TITLE: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. / Series 1 - Volume 49 (Part I) AUTHOR: United States. War Dept., John Sheldon Moody, Calvin Duvall Cowles, Frederick Caryton Ainsworth, Robert N. Scott, Henry Martyn Lazelle, George Breckenridge Davis, Leslie J. Perry, Joseph William Kirkley PUBLISHER: Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1897 Page A Production Note Cornell University Library produced this volume to preserve the informational content of the deteriorated original. The best available copy of the original has been used to create this digital copy. It was scanned bitonally at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using ITU Group 4 compression. Conversion of this material to digital files was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Digital file copyright by Cornell University Library 1995. This volume has been scanned as part of The Making of America Project, a cooperative endeavor undertaken to preserve and enhance access to historical material from the nineteenth century. Page B / & t5~ $~4I ~1z9 jet I FRAGILE CIRCU LATE THE GIFT OF 2 3 f 1 Title Page Page R001 T H F WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPJLATWN OF THE OFFICIAL IRECOIIRDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF The Hon. DANIEL S. LAMONT, Secretary of War, BY MAJ. GEORGE W. DAVIS, U. S. ARMY, MR. LESLIE J. PERRY, CIVILIAN EXPERT, MR. JOSEPH W. KIRKLEY, CIVILIAN EXPERT, Board of Publication. SERIES IVOLUME XLIXIN TWO PARTS. PART JRTORTS, CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1897 Page R002 I Aic i Additions and Corrections Page A001 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF TIlE OFFICIAL IRECOIRDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO SERIES I VOLUME XLIX. (To be inserted in ~he voinme. For explanation see General Index voimne, Serial No. 130, page XXV1II.) PUBLISHED UNDER TILE DIRECTION OF The Hon. ELIHU ROOT, Secretary of War, BY BRrn. GEN. FRED C. AINSWORTI-J, CHIEF OF THE RECORD AND PENSION OFFICE, WAR DEPARTMENT, AND MR. JOSEPH W. KIRKLEY. Mr. JOHN S. MOODEY, Indexer. WA Sill N G TO N: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1902 Page A002 2 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. TEXT. PART i. Pages 2, 48. Feb. 17IS, 1865.Expedition from Whitesburg to Fearns Ferry, Tenn., for Tenn. read Ala. Page 311. Spurlings report, date line, for 2 read 7. Page 713. Erase foot-note and insert Feb. 8, 1865. See Series II, Vol. 8, p. 198. Page 970. Lee to Breckinridge, last line, for impossible read improbable. PART 2. Page 767. Cruft ~o Whipple, last communication, last sentence, for divisions read Davis. INDEX. Insert all words and figures in italics and strike out all in [brackets]. References are to parts of volume. Part. A. C. Brown, Steamer, 168, 194 I A. G. Brown, Steamer, 14 [N. G. Brown, Steamer, 14] 2 Alabama Troops (c.). InfantryRegiments: [1st Local Defense, 932] ist Mobile, 932 I Baxter, Irvin [J.] B Blackburn, Joseph C. S. [ I Blankenship, William IL, s68 [s68i] Bond, William C. [C.] 2 Breckinridge, RobertJ. (Dr.), 693 I Breckinridge, Robert J. (Colonel), [693] Brown, A. C., Steamer, s68 [Brown, N. G., Steamer, i68] Brown, A. G., Steamer, 14 [Brown, N. G., Steamer, 14] 2 Bull, W. L [J.] 2 Bnrton,James H. [Benton, Captain] 2 Chalmers, James R. Correspondence witb Lipscomb, Thomas C Colt, W. W., Steamer Cushman, Albert W. [Captain] 2 Denicke, Ernst [Ernest] A Dick, George F. Report, etc., Fearns Ferry, Ala. [Tenn.].. Fearns Ferry, Ala. [Tenn.] Fendall, James R. Y. [Lieutenant] Forrest, William H. [Bill] Fulton, G. I. [J.] Gazzam, XV. P. [J.] 2 Gibbs, George C. [Colonel (Florida)] s Gilbert, Thomas Henry [Major] i, 2 Goldthwaite, Henry [H. C.] Gurley, Davis [David] R. Hanna, W.. M. [H.] Harriet, Schooner [Steamer] 2 Heywood, Harvey S L C. Landis, Steamer, i66, 189, 195 toab Lawrence, Steamer, 179 Johnston, Harris H. [Jobnson, .], 1010.. I Jones, Samuel (General). Correspondence witb Fulton, G. I. [J.] Part. Kramer, Adam. [Correspondence witb James R. Willett, 731] Kramer, Albert. C~orresfondence with James R. Willeit, ~z., Lamar, G. B., jr 2 Lawson, Joseph, 555 [Lawson, James, 555] 2 Lipscomb, Thomas C Lockwood, R.J., Stealner r Lowell, John W. Mentioned, 247 [Lovell, John W., 247] Massenburg, Thomas L. [ ] Matchless, Schooner [Steamer] 2 Meyers [Myers], Ernest J 2 Miles, Edwin C Millsa,bs, R. JI. [Milisap, R.] Mitchel, James B. [Mitchell, J. D.] Monroe [Munroej, William W 2 Murphy, Peter C7 [N.] Myers, Datus E., 316 [319] 2 [N. G. Brown, Steamer, i6S] N W. Thomas, Steamer, iSs 1 N. TV. Thomas, Steamer, zz~, 132, 512 2 Nea,fie, Stea ier [Nephie, Tug] 2 Ohio Troops. InfantryBattalions: 1st Sharpshooters (Companies), 5th, 6th, 8th 1,2 Prisoners of War. Exchange, etc. Communications from Wilson, James H., 6oi [901] Reilly [Rielly], John D Rogers [Rodgers], John Russell, Alfred A. [R.] Sanders, William L. [ ] Shepherd, V. E. [E. V.] Shipley, Alexander N [M.] Smith, AlbertJ Strickland, S. T. [Major] Sullivan, John (4th Mich. C~av.), [7~4] Snllivan,John (3d Ohio Batty.), 791 Tallahatchie, U. S. S., ss8 Thomas, George H. Correspondence with Rogers [Rodgers], John 2 2 2 2. Page A003 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Part. Thomas, Samuel B. [Sam.] Thome [Thorne]. William H 2 Thompson, William, Capt. (C.). Mentioned, [76] Thompson, William (ist Iowa Gay.), 76 Fin-clad, No. 46. See Cf S. S. Tallahatchie, [228] Truss, Thomas K. [Captain] 2 War Department, C. S. Correspondence with Shepherd, V. F. LE. V.] Whiteshnrg, Ala. [Tenn.]. Expedition, etc. See Fearns Ferry, Ala. [Tenn.] Part. Willett, James R. Correspondence with Kramer, Albert [Adam] Wilson, Robert H., 507; Wilson, Robert W., [507] Wilson, WalterM. [Joseph F.] Winston, Louis [Captain] Vager, William 0. [Colonel] Ziegler, Jacob (Pa. Lt. Art.), [1046] Ziegler,Jacob (so/h Tex. Cay.), soi6 Page A004 Page R003 PREFACE. The work of preparing the records of the war for public use was begun under the resolution of Congress of May 19, 1864, by Adjt. Gen. E. ID. Townsend, U. S. Army, who caused copies to be made of reports of battles on file in his office and steps to be taken to collect missing records. Under the provisions of joint resolution No. 91, of 1866, Hon. Peter H. Watson was appointed to supervise the preparation and formulate a plan for the publication of the records, but he did no work and drew no pay under this appointment, which expired July 27, 1868, by limi. tation of the resolution. This resolution also repealed the former one and work ceased. The first decisive step taken in this work was the act of June 23, 1874, providing the necessary means to enable the Secretary of War to begin the publication of the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, both of the Union and Confederate Armies, and directing him to have copied for the Public Printer all reports, letters, tele- grams, and general orders, not heretofore copied or printed, and prop- erly arranged in chronological order. Appropriations have been made from time to time for continuing such preparation. Under this act the preliminary work was resumed by General Townsend, who first out- lined the plan on which the records are printed, though it appears that originally he contemplated publishing to the world only the more important military reports. Subsequently, under meager appropriations, it was prosecuted in a somewhat desultory manner by various subordinates of the War IDe- partinent until December 14, 1877, when the Secretary of War, per- ceiving that the undertaking needed the undivided attention of a single head, detailed Lent. Col. Robert N. Scott, U. S. Army, to take charge of the bureau and devote himself exclusively to the work. The act of June 23, 1874, greatly enlarged upon the first crude scheme of publication. On this more comprehensive basis it was de- termined that the volumes should include not only the batth~ reports, but also all official documents that can be obtained by the compiler, and that appear to be of any historical value. Colonel Scott system- I Page R004 Iv PREFACE. atized the work and the plan and presented the records in the following order of arrangement, which has been adhered to by his successors: The first series will embrace the formal reports, both Union and Confederate, of the first seizures of United States property in the Southern States, and of all mil- itary operations in the field, with the correspondence, orders, and returns relating specially thereto, and, as proposed, is to be accompanied by an Atlas. In this series the reports will be arranged according to the campaigns and sev- eral theaters of operations (in the chronological order of the events), and the Union reports of any event will, as a rule, be immediately followed by the Confederate accounts. The correspondence, etc., not embraced in the reports proper will follow (first Union and next Confederate) in chronological order. The second series will contain the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns, Union and Confederate, relating to prisoners of war, and (so far as the military authorities were concerned) to State or political prisoners. The third series will contain the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns of the Union authorities (embracing their correspondence with the Confederate offi- cials) not relating specially to the subjects of the first and second series. It will set forth the annual and special reports of the Secretary of War, of the General- in-Chief, and of the chiefs of the several staff corps and departments; the calls for troops, and the correspondence between the National and the several State authorities. The fourth series will exhibit the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns of the Confederate authorities, similar to that indicated for the Union officials, as of the third series, but excluding the correspondence between the Union and Confederate authorities given in that series. The first volume of the records was issued in the early fall of 1880. The act approved June 16, 1880, provided for the printing and bind- ing, under direction of the Secretary of War, of 10,000 copies of a com- pilation of the Official Records (Union and Confederate) of the War of the Rebellion, so far as the same may be ready for publication, during the fiscal year; and that of said number 7,000 copies shall be for the use of the House of Representatives, 2,000 copies for the use of the Senate, and 1,000 copies for the use of the Executive Departments.~~ Under this act Colonel Scott proceeded to publish the first five volumes of the records.* *AlI subsequent volumes have been distributed under the act approved August 7, 1882, which provides that: The volumes of the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion shall be dis- tributed as follows: One thousand copies to the Executive Departments, as now provided by law. One thousand copies for distribution by the Secretary of War among officers of the Army and contributors to the work. Eight thousand three hundred copies shall be sent by the Secretary of War to such libraries, organiza~ tions, and individuals as may be designated by the Senators, Representatives, and Delegates of the Forty-seventh Congress. Each Senator shall designate not exceed- ing twenty-six, and each Representative and Delegate not exceeding twenty-one, of such addresses, and the volumes shall be sent thereto from time to time as they are published, until the publication is completed. Senators, Representatives, and Dele- gates shall inform the Secretary of War in each case how many volumes of thos8 heretofore published they have forwarded to such addresses. The remaining copies of the eleven thousand to be published, and all sets that may not be ordered to be distributed as provided herein, shall be sold by the Secretary of War for cost of publication with ten per cent. added thereto, and the proceeds of such sale shall b Page R005 PREFACE. Col. Robert N. Scott died March 5, 1887, before the completion of the work, which, during a ten years service, he had come to love so dearly. At his death some twenty-six books only had been issued, but he had compiled a large amount of matter for forthcoming volumes; conse- quently his name as compiler was retained in all the books up to and including Vol. XXXVI, although his successors had added largely to his compilations from new material found after his demise. The Secretary of N7ar, Nay 7,1887, assigned Lient. Col. H. M. Lazelle, U. S. Army, to duty as the successor of Colonel Scott. He had con- tinued in charge about two years, when, in the act approved March 2, 1889, it was provided That hereafter the preparation and publication of said records shall be conducted, under the Secretary of War, by a board of three persons, one of whom shall be an officer of the Army, and two civilian experts, to be appointed by the Secretary of War, the compensation of said civilian experts to be fixed by the Secretary of War. The Secretary of War appointed Maj. George B. Davis, judge-advo- cate, U. S. Army, as the military member, and Leslie J. Perry, of Kan- sas, and Joseph W. Kirkley, of Maryland, as the civilian expert mem- bers of said board. The board assumed direction of the publication at the commencement of the fiscal year 1889, its first work beginning with Serial No. 36 of Vol. XXIV. July 1, 1895, by direction of the Secretary of War, Maj. George W. Davis, Eleventh infantry, U. S. Army, relieved Maj. George B. Davis, U. S. Army, as the military member and president of the Board of Publication. Each volume includes a copious and accurate index, and for the fur- ther convenience of investigators there will be, in addition, a general index to the entire set when complete, in a volume by itself. Nothing is printed in these volumes except duly authenticated con- temporaneous records of the war. The scope of the boards work is to decide upon and arrange the matter to be published; to correct and verify the orthography of the papers used, and occasionally to add a foot-note of explanation. GEG. W. DAVIS, Major 11th Infty., U. S. A., LESLIE J. PERRY, Givilian Expert, JOSEPH W. KIRKLEY, Givilian, Expert, Board of Publication. Approved: DANIEL S. LAMONT, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., March 26, 1896. covered into the Treasnry. If two or more sets of said volumes are ordered to the same address, the Secretary of War shall inform the Senators, Representatives, or Delegates who have designated the same, who therenpon may designate other libraries, organizations, or individnals. The Secretary of War shall report to the first session of the Forty-eighth Congress what volumes of the series heretofore published have not been furnished to such libraries, organizations, and individuals. He shall also inform distributees at whose instance the volumes are sent Page R006 Table of Contents Page R007 CONTENTS. CHAPTER LXI. Page. Operations in Kentncky, Southwestern Virginia, Tennessee, Northern and Central Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, and West Florida. January 1 June 30, 1865 11062 V Page R008 Special Index Page R009 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME I. CHAPTER I Page. Operations in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. December 20, 1860April 14, 1861 1317 CHAPTER II. The secession of Georgia. Jannary 3-26, 1861 318325 CHAPTER III. TbesecessionofAlabamaand Mississippi. January 420, 1861 326330 CHAPTER IV. Operationsin Florida. January 6-August 31, 1861 331473 CHAPTER V. Page. The secession of North Carolina. Janu ary 9May 20, 1861 474-488 CHAPTER VI. The secession of Louisiana. January 10 February 19, 1861 489501 CHAPTER VII. Operations in Texas and New Mexico. February 1June 11, 1861 502636 CHAPTER VIII. Operations in Arkansts, the Indian Terri- tory, and Missouri. February7May 9, 1861 637691 VOLUME II. CHAPTER IX. Page. Operations in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. April 16July 31, 1861. 1-1012 VOLUME III. CHAPTER X. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. May 10November 19, 1861. 1749 VOLUME IV. CHAPTER XI. Page. CHAPTER XIII. Page. Operations in Texas, New Mexico, and Operations in North Carolina and South- Arizona. June 11,1861-February 1,1802. 1174 eastern Virginia. August 1, 1861Jaun. CHAPTER XII. ary~l1, 1862 166721 Operations in Kentucky and Tennessee. Jnly 1November 19, 1861 175565 VOLUME V. CHAPTER XIV. Page. Operations in Maryland, Northern Virginia, and West Virginia. August 1,1861March 17, 1862. 11106 VOLUME VI. CHAPTER XV. Operations on the coasts of South Caro- lina, Georgia, and Middle and East Florida. August 21,1861April 11,1862. Page. CHAPTER XVI. Page. Operations in West Florida, Southern Al- abama, Southern Mississippi, and Lou 1435 isiana. September 1, 1861May 12, 1862. 436894 VOLUME VII. CHAPTER XVII. Page. Operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. November 19, 1861-March 4, 1862 1946 I Page R010 X CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES~ VOLUME VIII. CHAPTER XVIII. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. Nov. 19, 1861April 10, 1862.. 1834 VOLUME IX. CHAPTER XIX. Page. CHAPTER XXI. Page. Operations in Southeastern Virginia. Jan. Operations in Texas, New Mexico, and nary 11March 17, 1862 171 Arizona. February 1September 20, CHAPTER XX 1862 481-736 Operations in North Carolina. January 11August 20, 1862 72480 VOLUME XIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXII. Operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, North Mississippi. North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. March 4Jane 10, 1862. Page. Par$ IReports 1-927 Part lICorrespondence, etc 1642 VOLUME XIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXHl. The Peninsular Campaign, Virginia. March 17September 2, 1862. Page. Part 1Reports, March 17June 24 11077 Part 11Reports, June 25-Septembar 2 1-994 Part IllCorrespondence, etc 1-691 VOLUME XIIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXIV. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. March 17-September 2,1862. Page. Part IReports, March 17-June 25 1-818 Part lIReports, June 26September 2., 1820 Part 111Correspondence, etc 1-966 VOLUME XIII. CHAPTER XXV. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, the Indian Territory, and the Department of the Northwest. April 10.-November 20, 1862 1981 VOLUME XIV. CHAPTER XXVI. Page. Operations on the coasts of South Carolina, Georgia, and Middle and East Florida. April 12, 1862June 11, 1863 11025 VOLUME XV. CHAPTER XXVII. Page. Operations in WestFlorida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi (embracing all operations against Vicksbnrg, May 18-July 27, 1862), and Louisiana, May 12, 1862-May 14, 1863; and operations in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. September 20, 1862May 14, 1863 1113 Page R011 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME XVIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXVIII. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. June 10October 31, 1862. Page. Part IReports 1-1168 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 11017 VOLUME XVIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXIX. Operations in West Tennessee and Northern Mississippi. June 10, 1862January 20, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1807 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1-916 VOLUME XVIII. CHAPTER XXX. Page. Operations in North Carolina and Southeastern Virginia. August 20, 1862June 3, 1863 1-1104 VOLUME XIXIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXI. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. September 3-Novem- ber 14, 1862. Page. Part IReports, September 3-20 1-1108 Part IlReports, September 20-November 14; Correspondence, etc., September 3-Novem ber14 1-739 VOLUME XXIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXII. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. No. vember], 1862January 20 1861. Page. Part IReports 1-997 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1516 VOLUME XXI. CHAPTER XXXIII. Page. Operations in Northern Virginia. West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. November 15, 1862January 25, 1863 11152 VOLUME XXIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXIV. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, the Indian Territory, and the Department of the North west. November 20. 1862December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-926 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 11163 X Page R012 XII CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME XXIIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXV. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. Jan uary 21August 10, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-858 Part lICorrespondence, etO - -. 1-986 VOLUME XXIVIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVI. Operations in Mississippi and West Tenuessee, including those in Arkansas and Louisiana connected with the Siege of Vicksburg. January 20August 10, 1863. Page. Part IReports. January 20-May 15, including the General Reports for whole period. January 20-August 10 1-787 Part IlReports, May 16-August 10 1699 Part IllCorrespondence. etc 1-1070 VOLUME XXVIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVII. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsyliania. January 26-June 3, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-1123 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1-862 VOLUME XXVIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVIII. Operations in West Florida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, and New Mexico. May 14-December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports, Union Correspondence, etc 1-920 Part IlConfederate Correspondence, etc 1-581 VOLUME XXVIIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXXIX. Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Department of the East. June 3-August 3,1863. Pane. Part IReports 11059 Part IlReports 11005 Part IllCorrespondence, etc 1-.1092 VOLUME XXVIIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XL. Operations on the coasts of South Carolina and Georgia, and in Middle and East Florida. June 12 December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-755 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1609 VOLUME XXIXIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XLI. Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4De. cember 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 11018 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 193 Page R013 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. XIII VOLUME XXXIN FOUR PARTS. CHAPTER XLII. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. August 11October 19, 1863. Page. Part IReports 11071 Part IlReports 1-821 Part IllUnion Correspondence, etc 11017 Part IVUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1768 VOLUME XXXIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XLIII. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. October 20December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports and Union Correspondence 1-852 Part lIReports 1-782 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-893 VOLUME XXXIIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XLIV. Operation8 in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and Norti Georgia. January 1April 30, 1864. Page. Part IReports 1-703 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-833 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-879 VOLUME XXXIII. CHAPTER XLV. Page. Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Jan. nary 1April 30, 1864 11335 VOLUME XXXIVIN FOUR PARTS. CHAPTER XLVI. Operations in Louisiana and the Trans-Mississippi States and Territories. January 1June 30, 1864. Page. Part IReports 11058 Part lIUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 11107 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-835 Part IVUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1701 VOLUME XXX~IN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XLVII. Operations in South Carolina and Florida, and on the Georgia Coast. January 1November 13, 1864. Page. Part IReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1646 Part lIUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 165 Page R014 XIV CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME XXXVJIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XLVIII. Operations in Southeastern Virginia and North Carolina. May 1-June 12, 1864. ?age~ Part IReports 1-1101 Part IlReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-1027 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-903 VOLUME XXXVIJIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XLIX. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. May 1-August 1, 1864. Page. Part IReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1770 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-606 VOLUME XXXVIIJJN FIVE PARTS. CHAPTER L. The Atlanta, Ga., Campaign. May 1-September 8, 1864. Page. Part IReports 1-916 Part lIReports 1-930 Part illReports 1-1008 Part lyUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1807 Part VUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc - 11031 VOLUME XXXJXIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER LI. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and North Georgia (the Atlanta Campaign excepted). May 1Novemher 13, 1861. Page. Part IReports 1908 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-889 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence etc 1918 VOLUME XLJN ThREE PARTS. CHAPTER LII. Operations in Southeastern Virginia and North Carolina. June 13-July 11, 1864. Page~ Part IReports 1823 Part lI-Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-717 Part 111-Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1823 VOLUME XLIIN FOUR PARTS. CHAPTER LIII. Operations in Louisiana and the Trans-Mississippi States and Territories. July 1December 31, 1864. Page. Part IReports 1-1006 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 11099 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence. etc 11015 Part IVUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1114 Page R015 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. XV VOLUME XLIIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER LIV. Operations in Southeastern Virginia and North Carolina. August 1-December 31, 1864. Page. Part IReports 1-1029 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-1311 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-1370 VOLUME XLIIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER LV. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Viiginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4-December 31, 1864. Page. Part I Reports, Union and Confederate Correspondence. etc 1.1032 Part lIUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1951 VOLUME XLIV. CHAPTER LVI. Page. Operations in South Carolina, Georgia. and Florida. November 14-December 31, 1864 1-1013 VOLUME XLVIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER LVII. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi. Alabama, and North Georgia, November 14, 3864-January 23. 1865. Page. Part IReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-1262 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence. etc 1-806 VOLUME XLVIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER LVIII. Operations in Northern and Southeastern Virginia, North Carolina (January 1-31), West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvauia. January 1-June 30, 1865. Page. Part IReports 1-1326 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-1318 Part 111Union and Confederate Correspondence 1-1396 VOLUME XLVIIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER LIX. Operations in North Carolina (from February 1), South Carolina, Southern Georgia, and East Florida. January 1-June 30, 1865. Page. Part IReports 1-1135 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-1462 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-874 VOLUME XLVJIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER LX. Operations in Louisiana and the TransMississippi States and Territories. January 1June 30, 1865. Page. Part IReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence 11459 Part lIUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-132 Page R016 4 0 1 a 0 P3 Sunday. ~ ~ Monday. ~ ts~ ~ Wednesday. ts~ ~ Thursday. ~ Friday. ~ ~ Saturday. 0 CD 4 0 0 0 0 0 ~ ~ -~o~ ~ Sunday. Monday. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Tuesday. ~ ~ ~ ~ Wednesday. Thursday. Qc~~-1 ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~o~~-1 Friday. Saturday. 0 ~ -1 0 C~ O~ cr Page 1 CHAPTEIR Lxi. OPERATIONS IN KENTUCKY, SOUTHWESTERN VIR GINIA, TENNESSEE, NORTHERN AND CENTRAL GEORGIA, MISSISSIPPI, ALABAMA, AND WEST FLORIDA.* January 1June 30, 1865. PART I. SUMMAXRY OF TIIZE PRIiNCIpAXL EVENTS.t Jan. 9Feb. 15, 1865.Scouts about Mount Sterling, Ky. 16Feb. 20, l865.Scouts about Franklin, Tenn. 23, 1865.Lieut. Gen. Richard Taylor, C. S. Army, assumes command of the Army of Tennessee, yice Hood, relieved. 2327, 1865.Scout from Cumberland Gap, Teun. 24, 1865.Maj. Gen. Nathan B. Forrest, C. S. Army, assumes command of the District of Mississippi, East Louisiana, and West Tennessee. 25, 1865.Skirmish near Simpsonville, Shelby County, Ky. Expedition from Irish Bottom to Evans Island, Tenu. 26, 1865.Skirmish at Paint Rock, Ala. 27, 1865.Skirmish at Elrods Tan-yard, De Kaib County, Ala. Maj. Gen. Nathan B. Forrest, C. S. Army, assigned to command the District of Mississippi and East Louisiana. 28, 1865.Attack on U. S. steamer Octorara, Mobile Bay, Ala. Action at Athens, Teun. 2831, 1865.Expedition from Strawberry Plains to Clinch Mountain, Tenn., with skirmish. 29, 1865.Affair at Danville, Ky. Skirmish near Harrodsburg, Ky. 30, 1865.Skirmish near Chaplintown, Ky. 31Apr. 24, lS6S.Operations in North Alabama and East Tennessee. Feb. 1, 1865.Skirmish in McLemores Cove, Tenn. * For reports of operations in Kentucky, Southwestern Virginia, Tennessee, Mis-. sissippi, Northern Alabama, and Northern Georgia from January 1 to 23, 1865, see Vol. XLV, Part I. tOf some of the minor conflicts noted in this Summary nc circumstantial reports are on file. (1) Ii. R RVOL XLIX, PT Page 2 2 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Feb. 3,1865.The Detachment Army of the Tennessee, commanded by Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith, U. S. Army, ordered from the Department of the Cumberland to the Military Division of West Mississippi. The Seventh Division, Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Mississippi, ordered from Department of the Cumberland to the Military Division of West Mississippi. The District of North Mississippi and West Tennessee formed, and Brig. Gen. Marcus J. Wright, C. S. Army, assigned to its command. The District of South Mississippi and East Louisiana formed, and Brig. Gen. Wirt Adams, C. S. Army, assigned to its command. 3-4, 1865.Skirmish at Ladds House, Hog Jaw Valley, Ala. 5, 1865.Skirmish near McMinnville, Tenn. 6, 1865.Affair at Corns Farm, Franklin County, Tenn. 7, 1865.Scout on the Hernando Road, Teun. 89, 1865.Affair at New Market (8th), skirmish at Bradfordsville (8th), and skirmish at Hustonville (9th), Ky. 9, 1865.Skirmish near Memphis, Tenn. Brig. Gen. Elias S. Dennis, U. S. Army, assumes command of the District of South Alabama. 10, 1865.Affair near Triune, Tenn. Skirmish in Johnsons Crook, Ga. The Department of the Cumberland declared to consist of the State of Tennessee and such parts of Northern Georgia, Ala- bama, and Mississippi as may be occupied by troops under the command of Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, U. S. Army. The Department of Kentucky (consisting of the State of Ken- tucky) created, and Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer, U. S. Ar my, assigned to its command. The Department of Mississippi declared to embrace so much of the State of Mississippi as was occupied by the troops of the Military Division of West Mississippi on the river. 12, 1865.Skirmish at Waterloo, Ala. 13, 1865.Action at Station Four, Fla. 14, 1865.Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, assigned to command the - District of East Tennessee. 15, 1865.Brig. Gen. Alexander Asboth, U. S. Army, assumes command of the District of West Florida, vice Brig. Gen. Thomas J. MeKean, relieved. 1516, 1865.Scout from Nashville, on the Nolensville Pike, Tenn. 16, 1865.Skirmish near Gurleys Tank, Ala. Skirmish near Cedar Keys, Fla. Attacks upon the garrisons of Athens and Sweet Water, Tenn. 1718, 1865.Expedition from Eastport to Juka, Miss. ExpeQ~~ion from Whitesburg to Fearns Ferry, Tenn. 18, 1865.Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer, U. S. Army, assumes command of the Department of Kentucky. Attack on Fort Jones, near Colesbnrg, Ky. 19, 1865 ~xpedition from Barrancas to Milton, Fla. 1923, 1865.Expedition from Eastport, Miss., to Russellville, Ala., with skir- mishes (20th) near Tuscumbia, Ala. 20, 1865.Attack on Fort Myers, Fla. 2024, 1865.Expedition from Nashville to Pine Wood, Tenn. Expedition to Greeneville and Warrensburg, Tenn., with skir- mishes (21st and 22d) near Greeneville Page 3 SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL EVENTS. 3 Feb. 21, 1865.Brig. Gen. William P. Benton, U. S. Army, assumes temporary command of U.S. forces at Mobile, Ala. Brig. Gen. Elias S. Dennis, U. S. Army, assumes command of U. S. forces on Dauphin Island, Ala. 21Mar. 7, 1865.Operations in the vicinity of Saint Marks, Fla. 2225, 1865.Expedition from Barrancas to Milton, Fla., and skirmishes. Bvt. Maj. Gen. Stephen G. Burbridge, U. S. Army, relieved from command of the District of Kentucky. 25, 1865.Skirmish at Piketon, Ky. Maj. Gen. Frederick Steele,U.S. Army, assigned to command of the troops operating from Pensacola Bay, Fla. Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger, U. S. Army, assumes command of the Thirteenth Army Corps. Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch, U. S. Army, assumes command of the U. S. forces on Dauphin Island, Ala. 27, 1865.Skirmish at Spring Place, Ga. 28, 1865.Maj. Gen. Cadwallader C. Washburn, U. S. Army, assigned to command the District of West Tennessee (reorganized). Maj. Gen. Lovell H. Rousseau, U. S. Army, assigned to command the District of Middle Tennessee (reorganized). Maj. Gen. James B. Steedman, U. S. Army, assigned to command the District of the Etowah (reorganized). Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, assigned to command the District of East Tennessee (reorganized). Mar. 1, 1865.Skirmish near Philadelphia, Tenn. Skirmish at Holly Creek, Ga. 16, 1865.Expedition from Gravelly Springs to Florence, Ala. 2~, 1865.Operations about Athens, Tenn. 3, 1865.Skirmish near Tunnel Hill, Ga. Skirmish at Decatur, Ala. 35, 1865.Reconnaissance from Cumberland Gap, Tenn., toward Jonesyille, Va., with skirmishes (4th) at Balls Bridge, Va., and (5th) at Tazewell, Tenn. 311, 1865.Expedition from Memphis, Tenn., into Northern Mississippi. 7, 1865.Skirmish at Elyton, Ala. 8, 1865.Skirmish in Jackson County, Teun. 9, 1865.Skirmish at Howards Mills, Ky. Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, assumes command of the District of East Tennessee. 10, 1865.Skirmish near Boyds Station, Ala. 1214, 1865.Expedition from Vicksburg, Miss., to Grand Gulf and vicinity. 13, 1865.Affair near Dalton, Ga. 14, 1865.Skirmish near Dalton, Ga. 1518, 1865.Skirmishes at Boyds Station and Stevensons Gap, Ala. 17May 4, 1865.The Mobile (Ala.) Campaign. 18, 1865.Skirmish at Livingston, Tenn. 19, 1865.Skirmish at Celina, Tenn. 20, 1865.Skirmish at Riuggold, Ga. 21Apr.25, 1865.Expedition from East Tennessee into Southwestern Vir- ginia and Western North Carolina. 22, 1865.Brig. Gen. Edward Hatch, U. S. Ar my, assumes command of all troops of the Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Missis- sippi, remaining at Eastport, Miss. Skirmish at Celina, Tenn. 22Apr. 24, 1865.Wilsons Raid from Chickasaw to Selma, Ala., and Macon, Ga Page 4 4 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Mar. 25, 1865.Skirmish at Brawley Forks, Tenn. Skirmish near Glasgow, Ky. 26, 1865.Skirmish in Bath County, Ky. 28, 1865.Skirmish at Germantown, Teun. 29, 1865.Skirmish at Blackwater River, Ky. 31, 1865.Skirmish at Magnolia, Tenn. Apr. 1, 1865.Skirmish at White Oak Creek, Tenn. 1-4, 1865.Expedition from Dalton to Spring Place and the Coosawattee River, Ga., with skirmishes. 3, 1865.Skirmish at Mount Pleasant, Teun. 34, 1865.Scout from Huntsville to near Vienna, Ala. 57, 1865.Scout from Huntsville to New Market, Maysville, etc., Ala. 13, 1865.Maj. Gen. Frederick Steele, U. S. Army, assigned to command all the troops and posts on the east side of Mobile Bay, with the exception of the troops belonging to the Sixteenth Army Corps. 1316, 1865.Scouts about Lexington, Ky. 14, 1865.Skirmish at Monnt Pleasant, Tenn. 18, 1865.Skirmish near Germantown, Tenn. Skirmish near Taylorsville, Ky. 22, 1865.Skirmish at Buzzard Roost, Ga. 23-26, 1865.Scout from Pulaski, Tenn., to Rogersville, Ala. 27, 1865.Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch, U. S. Army, assigned to command the Post and District of Mobile. 29, 1865.Skirmish in Lyon County, Ky. May 1, 1865.Maj. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren, U. S. Army, ordered to relieve Maj. Gen. Napoleon J. T. Dana, U. S. Army, in command of the Department of Mississippi. 2, 1865.Bvt. Maj. Gen. John E. Smith, U. S. Army, assigned to command the District of West Tennessee, vice Burbridge, relieved. 110, 1865.Pursuit and capture of Jefferson Davis. 3-6, 1865.Expedition from Rodney to Port Gibson, Miss., with skirmishes. 5, 1865.Skirmish at Summerville, Ga. 513, 1865.Expedition from Pulaski, Tenn., to New Market, Ala. 17, 1865.The State of Mississippi added to the Department of the Gulf. 25, 1865.Explosion of ordnance depot at Mobile, Ala. 29, 1565.Bvt. Maj. Gen. John E. Smith, U. S. Army, assumes command of the District of West Tennessee. 30, 1865.The Fourth Army Corps ordered from Department of the Cumber- land to the Military Division of the Southwest. 31June 6, 1865.Expedition from Barrancas to Apalachicola, Fla. June 5, 1865.The veteran portion of Fourth Army Corps ordered to proceed from the Department of the Cumberland to New Orleans, La. 9, 1865.Explosion of ordnance building at Chattanooga, Tenn. 20, 1865.Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, U. S. Army, assumes command of the Military Division of the Tennessee. 27, 1865.Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas assigned to the command of the Military Division of the Tennessee; Maj. Gen. Edward 0. C. Ord, to the Department of the Ohio; Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, to the Department of Tennessee; Maj. Gen. JohnM. Palmer, to the Department of Kentucky; Maj. Gen. James B. Steedman, to the Department of Georgia, and Maj. Gen. Charles R. Woods, to the Department of Alabama Page 5 SCOUTS ABOUT MOUNT STERLING, KY. 5 JANUARY 9FEBRUARY 15, 1865.Scouts about Mount Sterling, Ky. REPORTS. No. 1.Col. Simeon B. Brown, Eleventh Michigan Cavalry. No. 2.Lient. Col. Charles E. Smith, Eleventh Michigan Cavalry. No. 1. Reports of Col. ~Simeon B. Brown, Eleventh Michigan Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS ELEVENTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY, Mount Sterling, Ky., February 15, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this regiment since being camped at this place: We arrived here on the 9th of January dismounted and almost with- out arms. On the 14th, the men being partially armed, Major West, with 100 dismounted men, was sent out to Flat Rock to scout the coun- try in that vicinity. January 20, one dismounted company was sent to encamp at the fort, and has been there ever since. January 24, we received 150 horses. Next morning, the 25th, Major Buck, with two companies, was sent to Flemingsburg, in accordance with orders received. January 28, 200 more horses were issued to the command. Friday morning, February 3, Lieutenant-Colonel Smith was sent out with four companies, and was gone three days. He returned early Sun- day night with some horses, & c., which were captured from guerrillas. Early Monday morning seven companies were sent out under Lieuten- ant-Colonel Smith. They were gone two days and captured four men dressed in rebel uniform, mounted and armed. They returned Febru- ary 7. On the 9th Major George was sent with three companies tt Owingsville and vicinity, Company D to Stanton and vicinity, Com- panies B and II to SharpsbQrg and Flat Rock, and another detachment to Camargo, leaving in camp only two dismounted and one mounted company, the latter for picket duty. All mounted companies having returned on the night of the 11th, on the morning of the 12th Company A was sent to Owingsville with twenty days rations, Company B to Jeffersonville with twenty days rations, Company C to Stanton with ten days rations, Company D to Flat Rock with ten days rations, Com- pany II to Oil Springs with ten days rations, Company K to Carlisle with ten days rations. The above in accordance with orders received. We arrived here with old tents,, the same we received in Michigan when the regiment was organized in 1863. The men when camping piled the earth around the bottom of the tents to keep out the cold. This earth has frozen, and to-day has been the first day since receiv- ing the order to move that the tents could be taken up without ren- dering them completely useless. The troops of this command have not been communicative with the citizens hereabouts, and scouts sent out leave camp either at night or very early in the morning purposely to avoid the notice of the citizens, who do not hesitate to publish every move that is made. I am, captain, most respectfully, your obedient servant, S. B. BROWN, Colonel Eleventh Michigan Cavalry, Commanding. Capt. J. S. BUTLER, Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Div., Military District of Kentucky. P. S.The commands sent out were divided into small parties, which scoured the country thoroughly. The companies now absent are not encamped at places mentioned, but merely make that their headquar- ters to get rations. They are constantly employed scouting the country Page 6 6 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. IIDQRS. ELEVENTH MICHIGAN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, Mount 8terling, Ky., February 15, 1865. CAPTAiN: I have the honor most respectfully to submit the following report of operations of this command: The order received per telegraph ordering one company of Major Bucks command to Flemingsburg and the other to ililisborough was forwarded per courier. Also instructions to detachment at Flat Rock. Lieatenant Palmer, commanding Company K, at Carlisle, informs me that on the 12th he heard of the detachment of guerrillas reported near Paris, and he started in pursuit of them the 13th. These rebels are commanded by a Major Camron, and it is believed that he is recruit- ing for the rebel army. Captain Edwards, commanding Company D, at Flat Rock, reports yesterday that he had information that Jessee with about sixty men was within ten miles of him. Both companies are at work. Captain Gilluly reports from Owingsville to-day that everything is quiet in that vicinity. Scouts to Mud Lick Springs and other points in that neighborhood report no guerrillas about. Captain Miles, at Stanton, and Lieutenant Decker, at Oil Springs, report every- thing quiet, as does also Captain Simpson, at Jeffersonville. There are three squadrons and a portion of a fourth of this regiment that have no horses, although every endeavor has been made to obtain them. We have but about forty rounds of ammunition for the carbines. Requisi- tion has been made for more, but none can be obtained. It is abso- lutely necessary that we have more horses and ammunition at once to enable us to execute orders that have been received. I am, captain, respectfully, your obedient servant, S. B. BROWN, Colonel Eleventh Michigan Cavalry, Commanding. Capt. J. S. BUTLER, Assistant Adjutant- General, Lexington, Ky. No. 2. Report of Lieut. Col. Charles B. AS~mith, Eleventh Michigan Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS ELEVENTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY, Mount i3terling, February 5, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that on the morning of the 3d instant I moved from this point with four companies, 135 men, scout- ing the country to Sharpsburg, Jackstown, and Flat Rock, reaching latter place at 3 a. m. of 4th instant; from thence back to Sharps- burg. At this place I sent two companies under Captain Solean, of Company E, to picket road eight miles north of Sharpsburg. I with two companies picketed the road between Sharpsburg and Mount Sterling, putting out the pickets after dark. Up to this time we had met with nothing, but had gained a knowledge of the country and of the usual manner of the operations of the thieving parties who infest this neighborhood. About 10 oclock at night a party of nine mounted men in citizens dress, armed with revolvers, and each with a led horse, passed within our pickets, who drove them onto our main body, who received them with a heavy lire. Three of the men escaped mounted; the rest, dismounting, took to the woods, and we lost them, it being quite dark. However, we followed their trail half a mile and wounded 1, who fell twice, but escaped. We killed 2 of their horses and cap Page 7 SCOUTS ABOUT FRANKLIN, TENN. 7 tured 6; also a revolver, some wearing apparel (new); also some boots evidently lately taken from some store, they never having been worn. One of the saddles was recognized by Captain Simpson as being one that he had abandoned while returning from Saltville, it having on it his company mark. Captain Solean returned with his command, having seen nothing. List of articles captnred: Six horses; 1 Colt revolver; 3 saddles and bridles; 2 large saddle-bags (1 new); coat and pantaloons (new); 2 pairs boots (new); 2 horses killed. Very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, CHARLES E. SMITH, Lieutenant- Colonel Eleventh Michigan Cavalry, Com~dg. Scout. Col. S. B. BROWN, Eleventh Michigan Cavalry, Commanding Regiment. JANUARY 16FEBRUARY 20, 1866.Scouts about Franklin, Tenn. Reports of Lieut. Col. Alvin Matzdorff, Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Franklin, Teun., February 11, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit to you herewith the report of two sconting expeditions ordered by me to clear the neighborhood of the bushwhackers which infest it: On the 16th of January I ordered Lient. C. Haserodt, with a squad of my monnted infantry, to secure the arrest of John Burke, a notori- ous bushwhacker, who was reported to be with his gang on the Wilson pike, fifteen miles from Franklin. At the honse of a Mrs. Cherry Lieutenant Haserodt fell in with five mounted men, whom he ordered to surrender, three of whom did so at once, but the other two took refuge in the house. On asking Mrs. Cherry whether she had seen said Burke she replied she had not, but you are welcome to search my house. Lieutenant Haserodt then ordered Sergeant Mehring and two men to search the upper part of the house, but before they reached the upper rooms they were fired upon and Sergeant Mehring was fatally wounded.