores exposed, that a competent military force be placed near to resist all efforts on their part. I have, in fact, indirectly learned that the full powers of the late Government will be directed to this point, probably via Pig Point, on the Nansemond. Could you, general, place such a force in this neighborhood as in your judgment could properly repel them l Last night we could muster only seventy-three men nuder arms in the yard, and scarcely forty men from the town appeared, and only two with suitable arms. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, -F. FORREST, [2.] Commandant. IIDQRS. MAJ. (lEN. COMDG. FORCES NORFOLK HAREOR, Norfolk, Va., May 1, 1861. Flag.Offlcer FRENCH FORREST, Commanding Navy- Yard, Gosport: COMMODORE: Your communication of this date s~hall receive due and immediate attention. It is in contemplation to erect a battery at Pig Point and to establish a line of vedettes there. A sufficient force, and if necessary the whole force nuder my command, will be in readiness to repel an attack on the yard. The necessary order for this object will be issued in due time. With much respect, your obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, [2.] Major- General, Commanding Forces Norfolk Harbor. WINCHESTER, VA., May 1, 1861. General ROBERT B. LEE: SlR: Though personally unknown to you, I take the liberty of address- ing you this letter. There is now, it is said, under arms at Chambers- burg, Pa., a large military force, designed, it is thought, to act upo Page 63 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 63 the nearest important points iu Virginia. Martinsburg, the seat of justice for the county of Berkeley, Va., is such a point. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad passes through or immediately by it, and has there one of its most important stations for the repair, & c., of its engines, & c. The military occupation of that place would in a material degree give a hostile force the control of that great work. There is a railroad from Chambersburg to ilagerstown, and the latter place is distant from Martinsburg only about fourteen or fifteen miles, and the entire dis- tance from Chambersburg to Martinsburg, even if from the former place to ilagerstown there was not a railroad, does not much, if any, exceed a days march. In consideration of the motive which prompts it, I trust you will pardon the liberty I take in addressing this commu- nication to you. With highest respect, I remain, your obedient servant, & c., [2.] RICHARD E. BYRD. RICHMOND, May 2, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Virginia convention adjourned till 12th of June. Maryland Legisla- ture adopted without division majority report committee on federal relations to effect Legislature has no power to pass secession ordinance. Governor of New York asks Seward will there not be requisition for more troops from this State. Seward answers 40,000 more volunteers for three years or during the war. Washington, ]Ifay 1.New York Seventh Regiment refuses to take Lincolns oath; refuse to fight against Virginia and Maryland. Procla- mation of martial law promulgated by Lincoln to-day divides Maryland into four military districts. Fifth Military District embraces District of Columbia and includes Alexandria. Under this order inoffensive citizens were driven from their families and expelled at the point of the bayonet. Respectable families grossly insulted by volunteers. A gentleman just arrived saw General Scott, who said he would not invade seceded States, but would retake Harpers Ferry and forts at any cost. Lincoln exercised about provisioning large force now in Washington. Estimated 20,000 to 25,000. D. G. DITNCAN. [2.] PRIVATE.] NORFOLK, [May] 2, 1861. General li. E. LEE: This harbor is completely blockaded. The boat from Baltimore was stopped yesterday at the Point. The passengers were sent ashore and the boat sent back to Baltimore. The passengers, save one who was detained, were permitted to come up to this city in the afternoon by the Coffee from Hampton. The captain of the steamer Coffee was notified that if he attempted another trip to Hampton his vessel would be detained. Thus all water communication is cut off. The following notice was sent up on yesterday to this city: U. S. FLAG-SHIP CUMBERLAND, Off Fortress Monroe, Va., 4prfl 30, 1861. To all who,m it may concern: I hereby call attention to the proclamation of His Excellency Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, under date of April 27, 1861, for an efficient blockade of the ports of Virginia and North Carolina~, and warn all persons interested that I have a snfficient naval force here for the purpose of carrying out that proclamation Page 64 64 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. All vessels passing the capes of Virginia coming from a distance and ignorant of 4he proclamation will be warned off, and those passing Fortress Monroe will be requested to anchor under the guns of the fort and subject themselves to an examination. G. J. PENDERGRAST, Flag- Officer, Commanding Home Squadron. The troops from Suffolk, some 300, have been brought down to this place. That town is defenseless now. The Nansemond River approaches undefended. The enemy in a night might throw a party into this town and destroy the Seaboard Railroad and the Norfolk and Petersburg Railway. There is considerable state of alarm here. The troops are not free from this, not on account of their own persons, but they feel the want of organization. They lack confidence. Skillful officers are greatly needed here. General Gwynn is greatly harassed with busi- ness which should be attended to by others who understaiid the duties of their position. Doctor Archer, of Richmond, Doctor Simpkins, and Captain Sinclair go up on the train to-day; they will give you informa- tion not proper for me to telegraph. Suffolk, the mouth of the Nause- mond River, and Pagan Creek, leading to the town of Smithfield, need attention to protect the town of Smithfield. A small battery upon Pagan Creek wonld effectually secure this place. This is below Bar- wells Bay, and is thought by gentlemen of intelligence, fully acquainted with James River, to be a more suitable place for a battery than Bur- wells Bay. Ten thousand men are absolutely necessary for the efficient defense of the public property in and about this place. S. BASSETT FRENCII. [2.] RJCWVIOND, ii/iay 3, 1861. L. P. WAL~En: Alexandria, 24.Great excitement here. Troops expected from Washington to give effect to proclamation law. Alexandria unprepared to oppose attack. Opinion grows stronger that Lincoln will strike Vir- ginia when twenty days notice expires, Sunday next. Pressure from North very strong for bold operations. Captain Armstrong found guilty by court-martial for surrender Pensacola navy-yard; suspended five years, half without pay. Merchants here moving goods, furniture, and families to country from approaching attack. Norfolk, 2d.Federal ships sounding Nansemond River. Suppose contemplate cutting off Petersburg and Richmond from connection with Norfolk. Blockade effectual. All steamers tnrned back with orders not to come again. Pendergrast issued notice from flag-ship Cuinber. land off Fort Monroe. Depot Richmond crowded by thousands daily expecting President Davis. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 4, 1861. (Received 8.20 p. m. 5th.) L. P. WALKER: Faulkner had interview with French foreign minister, Thouvenel, who said the practice was now clearly understood to recognize governments once clearly established beyond dispute, and when the new American Government arrived at the point he presumed it would be recognized. Thouvenel then demanded information on subject of new tariff, which he said so deeply affected French commerce. Faulkner answered. the tariff would be modified by extra session of Congress Page 65 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 65 Norfolk, 4th.Bay Line permitted to resume trips for mails and pas- sengers. British ship Hiawatha, from Liverpool, with salt for Rich- mond, boarded at Old Point by U. S. ship Cumberland. Captain was told by Commander Pendergrast that Virginians would seize and appropriate his vessel. Captain, notwithstanding, camo on and arrived, but was shot at twice by Pendergrast. He intends complaining to his Government. Washington, 34.Capt. Montgomery C. Meigs arrive(l from Fort Pick- ens. Reports 1,000 men in fort, and provisions so as to make its reduc- tion utterly impossible for six months. Maryland Legislature appointed a commissioner to Richmond and commissioners to Washington, of whom one is Robert McLane. Scarcity of gold in Washington Treas- ury; cannot pay employ~s. Million of gold coming from New York in a war steamer. Attorney-General Bates opinion is that retrocession of Alexandria to Virginia is unconstitutional, and this including [is in- cluded] in proclamation declaring Fifth Military District. Commodore Paulding notified Chase he would be arrested as [sic] secessionist. Order rescinded. Restriction Fairfax, Va., farmers visiting Washington mar- ket. State Department, Washington, answers to diplomatic corps in- quiries respecting blockade. First, vessels in blockaded ports would be allowed reasonable time to depart; second, vessels bringing emigrants would not be allowed to enter, but recommended to enter an open port. Washington Government received intelligence by Adriatic Minister Faulkner had presented commissioners of the Southern Confederacy. Dallas refused reception until instructions from Washington. Faulk- ner presented them in violation of his instructions. Reported English and French ministers at Washington had protested to Montgomery Government against issuing letters of rnarque. Impression in diplo- matic circles is that Montgomery Government would not take this responsibility against such protest. Reported Government has pur- chased twenty-nine additional vessels and will, within twenty days, blockade every Southern port. Reported from Washington Judge Campbells resignation. General Harney reported courteous treatment from Virginia authorities, and said he will command troops at Wash- ington. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RiCHMOND, May 5, 1861. (Received 10 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: I am convinced, with other intelligent persons capable of judging, it there is not deception in councils of Virginia, there is a want of har. mony with your Government. Chaos and confusion reign here and squabbles about rank. Some of the troops, dissatisfied, threateu to go home. On the part of some there is a want of confidence in Governor Letcher and General Lee. It is intimated by good authority Scott will attempt to retake Harpers Ferry, Alexandria, Norfolk, before vote secession ordinance this State [sic]. Pressure from North on Washing- ton increasing. New York papers advocate strenuously such aggres- sions. General Beauregard notified by competent judge of immediate necessity of the presence of an unquestioned head here, say a brigadier- general, Confederate Army, else few days more will demoralize and confound the whole movement. Maryland is crushed and lost to us, although her people are undoubtedly with us, simply because they can- not resist Federal power. Encouragement and assistance would have 5 It ItVOL LI, PT I Page 66 66 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. saved her. I learn General Lee is troubled about rank, while Bonham and Beauregard are willing to serve under him. President Davis presence is ardently desired by troops and whole people. Scott has ordered Wool back to Troy in brief, sharp, snubbing letter, requesting him not to in-terfere with the orders of General-in-Chief. Senator Hunter leaves for Montgomery to-morrow, and, I believe, holds the same views respecting affairs here indicated in this dispatch. iDispatch just received (9.30 p. in.) from Alexandria says it is expected that city will be occupied by Federal troops to-morrow via Long Bridge. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.1 HARPERS FERRY, Allay 5, 1861. [Hon. L. P. WALKER:] SIR: I have the honor to report that 480 Kentuckians, under my command, have reached here. There are only six companies with me, but I expect three more about the 8th, probably of 100 men each, and the remaining company should be here by the last of the week. Some four other companies are organizing in Kentucky and desire to be attached to my command, and I have directed them to come on as soon as they are ready, and I would see that a proper disposition was made of them. They desire to be under my command, and I wish very much that you would accord that privilege if not in violation of your regula- tions. Having failed to get any response from G. W. Smith, whom I desired to take command, and my men being unwilling to serve un(ler any other person than him or mysel~ you can give me the commission is colonel. The gentleman selected for major has not yet arrived, but I will make arrangements here to get good Virginia officers to act temporarily a~ major and lieutenant-colonel, and if Colonel Smith should within any short period signify his willingness to come to us I will resign and take the position of lieutenant colonel. There being no muster-rolls or directions in regard to mustering in my men, I will delay sending you the names of officers and their muster-rolls, and that will allow the stragglers left at various points time to reach here. My com- mand would number about 310 if all were with me who started. Though I have, perhaps, moved off from Kentucky without express orders from your Department, I presume that you acquiesced in the movement, or you would have telegraphed to me not to come here when apprised of my intentions. The moral effect of our presence has been magnificent, and our trip through East Tennessee and Virginia was marked with the utmost enthusiasm. Every railroad station had an assemblage, and we were greeted with kindness and shouts of welcome. That my men will do good Service it is scarcely necessary for me to assert. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, [2.] BLANTON DUNCAN. SPRING BANK, VA., NEAR ALEXANDRIA, May 5, 1SG1.* General 11. E. LEE, the Military Forces of Virginia, Richmond, Va.: DEAR SIR: I had the honor of your acquaintance in your youth, and I am sure you will recognize me in my old age. I beg, therefore, most respectfully, to ask your attention, as the commander-in-chief of the military forces of Virginia, to the condition of things on this exposed For reply, see Washington to Mason, vol. II, p. 815 Page 67 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 67 frontier. We cannot disguise from ourselves that the country is in a state of war. Kot only are our ports blockaded and our navigable waters held by armed vessels, but the forts on our limits are filled with troops, while armed thousands are encamped on our border, and these thousands are not regular and disciplined soldiers, but fanatics and lawless ruffians ready for every outrage and violence. My residence, as you will possibly recollect, beiiig so near the place of your nativity, is within that crescent formed by the Potomac in its course from Fort Washington to the late Federal city. The chord of this arc for half its distance is constituted by the most direct highway leading through Alexandria to Fredericksburg, and which passes by my door, and which chord is nowhere more than a mile from the navigable waters of the Potomac. Within this territory below Alexandria we have but a very sparse white population, and more than half of that being now Yankee settlers. Since the secession of Virginia all or nearly all of their young men have fled to Lincolns camp, unwilling to take up arms in defense of the State. Of our native population we have not half a dozen men subject to militia duty; the rest are old men, women, and children, with many slaves to watch over and our houses to guard. We have not men enough of any age sufficient to form even a patrol to look out for and warn us of impending danger or stop our slaves should they abscond. Surrounded on three sides by the Potomac and its tributaries, we are completely open to the incursions of marauding parties at all times, and thu likewise affords the greatest facility to the escape of our slaves. We are directly in the track of invasion, should it be attempted. Though there have been stationed at Alexandria for weeks past some hundreds of troops, their guards have never been extended in this direc- tion beyond the limits of the town farther than the northern cud of Hunting Creek bridge, and there has never been at any time, as far as I can learn, even a patrol of horse and foot anywhere, either along the roads or shores below Alexandria. With the Kansas ruffians and mur- derers brought to Washington and the hordes of Northern outcasts constituting the armed assemblage there and in its vicinity, the whole navigation of the river and its tributaries under their control, we must naturally look for incursions and depredations on this defenseless region. The violence, outrage, and murder perpetrated lately iu Wash- ington under the very eyes of the Government on men even suspected of Southern sentiments is a warning of what we may constantly antici- pate here. I therefore most respectfully but earnestly call your atten- tion to our situation. It is not for me to presume to even intimate a suggestion as to military movements, but I am sure you will cheerfnlly recognize our claim to protection. With great respect and esteem, yours, G. MASON. P. S.As I have seen from yesterdays papers that my intimate friend and old neighbor, John A. Washington, esq., late of Mount Vernon, is a member of your staff; I have to-day written to lilin in detail on this subject, and beg to refer you to him for particulars. [2.] GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 10. Pichmond, Va., May 5, 18G1. Troops called out under the proclamation of the Governor of the State of the 3d instant* will be accepted and mustered into the service See Vol. II, p. 797 Page 68 68 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. only by companies, and for the period of one year, unless sooner- dis- charged. Companies offering themselves for service should address their applications, which should state their strength and the number description, and caliber of their arms, to the mustering officer Virginia volunteers, at the place of rendezvous appointed for their county in the schedule appended to the Governors proclamation. The instructions given to this officer will enable him to reply definitely to all such applications. By order of 1~Iajor-General Lee: li. S. GAT~NETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 11. Richmond, Va., illiay 5, 1861. Officers assigned to the duty of inspecting and mustering into the service of the State the volunteers called out under the proclamation of the Governor of the 3d instant* are instructed to apply without delay to the inspector-general of the State forces in this city for the necessary blank muster-rolls, if they have not already been supplied. In accepting companies for the service, they will be governed, as to organization, & c., by the laws and ordinances of the State, and will give preference to those companies which present themselves already armed. They will see that the muster-rolls are made out as required by the printed notes, and wheu mustered in will cause the company commander to prepare a return of his company, showing its strength and organization, the number, description, caliber, and condition of their arms, equipments, and ammunition. He will certify to the nurn- ber and description of the arms and ammunition which may be neces- sary, in his judgment, to equip the company if there be any deficiency in either, and forward the return without delay to the adjutant-general of the Virginia forces in Richmond. Jn view of the supply of arms at present on hand and the necessity of economy, mustering officers will recommend all volunteers under the proclamation to come to their ren- dezvous provided with such arms as they may already have, with one extra pair of good walking shoes, one blanket, and such other light conveniences as they can easily carry themselves on the march. By order of Major-General Lee: R. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant. General. L. P. WALKER: RICHMOND, May 6, 1861. Caddo Rifles, Louisiana Guards, Emmet Guards, and Montgomery Guards, 500 men, all from New Orleans, just arrived. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 6, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Federal steamer reconnoitering at West Point, York River, forty miles from Richmond. Yesterday she came up to the wharf. General See Vol. II, 1). 797 Page 69 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 69 Lee has just sent forty-five men and two 9-inch guns. Ordered 1,000 men and four additional guns. Nothing to prevent iRiclimond being reached by water. [24 I). 0-. I)UNCAN. RICHMOND, May G, 1861. (Received 1.30 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Letcher at Norfolk. Expected back to-day. In his absence dispatch received at Executive office from reliable source stating Scott had issned on Saturday orders for taking Arlington Heights, but afterwards postponed. James River entirely unprotected. Federal vessels chase and fire on our steamers to within twelve miles of Gloucester Point, so Governors private secretary informs me. Hunter left this morning for Montgomery, Brockenbrongh yesterday. iRives reported to have said he accepted, hoping for reconstruction. Will not now go to Mont- gomery. [2.] D. 0-. DUNCAN. MONDAY, May 6, 18G1.* Present, John J. Allen, president; M. F. iVianry, and iR. L. Montague. In the absence of the Gove~nor from the city a communication from Lewis E. flarvie, president of the Richmond and Danville Railroad Company, addressed to the Governor and council, was taken up and considered. Mr. Harvic states that on Friday morning he sent a dis- patch from Amelia Court-House to Mr. Talcott, superintendent of the road, directing him to go to General Lee and offer him any or all of the rolling-stock and motive power of the company to remove the ordnance from the navy-yard at Norfolk to the interior, considering it in imminent danger; that he neither mentioned iior thought of com- pensation, but understanding that the offer was not accepted, probably from the belief that the transportation would be charged for, he now renews the offer to the State, with the assurance that in what he con- siders so important a measure he will make no charge for the service if his offer is accepted. Whereupon the council advise that the offer of Mr. Harvie be accepted, and that orders be immediately given to remove so much of the ordnance from the navy-yard at Norfolk as may not be necessary to be retained for the defense of the navy-yard and Norfolk and Portsmouth to safe points in the interior. JOHN J. ALLEN. M. F. MAURY. [2.] RO. L. MONTAGUE. RICHMOND, VA., J[fay 7, 1861. Hon. JEFFERSON DAVIS: General Johnston sick. I cannot be spared. Senator Hunter, on the way to Montgomery, is fully informed of plans and water defenses at Norfolk. Sufficient land defenses in progress. Troops sufficient, uninstructed; officers new. My commission in Virginia satisfactory to me. [2.] R. E. LEE. From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginuia Page 70 70 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, Richmond, Va., May 7, 1861. Maj. JoHN M. PATTON, Virginia Volunteers, Camp of Instruction near Richmond: MAJOR: You have been assigned to the comm and of the volunteer troops ordered to the battery at Jamestown Island. You will repair there without delay and enter upon your duties. Captain Cocke, Vir- ginia navy, has been charged with the construction and arrangement of the battery, and you will co-operate with him in its construction and defense. Two companies of volunteers have been mustered into service by Major Wilson at Fort Powhatan, and have been ordered to James- town Island, of whom you will take command. It is understood that a third company, organized at that point by Captain Allen and ready for duty, has not yet been mustered into service. Should such be the case and their services are offered, you are authorized under the I)roclamation of the Governor of the 3d instant to muster them into the service of Virginia. Proper muster-rolls, & c., will be furnished upon application by InspectorGeneral J. 13. Baldwin, Richmond. You will as soon as possible report the condition, arms, equipments, & c., of the troops under your command. Second Lient. William B. Morrison, Provisional Army, has been ordered to report to you at Jamestown Island to aid in instructing the troops, which it is hoped will be done as rapidly as possible. Very respectfully, R. E. LEE, Major- General, Commanding. Respectfully forwarded through General Joseph E. Johnston, who will relieve this gentleman from duty and give the necessary instructions. R. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, May 7, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Believed on good authority Scott will soon make simultaneous attacks on Harpers Ferry and Norfolk. Various indications of such intentions. Letchers proclamation ordering Virginia volunteers to remain at home till called out is taken at Washington and in the North to indicate indisposition to defend State. Harney misrepresented at Washington Letchers intentions. I am requested by prominent men to urge instant action at Montgomery in appointment of a Confederate general, if President Davis cannot come, which all expect and desire. Unreserved confidence in him, but in no one else. Louisiana troops leave this evening for Harpers Ferry. Bonham been asked by Lee if ready to move. Reply, yes. There has been bungling in movements of force at Alexandria, which was ordered off again and so on. Rail- road from Relay House to Harpers Ferry, Baltimore and Ohio Rail- road, in possession of Government. Maryland committee had inter- view with the President. Conceded nearly as much as Lincoln could have exacted. Fear increasing in Maryland. Louisiana troops received with great enthusiasm. Considered the finest looking troops here. National Intelligencer of 6th says 1,200 regulars and 20,000 troops there. D. 0-. DUNCAN. [2. Page 71 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 71 RICHMOND, May 7, 1861. (Received 5 oclock 8th.) L. P. WALKER: 1 believe there is treachery here. Jntelligent and distinguished men believe Virginia on the very brink of being carried back, and say no nian but President Davis can save her. The people will rally around him; they universally call for his presence. There is disappointment that he does not assume entire direction of affairs here. Louisiana troops reported to Cabell. Cabell sent them to Bouham, Bonham to Lee. Lee orders them to Harpers Ferry. Great dissatisfaction pre- vails here. South Carolina troops refuse to move unless under orders from Montgomery. Military control of Virginia is essential to the interests of the Confederate States. I doubt if there are 5,000 Virgin- ians armed and equipped. Letcher has ordered volunteers to remain at home on plea of want of arms, while there are abundance of arms in the State in the opinion of persons capable of judging. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] TUESDAY, May 7, 18G1.* Present. John J. Allen, president; Francis H. Smith, M. F. Maury, and Robert L. Montague. Thomas S. Haymond appeared in council, he having been heretofore duly appointed a member thereof, and requested that his name and attendance should be entered on the journal, which the council accord- ingly order. Present, T. S. Ilayinond. A communication from Isham G. Harris, Governor of Tennessee, was submitted by the Governor,in which Governor Harris says it is abso- lutely necessary for the proper defense of the Mississippi River washing the shore of Tennessee and of the Cuinberland and Tennessee Rivers to have fifty guns of the following sizes: Twenty-five 32-pounders, fif- teen 24-pounders, ten 8-inch howitzers. He states that he has infor- mation that this State can furnish these guns, and accordingly sends John S. Garnett, of the Confederate Army, formerly of Virginia, to get an order for them, or for such as can be spared: Advised unanimon sly that the Governor supply to the Governor of Tennessee the number of piecesfifty 32-pounders with supply of balls, and two gun carriages as samples; and that it be recommended to the agent of the State of Tennessee to supuly himself with men to remove the same from the navy-yard. The Governor also submitted a communication from Thomas H. Hicks, Governor of Maryland, complaining of depredations said to be committed by citizens of Virginia upon the property of citizens of Maryland, inclosing a petition of Charles F. Wenner niaking complaint of the seizure on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, within the boundaries of Maryland, by troops of Virginia, of a boat and its cargo of grain belonging to him, and asking Governor Hicks to intervene for the pro- tection of his rights. Governor Letcher had answered the letter of Governor flicks, assuring him that proper inquiry should be made into the matter of complaint, and suitable steps taken to redress what wrong might have been done, a copy of which answer was also submitted: Advised unanimously that the grain be paid for at the rates claimed * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Yirginia Page 72 72 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. upon satisfactory evidence that the alleged quantity was seized. The council further advise that nothing be paid for the detention of the boat, they having advised full compensation for the grain without deduction for transportation and tolls. The Governor laid before the council a communication from Warren Winslow, ai de-de-camp to the Governor of North Carolina, asking for the Governor of that State ordnance and machinery for the inanufac- ture of small-arms, offering also, if it is desired to remove any guns from the navy-yard to a safe locality, to take care of them at Weldon: Advised unanimously that the Governor supply the Governor of North Carolina with fifty pieces of heavy ordnance32-pounders, with shot and shell to correspond. With regard to the machinery, as no report has been made of what may be at the command of the State, it is advised that any action on this point be postponed for the present. It is also advised that the kind offer of the Governor of North Carolina for the safe-keeping of the guns at the navy-yard be availed of if necessary. A certificate from General Lee that he had received from Messrs. Allen and Montague (of the council) $50 needed as an advance by Mr. Rose, the agent designed to be sent to New York for a cap machine: Advised (Messrs. Allen and Montague not acting) that the Governor refund to Judge Allen and Lieutenant-Governor Montague the sum of $50 advanced by them to meet the expenses of Mr. Rose. The Governor nominated Cadet John Taliaferro, late of West Point Academy, for second lieutenant in the Provisional Army: Advised unanimously that the nomination of Cadet Taliaferro as second lieu- tenant be confirmed, and that his rank be made to correspond with his class rank at West Point. The council unanimously advise that the Governor issue an order to Major-General Lee to assume the command of all volunteer or other forces from other States who have or may hereafter report to him or tender their services to the State of Virginia until orders are received from the President of the Confederate States in reference to the same. A report was laid before the council from S. Barron, captain in charge of the Virginia navy, referring the statement of the officers charged with the survey of the steamer Northampton to the general- in-chief. The price at which the steamer can be purchased is stated by Captain Barron to be $50,000: Advised unanimously that the Governor be requested to select some competent and disinterested party to pur- chase the steamer Northampton for the service of the State if she can be bought at a reasonable price; otherwise to have her appraised and let the appraisers make a report thereon. A communication from Col. P. T. Moore (from camp at Fair Grounds) to General Lee relative to staff appointments in his regiment was brought in before the council: Advised unanimously that the only staff officer authom-ized to be appointed by the colonel of the regiment is an adjutant, to be taken out of the line. Under the ordinance of conven- tion, surgeons and assistant surgeons, quartermasters, commissaries, and paymasters are reqnired to be appointed by the Governor. The staff appointments of Colonel Moores regiment are vacated under this ordinance. * * * * * * * The following advice was given by the council upon occasion of orders issued from Fredericksburg by Colonel (then Brigadier-General) Rug- gles, making various staff appointments. The orders and the advice were mislaid at the time, and it cannot now be exactly ascertaine Page 73 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 73 when the advice was given. The coancil direct its entry in this place: Advised unanimously that the number and grade of staff officers attached to the headquarters of a brigadier-general should correspond with the rule which governs the service of the late Uniteil States. According to that rule a brigadier-general may appoint one aide-de- camp from his command with the rank of lieutenant. One quartermas- ter, one commissary of subsistence, and one assistant adjutant-general are usually detailed by the general-in-chief, but when such detail is not made the brigadier-general may detail for temporary duty in these departments officers from bis command, which are generally taken from anion g the experienced licutenants. * * * * * * * JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS II. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. RO. L. MONTAGUE. [2.] T. S. HAYMOND. TUESDAY, Jliliay 7, 1861.* * * * * * * * The following advice of council was submitted to the Governor: Advised unanimously that the Governor issue an order to Major- ~eneral Lee to assume the command of all volunteer or other forces from the States who have or may hereafter report to him or tender their services to the State of Virginia until orders are received from the President of the Confederate States in reference to the same. Ordered, that the advice of the council be executed by General Lee. The Governor nominated for advice of council fourteen officers for the quartermasters department with the rank of captains of volun- teers. Filed with papers of this day: Advised unanimously that the said appointments be made as nominated. JOHN LETCHER. [2.] HEADQUARTERS VJRZUNIA FORCES, Richmond, Va., ]IIay 8, 1861. Brig. Gen. S. COOPER, A djutant and Inspector General, 0. S. Army, Montgomery, Ala.: GENERAL: In reply to your communication of the 3d instant, I beg to inforiu you that I had, previous to its reception, instructed the volunteer officers of the State at Lynchburg to confine themselves to providing for the State troops and such others as apply to them for their services. I am, sir, & c., R. E. LEE, [2.] Major-General, Commanding, & c. RICHMOND, May 8, 1861. (Received 11.30 oclock.) L. P. WALKER: All quiet at Alexandria. Twenty-three steamers in the U. S. employ now in Eastern Branch of Potomac. Vessels loaded with provisions From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 74 74 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. and ammunition continually passing Alexandria. for Washington. Travel between New York and Washington now uninterrupted. This was day for Federal troops to pass through Baltimore. Not known whether they did go or not. Senator l3ayai-d, escaped from Wilmington to Philadelphia from mob, mobbed at Philadelphia. Police protected him to place of safety. Number of Baltimoreans arrived in Richmond to-day to join Confederate Army. Say several companies are prepar- ing to leave Baltimorm in a week. Probably 500 equipped for service. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 8, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: The convention between Virginia and Confederate States places the military operations in Virginia under the control of the Confederate States. I am acting now, in the absence of any instructions from President Davis, with all the judgment and energy which the emer- gency demands, and shall continue to do so until the supreme direction of military affairs is assumed by the Confederate States. I will write to President Davis to-morrow. [2.] JOHN LETCHER. RICHMOND, May 9, 1861. (Received 10.30 oclock.) L. P. WALKER: Major Anderson appointed to drill two regiments Kentucky volun- teers and to be made colonel. Maryland Legislature will probably adjourn Friday to July 10. Caucus of House determined, almost unan- imously, not to call convention. Policeman shot soldier whom he was trying to arrest for disorderly conduct in Washington last night. Sol- diers threaten to demolish guard-house; investigation pending. House miext to Willards Hotel burned last night with stock, $15,000; E. Owemi & Son, military and naval tailors. Forty thousand troops to be concentrated at Washington. I commence to number my dispatches, for satisfactory reasons, beginning at twenty-five. The number will follow the address at beginning of dispatches. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 9, 1861. L. P. WALKER: (Received 10.30 oclock.) Governor Letcher has anonymous letter from Washington saying Cabinet had under consideration a plan to capture President Davis and Mr. Stephens. Resignations, Washington, 7th, Colonel Emory, Maryland, First Cavalry; Major IVlordecai, North Carolina Ordna Department; Maj. R. B. Lee, Vi commissary of nce rginia, subsistence. Federal Government thoroughly alarmed. Yesterday telegraphed Governor of New York for more arms and troops, saying capital iii imminent peril. Prentice, Louisville, writes his brother in New York, expressing opinion Kentucky will secede. Two Virginia regiments ordered to-day to Culpeper, headquarters General Cocke. Colonel Blanchards regiment here has been ordered to Norfolk and starts to-morrow morning. [24 D. G. DUNCAN Page 75 75 Cm& r. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. RICHMOND, May 9, 1861. (Received 3.10 oclock.) L. P. WALKER: Thirty vessels, large and small, off Old Point Comfort, detained by Commander Pendergrast. One, a large Richmond ship from South America, 3,000 bags of coffee, bound up James River bombshell cargo fired at her exploded ahead of her. Several attempts made yesterday to set the city on fire; one next door to Bank of Richumond. This city full of spies. All communications with Washington should be instantly stopped. Special messengers leave here daily with information for enemy. The mails should be stopped. D. G. DUNCAX. [2.] THURSDAY, May 9, ISG1.* Present, John J. Allen, president; Francis II. Smith, NI. F. Maury, and Thomas S. Haymond. * * * * * * * The council unanimously adopt the following advice, which they respectfully submit for the consideration of the Governor: Measures ought to be taken to protect the Tide-Water Country of the State from boat and other maraudimig expeditions. The conneil there- fore advise that prompt steps be taken to encourage the formation of home guards in all the counties bordering on the Chesapeake Bay and its navigable tributaries, and that for this purpose proper persons be imme(liately selected to promote the voluntary banding together of the citizens for their own common defense by offering under proper regula- tions arms to those who have none; by establishing convenient places of rendezvous; selecting, along the banks of the rivers, bays, and creeks, suitable points for rifle-pits; erecting signal stations along the rivers, and establishing a system for giving warning of the enemys approach, as well by signals fromn station to statiQn as by runners and couriers into the back country. * - * * * * * The council unanimously advise that the Governor write for Mr. Gibboney, or some other reliable person in Wythe County, to ascertain what amount of lead can be procured from the mines in that region and on what terms it can be had. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. [2.] T. S. HAYMOND. COUNCIL CHAMBER, May 9, 1861. Major.General LEE: Will you,. if not inconsistent with your duty, inform me at what time you expect any troops to assemble at Gratton, in Northwestern Yirginia, arid when arms will be furnished. I think it is important that there should not be any delay from information received from that portion of the State. Very respectfully, T. ~. HAYMOND. [2.1 ____ ____________ ______________________________ * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Yirginia Page 76 76 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. ECHAP. tXIII. ROCKY MOUNT, FRANKLIN COUNTY, ]Jfay 9, 1861. Col. P. S. GARNETT, Adjutant-General: SIR: I received to-day a letter from General Lee, requiring me to repair to Lynchburg to take command of the volunteers to be mustered into the service of the State at that place. I will do so oii Monday next, as that will be the earliest day I can leave. You showed me a list of the companies to be called for from this quarter of the State, and if I recollect aright there were to be two companies of cavalry and one of artillery from this county. There is already organized and ready to march one company of cavalry and one company of infantry, and a company of artillery is now being organized. The company of cavalry is upward of eighty strong, and is commanded by Capt. Giles W. B. Hale. The company of infantry is about 100 strong, and is commanded by Capt. Joseph A. ilambrick, a graduate of the Military Institute. Captain ilambrick has received an appointment as second lieutenant in the Provisional Army, but he prefers going into service with his com- pany of volunteers. Neither company is armed, and it would be incon- venicut to send arms to this county. The companies raised in this county had better be armed in Lynchburg. It would be a matter of great difficulty to raise for service two companies of cavalry in this county for want of suitable horses. I would therefore suggest that one company of infantry be takeu from this county iu place of a cavalry company. The company of artillery will be commanded by Thomas 0-. Taylor, a graduate of the institute. The old volunteer companies in this county are not properly organized, and the only companies which will be fit for service are those organized for the occasion.* Very respectfully, J. A. EARLY, [2.1 Colonel of Volunteers. LEWISImURQ GREENBRIER COUNTY, Yx., May 9, 1861. Maj. Gen. ROBERT E. LEE, Commcimnding, die.: SIR: I received at noon to-day your order t authorizing me to call for two regiments of infantry aud rifle volunteer companies. The order was received by me at my home in Monroe County, and I have ordered out one infantry company from Monroe County, two rifle companies from this county, and three companies from Ahleghany County, which will reach Staunton on the 15th instant. I have also dispatched orders to the colonels of regiments in the counties of Pendleton, Bath, High- land, and Pocahontas, instructing them to order any volunteer infantry or rifle companies in their county to report to me at Staunton on the 15th. I shall reach Staunton on that day with the troops from Green- brier, Monroe, and Alleghany, that being the earliest day upon which I can get transportation. As soon as I reach Staunton I will order out a sufficient number of additional companies from Augusta and Rock. bridge to make up the two regiments. I would suggest the propriety of having drill officers in Staunton to instruct these troops, many of whom are entirely raw. I have instracted some of the companies of mountain men to bring with them their country rifles. Upon my arrival in Staunton I will report to you the number of troops reported and mustered into service, their arms, condition, & c. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, JNO. ECHOLS, [2.] Lieutenant- Colonel of Volunteers. For reply of Garneit, see Vol. 11, p. 835. t See Vol. II, p. 808 Page 77 CRAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 77 SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND LXSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 46. Montgomery, May 10, 1861. * * * * * * * III. Lieut. Col. George Deas, assistant adjutant-general, is assigned to duty as inspector-general, and will proceed without delay to Lynch- burg and Richmond, Ma., and on his arrival at the latter place will report to the general commanding the troops in that section. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JOHN WITHERS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant-General. RICHMOND, May 10, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Organization of Southern telegraph line has been completed to-day by the selection of Dr. W. S. Morris, of Lynchburg, as president, and J. R. Powell, general superintendent. The line from Alexandria south is now entirely distinct and disconnected from line at Washington and north. The new officers are Yirginians and sound to the core. The most perfect confidence may be placed in theni and in their zeal and devotion to the Southern cause. The wires between Alexandria and Washington have been taken down. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] MAY 10, 1861. L. P. WALKER: New York papers reluctantly acknowledge commercial interests as going to wreck and ruin. Henry Fisher, banker, Philadelphia, sus- pended; liabilities, ~1,000,000. Other failures anticipated. Passengers from Washington represent terrible state of affairs. Houses broken open, pillaged by soldiers; females insulted on streets and in their own houses; innocent citizens violently treated on merest pretext of suspicion; soldiery represented as drunken, thieving, ungovernable mob. Pony express from California arrived Fort Kearny. News of taking of Sumter had paralyzed business interests there. Insurance agents refuse to insure treasure against hazards of war. Legislature rejected bill calling for Congressional election 18th of May, the object of which was to elect two members of Congress for extra session. Another installment Baltimoreans arrived in Richmond this evening, fully armed and equipped for service. Shermans battery and five com- panies of U. S. infantry arrived Washington. Came through Balti- more. Baltimore will soon be garrisoned. General Lee is now acting very vigorously. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, illay 10, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Maryland Legislature yesterday, committee Federal relations, sub- mitted reports. Declares war urged by United States on Confederate States unconstitutional, repugnant to civilization and sound policy, subversive to free institutions; protest against war entered on part o Page 78 78 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Maryland, that she take no part directly or indirectly. Desires peace- ful recognition of independence of seceded States. Military occu- pation of Maryland protested against as unconstitutional, illegal, oppressive. Final resolutions assert, nuder existing circumstances, it is inexpedient to call a convention or to take measures for immediate arming and organization of militia. Propose adjournment to a day to be named. Report adoptedyeas, forty-nine; nays, eleven. Resolu- tion made order day for this morning. Federal troops passed through Baltimore yesterday; 2,700 troops landed from fleet at Whetstone Point in sight of Baltimore wharves under cover of Harriet Lanes guns and carried by special trains to Washington. All quiet in Alexandria, Arlington, Washington. Much insubordination among troops in Wash- ington and insulting of citizens. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.1 RICH1VIOND, May 10, 1861. (Received 3 a. m. 11th.) Hon. L. P. WALKER. Hon. W. C. Rives left this morning for Montgomery [Maryland] Heights, Md., opposite Harpers Ferry, possessed by Virginians yester- day. Tennesseeans, Kentuckians, aiid Marylanders much disappointed at being unable to procure arms there. General Harney ordered to Saint Louis. Lane gone to Kansas to raise troops to retake Fort Smith. Congressman Bouligney, of Louisiana, arrived in Washington from New Orleans, reports our movements to enemy and asserts a strong Union sentiment still exists in New Orleans, but crushed out. Announced, Washington, 7th, Harriet Lane captured I)rivateer schooner off capes, Virginia; taken her to Annapolis. Announced in Washing- ton, General Scott not yet prepared to cross Potomac, owing to want of cavalry, field artillery, and camp eq uipage. Steamer Africa arrived from Liverpool. News of the bombardment of Sumter had arrived in England. Created great sensation. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.1 FRIDAY, May 10, 1861.* Present, John J. Allen, president~ Fran , . . aury, and Thomas S. ilaymond. cis H. Smith M F M A report of Col. T. J. Jackson, commanding officer at Harper~s Ferry, in response to a letter from Governor Letcher directing him to investigate certain complaints made to Governor Hicks, of the State of Maryland, and by him presented to Governor Letcher, was sub- mitted to the council for advice: Advised unanimously that a copy of Colonel Jacksons report be forwarded to His Excellency Governor flicks, of Maryland, and that His Excellency be further informed that orders have been issued for the payment for provisions alleged to have been seized under the authority of the officers of the State of Virginia, at the prices claimed by the owner. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. [2.] T. S. HAYMOND. * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 79 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 79 GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 14. 5 Richmond, Va., May 10, 1861. All officers in the military and naval service now on duty iii Virginia are prohibited from granting free passes on railroads, steam-boats, or other public conveyances to any person, unless such person be traveling under orders or on duty of the State. By order of Major.G-eneral Lee: H. S. GARXETT, 2.] Adjutant- General. MAY 10, 186110 p. m. COMMANDING OFFICER AT LYNCHBURG: Send 1,000 effective men, either of Confederate or Virginia troops, by first train to Harpers Ferry to report to Colonel Jackson via Manassas Junction. ThE. LEE, [2.] Commanding C. S. Troops in Virginia. MANASSAS JUNCTION, May 10, 1861. Col. E. HUNTON, Gommanding, Leesburg: SIR: I have received this morning your letter of the 9th. The two companies recently ordered from Leesburg to Alexandria will remain tbr some time at the latter place. The companies heretofore at War- reuton Springs had been ordered by me to rendezvous at this place, and were en route before I received your letter. They will remain attached to this post. Leesburg is a point of much importance. I desire that you will strengthen yourself there as rapidly as possible, at least up to the extent of five or six companiessay, one of cavalry, one of artillery, and five of riflemenso as to be able to put yonrself in connection with the cavalry vedettes and patrols from this post through Aldie, and also to protect the railroad toward Alexandria in connection with the civic guard on that road, and similar means of protection to the same road which will be ordered to be extended by the force in Alexandria until such sphere of protection and patrol shall connect with your own sphere, say, some halfway point. Commissary Fowle should be advised of the quantityof flour in the mill on the Potomac to which you refer, so as to have it takeii for l)nblic use as required, and in the meantime you should not allow any of it to gO to the District of Columbia if you can prevent itthis supposing the mill is on the Virginia side of river, ol course. You will stop all flour and other supplies from going to th~ District of Columbia. Secure all the bacon you can, not only for your own command, but for the State, keeping Commissary Fowle advised in this connection. Make returns, & c. P. ST. GEO. COOKE, [2.] Commanding Im~fantry, Potomac Department. GLOUCESTER POINT, May 10, 1861. General J. BANKIIEAD MAGRUDER: SIR: I write you a hasty note in accordance with your wish as con- veyed to me by Lieutenant Taylor. My orders were received f~nm you early on the morning of the 8th. Under your directions and assistanc Page 80 80 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXC1~PT S. W., & w. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. we were enabled to leave the depot by 1.20 oclock. The delay ;vas pro- duced by not having the ammunition and other articles required for our use, which had not been previously furnished. My horses and men were at the cars by 10 oclock. We arrived at West Point at 4.30 p. in., and reported to Captain Whittle. He directed us to proceed to the steamer Logan, remain during the night, and start at daybreak for this. place, andr eport to Colonel Taliaferro. We arrived at 8 a. m. Colonel Taliaferro had received an express from Norfolk advising him that an attack would be made during the day or nightprobably early in the morning. No attack having been made by 10, Lieutenant Brown with his detachment and two guns was dispatched in the steamer to West Point. My battery was placed in position. My instructions were that we were placed here to protect the battery of heavy guns that were to be mounted at this place. Several steamers were seen at a distance during the day. We were ready to meet their approach; none came. During the night, at 11 oclock, Colonel Taliaferro sent me word that he had just heard that an attack would be made upon us by a steamer known to be on the bay. The attack, his informant stated, would be by 3 a. m. He desired me to be on the qui vive, but not to disturb the men. I was up till daybreak. My command was dividedmy four guns in battery on the high embankment overlooking the river. The island at this point runs into the river, making nearly an acute angle. The banks are precipitous for a greater part of the course of the river, but at the apex of the angle there is a plateau rising but little from the level of the river about one-sixteenth of a mile, extending from the river to the high bluff. Above the bluff the country extends in a dead level, except where broken by creeks, & c., affording a most beautiful plain for artillery drill. I took a reconnaissance on horseback, with Colonel Taliaferro, of the back country. There are two creeks on each side of Gloucester Point, approaching each so nearly that the egress from this place can be readily commanded. The creek below is called Sarahs Creek, the one above Black Swamp. The distance between the nearest points of these creeks is a mile to a mile and a half. Only one road passes through this interval, passing a few hundred yards from Sarahs Creek. I inclose you an extremely rough and hastily-drawn sketch* of our position. My four guns and three caissous on. the upper plateau immediately overlooking the river on one side, and on the other over- looking the plateau below and the river beyond. There are two old iron 6-pounders on the lower plateau, which are placed under charge of Lieutenant Macon and a detachment of my. company. Lieutenant Brown for the present with his detachment and two pieces are near by Lieutenant Macon on the plateam I hope you can now form some idea of our position. I shall be in command of the six pieces. No attack has been made upon us. While I am writing I am informed that both guns, the columbiads, are in position and ready for fighting. This is glorious intelligence. Captain Page, Lieutenant Gwathmey, and Cap- tain Maury are here. This place will soon be perfectly safe. If per- mitted, I would suggest similar works first on the Ilappahannock, then the Potomac, and the northern side of James liver. My command is ready to move as we are whenever required. These positions secured and defended by heavy guns, and Virginia is safe from invasion by sea. If you concur with me in opinion press these views upon General Lee. To defend this position the IRappaliannock must be immediately pro- tected on the south side. The danger at this place is by land attack from the rear. The iron guns here shonld be placed upon the bluffs above. Omitted as unimportant Page 81 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 81 There is a volunteer company of artillery here from the country; they can make good artillerists if placed immediately to the drill of piece. I have volunteered to aid them if they are willing to take my instructions. All of these defenses might be made simultaneonsly, bnt the Rappa- hannock defense is important to the security of this place. Permit me again to remind you that we are without a single tent; we slept last night on the ground. We made some extempore tents by extending our blankets on poles. It is now raining. We propose putting up wooden tents; the planks and nails will be furnished us. If we are moved again to the points above indicated, let us have some tents. It was a great disappointment not to receive our horses yesterday. In case of au attack by a large force we can do nothing but sacrifice onrselves; our guns cannot be moved by hand. We can get no horses here. You know our situation. More infantry will be required at this place. I cannot to-day detail our wants; I will write briefly to.morrow. If these plans are carried out, let them be done speedily without the pub- lic ear knowing of the movements. My letters hereafter will be more brief. The engineer, Mr. Clarke, tells me he will have six columbiads planted by to-morrow. In haste, yours, respectfully, HENRY COALTER CABELL. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS OF DIvISIoN, Richmond, May 13, 1861. No tents on hand in the quartermasters department. Will be fur- nished with a few from the artillery barracks. Horses recommended sent to Captain Cabell. Respectfully, J. B. MAGRUDER, [2.] Colonel, Commanding. RICHMOND, May 11, 1861. L. P. WALKER: General Lee is now acting with great vigor. Stated in Washington yesterday that Scott needs more time to prepare six months campaign. Col. Ben. Huger, Ordnance Department, C. S. A., lately commanding Fifty-third Regiment, Baltimore, has resigned. English editorials on Sumter very favorable to South and condemnatory of Lincoln. They ridicule him unmercifully. Arrivals in New York hotels greatly fallen off. No financial article. New York papers desponding. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, VA., iIfay 11, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS: DEAR SIR: As you value our great cause hasten on to Richmond. Lincoln and Scott are, if I mistake not, covering by other demonstra- tions a great movement upon Richmond. Suppose they should send suddenly up the York River, as they can, an army of 30,000 or more, there are no means at hand to repel them, and [if] their policy showu in Maryland gets footing here it will be a severe if not a fatal blow. Hasten, I pray you, to avert it. The very fact of your presence will almost answer. Hasten, then. I entreat you, dont lose a day. Your old friend, W. N. PENDLETON. [2.] 6 u RVOL LI, PT I Page 82 82 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, ]t/fontgomery, May 11, 1861. Col. E. K. SMITH, C. S. Army, Lyn& hburg, Va.: General H. E. Lees orders must be obeyed. He commands all the forces, Provisional and State. Governor Letchers orders must also be 9beyed. S. COOPER, 12.] Adjutant and Inspector General. MAY 11, 1861. Colonel SMITH, Lynchburg: Substitute for the Alabama regiment 1,000 with arms and arninuni- tion. The Alabama regiment can follow. Arms for them will be sent to Harpers Ferry ou rfuesday. H. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. MANASSAS JUNCTION, May 11, 1861. Col. H. S. GARNETT, Adjutant- General, Richmond: Sin: 1 inclose herewith for the information of the general command- ing in chief a copy of an order* this day sent to Colonel Huggles, on my right. I arrived here day before yesterday, having with inc a sec- tion of Captain Kempers artillery. The Powbatan Troop caine up the same afternoon just after my arrival. Captain Greens troop are now posted at stage stables, near Gainesville, whilst Captain Paynes Black Horse Troop is picketed one mile in advance of this place. Captain Marr with one company of rifles is at Bristoe, in my rear. Stop these until shelter can be furnished here. Colonel Strange and two conipanies of infantry from Albemarle await ammunition at Culpeper Court-House, which as soon as they receive I hey will advance to this point. I pro- pose to strengthen this post to the extent at least of a brigade as soon as possible, under Colonel Strange, with a strong detachment of cav- alry for our posts and piQkets, and should have also at least one fall battery of horse artillery, 6-pounders, well appointed for war service. Please ask the general-in-chief to do everything possible to advance and facilitate these measures, should they meet with his approval, or else to instruct me wherein he would have them changed or modified. The recent action of the Confederate Congress, of which I was first advised yesterday, in acknowledging and accepting an open state of war, and their act authorizing the issuing of letters of marque and reprisal, appear to me likely to throw the door open to Lincoln to take the initkrtive. I should be glad to have the generals views in this connection. The time appears to be at hand when we may expect the enemy to make some strong demou~tration upon this line, a line so vitally important to our cause and a line at this moment unprepared to meet such odds, but which we desire to move heaven and earth to keep in a state of readiness for any emergency. Please ask the general to communicate fully and freely in this connection. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, PHILIP ST. GEO. COCKE, [2.] Colonel, Gommanding Potomac Department. * See Vol. II, p. 831 Page 83 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 83 HEADQUARTERS CABELLS BATTERY, Glouce8ter Point, May 11, 18G1. Col. J. B. MAGRUDER: SIR: I reconnoitered the country yesterday evening to the mouth of the York River. Colonel Taliaferro with his fast team accompanied me. We were in sight of the river the whole distance. The country is a dead level; roads fine. I had heard so much of steamers lying at the mouth of the river that I wished to see for myself.. Their lying at the mouth of the river, if you will excuse the language, was all a lie so far as I could tell by the eye. I do not see why a battery should not be placed immediately at the mouth of the river. It would clear the blockade at once. The country is favorable for this battery. It would require perhaps a large force to protect the planting of the guns in positiom Two heavy columbiads have been planted here, and two more have been landed and will be placed at once in position. Is it proper that I should daily communicate to you or to Colonel Taliaferro 0? Answer at once. I will write to-morrow. One of my men will return to-day, being on the sick list. Have I command of other artillery com- panies placed at the same post 0? My tents will be finished to-day. Yours, respectfully, HENRY COALTEIR CABELL, [2.] Captain. HEADQUARTERS COAST DEFENSES, Wilmington, N. C., May 11, 18G1. Brig. Gen. S. COOPER, A djntant- General, Montgomery: GENERAL: I am able to report a little progress toward placing the coast of North Carolina in condition to resist attack but affairs are by no means so satisfactory as I would like to see them. This is due to tho entire want of preparation, organization, and military experience existing in the State. As to Ocracoke and Hatteras Inlets, and the sounds to which they are the communication, their great importance is recognized. I refer you to the report of Col. Ellwood Morris, herewith inclosed, and my opinion upon its suggestions.* A copy of letter No. 2 of Colonel Morris shows, however, that he is continuing his work. I can only hope that the delay of the enemy will enable him to succeed. The command of these sounds by the enemy will be a most serious blow to the State. The largest corn district we have may be interfered with; the cities of Elizabeth, Plymouth, Edenton, and New Berne are by them exposed to attack, while numerous isolated or distant planta- tions might lose their slaves or be otherwise plundered or destroyed. I have reliable information, given by one of our most respectable citi- zens returned from New York, to the effect that the Government at Washington have purchased and are arming numerous steamers of very light draft for the blockade of Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds and the North Carolina inlets. New Berne, on the Neuse, is of the utmost importance, as command- ing the line of communication with Fort Macoil by the Atlantic Rail- road. This road, starting from Morehead City, in Beaufort Harbor, connects via New Berne with the Wilmington and Weldon and the Raleigh Railroad at Goldsborongh. Passing as it does near the line of the Lower Neuse River, and accessible by various necks as well as by land, its defeiise becomes in our present condition a matter of great Inclosures not found Page 84 84 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. Xv., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL difficulty; its security is absolutely necessary to that of Fort Macon; cut that off and the place falls for want of supplies. Our difficulty in procuring them is not confined to ammunition and guns; it extends, and very seriously too, to provisions of all kinds. It is not necessary for me to enlarge oii the importance of Fort Macon to both sides iu this quarrel. Il we can hold our communication we may reasonably expect to hold the fort. I can devise no better plan at this time than to estab- lish a flotilla defense, to be organized with all possible dispatch by offi- cers of the Navy. The means for this must be found in the several light-boats, the fast-sailing Beaufort flats, the innumerable corn ves- sels, and the small steamers that ply on the sounds. Guns must be had from Norfolk; but especially the service of Navy officers is required. There may yet be. time to fortify the approach by Hatteras and Ocra- coke, but even for that the flotilla is necessary. At Fort Macon itselt very creditable preparations have been made with the means at hand, under the very efficient supervision of Col. W. B. Thompson, many years ago an officer of the U. S. Army. Those means are not, however, as yet sufficient, in my judgment, except against vessels attempting to enter. I have sent to Fort Macon one 10-inch columbiad, with its car- riage, chassis, & c., complete, and four 8-inch columbiads; the carriages for the latter I have been obliged to build ~1~ this place myself, being entirely unable to procure them elsewhere. The superintendence of this taxes my limited ordnance knowledge. The sponges, rammers, and fuses for these we are making; the latter with very indifferent success. A limited supply of material for these guns has been supplied. Fortunately, in the commanding officer, Colonel Tew, of North Caro- lina, a graduate of the Citadel Academy, we have a judicioLls soldier. I fear, however, he is to be removed for service with regiments detached for Virginia. The condition of Fort Caswell and the defense of the Cape Fear give me a great deal of concern. When I arrived here the fort was supplied with twenty 24-pounders, without any carriages, a few shot, and some damaged l)owder. We now have one 8-inch columbiad, mounted, two 8-inch sea-coast howitzers, and nine 24-pounders. In a few days two more columbiads, six 24-pounders, and some flank-defense 32-pounder carronades will be in position. In considering this fort I beg leave to refer you to the Coast Survey maps, I having no copy to send you. An advanced battery has been erected some 800 yards from the fort, bearing directly on the bar, for three 24-pounders. The guns, however, are not in position yet, from the want of carriages. Infantry breast-works for the supporting troops are under construction. At Federal Point, near New Inlet, two batteries have been erected, but not mounted for the reason above stated, and infantry breast-works for the guard. Wrecks have been sunk to obstruct the New Inlet entrance. This is of the utmost importance, as far as gun-boats are concerned, but by such means we cannot keep out armed boats. Referring to the maps it will be seen that there are few places in our whole coast more exposed than Wilmington and the Lower Cape Fear. The Masonborough and Topsail Inlets to the sounds permit access to within five miles of the city and four miles of the river. Two small inlets between Zeeks Island, New Inlet, and Cape Fear admit boats to the harbor. Smiths Island, generally known as Bald Head, forming one side of the main entrance, its southeast extremity being the cape and its shores having an extent ot some twelve or fourteen miles, is a large, densely wooded tract. Landing can be effected in northeast weather to the south of the cape; in south west to the north. It is traversed by roads, and by two creeks suitable for boat and lighte Page 85 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 85 navigation, communicating with the harbor out of range of Caswell. One of these approaches the outer beach within 160 yards. The fort on Oak Island, opposite, can be shelled from Bald Head. The island is too large for us to be able to occupy it; that is, without great outlay of force. In addition to this, Smithyille and Fort Johnston can be turned by troops landing either on Oak Island or Shallotte. Under these circumstances it has always been urged to form at Wilmington a reserve of, say, 1,000 men, as at New Berne a similar one. The force is little enongh. In the meantime the condition of Fort Caswell demands the most serious consideration I allude to the command, the internal arrangements, & c. It is absolutely essential that the command of this work be placed in the hands of some regular officer familiar with rontine of garrisons. The colonel commanding is energetic and does as well as he knows how, but he does not know how. No one does who has not been brought up in and thoroughly familiar with garrison duties. It is not sufficient for the untiring industry of General Holmes to indicate what is to be donefor Captain Childs to suggest. We may call attention to the whole of the Army Regulations or any part of them; orders may be issued, but only a regular officer familiar with the duty can carry them out. There is none such here. In the meantime, internal police, sanitary precautions, food, cleanliness, the thousand nameless duties of routine cannot be thoroughly performed nuder the present system, and Ifear the most disastrous results from sickness. I need not dwell on this subject in presence of your experience. I only beg you to send some one. The Governor will undoubtedly confer local rank sufficient for the purpose. Captain Childs, chief of artillery, has drilled the men well for artillery and is indefatigable in his duty as ordnance officer at the fort, but he is not in command, and cannot well be placed there now. Considering the declaration of the enemy of their intention to retake the forts, the probable imminence of their attack, the pancity of our resources, in case of their success the enormous advantage and prestige they would gain, the vastly increased outlay required for us to retake, if possible, I most earnestly urge that some officer of garrison experience be placed at once in command. I urge that it will be better to spare regular officers to command all of our forts now than be compelled to send dozens instead of one hereafter to recapture them. In the meantime we are pushing hard the manufacture of shells, shot, grape, and gun carriages. The ladies have patriotically supplied us with cartridge-bags, & c., sufficient for our nse, and are now engaged in making clothing for the troops. General Holmes has relieved me of the command of the troops in which I had been placed by the Governor, the extensive range of my duties, in my own specialty and in ordnance, being more than sufficient to occupy my whole time. I am happy to report the creditable progress of the troops in drill and organization, especially their unflagging zeal, obedience, and great willingness. Pass over the discursive character of this report. I am compelled to-morrow to proceed to New Berne, to indicate the position of reserves and the location of batteries; thence to Ocracoke and return here. If the enemy do not attack for a week I shall be well satisfied, and will make a better report; two weeks, better still. It (loes not become me to express an opinion as to the conduct of affairs at Raleigh. The reported resignation of Major Mordecai and his probable advancement to the position of major-general commanding gives great hopes for the future. I beg you will excuse my failure heretofore to forward my report, either to General Beauregard or your- self, of the operations at Charleston Harbor. Under the pressure o Page 86 86 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. other and, perhaps, more important duties I have not been able to pre- pareit, but will supply the omission at the earliest moment. My address will continue to be at these headquarters. W. H. C. WHITING, [2.] Major and Inspector- General. RICHMOND, May 12, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Two Federal steamers anchored last night off Alexandria. Port. holes open, guns run out. Intended to prevent Virginia troops stop- ping provisions passing up Potomac. Captain Schacifer has raised a new company of seventy Washingtonians for Virginia. Stated on anthority officers of the United States captured in Texas, who were released omi parole not to bear arms against Confederacy, will be required to renew obligations to Government on pain of dismissal. Secretary of the Interior determined to withhold from persons of seceded States benefit of pension and patent laws. Governor Ellis arrived at Richmond this evening. Eight hundred Missouri militia at Saint Louis, under command of General Frost, surrendered May 10 to Captain Lyon, U. S. Infantry. U. S. troops assaulted by mob with rocks. Troops fired on mob. Twenty persons killed, amo~g them two women and several children. Surrender unconditional. Release on parole tendered officers, provided they would take oaths not to arm against United States. The men are prisoners of war. Brigadier- General Mansfields command is at Washington. Guerrilla warfare in Maryland. Squad of fifty fired on picket guard, Camp Butler. Guard returned fire. Twenty shots exchanged. Stock train bound for Balti- more seized at Harpers Ferry. Forty-nine cannon arrived at Harpers FerryDahlgreu and columbiads. Jersey volunteers threaten mutiny unless they get better food. Volunteers pillage stores in Washington. Stated Baltimore demonstration soon be made on Harpers Ferry. Troops and batteries ordered to that position. Federal Government and Maryland will demand evacuation Maryland Heights occupied by Confederate troops. Point of Rocks has been fortified by Confed- crate troops, and other defiles leading to Harpers Ferry. Winans famous steam cannon presented to Confederate States and disguised as agricultural machine seized by Federal forces on its way to Harpers Ferry. Thirty thousand men and thirty-six pieces of cannon now at Washington. Troops continue to arrive there, 1,000 to 3,000 a day, many of them foreign extraction. A German regiment at Annapolis. Several regiments left Washington for Relay House, ultimate destina- tion Harpers Ferry. Great Eastern arrived yesterday at Sandy Hook. Rumored Governor has chartered her as transport. Total number of troops offered and accepted by Lincoln, 300,000. Capt. Isaac Mayo, U. S. Navy, resigned. Four hundred regulars, cavalry, not mounted, arrived in Washington from Carlisle Barracks. General Lee published yesterday in general order your authority to command Conf~derate troops. Seward said last Sunday to a gentleman who assured him of determined feeling in New York to sustain Government, and that ener- getic action was expected of Government, that the l)eople should not be disappointed; they would be satisfied with what would take place in a few days. Newspapers, cotton districts in England, favor recog- nition of Confederate States. Lincoln, by general order, directs all officers of the Army to take a new oath of allegiance, according to the Tenth Article of War. Thirty-three counties of Western Virgini Page 87 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 87 hold convention at Wheeling to-morrow to form separate State. Two companies of U. S. troops mustered into service at Wheeling. Stated at Baltimore 500 Marylanders left for Virginia, 2,000 more en route. Harpers Ferry sufficiently provisioned. Anticipate attack this week. [2.] . D. 0-. DUNCAN. MONTGOMERY, May 12, 1861. D. G. DUNCAN, Richmond, Va.: Telegraph only ascertained facts, not floating rumors, and brief them. [2.] L. P. WALKER. RICHMOND, May 13, 1861. (Received 14th.) L. P. WALKER: National Intelligencer this date contains Secretary of the Navys answer to a Philadelphia mercantile house having cotton on board British ship Jas. Yeo, at Mobile, saying fifteen days would be allowed neutral vessels from time actual blockade. Steamer Pawnee still anchored off Alexandria. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 13, 1861. L. P. WALKER: I am requested to say President Morris, of Southern Telegraph Com- pany, will leave Richmond to-morrow for Montgomery with authority to act, and that the Government may rely upon securing all the bene- fits the management of the line can confer. They ask that no steps be taken by Congress or Administration until Mr. Morris shall arrive. For myself, I am satisfied the cause is receiving no detriment from the line, communication with Washington being cut off. I see, however, in New York papers of May 11 a dispatch from Montgomery, May 9, stating that Confederacy has controlled sufficient army ordnance and ammunition for 150,000 men and one years campaign. This must have been sent to Alexandria, thence to Washington by special messenger, or over western line from New Orleans. Been urged by influential men on Letcher the stopping of mails and express going to Washington. Think this of utmost importance. Your dispatch received. This one is free. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 15. $ Richmond, Va., May 13, 1861. I. To facilitate the dispatch of business, company commanders are notified that their requisitions for arms, equipmemmts, ammunition, cloth- ing, & c must in all cases pass through their immediate commanding officer for his approval or other action. After a due lapse of time for the communication of this order to the troops in Virginia, no requisi- tions will be filled by authority from this office which do not conform to it. The same ruh3 must also be observed in all official letters an Page 88 88 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL papers intended for the action of the commanding general. Such papers must be addressed to the adjutant-general of the Virginia forces, be signed by the officers sending them, and be folded and indorsed as required by regulations. 11. All officers who have received appointments in the Virginia forces, and who have not yet received orders assigning them to duty by authority from this office, are required to report the fact as soon as practicable, stating the nature of their appointment and their address. III. The attention of all officers serving in Virginia, of every grade, is urgently called to the necessity of preventing any waste of the amiuu- nition in the hands of the men. Frequent inspections of the cartridge- boxes will be made, and each man held strictly accountable for the cartridges issued to him, unless used iu battle or by order. IV. The attention of commanding officers is called to General Orders, No. 4, of the 30th ultimo, requiring tn-monthly returns of their re~pec- tive commands to be sent to this office. The information they contain is essential to a proper administration of the service. V. Lieut. Col. John A. Washington, Virginia Volunteers, is announced to the troops serving in Virginia as aide-de-camp to the commanding general. By order of Major-General Lee: R. S. GAIRNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. RiCHMOND, VA., May 13, 1861. Col. li. S. GAnNETT, Adjutant- General Virginia Forces, Riehmona, Va.: Sin: Since the date of my last communication a better disposition to volunteer in the service of the State has been evinced by citizens of the counties of James City, York, and Warwick. By the end of the present week I hope to be able to report as mustered into service and doing camp duty five at least and probably six companies. Within the limits of these counties, and belonging to the One hundred and fifteenth and Sixty-eighth Regiments, there will remain an available militia force of 300 men and as many more nearly exempt from militia (luty willing to take up arms in any emergency. In Elizabeth City County the volun- teers and militia number not less than 600 men. In the battalion to be mustered into service immediately there will be 400 men, so that with this battalion formed of the six companies mentioued above, a force numbering at least 1,200 could be raised. It must be remembered that these are rawas munch so as possible. It is true the volunteer companies, including the Junior Guards of Williamsburg, and those of the county of Elizabeth City, have been drilled to a certain extent, yet their discipline is as imperfect as might be expected, and mnst remain so until they have been subjected to the discipline and routine of a camp. As to the material, it is good as could be wished for. To arm the volunteer companies and the militia belonging to the counties of James City, York, and Warwick, 300 rifles or muskets are necessary. There ought to be also a battery of field pieces, the horses necessary for which can for the l)resent be borrowed in the neighborhood. An order to the quartermasters department for necessary stores to fur- nish a battalion of six companies is requested. If possible two or three cadets ought to be sent to Williamsburg, and if they can be obtained, a drummer, fifer, and bugler. The latter will be much needed. The musket cartridges ought by all means to contain buckshot. Allo Page 89 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 89 me to call your special attention to this. There are few or no rifles in the county below Williamsburg. A small supply of them might prove advantageous. Thirty carbines are also wanted for the sergeants of the different companies. As yet I am uncertain if it is expected that I am to exercise any military control in Hampton. A kind of patrol is kept up by the citizens, fatiguing in its nature, and not, I think, as effectual as a military one might be rendered. The condition of things there makes it important that the attention of the commanding general be directed to it. It is my belief that until the State has command of the water it will be difficult to prevent the sale of vegetables, & c., to Fortress Monroe, and that therefore it had better be done under super- vision. I have directed in and around Yorktown slight embankments to be thrown np, and intend, unless ordered to the contrary, to obstruct the roads which from a point twenty-seven miles below Williamsburg may be easily made difficult. Respectfully, & c., BENJ. ~. EWELL, ~2.] Major of Virginia Volunteers. RICHMOND, ]liliay 13, 1861. Major-General LEE, Commanding Virginia Forces: SIR: It is perhaps proper for me to communicate to you J)rivately the fact that there is something like disaffection in a part of York County known as the Poquosin Island. This is manifested in part by an entire indifference to the present state of things. There have been no volunteers from the region, though attempts have been made to get some. They are not within the limits of the Sixty-eighth Regi- ment of Militia, which does not include the whole of York County. It might be as well and would stimulate them were power given me to call them out if necessary. The island of Jamestown is exceedingly unhealthy and I do not think it would be possible for troops to stay there during the summer. On the mainland, within two miles, it is comparatively healthy, and by a good lookout this would be near enough to protect the batterynear enough for a large part of the force at any rate. If it is in contemplation to appoint another field officer on the Peninsula between the York and James Rivers, excuse me for nominating to you John B. Cary, of Hampton, for a large number of years an active and efficient volunteer officer and a respected and influ- ential citizen. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, BENJ. S. EWELL, [2.] Major of Virginia Volunteers. HAMPTON, VA., May 13, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia: DEAR SIR: As colonel of this regiment I deem it my duty to inform you that an hour ago two companies of men from Fort Monroe took possession of the Mill Creek bridge, which connects United States Government property with this county, and also of private property adjoining said bridge, including the houses and yards of some of the rntiz~ns of the county. They give as a reasQn for this proceeding tha Page 90 90 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. they want possession of a well of water on this side of the creek, and farther state that it may be necessary for them to advance nearer to this town. I have no doubt their object is to hold the north bank of Mill Creek, and perhaps to erect works there. Considering this clearly an invasion, as commander of the cegiment I have ordered out the volunteer companies of this county. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, CHAS. K. MALLORY, Colonel 115th Regiment Virginia Militia. [First indorsement.J MAY 14, 1861. The advice of council is asked in regard to this letter. JOHN LETCHER. [Second indorsement.] This letter is referred to General Lee for his consideration. JOHN LETCHER. [Third indorsesnent.] MAY 14, 1861. Referred to Colonel Ewell for such action as he can take in the matter. H. E. LEE, [2.] Major. General. RICHMOND, VA., May 14, 1861. Hon. JEFFERSON DAVIS: Your presence here would be worth more than 40,000 men. Every one asks, When will he come a? GEO. DEAS. [2.] RldlliuoND, May 14, 1861. (Received 9.20 oclock.) L. P. WALKER: Special messenger, Doctor Banks, arrived from Hampton. Informs Governors council of the advance of large body of troops, horses, and mules out of Fort Monroe. Crossed creek; advanced a considerable (listance on Virginia soil. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 14, 1861. (Received 11 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Contents last dispatch communicated to me by Mr. Tyler. Have since seen Governor Letcher, who replied to my request for the facts that they were not in shape and was not at liberty to give them even to War Department, but that two messengers had arrived from Hamp- ton. May be more successful to-morrow. D. U. DUNCAN. iI2. Page 91 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDEN CE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 91 COUNCIL CILAMBER, May 14, 1861. Major-General LEE, Commander of Virginia Forces: The council desires me to inform General Lee that an order has been given by the Governor for a special traiti to Staunton to-night to carry the muskets and rifles designed for Grafton. Very respectfully, P. F. HOWARD, [2.1 Secretary of the Council. PRIVATE.] RICHMOND, May 15, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Governors private secretary informs me confidentially that Letcher is aggrieve(l by want of cordiality and freedom of intercourse on part of Administration. [2.] Ii. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 15, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Troops at Fort Monroe taken possession of land three-quarters of a mile from Fort Monroe. Believed for water purposes only. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 15, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Troops from Fort Monroe thought only in search of water. Encamped on farms of Joseph Segar and John Tyler not far from Hampton. Gov- ernors council now in session, noon. Governor perhaps disinclined to give facts last night before submitting to council. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 15, 1861. (Received 10.30 p. in.) Hon. L. P. WALKER: Regiment ordered to be in readiness to march at a moments notice from Washington this morning. Destination unknown, supposed Wheeling. S. W. Spratt arrived from Harpers Ferry. Says there are 7,000 troops there; 500 on Maryland Heights, but no cannon; mostly Marylanders. Two batteries on Virginia side. Thinks movement will be made on Ferry, also sustain Unionists Northwestern Virginia. Lee ordered 2,000 troops to Ferry to-day. Thinks it impossible to hold Ferry without Maryland Heights. Should Letcher order their evacua- tion troops will refuse obedience. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. HEADQUARTERS VIRGiNIA FORCES, Richmond, Va., May 15, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS, Gorernor of North Carolina: GOVERNOR: I regret not having had the pleasure of seeing you when I did myself the honor to call on you during your visit to this city. Page 92 92 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. desired, among other things, to ask whether there were ai~y carriages for field guns, caissons, & c., at the arsenal at Fayetteville which could be spared from the service of your State, and in that event to request that some be forwarded here for service in Virginia, as they are much needed, arid the manufacture of them proceeds slowly. I hope you will pardon the liberty I have taken on the plea of public service. Respectfully, & c., R. E. LEE, [2.1 Major- General, Commanding. RICHMOND, VA., May 16, 1861. President DAVIS: For salvation of our cause come immediately and assume military command. [2.] EDMUND RUFFIN. RICHMOND, May 16, 1861. (Received 2.40 oclock.) L. P. WALKER: British consul at Richmond construes Lord John Russells statemelit to meaii authority iii absence and instructions to recognize Government of the Confederate States. Has already opened communication with Executive of Virginia and North Carolina. Virginia collectors ceased returns to Federal Government. Western Virginia exempted blockade. Wheeling convention adopted resolution providing for another conven- tion 11th of June. Adjourned sine die. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. PETERSBUIWX, May 16, 1861. L. P. WALKER: General Lee and staff here on way to Norfolk. [2.] 1). G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 16, 1861. (Received 9.40 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Commander Harpers Ferry telegraphs Lee to-day: Scotts troops approaching; attack expected to-morrow; everything in readiness to receive attack. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE, STAUNTON, May 16, 1861. Commander-in- Chief, dec.: SIR: Under your order of 6th instant, directing me to call out and muster into the service of the State two regiments of volunteers ,Jpro ceeded immediately to call upon the companies of the nine counties named in said order, and was expecting soon to muster in the specified force. I have, however, been informed to-day by Major Harman, of th Page 93 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 93 quartermasters department, that under directions or advice from Rich- mond, he had directed the force from two or three of these counties to be sent to the northwest. This will prevent me for some time, proba- bly, from raising as large a force as two regiments, but I shall endeavor to raise as many as possible. I have here now two rifle companies and an infantry company, which I will send on to Harpers Ferry as soon as they cau possibly be equipped, which will be iii two or three days. There are also two cavalry companies here, called out a day or two before I reached here by Major Harman, who intended them for the northwest. I shall, however, in compliance with your order of the 15th instant, this evening received, send at least one of these companies to Harpers Ferry. The infantry and rifle companies I shall, unless otherwise directed by you, arm with the flint-lock muskets now here. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. ECHOLS, [2.] Lieutenant- Colonel of Volunteers. RICHMOND, May 17, 1861. L. P. WALKER: About 7,000 Confederate troops at Harpers Ferry, under command of Colonel Jackson. Cannon been placed ou Maryland Heights with Marylaud and Kentucky troops. Colonel iDeas left for Harpers yes- terday. [2.] B. C-. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 17, 1861. (Received 4.10 p. in.) L. P. WALKER: Send formal request to Lee and Letcher [to] communicate freely with me respecting movements of our troops and the enemy, if you so intended. Necessary [for] Letcher [to] instruct manager of telegraph to same effect. Answer immediately. [2.] B. C-. DUNCAN. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 52. 5 Montgomery, May 17, 1861. * * * * * * * Ill. The battalion of light artillery, Louisiana Volunteers, commanded by Maj. J. B. Walton, on being mustered into service at New Orleans, will proceed to Richmond, Va. On arriving at that place Major Walton will report for orders to Maj. Gen. R. E. Lee, commanding. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. FRANKLIN, PENDLETON COUNTY, VA., May 17, 1861. Major HARMAN: Carson, Hogshead, and myself arrived here last night. Captain Mooman seIlt his company on their march to Monterey and he caine with us to this place, and last night sent expresses all over the county to collect the men with their rifles and ammunition here ready to marc Page 94 94 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. by 10 oclock Saturday morning. The militia have just been drawing here, and we ordered in one-half the draft, and promised to receive them as volunteers, provided they bring their own rifles, & c. In this way, to escape a draft, we expect to raise from 100 to 200 riflemen to-morrow and others to follow afterward; splendid soldiers for skirmishing and scouting duty. I will report to you again from Beverly as to the num- ber of men. We made a raise this morning for ammunition, which we report as follows: We purchased, at the Baltimore cost, of Mr. Ander- son, rnercbant here, 6 kegs of rifle powder, F. F. G., Beatty & Du Ponts; 200 Elys military caps for percussion-muskets and minie rifles, 300 (about) flints. Yours, in haste, B. CIITflSTJAN. P. 5.I mustered into service on yesterday Captain Moomans com- pany, which will have 100 men. Mooman is a graduate of the Virginia Military Institute, knows this country and people, and would make a good commander. [2.] MONTEREY, May 17, 1861. [Major IIARMAN:] DEAR MAJOR: We arrived here this evening in good order, no acci- dent happening worthy of note. Highland is all enthusiasm, and our appearance, with the efforts of ordinaiice men here, I think will have a good effect on the wavering and those who had determined to vote against it. I am more convinced of the propriety of the expedition, and only regret that it had not started sooner. Had we been out two weeks ago the northwest would have been all right. Captaiu Moo- mans company is here; also Captain Hulls, numbering together about 210 men and increasing yet. We have various rumors here as to the feeling (war I mean) farther out, one of which, in regard to Bassell, of Upshur, was contradicted by his appearance here to-night. The report bi-ought here by a gentleman from the oil wells was that Bassell had gone to Pennsylvania for troops. The nearer we get to the border I suppose the report will vanish in thin air. We start at 4 oclock in the morning and go to Heveners, where we expected to have reached to-night, but others than myself thought it would be better to remain here, and a friend informed us that grain would be furnished gratis, but it ran out before we got through with the cavalry horses, and there is not enough here to feed us in the morning. We will attend to the vot- ing part, and fight if necessary. We may commence at Beverly. I understand Joseph A. Thompson is a Black Republican, and he is of no further use, and will do as well as any other person for an example. As we pass on I shall trouble you with a note. We expect to reach Beverly Monday night. I have not seen Christian at all. He is in Franklin, and we expect him. here to-night. Yours, truly, [2.] li. TURK. L. P. WALKER: RICHMoND, May 18, 1861. General Mansfield, commanding Washington, issued order 17th, no express matter, inclusive letters, permitte(l hereafter to cross Potomac. Northern mail due to-day not received. [2.] D. G. ]IW2iCA{ Page 95 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 95 GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 18. Richmond, Va., May 19, 1861. I. Brig. Gen. Thomas T. Fauntleroy, Provisional Army of Virginia, will relieve Colonel Magruder, of the artillery, of the command assigned to him in General Orders No. 12, of the 8th instant. Coloner Magruder will assume the duties assigned to him by Orders No. 5 of the 29th ultimo, from the headquarters of the Richmond division of Virginia forces. II. Qol. 11. H. Chilton, of the cavalry of the Provisional Army of Vir- ginia, will relieve Lieut. Col. IR. S. Ewell, of the same corps, in the coin- mand of the cavalry camp at Ashland. Lieutenant-Colonel Ewell will report to Colonel Cocke, commanding at Culpeper Court-House, for service in the instruction of the cavalry under his command. III. Lieut. Col. Joseph Selden, of the infantry of the Provisional Army of Virginia, is assigned to duty as superintendent of the recruit- ing service for the provisional army, and will relieve Col. R. II. Chilton, now on that duty. By order of Major-General Lee: - H. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. NORFOLK, May 19, 1861. General R. E. LEE: The Monticello fired upon the battery erecting at Sewells Point this evening. Fonr guns were mounted. The fire was returned. She was 110 doubt injured, as she soon hauled out of the range of our guns and ceased firing. We are sending additional guns and shot to that point to-night. F. FORREST. [2.] HEADQUARTERS, Gloucester Point, May 19, 18G1. Lieut. Col. R. S. GARNETT, Adjutant- General: COLONEL: I had the honor to inform you, in my communication of the instant, that the light batteries at this post were inefficient in consequence of the want of horses and equipments. Since the date of that communication Capt. H. C. Cabells battery has been supplied with forty-four horses; but his battery consists of only four 6-pounder pieces, while the number of men is entirely disproportionate to the number of field pieces. His command numbers 118. The howitzer bat- tery, which is admirably adapted for service in this country, is entirely deficient in pieces, horses, and equipments. There is but one howitzer with the command, the other being a rifled 6-pounder. Lieutenant Brown has been promoted to a captaincy, an4 I have ordered him to Richmond for the purpose of making such requisition as may be neces- sary to secure the efficiency of his command. I have to ask that the commanding general will order to this post a fall company (Browns) with these additional howitzers, and authorize the requisition. I beg again to repeat the fact that the infantry command is limited to but two companies, and I cannot tell when others from this section will offer themselves for service. Should an effort be made by the enemy to assail this place in rear in any numbers it is manifest that so small a forc Page 96 96 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. would be overwhelmed. I trust I shall be pardoned for making sug- gestions of our weakness, but simply desire to make a statement of facts. The commanding general is informed of the topography of the country, and I feel great diffidence in suggesting the necessity of re- enforcements. No blank forms have been received. I beg you will lorward such as are furnished by your department at your earliest con- venience. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. B. TALIAFERRO, [2.1 Colonel, Commanding. RICHMOND, ]Vfay 20, 1861. L. P. WALKER: About fifty shots exchanged yesterday afternoon between our batter- ies at Sewells Point, eight miles [from] Norfolk, and steamer Star (late Monticello), mostly from latter. Steamer disabled. Two steamers came to rescue about night, but firing had ceased. 1 leave for Norfolk in an hour3 a. m. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 20, 1861. L. P. WALKER; Lee returned last night. Lincoln creates new military district, em- bracing Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, General B. F. Butler com- manding; headquarters, Old Point. Nine regiments ordered Fort Monroe. House Representatives of Kentucky passed resolutions I that the] State maintain strict neutrality. Breckinridge [to] serve under Anderson contradicted. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 20, 1861. (Received 21st.) L. P. WALKER: Supposed Douglas dead. Federal steamers on Potomac carry flags half mast. Steamers Monticello and Minnesota renewed attack on Sew- elis Point to-day. D, G. DUNCAN. [2.] RALEIGH, ]Jliay 20, 1861. President JEFFERSON DAVIS: North Carolina has seceded unanimously by acclamation. JOHN W ELLIS, [1.] Governor. RALEIGH, May 20, 1861. President JEFFERSON DAVIS: Provisional Constitution accepted unanimously by acclamation. JOHN W. ELLIS, [1.] Governor Page 97 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 97 QUARTERMASTERS OFFICE, Staunton, Th., jlray 20, 1861. Governor LETCHER: M~ DEAR SIR: I inclose you letters* from Lient. J. II. Chenowith, from Beverly, which convince me of the importance of re-enforcing the expedition to the northwest, just starting from here under command of Col. H. Turk, until it reaches Beverly, whemi he will report to Colonel Goff. If the three companies of cavalry, viz, Bath, iRockbridge, and Greenbrier, can be armed, Lieutenant-Colonel Echols will send them out to join the expedition as fast as they can be armed. I telegraphed the other day to know if I should purchase the sixty double-barrel shot- guns. Not getting an answer, I purchased them for the town of Staun- ton. 1 have directed Mr. Dodamead to purchase thirty more. Now, if the State will take them, I can easily arrange to get them. I also see from Lieutenant Chenowiths letter that he states that General Lee had ordered that the 600 rifles should be delivered to Colonel Porterfield, at Grafton. My understanding, when I conferred with Colonel Smith, was that when he got to iRichmond he would send up all the arms he could get, and arm the troops to be recruited ou the route. You will see from the letters of Colonels Turk and Christian and Captain Hull that troops enough will be named before the expedition arrives at Bev- erly to take nearly all the arms sent, viz, 600 rifles from Richmond and 400 muskets from here. I hope you will write me and indorse all that I have done,which would otherwise appear as if I was acting without authority, and Major-General Lee might censure me. I have ordered plain hunting shirts and caps to uniform the men recruited on the route, at a cost of less than $3 per man. Is it right that I should send them out to the men ~ I would suggest that you call out 500 to 600 of our militia from the county, arm them with muskets, and send them immediately to the northwest. In my judgment, the way to prevent a Union spirit from gaining ground in that country is to re-enforce them, and that speedily. I am now having the locks of all the muskets here taken off and put in complete order, as many of them are gummed up and need oiling. Those we have had fixed work elegantly. It would not be amiss to send 1,000 men from here and liockbridge and Rocking- ham of the militia, and arm them with muskets. I am having cartridge- boxes and bayonet scabbards made for the muskets. If you have them at Richmond, write me by Mr. Getty and I will stop having them made. Our people, on your requisition, will come immediately to your call. Do me the favor to write me fully by Mix Getty, and instruct me spe- cially in regard to all these matters. I am no military man, and I fear may take too much responsibility and get myself into trouble. Yours, very respectfully, [2.] M. G. HAIIMAN. L. P. WALKEU: RICHMOND, A/Lay 21, 1861. Norfolk, 2lst.Steamer Monticello came up again to-day. Fired twice at Sewells Point battery; was answered by guns large caliber, and drew off. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. Not found. 7 It RYOL LI, PT I Page 98 98 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. iRICInviOND, May 21, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Lord John Russells speech confirmed. Letters of marque recognized. Brig. Gen. A. H. Reeder named commander forces agent [against] Harpers Ferry. Brigadier-General Mansfields division, 25,000inva- sion Virginia. Heavy firing this afternoon below Norfolk. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. RICHMOND, May 21, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Flags half mast yesterday for the death of Colonel Vosburgh, Seventy- first New York Regiment. Report renewal of attack on Sewells Point incorrect. Letcher received dispatch, firing heard Norfolk. Now ascer- tained only testing guns. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. TUESDAY, May 21, 1861.* Present, John J. Allen, president; F. H. Smith, M. F. Maury, R. L. Montague, and T. S. Haymond. The Governor submitted for advice the following subjects: A report of John Crockford to Col. P. St. George Cocke of the organ. ization, under his (Colonel Cockes) orders, of 238 men to guard the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, together with a letter fmom J. S. Bar- bour, jr., president of that road, through whom Mr. Crockford received his instructions, asking that this force, men and omcers, may be mus- tered into service; also other papers connected with the subject. Advised unanimously that it is inexpedient to muster into the service of the State the railway police organized by the president of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad under the orders of Colonel Cocke. This police should be in the pay and under the control of the company, and when necessary may be strengthened by a detail of a military guard by the officers commanding along the line of the road. A letter from Joseph R. Anderson relative to the attempts made by incendiaries to burn down the Tredegar Works, urging the importance to Yirgimiia and to all the Confederate States that these works be pre- served and kept in operation; suggesting that the Eighth Battalion of Virginia Volunteers, manned by the operatives, of which he is major, will, if mustered into service, willingly do the military duty of guard- ing the works, while holding themselves in readiness to aid in the defense of the city, and this without interference with their daily labors in manufacturing arms and implements. This letter comes indorsed by tbe recommendation of Colonel Magruder. Advised unanimously that it is inexpedient to muster the mechanics into the service of the State. The detail of a guard is under the con- trol of the general-in-chief. * * * * * * * The council unanimously advise that the colonel of ordnance be instructed to have the musket machinery of Harpers Ferry put up in the State armory forthwith, and to use the utmost dispatch in getting it into operation. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. RO. L. MONTAGUE. [2.] T. S. HAYMOND. From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 99 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 99 MILITARY IRENDEZYOTJS, ~S~taunton, May 21, 1861. Maj. Gen. li. E. LEE: Sin: I have this morning sent off from this post, with orders to report to Colonel Jack8on, at Harpers Ferry, two companies, one an infantry company from the county of Monroe, numbering eighty-seven men, including commissioned and non-commissioned officers; the other a rifle company from the county of Alleghany, numbering seventy-one men, including commissioned and non-commissioned officers. I have armed both companies with flint-lock muskets, a portion of the arms brought over from Lexington. I find with the western troops a very great indisposition to take these arms, and it would be better, if pos- sible, to give them the improved arms, as most of them are fine marksmen. There remain here now but three companies, two cavalry companies and a rifle company, which last I will send to harper s Ferry as soon as I can get them properly equipped, which will be in a day or two. The cavalry companies were ordered here before I reached the post, for the purpose of sending them to the northwest, as I under- stand. They have not yet been armed, but will be in a day or two, when I shall order them in that direction, in accordance with what seems to have been determined on. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. ECHOLS, [2.] Lieutenant- Colonel. RALEIGH, N. C., May 22, 1861. President JEFFERSON DAVIS: Our arsenal will be transferred to you. Can you induce Governor Letcher to send part of his machinery for making small-arms to us at once~ JOHN W. ELLIS. T. L. CLINGMAN. [Indorsement.] Will endeavor to obtain the requisite machinery. J. I). [1.] WEDNESDAY, May 22, 1861.* Present, John J. Allen, president; F. H. Smith, M. F. Maury, It. L. Montague, and Thomas S. Raymond. * * * * * * * The council unanimously advise that the president of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad organize a protective force to guard exposed por- tions of the road and bridges temporarily, at the expense of the State; of which he is required to make report to the Governor immediately thereafter, stating the number employed and the expense thereof. The council advise that so much of the Harpers Ferry machinery adapted to the manufacture of rifles as can iu the opinion of the ord- nance department be spared without inconvenience to the service of the State and as can be promptly and advantageously employed at Fayetteville be loaned to the State of North Carolina for the purpose of immediately commencing the manufacture of small-arms at that point, and that the Governor of that State be invited to send suitable * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 100 100 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. machinists to Virginia to take charge of so much of said machinery as it may be desirable and expedient to transfer to Fayetteville for the above-named purpose. Messrs. Allen and ilaymond did not concur in the foregoing advice, preferring to leave it to the convention, when it reassembles, to decide what disposition is to be made of the machinery not needed for the service of the State. * * * * * * * JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH M. F. MAURY. RO. L. MONTAGUE [2.] T. S. RAYMOND. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 97. Richmond, Va., ]ifay 22, 1861. I. Col. William B. Blair, of the Provisional Army of Virginia, is announced to the troops serving in the State as commissary-general of subsistence of the Virginia forces. All officers doing duty in that department within the limits of the State are directed to report to him, by letter, without delay, their stations and the nature of the orders under which they are acting. II. The following act of the Congress of the Confederate States, in relation to the clothing of volunteers, having been adopted as far as applicable by the Governor and council of the State as the rule for the government of the Virginia forces, is published for the information of all concerned, viz: SEc. 3. And be it further enacted, That said volunteers shall furnish their own clothes and, if mounted men, their own horses and horse equipments, and when mustered into service shall be armed by the States from which they come or by the Confederate States of America. SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That said volunteers shall, when called into actual service and while remaining therein, be subject to the Rules and Articles of War, and instead of clothing every non-commissioned officer and private in any com- pany shall be entitled, when called into actual service, to money in a sum equal to the cost of clothing of a non-commissioned officer or private in the Regular Army of the Confederate States of America. By command of Major-General Lee: B. S. GARNETT, [.1 Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, West Point I Maj. Gen. B. E. LEE: , lay 22, 1861. GENERAL: The necessity of the Richmond and York River Railroad to your military operations is absolute; and in this connection, if not improper, I res~)ectfuhly call your attention to the bridges across the Pamunkey River and Cohoke Mill Pond. Should they be destroyed the railroad would be comparatively useless to you in a military point of view. You may know that the Pamunkey tribe of Indians live immediately on this side of the Pamunkey bridge, and some of them have said to an old merchant in their immediate neighborhood that the bridge was in danger. This fact has just been communicated to me. One of the Indians communicating the fact is a pilot, and Starke, the merchant, says he seems to feel much uneasiness and apprehension. This may be only fear upon their part. Had the bridge not better be guarded ~ I have called the attention of the railroad agent to th Page 101 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 101 matter, and await your instructions. I have taken measures to keep myself informed, aud would immediately have the Jndiaus before inc if I participated fully in the apprehensions of Mr. Starke and the Indians. IL call your attention to the fact that the mails to this place are only tn-weekly, though any communication may be made daily by the conductor of the cars. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. B. TOMLLK, Commanding West Point. P. 5.Upon consultation with Captain Whittle, I send by return cars a lieutenant, sergeant, and twelve men to guard these bridges till I have your instructions. H. B. T. [Indorsemeut] Direct him to consult Captain Whittle, and if he thinks it necessary, to guard the bridges. [2.] R. E. LEE. RICHMOND, May 22, 1861. Col. R. S. cTARNETT, Adjutant- General: COLONEL: I have the honor to report that there are 630 men from Maryland at and opposite Harpers Ferry (unarmed), 150 at and near the Point of Rocks (one company of sixty men armed), and possibly 200 here desiring to be mustered into service. Many of these men are well drilled, about 300 of them being of the Fifty-third Regiment, Maryland Guard. There are in all about 2,800 reported to me, but only fourteen companies organized. I have been unwilling to bring more into Virginia until steps are taken to properly organize and arm them as they come. I respectfully request instructions on the subject. Your obedient servant, ERAS. J. THOMAS. [Inclosure.] Memorandum. The following is the approximate force from Maryland reported to me as being desirous of going at once into service, being enough to make a most efficient brigade, viz: Men. Fourteen companies infantry 980 Three troops cavalry (mounted) 172 Unorganized, but ready to be mustered in and organized 1,350 Total 2,502 It is desirable, if possible, that about 100 of these be equipped with a field battery. There are five graduates of West Point besides myself in the number, and the material is of a high order. [2.] ERAS. J. THOMAS. EXCHANGE HOTEL, May 22, 1861. Col. R. S. GAiRNETT, Adjutant- General: COLONEL: This will introduce Captain Lanier, of Baltimore. The captain has, at his own expense, brought on some seventy or eight Page 102 102 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CnAP. LXIII. men, and is HOW supporting them ~ut of his own means. He is zeal- ously devoted to the cause, and intends to uniform his ineii at his own expense. Some of them are at Harpers Ferry, some here. If you can enable him to concentrate them it will be very desirable. Yours, faithfully, FRAS. ~. THOMAS. [2.] RICHMOND, May 23, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Richmond and Alexandria, large majority for ratification. Vote against trifling. Commissioners interview Russell, London, 5th. De Russy, Louisiana regiment, proceeded to Yorktown to-day; Bonham to Manassas. [2.] D. G. DUNCAN. AErNO-DON, VA., May 23, 1861. The PRESIDENT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES: I am raising troops by companies rapidly, as authorized by your telegram. It is all important to muster them into service as they join. Give me all necessary authority you judge best. Time is important. [2.] JNO. B. FLOYD. NORFOLK ~ 1861. hay 23, Col. FRANCIS II. SMITH: I thank you for the early intimation you give me that I will be superseded in my command by Brigadier-General Huger. My resig- nation is sent forward by telegraph to the Governor. I shall leave here to-morrow at 6.30 a. in., leaving my command in charge of Colonel Withers, of the Alabama regiment. [2.] WALTER GWYNN. HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, Richmond, Va., May 23, 1861. Col. JUBAL A. EARLY, Commanding, Lynchburg, Va.: COLONEL: In reply to your letter of 21st instant, I am instructed by the general commanding to say that he has no light artillery at present for Captains Jordans and Hupps companies, and it is very difficult to say when field batteries can be prepared for them, if at all; but if it be satisfactory to them he can order one of them to the heavy batteries on Jamestown Island, and the other to those on Craney Island, Norfolk. If these pi~opositions be not acceptable to them and they decline to serve as infantry, you are authorized to muster them out of service. He desires you to send the cavalry companies from Campbell, Bedford, Itoanoke, Botetourt, and Craig Counties to Colonel Cocke, as also the infantry companies, whether there be a sufficient number to organize a regiment or not. I am, & c., R. S. GARNETT, [2.1 Adjutant- General Page 103 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 103 KANAWHA COURT-HOUSE, May 23, 1861. Cot iR. S. GAnNETT, Adjutant- General of Forces, llichrnond, Va.: Su~: Having just made a reconnaissance of the Lower Kanawlia, I have the honor to report that there are at Buffalo five companies com- prising about 350 men. In the adjacent counties there are six or eight companies iii process of formation, and nearly ready to be mustered into service.~ Probably we may count within the ensuing two or three weeks fifteen or sixteeu companies of average strength. Of these two will be cavalry and the others infantry, with perhaps one of artillery. This whole county is destitute of every species of fabric suitable for uniform clothing, and I have been obliged this day to draw upon Lew- isburg for blankets. For reasons which have been well considered (and which I will state in detail, if desired, in a future letter) I have concluded to establish the second camp at the mouth of Coal River, twelve miles below this place. It is not so near the Ohio as Barbours- ville, but has many advantages of locality and convenience that do not appertain to Barboursville. Beyond these considerations I have been influenced by the remarkable manifestations of the popular mind as exhibited on every occasion whenever the occupation of the country in the vicinity of the frontier has beeft discussed or proposed. The people do not renounce allegiance to the State, but declare their pref- erence for the Union. II beg leave respectfully to remind the general- in-chief that this command has not even a regimental staff, and that the duties have been niost faithfully performed by persons hereinafter named, and whom I earnestly recommend for appointment, viz: iNicho- las Fitzhngh, quartermaster; John Dryden, assistant commissary of subsistence; J. F. Watkins, M. D., surgeon; Thompson L. Smith, chaplain. The above are gentlemen of well-established ability and character in this community and it would seem but right that appoint- ments of this nature should be made from the section of the country mostly concerned. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. Q. TOMPKINS, Colonel of Virginia Volunteers, Conunan ding Kanawha Valley. P. S.At the end of the month I will forward the required return of all the forces in this region of the State. [2.] RICHMOND, May 24, 1861. L. P. WALKER: General Bonham has under his command at Manassas Junction and Culpeper Court-House, including Colonel Greggs and Colonel Ker- shaws South Carolina regiments, about 3,000 men. Operator there says preparations rapidly being made to repulse attack by large force. P. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 24, 1861. L. P. XX~ALKER: Telegraph office here has information from Manassas Junction via Lynchburg of the occupation of Alexandria this a. m. by 5,000 Federa Page 104 104 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP: LXI1L troops. Confirmatory of this information is the fact that there are three distinct wires hence to Alexandria, and no answer can be had from latter office. General Lee is much mortified; admits he was unprepared, having oniy 600 troops at Alexandria. Colonel Greggs South Carolina regiment should have been at Manassas Junction last night, also General Bonham. Kershaw leaves to-day. General Lee says he will order another regiment to that post immediately. P. G. DUNCAN. [2.] RICHMOND, May 24, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Returns so far received show almost unanimous ratification of ordi- nance secession. Nothing received from Northwest Virginia. Compe- tent judges estimate majority 140,000. General Lee informs me our troops at Alexandria retired in full view of the enemy to Fairfax Sta- tion, about ten miles. Principal operator at Alexandria arrived at Manassas. D. G. DUNCAN. [24 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 58. * Montgomery, May 24, 1861. * * * * * * IX. The Sixth and Seventh Regiments of Georgia Volunteers will, as soon as they are mustered in at Atlanta on Saturday next, proceed to Richmond, Va., and report for duty to Maj. Gen. R. E. Lee, com- manding. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] Assi8tant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS. HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 19. 5 Richmond, Va., May 24, 1861. The attention of the mustering officers throughout the State is specially called to the law which requires that soldiers shall be at the least eighteen years of age when mustered into the service. It is deemed important that this requirement be strictly adhered to. No man under that age will hereafter be received. By order of Major-General Lee: R. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. MONTGOMERY, May 24, 1861. General R. E. LEE, Richmond, Va.: Is it true that U. S. troops occupy Alexandria? L. P. WALKER, [2. Page 105 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 105 MANASSAS, May 24, 1861. General R. E. LEE: Five thousand troops entered Alexandria at 5 oclock this morning. Our troops retreated in good order just ahead of the enemy. The bridges on the road burnt as f~r as Fairfax Statiou. The troops all here. HENRY 1)ANGERFIELD. [2.] CULPEPEn CounT-HOUSE, May 24, 1861. Col. F. H. SMITH: SIR: Standing here at the wire I have this instant this reply from General Bonham, at Manassas: Alexandria is taken. Colonel Terrett is here with his troops. Answer. PHILIP ST. GEORGE COCKE. [2. COUNCIL CHAMBER, May 24, 1861. General LEE: GENERAL: The telegraph operator here reports that information has been received by way of Lynchburg and Manassas Gap that the Federal troops took possession of Alexandria to-day, our troops withdrawing. Have you had your attention drawn to the importance of Keys Gap, to guard against a movement by the Hampshire road in rear of the Ferry ~ 12.1 Yery res~)ectfully, F. H. SMITH. RICHMOND, JlIay 24, 1861. Hon. HENRY A. WISE, Rolliston, near Norfolk, Va.: DEAR SIR: I must beg your pardon for not sooner replying to your letter of the 3d instant, and beg you to believe that though preveuted by business constantly pressing on my attention, the subject has not been neglected. the importance of the subject and the difficulty of preparing defenses and means of resistance at the many threatened points in the State induced me to lay your letter before the Executive Conneil for their consideration. Since my arrival I have used every exertion to organize troops and prepare resistance against immediate invasion, whiclm has al)peared imniinent, and as almost everything had to be created except the gnus foummd at the Gosport Navy-Yard, these preparations have absorbed all the means I can command. We are still engaged in making gun carriages for the river defenses and field service, preparing ammunition for all arms, constructing mnachines for the manufacture of caps, & c., ammnnition wagons, & c., which must be continued. It seems to me, therePre, impossible at this time to pre- pare a marine battery, such as you describe, which would be effective in carrying out your design as desirable as it would be. All the force and means at Norfolk are now employed in preparing defenses against a water and land approach. Could proper redoubts be erected at Willoughbys and Sewells Points, capable of standing a siege, and with ami armament to comnmand the adjacent waters, they would be o Page 106 106 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. great advantage. Ineffectual batteries would provoke useless conflict and expose to the risk of capture the heavy guns therein placed. This has, in a measure, be en recently exemplified. Those points are so exposed, and so distant from Norfolk, that a large force would be required to protect the batteries there erected. The communication with these batteries would have to be around the head of Tanners Creek, as the bridges across that stream must be destroyed, which would draw a greater force than we could now spare from the imme- diate defenses of Norfolk and Gosport. These points can be approached in so many ways, from Lynuhaven, Willoughby and Sewell Bays, Eliza- beth River, Nansemond River, by way of Suffolk, & c., that unless covered by a very large force, our lines must be contracted. The officers who examined the subject thought it unadvisable to expose large guns at the present time south of Tanners Creek, but to rely upon field batteries and movable columns to retard and resist a landing oii that neck, and to rely upon the defenses behind that creek, both by land and water, to arrest invasion. A line of redonbts is about being constructed from Tanners to Taylors Creeks to close that approach, aiid the water batteries south of Tanners Creek, on the right bank of the Elizabeth River, strengthened. Although a redoubt had been commenced on Sewells Point, it was considered so insecure that no guns had been mounted. That was the reason that only field guns could be brought against the steamer on the late occasion. I hope in time our troops and operations will become better organized. At pres- ent great allowatice must be made on account of the want of instruc- tion of the men and the inexperience of officers. General B. Huger, formerly of the U. S. Army, au officer of great merit, has been assigned to the command at Norfolk, and I hope will be able to secure it against successful invasion. Permit me to hope that you are relieved from your distressing attack of indisposition, and are able to give your pow- erful aid to your State in this time of peril. The services of no one, I am sure, will be more valuable to her. I have written with many things pressing on my attention, and have been necessarily brief. With the highest respect and esteem, I am, very truly, [2.1 II. E. LEE. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT Paleigh, N. C., May 24, 18G1. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE, Commanding Por~es of Virginia: GENERAL: Your favor of the 1.5th instant was duly received, and in reply I regret to say that upon inquiry of Colonel Bradford, chief of our ordnance, there are no gun carriages at the Fayetteville Arsenal which would be suitable for your purpose. I have ordered some to be made, which, however, will require time. I have three field batteries of bronze pieces. One has four 6-pounders and two howitzers; two others, two 6-pounders, two 12-pounders, two howitzers, and one rifled piece each. These three batteries are in perfect order, and I have directed them to be mounted at once. Indeed, two of them have been partially mounted for some weeks. I will send them to Virginia very soon, if desired. Besides these I have from twenty to thirty 6 and 12 pounders, most of which are in good order. Two caissons, two ammu- nition wagons, and several pairs of harness will be needed for the us Page 107 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 107 of the batteries named, which I propose to purchase in Richmond after the batteries are sent over. I regret exceedingly my absence when you called on me Iii Richmond. I was particularly anxious to have seen you and to talk over with you matters of interest to both the States of Virginia and North Carolina. Two of our volunteer regiments have gone forward to Richmond. The Third Regiment Volunteers will leave in a day or two, and the Fourth is in rapid progress of organization. In the meantime ten regiments of State troops, enlisted for the war, are fitting out, and it is probable two of them will go forward in two weeks or ten days. We have been in daily expectation of receiving from Vir- gin ia such of the machinery from Harpers Ferry as will enable us to l)rO ceed to manufacture small-arms. We could do it in two months from receipt of the machinery. So important is it that a free transit should be kept open between our port at Beaufort and the city of Norfolk that our attention has been turned to the defense of our inlets and the sounds, We hope to complete those defenses very soon. My weak state of health precludes me from saying much that I would desire to have added. I am, general, with much esteem, very respectfully, yours, [1.] JOIIN W. ELLIS. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND LNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 59. Montgomery, May 25, 1861. * * * * * * IV. Colonel Motts regiment of Mississippi Volunteers (Pope W~4a~: Legion), ordered to rendezvous at Oxford, Miss., will, as soon na it ~s organized and l)repared, proceed to Richmond, Va., and report to Major- General Lee. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITi~ ERS, 12.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 119. Richmond, May 25, 1861. 1. Col. R. E. Withers regiment of Virginia Volunteers will proceed by railroad to-morrow~ at such hour as the railroad officers may appoint with the quartermasters department, to Manassas Junction and report for duty to Brigadier-General Bonham. 2. The Second Regiment of Tennessee Volunteers, under Colonel Bate, will proceed by railroad to-morrow, at such hour as the railroad officers may appoint with the quartermasters department, to Freder- icksburg and report to Colonel Rnggles for service nnder his command. Upon their arrival, Colonel Ruggles will send to Manassas Junction to rejoin their regiment the two companies of the First Regiment of Vir- ginia Volunteers now under his command. 3. The Second Regiment of North Carolina Volunteees, under Colonel Williams, will proceed by railroad to-morrow, at such hour as the rail- road officers may appoint with the quartermasters department, to Nor- folk and report for service under the command of Brigadier-General Huger Page 108 108 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. 4. The staff departments will take measures to supply the wants of these troops for the execution of their orders. By order of Major-General Lee: 15. 5. GA1INETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. MANASSAS JUNCTION, May 25, 18G18.45 p. m. Maj. Gen. ROBERT E. LEE, Commander-in- Chief Virginia Forces: Sin: Brigadier-General Bonham, having beeu ordered to assume com- mand of the Line of Alexandria, passed my headquarters en route to Manassas Junction on Wednesday, 22d iustant, at 12 m. On the morning of the 23d we ascertained that the enemy had entered and occnpied Alexandria in force, and that Colonel Terrett had effected his retreat to Manassas, not, however, without the loss of Captain Balls troop of cavalry, captured by the enemy. I immediately upon the knowledge of these facts telegraphed to General Bonham, sending a description and enumeration of all the available forces at this place under my command, and stating that I would await his orders in regard to forwarding them to his support. On the same day and evening of that day General Boriham by telegraph requested me to send forward all the effective troops. Accordingly two troops of cavalry were put in march for Manassas, whilst six companies of infantry (other compa- rues of this command not being equipped and ready for active service) were held in readiness awaiting transportation by the railroad. One train was procured from Manassas, and at 4.30 a. in. 24th instant I departed myself with the first detachment, three companies of infantry, Colonel Stranges regiment, taking with me Assistant Adjutant-Gen- eral Jones, Lieutenant-Colonel Jordan, Lieutenant-Colonel Ewell, Cap- tain Harris, of the engineers, and his assistant, Mr. John Grant. I reached Manassas 7.30 a. m. 25th instant. Three other companies 01 infantry being obliged to wait for transportation came up to Manassas in the afternoon of the same day. The two troops of cavalry which had marched via Warrenton Springs reached Maim assas the same eveii- ing. I was thus enabled to carry promptly forward to the support of General Bonbam all the available and efficient force from this post. Upon reaching that post I had supposed I mnight be assigned to some command or duty there, especially if the enemy were expected to make an immediate attack. In this latter case I should have at least the coin- mand of Colonel Stranges battalion, which I had carried with me; but I had no regiment of my own, and being ranked by Colonel Terrett, I could have nothing more than a majors command at that post, and of the troops carried down by me, and of which, nevertheless, I would gladly have remained in command had I been allowed to do 5() by Gen- eral Bonham. But the general determined otherwise, and tIme same evening expressed to me his desire that I should return to my head- quarters and resume the work of rallying and organizing forces, and forwarding the same to his relief. He seemed to think it also impor- tant that there should be (in time) gathered here a strong reserve, or supporting body of men; and I was therefore directed to proceed by train the same night to my headquarters at Culpeper Court-House. No extratraincouldbeprocured,andlwasobligedtowaitfortheregular 8 oclock train of the next morning, the 26th instant. I remain, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, PHILiP ST. GEORGE COCKE, [2.] Colonel, Virginia Yolnnteers, Commanding Page 109 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 109 HEADQUARTERS VIRGiNIA FORCES, Grafton, May 25, 1861. Col. li. S. GARNETT, Adjutant- General Virginia Porce8, Richmond, Va.: COLONEL: I assembled two companies at Pruntytown, three miles from this place, on the 18th. The same night the State bridge across Tygarts Valley iRiver, one mile from this place and between these towns, was fired by some disaffected persons, and was near being destroyed. The next day I stationed the two companies, about 100 men, upon the bridge, as it afforded good qnarters. On the 22d I was joined by Captain Turners company from Clarksburg. With these companies I went into Grafton without meeting the threatened resist- ance, though some disorder was shown by the mob. On the night of the 22d one of my sentinels was assaulted and fired upon by two armed persons, the ball cutting through his ear. The sentinel fired in retnrn and killed one of his assailants. The other escaped~ though hred npon by another sentinel. I have retained the arms fonud in the hands of the dead man and given np his body to his friends. Yesterday even- ing the train from Beverly and the escort arrived. To-day I have brought four infantry and one cavalry company into this town. The town is badly located and laid out to be occupied by a military force. It is also snrro~nded by eminences of snch position and extent as to require several thousand men to hold it properly. Artillery on either of these hills wonld fully command the town. The force now here is undisciplined, and I am greatly in need of officers acqnainted with their dnties. I have but two or three officers at all acqnainted with their duty, and these can effect but little upon a mass of militia. The quartermasters and commissaries are also inexperienced, and this is the cause of confusion and injury to the service. Having little or no assistance, I cannot correct the numerous errors constantly arising. I am not satisfied with my position here. It is weak, untenable by such a force as this against a few pieces of artillery, and yet I cannot recommend the sending of artillery here without a sufficient infhutry force to protect it, for I can assure you that if they choose the enemy can bring with them from these northern counties ten to one against us. I will do the best I can, however, under all circumstances. The cavalry companies here require pistols or rifles. So far as the defense of this place is concerned, cavalry is useless. It can act effectively only in patrolling the county. There are two companies of this arm now here without arms. I must order them home or equip them as infantry. I am munch in need of cartridge-boxes and cap-boxes, and instructions for the commissary and quartermasters departments. At the request of citizens of this county I send this by a special messenger, Lieutenant- Colonel Heck, who will give their views as to the state of affairs here~ Very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE A. POIRTEIIFIELD, ~2.] Colonel of Volunteers, Commanding. RALEIGH, N. C., May 25, 1861. President JEFFERSON DAvIS: The arms in the Fayetteville Arsenal, 37,000 stand, are placed at your disposal. I have mounted the pieces in battery. Have two bat- teries of rifled cannon. Have a camp in Raleigh. Troops coming b Page 110 110 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. every train; will have a regiment ready by Monday. What must I do with it? The people are a unit waiting for an advance on Washington. [1.] J. W. ELLIS. NORFOLK, May 26, 1861. [Maj. Gen. H. E. LEE:J GENERAL: Capt. J. A. Johnston, assistant quartermaster, reported yesterday. As the quartermasters is the only department through which funds can be disbursed, everything was paralyzed until his arrival. On examination of the lines and batteries, I find the work is much retarded for want of implements. A supply of horse carts and wheelbarrows would expedite the work more than half I could find neither of these articles in the neighborhood yesterday. I hope to get a few and must send off an agent to get a limited number as soon as possible. This is an expense which 1 must take the responsibility of incurring. I have reason to believe some of the troops are very scantily supplied with percussion caps, and if you have any source of supply please have some sent. With a little time and meais I hope to get the defenses in order. The reports from Hampton this morning are that the troops from Old Point have occupied the town and the farm of Mr. Segar. There has been a good deal of firing near Segars farm; whether it is practicing or some of the Hampton people have been firing at them from the woods, I am not certain. The flag-ship Minne- sota went to sea last evening. This afternoon a flag of truce was received, sent by Commander Pendergrast, to request the families of persons (Irish names), seamens wives, I presume, might be allowed to leave. I notified him I would send them to him on Tuesday afternoon. The camp beyond Mill Creek is extending westward, and another trans- port steamer with troops arrived at Fort Monroe to-day. Monday morning at 3 a. m. Colonel Williams regiment, from North Carolina~ arrived from Richmond. Monday, 27th, at 4 a. m. two dift~rent parties met in my room, unknown to each other, both with the same story. Some 1,500 troops had landed in Camden County, ten miles south of Elizabeth City. My last report yesterday from Sewells Point reported some more small vessels towed out to sea. They are probably collect- ing a large force there for a main attack from the south. I telegraphed to you at 5 a. m. and also to Governor Ellis. I propose the line from Deep Creek to Great Bridge, along the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal, as my defensive line, but will know better when I see more about it. 7.30 a. m.A messenger just in brings the intelligence I have just telegraphed to you, viz, that the report of landing of troops in Camden County is false. I would not have credited it without further informa- tion, but two sets of messengers, who had ridden all nibht thirty miles, met in my room. They were from different sides of the river, and each gave the same account without any previous consultation. I have stood strong circumstantial evidence before, and kept all quiet when everybody else was credulous, but they caught me this time. 8.30 a. m.Steamer from Old Point, with boats in tow, landing troops at Newport News. 10 a. m.The Harriet Lane has gone up James River beyond New- port News. I want some spy-glasses. Could you have them purchased in Richmond (none here) if I send requisition to the quartermaster? BENJ. HUGER, [2.1 Brigadier- Gen,ercd, Commanding Page 111 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 111 LYNCHBURG, May 26, 1861. Col. R. S. G-ARNETT, Adjutant- General Virginia Forces: COLONEL: On Friday the muskets sent by Colonel Dimmock to me were received except the twenty boxes, and I issued orders forthwith for arming the regiment under the command of Colonel Preston in which I had substituted two companies from Bedford, commanded by Capts. William L. Wingileld and J. McG. Kent, for the artillery com- panies of Captains Jordan and llnpp, in order that I might send them to Colonel Cockes command. On yesterday morning I was informed, while waiting at the place of deposit of the arms to issue them, that several of the companies had mutinied and declared that they would not take muskets, as they were rifle companies. I had to proceed to the camp and take very summary measures to quell the disaffection, and assume a power which was justified by the emergency of the case. I had the regiment drawn up, and stated to it that the enemy had landed at Alexandria, and might be marching into the interior; that it was to be sent with these arms, which were the best the State had, toward the enemy, and that men who would refuse to take them under such circumstances could not be relied upon, and I would discharge forthwith all who should refuse any longer to take the arms I offered them. I then called upon all who would refuse to step forward, and there were only eight who did so, and these men I ordered to be dis- charged without pay or transportation home, with the declaration that their names and the causes of their discharge should be published in the papers. The balance of the regiment then cheerfully took the muskets, with the exception of a company from Campbell, commanded by Captain Whitlow, which had old State rifles, without bayonets. I am aware that I exercised a power with which I was not properly vested, but it was the only way to deal with the disaffected men, as the appeals of their own officers and Colonel Preston had proved unavail- ing. Having made the threat to discharge recusants, I had to carry it out, relying upon the commanding general to sanction my course. The men discharged were three privates from the Craig company, com- manded by Captain Wilson; one private from a Campbell company, commanded by Captain Clement; two privates from a Bedford com- pany, commanded by Captain Bowyer, and two privates from another Bedford company, commanded by Captain Wingfleld, though the dis- affection was principally in two companies from Botetourt and one from Craig. The men discharged were hooted out of camp by the rest of the regiment; and the course I pursued has had a happy effect, and will continue to do so on the men hereafter to be armed. I sent nine companies this niorning, armed with the altered percussion muskets, to Manassas Junction, under command of Colonel . They num- bered 640 besides the commissioned officers. Some of the companies went off without muster-roll, as Lieutenant-Colonel Langhorne has been very slow in having them made out. Captain Whitlows company I did not send, because I had no ammunition for their rifles and did not think they would be of much service. The company numbers only fifty-three. including commissioned officers, and this morning the cap- tain showed me a telegraphic dispatch from Governor Letcher directing him to go home to recruit and take his company with him. I suppose this must have been in reply to some representation from the captain himself. I permitted him to go with his company, hoping they would not return, as I did not like the temper shown by the captain or his company in refusing to exchange their useless rifles for an efficien Page 112 112 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. weapon when there was an order to proceed to a point where they would in all probability shortly meet the enemy. The companies of Captains Jordan and Hnpp have elected to go to the heavy batteries on Jamestown and Craney Islands, and they will proceed to Richmond to-morrow and report to you. Before the news was received of the occupation of Alexandria Col- onel iRadford had declared his preference for commanding the cavalry companies, and I therefore assigned Colonel Preston to the command of the infantry regiment which I sent off. Thei e are four companies of cavalry here, one from Campbell, one from Bedford, one from Botetourt, and one from Franklin, and they are very fine companies. They are all armed with sabers, the Franklin company having indifferent sabers of an old pattern. It also bronght down sixty-three flint-lock pistols of the old pattern. These companies are, I expect, the best mounted cavalry companies in the State, and if they could be efficiently armed they would render fine service. I have directed them to get all the double- barrel shotguns they could. Ai-e there any cavalry weapons or equipments which could be issued to them ~ Besides Captains Hupps and Jordans companies and Captain Whitlows, there are now here four companies of infantry, mustered into the service from Franklin, Floyd, Carroll, and Giles, and one from Pulaski not mustered. I understand there will be several more here in a day or two, and there are no tents or knapsacks for them. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, ~. A. EARLY, [2.1 Colonel of Volunteers. QUARTERMASTERS OFFICE, VIRGINIA VOLUNTEERS, Staunton, Va., Allay 2G, iSGi. [Governor LETCHER :1 Mv DEAR SIR: I inclose you the letters* of Major Turk, Colonel Christian, and my special messenger, Doctor Wayt. You will see from the letters that the expedition has proved a success. I have, in accord- ance with your dispatch by your aide, Col. S. Bassett French, sent 500 shirts and 100 pairs of pants, and directed them to be issued and the captain of each companys receipt to be taken, specifying that the cost of- same was to be deducted froum the pay of the men. On yesterday I started the battalion cavalry, well armed, to Grafton. The Greenbm-ier Cavalry, a fine body of men, arrived to-day, and I send W. H. Peyton, esq., down to get army pistols, double-barrel shotguns, or single-barrel shotguns, to enable me to arm this company and send them at once to Grafton. I have nearly sabers enough and ten pairs of pistols and holsters, and with the aid you can give me doubtless can arm them. I regret to report the desertion of ten men belonging to the Greenbrier Sharpshooters, Captain Brown, last night. I have sent after them, and hope to overtake them and bring them back. Major Turk and Colonel Christian went the very first men to Harpers Ferry, and when, by the action of the convention, they were cut off, without a muimur, when I called on them to head the expedition to Grafton, they, with James J. A. Trotter, James E. Carson, and Capt. H. L. Opie, started and traveled night and day with the expedition, and have succeeded. Allow nine to urge upon Your Excellency that you appoint Colonels Turk, Christian, and Trotter to such positions as you can assign them in the volunteer service of the State in the northwest. Such services Not found Page 113 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 113 ought to be rewarded, and Turk is one of the most gallant men in the State. Your letter by Mr. Getty came to hand to-day, and I assure you I feel most highly complimented by the estimate you hold my serv- ices to my State, which I know far exceeds my merits. Colonel Echols has gone to B arpers Ferry, and leaves rue in command here. I need aid, and II. M. Bell, esq., has been assisting me. Give him an appoint- ment, and he will be able, as he has heretofore done, to give efficient aid to the State. Of his qualifications and high character I need not say one word to you, as you know him well. Yours, truly, [2.] M. G. HAIRMAK. NEW BEHNE, N. C., May 26, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLis, Raleiyh, N. C.: GOvERNOR: I find here some twenty barbette carriages, framed and partly framed, only requiring irons to make them complete and ready for the reception of the guns. I would very respectfully suggest that the irons for their completion be ordered immediately. If the raw materials could be had they could be manufactured here. I am hurry- ing on to Fort Macon. On my return, which I expect I shall have to do in order to get a boat to make an examination of the sounds, I will send you a bill of the irons required, either manufactured or unmanu- factured. I would respectfully advise the organization of an ordnance board without delay, to consist of one lieutenant-colonel and ten corn- petent mechanics or suitable agents, to be appointed by the lieutenant- colonel, for the purpose of manufacturing gun carriages, and who shall be charged with the whole business of receiving, being accountable for and issuing and taking receipts for the same of all the arms and muni- tions of war. I observe great facilities for making wheelbarrows, the frames of many of which are already prepared. I observe, also, a large amount of lumber on hand, much suitable for making wagons. I advise that proper authority be given to the quartermasters department to have a number of wagons and wheelbarrows made immediately. I would suggest that orders be given to the various cotton factories in the State to manufacture a large amoun t of tent cloth, shirting, and light cassinette for soldiers clothes. I would advise that assistant quartermasters and commissaries be appointed at the principal depots, New Berne, Wilmington, and the different encampments, to be aided by details from the line of clerks, subalterns, non-commissioned officers, and privates, as many as be required, by the officer commanding the department or corps. I will report to you from time to time as I progress on my tour. ,[ have the honor to be, Your Excellencys obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, [1.] Brigadier- General. RICHMOND, May 27, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Norfolk, 9 a. m. 27th.Five ships of war entered mouth of James River, landing troops at Newport News. Have just returned from Manassas Junction. General Bouham has 7,000 men there. Greggs South Carolina regiment advanced seven 8 R HVOL LI, PT I Page 114 114 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CRAP. LXIII. miles nearer Alexandria; 12,000 to 15,000 Federal troops in and near Alexandria. Landing more from Washington by steamers. They had batteries on Arlington Heights and junction Loudoun and Hampshire Railroad. Federal troops not advanced from Alexandria, so far as I could reliably ascertain. Every train brings troops from Lynchburg to Manassas Junction, General Lee says, without arms, which he is unable to supply. Two of the injured Carolinians from collision are since dead, after amputation of limb. D. G. DUNCAN. [2.] GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 21. Richmond, TTa., May 27, 1861. I. Officers in command of troops traveling upon railroads or other public conveyances are required to enforce strict discipline among their men. When the trains or conveyances stop momentarily the men must be prevented from leaving their places, unless necessary, and from going to public bar rooms, where the limited time and their numbers are apt to produce difficulties with the proprietors and citizens. They will be strictly prohibited from riding on the platforms or tops of the cars. II. To prevent accidents detrimental to the interest of the State, the telegraph operators on lines in Virginia are urged to give preference over all other business at their offices to messages concerning the movement of trains carrying troops or munitions of war. By command of Major.General Lee: B. S. GAI4NETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 22. Richmond, Va., May 27, 1861. Capt. F. W. Smith, of the Provisional Army of Virginia, is announced to the troops serving in the State as military secretary of the com- manding general of the Virginia forces. By order of Major.General Lee: lit. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant. General. NAVY-YARD, Norfolk, Va., May 27, 1861. General BEAUREGARD, C. S. Army, & c.: GENERAL: I start this daytwelve 42-pounders and twelve 32-pounders (latter 61 tons weight). The 32-pounders will be furnished with carriages in eight days; the 42-pounders in twelve days. The pressure on the yard is excessive, and I am doing my best to forward the guns, & c. This entire State (as well as North Carolina) is depending on this yard. You can fancy the difficulties that are in my way. In great haste, respectfully and truly, yours, J. N. MAFFITT, [2.] Confederate states Navy Page 115 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 115 MONDAY, May 27, 1861.* Present John J. Allen, president; Frmcis H. Smith, M. F. Manry, Robert L. Montague, and T. S. Haymond. * * * * * * * General Lee having brought to the notice of the council that the military operations of the forces in Virginia are most seriously preju- diced by publications in the form of correspondence and other articles which appear in some of the newspapers of the city: Advised unanimously that the editors of the city papers be earnestly requested to abstain in future from all publications which relate to the movement, number, or disposition of troops, receipt or shipment of sup- plies, and in general of everything that in military operations it would be essential to keep from the enemy, and also to abstain from publish- ing sensational dispatches which telegraphic communications daily announce. The council consider the public safety imperatively demands a compliance with this request. Advised unanimously that the commanding officers at Harpers Ferry and Grafton be ordered to take possession of the post-offices at those places and appoint persons of known loyalty, fitness, and fidelity to administer the same. Advised unanimously that the board of visitors be requested to establish at the University of Virginia a laboratory, in connection with the ordnance department of this State, for the purpose of assisting in the l)reparatiolls of munitions of war, and that the duty of superintend- ence and management be assigned to suitable professors, to whom no additional compensation shall be given. * * * * * * * JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAUHY. RO. L. MONTAGUE. [2.] T. S. HAYMOND. LYNCHBURG, May 27, 1861. Maj. Gen. H. E. LEE: There is an Arkansas regiment here, 90() strong, under command Colonel Fagan; mustered into service Confederate States. It is armed and can be ordered away, which Major Clay, senior officer here of the Confederate Army, suggests had better be done, as it is doing no good here. I sent mine (nine companies) yesterday to Manassas Junction. No arms here from North Carolimia, except those sent me by Colonel Dimmock. J. A. EARLY, [2.] Colonel, Commanding. LYNCHBURG, May 27, 1861. General R. E. LEE: I have a dispatch froni my son, adjutant of Garlands regiment, at Manassas Junction, saying the enemy was advancing, and that our troops were going out to meet them. The Arkansas regiment is here * From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 116 116 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. armed; also other troops. The president of the Orange and Alexandria road is here, who says he can carry nearly a regiment by the mail train at 5 oclock in the morning. JOHN G. MEEM. [2.] GENERAL ORDERS, STATE OF NORTH CAROLiNA, ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, No. 2. ) Raleigh, JIllay 27, 1861. I. The coast defenses of the State will be divided into two depart- ments, to be known as the Sonthern and Northern Departnjents of the Coast Defense. The Southern Department will embrace the counties of Brunswick, Columbus, Bladen, New Hanover, Sampson, Duplin, and the southwest portion of Onslow, commencing at the northwest corner of the county, running due southeast to New River, and including that river and inlet. The Northern Department will embrace all that por- tion of the State lying between the Soathern Department and the Vir- ginia line on the north and the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad on the west. Brig. Gen. T. H. Holmes is hereby assigned to the command of the Southern, and Brig. Gen. Walter Gwynn to the command of the Northern Department. The generals commanding will establish their headquarters at the most convenient points in their respective depart- ments and report the same to this office. * * * * * * * By order of the commander-in-chief: H. II. RIDDICK, [1.] Assistant Adjutant- General. NEW BERNE, May 27, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS: GOVERNOR: I find Fort Macon much more exposed than I had supposed. But one heavy gun has been as yet mounted on the channel. There are no land defenses, and the guns on every face of the fort, both by land and sea, are exposed to an enfilade or flank fire. No traverses have been erected to protect them. The guns are all in barbette, with- out merlons to protect either them or the men. The work in progress, that of leveling the sand banks adjacent to the fort, is judicious, but most expensively conducted, the earth being removed by handbarrows. I have directed a number of wheelbarrows to be made and sent to the fort as soon as possible. The complete defense of the fort will be expensive and a work of time, and its plan will require more time than I have at my command, as a steam-boat is now ready for me, and I am, in conformity with your orders, anxious to get through with an exami- nation of the coast defenses and to endeavor to procure what may be necessary. For Fort Macon alone there will be required for one item thirty-seven heavy guns, and if it is designed completely and effectually to protect Beanfort Harbor, not less than 2,000 men. I will give orders for the necessary works, hasten my return to Raleigh as far as may be consistent with my duties, and make to Your Excellency a full report. In the meantime I would advise that 10,000 two-bushel bags be sent to Fort Macon. Before leaving Raleigh I took upon myself the responsi- bility of authorizing Doctor Alston, of Warren, to hire some hands for the coast defenses. Under a proper officer of engineers 400 hands ~~ul Page 117 cHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 117 well be employed in and about Fort Macon. J shall pass through Nor- folk and endeavor to procure what may be necessary for the coast defenses, in regard to which I feel very anxious. I have the honor to be, Your Excellencys most obedient servant, WALTER cTWYNN, [1.1 Brigadier- General, State of North Carolina. NEW BERNE, May 27, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS: GOVERNOR: I inclose you herewith a copy of a communication which I have this day addressed to Colonel Tew. My letter to him was based on my observation at the fort, where I spent the greater part of the day. Although the fort is under command of Colonel Tew, a very accomplished officer, I consider the discipline and drill of the men very imperfect. Matters would grow worse under a less competent officer. I therefore respectfully suggest that Colonel Tew, provided with drill officers, be continued in command for the present. I suppose the officers for drilling could be supplied from the cadets at Hillsborough. I have the honor to be, Your Excellencys obedient servant, WALTER 0-WYNN, Brigadier- General, State of North Carolina. [Thelosure.] PORT MACON, May 27, 1861. Col. C. C. TEW, Second infantry Regiment, Commanding Fort Macon: COLONEL: It is my desire that you should continue to conform to the request of General Holmes to remain in command of Fort Macon until you shall receive further orders. I will write to His Excellency the commander-in-chief, and hope to exonerate you from any blame. 1 am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WALTER 0-WYNN, [1.1 Brigadier- General, State of North Carolina. TUESDAY, May 28, 1861.* Present, John J. Allen, president; F. H. Smith, M. F. Maury, Robert L. Montague, and T. S. Haymond. The following subjects were brought before the council and advised upon: * * * * * * * A communication from General Mitchell W. West and others, officers of the militia of the counties of the Eastern Shore, asking instructions upon various points upon which some definite policy is deemed impor- tant for the security of that section. Upon this communication the following advice was proposed: Advised that it be recommended to the counties on the Eastern Shore to preserve a vigilant military patrol, to extinguish all their lights, and to encourage the enterprise of their citizens to introduce such munitions of war as may be wanted for their own use or that of the army of the State. It is not deemed expedient to make reprisals, to engage in any active military demonstrations, or to arrest or otherwise interfere at present with the disaffected in proccedirigs of the Advisory Council of the State of Yir~inia Page 118 118 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPI? S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII their midst unless they should make some open demonstrations to resist the authorities of the State. It is further advised that the Governor appoint a colonel, lieutenant-colonel, major, assistant quartermaster, assistant commissary, and surgeon of volunteers, and that the field oflicers appointed be authorized to organize volunteer companies of cavalry, infantry, and riflemen, to muster them into the service of the State, and to employ said companies in the defense of their counties and in resisting all aggressions upon their rights from abroad, in the mode best calculated to secure the public peace and safety. It is fur- ther advised that copies of the acts of the convention of the State be sent to these counties and that the attention of the military be dis- tinctly called to the provisions of ordinance authorizing the Governor to call out volunteers, from which it appears that said volunteers are not to be under the command of the militia officers of the State unless the militia be called into active service. The senior officer of volun- teers will command the battalion thus mustered into service, and will report from time to time, as the exigencies may require, the condition of affimirs in said counties to the Governor of Virginia. Mr. Manry proposed to amend this by striking out the words it is not deemed expedient to make reprisals, to engage in any active mili- tary demonstrations, or and inserting in place thereof it is advised to act on the defensive and not. A vote being takeim on this amendment, Mr. Manry voted for it, the rest of the council against it. The advice as first proposed was then unanimously adopted. The council unanimously advised that the Governor detail one non- commissioned officer and ii sufficient nnmber of men from the public guard to protect and guard the arsenal at the Bellona Foundry, and that they be stationed there for that purpose. It was proposed by Mr. Maury to advise the Governor to direct that measures be taken to provide for the payment of the interest on the State debt. This proposition was by the council laid over for the pres- ent, in order that inquiry might first be made whether the financial offi- cers of the State may not already be taking the requisite steps to effect the object desired. * * * * * * * Proposals of D; T. Bisbie to furnish the following arms, deliverable in Havana, and to be paid for on delivery at the prices affixed, the arms to be of the regular standard quality: Two thousand five hundred Lapacheaux revolvers like sample furnished, at $17 each~ 5 000 En rifles, complete, at $20 each; 2,500 cavalry sabers, field complete, at $8 each; 2,500 artillery sabers, at $7 each, with insurance added; or the same arms delivered in Virginia free of all charges or risks whatever, at an advance of 22 per cent. on the prices named. Advised unanimously that the proposition to furnish arms to be deliv- ered within the State be accepted; the arms to be paid for upon their being inspected and approved by officers to be appointed by the State, as being of the kind and quality named; provided that one-half of said arms be delivered on or before the 10th day of August next, and the balance on or before the 1st day of September following; and that there be included in such delivery 100 complete rounds for each piece, for which a fair compensation will be allowed. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS II. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. 110. L. MONTAGUE. T. S. HAYMONJJ Page 119 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 119 The sample pistol mentioned above was sent to the colonel of ordnance for safe-keeping. P. F. HOWARD, [2.] Secretary of Council. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 128. 5 Richmond, Va., May 28, 1861. I. The commanding officer at Ashland will select two efficient com- panies from his command and order them to repair to this city without delay and report to the acting quartermaster-general for transportation to Yorktown, where they will report themselves for service to Colonel Magrnder. II. Colonel Hodges regiment of Virginia Volunteers will proceed to-morrow, at such hour as the quartermasters department may appoint, to Jamestown Island, and there establish themselves as a protecting force for the batteries. III. Captain Jordans and Captain Hupps companies of artillery will proceed to-morrow at such hour as the quartermasters department may appoint, the first to Jamestown Island and the second to Craney Island, Norfolk, and report to the commanding officer for service with the heavy batteries at those points. IV. The staff departments will supply the necessary wants of these troops for the execution of their orders. They will take sufficient rations (cooked) to last them during their journey. By order of Major-General Lee: IR. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, VA., iJfay 29, 1861. Governor JOHN W. ELLIS, Raleigh, N. C.: Please urge forward your regiments with the greatest speed. They should be armed and supplied with ammunition and equipments. Can you forward percussion caps ~i JEJ2FN DAVIS. [2.] RALEIGH, N. C., ]Jifay 29, 1861. JEFFERSON DAVIS: The Third Volunteers leave for Suffolk to-morrow. The Fourth will leave as soon as fixed ammunition is ready. We could send you two or three more regiments of twelve-months men if you would take them. Hope to send one regiment of regulars within ten days. No caps to spare. We have more men than we can provide clothing and equip- meiits for. This causes all our delay. JOHN W. ELLIS. [2.] CHARLESTON, S. C., 3iliay 29, 1861. President DAVIS: Telegram received. How many regiments must I start l I have five ready, all except the formal mustering in. I will start the Eighth o Page 120 120 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Saturday from Florence, the others Tuesday and Wednesday, if you will give orders to Captain Lee here to provide transportation. Where shall they report l Under whose command l General Beauregard is now starting. F. W. PICKENS. [2.] RICHMOND, VA., May 29, 1861. Governor ,FRA~CIS W. PICKENS, Charleston, S. C.: The President wishes you to send three regiments immediately, and have the others in readiness to move. The troops are to go to Suffolk, Va., near Norfolk. Orders sent by telegraph to Captain Lee. GEG. DEAS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, Gloucester Point, May 30, 1861. Lieut. Col. iR. S. GARNETT, Adjutant- General: COLONEL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of Special Orders, No. 125, assigning me to command at this post, and have accordingly assumed command. I have to report that the only battery of light artillery at this point (Captain Cabells) has been ordered to Yorktown by Col. J. B. Magruder, and we are now in a very defense- less condition in case of attack by land, having only about 400 infantry. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. R. PAGE, [2.] Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding. IRALEJAZfH, N. C., May 30, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS, Governor of North Carolina: SIR: In obedien2e to orders, on the 25th instant I immediately repaired to Fort Macon, from which place I made to you a report on the 26th [27th] instant, to which I beg to refer you. The works required there, which were not mentioned in that report, have been fully described by me to the engineer in charge. As the details are numer- ous, they would occupy too much space to be given here. The garri- son now at this fort is insufficient for the defense of the fort. It is necessary that an advanced post shonld be established on Bogue Island, and that a line of vedettes should be maintained along the sea front of the island, and that proper signals should be established to communi- cate with rapidity the landing of the enemy. There should also be field batteries at different points on the island to repel his landing, and such precaution will be required on many other parts of the coast. A detachment should also be stationed on Shackleford Banks, opposite the fort, with a line of vedettes, field artillery, & c. It would be advisable also to station some troops at Morehead City and the town of Beanfort as a reserved force. I then proceeded to Ocracoke Tnlet, where I found a battery iu progress of construction on Beacon Island, where now probably five guns are mounted, and in a few days twelve more will b Page 121 CHAP.LXJIL~ CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 121 mounted, and will be sufficient to prevent the passage of vessels. It will be necessary to station troops in Portsmouth with a field battery and some siege guns for its effeetnal protection. The next II went to Hatteras Inlet, where I fonnd two guns mounted, and think it likely five more have been by this time and in a few days six more will be, making in all thirteen in this battery, to which will be added five more. I did not visit Oregon or New Inlet. Having been charged by General Orders, iNo. 2, with the defense of the northern portion of the coast, commencing at the mouth of New River, on the south, these points, as well as the whole coast, will receive my active attention. For the defense of the northern portion of the coast there will be required ~3,000 men of all arms, infantry, rifles, cavalry, and artillery, to wit, two regiments of infantry, two of rifles, one of cavalry, and one of artillery. For an effective discharge of the duties assigned me, there shonld at once be organized a corps of engineers, an ordnance depart- ment, a quartermasters and commissary departments. The service is now materially suffering from the want of such organizations. It is but just in concluding this account of my tour of inspection that I should liere bear testimony to the earnest endeavors of the officers in charge at the several posts (with much success so far) to advance the service. I have the honor to be, Your Excellencys most obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, bi.] Brigadier- General, State of North Carolina. Governor F. W. PICKENS, RICHMOND, May 30, 1861. Charleston, S. C.: Order the three regiments to this city instead of Suffolk. 113y command of the President: GEO. DEAS, [2.J Assistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS YIR4ZUNIA FORCES, No. 23. Richmond, Va., May 31, 1861. I. Lient. Col. A. C. Myers, Acting Quartermaster-General of the Army of the Confederate States, having arrived in this city, will, by authority of the President, enter at once upon the duties as chief of that department within this State. II. Lient. Col. Henry Heth, now in charge of the quartermaster~s department of the State of Virginia, is relieved from that duty, and will turn over the fnnds and property for which he is accountable to the officer of that department who shall be designated by Lieutenant-Colonel Myers. III. As soon as relieved from those duties Lieutenant-Colonel Heth will report in person to Colonel Gilham, by whom lie will be assigned to duty with the Fifth IRegitnent of Virginia Volunteers. IV. Lient. Col. L. B. Northrop, of the Commissary-Generals Depart- ment, C. S. Army, is, by authority of the President, announced as chief of that department, and will enter at once upon these duties in this city. V. Col. W. B. Blaii-, commissary-general of the State of Virginia, will turn over to Lieutenant-Colonel Northrop the bureau of subsistence Page 122 122 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. IXIIL extending to him all necessary information respecting that branch of the staff, and will then hold himself subject to such duties as may be assigned to him. By order of Major-General Lee: H. S. GAHNETT, ~2.] Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES Richmond Va His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS, , ., May 31, 1861. Governor of North Carolina, Raleigh, N. C.: Sin: I have had the honor to receive your letter of the 24th instant. The three field batteries proposed to be sent to Virginia will be of great service. I respectfully urge that they be forwarded as soon as possible. If instructed companies accompany them, and if they are provided with proper equipmentscaissons, ammunition, & c.they can be at once placed in the field. There is such a constant demand for artillery harness, ammunition, and every kind of military equip- ments that it is difficult to procure them here or at other points in the State. If it is possible to provide them in North Carolina, it will save much delay in bringing the batteries into the field. I would also rec- ommend that carriages, caissons, and battery wagons be made for the other bronze field guns you possess, so that they may be ready when required for service either at home or abroad. It has been determined by the Governor and couiicil of the State to send to Fayetteville machinery from the Harpers Ferry works for the manufacture of small-arms. I will endeavor to expedite its delivery. Most of this machinery is at Winchester or Strasburg. The former superintendent of the Harpers Ferry Arsenal has been sent to Raleigh to make arrangements for its transportation. The means of transporta- tion of the railroads are so constantly required for forwarding troops and munitions of war that the transit of other matter is necessarily delayed. I am very glad to learn of your preparation to bring into the field the volunteer regiments of your State. Knowing the importance of holding Norfolk, which commands the communication with North Carolina both by canal and railroad, and in view of the possible ocen- l)atiou of Suffolk or some other point of the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad by the U. S. forces, thereby closing the communication betweeu Richmond and Norfolk, I took the liberty of recommending you, through Governor Letcher, to forward re-enforceinents to Norfolk and to trans- fer your camp of instruction from Weldon to Suffolk. I hope that both of these propositions meet with your approbation. I am, sir, with great respect, your obedient servant, R.E. LEE, [2.J General, Commanding. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS, No.~. Yorktown, May 31, 1861. By order of General Lee. J. B. Hood is placed in charge of all the cavalry on the York River for the purpose of establishing a camp of instruction and of making judicious disposition of the pickets and vedettes. He has the rank of major, and his orders will be obeyed and respected by the commanders of companies. By order of D H. Hill, colonel commanding: [2.] G. B. COSBY, Acting A8sistant Adjutant- General Page 123 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 123 GET~ERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. FORCES AT YORKTOWN, No.8. May 31, 1861. The undersigned, in absence of Colonel Magruder, assumes command of this post. The commanders of regiments and detachments will report to him without delay. D. H. HILL, [2.] Colonel Regiment North Carolina Volunteers. RICHMOND, June 1, 1861. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War, Abinydon: No fighting yet. Rumors false. Beauregard left for Manassas Junc- tion this morning. President well. Messrs. Toombs and Benjamin here. Executive offices not yet prepared, but under way. [2.] D. U. DUNCAN. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 24. ( Richmond, Va., June 1, 1861. Some confusion having arisen in respect to the designation, by nuin- bers, of the regiments called into the service of the State of Virginia, it becomes necessary that they should be more clearly enumerated. Therefore, the regiments will be known hereafter by their numbers in the order below given: First Regiment, Col. P. T. Moore; Second Regiment, Col. J. W. Allen; Third Regiment, Col. R. A. Pryor; Fourth Regiment, Col. James T. Preston; Fifth Regiment, Col. Kenton Har- per; Sixth Regiment, Col. William Mahone; Seventh Regiment, Col. James L. Kemper; Eighth Regiment, Col. Eppa Hunton; Ninth Regi- ment, Col. George W. Richardson; Tenth Regiment, Col. Arthur C. Cummings; Eleventh Regiment, Col. Samuel Garland, jr.; Twelfth Regiment, Col. D. A. Weisiger; Thirteeenth Regiment, Col. A. P. Hill; Fourteenth Regiment, Col. J. G. Hodges; Fifteenth Regiment, Col. T. P. August; Sixteenth Regiment, Col. Charles A. Crump; Seventeenth Regiment, Col. M. D. Corse; Eighteenth Regiment, Col. R. B. Withers. This number comprises those regiments which have already been formed, and are now in the field or in garrison. Other regiments to be hereafter received into the service will be numbered as follows: Nineteenth Regi- ment, Col. P. St. U. Cocke; Twentieth Regiment, Cot. William Gilham; Twenty-first Regiment, Col. Thomas J. Jackson; Twenty-second Regi- ment, Col. C. Q. Tompkins; Twenty-third Regiment, Col. William B. Taliaferro; Twenty-fourth Regiment, Col. Jubal A. Early; Twenty-fifth Regiment, Col. George A. Porterfield; Twenty-sixth Regiment, Col. R. E. Coiston; Twenty-seventh Regiment, Col. William W. Gordon; Twenty-eighth Regiment, Col. Robert T. Preston; Twenty-ninth Regi- inent, Col. John J. Coleman; Thirtieth Regiment, Col. R. C. W. Rad- ford; Thirty-first Regiment, Col. William J. Willey; Thirty-second Regiment, Col. L. Wilson; Thirty-third Regiment, Col. J. B. Gibbons; Thirty-fourth Regiment, Col. J. W. Ware; Thirty-fifth Regiment, Col. Alfred Beckley; Thirty-sixth Regiment, Col. A. T. Bledsoe. It is to be distinctly understood that this enumeration of regiments has no refer- ence to the rank of the respective colonels; that rank is alone estab- lished by date of commission. By order of Major.General Lee: R. S. GARNETT, Adjutant- 6~eneral. [2. Page 124 124 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXJII. SATURDAY, June 1, 18G1.* Present, John J. Allen, president; F. II. Smith, M. F. Maury, li. L. Montague, and T. S. ilaymond. * * * * * * * Advised unanimously that the Governor tender to the President the services of the officers of the Army and Navy who have retired or may retire from the service of the late United States and entered or may enter that of Virginia, to the end that they may be regularly incorpo. rated into the Army and Navy of the Confederate States, with the view of increasing the efficiency thereof; and further, that the atteution of the Confederate authorities be invited to the terms of the invitation of Virginia to those officers, by which it was made the duty of the Gov- ernor to assign to them such rank as will not reverse the relative rank held by them in the U. S. service, and will at least be equivalent thereto, it being the desire of the State of Virginia that in assigning to these officers rank iu the Confederate service this rule should be observed, except with regard to brigadier-generals aiid major-generals. Advised unanimonsly that the Governor of Virginia tender, by regi- ments, to the President of the Confederate States all the volunteer forces of Virginia which have beeu or may be mustered into the service of Virginia, and all seamen and marines in the service of Virginia, to the end that they may be received into the service of the Confederate States; and that he also tender to the President the use of all the pub- lic property, naval stores, and munitions of war, & c., acquired from the United States now in the possession of the State of Virginia, except the machinery for the manufacture of arms captured at Harpers Ferry. It is further advised that all quartermasters, commissary, and hospital stores now in possession of the State of Virginia be turned over to the Confederate States for the nse of the same. Absent, M. F. Maury and R. L. Montagne. Advised by the councilors present that the Governor send a special messenger by an express car to Staunton with orders to Major ilarman to order out the militia in the counties of Bath, Pocahontas, Pendleton, Highland, Randolph, Barbour, and Tucker to cause them to assemble, with such arms as they may be able to bring with them, and to supply the remainder with arnis hitherto sent out. These troops are to assem- ble and re-enforce Colonel Porterfield, at Philippi. It is further advised that Colonel Porterfield be directed to destroy the bridge, cnlvert, and trestle-work at Cheat River, and in every possible way destroy the rail- road on both bran~hes so as to interrupt the free passage of trains, and that this last order be kept with secrecy, that it may not be anticipated or interfered with; and for the purpose of executing this order effect- ively at Cheat River it is suggested that Colonel Porterfield consider the propriety of sending a strong detachment across the Laurel Ridge and down Clover Run to Cheat. JOHN J. ALLEN. T. S. HAYMOND. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. [2.] RO. L. MONTAGUE. From proceedings of the Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 125 CHAP. LXIHJ CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 125 SPECIAL ORDERS STATE TROOPS OF NORTH CAROLINA, ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, No. 8. ) Raleigh, N. C., June 1, 1861. * * * * * * III. Col. C. C. Tew, Second Infantry, State Troops, is hereby assigned to the command of the Southern Department Coast Defenses. He will J)roceed to Wilmington, N. C., and relieve Brig. Gen. T. H. Holmes, colonel in the Confederate Army, who has been ordered to report for duty at Richmond, Va. By order of the commander-in-chief: H. H. RIDDICK, Assistant Adjutant- General. RALEIGH, June 1, 1861. Col. JAMES A. J. BRADFORD, Chief Ordnance and Engineers, Raleigh, N. C.: COLONEL: It has been desired to establish batteries at the following localities, viz: A battery of six heavy guns at Portsmouth, six 24- pounders at Ocracoke, six 24-pounders at New Inlet, and six heavy 24-pounders or 32-pounders at Roanoke island. It is exceedingly impor- tant that these batteries should be erected immediately. I beg you would direct the engineers to commence their construction immediately, and give the necessary orders to the officers of the Ordnance Corps to procure the guns and have them transported and mounted, with a full supply of ammunition. I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, Brigadier- General, Comdg. Northern Dept. of the Coast Defenses. [1.] RALEIGH, June 1, 1861. General J. F. HOKE, Adjutant- General: In obedience to Orders, No.2, from the Adjutant-Generals Office, 27th of May, I hereby report to you that I have established my headquarters at ~ew Berne, N. C. WALTER GWYNN, Brigadier- General, Coindg. Northern Dept. of the Coast Defenses. [1.] CHARLESTON, June 2, 1861. General COOPER: I have telegraphed President to know to whom I must order the troops to report at Richmond. General McGowans brigade goes on Monday night. Will he go on and command them or nota? One regi- ment (1,000) started last evening. Two start Monday evening. Where and when shall I start the other two ~ All armed well and drilled. Telegraph me. F. W. PICKENS. [2. Page 126 126 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Col. li. S. GAnNETT, LYNCHBUIW, June 2, 1861. Adjutant- General, Virginia Forces: COLONEL: I received your letter some days ago about the arms sup- posed to be sent here from North Carolina. I have ascertained that no arms have been sent here to any one from that quarter. The mistake arose, I presume, from the fact that the arms sent to me were marked with Governor Ellis name. There are now eight companies of cavalry here, well mounted and in fine condition, but for the arms necessary for them, which are mostly wanting. Two companies are armed with double-barreled shotguns, and two more will soon have them. I wish that you would cause all the flint-lock l)istOls at the armory and all sabers that may be on hand to be sent here. If there are any rifles which would answer for cavalry I wish you would have them sent also. Very respectfully, J. A. EARLY, [2.] Colonel, Commanding. MONDAY, June 3, 1861.* Present, John J. Allen, president~ F H Smith NI Montague, and T. S. Haymond. F. Maury, H. L. The council unanimously advise that a telegraphic wire be extended from Stafford Court-House to Brookes Station, and that the remaining wire on the line between Fredericksburg and Alexandria be removed. Resolved, That a committee of the council be appointed to wait upon President Davis and ascertain, as far as they may, the significance of the Presidents response to the Governor in reference to the tender of the military forces of the State, and of the terms upon which it is desirable that officers of the Army and Navy of the late United States, who have retired or may retire from that service and have entered or may enter the service of Virginia, shall be received into the service of the Confederate States, and to explain to him the conditions upon which the use of the property, munitions of ~var, & c., captured from the United States, is tendered to the President, and the reason of the exception in regard to the machinery taken at Harpers Ferry. Absent, Il. L. Montague. Advised unanimously that the Governor issue an order prohibiting any interference on the part of any person whatever with the superin- tendents of the telegraphic lines in their management of the same, unless the exigencies of the public service may require the command- ing officer of a department to assume control of the same. The secretary was directed to insert here the record of the fact that the committee appointed under the resolution of council adopted this day waited upon the President, in accordance with his appointment, at 4.30 p. in., and conferred with him upon the subject indicated in the resolution. The report of the committee will be I)resented to morrow. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. ItO. L. MONTAGUE. T. S. HAYMOND. [2.] From proceedings of tbe Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 127 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 127 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Raleigh. N C., June 3, 1861. JEFFERSON DAVIS, President Confederate States: SIR: It is against my rule to make applications to you for office for others where merely personal considerations are involved. There is a ease, however, where the public interests are involved, and therefore I do not hesitate mentioning it to you. Bradley T. Johnson, late of Frederick, Md., now at Maryland Heights, has 500 meii, and he is worthy of commanding them. I have sent him 500 rifles, and he will soon l)e in a couditiou for active service. I know Johnson to be true, brave, and capable. Few men would prove superior to him at the head of a regiment. I have sent four regiments of twelve-months men to Virgimiia. The last two are at Suffolk. I can furnish you four more regiments at once, if you desire them, of same class of troops. They are now in camp. I have five regiments to serve for the war nearly completed. If you decline to take the twelve-mouths men ,I can raise fifteen or twenty regiments for the war in a very short time. I have three fine field batteries, but lack harness, two caissons, two amnmnuni- tion wagons, and forges. These things I cannot l)rocnre expeditiously. We need a prize court in this State, as we are now engaged in seizing the vessels of the enemy. Our coast defenses are rapidly progressing. No vessel can enter our waters if the guns are skillfully served. I am most anxious to have our (lefenses inspected by an officer of reputation. Such an inspection would give confidence to our people and strengthen my hands. If you would furnish such an officer, though but for a few days, you would advance the public service thereby, in my opinion, and confer a lasting favor npon me personally. Mr. Clingman will confer with you on this subject. Very respectfully, yours, JOHN W. ELLIS. [2.] RICHMOND, VA., June 3, 1861. Governor FRANCIS W. PICKENS, Charleston, S. C.: The three regiments mentioned in your telegram to the President will on their arrival here report to the Adjutant-General, and be sent forward to General Beauregards command. The remaining two or three regiments, after being equipped, & c., the President desires may be held in readiness to await orders. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, Va., June 3, 1861. Governor FRANCIS W. PICKENS, Charleston, S. C.: General McGowans presence with the regiment not required. The regiments as they arrive here will report to the Adjutant-General. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General Page 128 128 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [ChAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 63. Richmond, June 4, 1861. * * * * * * * IT. Col. F. S. Bartow will proceed to Harpers Ferry, Va., with regi- ment of Georgia Volunteers, and report for duty to Brig. Geii. J. E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * By commaud of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, F2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, June 4, 1861. Governor T. 0. MOORE, New Orleans, La.: Please forward the Fifth and Sixth Regiments to Richmond as soon as possible. [2.1 L. P. WALKER. RICHMOND, June 4, 1861. General CHARLES CLARK, Corinth, Miss.: If the three regiments ordered by the President to proceed to Rich- mond have not left, order them off without delay via Knoxville. You will also direct Colonel Seibels to proceed with his Alabama regiment to Richmoiid via Knoxville. Let them be provided with ammunition before leaving. These troops will probably be directed to stop at Dub- un Depot. Prompt action is absolutely necessary. Reply by telegraph. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. CHARLESTON, June 4, 1861. Adjutant-General COOPER: I have two more regiments in Columbia all ready. Let me order right on through Raleigh to Virginia. They have been in camp train- ing for six weeks. Let me hear immediately. Two starting this morn- ing. Order them paid. F. W. PICKEKS. [2.] WYTHEVILLE, June 4, 1861. The PRESIDENT OF CONFEDERATE STATES: 1 received this telegram from a reliable man: The news is confirmed that there are about 8,000 or 10,000 fbot and 1,200 horse of Lincolns men marching rapidly for the Virginia and Tennessee road. We have no arms. From their position now, two or three days will take them to Dublin Depot. If you can send us arms, please do it. If not, come and lead us with such as we have. They are now in Fayette County, making forced marches. M. W. McCOMAS. I have no means of knowing the probabilities of the report, but have suspected for some time an invasion from the direction of Kanawlia Page 129 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 129 Troops en route from southward might stop at Dublin. Arms and ammunition for 1,000 men should be sent there instantly. [2.] JOHN B. FLOYD. NORFOLK, June 1, 1861. (~eneral It. E.LEE: DEAR SIR: You have no doubt disciplined your mind and temper to listen with some patience and composure to many suggestions of admi- iable plans to defeat the enemy and end the campaign gloriously. I am reluctant to suggest anything which has in all probability passed through your mind already, bnt I am so fully impressed with the cou- viction that the attack on Hagerstown will be successful (even if the Pennsylvanians are there to the number of 6,000) that I venture to pre- sent it to you. I think Hagerstown is a better point to defend Yirginia than Harpers Ferry, which must in time be turned unless the enemy is repelled. As a junior officer I apologize for the liberty I take. As a citizen, looking with horror at the awful gulf which yawns to receive time liberties and prosperity of our country, I know you will pardon this (leparture from the observance of a more strict military etiquette. May I beg to remind you of my earnest wish to accompany the first force sent into Maryland. Respectfully and truly, yours, I. It. THIMBLE. [Inclosure.] General Johnston has, say, 8,000 men at Harpers Ferry, probably 6,000 effective, including all arms. Has not the force of 3,000 men sent from Chambersburg to occupy 1-lagerstown beeu moved there without proper support in the rear ~ I understand they are raw troops and not ably commanded. Is it not important and easy to drive them back and disper~e them altogether by a sudden movement from Harpers Ferry, and is it not very desirable that this should be done before the Ohio forces unite with those from Pennsylvania ~ Hagerstown is about twenty-eight miles from Harpers Ferry. The march can be made in a day with 2,500 men and two days provisions, as follows: Cross the Potomac at Harpers Ferry and take the railroad east for a mile or so; there leave the Potomac and take a road which leads into the turnpike between Frederick City and Hagerstown (see map); striking the turn- pike, march by it to Hagerstown, and with the U. S. flag flying and other indications of the force being one from Frederick sent out from Baltimore, in order to make the surprise more complete at Hagerstown. The force could leave Harpers Ferry at 2 p. in., march all night, and reach Hagerstown by daylight or before, making the attack at the proper point, as indicated by the best information which could be obtained. The attack being successful, the object would be to capture all the arms, wagons, and horses, camp equipage, & c., and pursuing the fugitives by cavalry into Pennsylvania, making the panic as complete as possible; the Southern forces to establish a camp at or near Hagers- town, and from that point defend approaches to the Potomac an(l repel advances from Pennsylvania, where a continual panic could be kept up by sham marches occasionally toward Chambersburg, a communication to be kept open between ilagerstown and Williamsport, and thence into Virginia. The importance of Hagerstown can be seen to be of much ~ For reply, see Walker to Floyd, Vol. II, p. 906. 9 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 130 130 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. more consequence than Harpers Ferry. It would not probably be relieved from Washington, as an attack would be feared ou that place from Virginia, nor from Baltimore, as they would fear a revolution there. So far let the movement on Hagerstowu rest as a single operation. But why not, say in ten days, and before the election in Maryland, make a simultaneous movement on Baltimore and Washington and Hagerstown, and thus strike a decided blow, which would derange all Scotts oper- ations and delay his advances several months, if not lead to peace l Here are the details: The same day the force leaves Harpers Ferry for Hagerstown send a force of 2,000 to 3,000 men, with four pieces of light artillery, by two or three trains to Baltimore, the direction of the movement being kept secret at Harpers Ferry, and the troops thrown into Baltimore unexpectedly and carrying the U. S. flag, where they would arrive early in the morning and attack the Northern troops on the edge of the city now occupying two positions, one mile apart, each being attacked in succession or at the same time, if each is not much superior to half the force sent to Baltimore. It could be given out at Harper~s Ferry that these troops were going in cars to Cumberland to meet the Ohio forces, and thus make the surprise in Baltimore complete. This attack on Baltimore would revolutionize the State of Maryland and bring out in that State about 6,000 armed men and as many more imperfectly armed, who could delay the passage of troops from the North by again burning bridges, & c. These two movements being suc- cessful, the one on Washington would probably have the effect of driving Lincoln out of that city, and perhaps a retreat from Washington down the Potomac. Suppose a part or all of these movements to be unsuccess- ful, we have the same means of defense left as now, or in fact relatively a better, because I think Southern troops are reaching Virginia faster now than Northern troops are coming to Washington, and better drilled. But I am sure the attack on Hagerstown would be successful, and the one on Baltimore also, which would have to be followed up by the attack on Washington, or Baltimore and Maryland would be again reduced in place of operating with the South to check Northern re-enforcements. The problems of war are difficult of solution, but I fear if the South adopts altogether the defensive our troops may be discouraged, and the North be permitted deliberately to mass large forces at many points, who will improve in drill and discipline and become monthly more for- midable. Against the policy of beginning fierce hostilities on alarge scale is to be weighed the chances of a peaceful solution of the difficul- ties by a reaction of feeling in the North. I fear that cannot be counted on. The whole Northern mind seems hopelessly perverted and stulti- fied, and has become desperate and willing to see the whole country ruined. Capt. Bradley T. Johnson, of Maryland, now at Harpers Ferry, is familiar with that part of the country. [2.] TUESDAY, June 4, 1861.* * * * * * * P The Governor received a communication from His Excellency Jeffer- son Davis, President of the Confederate States, in answer to the several advices of the council of the 1st instant, which the Governor submitted to the council for advice and ordered the same to be also filed. There- upon the following was the action and advice of the council: Resolved, That a committee of the council be appointed to wait upon President Davis and ascertain as far as they may the significance of From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 131 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 131 the Presidents response to the Governor in reference to the tender of the military forces of the State and of the terms upon which it is desira- ble that officers of the Army and Navy of the late United States, who have retired or may retire from that service and have entered or may enter the service of Virginia, shall be received into the service of the Confederate States, and to explain to him the conditions upon which the use of the property, munitions of war, & c., captured from the United States are tendered to the President, and the reason of the exception in regard to the machinery taken at Harpers Ferry. - In accordance with the foregoing the council submitted the following for the consideration of the Governor: The committee, appointed by a resolution of council of the 3d instant, to confer with the President of the Confederate States on certain points embraced in the terms of the resolution adopted, beg leave to report: First. That the President is willing to accept the tender of the services of the volunteers of Virginia by companies, battalions, squadrons, or regiments, and, if by regiments, reserving to the State the appointment of all regimental officers, this reservation giving to the State no power to appoint general or staff officers. Second. That the President is unwilling to bind himself by any pledge or other obligation with respect to the officers of the Army or Navy of the United States who have retired or may retire therefrom and have entered or may enter the service of the State of Virginia beyond that implied in his note to the Governor of Virginia of June 2, 1861, herewith submitted as a part of this report.~ By this letter it is understood that the President does not feel himself bound to issue commissions to the officers of the Army and Navy of the United States who have entered or may enter the service of Virginia, or to follow the rule prescribed by the ordinance of convention in reference to their relative rank when they are appointed into the Confederate service. He may reverse the grade of these officers by appointing an officer now of inferior rank to a higher grade than another officer who may have ranked him in the U. S. service, but whenever officers are appointed to the same grade their relative rank will not be reversed. Third. The President signifies his willingness to accept the services of the officers, seamen, and marines of the Virginia navy as troops of Virginia now in service for the war. Fourth. The President is willing to accept the services of the Virginia troops by the mustering rolls of the Virginia mustering officer without the necessity of a remuster, and he deems a general order from the Governor of Virginia directing a transfer to his authority of all the military and naval forces of the State as expe- dient, that he may be formally invested with the authority conferred upon him by the Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States. In submitting this report this committee do not wish to be considered as agreeing to or dissenting from the positions assumed by the President. Advised by the council unanimously, that the Governor of Virginia forthwith direct, by general orders, a transfer to the authorities of the Confederate States, by regiments, of all volunteer forces which have been mustered into the service of the State, and direct a like transfer, lily regiments, of all other volunteers or militia as the same shall be formed and their services may be required. It is further advised that the Governor direct, by general order, a transfer to the authority of the Confederate States of all the officers, seamen, and marines of the Provisional Navy of Virginia for service in the Confederate States, waiving, for the present, any objection to the constitutionality of so much of the ninth section of the act of the Pro- visional Congress, approved March 6,1861, as provides for the appoint- ment by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Congress, of regimental staff officers of the volunteers and militia when called into the service of the Confederate States. It is further advised that inasmuch as the State of Virginia has put into efficient organization the various departments of the military staff essential for the comfort and efficiency of an army in the field, the Gov- ernor tender to the President of the Confederate States the services of ~ See Davis to Letcher June 2, p. ISS Page 132 132 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. the officers of their various departments for duty in the Confederate service, ternporarily or permanently, as the exigencies of the public service may require. It is further advised that the Governor submit to the President a respectful request that he will facilitate the prompt removal to Fay- etteville, N. 0., of the rifle machinery captured at Harpers Ferry, loaned by the State of Virginia to the State of North Carolina. It is further advised that the Governor tender to the President the services of the Provisional Army of Virginia, to be incorporated, in whole or in part, into the Army of the Confederate States, upon such terms as may be deemed proper by the President and not inconsistent with the terms of the convention between the State of Virginia and the Confederate States, and may best subserve the public interest, or to be nsed as the other forces of the State are used, in the common defense. * * * * * * * JOHN LETCHER. [2.1 TUESDAY, June 4, 1861.* Present, John J. Allen, president; F. H. Smith, M. F. Maury, li. L. Montague, and T. S. Haymond. The council had before them the following papers: RICHMOND, June 4, 1861. The committee, appointed by resolution of council of 3d instant, to confer with the President of the Confederate States on certain points embraced in the teruis of the resolution adopted, beg leave to report: 1. That the President is willing to accept the tender of services of the volunteers of Virginia by companies, battalions, squadrons, or regiments, and, if by regiments, reserving to the State the appointment of all regimental officers, this reservation giving to the State no power to appoint general or staff officers. 2. That the President is unwilling to bind himself by any pledge or other obliga- tion with respect to the officers of the Army and Navy of the United States who have retired or may retire therefrom and have entered or may enter the service of the State of Virginia beyond that implied in his note to the Governor of Virginia of June 2, 1861, herewith submitted as a part of this report. By this letter it is understood that the President does not feel himself bound to issue commissions to the officers of the Army and Navy of the United States who have entered or may enter the service of Virginia, or to follow the rule prescribed by the ordinance of convention in refer- ence to their relative rank when they are appointed into the Confederate service. He may reverse the grade of these officers by appointing an officer now of inferior rank to a higher grade than another officer who may have ranked him in the U. S. service, but whenever officers are appointed to the same grade their relative rank will not be reversed. 3. The President signifies his willingness to accept the services of the officers, seamen, and marines of the Virginia navy as troops of Virginia now in service fom~ the war. 4. The President is willing to accept the services of the Virginia troops by th& mustering rolls of the Virginia mustering officer without the necessity of a remuster,, and he deems a general order from the Governor of Virginia directing a transfer to his authority of all the military and naval forces of the State as expedient, that he may be formally invested with the authority conferred upon him as President by the Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States. In submitting this report this committee do not wish to be considered as agreeing to or di8senting from the positions ~~ined by the President. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. M. F. MAURY. From proceedings of Advisory Council of the State of Virginia Page 133 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 133 The note of President Davis, made a part of the committees report, is as follows: RICHMOND, June f, 18G1. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of the State: I have the honor to acknowledge yours of yesterday, inclosing two advisory com- munications from your council to yourself as the basis of your tender to the Confed- erate States, by regiments, of all the vol unteer forces which have been or may be inns- tcred into the service of Virginia and all seamen and marines in said scrvice, and all quartermasters and commissary stores now in possession of said State, and also to tender the nse of all the public property, naval stores, munitions of war, & c., acquired from the United States and now in possession, except the machinery for the manu- facture of arms captured at Harpers Ferry. Thanking Your Excellency and council for the readiness with which you have met the wants of the common defense, most pressing npoa us because of the invasion of Virginia, I hope to be pardoned for suggesting that the machinery at Harpers Ferry is essential for the speedy prepara- tion for both repair and construction of small-arms, and if it can be nsed for that purpose more beneficially to the public interest by retaining it in the possession of the State, to nrge npon you a more effectual protection for it than it now enjoys. Public buildings and all other public property captured from the United States must he the subject of future settlement with the United States Government, should nego- tiations ever take place between the two Governments. The machinery at Harpers Ferry in that respect will not constitute an exception, and unless the officers and employ~s of Virginia can, better than those of the Confederate States, secure it and make it tributary to the public interest, I respectfully submit whether it had not bet- ter be put in the general condition which you have given to other public property similarly situated. In relation to the proposition concerning officers who have left the service of the United States and entered the Army or Navy of Virginia, I can only say that the Congress of the Confederate States secured by law to officers of the Army thus entering the service, so far as they were of the same grade, they should have the sanie relative rank in this service as the one they left. The reason of the rule would equally apply to officers of the Navy, and I do not anticipate its being either disregarded or violated. But the Confederate authority has been invested with discretionary power both as to the acceptance of the services of officers who may resign from the United States and in filling original vacancies. To determine the grade which should be given to such officers, I can only say that it is not proba- 1)10 that any officer thus accepted will be appointed to a lower grade than that he held in the service of the United States. The only right, however, which I can recognize is that of transfer, according to the existing law of Congress, of officers with the troops to which they have been appointed. Yours, most respectfully, JEFFN DAVIS. After considering these papers, the council adopted the following advice: Advised unanimously that the Governor of Virginia forthwith direct by general orders a transfer to the authorities of the Confederate States, by regiments, of all the volunteer forces which have been mus- tered into the service of the State, and direct a like transfer by regi- ments of all other volunteers or militia as the same shall be formed and their services may be required. It is further advised that the G overnor direct by general order a transfer to the authority of the Confederate States of all the officers, seamen, and marines of the Provisional Navy of Virginia for service in the Confederate States. Waiving for the present any objection to the constitutionality of so much of the ninth section of the act of the Provisional Congress, approved March 6,1861, as provides for the appointment by the Pres- ident, by and with the advice and consent of the Congress, of regimental staff officers of the volunteers and militia when called into the service of the Confederate States, it is further advised that, inasmuch as the State of Virginia has put into efficient organization the various depart- ment s of the military staff essential for the comfort and efficiency of a Page 134 134 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. XV, & W. VA. [ChAP. LXIII. army in the field, the Governor tender to the President of the Confed- erate States the services of the officers of their various departments for duty in the Confederate service, temporarily or permanently, as the exigencies of the public service may require. It is further advised that the Governor submit to the President a respectful request that he will facilitate the prompt removal to Fayetteville, N. C., of the rifle machin- ery captured at Harpers Ferry, loaned by the State of Virginia to the State of North Carolina. It is further advised that the Governor ten- der to the President the services of the Provisional Army of Virginia, to be incorporated, in whole or in part, into the Army of the Confederate States upon such terms as may be deemed proper by the President and not inconsistent with the terms of the convention between the State of Virginia and the Confederate States and may best subserve the public interest, or to be used as the other forces of the State are used, in the common defense. The following was proposed to be adopted: The council advise that the Governor be authorized to contract for erecting a telegraph line from Staunton to Charleston in the Kanawha Valley, provided that the average cost shall not exceed $62.50 per mile. Whereupon, on motion of Mr. Montague, the proposed advice was laid on the table, Messrs. Smith and Maury voting against laying it on the table. The following was then proposed and adopted, Messrs. Allen and ilaymond dissenting: Advised that the Governor contract for the erec- tion forthwith of a line of telegraph from Staunton to Lewisburg, pro- vided the same maybe done at a cost not exceeding $62.50 per mile. Advised unanimously that the companies of Texas Rangers now in this city be ordered, under the command of some suitable officer, to the defense of the Kanawha Valley, and that the officer commanding in that section be further directed to call out volunteers from the counties of Greenbrier, Fayette, Nicholas, Logan, Wyoming, Boone, Cabell, Wayne, and Raleigh for the defense of that region, said volunteers to be armed with their own ritles or such weapons as may be collected for this service. JOHN J. ALLEN. FRANCIS H. SMITH. N. F. MAURY. 110. L. MONTAGUE. [2.] T. S. HAYMONIX WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond June 5 18G1. His Excellency JoHN LETUJIER, - Richmond, Va.: SIR: The convention entered into on the 25th of April, 1861, between the Commonwealth of Virginia and the Confederate States contained the following stipulation: Until the union of said Commonwealth with said Confederacy shall be perfected, and said Commonwealth shall become a member of said Confederacy, according to the constitntions of both powers, the whole military force and military operations, offensive and defensive, of said Commonwealth, in the impending conflict with the United States, shall be under the chief control and direction of the President of said Confederate States, upon the same principles, basis, and footing as if said Common- wealth were now and during the interval a member of said Confederacy. By the terms of this convention the control of the military operations within this State is explicitly transferred to the Confederate Govern Page 135 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.~CONFEDERATE. 