* Burke and another man by the name of Birch were both wounded, but Burke made his escape through a window in the back part of the house. Another of the band was killed instantly. After the affray Lieutenant Haserodt ordered the inmates to leave the house and set fire to the house. On the 29th of January I ordered Lieutenant Briggs to proceed with twenty mounted men to the neighborhood of Spring Hill, Maury County, in search of a band of guerrillas who were reported to be there stealing horses and committing other depredations. Lieutenant Briggs with his men struck their trail three miles east of Spring Hill and followed it up the country to Leipers Creek,~ in Williamson County. They came up with Bob Riggs gang (twelve in number) at Edmund Dodsons, on Leipers Creek. They fled at the approach of my men, who pursued them three miles up the creek and succeeded in killing the leader, Bob Riggs, and another of his band, whose name could not be ascertained. I regret that the small force at my disposal and the *A mistake; Sergeant Meliring was mustered out witli his company Page 8 8 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. PLA. numerous other duties required of them prevents me to scour the country more frequently, which should be done almost every day to exterminate the bushwhackers now infesting this neighborhood, and who always commit their depredations when they know my men are otherwise employed. I have the honor, general, to remain, most respectfully, your obedient ser~rant, A. MATZDORFF, Lieut. Cot. Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Veteran Vols., Comdg. Post. Brig. Gen. ii. W. JOHNSON, (Jomdg. Defenses on Tennessee and Alabama Railroad. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Pulaski, Tenn., February 12, 1865. Respectfully forwarded for information of the major-general com- manding the District of Tennessee. I shall increase the mounted force at Franklin by 100 men. R. W. JOHNSON, Brigadier. General. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FoRcEs, Franklin, Tenn., February 20, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that immediately on receipt of the information that the train had been attacked by guerrillas on the 16th instant, I ordered a party of fifty mounted men, under command of Captains Kolomb and Hoffmann, to the pursuit of the gang. After scouring the country pretty thoroughly to beyond Duck River, the expedition returned on the afternoon of the 19th instant, having suc- ceeded in killing two most notorious desperadoes, named Nathan Eazell and Lyons, and recapturing two horses and one mule that were stolen from this post. The accompanying letter* was found on the per. son of Lyons, while Eazell, one of Forrests original cutthroats, had in~ his pocket the also inclosed pass and oath of amnesty.* Eazell was also recognized as one of the gang who preyed in the vicinity of Hol- low Tree Gap some ten days ago, and who robbed Mr. Brown, tele- graph repairer. Every honest and peaceable resident of this neighbor- hood will feel a great relief that the daring career of these outlaws has thus been terminated. Major Smith, of the Eighth Michigan Cavalry, who left here with his command this morning, will report to you in due time, and on the way to Pulaski have a lookout for the bushwhackers that infest the country about Duck River. In conclusion, I would most respectfully request you to have Captain Hoffmann and command remain here for some time yet, as only the utmost vigilance and constant scour- ing of the country will rid the same of the btishwhackers that now infest it; but with the assistance of Captain Hoffmann and his men I flatter myself to make this place a little too hot for bushwhackers. I have the honor, general, to remain, most respectfully, your obedi- ent servant, A. MATZDORFF, Lieut. Col. 75th Pennsylvania Veteran Vol. lufty., Comdg. Post. Brig. Gen. R. W. JOHNSON, Comdg. Defenses on Tennessee and Alabama Railroad. * Omitted as unimportant Page 9 SKIRMISH NEAR SIMPSONVILLE, KY. 9 JANUARY 2327, 1865.Scout from Cumberland Gap, Tenn. Reports of Lieut. Col. William C. Bartlett Second North Carolina Mounted Infantry. CUIVIIBERLAND GAP, January 28,1865. GENERAL: On Monday last I sent ont a scout under Lieut. J. N. Jennings, of Second North Carolina Mounted Infantry, which returned yesterday, having killed 12 rebel guerrillas, wounded a number, and captured 10, besides having captured from the rebels 40 horses, some of them saddled. W. C. BARTLETT, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Brigadier-General TJLL5ON, Commanding Pourth Division, Twenty-third Army Corps. CTJMEERLAND GAP, January 28, 1865. The men sent on scout were those of Lieutenant Jennings command, North Carolina Mounted Infantry, and of Captains Odles and Rileys home guards. I would like to dispose of captured stock, so as to keep all these squads well mounted, as they all are constantly hard at work, acting under my orders. Cannot also rations be issued to them? The proportion of killed was larger than reported, being between 20 and 25 instead of 12. My orders are to shoot a guerrilJa whenever and where- ever [he] is found, and not to take prisoners on any account. W. C. BARTLETT, Brigadier-General TJLLSON. Lieutenant- Colonel. JANUARY 25, 1865.Skirmish near Simpsonville, Shelby County, Ky. Report of Brig. Gen. Hugh Ewing, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division, District of Kentucky. JANUARY 26, 1865.. COLONEL: The general commanding desires me to say that informa- tion has reached these headquarters that a cattle guard composed of negro soldiers were attacked at or near Simpsonville, Shelby County, yesterday and a number killed and woundedof the latter seventeen are reported. It is absolutely necessary that they be attended to. You will therefore call the attention of the medical department td the fact. Secure if possible a mounted force of twenty-five to fifty men and send them to Simpsonville to escort the ambulances sent to bring in the wounded, with further instructions to collect the cattle and drive them to this city. They will further ascertain if any officers were in com- mand of the guard; if so, arrest and bring them to these headquarters. Give this matter your immediate attention and report the departure of the force sent out. By command of Brig. Gen. Hugh Ewing: E. B. HARLAN, Captain and Assistant Adjutant- General. Lieutenant-Colonel COYL, Commanding Post, Louisville, Ky Page 10 10 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. JANUARY 25, 1865.Expedition from Irish Bottom to Evans Island, Teun. Report of Cot. John A. Shannon, First U. S. Colored fleavy Artillery. HEADQUARTERS FORAGING EXPEDITION, Irish Bottom, Tenn., January 28, 18G5. SIR: I have the honor to report that in accordance with instriletions received from Major Smith, acting inspector-general, Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Twenty-third Army Corps, I proceeded to Beaver Dam Bottom on the 25th instant, and did not find the cattle there. I then moved on down the river and did not find them until I got to Evans Island, where the cattle were on the island, and the water and ice run- nin g in the river so bad that the men in charge could not get them off. I found Lient. Wiley M. Christian in command of the First Tennessee; he had three commissioned officers and eighty-six men. Upon ascertain. ing the fact that the,cattle could not be moved immediately I sent to the Beaver Dam for Captain Murphy and his fifty men to come and take charge of the guard and cattle. Captain Murphy had two com- missioned officers with him. I then left orders for Captain Murphy to bring the cattle up to the Beaver Dam as soon as practicable, and as he then had six commissioned officers and 136 men, I thought that that was a sufficient guard for 192 cattle (the number I found there), and I took the responsibility npon myself to order the cavalry to come on and report to Colonel Hawley, as ordered. Lieutenant Christian accounts for the absence of his men in this way, i.e., that when he started from Knoxville he had to leave the sick there, bringing only sixty-eight men with him, but that they are getting bet- ter and are rejoining their command; he now has eighty-six men, and he knows of six that had started from Knoxville and would be there by this time. I apprehend that if the present cold weather continues and the ice continues to run in the river as it now does, that the cattle can- not get off the island, and having consumed the forage there it will be exceedingly difficult for them to live. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN A. SHANNON, Colonel, Commanding Foraging Expedition. Capt. W. W. DEANE, Asst. Adjt. Gen., 2d Brig., 4th Div.,23d Army Corps, Knoxville, flienn. JANUARY 27, 1865.Skirmish at Elrods Tan-yard, De Kalb County, Ala. Report of Cot. Felix Prince Salm, Sixty-eighth New York Infantry. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Bridgeport, Ala., January 31, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of an expe- dition fitted out at this post by permission of the major-general com- manding: The command left Bridgeport, Ala., on the 26th instant, at 3 p.m., on board the U. S. transport Bridgeport, and landed at Romans Landing at 7.30 p. m. the same day. The march was resumed immediately after coming ashore and continued until 3 a. in. 27th instant, when Page 11 SKIRMISH AT ELRODS TAN-YARD, ALA. 11 camped near the school-house, Mound Mary, Marshall County, Ala. On this march a well-known guerrilla and bushwhacker named Wil- liams, and belonging to Butlers company, was captured, and all the houses on the road were thoroughly searched, but without any result worth mentioning. At daybreak 27th instant the march was resumed. I passed through Sand Mountain narrows and reached at 1 p. m. Timms farm, De Kalb County, Ala.; from thence we crossed Black Oak Creek and waded through Town Creek, D e Kalb County, until at 7 p. m. we came in sight of the enemy. A part of Sparks~ company was encamped near Elrods farm and tan-yard, near Town Creek, De Kalb County, Ala. I approached with the utmost circumspection and silence and had a fair view of them moving around their fires, quite uncon- scious of our approach. I divided my command in order to surround and capture them all; but the darkness and the great quantity of tim- ber strewn on the ground impeded the movement, so that one part of my command came to fire and charge before the junction of all the detachments was completed, giving the greater part of the outlaws a chance to effect their escape. In this charge First Lieut. Leander Mar- tin, Eighteenth Regiment lIT. S. Colored, was instantly killed. The loss of the enemy was 1 killed, 8 wounded, and 3 captured. They were completely routed, and left a number of arms and equipments on the field. They were commanded by a Lieutenant Smith, and their strength is supposed to have been from thirty-six to forty in all. I camped that night on the place of the action, and resumed the march back to the river early on the 28th. The enemy followed me in the rear and on the flanks without any demonstration until 5 p. in., when a party of about 100, under a Captain Butler, at tacked me in the rear, but were fairly repulsed with a loss of 5 men disabled. My men poured two well-directed vol- leys into them and they skedaddled as quick as they came. In this second engagement I had no loss to sustain. The forces I was engaged with are said to belong to a new regimental organization of guerrillas, called home guards, raised in De Kalb, Marshall, and Blount Counties, Ala., by a so-called Colonel Lowe, and are composed of the following full companies: Sparks company, encamped near Duck Springs, De Kaib County, Ala.; Witherspoons company, encamped three miles below Lebanon; Butlers company, encamped nearWakefield, Marshall County, Ala.; Newmans company, encamped near Portersville, De KaIb County, Ala.; ilamacks company, encamped near Valley Head, De Kalb County, Ala. They are assigned to General Clantons brigade, and com- posed chiefly of deserters and absentees from the rebel army, mostly inhabitants of the aforesaid counties, who are enlisted in these organi- zations under promise of pardon of their offenses. The so-called Colo- nel Lowe, as well as the so-called captains, are said to have no authority from the rebel War Department. I inclose copy of the muster-roll of Sparks company, found in possession of First Sergeant Williams, one of the prisoners, and a croquis of the place of the first engagement. The command was composed of detachments of the Sixty-eighth Regiment New York Veteran Volunteers, Eighteenth Regiment U. S. Colored Infantry, and Ninth and First Ohio Volunteer Artillery Vet- erans. The officers and men behaved themselves well and gallantly. Most respectfully, FELIX PR. SALM Maj. S. B. MOE, Colonel, Commanding Post. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Dist. of the Etowah, Chattanooga, Tenn Page 12 J3ense Jb3od& PLAN OF THE ATTACK OF Col. PRINCE SALM On the Rebel Camp AT ELRODS TAN-YARD, DeKALB CO. ALA., January 2T, 1865. ~ / / - ~-~.----~~-- - ~ ]iense /t~oa~. 02 02 0 Page 13 ACTION AT ATHENS, TENN. 13 JANUARY 28, 1865.Attack on U. S. Steamer Octorara, Mobile Bay, Ala. Report of ]JJiaJ. Gen. Dabney H. Jlfaury, C. S. Army, commanding Dis- trict of the Gulf. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE GULF, Mobile, Ala., February 3, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that on the 24th ultimo Com- modore Farrand, C. S. Navy, transferred-to me the torpedo boat Saint Patrick, built by a man named Halligan, under a contract with the Government. Halligan having shown himself deficient in nerve or capacity to attack the enemy, I removed him from command of the Saint Patrick and assigned to her Lieutenant Walker, C. S. Navy, a young officer of great gallantry and merit whom Commodore Farrand kindly placed at my disposal. Mr. Walker diligently applied himself to prepa- ration for immediate action, and although ilalligan had removed from the boat several essential parts of her machinery, he was enabled to recover them and get under way on the night of the 27th ultimo. At 1 a. m. he struck the enemys flag-ship Octorara abaft the wheel-house. Th& ~ torpedo missed fire. The greatest consternation and confusion was occasioned on the ship, so that the fire of artillery and musketry which was directed against the Saint Patrick failed to strike her and she returned with her crew to the protection of our batteries. Some portion of her machinery was damaged during the expedition, but Mr. Walker is confident that he will be ready to go out again by the next dark moon. I take pleasure in reporting to the War Department the fine conduct of Lieutenant Walker and in recommending him through you to the favorable notice of the Navy -Department. I remain, very respectfully, general, your obedient servant, DABNEY H. MAURY, Major- General Coin - General S. COOPER, mandinti. Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, Va. JANUARY 28, 1865.Action at Athens, Tenn. REPOIRTS. No. 1.Lieut. George W. Ross, Sevenl;h Tennessee Mounted Infantry. No. 2.Capt. Thomas A. Stevenson, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery. No. 1. Report of Licut. George W. Ross, Seventh Tennessee Mounted Infantry. ATHENS, January 29, 18653.30 p. m. GENERAL: We were attacked yesterday by 300 rebels of Vaughns, Wheelers, and bushwhacker commands and repulsed them from town, but they captured some twenty or twenty-five of our men, including Maj. John McGaughey. They retreated from town in the evening and remained all, night seven miles from here, and rum or says they are going to make another attack in connection with about the same force that came to Madisonville yesterday. We have not the horses to follow them there, and if we only had two pieces of artillery we could have killed or captured half of them, as they would not come in range o Page 14 14 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. either the court-ho!llse or our fortifications. If you have them to spare we would be pleased to have two companies of the Second Ohio Heavy and two pieces cannon~ then we are all right here, but we will have to have cavalry to follow them and capture them. They burnt one stable and one outhouse and robbed all the houses in the outskirts of town. .1 am, very respectfully, yours, GEG. ~. ROSS, Lieutenant and Regimental Qvartermaster. Brig. Gen. DAVIS TILLSoN. ADDENDA. KNOXVILLE, TENN., January 29, 1865. Lient. GEORGE W. Ross, Quartermaster, Athens, Tenn.: Your dispatch received. I congratulate you upon your success, but regret very much the capture of Major MeGaughey. What were the casualties to the enemy, and among our forces~ DAVIS TILLSON, Brigadier- General of Volunteers. ATHENS, January 29, 18657 p. m. Brig. Gen. D. TILLSoN: We killed 12 or 15, and they took their wounded, some 30 or 35, off with them; some of them very badly. Our loss is some 15 or 20 pris- oners and 5 slightly and 1 severely wounded. We lost a good many horses and mules killed. GEO. W. ROSS, Lieutenant and Regimental Quartermaster. INo. 2. Report of Capt. Thomas A. Stevenson, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery. HDQRS. FIRST BATT., SECOND OHIO HEAVY ARTILLERY, Knoxville, Teun., February 3, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report: Early on the morning of the 29th ultimo I received orders to report at the depot with my command. Major Standish, Tenth Michigan Cavalry, ordered four companies of my battalion, Companies A, B, G, and M, to embark on the first section of the train, also fifty men under Captain Roberts, Tenth Michigan Cavalry, Major Standish to follow with Company I, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, and a detachment of his regiment on the second section. I received instructions to run as far as Mouse Creek and wait for orders. At London we learned of the disaster of the second section of the train. At Mouse Creek we took aboard a telegraph operator and proceeded cautiously to Athens, where we arrived at 2.35 p. m. The garrison, composed of a part of the Seventh Tennessee Mounted Infantry, about 500 men, were scattered through the town and country, a greater portion of them having dis. appeared in the timber on the approach of the enemy the day previous and had not yet returned. At 3 p. m. Lieutenant-Colonel Grosvenor arrived from Chattanooga with 700 men and two pieces of artillery Page 15 EXPEDITION FROM STRAWBERRY PLAINS, TENN. 15 From the best information we learned that about 200 guerrillas dashed into the place the ~day before about 1 p. in., and that they were in the public square before the garrison knew it; that they remained three hours and drew off at their leisure without doing any injury to the town. On the morning of the 30th the troops from Chattanooga returned. As I was then in command I moved my battalion into the town, quartering one company in the bank and three in the academy. Captain Roberts mounted his men the evening of the 29th and scoured the country in the direction of the mountains ten or twelve miles with- out finding any signs of the enemy. On the 30th I sent a detachment of the Seventh Tennessee to arrest three of the most noted rebel sym- pathizers in the county, to hold as hostages for Major McGaughey, who had been taken prisoner by the guerrillas. The officer in charge of the detachment found but two of the three, John Goldy and David Cobb. On Tuesday we were alarmed by several citizens dashing in with the report that 500 of the enemy were at Scarboroughs Mills and moving toward Athens. As these men were vouched for as being loyal and reliable men, I made the proper disposition of the forces and awaited the appearance of the enemy. At 3 p. m. I sent scouts out on several roads who returned at dark and reported all quiet. I allowed the men to return to their quarters with instructions to be ready to fall in at a moments notice. At 2 a. m. February 1 the Tennessee vedettes, on the Columbus road, ran in past the pickets from the Second Ohio and reported they had been fired on, and that they had returned the fire. The men were soon under arms and we waited patiently until daybreak for the enemy. As none appeared I sent Lieutenant Burrows, with twenty-six men of the Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, mounted, out with instructions to scour the country thoroughly and return by 2p. m. He returned and reported he had visited Scarboroughs Mills and other points where the enemy were reported to have been seen the day pre- vious; that no enemy had been at any of the places; that none had been in the country since early Sunday morning, except five or six, who were stealing horses, on Monday, the 30th. That evening I received orders to return with Companies A and B to this place. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, T. A. STEVENSOK, Capt., Comdg. First Battalion, & cond Ohio Heavy Artillery. Capt. W. W. DEANE, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Fourth Divisio~, Twenty-third Army Corps. JANUARY 2831, 1865.Expedition from Strawberry Plains to Clinch Mountain, Teun., with skirmish. REPORTS. No. 1.Maj. Daniel W. Hoffman, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery. No. 2.Lieut. Don A. Dodge, Tenth Michigan Cavalry. No. 1. Report of ]Jifaj. Daniel IF. Hoffman, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January 81, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to state that the expedition under Lieu- tenant Dodge has returned. A fight occurred at or near Stearns, an Page 16 16 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. our men retreated. They report killing several of the, enemy in a run- ning fight. We lost no men. According to yonr order, I sent Lieuten- ants Wiley and Smith with sixty men of Second Ohio Yolunteer Heavy Artillery to report to Lieutenant Dodge. Leaving camp at 7.30 p. m. on Saturday, they marched twenty miles before daylight. On account of the severity of the march a great many men gave out, so that in the fight the infantry numbered only thirty men. I have ordered Lieuten- ant Dodge to make a report of the action, which I will forward as soon as received. If you order it, I will have Lieutenant Wiley, in com- mand of the infantry, make a report also, as there seems to be quite a difference of opinion as regards the necessity and management of the retreat. Respectfully, DAN. W. HOFFMAN, Major, Second Ohio Volunteer Heavy Artillery, Comdg. Post. Capt. W. W. DEANE, Assistant Adjutant- General, Knoxville, Tenn. No. 2. Report of Lient. Don A. Dodge, Tenth Michigan Cavalry. CAMP COMPANY M, TENTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY, Strawberry Plains, East Tennessee, January 31, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to make the following report of my com- mand on the 28th, 29th, and 30th, to wit: I left Strawberry Plains at 1 p. m. January 28, with nineteen men of Company M, Tenth Michigan Cavalry, armed with sabers and Colt army revolvers, with instructions to proceed to the house of Pleasant Stearns, nea~1y opposite of Rut- ledge, living on the north side of Clinch Mountain, and arrest hun (Stearns) and bring him to Knoxville. On reaching Blains Cross-Roads, I learned that a man by the name of Hepshire was at and in the vicinity of Stearns with eighty men, and also of Lieutenant Clark with thirty-five or forty men, and a small squad with Popejoy and Beeler. I halted and sent courier to you, stating the facts and requesting re-en- forcements to proceed that night ~n the mountain path, and at llp. m. Lieutenants Wiley and Smith,. of the Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, reported to me with sixty men. I immediately started to proceed over the mountain paths, and finding it impossible to reach the locality in which the rebels were reported, owing to the condition of the streams and defiles through which I had to pass in the night, I camped at 5 oclock on the morning of the 29th, five miles southeast of Powder Spring Gap, for rest and feed and at 7 a. m. the 29th I started by way of Powder Spring Gap. Arrived on the north side of the mountain, two miles from Pleasant Stearns house, at 2p.m. Learning of rebels in close proximity to us I halted. Owing to the tediousness of the march some of my infantrymen had given out and straggled, leaving me at this place with nineteen cavalry and thirty infantry, forty-nine men in all. Here I placed my men under cover. Learning that Popejoy and Beeler had just passed in a southerly direction, I took seven cavalrymen and tracked them to the base of Clinch Mountain, two miles and a half, in a southwesterly direction. Failing to overtake them, as they took to the rocks and bushes in the monutain, I returned to my command and moved, to the house of Ple~s~nt Stearns. I learned, from a lady in tha1 Page 17 AFFAIR AT DANVILLE, KY. 17 vicinity that a girl of Mr. Beelers, living half a mile from Stearns, had passed down and met a rebel scout and gave them the strength of my command. I camped at Mr. Stearns, and, being fully aware of an attack from the enemy on the evening of the 29th, I moved my command at 10 p. m. two miles southwest from Stearns house, the position which I held at that time not affording me any cover, nor could I dispose my troops here to repel or make an attack successfully. Having moved under cover of wood I camped, and at 8 p. m. the 30th a woman came to my picket-post and reported that a number of the enemy, estimated at from twenty-five to thirty, arrived at Mr. Stearns house at 4 oclock the morning of the 30th; also that another detachment had passed on to the Powder Spring Gap, endeavoring to get in my rear, and at 9 a. m. the 30th the enemy commenced firing on my pickets. We exchanged occasional shots on picket-posts for half an hour, the enemy endeavoring to divert my attention in this direction. Observing that they were sending forces on both sides of the mountain, trying to get possession of the only passage I now held, I ordered in my pickets and started with my command to gain this point before the enemy could arrive there. After proceeding about one mile, the enemy charged my rear with about twenty cavalry. I immediately formed, repulsed, and drove them back. I then moved forward three-quarters of a mile, halted for a short time, moved forward again, skirmishing for about two miles, when the enemy again charged my rear, and as in the first charge I formed and again repulsed them this time with my infantry, moving my cavalry on to hold a long deep cut leading to the road and to keep the enemy from flanking me at this point. The skirmishing was kept up by the infantry until they came up with the cavalry. Knowing that the enemy were superior in numbers, and that they held the advantage of position, and that with the force I had I could not inflict any dam- age upon them, my troops being very much jaded and worn, I returned to camp on the evening of the 30th, without the loss of a man. The loss of the enemy was 2 men killed and 1 wounded. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant DON A. DODGE, First Lieutenant, Tenth Michigan Cavalry Volunteers. Maj. DANIEL W. HOFFMAN, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, Commanding Post. JANUARY 29, 1865.Affair at Danville, Ky. REPORTS. No. 1.Brig. Gen. Edward H. Hobson, U. S. Army. No. 2.Capt. William L. Gross, Assistant Quartermaster, Assistant Superintendent U. S. Military Telegrapli. No. 1. Report of Brig. Gen. Edward H. Hobson, U. S. Army. LEXINGTON, Ky., January 30, 1865. - Thirty-five guerrillas, under Captain Clarke, all dressed in Federal uniform and claiming to belong to Fourth Missopri Cavalry, entereel 2 H HVOL XLIX, PT Page 18 18 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Danville yesterday morning. Robbed citizens, & c. Went in the direc- tion of Perryville. Several parties are after them. Please notify Ander- son County of same. By order of Brigadier-General Hobson: THOS. A. HOWES, Lieutenant and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. P. W. LINDSEY, Inspector and Adjutant General State of Kentucky, Frankfort, Ky. No. 2. Report of Capt. William L. Gross, Assistant Quartermaster, Assistant Superintendent U. S. Military Telegraph. DANVILLE, January 29,1865. Thirty-five guerrillas, under Captain Clarke, all dressed in Federal uniform, entered Danville this morning. They robbed some of the citi- zens and one boot store and left on the Perryville pike at 11.15 a. m. They claimed, at first, to be Federal troops, Fourth Missouri Cavalry, but there is no doubt they are guerrillas in disguise. They gutted my office here pretty effectually. W. L. GROSS, Captain and Assistant Superintendent Military Telegraph. Capt. J. S. BUTLER, Assistant Adjutant- General. JANUARY 29, 1865.Skirmish near Harrodsburg, Ky. Report of Brig. Gen. Speed S. Fry, U. S. Army. CAMP NELSON, Kr., January 30, 1865. J. H. Bridgewater overtook forty guerrillas in Federal uniform five miles west of llarrodsburg yesterday evening. Killed and captured twelve. Says they are going in the direction of G. and F. Railroad. He is pressing them, and desires you to head them off. By order of Brig. Gen. S. S. Fry: G. W. ALi~XANDER, Lieutenant and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General~ ADJUTANT-GENERAL, Frankfort, Ky. JANUARY 30, 1865.Skirmish near Chaplintown, Ky. Report of Maj. Thomas Mahoney, Thirtieth Kentucky Infantry. LEBANON, Ky., February 1, 1865. Captain Searcy had a running fight with Clarkes guerrillas, three miles east of Chaplintown, last Monday; wounded one of them; had better horses, got away. Captain came to Bloomfield on Tuesday; Fifty-fourth run in on him; had a fight, wounding one man, killed a horse, before learning who they were. Have heard nothing from Elizabethtown. Major Barnes, Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry, and Coin- paucs B and B, Thirtieth Kentucky. left this morning for there. MAHONEY, Majors - Capt. J. S. J~IJTLER, Assistant Adjutant-General Page 19 NORTH ALABAMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 19 JANUARY 31APRIL 24, 1865.Operations in North Alabama and East Tennessee. STJM1IRY OF TIlE PRIINCIPAIL EV~EN7iPS. Jan. 31, 1865.Maj. Gen. David S. Stanley, U. S. Army, resumes command of the Fourth Army Corps. Apr. 311, 1865.Expedition to Asheville, N. C. IlEPOIRTS. No. 1.Maj. Gen. David S. Stanley, U. S. Army, commanding Fourth Army Corps. No. 2.Journal of the Fourth Army Corps. No. 3.Report of Col. Isaac M. Kirby, One hundred and first Ohio Infantry, com- manding First Brigade, First Division. No. 1. Report of Maj. Gen. David S. Stanley, U. S. Army, commanding Fourth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS FOURTH ARMY CORPS, Camp iliarker, Nashville, Ienn., iWay 8, 1865. GENERAL: To continue the records of the services of the Fourth Army Corps in this department, I have the honor to report that I resumed command of the corps on the 31st day of January last at Huntsville, Ala., relieving Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood, who commanded the corps during my absence (during December and January) from wounds received at Franklin, Teun. The troops were comfortably hutted in the vicinity of Huntsville, General Kimballs division (the First) on the Big Cove road east of the city; General Elliotts (the Sec- ond) on the Athens road three miles west, and General Woods division (the Third) on the Whitesburg road four miles south of Huntsville. The same day I took command of the corps orders were received to send the Third Division, Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood commanding, to East- port, Miss. The troops of the division all arrived at Nashville on the 2d. The transportation of the division, with two batteries of artillery, were started by the dirt road to Eastport, via Florence, Ala., with a strong escort. On the ~th of February orders were received directing the division to return to Huntsville, their presence in Mississippi not being necessary. The troops reached their old camp on the 7th~ their transportation returning joined them the same day. The cops re- mained in cantonments at Huntsville until the 13th of March. During this period drills, inspections, and reviews were regularly kept up. Many absentees and recruits joined, and the condition of the corps was much improved. March 12 orders were recetved for the corps to move by railroad to Bulls Gap, East Tennessee, and the First Division, Gen- eral Kimballs, left the next day, disembarking from the cars at Straw- berry Plains. The Third Division, Major-General Woods, took post at New Market. Colonel Kirbys brigade, of the First Division, moved out to Bulls Gap on the 24th, giving escort and protection to the con- struction corps. General Woods division moved on to Greeneville on the 4th of April, sending one brigade (Beattys) to Jonesborough, and giving protection to the road as far as the Watauga River. The railroad people were twenty-one days in making the transfer of the corps from Huntsville to Knoxville, notwithstanding that all the transportation was unloaded at Knoxville, the troops Qnly being sent by cars to thef Page 20 20 KY., S. W. VA., TJ~NN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. destination upon the railroad east of that place. Complaint was made by the chief quartermaster that the cars were unnecessarily detained in East Tennessee by the military, but I am convinced that the ~nan- agers of the railroad are alone responsible for the delay, which was after all probably unavoidable, as no side-tracks or other accommoda- tions were provided beyond Knoxville for the large number of trains that becamejammed up on that part of the road. Seven soldiers were killed during the movement of the troops, of whom three lost their lives by unavoidable accident, the remaining four by reckless running on the part of the railroad officials. On the 3d of April Colonel Kirbys brigade was sent on an expedition with ten days rations up the French Broad, with instructions to capture Asheville, N. C., if this could be effected without serious loss of life. The object of the expedition was princi- pally to make a demonstration in favor of General Stoneman, who had crossed the mountains in command of an expedition into North Caro- lina. Colonel Kirby marched to the place and drove the enemy into his works, but being unprovided with artillery, and being but little superior to the rebels in point of numbers, very properly decided not to assaul1~ the position, the enemy being protected by two inclosed field works? During the occupation of the upper valley of East Tennessee every assistance was given the construction corps in repairing and rebuilding the railroad, our men getting out all the cross-ties and bridge timbers and placing all the wooden material on the track. On the 18th of April orders were received from department headquarters to concentrate the corps by railroad at Nashville. The infantry was marched to Bulls Gap and embarked on the cars at that point. All the artillery, the transportation, and the pontoon train moved to Knox- ville, taking the cars from that city. The ambulance trains continued the march to Chattanooga, where they took the cars. The entire move- ment was made in fourteen days, with the loss of only two men acci- dentally killed on the cars. The corps occupied their present camps upon reaching this place. It is at present nearly 20,000 strong effective force, in good condition in arms and equipments, and in my opinion is to-day more efficient and better prepared for campaigning than when they commenced last May the Atlanta campaign. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. S. STANLEY, Brig. Gen. WILLIAM D. WHIPPLE, Major-General, Commanding Chief of AS1taff, Department of the Cumberland. No. 2. Journal of the Fourth Army Corps.* H~3NTSVILLE, ALA. February 1.The Third Division, in accordance with orders from department headquarters, left Huntsville, via railroad, for Nashville, from which point it will embark on transports and be sent to Eastport, on the Tennessee River. February 2.Third Division reaches Nashville and goes into camp south of the city, where it will await transports. * Kept by Lieut. Col. Josepli S. Fullerton, assistant adjutant-general and chief of staff. See explanatory foot-note, Vol. XXXVIII, Part I, p. 839 Page 21 NORTH ALABAMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 21 February 5.Under orders from department headquarters the Third Division will not go to Eastport, but will return to Huntsville. Feoruary 6.Said division starts for Huntsville, via railroad, and reaches there February 7, where it goes into its old camp. During this time, from February 1 to February 7, the rest of the corps remains at Huntsville. February 7 to March 13.The corps remains in the vicinity of Hunts- ville. March 11.4 p. in., received dispatch from Major-General Thomas, of which the following is a copy: Maj. Gen. D. S. STANLEY: NASHVILLE, March 11, 1865. Prepare one of your divisions and start it for Bulls Gap as soon as you can get railroad transportation, sending the division wagons and ambulances by road, with no loads except forage and rations for mules and guards. Your other divisions will follow in the same manner. Perhaps we can send new troops to Granger. A depot will be established at Knoxville for accommodation of the whole in East Tennessee. GEG. H. THOMAS, Major- General. There are not cars enough here to take the First Division to Knoxville and Bulls Gap, and will not be until the 13th instant. 7 p. in., issued orders for the corps to move as soon as transportation can be furnished, in the following order: First, the First Division; second, the Third Division; third, the Second Division. Officers horses, pack-mules, the guns of the Artillery Brigade, the hospitals, ammunition, and the heavy part of the pontoon train will be moved via railroad. The rest of the Artillery Brigade and all of the division trains, with forage enough to last to Chattanooga, will go over the dirt road via Stevenson. March 12.Trains not yet here to move the troops. They will be in to-night. March 13.S a. in., the First Division now being shipped on the train (railroad) for Knoxville, Tenn. 11 a. in., the First Division, all save two regiments. for which there were no trains, has started for Knox- ville. There is no forage at the post, and the wagon trains cannot yet start. March 14.5 p. in., the remaining two regiments of the First Division being shipped for Knoxville. Will leave to-night. No forage yet at the post for the trains that go via the dirt road. There will be cars here to-night to take part of the Third Division in the morning. March i5.7 a. in., two brigades of the Third Division now being shipped for Knoxville. 8 a. in., they start. There will be forage here this evening, and the First Division wagon train will start for Stevenson to-morrow morning if they get the forage in time. 6 p. in., the third brigade of Third Division cannot be shipped before morning. 10. p. in., received telegram from Lieutenant-Colonel Greenwood, assist- ant inspector-general Fourth Corps, at Knoxville. He says that Gen~ eral Thomas (who is at Knoxville) directs that all of the transportation of the corps be shipped to Knoxville by railroad as fast as cars can be furnished to take it; that it will not go by dirt road as directed; that the Second Division of the corps (General Elliotts) will remain at Huntsville until further orders from General Thomas but that its transportation be shipped to Knoxville as soon as possible by railroad, and that the First and Third Divisions be pushed forward as soon as can be to Bulls Gap. The railroad is only repaired to about twenty miles beyond Knoxville. Orders were at once sent to the officer having charge of the First Division train not to start for Chattanooga to-morrow, but to remain here, the train to be shipped by railroad Page 22 22 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. ~lA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. March 16.Major-General Stanley and staff will leave for Knoxville by railroad to-morrow morning. 11 a. in., issue orders for Second Division (General Elliotts) to remain at Huntsville until otherwise ordered by General Thomas. The transportation of the division will be shipped, though, to Knoxville. In the absence of General Stanley (he starts to-morrow) Brigadier-General Elliott will have command and control of all troops and property of the Fourth Corps left behind, and will send forward the artillery and transportation of the corps to Knoxville, Teun., as rapidly as possible, as soon as cars can be obtained, in the following order: First, Artillery Brigade, with batteries, trans- portation, & c.; second, the transportation of the First Division; third, the transportation of the Third Division; fourth, ambulance corps, with ambulances, hospitals, & e.; fifth, pontoon train; sixth, trans- portation of Second Division. All the animals of the trains will be taken on the cars. Officers having charge of these trains will report to General Elliott for orders. 11.30 a. in., the last troops of the Third Division, that remained behind yesterday, have now gone. The only troops of the corps remaining here now are with the Second Division and Artillery Brigade. March 17.il a. in., left Huntsville for Knoxville, Teun. The First Division of the corps is now at Strawberry Plains, Tenn., about fifteen miles beyond Knoxville, and the Third Division is arriving at New Mar- ket, about twenty-five miles east of Knoxville, on the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad. It will camp there for the present. The Second Division will remain in Huntsville until the Artillery Brigade and the transportation of the corps is shipped to Knoxville. The shipment of the artillery will commence to-night. 10 p. in., reach Chattanooga, Tenn., and will remain here to-night. March iS.7 a. in., General Stanley called on General Thomas, who is at present in Chattanooga, passing through on his way from Knox- ville to Nashville. General Thomas informed General S[tanley] that the railroad (East Tennessee and Virginia) is being repaired eastward from Strawberry Plains (fifteen miles from Knoxville), and he directs that General S[tanley] protect the working parties on the road; that as soon as the road is finished to Bulls Gap he place two divisions at Carters Station, on the Watanga River, beyond the gap, and to place one brigade at Kingsport, northeast of the gap. It is supposed that the road will be completed to Bulls Gap within two weeks. The two divisions are first to be sent to Bulls Gap, as soon as the road can be finished to that point, and afterward to be pushed on to Carters Sta- tion. These troops can not move until their transportation arrives. 8 a. in., leave Chattanooga for Knoxville and New Market. KNOxvILLE, TENN. March 19.10 a. in., arrive at Knoxville, Tenn. 6 p. in., leave Knox- ville for New Market. The First Division of the corps is now at Straw- berry Plains and the Third Division at New Market, ten miles beyond, on the railroad. NEW NARKET, EAST TENN. March 20.2 a. in., corps headquarters arrive at New Market, and the same will be established here, to remain until further orders. 4 p. in., the Artillery Brigade of the corps is now arriving (by railroad) at New Market. 4.30 p. in., Brigadier-General Elliott, commanding Second Division, at Huntsville, telegraphs that he is now shipping fro Page 23 NORTH ALABAMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 23 that point the transportation of the corps to Knoxville. The trans- portation of the First Division will be unloaded at Knoxville and that of the Third Division at New Market; not yet determined where to unload that of the Second Division. 5 p. in., all of the Artillery Bri- gade has arrived at New Market. March 21.No movements of the corps to-day. It is supposed that the transportation of the First Division will arrive at Knoxville to-morrow. If so, it will be sent to Strawberry Plains by dirt road. As soon as it arrives there part of the division will start for the front. March 22.Transportation of First Division arriving at Knoxville. No movements of the corps to-day. March 23.No movement of any part of the corps to-day. The trans- portation and supplies not yet up. The wagons, horses, & c., of the Third Division are being shipped from Huntsville and will commence to arrive at New Market, per railroad, to-night. March 24.Colonel Kirbys brigade of the First Division left Straw- berry Plains this morning for IRussellville, about five miles southwest of Bulls Gap. It will go to this point to cover the working parties on the railroad. 1.30 p. in., Kirbys brigade arrives at New Market, and will proceed at once to Mossy Creek, where it will camp for the night. To-morrow morning it will march for iRussellville. ~ p. in., received a dispatch from Captain King, commissary of subsistence, at Morris- town, thirteen miles beyond Mossy Creek, who says that it is reported that Morristown will be attacked by 300 rebels to-night; that they are coming from the direction of the French Broad River; and that there are 40,000 rations, a large quantity of forage, & c., at that place, and only fifteen soldiers to guard it. 10.30 p. in., a railroad train is just leaving New Market for Morristown, and Colonel Kirby (who is near Mossy Creek) is directed to send a regiment to that place on said train. The train will stop at Mossy Creek for these troops. March 25.8 a. in., received telegram from Morristown. The rebels did not make their appearance last night. Two brigades of the First Division (Kimballs) started for the front this morning. The remaining brigade (Colonel Kirbys) passed New Market yesterday on the march. to the front. 1 p. in., General Kimball arrives at New Market with two brigades. He will camp at Mossy Creek to-night and to-morrow will proceed to Morristown, or a distance beyond far enough to cover the working party on the railroad. Corps headquarters will move to Mor- ristown or beyond to-morrow. March 2G.The transportation of the Third Division arrived at Knox- ville last night, and will leave that place for said division at New Mar- ket this morning. 8 a. in., General Kimball leaves Mossy Creek with the First Division for Russellville. 9 a. in., corps headquarters leaves for Morristown. 4 p. in., corps headquarters reaches Morristown and will remain there to-night. 5 p. in., the First Division reaches Russell- ville. The railroad men have finished the road to this place, and the division will move on to Bulls Gap to-morrow. One brigade (Colonel Kirbys) will move to Lick Creek, four miles beyond the gap, to cover the party that will work at the railroad bridge and repair the road at and beyond that point. The ambulance corps of this command is arriving at Knoxville this evening. MORRISTOWN~ EAST TENN. March 27.The ambulance train of this command leaves Knoxville this morning for Bulls Gap via the dirt road. 8 a. in., the First Divis- ion leaves Russellville for Bulls Gap and Lick Creek. 9 a. in., corp Page 24 24 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., 1~. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. PLA. headquarters leaves Morristown for Lick Creek, which is distant from Morristown by the route which we will have to travel about twenty miles. 12 in., the First Division reaches Bulls Gap. 3 p. in., Colonel Kirbys brigade reaches Lick Creek. 4.30 p. in., corps headquarters reaches Lick Creek. Headquarters will remain here (Lick Creek) until the railroad bridge over the same is built. 9 p. in., received telegram from General Elliott, commanding Second Division, at Huntsville. He says that all of the transportation of the corps was shipped from that place by 12 m. to-day, except that of Conrads brigade of his division, and that Van Derveers brigade of his division was shipped for Bulls Gap at 2 p. m. to.day. LICK CREEK, EAST TENN. March 28.6 a. in., the railroad construction party commences to bridge the creek at this point. That part of General Kimballs divis- ion which remained at Bulls Gap moved up to Lick Creek to-day. 3 p. in., received dispatch from General Elliott, at Huntsville, Ala., stating that Opdyckes brigade is being shipped at that place to-day, and that it would at once proceed to Bulls Gap via railroad. Conrads brigade, the remaining brigade of his division (the Second) will leave Decatur to-morrow or next day. 4 p. in., telegraphed to General Wood to march his division (Third) from New Market to Bulls Gap, and to start to-morrow if the weather is not too inclement; if it is, to march as soon afterward as practicable. March 29.The railroad party continued work on the bridge to-day; are also preparing the railroad for the track. About seven miles of the track from Lick Creek east has been destroyed; also 1,000 feet of trestle-work at Swan Pond, two miles (or a mile and a half) east of the creek. It is supposed that it will take from six to seven days, if the weather is favorable, to reconstruct this part of the railroad destroyed. 11 a. in., received telegram from Knoxville, stating that the railroad bridge at Flat Creek (about ten miles from Knoxville, east) was destroyed at 9 oclock this morning by a train breaking through. The train was loaded with troops. Two men killed and sev- eral wounded. This will prevent the cars from running on the road until day after to-morrow. General Elliotts troops (two brigades of Second Division have arrived at Knoxville) will stop at Knoxville until the railroad is finished. 6 p. in., commences to rain. March 30.It rained very hard last night. Rained during most of the night, and the water has raised four or five feet in Lick Creek. The rain ceased this a. m. at 7 oclock. Work still progressing on the railroad and railroad bridge to-day. Major-General Woods division (Third) arrived at Morristown last night with all of the transportation of the division. The ambulance corps of this command reached Mor- ristown this morning, and will reach Rogersville Junction, or the vicin- ity, to-night. 6.30 p. in., heavy wind and rain storm commences. General Woods division camped at Russellville this p. m. The ambu- lance corps reached Bulls Gap about dark. March 31.It rained during the whole of last night, and Lick Creek is five feet higher this morning. This will interfere some with the work on the bridge. The bridge to be built is 900 feet long. Received dis- patch from railroad superintendent at Knoxville, stating that the rail. road bridge over Flat Creek would be done at 9 a. m. to-day, and that twelve trains loaded with troops of General Elliotts division would leave Knoxville to-day for Rogersville Junction. 7 a. in., the rain has ceased,and it is now clearing off. 1p.m., Major-General Woods division (Third) arrived in the vicinity of Bulls Gap and has gone int Page 25 NORTil ALABAMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 25 camp. The whole corps, with all of the artillery, transportation, & c., is now in the vicinity of Bulls Gap, with the exception of General Elliotts division and its transportation. The railroad track east of Flat Creek is being prepared for the iron. The iron cannot be brought across the creek until the railroad bridge is finished or the water goes down. Small guards of from twenty-five to fifty men each have been left at New Market, Mossy Creek, Morristown, and IRussellville from the troops of this corps. These troops are to guard the railroad sta- tions and bridges. 11 p. in., Opdyckes brigade and part of Van Der- veers, of the Second Division, reached IRogersville Junction. General Elliott, commanding division, also reached there with his headquarters. The rest of the division will come forward as fast as railroad transpor- tat ion can be furnished. The transportation of the Second Division will reach the junction to-night. It is now clear, and there has been no rain since 7 a. m. April 1.1.30 a in received dispatch from Major-General Thomas, of which the followin~ is a copy: HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Major-General STANLEY, March 31, 18654 p. m. Bulls Gap: I wish to hear from you every day or two how you are progressing with the repairs of the railroad. Furnish Mr. Eicholtz with sufficient force to guard the construction corps, and on arriving at Carters Station halt for further orders, seiiding one divis- ion to Kingsport to look after the wagon road that passes down the valley on the north side of Hoiston. With one division at Kingsport, your main force at Carters Station, and Tillson in the direction of Asheville, N. C., you will effectually cover the roads leading into East Tennessee from Virginia and North Carolina. Acknowledge receipt. GEG. H. THOMAS, Major-General. 6 a. in., sent one regiment of First Division to Greeneville, about fif- teen miles east of here, to guard the railroad at that point and to keep the guerrillas out of that part of the conntry. General Tillsons divis- ion (not of Fourth Corps) is some distance beyond Greeneville, and there being none of our forces in the vicinity about 100 guerrillas made their appearance in the town yesterday p. in. Tillson is supposed to be at Brabsons, five miles beyond Greeneville. 8.30 a. in., telegraphed to General Thomas, acknowledging receipt of his dispatch of 1.30 a. in. Informed him that the large trestle and bridge, about 1,800 feet long, at this place, would be completed to-day; that seven miles and a half of railroad east of this point is entirely destroyed, including long trestles, and that the road cannot be repaired to Carters Station, on the Watauga, before the 20th of this month, and that the long Watauga trestle has been carried away by high water. Also informed him of the positions of the troops of the corps, and that the troops are rapidly getting out railroad timber, ties, & c. 1 p. in., received a letter from Brigadier-General Tillson, commanding Fourth Division, Department of the Cumberland, dated at junction of Babbs Mill road with Jones- ton and Greeneville road, March 30, in which he says: I have just received a dispatch (letter) from Major-General Stoneman. He says: Move your command to the north of Roanes Creek, where the road leaves the turnpike for Taylorsville. After you get located send a few men to Taylorsville, and about 1,000, with the smallest amount of transportation, to Boone, with direc- tions to hold Deep and Watauga Gaps. This, you will perceive, covers the whole country in our rear. If General Stanley moves forward and occupies Bristol you will be in a position to cover his right flank, as no force can pass down between Roanes Creek and the Holston River. If, with your main force at the mouth of Roanes Creek, you can by detachments hold Taylorsville, Deep and Watauga Gaps, you have accomplished all I desire at present, and I shall feel that my rear i Page 26 26 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. secure. There is but little forage in this country, and we have eaten what little there was, so you will fare badly for forage here. We cut loose to-morrow from connection with you. General Tilison also says that his trains will be up this p. m. (March 30), and that he will start early to-morrow a. m. General Stonemans letter was dated Boone, N. C., where he arrived March 28, 12 m. The next day he would pass out of the mountains with his cavalry on the grand raid. The work on the railroad progresses rapidly. The rail- road bridge will be completed to-morrow. The track layers will com- mence to lay the iron to-morrow on the track. Arrit 2.i p. in., Conrads brigade of the Second Division has just arrived at Bulls Gap. All of the troops of the corps are now in the vicinity of Bulls Gap and all of the transportation except that of Con- rads brigade. 2 p. in., a messenger came through from General Till- sonjust in. General Tillson sent word to General Stanley that he has reliable information that General Early is in command in place of General Echols; that he was at Bristol last Saturday and went back to Abingdon; that a portion of his force has come down the road from Lynchburg. The enemy report Early in heavy force, but this is not believed. The rebel general Yaughn was at Bristol a few days ago with a large body of well-mounted cavalry. About 150 guerrillas are between this place and General Tilisons command. Reliable Union men report that 400 well-mounted cavalry have been left in East Ten- nessee with orders to interrupt railroad communication as often and as thoroughly as possible. General Tillson will reach his destination in the mountain passes to-morrow. April 3.i a. in., received dispatch from Colonel Bates, commanding the regiment sent from the First Division to Greeneville, stating that the rebel cavalry (supposed to be scouting parties) was within two miles of that place, and he asks for a company of cavalry patrols. We have no cavalry and can send none. 8 a. in., telegraphed to General Thomas that a brigade of the corps would be sent to Asheville, N. C., about sixty-five miles distant, as a grand scouting party, to see what is there and to operate in favor of General Stoneman; also informed General Thomas of the fact that there are many small scouting parties of rebel cavalry in this part of East Tennessee, and asked him for some cavalry to drive them out. 9 a. in., directed General Elliott to move his division (Second) to Blue Springs, about seven miles east of this place on the road to Greeneville; to take eight days rations and to assist the telegraph party and railroad construction party in getting out poles, ties, timber for bridges, & c.; to start to-morrow at 6 a. in. 9 a. in., directed the Artillery Brigade of the corps to move to Blue Springs at daylight to-morrow. 10 a. in., ordered General Kimball to send Kirbys brigade to Asheville to-morrow, with ten days rations and forage. Lieutenant-Colonel Greenwood, assistant inspector-general, and Major Steele, aide-dc-camp, of the staff, will accompany the expe- dition, to start this p. in. 2 p. in., Kirbys brigade starts for Asheville, N. C. 2 p. in., received dispatch from General Thomas, announcing the glorious news of the capture of Richmond and Petersburg and of the retreat of Lee. 4. p. in., received dispatch from Major-General Thomas, as follows: NAsHvILLE, April 3, 18653.30 p. m. Major-General STANLEY: Keep yourself well informed of the movements of the enemy. He may possibly attempt to escape by way of East Tennessee. If so I wish to know of his move- ments at earliest possible moment. G. H. THOMAS, Major-General Page 27 NORTH ALAI3AMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 27 4.30 p. in., directed Major-General Wood to march his division for Greeneville, to start at 7 a. m. to-morrow, and when he arrives there to push his advance posts well out toward Jonesborough, and to hire scouts to get all information possible of the movements of the enemy; also directed General Wood to furnish all possible aid to the parties reconstructing the railroad. General Wood will take eight days rations and forage. 7 p. in., Conrads transportation has all arrived at Bulls Gap. This is the last transportation of the Second Division which was left behind. All of the troops and material of the corps now at the front. The railroad bridge finished over Lick Creek to-day, and the construction party will work on the Swan Pond trestle-work to-morrow. April 4.5 a. in., Artillery Brigade starts for Blue Springs. 6 a. in., General Elliotts division (Second) starts for Blue Springs. 7 a. in., General Woods division (Third) starts for Greeneville. The Artillery Brigade and Second Division will reach Blue Springs at about 11 a. in., and the Third Division will reach Greeneville, about twenty miles, at 5 p. m. Work progressing rapidly on the railroad to-day. April 5.Nothing of importance occurred to-day. The railroad track is now laid to and a short distance beyond Swan Pond. The trestle- work at said pond will be finished to-morrow. Will move corps head- quarters to Greeneville to-morrow. April 6.2 a. in., Major Steele, aide-dc-camp, returned from Colonel Kirbys expedition to Asheville; has just returned, He reports that Colonel K[irby] will reach Asheville to-day; that the roads for thirty- five miles or more this side of the town are blockaded with timber, and that the place is defended by about 2,000 men under command of the rebel General Yance; that there are strong earth-works and eighteen pieces of artillery in position. 8 a. in., telegraphed to General Wood at Greenevillealso sent order by orderlyto send one brigade at once to Warm Springs, about fifty miles this side of Asheville, to support Colonel Kirby. Colonel Kirby has been instructed not to attack the enemy unless he can do so with every prospect of success. 10 a. in., corps headquarters started for Greeneville. 1 p. ni., at Blue Springs received dispatch from Brigadier-General Tillson, which was dated Month of ILtoanes Creek, Teun., April 3,1865, in which he says to Gen- eral Stanley that he arrived at that place at 10 a. in.; that he has located and intrenched a camp there, and in the morning will send the Second and Third North Carolina Mounted Infantry, under Colonel Kirk, to Boone in the morning for the purposes mentioned in General Stonemans letter of the 31st ultimo. He will also place the Fourth Tennessee Infantry and a battalion of the First U. S. Colored Artillery at Taylorsville, to hold the roads and mountain passes near there, and then he will proceed to Boone and Deep and Watauga Gaps to make preparations to defend those places. He says that it is impossible almost to live off the country in which he is. 3 p. in., corps headquar- ters arrived at Greeneville. Major-General Wood sent Beattys brigade of his division to Jonesborough yesterday as an advance post, and he directed General Beatty to send scouts into Virginia to get any infor- mation that he could of the movements of the enemy. No news from Kirby this evening. The construction party is pushing the railroad forward as rapidly as possible. GREENEYJLLE~ EAST TENN. April 7.li a. in., received the news of Sheridans victory at Burke- ville Junction, Va. There is but one brigade of Woods division a Page 28 28 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Greeneville; Beattys is at Jonesborongli, and McConnells has gone to Warm Springs to snpportr Kirby, who is supposed to be at Asheville, K. C. No news from Kirby to-day and none from Beatty. April 8.lO a. in., sent General Tilisons dispatch, received 1 p. m. April 6, to Major-General Thomas by telegraph. 10.20 a. in., received report from General Beatty, at Jonesborough. He says that he can hear nothing of the enemy, but a few guerrillas; that he has sent a scout to Wytheville, Ya, and that there is very little forage or subsistence about Jonesborough. 1.30 p. in., received dispatch from Mr. Latimer, chief of the railroad construction corps at Lick Creek. He says that he finished Swan Pond trestle yesterday evening. It is 1,393 feet long, and he cut the timb~rs from the woods and built it in four days, not working at night. He also says that he will have the road done to Mid- way by Monday night and thinks he will have it done to Greeneville by next Friday or Saturday, about one week. 2 p. in., Lieutenant-Colonel Greenwood, assistant inspector-general, Fourth Army Corps, arrived in Greeneville. He has just returned from Asheville. Kirbys brigade will reach Greeneville on the way back about the 10th instant. He reports that Kirby reached the vicinity of Asheville, about two miles from the town, at noon on the 6th instant, He (Colonel Green- wood) with a few mounted men dashed into the edge of the town and captured five rebels, a mule wagon and teams of mules. The enemycou]d be seen forming a line of battle in the far part of the town and he retnrned to Kirbys brigade where it had halted, about a mile and a half outside of the town. Colonel Greenwood reported that there were about 400 troops and six guns only in the place. Colonel Kirby, judg- ing from the reports that he heard, was of the opinion that there were 1,000 or 1,500 men in Asheville, and 400 cavalry on his left flank and 700 on his right, so he refused to enter the town. He had instructions not to lose men in any engagement nuless he could make enough by it to pay for the loss. The enemy came out of town with a very small line of battle and fired a few shots from their skirmish line; also brought out two guns and fired a few rounds. During the night Colonel Kirby withdrew from in front of Asheville and commenced to march back for Greeneville. April 9.Nothing new to-day. The telegraph is completed this even- ing to within twelve miles of Jonesborough; will be completed to that place by noon on the 11th. The railroad is completed to.day as far as Midway Station. April 1O.10 a. in., receive news by telegraph of the surrender of Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia to General Grant. 11 a. in., the advance of Colonel Kirbys brigade arrives from Asheville. Major Steele, aide-de-camp, who accompanied Colonel K[irby], reports that citizens and deserters from the rebels report that General Stoneman was on the railroad near Salisbury, N. C., on the 2d instant, tearing up the road and advancing on that place- also that Colonel Lyons [Loves] Legion, consisting of 800 infantry, 400 Indians, one four-gun battery, and about 450 cavalry, were stationed at Quallatown, N 0., preparing for a raid on the Knoxville and Chattanooga Railroad at London or Charles- ton. This information was at once telegraphed to General Thomas. Refugees who have just come in from Asheville report that there were about 400 men and five guns in that place when Colonel Kirby was before it. The railroad construction corps is working up in this direc- tion as rapidly as possible. April 11.Nothing of importance to-day. 9 a. in., commenced to rain. 1 p. in., telegraph wire is up as far as Jonesborough. Genera Page 29 NORTH ALABAMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 29 Beatty sends word from Jonesborough that all of the rebel force that was about Bristol and vicinity has gone to Wytheville, and it appears to be trying to get out of the country. 11 p. in., it has been raining most of the day and yet continues to rain. April 12.Nothing new or of importance to-day. 11 p. in., it has been raining hard most of the day and is yet raining. The rain retards the work on the railroad very much. April 13.8 a. in., the rain has now ceased. It has been rainy most of the time for the past two days and nights, and the roads are in mis- erable condition. 7 p. in., commenced to rain again. April 14.Nothing of importance to-day. 10 p. in., has been raining ever since yesterday evening, but not hard. The work on the railroad will be much retarded by the rain and mud. April 15.2 p. in., it has now ceased raining. Has been raining almost ever since 7 p. m. of the 13th instant. The work on the railroad isso much interrupted that the construction party #ill not reach Greene- yule before Wednesday evening next, the 19th instant. 