135 ment. It is the desire of the President to assume this control accord- ing to the spirit of the convention without delay. I therefore feel it my duty to invite your attention to this matter, and to request that the military force now in the service of the State of Virginia be placed under the direction and made subject to the orders of the President of the Confederate States. Until this is done, that unity and harmony of action so essential to success can hardly be attained. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, L. P. WALKER, [2.] Secretary of War. GENERAL ORDERS,) hEADQUARTERS COAST DEFENSES, SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT, No. 13. ) Wilmington, N. 0., June 5, 1861. 1. In pursuance of the order* above given, the undersigned hereby assumes command of the Southern Department of the Coast Defenses of the State. 2. All communications on business connected with the department will be addressed to this city. C. C. TEW, [2.] Colonel Second Infantry, North Carolina State Troops. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 65. Richmond, Va., Jumne 6, 1861. * * * * * * * V. Colonel Gartrells Seventh Regiment Georgia Volunteers will proceed to Harpers Ferry, Va., and report for duty to Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant. General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. OF THE VIRGINIA FORCES, No. 184. Richmond, Va., June 6, 1861. Captain Shumakers company of artillery; the Twentieth Regiment Virginia Volunteers, under Lieutenant-Colonel Crenshaw; the Twenty- third Regiment Virginia Volunteers, and the battalion Virginia Volun- teers under Colonel Fulkerson will proceed to Staunton as soon as the quartermasters department can make the necessary arrangements for their transportation, and report to Major Harman. By order of Major-General Lee: R. S. GARNETT, [2.] Adjutant- General. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Richmond, June 6, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: DEAR SIR: Your letter to the Governor has just been received.t His Excellency desires me to say that a proclamation will be issued to-mor- See Special Orders, No. 5, June 1, p. 125. I See June 5, p. 134 Page 136 136 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA, EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL row morning transferring all our troops, ordnance , & c., to the Government of the Confederate States. As soon as an inventory can be taken of our ordnance stores, they will be delivered to you. Very respectfully, GIREENLEE DAVIDSON, [2.] Aide to Governor Letcher. NORFOLK, VA., June 6, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS Governor of North Carolina, Raleigh, N. C.: GOVERNOR: I hope to get off to-morrow with some gnus, ammuni- tion, engineers, laborers, and intrenching tools for the batteries at Oregon and New Inlets and on Roanoke Island. Mr. D. S. Walton will accorn- pany me. I would commend him to you as well qualified for a cominis- sion in the engineer corps, with the rank of captain. I am, and have been, attending to the duties of engineer and ordnance officer to the neglect, I fear, of the general objects of my command. I feel quite anxious to get to New Berne, where I can be in correspondence with headquarters, organize and send forward the troops to their respective stations, and make myself cognizant of my command. I would respect- fnlly urge upon Your Excellency an efficient organization of the engineer and ordnance departments. I will do all I can, but really I cannot nndertake in their details to be held responsible for those departments. I have the honor to be, Your Excellencys most obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN Brigadier- General, Comdg. Northern Dept. of the Coast Def~nse8. [1.1 SPECIAL ORDERS, DJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 6C. - 5 Richmond, June 7, 1861. * * * * * II. Colonel Ramseys regiment of Georgia Volunteers will proceed to Staunton, Va., and report for duty to Brig. Gen. ZR. S. Garnett, coin- manding. * * * * * VI. Colonel Cashs regiment of South Carolina Volunteers will repair to Manassas Junction, Va., and report for duty to Brigadier-General Beauregard, commanding. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.1 Assistant Adjutant- General. STEAMER FAIRFIELD, June 9, 1861. General Gwynn appeals to the county of Currituck to assist in the coast defenses: The citizens of Currituck should be up and doing in the cruel war that is upon the South. We are called on to defend our firesides and families against a stealthily encroaching and unscrupulous foe. Their obvions aim is to take all they can and to hold all they take. Then let all patriots do what they can to resist and repel such a foe. The coin- inanding general wants men and implements for constructing fortifica- tions. If men and implements for labor be furnished, tile coast of Nort Page 137 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 137 Carolina can be and shall be promptly prepared for a successful resist- ance. This appeal is to the Mtizens of Currituck County to send labor- ers, slaves or free negroes, to be put in charge of Maj. D. S. Walton, at Roanoke Island. Send them on at once. Delay is dangerous. It will be made known when he has enough. Let the laborers be furnished with as many tools as can be spared from the farms of their owners. They shall be taken care of nd returned wheu the work is done. To prevent any mistake or want of knowledge where the laborers are reqnired, the commanding general repeats the direction that it is designed that they will report to Maj. D. S. Walton, at Itoanoke island. The tools required are axes, spades, shovels, picks, grubbing hoes, and the like. The hands should bring blankets and cooking utensils with them. A strict account of the time will be kept, for which the State of North Carolina will pay a fair price. WALTER GWYNN, Brigadier- General, Comdg. Northern Dept. of the Coast Defenses. [1.1 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND l~sp. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 68. * Richmond, June 10, 1861. * * * * * * VII. The battalion of Zonaves from Louisiana under Lieutenant- Colonel Coppens will proceed to Yorktown, Va., and report to Col. J. B. Magruder, commanding. VIII. Eight companies of the volunteers from Alabnma will also proceed to Yorktown, and with the two companies from that State now at Gloucester Point will constitute a regiment, to be commanded by Col. John A. Winston. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WiTHERS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMoND, June 11, 1861. Capt. THOMAS G. WILLIAMS, C. S. Army, Lynchburg, Va.: Order the men from Kentucky for Colonel Duncans regiment to Harpers Ferry, and furnish them with transportation. The 1, O& O men referred to in your telegram of to-day will be retained until further advised. Report by telegraph the description of troops as they arrive, so that it may be determined here what route they shall take, and hold them in Lynchburg for orders. S. COOPER, [2j Adjutant and Inspector General. STEAMER STAG, Bound to Ocracoke, June 11, 1861. His Excellency JOHN W. ELLIS, Governor of iState qt North Carolina, Raleigh, N. C.: GOVERNOR: On my arrival at New Berne I will report to you fully. The object of this present writing is to inform you that I obtained a full supply of guns and shot at Norfolk, but only 4,000 I)Ounds of pow- der and some small ordnance stores. On my way I called at Currituc Page 138 138 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT 8. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXHL Court-House and ordered two companies, which I found organized there, to repair to Oregon Inlet and to report to Major Walton for duty in constructing the battery. I examined that inlet. I have sent for- ward today to that inlet from Hatteras Inlet seventy-one hands, besides others which no doubt left Currituck to-day, and from the arrangements which I have made I doubt not in the course of a few days tbe defenses will have been commenced, and also at Loggerhead and New Inlets, all with a good and efficient force. In order more fnlly to communicate my views, I will, as soon as I arrange matters at New Berne, report to you at Raleigh and communicate matters ver- bally, which if reduced to writing would perhaps occupy too much of Your Excellencys time, without being so satisfactory. I find a patri- otic spirit prevailing at every point I have touched, and an earnest and anxious desire to defend the honor of the State and repel the mer- cenary and remorseless foe with which we are contending. God and the people, I believe and trust, will defend the right, and the people, I am sure, will not begrudge the cost. I have the honor to be, Your Excellencys obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, Brigadier- General, Comdg. Northern Dept. of the Coast Defenses. (NoTE.Ou arriving in New Berne General Gwynn went right on to Raleigh and made report in person and left Col. R. R. Collier in charge.) JAS. SiMMONS, [4.] Military Secretary. HENRY B. KELLY, RICHMOND, June 12, 1861. New Orleans, La.: The regiment reported by you armed and equipped is received for the war. Cause it to be mustered into service and proceed with it to Lynchburg. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and inspector General. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Raleigh, June 13, 1861. ills Excellency Governor PERRY: SIR: Your dispatch by the Hon. Mr. Banks was received to-day. We have had many applications for arms from various sources. We have supplied Virginia with seine 11,000 stand because she was threat- ened on all sides, and in addition to our duty and desire to aid her the defense of Virginia was the defense of North Carolina. Other applications have been refused. No refusal gives us more real regret and pain than that to our kindred in Florida, a State which, from close connection with our people, has so much of our sympathy. The uumber of volunteers taking the field here creates uneasiness, lest we so reduce our number of guns that we cannot arm our own forces. Such is the state of public opinion here that at present it would be unwise to part with a single gun. I have, however, to suggest to Your Excellency that you send on your regiment. Let it pass through Raleigh, N. C.; will see that they have something to fight with. I am, sir, very respectfully, [2.] JOHN W. ELLIS Page 139 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 139 SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 71. * Richmond, June 14, 1861. * * * * * * flT Captains Dorseys and Murrays companies of the Virginia State forces are transferred to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States, and will proceed at once to Harpers Ferry, where they will join the eight other companies of Maryland Volunteers now in service, and with them constitute a regiment of the Maryland Line. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] As8istant Adjutant- General. HARPERS FERRY, June 14, 1861. (Via Manassas.) President JEFFERSON DAVIS: Your dispatch was received last night. Two regiments, under Colonel Hill, have already left for Winchester. The command is pre- pared to follow, but has been detained from the want of motive power on the railroad. I have burnt the Potomac bridge. J. E. JOHNSTON, [2.] General. GROVES LANPINQ June 14, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General C. S. Army, Richmond, Va.: SIR: I have carefully examined the various points of defense on James River below here as far as it was possible with my own eyes. When that could not be done I have inquired of the steam-boat cap- tains in the habit of running on this river, and I am satisfied that if the guns were taken from Fort Powhatan and placed at Days Point, just below Burwells Bay, they would be much more useful. No ship, I am told, could pass that point if protected by a battery. It is on the right bank of James River. If this be ordered, and done at once~it would strengthen ns here very much. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, Colonel, Commanding. The Harriet Lane is now lying off this point, and several visits have beeii made to it for the purpose of utilizing it, which has been done. If we do not occupy it at once it will be occupied by the enemy, who will establisL a base, then attempt to seize the railroad. As it can be done by us with the greatest ease, I respectfully recommend that it be done at once. I also see from this point the necessity of the steamer Teazer, now in our naval service, anchoring at night between this point and the Stone House wharf, and keeping in the day at or near Stone House wharf, to prevent the steam canal-boats of the enemy, which carry 1,000 men each, from stealing up in the night and landing large bodies of troops without the knowledge of any one, which they can do if the utmost vigilance is not enjoined on the commander of this vessel to prevent it. J.B.M. [2. Page 140 140 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. RICHMOND, June 14, 1861. Capt. THOMAS G. WILLIAMS, Lynchburg, Va.: Regiments arriving at Lyncliburg armed and equipped will be sent to Manassas Junction to report to General G. T. Beauregard. Regiments and companies that are unarmed will be reported by telegraph and detained at Lynchburg for orders. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, l~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 72. Richmond, June 15, 1861. * * * * * * TI. Lieut. Col. George Deas, assistant adjutant-general, will report for duty to General R. E. Lee, in this city. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, June 15, 1861. Governor J. E. BROWN, Atlanta, Ga.: The Ninth Regiment of Georgia Volunteers will proceed to Rich- mond, where it will be mustered into service. L. P. WALKER. [2.] RICHMOND, June 15, 1861. Lieut. Col. L. LAY, Sixth Regiment Louisiana Volunteers, Lynchburg: Your regiment will proceed to Manassas Junction and report to General Beauregard. L. P. WALKER. [2.] PROCLAMATION. HEADQUARTERS, Yorktown, June 15, 1861. Tn virtue of the authority of the Governor of the State, I hereby call into active service the entire militia forcc of the Sixty-eighth and One hundred and fifteenth Regiments. The officers of these regiments and the men under their command will ren(lezvous at Yorktown by the 24th of this month, fully organized, and there report to the command- ing officer of department. This order does not include officers and men now members of volunteer companies. The adjutants of these regiments will cause these orders to be distributed forthwith to their respective regiments. J. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, Colonel, Commanding. [2. Page 141 CHAP. Lxiii] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 141 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSPI GENERALS OFFICE, No. 73. Richmond, June 17, 1861.. * * * * * VIT. Colonel Jenkins Fifth Reo-iment South Carolina Volunteers will proceed to Manassas Junction, Va., and report to Brigadier-General Beauregard, commanding. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] Assistant A~jutan1- General. BUREAU OF ORDNANCE AND HYDROGRAPHY, June 18, 1861. General II. E. LEE, Commanding Forces, fcc., Richmond: GENERAL: In reply to your letter of this date, I have to state that the commandant of the Norfolk yard has been directed to furnish as early as possible eight 32-pounders of 2,700 weight, and carriages for ten 42-pounder carronades now in this city. Also four large-sized launches and cutters for the defenses of York River. Fifty 10 and 15 secoml fn se-shells were sent to Yorktown yesterday. A supply of S-inch grape will be furnished to that battery as soon as they are received from Norfolk. I am, respectfully, your obedient servant, D. N. INGRAHAM, [2.] Chief of the Bureau. NAVY DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, June 19, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.: SIR: The steamer Northampton has been turned over to this Depart- ment by the State of Virginia. This is a substautial vessel, and is employed exclusively as an army transport on the James River, and I have directed that she be transferred to the War Department. With much respect, I am, your obedient servant, S. R. MALLORY, [2.] Secretary of the Navy. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF FREDERICKSBURG, Brookes Station, June 19, 1861. Col. GEORGE DEAS, Assistant Adjutant-General, C. S. Army: COLONEL: General Lees letter in answer to mine to the adjutant- general is received. In answer, I have respectfully to state that the command at Mathias Point is only designed to preveut marauding expeditions and to encourage immigration from Maryland. I have no guns to place in battery there, neither have I the force necessary to defend two points so remote from each other against an effort of the enemy to land in force for the purpose of invasion. The erection of the battery would cost much time and money, as it would imply a long land transportation of columbiads over bad roads. The Arkansas an Page 142 142 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. Lxiii Tennessee regiments are suffering very much with measles and diar- rlnzea, and I have caused a large hospital to be prepared in Fredericks- burg for them, and have appointed Surgeon MeClenahan, of the Navy, medical director. I respectfully ask for the order the approval of the general commanding. I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, T. H. HOLMES, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RIcH1~uo~n, June 19, idGi. Hon. L. P. WALKER, & cretary of War: Sin: According to your request, I submit in writing the suggestions I made verbally to you yesterday. I need not urge upon you the supreme importance of recovering Northwestern Yirginia from the enemy. Nor can it be necessary to invoke your sympathy for the many loyal people there who are now sub~ject to the brutal oppression of traitors and mobs sustained by a Northern army. That country is too generally regarded both by our friends and our enemies as wholly dis- loyal. It is not so. But a defenseless population, separated by dis- tance and mountains from the main strength of the South, exposed to invasion on almost every side, actually overrun by an army of 12,000 or 15,000 men, and left without efficient support, could not offer resist- ance to the great States of Ohio and Peniisylvania, backed by the ~ ortliwestern States and the Federal Government. They have yielded to invasion and they submit to the schemes of a minority, who derive support from the invaders. I am well satisfied that a decided majority of the citizens of the Northwest are loyal, but if they are left long to maintain single handed, or without adequate assistance, the unequal contest with the great States around them, they may, in mere despair, go over to the enemy, and that country may become irreconcilably disaffected to the South or abandoned by the loyal men who prefer exile to submission. With most of the people there now the real embarrassment arises from a general belief that the South cannot sus- tain itself against the North, at least in that country. Recent circum- stances have tended to confirm that belief. An inadequate force sent there now will confirm it absolutely. It is of the utmost importance that the force sent, and to be sent at once, shall signally demonstrate the strength of the South, and shall be able to drive the enemy back. This is the very crisis in the fate of that great, populous, and valuable section of Virginia. With the people there on our side the country will be easily held; with the people against us and the enemy in possession it will be as easily held by them. The habitual sentiments of a majority of the people are still with us, but being with- out arms or organization, and almost without hope of support, they cannot rescue themselves, and they cannot render aid to our cause until they are rescued. The enemy~s forces there must be beaten, if not expelled, before any large accession to our military strength can be furnished by the people of the country. The enemy once beaten, they will supply a large number of men for future defense. It must be obvious that if the force now on its way thither shall be obliged to act merely on the defensive or in petty skirmishes, awaiting accessions from the people there, the enemy, already in possession, with its prestige of success, having command of the railroads and being near to Ohio and Pennsylvania, can strengthen himself much more rapidly than we can expect our force to be strengthened by volunteers of the country. J Page 143 CHAP. LXIII.j CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 143 will still remain in the eyes of those people a hopeless contest. They know that the loyal people of that country can never defend Western Virginia against the great States adjacent to them and the traitors among themselves unless they are assisted by a large force from other quarters. In my humble opinion, it is absolutely necessary for the recovery of the Northwest that at least 10,000 men (including General Garnetts present force) shall be sent there independent of the volunteers expected to be received in the West. Every days delay in furnishing an adequate force will render a larger and still larger force necessary. With regard to the nature of the force to be sent, I have only to snggest that very little artillery will be useful and that a large number of mounted riflemen could be employed with immense advantage. Permit me to add that I will cheerfully aid in bringing the loyal citizens of the Northwest to the active support of the South, but that I cannot hope to have much success until the power of the South shall be demonstrated and the impressions produced by recent occurrences shall be somewhat counteracted. Very respectfully, CHARLES W. RUSSELL. [2.] HEADQUARTERS, Winchester, Ira., June 20, 1861. General SAMUEL COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General: GENERAL: Colonel Jackson, with a field battery and four regiments of Virginia Volunteers, is at Martin sburg; Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart, with six companies of Virginia cavalry, between that place and the Potomac; seven battalions are near this place; three battalions under Col. A. P. Hill are on the road toward liomney, and a battalion under Lieut. Col. 0-. H. Steuart, detached to Harpers Ferry. There are three field batteries with the battalions here. The enemys movements can- not be ascertained accurately. Yesterday Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart reported him encamped around Williamsport. He was informed by a well-recommended clergyman that he had met 5,000 or 6,000 on the way from Williamsport to Chambersburg going, they said, to Washing- ton. This morning Colonel Stuart reports that a regiment of infantry has returned to our side of the river. All the information I could obtain from this vicinity in Maryland, and from friends in Baltimore, was to the effect that 18,000 men would advance from Chambersburg to co-operate with an army from Ohio. My belief in these reports pre- vented me from availing myself of an opportunity to strike a hard blow. General Cadwalader~s forces which crossed the Potomac proba- bly scarcely exceeded 8,000. The population bordering the Potomac in Virginia is all hostile to us; they inform the enemy of every movement of ours, while we know nothing of his but what we see. I send two prisoners taken by one of Colonel Stuarts men opposite Williamsport yesterday. They represented themselves to be a lieutenant-colonel and private acting as ~ secretary. Your main re-enforcements I doubt not, should go to General Beauregard. A few mounted compa- nies are much wanted here. We have not the number required for picket service. If this want can be supplied, I beg that it may be. I had the pleasure to receive 8,000 cartridges this morning, and your letter of the 18th. Most respectfully, J. E. JOHNSTON, Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. [2. Page 144 144 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. GENERAL ORDERS, DIVISION HEADQUARTERS, No. 25. Yorktown, June 20, 1861. I. The following assignment of posts is hereby made, viz: Yorktown, Col. D. H. Hill, First North Carolina Regiment; Williamsburg, Col. T. P. August, Fifteenth Virginia Volunteers; Gloucester Point, Col. Charles A. Crump, Twenty-sixth Virginia Volunteers; Jamestown Island, Col. J. G. Hodges, Fourteeuth iRegiment. The three first-named command- ing officers will send to these headquarters a field retnrn of the troops under their command as soon as possible. The field officers of Virginia Volunteers will be given by name. The commanding officers of these posts will make reports every three days of the progress of the defensive works under their command. The commanding officer at Jamestown Island will make aispecial report of the number and caliber of the guns mounted, the quantity and descriptiou of ammunition on hand, and the state of the defenses of the island generally. II. Lieutenant-Colonel Ewell having been assigned to the special duty of erecting fortifications in the vicinity of Williamsburg iu com~junction with Captain IRives, engineer, will continue the discharge of this duty, and will also command the Peninsula Guard, of whom he will make a special report, to be embraced in Colonel Augusts field returns. III. Colonel August will cause the works at Groves Landing, Sprat- leys farm, Kings Mill, and Tutters Neck to be prosecuted with the greatest vigor. Such additional works as Colonel Ewell may consider necessary after consulting with Captain Hives will be erected by the regiments under Colonel August and Lieutenant-Colonel Ewell. In addition to such other labor as he may be ble to procure, Colonel Ewell will increase, if possible, the number of hired laborers on the public works. IV. Six wagons are assigned to Colonel Augusts regiment and four to Colonel Ewells. This distribution is made in consequence of the difference of distance from Williamsburg. The means of transportation being under the exclusive control of the commanding officer of the department, no wagons or other means of transportation shall be diverted from their proper destination without his authority. V. In consequence of the inadequacy of the means of transportation, the following rule will be adopted and rigidly enforced, and it is made the duty of commanding officers personally to see that it is carried out: First. When troops move they will carry in their haversacks two days provisions, one of which shall be cooked. When hard bread cannot be obtained the flour will be carried in wagons. Second. Cooking utensils to be carried in wagons, and to consist of the following articles and in the following quantities, viz, two mess-pans or frying-pans and two camp kettles to fifteen men. No tents will be carried when lumber can be procured to make huts, unless specially ordered. No trunks for offi- cerscarpet-bags only. No chests of any kind, except for ammunition or medical supplies. No knapsacks, haversacks, clothing, or blankets will be carried in wagons. VI. All leaves of absence to officers and furloughs to soldiers not exceeding seven days will be signed by commanding officers of posts without reference to the officer commanding department. It is enjoined upon commanding officers of posts, colonels of regiments, and captains to be more stringent than has been their custom in granting leaves of absence and passes. Passes given by one commanding officer to citizens will be recognized by another unless for special reasons. It is expected that commanding officers will take every opportunity to have thei Page 145 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 145 commands thoroughly drilled in company and battalion drill. The details for works on trenches and other fatigue duty is no reason why those not on such duty should not be drilled as usual three times a day. There will be at least one dress parade a day in each regiment and bat- talion, at which all orders will be read. Orderly sergeants will call upon the adjutants of the regiments for orders at 2 oclock each day, and communicate the same to their captains. Guard-mounting will take place each morning at a prescribed hour. Officers of the day, officers of the guard will be present, and guards will be turned off as prescribed in the regulations, the music of each regiment being on the right. VII. All requisitions, except for ordnance stores and transportation, will be signed by commanding officers of posts. For these the approval of the commanding officer of the department will be needed. VIII. General courts-martial will be ordered by the commanding offi- cer of the department. Itegimental and garrison courts by officers commanding regiments and posts. IX. The following are announced as the staff of the colonel command- ing the department, viz: Maj. G. B. Cosby, adjutant-general; Captain Bloomfield, chief quartermaster; Captain Higgins, chief commissary; Doctor Crowell, medical director; Lieutenant Stanard and Cadet Magru- der, aides-dc camp; Lieutenant Otey, ordnance officer. Maj. George Wray is attached to the staff and will have charge of the civil affairs connected with this command. Captain Higgins and Captain Bloom- field will perform the duties of post commissary and quartermaster at Yorktown. All these officers will be obeyed and respected accordingly. X. Colonel Hill will select his post staff and establish his~ headquar- ters either in his own camp or in some building in town which he will select. He will, after consultation with the engineer, submit to the commanding officer of the department such further plans of defense as he may deem necessary. By order of Colonel Magruder: G. B. COSBY, [2.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, Winchester, Th., June 21, 1861. General G. S. MEE1w, ()omdg. Seventh Brigade, Third Division, Virginia Militia: SIR: You will please organize a brigade of two regiments from the Third Division of the Virginia Militia. It is of great importance that these troops should be organized immediately, as their services may be needed here in a few days. Let each regiment, when formed, march without delay to Winchester. Your obedient servant, J. E. JOHNSTON, Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. P. S.In the absence of the major-general, this order is given you direct. J.E.J. [2.] 10 R RVOL LI, PT I Page 146 146 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 78. Richmond, June 22, 1861. * * * * * * * VIII. Brig. Gen. John II. Winder, Provisional Army, is assigned to duty as inspector-general of the several camps near this city, and will enter upon duty without delay. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- aeneral. CAMP JACKSoN, June 22, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, & cretary of War, d~c.: DEAR SIR: Amid the turmoil of business I suppose you have forgot. ten a letter written to you a week since by me. I have been thinking that you would have by this time issued a sort of private proclamation reqniring a brief interview with your humble servant in Richmond at the Department of Mars. I am not wearied by the ennui of camps, not impatient of restraint, nor anxious for recreation, but if thought to be consistent with the service, desire to be in the advancing column when it moves from Manassas. I understand thoroughly the number and character of the forces upon the Potomac, from Mathias Point to Evansport and White House, as well as the topography of the country, presenting both defense and aven ues of approach, and viewing it all, I think a part of this force could be so situated as to support Manassas and have sufficient force to defend this locality. Of course you know much better than I do, and this is only a respectful suggestion. I had a l)ersonal interview last Sunday with General Beauregard, and on Monday he sent me a communication which I handed to General Holmes for approval. He does not fully approve it. I send you the letter* of Beauregard with General Holmes criticism upon it. Take it for what it is worth. Shall I expect you to dispatch me on Monday and call me to Richmond l There is a telegraph line from Richmond to our camp, Brookes Station. Yours, truly, WM. B. BATE. [2.] GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT, COAST DEFENSES, No. 16. Wilmington, N. C., June 22, 1861. Pursuant to paragraph 6 of General Orders, No.4, from the Adjutant- Generals Office, dated at Raleigh, N. C., June 18,1861, the under~igned hereby assumes command of this department. All communications for these headquarters from persons un(ler my command will be addressed to Lient. Col. Richard II. Riddick, assistant adjutant-general, who has been assigned to duty in this department by paragraph 7 of the same general orders. R. C. GATLIN, [2.] Brigadier- General. See Vol. II, pp. 932, 933 Page 147 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE~ ETC.CONFEDERATE. 147 WAR DEPARTMENT, C .S.A., Richmond, June 24, 1861. Col. W. B. BATE, Aquia Creek, Th.: MY DEAR SIR: A hazardous service is required to be performed, the nature [and] character of which will be fully communicated to you by Commander Lewis, of the C. S. Navy. The Department has been informed by Commander Lewis (verbally) that General Holmes declines to detail men for this duty, but has suggested your regiment in this connection. I have requested Commander Lewis to explain to you fully and candidly all the risks, and when you have comprehended them, the whole matter, so far as your regiment is concerned, is sub. mitted to your calm judgment, not to be iu any degree influenced by the fact that I have written you this letter or that your regiment has been mentioned in connection with this service. I have positively declined to request you to undertake it, and my sole object iu now writing is to urge you against all precipitate action and under no cir- cumstances to assume the responsibility of so grave an undertaking unless assured in your own mind, after full consideration, that the undertaking is not only feasible, but that the probabilities are in favor of its accomplishment without incurring more than the ordinary haz- ards of military operations. Very truly, your friend, [2.1 L. P. WALKER. ATLANTA, June 25, 1861. [SECRETARY OF WAR:] Just returned to railroad. My headquarters here for some time. Have consented that Troup Artillery go to Virginia with their battery of four pieces, and have given them check for $1,200 to purchase har- ness. Are subject to your orders at Savannah. JOSEPH B. BROWN. [2.] DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS, Yorktown, June 26, 1861. Major Hoon, Commanding Cavalry: MAJOR: I wrote to inform the companies under Captains Thomas and Watkins that it would be well to have the women and children sent over to this side Poquosin. I have seen some of the men from there this morning, and they say they are not uneasy about their fam- ilies and that they can get them over at any time; also, that if the enemy land in force and they are not able to make head against them they can easily cross over themselves in boats and join their companies at Cockletown. Captains Sinclair, Thomas, and Watkins will rendez- vous at Cockletown, as already instructed, and I will send down rations for them to-day, for which please order provision returns. I shall esti- mate the two latter companies at fifty and the former according to his last return. Let them send their returns at once to Captain Higgins. Your quarters are good, I am told, at Bartletts, but I think not safe. They will be safe at Kit Curtis and safe at Cockletown; but as I have every confidence in your judgment I leave the matter to your judg- ment, reminding you that you have a piece of artillery with you which mnst not be lost. Under I)resent circumstances I shall not attempt to enter Hampton, though the bridge may be constructed for future use Page 148 148 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. As soon as I can get spades I shall fortify this side of the Poquosin, ilarrods Mill, and Youngs Mill, and will operate in the lower country from that line. The stations of your vedettes will, of course, depend upon your own headquarters. My remarks in relation to them are advisory. Marrow farm, however, is, I think, an important point, if you remain at Bartletts or Kit Curtis. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, [2.1 Brigadier- General, Commanding. AN ORDINANCE to ceJe to the Confederate States the property ill and jurisdiction over the forts, light-houses, beacons, marine hospital, and mint in North Carolina. SECTION 1. Be it ordained by the delegates of the people of North Caro- hna m conventton assembled, That the property in all tracts or parcels of land, lately held by the United States withiu the limits of North Carolina on which were erected any fortifications, light-houses, beacons, or marine hospital, and also the lot in the town of Charlotte, iu the county of Mecklenburg, on which is situated the buildings of the mint, be, and the same are hereby, granted to and vested in the Confederate States of America for the like objects, uses, and purposes for which they were formerly held by the said United States, to have and to hold the same to the said Confederate States so long as they shall severally be devoted and applied to such objects, uses, and purposes, and no longer. SEC. 2. Be it further ordained by the authority aforesaid,. That all armaments, furniture, a~d machinery, at or in any of such fortifications, light-houses, beacons, marine hospital, or mint, are hereby granted to and vested in the said Confederate States for the objects, uses, and pur- poses, and upon the conditions aforesaid. SEC. 3. And be it further ordained, That the jurisdiction of the State of North Carolina over each and all of said tracts or parcels of land and the buildings situated thereon is hereby granted to the said Con- federate States of America, excepting and reserving to this State the power to execute within and upon the same civil process in all cases and such criminal process as may issue under her authority against per- sons charged with offenses committed without the limits of said tracts or parcels of land, such jurisdiction to be retained by the said Confed- erate States so long as the said tracts or parcels of land shall be used for the purposes hereinbefore expressed, and no longer. Read three times and passed, June 27, 1861. W. N..EDWARDS, Teste: President of Convention. WALTER L. STEELE, Secretary. L. C. EDWARDS, Assistant Secretary. STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA, Office of Secretary of State: I, Rufus II. Page, Secretary of State iii and for the State of North Carolina, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the orig- inal ordinance on file in this office. Given under my hand this 28th day of June, 1861. RUFUS II. PAGE, [2.] Secretary of State Page 149 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 149 RICHMOND, VA., June 27, 1861. General RoBERT E. LEE, Commanding, Richmond, Va.: SIR: In accordance with your request I have the honor to report that while watching the U. S. forces at Newport News in the steam tender Teazer we sounded throngh the Swash Channel across Burwells Bay, but having no instruments fixed no marks for sailing directions nor any distances. The upper entrance we fonnd marked by a bush stuck in the mud, which we passed close on the left hand, with nine feet at low water. Half a mile below this, steering about south-southeast, one-half east, the water deepens to eighteen feet, and continues at that depth till we approach the lower entrance, where it shoals to nine feet again. The lower entrance is also marked by a pine stake, which we leave on the left going down, well open with the lower light-house till certain landmarks on Days Point come on, when we steer for Days Neck till the water deepens. This lower entrance I estimate to be one mile and a half from Days Point. The distance across the bay by the Swash I estimate to be six miles; channel straight and wide except at the entrance. The time employed in running it was forty-three minutes, while we were sixty-two minutes making the distance by the ships channel; tide with us each way, about the same strength. I believe that the upper entrance might be obstructed, but our examination was too hurried to be thorough. I am, sir, very respectfully, y our obedient servant, R. R. CARTER, [2.1 Lieutenant, C. AS~. Navy. GENERAL ORDERS, )~ DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS, No. 33. Yorktown, June 27, 1861. Colonel McLaws, of the Confederate Army, will take command of all the troops at and in the vicinity of Williamsburg, including Kings Mill, Groves Landing, Spratleys farm, & c. He will also see that the defenses in that neighborhood are prosecuted with vigor. Lieutenant- Colonel Ewell will report to Colonel McLaws the exact condition and progress of these works, and will give Colonel MeLaws all the assist- ance which his knowledge of the country and the people may enable him to do in order that the defenses in the neighborhood of Williams- burg may be finished without further delay, as well those that are commenced as those in contemplation. Colonel McLaws will make immediate requisition for such additional artillery as may be required for these works, and particularly for heavy guns, with ammunition for the same. He will order all the troops to work on the trenches until they are completed, and press the works forward with the utmost pos- sible vigor. Captain Rives, engineer, is assigned to dnty with Colonel McLaws, and will communicate to him the plans adopted by him and the brigadier-general commanding. Lieutenant-Colonel Ewell will do likewise. The station of Colonel Angust is hereby directed to be changed to Kings Mill or Groves Landing, at his option. Lieutenant Thornton who was ordered to report to Lieutenant-Colonel Ewell to drill the artillery companies at the mannal of the piece, and who, it has been represented to the brigadier-general commanding, has made no progress in this duty, will report to Colonel McLaws, who will direct him to take post in camp with the men he is to instruct, and to press them on in the knowledge of their duties with the most unremittin Page 150 150 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. industry. Colonel McLaws will make a special report from time to time to these headquarters as to the progress of the artillery companies. All the field and staff officers of this department will live in the encamp- ments with their men, except the field and staff connected with the headquarters of the department. Surgeons in charge of hospitals and chaplains will be allowed to live in quarters. By order of Brigadier.General Magruder: C-. B. COSBY, [2.] Major and Acting A8sistant Adjutant- General. IIDQRS. NORTHERN DEPT. OF THE COAST DEFENSES, New Berne, June 28, 1861. Lion. WARREN WINSLOW, Secretary Military Board, Raleigh, N. C.: Sin: I have now examined the whole coast committed to my charge. I am proceeding to have batteries erected at the inlets, but the coast cannot be defended without mounted artillery and cavalry. I would very respectfully suggest the blending of the two corps to the extent of giving to each company of cavalry a battery of two 6-pounder and two 12-pounder howitzers. The spare dragoons can act as vedettes. At least six companies will be required. I beg most respectfully to refer you to my report to His Excellency Governor Ellis, bearing date 30th of May, and inviting his attention to my former report to him on the 26th of May [27th of May]. There are scarcely men enough now assigned to the department to serve the batteries already erected, and none as a reserve to defend them in case of an attack and a success on the part of the enemy in effecting a landing. Such force is necessary in any well-arranged scheme of shore batteries erected to resist a supe- rior naval force. I beg only to add that such a force is indispensable for the batteries, and that it is useless to keep up those erected and much more useless to erect any more without a further supply of troops assigned to my command. The Winslow is doing good service, having already in a few days made two captures, and clearly the better she does in taking prizes the more likely it becomes that an attack will be made on some of our batteries by the enemy, and then it will be seen, if not sooner, that the forces I am asking ought to have been supplied in time. By command of Brig. Gen. Walter C-wynn, commanding: H. H. COLLIER, [4.] Aide-de- Camp. SPEcIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. C-ENERALS OFFICE, INo. 84. Richmond, June 2.9, 1861. * * * * * * * IX. Capt. E. P. Alexander, Corps of Engineers, will proceed to Manassas Junction, Va., and report for duty, with his system of sig- n a] s, to Brigadier-General Beauregard, commanding. By command of the Secretary of War: JXO. WITHERS, Assistant Adjutant- General. [2. Page 151 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 151 ADJUTANT AM) INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, June 29, 1861. Maj. II. L. CLAY, C. S. Army, Assistant Adjutant- General, Lynchburg, Va.: SIR: On the 14th instant a telegram was directed to Capt. Thomas G. Williams, then commissary at Lynchburg, directing that regiments arriving at Lynchburg armed and equipped should be sent to Manassas Junction to report to General G. T. Beauregard, and that regimeiits and companies unarmed would be reported by telegraph and detained at Lynchburg for orders. It now becomes necessary to modify these instructions, and to require that all troops, armed and unarmed, arriv- ing at Lynchburg be held there and immediately reported to this office for orders. For this purpose you will make to this office daily a tabu- lar statement of the arrival of all troops at Lynchburg, giving the designation of the regiments and companies, the State from which they are received, the date of their arrival, whether armed and equipped, and whether mustered into service according to the accompanying form. You will please direct the companies of the regiment of Georgia Volunteers now arriving at Lynchburg from Rome, Ga., to proceed to this place via South Side Railroad. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. . Illianassas Junction, June 29, 1861. I. The Third Regiment South Carolina Volunteers, Colonel Williams, will be relieved from the Third Brigade, General Jones, and assigned temporarily to the First Brigade, Geiieral Bonli am. Colonel Williams will proceed with his regiment to Fairfax Court-House as soon as trans- portation can be furnished and report to General Bonham. II. On the arrival of the Third Regiment South Carolina Volunteers, the First Regiment South Carolina Volunteers, Colonel Gregg, will proceed to Fairfax Station, where it will hold itself in readiness to be transported to some point to be designated hereafter. III. On the departure of the First Regiment South Carolina Volun- teers, the Eighth Regiment South Carolina Volunteers, Colonel Cash, will move to Fairfax Court-House. Jtsplace at Germantown will be sup- plied by the Eighteenth Regiment Virginia Volunteers, Colonel With- ers. The latter regiment and the Twentyeighth, Colonel Prestons, will be held in readiness to support General Bonhams brigade in case of a sudden attack by the enemy with a superior force. Colonel Cocke will keep his headquarters at Centerville or transfer them to Colonel Prestons camp. IV. On the departure of the Third Regiment South Carolina Volun- teers from Mitchells Ford, General Jones will detach a company of his brigade to that point to guard the ford. By order of Brigadier-General Beauregard: SAML. JONES, Lieutenant- Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. [2. Page 152 152 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. IXIJL HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, illanassas Junction, Va., June 30, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.: SIR: Your letter of the 29th instant is received. By the inclosed copy of a letter to General Bonham it will be seen that I had already called his attention to the absolute necessity of stopping any informa- tion to the newspapers relative to the strength or intended operations of this army, for, as I tell him, secrecy in war is- half the victory. Unfortunately I find that our regulations do not forbid such publica- tions, and I think the War Department ought to provide for this defi- ciency as soon as practicable, as well as preventing newspaper reporters from coming within several miles of the lines of an army in the field and in the presence of an enemy. I have thus far been most industri- ously circulating exaggerated reports of the strength of the army under my command, and the correspondence referred to has probably destroyed the result of my labors. The Department may then judge of the disap- pointinent I experienced when the subject was called to my attention. I remain, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [Inelosure.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC ]Jfana8sas Junction, June 29, 1861. Brigadier-General BONHAM, Commanding, Fairfax Court-House, Va.: GENERAL: I send you, to be returned when read, two slips* of the Charleston Mercury of the 25th and 27th instant, containing valuable information as to the condition and location of our forces, one of which purports to be an extract from the letter of a member of your staff, and the other from a correspondent. The first, to say the least, is highly improper and prejudicial to the future operations of this army, and the last is positively treasonable. I beg to request that you would adinon- ish those under your command not to write anything for public or private use relative to the condition and future operations of this army, for, if correct, the enemy will take advantage of it, and if incorrect, it might as well not be communicated, unless for a special purpose, which should be judged of by those in command alone. Moreover, the Army Regulations were most positive on that subject, and should be enforced, if still so. I have to request that you would endeavor to find out the author of the last communication referred to that he may be ordered away from the vicinity of this army forthwith. Secrecy in war is half the victory. Unless we can maintain it we might as well disband our forces at once under the present circumstances. Yours, truly, G. T. BEAUREGARD, [2.] Brigadier-General, Commanding. CAMP JACKSON, Near Wytherilie, July [1], 1861. His Excellency FRANCIS W. PICKENS: Mv DEAR SIR: This will be handed to you by my friend Major Gib. boney, who visits Charleston and Georgia upon matters of business Not found Page 153 153 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. connected with arming my brigade. I commend him to your kind attention, and I ask of you the special favor to render him such aid as will enable him to procure for me arms for my people. I have three regiments completed and a fonrth rapidly forming. I lack 1,600 guns to complete my arms. Can you help me~ My men handle the rifle with perfect dexterity, and would be most efficient with it; but failing to procure that arm I would be content with the percussion inn sket. Major Gibboney will attempt to purchase double-barreled guns for my cavalry. Have you any sabers you could spare~ Four hundred would make me happy. If you can spare and help to procure these arms for me, I will give my promise to return them or a similar number of equal arms in the progress of a year. Neither the Confederate Government nor the State of Virginia can furnish the arms, and I am fretting extremely under the delay caused by their want. Help me in this, my dear friend, and you will add another great obligation to those I am nuder to you for countless kindnesses you have shown me for many years. I am, very truly, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYD. [2.] CAMP JACKSON, Near iVytheville, July [1], 1861. Hon. HOWELL COBB: Mv DEAR SIR: This note will l)e handed to you by my friend lVIaj. William Gibboney, who has most kindly consented to visit the South for the purpose of procuring arms, if it be possible, to arm my people, who are all ready for the field but for want of arms. I know your Gov- ernor could furnish them if he would. How caii he be influenced to do soc? I want 1,600 arms, and would greatly prefer rifles; but failing in that would be happy to get the percussion musket. I have three regi- ment~ in the field and a fourth rapidly organizing. I beseech you to give all the aid you can to Major Gibboney in procuring the arms, so absolutely essential to me before I can render any aid to the great cause. 1 will return the arms or better ones, in the course of a year; so, indeed, it would amount simply to a loan. Add another to the countless obligations you have laid me under by helping me in this hour of my great need. With the kindest wishes for your prosperity and success at all times, I am, very truly, yonr friend, JOHN B. FLOYD, [2.] Brigadier-General, C. ~S. Army. RICIIMOND, July 2, 1861 Governor T. 0. MoORE, New Orleans: Send the Ninth Regiment here. L. P. WALKER. HEADQUARTERS, Winchester, Va., July 2, 1861. General G. S. MEEM, Port Jackson, Va.: SIR: I have just received your note of the 1st instant. It has just been reported to me officially that the enemy was at the time of th Page 154 154 MD., E. N. C,, PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. report crossing the Potomac. Let me therefore impress upon you the necessity of the utmost dispatch in moving your brigade to this point. Most respectfully, your obedient servant, J. E. JOHNSTON, [2.] Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. Adjutant-General COOPER, BALDWIN, FLA., July 3, 18G1. Richmond, Va.: The regiment designed for Virginia will organize at Jacksonville on the 10th instant. Will you telegraph Captain Stockton or Captain Gibbs to muster in. A. S. PERRY. [2.] liICHMO~D, VA., July 5, iSGi. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: DEAR SIR: I have the honor to communicate to you officially the inclosed resolutions adopted by the convention of Virginia at its late session. I deem it proper to say that these resolutions were adopted in secret session, and they have only been communicated to you and to the Governor of this Commonwealth. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN L. EUBANK, Secretary of the Convention. [Inclosure. I Report of the committee on Harpers Ferry machinery, stores, & c., adopted by the convention of Virginia, June 29, 1861. First. Resolved, That the Governor of the Commonwealth of Vir- ginia turn over and transfer to the Government of the Confederate States, for use during the war, all the machinery and stores captured by the Virginia forces at Harpers Ferry, now in the possession of the State, reserving the right of property in the same. Second. Resolved, That this convention hereby ratifies and confirms the act of the Governor of the Commonwealth, authorizing the use during the war, by the President of the Confederate States, or those acting under his authority for the common defense o property, munitious of war, & c., captured from , f all the public the United States, reserving to the State of Virginia the right of property in the same; and the Governor is directed to preserve an inventory of all property thus turned over, in order that such of it as may be consumed, injured, or destroyed, may be the subject of just account between the State of Virginia and the Confederate States. Third. Resolved, That the Governor of Virginia be authorized to allow the Confederate Government, on such terms as he may deem just and reasonable, the nse of the Armory building, at Richmond, for oper- ~ting said machinery. A true copy. JOHN L. EUBANK, Secretary of the Convention. [2. Page 155 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 155 RICHMOND, July 6, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: SIR: I take the liberty of calling your attention to the accompanying papers. Accompanying this letter you will find a copy of a plan for organizing secretly a military force for the liberation of the State of Maryland. There is also a copy of this plan in cipher. I inclose the key. Also a letter to the Hon. S. T. Wallis, of Baltimore, in cipher, and a copy. My object in presenting these papers to you is to ascer- tain the views of the War Department with regard to the proposed plan, and to request that, if it is possible, the letter and plan for Mr. Wallis may be sent to him as soon as possible. All correspondence may, if you desire it, pass through the Department, where it can be inspected. I will here state that if the plan succeeds, the moment the troops commence active service they will be prepared to enter the Confederate Army. Hoping that you will give this matter your earliest attention, I have the honor to remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES D. MCCABE, JR. [liuclosnre No. 1.] A plan for the effectual organization of a military force in the State of Maryland to co-operate with the Army of the Confederate States against the U. S. troops. In order to assist the C. S. forces in their operations in Maryland it is proposed to organize, with the utmost secrecy, a force to co-operate with them at such time as the President of the Confederate States may designate. The organization is to be carried to perfection by appointing certain trustworthy persons in Maryland as officers, and authorizing them to enlist men and to hold them in readiness to con- centrate at such points as shall be designated. The troops shall be armed with any weapons that are convenient to them. Shotguns, rifles, pistols, anything that is calculated to convey destruction to the enemy, may be used to advantage. In the country it may be possible to organize companies of cavalry, and it is desirable that as many may be formed as possible. The State is to be organized as one division, to be commanded by a major-general of division. It is to be subdivided into three brigades, each to be commanded by a brigadier-general. Each brigade is to consist of five regiments; each regiment of ten companies. The State is to be divided as follows: First Brigade.To comprise the following counties: Baltimore County (including the city), Harford County, Frederick County (including the city), Washington County, and Carroll County. Second Brigade.To comprise the following counties: Howard County, Anne Arundel County, Prince Georges County, Calvert County, Charles County, and Saint Marys County. Third Brigade.Cecil County, Kent County, Queen Annes County, Talbot County, Dorchester County, Worcester County, Somerset County, and Caroline County. The subdivision of brigades into regiments is as follows: First Briyade.First and Second Regiments, to be formed in Balti- more City; Third Regiment, to be formed in Baltimore City and County; Fourth Regiment, to be formed in ilarford and Carroll Counties; Fifth Regiment, to be formed in Washington and Frederick Counties Page 156 156 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII Second Brigade.First Regiment, to be formed in Anne Arundel and Howard Counties; Second Regiment, to be formed in Anne Arundel and Prince Georges Counties; Third Regiment, to be formed in Calvert and Prince Georges Counties; Fonrth Regiment, to be formed in Cal- vert and Charles Counties; Fifth Regiment, to be formed in Charles and Saint Marys Counties. Third Brigade.First Regiment, to be formed in Kent and Cecil Counties; Second Regiment, to be formed in Queen Annes and Talbot Connties; Third Regiment, to be formed in Dorchester County; Fourth hegiment, to be formed in Somerset and Caroline Counties; Fifth Reg- iment, to be formed in Worcester County. The utmost vigilance is to be observed in carrying out these arrange- ments, as the disclosure or discovery of one circumstance might lead to the ruin of the entire scheme. When all is ready and the command is given to rally for the defense of Maryland and the South, the various regiments will rendezvous at the following places: First Brigade.First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Regiments in Baltimore City, where they will remain quiet until ordered to appear publicly. Second Brigade.First Regiment, Baltimore City; Second and Third Regiments, Pig Point, Calvert County; Fourth Regiment, lluntingtown, Calvert County; Fifth Regiment, Washington, on the Patuxent. Third Brigadc.First Regiment, Chestertown, Kent County; Second Regiment, Centerville, Queen Annes County; Third Regiment, Easton, Talbot County; Fourth Regiment, Cambridge, Dorchester County. Having at their different places of rendezvous it will be abso- met lutely necessary to concentrate the brigades at some point. The First Brigade being in Baltimore, there will exist no immediate iiecessity for this step. With the Second Brigade the First Regiment will rendez- vous in Baltimore. Within twelve hours after the appointed time the Fifth Regiment of the Second Brigade will cross the Patuxent and march with all speed upon lluntingtown, where it will meet the Fourth Regiment, which will be in readiness. A delay of six hours will be given here to aftbrd the men an opportunity to rest themselves; then both regiments will without delay push on for Pig Point, in Calvert County, where they will be met by the Second and Third Regiments. The four regiments thus formed will push on with the utmost speed for Baltimore, in order to co-operate with the First Brigade. The utmost caution and vigilance will be observed along the route. The men will be unencumbered with baggage, each one being supplied with four days~ provisions, cooked or uncooked, as the general commanding may think best. In the Third Brigade the Fourth and Fifth Regiments will, in twelve hours after rallying, march with all possible speed to Easton, where, after a delay of six hours, upon being joined by the Third Regiment, the three regir~ents thus formed Will march at once for Centerville. After a delay of six hours for rest, upon being joined by the Second Regiment, they will at once proceed to Chestertown, where they will meet the First Reglinent. The brigadier-general commanding will now use his discretion as to whether it is more expedient to cross the bay and push on for Baltimore, or to march on by forced marches through Cecil County, and cross the bay near the mouth of the Susquehanna, and then to push on for Baltimore. The key to the alphabet in cipher shall be furnished to colonels of regiments, who shall furnish it at their discretion to captains of coInI)anies, but to none others. The colonels shall see that a system of communication with some officer stationed i Page 157 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 157 Richmond shall be kept up, with the consent of the President of the Confederate States, and for that purpose post-riders shall hold them- selves in readiness to carry communications, which must be forwarded by the colonel of a regiment to the Maryland shore of the Potomac, opposite Aqnia Creek. information having been gotten to the com- mandant of the Southern troops on the Virginia side, he shall receive the dispatches and cause them to be forwarded to their address. Orders coming from headquarters shall possess supreme authority. The organ- ization formed under this plan shall be known as the Maryland League. [Inolosuro No. 2.] RICHMOND, July 6, 1861. Hon. S. T, WALLIS, Baltimore, Md.: M~ DEAR SIR: I have forwarded to the honorable Secretary of War of the Confederate States a communication in cipher, the key to which you have already received. The great advantage of this plan is that when Maryland does turn upoi~ her oppressors she will have a rega- larly organized force, and not a mere rabble without organization. Perhaps a better plan for concentration would be to cause the men to enter Baltimore separately for two or three weeks before striking a blow. They could be secreted there and held in readiness. The troops, when they enter service, will be required to enter the Confederate Army; but I suppose none will object to this. I would be glad to serve you here in any manner. Answer in cipher and inclose to the Secretary of War. Respectfully, JAMES D. MCCABE, JR. [2.] RICHMOND, July 8, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: ~If there are any Alabama companies at Lynchbnrg not belonging to organized regiments send them here via South Side Railroad. Send here also the companies of the Tenth Georgia Regiment. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, July 8, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: Order all Alabama companies at Lynchburg to this point. L. P. WALKER. [2.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, ]Jfanassas Junction, July 8, 1861. Colonel EARLY, Commanding Sixth Brigade: COLONEL: The general commanding has directed to be sent to Fair- fax Station some 6,000 wing badges, made in Richmond, which h Page 158 158 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. wishes to be used by the infantry and cavalry of your brigade and that of General Ewell until otherwise directed. Your brigade will wear these badges the yellow side out, and General Ewells the red side out. Each brigade commander will designate, at their option, the shoulder upon which the wing will be worn by his brigade. All pains and precautions must be taken to make the men of your command understand these badges and to regard them as the insignia of frieuds, who are not to be fired into nuder any pretense. It is the intention of the general that your artillery shall wear a different badgeper- haps a red flannel band around the cap or arm. This will be indicated in time and the flannel furnished. Colonel Cockes brigade will wear a red flannel band badge around the cap or arm. This is communicated, so that it may be made known also to your several regiments, corps, and companies. The general trusts that after the recent catastrophe in one of our advanced brigades it will be unnecessary to impress on your men the need for coolness, an iron nerve, and all possible precau- tions against the slaughter of our own men. Respectfully, colonel, your obedient servant, THOS. JORDAN, [2.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, VA., July 9, 1861. General WINSLOW, Raleigh, N. C.: We are without arms, having issued the last to-day. Our necessities are most urgent. Can you not send us 2,000 l L. P. WALKER. [2.] Maj. Gen. L. POLK, RICHMOND, July 9, 1861. JUiemphis, Tenn.: The Twelfth and Thirteenth Mississippi Regiments, now at Union City, you will order to Lyuchburg without delay. You can supply their places with other troops from such points within your command as you may think proper. L. P. WALKER. [2.] ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, July 9, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia, Richmond, Va.: SIR: I am instructed by the President of the Confederate States to request that you will issue your proclamation calling into immcdiate service the militia of the counties of Greene, Orange, Madison, Culpeper, Stafford, Rappahanuock, Fauquier, Prince William, Londoun, and Fair- fax, of your State, to assemble and report themselves to General Beau- regard, near Manassas Junction, with the least practicable delay, bring- ing with them their arms and ammunition. This force to be called out according to the militia organization of the State, including staff. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. ~2. Page 159 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 159 ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, July .9, 1861. Brig. Gem Tfol\IAs T. FAUNTLEROY, & c., Richmond, Va.: SIR: You will receive herewith an appointment of brigadier-general of provisional forces in the service of the Confederate States. Should you accept the appointment you will repair without delay to Winches- tei, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston at his camp near that place. Your command will be composed of the militia of the surrounding country called into service to resist invasion and such other troops as may be assigned to you by General Johnston. The militia thus called into service will be received and used by you in such numbers as they present themselves and with regard to time of service, whether for short or long periods. You will hasten their organization and use them to the best possible advantage. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, [2.1 Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, July 10, 1361. General A. R. LAWTON, Sa?annah 4~q Send C. J. Williams regiment here without delay. L. P. WALKER. [2.j RICHMOND, July 10, 1861. General WARREN WINSLOW, Raleigh, AT. U.: Send D. K. McRaes regiment here, where it will receive its accouter- ments. This will save the delay hi ordering them from Augusta. 112.] L. P. WALKER. RICHMOND, July 10, 1861. W. G. ROBINSON, Assistant Adjutant- General, Raleigh, N C.: Your letter of the 3d instant received. It is the Presidents wish that you send on with the least possible delay the ten regiments of State troops and the six regiments of volunteers for twelve months, being the force tendered by you. Require all the troops to be fully armed and equipped, and if practicable send ammunition with them. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, July 10, 1861. Governor PICKENS, Columbia, S. C.: I have seen General Gist. You will please send here without delay the Second and Sixth Regiments, commanded by Secrest and Blanding. These regiments are in addition to the two I requested you to send the other day. [2.] L. P. WALKER Page 160 160 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. CIRCULAR.] HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE FORCES, AR1~IY OF THE POTOMAC, Fairfax Court-House, July 10, 1861. (Confidential. To be confined to brigade and regimental commanders till the moment for communication arrives, of which information will be sent from these headquarters.) The first time the badges are assumed they will be worn on the left shoulder, the yellow side out. Where strips of flannel are worn, they will be tied around the left arm. By order of Brigadier-General Bonliam: GEG. W. LAY, [2.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, July 11, 1861. Ma]. H. L. CLAY, Assistant Adjutant- General, Lynchburg, Va.: Send all the armed companies that are at Lynchburg or that may arrive there to this place via South Side road. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, July 11, 1861. General CHARLES CLARK, Corinth, ]Iiliiss.: I telegraphed General Polk on yesterday to order the Twelfth Mis- sissippi Regiment, now at Union City, to this place without delay. He may not be in Memphis; I therefore repeat the order to you. L. P. WALKER. [2.] RICHMOND General WINSLOW, , July 11, 1861. Raleigh, N. C.: I have not heard from you in regard to my dispatch about arms. You will also advise me when you will be able to send any recruits on. We are needing them now, in daily expectation of an engagement. L. P. WALKER. [2.] Hon. L. P. WALKER: RALEIGH, N. C., July 11, 1861. We are nearly out of arms. I am scouring the State for them. Sixth Regiment State troops left to-day for Richmond. Hope to get off four, perhaps five, regiments next week. WARREN WINSLOW. [2.] RICHMOND VA Hon. L. P. WALKER, , ., July 11, 1861. Aecretary of War: SIR: I beg leave to call your attention to the inclosed copy of the proceedings of our city council in relation to a matter which all of th Page 161 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 161 military gentlemen with whom I have conversed consider of no small importance. By way of explanation for this communication and the adoption of the second resolution, I have to say that it is the opinion of many of our citizens, as well as members of the council, that if these defenses should be erected around IRichmond it is not alone the duty of our citizens to build them, but as this city is au important point to the Confederate Government, there are the same reasons for the Govern- ment taking charge of these works that has induced this to be done at other points. The council, however, is perfectly willing to bear a fair proportion of the expenses. As chairman of the coummittee of the council, I desire to have an interview with you either on Thursday or Saturday of this week, for the purpose of consulting with you on this subject. Your attention will oblige your obedient servant, THOS. H. WYINNE, Chairman Committee on Defenses. [Inc~osure.] At a regular monthly meeting of the council of the city of Richmond, held at the coumicil chamber, July 8, 1861, Mr. Wynne, as chairman of the committee on defenses, made a report on the condition and progress of the work, and offered the following resolutions, which were adopted: Resolved, That the mayor of the city be requested to impress the services of such free negroes as he may tbink proper to work on the fortifications around the city, and the same be put under the charge of the superintendent of defenses, to be employed under such regulations and restrictions as m~ y be ordered by the com- mittee on defenses. Resolved, That the committee on defenses be instructed to confer with the author- ities of the Confederate States for the purpose of making some arrangements for the erection of redoubts around the city, if they are considered necessary. PETER W. RALSTON, [2.1 Clerk pro tem. HDQRS. EASTERN SHORE VIRGINIA FORCES, C. S. ARMY, Camp Huger, July 11, 1861. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War, C. S. A.: SIR: In accordance with orders received from R. S. Garuett, adjutant- general of Virginia, under date of May 29, 1861, 1 have mustered into service as active volunteers of Virginia three companies of infantry and one of cavalry, numbering in the aggregate about 220 men. I have transmitted muster-rolls of these companies to the adjutant-general of Virginia, and as this force was included in the transfer to the C. S. Army, I deem it my duty to make this report to you. This force has now been doing active service at Camp Huger for four weeks. The encampment is within three miles of the court-house of Northampton County, Va. Other companies will probably be mustered in at an early day. We are almost entirely cut off from the rest of the Southern Con- federacy by the blockade of the Chesapeake Bay, and rarely have opportunities of conferring with our Government, and even then at great risk. You can readily perceive, sir, that we would be glad to receive all the information and instructions as to our duty with which you can furnish us. I would be glad to be instructed on the following 11 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 162 162 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT ~. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. IXIII. points: First. Will volunteers of this force in future be required to enlist for one year or for three, and are they received into the C. S. Army as active volunteers of Yirginia ~ Second. Upon what guarantee of pay- ment can our assistant quartermaster purchase his stores for the troops ~ (The assistant quartermaster has found great difficulty in the premises. He has no funds, and venders are not assured of certain payment; when and how.) Please be kind enough to send me a copy of the rules and regulations for the government of our Army and any other instructions which you niay think we need. With highest respect, I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, CHAS. SMITH, Colonel, Comdg. Eastern Shore Virginia Forces, C. S. Army. [2.] RICHMOND, July 12, 1861. Governor JOSEPH E. BROWN, Atlanta, Ga.: The crisis of our fate may depend upon your action. The two regi- ments you have organized are indispensable to success. For the sake of our cause and the country 1 beseech you to send them, without stand- ing upon the point of the brigade organization. The President has no power to accept a brigade. If you refuse you will regret it. It is not necessary that I should say more. Semmes regiment, about which the President wrote you some time since, I have been compelled to order here. You can doubtless supply its place in a few days. [2.] L. P. WALKER. General A. R. LAWTON, RICHMOND, July 12, 1861. Sarannak, Ga.: You must also send here at once ~ regiment. Our necessities are imminent. I have telegraphed Governor Brown to supply its place. [2.] L. P. WALKER. MANASSAS JUNCTION, VA., July 12, 1861. Brig. Gen. R. S. EWELL, Commanding Second Brigade, Fairfax Station, Va.: GENEHAL: I hope you have understood that on arriving at Union Mills you need not cross the ford to this side, unless compelled to by the enemy, for it would be better, in consequence of our projected operations, to take a favorable position at or about the railroad station at said mill for the object in view. The same must be done by Colonel Rodes at McLeans Ford, when he will enter in communication with General Jones, as you will with Colonel Early, and you will all await my orders for advancing, as already instructed. Your wagons, & c., will cross the Union Mills Ford and retire to rear Colonel Kemper~s present encampment at Camp Wigfall, where they will be out of the way. Should you, however, find it necessary to have Colonel Rodes regiment with you to protect your right flank or rear, you can order him to await your instructions at or near the point where he will hav Page 163 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 163 to cross the maui road from Union Mills to Centervifle. Your move- ment will be supported by four or six pieces of Waltons battery, per- haps more. Respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAURE(~ARD, Brigadier- General, Commanding. P. SWith regard to Mr. J. Talbot, if any one can answer for him you can let him go, but iiot in advance of your lines; otherwise send him here. G. T. B. [Indorsernent.] SIXTH BRIG., EARLYS AND KEMPERS YIRGINfA VOLS. A~n SLOANS SOUTH CAROLINA VoLS., July 12, 1861. Colonel EWELL: COLONEL: The brigadier-general commanding desires me to say to you that in case of an attack from the enemy his headquarters will be at Mr. McLeans farm house between Camp Walker and Mitchells Ford. 1 am, respectfully, your obedient servant, A. H. CHISOLM, [2.] _____ Aide-de- Camp. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES, No. 32. Richmond, July 12, 1861. The trains conveying troops are hereafter to start and run upon the time of the schedule. It will be necessary, therefore, for the regiments to be prompt in their movements from the camps to the depots, so as not to cause delay. Baggage mast be reduced whenever a regiment receives marching orders, and but one trip of the baggage wagons will be allowed from camp to the railroad. The following is the allowance of transportation for that purpose, which in no case will be exceeded: For each company one wagon, and for the field and staff of regiments five wagons. All surplus baggage must be stored in the city before departure. The quartermaster will see that the baggage arrives at the depot at least one hoar before the time of starting the train. This rule will also apply to the transportation of all ordnance and ordnance stores, By command of General Lee: GEG. DEAS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant-General.. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, July 12, 1861. THOMAS II. WYNNE, Chairman of the (Jominittee on Defenses, Richmond, Va.: SIR: Your note of the 11th instant, inclosing a copy of resolutions adopted by the council of the city of iRichinond at a regular monthly meeting held at the council chamber July 8, 1861, has just been received. I fully concur in your views and those of the council, that redoubts should be built aroand Richmond wherever practicable and necessary. The Confederate (Joverninent of course takes the deepest iiiterest possible in this city, not alone because, as you suggest, it is the capital, but because it is a part of the Confederate States. There will be no difficulty, therefore, in having the expense of the construction of such works divided between the Government and the city in such pro- portion as will be, under all the circumstances, equitable and just. I Page 164 164 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL. addition to the above, it is the opinion of this Department that all the available militia force in and about Richmond should at once be put in a course of complete organization and be well drilled. This, as well as the construction of the redoubts referred to, should be p~roinptly attended to, so that the city should be prepared for any contingency that might arise under the fortunes of war. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, L. P. WALKER, [2.] _______ Secretary qf War. HEADQUARTERS FORCES ~OEFOLK HARBOR, Norfolk, July 12, 1861. Lient. Col. GEORGE DEAS, Asst. Adjt. Gem., C. S. Ar my, Hdqrs. Forces, Richmond: COLONEL: I have the honor to inclose herewith a list of the volun- teer companies of Virginia under my command, organized into regi- ineuts and battalions as far as. it can be done at present. It will be seen that all the infantry regiments have their complement of coin- panics except the Forty-first, Colonel Chambliss, which will very soon be filled up by companies now ready to be mustered into service, as I understand. Lieutenant-Colonel Taliaferro has reported to me, agree- ably to instructions from general headquarters, but as two lieutenant- colonels were assigned at Richmond to two of the regiments here I have no position for him at present; neither have I any infantry regi- ment to assign Major Bradford, and his services being indispensable to me as mustering officer and acting inspector-general I do not deem it desirable to attach him to the field batteries, as it is necessary that the field officers belonging to that battalion should be with it. Maj. D. E. finger, just appointed, is still on duty with Brigadier-General Withers as acting assistant adjutant-general, but as I have no position to assign him among the regiments under my command I beg leave to report the fact to you. I am, sir, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, BENJ. HUGER, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [Incloanre.] GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. FORCES NORFOLK HARBOR, No. 39. Norfolk, July 12, 1861. I. General Orders, No. 7, of May 11, from these headquarters, is hereby rescinded, and the companies of the Virginia Volunteers belong. tug to this command will be organized into regiments as follows, viz: THIRD REGIMENT. Colonel, Roger A. Pryor; lieutenant-colonel, F. H. Archer; major, Joseph Mayo. Companies. Letter of Letter of Oaptains. company. c ptains company. I 1. Jas. C. Choate A 6. w. J. Arthur F 2. A. B. Jordan B 7 Ii P Clements G 3. John C. Griffin C 8. J. B. Deans ii 4. W. II. Hood D 9 Thomas W. linifin I 5. 411. V. Scott E I ~ A. D. cancote Page 165 165 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. SIXTH REGIMENT. Colonel, William Mahone; lieutenant-colonel, Thomas J. Corprew; major, W. T. Lundy. Companies. Letter of Captains. company. 1. William N. McKenney A 2. Alex. M. Cunningham B 3. William Lamb C 4. John H. Ludlow D 5.J.H.Myers F Letter of - Captains. company. 6. George T. Rogers 7. H. W. Williamson 8. R. C. Taylor 9. L. F. Bossleux 10. Edmund H. Flournoy NINTH REGIMENT. Colonel, F. H. Smith; lieutenant-colonel, J. T. L. Preston; major, S. Crutchfield. Companies. Captains. 1. A. Hnpp A 2. John P. Myrick B 3. J. I. Mason C 4. W. J. Richardson B 5. H. P. Howell F Letter of Captains. company. 6. Jas. J. Phillips 7. J. C. Owens 8. H. N. Neblett 9. John T. Kilby 10. Edwd. Kearns Letter of company. F G H I K TWELFTH REGIMENT. Colonel, D. A. Weisiger; lieutenant-colonel, F. L. Taylor; Edgar L. Brockett. major, Companies. Captains. Letter of company. 1. J. P. May 2. John Lyon 3. T. H. Bond 4. W. II. Jarvis 5. B. Dodson Letter of Captains. company. A 6.E.M.Foild F B 7. W.M.Elliott 0- C 8. F.F.Fergnson H P 9. AM. Goodwyn I H 10. J. H. Lewellen K TWENTY-SIXTH REGIMENT. Colonel, IR. E. Colston; lieutenant-colonel, H. T. Parish; major, John C. Page. Companies. Letter of Letter of Captains. company. Captains. company. 1. H. 0. Whitehead A 0. H. ID. Perkins F 2. F. P. Holladay B 7. John T. Woodhonse 0- 3. H. T. Blamire C I 8. JYickery H 4. M. H. Watkins P 9. W. H. Weisiger I 5. H. H. Hammond H 10. J. H. Branch K F G H I Page 166 166 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. LCsAP. LXIII. FORTY-FIR~3T REGIMENT. Colonel, John IR. Chambliss, jr.; lieutenant colonel, George Blow, jr.; major, Fr. W. Smith. Companies. Captains. Letter of Letter of company. Captains. company. I. T.J.Eppes A 6. William H. Etheredge F 2. B. H. Nash B 7. Charles Ti. MeAlpine G 3. Jas. S. Gilliam C 8 H 4. AliSmith n 9 I 5. Thomas Kevill E 10 K CAVALRY REGIMENT. Colonel, ; lieutenant.colonel, ; major, John Companies. Letter of Captains. company. Captains. Letter of company. 1. John Fentress A 6. E. linffin,jr F 2. JohnE.iDoyle B 7. P.H.Lee G 3. B. W. Belsches C 8. J. E. Gillette Ill 4. ThIDMeliwaine D K 9 I 5. F.Taylor E 10. K BATTALION OF FIELD ARTILLERY. Colonel, ; lieutenant.colone], ; major, Companies. Letter of Letter of Captains. company. Captains. company. 1. J. N. Nichols A 2. M.N.Moorman B 3. C. F. Grimes C 4. F. Huger D 5.J.F. Chalmers E IT. Captains of companies will report forthwith to their respective colonels the strength of their companies, together with the names of the officers of each company. III. So soon as the colonels have received from the captains their reports they will make out regimental returns of their regiments, in duplicate, and forward them to this office. By command of Brigadier-General Huger: S. S. ANDERSON, [2.] Lieutenant- Colonel and Acting Adjutant- General Page 167 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 167 SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND JNsP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 96. Richmond, 17a., July 13, 1861. * * * * * - * VIII. Capt. Stephen D. Lee, corps of artillery, on being relieved in the duties of quartermaster and Commissary by Capt. H. C. Guerin, assistant commissary, Provisional Army, will repair to this city and report to the Adjutant-General. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHElIS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. CAMP JACKSON, Near Wytheville, July 12, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate AS~tates: DEAR SIR: I have been constantly occupied in bringing together the volunteers at this point from an area of 250 miles one way and 100 the other, very large portions of which are without railroad facilities. Our first regiment started to-day, and the other two will be ready to follow as soon as we get arms and ammunition and some camp equi- page, for which requisitions have already been made for some time. The want of field and staff officers has retarded us somewhat, although there is not much room for complaint of tardiness when it is remembered that three regiments have been raised since the 29th day of May, when the first companies were mustered into the service. Some delay is experi- enced from the necessity of repairing the arms of the country, which we have had to collect in a great measure for our nse. Au energetic man with some machinery has a set of gunsmiths here for the purpose, who have accomplished a great deal; but every gnu needed some repair. We will be at a greater loss for cavalry arms, and for these I scarcely know what to do, as I learn the Department have none at all. In a day or so I will submit to you nominations for the third or last regiment, which, unless you have some who from your own knowledge are exactly the right men, I would earnestly recommend for field appointments. I sent special and trusty messengers to the border of Kentucky to ascer- tain exactly the condition of things there. I send you a copy of the letters received from these men, showing the impression made on them at that time. They have since returned and fully communicated all the detailed information they possessed. From this and other sources I gather that there is much disaffection in Kentucky, although probably a majority are with the South. There is no doubt but that arms have been distributed by Lincoln to the Union men in the mountain region of Kentucky, and that the distribution is still going on. They are able to convey these arms openly through the country until they draw near the Tennessee line. None have reached Tennessee yet, nor are they likely to do so, as a strong guard is posted at Cumberlaud Gap and other points west of it. The sentiment in all the Virginia counties, clear along our borders to within twenty-five miles of the Ohio River, is perfectly sound, and the local population would no doubt capture any arms that might find their way over the borders. If the exigencies of the Government would allow, it would, I think, be judicious to establish a large depot for Southern troops at an eligibl Page 168 168 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL point in East Tennessee. The country is healthy, and supplies are cheap and abundant. If 10,000 men were established at liusseliville to form a camp of instruction they would be within twenty-four hours of Richmond, and would pretty effectually quell the spirit of rebellion fostered by John- son, Nelson, and their gang. The march of our people through the quar- ter of the State they are going will have, I have no doubt, a very salu- tary influence. It will be on nearly a straight line from this place to the region you designated on the Lower Kanawha. The road we travel lies upon and very near the fourth degree of longitude from Washington the entire way to the Falls of Kanawha, and although we pass through the wildest portion of the State all preparations are made for forage and subsistence throughout the route. I think Confederate bonds may be made to purchase what will be wanted for the service after the people become a little familiar with them. With the highest esteem, I am, truly, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYD. [2.] HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DISTRICT, Savannah, July 13, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War. Richmond, Va.: - Silt: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your two tele- graphic dispatches, the first directing me to order Colonel Williams regiment of Georgia enlisted men to Richmond, a~nd the second (received at a late honr last night) giving the same directions to Col- one] Semmes regiment. The order has already been given for the march of the first-named regiment. The peculiar character of this regiment may not occur to you at this moment. At the request of Governor Brown the regiment was received with twelve companies instead of ten. I urged that the Governors proposition be accepted to save the commissions of the additional captains, and gave as a reason that the number of companies would cause no embarrassment, as the regiment was intended to garrison the posts on the coast of Georgia. Captain Reads company has been separated from the rest of the regi- ment ever since it was organized, and is not in any way identified with it. Duties of a peculiar character have been assigned to this com- pany which cannot be performed at present by any other. I have there- fore ordered Colonel Williams to report at Richmond with the eleven companies under his immediate command, and really constituting his regiment, and will detain Captain Reads company here unless I am directed to send that on also. I would respectfully ask that this com- pany be comitinued with my command. Colonel Semumes regiment is posted on the lower coast of Georgia, amid it will require some time to notify amid transport them to this city en route to Richmond. All dis- patch will be used, however, in executing the directions of the Depart- ment. As the exposed condition of this coast makes it imnperatively necessary that the Three under my command should not be diminished, and the necessarily hasty character of this order by telegraph did not admit of detailed instructions for my guidance, I will proceed under the general authority heretofore given me (and with the assent of the Governor of Georgia) to mnster into seivice volnuteer companies enough to garrison all the posts heretofore occupied on the coast. Komme of them can be abandoned with6ut semions danger, nor without producing a pani Page 169 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 169 alOl)g the entire coast. I am entirely satisfied, from recent indications and appearances, that we cannot rest secure ill the hope that our climate will frighten off the enemy until the coming autumn. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. R. LAWTON, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RICHMOND, July 13, 1861. General WARREN WINSLOW, Raleigh, N. C.: It is understood that Capt. S. D. Ramseurs light battery at Raleigh is all complete and well drilled. It is much needed at Manassas. Please order it on without delay. [2.] L. P. WALKER. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, July 13, 1861. His Excellency JOHN LETCHER, Governor of Virginia: SIR: I am instructed by the President of the Confederate States to request that you will issue your proclamation, calling into immediate service the militia of all the counties nortili of James River and east of the Blue Ridge that have not been called, as well as all the militia in the valley novth of James River. The troops thus called into service will assenible in their respective neighborhoods, or at such rendezvous as you may think best, and in company, battalion, regimental, or brigade ~ may determine, and report themselves for orders with the least practicable delay, providing them- selves with their arms and ammunition. They will be called out accord- ing to the militia organizations of the State, in eluding staff, and under such regulations as you may l)rescribe. I have the honor to be, & c., L. P. WALKER, [2.] 8~ecretary of War. SATURDAY, July 13, 1861. * * * * * * * * The Governor having received from the Secretary of War of the Con- federate States a communication making a requisition fmom the Presi- dent for the call into service of all the militia on the north side of James River to the Blue Ridge and in the valley on the same side of said river, issued a proclamation in accordance therewith, and prescribing the regulations to be observed iii organizing the force so called. * * * * * * * [2.] JOHN LETCHER. WYTHEVILLE, July 13, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAvIS President of the Confederate States of America: Started Forty-fifth Regiment to-(lay for Kanawha. Forty-sixth or Forty-seventh will be ready whenever requisitions, already made, are filled.. Full particulars by mail. [2.] J. B. FLOYD. From the Executive Journal of the State of Virginia Page 170 170 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL RALBIc~H, N. C., July 14, 1861. President DAVIS: The troops at Weldon are ordered to be forwarded to-morrow and to be followed as fast as transportation can be provided. HENRY T. CLARK. [2.] LUNEYS CREEK, July 14, 1861. THOMAS MOSLIN, Esq.: DEAR Sin: I herewith send a dispatch from Colonel Johnson of the Northwest Army. The messenger states that they want all the troops that can be had. You will see from the dispatch that our men have been routed by the enemy. General Garne.tt and Colonel Heck are coming through the mountains by way of Tucker County and via Green- land here. They wish some troops sent to pilot them through the mountain. The Northern troops are making their way over the Stana- ton and Parkersburg road to Staunton. Eight thousand strong now at Huttonsyille. General Garnett wants to get through to Monterey with all the additional troops that can be had to stop them at Monterey. Yours, & c., W. J. MONEMA. You had better send a dispatch to Colonel McDonald immediately for as many men as can be had. NEAR YEAGERS, To~ OF MOUNTAIN, July 13, 186110 a. m. General GARNETT: I shall effect a junction with Colonel Scott about 1 p. m. to-day. He bas retreated to Greenbrier River at the foot of this mountain. The enemy can get in my rear by Huntersville and Monterey, and by Pen- dleton to Herron s. E. JOHNSON, Colonel Georgia Regiment. Written on note of W. C. Scott, of which we can read part, as fol- lows: Please hasten on by forced marches or the enemy may be too hard for me single handed. W. C. SCOTT, Colonel of Forty-fourth Regiment Virginia Volunteer8. [Judorsed.] Hand this to General Garnett. W. W. FLEMING. [2.] BALDWIN, FLA., July 15, 1861. Adjutant-General COOPER: The Second Regiment Florida Volunteers, 927 strong, has just left for Richmond per rail via Savannah and Weldon. Will arrive on the 19th or 20th. M. S. PERRY. [2. Page 171 CHAP LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 171 CORINTH, MIsS., July 15, 1861. S. COOPER, Adjutant- General: Thirteenth Mississippi Regiment started yesterday at 2 p. m. The Twelfth goes to-morrow. CHARLES CLARK, [2.] Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. FAIRFAX STATION, July 15, 1861. Col. THOMAS JORDAN, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General: SIR: As the enemy seem to be making more of a demonstration in this direction than first appeared, as shown by the force at Accotink Village and the occupation of Annandale and Springfield, it has seemed possible that the general commanding the Army of the Potomac might deem it advisable to send a battery or section of artillery to this point. There have been more intrenching and clearing than It first anticipated, and I would strengthen the points for the artillery. I make the sug- gestion with considerable hesitation, not urging the point. In case artillery were sent, it might be best to have the assistance of an engineer officer for a few hours. I think the advisability of this is somewhat doubtful, as there is a long line to defend, but there are better points than I first supposed for the purpose. The state of the river, bridges, & c., woumld affect the question, as a strong force might get between this and Union Mills Ford by driving the troops at Sangsters Cross-Roads. I think of drawing one of the cavalry companies from Sangsters Cross- Roads to this place. I have no means of examining the country in case of falling back, and for the purposes there one is nearly as good as two, as I should take the due proportion of picket and mounted duty. Respectfully, & c., [2.] R. S. EWELL. IIDQRS. ADVANCED FORCES, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Fairfax Court-House, Va., July 15, 1861. Col. THbMAS JORDAN, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General: SIR: The enemy send out large bodies of scouts, so that it becomes more arid more difficult to get news of his approach and of the strength of his advancing forces. In view of the fact that the enemy will prob- ably advance in large force, and of the further fact that I must retire by Germantown by a road which is directly along my line of battle, I respectfully inquire whether I shall fall back to Centerville on receiv- ing reliable information of his advance, or shall I first engage him to test his strength~ If I engage him I will scarcely, then, be able to know his force till his column from Falls Church by Flint Hill shall be so fhr advanced as to endanger the safe retirement of Williams and Ker- shaws regiments and Kempers battery. t do not propose to move till the enemy come, but I would be glad to have explicit instructions as to whether I shall wait to engage him or not when I find him moving on the three approaches to Fairfax Court-House and Germantown. I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, M. L. BONHAM, Brigadier- General, Gomm anding. P. S.I have this moment heard from a citizen near Accotink that the enemy have moved down three regiments to Dogue Run, on th Page 172 172 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL Telegraph road. Two miles lower on the same road they had a force of 300 on yesterday morning, a few of whom went down as far as Acco- tink, as it is said. M. L. B. [2.1 RICHMOND, July 16, 1861. Governor 1511MW G. HARRIS, Nashville, Teun.: Do you intend sending any Tennessee regiments here ~ L. P. WALKER. [2.] ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, July 16, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD, ]ifanassas Junction, Va.: You are fully authorized to accept and cause to be mustered into service such of the militia as may offer for the war into existing volun- teer regiments, as well as those who offer to organize into new conipa nies for the same purpose. ~. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. MANASSAS JUNCTION, VA., July 16, 18614.30 a. m. [General EWELL Fall back on this side of the Bull Run and hold it from Union Mills Ford to the west, including the railroad bridge, which you will burn. What artillery you do not want send with Earlys brigade to Camp Walker for further orders. Let them (including Earlys brigade) take their position from where Jenkins camp stood toward McLeans farm. G. T. BEAUREGARD, [2.] Brigadier- General, commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 120. 5 ]Iilianassas Junction, July 16, 1861. The following will be observed and executed by all concerned in the special contingencies indicated: I. Brigadier-General Longstreet will hold his brigade in readiness to march at a ~ notice and take position at Blackburns Ford, one regiment to be placed, with two pieces of Waltons battery, in position in advance of that ford, carefully covered from the view of the enemy, the other two regiments remaining on this side of the ford, concealed from sight as far as practicable, but ready to be thrown across at any moment. And when General Longstreet shall hear the enemy engaged on his left, at Mitchells Ford, he will move and attack him in flank and rear, as already instructed, keeping communication open with Bonhams brigade on the left and Jones brigade on the right. II. Brigadier-General Jones will be prepared to move his brigade from Camp Walker simultaneously with the Fourth Brigade to positions a Page 173 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETO.CONFEDERATE. 173 McLeans Ford corresponding with those to be occupied by Longstreet at Blackburns Ford. As already instructed, he will advance thence to the attack of the enemys flank, on the Centerville road, about half way between Centerville and Mitchells Ford, maintaining communication with General Longstreet on his left and General Ewell on his right. Supported by a section of Waltons battery, he will attack the enemys line as nearly simultaneously with Longstreets attack on the flank as practicable, but carefully guarding his own flank from a sudden attack by the enemy. III. Brigadier-General Ewell, after falling back at or near Union Mills, will make all the necessary preparations for an attack of the enemy at Centerville. His advance to that end will commence as soon as he shall have ascertained that the advanced forces of the enemy have passed Centerville in pursuit of Bonliams brigade, and he will then move forward with prudence and necessary military precautions. He will receive information from these headquarters by signals or couriers as to the movements of the enemy. As already instructed, General Ewell will be careful to protect his right flank from an attack of the enemy in the direction of Fairfax Station or from Farris Cross-Roads. His movements will be supported by his cavalry and four pieces of Waltons battery, and he will maintain communication on his left with General Jones, at McLeans Ford. IV. Simultaneously with the Third and Fourth Brigades Colonel Early will concentrate his brigade about half a mile in rear of Union Mills Ford and there hold it in readiness to move in support of Ewells brigade in the attack on the enemy at Centerville. Colonel Early will protect his rear with two pieces of Waltons battery, which will be attached to his brigade in due time. He will leave an additional coin- pany to guard the ford, which will be further protected by a piece from Waltons battery. V. Colonel Cocke, as soon as it is known that General Ewell has engaged the enemy, will advance his brigade, supported by his cavalry and artillery, and vigorously join in the attack at Centerville. VI. General Bonham, from his position at Mitchells Ford, will assume the offensive with spirit simultaneously with General Long- streets attack on the enemys flank and rear. VII. In the event of the movements thus indicated the headquarters of the general commanding will be established at once at McLeans farm-house. By command of Brigadier-General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, ~2.J Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. SAvANNAH, July 17, 1861. General S. COOPER: Williams regiment here actively preparing to march, but delayed a day or two because transportation engaged ahead for Florida regiment. Will reach Richmond by Monday morning at the farthest. Semmes regiment on the southern part of the coast. Sent orders to march by first mail after receiving dispatch. Will press them on as fast as possible. A. R. LAWTON, Brigadier- General. [2. Page 174 174 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL RiCHMOND, July 17, 1861. Governor T. 0. MooRE. New Orleans, La.: Order M. De Marignys regiment here without delay. L. P. WALKER. [2.] NASHVILLE, TENN., July 17, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS: Your dispatch of the 15th just received. We have twenty-three infantry regiments and three regiments of cavalry, all armed and equipped. I have sent three regiments to Haynesville, in East Ten- nessee. What portion of this force would you advise to be sent to Virginia l I. G. HARRIS. [2.] ENGINEER8 OFFICE, Richmond, July 17, 1861. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE, Commanding Virginia Forces: SIR: Herewith I have the honor to submit for your consideration a communication this morning received from Capt. A. L. Rives, in reply to the letter of Colonel Ewell, referred to this department. The objec- tions of Colonel Ewell to the lines of defense selected by Captain Hives appear to be unsupported by facts. Very respectfully, yours, & c., ANDREW TALCOTT, State Engineer. [Inclosure.] WILLIAMSBURG, July 13, 1861. Col. ANDREW TALOoTT, Chief Engineer, Virginia Forces: SIR: I should have replied before to your letter requesting informa- tion with reference to the defenses near this point, and inclosing Colonel Ewells communication of the 1st instant to General Lee on the same subject, had not General Magruders presence for the past three or four days so stimulated the work as to occupy my whole time. Progress is now satisfactory. In reply to Colonel Ewells communication, I beg leave to submit, respectfully, the following statement: Colonel Ewell was directed, if I mistake not, at an early day by General Lee to select the lines of defense near Williamsburg and commence them immediately. On our arrival Captain Meade and myself found nothing done and no definite selection whatever of points of defense made, only this: That in the colonels estimation the lines should rest on Queens and College Creeks, passing somcwhere near Williamsburg. The colonel makes an important mistake in his letter. It is this: Instead of a line of one mile and three-quarters between the creeks, three miles as the crow flies is the correct distance, and not less than three miles and a half selecting favorable ground. This mistake is the more singular, as the colonel had frequently seen my map, divided into square miles, before writing his letter of the 1st instant. I arrived on May 12, Colone Page 175 Ci~. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 175 Ewell then commanding and for fully six weeks thereafter, so that the defenses were, I should think, under his control during that period, although in this opinion I may be mistaken. At all events it seems to me that an earlier report was possible. It is further proper to state that during a period of three weeks Colonel Ewell placed scarcely any labor at my disposal, and that consequently scarcely any progress was made. Colonel McLaws, of Georgia, now commanding the post, and General Magruder for the time being making Williamsburg his head- qnarters, I hope soon to make a favorable report of progress. General Magruder approves of what has been done and what it is proposed to do. The following defenses are iu progress or executed: First. Main central work directed to be inclosed nearly finished, except the last closing line; front completed; platforms for guns, magazines, & c., in order. Second. Square flanking redoubt on right and dani on left well advanced. Third. Defenses at Tutters Neck, battery for two guns and rifle epaulement completed. Fourth. Kings Mill, rifle epaulemeut completed. Fifth. Spratleys farm, battery for four guns, two real and two imitation (by General Magruders order), well under way; will be completed next week. Sixth. At Kings Mill Landing, part of Colonel Augusts regiment engaged in throwing up breast-works and arranging battery for two pieces. Seventh. At Groves Wharf, the remainder of Colonel Augusts regiment engaged in local defenses. There are still six flanking square redoubts to be constructed, which, with the large amount of labor placed at my dis- posal by General Magruder, will soon be completed. With great respect, 1 have the honor to be, your obedient servant, ALFRED L. FIVES, [2.] Captain of Engineers. GENERAL ORDERS, IIDQRS. ARMY OF TilE PoToMAc, No. 41. 5 Manassas Junction, July 17, 1861. I. The general commanding the Army of the Potomac announces to his command that at length the enemy have advanced to subjugate a sovereign, and impose upon a free people an odious Government. Not- withstanding their numerical superiority, they can be repelled, and the general commanding relies confidently on his command to do it and to drive the invader back beyond his intrenched lines; but to achieve this the highest order of coolness, individual intelligence, and obedience on the part of each officer and man are essential. Great reliance will be placed on the bayonet at the proper juncture, but above all it is enjoined upon officers and men to withhold their fire until directed. The superior intelligence of the individual members of this command should in this respect compensate for the want of a veteran, long- trained soldiery. In firing, each man should take aim, and never dis- charge his piece without a distinct object in full view. II. The following are announced as the general and personal staff of the general commanding, and any written or verbal orders conveyed through them, or either of them, will be obeyed: Col. Thomas Jordan, Provisional Army of the Confederate States, acting assistant adjutant- general; Capt. Clifton II. Smith, Provisional Army of Virginia, assist- ant adjutant-general; Capt. S. W. Ferguson, C. S. Army, aide-de camp; Lient. Col. Thomas II. ~~illiamson, Virginia Army, chief engineer; Capt. E. P. Alexander, Engineer Corps, C. S. Army; Maj. William L. Cabell, C. S. Army, chief quartermaster; Col. li. B. Lee, C. S. Army, chie Page 176 176 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. commissary of subsistence; Surg. T. II. Williams, medical director; Col. Samuel Jones, C. S. Army, chief of artillery and ordnance. Vol- nuteer aides: (Jol. James Chesnut, jr., Col. J. L. Manning, Col. W. Porcher Miles, Col. John S. Preston, Col. A. R. Chisoim, Col. Joseph Heyward. By command of Brigadier-General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.1 Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. MANASSAS, July 17, 1861. General EWELL: Strike tents and send back all baggage wagons. I send cars to Ewell. G. T. BEAUREGARD. (Copy to General Cocke.) [2.1 HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Manassas Junction, July 17, 1861. General EWELL, Union Mills: The enemy being in such force we may not be able to attack Center- yule with safety. You will confine yourself to protecting the right flank and rear of Jones brigade, and be careful to protect your own flaiik from any attack in the direction of Fairfax Station. Keep strong pickets on roads leading in that direction, and let not the rear of Earlys brigade move too far from the Union Mills Station. But should you in the course of events find it practicable to make a sudden and successful attack on Centerville you are at liberty to do so. Respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD, [2.1 Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Manassas Junction, July 17, 1861. Brigadier-General BONHAM, Commanding First Brigade: GENERAL: I have just telegraphed you as follows: Your dispatch is received. You can commence moving to Mitchells Ford to-night, altogether, if necessary. You were written to on the subject through Major iRhett. I now furthermore instruct you to use entirely your own discretion as to when and how you should fall back on Mitchells Ford. I have ordered Colonel Kellys battalion Louisiana Volunteers and one North Carolina regiment to report to you at Mitchells Ford, to support you as a reserve or to extend on your left for the defense of Bull Run in that direction, if necessary. Respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD, [2.j Brigadier- General, Commanding Page 177 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 177 POCAHONTAS COURT-lousE, July 17, 1861. General LEE: Pardon me for suggesting that from my knowledge of the geography and topography of this country you ought speedily to place a force on the top of the Cheat Mountain (on the Staunton and Parkersburg turn- pike) and on the top of the Middle Mountain (on the Huttonsyille and Huntersyille turnpike). If you can hold these points the enemy cannot get east of the mountains, and 2,000 at either point onght to hold it against 8,000. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. SKEEN, Attorney ]br Commonwealth, of Aileghany. The forces for Middle Mountain would have to come via Millborough , Pocahontas Court-House, & c., or you might call ont the militia of Pocahontas and Greenbrier for this point. The enemy, I suppose, will for the next ten days go one-half toward Wise and the other to aid Patterson. This is only my impression, however; then they will return and attempt to advance by one or the other of these routes. [2.] MANASSAS JUNCTION, VA., July 18, 18Gi~ a. m. General R. S. EWELL, Union Mills $tation: When you shall have taken your position on other side of Bull Run, order companies at ford and bridge to join their regiments forthwith. Leave some pickets on other side of Bull i~un if you desire. G. T. BEAUREGARD, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RICHMOND, July 18, 1861. MaJ. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.. Forward Col. William Barksdales Mississippi regiment to Manassas immediately on its arrival at Lynchburg. S. COOPER, [2.1 Adjutant and Inspector General. MEMORANDA.] JULY 18, 1861. General R. E. LEE: First. Accept all men who are armed, with any organization or for any time. Second. Accept organized companies, battalions, or regi- ments for twelve months. This may not interfere with the Governors effort to raise volunteers for the war, and is better than to issue arms to the militia. Third. Do not call for twelve-monthsmen to be organ- ized, as this would defeat the effort to get men for the war. Fourth. The best arms should be given to the troops who agree to serve for the longest time. JEFFN DAVIS. [2.] 12 R RYOL LI~ PT I Page 178 178 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. tXIJI. LEWJSBUR~, July 18, 18G1. His Excellency J. DAVIS: DEAR SIR: Since the retreat of our troops from Laurel Hill nuder General Garnett much excitement prevails here among the people. Many fear that unless checked the Federal troops will march down the valley of Greenbrier River, pursuing the Huttonsyille and Marlins Bottom road, and so on to this place, with the view of arresting the supplies of men and munitions destined for General Wise. We are very destitute of the means of defense. We have no arms except the rifles in the hands of our citizens, and very little ammunition. Many of the guns which our people had have been taken by others into the army. A large majority of our young men have volunteered and have gone into the service, leaving us defenseless in a great degree. We have just received the inclosed letter in pencil from Doctor Syme, otie of our old and respectable citizens, which we commend to your consid- eration. We ask, Can nothing be done for our security and relief~ You are no doubt fully advised of the condition of General Garnetts army. He seems to have retreated from Laurel Hill into Pendleton County, and probably has reached Monterey, in Highland County, where we understand a large force has assembled. But the Federal troops may not see proper to attack them. They may prefer passing the Cheat Mountain unmolested along the aforesaid road and come in contact with the line of transportation to General Wise. Our people are much excited, and whether we are in any real danger or not, our people lack a sense of security. It is impossible to defend ourselves without men, guns, and ammunition. With great respect, we are, sir, your obedient servants, SAML. PRICE. MASON MATHEWS. [Inclosure.] Messrs. MATHEWS and PRICE: GENTLEMEN: IF know no two gentlemen who have the same right to speak for and in behalf of the people of Greenbrier as yourselves. Alexander is willing to be the bearer to Richmond of any letters which you will write. He knows my views, as we have conversed freely. Really, I think you ought not to hesitate to communicate with the authorities, State and Federal, and make known our condition and wishes. The interests of the east as well as our own require that the enemy should not be allowed a foothold here. Do write and let him go, but do not suffer his going to arrest such other steps as may be thought necessary. Your friend, W. H. SYME. Should you wish it, use my name as indorsing anything you recoin- mend. S. ~2.] POCAHONTAS COURT-HOUSE, July 18, 1861. General H. B. JACKSON: Permit me to suggest that at least 1,000 men, with the Bath Cavalry, ought to be stationed immediately on the Elk Mountaimi or the iluttons- ville and lluntersville turnpike otherwise you leave this whole countr Page 179 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 179 unprotected and give the enemy an opportunity to fall on yonr rear or on General Wise, or they may choose to rush forward to the railroad at Miliborough and destroy and retreat through Alleghany and Greeibrier. These counties are so drained of men that there is 110 trouble to retreat through them and Nicholas, Braxton, & c., back to Upshur. I am, vcry respectfully, your obedient servant, W. SKEEN, [2.] Attorney for Commonwealth. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE PoToMAC, Manassas Junction, July 19, 1861. After midnight to-night the red flannel scarf badge will hereafter be worn as a cravat or neck scarf b~ all to whom it has been issued. The enemy has resorted to this badge and to-day is wearing it round the left arm. Nevertheless it is enjoined on brigade, regimental, and com- pany commanders to impress on the men the necessity for the greatest circumspection and self-command, so as to avoid firing on friends wear- ing the armed badge by mistake, or from ignorance of this change. Certainty should be sought for by all possible precautions before firing is begun. By command of Brigadier-General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, ]Jfanassas Junction, July 19, 186111 p. m. From and after this date all orders providing badges are revoked, and no badge will be worn until otherwise specially ordered from these headquarters. Instead of which a signal of recognition will be the raising of the right or left hand as high as the hat or cap rimthe palm to the front; or a watchword issued daily when required. Watchword for the 20th July, 1861, Our homes. By command of Brigadier-General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Acting A ssistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, iJifanassas, July 19, [18G1]8 a. m. (Received 2 p. in.) Brigadier-General HOLMES, en route: Hurry up the column. Something handsome may be anticipated. By command of General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Colonel and Assistant Adjutant. General. (DLARKSVILLE, July 20, 1861. President DAVIS: En route for Memphis. Troops will be moved immediately. I. G. HARRIS. [2. Page 180 180 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. NASHVILLE, July 20, 1861. President JEFFERSON DAVIS: Three regiments will to-morrow commence moving to Virginia. By Monday it is expected two others will be designated for your service. F. K. ZOLLICOFFER, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. KNOXVILLE, July 20, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: Governor Harris Ii as ordered me to move my three regiments of infantry to Lynchburg, Va. I will commence the move to-morrow, and will go with the troops. I learn two more regiments will be sent from Nashville in a day or so to same place. S. it. ANI)EIRSON, [2.] Brigadier- General. STAUNTON, July 20, 1861. [Hon. L. P. WALKER, AS~ecretary of War:] DEAR SIR: As Staunton has been made one of the I)laces of rendez- vous for the troops called into service, I regard it of the highest impor- tance that there should be a military officer of intelligence and character in command of the post. Everything is now in the hands of the quar- termaster, M. C-. Harman, who is a civilian unacquainted with military law or usages, and who has rendered himself exceedingly obnoxious to officers and soldiers. To-day there was a state of things which threatened an emeute. I was induced to interpose to prevent it, but there is no knowing what may be the consequence if some change is not made. I should be very much gratified if you could make a visit here or send some confidential agent. You would learn things that would surprise you. The officer in command here should be a calm, dignified man, who would possess the confidence of the public. The expendi- tures at this point are enormous and the public interests would not suffer from being vigilantly looked after. You can scarcely imagine the depth of the feeling occasioned by the call for the militia en masse. Men go to the battle field with very little alacrity when they feel that they leave their wives aiid children exposed to horrors to which their own perils are as nothing. The case ought to be modified, or the people may be driven to desperation. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, ALEX. H. TI. STUART. [2.] SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES, No. 227. Richmond, Va., July 20, 1861. * * * * * * VIII. Brig. Gem W. W. Loring, Provisional Army, 0. 5., is assigned to the command of the Army of the Northwest, and will proceed as soon as possible to Monterey. The following officers of the Provisional Army will report to Brigadier-General Loring for duty: Col. (15. L. Stevenson Page 181 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 181 adjutant-general; Maj. A, L. Long, chief of artillery; Capt. Jas. iDeshler, artillery; First Lient. Joseph Whiting, on engineer service. By order of General Lee: GEG. DEAS, [2.1 Assistant Adjutant- General. BRIGADE HEADQUARTERS, Camp at ilifonterey, July 20, 18G1. Col. GEORGE iDEAS, Assistant Adjutant- General, C. ~S. Army, Richmond, ]Ta.: SIR: Yesterday I received the letter of General Lee of the 16th of July, unaccountably delayed npon the road, in which he refers to the importance of defending the mountain passes to prevent the advance of the enemy to the Central Railroad at Millborough. I have been exceedingly anxious that the general should be apprised by personal inspection of the indescribable condition into- which this branch of the army has fallen, and therefore have learned with great pain, through Major ilarman, that his contemplated movement toward this quarter has been delayed. I can confidently say that of all the troops nuder my command the regiments from Georgia and North Carolina are alone reliable and fit for service, all the rest having been demoralized to a gieater or less extent by our late disasters. The condition of Colonel Ramseys command, the larger portion of which has arrived in camp, is in truth pitiable. Officers and men are absolutely stripped of everythingtents, clothing, cooking utensils, shoesand I am sorry to believe that many have thrown away their arms. Men amid horses jaded., dispirited, halt, and limnping, are wholly unfit for duty, and what disposition to make of them is a most serious question. No re-enforce- meuts have come up from below. The Arkansas regiment, so long and anxiously looked for, did not leave Staunton until yesterday. It cer- tainly must be obvious at a glance that with the available troops at hand little or nothing can be done, and yet, unless the points referred to by the general be taken at once, they must pass into the enemys hands. Is the whole country thus to be surrendered? A glance at the map will show that to prevent the advance of the enemy at least two routes toward the east must be at once heldthe one upon which we now are and the turnpike from Huttonsville through Huutersville to Millborough. My letter of yesterday will have informed you that I have sent forward a small but comparatively well-organized force to occupy the Alleghany pass on the former, with the faint hope tlmat they might ascertain by reconnoitering that the Cheat pass had as yet been neglected by the enemy, and by a forced march at night might throw themselves into it. This movement, contemplated by mue from the first, had been delayed by the sickness of Colonel Johnson, who, it is need- less to say, has been my main reliance. I am sorry to say that he is still unwell and unable to sustain the advance by his presence. The inhabitants of Pocahontas, through which the other route passes, are said to be loyal. Those of them who are not already iii General Wises brigade are flying, or are disposed to fly, to arms. But they appeal for assistance and ask not to be abandoned. Under these circum- stances, weak as I am, the receipt of the generals letter decided me at once -to send the Sixth North Carolina Regiment into Pocahontas and to the Elk Mountain pass, said to be defensible, accompanied by the Bath County Cavalry. I have taken the liberty of countermandin Page 182 182 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII the proclamation of Major Harman calling upon the militia of Poca- hontas and adjacent counties to rendezvous at Staunton. Have directed that they rendezvous at Iluntersville; have sent them powder for their rifles; have ordered them to go at once against the enemy, to blockade the road from iluttonsyille to Elk Mountain by felling trees before him, and to beset his flanks from the adjacent woods and fastnesses. I have also written to Major Harman to send one of the regiments at Staunton by the railroad and Miliborough in the same direction, and shall make arrangements at lluntersville for their supplies. I think the general will perceive that in comparison with my resources I have undertaken a vast deal, and yet what else was to be done? I must either advance or retreat from this point. To advance may be dangerous; to retreat would be rninous, since the whole country, thus apparently abandoned, would probably turn from us to receive the enemy with open arms. I must be excused, therefore, for praying most earnestly that attention be turned in this direction; that re-enforcements of all kinds be for. warded at once; that some one more competent than I be placed in charge of these complicated operations; or that, if this cannot be, the necessary staff officers be sent to my assistance, since, without any exaggeration, apart from the anxieties of my position, flesh and blood cannot long stand the mere detail labor imposed upon me. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, HENRY H. JACKSON, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. BRIGADE HEADQUARTERS, Camp at Monterey, July 20, 18G1. Col. GEORGE DEAS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Biehmond,17a.: SIu: Since I finished my dispatch of this morning I have received information as to the positions of the enemy sufficiently reliable, in my judgment, to be communicated to headquarters for consideration. And first iu reference to the number of troops at different points under the command of General McClellan. An analysis of these various reports would give him in Northwest Virginia at least 30,000, arid perhaps 40,000, men. Looking to the danger besetting the right flank of our present position, I would refer to the copy of a letter here. with inclosed, adding thatcthere can be no doubt of the fact that the vanguard or a scouting party of the enemy entered Petersburg soon after Colonel Ramsey left it. Four days ago a messenger froni a reliable person brought intelligence to Colonel Ramsey that 3,000 of the enemy had descended from New Creek, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to come up into the neighborhood of Greenland and to take the road to Petersburg. Greenland is about sixteen miles from Petersburg, on the Northwestern turnpike. Petersburg is thirty miles from Franklin and Franklin is twenty-four miles from this point. Colonel Jackson, of the Virginia volunteers, is under the impression that the enemy will attack us from that direction; Colonel Ramsey thinks otherwise, hay- ing destroyed, as he says, the bridges behind him, and thinking that the object of the enemy was simply to annoy his rear and to pick up stragglers. It seems to me that prudence reqnires an eye to be kept open toward that point. Passing on to the column under the immediate command of General ~lcCIellan, its number is estimated variously as from 7,000 to 13,000 men. There can now be but little doubt that on the 18th instant 1,000 of these were engaged in fortifying the top of Chea Page 183 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 183 Mountain. General McClellaii is reported to have been himself sta- tioned at the western foot of that ridge. His scouts have been roam- ing the country on this side of it, and yesterday a J)arty of nine of them were taken in ambush by a party of our scouts, who killed seven of them and wounded the eighth. General McClellan has been assidu- ously inviting all the people who have fled from that region to return to their homes, assuring them protection to person and property. His treatment of prisoners is humane in a high degree, and I am apprehen- sive that the contrast between the course of his troops and that of our poor, destitute, half-starved soldiers toward the inhabitants of the country will work serious mischief to our cause. The telegraphic wire has been brought to Beverly, and his movements are evidently con- ducted with promptness and method. Passing around to the country on our left flank, all of the reports from that direction, together with the fortifying of Cheat Mountain, wonld seem to indicate the intention of the enemy to move his main column along the lluttonsville turn- pike, which for several days past he has been energetically reconnoiter- ing, either toward lluntersville and Millborough, to take possession of the railroad or, toward Lewisburg, to operate against General Wise. This conclusion shows how important it is that special attention should be turned to that line, and yet how disproportionate our means to the end to be accomplished. The North Carolina regiment, cheerful and hopeful, with instructions to Colonel Lee to move cautiously, is now upon its road to Elk Mountain. I have begged its officers to keep the probability of retreat ever in contemplation, so that retreat may not of necessity become a rout. Certainly nature has constructed no country better fitted for the retreat of a small before a superior force, and this, I am sorry to say, is at last my greatest hope. It is now clear that unless we be soon and largely re-enforced Northwestern Virginia must be abandoned. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. IR. JACKSON, [2.] Brigadier General, Commanding. HEAIQUARTER5 TWELFTH GEORGIA REGIMENT, Camp at Cheat Mountain, July 20, 1861. General H. R. JACKSON, Monterey, Va.: SIR: We arrived at this point at 11 oclock yesterday. I find great difficulty in procuring the necessary quantity of water for this regiment only, being distant half a mile from camp. There are approaches for the enemy [from] three or four directions both in front anti rear of our posi- tion. How soon a powerful and sagacious enemy may avail themselves of these advantages is more than I am able to conjecture. Major Will iams and myself have just returned from an observation of the position, and from the insurmountable difficulty of water and the facility of out- flanking me on both sides, concur in opinion that this point is utterly imidefensible. For particulars I refer you to the major himself. Your orders to me were to occupy this position, which I shall do at every peril until ordered otherwise by yourself. Inclosed you will please thid morning report. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Z. T. CONNER, [2.] Lieutenant- Colonel Twelfth Georgia Regiment, Gomdg Page 184 184 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. BRIGADE HEADQUARTERS, Camp at Monterey, July 20, iSGi. Lient. Col. Z. T. CONNER, Commanding Twelfth Georgia Regiment: SIR: The general desires me to say, in response to your favor of this date, that he does not expect you to hold a position determined to be wholly indefensible. You will therefore take some point convenient to water from which you can readily retreat, and, in case you be apprised by Major Jones, who should always be kept in your advance and near to the enemy, of any formidable advance, you will at once put your wagons upon the move and contend with the enemy from point to point on the road where your men can annoy him with least exposure to themselves, making such use of Lieutenant Masseys artillery as the nature of the ground may permit. The general supposes that with the cavalry corps in your front and the militia rifles scouting about your flanks, and due vigilance in the discharge of ordinary guard duty, your command will not be in danger of surprise. And the character of the roads from your position to Monterey is such as to render it impossible for the enemy to bring any large force to bear against you. He, how- ever, desires that you shall keep up a frank and constant communica- tion with him, and to realize that while he hopes that you may effect something in resisting the advance of the enemy, he does not desire your command to be too much exposed. By order of Brig. Gen. II. R., commanding. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GARNETT ANDRE WS, [2.1 & cond Lieutenant and Aide-de. Camp, Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen. STAUNTON, VA., July 20, 1861. Licut. Col. GEORGE DEAS, A8sistant Adjutant-General: COLONEL: I have the honor to report that in obedience to orders received from the commanding general on yesterday I at once assumed command of the troops here. The Arkansas regiment, Colonel Rust, left for Monterey soon after my arrival. This morning I dispatched my own regiment, the Twenty-first, and Colonel Burks, the Forty-second, for the same point, and this afternoon the battalion of provisional troops, mounted. Captain Marycs guiis and harness are here. As soon after the arrival of the men and horses as possible the battery will join General Jackson. I shall join my command at Bufftilo Gap to-night. Our forces are all, or nearly all, at Monterey, I learn, and I am informed that there is some disorganization among them. I wish respectfully to call the attention of the commanding general to the facts that the quartermasters and commissary supplies are inadequate to the demand, and that there is a great deficiency in ammunition. I consider it absolutely necessary that the requisitions for ammunition for the troops in this region should be filled at once. I am, sir, very resp.ecttully, your obedient servant, WILLJAM GILIIAM, [2.] ______ Colonel of Volunteers. HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY STATION, July 20, 1861. General H. R. JACKSON, Commanding Forces at Monterey: SIR: I find great difficulty in operating with my militia company. They complain already of being broken down, lame, & c., and they ar Page 185 C~r. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 185 unwilling to go forward since they have heard of the close proximity of the enemy. I shall use my effort to get them out and to procure what information I cau from them, though the hope is bad arid slight. The cavalry are advanced upon every road and path in eight miles, with orders to report constantly to me aiiy suspicions circumstances they may see. They obey promptly and willingly. Captain Cole can give you the particulars of our situation, & c. I had intended to go to Greenbrier River and make my headquarters there, bat under the cir- cumstances do not deem it prudent to do so. Excuse the necessity of writing to you in peiicil. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. C. JONES, [2.] Major, & c. HEADQUARTERS, Wiltiamsbury, July 20, 1861. Col. GEORGE DEAS, Assistant A djutctut- General, C. AS. Army: I have received a letter from Captain Ingraliam stating that no guns could be spared from Spratleys farm, as it had been decided upon to erect works of defense at Mulberry Island. I was made aware of the contemplated work at that point by General Lee, but directed at the same time not to relax my efforts to prepare for defense on the lines here and in this vicinity. I beg leave to remark that whilst I am extremely glad to hear that works are to lie erected on Mulberry Islaiid and opposite, as they will be obstacles to the enemy in any attempt to ascend the river, yet that any work erected on this side of the river could be carried by the enemy, either by storm or by siege on the land side, and then that their ships could pass up. Mulberry Island (so-called) is not an island, but a peninsula, and therefore any work on it, however strong, can be taken. Again,it is not certain that the enemy will permit a work to be erected there and then made very strong without an attempt to interrupt its progress, and if they should interrupt it, and Spratleys and the river coast to a short distance below Kings Mill be not protected by guns in position, neither York- town nor Jamestown would prevent a march almost uninterrupted on Richmond. Of course the enemy would mask Yorktown; with sufficient troops they might almost disregard Jamestown, and there is no ground above Williamsburg offering facilities for defense. On the other hand, admirable positions for defense exist below Williamsburg, but the right flank of these positions on James River must be protected. A landing at or near Spratleys farm would turn all the works we have erected or could erect. The reasons against it apply with equal force to James- town Island, for it might with equal force be said that there is no necessity to have any guns at Jamestown Islaiid, because works are to be erected at Mulberry Point and opposite. The work at Mulberry lsland is very important and ought at once to be built, as well as the one opposite, but that one on the island (Mulberry) can always be taken, as I said before. The spot where the work is to be erectedand that is the proper spotis cut off from the mainland by an impassable marsh, but this marsh is very near where the work is to be, and the ground on the land side of the marsh commands the work. From this side at a distance of half a mile the enemy could erect batteries of heavy guns and perhaps make our work untenable; at all events much time would be required to make it secure against a land attack, and as my works here are ready to receive the guns; as they (the guns) ar Page 186 186 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. absolutely necessary to secure the flanks of our position; as General lee has authorized me to get them wherever I can, not taking them from any positions at Jamestown bearing upon the channel, and as General Huger has sent me word that he can furnish me with four 32- pounders, old pattern, and their carriages; and as I am satisfied this would meet with the approbation of General Lee, who is perfectly acquainted with my plans here, I beg that the proper authorities will assist me in barring this gate, which now stands wide open, on the road to Richmond. I will permit General fluger to send me the guns, which he says he does not require at present, aud will forward the necessary ammunition for the same without delay. I send Mr. Poor, of the engineers, with this. He bears a letter to General linger, and I hope he will be expedited in his arrangements to procure the guns. I beg leave to remark further that the guns at Spratleys would assist very greatly in preventing a landing at the east end of Jamestown Island. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, Brigadier. General, Commanding. [2.] MANAssAs, July 21, 18617.30 p. m. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General, Richmond: As far as I can learn we have won the battle, but with heavy loss. Colonel Bartow killed; also Lieutenant-Colonel Johnson, of hamptons Legion. General Bee is mortally wounded, and it is feared General E. Kirby Smith also. I will telegraph as get intelligence. THOS. G. RHETT. [2.] RICHMOND, July 21, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: Send the three Tennessee regiments as they arrive at Lynchburg immediately to Staunton. there to report to Maj. M. G. Harman. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General. MANASSAS JUNCTION, VA., July 21, 1861. [Gen. R. S. EWELL?:] GENERAL: You will hold yourself in readiness to take the offensive on Centerville at a moments notice, to make a diversion against the enemys intended attack on Mitchells Ford and probably Stone Bridge. You will protect well your right flank against any attack from the east. ward. General Holmes brigade will support your movement. If the enemy is prepared to atttack in front of your left, leave it in position with orders to take the offensive when it hears your engagement on the other side of the run. I intend to take the offensive throughout my front as soon as possible. Respectfully, (1. T. BEAUREGARD, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [2. Page 187 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 187 MANASSAS, YA., July 21, 1861. (Received at Culpeper 21st.) President JEFFERSON DAVIS: A general engagement going on; our men cool and confident; Gen- eral Johnstons troops coming on iii good time. THOS. JORDAN, [2.1 Assistant Adjutant- General. STAUNTON, July 21, 1861. General IR. E. LEE: The distance by Miliborough to lluntersviile to iluttonsyille is thirty-one miles longer than by turnpike to go from Monterey to Hut- tonsyille. By Hnntersville is thirty four miles out of the way, over a bad road. The defense of Cheat Mountain will not close the passage of the enemy to lluttonsville. The maps are unreliable. You can only depend on report of engineers after examination. [2.] M. G. HARMLVN. HEADQUARTERS NORTHWESTERN ARMY, VIRGINIA, Monterey, July 21, 1861. Col. GEORGE DEAS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Richmond, Va.: SIR: The commanding general must excuse me for suggesting and urging the importance of sending troops up to the Millborough Station to advance upon the lluntersville and Hattonsville turnpike. The best information which I receive indicates that the enemy will move in that direction, if it be his intention to descend upon the railroad. I have already written you that I had sent the North Carolina regiment in that direction. I was fully apprised of the difficulties and possible dangers which might beset it upon the march, but I felt profoundly that not to do so would be practically to surrender the country. The people needed encouragement of some sort, and while no demonstration of power whatsoever was being made upon our side, General McClellan was shrewdly and actively at work in holding out inducements to them to meet his advance; if not with willingness, at least with resignation. I must confess, however, that I am watching Colonel Lees progress with no little anxiety, and sheuld be much relieved to know that a column of any dimension whatever was in motion from the east upon which in case of necessity he might hill back. I am greatly apprehen- sive that before he can possibly reach the Elk Mountain the enemy will be upon it, and all mountain advantages for holding that country lost to us forever. My only hope now is that the people of that region may have taken up arms in their own defense, but this hope grows fainter day by day. That the general may be fully apprised of the discourage- ments as well as the embarrassments by which I am surrounded, I would beg to refer specially to copies of letters marked Kos. 1 and 2; from the first of these he will learn that the rifle corps, organized from all of the militia who reported at this point for duty, have failed to come up to my just expectations. I am afraid that the rule cx uno disce omnes may be applicable to them all. From the other he will perceive the difficulty of holding the l)oint we have taken upon the Alleghany Ridge, resulting first from its indefensibility, in a scientific point of view, and secondly, from the discouragement which has evidently betaken our forces very generally; and yet after a thorough examination of the whol Page 188 188 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. of the adjacent country, I am satisfied that the point now occupied by our troops is the strongest and most available to be found, and the Georgia regiment there stationed was not a participant in the recent and remarkable panic. To inc it is altogether obvious that the only way to hold this country at all is by adopting the guerrilla system, and that by this system, with ordinarily active and cheerful troops, it can be done. With a view of preventing the demoralization of the new regiments, which are now upon the road, by contact with the disorgan- ized wrecks of Colonel Ramsey~s recent command, I have thrown the larger portion of the latter to McD~wel1, a point twelve miles in our rear, to recruit and refit themselves. I will endeavor to make out and send you to-morrow a statement of the entire strength of the forces which remain under my command. I would beg to reiterate in conclusion that the presence of the commanding general would add new life, energy, and hope to all. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, HENRY R. JACKSON, [2.] Brigadier. General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY STATION, July 21, 1861. General H. H. JACKSON, Commanding Foree8 at Monterey: SIR: I have the honor to report to you that everything is quiet this morning in the direction of the enemy. My scouts are advanced upon every road and have observed no suspicions movement whatever. Yesterday I sent forward forty riflemen to take to the bush and to pene- trate as far as possible to the top of Cheat Mountain. They have rations for two days, and are ordered to report everything to me. You shall be duly and promptly advised of any movement here. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. C. JONES, [2.] Major, Commanding Cavalry. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 136. Manassas Junction, July 21, 1861. Lient. Col. Richard Snowden is placed on special duty with this army, and is authorized to join any brigade engaged and opposed to artillery, in which event he will be furnished with a detachment of picked riflemen to shoot fuse-balls into caissons and ammunition wagons. By command of Brigadier-General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Acting A ssistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS FIFTH BRIGADE, ARMY OF THE SHENANDOAH, No. 1. ) Piedmont, Va., July 21, 1861. I. The undersigned assumes command of this brigade, and of all troops now at this place. * * * * * IV. The troops will move in the following order for Manassas June- tion, viz: Brigade: Ninth Georgia, Colonel Goulding; Elevent Page 189 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 189 Georgia, Colonel Anderson; Kentucky Battalion, Maj. Thomas Clai- borne. Fifth Brigade: Tenth Alabama, Lieutenant-Colonel Martin; Thirty-eighth Virginia, Colonel Edinonds; Eleventh Alabama, Colonel Moore; Ninth Alabama, Colonel Wilcox; Nineteenth Mississippi, Col- onel Mott. The above commanders will send to this office a report stating the total number of men, officers, and servants of their com- mands who will require transportation. JOHN H. FORNEY, [2.] Colonel Tenth Alabama Regimemt, Comdg. F~Jth Brigade. ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS FLOYDS BRIGADE, No.2. 5 (lamp Jackson, July 21, 1861. The Fiftieth Virginia Regiment (Floyds brigade), under command of Col. A. W. iReynolds, will be held in readiness to move to-morrow at 2.30 oclock by railroad to Salem, where it will take post until further orders. Second. Maj. C. E. Thorbnrn, Fiftieth Virginia Regiment, will take charge of the three companies of cavalry now here and prepare them to march in the direction of the Sweet Springs. The quartermaster will assigu to time cavalry companies six wagons, and make all neces- sary arrangements for the troops on the march. All baggage and stores belonging to the Fiftieth Regiment will be transported by railroad to Salem. The commissary will supply the regiment with rations for two days. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd, commanding brigade: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [2.] Adjutant. General. RiCHMOND, July 22, 1861. Maj. II. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: Col. T. W. Thomas Georgia regiment passed Wytheville this morn- ing for Lynch burg. Send it to Manassas. Keep the sixty men of A. Rusts Arkansas regiment until they are armed, amid send them to Staunton to join the regiment. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General. d RICHMOND, July 22, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: Muster the Georgia regiment if there are other armed troops to occupy the trains. If not, let the regiment go forward to be mustered at Manassas. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General, & c. RICHMOND, July 22, 1861. Col. B. D. FRY, Montgomery, Ala.: Proceed to this place at once with your regiment, where it will be armed. Move without delay. L. P. WALKER. [2. Page 190 190 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. Lxiii, RICHMOND, July 22, 1861. Col. WALTON ECTOR, Gritlin, Ga.: The Secretary of War directs that you proceed with your regiment to this place and report. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General, d~e. RICHMOND, July 22, 1861. Governor JsiiAM G. HARRIs, Memphis, Teun.: We gained a glorious victory yesterday at Manassas. We need more troops. Th addition to the three regiments you have already sent under General Anderson, please send two more fininediately and 1,000,000 cartridges. L. P. WALKER. [2.] WYTHEVILLE, July 22, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: The enemy has crossed the Ohio and are advancing up the valley of Guyandotte, stated upon what seems to be reliable authority. Much uneasiness is felt even in Tazewell County. The people are ready to turn out en masse, but are without powder. Send me here by express if possible one dozen kegs of powder to be sent to Logan and Wyoming. The last of my men can leave this week for Jacksons River. JOHN B. FLOYD, l3rigadier- General. [in4orsement.] General LEE: I have directed Major Gorgas to forward twenty-five kegs of powder in the morning. I send you this that you may be advised of the rumor. L. P. W[ALKER]. [2.] RICHMOND, July 22, 1861. CoMMANDING OFFiCER AT MANASSAS, VA.: Telegraph in few words what is the actual state of things this morn- ing, in order that a communication may be made to Congress when it meets at 12 oclock to-day, especially as to the certainty of the victory. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General, die. MANASSAS, July 22, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General: Victory complete. Advanced forces report that enemy fled in con- fusion through Centerville last night. JEFF. DAVIS. [2. Page 191 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 191 SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 146. 5 Manassas, July 22, 1861. The commaiid of General Beauregard as it stood organized on the 20th instant into brigades or separate commands will for the present return to that organization with the following headquarters: First Brigade, Brig. Gen. M. L. Bonham, at Ceiiterville; Second Brigade, Brigadier-General Ewell, at or about Union Mills in advance; Third Brigade, Brig. Gen. D. IR. Jones, at a position on Union Mills and Ceii- terville road about half way between Braddocks road and Union Mills Ford; Fourth Brigade, Brigadier-General Longstreet, at or about the crossing of the Union Mills and Centerville road and the Braddock road; Fifth Brigade, Colonel Cocke, at or about Suspension Bridge over Cub Run; Sixth Brigade, Colonel Early, in position on Bull Run one mile above Stone Bridge; Evans command at or about Stone Bridge, except Huntons RegIment Virginia Volunteers, which will remain at these headquarters for the present. Colonel Radford will concentrate such of his companies as are not specially detached at a point on Bull Ran to the left of Mitchells Ford. The commanders of all regiments will take immediate measures for collecting stragglers from other regiments, who will be then sent forthwith under an officer and proper guides to join the headquarters of the several brigades to which they may belong. By command of General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.1 Assistant Adjutant- Gel2era 1. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 147. 5 iJlianassas, July 22, 1861. I. The President deeming it important that General Holmes shall return with his command to his former position at an early moment, he will accordingly prepare to march in the morning. II. The President regrets to be obliged, at this juncture, to request this movement of General Holmes after his remarkable march to the support of this army at a critical juncturea march which the genera 1 commanding has to express his sincere thanks, as also for the critical service rendered on the field of battle yesterday by that portion of the brigade which was called to the immediate scene of action. By command of General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Williamsburg, July 22, 1861. Col. L. MCLAwS, Tenth Georgia Regiment, Commanding, & c.: SIR: General Magruder directs that you have your troops when not engaged in active works in readiness to march at a momeni~s warning either to Groves Wharf or Kings Mill, and arrange them to the works and lines they are to defend should it be necessary. Include in the arrangement the troops at Kings Mill, viz, the Fifteenth Virginia Regiment and the Second Louisiana Volunteers, as well as the artillery and the Wythe Rifles. It is well that the troops should be accustome Page 192 192 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. YA. [CHAP. LXIII. to form rapidly in the position they are to occupy in line. Report to me in writing the arrangement you propose, and p~.ease call with it at these headquarters wheii at leisure. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. B. COSBY, [2.] ]lfajor and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS, Williamsburg, July 22, 1861. Col. ROBERT JOHNSTON, Commanding Cavalry, Cockleto win: SIR: To avoid any surprise at Bethel to the picket stationed there, if there is one there, another might be kept at the milidam or crossing below. Pickets should be kept out in such a manner as to prevent infantry movilig through the woods to Cockletown. Captain Philips and others can indicate the points to Colonel Johnston, who will be very vigilant. It is thought by the commanding general that thirty infantry is too small a party to send out in ambush, but it is desired that the enemy be pressed back and kept from marauding as much as possible. By command of General Magruder: G. B. COSBY, [2.] Major and Acting Assistant A~jutant- General. STAITNTON, [July] 22, 1861. General R. E. LEE: I am here by order of General Jackson with the remnant of six coin- panics of the Twentieth RegimentA, B, C, ID, E, and Fwith orders to report at general headquarters. I have with me Companies G and II, which are oii parole. Shall I bring all the companies to Richmondl Answer by telegraph. NAT. TYLER, [2.] Major, Commanding. RALEEIIT, July 22, iSGi. The PRESIDENT: Sin: The Governor directs me to inclose to you a communication from General Gatlin relative to the necessity of erecting two additional batteries for the defense of Wilmington, according to Whitings plan. Capt. C. Lee arrived to-day, and as he will report to you about the forts the Governor avails himself of the opportunity of suggesting that we have engineer officers competent to finish the fortifications at Hatteras and Ocracoke and on the Cape Fear. As the troops there will have to be paid and the expense of finishing the fortifications to be met, he would undertake the matter upon your sending him $50,000 in Confed- erate bonds, keeping an account of the disbursements and advancing the money on them. This suggestion is made predicated upon the fear expressed by you to me that you would find it difficult to furnish offi- cers, and that as the General Government had assumed the jurisdiction of the forts and would undergo the expense of garrisoning them it would possibly relieve you for us to advance the funds on the bonds Page 193 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE ETC.CONFEDERATE. 193 The enemys ships of war are daily off Hatteras and iu(leed blockade our whole coast. The Euglish man-of-war lies off Beaufort, to give safe exit to two British merchautmen loading there. Very respectfully, WARREN WINSLOW. [Inclosure.] HDQR5. SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT, COAST DEFENSES, Wilmington, N. 0., July 17, 1861. Hon. WARREN WINSLOW, Secretary of Military Affairs, Raleigh, N. C.: SIR: I shall be glad to receive the eleven 32-pounders, but the order to discontinue expenditures on account of the State will prevent their immediate use, as the batteries for which they were required have not been erected. Three of the batteries erected by General Whiting were not commenced when the engine.er and his laborers were discharged. Besides these, two other batteries should be erected on the coast above Confederate Point Light, and this without delay. In order that you may understand the importance of these contemplated batteries I will explain. New Inlet is protected, one at Zeeks Island and the other at Confederate Point, on the opposite side of the channel. To prevent this latter from being turned by an enemy landing on the main I have established a camp for the Eighth IRegimnent of Volunteers near the head of the sound, about five miles from the light, and which is called Camp Wyatt. These troops are further intended to march against the enemy, should he land upon the banks; but as in that case to reach the mainland he would have to cross the sound it is not likely to be attempted. The coast for fifteen miles above Confederate Point offers great facilities for landing. In ordinary weather, and when the wind is westerly, the sea is smooth and there is little or no surf; while there are three fathoms of water within half a mile of the shore. By erect- ing a battery near Camp Wyatt and another some two miles and a half nearer Confederate Point the vessels of the enemy would be compelled to keep at least two miles from shore, and his landing would be rendered difficult, if not impossible. As it now stands lie could run near enough to Camp Wyatt to fire a broadside into it. I hope you will agree with me that these two batteries ought to be erected at once. Should it be determined to do so, 1 must request that Captain Winder, who is now on recruiting service under the orders of Colonel Bradford, be directed to return here and resume the duties of chief engineer. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RALEIGH, July 22, 1861. His Excellency HENRY T. CLARK, Governor of State of North Carolina: GOVERNOR: I very respectfully beg leave to furnish you with a brief statement of what I communicated to you verbally on the 20th instant in regard to the troops, & c., on the Northern Department of the Coast Defenses: First. The Seventh Regiment of twelve-months volunteers has been assigned to this portion of the coast. Five companies are at Ocracoke Inlet, three at Hatteras Inlet, and three at Oregon Inlet. Second. In anticipation of their being mustered into service, which 13 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 194 194 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT ~4. W.,& W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. duty Captain Gilliam is engaged in, and which will be performed in a few days, J have ordered an election of field officers to be held at Hat- teras inlet on the 27th instant. Third. Meantime, Major Andrews, who has been ordered to the command at Hatteras Inlet, is directed to make recruits from the Seventh Regiment for the regular service. Should lie succeed this regiment will be broken np. Fourth. It may, however, be filled by assigning as many companies of twelve-months volunteers as determine to join the regular forces. But if those com- panies are not now formed or cannot be made up and the regiment organized before the 20th of August, th~ remaining companies of twelve-months volunteers will, as I understand, be disbanded, which would leave the batteries, now inadequately defended, at the mercy of the enemy. Fifth. There are now three companies of twelve-months volunteers and two companies of artillery at Fort Macon. Sixth. Where the companies have not been assigned to any regiment, unless under regimental organization, they would, I suppose, be disbanded on the 20th of August. Seventh. Whether the artillery companies would be retained in service after the 20th of August I am unable to say. I suppose, however, they would also be disbanded on the 20th of August unless there should be a regiment of artillery formed prior to that time. Eighth. Your Excellency will thus perceive that under existing laws and the terms of the transfer of the State troops to the Confed- erate Army the coast will be almost stripped of troops on the 20th of August. Ninth. I would again respectfully call Your Excellency~s attention to the deficiency of ammunition at Ocracoke, Hatteras, and Oregon Inlets, for which, as well as for stores of every description, I made full requisitions at an early day after I entered the service of the State, and on several occasions since have repeated those requisitions. Tenth. At Oregon inlet [there are] but 2,000 pounds of cannon pow- der, which is 2,000 of the 4,000 pounds I obtained on personal applica- tion from the Norfolk Navy-Yard; and, of ammunition for small-arms, there are only 12,010 ball cartridges, which were made by the ladies at New Berne, and 8,000 caps, which I purchased on my own account from a gentleman in New Berne. Eleventh. Among the items in my requisitions above referred to was one for , & c., for barbette car- riages. The frames for twenty have been ready for the irons during the last six weeks. These irons were, as I am informed, orderedby Mr. Whitford, at Richmond, but up to the 20th instant they had not come to hand. I allude to these irons from their great importance in the coast defenses. The guns with barbette carriages are worked with ten men less than are required for the navy carriages. Their increased weight gives a corresponding elevation to the parapets, thus affording the men more protection, and the guns can be loaded and fired from them three times as fast as from the navy carriages. I have the honor to be, Your Excellencys obedient servant, WALTER GWYNN, Brigadier- General, Comdg. Northern Dept. of the Coast Defenses. [2.1 RICIIMoND, July 22, 1861. Governor F. W. PrnKENS, Columbia, S. C.: We gained a great victory yesterday at Manassas, but I cannot answer your question as to whether the South Carolina regiments were actively engaged in the fight or not. [2.] L. P. WALKER Page 195 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 195 RICHMOND, July 23, 1861. Maj. II. L. CLAY, Lynchburg: Send the Eleventh Fourteenth] and Twelfth [Fifteenth] (A. V. Erumby and T. W. Thomas) Georgia Regiments to Miliborough via Staunton. Orders will await them at Mihiboronghi. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General, & c. MaJ. H. L. CLAY, Jynchbury: RICHMOND, July 23, 1861. Send T. W. Thomas Georgia regiruent to Manassas instead of to Miliborough, as directed this morning. S. COOPER, [2.1 Adjutant- General, d~c. RICHMOND, July 23, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg: Col. R. Hattons Tennessee regiment, armed with rifles and fully sup- plie(1 with ammunition, Passed Wythevifle last night for Lynchburg. Push it forward to Staunton, as directed on the 21st instant. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Rwhmond, July 23, 1861. His Excellency HENRY T. CLARK, Gorernor of North Carolina: SIR: A letter received from I3rigadier-General Huger, commanding at Norfolk, states that some weeks since he wrote to the Executive of North Carolina requesting that two regiments of the State might be kept at Garysburg and sent to him when wanted. He now desires these regiments be sent to Suffolk, where accommodations have been provided for a large force, and I have the honor to request that the necessary orders to that end may be given by Your Excellency. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, L. P. WALKER, [2.] Secretary of War. MEMPHIS, July 23, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: Five regiments already ordered to Lynchburg and three remaining at Harrisville [sic]. Have ordered 1,000,000 cartridges to Richmond. Glorious result at Manassas. ISHAM G. HARRIS. [2.] RICHMOND, July 23, 1861. Governor I. G. HARRIS, Nashrille, Tenn.: In addition to the three regiments you have sent into Virginia under General S. R. Anderson, I must beg you to send three additional regi- ments at once. The crisis demands it. j24 L. P. WALKER Page 196 196 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. 1ST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 162. ]Jfanassas Janetion, July 24, 1861. I. On account of the recent great iiicrease of this army corps and the difficulty experienced in procuring transportation, the general corn- inanding is obliged to direct that the transportation shall be limited to one four-horse wagon and train, or its equivalent, to every 100 men, and one for each brigade staff and each hospital. 11. After retaining the means of transportation thus prescribed, all remaining in possession of brigade or regimental quartermasters will be sent in and transferred to the chief quartermaster for the general service of his department. III. These reductions are essential for the success of military oper- ations pregnant with momentous results, and the general commanding feels assured the officers and men who won the day at Manassas will cheerfully submit to any temporary deprivations to which they may be subjected on that account. When the advance is made, nothing will be carried at the time but knapsack, cooking utensils, and three days rations. By command of General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Acting Assistant Adjutant. General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. 1ST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 163. ]Jfanassas Junction, July 24, 1861. I. Capt. H. E. Peyton, of Virginia, is appointed volunteer aide-de- camp to the general commanding in acknowledgment of valuable serv- ices on the field of battle at Manassas. II. Col. L. M. Hatch, qnarter[master]-general of South Carolina, having volunteered his services, will be on the staff as volunteer aide. de-camp, and for the present will be specially intrusted, under Major Cabell, chief quartermaster, with the duty of receiviiig, quartering, or locating and dispatching elsewhere all prisoners of war and~ wounded of the enemy, and all troops arriving at Camp Pickens, excel)t militia, who will report to Colonel Terrett. Colonel Hatch will be particularly charged with regulating the hours of arrival amid departure of the special trains, and with such other duties as may properly api)ertain to the special branch of the department assigned to him. III. Col. Joseph Walker, commissary-general of South Carolina, hay. ing tendered his services as volunteer aide-de-camp, will be assigned to service at the depot at Camp Pickens, under the direction of Colonel Lee, chief commissary, with the special duty of seeing that all troops arriving at Camp Pickens are promptly and properly supplied with subsistence and water. IV. Colonels Hatch and Walker will be supplied with a horse and tent each by the chief quartermaster, and such orderlies amid inessen- gers as their duties may require, and will establish themselves as micar to the offices of the chiefs of their respective staff departments as may be practicable. V. All the militia who will take service as teamsters, mechanics, or laborers in the quartermasters department for three months will be paid the usual wages and be at once discharged from militia service. By command of General Beauregard: [THOMAS JORDAN, Acting Assistant Adjutant- Geacral.] [2. Page 197 CHAP. LXIIL] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 197 Hon. L. P. WALKER, LYNCIIBURG, July 24, 1861. Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.: SIR: I have the honor to report to you that in obedience to orders from Governor Harris I arrived in this city to-day. One of my regi- ments (Colonel Hattons) has gone forward to Staunton. Colonel Maney will go np to-morrow or as soon as transportation can be furnished~ Colonel Forbes regiment, Captain Harts rifle company, and Captain Alexanders cavalry company are still behind. We expect them for- warded here in a day ot so. This, with Captain Rutledges artillery company of six guns, 6-pounders, now at Knoxville, will constitute my command. Captain Rutledge will come forward as soon as he is fully equipped. I am without orders from headquarters as to what I am to do or under whose command I am to be placed. ii have received no commission to all of which I desire to call your attention. Connected with my command I ordered, and they are now at Bristol, Tenn., a bag- gage and ammunition train of some seventy-five or eighty wagons and teams of two mules each, with wagons and wagon-master. What am I to do with them l Shall I cause them to be brought forward, or let them remain at Bristol for further orders l I take pleasure in saying to you that my command is well drilled, armed, and equipped, and coin- posed of the best material of the State. I do not hesitate to say that they will render good service whenever opportunity offers. We have some 300,000 rounds of ammunition with us, and will soon receive some 400,000 more. What shall I do with itl It should be in striking dis- tance of the command. This will be handed to you by Colonel Maney, who will explain to you other matters conmiected with the command. I am, yours, respectfully, S. R. ANDERSON, [2.1 Brigadier-General of the Provisional Army, C. S. MEMPHIS, July 24, 1861. SECRETARY QF WAR: I have had a conference with Governor Harris as to your call for six regiments. He says he can spare only five. As your call is pressing, I send you the Sixteenth Mississippi Regiment from Corinth. [2.] L. POLK. RICHMOND, July 25, 1861. Governor A. B. MOORE, lYliontyomery, Ala.: As soon as you have armed W. B. Woods and James Canteys regi- mnents send them here. Tents will be furnished here. Additional companies for Fort Gaines are not needed, other than those you have recently supplied. [2.] L. P. WALKER. LYNCHEIJRc+, July 25, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: Three Tennessee regiments have come forward. Two more, com- manded by Colonels Fulton and Savage, are at Bristol awaiting orders. Shall they be ordered to this place or remain at Haynesville h S. R. ANDERSON, [2.] Brigadier- General Page 198 198 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. RICHMOND, July 25, 1861. Brig. Gen. S. IR. ANDERsoN, Lynch burg: Order the two Tennessee regiments flow at Bristol to proceed to Lynchburg. L. P. WALKER, [2.] Secretary of War, LYNCIIBUIIG, July 25, 1861. General S. COOPER: Your dispatch received. All my clothes, camp equipage, horses, & c., are gone to Monterey. General Donelson is here without incumbrance. If agreeable, I would like your order to be changed. Let me hear the result. The change of direction will be very inconvenient. [2.1 5. R. ANDERSON. UNION MILLS, July 25, 1861. General BEAUREGARD: SIR: In a conversation with Major James, Louisiana Sixth Infantry, he has left the impression on my mind that you think some of your orders on the 21st were either not carried out or not received by me. My first order on that day was to hold myself in readiness to attack this at sunrise. About 10 oclock General Jones sent a copy of an order received by him, in which it was stated that I had been ordered to cross and attack, and on the receipt of this I moved on until receiv- ing the following: 10.30 a. rnOn account of the difficulties of the ground in our front, it is thought advisable to fall back to our former positions. G. T. B. If any other order was sent to me I should like to have a copy of it, as well as the name of the courier who brought it. Every movement I made was at once reported to you at the time, and this across Bull Run, as well as the advance in the afternoon, I thought were explained in my report sent in to day. If an order was sent earlier than the copy through General Jones, the courier should be held responsible, as neither General Holmes nor myself received it. I send the original of the order to fall back in the morning. The second advance in the after- noon and recall to Stone Bridge were in consequence of verbal orders. My chief object in writing to you is to ask you to leave nothing donbt- fnl in your report, both as regards my crossing in the morning and recall, and not to let it be inferred by any J)ossibility that I blundered on that day. I moved forward as soon as notified by General Jones that he was ordered and I had been. If there was an order sent to inc to advance, before the one I received through General Jones, it is more than likely it would have been given to the same express. Respectfully, R. S. EWELL, [2.1 Brigadier- General. RICHMOND, July 26, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD, Afanassas, TFa.: Col. J. A. Early has been appointed brigadier-general. General R. Toombs will join promptly. N. G. Evans assigned to temporary ran Page 199 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 199 as colonel, and both he and C. M. Wilcox can be employed in higher commands, as necessity may require. S. COOPER, [2.1 Adjutant and Inspector General. iVIANAsSAS, VA., Jaly 2G, iSGi. General li. S. EWELL, Union Mills, Ye.: GENERAL: Your letter of the 25th instant is received. I do not attach the least blame to you for the failure of the movement on Center- ville, but to the guide who did not deliver the order to move forward, seiit at about 8.30 a. m. to General Holmes and then to you, correspond- ing in every respect to the one sent to Generals Jones, Longstreet, and Bonham, only their movement was subordinate to yours. Unfortu- iiateiy no copy, in the hurry of the moment, was kept of said orders, and so many guidesabout a dozen or morewere sent oft in different directions, that it is next to impossible to find out who was the bearer of the order referred to. Our guides and couriers were the worst set I ever employed, whether from ignorance or over anxiety to do well and quickly, I cannot say, but many regimeiit~ lost their way repeatedly, on their way toward the field of battle, and of course I can attach no more blame to their commanding officers than I could to you, for not executing an order which I am convinced you did not get. I am fully aware that you did all that could have been expected of you or your command. I merely express my regret that my original plan could not be carried into effect, as it would then have been a most complete victory with only half the trouble and fighting. The true cause of countermanding yonr forward movement after you had crossed was that it was then too late, as the en ciny was about to annihilate our left flank and had to be met and checked there, for otherwise he would have taken us in flank and rear, and all would have been lost. Yours, truly, G. T. BEAUREGARD, General. P. S.Please read the above to Major James. The order sent you at abont 8 a. m. to commence the movement on Centerville was addressed to General Holmes and yourself, as he was to support you. But being nearer to Camp Pickens, the headquarters, than Union Mills, where you were~ it was to be communicated to him first and then to you, bat he has informed me that it never reached him. With regard to the order sent you in the afternoon to recross the Bull Run, to march toward the Stone Bridge, it was sent you by General J. E. Johnston, as I am informed by him, for the purpose of supporting our left, if necessary. [2.] G. T. B. MANAssAS, July 26, 1861. General S. COOPER: Captain Henderson, commanding a company of mounted volunteers, reported to me on the 25th that General Pattersons atmy is at Har- pers Ferry. Two regiments have crossed the river into Maryland, and two others are at Sandy Hook, near Harpers Ferry, omi the Maryland side. General I~atterson is supposed to have relinquished the command. J. E. JOHNSTON, [2.] General, C. ~. Army Page 200 200 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIGAii~E, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Vienna, Va., July 26, 1861. Licut. Col. THOMAS JORDAN, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General: Sin: Colotiel Radford has just informed inc that it was the expecta- tion of General Johnston that I would capture some of the enemys abandoned property at this place. T found none here whatever. Cap- tain Wickham and Captain Stevens, with a small party of cavalry, were sent by me this afternooii to make a reconnaissance of the country as far as Taylors Hill. They extended it to within a little over a mile of Baileys Cross-Roads, where they learned the enemy had troops, say about two regiments. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, M. L. BONHAM, [2.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS, Williamsburg, duly 26, 1861. Col. ROBERT JOHNSTON, Commanding Cavalry, Cockletown: SIR: General Magruder directs that you will order the troops, except the cavalry, to return to their respective stations by the evening of the 30th, that being the day when your rations are exhausted. Should, however, reliable information reach you that the enemy in force are marching to Williamsburg or Yorktown or making a serious move by water, you will fall back to those places at once, and will always keep yonr troops prepared to move at a moments warning. The cavalry will remain below at their old station, and will use every exertion to gain information of the enemy and drive back small parties. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. B. COSBY, [2.] Major and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. CORINTH, MlSS., July 26, 1861. General S. COOPER: The Sixteenth Regiment Colonel Posey, 900 strong, left for Rich- mond this day. CHAS. CLARK, Brigadier- General. [Indorsement.] JULY 29, 18(31. The Sixteenth Regiment Mississippi, Colonel Posey, on its arrival at Lynchbnrg will proceed to Staunton, where instructions wijl await it. S. C[OOPER]. [2.] RICHMOND, July 26, 1861. Hon. GROR~E DAVIS: MY DEAR SIR: I beg leave, in behalf of the committee of safety of the town of Wilmington, to hand you a copy of a letter addressed t Page 201 CILAl. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 201 General it. C. Gatlin, in command of the Southern Department of the Coast Defenses of North Carolina, together with his reply. These let- ters explain themselves, and the committee of safety will be greatly obliged if you will, as promptly as you conveniently can, bring the subject-matter of this correspondence to the attention of the pr PCI authorities of the Government of the Confederate States. Yery trnly, yours, ~ A. WRIGHT. [Inclosure No. 1.1 WILMINGTON, N. C., July 22, 1861. General RICHARD C. GATLIN: DEAR SlR: The undersigned, members of the committee of safety of the town of Wilmington, have been appointed a special committee of that body to inquire into the present condition of the defenses of the southern portion of the coast of North Carolina, and to make such rel)resentation of the matter referred to us to the Government of the Confederate States as will secure prompt attention to the same. The attention of the committee of safety has been directed to the subject of the coast defenses in this vicinity by reason of information received unofficially that all works intended for the protection of our coast had been suspended by order of the authorities of our State. We beg you will advise us as to the truth of the information on which the committee of safety has acted, and further, that you will inform us in detail as to the present condition of the different works which have been commenced for the defense of the coast and harbors in this portion of our State, and also what additional works are deemed necessary for the purposes indicated. Very respectfully, JOHN McRAE. WM. A. WRIGHT. J. D. BELLAMY. [Inelosure No. 2.] HEADQUARTERS SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT, COAST DEFENSES OF INORTII CAROLINA, Wilmington, July 23, 1861. Messrs. JOHN MCRAE, WILLIAM A. WRIGHT, and JOHN D. BELLAMY, ljfembers of the Committee of Safety of the Town of Wilmington: GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 22d instant, and to reply as follows: On the 5th instant instructions were received from Raleigh directing all expenditures in this department to cease, so far as North Carolina is concerned, save as to the proper support of the troops. Accordingly, orders were issued directing all work to cease on the forts and batteries in this harbor and along the coast and the laborers discharged. There have been com- pleted three batteries, viz: One on Oak Island, one on Zeeks Island, and one on Confederate Point; another on Confrderate Point is in an unfinished state. The batteries yet to be erected, and which were recom- mended by Colonel Whiting, are three in number, viz: One at Reeves Point, one at Prices Creek, and one at Old Brunswick. In addition to the above-mentioned works two other batteries should be erected with- out delay on the coast above Confederate Point lightone at the head of the sound and one two miles and a half from it and between it and th Page 202 202 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. light. These batteries would force the ei~emy to lie well off the shore, which for several miles has three fathoms of water within half a mile of it, and would serve to prevent his landing, for which this l)art of the coast offers many facilities. A landing would endanger, if not make certain the loss of; Confederate Point battery, and thus give the enemy control of this side of the river. A camp has been established at the head of the sound, and will be occupied by nine companies of the Eighth Regiment. They are to operate against the enemy should he attempt to land on that part of the coast or npon the banks, and to facilitate their movements a military road should be opened along the sound from the camp to Topsail Inlet. I am clearly of opinion that the works con- templated should be executed without delay. Captain Lee, C. S. Army, made an inspection of the defenses and h report to the War Department. as doubtless forwarded his Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. ~. GATLIN, Brigadier- General, Comm an ding. [2.] General S. COOPER, LYNCHBURG, July 26, 1861. Adjutant- General: I have ordered the troops at Bristol to this place, by direction of the Secretary of War. Does this change your order of yesterday? S. it. ANDERSON [2.] Brigadier- General. RICHMOND, July 27, 1861. Brig. Gen. J. E. JOHNSTON, ifilanassas: There are two regiments Mississippi regulars at Inka for the war, waiting for arms to join you. If you can furnish them they will be immediately ordered forward. Can you do so? S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS, Col. CHARLES A. CRUMP, Williamsburg, July 27, 1861. Gloucester Point: COLONEL: General Magruder directs that you will assign each bat- talion and company under your coimnand to the place it is to defend in case of an attack on Gloucester Point. Your command will be paraded in order of defense and flimiliarized with their proper places, so as to take them at a moments notice and without confusion. Col- onel Winston has been directed to send Captain Meade to Gloucester Poimit to examine the works there, and to indicate any changes that he may deemn essential. He has been particularly instructed to examine whether it be practicable to throw up traverses to protect the lines from a reverse tire from the river. You will please exanmine the works with him and suggest any changes you may consider necessary. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. B. COSJ3Y, [2.] Aeting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 203 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 203 EXECUTIVE OFFICE, Raleigh, N. C., Jnly 2?~, 18G1. Hon. L. P. WALKER: SIR: In reply to the letter of General Huger, stating that some weeks since he wrote to the Executive of North Carolina, requesting two regiments of the State might be kept at Garysburg and sent to him when wanted, I have the honor to state that several regiments of North Carolina troops have been formed at Garysbnrg and forwarded to your order in iRichmond, and three of them are now, by your orders, I presume, under the command of Genei~d Huger. J felt no disposition to keep one or two regiments at Garysburg; and had I felt disposed, your own demand for troops has hurried them forward as fast as their organization and health would allow. Major Ramseurs battery will leave for Richmond on Monday. They have been detained for want of horses and harness. Captain Moores battery is now preparing and equipping, and can probably leave soon. We are greatly retarded here for want of the guns, horses, and necessary appendages. If any of your captured batteries are fit for service, we can immediately send on Captain Moore or Captain Brem with their artillery companies to take charge of them. For the want of guns we shall have to detail them to our own coast. The Fourth Regiment of North Carolina State Troops, Colonel Anderson, has attached to it an artillery company, Captain Reilly, now in Virginia, which perhaps you might use for that purpose. Very respectfully, T. CLARK. [2.] RICHMOND, July 27, 1861. Governor CLARK, Raleigh, N. C.: The President desires you will send S. B. Rainseurs battery, as orig- inally requested, to SuffiAk. If you have another available battery you are requested to send it to General T. II. Holmes, at Fredericks- burg. The telegraph of 25th did not relate to Ramseurs battery. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant aad Inspector General. RICHMOND, July 27, 1861. General B. S. DONELSON, Lynchbnrg, Va.: Proceed immediately to Staunton and take command of the two Ten- nessee regiments ordered to Huntersville. By order of the President: S. COOPER, [2.] Ai(jutant and inspector General. HEADQUARTERS, Manassas, !July 28, 1861. General S. COOPETI, Adjutant and Inspector General: GENERAL: This army, both General Beauregards troops and mine, is without adequate means of transportation. It would be impossibl Page 204 204 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. to maneuver for want of it. I respectfully ask that the Quartermaster- Genera] be directed to take measures for the immediate purchase of a large number of wagons and teams. Agents should be sent to differ- ent parts of the State and wherever else may be deemed expedient. This need is urgent. Our enemies are exertiug themselves to the utmost. Your obedient servant, J. E. JOHNSTON, [2.] General, C. AS~. Army. RICHMOND, July 28, 1861. G. P. SMITH, Lynchburg, Va.: The two regiments referred to in General S. ZR. Andersons dispatch, commanded by John II. Savage and A. S. Fulton, are ordered to Bristol, to be under command of General S. ZR. Auderson. 12. P. WALKER. [2.] MANASSAS, VA., July 29, 1861. ills Excellency President DAVIS: Beg to suggest not to seud any more troops here until provisions can be had. Some regiments are nearly starving. G. T. BEAUREGARD, General, & c. [Addendum by Colonel Lee.] Hard bread and bacon most needed. Six hundred barrels of flour purchasedto be delivered to-morrow. Beef and cattle abundant. A regular supply of flour may be had ou favorable terms from neigh- boring mills. ZR. B. LEE, [2.] C. S. Army. MaJ. H. L. CLAY, RICHMOND, July 30, 1861. Lynehburg, Va.: Any Tennessee regiments that have arrived at Lynchburg will not be turned back. A. S. Fultons and J. H. Savages regiments, if at Lyncliburg, will be sent on to Staunton. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. BRISTOL, July 30, 1861. S. CooP~: I am waiting orders in detail. No enemy iii Lee or Scott Counties, as I am advised. I wan t instructions for my general movements, and the number of regiments by name that I am to command. S. ZR. ANDERSON, [2.] Brigadier. General Page 205 CHAI. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 205 SPECIAL ORDERS, )~ HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES, No. 238. Richmond, July 31, 1861. * * * * * * * III. Capt. M. S. Robertsons company, Maryland Volunteers~ will proceed to Manassas as soon as transportation can be provided and report for dnty with the Maryland Battalion. * * * * * * * 13y order of the President: GEO. DEAS, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. BRISTOL, July 31, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General: Your dispatch received. I leave for Stauntoii to-day. By my proper command I suppose you mean the first three regiments now at Staunton. Am I right~ There are two regiments at Lynchbnrg and three here and one more expected here from West Tennessee. General Zollicoffer is here. You had better give instructions to the troops at Lynchburg and at this place. S. R. ANDERSON, [2.] Brigadier- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQR 5. 1ST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 188. 5 Manassas, July 31, 1561. I. Capt. E. P. Alexander, Engineer Corps, C. S. Army, will remain chief of artillery and orduaiice for this army corps, and will transfer to Colonel Pendleton all the duties assigued to him nuder Special Orders, No. 169, as chief of ordnance for the Army of the Potomac. II. Lieutenant Barnwell, C. S. Army, will report to Colonel Pen- dleton. By command of General Beauregard: THOMAS JORDAN, [2.] Assistant Adjutant- General. CHARLESTOWN, VA., July 31, 1861. General JOHNSTON, Near Manassas: SIR: I would respectftully report to you that about 10,000 of General Banks counnand are encamped near Knoxville, 2,000 above Harpers Ferry, on the Maryland side, 1,000 in Harpers Ferry, with two com- panies of cavalry on this side. Sixty came to Charlestown last night. I send a prisoner, whom I took near the Ferry last night, who may give you information. The army of Banks is very much disorganized, and I think never will return to the soil of Virginia. Very respectfally, your obedient servant, JOHN HENDERSON, Captain of Virginia Rangers. Two companies of cavalry have just come to Charlestown. [2. Page 206 206 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS NORTHWESTERN VIRGINIA, Iluntersville, Va., July 31, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD: SIR: I conversed yesterday with Major Byrd, who carried an express from an officer of this command to General Wise. He informs me that he saw the command at Gauley Bridge, about sixty miles from Lewis- burg, and thinks it was the intention to give battle. Will you be kind enough to put yourself into communication with Gemmeral Wise, and if you have information to justify it, join him at once. As soon as I received the information expecting two regiments at Staunton I sent word for them to go to Miliborough; others will be there to join this com- mand. They will be there some days and may be stopped if necessary. The enemy are on Cheat Mountain, with a considerable force at its base and along the road to Beverly. We are slowly concentrating here for the want of transportation and supplies. If the enemy is not pressing in the direction of Wise, and the different commands can join me, I think we can give the enemy a decided blow in the vicinity of Cheat Mountain and also strike the column sent in the direction of Wise. I beg that you will give me the earliest information of the movements of both General Wise and yourself. It is desirable, of course, that the information contained herein be not public. With respect, I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, XV. W. LOllING, [2.1 Comma ding Yortltwestern Army. RICHMOND VA General CHARLES CLARK, July 31, 1861. Corinth, Miss. Please communicate to Capt. James ID. Caulfield, at ILuka, that his company (Liberty Guards) has been accepted by the President, and will organize into one of the Mississippi regiments now at Inka. You will please order these t~vo regiments, as soon as completed, to proceed to Lynchburg, Va. S. COOPER, [2.] Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND August 1, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynehburg: Please give me by telegraph the names of the colonels of the several Tennessee regiments that have arrived at Lynchburg since July 20, and the designation of each regiment, stating which have been sent forward to Staunton and which remaining at Lynchburg. No umore than five in all are to take the Staunton route; the others, if any, will be held at Lynchburg until further orders. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and inspector General. Maj. H. L. CLAY. Lynchburg: RICHMOND, August 1, 1861. Detain the Sixteenth Mississippi Regiment, Col. Carnot Posey, at Lynchburg until further orders. Its destination will be Mammassas. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General Page 207 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE 207 HEADQUARTERS, Mianassas Junction, August 1, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD, Commanding First Corps, Army of the i~otom~c: GENERAL: By your order I make the following report of orders given by you to me and carried out and borne by me during the (lay of the battle of Man assas, July 21, lSf$1: Soon after daylight on that day, after writing several orders according to your dictation, you ordered me to proceed to General Jackson, stationed with his brigade as a reserve near Blackburns Ford, to conduct him to the level piece of land to the south of Bull Run, between the brigades of Generals Bonham and (Docke, with orders that he should support the latter on his left. After showing him the ground he wished to communicate with General C., and upon consulting with him thought best to bring the head of his column as far as the foot of the hill on which Lewis house stands, and allow it to extend along the run, keeping a short distance from it. This determination I communicated to you on my return near head- quarters. After bearing your orders to the ordnance officer and com- luissary to make depots of ammunition and provisions at Lewis house, I joined you near Mitchells Ford. About 10.30 a. ni. you sent me with orders to Generals Longstreet, Jones, and Ewell to fall back to their former positions at the fords which they had been guarding. I found Generals Longstreet and Jones in advance of their fords. GeneralJones was very anxious to know why General Ewell had not also advanced to support him. Delivering your orders, I proceeded along Popes Run to General Ewells position at Union Mills Ford. I found time general had advanced a portion of his brigade across the ford, and he himself I found at his headquarters on the opposite side. General Ewehl seemed very uneasy, fearing you had sent him a~n order which had not been received. I returned, hiding you on a hill near Mitchells Ford. My horse having been ridden dowim, I was obliged to send my orderly for a fresh one to the troop near by. While he was gone for it you pro- ceeded to Lewis house. I caine on as quickly as possible, and found on the hill several members of the staff. I was told by them that it was your order that we should wait there for you, but wishing if possi- ble to be with you, I l)roceeded to a hill between Lewis and the turn- pike, where we had a battery whiclm the enemy were trying to destroy with their artillery. Not being able to learn where you were, 1 returned to Lewis and waited a short time. Again I started to join you, and when at the pines near where Ricketts battery was taken, I saw the remnants of a regiment commanded by Colonel Allen coming out in disorder, sayimig they had been cut to pieces and lost their field officers. Fearing they would spread alarm among our troops, I stopped and col- lected them together. Just then Colonel Allen arrived on the spot, and I told him what I had done, begging him to keep his men from retirimig and spreading alarm, which he did. Hearing that you were in front of us, Colonel Miles and myself proceeded to join you. In the pines we were met by a captain who said he had just been driven fromn a battery which he had taken, and which for want of re-emiforcemnents he had not been able to hold. 1 immediately went in search of assistance, and met General Cocke advancing with his command. I informed himn of the circumstances, and he inmmediately gave the word forward, and his brigade dashed forward with great spirit, Colonel Prestons regiment leading. After this I met General Jackson (wounded) and asked him if I could not be of somne serviCe to him. He rode forward and showed inc a hill on which he wished a battery placed, with the portions of regiments which I had collected together to support it. Page 208 208 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. IXIJi. conducted the battery into position, and showed the commanding officer where he wished the fire of the guns to be directed. Almost imme- diately a regiment of the enemy appeared where the general expected, and the battery opened upon them. Soon after the rout commenced I joined General Johnston. Just then Colonel iRadford with his cav- alry rode up. Hearing General Johnston say he was not acquainted with the topography of the country, I offered to guide Colonel Radford wherever he should order. He directed me to conduct him to the turn- pike. Colonel Radford said he wished to enter it as low down as pos- sible. I guided him by Balls Ford through the woods to a point on the turnpike near the Suspension Bridge on Cub Run, emerging from the woods between 100 and 200 yards from the road. here we discov- ered a battery drawn up to receive Colonel Radford which upon opened ns with grape-shot. Colonel Radford charged the battery, sweeping everything before him, taking at the same time Colonel Corcoran and the colors of the Sixty-ninth New York Regiment, a number of officers, and fifty or sixty privates, Colonel Radford procee(ling on at once. Finding some confusion among the mcmi in charge of the prisoners, I took command of them, organizing a guard, and reported to you at Lewis house. You afterward ordered me to post Colonel Elzeys bri- gade at Camp Walker, which I did, and returned to headquarters, Manassas, about 10 p. m. T am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. R. CLHSOLM, [2.] Aide-dc- Camp. RICHMOND, August 1, 1861. Brig. Gen. S. R. ANDERSON, Lynehburg, Va.: Proceed to Staunton and report to General R. B. Lee, who will assign you. S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. CAMP BEE, Alleghany County, Va., August 1, 1861. Brigadier-General LORING-: SIR: I hasten to answer your note of yesterday, received to-day just as I reached the encampment. My information from General Wise is not very explicit or satisfactory, but from such as I have I infer he is retreating upon Lewisburg and will probably be there to-day. His retreat leaves open all the country from Kanawha to this region, and enables the enemy either to threaten your flank or to march upon the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad in the county of Pulaski. I will be in communication with General Wise to-morrow, and if I receive any par- ticular information worthy of notice I will send it to you. if nothing further transpires to change the aspect of things, I will advance toward Covington very shortly. Our second regiment will be here to-morrow. We have four companies of horse, but they are illy provided with arms. The third regiment was ready to leave Wytheville but for want of arms. If they are promptly furnished that regiment will be ready at once to take the field. I am, sir, very respeetiully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.3 Brigadier- General, C. & Army Page 209 CHAP. LXIII.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 209 SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES, No. 240. Richmond, Auqust 2, 1861. * * * * * * * IV. The Albemarle Everett Artillery, Capt. William H. Soutliall, will proceed to Williamsburg as soon as transportation can be provided and report to Brig. (len. J. B. Magruder. V. The companies of Georgia Volunteers commanded by Capts. H. J. Smith and Michael Lynch will proceed to Manassas Juiictioii, and thence march to report to Lieut. Col. W. D. Smith, commanding Georgia Battalion with the Army of the Potomac. VI. The company of Kentucky Volunteers now attached to Colonel Blanchards regiment from Louisiana is transferred from that regiment, and will move immediately to this place, where it will join the battali& n of Kentucky troops under Maj. B. Anderson. This battalion will then proceed to the Army of the Potomac, and be there embodied into a regiment with the six companies from Kentucky now with that army. The field officers will be appointed in further orders. By order of the Secretary of War: (lEO. DEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. I)EPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS, Williamsburg, August 2, 1861. Col. GEORGE DEAS, Assistant A djutant- General, Richmond: SIR: I have the honor to report that it has just come to my knowl- edge (or at least a few days since) that the gun carriages of the naval battery at Yorktown are made of pine, and that they will not stand ten discharges of the gun. Yorktown being the key to Richmond, the batteries there and opposite ought to be put in the best condition with- out delay. I beg, therefore, that barbette army carriages for six colum- biads be made with the least possible delay for these guns. Perhaps they can be furnished now. The irons of these gun carriages are mis erable also. I have to request that an active and intelligent navy officer be ordered to report to me for service with this battery. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. BANKIIEAD MAGRUDER, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQITARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, August 2, 1861. General A. W. G. DAvIS: M~ DEAR SIR: I am greatly disappointed at not hearing from you since you left camp. 1 am sure you have written, but I have received no letter. Everything depends (probably the safety of my command) upon procuring transportation in your county to send on the regiments and abundant supplies of flour from here. The enemy is moving a very heavy force from Suttonville upon me at this place, and if they should advance also from the mouth of Gauley (as they evidently should do) their whole force will reach at least 8,000 men To meet this force will require every man I can possibly raise from all quarters; hence the three regiments and the batteries become absolutely indispensable to 14 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 210 210 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL me. The enemy were only forty miles distant from me last night, and however Cautiously they a(lvance cannot fail to reach me in two or three days at furthest. I beg of you, therefore, to exert every nerve to send up [the troops] and their supplies, for remember that the troops them- selves would prove my utter ruin if they come to my camp without rations (bread) for at least ten days in advance. I am, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYT), [~~1 Brigadier- General Commanding Army of the Kanawha. CAMP BEE, Allegheny County, Va., August 2, iRGi. Col. G-. C. WHARTON: The guns which I had for Salyers and Lundys companies did not reach here by Colonel Reynolds2 train or any other, as I supposed they would, and as I gave orders for. I regret extremely their failure to arrive. I write this to beg of you to send them at once to me. Use your own discretion as to the speediest means. But more important than this for your special attention is the condition of the new arms turned out by Barrett and put into the hands of Salyers men. I caused the company to try them to-day, and out of twenty-eight tried two were found to be of different calibers from the rest, rendering the common ball useless. Three of the tubes were perfectly loose in the cylinder and one other blew out, breaking off the cock. Three of these guns have broken off at th6 breech, having been stocked with brittle walnut sawed across the grain. It will be necessary to establish a most rigid and exact inspection of these arms in the progress and after their fin- ish. The serious injury of my command, perhaps its destruction, might result from this infamous negligence. It has destroyed my confidence in all the work Barrett has done for us. Wise has fallen back. They will not allow it to be a retreat. 11 hear the enemy have fallen forward and with such rapidity that they occupied his camp, getting tents and other camp equipage in fifteen minutes after our people left them. He is at Lewishurg on his way to Covington. I sent Colonel ileth to Rich- mond on special business, and will remain here probably until his return, which will be day after to-morrow. My impatience to get actively into the field increases as I near the scene of action. Bring or send 1,000 pounds of buckshot and all the powder not sent to the counties, as heretofore direeted. We will have to verify and test our guns fully. 1 forgot to say that the round bullets made by the big molds from Barretts cast a bullet entirely too big for the guns. Such is the outrageous negligence practiced there in these matters of the most vital imnportamice. Please have molds made that will fit, and have them tried so as to insure it. hurry on with speed and may good luck atteu(l you. Very truly, your friend, JOhN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, C. K~. Army. SPECIAL ORDEns, HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES, No. 241. Richmond, August 3, 1861. I. The First Regiment of North Carolina Troops, Colonel Stokes, will, as soon as transportation is ready, proceed to Manassas and join the Army of the Potomac Page 211 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 211 II. The Texas Battalion, Lieut. Col. L. T. Wigfall, will proceed to join the Army of the Potomac as soon as transportation is prepared. * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: GEG. DEAS, [n.J Assistant Adjutant- General. LEESBURC~ August 3, 1861. General Jos. E. JOHNsTON: SIR: In obedience to your orders to Colonel Stuart I was sent up to find out the position of the enemy at Harpers Ferry and down the river to Edwards Ferry. There is about one regiment at Harpers Ferry, and they have made an excellent ford at that place, so that they can cross at any time, the water not being more than three feet deep. At Sandy Hook, just below, there are two encampments, I suppose one regiment in each camp. There are a few at Berlin, Point of Rocks, and Edwards Ferryone or two companies at each place. They are all on the Maryland side, except those at llarper~5 Ferry. One hundred and forty of them came over the river to Lovettsville on last Thursday, but soon went back, after getting something to eat. I think if we had a battery on this side, opposite their encamupument, we would give them some trouble. Doubleday has a large gun and, I think, part of his battery on the Maryland Heights opposite Harpers Ferry. There was a man by the name of Stewart, a native of Maryland, who passed through here to-day on his way to Maryland, and who has been in the habit of passing and repassing from Virginia to Maryland, they say, to bring us arms and ammunition. I dont know the man, but only mention him that you. may know of his movements. I-Ic said he was just from Richmond, and one of the captains here told me he had a pass from General Beauregard. Your obedient servant, R. WELBY CARTER, [~.j Captain, First Regiment Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS, llinntersville, August 3, 1861. General J. B. FLOYD, Camp Sweet Springs, Monroe County, Va.: GENERAL: A letter from General Wise, at Lewisburg, of the 3d instant, states that he will march oim the 4th to the White Sulphur Springs; that the forces of the enemy at Gauley were about 5,000 men, but that they have been re-enforced. He thinks they will advance gradually and slowly, their separate columns converging at Mays, thir- teen miles west of Lewisburg, whence they will approach Huntersville. I fear if they reach Lewisbnrg they will attempt to seize the Central Virginia Railroad and the Virginia and Temmuessee Railroad if their force is sufficient. You will see the importance of preventing this, if possible, and of holding Lewisbnrg, or at least of keeping them west of the mountains. You are therefore desired to join General Wise at the White Sulphur, and to reoccupy Lewisburg with your united forces and such re-enforcements as you can get in that region, should you find it practicable. Otherwise, to take the best position east of that point to restrain them west of the Alleghany. I amn, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding Page 212 212 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Manassas, August 4, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD: GENERAL: I have the honor to submit, according to your instruc. tion yesterday, the following list of the orders I carried during the 21st of July last, viz: At sunrise orders to Colonel Bartow to place his brigade in front of the woods in the corn-field at McLeans farm iu position to support either McLeans or Blackburns Ford. Similar orders to General Bee, except that his brigade was to be posted along the edge of the woods bordering the corn-field. Orders to Colonel Early to place his brigade in a retired spot near McL~eans Ford for the support of that point, or of Blackburns Ford if necessary. Orders to General Jackson to hold his brigade in readiness on the left of Mitch. ells Ford to march to the support of that point or of the Stone Bridge. Returned to Manassas and was ordered by you to conduct one of Gen- eral Longstreets aides to Colonel Earlys position. On the way met General Bee whose orders had beeu changed, marching his brigade to Stone Bridge. This must have been about 7 or 8 a. m. About 9 or 9.30 1 was sent to ascertain the position of Brig. Gen. D. IR. Jones. I found him in position near Kincheloes farm on the Union Mills and Centerville road, waiting the advance of General Ewell, to whom he had just sent a copy of the orders he had that morning received. Between 11 and 12 I was ordered from the hill near Mitchells Ford to the scene of active engagement on the left, with orders for Stuarts cavalry to cross Bull Run and charge the enemy in flank, to inquire about the ammunition ordered to Lewis house, and ascertain the state of affairs on our left. After having accomplished this and returned about half way to Mitchells Ford I met Generals Johnston and Beau- regard on their way to the left. Joined General Beauregard, and con- tinued with or near him nntil the rout of the enemy commenced, wheii I was ordered to recall the troops to the left of the road to Sudley Springs, after which I conducted a command, consisting of Hamptons Legion, Colonel Cashs regiment, and Keinpers battery, to Stone Bridge. Rejoined General Beauregard at Lewis house after sunset, and was immediately ordered back to Stone Bridge to stop the pursuit, leave a sufficient guard at that point, and conduct all other troops I might find to Manassas by the shortest route. I had to proceed almost to Suspension Bridge before I overtook the troops who were in pursuit of the enemy. During the engagement on our extreme left I delivered several orders, changing the positions of regiments slightly, halting them for a few moments, or ordering them to charge, but the l)recise order in which these were given I cannot, without the assistance of a map, describe, as in many instamices the regiments were unknown to me. \Tery respectfully, general, your obedient servant, S. W. FERGUSON, [5.j Aide-dc- Camn. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, HEADQUARTERS, August 4, 1861. General FLOYD: MY DEAR SIR: I have received yours, dated the 24th ultimo, and deeply regret my total inability to furnish the arms you desire at all. I sent arms to Lynchburg and ammunition several months ago, and also to Memphis, Tenn., and 6,000 to Florida. I have 10,000 men in Virginia, all armed and equipped by myself. I have 7,000 men on our coast an Page 213 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 213 in Charleston, armed and equipped also, and am now mustering into camps of instruction 3,500 men. I have given out 13,000 more arms than I ~ot from the U. S. Arsenal, so I have noue now on hand, except some old muskets I am rifling and fixing up for active service, and only a few of them. If we are invaded in the fall, as we will be, unless we conquer again in Virginia, I shall have to meet at least 35,000 men. I trust I may be able to do so with my own troops, and if I cannot successfully defend the State, I can at least make it not worth conquering. If there is any man in this world I should like to aid it would be you, and I assure you I would do so if I could. I planted the first cannon, with an artillery officer and men, on the Mississippi River, above Memphis, and it was by my order that boats loaded with sugar, coffee, and molasses for Illinois and Ohio were fired into and stopped. I sent eleven heavy cannon and 25,000 pounds of powder, with shot, shell, and artillerymen into North Carolina and planted them in the forts there. I sent 2,000 drilled men into Virginia, and my men were the first to march through the streets of Richmond, and I would have put 3,000 men into the navy- yard at Gosport and taken it before it was burnt if your Governor would have allowed me. If my advice had been followed at Richmond I would have stormed Washington on the very day that Baltimore rose on the Massachusetts regiment. I wrote to yonr Governor and urged him the day after he got possession of the cannon at Gosport to plant them, with hot-shot battei~ie~, immediately on the Potomac and to fire into all trans- port vessels, and to blow up the Long Bridge and plant batteries there and on Arlington Heights, all of which could have been done without the slightest difficulty, and it would have saved Old Virginia mnch blood and insult. My heart has been with you from the first, and I would make Old Virginia an universal graveyard for freemen, or make her, what she has always been, the banner State for constitutional liberty and independence. Go on, my dear sir, and lead your glorious legions from your mountains and your valleys, as they were led, in the days of our first Revolutiou. b~ Campbell down to Kings Mountain, where they made that mountain an everlasting monument erected to the brave and the free. May God bless you. Yours, truly, [5.] F. W. PICKENS. CAMP BEE, Alleghany County, Va., August 4, 18G1. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAvIs, President of the Confederate States of America: DEAR SIR: After two days diligent inquiry, and from all sources of information here and from the reports of some special messengers whom I dispatched in the direction of the enemy before I left Wythe, who have joined me here, I am in possession of some facts which I deem it proper to communicate to you. The general impression strongly entertained throughout the whole country is that the retreat of General Wise was in fact a flight from the face of the enemy, for it is asserted that they entered his camp below Charleston fifteen minutes after his people left it, getting tents ammd other valuable property abandoned in their haste by our men. The impression has and is pro- ducing very injurious effects upon the public mind, even in the true and faithful portions of the country. The people from Kanawha to Wytheville are filled with alarm at the danger to them from laying open the lines of communication between them and the enemnys forces. These people have already crossed the Kanawha River and advance Page 214 214 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. as far as Fayette Court-House iii the direction of the southwest, and have sent out their strong pickets some distance beyond that point. They are rebuilding the bridge over Gauley River, which they have passed with a sufficiently strong detachment to penetrate within forty miles of Lewisburg, committing (lepredations by arson and theft. Some people are quitting Lewisburg for safety. In my judgment nothing would be more disastrous than to allow this state of things to continue for any length of time. If the enemy make much progress toward the southwest it will give dangerous activity to the Unionists of East Ten- nessee and Northern Kentucky, who are vary numerous and becoming much excited as the war progresses. I am satisfied now that the whole power of the southwest can be almost instantly raised, and feel some degree of confidence that the enemy could be speedily driven over the Ohio. I think likewise that the force thus raised and employed could, when through with this branch of their work, threaten, if they could not entirely cut off, the communication of the Laurel Hill forces with the Ohio River. If the enemy at Cheat Mountain were beaten in bat- tle, unless the victory was complete, they would still have the Kanawha Valley, and it would still require the same vigorous campaign to dis- lodge them. The loss of a battle at Cheat Mountain would not cripple the enemy as severely or help us as much as to drive them from the Kanawha Valley. I am sure it would not do so much toward restoring confidence in the western portion of time State. I write this privately to you, because I am diffident of all it contains except the facts stated, upon which you may rely. If you order a force to Kanawha it will be necessary to scud at least two good and efficient batteries, which, together with ammunition for those who would serve for the campaign, is all that would be needed after the requisitions for my troops shall have been filled. It will have the merit, I think, at least of being a cheap campaign. With the highest regard, I am, very truly, your friend, [~.1 JOHN B. FLOYD. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES, No. 242. Richmond, un gust 5, 1861. * * * * * * II. The Tiger Bayou Rifles Company (Capt. H. W. Jones), from Louisiana, is assigned to the First Regiment of Volunteers from that State, and will proceed to Norfolk to report to Colonel Blanchard. III. Capt. T. C. Cones company, Georgia Volunteers, will proceed to Norfolk and join the Third Regiment, under Colonel Wright. This company will replace that of Capt. Foster Blodget, jr., detailed for artillery service. The latter company will repair to Richmond, bringing with it its arms and accouterments to be turned into the ordnance department here, after which it will proceed to join the Army of the Potomac. * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: GEO. DEAS, [~.1 Assistant Adjutant- (le,teral. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS FLOYDS BRIGADE, No. 11. Camp Bee, near Sweet Springs, August 5, 1861. The two squadrons of horse, Floyds Brigade, under command of Maj. C. E. Thorburn, will move from Camp Bee at 5 a. in. to~morro Page 215 CHAP. LXIIJ.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 215 and take up the line of march in the direction of Lewisburg. The quartermaster will furnish the command with all the transportation at hand. The commissary will furnish the command with what rations he has. No unnecessary baggage will be allowed. By or(ler of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd, C. S. Army: WM. B. PETERS, [p.1 Assistant Adjutant-General, Floyds Brigade. ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFJcI~, Richmond, Va., August 6, 1861. Gener~ I G. T. BEAUREGARD, Manassas, Va.: GENERAL: Mr. Suowden has reported here as agent of the railroad between this and Manassas, acting under your authority. I am instructed to inform you that a gentleman, Maj. W. S. Ashe, every way qualified for the situation, distinguished at home, devoted to our cause, and having the confidence of the Administration, had previously been intruste(l with these duties, and being president of the railroad it is deemed best that this matter of transportation should be left in his hands, under the direction of the authority here. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, August 6, 1861. General A. . CHAPMAN: DEAR SIR: I must again express my hearty approbation of the judi- cious and decided course. It is all I could ask. You should look with great care as you advance upon the neighborhood of the enemy. They are cunning aiid stealthy. I will send you a company of artillery in a very short time. It is n~w at White Sulphur, and my orders go for them at once. I am quite sure your best course is to march dowu the country so as to fall in below or about Charleston, as indicated in my last. Colonel Jenkins is fully possessed of my views on that point. I will advance the moment my regiments come up and hope to fall in below Cox on the river. I will keep up constant communication with you, for it is essential for us to act in close concert; in deed, it may become necessary for you to cross the river at some point and unite your force with mine. With many wishes for your success, I am, very truly, yours, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier-General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. Resolutions of thanks to Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Gastave T. Beauregard and the officers and troops under their command at the Battle of ]Jlianassas. Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of America, That the thanks of Congress are eminently due, and are hereby cordiall Page 216 216 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. given, to General Joseph E. Johnston and General Gustave T. Beaure- gard and to the officers and troops under their command, for the great and signal victory obtained by them over forces of the United States, far exceeding them in iiumber,in the battle of the 21st of July at Manassas, and for the gallantry, courage, and endurance evinced by them, in a protracted and continuous struggle of more than ten hours; a victory the great results of which will be realized in the future SUc- cesses of the war, and which, in the judgment of Congress, entitles all who contributed to it to the gratitude of their country. Resolved further, That the foregoing resolution be made knowit in appropriate General Orders, by the generals in command, to the officers and troops to whom they arc addressed. Approved August 6, 1861. [2.] ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, August 7, 1861. General J. E. JOHNSTON, Commanding Forces, ]Jilianassas: GENERAL: Col. Thomas II. Taylor has been ordered to report to you at Manassas, and as signed by direction of the President to the com- mand of the Kentucky Battalion, which is to be organized into a regi- ment under his comnwiand. It is requested that you will furnish Colonel Taylor such facilities as will enable him to organize and bring this regiment into such a state of efficiency as will make it creditable to the service I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, [5.] . Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, August 7, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD, Jlfanassas: The five companies Fourth North Carolina Regiment leave this after- noon for Manassas. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND IINSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 117. Richmond, August 7, 1861. * * * * * * * General Johnston will organize the Kentucky companies under his command into a regiment, the command of which will be assigned to Co]. Thomas II. Taylor, Provisional Army. Colonel Taylor will at once proceed to Manassas Junction, Va., and report for duty to Gen- eral Johnston. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, As8istant Adjutant- General. [5. Page 217 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 217 SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT, AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 244. Richmond, Va., August 7, 186L * * * * * * VI. Capts. G. A. Wallaces and W. B. Dormans companies, Vir- ginia Volunteers, attached to Wises Legion, will proceed without delay to join that command in Western Virginia. * * * * * * * By order: GEO. DEAS, [5] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, ]llanassas, August 7, 1861. General BEAUREGARD: IDEAR GENERAL: I have just read your note to Major Rhett in ref- erence to the return of Colonel Evans brigade to Loudoun. Colonel Preston, of your staff; in conversation this morning suggested that by sending a sufficient train to Loudoun we might at the same time obtain large supplies for our troops and deprive the enemy of means of sub- sistence. Will not Colonel Evans movement make such a measure easy, and may lie not execute it so far as our present means of trans- portation make it feasible l Very truly, J. E. JOHNSTON. RICHMOND, VA., Au gust 8, 1861. Maj. II. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: Send Col. Carnot Poseys Sixteenth Mississippi Regiment to Manassas. S. COOPER, [5.j Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, VA., August 8, 1861. Maj. II. L. CLAY, Lynchburg: Send the First Regiment, Polish Brigade, [to] this place. S. COOPER, [3.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HDQRS. SOIJTIIERN DEPARTMENT COAST DEFENSES, Wilmington, August 8, 1861. His Excellency Governor HENRY T. CLARK, Re leigh, N. C.: GOVERNOR: II have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 4th instant. I have placed muster-rolls in the hands of Colonels Radcliffe and Iverson with instructions to muster into the service the Coast Guard as soon as the requisite number can be obtained. As soon as I am certain that the required number have volunteered, Page 218 218 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. shall be able to spare Captain Edmoudstons company; but, ill order to facilitate the captains movement, I would suggest that conditional orders or instructions be sent me as to the point he is to go to and the person to whom he is to report in case he goes to Virginia. Colonel Iverson, Tenth Regiment, reports that four negroes escaped from Smith- yule and are believed to have gone to the blockading steamer. One or more of the number were good J)ilOts. I have (lirected him to have all boats so arranged at night as to enable his guard to prevent them from being nsed by unauthorized persons, bnt this may not effectually pre vent a recurrence of these desertions. I believe that it would be found useful to lit out the Uncle Ben as a gun-boat and place her in the hands of the navy to be employed near the mouth of the river. The crew could keep a night watch upon the water, which may in time become an absolute necessity. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [4j Brigadier- General. IRICHMOND, August 8, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD: Yorks and Watsons batteries were ordered as requested previous to receipt of your telegram. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and InspeCtor General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 245. Richmond, Va., August 8, 1861. I. The three companies of the Thirteenth North Carolina Regiment of Volunteers under command of Capt. C. J. Cochran will proceed to the headquarters of the regiment with the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * * By order: GEG. PEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. FOUR MILES FROM CHERRY TREE ROAD, August 8, 1861. Col. J. LUCIUS DAVIS, First Cavalry: SlR: I send you a message just from seven miles beyond Summers- ville. The enemy are in Summersville 3,500 strono- with six cannon. lie will give you all the minute information necessary. I start imme- (liately for the purpose of intercepting any troops between Gauley River and Birch Mountains. The road I have passed over is worse than any I have ever seen. If you send troops this way, leave wagons behind and pack everything on horses. I shall be at the Leavins Cabin road to-night. If you wish to send couriers to me, I will leave word along the road where I can be found. I will keep you advised of the enemy, and will, with Gods help, send you a few of them. If possible, send m Page 219 CHAP. LXJIJ.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 219 some horseshoes and horseshoe nails; old horseshoes are better than noiie. Many of my horses are barefooted, and the roads rocky in the extreme. Some of the horses must be left, unless I get shoes for them. There is not a blacksmith within twenty miles. I have from undoubted authority that General Tyler says he will go to Lewisburg, if he wades there in blood. His orders are to unite with General Cox and then march forward. Remember, if you send any re-enforcements, that, from i\IcClungs through the Wilderness road to the crossing of Cherry Tree River, nothing can be obtained for man or beast, a distance of twenty miles. Send me such orders as you desire to be executed; the present change in the position may require other than I have. I shall proceed upon the orders last received from General Wise. Do not for- get to make a requisition upon Richmond for a regimental forge and several sets of tools. We cannot travel without them to much purpose in the mountains. Respectfully, yours, ST. GEG. CROGHAN, [~1 Lieutenant- Colonel First Cavalry. CAMP AT MEADOW BLUFF, August R, 18G1. General FLOYD: SIR: I judge from reports of scouts that the enemy, 3,000 to 5,000, are at Gauley with some artillery, a few cavalry. The messenger (reliable, I believe) will tell you that Tylers corps, 3,500, and one bat- tery, are at Summersville, sixty miles hence, three or foni days march, the roads being very rough, barely practicable to artillery. Cox at Gauley and Tyler at Sumnmersville are two days march apart. They probably meditate a junction and a movement to Lewisburg, or some point of strength to be held until they are re-enforced. Coxs scouts have appeared twenty-three or tweimty-four miles west of me, and it shows a design of a junction with Tyler somewhere on the Lewisbnrg turnpike, access being open by the Sunday road debouching some four- teen or fifteen miles from Gauley Bridge, and other minor wagon roads and horse paths. Cox constructed boats and rafts at the Ganley Bridge some days since. The enemy advanced some 500 or 600 men to Fayette Court-House, but as yet has shown no observable indication of an important movement on that side of the New River. From Summers- ville the roads had access to this turnpike by four farms and fords, Hughes and Carnifix being the principal from which the various roads diverge, the Wilderness road debouching here. I sent 200 cavalry (on the 6th) toward Strouds Glades (fifty miles north) to reconnoiter the enemy and drive the herds of cattle out of his way. They will not return for three or four days to come. Captain Caskie with some forty to fifty troopers are forty miles hence in Raleigh, and with a body of militia will move toward Fayette Court-House. I have here besides guards, scouts, & c., about 100 cavalry, not well armed or equipped. Our horses are generally badly off for shoes, and the shoemmig is pro- ceeding slowly, for want of smiths and forges. About 150 militia, 50 armed and poorly equipped, are in bivouac near me; say 100 unarmed as yet. General Wise, as you are aware, is two days march east of me. Your obedient servant, ~. LUCIUS DAVIS, Colonel First Regiment, Wise Legion. [5. Page 220 220 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 8, 18G1. General J. B. FLOYD Gommanding, Lewisburg, Va.: GENERAL: I have learned from a letter received from General Wise this morning that you intended moving npon Lewisburg yesterday. The general reports his legion unprepared at present to take the field for want of tents, clothing, means of transportation, & c., for which he has sent to Staunton. I have written to him to-day to join you as soon as possible. A part of his force now occupies, I believe, Meadow Bluff and from his cavalry scouts you will learn of the proceedings of the enemy in your front. I need not repeat to you the importance of hold- ing the enemy west of Lewisbnrg if possible, and of preventing his approach by the turnpikes through Raleigh to the Virginia and Ten- miessee Railroad in Wythe and Washington Counties and in Pulaski County. I hope some Southern regiments have by this time been posted at Wytheville, and should you learii that such is the case you are desired to keep in communication with their commander, to give such directions to the troops collected on the Fayette and Raleigh turnpike as may be necessary, and to assume the control of the troops operating in the Kanawha District, unless otherwise ordered by the Secretary of War. It may be proper to inform you that a part of Gen- eral Lorings forces occupy this position with its depot and reserve at lluntersville. Another part of his command, under General IL H. Jackson, holds a position on the Staunton and Parkersburg turnpike, xvliere it crosses the Alleghany, having its reserve and depot at Mon- terey. You are desired to communicate to him any information of interest to his command. I learn from recent advices believed to be reliable that the enemy is fortifying Charleston, repairing the Gauley bridge, and is advanced seven or eight miles east to the Hawks Nest. His march with 300 infantry to Fayette Court-House was for the pur- pose of releasing some prisoners confined there in jail. General Cox is said to have made himself very acceptable to the inhabitants of Kana- wha Valley by his considerate conduct, amid that he has between 3,000 and 4,000 men at Gauley River. I also learn that the troops that had been sent to Summersville from this line are returning, probably walled by the advance to this point. I have heard of no movement of the enemy as yet threatening the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 8, 1861. Brig. Gen. A. A. CHAPMAN, Nineteenth Brigade Virginia Militia, Union, Monroe County, Va.: GENERAL: In reply to your letter stating that you had called out and embodied 1,500 of the militia of your brigade, I have the honor to suggest that you endeavor, in accordance with the proclamation of the Governor to that effect, to form from them a volunteer regiment or such number of companies as will furnish the juota there called for, This I will furnish a more stable force and relieve the country from much inconvenience. Whatever force may be brought into the field, I desire it to be posted on the Fayette and Raleigh turnpike, at such point a Page 221 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 221 can best guard and watch that approach to the Yirginia and Tennessee Railroad, and to act under the orders of the commanding general in the Kanawha District. It is desired also that notice be sent of any advance against the railroad to the officer commanding such troops as may be at Wytheville or on that line. T am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 8, 1861. Respectfully referred to Brigadier-General Floyd for his information. By command of General Lee: W. H. TAYLOR, [5.] Acting Assistant-Adjutant General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Arbuckle, near Lewisbury, August 8, 1861. Col. G. C. WHARTON: SIR: I hope you will hasten up with all convenient speed. The enemy are advancing upon us rapidly and in large force. We are with- out arms for many of our people, and are extremely scarce of ammu- nition. I hope you have brought on both, and will be able to join us at once. The enemy are certainly within thirty miles of us with a force of at least 5,000 men with two batteries of artillery in addition, to which they have another supporting force at the mouth of Gauley of 4,000 men with horse and artillery. We are sixty-odd miles from that point. With a union of these two forces, you observe, it would give them more than three to one of our force, a long odds, considering we have not artillery. Heth is absent and there is not a single field officer with his regiment. All those considerations necessitate the most active and efficient preparations of our peol)le for the coming fight. Very truly, yours, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier. General, C. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Arbucicle, near Lewisburg, August 8, 1861. Captain CASKIE, Blue Sulphur: SIR: If you have not already executed the order given you to obstruct and destroy the road leading to Bowyers Ferry, you will desist from the work and report to me at once the condition of the road as far as you know it. Take good care that all communications from this region of country with the Kanawha Valley be cut off upon all the roads within reach of your command. With this view you will establish vigilant scouts upon all of them. Respectfully, yours, & c., JOHN B. FLOYD, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [5. Page 222 222 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Hon. L. P. WALKER, ELKDALE, CULPEPER, VA., August 9, 1861. Secretary of War: SIR: My wound heals so rapidly that I expect to report for duty at Manassas by the 1st of September. I shall probably have a brigade assigned me, and should it not be incompatible with the good of the service, request that the Second Florida Regiment be attached to my command. Remembering your former kindness, I have unhesitatingly made the above request, and hope, unless urgent reasons exist to tW~ contrary, you will forward the wishes of Col. George T. Ward and myself in the matter. Respectfully, youis, & c., E. KIRBY SMITH, ff5.] Brigadier- General, Provisional Army, Confederate States. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS, No. 57. ( Bethel Church, August 9, 1861. The depredations committed on private property by the troops of this command are so base and cowardly in their character as to throw discredit on all officers, non-commissioned officers, and men who com- pose it. Houses and premises of patriotic citizens who have left their homes and taken up arms in defense of their principles have been vio- lently invaded, instead of being approached with the respect due their gallant owners, an(I been robbed of valuable property, in one case including certificate of bank stock. Carpet-bags and dressing-cases of the wives of these citizens have been broken open and robbed of their contents. Poultry, sheep, hogs, & c., which have been spared by the enemy have been seized upon by our soldiers without the permission of the owners and appropriated. Fields of growing corn belonging to very poor people, but who are true to our cause, have been destroyed by our army, and helpless women and children, whose husbands and fathers are absent in the field, have implored the commanding general with bitter tears to save their crops of corn to prevent starvation to their children and themselves during the approaching winter. The commanding general cannot believe that he is surrounded by his coun- trymen when such statements are made, and made with truth, He can- not believe in the honor, bravery, or common honesty of any under his command who would commit such acts, tolerate them in others, and fail to use, whether private or officer, all the means in his power to bring such offenders to condign punishment. He is happy, however, to say that it is the few and not the many who have brought this disgrace upon the army to the deep injury of our cause, but as the officers and privates front first to last must share this discredit, all are in honor bound to use their utmost exertions to prevent or avenge it. Com- manding officers are therefore ordered to place sentinels over the houses, premises, and fields of all citizens in the vicinity of their camp, and to send out patrols to take up all offenders of whatever regiments, and it is ordered that these offenders be punished by their commanding officers in the most severe and summary manner. Every field officer, captain, lieutenant, non-commissioned officer, and private of this com- mand is called upon and hereby ordered to arrest and bring before their commanding officer any one found guilty of robbing, even to the value of one ear of corn or a chicken, any inhabitant of the country i Page 223 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 223 which this army may be operating. Commanding officers of regiments and companies are held responsible that every possible effort be made by them to prevent and punish these crimes, and to this responsibility they will be strictly held by the general commanding the department. The abuse can be easily corrected if the commissioned officers use ener- getically the power with which they are clothed. This order will be read for two successive days to each regiment and detachment. By order of Brigadier-General Magruder: G. B. COSBY, [~1 Major and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Arbuelde, near Lewisbury, August 9, 18G1. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: DEAR Sin: After a few days close observation in this part of the country, I am quite sure the enemys policy now is to hold all the western portion of the State lying on the Ohio River and as far east- ward as the Cumberland range of mountains. They have at Gauley between 4,000 and 5,000 men, and a like number at Summersville. They are thirty-five miles distant from each other. The interests of all the west imperatively demand that these people shall be driven out across the Ohio, which I think can be done, with the proper manage- inent of the force to be secured in this region. 1 am a few miles west of Lewisburg and fourteen miles west of General Wise. I have deemed it proper, all points fully considered to assume the command of the trool)5 about here. I accor(l~ngly have issued the order, a copy of which I send herewith. One line of policy only should be pursued, and this is the only means by which it can be secured. There is great dis- organization amongst the men under General Wises command, as he told me himself and I hope the conrse I propose will help to remedy the evil. I hope to be speedily able now to make a movement toward the enemy, and I trust the course 1 have taken will meet your appro- bation. I think the inspection I have ordered will result in showing a force sufficiently large with the volunteer militia who will join us for the campaign to enable us to move against them. When we do move it will require great circumspection, attention, aiid tact to mollify the temper and feelings of the people west of here, if half be true of what has reached my ears relative to their present exasperated and excited state of feeling. If the enemy were attacked and driven from Sum- rnersville, Cox at Gauley Bridge would be helpless and at our mercy, and the junction between these forces I think can be prevented by a prompt but quiet movement. Two well-appointed batteries would be of inestimable value to us now. Cant you send them ~ The service we will render if we can get into the field will amply repay everything, I think. If we can dislodge these people from Kanawha Valley our whole force could be turned against the rear of Rosecrans. But of course you will understand all these views perfectly well and can order what is best to be done. With the highest regard, I am, truly, your frieiid, [5.] JOHN B. FLOYD. * See Floyd to Wise, August 9, p. 226 Page 224 224 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, camp Arbucicle, near Lewisburg, August 9, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: Sin: I met at Sweet Springs on my way to Jacksons River an order from General B. E. Lee, changing my direction to this quarter of the country, with directions to hold in check if possible the forces of Gen- eral Cox, advancing from Gauley River and those under General Tyler coming from Summersyille. I have come here accordingly, passing General Wises command at White Sulphur Springs, where he has halted after falling back from Kanawha. The force under Cox an(l Tyler is, as far as I can ascertain, quite formidable. Their combined numbers will, it is confidently asserted, reach 10,000 men, well appointed and strong in field artillery. I think the number exaggerated in all prob- ability. General Wise, I fear, is hardly in condition to render much effi- cient aid with his legion at the present moment. 1 send you a copy of his reply to an inquiry of mine as to the force and arms ready Ihr service. You will see from it also he intimates his action will be governed by orders from General Lee. I have not the least desire to exercise command over any but my own men, but the exact line of authority ought to be clearly defined and definitely settled, so as to give efficiency to the small forces we have in the west. 1 do not understand the relative authority between the State and Confederate officers, which I very macli desire, that I may conform to your directions upon the subject. The enemy are certainly advancing upon this county from Kanawha and from Suminersville. They propose to form a junction at a point thirty miles from this place and then march upon Grecubrier and Monroe Counties. You see from General Wises letter the condition of his coin- mand. My own brigade is decimated with measles. Still if our arms and ammunition were here we would make a good stand with the num- bers fit for duty. Our cavalry are useless for want of arms. Sabers and pistols for 400 men we could get along with. Artillery is indispen- sable to us. The enemy are well supplied with it and we cannot well get along without it. Our people are greatly (lispirited and the enemy much elated by the retrograde movement of General Wise, and every means should be taken with all promptness to restore the confidence of the country. If some authority was given by the Confederate Govern- ment to raise a force of militia under such men as you would designate to command the regiments, an efficient force could be speedily raised amongst the circumjacent counties. But in the umeautime if two well armed and equipped regiments could be sent here from Covington it would be productive of the best consequences. I am quite sure that the country will in a reasonable time raise a sufficient force to defe4md itself and to drive the enemy across the Ohio. With the highest respect, I am, your obedient servant, JOIIN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier-General, C. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, camp Arbucl~1e, near Lewisburg, August 9, 1861. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE: SJR:I directed my course agreeably to your orders to prevent, if possible, the apprehended junction of the forces of General Cox and General Tyler in this county. I am now four P~iles west of Lewisburg, and after close observation and minute inquiry for three days I ant satis * ~ found Page 225 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 225 fled the enemy has no idea for the present of advancing upon Lewisburg. Tyler is at Summersyille with a force not much, if at all, exceeding 2,000 men. fle has, it is said, six pieces of brass field artillery. Cox is at the mouth of Gauley with a force, probably, of near 5,000 men. He is fortifying his position there, and is well supplied with artillery, it is said. There is a good turnpike road between these two commands a distance of thirty miles, along which they are keeping up a brisk intercourse. Twenty-seven wagons laden with supplies were sent last Friday from Gauley to Snmmersville. I think this force of the enemy can be driven from the Kanawha Valley with a little addition to the strength already within reach if it were systemized. In reply to an inquiry made by me of General Wise I received from him the inclosed reply,* which shows his command to be in a very disorganized condition. As promptness is so essential now, I issued to General Wise the inclosed order,t which I hope will meet with yonr approval. I am in bitter need of arms for my cavalry. is it possible for you to supply us with any~ I had written this much when I received your dispatch of the 8th, and to which I will say a few words in reply. I found the whole country in a panic at the retreat of General Wises people, and I determined to move westward far enough to give some feeling of security to them. This I think is accomplished. I went myself Saturday as far as Meadow Bluff, where I met with many people and hear from them the information already detailed. I am now pretty confident the enemy intend for the present only to hold, if they can, the country which they now occupy. Their line of occupation is a pretty good onefrom Gauley to Summersville and northeast toward Rosecraizis. They have good roads, whilst east- ward of them there is an extremely barren and rugged country, through which an advancing foe could be greatly annoyed. Cox has certainly conciliated to a very great extent the people of all the countiy heretofore occupied by our troops. He furnishes bacon, flour, coffee, and sugar at very low prices, and is opening trade by the river to Cincinnati. A strong force from the counties west of New River will be ready and eager to fall upon Coxs flank the moment we press him in front, and if you continue your movements upon iRosecrans I think the northwest will be cleared of the enemy before October. A general movement upon them all along their lines will require more men on their part than they have or can raise to defend their positions. I do not think there is any necessity for regiments to be stationed at Wytheville. Any force which Cox could detach and send in that direction would be cut to pieces before they could reach within fifty miles of any point on the railroad. It would take an extremely powerful force to make good that march, and 25,000 men could be concentrated to meet them at any point on the road before they could accomplish half the march from Kanawha Valley to the railroad. I hope we shall be able with the forces at command not only to occupy fully the enemy in Kanawha, but to dislodge him and turn our face toward the rear of the column now in your front. I am only waiting here for my remaining people to come up and for those heretofore sick with measles to join us. Half of our people have been suffering from this disease, which is still prevailing to a most distress- ing extent among all the more recent volunteers. General Chapmart, I have understood, has disbanded the militia. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier. General, 0. S. Army. Not found. I See Floyd to Wise, August 9, p. 226. 15 II RVOL LI, PT I Page 226 226 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Arbuckle, near Lewisbarg, August 9, iSGi. Maj. Gem H. E. LEE: Siu: I am this far on my march as you ordered, to prevent, if possi- ble, the anticipated junction of the men under General Cox at Gauley Bridge with those under General Tyler. II learn to-day from a source (teemed worthy of credit that General Tyler reached Summersyille some days ago with a force between 4,500 and 5,000 well armed, having two well appointed batteries of field artillery. Coxs force is repre- sented to be about the same. His advance, numbering about 500, encamped near the forks of the road where the junction is to be effected night before last. These circumstances look as if the information about the proposed junction was correct. The town of Lewisburg and the Central Railroad would of course be their great object then. My own force has not yet been fnlly armed. The cavalry, so essential in our service here, is without any arms almost, and I am entirely destitute of artillery. The measles have rendered unfit for duty an extremely large number of men, and some of the companies are still without arms. I send yoa herewith a letter* of General Wise in answer to an inquiry I made of him, which shows the condition of his command. From this exhibit; the prospect is not a very bright one to meet successfully a well equipped force of 8 000 or 10 00 men. I believe the report of their imumbers to be much exaggerated. If 1 had arms for 400 cavalry and 300 infantry I would not hesitate to give them battle. I ordered General Wise to join me at once and march to meet the enemy with our com- biiied forces, but in any event I will advance the moment my entire force and my troops if nece comes up, will with own alone, ssary, resist the junction and meet the march of the enemy in this direction. With the highest respect, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, r5.] Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Arbuckle, near Lewisbury, August 9, 1861. Brigadier-General WISE: Sin: I am sorry to interfere with your plans and arrangements set forth in your communication received this morning, and under any other circumstances certainly would not do so. But I learn from Col- onel Davis and other sources which seem to me to be entitled to credit that General Tyler is advancing and has reached as far as Summersyille on the march in this direction. These people must be met, and if pos- sible stopped in their progress. To do this with a hope of success it becomes necessary for you to bring at once your whole available force to my assistance. With that we may still have time to choose an eligible position at which to fight them, with some fair hope of success. But not an hour is to be lost. Yonr c~1umn should march tomorrow and proceed with all possible dispatch until you reach my command. Your infantry should have at least forty rounds of ammunition issued to them and the artillery as much. 1 have the honor to be, respectfully, yours, & c., JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. Not found Page 227 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 227 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 247. Richmond, Va., August 10, 1861. * * * * * * V. The battalion of Kentucky Volunteers under Maj. B. Anderson will proceed to-morrow evening to Manassas and join the other compa- iiies from that State now serving with the Army of the Potomac. VI. The five companies from Georgia commanded, respectively, by Capts. L. C. Korwood, John H. Ivey, E. M. Seago, H. J. Smith, and Michael Lynch will proceed to Manassas on Monday evening, the 12th instant, and join the other battalion from that State, lately under the command of Lient. Col. W. ID. Smith. The ten companies will then constitute a regiment, to be commanded by Col. W. D. Smith, the other field officers to be appointed hereafter. By order: GEO. IDEAS, [5] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, August 10, 1861. General G. T. BEAUREGARD, Commanding Army oJ the Potomac: GENERAL: I have the honor, accordin g to your instructions, to report what orders I transmitted for you on July 21. Between 7 and S a. m. 1 was instructed to lead a Mississippi regiment, under Colonel Barksdale, to McLeans farm, and post them in the woods in rear of Blackburns Ford, and report it to General Longstreet as a reserve. You also directed me that after accomplishing the first to inform Colonel Early not to advance if he had received orders to that effect, but to await a second order. Colonel Early I met at General Longstreet~s headquarters and delivered my orders. I then returned and reported myself to you. Later in the day and after the battle you directed me to lead into Camp Pickens two regiments, one Mississippi and one Tennessee, also a bat- tery of artillery. After doing so I returned to meet you at your head- quarters, Manassas. The above I respectfully submit for your information. Respectfully, your obedient servant, JOS. HEYWARD, [5.] Aide-de Camp. CAMP AT MEADOW BLUFF, August 10, 1861. General FLO~TD: SIR: I have the honor to report my present force inadequate to exe- cute your order to cut off communications with the Kanawha Valley. I take this occasion to report the results of yesterdays scout. The enemy have suddenly evacuated the country this side of the Gauley bridge. He still has a movable column holding Fayette (beyond the river) in subjection. His suddenly hauling cannon up on the heights behind him, commanding those on this side, shows that he expects an attack from us. Tylers column is about Snmmersvi]le,in ~ icholas. Citizens of that county reported last night that a mounted force were reconnoitering the Wilderness road leading to my rear. They were said to be 200 to 250. Your obedient servant, J. LUCIUS DAVIS, Colonel, C. S. Army. No better writing material at present can be had. The general will please excuse the deficiency. [5.] J. LUCIUS DAVIS Page 228 228 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII Hon. JEFFERSON DAVIS, ATLANTA, GA., August 11, 1861. President: Two companies of Colonel Bennings regiment left here to-night for Lynchburg. Rest to-morrow and next day. H. C. WAYNE, [5.] Adjutant- ~eueraI. MANASSAS, August 11, 1861. MY DEAR BLEDSOE: General Johnston informs me he has lately expressed as emphatically as lie could in his communications with the Department his sense of a great need here for not less than donbie the present supply of artillery. This exactly accords with what J repre- sented to the President and told yourself. In view of the fact and of the difficulties in the way of having carriages, & c., gotten ready in suf- ficient quantity and with requisite speed, I am more than ever satisfied that one of the first desiderata now for our success is a fit man in Itich- mond to preside over this definite work and give it his whole time. Pray submit it at once to the Secretary of War and to the President. Let the best man at once be had and at work. Something was said between us about my doing it. My choice is indifferent; for the best in my power I am ready to serve in any fit place, while on many accounts I prefer being with what has been my company and what I wish to make a battalion. The detail should of course be independent of any personal consideration; but pray ask the Secretary to have it promptly made in view of the exigency. As ever, your friend, W. N. PENDLETON, [6.] Colonel, ctc., Chief of Artillery, Army of the Potomac. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS MONTEREY LINE, No. 65. ( NORTHWEST ARMY, August 11, 1861. Capt. George Jackson, with his cavalry, will keep the country well scouted in the direction of Petersburg. He will frequently send scout- ing parties as far as that place, and will make regular reports to the officer commanding at this post. The latter officer will see to the thor- ough execution of this order. By command of Brig. Gen. II. II. Jackson commanding: [~1 MEADOW BLUFF, August 11, 1861. General FLOYD: SIR: I have the honor to report no material change in the enemys position. More recent scouts indicate a somewhat less number at Sum- mersville, but the admitted fact that they have six or eight cannoti there shows the presence of a pretty large force. They hold all the ferries, show little symptom of attacking us, but are very active in the work of denioralizing the people and crushing out secessionism. I send Colonel Croghans last letter as throwing some light on the enerays movements. Your obedient servant, J. LUCIUS DAVIS, (Jolonel First Regiment Wise Legion. [5. Page 229 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 229 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 248. 5 Richmond, Va., August 12, 1861. * * * * * * * IV. On the arrival of Capt. F. Blodget, Jr.s, company of Georgia Volunteers at the headquarters of the Army of the Potomac, it will, by the commanding general of that army, be equipj)ed as light artillery to the extent of the means at his disposal. Any (leficiencies will be made good by a timely requisition on the Department in this city. By order: GEO. PEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC, Manassas, Va., August [13 ?], 1861. (Received 14th.) General SAMUEL COOPER, Adjutant- General C. S. Army, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: May I request you to send me as soon as practicable a general officer, or even colonel with a military education and some practice, to command the Louisiana brigade, which otherwise will never be able to accomplish anything. I have already applied for one or two officers for that position, but they could not be had. The last one I applied for as colonel of Provisional Army C. S. was Col. H. C. W. Radford, of the Virginia cavalry, formerly of the U. S. dragoons. No answer has yet been received. I also applied for Licut. Col. W. II. Jenifer, Provisional Army of Virginia, to be made lieutenant-colonel of the Provisional Army C. S., so that he might take the command of my cavalry in Colonel Hadrords place. I regret to have to report an unusual amount of sickness in this army corpsas much as 50 per cent. in the First Brigade (Bonhams). 1 must request to be informed also as to the relative rank of the brigadier-generals under my com- mand. I remain, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD, General, Commanding. P. S.Can it not be so arranged as to make General Longstreet second in command? [5.] HEADQUARTERS MEADOW BLUFF, August 13, 1861. General J. B. FLOYD: SIR: I have the honor to ask your attention to the report of the bearer. Nothing new is offered except an increase of scouts toward Bowyers Ferry, our spies having reported a Federal party there mena- cing the flank of our scouting parties. It is highly important that I should receive re-enforcements that our weary men may have an oppor- tunity for rest and drill. The water will be so high for eight or ten days that the enemy in posse~sion of all the ferries can strike when they dare, while we can only watch. Your obedient servant, J. LUCIUS DAVIS, Colonel First Regiment Wise Legion. [5. Page 230 230 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 249. 5 Richmond, Va., August 13, 1861. * * * * * * III. Capt. J. T. Rossers company will proceed, as soon as transpor- tation can be provided, to the White Sulphur Springs and join the army under Brig. Gen. 11. A. Wise. LV. The Daniel Boone Rifles, under Capt. Albert Covington, will proceed, as soon as transportation can be provided, to Manaskas and join the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * By or(ler: GEO. DEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND A General J. E. JOHNSTON, utilust 13, 1861. Commanding ]Jilianassas, Va.: Your communication of the 7th instant in relation to field artillery has been submitted to the chief of ordnance, and returned to this office with the following indorseinent: Iron 12-pounder howitzers are being cast both here and at Rome, Ga. There will I hear be no lack of field artillery. Harness is now being made at various points throughout the Confederacy. I am, sir, very respectfully, & c., R. H. CHILTON, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, General G. T. BEAUREGARD, Richmond, August 13, 1861. JJlianassas: SIR: You are hereby informed that the President, by and with the advice of Congress, has appointed you a general (to take effect July 21, 1861) in the Army of the Confederate States. You are requested to signify your acceptance or non-acceptance of said appoititment; and should you accept, you will sign before a magistrate the oath of office herewith and forward the same with your letter of acceptance to this Department. L. P. WALKER, [5.] & cretary of War. UNION, MONROE COUNTY, VA., Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE, August 13, 1861. Valley ]Jfountain: GENERAL: Your letter of the 8th has only now been received and I have the honor in reply to say that General Floyd, having moved his brigade west of Lewisburg, and receiving from a reliable scout in the county of Fayette information that the enemy which lately occupied Fayetteville had fallen back and united with the enemys forces on the north side of the Kanawha, at Ganley, I deemed the further service of the militia called out by me unnecessary at the present and directe Page 231 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 231 tbeir discharge, with instructions to hold themselves in readiness to answer a call at an hours notice. I regret to say that a strong spirit of insubordination prevailed in three of the six regiments, and 1 am satisfied that a regiment of volunteers cannot be organized for twelve- months service without a resort to a draft, and my brigade will have to furnish about 1,200 to make up her quota of 10 per centam of the white population. I am in hopes that an order for the draft may be issued at a very early day. I have receive(I 1,500 muskets and ammunition from the Government, and in the event that the enemy shall move up on the Raleigh and Fayette turnpike, I will have the militia embodied immediately and make every resistance possible. The roads can be easily blocliaded and the advance of the enemy checked until re-enforce- ments could arrive. I am still of the opinion that the enemy will miot attempt to approach to the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad on the south side of New River. I will inform you, general, by express of any important move of the enemy in this direction. Your obedient servant, A. A. CHAPMAN, Brigadier- General, Nineteenth Brigade Virginia Militia. Llndorsernent.] HEADQUARTERS VALLEY MOUNTAIN, August 21, 1861. Respectfully referred to General Floyd for his consideration, who is desired to endeavor to raise volunteer regiments from the loyal citizens south of New River and to arm theni with the muskets sent from Rich- mond to General Chapman. Aid from the militia seems to be uncertain. B. E. LEE, [~.1 General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 250. Richmond, Va., August Ii, 1861. I. The Daniel Boone Rifles, now under orders to join the Army of the Potomac, are assigned to duty with Colonel Wigfalls Texas battal- ion, serving with that army. II. The Second Georgia Reginient, Col. P. J. Semmes, will proceed on Friday, the 16th instant, to join the brigade of Brigadier-General Toombs, serving with the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * * VII. The orders heretofore given for the movement of Col. M. S. Stokes regiment of North Carolina Volunteers to the Army of the Potomac are countermanded. That regiment will proceed at an early hour to-morrow to Aquia Creek and report to Brigadier-General Holmes. Viii. The Second Georgia Regiment, Col. P. J. Semumes, instead of proceeding to the Army of the Potoruac as directed to-day, will as soon as transportation can be furnished move to Aquia Creek and join the army under General Holmes. IX. Captain Andrews company of light artillery will proceed by railroad to Aquia Creek as soon as possible, and report to Brigadier- General Holmes. * * * * * * * By order: G-EO. DEAS, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 232 232 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain A General JOHN B. FLOYD, , ugust 14, 1861. Commanding Army of Kanawha, Camp near Lewisbury, Va.: GENERAL: I have received your letter of the 12th inclosing orders assuming command of the troops operating in Kanawha Valley, and a letter of General Wises of the 8th as to the condition of his command. Your prompt advance will cheek the operations of the enemy and give time for General Wises brigade to refit and join you, and will give courage to the people of the valley. I hope when all your forces are united you will be able to drive back the invaders. I am glad to hear that so large a force can be concentrated south of the Kanawha to oppose any attempt against the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad. From reports received from General Chapman and Colonel Beckley, I feared but little opposition could be brought against such a move- ment, and therefore endeavored to gather a force at Wytheville. I had written to General Chapman to endeavor to forni volunteer com- panies from the militia called into service, agreeably to the tenor of the proclamation of the Governor of the 19th ultimo. I understand that he has received from Richmond 1,500 flint-lock muskets with which they can be armed. Colonel Beckley in June last was author- ized to raise a volunteer regiment, in which I fear he has made but lit- tle progress. A copy of my letter to him of the 8th is inclosed. I desire you to organize into regiments such volunteer companies as can be formed, place them under such officers as are available until their regular field officers can be appointed, and give them such directions as the service may require. Please report to me the progress made in their organization, their condition, and equipment; and also the names of all the field officers of your command, the regiments to which they are assigned, and deficiencies in their number, so that the latter may be supplied. I have not yet heard whether your third regiment has joined your brigade. With the force you may command south of the Kanawha a material diversion can be made on the enemys right, and while threatening his center a successful attack might be made on his left. The movement on this line has drawn large re-enforcements fromn Sum- mersville and Snttonsville, which will lighten your operations. The constant rains which have occurred the past fortnight have rendered the roads almost impassable, which has paralyzed operations in this quarter for the present. I have thought it probable that the extension of the enemys force was intended to influence the elections in favor of the Peirpoint government. They will the more easily be dispersed. I regret to inform you that I have not a single cavalry arm for distribu- tion. I have requested some portable forges to be forwarded to your command from Richmond. A letter from General Wise just received states that he is making good progress in organizing his command, and that the strength and condition of his troops are daily imnproving. He will join you as soon as possible and before he receives all his equip- ment, and give the most hearty and zealous co-operation in repulsing the enemy. I believe it was the intention of the President that the separate organization of his legion or brigade should be maintained and it is unnecessary to state that it will only be necessary for your orders regulating its movements to be communicated to him. TIme troops serving with his legion can be continued or detached as the service may require. I have the honor to be, with high respect, your obedient servant, II. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding Page 233 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 233 MARION, SMYTH COUNTY, VA., August 14, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States: DEAR SIR: I feel it to he my duty and my privilege, as a citizen inter- ested alike with you in the defense of my State aild of the South, to direct your attention to a point of attack and defense of peculiar interest and importance at this moment. The valleys of the Kanawha, New Itiver, and Greenbrier are to be overrun and occupied by the enemy iniless opposed and repelled by an adequate forces You are doubtless in possession of more accurate information than I am in reference to the forces of the enemy now occupying the valley of the Great Kanawha and of the forces nuder Generals Floyd and Wise in the Greenbrier Valley sent to oppose them. But if my information be correct our forces are less than those of the enemy and require re-enforcement as promptly as possible. They have not only to check the advance of the enemy, but ought to be strong enough to drive them from Virginia and to cut them to pieces in their retreat. Wises legion and Floyds brigade will do all that the same number of men can do to drive back and crush out an invading foe, but they ought to have force sufficient, if practi- c~~ble,to advance at once into the Kanawha Valley aiid drive back and overwhelm the invaders before they, too, are re-enforced. I know that other points equally demand your attention, and that all are guarded with vigilance and energy. Permit me to say that the history of the world affords no example of the assembling of such an army in so short a time as you have concentrated and are now strengthening in Virginia. When General Lee was appointed to the command of the Virginia forces our military system was in a complete state of disorder and confusion. I felt relieved by his appointment of a painful dread of the consequences of such disorganization, and that we had a military head capable of restoring order and system and of giving efficiency to the uprisings of our peol)le. He has not disappointed public expectation. But the great measure of strength and security to the South was the permanent union of Virginia with the Confederate States. Had she faltered, as Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri have done, and as even North Caro- lina, Tennessee, and Arkansas had done till she seceded, fearful and unequal would have been the contest. The secession of Virginia and her union with the Confederate States, if not the turning point in the destiny of the South, at least interposed her as the battle-ground between the North and the South. The South has not been unmindful of the obligation to come to her defense. For months her troops under your command have I)oured into Virginia daily. Thousands have passed and are daily passing along the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad. The iml)ortance of this road to the South as a military road for the trans- portation of men and supplies cannot be overestimated. This road may be imperiled, perhaps destroyed, if the enemy be l)ermitted to make farther advances up New River or the Grecubrier. They are in eighty miles of New River bridge. That ought to be guarded. Its destruc- tion would greatly impede your operations. I look upon this road as the salvation of the South. In the possession of the enemy our com- munications with the west and south would be cut off. Besides, salt is an article of prime necessity to the Army and to the country. The enemy is in possession of Kanawha Salt-Works. Goose Creek Salt- Works, in Kentucky, will be of no advantage to the South. The salt- works in Smyth and Washington are the only manufactories of salt to which we can look. If the enemy should reach this region they would occupy that property. These considerations alone would justify larg Page 234 234 MD., E. N. C., PA.., VA.~ EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. re-enforcements to General Floyd. Others of perhaps more national iml)ortanCe make prompt measures for his re-enforcement imperative. The obvious policy of the Northern Government is to dismember Vir- ginia by the line of the Alleghanies or Blue Ridge and to exterminate slavery west of that line, and to subjugate or exterminate the inhabit- ants. Having accomplished that, their plan is to continue their encroachments southward. They hope to hold Maryland, Western Vir- ginia, Kentucky, and Missouri by conquest, even if the independence of the Southern Confederacy shall be maintained. The maintenance intact of the integrity of the Southern States is essential to the perma- nent security of our property and independence. My interest in a cause so dear to you and to every true Southern man will excuse the liberty I take of venturimig suggestions of the necessity of re enforcing a column of our Army which I know you look to with interest and anxiety. Besides, the men of Floyds brigade are chiefly from this portion of the State, many of them my friends, and two of them the only male mem- bers of my family. With high regard, I am, yours, truly, [5.] JAMES W. SHEFFEY. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. ANI) INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 251. Richmond, Va., August 15, 1861. * * * * * * * V. The Twelfth Regiment North Carolina Volunteers, Col. J. J. Pet- tigrew, will proceed to Aquia Creek and report to Brigadier-General Holmes. The regiment will move as soon as transportation is ready. VI. The Louisiana regiment of volunteers under Colonel Marigny will proceed to Yorktown and report to Brigadier-General Magruder. VII. Captain Guys battery of light artillery will be prepared for the field immediately, and as soon as transportation can be furnished will proceed to Western Virginia and report to Brigadier-General Floyd. By order: GEG. PEAS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. LYNCHBURG, August 15, 1861. his Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS: SIR: I am here with a battalion of riflemen and one squadron of cavalry. The other squadron will arrive to-morrow, and a company of infantry in a few days. I have reported to Major Clay. WILLIAM PHILLIPS. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp six Miles west of Meadow Bluff, August 15, 1861. Lient. Col. ST. GEORGE CROGHAN, First Cavalry: SIR: You will, at as early an hour as practicable in the morning, join me in my march from this point to meet the enemy advancing from the Kanawha Valley. You will take care to have the same order published to any troops of the Wise Legion that may be at or in the vicinity o Page 235 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 235 Meadow Bluff. This is extremely important, as our pickets have had a skirmish with the advance guard of the enemy four miles from this point. Your obedient servant. JOHN B. FLOYD, [5. J Brigadier- General, Commanding. CAMP AT THE FOOT OF SEWELL, Twelve Miles from Meadow Bluff, August 15, 1861. Brigadier-General FLOYD: 1 have the honor to report to you that I pursued the old State road leading to Bowyers Ferry, by order of Colonel Davis, four miles beyond the top of Big Sewell, and within eight miles of the ferry. I there received information from our scouts that there are no Federal troops on this side of Bowyers Ferry. I returned with my command to this point, blockading the road at several places on Big Sewell by felling of large timber, & c., making it impassable for wagons until removed. I have scouts extending to the top of Big Sewell now, who will report should anything of importance occur. My object in reporting to you is to know whether I shall remain at this point and keep this road guarded, or go to some other poitit. I have thirty men of my own company under my command. I will await orders at this place, should I hear of no enemy, an(l if I hear of any on this road I will meet them, find their strength, and report to you. Please give me instructions by the bearer. lam, with high regard, your obedient servant, JNO. P. BROCK, Captain Valley B4ngers. N. 13.i will be pleased to hear from you in regard to my note to you of date instant. 5.] J. P. B. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF KANAWHA, Camp Arbucicle, near Lewisburg, August 15,. 1861. Brig. Gem JOHN B. FLOYD: SIR: I proceeded in the direction indicated by you, for the purpose of ascertaining the forces of the enemy at Summersville, and from the best information I could obtain, and which I considered reliable, their forces there are about 2,200; they have six small pieces of cannon at Summersyille. I also ascertained that there were about 250 men at Sutton, a considerable number of whom are sick; they have one small cannon. Major Reynolds and the two other gentlemen who accom- panied me kept on for the purpose of obtaining further information. The above is all the information I could obtain. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, [5.] W. II. GRAPES. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 252. Richmond, Va., August 16, 1861. * * * * * * X. The three companies of Yirginia infantry at Fredericksbnrg, commanded by Captains Chandler, Braxton, and Parrish, and th Page 236 236 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Maryland Zouaves, are assigned to Colonel Richardsons regiment, the Forty-seventh, and the four companies of that regimnemit at Fort Larry will be detached and formed into a separate battalion, to be com- manded by Maj. W. N. Ward. By order: GEG. DEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, Au gust 16, 1861. General J. E. JOIIN~TON, Commanding, Manassas, Th.: SIR: Your communication of 11th instant is received, and in reply I have the honor to state that hereafter all troops ordered to your com- mand will be armed before being sent forward to you. I am, sir, very respectfully, & c., R. H. CHILTON, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JN~P. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 252. Richmond Va., August 16, 1861. I. The Tom Watts Rebels, Captain Prices Alabama Volunteers, will proceed to Manassas as soon as transportation can be furnished, and join the Twelfth Alabama Regiment, Col. R. T. Joiies commanding. * * * * * * * V. Capt. Thomas Taylors company, the Congaree Troop, of Hamp- tons Legion, South Carolina Volunteers, will march as soon as possible to Manassas and join their legion, serving with the Army of the Poto- mac. rfhe quartermasters department will furnish the necessary trans- portation for their baggage. * * * * * * * VII. Captain Flournoys company of cavalry, Virginia Volunteers, will march as soon as possible to Ashland and report to Colonel Field, commanding at that post. * * * * * * * IX. Maj. John E. Johnson, Virginia cavalry, is assigned to the command of the cavalry companies serving with the army nuder Briga- dier-General Holmes, to whom he will report in person as soon as he is relieved in his present duties. * * * * * * * GEO. DENS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. CAMP ON SEWELL MOUNTAiIN, August 16, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: DEAR SIR: The retreat of General Wise from Kauawha has been every way productive of the worst results. It has dispirited our peo- ple and encouraged above all things the enemies of the Confederacy. The policy governing his action whilst there aggravates alike friend and foe. His retreat has been turned by General Cox to the greatest advantage. He is conciliating the whole population with great skill. But General Wises retreat operates most injuriously on his own view Page 237 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 237 of what should be the proper line of policy for the future in Kanawlia Valley. He cannot heartily or scarcely at all agree to any action which seem& ~ to be contrary to his own whilst there. To light the enemy, particularly with increased numbers, on the ground over which he has retreated before inferior numbers would seem to acknowledge the retreat itself to be a blunder, or to enter the valley without a fight would be the strongest possible condemnation of the retreat. But to remain in quarters at the White Sulphur, with the whole northwestern portion of the State blazing with civil war, is what is not long to be endured. I have taken command formally, but his unwillingness to co-operate in a total change of his own policy is so great that it amounts practically almost to open opposition. Of course you must understand that I do not in the least regard this unwilling compliance of the general. I know perfectly well how to enforce obedience, and will, without the least hesitation, do it. There is no danger of a rup- ture between us, I think, but it would be far better to observe a certain and cordial co-operation amongst commands in the Kanawba Valley. Wise would serve zealously and cheerfully under General Lee, and more so with any one than with me. If General Wises legion was ordered to join General Lee as soon as a well-appointed equal force could be sent to replace them with me, the greatest good would result from it. The force to replace Wise should, if possible, come from Ken- tucky. I think it could be made to tell beneficially npon the northern part of that State. I am forty miles west of the White Sulphur Springs, with an inadequate force. My own regiments are now scarcely half their strength from measles. Wise sends me his very grudgingly. My whole force with Wises will not exceed 3,000, I think. But every consideration demands that we shall light the invading troops when- ever we shall meet them, which will probably be in a very few days. Our scouts, under Colonel Heth, had a skirmish with the enemy~s scouts yesterday, and so had those under Col. J. L. Davis. The enemy is supposed to be in force about fifteen miles from this point, advancing upon Lewisburg. I doubt their numbers and their intention both at this time, but from a captured dispatch of Colonel Tyler to General Rosecrans (a copy* of which I send you), their plan certainly was to attack Lewisburg. The enemy, if they come as it is reported, will meet us within ten miles of the spot, in the midst of the most sterile and mountainous regions of the State. They are very actively engaged organizing the Peirpoint government. I will advance as best I can to the Ohio River, and with a good force of 5,000 or 6,000 men, under willing, efficient officers, I think the enemy can be driven out and that region be restored to the State. At present the confusion and disaffec- tion there exceed anything imaginable. 1 will not trouble you with anything more pertaining to the force here, but hope a short time will develop clearly enough the policy best to be adopted to regulate the forces. With the highest regard, I am, very truly, your friend, [~~I JOHN B. FLOYI). SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS MONTEREY LINE, ~ ORTHWESTERN ARMY, No. 78. ) Ureenbrier River, August 16, 1861. Colommel Taliaferro will advance to this point as early to-morrow morn- ing as practicable with the Twenty-third and Thirty-seventh Regiments * Not found Page 238 238 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL Virgiuia Volunteers, a lid Major iRegers coinmand,leaving behind all of his officers and meu who are not reported for duty, bringiug with him four days rations, if he has so much on hand; if not, bringing all that he has, with a full supply of ammunition. By command of Brig. Gen. H. H. Jackson, commanding: GAIRNETT ANDREWS, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. FREDERICKSBURG, August 17, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President, & c.: 1)EAR SIR: I have heretofore presnmed to address you on subjects of grave importance to our glorious cause, and I hope 1 shall now be excused for a few suggestions which at this time seem to me to be proper and well-timed. Having been here in the vicinity of the Poto- mac for some days, I have heard it hinted (with what truth I do imot know) that we are preparing an outfit for an expedition into Maryland at some point opposite or nearly opposite Aquia Creek, Mathias Poiut, or some point on the Lower Potomac. Now, sir, allow me to say that such an experiment, iu my judgment, would be hazardous in the extreme. Suppose we should succeed in throwing 5,000 or 10,000 men (which is very doubtful) into Maryland by that route, what, then, would follow? I know that in that event we would count largely on assist- ance from the Marylanders themselves, but we must remember that they are divided, and that those who are with us are very far from being organized and armed in a manner to make themselves felt. Now, what would we do in such a strait as that? We could not return to our own shore, and if pressed by the enemy, as we would be, we would either have to fight until the last maim was killed, or surrender, which would be as bad. But there is a way in which Maryland may be occu- pied at a very moderate expense of life, an(l that way is by the Upper Potomac. There the stream is narrow and there are no formidable difficulties. It may be approached by us almost anywhere, and if nec- essary we could even bridge it in a short time. But that would not be necessary, as we could establish a line of ferries for fifteen or twenty miles along its banks that would answer every purpose. The grand point is first to gain a foothold at some one place ou the Maryland side arind all the b8lance will soon follow. What of General Banks? He is a mere cobweb in our way. We can fight him if we choose, or we can let him alone if we choose, and still make our landing good on the Maryland side. If we decide to fight him we can choose our own way of doing it. We can either take him iii the front, or rear, or flank, just as we may conclude to be best; but the main point is first to get onto Maryland soil. To do this successfully we must prepare the timbers for our ferries at a short distance from the river, within our lines, and haul them to the river and put them together. This caution is neces- sary to keep the enemy from knowing what is going on. In the mean- time it will be necessary to greatly extend our lines and forbid all citizens from entering them. At the same time it will be necessary to administer aim oath to each one of our men and officers that they will not disclose to any one at all what is going on in our camps. This is the only way by which tIme enemy can be kept entirely ignorant of our movements. In the meantime we might make some slight demonstra- tions at some other point to deceive him and mask from him our real plans. Add to all of this a rapid increase of numbers and the greates Page 239 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 239 vigilance and activi fy everywhere, and in six weeks time we will be prepared for off~nsive operations. With an additional apology, and with the further suggestion that we must be very cautious not to approach the Potomac until we are ready to put our timbers together, I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, [5.] J. MONTGOMERY PETERS. HEADQUARTERS l)ivisiox VIRGINIA FORCES, Richmond, August 17, 1861. [Gen. H. E. LEE:] GENERAL: The command of Camp Lee having beeii taken from me, and the other camps most seriously interfered with, so as that it is evi- dent that I am not recognized with the full rights of a commanding officer, I most respectfully desire that I may be relieved from the order placing me in command of the troops in and about Richmond and be directed to await orders either here or at Winchester or Staunton. The withdrawal of the troops at Camp Lee reduces the forces to a mere trifle, and I am sure I can do no good by rein aining in charge. Colonel Dimnmock could with perfect ease command the other camps in addition to his present troops. I have made application for relief to Governor Letcher, but he says he has parte(l with the power, and the Confeder- ate authorities have repudiated me altogether. I will thank you to let me have the order immediately. With respect, your obedient servant, TH. T. FAUNTLEROY, Brigadier- General, Provisional Army of Virginia, Commanding. [5.] HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 17, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of Kanawha, Lewisb urg, Va.: GENERAL: From reports received from General Wise and Colonel Tompkins, 1 am led to believe that the volunteer regiments under corn- inand of the latter are peculiarly destitute of tents, clothing, equip- ments, & c. Should this be the case, I have to ask your attention to their condition and wants, and if possible, without detriment to the service, that they be provided before being again brought into the field. I would also suggest the propriety, should there be no overruling rea- son to the contrary, of allowing these regiments to serve together under the command of Colonel Tompkins. They were principally organized under the direction of Colonel Tompkins, an(l it may serve to promote their contentment and efticiency by retaining them under his command. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, H. E. LEE, [5.] Commanding General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 253. Richmond, Va., August 17, 1861. * * * * * * * V. The troop of Mississippi horse under Capt. W. T. Martin, now at Ashland, will march as soon as possible to Manassas and join th Page 240 240 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S W., & W. VA. CHAP. LXHL Army of the Potomac. The quartermasters department will provide transportation for ~ heir baggage. * * * * * * * By order: GEG. flEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, August 17, 1861. General J. E. JOHNSTON, Commanding, & c., ]Ilianassas: GENERAL: The Secretary of War directs that your attention be called to the fact that no reports of the battle of Manassas have been forwarded to this office, and to state that before this it was contemplated that full reports would have been received respecting that engagement and its results. In consequence of the absence of snch reports the Secretary is unable to meet the wishes of Congress, expressed in a resolution calling for all reports of the different engagements whicli have taken place since its adjournment at Montgomery. I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Tyrees, August 17, 1861. Colonel MCPHERSON: SIR: In reply to your dispatch, I beg to assure yon that the force you propose to send against the enemy from your regiment will be most acceptable. Bring them forward with all speed. The information received to-day, if reliable, is that the enemy are advancing in large numbers and are about twelve miles in advance of us, so promptness ou your part is very important, as not much time can elapse before an gagemen t. Very resj)ectfully, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Aniiy of the Kanawha. RICHMOND Au General R. C. GATLIN, , gust 19, 1861. Wilmington, N. C.: You have beeii appointed a brigadier-general of Provisional Army in the C. S. service. Your appointment will be forwarded by mail. You will immediately assume command of all the North Carolina forces on the coast of that State. S. COOPER, [~1 At~jutant and Inspector General. NEW ORLEANS, August 19, 1861. L. P. WALKER: Please send somewhere the Second Regiment of what was the Polish Brigade. They are depredating on the citizens, burning houses, & c. D. E. TWIGGS Page 241 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 241 AUGUST 19, 1861. His Excellency President DAvis: SIR: I have called on behalf of several gentlenien from the Eastern Shore of Virginia, to d you the accompanying memorial, and to ask you to be good enough to indicate an early day when they may receive your reply. It being after office hours I hand the memorial to the doorkeeper with this note, and will do myself the honor of calling again to-morrow. I have tbe honor to be, yonr most obedient servant, WILLIAM T. JOYNES. RIcHMOND, August 19, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States: Mr. PRESIDENT: The nndersigned, commissioners from the Eastern Shore of Virginia, aware of the imminent danger which threatens that exposed bnt loyal people, and deeply convinced of the great importance, not only to their own interests and safety, but also to the interests and honor of the Confederate Government, of defending that peninsula., contiguous as it is to several large and popnlous counties of Maryland, a majority of whose inhabitants are loyal to the Southern cause, and commanding the outlet of the waters of the Chesapeake, besides l)os- sessing a large and important trade aiid great domestic wealth, do most respectfully but urgently ask the attention of Your Excellency to the following memorial, which we are commissioned by our people to pre- sent to Your Excellency: The people of that peninsula, isolated from their fellow-citizens, are without military organization, in great measure without arms or any means of defense against an enemy, who from the waters of the Chesa- peake, commanded by the blockading force at Fort Monroe, constantly threatens their shores, and who has already twice essayed invasion by an armed fleet, each time inflicting damage and threatening the lives and property of the people, aiid it is greatly feared, especially since they have been excluded by General Magruder from the greater portion of the western peninsula, that that peninsula (the Eastern Shore) may be made the source of the enemys supl)lies, and by a force, it may be, marching (lown tin-ough Eastern Maryland, and overawing those coun- ties of that State, be at least occupied as winter quarters, if not per- manently possessed by the enemy, who cannot fail to be aware of the great importance of the position; while, on the other hand, it is believed that if it could be even for a time successfully defended these popu- lous and, to us, loyal counties of Maryland would furnish soldiers by hundreds flocking to our standard there, and would welcome our arms as the means of their own liberation. Your petitioners further represent that exposed as they are, along the whole line of their coast, to attack at any moment, the people of these counties hesitate to volunteer unless they can have assurance of sympathy and aid from their Government, and an officer to command them whose military experience should give promise of an efficient organization to their otherwise undisciplined troops; but it is believed, without any doubt, by your petitioners, that should such an officer be assigned to their command, a brigade of at least two regiments of vol- unteers could be immediately organized in that peninsula alone. A partial supply of arms is already in the possession of the people, and it is hoped Governor Letchier may be enabled to increase the imumber. 16 U UVOL LI, PT I Page 242 242 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Ordnance and ammunition in abundance have been either furnished already or promised them by the Government, and it only requires that a proper officer should be assigned to take command of operations and organize at once a system of discipline and defense. Such an officer your petitioners, in view of the importance of the interests to be either lost or defended, earnestly ask Your Excellency to assign to the defense of that peninsula, and in view of the difficulty of communication and the danger of delay we ask Your Excellencys attention at once to our petition and an early reply. Beyond this, and besides the volunteer officers which the peninsula would itself be able to furnish, there would be needed a captain of artillery for a light battery already on the Eastern Shore, and for instructor in the use of heavy pieces to be mounted in battery at assailable points, and an engineer officer for the erection of the necessary works of defense, & c. Both of these your petitioners are happy to believe they are able to designate to Your Excellency; both natives of the Eastern Shore itseW and anxious to aid in its defense; both of unquestionable qualifications, and neither now in the service, though both anxious to enter it. The names of these gentlemen, with the evidences of their fitness, will be preseimted to Your Excellency at once, provided Your Excellency will appoint to the general command such an officer as could organize our defense, without whom, indeed, neither of these gentlemen would accept this service, and our own unaided resistance would be utterly in vain. Hoping that Your Excellency will, in view of the importance of this matter and the difficulty of intercommunication, permit us to receive your answer here and at the earliest (lay, we remain, Your Excellencys obedient servants, Ii. B. WINDER, Capt. and Assistant Quartermaster of Thirty-ninth Virginia Regt. JOHN li. REAl), Z. L. C. WILLIS, 4.] Second Lieutenants, Thirty-ninth Virginia Regiment. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND I~sp. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 255. Richmond, Va., August 19, 1861. * * * * * * * V. The Vicksburg Confederates, Capt. R. C. Green, from Mississippi, as soon as they have received their arms and are equipped for the field will proceed to Manassas and join the Mississippi battalion nuder Lient. Col. W. L. Brandon. * * * * * * * By order: GEO. I)EAS, {5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND TNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 129. . * August 20, 1861. * * * * * XVIII. Brigadier-General Holmes, commanding the Fredericksburg District, will order Colonel Semmes Second Georgia Regiment to pro- ceed to Manassas, Va., and join the brigade of General Toombs, of which it forms a part Page 243 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 243 XIX. Col. W. J. Clarkes Fourteenth [Twenty-fourth] Regiment INortb Carolina Volunteers will proceed on to-morrow to Staunton, Va., and thence to join General iR. E. Lee, near Huntersville. XX. Col. James Canteys Fifteenth Regiment Alabama Volunteers will proceed to Manassas, Va., on the 22d instant and report for duty to General Johnston, commanding. XXI. Colonel Wards Second Regiment Florida Volunteers will pro- ceed to Yorktown, Va., and report for duty to General Magruder, cornmandiuig. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE KANAWHA, Camp Wise, August 20, 1861. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE: Sin: The regiments you speak of are undoubtedly illy provided in clothing and tents. Shoes 1 understand they have. I have not the slightest doubt of their being in better condition every way for the field than they were when making the campaign to and from the Kanawha Valley under General Wise. These regiments are composed of men from the region whither We are going, and they are extremely anxious to move forward; indeed hundreds of them refused to join in the retreat, and remained behind to defend their homes. A very considerable num- ber of these men are ready for service, and for the kind of service to be demanded of them will prove to be invaluable troops. Added to this, the exigencies of the service demand, in my judgLnent, that these regi- ments be moved at once to the field, and I have so ordered peremptorily twice, and before I received yours of the 17th. 1 hope you approve of my course nuder the circumstances. We are advancing toward the enemy, who are said to be within eighteen miles of us. I am unable to form any satisfactory opinion of their numbers. I now suppose their purpose to be to carry out General Rosecrans orders to march upon Lewisburg. I think we can prevent it. With the highest respect, I am, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, No. 13. Camp Preston, August 20, 1861. The Forty-fifth and Fiftieth [Virginia] Regiments, under command of Colonels Henry Heth and A. W. Reynolds, respectively, will leave this camp to-morrow at 4 a. in., and proceed in the direction of Gauley Bridge. The quartermaster of each regiment will have ready all the transportation under his command. The comnuissary of each regimemit will furnish for the march all the provisions on hand. The same order is given the two squadrons of horse under command of Ma~j. F. A. Rey~ nolds, and to the quartermaster and commissary of the same. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WM. B. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant-General, Floyds Brigade. 1~ Page 244 244 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXLIJ. PICKETT~, Augu8t 20, [1861]2 a. rn. Brig. Gen. J. B. FLOYD: SiR: The enemy have 1,500 men stationed between Carnifix Ferry and The Meadows. Two hundred have crossed on this side, but whether more have crossed I cannot ascertain. My information is up to yesterday morning. My scouts have just returiied from both the Saturday and Sunday roads, and have been nearly to their junction, which is not more thall two miles from the ferry. It will be advisable to leave a force at both roads. A company of cavalry and a company of infantry will be amply sufficient to keep any force in check upon those roads if deployed as skirmishers through the woods. The roads are very narrow and easily obstructed. Cavalry can be spared easily for that purpose, as they are not of much value in these mountains. Ii would advise that the cavalry companies you intend to bring on to this point be those armed with sabers, as well as other arms. We may have to charge their guns, and cavalry without sabers for that purpose would be of little avail. None of my cavalry have sabers excepting Captain Pates company, of which I have about twenty-eight men. I ascertained that the enemy stationed at Likens Mill have a piece of artillery stationed in the road. I have carefully examined the country with a view of gettivg to the rear, but find it impracticable with my present force without great loss. I shall hold my present position by passing over the bridge at this place if attacked and taking up the flooring. I write more particularly at this moment to caution you about the Saturday and Sunday roads. Respectfully, ST. GEO. CROGHAN, Lieutenant- Colonel First (lava iry. You need have no apprehension about Chestnutbiirg road, as the bridge was destroyed by the enemy and the road so obstructed that they cannot pass without great difficulty and no little time expended in removing the obstructions~ b that road. , esides, I have a strong picket upon [5.] RICHMOND Au General CHARLES CLARK, , gust 21, 1861. Union City, Tean.: You will proceed to Richmond and await orders here. L. P. WALKER. CAMP SHADY SPRiNG, Maj. Gen. ROBERT E. LEE, August 21, 1861. Commanding-in- Chief: SIR: Having been assigned to special service by General II. A. Wise to direct the operations of a body of militia, partly from my own bri- gade and partly from General Chapmans, with Caskies Troop Rangers, in the loop of New River, embracing all of Raleigh County and part of Fayette County, I have formed a camp of instruction at this place, nine miles south of Raleigh Court-House, and have now a force of abou Page 245 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 245 250 men from Fayette and Raleigh Counties, besides Caskies Rangers, numbering forty-one. While awaiting re-enforcements from Monroe, Giles, and Mercer Counties iii (3-eneral Chapmans brigade, understand- ing there were four companies of volunteers newly organized and offi- cered in the county of Mercer in the vicinity of Princeton, viz, two companies of cavalry, under Capts. Napoleon B. French and William Henderson French, and two companies of infantry nuder Capts. John Peck and John Dunlap, J repaired there with Doctor Stites, my cting surgeon, for the purpose of mustering them into my Thirty fifth Regi- ment and consolidating and preparing them for the field in my camp ot instruction without delay. These captains refused to be mnstered into service, and the militia of Mercer having been called out by General Chapmans order at the same time, they and their nien refused to march with the militia, disobeying the order of the colonel of the militia regi- ment to that effect. I am also informed that there is a company ot infantry fully organized nuder Capt. William P. Cecil and two more companies now brining in the county of Tazewell and one forming in Giles County. General, I ask that you will send me explicit and posi- tive orders for these several companies to repair without delay to my camp of instruction and be mustered into service. These companies are without good drill masters, and will require a good deal of attention to fit them fbr the field, even with the advantages and facilities of a camp of instruction, and the pnblic service, in my opinion, demands that these companies be promptly mustered in the service. As soon as I am re- enforced by the militia from Monroe, Giles, and Mercer Counties, which by a dispatch from General Chapman will take place in a few days, I will advance toward Fayette Court-House and Cotton Hill , scouting, watching closely, and harassing the enemy, and co-operating, as far as the nature of my force will admit, with Gener Is Floyd and Wise. Very res~)ectfully, general, your obedient servant, ALFRED I3ECKLEY, Brigadier- General, and (10 lonel Thirty-fifth Regiment Volunteers. [Indorsernent.] HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 25, iRGI. Respectfully referred to General J. B. Floyd, commanding Army of Kanawba, with copy of reply, who is desired to give such orders as may be necessary in tIme case. R. E. L E, [5.] General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 130. Richmond, August 21, iRGi. * * * * * XII. The undermentioned brigadier-generals of the Provisional Army of the Confederate States are assigned to duty as follows, viz: First, Brig. Gens. Isaac R. Trimble and George B. Crittenden will pro- ceed to Manassas, Va., and report to General J. E. Johnston, com- manding tIme Army of the Potomnac; second, Brig. Gen. Roswell S. Ripley will assume comnmand of the Department of South Carolina and the Coast Defenses of that State; third, Brig. Gens. I)aniel Ruggles and R. Ii. Anderson will proceed to Pensacola, Fla,, and report to Gen- eral Bragg, commanding; fourth, Brig. Gen. Richard C. Gatlin will assume command of the Department of North Carolina and the Coas Page 246 246 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXI1J. Defenses of that State; fifth, Brig. Gen. John B. Grayson will proceed to Florida and assume command of the Department of Middle and Eastern Florida and the Coast Defenses of the same. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHE [CS, [4 and 5. Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS, Yorktown A General S. COOPER, 21, 1861. Adjutant-General C. S. Army, Richmond: SIR: 1 beg to report that the snpply of quinine at this post is about exhausted, and it is absolutely necessary that a supply should be fir- nished, as the amount of sickness is frightful. Repeated requisitions have been made for this article, so necessary in this climate. I am obliged to send the Zonave Battalion to Williamsburg, and the Fifth North Carolina Regiment is scattered through the lower iart of (4lou- cester, with the exception of 190 fit for duty of 1,150 strong. I am informed by the surgeons that there is no quinine in the Zouave Bat- talion, and none to give them. I inclose advertisement showing that 100 ounces are advertised for sale in Richmond, and understand that 10,000 ounces can be bought in New Orleans. Doctor Southgate tele- graphed for 100 ounces for the use of this post, but received no answer. There has been one continual complaint to me from surgeons of the want of a due supply of the medicines necessary to this climate. Ii send Dr. P. E. Hines, chief surgeon of the hospital, to Richmond in the hope that his personal representations may produce some effect upon the medieal department. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. BANKHEAI) MAGRUDER, 4.] Brigadier- (1 enera 1, Commanding. General TWIGGS, RICHMOND, August 22, 1861. New Orleans, La.: Order Second Regiment (called Polish) to this place. Put them tem- porarily under the command of some officer who can control them en route. [5.] L. P. WALKER. LEwLSBURG, VA., August 22, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States: DEAR SIR: It was my purpose, as it would have been my pleasure, to have done myself the honor of calling on you on a late business trip to Richmond, through the personal introduction proposed by Mr. Will- iam H. Macfarland. Official engagements on his part interposed at the appointed time, hence the omission to do so. I make no doubt your time is overtaxed with many unknown correspondents, and it is with diffidence and becoming reluctance that I presume to address you. Providence has so far so auspiciously given success to Southern arms drawn for Southern defense against invaMion by a foreign and hate Page 247 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 247 foe and for independence of, and separation from, oppression, that the hope and solicitude is that similar auspices may still attend the efforts. It is, however, greatly to be feared that the forces under Generals Floyd and Wise, diminished considerably by sickness and physical exhaustion, may be inadequate to the objects committed to them. They have marched west of this some forty to fifty miles, but the falling back of General Wise some weeks past has been availed of by the enemy to advance to and occupy the positions of strength afforded about the junction of the New and Gauley Rivers, commonly knowu as Gauley Bridge and Cliffis. The facility of invasion by the enemy beyond the Ohio afforded by the Kanawha River, now swollen by frequent rains, is not, l)elhaps, duly impressed. This channel also enables them to transport easily to the head of navigation supplies, equipments, and munitions, and to what extent they have done so we are comparatively ignorant. Occasionally intelligence is obtained from their rear by some one leaving the Kanawha Yalley, crossing out by Coal through Fayette and Raleigh, and bringing information to this place. We learn their force is larger than ours; that they have steam-boats above Charleston and over 200 wagons and teams. Does not this indicate a l)urpose, if iinot successfully resisted, to force a crossing over the intervening [sic] 6? Could our generals (Floyd, Wise, and Henningsen) have adequate re- enforcements of fresh troops to the extent of two or three regiments hastened up the Central Railroad, they could make certainty doubly sure in not only holding their advanced position, but advancing and expelling the enemy, and perhaps capturing valuable munitions and pro- visions. If the enemy could be once sent over the Ohio I hardly think a reorganization wonld be effected for a return to the Kanawha. Of the vast column of Southern troops passing east over the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, could a regiment or two be dispatched from the most available point at or beyond Wytheville and pass through Taze- well, McDowell, Logan, and down either the Guyandotte or Coal Rivers, their approach would cause a perceptible retirement of all the enemy as far north as Petersburg. This is a demonstration that has seemed so efficient that many, very many, have been expecting it to be made, to the great consternation of the enemy. For if they did not retreat on such an approach in their rear, a capture of the whole, boats, wagons, teams, ~c., might be the result. The whole country from the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad to the Kanawha Valley is sound and loyal to Virginia and to the South, and a large militia auxiliary on the way. It would prove so sad a disaster for this Central Western Virginia column to have to retire a second time and expose new territory, the Virginia Springs and Central Railroad, accessible to the enemy, that we hope it may be speedily guarded against. As I, a stranger, have unauthor- izedly obtruded these thoughts upon your attention, I must justify the sincerity of purpose and conviction of judgment by reference to gentle- men who I have the honor to claim as acquaintances: William II. Mac- farland, James Kaskie, esq., Jeremiah Morton, Hon. W. C. Rives, Hon. C. M. Conrad, and the merchants and bankers of Richmond. Most respectfully, yours, [5.] THOMAS MATHEWS. RICHMOND, August 22, 1861. General J. E. JOHNSTON, Manassas: The President directs that Col. W. W. Gordons Twenty-seventh Vir- ginia Reginment be sent immediately, under Licut. Col. John Echols, t Page 248 248 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Lewisburg, there to recruit and jOin Gencral J. B. Floyds command near that place. Its withdrawal from your command will be replaced by a regiment from this quarter. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWIJA, Camp Gauley, near Sumrnersviile, August i22, 18G1. Maj. Gen. R E. LEE: Sin: I have been able to cross the Gauley River and take post on the bluffs above the right bank. The forces in this neighborhood of the enemy having marched rapidly to the mouth of the river for the pur- pose of meeting a confidently expected attack from our people at Gauley Bridge, left this strong position undefended. Immediately upon hear- ing this I turned, and by a rapid night march was enabled to reach and cross the river and take position where I now am. The communication now between General Cox in the Kanawha Valley and the forces before you is completely cut off, and I will be able very shortly, I think, to move npon General Cox, when my remaining regiment and those of Colonels Tompkins and MeCausland shall reach me. I wish you would send me, from some point not too far, for instance Kewbern or Dublin Depot, three full well-appointed regiments to supply the place of Gen. eral Wises legion, which you would call to your own standard and make, no doubt, extremely useful and efficient. If I had this Three I could quickly drive out General Cox with his present force from Kana- wha or could move northward from this point to co-operate as you might direct with your own force against the flank or rear of the forces before you. I know nothing whatever of the position of yourself or the enemy in your front. I would be glad of any intimation from you in the manner in which any action of our people here could benefit your command. I think our position here and the movement of the militia west of Kanawha will force General Cox to abandon his present position in a short time, if not to retreat entirely from the valley. I am, most respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier. General, C. ~. Army. RICHMOND, VA., August 23, 18G1. Hon. L. P. WALKER, & cretary of War: SIR: For your information I inclose herewith a letter* addressed to me by the agent employed in removing locomotives, cars, & c., from the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to the iVianassas Gap Railroad. I recom- mend that the railroad iromi, telegraph wire, & c., be brought to Win- chester for safe-keeping. The iron can be most usefully employed in connecting Winchester with the Manassas Gap Railroad. The wire is required in many parts of the country. An engineer should be desig- nated to survey the route, and authority be given for iron and other materials taken from thc I3altiinore and Ohio Railroad for the construc- tion of the road from Winchester to Manassas Gap Eailroad. The transportation of railroad iron from Martinsburg to Winchester by * Not found Page 249 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 249 horses will cost too much. Military protection should be given to the working party referred to. The militia at Winchester may be detailed for the purpose. A. C. MYERS, [5.] Acting Quartermaster- General. RICHMOND, August 23, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, Lynchburg, Va.: Report by telegraph what Mississippi regiments are at Lynchburg and whether the two from Juka or Corinth have arrived. It is under- stood that Col. D. R. Russells regiment, which is one of the regiments referred to,is at Lyuchbnrg. It is wanted to know if any companies of the other regiment have arrived. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, August 23, 1861. General JOHNSTON, illanassas: The President directs that you suspen(1 action on the dispatch sent you yesterday relative to W. W. Gordons Twenty-seventh Virginia Regiment until further advised. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 132. Ilichinond, August 23, 1861. * * * * - * XII. Brigadier-General Carson will give orders to the Hampshire militia, serving with his command near Winch ester, to hold themselves in readiness to co-ol)erate with Col. Angus McDonald, who is acting under special instructions in that section of the State. Colonel MeDon- aid will make timely requisition for their services, and will make such disposition of them as his judgment shall dictate. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: - JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, near Carnifix Perry, August 23, 1861. Col. G. C. WHARTON: SIR: I am instructed by General Floyd to urge you to come on with all speed. He has needed your regiment for some time, but never so much as at present. He is here on the north side of Gauley with only his own people, and all help is very grudgingly rendered him. Do not wait to change your guns. You cannot have a more effective weapon than the musket, even with flint-locks. This is the opinion of Genera Page 250 250 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. Floyd, which I give as his. The character of the country is such as to greatly impair the advantage of guns of long range. Our lighting here will be in the bushes and from trees. For this no weapon is better than the musket, as either balls or buckshot may be used. Thei~ come with- out a moments delay. Our position is such that with the addition of your regiment General Floyd thinks that he can push his olknsive action to any extent. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant. General, Floyds Brigade. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Gamp Gauley, near Carnifix Perry, August 23, 1861. Brig. Gen. A. A. CHAPMAN: DEAR SIR: Your favor of the 20th instaiit, informing me of the embodiment of the militia of the counties of Monroe, Giles, and iVI ercer, and the movement of a l)ortion of his force, has been received. I am, more than I can express, gratified at this intelligence. Your movement is very opportune, happening at the point of time when it was most to be desired and when the most valuable results may be expected from it. I have been within thelast few days in hot pursuit of the enemy, with my scouts in daily skirmish with theirs, and invariably victorious. They made a stand on the Hawks Nest. I halted my column within three miles of them, threatening an attack of their position to be made the next morning. Persuaded that this attack would be made, they withdrew their entire force from Summersyille and this vicinity, and concentrated it at and about Gauley Bridge. Anticipating this move I withdrew my force and by a night march reached Carnifix Ferry, crossed, and am now in possession of the bluffs on the north side of the stream. The force of the enemy at Gauley and those operating against General Lee have been thus separated, cut in two, and their communica- tion with each other entirely cut off. I have given you the outline of my movements that you may be able the better to judge of the impor- tance, and of the move which you have made and of the advantage to result therefrom. Then collect your force at once and push on to some point on the Kanawha River, either at or below the falls, as your judg- ment may suggest. I will meet you there with my command on this side of the river, when we will push forward our action as circumstances may suggest. Your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, Brigadier- General, Commanding Forces, & c. P. S.The Greenbrier regiments have not joined me. In accordance with my request they met twice, but as often disbanded without reporting. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, Nicholas County, August 24, 1861. General A. A. CHAPMAN: M~ DEAR SIR: This will be handed to you by my aide and friend, Colonel Jenkins, who is on his way to the counties toward the Ohio Page 251 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 251 west of Kanawba, for the purpose of urging the people to make head against the invaders and co-operate with me against them. He will co-operate cheerfully with you in your plans already stated to me in your letters of the 17th and 20th. Colonel Jenkins is a man of high ability and decided military talent, who deserves fully your confidence as he enjoys mine. He is possessed of my views and plans and can explain them to you, and when he has you will see how important your movement will be to my success against the enemy this side the Kanawha. If you can promptly occupy Fayette Court-House or some good position on the Kanawha River I feel confident the enemy can be soon expelled from the valley of Kanawha and a feeling of security again given to our country. Very truly, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.j Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS COAST DEFENSES, Wilmington, N. 0., August 25, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General, Richmond: GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of Special Orders, No. 130, dated Adjutant and Inspector Generals Office, August 21, 1861, and to report that in accordance with your telegram of the 19th instant I assumed command of the troops on the coast of North Carolina on the 20th instant. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [4.j Brigadier- General. RICHMOND, August 26, 1861. A. T. BLEDSOE, Esq., War Department: DEAR SIR: I write a few lines to say what I intended to say in per- son, but have been prevented from so doing by constant occupation and by the fear of trespassing on your time. On my way hither and since my arrival I have heard that reports very injurious to General Magruder were rife in this community, and that he is currently repre- sented as being very dissipated. As these statements do him great injury, not only with the public, but must impair his standing at the Department, I deem it but justice to contradict them, and now do, most positively and upon my own personal knowledge. General Magruder, since his appointment as a brigadier-general, has not used intoxicating liquors of any sort, amid has beemin as rigid a temperance man as Father Mathew himself. I address this note to you, not in your official capacity, but because you have it in youm- power to remove any injuri- ous impression about the general, should any exist in high quarters. I hope that your duties in the War Office will not dry up your literary tastes. I was studying the Theodicy most carefully, with a view to swap a few ideas about it, when this necessary but infernal war took me from my books, my home, and everything that I love, to swelter in the pestilent m~irshes of the Peninsula. Yours, very truly, G. W. RANDOLPH. [4. Page 252 252 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, August 26, 1861. Hon. JOHN TYLER, Congress: SIR: Your letter of this date* in relation to the impressment of slave labor on the Peninsula has just been received, and I proceed at once to express the opinion of this J)epartmeut on the subject. In times of war the necessities of the public service often demand departures from the ordinary rules of administration, and the cases you suggest can be justified only by such necessities. Of this the generals in command must, ex necessitate rei, be the sole judges iii the first instance, and I should therefore exercise this power with caution and discretion; but, however urgent and obvious the necessity, the power should be exer- cised only in subordination to the ultimate rights of owners, and, there- fore, certificates should in all cases be given to the owners, not only for the return of the negroes, but for reasonable hire. The Department will embody these suggestions in an official communication to the commanding generals in the Peninsnla~ where the irnpressments referred to seem to have been made. With high regard, & c.. L. P. WALKER, [~i Secretary of War. WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, August 26, 1861. Hon. JEFF. DAVIS, President Southern Confederacy: Permit an individual unknown to you, who is .just returning from Wises headquarters, at Sunday road, forty-six miles west of Lewis- burg, to make a few suggestions for the good of the cause. I know that I do this at the risk of sharing the fate of the poor wise Juan who saved the city and yet received no credit for it, and if I do I care not. And first I would say (knowing what I am talking about) that the Kanawha Valley is too little to hold two generals, and that, moreover, there is no cordial co-operation between the generals. I would say, moreover, that those who are to do the fighting and the people through the country have not such confidence in the qualifications of the gen- erals as will cause them to flock to their standard and remain and fight with spirit. Second. if Johnston or Lee were sent to supersede Wise and Floyd both, there would be an entire change in the aspect of affairs. I need not say more, a word to the wise being sufficient. Third. If Lee and Johnston, being in command west of the Alleghany, should have leave to draw on Beauregard for, say, 50,000 men, if necessary, it seems to me and others that Western Virginia could be cleared out by the time your forty days run out. I refer you to Judge Crump, Mr. McCon- nel, and liev. M. D. Hoge, D. D., if you should think it worth the trouble to ask them whether or not I am apt to know what T am talking about. Very respectfully, JNO. 13. I. LOGAN, [~1 Of Salem, Roanoke County, Va. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, August 26, 1861. General A. A. CHAPMAN: SIR: In reply to your favor of the 20th instant I wrote you the letter which accoml)anies this and sent it by a special messenger.t The mes- See Vol. JV, p. 636. t See August 23, p. 250 Page 253 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 253 senger was not dispatched ou the 23d. He, of course, did not have time to reach you before the date (24th) of your last. My communication will give you my views of the importance of your movement in embody- ing the militia and of the point on the Kanawha where they had better be collected. However, your action iu the latter particular must be determined somewhat by circumstances, keeping in view as the ultima- turn the union of my command and yours ou the Kanawba. I ascer- tained late yesterday evening that the command of Tyler had taken position within three miles of me here. I determined immediately to engage him. I accordingly put my forces in motion about 5 oclock this moriming, met the enemy, coinplet~]y routed and pursued theni seven miles. My own loss was very inconsiderable5 or 6 wounded and 3 killed. The loss of the enemy was 7. As far as at present ascertained 38 were captured. The number of their killed and wounded I have not been able to ascertain with certainty. The enemy are dispersed throughout the mountains for miles around the scene of action. I have sent scouting parties in pursuit of themim, who will doubtless pick up a considerable number. I have within the last two or three days had no reliable information from Gauley Bridge. This victory is the more sig- nificant inasmuch as the command or Tyler was composed of what are reported to be the best troops which the enemy have in the west or northwest. They were certainly their brag men. The command of Gen- eral Cox when last heard from was there and in vicinity. Your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- ~Jeneral, Commanding Army of the Kanawlia. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 26, 1361. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Comdg. Army of Kanawha, Camp Gauley, near #S~ummersvilie, Va.: GENERAL: I have just received your letter of the 22d instant, and am much gratified to learn of your prom pt movement upon Summers- ville and the occupation of the right bank of Gauley. I hope you will be able to cut the communication between Generals Cox and Rosecrans. A threatened movement toward Suttonsyille or the railroad at West Uimion would relieve your front and hold back re-enforcements fromn Tygarts Valley, where they are now drawing them. You must not, however, lose sight of the route through Lewisburg or jeopardize the railroad communication within reach of that point. The only re-en- forcement now disposable is the Fourteenth 1~orth Carolina Volunteers, Colonel Clarke, intended for this column, but ordered to Lewisburg to report to you. This regiment, with your reserved regiments and those of Tompkins and MeCausland, added to your present force, I hope will be sufficient for your proposed movement. Should you be able to drive back General Cox and leave a sufficient force in his front to hold him in check, a rapid movement northward, cutting the Park- ersburg railroad at a vital and most convenient point, would materially lighten the operations of this column. At present with a part of its force it holds the head of Tygarts Valley; with another part the State road to Staunton. General Loring, commanding the whole force of the Northwest Armny, has his headquarters at this camp. General LI. H. Jackson holds his commnand where the Grecubrier crosses the Staunton road. The force of the enemy opposing this column of the Northwest Army is intrenched on the road passing from Huttonsville through thi Page 254 254 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. camp to iluntersyille, this side of where the turnpike branches to $tauu- ton. The force opposing General Jacksoiis brigade is intrenched at Cheat Mountain Pass. An intermediate force of the enemy supports each of these intrenchments, with reserves at lluttonsville and Beverly. You will be able now to nuderstand the relative position of the oppos- ing armies, and to regulate your movements accordingly. The inces- sant rains and constant travel has rendered the road to lluntersville so difficult as to retard the advance of troops and supplies. A few clear days, if they ever conic in these mountains, will remedy this evil; but as it has rained nearly every day since the advance to this position aud is still threatening I do not know whether they cau be calculated on. I am, with high respect, your obedient servant, li. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. RICHMOND, Au gust 26, 1861. Maj. M. G. HARMAN, Staunton, Twa.: The Fourteenth North Carolina Regiment was by direction of the President sent to General J. B. Floyds command. lt was a case of necessity, and its destination is not to be changed. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, Nicholas County, August 26, 1861. Brig. Gen. H. A. WISE: SIR: The forces under General Tyler, which formerly held Summers- yule and this region of country, made their appearance in this vicinity last evening. I determined to fight them, and did so this morning at 6 oclock. We beat and dispersed the whole force entirely, and have captured a good many prisoners, the exact number not known. I sup- pose this will give inc a little repose for a day or so. You will not, therefore, send your regiment to support me as heretofore requested, but hold your positioa for the present aggressively toward the mouth of Gauley as you judge best. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier-General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 134. Richmond, August 26, 1861. * * * * * * III. Capt. Anderson Merchant, corps of artillery, will immediately l)roceed to Lewisburg, Va., and report for duty to General Floyd as chief of artillery and ordnance for his command. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, Assistant Adjutant- General. [5. Page 255 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 255 TTEADQIJARTERS I)EPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, General S. COOPER, Wilmington, August 26, 1861. Adjutant-General, Richmond: GENERAL: Col. S. L. Fremont, First Regiment Artillery North Caro- lina Militia, has, by direction of Governor Clark, reported to me for duty. It is desirable to have his services as chief engineer of the defenses of the Cape Fear and the neighboring coast, and I respectfully request authority to muster him into the service of the Confederate States with that view. These defenses have been too long neglected; no time should be lost in resuming the works. Please reply by telegraph. T am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, II. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. General J. E. JOHNSTON, RICHMOND, August 27, 1861. Commanding, Manassas, TTa.: GENERAL: Lient. Col. John Ecliols letter of August 16, 1861, in rela- tion to his regiment, has been submitted to the President, who desires that you be informed that under the information received that the regi- ment had been chiefly raised on the southeru borders of Western Vir- ginia, he is desirous that, on account of its reduced state and from other urgent reasons, it should be sent to Lewisburg to be recruited, after which it will join the command of General J. B. Floyd, operating in that quarter. If there is no sufficient reason to the contrary, he desires this should yet be done, although he is reluctant to separate it from General T. J. Jacksons brigade, if that officer is particularly anxious to retaiu it. I am, sir, respectfully, iR. H. CHILTON, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. MANASSAS, VA., August 27, 1861. Capt. E. P. ALEXANDER: (Care of Major Gorgas, Richmond, Va.) CAPTAIN: I desire that you should call upon the President, with Major Gorgas, to represent to him that I have but thirty-five pieces of light artillery for thirty-five regiments of infantry, or one piece per regiment. Should we miot be able to have additional light batteries, we must then supply their places with rocket batteries for the purpose of frightening the untamed horses of the enemy. We must also have an increase of cavalry, of which the enemy is very deficient. We ought to have here about 4,000 or even 5,000 mounted men for the purpose of charging on McClellans batteries and raw infantry after our rockets shall have put theum in disorder. Colonels Preston, Miles, and Chesnut may be able to help you. Respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD. [Iiidorsement.] Extract from a letter written to Mr. Davis by General Beauregard from headquarters, near Centerville, October 20, 1861. Assured of the difficnlties in getting field guns in any adequate imum- ber for the exigency, and convinced of the value of war rockets agains Page 256 256 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. ~CHAP. LXIII. such troops as our adversaries have, I dispatched an officer of my staff, Capt. B. P. Alexander, last August to Richmond to consult and arrange measures with the proper departments. He saw the Adjutant-General of the Army on the subject, and received, I am happy to say, the most ample and cordial approval of the plan, and the Chief of Ordnance took immediate steps for manufacturing the rockets with the utmost celerity. [~~1 HEADQUARTERS, Yorlitown, August 27, 1861. Col. J. G. HoD& ES, Commanding Mulberry Point: COLONEL: I herewith inclose an order* for your move to Mrs. Cur- tis. The artillery start from here this morning. Should you need more transportation, please inform me how much is the least you can do with. ft you are not able to move the whole of your command with what is sent, make two trips. The general desires that you will throw up works at once to command the channel and the landing. You will urge it forwaid. You are directed in case the enemy pass you either by Warwick Court-House or otherwise, to fall back to Mulberry Island, but if they approach up James River and attempt to pass up Warwick River, or to make a landing on this side, you will defend your position to the utmost. Four wagons will be sent loaded with pro- visions to Mrs. Curtis farm this morning and six empty wagons to transport your command. YQu will please report what provisions you have on hand, and whether they can be sent by water to you; also report whether you have sufficient spades to make the work. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. B. COSBY, [4.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 27, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Comdg. Army of Kanawha, Camp Gauley, west of Lewisburg, Va.: GENERAL: Since my letter of yesterday I have heard that the Thirtieth Georgia Regiment was expected at Staunton, and have directed that it be ordered to join your command. This, with the Fourteenth Regiment North Carolina Volunteers, which you were advised was on its way to Lewisburg, will give you two well-appointed regiments. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OP TIlE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, August 27, 1861. Maj. 0-en. R. B. LEE: SIR: The forces under General Tyler which sometime since held Sum. mersville and all this region of country, but which reached to the mouth of Ganley, as stated by me in my last communication, returned to this neighborhood night before last. Inimediately upon ascertaining the Not found Page 257 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPO{DENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 257 fact I determined to attack them, which I did yesterday about sunrise. They were posted about three miles from my camp in a commanding position, but our men made the attack with spirit and soon carried it. The enemy was conipletely routed, and the Seventh Ohio Regiment (three-year recruits) were scattered all over the country. The enemys killed and wounded number upward of thirty men. Amongst the killed is a captain. The prisoners number over sixty, amongst them a captain and some lieutenants. We captured some of their wagons and hospital supplies. The result of this fight will enable me to hold this quarter of the country, I think, certainly, and to cut off effectually all communication between General Cox and the forces toward the north. Colonel Tompkins and Colonel McCauslands regiments have come up, but both combined do not reach to 800 men. My force, therefore, is far from being very strong. It is very important, I think, to make the exchange of troops in the manner suggested in my last. It would pro. duce a unity and promptness of action which would promote greatly the public interest, in my judgment. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 136. Richmond, August 28, 1861. * * * * * * * XVII. Captain Calhouns company of South Carolina artillery, and those of Captains Carter, Courtney, Holman, Virginia artillery, will proceed to Manassas Junction, Va., as soon as practicable and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [~.1 Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 263. Richmond, Va., August 28, 1861. * * * * * * * III. Capt. M. Vaidens company, the New Kent Cavalry, and Cap. tam Thorntons company, the Prince Edward Cavalry, Virginia Vol- unteers, will proceed by easy marches to Yorktowii and join the regi- inent of cavalry under Colonel Johnston, now serving with the Army of the Peninsula. * * * * * * * By order: GEO. DEAS, 4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, August 28, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: DEAR SIR: We have advanced across the Gauley, now near Sum- mersville, and hold a position from which I think no force of the enemy 17 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 258 258 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. can drive us, even were they disposed to try it, which I think will hardly be the case. I find a great division of sentiment amongst the people in this quarter of the country; the Union feeling greatly strengthened from the belief that this quarter of the State had been finally abandoned to the enemy. It will require the presence of a strong force in the country to disabuse the public mind upon that point, which is absolutely necessary for complete success here. As we advance into the disaffected country it becomes more difficult to procure sup- plies with regularity and in sufficient quantities. To this end it becomes indispensable that we should have a brigade commissary in the field with us. I have recommended and urged very strongly upon the Secretary of War the appointment of a man for the place who is every way entirely competent. He is a captain of cavalry, John C. McDonald, bred a merchant and is possessed of excellent capacity and business habits, enjoys and deserves a spotless reputation, and is withal a man of fortune. I know him well and am quite sure of his entire fitness for the place. Captain Barton was assigned to duty with me at Wythe- yule and proved most efficient, but he tells me he is troubled with rheumatism and cannot take the field. Besides, I doubt whether he could arrange the business in this sparsely inhabited country. Captain Barton could be most advantageously employed at Bristol in purchas- ing supplies of bacon and flour, & c., through East Tennessee and South- western Virginia and shipping the supplies in every direction to the army. The point is a good one, and he is admirably fitted for it. Give me McDonald for brigade commissary and I think I can manage the business part of the army here both with satisfaction and some degree of economy. This is all the more important because supplies are hard, and the machinery to procure should be as complete as it can be made. I am, very truly, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYD. [5.] WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, August 29, iSGi. Col. A. C. MYERS, Acting Quartermaster- General: SIR: Your letter of August 23, inclosing report of Mr. Thomas H. Sharp, agent, & c., for the Quartermasters Department, and submitting recommendations based thereon, is received, and a letter relating to the same general subject has been received from Mr. W. L. Clark, presi- dent of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company. In compli- ance with your suggestion you are directed to order the transportation of the railroad iron, telegraph wire, materials, & c., referred to, to Win- chester immediately for safe-keeping. So much of the railroad iron, & c., thus secured as may be immediately necessary to relay the tracks of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad may be disposed of to this company for that purpose, to be paid for in the manner proposed by Mr. Clark, provided it be satisfactorily stipulated that [there shall be] no delay in the transportation of troops, munitions, & c., in consequence thereof and that the works shall be completed within a specified time, the contracts thus entered into to be subject to the approval of this Department. The Department is not willing, with only the information at present in its possession, to enter upon the construction of the pro- posed military road from Winchester to the Manassas Gap Railroad; would be glad, however, to receive further information on the subject Page 259 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 259 You will please inform Dr. William S. Morris, president of the South- ern Telegraph Company, at Richmond, of the existence of this tele- graph wire and materials at Winchester, so that it may be made avail- able for the construction of military telegraphs in different parts of the country as required. The commandant of the military forces at Win- chester is fully authorized to furnish all requisite military protection to your agent in the prosecution of his work, as he may deem most exuedienL Respectfully, L. P. WALKER, [5.] Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, August 29, 1861. His Excellency Governor F. W. PICKENS, Columbia, S. C.: SIR: Your Excellencys letter of August 24, announcing the readi- ness and desire of the First Regiment South Carolina Rifles to come to Virginia, is just received. The Department is happy to receive your praise of the material and condition of this regiment, and requests you, as proposed, to order it to proceed at once to Richmond and report for duty. Very respectfully, L. P. WALKER, [5.] Secretary of War. RICHMOND, August 30, 1861. Governor HENRY T. CLARK, Raleigh, N. C.: The President desires to know how soon you will have the regiments already offered by you organized and prepared to move to the coast of North Carolina. S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General. PETERSBURG, VA., August 30, 1861. Commander-in-Chief JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States of America: PRESIDENT: Whether you will read or not, I will write to you. I wish to write in behalf of a meritorious citizen, who I know by four months constant intercourse with him has been shamefully misrepre- sented. I have now no other interest in him than such as my love of country inspires. The immediate cause of my writing is the report, probably true, which I have seen this morning, that the battery lately erected at Hatteras Inlet, on the North Carolina coast, has been stormed and taken by the enemy. If the report is not true, I do not doubt in the least that it will be taken before long nuless an adequate force of men is soon stationed there. Between the 25th of May, 1861, and the 8th of June, General Grayson, who on the ~rst-named day was com- missioned a brigadier-general by the Governor and military board of North Carolina, made under their direction a tour of inspection of th Page 260 260 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. coast from Fort Macon to Oregon Inlet, inclusive. He made report to the Governor as directed to do. He advised an enlargement of the battery at old Fort Macott and the erection of batteries at Beacon island, near Ocracoke Inlet, and also close by at Portsmouth; another at Hatteras Inlet, and another at Oregon Inlet. The battery at Bea- con Island was to have about twenty guns, 32-pounders and columbiads, and eight at Portsmouth, opposite. The battery at Hatteras of twenty to twenty-four heavy guns, and Oregon fifteen to eighteen heavy guns, and six to nine on Roanoke Island, opposite the inlet. In addition he advised field flying batteries at Fort Macon and Hatteras, and proba- bly at another point (his report is not before me and I write from memory, but I am sure of substantial certainty). All that he distinctly a(lvised would not be effective without an adequate force of men, at least 5,000, to defend these batteries and keep the enemy from effecting a landing. The batteries were erected by skillful engineers, under the dire~ction and frequent personal inspection of General Grayson, and much more rapidly than he was able to procure the requisite gun car- riages after the guns were in place to be mounted. Instead of 5,000 men, only about 1,500 were ordered to the coast. No field artillery was supplied. Often did General Grayson urge the prosecution of the sys- tem of defense he advised, and even taunted the authorities with such remarks as that they had better have it done than soon to have to regret that it had been left undone. His advice was sober sense, and he was sober when he gave it, no matter who may assert to the con- trary. No matter what his habits may have been before he went to Norfolk, it is not true that he was addicted to drunkenness or was drunk while in the service of this or that State. I have been con- stantly with him day and night, with the exception of a few intervals of two or three days at a time, and I not only know that his habits have not been such as I have good reason to know you have been told they were, but further, I know that Jam not the man to have been associated with him in the service as his aide-de-camp if the reports to that effect had been well founded. I have the honor to be, your fellow-citizen, R. ~~. COLLIER. [4.] NEw BERNE, August 30, 186112.30 a. m. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General, Richmond: The forts at Hatteras, with the garrisons, numbering 580 men, also Commodore Barron and Colonel Bradford, were captured at 11.30 a. m. yesterday. H. C. GATLIN, [4.j Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KAN~WIIA, Camp Gauley, August 30, 1861. Col. WILLIAM J. CLARKE, Fourteenth North Carolina Infantry: SIR: I sent you yesterday by messenger an order from the Secretary of War that you would proceed with your command to Lewisbnrg and report to me for duty from that point. With the order I inclosed a note to the effect that you would hold your column in Lewisburg and ther Page 261 CHAP. LXHL] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONPEDERATE. 261 await further or(lers from me. In case this note has not reached you, I take this opportunity of saying that you will l)lease halt your column at or near where this meets you until supplies can be furnished fully sufficient to support your people in our camp at this place. Supplies are mainly drawn from Jacksons River, and the distance is so great that transportation is very difficult. Your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. P. 5.If you have already halted your column in Lewisburg, you will please advance it and halt at Bungers Mill, four miles west of Lewisburg. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, near Summersviiie, August 30, 1861. Col. J. W. MASSIE: DEAR Sin: I have not heard a word from you since your appoint- ment to the lientenant-colonelcy of my Third Regiment. To be sure, I have been on the march nearly ever since, but still I am anxious to hear from you, particularly as you were suffering from rheumatism at last accounts. I am not even apprised of your acceptance of the commis- sion. Presuming, however, that you do accept, I suggest these views to direct your course. If you are fully able to nndergo the hardships of this rough and trying campaign, you had better form your regi- ment at once; but if there is a doubt about your ability to do this, then you can be extremely useful if you would go to Wytheville and organize the Fourth Regiment and put it in complete condition to march. I learn through Colonel Wharton that eleven companies have already offered to join it. When ready, if you are able, you could bring it on to join me in the valley of Kanawha, where I hope to be before many weeks. I left Lewisburg to meet the enemy, supposed to be advancing from Kanawha in force, but except their pickets and scouts I did not meet them until I crossed Gauley near Summersville, where I am now. On the morning of the 26th I attacked the command of General Tyler, numbering about 1,500, as well as I could learn, and I defeated them completely, killing and wounding about 50 and taking 130 prisoners. This fight will have important results, as it cuts effectively the line of communication between the forces under General Cox on Kanawha, and those northward under General Rosecran s. As soon as my regi- ments come up, I will go on toward the Kanawha River and relieve, if possible, the region from the horrible thralldom under which it is placed at this time. The determination of the hordes of foreigners and others from Ohio who have overrun and now hold this country is very terrible. Thefts, plunder, arson, and rape are occurring every day. You can readily understand how the blood of a man boils at these outrages. Our people are cheerful and eager for the conflict and behaved with remarkable coolness and courage the other day in battle. Give my love to your wife, and believe me, very truly, your friend, JOHN B. FLOYD, Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. P. S.Direct your reply to Lewisburg for Floyds brigade; it will reach me. We have a tn-weekly mail connected with the army. [~I ~B.F Page 262 262 MD., E. N. C., PA,, VA., E ~CEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. Lxiii. RICHMOND, August 30, 1861. Brigadier-General HUGER, Norfolk, Va: News just received of the capture by the enemy of the batteries at Hatteras Inlet, N. C. S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 266. Richmond, 17a., August 31, 1861. * * * * * * * III. Capt. W. S. Penicks company Virginia Volunteers, this day mustered into service, will be immediately armed by Col. Charles Dim- mock, and will then proceed to Williamsburg, there to join the battalion under Maj. E. B. Montague. Their equipments will be furnished by the Ordnance Department. * * * * * * * By order: GEO. PEAS, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, August 31, 1861. Col. G. C. WHARTON: SIR: General Floyd has this evening received intelligence that the enemy have left Gauley Bridge and are advancing upon him at this place with full force. He accordingly orders you with your regiment to join him at this point with all dispatch. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. CAMP FAIR GROuNDS, Winchester, Va., August 31, 1861. Hon. JOHN LETCHER Governor o)~ Virginia: DEAR SIR: We, a portion of the officers of the Seventh Brigade Virginia Militia, would most respectfully suggest to you the condition of the militia of this the Seventh Brigade, and we feel assured that your intelligence will not permit these suggestions of your neighbors of the Valley of Virginia to be construed into presumption on our part, or as having been written in any spirit of dictation, but are addressed to you as the Chief Magistrate of our State, knowing that you will very readily comprehend the grievances of which we complain; and being equally well assured that it will be your pleasure, as far as you can consistently with the interest of the State and the South, to render us the relief asked for. Now, as to facts. It cannot have failed to have been observed by you that the Valley of Virginia has perhaps furnished a greater number of volunteers in proportion to the strength of her militia than any other portion of the State; that every effort has been made, and successfully, too, to raise volunteers to defend our rights; that in all the counties in the Seventh Brigade the courts not onl Page 263 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 263 made provisions to uniform the volunteers, but to support the familk~s of the patriotic men who volunteered and whose families were not in a condition to support themselves; that our citizens have in every way contributed liberally to the relief of the soldiers passing through onr valley, and our doors have been thrown open and the wounded and sick of the army assigned onr best rooms. We have freely sent our wagons and horses and our sons to the field of battle, and in doing all this we feel that we have done nothing but our duty. Eight weeks ago, in the midst of our harvest, a draft was made for two regiments. We laid down our sickles and left our wheat to be destroyed to hasten to the defense of our Confederate flag. Two weeks subseqnent to that, by your proclamation we cheerfully came forward, leaving our valley almost depopulated, to aid those that were already on the field of bat- tle, and still not a murmur was heard. And now that the season for preparing for another crop, the season really that our wheat should be in the ground, has arrived, we naturally feel that our families, which heretofore have not known the pressure of want, must prepare to be placed in a destitute condition and the extreme poor to suffer greatly. In view of all these facts, we would suggest that if it is possible to per- mit the militia of the Seventh Brigade to return home for the present that you will do so. While it affords us pleasure to say that the Seventh Brigade responded so promptly and patriotically to your call, we regret to say that the brigade in which we are now stationed has failed to any great extent to respond to your call, and that instead of being ready to obey the call of the Governor promptly and coming for- ward to defend their own town, the very town that we are now defend- ing, they are quietly pursuing their usual avocations; and now if we should be relieved so far as to require a small portion of the militia to be in service at this time, could not those who have so patriotically responded to your call be relieved and the necessary number be raised out of that brigade which has only partially responded heretofore ~? We would also suggest that any relief you can render us be extended us as soon as possible, for reasons entirely familiar to yourself. JAS. H. SIBERT, Colonel Third Regiment Virginia Militia. JOHN W. SIBEIRT, Major Third Regiment Virginia Militia. JOHN H. NEWELL, Major Third Regiment Virginia Militia. MANN SPITLEIR, Colonel Second Regiment Virginia Militia. THOMAS BUSWELL, Lieutenant- Colonel Second Regiment Virginia Militia. CULLIX W. FJNTER, Major Second Regiment Virginia Militia. [5.] BRooKES STATION, August 31, 1861. His Excellency the PRESIDENT: Mv VERY DEAR SIR: I sincerely hope you will excuse the liberty I am about to take of writing directly to you, but my deep anxiety for the safety of my home will, I trust, plead my excuse. If Hatteras has fallen, the danger is incalculable, and as it shows the utter absence of commonest judgment and forethought, I tremble for its sequel, unless you will send a competent officer there to command. My excellen Page 264 264 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. friend General Gatlin, though perfectly devoted and true of heart, is as ignorant as I was of the necessities of that important frontier, and there is no one there of military acumen with whom he can advise and consult. It is with the greatest diffidence that I make a suggestion to you, but I am obliged to think that the energy, science, and industry of General Whiting, together with his intimate acquaintaiice with the whole coast, point to him as the proper commander to guard against further injury in that quarter. Sincerely hoping that the constant prayers of our whole people for your life and health may be heard, I am, my dear sir, yours, most faith- fully, [4.] TH. H. HOLMES. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, (lamp Gauley, August 31, 186112 m. Col. G. C. WHARTON: SIR: General Floyd has received reliable information that the enemy are in full force advancing upon him from Gauley Bridge. The scouts sent out rel)ort that he is within ten miles of this point. You will then, hurry on with your regiment with all speed. General Floyd has written to General Wise for re-enforcements, with no certaii~ty, how- ever, that they will be sent. Then, come on. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, August 31, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, (lomdg. Army of Kanawha, (lamp Gauley, near & unmersville, Va.: GENERAL: I take great pleasure in congratulating you on the dis- persion of the forces of General Tyler and the handsome victory gained by a portion of your command. If it will result in cutting the commu- nication between Generals Cox and Rosecrans, it will be of effectual serv- ice in future operations. To do this it will be necessary to call to you all of your force that can be spared from your center and such aid as can be obtained from the loyal militia. A movement of the troops south of New River to a favorable point of the Kanawha will cause the retire- ment of General (lox from Gauley Bridge and enable you to unite your troops for an effective blow. I understand that the North Carolina and Georgia regiments that have been ordered to join you are on their march. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, H. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. EXCHANGE HOTEL, Richmond, September 1, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: SIR: After leaving you this morning, through Hon. Mr. Avery, of our State, I was introduced to Captain Ingraham and requested to make explanations in regard to the coasts and inlets of North Carolina. Find- in~ in his office a map of the coast, I was enabled to make the necessar Page 265 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 265 explanations and my own views intelligible to him through the aid of this map. Captain Ingraham gave close attention to the subject, and p?ssesses all the information on the subject of our defenses and my own views, as well as all the facts connected with the invasion, which I was able to convey with fullness of detail. I could not do this as satisfac- torily in writing and without a chart, and hope this mode of communica- tion will be accepted in place of a written statement which you requested. I beg to refer you to Captain I[ngraham for details. The people of Eastern North Carolina are deeply concerned at the hostile descent made on their shores, and in doubt as to its ulterior objects. They hope the Government may be able to arrest further progress inward7 and soon expel the fleet from onr sounds and inland waters. I have been coin- missioned by the citizens of the two counties of Perquimans and Chowan (situated on Albemarle Sound) to visit liichmond and make this com- munication to the publIc authorities. Yery respectfully, your obedient servaiit, A. I~. ELLIOTT, [4.] Of IIer~frrd, Per quimans County, N. C. IIENDQIJARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, September 1, 1861. Brig. Gen. ALFRED BECKLEY: SIR: Your favor of the 29th ultirno to General Floyd has been received. In reply I am instructed by him to say that your plans of operation therein stated he doubts not are good, under the condition that the enemy will continue to hold their position at and about Gauley Bridge. But he is persuaded that they will not do this, and the best course for yours and the command of General Chapman to adopt is to push for- ward your columns below the Falls, to or as near Charleston as you can. As to his reasons for the above opinion and suggestions, he refers you to Colonel Jenkins, one of his aides, who has been instructed to corn- municate with General Chapman upon the subject and to lay them before him. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd, commanding Army of the Kanawha: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. EDENTON, iN. C., September 2, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: DEAR SIR: The loss of the forts on our coast renders it important that the towns on the waters of the Albemarle Sound should be placed in a condition of defense. This place is one of great importance, being in the heart of the richest agricultural district in the State,and would be a rich conquest to our enemies. The object of this is to beg of you to detail a gentleman to visit our place and give us some suitable plan of defense, the mode of erecting batteries, & c., and also to inspect some old guns which we have here. We would be highly gratified if you can let us have some good guns from the Norfolk navy-yard, or any other place that they can be spared. Our citizens are willing to pay all the expenses that may be created in the (lefense of this place. ~o soon as I heard of the disaster at Hatteras I dispatched one of m Page 266 266 MD., E. N. c., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [ChAP. LXIII. steamers down the sound to see what aid she could render, and it tunis out that it was most fortunate that I did so, as she has beeii hard at work bringing the guns and troops from oregon [Inlet] to Roauoke Island, where they are now throwing up defenses. I, together with other gentlemen, leave here early in the morning to ascertain what is needed, and it is our purpose to supply everything that we can. The number of prisoners taken at Hatteras is about ($30; only seven meu were killed (as known certainly). It is needless for me to say that I would not trouble you did I not know how important it is to keep back the enemy. Kor would I at this time ask you to detail a competentper- sou to visit our place for the purpose alluded to were it not of vital importance to the country. With highest respect and consideration, I am, dear sfr, your obedieut servant, Th. 1). WARREN. [4.] [AND OTHERS.] HEADQUARTERS NINETEENTH BRIGADE, Fayetteville, Fayette County, September 2, 1861. Brig. Gen. JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Forces of the Kanawha Valley: GENERAL: I have the honor of reporting to you that I reached this point last evening with four regiments of my brigade, numbering about 1,500 reliable menabout as well drilled as volunteers nsaally are, and I have great confidence that they will perform their work equally as well. They have moved this morning to the foot of Cottou Hill, and if possible will pass over it to-day. I have understood that a large por- tion of Coxs command have moved up Gauley to attack youof course you will repnlse him and he will fall back to the muouth of Gauley, where he will be very strongly fortifiedand it will be very difficult to drive him from the position unless you could send us to this side of the river two field pieces, which we could use with great effect from a high hill which commands the enemys encampment at the distance of about one mile and a quarter, as I have been informed. General Beckleys com- mand united with mine numbers 2,000 or more, and you could greatly benefit us by sending us two cannon with a few men to man them. We could then force our way if need be to Charleston on the south side of the river, and unite our forces with you at that point; but as you have viewed all the grounds and have your plans laid out, you can inform me what I should do, and if within the power of my command it shall be done. I am, general, with the highest regard, your obedient servant, A. A. CHAPMAN, Brigadier- General Nineteenth Brigade. P. S.I have ordered the two regiments of Greenbrier to report to you immediately for service. A. A. C. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Brig. Gen. A. A. CHAPMAN: Camp Gauley, September 2, 1861. SIR: Your favor of this date has just been received. The inforina- tion therein reported affords me much gratification. I am pleased t Page 267 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 267 know that you have under your command so large a number of troops. Your operations in every particular meet with my approval. They have been prompt, judicious, and furnish the confident expectation that the militia under your command will prove themselves entirely adequate to the work before them. I have received information, which is reliable, that a considerable force of the enemy have collected in Sutton. Whether it be their plan to attempt to re-enforce Cox at Gauley Bridge or to unite with him in an advance upon me from that point I have not been able to ascertain. I shall watch their movements with all vigi- lance and shape my action somewhat accordingly. However this may be, you can render most essential service by pushing your forces on to Charleston and by embarrassing, checking, and destroying, if you can, the navigation of the Kanawha, thus holding Cox in his present posi- tion at Gauley or thereabouts, or drawn off to Charleston. To effect this you should have some artillery. This is at present not within my power to furnish you. The pieces which I have belong to the legion of General Wise. with two exceptions. I have, however, been officially informed that two batteries have been sent and are at this time prob- ably at the White Sulphur. When they join me I shall, if it be possi- ble, supply the deficiency which you so much feel and which I know stands in the way of the successful consummation of your plans. In the meantime I shall communicate with General Wise on the subject and if he can spare one or two pieces they shall be sent you. Your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [~~1 Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, September 3, 1861. To all whom it may concern: Having learned that my advance into this portion of the State has been made the ground by certain citizens for abandoning their homes, and of alarm to others, I feel it due to myself, to the cause which I repre- sent, and to them to make the following statements: I have come among the people of my native west in vindication of the political supremacy of the State, of her right to govern her people in her own way as determined by her own constituted authorities. It is a funda- mental principle of all free governments that liberty of thought and of opinion should be respected. Nowhere is this principle more fully recognized and more sm~credly regarded than in this State, and no one is less inclined to depart from it in the present state of political troubles than I am. But the distinction must be drawn between the entertain- ment of an opinion and its expression in act. The former is in itself harmless; the latter may be criminal, and must be dealt with accord- ing to its character. These plain facts, when applied to public senti- ment in this portion of the State, lead to the following conclusions, by which I intend to be governed in my official action toward my fellow- citizens in the State with whom I may be brought in contact: No man shall be hel responsible for having cast a Union vote, but inasmuch as the people of Yirginia have, by an unprecedentedly large majority, decided in favor of the Confederacy, it behooves every good citizen to yield obedience to their decision. Our enemies are upon our soil. lf there be any citizen of the State so unpatriotic as to think with them, he shall not be disturbed in his opimilon so long as he may not giv Page 268 268 MD., E. N. ~X, PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. tXIIL them aid in the consummation of their purpose. But as soon as, b yact or otherwise, this sympathy shall manifest itself iu helping the invad- ers of the State in their plan to subjugate and enslave it, then it becomes an act of open treason, criminal in the highest and most odi- ous sense, and shall be punished by all the means I can command. To all those called Union men who have never given aid and comfort to the enemies of their State, but who have silently entertained their opinions, I appeal to remain quietly at their homes in the pursuit of their bnsiness, with the assurance that neither they nor their property shall be disturbed in any particular, but that they shall, to the extent of my power, be defended in the enjoyment of all the rights pertaining to the most loyal citizen of the State. On the other hand, to all such as have put up their opinions against the authority of the State who have aided and abetted its murderous invaders in their attempt tg sub- jngate it, by lending them their services in actual warfare upon it, and by piloting them in their march of invasion, to them I say that the sooner they leave the State forever the better for them, for if arrested in such acts of treason they shall be regarded as traitors and punished accordingly. JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- & eneral, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Maj. I. B. DUNN: Camp Cauley, September 3, 18G1. DEAR Sin: A very large force is certainly concentrating at Suttons- ville and a portion of it advanced in this direction day before yester- day. All appearances are that the enemy intend to gather all their available forces immediately for an attack upon me here. This renders it necessary for me to concentrate with all possible dispatch the forces under my conimand to meet them. They can bring certainly between 7,000 or 8,000 men here in three days; to meet which force I can oppose only about 2,400 men, all told. You see from this the absolute importance of bringing to my side all the available force I can command. The three regiments on the road and the batteries ought to be bronght up with all speed, but bread is essentially necessary for this, and we must have fifteen days supplies of flour before we can do anything more than sit quietly here, living precariously from day to day. If I had the flour and the regiments up I would move into the valley of Kanawha to-morrow, and such a move would be productive of the greatest and most beneficial results to the whole country and would render Green- brier as secure as Russell or Grayson. Appeal to the patriotism of the people to furnish transportation for full paysurely, we can get it but if nothing else will do, the safety of our army will require us to press transportation. You know how disagreeable this would be to me, but necessity knows no law in this case. General Davis, I am sure, will and can be of the greatest service to you, and you can command his services to the fullest extent. Write to me fully about the condi- tion of things and keep me fully advised by every opportunity. If necessary send me special couriers whom you can take from the cavalry. I am, yours, truly, JOHN B. FLOYD. [5.] Brigadier-General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha Page 269 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 269 RICHMOND, September 3, 1861. General R. C. GATLIN, Goldsborough, N. C.: Informatioll is brought here that the Commanding officer at Fort Macon intends to abandon that place. You must prevent this at once at every hazard and with all your means. S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, )~ ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 143. 5 Richmond, September 4, 1861. I. Brig. Gen. Charles Clark. Provisional Army, will proceed to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JOHN WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, September 4, 1861. General R. E. LEE, Staunton, Va.: GENERAL: Your several communications were duly submitted to the President ,who has read them with much satisfaction and fully approves of all you have done. He has not ceased to feel an anxious desire for yonr return to this city to resume your former duties, even while satis- fied of the importance of your presence in Western Virginia so long as might be necessary to carry out the ends set forth in your conimunica- tions. Whenever, in your judgment, circumstances will justify it, you will consider yourself authorized to return. I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and inspector General. GOLDSBOROUGH, September 4, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General: I have just returned from Fort Macon. The idea of abandoning it has never been entertained. It is in good condition for defense, and will hold out to the last. No enemy has as yet appeared beforeit. R. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, New Berne, September 4, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General, J9e., Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: Your dispatch of yesterday rela%tive to Fort Macon was replied to this morning by telegraph, but I must be permitted to remark tii~t the person giving the information is devoid of all truth, The pos Page 270 270 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. is commanded by Lieut. Col. J. L. Bridgeis, North Carolina State Troops, who as a captain at Bethel was specially distinguished for gal- lant conduct. No doubt but that he will display the same courage whenever occasion calls for it. The garrison is made up of raw troops, unaccustomed to service at heavy guns. They know the manual of the piece, and are active in their efforts to learn their duties. With the assistance of good artillery officers they will in a short time be fit for any emergency. The fort cannot bQ taken unless by regular siege, and even then is capable of being defended for a long l)eriod. I have no apprehensions about it. The enemy do not appear to have attempted to come into the sound, at least had not up to Sunday evening. It is believed that they have strengthened Fort Hatteras on the western side, so that it will be difficult to recover it, particularly as they keep quite a naval force near at hand. The naval forces here consist of two inferior steamers without screws, and one of them too dull a sailer to be of any service. I am compelled to get up a private eXpe(iitiou to reconnoiter the enemy. One will leave here to-night and will return to-morrow evening. I am engaged in fortifying the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers, and understand indirectly that a force has been sent from Norfolk to Roanoke Island to protect the northeastern counties. For the protec- tion of the country lying on the Pamnlico Sound a number of gnu-boats are absolutely necessary and should be placed upon it without delay. The counties of Tyrrell and Hyde are very fertile and are penetrated by so large a number of navigable creeks that it would require a very large number of troops and batteries to secure them from pillage. I would be glad if you would bring this subject to the notice of the Presi- dent, also the necessity of establishing telegraphic communication between Goldsborough and Fort Macon. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. ~. GATIAN, [4.] Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. General H. C. GATLIN, RICHMOND, September 4, 1861. Goldsborough, N. C.: J. H. Anderson, formerly an officer of Corps of Engineers, IT. S. Army, has been appointed brigadier-general, to report to you to take charge of the Coast Defenses of North Carolina. S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Jlfountain, September 4, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Comdg. Army of Kanawha, Camp Gauley, West of Lewisburg, Va.: GENERAL: The difficulty of procuring salt for this command induces me to inqnire whether a supply can be procured from the Kanawha Valley. We could send wagons to Lewisburg if you could cause it to be delivered there. If you are able to control the road north of Sum- mersville salt might be obtained from the works near Bulitown, ci gh- teen or twenty miles north of Suttonsville, if it cannot be procured from your front. There is a road from Summersville through Stroud Page 271 CHAP. lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 271 Glades to the Back Fork of Elk River, extending along the mountain ridge till it crosses the range of Rich Mountains; thence north of Elk Water Run to the Huttonsville turnpike. It is reported to be traveled by wagons as far as the settlements in Strouds Glades, and is then but a horse path till it reaches Bradys gate on Elk Water Run. The portion along the mountain ridge admits of easy passage. It strikes the Hnttonsvill~ turnpike just in front of the enemys position on that road, and is about fifty-five miles in length from Summersville to that point and about the same distance to this camp. To reach this camp you must take a path up the Dry Fork of Elk to the Huttonsville turn- pike in rear, or after passing Congress Mill take a path to the right leading to the Huttonsyille turnpike about four miles in our front. The latter is the better route. My object in calling your attention to it is that it may be convenient for your messengers and scouts to com- municate with this column in this way, and also to apprise you of a route accessible to your rear by the enemy in Tygarts Valley. He has within two days past moved a force, supposed to be a regiment, to near the head of Elk Water Run. A regiment of this command is observing it within striking distance. I find it impossible to obtain reliable infor- mation of the strength of the enemy in our front or that may be in reserve to his rear within supporting distance. Has any been received by youl I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [~1 General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS AnMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, September 4, 1861. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE: SIR: I have been detained here for a week for the want of flour, otherwise our people would have been in the Kanawha Valley about twenty miles below the falls, where General Cox is posted. If I can accomplish this I think General Cox will be compelled to fall back from his present position and fight us on such ground as we choose. I am looking anxiously for the three regiments and the artillery now coming on to join me; their presence is greatly needed, as my own regiments are reduced more than a third from sickness, whilst those of Colonels Tompkins and MeCausland together number only 600 men. I had only about 1,200 men all told until joined by the regiments above spoken of who reached me some days after I crossed the river and established myself here. My Third Regiment came up day before yes- terday, and when the others reached me I hoped to have a sufficient number of men for any emergency likely to arise. 1 learn from scouts that the enemy is in possession of Suttonsville with three regiments of infantry and sonic horse. It is also reported that they have captured many and shot some of the cou.ntry people for alleged charges upon which they were never tried. This has produced much alarm and indig- nation amongst the l)eople. It is asserted by persons who were present at a public meeting called by the enemy, to which all the citizeiis were invited and termed a free day, that the colonels of regiments in public harangues declared that if the citizens did not stop firing upon their scouts they would turn loose their troops to plunder, murder all ages and sexes, and to lay waste the country with fire. Of these decla- rations I have no doubt. I send this dispatch through to you on the right bank of Gauley by an active, intelligent man, as an experiment Page 272 ~72 MD., E.N.C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. to see if a quicker and more certain route for communication cannot be established by that way. He will be able to give you much informa- tion about affairs in this part of the country. With the highest respect, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, iNo. 144. * Richmond, September 5, 1861. * * * * * * YJ. Lieut. Col. J. M. Jones, assistant adjutant-general, Provisional Army; Second Lient. Henry Bryan, Confederate States Infantry, and Second Lient. H. M. Stanard, aide-dc-camp, will report for duty to General Magruder, commanding, Yorktown, Va. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS. [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. MANASSAS, September 5, 1861. General J. E. JOHNSTON, Centerville, Va.: DEAR GENERAL: Colonel Miles informs me that the flag committee voted down any change of our flag by a vote of four to one, he being alone in favor of it. I wrote to him then to propose that we should have two flags, a peace or parade flag and a war flag, to be used only on the field of battle; but, Congress having adjourned, no action will be taken - on the matter. How would it do for us to address the War Department on the subject for a supply of regimental war or badge flags, made of red with two blue bars crossing each other diagonally, on which shall be introduced the States, the edge of the flag to be trimmed all around with white, yellow, or blue fringe. We would then on the field of bat- tle know our friends from our enemies. I send you herewith a letter* written yesterday to General Cooper. It would seem that the small- minded politicians and newsmongers about Richmond cannot under- stand that we should be able to get along harmoniously tegether. To prevent any evil consequences resulting therefrom I thought it was advisable to write said letter to Cooper. Yours, truly, G. T. BEAUREGARD. Perhaps the rumor is due to my having sent my ordnance officer to Richmond to hurry up all the artillery and war-rocket batteries he could possibly get. Let us each get all that we can of both, and then we will see about equalizing them to our forces. The latter can be done so likewise,- if you desire it, when re-enforcements shall have stopped coming. G.T.B. [5.] ~Not found Page 273 CHAP. LXIII.] OORRESPO~DENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 273 RICHMOND, AS1eptember 5, 18G1. Brig. Gen. J. B. MAGRUDER, Yorktown: It is highly essential that Commander W. C. Whittle, in charge of your batteries, should be sent to Fort Macott if you can spare him. Reply immediately. S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, September 5, 1861. General R. T. BowEN: DEAR SIR: In accordance with instructions received from General Floyd, I inclose you copy of a letter received from General Chapman. From this letter you are informed of the movements of the enemy in certain portions of our State. General Chapman thinks it important to the public interests that the militia of Tazewell, Buchanan, McDow- ell, under your command, should be at once embodied. In this opinion General Floyd fully concurs, and instructs me to say to you that you will proceed to embody the militia under your command as soon as pos- sible after receiving this. When you have done so, you will at once report to General Chapman. It may be proper to state that General Floyd is in almost daily communication with General Chapman, and hence your movements will be made known to General Floyd through General Chapman. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd, commanding Army of the Kanawha: WILLIAM E. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. [Inclosure.] HEADQUARTERS NINETEENTH BRIGADE, Cotton Hill, Fayette County, September 5, 1861. Brig. Gen. JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding the Army of the Kanawha: GENERAL: I have just received information from a reliable messen- ger that the Federal and Union forces combined have burnt the village of Boonesyille, including court-house and jail. He reports their number at 800, which, I would think, was an exaggeration. It was expected that they would proceed to Logan to attempt the rescue of two men who were captains of Union companies about Peytona, and who had been arrested and placed in Boone jail and from there sent to the Logan jail. I have to-day sent a detachment to bring away said captains, that they may be confined in a more secure place, and also directed them to arrest and bring with them the attorney for the commonwealth of the county of Wyoming, who is an open and avowed Tory, and is doing us much harm. Under these circumstances it would be very important that the militia of Tazewell, Buchanan, McDowell, & c., should be em- bodied, if they have not been agreeable to your expectation some time since, and take a position in the county of Wyoming or thereabouts. They would give security to the loyal and, through terror, keep under the disaffected, and would also I)revellt my supplies from being cut oft; all of which have to be drawn from Monroe. I hope you will give the 18 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 274 274 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. matter your attention. Coxs command seemed to be stationary on yes- terday. I sent you a communication from Col. A. C. Bailey and Judge Bailey, his father, iu relation to a difficulty between the colonel and General Beckley. It is an unfortunate affair, as it tends to demoralize the regiment. General Beckley and myself both being subject to your command, I felt that you should dispose. of the matter, which had prob- ably better be done by court-martial. I am, general, with the highest regard, your obedient servant, A. A. CHAPMAN, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Nineteenth Brigade. RALEIGH, N. C., September 5, 1861. L. P. WALKER, Richmond: I have ordered Colonel Cliugmans mountain regiment to our coast. Have you any intelligence from East Tennessee that would render it policy to keep that regiment near East Tennessee l HENRY T. CLARK. [4.] BEAUFORT, N. C., September 5, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: SIR: My object in writing to you is one connected with the security and safety of this harbor. I am a private citizen, having interests here which, in return for my allegiance to the Confederate Government, I desire to see protected. Fort Macon is garrisoned by a brave and patriotic soldiery, whom I believe will do their duty most gallantly in the hour of trial. It cannot, however, be denied that we have no expe- rienced artillerists at the fort to manage the ordnance. If you will supply this deficiency you will make our fortification far more formi- dable. I would also add that there are only three guns in the fort that can be relied upon in punishing the enemy at a long distance, to wit, one 10-inch columbiad and two 8-inch columbiads. The residue of the cannon are 24 and 32 pounders. If four 32-pounder rifled cannon could be sent here, the fort would be in a much better state of defense. While writing to you upon this subject I would state that our authori- ties have closed all passing through Core Sound by sinking vessels in the channel at Harbor Island. This will prevent the enemy from reach- ing us by inland passage through the contiguous sounds. Hatteras having fallen, and the fortification near Ocracoke having been evacu- ated, Fort Macon is the next point in geographical position. Beaufort Haibor possesses great commercial advantages, which I should regret to see turned to the use of the enemy. The English ships Alliance and Gonda are now at our wharf unloading and preparing to receive cargoes of cotton for Liverpool. An American ship of war is now anchored about six miles from Fort Macon for the purpose, I suppose, of blockading this port. Captain Dc Forrest, of the ship Alliance, has gone to her under the English flag, but has not yet returned. He left this afternoon. Omitting this sound, which has been obstructed at its entrance, I would suggest that the two great sounds of the State be filled with gun-boats. Norfolk can furnish a number of propellers, and at Elizabeth City a large number of sail vessels suitable for the navi- gation can be secured for the service. A naval armament of such Page 275 CHAP. LXIII.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 275 Character wonici in my opinion prevent further invasion by the enemy. As regards the correctness of any statement I have made to you, 1 would respectfully refer you to the Hon. Thomas Ruffin, the Congress- man from this district. I am, sir, very respectfully, WM. N. GEFFRGY. [4.] HEADQUARTER8 ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Ga~mp Gauley, AS~eptember 6, 1861. Brig. Gen. ALFRED BECKLEY: SIR: I take pleasure in congratulating yourself and General Chap- man upon your success in repulsing the enemy in your skirmish on last Tnesday aIi(1 upon the eligible position thereby won. I am, however, paine(l to learn of the death of yonr adjutant, Captain Loughborough. Cadet Harding, of whom you speak, is not with my brigade. It may be that he is connected with the reginient of Colonel Tompkins, this morning sent to General Wise, or of Colonel McCausland, which since Tuesday last has been stationed near Summersville, distant eight miles from this camp. I regret to learn of the difficulty between yourself and Col. A. C. Bailey. I shall expect the officers everywhere under my command to do their duty in a firm, but at the same time in a coi~cilia- tory manner. As regards those south of the Kanawha, I know that General Chapmau will do this, and I trust that you will likewise. I order that a court-martial be convened immediately upon receipt of this for the trial of the case of Colonel Bailey. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. MANASSAS. VA., 8eptcmber 6. 1861. General J. E. JOHNSTON, Duncans House, ]Jilianassas, Va.: DEAR GENERAL: I have been reflecting much on our advanced posi- tions since my visit to them, and I think under the present circumstances we can neither give them up nor allow them to be taken from us by a coup de main or an attack in force, for the effect on the morale of the enemy would be tremendous. From what I saw the other day, our reserves at Fairfax Court-House and Station (about eight miles back) are too far back to be able to come up in time to the assistance of those advanced positions; hence we must make up our minds, I think, to advance them for the present at any rate, in which case I would pro- pose the following airangements and l)ositions: One brigade (Bonhams) to or about Old Court-House near Vienna; two brigades (D. H. Jones and Cockes) to or about Falls Church; one brigade (Longstreets) to or about Munsons Hill; one brigade of yours to about half way between Munsons and Masons Hills; one brigade of yours to Masons Hill; two brigades (Walkers and Earlys) to or about Annandale; one brigade (Ewehls) to Springfield. Sonic of your other brigades might be put at Centerville, Fairfax Court-Honse and Station as a second reserve, which might occasionally be moved toward the Potomac to keep the enemy constantly alarmed for the safety of Washington, and to cross into Maryland should he send off a large force from Washington to an Page 276 276 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIlI. point on the lower Potomac. If these suggestions are accepted I would then transfer my headquarters to Annandale otherwise to Fairfax Court-House. Yours, very truly, [5.] G. T. BEAUREGARD. RICHMOND, September 7, 1861. Maj. H. L. CLAY, ]ynchbnrg, Va.: Sin: You will please furnish this Department with a list of the troops now rendezvoused at Lynchburg, noting those that are armed and those unarmed, & c. By direction of the Secretary of War the Texas troops will rendezvous at Richmond, to which place they will be for- warded as soon as they arrive. I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, R. H. CHILTON, [5.] A8sistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, September 7, 1861. General B. HUGER, Commanding, Norfolk, Va.: GENERAL: The Adjutant-General directs me to say that no tele- graphic communication except that of 6th of September has been received, and also to state that your several communications in rela- tion to North Carolina affairs have been submitted to the President, who entirely approves your measures. I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, R. II. CHILTON, [4.] A88istant Adjutant. General. RICH~IOND, September 7, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: DEAR SIR: It is with unaffected reluctance that I again c~tll your attention to the subject-matter of my last conversation with you. The deep anxiety which I feel for the protection of the sea-coast of North Carolina will with you be a good apology. Our sea-coast is nearly 400 miles in length, and hence would be incapable of a perfect state of defense. But while this is the fact, much of it is found consisting of sand-banks separated from the mainland by a continuation of sounds, which would impede the invasion of the soil by the enemy after having taken military possession of the outer banks. This is more particularly true of the northern part of our coast. In the southern part of the State the ocean washes the mainland. This is the case with that por- tion of the coast which lies between the eastern inlet of the Cape Fear River and the locality known as the head of the sound, a distance of about seven miles. The enemy, after succeeding in making a landing anywhere along here, could easily destroy the temporary fort erected near the inlet, and then would have free access to the town of Wilming- ton, which lies some nineteen miles above the inlet. The town at the present time, unprotected as it is, would be entirely at his mercy. 1 have been particular in calling your attention to this fact, as I am sat- isfied that we are only vulnerable by an approach after that manner Page 277 CHAP. LXIII.1 COR1~ESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFED1~RATE. 277 The main bar, some eight or nine miles west of the inlet above referred to, is protected by Fort Caswell, which I am informed is in good order, and can, if well manned, resist aiiy attack the enemy makes on it. The fall of Fort Hatteras, with the unnecessary capture of 700 of our best men, has fully aroused our people to a consideration of their exposed condition. The commissioners of the town of Wilmington, acting in conjunction with the committee of safety, beg me to lay these facts before your Department and invoke its assistance. We think we have men enough to protect the fort and batteries both at the inlet and bar, thereby securing the safety of the town and the surrounding country, if they were drilled in the use of heavy artillery. Our soldiers are nothing but volunteers, and while they have abundant courage they would be useless for an attack unless instructed in the use of artillery. The above authorities, feeling the force of this, jointly applied to the Governor of the State that he would appoint Col. S. L. Fremont to super. intend the erection of coast batteries, and give such instructions as practicable to our soldiers in the management of guns. The Governor complied with their request; appointed him colonel of artillery. The captain having obtained leave of absence from the road, immediately undertook this responsible task, and has done much already to give us assurance of safety. I will merely remark concerning his character that he was born and educated at the North and is a graduate of the West Point Military Academy. He early married among us, and ever since considers our country as his home. Resigning his position in the Army, he for a few years was engaged in the survey of the coast of North Carolina, from which position he was removed to the superintendency of the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, and as president of that com- pany for the last eight years, I can confidently say that I know of no one with us who could bring to our aid a better judgment or more energy than himself. He has for the last several days been intrusted by Gen- eral Gatlin with the superior command of that part of the Government. The commissioners and committee of safety would be gratified if you could give him in the Provisional Army such rank as would carry with it an authority superior to that of the colonels of the volunteer regi- ments,~s in business lie must necessarily come at times in collision with them. What rank it should be is left entirely to your better discretion. In addition to this fear, I would particularly request that you would detail such officers from the Confederate Army as may be qualified to give our men the needful instruction in the use of artillery. For this purpose, without attempting to dictate, 1 would respectfully recom- mend the appointment of Capt. J. A. Brown, late of the Federal Army and now a citizen of our town, who has our unqualified recommenda- tion, and beg that he be detailed for this purpose. But we leave all of this to your better judgment. There was another matter of conversa- tion with us on yesterday which, though not immediately connected with the defense of our coast, I would call your attention to. It was the propriety, the good feeling, of appointing one or two brrgadier- generals from the State. We have now twenty-six regiments in the Confederate service, the soldiers of which I know will do their whole duty when called into action, but I am candid in saying that they would serve with more zeal and alacrity if there was a sympathy between them and their commanding generals. I am aware that our people have not generally sought a military life, and perhaps may not have such an abundance of material as other States wherewith to make gen- erals, but there are one or two exceptionsCol. Gaston Meares and Colonel Martin. Colonel Meares was educated at West Point; remove Page 278 278 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP LXIII. early in life to Arkansas, from which State be went to the Mexican war on the staff of Colonel Yell. He afterward returned to his native State, and is now in command of Third Regiment North Carolina State Troops. His many friends think that he is well qualified to discharge the duties of a brigadier-general. Respecting the qualifications of Colonel Martin, his long and faithful service in the Federal Army is higher commendation than I can bestow on him. With great respect, [4.] W. S. ASHE. RICHMOND, September 7, 18G1. General li. F. LEE, Staunton, 1i.: GENERAL: Your several communications reporting affairs connected with your command have been submitted to the Secretary of War, who desires that au expression of his approval should be made to you. Medical officers recommended have been appointed and sent forward. Your obedient servant, R. H. CHILTON, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. [SEPTEMBER 7, 1861. ?] Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: The memorial of the undersigned citizens of the counties of Lancas- ter and Richmond, of the State of Virginia, in behalf of the citizens generally of these counties, as well as for the general interest and good of the Confederate States, respectfully represent that the county of Lancastei lies in the lower end of what is commonly known as the Northern Neck of Virginia, between the Chesapeake Bay on the east, and the iRappahannock River on the west and southwest; that the county has a shore or coast of some forty or fifty miles on the bay and Rappahannock River, besides a number of large creeks or inlets making in from the bay and river on each side, navigable for large-class vessels, and enabling them to penetrate several miles into the county in almost every direction. And iu addition to these there is the Curratoman River. a branch of the Rappahannock, running through the county and dividing it into two parts, which is navigable for seven or eight miles for large-class vessels and several miles farther for smaller ones. For several weeks past the enemys steamers have been running up and down the Rappahannock from its mouth to Moratico Creek, the bound- ary between the counties of Lancaster and Richmond, sounding the shores of the river on both sides, and entering these creeks and the Curratoman River, out of which they a few days ago took two vessels, one moored in the Curratoman River, partly loaded with wheat, and the other in Deep Creek, loaded with vegetables and other provisions for the Fredericksburg market. Within the last two weeks also the enemy has taken off~ from this county twenty-five or thirty slaves, all or most of them athletic young men. Richmond County lies immedi- ately above Lancaster on the Rappahannock, and has a shore bordering on that river of thirty-five or forty miles. Your memorialists fnrther state that there is no county in the State of Virginia or anywhere in the Confederate States more loyal and patriotic than the county of Lancaster. With a population of a littl Page 279 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 279 over 4,000, not quite one-half of which are whites, the remainder being all slaves, except a few free negroes, and wit the largest vote ever cast in the county of 432 in May last, which were given unanimously in favor of a separation of the State from the consolidated Government of the Northern States, she has raised five volunteer companies, four of which have been taken from her for the general defense of the Con- federate States, leaving only one of those companies within the borders & the county for home defense, together with a few scattering militia, barely sufficient, if all brought together, to form another company, and which, for the reason that the county has furnished largely more than her quota of 10 ~)er cent. of her white population iu volunteers for the war, it seems at least doubtful whether they can be called into service or not. The county of iRichmond has also raised and sent out four volunteer companies, and has recently raised~ another company, which your memorialists are informed is tendering its services to the Govern- ment, and which makes its full quota of 10 per cent. of its white popu- lation, none of which, except the last-mentioned company, is retained in the county. That while this county has more militia remaining than the county of Lancaster, it is presumed that under the requisition for 10 per cent. of the white population they cannot be called out, and if they can, it is a fact well known that such militia, whether in these counties or elsewhere, is almost totally inefficient for defense. Your memorialists further state that within these counties there is a large amount of wealth, consisting of fully 2,000 slaves in the county of Lancaster, with a large number, but of about an equal proportion of its population, in the county of Richmond, with very many substantial and comfortable dwelling-houses, with the necessary outhouses, and a smaller number of more elegant edifices in both counties, with much valuable real estate, of which they constitute a part; a large amount of stock and other personal estate, and a large amount of grain of the last and present years crops yet on hand, all of which, as well as the lives and liberties of our people generally, and the honor of our women, is exposed to the marauding depredations of the enemy; that the slave population is becoming restless and discontented on account of the frequent escapes of that class of our population, and that there is great danger of losing a very large number of those slaves. It is only by the protection of our property that we shall be able to pay our portion of the required revenues of the Government, which, as loyal citizens, we are willing and anxious to pay to the Government of our choice. Your memorialists further state that they have called upon Brigadier- General Holmes, in command of that part of the State to which they belong, for some protection in their exposed and defenseless condition, but that after repeated calls they have only been able to obtain a com- pany of cavalry armed with pistols and sabers only, which, though it be a most gallant comnpany that would render most efficient service when it could come in contact with the enemy, is wholly inefficient in acting against an enemy who keeps on board his ships, or, if he leaves them and comes on shore, keeps himself under cover of his heavy artil- lery on board of those ships, while he is constantly annoying our peaceable citizens by passing up and down our shores firing upon the few soldiers we have and even upon peaceable fishermen, shelling our houses, and enticing and carrying off our slaves. Your memorialists further state that they have been informed that some time ago an order was issued from the Department of the Govern- ment over which you preside for the construction of fortifications a Page 280 280 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL Grays Point and Cherry Point, on the Itappahannock River; that guns were actually sent to the former place, and a regiment of infantry ordered to each place for the protection of those engaged in the intended fortifications, but that this order was countermanded upon representations made to the Department by some officious persoii or persons that these fortifications were unnecessary, and that the locali- ties where they were intended to be erected were so unhealthy as to make it impossible to keel) a force there, which would be cut off, not by the enemy, but by the diseases incident to the climate. Xow, your memorialists assert that there is not a more healthy situation than Cherry Point to be found anywhere in the State of Virginia; that about this place the banks of the river are high; that there is no marsh in the neighborhood, and being very near the mouth of the river it has the constant breezes from the bay always blowing upon it, and such situations are known through the lower country to be proverbially healthy, and in this respect no way inferior even to the mountainous ranges of the country. Your memorialists further state that the river between these points is less than two miles wide; that fortifications erected thereon would completely command the ]i~appahannock, and leave but a small portion of its shore and of the bay shore to be defended below, and would be an entire protection to the whole country draim~ed by the Rappahan- nock above. Your mnemorialists beg leave also to call the attention of the Department to the necessity of these fortifications on the Rappa- hannock River as a defense to the city of Richmnoud. At present there is nothing to prevent the enemy from landing in any force he may think proper at Urbana, in Middlesex County, and from that point to the York River Railroad at West Point is only about sixteen miles. It will be recollected also that Urbana is not more than twenty miles from the track of the enemys steamers in going up and down the Chesapeake Bay; that it would be an easy matter for them to fit out an exl)edition against Richmond, run their steamers up the Rappahan- nock, land their forces at Urbana, and march across to West Poimit, take possession of the railroad there, and move on to Richmond before any army of the Confederate States could be gotten in position to meet them from any J)oint at which an army is now encamped known to your memorialists. Your muernorialists further state that so far as the protection to their counties above is concerned they believe that an efficient battery of rifled cannon of flying artillery would be sufficiemit for their defense, as such a battery could probably keep off the enemys steamers from landing, all(l indeed drive them from the river, unless they should attempt to land in force for the purpose of moving on Richmond, and in that event they would not land on their side of the river, but on the Middlesex side. Your menioriahists further state that they have recently been informed that no longer ago than last week or the week before an order was issued from this Department to Colonel Richardson, of the Forty-seventh Regi- ment of Virginia Volunteers, to move his regiment to the county of Lancaster; that General Holmes publicly said that lie would have that order countermanded if he could~ that Colonel Richardson positively refused to obey the order; that the lieutenant-colonel of that regiment was sent to Richmond to obtain a countermand of that order, and that the order has been countermanded. Your memorialists would most respectfully ask if the information they have received be correct? And if so, they beg most respectfully to ask if their section of the country is to be abandoned to the enemy because either a general or subordinat Page 281 281 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. officer of the Army is opposed to going to that section upon the false notion that it is unhealthy. And suppose it be true that it is un- healthy, are our people and their property to be abandoned to the tender mercies of the enemy because unfortunately they live in an unhealthy country, and that when their own soldiers have been taken away from their defense? And they would most respectfully ask if this be the protection that they are to look for from the Government of their choice? They cannot believe it; and they humbly and most respectfully pray that the Government will take some steps for their defense. Could they have their choice, they would say let the batteries at Cherry Point and Grays Point ~be erected as was originally contem- plated and a regiment of infantry be sent for the protection of each. If this cannot be thus, then they would ask that they might have a bat- tery of flying artillery with rifled caiinon for their defense. And if they cannot have this, let them have a sufficient infantry force to keep the enemy on his ships and prevent his lauding on our soil, and so to guard the shores of the county as to preveiit the escape of their slaves. And if this cannot be, at least they would ask that their own soldiers, who are not afraid of the climate, may be sent back, to give them such pro- tection as they may be able to give. And your memorialists, as in duty bound, will ever pray, & c. SAML. GRESHAM, of Lancaster County. A. L. CARTER, of Lancaster County. THOMAS JONES, of Richmond County. We file herewith a note of introduction by Governor Letcher. [luciosure] SEPTEMBER 7, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War: SIR: I beg leave to introduce to you Colonel Carter, Mr. Gresham, and Lieutenant Jones, who reside on the Rappahannock River. These gentlemen desire to confer with you respecting niatters in which they have the deepest interest, the defense of their sectioii. These are gen- tlemen of the highest respectability and are entitled to consideration. I am, truly, JOHN LETCfl ER. [5.] FAIRFAX CouRT-HOUSE, September 8, 1861. Hon. L. P. WALKER: It is important that the telegraph line be extended to Masons Hill, eight miles in advance of this. Most of the distance is along turnpike leading hence to Alexandria. Most respectfully, ~. LONGSTREET, Brigadier. General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, September 8, 1861. General JoHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of Kanawha: GENERAL: From reports that have reached inc by citizens of Web- ster County 1 have thought it probable that the enemys force you mention at Suttousville is being increased with a view of making Page 282 282 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. sudden blow at you. It is said that five regiments have been moved toward that point. Your position seems to be an inviting one for such a movement. I hope you are well informed of the enemys force and probable intentions, and unless sufficiently strong would recoin- mend recrossing the Gauley. With great respect, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [5.] General, (Jommand iug. General FLOYD: SUMMERSYiLLE, VA., & ptember ~ 1861. SIR: News has just reached me of the advance of the enemy to near Powells Mountain, twelve miles and a half distant. They report re-enforcements at Sutton, and this advance is made in consequence. The scouts report an advance party of 2,000, followed by 4,000 more. If this is true, they are intended to re-enforce (Jox. Jf it is smaller, they want to drive us from this place. I do not think the force is as large as reported, but they are advancing with some force. I report these facts to you in conformity to your instructions. I have ordered the wagons at the mill to load and leave for your camp. They will leave some corn, which cannot be taken away for want of wagons. All the meal, however, will go. In haste, JNO. MOCAUSLAND, [5.] Colonel, (Jommanding. CONFIDENTIAL.] HEADQUARTERS. Valley Mountain, September 8 1861. First. General II. R. Jackson, commanding Monterey Division, will detail a column of not more than 2,000 in cii, nnder Colonel Rust, to turn the enemys position at Cheat Mountain Pass at daylight on the 12th instant, Thursday. During the night preceding the morning of the 12th instant, General Jackson having left a suitable guard for his own position, with the rest of his available force will take post on the east- ern ridge of Cheat Mountain, occupy the enemy in front and co-operate in the assault of his attacking column should circunistances favor. The march of Colonel Rust will be so regulated as to obtain his position during the same night, and at dawn of the appointed day (Thursday, 12th) he will, if possible, surprise the enemy in his trenches and carry them. Second. The pass having been carried, General Jackson, with his whole fighting force, will immediately move forward toward Hut- tonsville, prepared against an attack from the enemy, taking every precaution against firing upon the portion of the army operating west of Cheat Mountain, and ready to co-operate with it against the enemy in Tygarts Valley. The supply wagons of the advancing column will follow, and the reserve will occupy Cheat Mountain. Third. General Andersons brigade will move down Tygarts Valley, following the west slope of Cheat Mountain range, concealing his movement from the enemy. On reaching Wymans or the vicinity he will report his force unobserved, send forward intelligent officers to make sure of his further course, and during the night of the 11th (Wednesday) proceed to Staun- ton turnpike where it intersects the west top of Cheat Mountain, so as to arrive there as soon after daylight on the 12th (Thursday) as possi- ble. He will make dispositions to hold the turnpike, prevent re-enforce- meuts reaching Cheat Mountain Pass, cut the telegraph wire, and b Page 283 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCCONFEDERATE. 283 prepared if necessary to aid in the assault of the enemys position on the middle top of Cheat Mountain by General Jacksons division the result of which he must await. He must particularly keep in mind that the movement of General Jackson is to surprise the enemy in their defenses. He must, therefore, not discover his movement nor advance beyond a point before Wednesday night, when he can conceal his force. Cheat Mountain Pass being carried, he will turn down the moun- tain and press upon the left and rear of the enemy in Tygarts Valley, either by the old or iiew turnl)ike or the Beckytown road, according to circumstances. Fourth. General Donelsons brigade will advance on the right of Tygarts Valley River, seizing the paths and avenues lead- ing from that side to the river and drivinH back the enemy that might endeavor to retard the advance of the center along the turnpike or turn his right. Fifth. Such of the artillery as may not be used on the flanks will proceed along the liuttonsville turnpike, supported by Major Munfords battalion, fbllo wed by the ,of Colonel Gilhams brigade in reserve. Sixth. Colonel Burks brigade will advance on the left of Tygarts Valley River in supporting distance to the center, and clear that side of the valley of the forces of the enemy that night obstruct. ing the advance of the artillery. Seventh. The cavalry under Major Lee will follow, according to the nature of the ground, in rear of the left of Colonel Burks brigade. He will watch the movements of the enemy in that quarter, give notice, and prevent if possible, any attempt to turn the left of the river, and be prepared to strike wheii opportunity offers. Eighth. The wagons of each brigade, properly packed and ~narded, nn(ler the charge of their respective quartermasters, who will personally superintend their movements, will pursue the main turnpike under the general direction of the acting quartermaster, in rear of the army and out of cannon range of the enemy. Ninth. Commanders on both lines of operations will particularly see that their escorts wear the distinguishing badge; that both officers and men take every precaution not to fire on our o ~n troops. This is essentially necessary, as the forces on both sides of Cheat Mountain may unite. They will also use every exertion to prevent noise and straggling from the ranks, correct quickly any confusion that may occur, and cause their commands to rapidly execute their move Lnents when in presence of the enemy. By command of Brigadier-General Loring: C. L. STEVENSON, [5.] Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHWEST, No. 10. 5 Valley Mountain, September 8, 1861. The following organization of th~ Army of the Northwest is pub- lished for the information of all concerned: First Brigade, Brig. Gen. H. B. JacksonTwelfth Georgia, Third Arkansas, Thirty-first and Fifty- second Virginia Regiments, llansbronghs battalion, Danville Artillery, and Jackson Cavalry. Second Brigade, Brig. Gen. S. B. AndersonFirst, Seventh, and Fourteenth Tennessee Regiments, Hampden Artillery, and Alexanders company of cavalry. Third Brigade, Brigadier- General J)onelsonEighth and Sixteenth Tennessee, First and Fourteenth Geor- gia Regiments, C reenbrier Cavalry. Fourth Brigade, Col. William Gil- hamTwenty-first Virginia, Sixth North Carolina, First Battalion of Pro- visional Army~ Troup Artillery. Fifth Brigade, Col. William B. Talia- ferroTwenty-third, Twenty-fifth, Thirty-seventh. and Forty-fourth Vir- ginia Regiments, Rices and the Lee batteries of artillery. Sixth Brigade, Col. J. S. BurksForty-second and Forty-eighth Virginia Regiment Page 284 284 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. ~VA. [CHAP. tXIII. and Lees cavalry. For field service, a section of the 11am pden Artil- lery will be assigned to the Third l3rigade, and one from the Troap Artillery with the Sixth Brigade. Commanders will send to the head- quarters as soon as practicable a return of their respective brigades. By order of General Loring: C. L. STEVENSON, [5.] A djutant- General. CONFIDENTIAL.] HEADQUARTERS, Valley Mountain, September 9, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of Kanauha, Camp Gauley: GENERAL: Great efforts have been made to place this column in marching condition. Although the roads are continuous tracks of mud, iii which the wagons plunge up to their axles, I hope the forces can be united with a few days supply of provisions, so as to move forward on Thursday, 12th instant. I therefore advise you of the probability that on your part you may be prepared to take advantage of it, and if cir- cumstances render it advisable to act oii your side. Ihavethe honor to be, your obedient servant,~~ E. LEE, [5.] General Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, September 9, 1861. Col. ST. GEORGE CROGHAN: SIR: Your favor of yesterday has been received. I have made arrangements which will be carried into effect as soon as possible to have the hospital in Lewisburg properly organized and supervised. In the meantime yoi~ are hereby authorized and instructed to gather ap such of the soldiers as are parading the streets and troubling the town and bring them with your command of cavalry to this camp, or send them sooner if in your judgment they are fit for service. Iii other words, you will investigate the cases of the invalids and bring them into camp with you or send all of them who you may think can render service. You are also authorized to exempt from enlistment among the militia all mechanics, artisans, & c., who in your judgment may render the public more efficient service by proseenting their respective trades at home. The embarrassment of the brigade in consequence of there being no bonded quartermaster in Lewisbur~, shall be remedied immediately. To effect this I will order the quartermaster of Fifty- first Regiment, Capt. Mitchell Tate, who has executed his bond as quartermaster, to stop in Lewisburg and await my ord~is. I have received reliable information that the enemy are advancing from Sutton in large force, 6,000 strong. You will therefore hasten up with your cavalry as soomi as they are able to move. lii the meantime you will make a memorandum of the purchases or of the expenditures which in your Ju(lglnent the interest of the brigade requires to be made in Lew- isburg, and leave it with Captain Tate. Or should he not be in Lewis- burg when you move, bring it with you. The Union man who has been admitted to bail you will have arrested if you can, and send all the prisoners at Lewisburg to Richmond. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha Page 285 CHAP. LXIII.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 285 SUMMERSYILLE, VA., September 9, 1861. General FLOYD: Sin: The scouts report a large force this side of Powells Mountain, some eight miles distant. They were advancing just before sunset. They further report the burning of Sutton and the wire bridge across Elk. This I can hardly believe, because I see no good reason for it. They report 100 or more wagons and say that the encampment last night covered two large fields. This, however, may have been done for effect. The cavalry sent out yesterday reports heavy cannonading yesterday np the country. These reports I send for your consideration. I have pre- pared my command for any emergency. Captain McCartney and Major Reynolds passed here this evening; they lost some time here, but I has- tened them off. Respectfully. MoCAUSLANIJ, [~.1 Colonel, Commanding, cQc. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, September 9, 1861. Col. W. J. CLARKE, Comdg. Fourteenth Regiment North Carolina Volunteers: Sin: Reliable intelligence has this evening reached General Floyd that the enemy, in large force, are advancing npon him within eighteen miles of this camp. You will therefore proceed at once, upon receipt of this, with your regiment to join him. The force of General Floyd at this camp is much inferior in number to that of the enemy reported to be advancing upon him. It is, then, highly important that all the re- enforcement which he can get should promptly join him, in order that he may be able to maintain his position here. By order, & c.: WILLIAM E. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. (Same letter written to Col. A. R. Wright Third Regiment Georgia Volunteers, and to Col. Walton Ector, Thirteenth Regiment Georgia Volunteers.) [5.] SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS MONTEREY LINE, NORTHWEST ARMY, No. 113. ) Gree brier River, September 9, 1861. 1. Major Boykin, commanding Thirty-first Virginia Volunteers, will report forthwith to Colonel Rust, commanding Third Arkansas Volun- teers, for duty. 2. Lieutenant-Colonel llansbrough, commanding battalion, will re- port forthwith to Colonel Rust, commanding Third Arkansas, for duty. 3. Major Reger, commanding battalion, will i~eport forthwith to Col- onel Fulkerson for duty. 4. The troops brigaded under Colonels Fulkerson and Rust will draw forthwith four days rations of salt meat and hard bread. By command of Brig. Gen. II. R. Jackson, commanding line: F. S. BLOOM, [5.] Aide-de- Camp Page 286 286 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXlJL HEADQUARTERS AR~ Y OF THE KANAWHA, Camp (Jauley, September 9, 1861. Lieutenant-Colonel CROGHAN: SIR: My letter already started before the last communication from you was received is an answer to this. 11 would like exceedingly to do the things you suggest, but I cannot spare you at the present moment. If my cavalry shall prove inefficiently arme(l I will convert theni into infantry or mounted gunmen. They will in that way answer the pur- pose for this campaign. After we enter the Valley of the Kanawha, which by Gods help I hope shortly to do, we will have time enough to arm and equip our troops for more efficient services. In the meantime we must make all possible speed to take the field with all the force it is possible to command. The enemy is in strong force at Suttonsville and is menacing Summersville, and a report reaches me to-day that Cox had received re-etiforcements at month of Gauley. We must be actively moving; therefore I hope you will move up with all speed. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Ji7anawha. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE KANAWHA, Camp (Jauley, September 9, 1861. Maj. 0-en. H. E. LEE: SIR: The salt-works at Bulltown are occupied by a regiment of the enemy, numbering 1,000 men, whilst the force at Suttonsville is at least 3,000, so there is no means of procuring salt from that direction, nor is there for the present from the Kanawha Valley. There can, how ever, be gotten 3,000 or 4,000 bushels of salt from Wartield, a small salt-works on the borders of Kentucky across the river from Logan County. Sup- posing from your letter that the supply to your force is important, I have given orders to. an active, energetic man to procure imme(liateLy wagons sufficient to take your supply of salt to Lewisburg. I will send a strong escort of cavalry whenever there is danger, to insure the safe delivery of the salt to your orders at Lewisburg. This is the only means by which salt can be furnished at present from this region of the west. Information, I know not how reliable, conies to me of a strong force, much beyond my own, advancing upon me froni the direction of Sat- tonsville. My force is but little over one-half its strength, owii igto sickness of every sort, arising from the wet we~ ther and exposure. Time regiments from Georgia and North Carolina have not come up, and my force here is less than 2,000 men. Still, 1 will fight whatever force the enemy may bring against me here, and if he does not advance I will, whenever the people I am expecting shall come upadvance to the Kanawha River in the rear of General Cox. I am satisfied, from close observation in this region, that the enemy must be driven out, or if that is for the present unattainable, then there should be such a force sent into this country as will satisfy the inhabitants that the country will not be abandoned to thq enemy. General Wise is about Ilawks Nest, and seenis very solicitous to keep his command concentrated there. If a larger force could be sent to me without detriment to the service else- where, it would greatly promote the public interest. I am quite confi- dent that a great change could be enforced upon the enemys plans if we could again possess ourselves of the Kanawha Valley. It is, I a Page 287 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 287 sure, quite attain~ible to cross the Ohio River and lay waste the right bank of the river, so as to force a withdrawal of the enemy from Vir- ginia, or at least to materially jeopardize their supplies. A few regi- ments now would prove sufficient for this purpose. It is rumored that Cox is receiving reenforcements at Gauley Bridge. If this be true, the necessity for strengthening our forces here becomes very urgent. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Ganley, September 9, 1861. Maj. ISAAC B. DUNN: SIR: General Floyd addressed you a letter six days since urging you to hurry up by all possible means the regiments on the march to re-enforce him. He has this evening been reliably informed that the enemy in large force, not less than 4,000 strong, are advancing upon him on this side of Powells Mountain. General Floyds force is not half so strong as that of the enemy. He regrets exceedingly that the re-enforcements intended for him have not reached him, as with them he could maintain his position here against any force which the enemy could send against him ; whereas without them there is danger of his being overwhelmed by numbers. He has ordered the regiments at Lewisburg, the Fourteenth North Carolina and the Third Georgia, to join him without delay, as it would be hard for him to be cut to pieces by superior numbers within so short a distance of forces sent to support him, and which by their presence could prevent it. You will, therefore, employ every means to enable these regiments to move at once upon receipt of this to his support. Orders have been sent to them to this effect. General Floyd has been unofficially informed that there is a third regiment on the way to join him, and is probably in Lewisburg. If so, the same order applies to it that has been sent to the two regi- ments above alluded to. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 274. 5 Richmond, September 10, 1861. * * * * * * * VII. The artillery companies of Virginia Volunteers, commanded respectively by Capts. C. C. Otey and Alexander Jordan, no wat Staunton, will proceed immediately to Yorktown and report to Brigadier-General Magruder, who will assign them to duty in the naval and intrenchment batteries at Gloucester Point. For the same service Capt. W. C. Jef- fress company of artillery, now in camp near this city, is detailed, and the company will move at once to report accordingly. * * * * * * * By order: GEO. DEAS, Assistant Adjutant- General. [4. Page 288 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. 288 HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Gauley, September 10, 1861. General A. A. CHAPMAN: DEAR SIR: The enemy is gathering up his whole strength for an attack npon me at this place, which will uot, I am sure, be deferred longer than the 12th or 13th at the farthest. Their force will consist of 5,000 men from Suttonsyille, now within one days march of me, and such forces as he can spare, which I think will be about 2,000 men. To meet this force I have an inadequate number of men. I have there- fore determined to call upon you for 800 men. Send them under com- mand of your best colonel, and send them with full supplies for a week at least. Let them come with all possible speed, and send your men [as] thoroughly armed as you can make them. They ought to reach me early Thursday if they push forward, which I am sure you will urge them to do. I am, very truly, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [~.1 Brigadi8r-General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 150. Richmond, September 11, 1861. * * * * * * * VII. Captain Penicks company from Pittsylvaiiia County, Va., is attached to Major Montagues battalion of Virginia Volunteers stationed near Williamsburg. * * * * * * * XVIII. The following troops are assigned to the command of Brigadier-General Magruder, and will proceed with the least practi- cable delay to Yorktown, Va., and report to him for duty. Transpor- tation will be furnished at once. Should any companies of either regiment be unarmed, they will be left behind until arms can be pro- vided: Col. T. H. R. Cobbs Georgia Legion, Col. Howell Cobbs Six- teenth Georgia Volunteers, Col. B. T). Frys Thirteenth Regiment Alabama Volunteers, Colonel Sulakowskis Thirteenth Louisiana Volunteers. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, VA., September 11, 1861. SECRETARY OF WAR: DEAR SIR: I suggested to you this morning the propriety of send- ing by the way of the Northwestern road to Northwestern Virginia a few regiments of volunteers. General Lee, I learn, has commenced his march upon the enemy in Tygarts Valley, in the county of Randolph, and no doubt will drive the enemy from his position. And it seems to me that if a force was sent immediately by the way of Winchester along the Northwestern road the enemy could be certainly captured or driven out of that entire country. The Yankees are scattered in small detachments in various counties in the northwest, and are tak- ing our horses and cattle and quartering their army upon oar people Page 289 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 289 What they have purchased has not been paid for, and I suppose never will. We have 40,000 good fighting men that are cut off by the lines of the enemy. Let them be released by driving out the enemy, and I guarantee that we will raise 10,000 troops there to defend that country. Hoping that you and the President will immediately take this matter under consideration, I am, very respectfully, yours, & c., T. S. RAYMOND. [Indorsement.j I reside in the northwestern part of the State, and fully agree with General Raymond in his opinions and concur in his suggestions. JOHN BIIANNON. [5.] SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 151. * 5 Richmond, & ptember 12, 1861. * * * * * * XII. The eight unarmed companies of Louisiana Volunteers now encamped near this city will constitute a battalion, which will at once proceed to Norfolk, Va., under the command of Lient. Col. C. M. Brad- ford, Provisional Army, and report for duty at the batteries to General Huger, commanding. Col. Maxcy Greggs regiment, South Car9lina Volunteers, will also proceed to Norfolk, Va., and report for duty to General Huger, commanding. Transportation will be furnished at once. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant-General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSI. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 276. Richmond, September 12, 1861. * * * * * * * XVI. The Sixth Regiment Virginia Cavalry is hereby constituted, and as such will be reported to General Johnston, commanding the Army of the Potomac: Colonel, Charles W. Field; lieutenant colonel, Williams C~ Wickham; major, J. Grattan Cabell. Companies: Governors Guard, Captain ; Henrico Light Dragoons, Captain ; Loudoun Cavalry, Capt. W. W. Mead; Rappahannock Cavalry, Capt. J. S. Green; Wise Dragoons, Capt. J. A. Adams; Fairfax Cavalry, Capt. E. B. Pow- ell; Dulany Troop, Capt. II. H. Dulany. Three other companies will hereafter be assigned to this regiment. * * * * * * * XVIII. The four companies of artillery commanded, respectively, by Capts. C. L. Smith, J. B. Cosnahan, Alex. H. Hankins, aud W. II. Gar- rett, are detached from Colonel Ewells regiment, Thirty-second Vir- ginia Volunteers, and are assigned to the regiment of artillery to be organized in the Army of the Peninsula by Brigadier-General Magruder, commanding. The field officers of this regiment are Col. George W. Randolph, Lient. Col. H. C. Cabell, and Maj. J. Thompson Brown. XIX. The Franklin Fire Eaters, Capt. E. T. Bridges; Franklin Sharpshooters, Capt. W. T. James; Rivanna Guards, Capt. John B. Magruder, anti Whitehall Guards, Capt. J. Augustus Michie, Virginia 19 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 290 290 MD., E. N. C., PK, VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. FCHAP. LXIII. Volunteers, in camp near this city, are assigned to Colonel Ewells regiment, and will proceed without delay to Williamsburg. * * * * * * * By order of: GEO. DEAS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Walker, September 12, 1861. General A. A. CHAPMAN: Sin: On the 10th instant the enemy, 8,000 strong, commanded by IRosecrans, advanced upon me at my position on the right bank of Gau- ley. They commenced the attack upon me at 3.15 p. m. and the contest lasted until night. They were repulsed by my men in five distinct and successive charges. As their force was overwhelmingly large as com- pared with my own, I determined to recross the Gauley as instructed to do by General Lee, and take position on the left bank. This I did without accident, in perfect order. My injury in the engagement was insignificant, amounting to only twenty wounded. The loss of the enemy, I have reason to believe from the statements of prisoners and from other sources, very considerable. But the country I find entirely exhausted of every means of subsisting my people, and the enemy in very strong force is, I understand, crossing the river with a view to a movement upon Lewisburg. I have hence resolved to fall back beyond the junction of the Meadow River road and the turnpike, with the view of checking their advance by the former. You will there- fore fall back through the county of Monroe, with the view of co-operat- ing with and joining me if necessary at Meadow Bluff. Upon this we can later confer, as I shall communicate with you often and inform you of my movements. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Walker, September 12, 1861. Brig. Gen. HENRY A. WISE: Sin: I understand that the position near the Hawks Nest lately occupied by you, and which a force of militia was ordered to take and defend, has been abandoned by them. The position is well known to you. You will send at once a force adequate to protect it. Your obedient servant, WM. E. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. The above is signed by the adjutant of General Floyd as the latter has not the use of his right hand. [5.] ______ SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 152. Richmond, September 13, 1861. * * * * * * * XII. Colonel Russells Twentieth Regiment Mississippi Volunteers, and Colonel Phillips Legion, Georgia Volunteers, will immediately proceed to Lewisburg, Va., and report to General Floyd, commanding Page 291 Cn~. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 291 XIII. The two regiments of Georgia Volunteers which have been longest at Lynchburg, Va., will immediately proceed to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 2. September 13, 1861. The commanding general is pleased to express his high appreciation of the conduct of the officers and soldiers under Colonel Stuart in the combat at Lewinsville on the 11th instant. Such deeds are worthy the emulation of the best trained soldiers. Three hundred and five infantry, under Major Terrill and a section of artillery, under Captain Hosser, and a detachment of the First Cavalry, under Captain Patrick, met and routed at least thrice their numbers of infantry, artillery, and cavalry without loss. This handsome t~ffair should remind our forces that num- bers are of little avail compared with the importance of coolness, firm- ness, and careful attention to orders. If our men will do themselves justice, the enemy cannot stand before them. By order of Brigadier.General Longstreet: F. S. ARMISTEAD, [5.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. MEADOW BLUFF, September 13, 1861. Brig. Gen. J. B. FLOYD: SIR: Hearing on the night of the 11th that you had had an engage- ment with the enemy and had fallen back across Gauley, I dispatched a picket immediately to Hughes Ferry by the Wilderness road, fearing that they might attempt your rear by that route or come on to the turnpike and cut off your supplies. I have moved on my cavalry at the earliest moment practicable, and have determined to halt for further orders, for the reason that I am informed by an officer from your camp, Lieutenant Quarrier, that you have ordered the Georgia and North Carolina regiments to halt at Tyrees, and have taken up your headquarters at Dogwood Gap. As the whole complexion of affairs has changed since I heard from you, and as the Wilderness road is a very important way of entrance for the enemy, I have considered it probably better for me to send to you for instructions, and in the mean- time keep a force upon the Wilderness road. I feel that this is my proper course, although it may be seemingly disobeying instructions, for the reason that there is a road leading from McClungs, on the Wil- derness road, ten miles from llughes~ Ferry, which leads to Nicholls Mill, on the Meadow River, and thence leads into the turnpike near Frank Tyrees, at foot of Big Sewell. The enemy can take either that road or come straight to the turnpike one mile from here. There is also another road, leading from Gauley River at Williams Ferry and, cross- ing Coal Knob, comes in at Lewisburg through Williamsburg, or through the latter place to the turnpike, four miles above this. These roads ar Page 292 292 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXJII. very important routes to the enemy, and I shall watch them with all my available force until I receive orders from you. I have had a picket on the Wilderness road near Hughes Ferry since yesterday morning. I sent it from Lewisburg. A force of about 200 militia will join me to-day from Lewisburg. I await your orders. I am, sir, respectfully, ST. GEG. CItO(+HAN, [5.] Lientenant- Colonel, Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp near Tyrees, September 13, 1861. Licut. (Jol. ST. GEORGE CROGHAN: Sin: I am instructed by General Floyd to reply to your letter of this date. The report which reached you of an engagement with the enemy on the 10th was correct. They, between 8,000 and 9,000 strong, with iRosecrans in command, advanced upon the position of General Floyd on the Gauley. Their approach was rapid, determined, and confident. The engagement commenced at 3.15 oclock, and was continued till night put an end to it. The enemy were supported by two rifle cannon and four howitzers. They were repulsed in five successive and resolute charges. The men under the command of General Floyd stood the fire well, and behaved themselves, I think, to his satisfaction, He did not sustain the loss of a single man. The number of his wounded was twenty. The loss of the enemy, judging from the statements of pris- oners taken during the fight, must have been heavy. General Floyd, knowing that his force was vastly inferior to that of the enemy, and feeling that their advantage over him in numbers was enhanced by their having two rifle cannon, against which his temporary and iinper- fect defense could not staiid very long, determined to recross the Gauley. This he did with great success, not losing a man and without accidents of any kind. He proceeded to the turnpike and took position midway between the junctions of the Saturday and Sunday roads with it. The surrounding country, however, he found entirely exhausted of all means of subsisting his ~stock. This consideration, in addition to the fact that he was informed the enemy was crossing the river probably at two points, Carnifix and Hughes Ferries, with the view of moving upon Lewisburg, induced him to abandon this position, which he did this morning at 4 oclock, and took up the line of march to this point. The above reference to the motives and objects of his action will readily suggest to you the light in which he regards your prompt movement in watching the Meadow River road. He not only approves it, but instructs me to say that it is entitled to the highest commenda- tion and praise, evincing as well high military discrimination as prompt- ness and judiciousness of action. So deeply was he impressed with the importance of this road to the enemy in the accomplishment of their design upon Lewisburg and of their plan of intercepting his sup- plies, that he sent a corps of militia commanded by Colonel Henry to take position near Meadow Bluff and watch the road with all vigilance. You will continue to scout and guard the roads named in your letter until otherwise ordered. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WILLIAM E. PETERS, 15-i Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade Page 293 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 293 IRIORMOND, September 13, 1861. General H. C. GATLIN, Goldsborough, N. C.: Report to me the strength and position of each separate command in your department, what reenforcements you expect from the State of North Carolina, and whether you caii raise troops tir local defense. Unarmed companies as far as may be necessary may be received. S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, September 13, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant-General C. S. Army, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: In reply to your dispatch of this date, I have to report that there are on the Cape Fear defenses two regiments of infantry, one company of cavalry, and one light battery, numbering about 1,700 effective men. In further reply to your dispatch of this date, I have the honom to inclose an imperfect report of the miumber of troops in this department and their locations. Assistant Adjutant-General Rid- dick, who is now at Richmond, has more perfect data as to the exact numbers, which he will furnish you. I went to Raleigh yesterday with the view of ascertaining what troops I might expect to be furnished by the State. I learned that Clingmans regiment, numbering 1,100 men, was at Asheville and was under orders for Wilmington. As they have a march of seventy miles to make before they reach the railroad, I do not look for them here for a week. They are to be furnished with arms on their arrival at Raleigh. Colonel Shaws regiment, I was informed, had been ordered to Roanoke Island; its strength I did not learn. Since the receipt of your dispatch I have telegraphed to learn the force I was to expect from the State, but could hear of but these two regi- ments. As to the number of troops to be raised for local defenses I am not informed, but under the authority of your dispatch I shall pro. ceed to raise such as I can and deem ad~4sable. I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, September 13, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General C. S. Army, Richmond: GENERAL: In further reply to your dispatch of the 12th instant I have the honor to inclose herewith a report of the stations and l)roXi- mate number of effective troops serving in this department. The report is made in the absence of records. Assistant Adjutant-General Rid- dick, who is now in Richmond, has more perfect data as to the num- bers which he has probably furnished you. I visited Raleigh yesterday with the view of ascertaining what additional number of troops the State would furnish, and have since telegraphed ou the subject. I was informed that Chiugmans regiment, numbering 1,100, was at Asheville under orders for Wilmington, and Shaws regiment, number not stated, was under orders for Roanoke Island. The orders for these two regi- ments probably came from the Governor of the State. They had no Page 294 294 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. YA. [CHAP. LXIII. been previously reported to me. It is not probable that the first-named regiment will reach Wilmin rtou for a week~ the time of movement of the latter was not stated. As to the number to be raised for local defenses I am not informed, but under the authority of your dispatch I will proceed to raise such as I can and in such numbers as in my judgment seem advisable. In glancing over the report you will, I think, be struck with the very limited number of men compared with the extent of the coast to be guarded, and I trust that the President will think proper to scud me three of the North Carolina regiments until others can be rai~ed. There is a pressing necessity for them. Very respectfully, your obedient servant H. C. GATLIN, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [Inclosure.] HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, September 13, 1861. Report of the stations and proximate number of effective troops in the Department of North Carolina on the 13th of September, 1861: For the defense of the Cape Fear: Two regiments of infantry 1, 500 One company of cavalry 75 One light artillery battery - - 90 1, 665 Garrison of Fort Macon and its dependencies: Five companies serving as artillery 400 One company serving as light artillery 80 Two regiments of infantry 1, 500 1, 980 Near New Berne: Two companies serving as heavy artillery 150 One company of artillery (no horses) SO Five companies of infantry 375 ______ 605 Near Washington: Remnant of companies of Seventh Regiment of Volanteers 130 Total 4, 380 On Roanoke Island: One regiment of Georgia Volanteers. Garrison of Fort Oregon. In glancing over the report you will, I think, be struck with the very small number of men compared with the great extent of coast to be guarded, and I trust the President will think proper to send ns three of the North Carolina regiments, to serve in this department, until others can be raised. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. C. GATLIN, Brigadier- General, Commanding. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General, Richmond. [~~1 RICHMOND, September 13, 1861. Governor H. T. CLARK, Raleigh, N. C.: Please state the number of troops you have sent to the coast of North Carolina since the fall of Hatteras, and what addition you can promptly make to those you have already sent. [4.] JEFFN DAVIS Page 295 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 295 RICaMoND, Sejptember 13, 1861. General H. C. GATLIN, New Berne, N. C.: GENERAL: I transmit herewith copy of a telegraphic dispatch from the President to Governor H. T. Clark on the subject of the transfer of the North Carolina State Troops to the C. S. service. You will perceive by the dispatch that it is contemplated that you shonld cause such of the troops thus transferred and now serving in the State of North Carolina to be mustered into service. I do not find any instructions to you on this subject from this office, and this communication you will consider as instructions for the muster. Yours, & c., S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 153. 5 Richmond, September 14, 1861. * * * * * * * XVI. Colonel Wards regiment of Florida Volunteers will proceed ti. Yorktown, Va., with as little delay as practicable, and report for duty to General Magruder, commanding. * * * * * * * By corn ruand of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 1. September 14, 1861. The commanding officers of the different advanced positions will con- stantly employ every available hand in the construction of artillery- proof parapets in their fronts. Any deficiency in the implements nec- essary for the construction of these works will be speedily reported to these headquarters. By order of Brigadier-General Longstreet: F. S. ARMISTEAD, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS, No. . Camp on Valley River, September 14, 1861. The forced reconnaissance of the enemys position, both at Cheat Mountain Pass and Valley River, having been completed and the char- acter of the natural approaches and nature of the artificial defenses exposed, the Army of the Northwest will resume its former position at such time and in such manner as General Loring shall direct, and continue its preparations for further operations. The commanding general experienced much gratification at the cheerfulness and alacrity displayed by the troops in this arduous operation, the promptitude with which they surmounted every obstacle, driving in and capturing the enemys pickets on the fronts examined, and exhibiting that readi- ness for attack which gives assurance of victory when a fit opportunity offers. H. E. LEE, General, Commanding. [5. Page 296 296 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CRAP. LXIIl. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Col. J. G. MARTIN, Goldsborough, September 14, 1861. Adjutant .General, Raleigh, N. C.: COLONEL: Be so good as to inform me what troops, besides Cling- mans and Shaws regiments, it is contemplated by the Governor to raise for the defense of North Carolina, and by what time J may expect them. It is necessary that I should have at least five additional regiments, and that speedily. Very respectfully, li. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, C. S. Army. GENERAL ORDERS, ?~ HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, No. 3. Fairfax Court-House, September 15, 1861. The undersigned relinquishes command of this station. JAMES LONGSTREET, [5.] Brigadier. General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Sewell, September 15 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President Confederate States of America: DEAR SIR: Amidst the multiplicity of your trials and vexatious I had hoped that no ground of annoyance from thi~ quarter of the country should be superadded to your burden. In this, however, I regret to say I find myself mistaken. Things have assumed a com- plexion here which require your prompt and immediate action. The pettyjealousy of General Wise; his utter ignorance of all military rule and discipline; the peculiar contrariness of his character and disposi- tion, are beginning to produce rapidly a disorganization which will prove fatal to the interests of the army if not arrested at once. He obeys no order without cavil, and does not hesitate to disregard a positive and peremptory order, upon the most frivolous pretext, as you will see from the official correspondence I have transmitted to the Department. The obvious and probably the proper course for me to pursue would have been instantly to have arrested General Wise and sent him to Richmond. This, however, would not have cured the evil, for he has around him a set of men extremely like himself, and the demoralization of his corps I incline to think is complete. But such a course, whilst it could not have arrested the evil of which I complain, would certainly have been productive of others more annoying and as much to be regretted, if not more than those I desire to be remedied. Upon his arrest and trial parties necessarily could be made to divide, and the enemies of your Government and of the country attempting stealthily to organize, and who will organize before very long, would seize upon such ati incident to shape, if possible, public opinion, or direct public sentiment and sympathy. Besides, it would tend to distract public attention from the great and absorbing subject of the war to the insignificant affairs of individual disputes. The course I have decided to pursue will, I think, result in an active and clamorous support of you and your measures by that gentleman and his friends, because his transfer from the line by a simple order will save him from the pains and penalties of being cashiered, which would be his inevitable fate if charges were preferred against him, and in that event his whole influence would be lent to any opposition, however unscrupulous. It i Page 297 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 297 impossible for me to conduct a campaign with General Wise attached to my command. His presence with my force is almost as injurious as if he were in the camp of the enemy with his whole command. He is perpetually attempting to justify his own former blunders by inducing me to repeat the same. He was bitterly opposed to my crossing the river and declared even to my teamsters that I would be cut all to pieces. On both occasions wheu lie knew I was to fight he refused to come to my assistance; but worst of all is the spirit of antipathy and dislike which he attempts to engender in the minds of his officers and men toward everybody under my command. I hope you will pardon me for making a suggestion by which these difficulties can be most easily obviated and the public interest in this quarter best promoted. It would be to order General Wise with his legion to service either with Beauregard or Magruder. The transportation which he has accumulated could be turned over into the hands of a quartermaster at Jacksons River appointed to receive it; so could the artillery, which could be replaced to him if need be upon his arrival at the head- quarters of his commander. To replace him here, an equal number of regiments with his could be ordered from Lynchburg and could be brought straight forward with the transportation left by him at Jack- sons iRiver. If this be promptly done, I feel entirely confident now, after the little experience I have had, that the forces can still be marched into the Valley of the Kanawha and the country rescued from the invaders before the winter fairly sets in. With an army of respectable force upon the banks of the Ohio below the mouth of the Kanawha, the commerce of Cincinnati and Pittsburg can be destroyed, and by cutting off the supplies of coal which annually pass down the Ohio River to Cincinnati, an amount of actual suffering can be inflicted upon that town which would fully counterbalance all the injuries received by Western Virginia at the hands of her invaders; and even beyond this a system of forays for the invasion of the Ohio shore could be put in operation which will inflict serious losses on all the border counties and will produce consternation throughout the whole State. We made a good fight last Tuesday at Camp Gauley. Rosecrans, with ten full regi- ments, attacked our force, numbering less than 2,000, iu our rude intrenchments, and kept up an almost unintermitted assault for four hours. We repulsed him in five separate assaults, the last of which occurred at dark, when he drew off for the night. Finding myself before an overwhelming force abundantly armed with the most approved rifle cannon, I determined to recross the river during the night, which I did without an accident, the enemy being so crippled that he could not pursue. They confess among themselves to a loss of several hundred killed and wounded. Some of the neighboring people who passed through the encampment and over the battle-ground the day after state that they heard the officers acknowledge amongst themselves to a loss of 700 killed alIl(l wounded. Two men of ours held by them as prisoners, who effected their escape the night after the battle, declare that same statement was made by them in the camp. The same superin- temiding Providence that seems to have protected our arms everywhere shielded us again at this fight with Rosecrans. We escaped with less than twenty wounded, and not a man killed. With the kindest wishes for your health and happiness, I am, very truly, your friend, JOHX B. FLOYD. P. S.I am complaining a little from an injury in my right arm that prevents me front signing my own letter. [~I Page 298 298 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. liALEIGH CouRT-HousE, VA., September 15, 1861. Brig. Gen. HENRY A. WISE, Commanding Wise Legion: GENERAL: I have returned to this point in obedience to your and General Floyds concurrent orders, but I am sorry to say that the order to retreat via Packs Ferry to Meadow Bluff has operated very disas- trou~ly as to my command, it having been greatly reduced in numbers from desertions, chiefly in the Fayette regiment, though not altogether. It has nearly been reduced one-half and if I march from here toward Packs Ferry I will have but a corporals guard. I am fearful nothing bnt extreme means will check the state of things, and I will be driven thereto, and desire your instructions in the matter. May I respectfully suggest to you, general, that while I can render little serv- ice to General Floyd and yourself by marching a small command, with- out tents or cartridge-boxes~ to Meadow Bluff; yet, if permitted to rest my fatigued men, for they have been exhausted with constant and severe scouting nnder Captain Caskie and my lamented adjutant, Captain Lougliborough, for the whole four weeks we have been in the field, and to recruit my numbers, it will be best to leave me operate in these counties of Raleigh, Fayette, Boone, & c., while General Chap- maiis well-armed and eqnipped brigade of 1,600 men operates with yourself and General Floyd. Besides, general, Col. J. Lucius Davis is now here with four companies of your cavalry, after striking a sndden and most effective blow upon the enemy on Coal River, and is desirons of the co-operation of my riflemen and sharpshooters in striking him at various points, Cotton Hill, Loop Creek, Millers and Bowyers Ferries, & c. I can thus render more service than in any other way. I beg, therefore, I may be permitted to remain here until I can refill my ranks and obtain tents and cartridge-boxes, as I intend sending an agent at once to Richmond to obtain them. I have most completely blocked the road from Montgomerys Ferry over Cotton Hill. By the way, the enemy shows very few tents at Ganley Bridge, and his posi- tion there could be taken by a sudden blow. His picket opposite Millers Ferry fired on my scouts and picket yesterday afternoon across the river. I left Fayette Court-House at 7 ~ m. last evening, six or eight hours after General Chapmans forces left, in order to bring off all my provisions, stores, & c. Very respectfully, general, your most obedient servant, ALFRED BECKLEY, Brig. Gen., Comdg. Twenty-seventh Brigade, Colonel of Volunteers. [5.] HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, September 15, 1861. His Excellency HENRY T. CLARK, Governor of North Carolina: GOVERNOR: I cannot impress upon you too strongly the necessity of large additions to the forces in this department amid that as speedily as possible. I much fear that this matter has been too long neglected. I am satisfied that not less than five regiments, in addition to those already reported, will be found necessary. No reliance should be placed on the expectation of trool)s being sent back from Virginia, for I am told that none will be sent. I hope that immediate steps will be taken to raise the required troops. Surely, if it is made known tha Page 299 299 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE troops are wanted to defend our State against threatened invasion there will be no want of volunteers. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, Th C. (}ATLIN, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARAY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Sewell, September 16, 1861. Lieutenant-Colonel CR00-HAN: SIR: Your dispatch of 2.30 p. in. yesterday has been received. I am instructed by General Floyd to reply by saying that there have reached him within the last fourteen hours several sensational reports of the advance of the enemy in strong force, 5,000 strong. These reports, however, have not been verified. The general is making preparation to receive them on the westeru descent of Big Sewell just above Walkers. As to the condition of your cavalry, and in consideration of the difficulty of procuring forage for them, you are [sic] he instructs me to suggest to you whether it would not be better for you to select 100 of the most available, to put the horses of the rest on some good pasture at a convenient distance from the Bluff; and to employ the men in obstructing the road to Hughes Ferry, and in operating generally on foot until they may be needed on horses. This, however, the general does not order, and would like to hear from you on the course suggested, if you entertain any doubt as to its expediency or policy. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd, commanding Army of the Kanawha: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Jlrigade. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Seweil, September 16, 1861. Col. G. F. HENRY: - DEAR SIR: Upon further information received by me to-day and upon mature reflection on the contents ot your dispatch, I think it proper to say to you that it becomes a matter of vital importance to pre- vent, if possible, and if not possible to prevent, then certainly to retard, the advance of the enemy upon the Wilderness road. Information comes in such shape that I would not feel justified in disregarding it, that theenerny have crossed or are certainly crossingthe Gauley River at Hughes Ferry, in very large numbers. They of course, can have but one object, which is to attack Lewisburg. The column advancing on this road is intended to delay the movements of our column until the enemy upon the Wilderness road can get into our rear. This must be prevented, and one of the best modes by which it can be done is for you to go down as far as possible on the Wilderness road with all your force and sl)are no pains or labor to obstruct it completely. The closer these obstructions are to the river, the more desirable it is, and every point should be obstructed where such a thing is possible. Your prompt attention and active exertion in this behalf will be extremely service- able to the public interest. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier-General, Commanding Army of the J& anawha Page 300 300 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp Sewell, September iG, iSGi. General A. A. CHAPMAN: Sin: Your letter of yesterday has just reached me, and I hasten to reply. I regret very much the spirit of dissatisfaction and discourage- ment among your command, of which you speak in your letter. For this I conceive there is no ground whatever. My movement in crossing the Gauley and falling back to this point was one of necessity, induced by the sudden movement of an overwhelming force against me. I adopted this, however, only after the enemy had been virtually beaten. This is acknowledged even in the report of Rosecrans himself, who says that I shifted my position across the Gauley, and in the same connection speaks of his loss under the terrific fire of my men. I am here, not in retreat, but to fight. I had held my position on the left bank of the Gauley, which I could have done with ease against any force, but it was necessary for me to fall back in order to meet their columns, which were converging in my rear. Then let your men be encouraged and of good cheer. I shall proceed at once to throw up intrenchments, and I desire that you will hold your command in readiness at some conven- ient and accessible point to co-operate with me, when the decisive fight with these people shall come off. When they (your men) do come I shall have ready for them breast-works, and even though our numbers may be inferior to theirs, our past experience assures me that we can and will whip them. The wound which J received in my arm is very insignificant. I ahall keep you advised of my movements. Very res~)ectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army qf the Hanawha. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 155. Richmond, September 17, 18G1. * * * * * * XI. Capt. James Gordon, of the Chickasaw Rangers, Mississippi cavalry, will proceed with his company to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * XVJ. Colonel MeMillans regiments Georgia Volunteers will immedi- ately proceed to Goldsborough, N. C., and report for duty to General Gatlin. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, September 17, JSGiZO a. m. Col. THOMAS JORDAN, Assistant Adjutant- General: COLONEL: I have j ust heard through a woman from the enemys lines to one of our pickets that the enemy intends to occupy and fortify Lewinsville this week. 1 think it hardly probable that such a move will again be attempted, yet I should think it the only move that ca Page 301 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 301 be made in this direction. An attempt will probably not be made with a less force than 10,000, with a strong artillery force. To drive that force in I shall have two available pieces of artillery and probably 1,500 of infantry. Though I think this force would drive the enemy in, it is hardly enough to count upon. I would prefer to have at least 5,000 men and four other pieces of artillery; some heavier pieces than we have here. I hope the general will let me have his views upon the sub- ject as early as possible. On my arrival here on the night of the 15th I found that Col. George II. Stenarts regiment had at his request been allowed to remain here for another tour. This gives me six regiments here instead of five, as I understood the arrangements. It is none too many, and as they are quite comfortable here, mostly housed, I have kept them. This is the weak point of the advance line, and should there- fore be better guarded. This point guarded will protect the flank and enable the forces from all the other points to make an easy retreat via Aunandale and to make a strong fight on the other side of the Acco- tink. if necessary or CXl)edieflt. I hope the general will make us another visit as soon as he can. I remain, sir, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, JAMES LOXGSTREET, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RICHMOND, September 17, 1861. Col. DANIEL R. RUSSELL Twentieth ]I1ississippi Regiment, Lynchburg, Va.: It is important you should join General J. B. Floyd with the least delay possible. Send me the names of staff officers recommended by you. Their appointments will be sent to your orders, Lewisburg. Avail of the transportation to-morrow, and if possible take subsistence as far as Lewisburg. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and inspector General. RICHMOND, September 17, 1861. Governor H. T. CLARK, Raleigh, N. C.: I shall not interfere with the disposition you have made of T. L. Clingin aus regiment. L. P. WALKER. [4.] RICHMOND, September 17, 1861. Governor H. T. CLARK, Raleigh, N. C.: Col. R. McMillans regiment Georgia Volunteers, armed and equipped, now at Lymmchburg, Va., has been ordered to proceed to Goldsborough and report to General R. C. Gatlin. The President desires that you will direct Col. R. Ransom to proceed, with his regiment, to this city. S. COOPER, [4.] Adjutant and Inspector General Page 302 302 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, )~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 281. Richmond, September 18, 1861. * * * * * * * X. The counties of Prince George, Surry, King and Queen, and King William, are included in the military district occupied by the Army of the Peninsula, under B rig. Geu. J. B. Magrader. By order of the Secretary of War: GEO. I)EAS, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 156. Richmond, September 18, 1861. * * * * * * * ill. Maj. W. P. Johnston, First Regiment Kentucky Volunteers, will proceed to iVilanassas, V a., and will report for duty with his regiment to General J. E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 18, 1861. General A. A. CHAPMAN: SIR: Yesterday morning the enemy, who had been attempting to cross at Hughes Ferry, left the ferry and retired iu the direction of Summersyille. Yesterday afternoon they threw a large force of infantry with cannon across the river at Carnifix Ferry. This force will unite certainly with that already on this side and attempt to light a way to Lewisburg. In view, then, of the prospect of my having to fight these two columns combined, you will put your command and that of General Beckley on the march without delay, with a view to join me at the earliest practicable moment. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. B. FLOYT), [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS 1)EPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA. Goldsboro General S. COOPER, ugh, September 18, 1861. Adjutant- General C. S. Army, Richmond: GENERAL: From the extent of coast to be guarded and the want of experience in most of the commanders of regiments, I would respect- fully recommend the appointment of two additional brigadier-generals for this department. Should these officers be sent me, I design to place one in command of the troops connected with the Cape Fear defenses, the other in command of those stationed from Bogne Inlet to Iloanoke Island. General Andersons duties as commander of the coast defense Page 303 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 303 will not permit him to remain stationary for a long period. In his absence from either of these districts an experienced commander is required. I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, iR. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 157. 5 Richmond, September 19, 1861. * * * * * * * XVIl. Captain Greens company of Mississippi Volunteers will immediately repair to Manassas, Va., and with Captain Dudleys com- pany of Mississippi Volunteers now there will be united with the bat- talion under Lieutenant-Colonel Brandon to form a regiment, the command of which is assigned to Col. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Pro- visional Army. - * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant A djutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 282. Richmond, September 19, 1861. * * * * * * * V. The IDulany Troop, Virginia Volunteers, under Capt. Richard H. IDulany, now at Ashland, will proceed by marches to join its regi- inent, Sixth Virginia Cavalry, serving with the Army of the Potomac. The quartermasters department will furnish transportation for the baggage. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: GEO. DEAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, IIDQRS. ARMY OF THE KANAWIIA, No. 97. 5 Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 19, 1861. The colonels of Twenty-second, Thirty-sixth, Forty.fifth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Virginia Regiments Volunteers, and of Thirteenth Georgia and Fourteenth North Carolina Regiments, will each upon receipt of this proceed without delay with his entire command and all the intrenching tools in his possession to the bridge across Meadow River, one and a quarter miles west of this point. Col. Henry Heth, Forty- fifth Regiment Virginia Volunteers, will then assign to each command their work. A prompt execution of this order is urged, as the enemy in very large force are advancing upon this point and the works of for- tification very incomplete. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WM. E. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. [~ Page 304 304 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. (CHAP. LXIII. RICHMOND, September 19, 1861. WILLIAM fl. THOMAS, Esq., Raleigh, N. C.: SIR: The President decides that the Cherokee battalion may be mustered into the service of the Confederacy, and thinks it can be used advantageously for the defense of the coast and swamps of North Carolina. The above is a reply to your letter of the 15th instant to the President. Very respectfully, & c., It. II. CHILTON, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. FRANKFORT, September 20, 1861. General JoHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of Kanawha: GENERAL: I have reached this point on my way to your camp. Major Reynolds, whom I have met on the road, informs me that it is believed that the enemy in full force is crossing the Gauley to attack you. In that event I hope you will select the strongest point west of Lewis- burg. Collect all your force and throw up such breast-works as you can to oppose him. Phillips Legion and a Mississippi regiment was ordered on the 13th to report to you. If they have not done so, send back couriers to hasteu them up; also send for General Chapman and Colonel Beckley to cross to your side, unless of more avail on the other. All your sick in rear of you ought to be sent well backthose at the Blue Sulphur, Lewisburg, & c. I have only a few cavalry with me and shall be obliged to halt for the night this side of Lewisburg. With high respect, your obedient servant, It. E. LEE, [5.] General. GOLDSBOROUGII, September 20, 1861. General ANDERSON, or Colonel FREMONT, Wilmington: General Cooper telegraphs: The following telegram just received from General Lawton at Savannah: Relia- ble private information satisfies me that an expedition has sailed for Fort Macon. Be on your guard. Send an engineer to Fort Macon. It. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General. RICHMOND, September 20, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIs: SIR: Knowing the heavy pressure of business on your mind and the great inconvenience of personal interviews, I have taken the liberty of presenting my views on the subject of our defenses in North Carolina. I am informed by Col. S. L. Fremont, who has been superintending the batteries and forts, that in the course of a week or ten days the works protecting the entrances at the mouth of the river will be in a good an Page 305 CHAP. I~XHJ.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. CONFEDERATE. 305 reliable state of defense. Our only want now is found in the deficiency of good officers and men. General J. iR. Anderson, who has been assigned to our coast, appears to inspire our people with much confidence. Our fear is that as General Gatlin, to whom he was to report for duty, had made it incumbent on him to superintend the whole range of the forti- fications of our long coast, it would be impossible for him to give suffi- cient attention to the more exposed localities. We have no means of direct communication between the different points of defense on our coast, and much more time is lost in traveling from place to place than is given to actual supervision. We think that one or two more active and energetic generals would be found very serviceable. By dividing our coast into three departments under the common superintendence of General Gatlin everything would go on much better. To show Your Excellency tIme propriety of this step I will mention this fact, that although Fort Macon is only seventy miles distant east from Fort Cas- well, it would reqnire two days for an officer to pass from one post to another; and when at Fort Macon and required to go to Itoanoke Island, unless he had counnand of the sound, it would take him near three days to perform the trip. This difficulty of transportation must make it manifest that one officer cannot give his attention to such a long line of defense. We will not know at what point we will be assailed until the attack is made. I am fully aware that in the selec- tion of military officers of high rank great scrutiny should be made into their qualifications, and hence, pretending to no military knowl- edge, it is with much diffidence I would suggest to Your Excellency, if in your opinion our defenses require an additional appointment of brigadier-generals, the names of Col. J. G. Martin and Col. Gaston Meares. The former, a graduate of West Point, has been long and honorably distinguished in the service of the old Federal Army. The latter, Colonel Meares, not a graduate, but a cadet of West Point, served with credit in the Mexican war, and since time commencement of our present difficulties has had the command of Third Regiment North Carolina State Troops. From the high opinion expressed of his quali- fications by General Holmes, in whose division he has been serving, I feel assured that if you should appoint him he would not disappoint the expectations of his friends. Respecting an increase of the forces in North Carolina, our people concur in the propriety of your not with- drawing forces from Virginia. We think if arms can be procured in a short time we can organize a force sufficient for our defenses. But on this subject 1 will make this suggestion: Colonel Clingman has under his command a regiment recruited in the mountains of North Carolina. They are nuacenstomed to the sea-coast, and hence will be most exposed to sickness if moved down to our low, malarious country. Would it not be advisable to order them into Virginia and send in their place any regiment recruited from the sea-coasts l If this suggestion should meet with your favorable consideration I would propose that the exchange be made with First Regiment North Carolina Volunteers. They are recruited for six months only, and their time of enlistment will expire in a few weeks. Would it not be advisable to send them back to North Carolina for home defense~ If this were done I cannot believe that many of them would refuse to re-enlist. Indeed, I feel satisfied that nearly all of them would re-enlist to serve during the war for the defense of the State. With great respect, W. S. ASHE. 20 R RVOL LI, PT I Page 306 306 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIlI. [Indorsement.] SECRETARY OF WAR: G. J. rains, late lieutenant colonel of U. S. Army, would be useful as an artillery officer in North Carolina, of which State he is a native. He might be a brigadier-general, if another is found needful, and the coast might be divided into districts. J. D[AVJS]. [4.] SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 159. Richmond, September 21, 1861. * * * * * * * III. The designation of the Thirteenth Regiment of Louisiana Volun- teers, commanded by Colonel Sulakowski, will hereafter be the Four- teenth Regiment Louisiana Volunteers, Confederate troops. * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. IIDQRS. VIRGINIA , ADJT. GENERALS OFFICE, Richmond, Va., September 21, 1861. Brigadier- General MAGRUDER, Commanding Army ~f Peninsula, Williamsburg, Va.: GENERAL: I am reqnested by the Governor to acquaint you that there are remnants of Indian tribes in the counties of King William and King and Queen, which may possibly, by uninformed persons, be con- founded with persons of color. These Indians are not to be held to labor, as would be the case in certain contingencies with free negroes. But the GoxTernol is of opinion that, if a call is made upon the chief (Wynne), he will cheerfully furnish laborers to ai(l in the common defense. I am, & c., GEO. J)EAS, [4.j Assistant Adjutant- General. BUREAU OF ORDNANCE AND HYDROGRAPHY, Richmond, Va., September 21, 1861. Brig. Gen. JOHN B. MAGRUDER, Commanding Forces, ~c., Yorktown, Va.: GENERAL: Your letter of the 19th instant to the Chief of the Bureau of Orders and Detail has been referred to this Bureau. We have no 11-inch and 10-inch Dahigren guns. All the rifled guns that have been made at Richmond and Norfolk have been ordered by the Secretary of the INavy to be sent to New Orleans. The demands upon us for these guns have been and are still very pressing, and the Bureau regrets that it has no power to furnish them to any of the batteries on James and York Rivers. New carriages for the 8-inch columbiads at York- town to replace those reported to be worthless are being made here as rapidly as possible, and will be forwarded to Yorktown as soon as they are finished. In consequence of the capture of Fort Hatteras, th Page 307 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 307 Bureau was compelled to send to North Carolina one of the carriages intended for the battery at Yorktown, and another is now demanded for Fernandina, Fla. I am, respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE MINOR, Commander, for Chief of the Bureau. [Indorsement.] I have acquitted myself of my duty only when all the facts in this case are made known to the Secretary of War and President. They are these: First. The carriages for the naval battery at York- town, under Captain Henderson, are so utterly worthless, being made of pine, that the guns will dismount themselves after a few fires. Second. Their manner of construction prevents their being elevated sufficiently to explode a 15-inch fuse, and therefore their greatest range cannot be attained. Third. Carriages of a good pattern (barbette of the army) were promised one mouth ago by the Navy Department, but have not come. Fourth. The water at the mouth of York River is so deep and ample that the largest ships and in any numbers can attack our batteries, and with our present carriages we cannot reach them. I respectfully request, therefore, that the President, through the Sec- retary of War, be made acquainted with the exact state of this battery. This request is made with mio other object than that he may have an opportunity of forming his own judgment as to the relative importance of the places to which these carriages may be assigr ed. J. B. MAGRUDER, [4.] Brigadier- General, Gommanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, September 21, 1861. Brig. Gen. A. A. CHAPMAN: SIR: I am glad to be informed through your letter of the 20th ultimo that you will within a few days join me with your command. The forces under you may be munch needed very shortly in repelling the enemy, who I have been daily expecting would attack me here. Your suggestion as to the establishment of a general hospital for the sick at Salt Sulphur Springs meets with my approval. You will, however, please give me in detail the proposed plan and management of the hospital. This you can do more fully when we meet than by letter. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [~~1 Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, September 21, 1861. ADJUTANT-GENERAL C. S. ARMY, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: Brig. Gen. J. R. Anderson arrived here last night on his way to visit other parts of the coast defenses nuder his command, but I was compelled to order him to teturmi to Wilmington and remain in command of the defenses of Cape Fear until some responsible office Page 308 308 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. could be assigned to that duty. I beg to call your attention to my letter of the 18th instant, on the subject of assigning two additional brigadier- generals to this department, and to request speedy action upon it. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. C. GATLIN, [4.~ Brigadier- General, Commanding. DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS, Yorktown, Sejptember 2~ 1861. Col. J. C-. HODGES, Mulberry Island: COLONEL: General Magruder directs that you will take position with your regiment at Curtis farm, ou Mulberry, near the point you formerly occupied there. He also directs that you will cause the two 42-pounder carronades in your charge, with their ammunition, to be moved to the mouth of Warwick River and placed in position in the work constructed by you there. You will act with Colonel McLaws in defending the entrance to Warwick River and Mulberry Island. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, HY. BRYAN, [4.] Lieutenant and Aide-de- Camp. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, September 22, 1861. Brig. Gen. A. BECKLEY: DEAR SIR: Your favor of the 21st instant has just been received. In reply, I am directed by General Floyd to say to you that you can with your command remain in your present position, or take on your side of the river one where you can render most service to the country. It would be useless for you to come to him when you could not bring a large portion of your command, and it is much better for you to remain when an attempt to join him would result in the disorganization of your command. The general regrets that such a state of things exists among the militia with you, and that you are surrounded with difficul- ties which he nuderstauds cannot easily be controlled. By order of Brig. C-en. John B. Floyd: WM. B. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant-General, Floyds Brigade. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. C-ENERALS OFFICE, No. 285. - Richmond, September 23, 1861. * * * * * * VI. The Fifty-sixth Virginia Regiment is hereby constituted under the following field officers: Colonel, William. D. Stuart; lieutenant-col- onel, Philips Peyton Slaughter; major, William B. C-reen. Companies: Mecklenburg Guards, Capt. T. T. Boswell; Mecklenburg Spartans, Capt. C-. W. Davis; Louisa Holhiday Guards, Capt. T. Smith; Bucking- ham Yancey Guards, Capt. C. Patteson; Ebenezer Grays, Capt. T. J. Taylor; Charlotte Defenders, Capt. T. D. Jeifress; Charlotte Grays, Capt. W. B. Green; Louisa Nelson C-rays, Capt. John Richardson; White Hall Guards, Capt. J. Augustus Michie; Harrisons Guards, Capt. D. C. Harrison Page 309 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 309 VII. The Fifty-seventh Virginia Regiment is hereby constituted and will be under the command of Maj. E. F. Keen. Companies: Botetourt Guards, Capt. J. J. Allen Franklin Fire Eaters, Capt. B. T. Bridges; Franklin Sharpshooters, Capt. W. T. James; Pig River Grays, Capt. W. H. Ramsey; Pittsylvania Life Guards, Capt. A. J. Smith; Galveston Tigers, Capt. David Dyer; Ladies Guard, Capt. William Patterson; Henry and Pittsylvania Rifles, Capt. V. 0. Witcher; a portion of the Twentieth Regiment, Capt. G. B. Hanes; Rivanna Guards, Capt. John Bowie Magruder. By order of the Secretary of War: GEG. DEAS, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, York-town, September 23, 1861. Brigadier-General HUGER, Commanding Norfolk, & ~c.: Please let me know when the fleet of the enemy passed up the river, and also when they pass the capes. Telegraphic communication will be established in a day or two as far down the peninsula as Bethel. I would like to be kept advised of the movements of the enemys ship- ping at Old Point and Newport News and the arrivals and departures of troops. J. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Department Peninsula. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 23, 1861. General H. T. BOWEN: DEAR SIR: I understand you are now at Raleigh Court-House with your forces, and if I am correct in this information I desire you to hold yonr position until further advised by me, and to keep a close watch on all the movements of the enemy within the proper range of your scouts. I will communicate with you again. By order of Brig. Gen. J. B. Floyd: WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 23, 1861. Colonel ECTOR Commanding Thirteenth Georgia Regiment Volunteers: SIR: I have this evening learned that the enemy, iu considerable force, have appeared before General Wise and are engaging him. I have reason to believe that this attack is intended to hold General Wise in his present position, while the much larger portion of the etie- mys force will advance upon me by a different road. You will there- fore hasten with all dispatch to join your regiment. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. B. FLOYD, By WM. B. PETERS, 5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade Page 310 310 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES No. 5. Pails Church, September 24, 1861. I. In addition to the precaution of having all teams hitched and ready to move at 3 oclock every morning, commanders will have all teamsters carefully instructed to hitch up whenever the alarm is given, and will send their wagons to the rear as soon as they can be loaded. II. In case of alarm, Captain iFtosser, commanding artillery, will immediately order three pieces, one a rifled gun, to report to the com- manding general. LII. Commanders xviii keep their men, not on guard, within hearing of their headquarters. By order of Brigadier-General Longstreet: G. MOXLEY SORREL, [5.] Captain and Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, 861. Col. THOMAS JORDAN, September 24 1 Assistant A djutant- General: COLONEL: I have recently heard from various and reliable sources that one or more major-generals have been appointed and that the appointments have been given to persons whom, under the law and on account of services, I should now rank. I can cheerfully submit to have persons placed over me who have rendered any particular service, but I cannot admit the right or justice of having persons placed over me on any other account. When I returned to my home to take part in the cause of my people, I sacrificed everything except, as I thought, the hope of a proper recognition of my services. The placing of persons above me whom 1 have always ranked and who have just joined this service I regard as great injustice. I therefore request that an officer be detailed to relieve me of this command. I think that I have done my share of this service, which is not altogether the most agreeable. I remain, sir, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, JAMES L~)NGSTREET, [5.] Brigadier- General. Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., General ~. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, Richmond, September 24, 1861. Williamsburg, Va.: SIR: In reply to your letter of the 20th instant, referred by the Adjutant-General to this Department? I am directed by the Secretary of War to say that your course in lrnpressing labor for work npou fortifications, in cases of absolute necessity and for a fair price, is fully approved. [4.] , A. T. BLEDSOE, Chief of Bureau of War. General J. R. ANDERSON, GOLDSBOROUGH, September 24, 1861. Wilmington, N. C.: Six steamers were off Fort Macon at sunset last evening, four in sight from the fort and two others seen from the masthead of th Page 311 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 311 Alliance. Will communicate again when the train comes in. Ought there not to be an engineer officer at Fort Macon? 11. C. GATLIN. [4.] GOLDSBOROUcflI, September 24, 1861. General ANDERSON, Wilmington, N. C.: Train just in. All the steamers off Fort Macon yesterday evening disappeared during the night except two. It. C. GATLIN. [4.] SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 162. Richmond, September 25, 1861. * * * * * * * IV. The Howell Guards, Florida Volunteers, will proceed to Evans- port, Va., and report for duty to the commanding officer of that post. V. The following troops will immediately proceed to Lewisburg, Va., and report for duty to Brigadier-General Floyd, commanding, viz: Major WaddilPs battalion Louisiana Volunteers; Fifty-fourth Regiment Virginia Volunteers, Col. It. C. Trigg commanding; Fifty-sixth Regi ment Virginia Volunteers, Colonel Stuart commanding; Fifty-seventh Regiment Virginia Volunteers, Major Keen commanding. [I. Capt. J. T. Montgomei~y will inunediately proceed with his com- pany to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, Assistant Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENI, C. S. A., Richmond, September 25, 1861. Brigadier-General HUGER, Norfolk, Va.: SIR: The Adjutant-General has referred to me your letter of the 21st instant. You have misapprehended the views of this Department, and I will endeavor to make them fully understood. Congress, by its law, and the President, by his proclamation, have evinced the policy of the Government to require the expulsion of all alien enemies from our con- fines. They have not only a right to pass out of our country, but we force them out against their own volition. Which is the best route for their passage out? I suppose Norfolk to be so for those who leave Virginia and the two Carolinas. I therefore issue passes to all alien enemies who wish to emigrate by way of INorfolk, and my instructions to you were intended to direct you to let them all pass. One cousidera- tion, however, occurred to me. Somebody bearing my pass might be known to you as dangerous, as one who would do us special injury if allowed to pass. I therefore authorized you, in spite of my pass, to arrest such a person. You now perceive that you have no examination to make, no discretion to exercise on your own responsibility. You ar Page 312 312 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. directed to allow all alien enemies bearing the pass of this Department as such to pass out of the country. You arc permitted to disregard the pass whenever you see fit for causes which, in your judgment, suffice to induce you to stop a dangerous person. I hope I have now placed the matter in such a shape as to relieve you from the embarrassment you appear to have entertained. Your obedient servant, J. P. BENJAMIN. [4.] SEWELL MOUNTAiN, September 25, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding, & e.: GENERAL: Everything is quiet in the enemys camp. I can count five or six regiments, but cannot see ground in their rear where others may be. There is also a large wagon train of supplies, independent of the regular supply train, with rows of barrels piled outside, which inclines me to the belief there is a large number of troops before us. I can hear nothing of their being on the roads to our right or left. That to our right by Nicholls Mill comes out on the Wilderness road at Mc- Clungs, six miles from the ferry over Ganley. It is a rough road as far as the Wilderness, three miles of it after crossing Meadow River very bad, requiring working, but practicable for an enterprising enemy. You had better have it well guarded. Colonel Davis cavalry are on the old State road. I suppose if we fall back the enemy will follow. This is a strong point, if they will fight us here. The advantage is, they can get no position for their artillery, and their mcii I think will not advance without it. If they do not turn it, how would it do to make a stand here ~ Tn that event we shall require provisions and forage. Of the latter there is none, and the horses are suffering. This command is now in a movable condition, and can retire or remain at I)leasnre. Very truly, R. E. LEE. P. 8.By direction of General Lee I add to the above a request that you will send three days rations of flour, salt, and bacon, if you have it; we have plenty of fresh beef. Send also sugar and coffee (three days), and if you can spare it, three days of salt for the whole command now on Sewell; that is, Colonel Heths four regiments and General Wises legion, the latter being without salt. Respectfully, W. II. TAYLOR~, [5.] Acting A~8istant Adjutant- General. IIEADQUARTERs ARMY OF TilE KANAWHA Camp at Iiilleadow Bin/f, September 25, 186112 p. m. General A. A. CHAPMAN: DEAR SIR: Yours of this date has just been received by General Floyd. In reply I am instructed by him to say that it is true that the militia of this county has been disbanded, but this has been done with the express understanding that they shall be embodied whenever in the judgment of General Floyd a necessity for thus doing shall arise. They are therefore liable to be called into service at any hour, and they ar Page 313 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 313 pledged to respond immediately to this call, and they shall be called into service whenever the enemy commence their attack upon General Floyd, which he will regard as begun whenever they leave their posi- tion before General Wise, on Se well, and advance in this direction. Had not General Floyd been assured that the militia of this connty could be embodied and could come, and would come to his support in time, he had not acceded to their wish to be allowed to go to their homes. Their nearness to the general and their fewness induced him to believe that this could be done; hence his course in disbanding them. The same reasons, you will observe, could not be employed in disbanding your command. Hence the general would not be justified before the country in disbanding them. The force of the enemy is very large, their strength great. General Floyd will need every man he can get to check them in their apparent determination to march still fur- ther into the interior of our State. Your forces will be needed, as also the militia of Grecubrier, who shall most assuredly be called upon. You will therefore come on with your command. General Floyd has already constructed better breast-works than he had at Gauley, and if he can get men enough to man them the enemy can never pass them. You see, then, the necessity for your men. General Floyd is looking every day for the advance of the enemy upon him. They have been fighting Gen- eral Wise occasionally for the last two days. General Floyd sent to his support four regiments. He is left with a small force. General Floyd is persuaded that you will see the exigency of the occasion and join him speedily. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. GENERAL ORDERS,) HEADQUARTERS WISE LEG-ION, ~- Near (lamp Defiance, Sewell Mountain, No. 10(5. September 25, 1861. fly order of the President of the Confederate States, through the Act- ing Secretary of War, I am instructed to turn over all the troops here- tofore immediately under my command to General Floyd and to report umyself in person to the Adjutant-General in the city of Richmond, with the least delay. I am ordered also in making the transfer to General Floyd to include everything under my command. Being ordered to report myself in persomi with the least delay, it will be impossible for me to make any inventory of things nuder my command. The staff officers will therefore make the proper returns and iimventories of every- thing under my command and report duly to General Floyd. It is not proper here to inquire into the reasons of this order. It is in legal form, from competent authority, and it could not have been foreseen by the President that it would reach me inopportunely whilst under the fire of the enemy by the side of my commanding general, at a stand made under my orders against a superior force, where the struggle will be severe however certain niay be the glorious victory. But the order is imperative, requiring the least delay, and promupt obedience is the first duty of military service, though it may call for the greatest per- sonal sacrifice. And the order is not so inopportune, when it finds my superior in every resi)ecl, General Robert E. Lee, present, in whose conrnmammd I confidently leave the safety and honor of immy legion. HENRY A. WISE, [5.] Brigadier. General Page 314 314 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 163. Richmond, September 26, 1861. * * * * * * * V. Maj. Jasper Whiting, assistant adjutant-general, Provisional Army, will proceed to Manassas, Va., and report to General J. E. Johnston for duty on the staff of Maj. Gen. G. W. Smith. * * * * * * * XI. Col. James J. Archer will relieve Col. Lewis A. Armistead in the command of the Texas Volunteers encamped near this city. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. LYNCHBURcf V J. P. BENJAMIN, , A., September 26, 1861. Secretary of War: The only armed troops at this post are four companies of ~ infantry battalion Georgia Volunteers, 331 men, and Captain Veisers artillery company of Georgia Volunteers, 62 men, with three 6-pounders, and nearly equipped. It wants ten or twelve more horses. II. L. CLAY. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, Col. THOMAS JORDAN, September 26, 1861. Assistant Adjutant- General: COLONEL: I send herewith the report of Colonel Stuart upon the movement of yesterday. Colonel Kershaws will be forwarded as soon as received.* I am inclined to think that the failure of the effort is due entirely to Colonel Kershaws getting on a different road from the one I intended he should have taken. Had he been up to time there is no doubt but there would have been one more Bull Run affair. As things miscarried, the enemy discovered us in time to get a good start. I would be glad to have the streams between the Court-House and this bridged. The crossings are almost impassable. My bake oven is just finished here and I would like to get a couple of bakers. The details from my own brigade are so heavy that I do not wish to order it from my own. My masons,by the by, declare that we will surely move in a few days, as we have not yet been able to use one of the last three ovens that they have built. A verbal message was left here a few days ago to the effect that it was not desired to keep our pickets strictly to their present hue. Is it desired that they should advancel I have kept them moving a little at a time where it can be done, but do not think my force strong enongh to make any decided advance movement. The message left on Munsons Hill by Colonel Preston, of General Johnstons staff. Colonel Kershaws regiment has at his request been allowed to remain here a few days over his time. I remain, sir, very respectfully, JAMES LONGSTREET, [~~1 Brigadier-General, Commanding. Neither Stuarts nor Kershaws reports found. For Brig. Gem William F. Smiths report for the Union side, see Vol. V, p. 215 Page 315 LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 315 NAVY DEPARTMENT, C. S., Richmond, ITa., AS~epternber 26, 1861. Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR: DEAR SIR: The inclosed letter was this day handed to me by the officer in charge of Orders and Detail of this Department, Captain Buchanan. I find a decided impression prevailing in circles informed upon the condition of the river batteries in Virginia that they are less efficient than they might be made by certain changes, and Captain Buchanans suggestions are therefore worthy of consideration. Perhaps an assignment of the James River batteries especially to naval officers, who are all more or less familiar with this particular river, in the man- ner he speaks of, might result advantageously, and I desire to say that I will be very glad to adopt this or any similar measure which may conduce to the greater security of the river. I am iiiforrned that there are no naval officers at the extensive and important works on Craney Island. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. H. MALLORY, Secretary of the Navy. [Inclosure.] OFFICE OF ORDERS ANI) DETAIL, NAVY DEPT., C. S., Richmond, Va., September 26, 1861. Hon. S. H. MALLORY, Secretary of the Navy, Richmond, Va.: SIR: Under the present arrangement the batteries in the neighbor- hood of Norfolk and on the various rivers iii which are mounted naval guns, and many of which are commanded by naval officers, are not as efficient as they ought to be. Several of these batteries are under the orders and control of the Army, and no naval officers attached to them, and others are coiumanded by naval officers, but the men are not placed nuder the control of those officers, consequently the efficiency of the batteries is impaired. Soldiers should be detailed for duty in those batteries and placed under the exclusive orders of the naval officers, and their removal subject only to the orders of the commanding gen- eral of the division in which they are placed. The company officers should be present at the exercises of the guns, so as to enable them to succeed the naval officers in the event of death, and they should drill their men daily at the small-arms and assist the naval officers in the general police duties of the batteries. Under this system discipline, efficiency, and harmony will be obtained, and the batteries rendered much more serviceable to the country than they now are. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, FRANKLIN BUCHANAN, Captain, in Charge. [Memorandum.] The military officers of the land and sea services of the Confederate States shall rank together as follows: First, a lieutenant of the Navy, with captains of the Army; second, a commander, with majors; third, a captain of the Navy, from the date of his commission, with lieutenant- colonels; fourth, five years thereafter, with colonels; fifth, te~i years thereafter, with brigadier-generals; and sixth, fifteen years after the date of his commission, with major-generals. Nothing in the preceding paragraph shall authorize a land officer to command any C. S. vessel or navy-yard, nor any sea officer to command any part of the Army on land ; neither shall an officer of the one service have a right to demand any compliment on the score of rank from any officer of th Page 316 316 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. other service. Land troops serving on board C. S. vessels as marines shall be subject to the orders of the sea officer in command thereof. Other land troops embarked on board such vessels for transportation merely will be considered in respect to the naval commanders as passen- gers, subject, nevertheless, to the internal regulations of the vessels. [4.1 HEADQUARTERS, Sewell ]Jiliountain, ASejptem.ber 2G 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Kanawha Army: GENERAL: The Mississippi regiment and McCs. rifle gun have arrived, each without provisions and forage. There are none here. Unless you can send provisions I shall have to order the troops back to Meadow Bluff. Please inform me whether arrangements have been made for obtaining sufficient provisions for all the troops. Five regi- ments under General Loring were sixteen miles Irout Marlins Bottom (twenty-six miles from Lewisburg) on the night of the 25th, whose maintenance must be provided for. Two prisoners captured to-day report the number of the enemy in our front 12,000. 1 do not know with what truth. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. GOLDSBOROUGH, September 26, 1861. General J. R. ANDERSON, Wilmington, 5. C.: Your dispatch received. I am sick in bed and unable to move. If any troops arrive from Raleigh I will send them forward immediately. iR. C. GATLIN. [4.] SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 164. Richmond, September 27, 1861. * * * * XIV. Capt. Henry St. Paul will immediately proceed with his coin- pany, the Louisiana Foot Rifles, to Manassas, Va., and report to Gen- eral Joseph E. Johnston, commanding. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] As8i8tant Adintant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 289. ,( Richmond, September 27, 1861. * * * * * * XIII. Lieut. Col. Fitzhugh Lee, Virginia Volunteers, is assigned to duty with the First Virginia Cavalry (Col. J. E. B. Stuart), and will report accor(lingly. * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: GPO. PEAS, Aisistant Adjutant- General. [5. Page 317 CHAP. LXIII,] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CUNFEDERATE. 317 LYNCHBURG, September 27, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General: The Orange and Alexandria road is either deficient in cars, or from some other cause is iot to be relied upon to carry troops at any appointed day. Now a large quantity of commissary stores await transportation over it. Which shall go first, these or the troops ~ II. L. CLAY. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ADYA~CED FORCES, September 27, 1861. Col. T. JORDAN, Assistant Adjutant-General: COLONEL: By accident I got, last night, yesterdays and day befores papers; also information that this position will be attacked by a very strong force in a few days. I sent last night a telegram announcing the intelligence. I do not think that the advance will be that of the grand army; therefore I think the enemy should be driven back. Ten thousaiid men on this line can drive him back or force him into a gen- eral engagement, from which we may retire or not, as may be most suit- able to our feelings and couveniences. I think it hardly advisable to determine to give battle to an army by the forces now occupying the line. The front of the line, if properly contestedthat is, the advance against the frontought to hold against a considerable army, but four hours march will place the enemy in rear of either flank. The right could, I think, be defended by a small re-enforcement of infantry and some artillery. On the south side of this pike, and very near to it, three-quarters of a mile north of this, is a very commanding eminence. Properly defended, with some re-enforcement here and at Padgetts, I think this line can be held. I have asked for some heavy guns for the hill referred to before. They can easily and readily be masked there. Major Chichester, who goes up to-day, can tell you all about it. The line is so long that it will be impossible for me to attend to the whole of it by personal directions, and I have not great confidence in the proper conduct of a retreat by volunteers. I am not advised whether General Bonhams command is to remain at or near the Old Court- House. I hope the general will have a picket established at the bridge over the Accotink between Annandale and the court-house, and one at the cross-roads between the court-house and this, to prevent persons visiting the advance lines who have no authority to do so. The late papers I send by Major Chichester. I remain, sir, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, J. LONGSTItEET, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWIIA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 27, 1861. Maj. 0-en. H. B. LEE: SIR: At this season of the year I do not remember to have seen such a storm in the mountains of Virginia. It has put an almost absolute stop to all locomotion. Still, 1 have done everything that could be done toward sending you supplies. I informed you in a dispatch this morn- ing that I had already sent forward three days provisions with the me Page 318 318 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. who had marched from this point. I have to-day seAt forward all that wagons could be found to carry. I will spare no exertions, but make still greater to send forward provisions. The transportation, however, at command here is inadequate. Whilst it was sufficient for the troops it was originally intended for, the addition of more than double their numbers will render the supply, I fear, some what precarious, to be fur- nished by that means only. I have given orders to active and energetic men to procure additional transportation, and to spare no pains or time to hurry forward the supplies. The passage of the two Sewells and the dreadful gorge between them interposes most formidable barriers to the supply of the army, and presents, I think, a fair ground for con- sideration as to the task of imposing it upon the enemies instead of assuming it ourselves. Our flanks here now are fully secured against any lateral movement whatever, in my judgment. The swamps are full beyond all precedent at this season of the year, and with the exception of two or three passes, in my judgment readily defended. Two or three weeks at least must elapse before the enemy would venture upon a flank movement. For twenty miles I think our front more secure than it would be were we behind the Grecubrier River. The distance from our main depot of supply (Lewisburg) just halt of what it is to the top of the Big Sewell. Under these circumstances I leave it to your better judg- ment to determine what policy is to be pursued. Whatever that may be, I shall leave no exertion untried to carry out. But for the dreadful state of the weather and the more than usual painfulness of my arm I should have visited your camp to-day. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD. By WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. CAMP AT SEWELLS MOUNTAIN, & ptembcr 27, 18(11. General JoHN B. FLOYD, Commanding, & c., Meadow Bluff: GENERAL: I find that additional cannon could be adVantageously used on our left, the weakest point, where the regiments of your brigade are posted. Can you spare a section of Guys batterytwo pieces%~ If so, please send them, with provisions and forage for three days, and two tents for the men. Tell the officer in charge to bring his animunitioniQO rounds at least. General Loring, with whom there is a battery, must at least have reached Frankfort last evening. his progress to-day has probably been slow. We have had a terrible storm all day in these mountains, and I fear the men have suffered much. The provisions for the five regiments and artillery of your brigade will be exhausted to-morrow. Please send a further supply. There is beef here. Very respectfully, IR. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluft September 27, 1861. Maj. Gen. H. E. LEE: GENERAL: In your letter of this date you say, I send a letter referred to me by General Wise, of which I know nothing and can d Page 319 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 319 nothing. If you cannot act, please forward it to him. No such letter has reached me. Your dispatch to General Loring I have forwarded by special courier. I sent yesterday three days provisions for the four regiments of the brigade on Sewell, and gave directions that the troops sent yesterday should take the same quantity with them. It was reported to me that this order had been executed. I shall start immedi- ately additional provisions for the troops, and shall use every possible effort to-keep them supplied. The country hereabouts is this morning inundated by the rain of last night, and it will be very difficult to pro- cure the necessary subsistence for stock; still~ every human effort shall be made in this direction. Very respectfully, your obedient servant~ JNO. B. FLOYD. By WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, September 27, 1861. His Excellency HENRY T. CLARK, Governor of North Carolina: SIR: Your letter of the 24th of September,* in regard to persons, citizens of North Carolina, who have taken the oath of allegiance to the Government of the United States, has been received. The mode of procedure against such persons will be through the Confederate courts, before which they will be indicted for treason by the district attorney of the Confederate States in North Carolina. The information con- tained in Your Excellencys letter will be at once communicated to that officer. Respectfully, J. P. BENJAMIN, [4.] Acting Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, September 27, 1861. The DISTRICT ATTORNEY, CONFEDERATE STATES, Goldsborough, N. C.: SIR: Information has been received at this Department by a letter from His Excellency the Governor of North Carolina, under date 24th of September,* that certain persons residing on or near the coast of North Carolina, citizens of the Confederate States, have taken the oath of allegiance to the Government of the United States and have been engaged in the circulation of proclamations, & c., of a treasonable char- acter. His Excellency further informs me that several of these persons have been arrested and are now held as prisoners. I take the earliest opportunity to communicate these facts to you, that you may at once institute the necessary proceedings against them in the Confederate courts. Respectfully, J. P. BENJAMIN, [4.] Acting Secretary of War. * See Vol. IV, p. 657 Page 320 320 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 165. 5 Richmond, September 28, 1861. * * * * * * * IV. Capt. John Millers company (B), Fifty-second Virginia Volun- teers, is hereby detached from the regiment, and is constituted a light battery. It will be reported accordingly. V. Brig. Gen. J. B. B. Stuart, Provisional Army, will report for duty to General J. B. Johnston, commanding the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 290. * 5 Richmond, September 28, 1861. * * * * * * X. Capt. W. E. Jones, Virginia Volunteers, is appointed colonel and assigned to the command of the First Virginia Cavalry, and will report accordingly. By order of the Secretary of War: GEO. 1WAS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, September 28, 1861. Maj. II. L. CLAY, Lynchbnrg, Va.: The troops must be pushed on as rapidly as possible, and a portion of the supplies, if there be room but the troops must be sent at any rate. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWIIA, Camp at Meadow Bluft September 28, 1861. Maj. Gen. It. B. LEE: GENERAL: I have learned only this morning that the troops of the Wise Legion are scarce of provisions. I had been informed that they had a sufficient supply of flour, meat, and small stores for several days, consequently no supplies have been sent them by my orders. I under- stand that the bridges have been carried off in two places between this camp and Sewell, which may delay the transportation of supplies until they can be repaired. The streams are still very high, but are rapidly subsiding. They shall be crossed and provisions sent forward as soon as this is possible. The bridge half a mile east of this point has also been washed off by the high water. I am having it replaced. As soon as this is done the wagons with provisions, which are waiting on the other side, shall be brought over and sent to you. As I stated to you in my note of yesterday, I sent the troops from this point provisions for three days. If they reached their destination these troops ought to have supplies until to-morrow evening. By that time I shall mak Page 321 CHAP. lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 321 every effort to send forward supplies enough for the troops with you. In the meanwhile the regiments which have supplies might share them with those which have none. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD. By WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 28, 18G1. Maj. Gen. H. E. LEE: Sin: I had been misled by a letter of General Wise to you stating that he had a supply of twenty days provisions on the mountain, and therefore had not anticipated the probability of any scarcity, and but for the storm of yesterday there could have been none. Two bridges between us need repair, which I hope will cause no particular delay. Provisions are going forward rapidly and considerable quantities are between here and Lewisburg. General Loring will reach here this evening with 2,000 men, and will await your further orders; 400 of the riflemen and 100 of the cavalry of the Phillips Legion will also reach here this evening. I am ready at any moment to carry out any sug- gestion you have to make. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD. By WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] _______ Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 28, 1861. General H. T. BOWEN: DEAR SIR: Your note of the 24th instant to General Floyd has just been received. I am instructed by him to reply that you will select 200 men from your command and send them to Boone County by way of Wyoming. If you can do so the general would prefer that these 200 men should be raised as volunteers from your command. If so many will not volunteer then you will select such as you think most fit. They will proceed to Boone and carefully watch and report the move- ments of the enemy in that quarter. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WILLIAM E. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. P. S.The 200 muskets sent to Tazewell from Wythe will suffice fo~ arming these men. The general will send to Richmond a requisition for ammunition for them to be forwarded to Wytheville. W. E. P., [5.] Assistant Adjutant-General, Floyds Brigade. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS, No. . Sewell Mountain, September 28, 1861. 1. The colonel commanding each regiment or corps will cause to be selected the blankets, clothing, and cooking utensils for his command, and send all surplus baggage to Lew[isburg?J to be stored. Officers and men are restricted to the amounts prescribed by the regulations, which in no case must be exceeded. 21 R RYOL LI, PT I Page 322 322 MD., B. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. 2. When in the presence of the enemy the preparation of the daily provisions for the regiments will be performed at night, and at day- light every morning the baggage wagons will be packed ready for marching and be moved to the rear under the direction of the chief quartermaster, each regimental quartermaster giving his personal atten- tion to the movement of his train. One four-horse wagon will be allowed to each company for the transportation of all its effects. By command of General Lee: W. II. TAYLOR, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. OFFICE OF THE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, Wilmington, N. 0., September 28 1861. Whereas repeated applications have been made by this committee of safety to the authorities both of this State and the Confederate States for the appointment of a competent officer to be permanently located in this town, with such ralik as will give him command from New River to the South Carolina line, and so far as this committee are advised no such distinct appointment having yet been made: Therefore, Resoired, That the chairman of this committee be requested to cor- respond with the Secretary of War and memorialize him to detail Gen- eral Anderson, now on duty in this State, for the special purpose herein indicated. Resoleed, That this committee highly appreciate the untiring indus- try, energy, and military skill of Col. S. L. Fremont, which have been contributed to the defenses of our coast and town, and earnestly desire a continuance of his valuable services, and therefore respectfully rec- commend him to the Secretary of War for such appointment as will confer on him, in the absence of General Anderson, the power to control and direct the preparations for defense and command the officers and troops in charge thereof in said military district. S. D. WALLACE, [4.] Secretary. WILMINGTON, September 28, 1861. President DAVIS, Richmond: I have no guns of sufficient range on these works. Two large rifle cannon and carriages are here on their way to South Carolina. Does the emergency justify my taking them for defense here ~ Please let me know to-day. J. H. ANDERSON, Brigadier- General, Oemmanding. SECRETARY OF WAR: [Indorsement.] Can we not replace these guns for South Carolina~ The necessity justifies the change if only a brief delay will be involved. [4.] J. D[AYIS]. EASTVILLE, NORTHAMPTON COUNTY, VA., September 28, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS: SIR: You will pardon me, I hope, for making some suggestions as to the defense of the Eastern Shore of this State. The two counties o Page 323 323 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. Accomac and Northampton cover in extent about seventy miles. There are some eight or nine companies in Accomac in camp and some four or five in this county. There are four encampments in Accomac one at Jenkins Bridge, one at Guilford, one at Accomac Court-House, or its immediate vicinity, and one at Pungoteague. There is one in this county, Camp Huger, and I understand another is to be established nearer Cape Charles. It is probable that many more than now enlisted in the service will shortly enlist. The number of encampments are almost a necessity in the isolated position we occupy on a peninsula. Every neighborhood is constantly liable to be infested by marauding or foraging parties, and no one ought to be left entirely without protection. Being at war, as we are, with an unrelenting and profligate enemy, the women and children of every locality ought to be assured of some pro- tection by the presence of an armed force. Now, we have a colonel, Charles Smith, a lieutenant-colonel, Louis C. H. Finney, and a major, N. Robert Cary. However efficient these gentlemen may be, it is almost physically impossible that they can keep np a proper discipline (which is all important) and bring about a proper efficiency of the troops scat- tered over a territory covering seventy miles in extent. Under these circumstances, feeling a deep solicitude for the success of our arms, I hope you will excuse the suggestion that you should send a general offi- cer to this shore to exercise a supervising control over the whole force. Although the extent of the territory is so great for one general officer, yet ours are table lands, and can be passed over with as much rapidity as over a plank road. And pardon another suggestion, if you con- clude to send a brigadier-general to this shore, that you will send an active man and good disciplinarian, for such, in my opinion, we need. 1 would barely remark that if you shall obtain a foothold in Maryland, on the Potomac, it may become desirable to send forces upon the East- ern Shore of that State; and if so, they must necessarily be sent from these two counties, and then it will be eminently important that a good general officer shall be in command here. In connection with this matter I would state that you have in service here one surgeon, Dr. Peter F. Browne, and that it is impossible for him to render service in all the camps. Dr. William Alex. Thom has been discharging the duties at Camp Huger, and I would suggest that he be appointed assist- ant surgeon of the forces on this shore. I understand he has been appointed surgeon in the general service, but his family resides in this county, and he would find it very inconvenient to remove them from it, and I presume would prefer to take the inferior position of assistant to being obliged to separate himself for an indefinite period from his family. I make these suggestions with great deference, and hope you will pardon the presumption on account of the deep interest I fe-el in the success of our arms and the welfare of our country. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, MIERS W. FISHER. [4.] GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 34. 5 September 29, 1861. Capt. E. P. Alexander, Engineer Corps, C. S. Army, is assigned to duty as chief of ordnance and signal officer of the Army of the Potomac, and he will be obeyed accordingly. By command of General Johnston: THOS. G. IIHETT, Assistant Adjutant- General. [5 Page 324 324 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. CAMP AT SEWELL MOUNTAIN, & pternber 29, 1861. General JOHN 13. FLOYD, Commanding on Meadow Bluff: GENERAL: General Loring, with three regiments and a section of artillery, arrived this evening. General Andersons brigade, I under. stand, will be here to-morrow. This gives us great strength. General Loring informs me that you propose bringing 2,000 men yourself to- morrow. I shall be happy to see you, and if the troops are prepared with supplies for a forward movement we might drive the enemy over the Gauley. We have been threatened with an attack every day, but it has as yet been suspended. The concentration of so large a force will require great energy in the quarfermasters and commissary depart. ments. Fifty barrels of flour will be required daily for one item, and provender for the animals. Captain Thomas, the commissary, requires fifty wagons as a supply train. With that amount of transportation he says he can keep this force supplied. I have directed one wagon to be allowed each company of the Wise Legion for the transportation of company luggage, and the rest to be turned over to the supply train. Can you furnish any wagons from your camp ~ I send Major Cleary to make the arrangements necessary to insure the transportation of sup- plies, unless you have already done so through Major Dunn. Please let me know what arrangements have been made. As yet we have plenty of beef and are getting long forage. Flour, salt, and grain are essential. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, General, Commanding. P. S.The section of Captain Guys battery has just reported. I have assigned it to Colonel ileths command. [5.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 29, 1861. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE: GENERAL: Inquiries, by order of General Floyd, will be made at once about the absentees without leave from the command of Colonel Tompkins. If they are found in this camp they will be ordered to join their command as soon as possible. Your orders for supplies for the troops on Sewell have been punctually attended to. Provisions were forwarded yesterday, but could not reach them on account of the bad state of the turnpike. The salt at the White Sulphur will be pro- cured if this can be done, and ordered from that point. General Lor- ing arrived here with two regiments and a battery yesterday evening at 0 oclock. The militia, 1,500 strong, under command of General Chapman, are encamped one mile and a half from this point. Colonel Phillips legion of cavalry and riflemen are also here; reached this camp yesterday 5 p. m. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WM. E. PETERS, Assistant Adjutant-General, Floyds Brigade. [5. Page 325 CHAP. Lxiii.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 325 SPECIAL ORDERS, IIDQRS. ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, No. 165. 5 Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 29, 1861. The Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Thirty-sixth Virginia Regiments of Volunteers, a section of Guys battery, Adams section of artillery, the brigade undey command of General Anderson, the brigade of militia nnder command of General A. A. Chapman, the cavalry under com- mand of Maj. II. B. Davidson, and the Phillips Legion, under command of (Do]. William Phillips, will move from this camp to-morrow at 6 a. in., and will take up the line of march in the direction of Sewell Mountain. The men will take with them cooked rations for three days. No trans- portation will be allowed save for tents, cooking utensils, and blankets. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WILLIAM E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant-General, Floyds Brigade. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, No. 170. 5 Gamp at Meadow Bluff, September 29, 1861. A section (two pieces) of Guys battery will proceed immediately upon receipt of this to Sewell Mountain and report to General Lee for duty. They will take provisions and forage for three days, and two tents. The officer in charge will take ammunition with the section, 100 rounds at least. By order of Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd: WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General, Floyds Brigade. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 167. 5 Richmond, September .90, 1861. * * * * * * * III. Brig. Gen. G. J. Rains, Provisional Army, will proceed to York- town, Va., and report~ for duty to Brigadier-General Magruder, com- manding. * * * * * * * V. Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn, Provisional Army, will proceed to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, com- manding. * * * * * * * IX. Capt. E. J. ilarvie, C. S. Infantry, will immediately report for duty to the Secretary of War. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. CAMP AT SEWELL MOUNTAIN, September 30, 18614.30 p. m. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding, & c.: GENERAL: I have just received your note of to-day saying you will be here to-morrow. I begin to fear the enemy will not attack us. W Page 326 3243 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. shall therefore have to attack him. If we could get a weeks provis- ions for the troops we could move against him. By re-enforcing the Wise Legion with the militia at your camp to hold this place we could move against his rear and thus break up his position. Please see what arrangements can be made for securing provisions. A commis- sary for your troops ought to be present with them, or ought to send up sufficient supplies. Captain Barton could attend to it either here or there. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, - R.E.LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, Camp at Meadow Bluff, September 30, 1861. Maj. Gen. R. E. LEE: SIR: Your note of the 25th, relative to turning over the command of General Wise to me in obedience to the Secretary of War, by some strange casualty never reached my hands until to-day. This, I hope, will account to you for what otherwise would seem to be an inexcusa~ ble negligence in not answering your note or in not visiting your camp as suggested by you. I hope to see you to morrow, however, when the business referred to can be adjusted in detail. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. FLOYD, [5.] Brigadier- General, Commanding Army of the Kanawha. WILMINGTON N General S. COOPER, , . C., September 30 1861. Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond: Two regiments have iu part arrived, but without personal equip- ments, and unorganized. They will not be fit for the field for some time. I have not more than 500 or 600 men fit for duty on each side of the river. Could you send me one regiment each from Norfolk and Penin- sula, and take these new ones in exchange ~ J. IR. ANDERSON, [4.] Brigadier. General, Commanding. RICHMOND, September 30, 1861. Brig. Gen. J. R. ANDERSON, Wilmington, N. C.: The exchange of regiments suggested in your dispatch cannot be made. S. COOPER, [4.J Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, September 30, 1861. General J. R. ANDERSON, C. S. Army, Commanding Coast Defenses, Wilmington, N. C.: GENERAL: It is with extreme regret that I find this department so deficient in well-prepared troops. I have exhausted my argument Page 327 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, I~TC.CONFEDERATE. 327 with the authorities at Richmond for more troops without any other effect than the procurement of one Georgia regiment just organized. The State authorities have at length organized three regiments from the companies heretofore raised, and the last of these regiments will pass here to-day on its way to join you. Allow me to say a few words in regard to your suggestion to place one of the Fort Macon regiments in reserve at this place. Colonel Singeltary has but seven companies of his regiment at New Berne, the remaining three being in garrison at Fort Macon. Some days ago I directed Colonel Campbell to move one of his regiments to Carolina City * * * [illegible] * * * You are aware that one or more streams navigable from the Neuse to within a short distance of the road might readily be ascended by the enemy, and can imagine the state of things should they get possession of and either hold or destroy the bridge sixteen miles from New Berne. Now it is for the guarding of these all-imj~ortant points and to assist in the defense of New Berne that I desire to place the regiment at Carolina City. If I bring the regiment here it could be removed to New Berne, if necessary. but hardly in time to protect the road below that point, inasmuch as the position of Hatteras enables the enemy to advance up the Neuse without our having more than a few hours notice. These reasons make me hesitate about complying with your suggestions, nor can I do so unless further thought shall induce me to adopt them. Should the enemy appear in force off the mouth of the Cape Fear I will furnish such aid as I can, but I ani at a loss at present where to get it. Excuse this letter, as it emanates from the brain of a sick man, scarcely able to be out of bed long enough to write it. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLJN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. WILSON, N. C., September 30, 1861. Hon. JEFF. DAvIs, President Confederate States of America, Richmond, Ya.: HONORED SIR: As a private citizen, yet one who has traveled exten- sively along the coast of this State, from the Virginia line to the mouth of the Cape Fear River, would humbly and most respectfully entreat of you, as the Executive of the Confederate States of America, to whom the authorities of this State have referred the coast defense of North Carolina, to call upon the Governor of this State to send re-enforcemeiits as fast as practicable to the commanders of the different places of defense already occupied, and to make defenses at every acceptable place where the enemy can possibly make a landing. There is a full sufficiency of men left in the State for our own defense if called into service and sent to the right points, without ordering a single company from any other State, or returning any of those now in Virginia who volunteered from this State. For some unaccountable reason the authorities of this State seem not to have comprehended the importance and necessity of our coast defense, and have been slow to order a com- petent force or a sufficient armament. I cannot believe that there is wanting patriotism among the rulers or people of this State that has caused this neglect, but a want of properly comprehending its nature and importance. I know you must necessarily have your mind greatly occupied in the positions of the defenses on the Potomac and Western Virginia, and yet I feel assured that you must be fully alive to and se Page 328 328 MD., E. N. C., PA., YA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL sible of the great injury that must result to the Confederate cause should Eastern North Carolina come under the dominion of the Federal power. I am an old man, and have two sons in Company F, Fourth Regiment North Carolina State Troops (one only sixteen years old, who begged his mother and me to let him go to defend his country from the worse than savage invaders); but old as I am, when the enemy lands where I can get at them I am going to meet them and drive them out or die in the attempt. Excuse this trespass on your valuable time. May God be with you to bless you, give you victory over our enemies, and crown you in glory, is the prayer of your fellow-citizen, A. J. BATTLE. RICHMOND, October 1, 18G1. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Acting Secretary of War: SIR: I have the honor to inclose a letter just received from Win- chester. Respectfully, your obedient servant, II. WINDER, Brigadier. General. [Inelosure.] WINCHESTER, VA., September 30, iSGi. General WINDER: SIR: I understood when in Richmond a few days since that the grant- ing of passes to cross our lines to Maryland had been strictly forbidden. I take the liberty of addressing you to say that it is iiot observed here. I saw a hack-load of men leave here this morning via Hancock with passes from General Carson. One of them, a German named Brink, who lives in Baltimore, has been traveling South for some tirhe and lives and does business in Baltimore. Two of the load are Methodist ministers. There is a regular thoroughfare between this place and Hancock, and I think it should te stopped. On last Friday night a party of about fifty Federal troops came over to Bath drove all of the men out of the town, took possession of a woolen factory, and carried all the wool and cloth away, and will no doubt destroy and carry away the leather from a tannery there, which has a large lot on hand for the Confederacy. I have it from Doctor Brown, who was compelled to leave, that had General Carson sent fifty men there, as he was requested to do some few days ago by a number of gentlemen who caine here for the purpose, the Federal troops and Union men would have been pre- vented from committing the foray on Friday night last. Had I the proper authority I conld prevent the passage of men from here to Han- cock; and in my judgment it is one cause of much of the depredation committed, as persons going over are doubtless questioned as to the position of our troops. I communicate this from a sense of duty, and will be glad to be of service to you should you see proper to command my services. I can refer you to citizens of Richmond who know me personallyHon. J. R. Tucker, J. S. Calvert (State treasurer), Hy. St. George Offut, esq. Respectfully, y9ur obejient servant, C. W. PRICE Page 329 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 329 WiNCHESTER, VA., October 1, 1861. Hon. Mr. BENJAMIN, Acting Secretary of War: MY DEAR SIR: I send you a paper* of the 30th, which I procured to-day from a lady, aud will continue to do so from time to time. From a lady (perfectly reliable) I learn that there has been a desperate fight in Baltimore betweeu the Catholic and Protestant Irish in the Federal Army, and that it was quelled by ordering out the artillery and threat- ening to fire upon them. I learn also that Mrs. Phnnix, formerly Miss - Legar6, of South Carolina, was taken to a police station and searched by a man, her clothing taken off almost to the skin, also her shoes and stockings, and her hair examined. I learned to-day that the 12th of October is the day for a general advance. This may be true, but the source not very reliable. In my opinion, if our Government has no secret police in this section, it would be well to send the very best man that can be found into this part of Virginia. Winchester, Charlestown, and near Harpers Ferry will afford him a fine field of operation. The Federals are threatening to cross every day at the Ferry, and may do so. On Saturday night they crossed and came as far as Halltown, but were driven back by the pickets. If they cross in numbers over 1,000 men, Colonel Ashby will 1~e compelled to fall back. Mr. Boteler and Hunter will visit you in a day or two in regard to the border. Being just from the river, I pen this, thinking I may be of some service to the cause of my country. With respect, yours, most obediently, J. A. AVIRETT, JR. N. B.I am satisfied that some of the bullets that are being fired from the other side are poisoned, and you will have some of them sent to you for examination. [5.] HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, October 1~ 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant- General C. S. Army, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: General D. H. Hill having reported for duty, I have assigned him to the command indicated in Special Orders, No 166, adding thereto Fort Macon and its dependencies, inasmuch as that post is intimately connected with the defenses of Neuse River. I hope this addition will meet with your approval. The last of three volunteer regiments passed here this morning en route for Wilmington. This increases the force of General Anderson at that point to some 3,000 men, but they are raw troops, many of them yet to receive arms, which I learn are to be issued on their arrival. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, It. C. GATLIN, [4.] ______ Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goidsborough, October 1, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: Special Orders, No. 166, assigning Brigadier-General Hill to duty in this department, directs him to be charged with the defense Not found Page 330 330 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHiP. LXIII. of that portion of the State lying between Albemarle Sound and the Keuse River and Pamlico Sound, including those waters. By this the post on Roanoke Island becomes a part of his command, as the island lies between Croatan and Roanoke Sounds, which connect Albemarle with Pamlico Sound. I am nucertain if this was designed by the order; certainly it would be difficult for General II. to give proper attention to that island, inasmuch as it must draw its supplies for the present from Norfolk, the only route by which it is safely approachable as long as the enemy occupy Hatteras in force, or until we place a suffi- cient number of gun-boats upon Pamlico Sound to control its naviga- tion. General fluger at present attends to the wants of Roanoke Island, and will continue to exercise control there nntil I am prepared to relieve his troops. I would respectfully recommend that a third district be formed, embracing Roanoke Jsland and the Albemarle Sound with the country lying between Tyrrell County and the Yirginia line, and that an active officer be sent to command it. The island is of vast importance, as it is the key to the Albemarle, and the adjacent country demands the service of troops for its protection. Hoping that you will give the matter your earliest attention, I remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, It. C. GATLIK, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, WILLJAMSTON, N. C., October 1, 1861. Secretary of War ad interim, Richmond, Va.: DEAR SIR: Since the fall of Hatteras there has been great anxiety and uneasiness in regard to our section of the country. Fortifications are now going up on Itoanoke Island (probably as rapidly as possible) which when completed will. in the opinion of some, protect the Albe- marle country, while in the opinion of others it is exceedingly doubtful whether with the guns they have it can be made safe against a flotilla of gun-boats with long-range guns, and in any event will not be suffi- cient so long as Pamlico River is unprotected. I have just been visited by two of the most intelligent and worthy citizens of Washington County, and they inform me that their county they consider quite unsafe, as well as Tyrrell County, which lies below them, on the south side of Albemarle Sound. And what adds to their apprehension is that the volunteers who have been taken out of those counties and were made prisoners at Hatteras leaves, they fear, a majority of Wash- ington County unsound and unreliable in case of an attack by the enemy. I regret to write thus in relation to any of our population, but these gentlemen assure me this is an honest statement of the sentiment of their county. This region of country is of vast importance, and the enemy are well advised of it, and it would be very desiralAe to them to overrun and winter in, and serious apprehensions are entertained that an effort will be made to that end. One great need is good long-range guns, and sufficient force to support them, on all the rivers, and what these gentlemen desire are guns for the IRoanoke River, and at least a battalion of troops stationed in Washington County, where this dis- affection exists. I am requested also to inquire whether a company of artillery would be accepted by you for the defense of this region of country as long as necessary, and then for general service; and if so, can the Government furnish the company with the necessary guns Page 331 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 331 If you will accept such a company will you be kind enough to inform Joshua S. Swift, esq., Plymouth, N. C., and he promises to raise a com- pany if he can get the arms. You will pardon the anxiety we feel on the subject. We have applied to other authorities nearer home, but so far no officer has been with us to inquire into our situation and direct our defenses. Guns were promised for the fortification of the Itoanoke River, bnt none have been sent, and no effort seems likely to be made; and therefore I, in behalf of those interested, apply directly to you, with the hope you will give the necessary directions. Our people are willing to work or fight, but they need a head to plan and direct. It is, as we think, highly important to prepare, and full preparation may prevent an attack. Very respectfully, yours, ASA BIGGS. [4.j HEADQUARTERS STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, October 2, 18G1. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Acting Secretary of War: SIR: I most respectfully suggest that when our troops in Virginia go into winter quarters, if the country becomes frozen up our regi- ments may be permitted to return to winter them in our piney woods, as it will be much cheaper for the Government and more healthy for our men. Even if they were in the lower part of North Carolina it would be better than where they are, for with the speedy transporta- tion on our railroads they could at any moment be returned to any point where any sudden emergency might require them. If such a plan is entertained by you at all 1 would be glad to be informed in tiume, so that I might prepare proper places for their winter quarters, and I wonld also accumulate supplies in advance at State expense, so that they conld be furnished as Confederate authority might afterward require; and by doing this it would relieve your Department from many details and arrangements that would have to be made in advance, and you would then only use what provisions you might need and the balance I would retain still at the expense of the State, after you had only paid for what you might need for a longer or a shorter period, if any such arrangement is to be made, of course I would desire to be informed of it in time so as to make all proper arrangements. Large bodies of troops could be wintered in our piney woods, or in the lower part of North Carolina, at far less cost than on the frontier of Virginia, and with much better health. By the Government taking possession and control of the railroads they could risk a large force withdrawn from the Potomac, if the winter is severe and the country frozen in. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, F. XV. PICKENS. [~I RALEIGH COURT-HOUSE, October 2, 1861. General J. B. FLOYD: DEAR SIR: I send Adjutant Hill in advance of the regiment to make his report and also to bear this communication. I have to report, gen- eral, that I have made the best progress I possibly could, and have this morning reached this place, where I am compelled to camp in orde Page 332 332 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT ~. W., & W. VA. (CHAP. LflII. that the horses may be shod and something obtained for the men to eat. T have again to report to you, even at the hazard of making the announcement somewhat improper by its repetition, that the men of the regiment are nearly barefooted and almost destitute of clothing, and I have no means to get their shoes and clothing transported from Jacksons River depot. The result of marching them through the mud with their feet constantly wetsome of them touching the ground with their naked skinand with their insufficient clothing is that I am con- stantly leaving them sick along the road at the different camping grounds, and that, too, without medicine; and we have no wagons in which to send them back to the hospitals. On yesterday morning I had to leave nearly fifty, and this morning a considerable number are reported sick. Such, in my opinion, will be the case every day. Not feeling at liberty to make any longer halt than is necessary to get our horses able to go on, I make this report, being advised to do so by Col- onel Ector, Major Smith, and the surgeon. Colonel Ector is still unable to assume command, and hence it yet rests with me. I have the honor to be, respectfully, your obedient servant, M. DOUGLASS, Lieutenant- (olonel, Comdg. Thirteenth Regt. Georgia Volunteers.. [5.] IIEADQUARTER8 DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Brig. Gen. 1). II. HILL, C. S. Army, Goldsborough, October 2, 1861. Commanding District of the Pamlico, New Berne, N. 0.: GENERAL: A. note sent you yesterday stated my opinion in regard to your command extending over Roanoke Island by virtue of the Adjutant- Generals order. I think, however, that it was not so inteuded. I must therefore request that you do not assume command over that island until you hear from me on the subject. I have addressed the Adjutant-General on the subject of establishing the District of the Albe- marle, in which Iloanoke Island should be included. At this time the defenses of the Albemarle are under the control of General Huger. I am much concerned about the defenses of Wilmington. Three new regiments have been sent there lately, one armed, one partially armed, and the third entirely without arms. Why sent in that condition I am at a loss to know,if the story just told me by one of the officers of the regiment (Twenty-eighth) left in Raleigh to inquire about the arms, that he was told by an aide of the Governors that the regiment must wait until the old flint muskets could be changed to percussion, [be true]. You will perceive that in case Wilmington is attacked these raw troops would not likely prove very efficient in their half-armed state. It therefore becomes necessary to provide, if possible, a reserve force to be sent to that point if required. I know of none that might be so employed in case of emergency, save a portion of the regiments near Fort Macon. Therefore, it is desirable that Campbells and Vances regiments be immediately placed in position on the mainland, with instructions to keep on hand three days cooked provisions for all their available force, to meet, if necessary, the emergency referred to above. I shall not call for them except in case of absolute necessity, but it is feared that necessity may soon arise. There is no regular com- missary of subsistence at Washington, unless Colonel McMillan has one attached to his regiment. Please communicate with him on the subject, and if he has such an officer request him to place him in charg Page 333 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 333 of the depot at Washington until you can select a person to recommend for appointment to that position. The duty is at present performed by an irresponsible agent. Very respectfully, IL C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INsP. GENERALS OFFnDE, No. 170. Richmond, October 3, 1861. * * * * * * * VI. The following companies of artillery will immediately proceed to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, com- manding: Captain Cockes, Captain Colemans, Captain Brocken- broughs, Captain Dances, Captain Kirk patricks, Captain Leakes. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, Sewell Mountain, October 3, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding, & c.: GENERAL: Will you order Colonel Reynolds regiment to be pre- pared at dayligbt to march to the knob, east and north of my tent, with their days provisions, to re-enforce Colonel Richardson. Very respectfully, IL E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 171. * Richmond, October 4, 1861. * * * * * * IV. Capt. G. V. Moody, Louisiana Volunteers, will remain in this city and complete the organization of his battery as rapidly as pos- sible, after which he will proceed with his battery to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding. V. Capt. Clevelands company Georgia Volunteers is assigned to the Twentieth Regiment Georgia Volunteers, Col. W. D. Smith com- manding. Captain Cleveland will proceed with his company to Fair- fax, Va., and report to Colonel Smith, who will furnish the company with arms. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [~I Assistant Adjutant- General. BROOKES STATION, October 4, 1861. General S. COOPER: General Whiting telegraphs that the enemy is landing in force at Occoquan. I shall march immediately to his assistance with three regiments, reaving but two here for the defense of Aquia Creek. [5.] T. H. HOLMES Page 334 334 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL SPECIAL } HEADQUARTERS ADVANCED FORCES, ORDERS, Pai~fax Court-House, October 5, 1861. The earliest information of an advance movement by the enemy will, in all probability, be received by Brig. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart. Any immediate movement by the advanced forces of this command that may become necessary in consequence of such movements on the part of the enemy will be ordered by General Stuart and executed under his supervision. By order of Brigadier.General Longstreet: [G. M. SORREL,] [5.] Assistant Adjutant. General. The PRESIDENT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA :* The undersigned, citizens of the county of Hampshire, in the State of Virginia, respectfully represent that a portion of our county is now in possession of the enemy; that they have for the last three months occupied New Creek Station as their headquarters; that they occupy the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which is open and under their con- trol from the town of Cumberland, Md., to Wheeling; that the late Governor F. Thomas, of Maryland, has enlisted a force along the rail- road and canal under pretense of protecting the canal; that these men have been plundering and murdering our people on the border; that the Federal force at New Creek, with the so-called Union men, have been all the time harassing arid plundering good and true men, and arresting and taking them off as prisoners to the west; that the town of Romney has been twice invaded, the first time without resistance, and last week, when the enemy was driven back by the militia and a part of McDonalds mounted men; that they have sworn vengeance, and declare they will burn the town of IRomney, and as they are a set of desperadoes they will stop at no outrage on person or property. They have taken an immense amount of cattle, sheep, and horses, some negroes and grain, and if left unchecked will no doubt take all our people have. Thus the very food which our own people and army will need in a month or two is going to feed the army of the enemy in the west and on the border. We and the people in Romney and east of the town are true and loyal people, while the county west of us has a population two-thirds of which is demoralized, and many of them actively engaged in aiding the enemy. Now, we respectfully ask whether this people and this important border is to be neglected any longer; whether we have not a right to immediate protection, and whether our property and lives are to be sacrificed, our wives and daughters insulted and outraged, and to claim at once that kind pro- tection of our Government to which we are entitled. Much more might be said, but we now respectfully insist upon protection, and suggest that two or three regiments of volunteers, with some cavalry and artil- lery, be sent to our relief at once. We have been looking for ten days for Col. J. B. Baldwins regiment, and regret to learn that he is some- where in Highland County awaiting orders, although he is anxious to come on here. As the enemy, no doubt, intends to winter in Romney and Moorefleld, there is no time to lose. Respectfully, & c., JOHN B. WHITE. JAS. SHEETZ. E. M. ARMSTRONG. [5.] [AND 157 OTHERS.] * Without date, but was received at War Department October 5, 1861 Page 335 LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 335 HEADQUARTERS, & well Mountain, October 6, 1861. OFFICER COMMANDING CAVALRY: The enemy has disappeared in our front. I desire you to proceed with a strong detachment of cavalry on the Chestnutburg road and endeavor to ascertaiu their movements and position. Leave pickets and guards of yonr feebler horses and men at the avenues of approach to your rear, to give you notice, and send word to this camp should they endeavor to turn our left flank. B. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS,? HEADQUARTERS, No. . Se~well Mountain, October 6, 1861. 1. To insure the transportation of snpplies to the Army of the Kana. wha,it becomes necessary to repair the turnpike from Lewisburg to this camp. That portion of the road west of Sewell Creek will be repaired by the troops of Generals Loring and Floyd. That part of the road east of Sewell Creek by the militia force under General Chap. man. The road will be thoronghly drained, the waterways opened, and timber laid over all the soft and muddy portions, to form a flooring. 2. Upon the completion of the repairs of the road by the militia force, General Chapman is authorized to dismiss them to their homes for the purpose of attending to their crops, to be again called out when i~eces- sary. The provisions, forage, and wagons not required by the militia will be turned over by General Chapman to General Floyd. 3. General Floyd will prepare his brigade as secretly and speedily as possible, to operate on the sonth side of the Kanawha. He will make proper disposition of his sick, sending such as require it to the hos: pitals, and make arrangements for bringing up his convalescents and for securing supplies for his march and operations. R. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, General A. A. C~~PMAN, Camp on Sewell, October 6, 1861. Commanding Militia: Your application to have the militia under your command dismissed the service for the present has been under advisement since my note of yesterday, and considering the importance of giving to theni the oppor- tunity of attending to their agricultural pursuits, I have determined to comply with your request upon the following conditions, to wit: First, that you turn over to the proper authorities of my command all your supplies of provisions and small stores of every kind for the use of this army; second, that you furnish from your command a sufficient force to put the road iii good running order for half the distance from Meadow Bluff to Big Sewell; third, that you give me the use of all your wagons and teams to make one trip to ani from ~ River. For this lat- ter service you will be properly compensated and your property restored to its owners. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. B. FLOYD. By WM. E. PETERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General Page 336 336 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. tCHAP. tXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 173. f Richmond, October 7, 1861. * * * * * * * VII. The command of Lieutenant-Colonel Ashby, consisting of two companies of Colonel McDonalds regiment, will be increased by two other companies of that regiment, so as to make four companies of cav- alry. His command will be further increased by four companies of infantry of Colonel Monroes regiment of Virginia militia from Hamp- shire. These two additional companies of cavalry and four companies of infantry will be sent to Colonel Ashby without delay. Lieutenant- Colonel Ashby is authorized to muster into service for local defense a sufficient number of men to serve the pieces of artillery now with his command, and thus form a company of artillery. * * * * * * * X. Capt. A. F. Rudlers compahy of Georgia Volunteers will proceed to Lyncliburg, Va., and join Stovalls battalion of Georgia Volunteers. XI. Captain Grisham, of Mississippi artillery, will proceed with his company and battery to Wilmington, N. C., and report for duty to Brig. Gen. J. R. Anderson,Provisional Army. XII. Col. R. Ransom, Ninth Regiment North Carolina Volunteers (cavalry), will proceed to Richmond, Va., with as little delay as possible. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,. October 7, 1861. Fairfax and Sangsters Station and all the guards posted at those points will be under the control of Brig. Gen. Arnold Elzey, and the senior officers of such guards will report for orders when det4led for duty to those points. By command of General Johnston: THOS. G. RIIETT, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. J. G. MARTIN, RICHiVIONr~, October 7, 1861. Adjutant- General, Raleigh: The Governor of North Carolina was requested by telegraph 17th of September to order R. Ransoms regiment cavalry to this place. The regiment is wanted at Manassas. Please order it here for that purpose. Maj. J. W. Cameron, principal quartermaster in North Carolina, has been furnished with funds to pay the troops in North Carolina. No officer can be sent from here to pay. S. COOPER, [5j Adjutant and Inspector General. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, October 7, 1861. Hon. ASA BIGa-s, Williamston, N. C.: SIR: The Secretary of War directs me to say, in reply to your letter of the 1st instant, that the Government is using every effort to defen Page 337 CHAP. LXIII.] CORR]~SPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 337 the coast of North Carolina. Long-range guns are in limited supply, but they are mounted as rapidly as possible, and some have already been sent to Roanoke Island and Wilmington. The Secretary regrets that he cannot furnish guns for a company of artillery at present. General Hill has been sent to North Carolina with full instructions, and the 1)epartment hopes that all reasonable grounds of complaint will soon be removed. Respectfully, A. T. BLEDSOE, [4.] Chief Bureau of War. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 174. Richmond, October 8, 1861. * * * * * * * II. ]iAeut. Col. John S. Preston, assistant adjutant-general, Pro- visional Army, is relieved from duty with the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WiTHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, October 8, 1861. HENRY T. CLARK, Governor of North Carolina, Raleigh: SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge your favor of the 3d instant, * and have conferred with the President on the sub~ject of its contents. Although the call made for the militia was based on the request of prominent citizens of your State, who believe that a draft in the counties indicated would be of great service in committing to our cause numerous persons whose loyalty was doubtful, and that for this reason the draft was better than a call for volunteers, still we feel it to be emi- nently due to the Governors of the several States to treat with the utmost respect their suggestions in relation to the policy to be pursued amongst their own people. For this reason we yield to Your Excel- lencys objections, and are willing that volunteers to be raised for local defense (either under your own State law or under the act of Congress) be substituted for a draft of militia. I trust that under your auspices a call for such volunteers will be made, and prove as efficacious as you hope. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. P. BENJAMIN, [4.] Acting & cretary of War. HEADQUARTERS, AStewell Mountain, October 9, 1861. Brig. Gen. JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of the Kanawha: GENERAL: In preparing for your operations south of the Kanawha, it will be necessary to make certain arrangements for your supplies ~ See Clark to Benjamin, Vol. IV, p. 667. 22 R RVOL LI~ PT I Page 338 338 MD., E. N. c., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. both on that side of the river and on this, and to place the portion of your force you leave for the protection of this side of the valley under a suitable commander with instructions for his government. Informa- tion received from ~ihe Monterey and lluntersville lines may render necessary the return of General Lorings division at any moment, and I am only now retaining it, I fear at some risk, to secure this road while your arrangements are being matured. The enemy appears to be con- centrating his forces on Cheat Mountain, and may succeed in driving back General Jackson and opening the road to Staunton. I therefore consider it important that General Loring should return to his post as soon as possible. Unless the re-enforcements you expect reach you promptly, his departure may render a change of plans necessary, and perhaps may compel your retnrn to your encampment at Meadow Bluff before completing your arrangements. The extent of your operations south of the Kanawha must of course depend upon your means and will be governed by your good judgment. In my order of the 6th instant I had in view an advance down Coal River to the mouth of Lens Creek, the head of navigation of the Kanawha, to intercept the line of communication of the enemy, while an effort was being made to press him in front. The absolute want of necessary supplies forbids the projected advance iu front now, and the state of the roads may prevent it later. In that event you can only hold the road and operate by your left as far as you deem advantageous. After the departure of General Lorings command I shall feel compelled to return to my head- quarters at Richmond. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. ENGINEER BUREAU, WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., Richmond, Va., October 9, 1861. lion. SECRETARY OF WAR: SIR: From a conversation lately had with Colonel Talcott, chief engineer of the State of Virginia, and a visit with him to the work. shops employed, I conclude that but little activity prevails in prepara- tions for arming the defensive works around this city. Only six guns, 32-pounders, had been mounted, while some thirty others (about one- third of the whole number required) were on hand without carriages. A few of these carriages were under construction, but the work was moving very slowly for want of mechanics and on account of the high price of skilled labor. It was understood from the colonel that the State authorities as well as himself are extremely desirous that the whole responsibility of these works should be assumed by the Confed- erate States. I would respectfully recommend that this wish be promptly acceded to, and that the works and the duty of arming them be placed in the bands of the acting chief of this Bureau. It is true that we have no engineer officers who can be assigned to a constant personal supervision of them, but I anticipate no difficulty on that account, as we can continue temporarily in service the civil engineers already employed on them. On the 5th instant I had the honor to sub- mit to you a list of twenty-five officers of the line of the army selected for their presumed fitness for engineer service, hoping that they might be available and be detailed thereto. If the charge of the defensive works, coast and city, is to be assumed by the Government, as it ought to be, this increase of the engineer force is imperatively necessary. I Page 339 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 339 those officers cannot be had, our only alternative seems to be the employment of such civil engineers as may already have had some military experience. In this case, and indeed in any case, an engineer officer of experience should be detailed to visit and inspect every work, as well as to advise with the commander for its defense. Very respectfully, sir, your obedient servant, P. LEADBETTER, Major of Engineers and Acting Chief of Bureau. HEADQUARTERS FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Fairfax Court-House, October 9, 1861. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Acting Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.: SIR: The Department letter of the 8th instant has been received, informing me that the President does not approve the division of the army into two corps. If I am to understand by this that I am no longer in command of an army corps, then I have the honor to request that I may be relieved forthwith from my present false position- but if I am in command of one, I must then be provided with an officer to supply the place of Capt. E. P. Alexander, Corps of Engineers, who was my signal officer and acting ordnance officer, but transferred by me to General J. E. Johnston on account of his necessities as general- in-chief. The worse are the elements of an army in the field, the greater must be its subdivisioiis under competent officers, otherwise those in command must devote to details the time and attention which ought properly to be applied only to the most important duties of their position. The application for Mr. T. B. Ferguson was intended for an acting ordnance officer to see to the details of that important depart. ment of the First Army Corps. I remain, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. T. BEAUREGARD, [5.] General, Commanding First Corps, Army of the Potomac. STAUNTON, VA., October 9, 1861. Governor LETCHER, Richmond: We have received this morning an order from General Jackson direct- ing the regiment [Fifty-eighth Virginia] to go west at once. It is utterly impossible to comply with it. The reasons are communicated in a letter sent you by John Barclay to-day. It will be necessary to have the order countermanded by the War De~partment at once. Answer. S. H. LETCHEiR. [5.] SALUDA, October 10, 1861. Mr. J. P. BENJAMIN, Acting Secretary of War: DEAR SIR: I have thought it advisable to inform you of our exposed condition on the Rappahannock River. There is no fortification between Lowrys Point and the mouth of the river, a distance of forty miles, an Page 340 340 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. there are from one to three war steamers running up the river every day, throwing their lead lines and staking the channel out, and there are only two little 6-pounder cannon in Middlesex County. I am satisfied that their purpose is to land a large number of their men at or about Urbana and march through Middlesex and King and Queen Counties, and cross the Dunkirk Bridge, which is over the Mattapony River, and on to Richmond. Now, sir, I beg that you will think of us and order some heavy cannon to be sent down to Grays Point, which can be easily fortified, and then we can keep them out of our river; but unless we cau get cannon it will be impossible for us to contend with them with our flint-lock muskets. They can laud their men under their guns, and we cant get near enough to them to prevent it, so you can readily see our situation. Do help us. Respectfully, JNO. G. ANDERSON. [5.] HEADQUARTERS, Fairfax Court-House, October 11, 1861. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Secretary of War: SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 7th instant.* In reference to the changes recommended by the President in uniting the troops from each State, as far as possible, into the same brigades and divisions, I respectfully suggested to the Presi- dent at the time that it is scarcely practicable to make such change now. It would be dangerous, I think, to make such a rearrangement in the presence of the enemy, while we are liable to attack at any moment. I beg you and the President to consider this, and to permit the postponement of the reorganization of our troops until a time when we may have better op~portunity to make it. Most respectfully, your obedient servant, JOSEPH E. JOHNSTON, [5.] General. HEADQUARTERS FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAc, Fairfax Court-House, October 11, 1861. His Excellency President DAVIS, Richmond, Va.: Mr. PRESIDENT: In compliance with your request I have the honor to submit the following statement of the services being gratuitously rendered by Mr. E. Yliny Bryan, one of the earliest secessionists of the Maryland Legislature. He served originally as a volunteer private in the First Virginia Regiment for a long period, including the battles in July, and until he heard of the system of signals, when he offered his services unreservedly to me. With General Beauregards approval I instructed him fully and sent huin across the Potomac to live in Wash- ington City, and communicate with us by signals from a window visible from Masons Hill. This bold plan was only frustrated by our evacua- tion of that position while he was making his way through Maryland to Washington. He has returned safely, and is now only awaiting the perfecting of our plans before going back to Maryland to live concealed * See Vol. Y, p. 892 Page 341 Ca& r. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 341 on the shore at some suitable point, and communicate with us (both by boat and signals) information to be furnished by our friends in Wash- ington. He is bold and intelligent, and well worthy of any recognition or reward you may deem suitable. I respectfully request something that may at least entitle him to our protection if arrested. In the same connection I beg leave to mention also a lady previously known to Mr. B. whom I design employing in Washington City in connection with him, with his full consent. She is most admirably adapted mentally, socially, and physically to her task, and has motives to serve us which will carry her to any necessary lengths. She claims to be married to an officer in our army, by whom she has two children whose legitimacy she wishes to establish, the father denying it and being about to marry another woman. His family is an influential one, and she desires to serve us to gain influence and an official recognition to meet their attacks upon her claims. Her present assumed name is Mrs. Morris. Begging your approval of my employment of her in a way to jeop- ardize nothing, and a favorable remembrance of her services should they prove of value, I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. ALEXANDER, Cajptaia of Engineers. [Indorsement.] SECRETARY OF WAR: The first may be provided for as an employ6; the second may be sustained with mQney. [5.] J. D[AVIS]. HEADQUARTERS, Sewell Mountain, October 11, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of the Kanawha: GENERAL: Havmer has just returned from his scout. Says he saw the last of the enemy leave Aldersons yesterday morning. Their rear guard was composed of four regiments and their train of wagons reached over a mile. He counted the last regiment, which moved by fours, and there were eighty-seven fours, besides stragglers. his account is minute and apparently truthful. I have not got the reports from all the regiments of your brigade of the number of sick in this camp. But I have learned of over 300. I have put in requisition all the regimental wagons of the Wise Legion to carry to the Blue Sul- phur. Colonels Russell and Ector report they have no transportation as yet for their regiments and there is none in this camp. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, IR.E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding. ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE KANAWHA, No.. ~ Camp , October 11, 1861. The army will march to-morrow morning at 6 oclock in the following order: First, Phillips Legion; second, Second Brigade, under Colonel Tompkins; third, First Brigade, under Colonel Heth; fourth, the artil. lery; fifth, baggage wagons belonging to General Floyds headquar- ters; sixth, ammunition wagons, ordnance; seventh, hospital wagons Page 342 342 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. eighth, regimental baggage w.agons; ninth, supply train. A detail of one officer and twenty-five men will be made from the First Brigade as rear guard. The officer will be instructed to allow neither officer, sol- dier, nor wagou to fall in rear of the guard. Commanders of regiments will pay particular attention to keeping their men in ranks, and to allow no one to go into houses, or take or destroy property along the road. By order of Brigadier-General Floyd: H. B. DAVIDSON, [5.] Major and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Raleigh, October 12, 1861. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Secretary of War: SIR: I herewith inclose to you a communication which, after much delay, reached me through the mail. If the information intended to be imparted can be of any service you can give it the proper direction. Very respectfully, HENRY T. CLARK. [Inclosure.] PHILADELPIrIA, August 10, 1861. GOVERNOR: General McClellan is drilling his army by battalions and divisions to the sound of the trumpet, so as to enable him to con- centrate large bodies at a certain point in a short space of time. He says it is to be a war of artillery. In the next fight those having the longest range guns and the heaviest artillery will succeed. The next battle will be conducted after the manner of a siege. They think of avoiding Manassas and trying to get to Richmond by another round- about way. You must look sharp for them. Some think here the next battle will not be fought at Manassas. They would like to get to Rich- mond by another route. You must fortify and intrench all your cities and towns of note. If they are successful in the next fight they will walk right through the South. That i~I eClellan is a pushing fellow, full of stratagem. He was the agent of the Government to view the battles in the Crimea, and he is trying to improve on it. The next fight he intends to make it a siege artillery fight at long range by shell- ing. They are increasing their cavalry and mounted riflemen and artillery. They will have some 200,000 men, 25,000 cavalry, 10,000 mounted riflemen, and 200 to 300 guns, heavy caliber, rifled. They talk of marching from Eastern Virginia into Kentucky and Tennessee, so as to hem the troops in at Manassas. North Carolina must be wide- awake to fortify her towns and cities. The Government has advertised for pilots on the North Carolina coast. The South must keep their eye on the Mississippi also. Look to your coast defenses. They may attempt to land a force and try to get to Richmond by a rear movement. Look to your cavalry, organize mounted riflemen, cavalry, and artillery. They are trying to keep their movements very secret. They give the newspapers now no news of the army movement. Xou must all be wide-awake and prepared for attack at all points. Can you please for- ward this letter to Richmond ~ [5. Page 343 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 343 The following resolutions were read and passed unanimously and without discussion by a meeting of citizens of North Carolina, held in Hyde County, Saturday, October 12, 1861: Resolved, 1 hat we do hereby voluntarily and deliberately reaffirm our loyalty to the Government of the United States, and express our unalterable attachment to that Constitution which is the basis of the Union founded by our fathers. Resolved, That while, as a law-abiding people, we accept the consti- tution and laws of the Commonwealth of North Carolina as they were prior to the treasonable and revolutionary innovations of the conspira- tors against the Union in this State, we do, nevertheless, utterly repu- diate, reject, and disavow all acts of any convention or Legislature done in contravention of our primary and permanent allegiance to the Fed- eral Government, or in derogation of its authority, as imposing no obligation that loyal citizens are bound to respect. Resolved, That we owe no obedience to the commands of the Acting Governor of North Carolina, nor to any other public officers, however validly constituted, who have transferred the duty they owed to the Union to the spurious Government self styled the Confederate States of America. They have vacated, by the fact of their treason, the posi- tions to which they were elevated by a confiding but betrayed people; and the rightful power to fill their vacancies reverts to the loyal men among their constituents. Resolved, That no State authority existing which we can consistently recognize or obey, anddesiring to secure the benefit of law and order, now virtually suspended amid the anarchy of usurpation which pre- vails within our borders, we declare our wishes for the establishment, at an early day, of a provisional State government for the loyal people of North Carolina. [4.] EASTYILLE, October 12, 1861. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Attorney- General of Confederate States, Richmond: IDEAR SiR: If you concur in opinion with me that any citizen of the Confederate States who takes the oath of allegiance or to support the Constitution of the United Stateswhich the Federal forces are in the habit of administering to all our citizens who will take it wherever they have an opportunitythereby becomes an alien enemy, I wish you would address me a letter expressing such opinion. The reason of my making this request is that many persons on this peninsula of Virginia are declaring, in the event of the enemy overrunning this peninsula, they wonld not hesitate to take the oath which might be tendered them by the invading forces. If this be done by them it will demoralize our whole society if we shall be invaded. Men are talking about doing this who have been as faithful to the South as others, but for it to be suppose(l that our Government will tolerate treason and toryism in our midst is to inangurate them. The man ~vho is allowed to do this takes two chances for safety and security, and self-preservation requires that it be not tolerated or allowed by the Government. You may well imagine what would be the effect on an isolated community as ours if an invading force shall overrun uswhich,lam free to say, I do not apprehendand a portioii of society takes the oath of allegiance to the Government of the United States, that those who refuse to take it will almost certainly be taken as prisoners. Would not the idea that thos Page 344 344 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. (CHAP. LXIIL who take the oath may do it with impunity necessarily make men dis- loyal, especially those with weak nerves ~ The idea must be suppressed by our Government, even if additional legislation shall be necessary. This question I regard as one of great importance to the people of the Eastern Shore, and you will greatly oblige others, as well as myself, by giving me your views upon the subject. Very respectfully, MIERS W. FISHER. [4.] ______ NORFOLK, October 12, 1861. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President of the Confederate States, Richmond, Va.: DEAR SIR: Learning by telegraph that my family had reached Nor- folk under a flag of truce, I took this place on my way South for the purpose of having them with me. I learn from Mrs. Lovell that the opinion of those in New York who ought to know was that a larg& expedition would shortly sail from New York and Boston for Savannah, or a point on the coast in that vicinity. Mr. James Gallatin, of New York, an eminent financier and prominent Republican, stated as above in presence of Mrs. Lovell, and the several railroads draining a cotton- growing country, which converge at Savannah, give probability to the report. He also said that ten of the small steamers about completed were to be sent to the mouth of the Mississippi. Mr. G[allatin,] although a Republican, is opposed to Lincoln and his cabinet, declaring that their removal must he preliminary to any attempt at peace. An iron- plated steamer has been finished and has made a successful trial trip; another is in progress, and the expense proving less than was antici- pated, a third has been ordered. Recruiting is at a stand-still, and Mr. Gallatin said that next week they would be obliged to commence drafting in New York to keep the army full. They are daily expecting an attack in Washington by our troops. That city, however, is repre- sented to be very thoroughly fortified and the troops in a good state of discipline. No point has beemi left undefended. When our advance was thrown forward to Munsons Hill, McClellan had made all his arrangements to envelop and destroy them, when they fell back and thwarted his plans. He had communicated his intentions to Mr. Cam- eron, who mentioned them to others, and McC[lellan] thought the with- drawal was in consequence of knowledge thus obtained, grew indignant, and sent in his resignation, declaring that he would have nothing further to do with the army unless he had complete control. This was last week. General Scott is rapidly failing, and in a semi-comatose state. There is evidently quarreling and disagreement between the generals and the cabinet. The general tenor of the information I get is as favorable to us as we could hope. They regard themselves as on the defensive, and McClellan will make no attack, except in the shape of a coup de niain, and will not leave his base far to do that. Business is said to be improving in New York. I communicate these points, hoping that, taken in connection with other information, they may assist you in deducing your conclusions. Respectfully, your obedient servant, M. LOVELL. [Indorsement.] SECRETARY OF WAR: The defenses of the Southern coast have received attention. Any- thing which suggests itself we can discuss, [4.] J.D Page 345 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 345 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 179. Richmond, October 14, iSGi. * * * * * * * XII. Captain Easleys company (the Catawba Braves) Virginia Vol- unteers will proceed to Yorktown, Va., and report for duty to Major- General Magruder, commanding. XIII. Col. W. E. Starke and Lieut. Col. J. L. Corley, Sixtieth iRegi- ment Virginia Volunteers, will report for duty with their regiment to General iR. E. Lee, Lewisburg, Va. * * * * * * * XV. Captain Warings company (the Georgia Huzzars) Georgia Vol- unteers will proceed to Manassas, Va., and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS,~ {4 and 5.] Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS, Fairfax Court-House, October 14, 1861. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN, Secretary of War: SIR: I have been informed by General Beauregard that you have directed him to revoke his orders for the raising of a company to serve a rocket battery. I respectfnlly ask you to recall your order on this subject, and hope that you will permit the company to be raised and equipped in the manner intended by General Beauregard. It is thought by our scientific officers that such a battery would be a powerful aux- iliary to our infantry, the more desirable from the great superiority of numbers of the enemy. The weapon would be especially formidable to the namerous bat unskillful horsemen of the lilY. S. Army. Most respectfully, your obedient servant, J. E. JOHNSTON, [5.] General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORFOLK, October 14, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General: SIR: I inclose an advertisement which I propose publishing. My object is to get rid of a disaffected and troublesome population, most of whom are idle and would be liable to turn against us if we were in any danger of a defeat. They are sending up to Richmond from day to day and getting passes, thus keeping up a continued communication with the enemy. I propose letting them all go and tell all their tales at once, and after that to allow none to leave. I beg it may be sub- mitted to the Secretary of War for his approval or disapproval. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, BENJ. HUGER, ]lliajor- General, Commanding. [Inclosure.] As many persoi~s residing in this locality are from time to time mak- ing application to these headquarters to be permitted to go North under a flag of truce, and as the time allowed by an act of Congres Page 346 346 MD., E. N. C.. PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIIL and the proclamation of the President for all alien enemies to leave the Confederate States or take the oath of allegiance has expired, notice is hereby given to all alien enemies and other disaffected per- sons that, upon a day hereafter to be named, a flag of truce will leave for the purpose of conveying them beyond these military lines, and all who desire so to depart will within one week from this date register their names at the offices of W. W. Lamb, esq., mayor of Norfolk, and Capt. George W. Grice, assistant quartermaster, Portsmouth. This steamer will be the last that nih convey residents of this locality under a flag of truce, amid all alien enemies or other suspected persons found within these military lines after her departure will be arrested and imprisoned, as the law directs. [4.] HEADQUARTERS, Sewell Mountain, October 14, 1861. COMMANDING OFFICER MEADOW BLUFF: SIR: Information has reached General Lee that a scouting party of the enemy, numbering thirty or forty, had been seen on the Wilderness [road] about fourteen miles this side of Gauley River. He wishes you to send out at once a scout of sufficient size and ascertain the truth of the matter, and make a report to him as soon as possible, stating the strength, position, & c. I am, with respect, your obedient servant, W. H. TAYLOR, A8sistant Adjutant- General. CAMP MEADOW BLUFF, Monday, October 14, 1861. Captain THOMPSON: I have just received the above, and send you in command of the scouting party alluded to. Take 100 men and proceed out the Wilder- ness road early in the morning. Take with you some of Captain Fitz- patricks command now on that road. They know the country well. Your principal object is to obtain information. Report to me at Meadow Bluff as early as possible. Respectfully, yours, A. G. JENKINS, [5.] Lieutenant- Colonel, & c. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Maj. Gen. ~. G. MARTIN, Goldsborough, October 14, 1861. Adjutant- General of North Carolina, Raleigh: GENERAL: Your letter of the 12th instant, relating to a plan of Capt. J. S. Pender to recapture Fort Hatteras, was received this morn- ing. As his plan has not been submitted to me, I have no means of judging of its feasibility or of my ability to furnish the means required to carry it into execution. I trust that His Excellency will have confi- dence in the conduct of affairs on the Pamlico. Brigadier-General Hill, who is now iii command of that district, has the reputation of a brave and enterprising officer, and will no doubt undertake such enter- prises as may in his judgment seem best to rid us of the presence of our enemies. The general is probably at Itoanoke Island to-day. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, It. C. GATLIN, Brigadier- General, Commanding Page 347 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 347 SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 180. ,( Richmond, October 15, 1861. * * * * * * VI. Major-General Hugers command will hereafter be designated the Department of Norfolk. * * * * * * * X. The battalion of seven companies of Georgia Volunteers now at Atlanta, Ga., will proceed to this city as soon as practicable (not later than the 10th of November, proximo) and on arriving here will be united with the three companies now in this city commanded by Cap- tains MeCullobs, Whitley, and Head, to form a regiment, the command of which is assigned to Col. E. L. Thomas. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4 and 5.] As8istant Adjutant.General. HEADQUARTERS, SeweU Jlliountain, October 15, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of the Kanauha: GENERAL: I have just received yonr letter of the 13th and am glad to learn that you have made a successful passage of the New River and are within reach of provisions. I have kept scouts on the road in front of us constantly; two of which have just got in, from whom I learn that the enemy on Sunday had reached Gauley Bridge with his advance, his rear guard, consisting of two regiments, being at Eli Woods, General iRosecrans himself being at Tompkins farm. He had a ferry-boat at Gauley bridge capable of carrying at a trip four wagons (two-horse) together with about fifty men. Two regiments had crossed. My informant crossed in the boat under the pass of General iRosecrans, given by his provost-marshal, Maj. Joseph Darr, jr. (which T now have). He says their army consisted of 14,000 men certainly, and that they considered themselves too weak to attack us. They have an immense train of wagons, and said they required 1,000 to keep them supplied with provisions. My informant saw them issuing, on Sunday, winter clothing to their men. From their conversation he inferred they were very desirous of returning to Ohio, but he heard them speak of wintering in Charleston. This is all that is important and may enable you to form some opinion oftheir strength, & c. I hear of no troops crossing at Carnifix, from which road they have taken dowim the telegraph line. I learned last night that a party of the enemy had advanced on the Wilderness road and shot John Amick (your scout). Mr. Cleary brought the news. I directed, immediately, Colonel Jenkins to send his cavalry and go with such force as he had at Meadow Bluff to ascertain the facts, drive them back, & c. We barely get bread from day to day. No forage. I should have advanced toward Gauley, had. it been possible to take the road, with a view of harassing the enemy and damaging his retreat. I sent the quartermaster and commissary on the road to see what could be procured and they report literally nothing. I am obliged to send the North Carolina regiment back at once, their sick increasing and not having 200 men for duty. The hospitals in rear are full to overflowing. The men of the Wise Legion are suffering much for want of clothing. The horses of the command are without provender. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, 11. E. LEE, [5.] General, Commanding Page 348 ~48 MD., E. N. C., t~A., X~A., ~XCEP1~ S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. tXiII. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 181. Richmond, October 16, 1861. * * * * * * * X. The following independent companies of Mississippi VolnnteerB will constitute a battalion: Captain Lees, Captain Blewetts, Captain Loves, Captain Crutchers, Captain Blackwells. The battalion will be further increased by the transfer of Captain Kerrs company of Missis- sippi Volunteers from Colonel Crumps Twenty-sixth Regiment Virginia Volunteers. This company will be replaced in Colonel Crumps regiment by Captain Easleys company ot Virginia Volunteers, now under orders for Yorktown. Captain Blackwells company will remain at Manassas until the battalion proceeds there. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant. General. WAR DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., 861. Maj. Gen. B. HUGER, Richmond, October 16 1 Commanding at Norfolk: SIR: In reply to your letter of the 14th instant, submitted by the Adjutant-General to the Secretary of War, I am directed to say that the proposed action with regard to alien enemies is entirely approved. Respectfully, A. T. BLEDSOE, [4.] Chief of Bureau of War. RICHMOND, VA., October 16, 1861. Capt. JOHN P. THOMPSON AND OTHERS OF THE KENTUCKY VoLs.: GENTLEMEN: I have received your petition of the 10th instant. The pnblic defense requires all the troops now in the Army of the Potomac. Instead of contemplating the withdrawal of any portion of them, my wish has been to increase the nnmber. If troops were withdrawn because their State was assailed the hope and prophecy of the enemy would be fulfilled. Sympathizing with the feeling expressed, I regret that the public interest does not allow me to comply with your request. JEFFERSON DAVIS. [5.] HEADQUARTERS & well Mountain, October 16, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of the Kanawha: GENERAL: In my letter of yesterday, not wishing to detain your messenger, I only adverted to such circumstances as I thought it important for you to know. I will now repeat that the advance of the enemy reached Gauley Bridge on Sunday evening last. His rear guard, composed of two regiments, was at Eli Woods, while General E{osecrans] himself with his main body, was at Colonel Tompkins. Three regi- ments were at Jacob Woolinnes [?] and three at Hamiltons; the whole army coii sisting of fourteen regiments. The occupation of Cotton Hill, as you know, will annoy them greatly. From their movements Page 349 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 349 do not think they intend crossing the river soon, or at least of abandon- ing Gauley River. You must judge of the means at your disposal how you can best operate against them or whether any aid can be given you on this side. The North Carolina regiment has returned to Meadow Bluff. General Loring thinks it important for his command to return to his line. The reports from there indicate another attack. The Wise Legion is much crippled on account of their sick. want of clothing, & c., and the horses are iml)overished. I shall not be able to retain them at this place on account of the inclemency of the weather. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, General, Commanding. P. S.The bearer will report news from Fayette. I consider it use- less to send the letter he conveyed to me. ~5.] R. E. L. RICHMOND, October 16, 1861. General T. II. HOLMES, Brookes Station: We have similar information, which to some extent is considered reliable.* You must be particularly on your guard and keep a sharp lookout. S. COOPER, [5.) Adjutant and Inspector General.. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 431. October 17, 1861. I. All advanced outposts will be under the command of Brig. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, and the commanding officers of all details for such duty will report in person to him. II. Capt. E. J. Harvie, C. S. Infantry, is assigned to duty as assistant inspector-general of this army, and will report to Col. George W. Lay for instructions. III. The Seventeenth Regiment Georgia Volunteers, Col. II. L. Bea- ning commanding, is assigned to duty with the Sixth Brigade, Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, Brig. Gen. R. Toombs commanding, and will report accordingly. IV. The Nineteenth Regiment Georgia Volunteers is assigned to the garrison of Camp Pickens, and will report to Col. G. B. Anderson, commanding. By command of General Johnston: THOS. G. RIIETT, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. SECOND DIV., FIRST JDORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 1. ) October 18, 1861. Brig. Gen. Charles Clark, C. S. Army, having reported for dutty with the division, is assigned to the command of the Fourth Brigade. He will enter at once upon the duties of that position. By command of Major-General Longstreet: G. MOXLEY SORREL, [5.] __ Assistant Adjutant- General. * See Holmes to Cooper, Vol. V, p. 903 Page 350 350 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS MONTEREY LINE, NORTHWEST ARMY, No. 140. ) Greenbrier River, October 18, 1861. 1. Captain Tebbs, of the Third Arkansas Regiment, is assigned to the duty of constructing huts upon the top of Alleghany and within the limits designed for the fortifications, to serve as winter quarters and store-houses for the supplies, and for hospital accommodations for 2,000 troops. The workmen of his command will be divided into fifteen working parties, ten of which will be furnished from the camp at Green- brier River, in accordance with the accompanying lists, and he is em- powered by this order to apply to the commanders of brigades for the specific details to be made; all vacancies chancing to occur by the absence or sickness of any of Lhe workmen jiamed upon said list to be supplied from the same command. He will have all necessary arrange- ments made during the day for the departure of his command early in the morning, when he will proceed with it to the top of Alleghany, place it in camp, and press forx~ard the work assigned as rapidly as possible. He will apply to the brigade quartei-m aster for the requisite transporta- tion, not simply to move his command, bnt to prosecute effectively the work, and under the general supervision of Lieutenant-Colonel Barton he will demand and obtain the reqnisite tools and implements, for which he will receipt and be held responsible. 2. The remaining five details will be made from the Fifty-second Vir- ginia Regiment by its commanding officer in the same form and subject to the same general direction. 3. The requisite wagons for transportation to be furnished by the commands forming the division, according to a fair apportionment, to be made by the brigade quartermaster. By order of Brig. Gen. H. iR. Jackson, commanding: F. S. BLOOM, [5.] Acting Assistant Adjutant- General.~ SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 184. Richmond, October 19, 1861. * * * * * * * XVI1. Col. Robert Ransom will proceed with his regiment of North Carolina cavalry as soon as he can reach there with due regard to the good condition of his command and report for duty to General J. E. Johnston, commanding the Army of the Potomac. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND INSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 185. Richmond, October 21, 1861. * * * * * * * XI. The Fifty- eighth Regiment Virginia Volunteers will without delay move with its whole effective force to Fork of Waters, near Mon- terey, in obedience to the orders of Brigadier General Jackson, here. tofore given. * * * * * * Page 351 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRF~SPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 351 XVIII. The county of ilenrico is constituted a separate military department, under the command of Brigadier-General Winder, head quarters at Richmond, Va. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. OCTOBER 21, 1861. General J. B. JOHNSTON, Present: DEAR GENERAL: I send you herewith two dispatches* I found at Ewells. How true they are I am unable to tell, but I should not be surprised if there was some truth in them, especially in reference to that battery on the Maryland shore, probably a mortar battery. Bomb- proofs ought to be provided at once for the garrisons and part of the reserves. 11 think they ought to be telegraphed to know if they want Tripletts company from Camp Pickens, or it might be sent there any- how for a few days, and should they wish to keep it they could return another company in its place. The flag I think will do first rate. They ought to be made so as to be easily attached to the staff. When will the others be back ~ I send a dispatch just received from Evans. I should not be surprised if he whipped the whole of Banks army. Yours, truly, G. T. BEAUREGARD. I think it would be well to attack them whenever the opportunity presents itself. [5.] G. T. B. RICHMOND, October 21, 1861. General J. B. MAGRUDER, Yorktown: Retain the Mississippi company by all means. We are making every effort to re-enforce you to the extent of our ability. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, October 21, 1861. Brig. Gen. 1). II. HILL, Commanding District of the Pamlico: GENERAL: The following telegram has just been received from General Cooper, viz: The following telegram has just been r9ceived from General Hnger, to wit: A large fleet is about sailing from New York for the purpose of attacking Beaufort and New Berne. This information has been communicated to me by a man who repre- sents himself to be a deserter from the frigate Minnesota (an officer), and confirmed by a letter found in his possession.~~ S. COOPER. You will therefore please return to New Berne without delay. Very respectfully, your obedient servant~R. C: GATLIN, Brigadier- General, Commanding. (Sent to New Berne by special train to forward to General Hill.) [4.] Not found as inclosures Page 352 352 MD., K N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP LXIII. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborouyl?, October 21, 1861. Brig. Gen. D. H. HILL Commanding District of the Pamlico, New Berne, N. C.: GENERAL: Your communication of the 9th instant to the Adjutant- General, with his remarks indorsed thereon, is herewith inclosed. I presume you have received a communication from these headquarters, dated the 11th instant, instructing you to assume command of the forces on iRoanoke Island. Au engineer has been dispatched by Gen- eral J. H. Anderson to Onslow County to erect such batteries as may be deemed advisable and the commander of the forces in that section directed to report by express to the commander of the nearest troops of your district any attempt of the enemy to land. I have instructed my adjutant-general to direct that such guns, gun carriages, and ammunition as may be required for the proposed batteries in Onslow, and which can be spared, be supplied by the ordnance officer at New Berne under your directions. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 14. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier-General, Commanding. GOLDSBOROUGH, October 21, 1861. General ANDERSON~ Wilmington, N. C.: Just received from General Huger the following telegram, viz: A large fleet is about sailing from New York for the purpose of attacking Bean- fort and New Berne. This information has been communicated to me by a man who represents himself as a deserter from the frigate Minnesota (an officer), and confirmed by a letter found in his possession. It is desirable that you should hold your troops in readiness to answer any call made upon them. 14. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, 6~enterville, October 22, 1861. General COOPER: Colonel Evans reports that he was engaged most of the day yester- day with twelve regiments and five batteries of the enemy near the Potomac. They had crossed under cover of artillery fire. He drove them back with a heavy loss in killed, 200 prisoners, and 6 field pieces. He has four regiments and five guns. J. E. JOHNSTON. [5.] HEADQUARTERS FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Centerville, October 22, 1861. President DAVIS: In addition, concerning Evans victory, I have to report capture of nearly 600 prisoners and 1,200 stand of arms. Their killed, wounded, and prisoners between 1,000 and 1,200. The rout was total. An infa Page 353 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDE RATE. 353 try fight; Eighth Virginia and Seventeenth and Eighteenth Mississippi Regiments engaged. The Thirteenth Mississippi held as reserve. No artillery fired by us. THOMAS JORDAN, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY OF THE PENINSULA, ASST. ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, No. 101. ) Yorktown, October 22,1861. The major-general commanding the Army of the Peninsula has the pleasure to announce to the command a brilliant achievement of our arms on the Potomac, communicated to him by the following telegram from the Adjutant-General of the Army, at Richmond: The following telegram received from General Beauregard: Evans was engaged with the enemy yesterday. A brilliant affair for our arms. He drove twelve regiments back into the river; took nearly 200 prisoners, including Colonel Cogswell, and 10 officers; killed Colonel Baker, of California or Oregon, and took 6 pieces of artillery. Thus stood the affair at dark. Let us prove ourselves worthy of our brothers in arms on the Potomac by attacking the enemy with vigor and devotion wherever found, driv- ing them from our soil. His canse is bad, his men are hirelings, and impetuosity on our part will always carry the day. The great command should be, There is the enemy; destroy him. In addition to the above, the following telegram has been received: Our victory at Leesburg complete. Captnred nearly 600 prisoners and 1,200 stand of arms. Their killed and wounded between 1,000 and 1,200. The rout was total. This is authentic. By command of Major-General Magruder: J. M. JONES, [4.] Assistant Adjutant. General. IIDQRS. FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Genterville, Va., October 23, 1861. General J. E. JOHNSTON, Genterville, Va.: DEAR GENERAL: It is reported that all that heavy armament was intended against Magruder, who has been fighting all day before yes- terday; this might explain the plan of occupying the Valley of Virginia with Banks column strongly re-enforced to cut off our retreat in that direction in case Richmond was taken. Dont you think it would be wise and proper to make a tremendous attack on Dranesville to relieve Evans and break through all their plans, for then we might turn the tables on them. I am going to visit the country from here to Sudley Springs. Will be back about 3 p. m. Yours, truly, G. T. BEAUREGARD. [5.] RICHMOND, October 23, 1861. General BENJAMIN HUGER, Norfolk: Keep a vigilant watch on the expedition now about to move from Fort Monroe. As soon as it starts, inform us whether it is moving north or south. J. P. BENJAMIN, [4.] Acting Secretary of War. 23 U RvOL LI, PT I Page 354 354 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII ARMY OF THE PENINSULA, Yorktown, October 23, 1861. Colonel SULAKOWSKI, Ship Point: SIR: I am instructed by the major-general commanding to inform you that he has information of the embarkation of a large body of troops at Fortress Moiiroe, it is believed for York River. You will strengthen your position as much as possible, and defend it at all haz ards and under all circumstances if attacked. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. lvi. JONES, [4.J Assistant Adjutant- General. RICHMOND, October 23, 1861. General J. B. MAGRUDER, Yorktown: Your dispatches received. Our intelligence causes us to suspect very strongly that the fleet with its troops are intended for a point farther south. We are having the movements of the fleet watched, and we have reenforceinents ready to be sent you in time if the attack is made on you. We will aid you with our best efforts as soon as we are assured that you are the object of attack. J. P. BENJAMIN, [4.] Acting Secretary of War. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 187. * Richmond, October 23, 1861. * * * * * * IX. Capt. L. C. MeCords company of South Carolina Volunteers is assigned to duty with the infantry battalion of Hamptons Legion in place of the company of artillerists serving as infantry in that bat- talion. This latter company will be armed as artillery and will con- stitute a part of the artillery force of the legion. * * * * * * * By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant. General. Col. WADE HAMPTON, RICHMOND, October 23, 1861. Commanding Legion: SIR: Your letter of the 18th instant to the President has been referred to this office, with instructions to inform you that your prop- osition to attach Captain McCords company to the infantry battalion of your legion in l)lace of the company of artillerists now serving as infantry in that battalion, which latter company, to be converted into an artillery company of the legion, has been accepted. This arrange- ment will be carried into effect in conformity with the special order herewith.* This artillery company can be furnished at once with the two rifled guns imported by you. Other guns (howitzers) can be sup- plied at some future day. Yours, truly, & c., S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. * See next, ante Page 355 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 355 RICHMOND, October 23, 1861. Col. THOMAS J. JUDGE, Huntsville, Ala.: Proceed with as little delay as practicable with your regiment (the Fourteenth Alabama) to Manassas, where it will receive its armament. S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. RICHMOND, October 24, 1861. General A. R. LAWTON, Savannah, Ga.: Order immediately to Richmond all the unarmed troops that are in camps of instruction in Georgia and that have been mustered into service for the war. Urgent. J. P. BENJAMIN, 1I~~1 Acting Secretary of War. EASTYILLE, October 24, 1861. Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES, War Department, Richmond, Va.: SIR: It is reported and believed here that we are soon to be invaded by the Federal forces. You will perceive by reference to the map that our territory (the Eastern Shore of Virginia) is exceedingly exposed, and that we can have no opportunity of retreat in the event of a defeat. Our defenses are entirely inadequate to repel even a comparatively small force. Our officers are entirely inexperienced, and I believe without the confidence of the people. Under the circumstances we would be very glad to be advised by you what course to pursue. It is thought the object of the Federals in occupying our peninsula is to re establish the lights on our coast and to establish telegraphic com- munication with Philadelphia, and that a proposition will be made by them to be allowed to do this; and in the event of a refusal to enforce their plans. The feeling here seems to be a disposition to resist, but if they are in earnest in their intention they can easily bring forces against us that we can not by any possibility resist. Will you be so good as to advise what course ought to be pursued~? Please excuse this liberty in a stranger in. addressing you, and let me hear from you at your earliest convenience. I would be very much indebted to you, if you can conveniently do so, to refer this matter to President Davis. As it is out of the power of the Confederate Government to afford us any assistance in the way of force, your advice will be anxiously looked for. Very respectfully, JNO. ~. PARKER. [4.] HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, October 24, 1861. General J. G. MARTIN, Adjutant- General of Korth Carolina, Raleigh: GENERAL: I am informed by General Anderson that the muskets for the Twenty-eighth Regiment of North Carolina Volunteers have not beemi received, nor is he informed when they may be expected, and that 130 or 140 muskets are necessary to complete the arming of the Thirtiet Page 356 356 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXiIL Regiment. His letter was dated yesterday. If it be possible to expe- dite the arming of those troops it should be done with all dispatch~ as there is every indication that their services will be needed at once. I forwarded yesterday to His Excellency a telegram from the signal officer at Norfolk to the effect that the enemy were taking on board a large body of troops at Fortress Monroe bound seaward. if destined for our coast they will be off Macon or Wilmington to-day. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General. GOLDSBOROUGH, October 24, 1861. Governor CLARK, Raleigh, N. C.: Just received the following telegram from the Secretary of War: We have reason to suspect that the expedition now about to sail from Fortress Monroe is intended to land a force of about 1,500 men on your coast a few miles below Fort Macon, with the view of marching on New Berne. Keep a good lookout. Concentrate your forces so as to repel such an attack. If it is possible to forward armed troops to New Berne, please do so; also cause the arms of the Twenty.eighth Regiment to be forwarded to them at once. R. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 188. * Richmond, October 24, 1861. * * * * * * VI. Colonel Woffords Eighteenth Regiment Georgia Volunteers, and Lieutenant-Colonel Stovalls battalion Georgia Volunteers, with its light battery, will immediately proceed, under command of Col. G. W. C. Lee, to Goldsborough, N. C., and report for duty to Brigadier-General Gatlin. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [4.] Assistant Adjutant- General. J. P. BENJAMIN: NORFOLK, October 24, 1861. Signals from below inform us that the enemy embarked troops at Old Point late yesterday evening and headed seaward. The main part of the expedition are still at anchor off the fortress, viz, twenty-nine steam- ers and gun-boats and forty-one transports. JAMES F. MILLIGAN, [4.] Captain, A3ignal Officer. General T. H. HOLMES, RICHMOND, October 25, 1861. Brookes Station, Va.: If General J. E. Johnston wants your assistance he will notify you, as his command extends on the line of the Potomac from the Alleghany Mountains to the Chesapeake. S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General. [5. Page 357 OHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 357 HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, October 25, 1861. Brig. Gen. B. H. HILL, Commanding District of Pamlico, Fort Macon, N. C.: GENERAL: Your letter of this date has been received. A messenger was sent to Richmond by Colonel White with a requisition for long- range guns, & c. That requisition I approved. Lieutenant Latham came back with a few musket cartridges, I believe. He was again sent to Richmond. This morning he telegraphs that he is at Weldon with powder and shells, but the agent refuses to forward them by the mail train. I have sent him an order to do so without fail. Probably they may reach Macon to-night. I have made so many requisitions on the Ordnance Department at Richmond for guns and powder without obtaining anything that I am not disposed to do so again. An 8-inch columbiad is promised, but I do not know if Lieutenant Latham has it. I was much surprised to learn from Colonel White to-day that he had no [provisions]. It has been understood here that Fort Macon had a four-months supply for 700 men. It is really culpable in the cominis- sary to allow the fort to be put in such a strait. I have ordered sup- plies such as are here, and will forward others when received, but I would like to hear the explanation of the commissary for what really seems criminal neglect or something worse. I expect seventeen com- panies and a light battery here, but the Secretary of War forbids their being sent to the coast until we are certain where the enemy intends to attempt an attack. Other re-enforcements will be forwarded if he lands. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. SECOND DIVIsION, FIRST CORPS, No. 7. Near Centerville, October 26, 1861. I. Surg. J. S. D. Cullen, C. S. Army, is announced as medical director of this division. He will be obeyed and respected accordingly. * * * * ~* * * By command of Major-General Longstreet: G. MOXLEY SORREL, [5.] Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS AQUIA DISTRICT. Broolces Station, October 26, 1861. Maj. THOMAS G. RHETT, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Dept. of the Potomac: MAJOR: In order that the general commanding may be more particu- larly advised as to the condition of matters in this district, I have respectfully to inform you that in order to secure the services of an experienced and competent officer at Evansport I formed the three infantry regiments there into a brigade and put it under the command of Col. J. G. Walker. I did this because General Trimble is entirely unacquainted with the management and maneuvering of troops, and without such a man to advise with and execute instructions I appre- hend great confusion and want of confidence among the volunteers, who, of all troops, require a head who is palpably better informed tha Page 358 358 MD., IX N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. their own officers on all matt~rs connected with their duty. The other regiments have not been brigaded, but are acting separately, making their reports directly to myself This keeps me constantly at this post, so that Ii have not beeii able to visit the lower part of the district at all. I respectfully recommend that the troops in this district be bri- gaded as follows: First Brigade, to be commanded by General Trimble First, Second, and Third North Carolina State Troops, Twentieth and Fortieth Virginia Volunteers, stationed at or near Aquia Creek; Sec. ond Brigade, to be commanded by Col. J. G. Walker, C. S. Army First Arkansas Volunteeis, Second Tennessee, Twelfth North Carolina, Forty-seventh Virginia Volunteers, stationed at or near Evansport; Third Brigadethe Fifty-fifth Regiment Virginia Volunteers and the unattached companies of local volunteers and militia, on the Rappa- hannock, to be under the command of Col. George E. Pickett, C. S. Provisional Army. The lower Rappahannock was looked on by General Lee, when he commanded, as of primary importance, and it was with much difficulty that I dissuaded him from detaching a considerable part of my force here for its defense, he believing that Urbana was a point from whence the enemy could operate against Richmond. If the general commanding coincides in opinion with General Lee, it is impor- tant that another regiment should be sent there with instructions to erect and defend a battery at Grays Point, which would prevent a fleet from passing up the Rappahannock effectually. My own opinion is there is no danger in that quarter, and that the troops now there are sufficient to reassure the people and to prevent the absconding of slaves. The nine regiments and four light batteries that [are] near here and Evan sport are ample for the defense of the heavy batteries on the river against any force the enemy will probably send, having no other object than their destruction in view, and I have no doubt that General Whit- ings brigade, aided by them, will be abundantly able to defend the line of the Occoquan against any army that may be sent there to turn Gen- eral Beauregards right; but, in order that this should be beyond per- adventure, it would be well if the fords of that river were fortified with breast-works, & c. If, however, the general commanding thinks there is no danger there, and that General Beauregard may reqnire aid else- where, I think he may with perfect propriety order me to march with six, or even seven, regimeu~s to his assistance, and thus leave the bat- teries to be defended temporarily by two or three regimentsenough to defend them against men landing from their war vessels. In reference to the condition of my division I am much pleased to inform you that the health of the troops is steadily improving, their discipline excellent, and that they are tolerably well instructed. I think the batteries at Evansport have accomplished the object for which they were con- structed, and that the few vessels that pass them at night are unim- portant to the great interest of the enemy cut off by them. I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, TH. H. HOLMES, Major- General, Commanding District. [First indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS, Centerville, November 2, 1861. As Brigadier.General Trimble was assigned to the command of the post near DuLnfries, this proposed organization is respectfully referred to the War Department. J. E. JOHNSTON, General Page 359 CH~., LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 359 [Second indorsement.] NOvEMBER 4 1861. Respectfully submitted to Secretary of War. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. RiCHMOND, October 27, 1861. Col. GEORGE E. PICKETT, C. S. Army, Tappahannock, Va.: COLONEL: Information has beeu received which is deemed reliable that the enemy is about to make his approaches with strong force by the iRappahannock River toward Fredericksburg. You will immedi- ately call out all the force you can collect in the country, to be armed with such weapons as they can bring, to repel this invasion. General T. H. Holmes has been written to on the subject by the Secretary of War. Very respectfully, & c., S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, October 27, 1861. General S. COOPER, Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, Va.: GENERAL: I have the honor to report that Col. G. W. C. Lee, with Lieutenant-Colonel Stovalls battalion of Georgia Volunteers, with its light battery, and Colonel Woffords Eighteenth Regiment of Georgia Volunteers, have arrived at this place, the former yesterday morning, the latter late last night. They have gone itito camp, to be held in readiness to move down upon the coast should the enemy attempt to land. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. MILLEDGEVILIE, October 28, 1861. Hon. J. P. BENJAMIN: I am just informed by private source, having no official information, that you have ordered the troops at Camp Stephens and Camp McDon. ald, and probably other regiments, to Virginia. We are expecting an invasion of Georgia every day. You have nearly all Georgia army and over 20,000 of her troops in Virginia. Again, the winter is just com- mencing, and these troops are poorly supplied with clothes for cold weather. It will therefore be peculiarly hard on them to be ordered to Virginia for the winter. In the name of the State and as an act of] ustice to the troops I feel it my imperative duty to enter my solemn protest against the removal. ~5.] JOSEPH E. BROWN. RICHMOND, October 28, 1861. Governor JOSEPH E. BROWN, ]Ilfiliedgeville, Ga.: The troops ordered here are unarmed and are required for urgent service in the public defense. They cannot be armed in Georgia, bu Page 360 360 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LX~. can be armed by the general in command of the Army of the Potomac. I will have them clad here comfortably. I should fail in a solemn pub- lic duty if I neglected to re-enforce to my utmost ability our army, now confronted with greatly superior numbers and in daily expectation of attack. If your State is invaded you shall be re-enforced with armed men as fast as they can possibly be sent to you. J. P. BENJAMIN, [5.] Acting Secretary of War. BROOKES STATION, October 28, 1861. General COOPER: Dr. Van Camp, just from Washington, says the enemy, 65,000 strong, will land below Mathias Point to-night, and that sixteen regiments are opposite Evansport [with] sixty guns, light artillery. T. H. HOLMES, [5.] Major. General. NORFOLK, October 28, 1861. flon. J. P. BENJAMIN, & cretary of War: Signal just made from below. Enemy embarking troops in steamers, which are heading seaward. JAS. F. MILLIGAK, [4.] Captain and Signal Officer for General Huger. CAMP DICKERSON October 28 1861. General LEE, & c.: SIR: All my forces having arrived, I am now ready for active oper- ations. I have possession of Cotton Hill, and stop all the ferries on New River. I have cannon on the heights, commanding Montgomerys Ferry, and I can cut the road up the Kanawha, by which alone the enemy receives his supplies from the Ohio, whenever I choose. lie will then have no choice but to force my positions or retreat to the northwest. If you will now make a decided movement in advance with the army at Sewell Mountains, it is nearly certain that we will capture the whole of the Northern army, or drive it entirely from the valley. I can undertake with some degree of confidence to prevent a retreat down the Kanawha, and if you will attack him on the turnpike road, it seems to me impossible that he should escape. [5.] ~ am, sir, your obedient servant, ~. B. FLOYD. General R. C. GATLIN, RICHMOND, October 28, 1861. (loldsborough, N. C.: The fleet has just sailed from Hampton Roads. Our spies now report its destination to be Wilmington and Smithfield. I have tele- graphed to General J. It. Anderson. Have your troops ready to move to his help at a moments warning if the attack is aimed at him. J. P. BENJAMIN. [4.] Acting Secretary of War Page 361 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 361 HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborough, October 28, 1861. Brig. Gem D. H. HILL, Commanding District of Pamlico, Fort Macon, N. C.: GENERAL: I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 27th instant.* You cannot regret more than myself my inability to forward more troops to your district. I have not a soldier under my command not somewhere on the coast, save Colonel Lees command of nineteen companies now in reserve at this point with instructions from the War Department not to send them to the coast until it is ascer- tained where the enemy intend to land. I will not pretend to advise in the matter, but what think you of transferring Vances regiment with Penders battery to Shacklefords Banks? I have urged upon the Governor to send every man he can arm to the coast. As yet I have heard of no other troops than four companies of cavalry under Lieu- tenant-Colonel Robinson, who have been ordered to Washington via New Berne to report to you. Please let me know where you prefer having them sent. They may come by this place perhaps to-morrow or next day. If they do I shall direct the colonel to halt at New Berne and await your orders, unless I hear from you in regard to them. As regards Itoanoke Island, I really cannot send troops there to relieve Colonel Wrights regiment. I wrote to Colonel Shaw on the subject of the difference existing between him and Colonel W., with the hope that the course I recommended would heal the breach between them. I will forward a copy of your letter to the War Department and urge upon the Secretary the necessity of sending a couple of North Carolina regi- ments there in the place of Colonel W.s. Let me know what size gun carriages you require. Perhaps I can get them from the shops in Wilmington~ Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. GATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General, Commanding. RIcHMOND, October 29, 1861. Brig. Gen. JAMES H. CARSON, Winchester, Va.: SIR: I am instructed to inform you, in reply to your communication of the 25th instant~ that Maj. Gen. T. J. Jackson has been ordered to the command of the Valley District, extending from the Blue Ridge to the Alleghany Mountains, with full powers to act in all matters relating to the defense of that (listrict and the military operations therein. Very respectfully, & c., H. H. CHILTON, [5.j Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, Meadow Bluff, October 29, 1861. General JOHN B. FLOYD, Commanding Army of the Kanawha: GENERAL: I advised you in my letter of the 20th of the necessity of the return of the troops under General Loring to the Huntersville line, and of the withdrawal of the Wise Legion to this place. The latter * See Vol. IV, p. 693 Page 362 362 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. [CHAP. LXIII. force, with Colonel Clarkes regiment North Carolina Volunteers, are here encamped. All the sick requiring hospital treatment, belonging to the troops operating in this valley, have been sent to the hospitals. A portion of the Mississippi regiment, Colonel Russells, is encamped here, and reported by the attending physician as doing well. The sick at the Blue Sulphur are improving. Some deaths have occurred there, and the hospital is badly managed. I gave in a visit to it all necessary instructions, but the difficulty lies in the execution of orders. There is no proper person in charge. Lieutenant-Colonel Venable was absent. I shall visit the hospital at Lewisbnrg and White Sulphur to-day and proceed thence to Richmond. I have endeavored to find a better encamping ground than this at this season of the year, and one more defensible with the present force, but have not succeeded. The scar- city of water is the obstacle. There is a full supply of l)rovisions for the troops, and I have sent back the wagons to bring up all the clothing that may be at Jacksons River for the regiments here stationed. Col- onel J. Lucius Davis is in coininand of the troops, who is directed to keep you advised of occurrences. I have the honor to be, your obedient. servant, R. E LEE [5.] General, Commanding. CAMP NEAR PRESTONBURQ October 29, 18G1. General JOHN B. FLOYD: GENERAL: I am here with between 1,000 aiid 1,200 men, trying to muster an(l organize them, but we have so much scouting and picket duty to l)erform that it has been almost impossible to co:npile our muster-rolls. There are 5,000 Federal troops at Hazel Green and West Liberty under command of General Nelson. Their object I believe [is] to move up the Sandy to the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad. The force I have is badly armed and without any instruction. We have scarcely any ammunition. If the force moves up the Sandy, as I expect, I shall fight a sort of guerrilla fight, fall back, and kill as many of them as possible. Yours, truly, JOHN S. WILLIAMS, Colonel, Commanding. P. S.There is no possibility of my being mistaken as to the enemys strength. [5.] G19.30 a. m. Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR: NORFOLK, October 29 18 Thirty-six steamers and one transport steamer have gone to sea this morning and two yesterday. [4.] BENJ. HUGER. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, Goldsborongh, Oe~ober 29, iSGI. Brig. Gen. D. H. HILL, Commanding, & e., Fort ]Jliaeon: GENERAL: I have received a dispatch from the Secretary of War saying that the fleet has just sailed from Hampton Roads and that our spies say it is destined for Wilmington. The troops here will be hel Page 363 CIIAI. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 363 ready to move at a moments warning. As they may make a feint upon Macon in order to draw our troops in that direction, it is of course advisable to look sharply to this and not have the small re-enforcements under my command misdirected. Therefore, in case they appear off that fort please give me immediate notice, with your opinion as to their designs. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. C. (3-ATLIN, [4.] Brigadier- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ADJT. AND JNSP. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 196. Richmond, October 30, 1861. * * * * * * X. The following cavalry companies, viz, Captain Tayloes Alabama Volunteers and Captain Shannons South Carolina Volunteers, will pro- ceed by route march to Manassas, Va., and report to General J. E. Johnston, commanding Department of Northern Virginia. The com- panies will be prepared to move on Saturday, the 2d proximo. Captain Wilsons company Mississippi Volunteers will form part of the Missis- sippi battalion encamped near this city. By command of the Secretary of War: JNO. WITHERS, [5.] Assistant Adjutant- (lenerdi. WINCHESTER, October 30, 1861. Hon. P. M. T. HUNTER, Secretary of State: DEAR SIR: The subject upon which I address you, I am well aware, does not fall within the range of your official duties, but it is one in which. as a citizen of Virginia, you cannot fail to feel a deep in~ crest, and as I am wholly unknown to either the President or Secretary of War I am persuaded you will excuse me for bringing it to your attention, and leave it to you to present it to their consideration, if you shall deem it of sufficient importance to deserve it. The subject I allude to is the exposed condition of the border counties in this part of the State and the injurious conseqnences resulting to our cause in the withdrawal from it of the support of some of the best citizens from the apparent inability of our Government to afford them that protection which they think they have a right to demand. 1 have not overlooked the fact of the great and pressing necessity which has existed, and which I appre- hend still exists, for the presence of large bodies of troops at other points, which it is absolutely essential to the maintenance of the corn- mon cause should be successfully defended at any and every hazard. Nor would I recommend the adoption of any course which, in the judg- ment of others better qualified to form an opinion, might be thought to imperil the safety of the points alluded to; but if they can be made secure, and at the same time such a force could be spared as would afford protection to the coumities bordering on the Upper Potomac, we should thereby secure the united support of these counties to our cause, which is in danger of being lost to ns by a longer continuance of the perils of life and property to which they have already been so long exposed. The loyal people of the large and popnlous counties of Hampshire and Hardy especially have suffered severely for six months past in their persons and property from the presence within their limits of a military force of the enemy, which has subjected them not only to heavy pecuniary losses, but to great danger to themselves and thei Page 364 364 MD., E. N. C., PA., VA., EXCEPT S. W., & W. VA. ~CHAP. LXIII. families. Some of them have been seized and imprisoned, while a much larger number have been compelled to seek safety by a total abandon- ment of their homes. It would have been at any time within the - period indicated, as it is now, in the power of a body of troops, of three or four regiments at most, to liave afforded their people ample protection, and to have chastised in an exemplary manner the invaders of our soil, and most probably to have captured every one of them. if the war is to continue for another year or two, the loss to our troops of supplies (espechilly of beef) from these two counties will be severely felt. I do not think I should transcend a fair estimate of its value in saying that in fat and stock cattle and hogs alone the people of the two counties named have already sustained an aggregate loss of more than $100,000, and unless they can be relieved of the presence of the enemy before the spring it is to be feared that they will be stripped of every- thing necessary to the sustenance of their families. Romney, the county seat of Hampshire, is iiow in the possession of the enemy, who threaten to make it their winter quarters, and the people of Moorefield, the county seat of Hardy, are in dread of a like visitation. Berkeley Springs, the county seat of Morgan, was visited on Monday last, being their county court day, by a detachment of Federal troops from the neighboring town of Hancock, in Maryland, who came in upon it so suddenly that the sheriff of the county, the members of the conrt, arid a number of the most respectable citizens of the county were seized and carried as prisoners to the headquarters of these ba.ndits in Maryland. The effect of all this has been, and is being, to compel men who would be otherwise true and loyal to our cause to seek that protection from our enemies which our own Government is unable to afford them. The same thing is being done to a greater or less extent in the counties of Berkeley and Jefferson, and the apprehension of it here is not without its influence in preparing some of our own people to follow their example, and unless the evil can be arrested there is no foreseeing to what disas- trous and discreditable consequences it may lead. Some uneasiness, in which I do not participate, is felt here that Winchester is in danger from a concentration upon it of the enemys forces at ILtomney and in the neighborhood of Harpers Ferry. That it might be easily captured by such a move is undoubtedly true, as we have no force to resist them except the skeletons of two or three regiments of militia and a small force of mounted men under Colonel Ashby. My confidence in our security rests in the impracticability of their venturing so far into the interior, where they might be cut off by a detachment of our force at Manassas coming suddenly upon them. I havp beeu obliged to write very hurriedly, and perhaps have not made myself very clearly under- stood, but sufficiently so, I hope, to explain the importance of something being done, and with as little delay as possible, to give our border people an assurance that the Government has both the power and the will to give them protection. I have the honor to be, with great respect, your obedient servant, [5.] J. H. SHERRARD. General J. E. JOHNSTON, RICHMOND, October 30, 1861. Genterville, Va.: You are authorized to retain General T. J. Jackson for the present. The Secretary of War has written to you on the subject by mail. S. COOPER, [5.] Adjutant and Inspector General Page 365 CHAP. LXIII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.CONFEDERATE. 365 HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, (Joldsborough, October 30, 1861. Brig. Gen. D. H. HILL, Gommanding District of Pamlico, Fort Macon: GENERAL: I am in receipt of two letters from you, dated yesterday, but you must have omitted to inclose Commodore Lynchs, as I do not find it in the envelope. As I cannot be at New Berne to-morrow, unless called there by the presence of the fleet off Fort Macon, I beg that you will represent and act for me in any official interview you may have with the commodore in regard to combined action. In regard to Colonel Jordans regiment, it has never reported to me; is not in Beau- fort County by any other than the Governors order. If it is in the service of the Confederate States, dispose of it as you may think best. I had hoped that the cavalry would have reached New Berne by this. I have directed my adjutant-general to write you in regard to them. Dispose of them and any other troops sent to report to you as you may think best. I think I wrote that I had forwarded a copy of your letter to General Cooper. In doing so I took occasion to beg that he would lay it before the President, with the hope that he might see some way of sending speedily the required re-enfo