3p. in., received a dispatch from General Thomas, dated Nashville, Tenn., April 15, as follows: Major-General STANLEY: Eicholtz may as well work deliberately along and repair the road in the best man- ner. We have possession of Lynchburg, therefore there is no particular hurry. I wish you to use every exertion to prevent depredations of all sorts on the part of the soldiers, as I desire if possible not to have to distribute guards along the road. We have sad news this morning of the assassination last night of President Lincoln and Secretary Seward. April 16.Nothing new to-day. Quite bright and clear. April 17.General Stanley went down to Knoxville to-day. Noth- ing new. Work progresses on the railroad as rapidly as possible. April 18.S p. in., received at corps headqnarters a dispatch from General Stanley, at Knoxville, stating that the corps has been ordered to Nashville by railroad. The following is a copy of a telegram received by General Stanley in reference to the movement: HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMEERLAND, Nashville, April 17, l8658 .45 p. m. Major-General STANLEY: Immediately upon receipt of this take measures to bring your corps to this place by rail, shipping one brigade at a time. Do not have the men crowded on the cars, and take proper precaution to prevent depredations along the road at the different depots. The necessary instructions will be given to General Tillson to post his troops so as to put down guerrillas and preserve order in East Tennessee. His troops will relieve yours. Use dispatch, but do not hurry. We have Selma, with all the arsenals and military workshops. Canby has also taken Mobile, according to reports. GEO. H. THOMAS, Major- General. April 19.Orders were telegraphed to General Kimball yesterday by General Stanley to move to Bulls Gap and ship his troops at once for Nashville; to send all of his transportation to Knoxville by dirt road and ship it from there to Nashville. General Kimball commenced to ship his division (First) to-day for Nashville. Orders were issued to-day for Generals Woods and Elliotts divisions to move at once to Bulls Gap to ship on the cars by brigade as soon as the cars can be there; to send all of their transportation to Knoxville, where it will be shipped by railroad; and directions were given division commanders to see that no depredations shall be committed by the troops on th Page 30 30 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., Th & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. route. General Elliotts division will start for Bulls Gap at once, and General Woods will start in a day or two, as soon as General Till- sons trOOl)5 relieve him. Two captains and eighty-four men of Yanglins rebel command came into this place to-day. They bring the information, which is undoubted, that the rebel General Echols, com- manding the Department of Southwest Virginia and East Tennessee, has disbanded his troops, telling all to go home who will not volunteer to go west of the Mississippi. There are from 10,000 to 15,000 troops in his department. Only about 400 volunteered to go west of the Mis- sissippi. Echols had sixteen pieces of field artillery. These he destroyed by spiking the gnus and chopping the woodwork. There is no organized rebel force left in Virginia. The disbandment of Echols command is the result of Lees surrender. The Artillery Brigade will move to Knoxville, to ship on cars, to-morrow. April 20.General Kimballs division moving and Elliotts commenc- ing to ship. ReceiVed orders to move corps headquarters on the 23d instant. The Artillery Brigade started for Knoxville this a. m. April 21.The railroad finished to this point at 8 a. m. to-day. Received information to-day that General Kimballs division is now arriving by railroad at Nashville. General Tillsons troops are arriving at Greeneville, and will to-day relieve General Woods command. Noth- ing of importance to-day. April 22.5 a. in., General Woods division is now just starting, en route for Bulls Gap, for the purpose of shipping On the cars. Nothing of importance to-day. April 23.9 a. in., corps headquarters leaves for Nashville per rail- road. 9 p. in., arrive at Knoxville. The Artillery Brigade starts from Knoxville per railroad this evening. LOUDON~ TENN. April 24.8 a. in., arrive at London. Will reach Chattanooga this p. m. 7 p. in., arrive at Chattanooga. STEvENSON, ALA. April 25.6 a. in., reach Stevenson. 9.30 p. in., reach Nashville, Tenn. The Second Division (Elliotts) is arriving at Nashville to-day. The Artillery Brigade arriving in Nashville to-night. NEAR NASHVILLE, TENN. April 26.S a. in., establish corps headquarters about four miles from Nashville, on the Charlotte pike. The last of the Second Division is arriving in Nashville to-day; also the last of the Artillery Brigade. Kimballs division is in camp about five miles from Nashville, on the Charlotte pike; Elliotts about five miles from Nashville on the Hardin pike. April 27.General Stanley arrived here at 2 oclock this morning from Knoxville. General Woods division (Third) is arriving to-day and going into camp on the Murfreesborough pike, about six miles from Nashville, Tenn Page 31 NORTH ALABAMA AND EAST TENNESSEE. 31 No. 3. Report qf Got. Isaac ill. Kirby, One hundred and first Ohio Infantry, commanding First Brigade, First Division. llnQRs. FIRST BRIG-., FIRsT DIV., FOURTH ARMY CORPS, Lick Greek, Tenn., Aprit 13, 1865. I have the honor to report the operations of this brigade in obedience to orders from headquarters Fourth Army Corps, dated April 3, 1865, directing me to go on a scout in the direction of Asheville, N. C. At 2 p. m. April 3, 1865, I marched, with three days rations in the haversack and seven in wagons, on the dirt road leading by Midway Station, across the Nola Chucky Creek at Allens Bridge, striking the Greeneville and Asheville road at a point ten miles from Greeneville; thence on that road to Paint Rock, a narrow pass where the road strikes the French Broad River. At this place I concluded to leave twenty- five men to hold the pass until my return, and moved on up the river to Warm Springs, bivouacking for the night, April 4. The next morning moved on up the river, and when about four miles distant from the springs three deserters from the force at Asheville reported to me, one of them a lieutenant, whom the loyal citizens informed me they had kept in the enemys service for the purpose of giving them timely warning of danger. This lieutenant informed me that there was a force at Asheville, numbering about 2,000 men and near twenty guns, twelve of these guns being Napoleons; also that there were about 600 men of Thomas command on the mountain road leading from Waynesville to Warm Springs, arid that one John Brown had a company, thirty or forty men (these men showed themselves frequently), on the opposite side of the river from Warm Springs. I had also learned that the enemy had rumors that Kirk was approaching via Burnsville, and had sent a force in that direction to meet him. The river through this country is a succession of rapids, running through a narrow pass in the mountains,the sides of which are very precipitous and high; the road is cut in the side of the mountain or built out in the river, gener- ally but two or three feet above the water, and for miles at a stretch too narrow for wagons to pass each other~ much less turn round. After consultation with Lieutenant-Colonel Greenwood and Maj. John W. Steele, of Major-General Stanleys staff, I concluded, there being great danger that my horses might all be shot down, thereby endangering the safety of my artillery (two guns, Battery G, First Ohio, Lieutenant Newell commanding) and wagons, to send artillery and wagons, under guard of Twenty-first Illinois and One hundred and first Ohio, back to the Springs to remain until further orders~ and, with four days rations in the haversack, push on in the direction of Asheville; and, if it was true that Colonel Kirk was coming up by the Burnsville road, assist him; at all events ascertain more particulars in regard to the enemy. Major Steele volunteered to return to corps headquarters and report all that we had learned. Accordingly at 12 m. I pushed on in the direction of Asheville. I found the road blockaded to quite an extent with rocks and fallen timber as far up as Marshall, causing a good deal of labor to get through it. At Marshall I learned that accurate information of our force had been sent forward from Warm Springs to Asheville, and also learned that the party sent out to Burnsville to meet Colonel Kirk had returned and blockaded that road. The next day I pushed on up the river, burned the bridge over the French Broad at Alex- anders, ten miles below Asheville, and another bridge over the sam Page 32 32 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. stream four miles below Asheville, and about 3 p. m. found the enemy in position about one mile and a half from Asheville and occupying the high hills on the left or north of the road. Lieutenant-Colonel Greenwood with an improvised mounted force, consisting of officers and orderlies, dashed into the edge of town. Lieu- tenant-Colonel Yeoman, Ninetieth Ohio, who had the advance, sent me word that he was pushing on into town. I sent him word that the enemy was on his left, and ordered him to halt until I came up. When I reached him the enemy had already pushed ont his skirmishers and had opened fire on Colonel Yeoman. I ordered the brigade into position and pushed forward skirmishers. The enemy met me with a line of skirmishers of about 300 men, and opened fire with three guns. I drove back the left of his skirmish line, and then discovered that he was pnshing a skirmish line around toward the road I marched upon, in my rear. I was compelled to change position and examine more closely the position of the enemy. I found him occupying two very high hills, which were very difficult of approach with my small force. Prisoners taken here reported that General Martin was in command, with not less than 1,000 men and six guns, and could be re-enforced before morning with 400 or 500 more men from the south side of the river. Just at dark a negro man reported to me that he had come that day from a rebel force of about 300 men that was then encamped on Ivy Creek, about two miles from a bridge on that creek, which I had crossed early in the morning. This bridge was of vital importance to me, because if destroyed it would cause me a good deal of delay to recross the stream, and 300 men in my rear along that mountain pass road could add still further delay to me~ besides I had no other rations than what were in the haversack, nor was there enough to be found on the road from Paint Rock to Ashe- ville to subsist 100 men one day, and having positive orders not to sacrifice the life of one man for the town of Asheville, and a heavy storm having set in which bid fair to continue longer than the night (a rise of~ three feet in the French Broad River would have made the road im- passable for the distance of forty-two miles), I consulted with Colonel Yeoman and other officers and concluded that the enemy meant fight and that I could not whip him with my force900 menwithout a hard fight, which could only result in driving him without a capture of any considerable amount, and, being anxious to secure the bridge across Ivy Creek, I ordered the withdrawal of the brigade at 8 p. m. In my opinion General Martin had under his immediate command at Asheville not less than 1,000 men and six guns, consisting in part of the Sixty- second, Sixty-fourth, and Sixty-ninth North Carolina Regiments, Hen- rys battalion, Teagues and Keiths commands, and other independent companies, a few militia, and a South Carolina battery of 125 men. I am also of opinion, and was at the time, that the town could have been easily occupied at the risk of leaving the enemy on the road in my rear; which I did not think prudent. On my return to Ivy Creek I received a dispatch from Major Steele, saying that he [was] marching to Warm Springs with Colonel McConnells brigade, Third Division. I halted one day and night at Ivy Creek, and sent word to Major Steele that if he understood it to be General Stanleys desire to have Asheville taken to order forward that brigade, with the balance of my men, wagons, and guns, and that I would wait until a certain hour for them. I did wait two honrs later than the hour specified, and then continued my march to the rear. Found Colonel McConnell at Warm Springs, who immedi- ately started on his return to camp, and I continued my march, via Greeneville, to my camp at Lick Creek, reaching here April 11. I foum Page 33 SKIRMISH AT LADDS HOUSE, HOG JAW VALLEY, ALA. 33 qnite a number of Union families iii the mountains of North Carolina, who manifested great joy at the sight of the old flag. There are but few men belonging to these families at home. I also learned that a force of the enemy, about 2,000 strong, had been started oat from Waynesville with the intention of striking the Knoxville railroad at London, when, hearing of our march into North Carolina, they were halted at Quallatown. I had no men killed and only two men wounded, they quite seriously. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, I. M. KIRBY, Colonel 101st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Commanding. Capt. En. D. MASON, Assistant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 1, 1865.Skirmish in lYfoLemores Cove, Tenn. Report of Lieut. Col. George A. Gowin, Sixth Tennessee Mounted Infantry. IIJNGGOLD, February 2, 1865. After leaving camp yesterday morning I learned that Gatewood was in MeLemores Cove with seventy-five meii. I therefore marched up the cove road, I being upon his rear during the evening without letting him know that I was there. I waited for him to camp. About 10 oclock at night I attacked his camp and made a smash of him, killing a number, capturing several horses, guns, & c. I took no prisoners. I was attacked by a squad of bushwhackers to-day. We killed two. I have lost no men, nor had any wounded. G. A. GO WIN, Lieutenant- Colonel, Comdg. Sixth Tennessee Mounted Infantry. Major-General STEEBMAN. FEBRUARY 34, 1865.Skirmish at Ladds House, Hog Jaw Valley, Ala. Report of fZlol. Felix Prince Salin, Sixty-eighth New York Infantry. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Bridgeport, Ala., February 6, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to report to you that one of my scouting parties met a gang of guerrillas in Hog Jaw Valley, near B. Ladds house; they came to fight and one of the bushwhaekers, named Frank Howard, was severely wounded and died a few hours afterward. No information could be obtained from him, he being senseless until his death. The rest of the gang skedaddled to the mountains without returning the fire. The above happened during the night of the 3d to the 4th instant. Most respectfully submitted. FELIX PR. SALM, Colonel Comma Maj. ~. B. MOE, ndi~ Post. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Dist. of the Etowah, Chattanooga, Teun. 3 R RVOL XLIX, PT Page 34 34 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. FEBRUARY 5, 1865.Skirmish near McMinnville, Tenn. Report of Capt. Howard N~ Woley, Forty-second Missouri Infantry. FEBRUARY 5, 1865. I have the honor to report to you the history of our engagement with some of the Southeru chivalry. They were supposed to be the notori- ous Perdham, together with some other bands of desperadoes, as their combined numbers were full 100. We followed them all day, or until about 3 p. in., when we came ou their camp in the mountains. They had picked their position and had made a good selection, and were it not for their condition they might have held their position for awhile. They were posted along a gulch running south to the brow of a hill. They were also in line along the hill. As Captain Lewis came up in the advance they poured a heavy fire into our advance as we ascended the hill where they were posted. Most of our officers being in the front, Capt. N. M. Floyd, of the Fifth Tennessee Cavalry, was severely wounded, also two soldiers belonging to the same regiment. The boys of the Forty-second were uninjured, except by slight scratches and bullet holes in their clothes. The rebels left so rapidly that it was impossible for us, on worn-out horses, to overtake them. On examina- tion we found two dead horses, and from indications two men were killed or severely wounded and taken off the field by their comrades. Captain Lewis says he can hold the country and scatter the rebels all through. He thinks a few more of the Forty-second would be accept- able, as the home guards will not all do to tie to. We go to McMinn- ville from here. By order of Captain Lewis, commanding scout. Your obedient servant, H. N. WOLEY, Captain. Colonel STAUBER. FEBRUARY 6,1865.Affair at Corns Farm, Franklin County, Tenn. Report of Capt. William H. Lewis, Forty-second Missouri Infantry. HEADQUARTERS IN THE FIELD, Hilisborough, Teun., February 6, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report the capture of 3 horses, saddles and bridles, 3 gum blankets, 2 pairs of saddle-bags filled with clothes, 1 revolver, 1 Mississippi rifle, besides the killing of John iRaigan at Jack Corns farm in Franklin County, 12 miles from llillsborough, by Lieu- tenant ilaines, of Company K, Forty-second Missouri Infantry Volun- teers. At 12 p. m. last night I received information of Perdham and two of his men at Corns. The lieutenant with three of my men and three of the Hillsborough Home Guards went in pursuit. At Strick. lands he dismounted and proceeded to ~ house. On account of the family stubbornly opposing his sleeping in the house, Perdliam went to the barn and all three went to sleep. The lieutenant, in approaching the barn, frightened Perdhams horses, which aroused Perdham and Stearns, who dashed off barefooted and without coats or hats, and made their escape, but IRaigan was shot before he got out of his nest. WILLIAM H. LEWIS, Captain, Commanding Scout in Field. Major-General MILROY Page 35 SKIRMISH AT BRADFORDSVILLE, KY. 35 FEBRUARY 7, 186~.Scout on the Hernando Road, Tenn. Report of Cot. John McConnell, Fifth Illinois Cavalry, commanding First Brigade, Cavalry Division, Department of the Mississippi. HEADQUARTERS FIRST BRIGADE, CAVALRY DIVISION, Camp ,S1kanks, near Memphis, Tenn., February 7, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report that the mounted patrol (Lieutenant Jones, First Mississippi Cavalry, commanding), sent out this morning on the Hernando road, went about ten miles south and heard of a squad of fifteen or twenty rebels a short distance ahead. They were pursued five or six miles by our men, but were not overtaken. From citizens and negroes they also heard of several other small squads in that vicinity (all belonging to Forrests command). They further learned that the headquarters of the several squads was at the house of Mrs. Heldiubraud, about fourteen miles from Memphis, between the Hernando and Hollow Ford roads. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN MCCONNELL, Colonel Fifth Regiment illinois Cavalry, Commanding Brigade. Capt. E. J. MEYERS, Acting Assistant Adjutant- Ceneral, Cavalry Division. FEBRUARY 89, 1865.Affair at New Market (8th), skirmish at Brad fordsville (8th), and skirmish at Hustonville (9th), Ky. REPORTS. No. 1Brig. Gen. Edward H. Hobson, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, Military District of Kentucky. No. 2.Maj. Thomas Mahoney, Thirtieth Kentucky Infantry. No. 1. Report ~f. Brig. Gen. Edward H. Hobson, U. ~. Army, commanding First Division, Military District of Kentucky. HDQRS. FIRST DJVI~ION, MILITARY DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY, Lexington, Ky., February 9, 1865. I have the honor to report that a train of nine wagons was captured yesterday morning at ii oclock at New Market by guerrillas, number- ing forty-five, and burned by them. Three of the train guards were killed and four captured and taken to Bradfordsville, where they were mimurdered by the guerrillas under Captain Clarke. Major Mahoney fol- lowed the guerrillas from Lebanon and fought them at Bradfordsville with thirty-five men of the invalid corps. Detachments stationed at Crab Orchard, Campbellsville, Columbia, one at Danville, one at Stan- ford, Lebanon, Lawrenceburg, all moved out after them, leaving citizens to guard town. This morning at ~ oclock the detachment from Stan- ford, under Captain Bridgewater, of State force, attacked the guerrillas on Little South Fork, west of Hustonville; killed 4, captured 35 horses and equipments; ran 30 or 35 of their men into the woods, most of whom were barefooted; only 7 got away mounted. Captain Clarke escape Page 36 36 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & w. FLA. barefooted, but our men in tliree detachments are hnnting for them and with good prospect of finding them as the snow is fresh on the ground. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. II. HOBSON, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Capt. J. BATES DICKSON, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Military District of Kentucky, Lexington, Ely. No. 2. Reports of Miaj. Thomas Mahoney, Thirtieth Kentucky Infantry. LEBANON, Ky., February 8, 1865. Guerrillas going toward ilustonville. We fought them as far as Bradfordsville; they have some forty-five men; we had thirty-five. They fought desperately; charged us at Bradfordsville. Most of my force was the invalid corps; could not master horses and load their long guns. I expect some of my men to-night, when I will try and head them off. Send me word if you learn their course. MAHONEY, Major. Brigadier-General HOBSON. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Lebanon, Ky., February 16, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to forward the following statement, with the accompanying document,* for your consideration: On the 8th of this month the guerrillas passed around this place, killing seven men of my regiment at or near New Market, burning several wagons and killing the mules. Having no mounted men here I pressed some horses in order to send after guerrillas and save the other part of the train, which was some distance ahead of that part they captured. My men caught up with them some place near New Market, fought them across the country toward Bradfordsville road, and then to Bradfordsville, where guerrillas made a stand. My men dismouiited; guerrillas charged, and in the excitement some of Captain Hortons men let their horses get away, which ran to the guerrillas. Captain Horton then drew off his men without consulting Captain Searcy, who had but twelve men with him. Thus the chase was given up. Captain Bridge- water captured E. G. Chandlers horse, which he got back, but lost his saddle and bridle. Your servant, T. MAHONEY, Major Thirtieth Kentucky. Captain BUTLER, Assistant Adjutant-General, First Division. * Qmitte4 as unimportant Page 37 SKIRMISH NEAR MEMPHIS, TENN. 37 FEBRUARY 9, 1865.Skirmish near Memphis, Tenn. Report of Licut. Col. Hugh Cameron, Second Arkansas Cavalry (Union), commanding Pourth Brigade, Cavalry Division, District of West Ten- nessee. HEADQUARTERS FOURTH BRIGADE, CAVALRY DIVISION, Pebruary 9, 1865. COLONEL: 1 have the honor to report that the escort having charge of the wood train from this brigade was attacked this morning at 8 oclock about the time it arrived in the wood-yard one and one-quarter miles outside the pickets by a party of rebels believed to be seventy- five in number. The escort comprised seventeen mounted Second Arkansas Cavalry, twelve dismounted Second Missouri Cavalry, and eleven dismounted First Iowa Cavalry, making forty men, commanded by Second Lient. Laban N. Garrett, Company A, Second Arkansas Cavalry. At 8.30 oclock I received information by messenger that the escort had been driven back and the train captured. I at once sent messengers to division headquarters with the information and for orders and immediately ordered out all the cavalry of the brigade. My messengers, returning, met me near the Carr avenue picket about 9 oclock, bringing orders for me to pursue the rebels some distance beyond where the train was captured. I pushed forward as fast as possible ten miles on the rebel trail, but did not overtake any of the party. Had my men been mounted on serviceable horses I might have overtaken and severely chastised them. The trail was through the woods in the direction of Hernando, as far as I followed it. Doctor Raines, living about one mile west of the ilernando road and ten miles from the city of Memphis, informed me that the rebel force passed his house on the way to the wood-yard at 4 a. m. and returned with the captured mules at 9.15 a. m. in a hurry; that they divided just before they reached his place, thirty-five or forty passing his house, and the remainder turning to the right and making for a skirt of timber south- west of his house, through which the Mississippi and Tennessee Rail- road passes. I abandoned pursuit, satisfied that I could accomplish nothing with my broken-down horses, and determined to return. Dividing my detach- ment of sixty-six men, I ordered Captain OBrien back over the road we came with thirty-three men, and with the remainder I returned by the ilernando road. On reaching the Hernando road I captured Doctor Gabbert, who said he lived in the vicinity ~f ilernando, and supposing that he might give important information I brought him along. I have turned him and the property captured with him over to the provost- marshal. A negro moving his family to Memphis told me that he passed a rebel force having a large number of mules with them about twelve miles from ilernando; he supposed about 11 oclock. In the encounter at the wood-yard our casualties were 1 sergeant, Second Arkansas Cav- alry, killed; 1 man, Second Missouri Cavalry, mortally wounded, and 3 slightly; 1 man, of the First Iowa Cavalr severely wounded; 1 man, of the Second Missouri Cavalry, prisoner- also 5 teamsters, Second Arkansas Cavalry, prisoners. Loss of property, 111 U. S. mules in harness. Rebel casualties, as far a ascertained, 1 man killed, from whose person was taken, it is reported, a cotton pass dated February 8, 1865, and a letter containing valuable information. I have delayed this report, expecting to be able to get said cotton pass and letter and forward them with it, but have failed. I have placed the lieutenan Page 38 38 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. commanding the escort in arrest for neglecting to take possession of said papers, and have no doubt that he deserves to be punished for care- lessness and inefficiency ;~ for the result of his operations in the wood- yard, it seems to me, proves him to be both careless and inefficient. I have the honor to be, colonel, respectfully, your obedient servant, HUGH CAMERON, Lient. Col. Second Arkansas Cavalry, Comdg. Fourth Brigade. Col. JOHN E. PHELPS, Second Arkansas Cavalry, Comdg. Cavalry Division. FEBRUARY 10, 1865.Affair near Triune, Tenn. Report of Capt. Robert H. Clinton, Tenth Tennessee Infantry. NASHVILLE, TENN., February 12, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to make the following report: In obedience to orders received from Major-General IRoussean, com- manding military district, I proceeded on the 9th of Febrnary, at tip. in., withaforceofthirty-fiveinenbelonging tothe Fourteenth TennesseeCav- alry (of Capt. J. L. Postons company) to the house of one Charles Luster, thirty miles south of Nashville, at which place, according to information, there was to be a ball at which some twenty guerrillas were to be present. Nine miles from this city, on the Nolensyille pike, I searched the house of a widow named Patterson, whose son is a bushwhacker and said to be the leader of a gang infesting that immediate neighborhood. I found one man in bed. The guide knowing nothing of him, I did not think it necessary to arrest him. In searching the house the men found two shotguns, one Derringer pistol, and one carbine. I ordered them to be destroyed. They were loaded and ready for use. I then proceeded on the march, passing through Triune at 11.30 p. in., arriv- ing at Lusters house at 12.40 a. m. A quarter of a mile from the house I halted the command and dismounted, leaving ten men to hold the horses; with the other twenty-five I proceeded across the fields, and when within fifty yards of the house I divided the command, sending twelve men under Captain Poston to the left. With the other thirteen 1 went to the right with orders to form a circle around the house upon reaching it. When within about twenty steps of the house I discov- ered some eight or ten negroes around a fire. One of them ran from the fire to the house to give the alarm, hallooing, The soldiers are coming 1 1 had previously given orders for the men not to fire unless we were fired on. Notwithstanding that the negro had given the alarm, we were so close to the house that they had not time to make their escape before we had it surrounded. They were commanded to come out. As soon as that command was given some one in the house fired upon two men who were trying to force open the back door, powder burning the face of one man and wounding the other slightly on the hand. Our men, seeing them rush out of the house, breaking through our lines, fired upon those who were trying to make their escape, and I learned the next morning that four of them were killed on the spot, and one wounded died subsequently. By morning all the dead were conveyed away, only one being found, and he was discovered on an adjacent hill a quarter of a mile from the house. I believe that the citizens had the dead and wounded conveyed away in order to concea Page 39 SKIRMISH IN JOHNSONS CROOK, GA. 39 the fact of there having been guerrillas at the partyd One McCrairy, supposed to be loyal, informs us that there were certainly five guerril- las there, or at least strange men that he knows nothing of. If any innocent person was hurt, all I can say is, it was from their being in bad company. My having been ordered there to capture a party of guerrillas and finding so large a crowd of men there who fired upon us first, it was but natural that we should return the fire, and if any. innocent person was hurt I cannot think that it is my fault, having obeyed the orders I received, and performed my duty. On the road back on the night of the 10th, about two miles this side of Triune, in turning a hill we encountered a band of seven mounted guerrillas about 600 yards off. We gave chase and at one time nearly overtook them, but, they being on fresh horses and ours completely jaded, after a chase of four miles I abandoned tkiem and returned to Nashville. I brought in four prisoners, but upon investigation I turned two of them loose, retaining the other two, one of whom, E. F. Haynes, being charged with guerrillaing and pointing out Union men and urging upon Hoods men to burn their houses and hang them; the other, Albert Rutledge, being charged as accessory to the murder of a Union man named Hibbs. In conversing with the citizens I found but very little Union sentiment, a disregard for their oaths and a disposition to harbor and protect the guerrillas, and especially so in the case of the Widow Patterson, nine miles from Nashville, who has a son marauding in her neighborhood. I have the honor, major, to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. H. CLINTON, Major POLK, Captain, Tenth Tennessee linfantry. Assistant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 10, 1865.Skirmish in Johnsons Crook, Ga. RI~JPORTS. No. l.Maj. Gen. James B. Steedman, U. S. Army, commanding District of the Etowali. No. 2.Col. Felix Prince Saim, Sixty-eighih New York Infantry. No. 1. Report of Maj. Gem. James B. Steedman, U. S. Army, commanding Dis trict of the Etowah. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF TIlE ETOWAH, Chattanooga, February 12, 1865. Col. Felix Prince Salm, Sixty-eighth New York Volunteers, surprised Witherspoons company, in Johnsons Crook, at 2 a. m. of the 10th instant. He killed 3, wounded 5, captured Captain Countiss, Twenty- first Georgia tiegiment, and 15 men, amongst them Witherspoons brother; 30 stand of arms, and 23 horses. Colonel Salm returned to camp without the loss of a man. JAS. B. STEEDMAN, Brig. Gen. W. D. WHIPPLE, ]Jfajor-General. Assistant Adjutant- General Page 40 40 KY.~ S. W, YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 2. Report of Col. Felix Prince Satin, Sixty-eighth New York Infantry. BRIDGEPORT, February 11, 1865. I have the honor to report to you that I have just returned from the expedition I asked permission for from you. I surprised Witherspoons company in Johnsons Crook. The surprise was complete. I attacked on the 10th instant, at 2 a. in., killed 3, wounded 5, captured Captaiu Countiss, Twenty-first Georgia, and 15 men, amongst them Wither- spoons brother; 30 stand of arms, and 23 horses. Witherspoons camp is entirely broken up by this blow. No loss on our part. A written report will follow.* FELIX PR. SALM, Colonel, Commanding. Maj. S. B. MOE, Assistant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 13, 1865.Action at Station Four, Fla. IUEPOII{TS. No. 1.Maj. Edmund C. Weeks, Second Florida Cavalry (Union). No. 2.Maj. Gen. Samuel Jones, C. S. Army, commanding District of Florida. No. 3.Capt. John J. Dickison, Second Florida Cavalry, commanding South Florida Forces. No. 1. Report of Maj. Edmund C. Weeks, Second Florida Cavalry (Union). IIEADQMARTERS U. S. FORCES, Cedar Keys, Fla., February 16, 1865. SIn: I have the honor to report for the information of the command- ing general that an expedition was made by the forces under my com- mand, consisting of 186 men of the Second Regiment Florida Cavalry and 200 men of the Second Regiment U. S. Colored Infantry, under Major Lincoln, through Levy County to Levyville and Clay Landing, agreeably to the plan submitted to you in my letter of the 8th of Feb- ruary, 1865. Left this post Wednesday morning, February 8, 1865; six miles from Station Four succeeded in capturing 3 men and 4 horses, a portion of a cavalry picket of seven men stationed at Yearty~s. Hurried to Levyville in one day. Arrived there Friday morning, February 10, and captured 10 horses, some 50 contrabands, and a wagon. The force under Major Lincoln surprised, but did not succeed in capturing, the company at Clay Landing; they made their escape across the river in boats. He destroyed a good amount of commissary stores and other Government supplies. The road to Bronson being most of the way through swamp, and being obliged to detach the most of one company to guard prisoners and contrabands, I concluded to return to Station Four. Upon leaving Levyville my rear guard was attacked by a squad of fifteen cavalrymen; two of my men were wounded, one severely. The enemy lost at least one man and several horses. I was not molested * Not found Page 41 ACTION AT STATION FOUR, FLA. 41 again during my march, although their scouts were constantly in sight in our rear. Arrived at Station Four at 3 p. m. on Sunday, February 12, with 100 head of cattle, several wagons, 50 contrabands, 13 horses, 5 prisoners, and every man I took out with me; all in excellent spirits. Sent the prisoners to Depot Key, posted pickets, left Capt. E. Pease, Sec- ond U. S. Colored Infantry, in command, and then went to the Key for the purpose of hurrying np transportation for the wounded soldiers, con- trabands, and the beef; aiid also to make preparations more complete to flnish the raid to Bay Port which I had commenced. At 7 [oclock] Monday morning, February 13, heard heavy firing at Station Four. Returned there as soon as possible; found our men flying in all direc- tions; left an officer to halt and bring them up. Upon arriving at the trestle this side of Station Four I found some sixty of the Second Florida Cavalry. 1 immediately pushed tnem across the bridge (the enemy were in possession of the end next to Station Four). At this time Captain Pease, with about forty men, all that remained with him, charged at the enemy who were making an attack on our camp. The enemy, from 250 to 300 strong, with two pieces of artillery, commenced giving way. We took the bridge, and as soon as possible after cross- ing I deployed my men on the right and left of the road as skirmishers; drove the enemy gradually back until they broke and took to flight. I followed them about two miles; in ounted some half dozen men, under Lieutenant Poole, Second Florida Cavalry, with orders to follow them until they halted for the night. (In the meantime I sent our wounded to Depot Key.) He followed them six miles, to Veartys, where he could see they were re-enforced by a large body of infantry and were again marching out to meet us, moving down toward Station Foar. I had collected and organized our scattered forces, and found I had about 250 men. With that small force, considering the condition they were in, I did not deem it prudent to receive a night attack. I crossed the bridge, and about twenty minutes afterward the enemy moved into our camp. I have since learned that General Miller arrived with 500 infan- try and four pieces of artillery. The fight lasted from 7 a. m. to 12 m. The casualties on our side amounted to 1 officer wounded (Second Lieut. T. Killean, jr., Company G, Second U. S. Colored infantry), 5 privates killed, 6 corporals and 11 privates wounded, 1 first sergeant and 2 privates taken prisoners. I have not ascertained the losses of the enemy, though they left 2 of their killed on the field. Very respectfully, your obedi~nt servant, EDMUND C. WEEKS, Miajor Second Florida Cavalry, Comm ~ndi~~i Post. Capt. E. B. TRACY, A. A. A. U., Hdqrs. Dist. of Key West and Tortugas, Key West. No. 2. Report of Maj. Gen. Samuel Jones, 0. 5. Army, commanding District of Florida. HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DISTRICT OF FLORIDA, Tallahassee, February 17, 1865. COLONEL: On the night of the 9th instant it was reported to me that the enemy had crossed from Cedar Keys and marched some ten miles into the country, capturing some seven men of the cattl Page 42 42 KY., S. W. YA, TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. battalion. The next day they were reported in force at Levyville, with infantry, cavalry, and artillery, and marching in the direction of Newnansyille. I directed Captain Dickison, of the Second Florida Cavalry, who had just returned from a most successful raid east of the Saint Johns, to endeavor to get in the rear, and concentrated as large a force as I could at Newnansville. The enemy meeting, perhaps, more opposition than they had anticipated, fell back, and were followed by Captain Dickison, who attacked them on the mainland, near Cedar Keys; and though his force was outnumbered bythe enemy by more than five to one, the enemy retreated to Cedar Keys, after a sharp skirmish, leaving a portion of their dead on the field. Captain Dickison reports that he killed and wounded between sixty and seventy,, and captured a few, with very slight loss on his part. I have heretofore frequently had occasion to report the gallant and valuable services of Captain iDickison and his command, and to present the captain, as Ii do now, ~o the favorable notice of the Government. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, SAM. JONES, Major- General, Commanding. Col. T. B. Roy, Assistant Adjutant- General, Charleston. No. 3. Report of Capt. John J. Dickison, Second Florida Cavalry, command ing South Florida Forces. HEADQUARTERS SOUTH FLORIDA FORCES, Camp Baker, February 18, 1865. MAJOu: I have the honor to submit the following statement of an engagement with the enemy at No. 4, on the morning of the 13th instant: On the evening of 9th instant, the day upon which I returned from an expedition on the east side of the Saint Johns, I received intel- ligence that the enemy, in large force, had emerged from cover of their vessels of war at Cedar Keys, and were advancing rapidly into the interior. Simultaneous with the reception of the above intelligence, a report, which I then deemed correct, but which subsequently proved incorrect, reached me to the effect that the enemy was again making demonstrations in the direction of the Saint Johns. This report pre- vented me from marching in the direction of Levyville until the follow- ing morning, when, with about ninety of my cavalry, consisting of fifty-two men of Company H, Second Florida, commanded by Lieuten- ants McCardell and McEaddy; Company B of same regiment, with eighteen men, commanded by Lieutenants NeLeod and Stephens; Com- pany H, Fifth Florida Battalion, commanded by Lieutenants ilaynes, Brantley, and ilaile, with twenty men; also Captain Lutterloh, of Special Battalion, with eighteen men, and the following detachments of State troops, commanded by Captains King, Dudley, Price, and Water- son, with about thirty-seven menmaking the whole 145 men, but only 120 were actually engaged, the remaining number being on picket and holding horseswith one piece of artillery, I started in pursuit of the enemy. Not receiving any positive information as to the precise where- abouts of the enemy, and my horses being very much jaded, and m Page 43 SCOUT FROM NASHVILLE, TENN. - 43 officers and men fatigued from being in the saddle for ten days and i~ights, we marched until we reached a point about five miles east of Levyville. There I ascertained, by dispatching an advance guard, charged with the duty of following immediately in the wake of the enemy, who was then retreating toward No. 4, where he had reached and was lodged, as he thought, securely in his stronghold. Early after the dawn of day, in the morning of the 13th instant, I again took np the line of march, and at 7 a. m. the picket of the enemy fired upon my advance while near the Florida Railroad, at a point near the burnt houses known as the Geiger house. The engagement soon became general, and lasted for about three hours and a half during which time the enemy was defeated at all points; and the entire force, numbering about 600 in all, would have been slaughtered or captured but for the fact that ammunition for my artillery and some small-arms was entirely exhausted. The enemy occupied a position decidedly superior to that of ours, and although there was a disparity of numbers, in the ratio of five to one, the valor and intrepidity and superior prowess of my command caused the enemy to be defeated. Immediately after I fell back, induced, as I have stated above, by the lack of ammunition, and likewise on account of the fact that heavy re-enforcements had reached the enemy from Cedar Keys, he left the field of battle precipitately, leaving a portion of the dead and much plunder npon the field. With the loss of five men wounded, none mortally, we drove the enemy to Cedar Keys, killing, wounding, and capturing about seventy of his number, recapturing all of the cattle horses, wagons, & c., which they had stolen in their thiev- ing expedition from the citizens in the vicinity of his line of march, all of which has been returned to their proper owners. I desire to make special mention of the gallant and good conduct displayed by Lieut. T. J. Bruton, commanding artillery, and the men of his com- mand. Their condnct upon the field, under the most trying circum- stances, was all that 1 could have desired. Sergeant Cox, of Company II, Second Florida Cavalry (acting adjutant), was conspicuous for his gallantry, and is entitled to the highest commendation for the efficient services rendered by him. Indeed, the entire command, both officers and men, behaved in such a manner as to entitle them to the thanks of their commanding officer and the plaudits of their countrymen. I have the honor, major, to be, your obedient servant, J. J. DICKISON, Captain, Commanding South Florida Forces. Maj. II. C. GOLDTHWAITE, Asst. Adjt. (len., Hdqrs. District of Florida, Tallahassee. FEBRUARY 1516, 1865.Scout from Nashville, on the Nolensville Pike, Tenn. Report of Capt. Robert II. Clinton, Tenth Tennessee Infantry. NASHVILLE, TENN., February 17, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to report that, in obedience to ord~ers received from Major-General Rousseau, on the 15th of February, at 11 a. in., I proceeded with a force of thirty men (Captain Postons coin Page 44 44 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. pany, Fourteenth Tennessee Cavalry), on the Nolensville pike, in search of certain guerrillas who were committing depredations on and in the vicinity of that road. Some ten miles from town I received information from citizens coining into market that there were three bushwhackers at the next toll-gate, which was fourteen miles from the clity. Having heard while out on a scout a few days previous that they were in the habit of resorting to this toll-gate, and knowing the impos- sibility of reaching it without being seen at some distance, I used the expedient of pressing two country wagons, dismounting eight men, and placing four in each wagon, I getting into the foremost one; then pulling the covers close down so as to entirely conceal the men, I ordered the foremost wagon to drive up to the gate as though he was going to pay toll. I had previously given orders to the men not to fire unless they were tired upon or unless they could not halt any one who would run away from the house. As soon as the wagon halted two men came to the door and I sprang up. One of the men in a very rough manner asked me, What do you want hereP I asked him who he was. In reply he told me that I could not come into the house, and immediately ran into the house, slamming the door after him. Ijumped out of the wagon and ran to the door, forcing it open and calling to him to halt and not ran or he would be shot, but before I could force the door and get through the house he had made his way out into the back yard and was running off through the corn-field. The men halted him several times,buthepaid no attention to them. By the time I reached the back yard the men fired on him, and, I am sorry to say, killed him. IF do not think, taking all the circumstances into consideration, that the command can be blamed for his death, for the innocent are brave as a lion, but the guilty flee from their shadow. Be that as it may, his death was a circumstance to be regretted, and no one regrets it more than I do, and an article published in this mornings Dispatch, stating that his life was threatened by one of the men, is entirely false and without foundation, as is, iu fact, the whole article published by that paper in regard to the scout and its proceedings. After leaving the toll-gate about one mile, we discovered a man riding up the road toward us; upon reaching the hill he saw us and immedi- ately wheeled his horse around and galloped offi I followed in full chase, ordering the men to keep up; on rising a little knoll we discov- ered three guerrillas about 150 yards in advance; they wheeled their horses to the left and made for a cedar thicket, but we were too close upon them for any concealment and they were obliged to run, but they were no match for the old Fourteenth. We forced one of them in run- ning 100 yards to abandon his horse; I called to some of the men behind me to take care of him and proceeded on after the other two, followed by the mcii as fast as their horses could carry them. After running about a mile and a half, one of the guerrillas horses fell from exhaustion. I told the men to proceed on after the other and I would take care of the one that was down, but in the excitement they did not understand the order, I suppose. The one that fell rose, with his pistol in his hand, but was shot dead on the spot; the other made his escape, the horse of the dead man following him. We then returned to the main party that had been left under the command of Captain Poston. Learning that the one who had beemi dismounted had not been captured, I took ten men and deployed them through the thicket to search for him; in about fifty yards he was discovered by one of the men, who fired on him, wounding him in the hip; we then moved toward him Page 45 SCOUT FROM NASHVILLE, TENN. 45 the men wanting to kill him, but I ordered them to take him prisoner. He gave his name as Lee, but I afterward learned that his name is Williams and that he is a notorious guerrilla and horse-thief. The name of the man who was killed was Luck, and formerly, I heard, was a merchant of Nashville. The name of the one who escaped was Fost. Patterson was not of the party, as stated by the Dispatch. We then proceeded up the pike to one mile beyond Nolensyille; turning to the left we camped six miles from the pike. In the morning, believing it to be a good plan to come back on the same road, we did so. At 9 oclock we stopped for breakfast at Nolensville. As soon as the men were through and the horses had eaten some fodder, we marched down the pike to the place where we first encountered the three guerrillas the day before. At this place, finding it impossible to proceed at a fast rate with the prisoner, owing to his wound bleeding afresh, I ordered Cap- tain Poston to take fifteen men and procnre a wagon and proceed slowly to Nashville and there turn the prisoner over so that he conld get med- ical treatment. With the other fifteen I went over the hills, taking the trail of Fost, who escaped the day before, searching every suspicions house and cedar thicket. In searching one of these thickets 1 found the horse that Luck rode tied to a bush and a U. S. cavalry saddle and bridle lying by him. I have turiied the horse over. In a dirt road about half a mile from the pike I received informatiou from a lady that on that morning four bushwhackers had passed her house inquiring if there had been any Yanks there. One of these men was Fost; he told a negro man that he was going to leave as soon as he could get out for it was getting too hot for him. I put the negro on the horse we had captured and ordered him to guide us on the road they had taken. We were then four hours behind them. About six miles I found a man who had seen them and they threatened to take the horses he was hauling wood with. He guided us on to where they had crossed the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad about one mile above to the house of a man name~d Morgan. Theye I pressed his son to guide us to the Murfreesborough pike, half a mile froni which we met a colored woman who informed us that the men we were in chase of had captured a sutlers wagon and robbed and burned it. We pressed on with all the speed the horses could make and came up to the place where they had burned the wagon two hours and a half after they had left. We took their trail, learning from two men who were building a fence close to where the wagomi was burned that there were five of them. At sev- eral houses we heard that they had three mules leading. After follow- ing them six miles on the road to County they made a sudden turn to the left. Meeting a young man who informed us that they were going as he thought to a wood-yard, we followed their trail to the wood- yard, getting there two hours after them. I learned there that they charged on the choppers while they were at dinner, firing on them, giving the darkies a great scare and dispersing them all over the woods. They robbed several of the negroes and some white men. I learned that they robbed Captain Stearnes. I saw omie wagon they had turned over and heard that they had burned some but did not see them. I certify on honor that to the best of my belief and from the best infor- mation I could get, being only two hours behind them, that there were only five bushwhackers who made the attack on the wood-yard. Where the Dispatch got that great cock-and-bull story from about several hundred Confederate cavalry making their appearance within six miles of the city on the 16th instant, I cannot tell, unless it was fro Page 46 46 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. the fertile brain of the editor, which I fear, is ever full of, to him, pleas- ing visions of rebel cavalry hovering around. I can safely certify on honor that there was not the least foundation for the report. We chased the gang to within half a mile of Stones River. Raving lost some time in getting the correct trail from the wood-yard and being three hours behind them at this point, and our horses being completely tired down, having done all I could do for the present, I thought it best to return to Nashville. In conclusion I can confidently assert that there are no ~uerri1las at the present time, or any other force on or between the Nolensville and Murfreesborough pikes, but how long they will remain away it is impossible for me to say. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, li. II. CLINTON, Captain, Tenth Tennessee Infantry. Major POLK, Assistant Adjutant- General, District of Tennessee. FEBRUARY 16, 1865.Skirmish near Gurleys Tank, Ala. Report of Lieut. Wilison Dailey, Seventy- third Indiana Infantry. GIJRLEYS TANK, ALA., February 16, 1865. Sin: I have the honor to report the repulse of fifty men of Russells Fourth Alabama Cavalry, under command of a captain, by a foraging party of twenty men (twelve from my command and eight from Lieuten- ant Arnolds detachment of pioneers), under command of Sergt. Daniel ilensley, who was sent to the plantation of one Peebe, three miles and a half from this point, on the Brownsborough road. On their return, when about one mile and a half from this point, they were attacked by fifty men of Russells Fourth Alabama Cavalry, under com- mand of Captain Britton and Lieutenant Olds. The detachment kept up a running fight until they gained the cover of the wood,where, after a stubborn fight of a few minutes, [they] repulsed the enemy and brought off the teams in safety, without any loss on our side except the following ordnance, two Enfield rifles and equipments, which were taken from two prisoners, who afterward escaped and caine in. The casualties on the part of the enemy were 1 man (Jack Hickman, Fourth Alabama Cav- alry) killed and 1 man (Allen Grant, Fourth Alabama Cavalry) wounded; 3 more are supposed wounded. Peebe was recognized by one of the escaped prisoners as one of the attacking party. I should like to have the privilege of destroying his plantation. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WILLSON DAILEY, Second Lieutenant, Commanding. Col. WILLIAM P. LYON, Commanding Railroad Defenses Page 47 EXPE.DTTION TO TUKA, MISS. 47 FEBRUARY 16, 1865.Attacks upon the garrisons of Athens and Sweet Water, Tenn. REPOIRTS. No. 1.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of Northern Virginia. No. 2.Brig. Gen. John C. Vaughn, C. S. Army. No. 1. Report of General Robert B. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of Yorthern Virginia. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, February 24, 1865. General Echols reports that detachments of Vaughns cavalry struck the railroad beyond Knoxville at Sweet Water and Athens, capturing the garrison at both places. Sixty men of Second Ohio Regiment, with horses and equipments, were taken. H. E. LEE. Hon. J. C. BRECKINRIDGE, Secretary of War. No. 2. Reports of Brig. Gen. John C. Vaughn, C. S. Army. BRISTOL, February 20, 1865. A small force from my command struck the railroad at Athens, west of Knoxville, capturing the garrison, which has caused two regiments to be sent below from this force above Knoxville. J. C. VAUGHN, Maj. J. STODDARD JOHNSTON. Brigadier. General. BRISTOL, February 29, 1865. Captain Maston, with seventy.five men from my brigade, captured the garrison at Sweet Water, forty-five miles below Knoxville, sixty mounted men, horses, and equipments of Second Ohio Regiment. J. C. VAUGHN, Major JOHNSTON. Brigadier. General. FEBRUARY 1718, 1865.Expedition from Eastport to Inka, Miss. Report of fZol. Robert R. Stewart, Eleventh Indiana Cavalry, commanding Fifth Division, Cavalry Corps, Military Divi8ion of the Mississippi. HEADQUARTERS FIFTH DIVISION, CAVALRY CORPS, MILITARY DIVlSIoN OF THE MISSISSIPPI, Eastport, Miss., February 18, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report to you that I learned that about fifteen or twenty rebels were in the habit of going into Juka every evening and remaining there until morning. I ordered a suffi- cient party to proceed to that town last night, reaching Juka after dark Page 48 48 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. surround the town, and capture any rebel force found there. From some cause the rebels were not there, and, though the scout was ably and secretly conducted, no rebels were found. The force arrived iu camp about 1 oclock this morning. James Pollock, a loyal citizen of Fulton, Miss., arrived in the lines to-day, and reports that Forrest has moved all his force, about one week ago, to West Point, Miss., about~ 100 miles below Verona where he dated his dispatch to General Thomas, brought in under flag of truce. I shall send Mr. Pollock to Verona in the morning to gather any information possible, and return as soon as he can. I send a scout or reconnoitering force to Tuscumbia, Ala., to-morrow. I shall send by two roads, to unite at Tuscumbia, and with orders to keep each other advised of anything suspicious or threatening. A competent officer will accompany this force to make a map or diagram of the country, creeks, roads, & c., between this post and Tuscumbia. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. R. STEWART, Colonel, Commanding Dicision. Brig. Gen. JOHN T. CROXTON, Comdg. First Div., Cavalry Corps, Mit. Div. of the Mississippi. FEBRUARY 1718, 1865.Expedition from Whitesburg to Fearns Ferry, Teun. Report of Col. George F. Dick, Eighty-sixth Indiana Infantry. HEADQIJARTnRS EIO-HTY-SIxTH INDIANA VOLUNTEERS, February 19, 1865. SIR: In compliance with orders received from division headquarters, I moved to Whitesburg on the evening of the 17th instant with a detachment composed of the Seventy-ninth and Eighty-sixth Indiana and Nineteenth Ohio. At.Whitesburg we embarked on the gun-boats Sherman and Stone River, from whence we proceeded up the river to Fearns Ferry, a distance of twenty-five miles. Here we disembarked and marched over the mountain to Warrenton. Upon reaching this place I learned that the rebel command (Stuarts) had changed direc- tion to the south at Summit, a place at the junction of the Warrenton and Guntersyille road, and inste~id of marching toward the river were marching in an opposite direction. The command having twenty-four hours the start and being mounted, I thought it useless to continue the pursuit. We then started toward the river for the purpose of re-embark- ing at Gnntersvii]e. When about three miles from Warrenton the advance guard ran into a squad of guerrillas, but being mounted they escaped through the fire they received from the guard. Reached Guim- tersville about 3 oclock on the afternoon of the 18th, and re-embarked on the Sherman and Stone River, and proceeded back to Whitesburg, a distance of thirty-four miles, from which place we marched to camp, arriving at 8 oclock on the evening of the 18th. My thanks are due Captains Morehead and Kaylor, of the Sherman and Stone River, for services kindly rendered. I hav& the honor to be, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE F. DICK, Colonel Eighty-sixth Indiana Volunteers. Capt. ALEXIS COPE, Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gem, Third Division, Fourth Army Uorp8 Page 49 EXPEDITION TO MILTON, FLA. 49 FEBRUARY 18, 1865.Attack on Fort Jones, near Colesburg, Ky. Reports of Maj. Charles B. Leavitt, Twelfth U. S. Colored Heavy Artillery. COLEsBuEG, Ki., February 18, 1865. Fort Jones is attacRed and three men killed. Can hear the artillery from here. Shall re-enforce them with fifty men. Answer. C. B. LEAYJTT, Major, Twe~fth U. S. Colored Heavy Artillery, Comdg. Station. General EWING, Louisville, K COLESBURG, Ky., February 18, 1865. I took sixty men and went to Fort Jones, from thence to Lebanon Junction. Magruders guerrilla band, numbering thirty-one men, came within three-quarters of a mile from here, killed three of my men who were on their way from Jones to draw rations. Sue Mundays came within 200 yards of the fort, numbering some sixteen men. Another force is reported on the west of Lebanon Junction. They robbed a number of citizens, & c. Have returned to Colesburg. Do not antici- pate farther danger. C. B. LEAYITT Brig. Gen. HUGH EWING,. Major, Commanding Station. Louisville, Ky. FEBRUARY 19, 1865.Expedition from Barrancas to Milton, Fla. Report of Lieut. Col. Andrew B. Spurling, Second Maine Cavalry. CAMP SECOND MAINE CAVALRY, Barrancas, F la., February 20, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that I went to Milton, Fla., yesterday, for the purpose of ascertaining the movements and where- abouts of the enemy, and to obtain an interview with the rebel Captain Keyser, in order to make myself certain that nothing had occurred to interfere with the arrangements previously made between us for the surrender of his command. On arriving in the vicinity of his camp I learned from Captain Keyser that, contrary to his expectations, in8tead of receiving seventy additional men, he had been ordered to Pollard, Ala., with the larger part of his force, leaving only thirty, under com- niand of a lieutenant, to do patrol and picket duty at Milton. The 100 men, the nmnberordered away, left for Pollard yesterday, andthe captain will follow them to-day. I think that a part or the whole of the remain- ing force at Milton can easily be captured, as I am well informed as to their mode of doing picket duty and know the position of their camp. I saw and conversed with a citizen, a Union man, who came direct from Mobile, leaving that city on the 18th. He, as well as Captain Keyser himself, informed me that there were no troops in Pollard yesterday morning, all of them having been sent to Mobile; that the enemy is 4 R RYOL XLIX~ PT Page 50 50 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. anticipating an attack ujion that city; that in case 3,000 of our troops should attack Spanish Fort it could be taken, and the rebels then un- doubtedly would evacuate the city. They could give no positive infor- mation as to the number of troops at Mobile, but were quite certain that they would number at least 10,000 men, since one division of Hoods army was detained to assist in the defense of the place. They state that the soldiers of this division are much demoralized. They have various opinions as to the movements of our troops. Their belief now is that our soldiers are being sent from Pensacola to re.enforce Sherman in South Carolina. They state that there are very few troops at Green- ville or Montgomery, nearly all having been sent with Hood toward South Carolina. I have positive information that the rebels are mak- ing great preparations at Saint Marks, Fla., to render that a secure port for blockade-runners. I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. B. SPURLING, Lieutenant- Colonel Second Maine Cavalry. Brigadier-General ASBOTH, Commanding District of West Florida. FEBRUARY 1923, 1865.Expedition from Eastport, Miss., to Russeliville, Ala., with skirmishes (20th) near Tuscumbia, Ala. REPORTS. No. 1.Col. Robert R. Stewart, Eleventh Indiana Cavalry, commanding Fifth Divis- ion, Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Mississippi. No. 2.Maj. Gnstavu8 Schnitzer, Second Iowa Cavalry, commanding expedition. No. 1. Reports of Cot. Robert R. Stewart, Eleventh indiana Cavalry, commanding Fifth Division, Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Mississippi. HEADQUARTERS FIFTH DIVISION, CAVALRY CORPS, MILITARY DIVISION OF THE Mississippi, Eastport, Miss., February 23, 1866. MAJOR: I have the honor to report that the reconnoitering party which left here on the morning of February 19, in compliance with instructions from corps headquarters, has just returned. I have not yet received a written report from the officer in charge, but I send you in advance such information as I have gathered in conversation with commanding and other officers of the party. No force was met with on the march. At Tuscumbia the rebel Colonel Windes, of Roddeys com mand, was captured. About fifteen straggling soldiers were in the place, but these escaped as the reconnoitering force approached the place. Three boats were found and destroyed at the landing near Tuscumbia and opposite Florence. At IRussellviile the force captured three rebels belonging to IRoddeys command. Fifteen or twenty had just left as our forces charged into town, having been apprised of their approach by their sentinels posted on the hills this side of the town. Fifteen negroes were brought in, all of whom have enlisted in the On Page 51 EXP]~DITIO~ TO RTJSSELLVILLE, ALA. 51 hundred and nineteenth U. S. Colored Infantry, under Capt. II. II. Hadley, of that regiment. About twenty mules and as many horses were picked up, and about twenty-five rebels were found along the road who had abandoned the rebel cause and gave themselVes up. Colonel Windes effected his escape; under what circumstances I have not yet fully learned. Roddey has about 1,000 conscripts under him, with headqnarters at Mount Hope, fifteen miles northeast of Russell- yule. No other foyce is believed to be anywhere in the vicinity or this side of Canton, where Forrest is supposed to be. Stewarts and Chalmers commands have been transferred from the Army of the Mis- sissippi to Charleston. As soon as Major Schnitzer, the officer who commanded the expedition, makes his report, I will forward the result of the expedition. I neglected to say in the proper place that two caissons were found this side of Tuscumbia and burned, and that forage was found sufficiently plentiful to supply the wants of the com- mand. \Tery respectfully, your obedient servant, H. H. STEWART, Golonel, Commanding Division. Maj. B. B. BEAUMONT, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Cavalry Corps, Mit. Div. of the Mississippi. HEADQuARTERS FIFTH DIvISIoN, CAVALRY CORPS, MILITARY DIvIsIoN OF THE Mississippi, Eastport, Miss., February 24, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor herewith to transmit report of Maj. Gus- tavus Schnitzer, Second Iowa Cavalry, who had command of the recon- naissance sent from these headquarters February 19, and which returned yesterday evening. I would most respectfully call your attention to the statement of Major Schnitzer in regard to the ability of 500 well- mounted men passing over the country hereabouts without risk. I would also call your attention to the p~pers* captured with the rebel Lieutenant-Colonel Windes, and especially to those contained in the envelope marked important. If Major George is to muster his men near Inka on the 28th of February I believe the whole party could be cap- tured, and I would respectfully request permission to act in regard to him as circumstances may direct. The probability is that no paymas- ter will venture near Inka with $75,000 Confederate money since Lien- tenant-Colonel Windes deserted, leaving this information in our hands. My scouts will be directed to watch this fellow George, and I desire-to prevent any muster on the 28th of February near our lines. Bythe boats just arrived I learn that Charleston, S. C., is in our hands. I have learned no details of the capture. With highest respect, I am, your obedient servant, H. H. STEWART, Colonel, Commanding Division. Maj. B. B. BEAUMONT, Asst. A~jt. Gen., Cavalry Corps, Mil. Div. of the Mississippi. (Through Brigadier-General Croxton, commanding First Division, Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Mississippi.) Not found Page 52 52 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 2. Report of ]lliaj. Gustavus Schnitzer, Second Iowa Cavalry, commanding expedition. IIDQR5. SECOND IOWA CAVALRY VETERAN VOLUNTEERS, Eastjport, Miss., February 24, 1865. LIEUTENANT: In compliance with orders from division headquarters I started on the morning of the 19th of February, il1 command of 425 men and eight wagons (300 men of Second Iowa and 125 men of Ninth Illinois Cavalry), with three days rations for men and horses. The road for the first ten miles was rough and hilly; one wagon broke down and was sent to camp. Arrived first evening at Oates plantation, fif- teen miles from Eastport and one mile from Memphis and Charleston Railroad, and camped for the night. Started next day, February 20, at daybreak, following the railroad, and found the same, lately repaired by Iloddeys men, in good running condition to within one mile of Tus- cumbia, but no train had passed over the road since last December. Three miles from Tuscumbia my advance struck about fifteen of the enemy, who rapidly retreated through town. At this place I found two caissons of 12-pounder guns in good condition, which I destroyed. Arrived at Tuscumbia at 2 p. in.; drove about twenty rebels from town. Here I learned that General Roddey was at Mount Hope, or near Moul- ton, with about 1,000 men, and Captain Warren at Russellville with about 100 men. The road to the latter place was reported as very bad, through mountains. I concluded to camp for the night at Tuscumbia. I sent patrols out on all roads, who learned as above stated. The patrol to Tennessee River destroyed three small ferry-boats and one pontoon. Next morning I started with 300 of my best mounted men for Russellville, leaving the rest of the command and wagons with Captain Bandy in town. I struck the mountains four miles from Tus. cumbia; the roads very hilly and stony, and for teams impassable. Here my flankers picked up fourteen of Roddeys men, who were very glad to get into our hands, all reporting Roddey at or near Mount Hope, collecting his men together to go with them to Tuscaloosa, Ala., where he is ordered to report by General Forrest. Three miles from Russellvillc I sent Major McManis, of the Ninth Illinois Cavalry, with his command on the trot to get possession of the roads leading into the town. He found no enemy there. Here we captured and burned a large mail, and received information that Roddey had left Mount Hope the day before, February 20. He had information of my coming, and had been informed that my command was 5,000 strong. Having com- plied with m~y orders, 1 returned to Tuscumbia same day, having made thirty-six miles, Captain Bandy meantime having captured Lieutenant- Colonel Windes, of the Fourth Alabama (rebel) Cavalry, whose papers* I herewith transmit. I would here mention that Private Thomas Pier- son, Second Iowa Cavalry, orderly for Major Moore, by himself and with no arms but his saber, captured on my flank three armed rebels that were watching our movements, and brought them safely into camp. Next morning, February 22, started back at 10 a. in., marching fifteen miles, and camped for the night. Here Lieutenant-Colonel Wiudes escaped from his guard of three men at the risk of his life. The night was very dark and rainy. Broke camp February 23 at daybreak, marching to Eastport, arriving at 3 p. m. without loss of man or horse on the expedition. The result of the expedition is as follows: Pene * Not fouud Page 53 ATTACK ON FORT MYERS, FLA. 53 trated the enemys country 50 miles; captured 31 of General Itoddeys men; burned 2 caissons; destroyed 3 ferries and 1 pontoon, also a rebel mail, and brought in 19 able-bodied negroes and 35 horses and mules; ascertaining that the railroad is in running order to within one mile of Tuscumbia; the rebel forces are all moving southward; two corps of Hoods army, under Dick Taylor, have gone to South Carolina; John- ston is not reinstated~ and Hood with the rest of his command is on his way to Mobile; Forrests command is scattered over lie country, and he is trying to concentrate his force at Tuscaloosa; Major George with 100 men is posted along the valley from Tuscumbia to Juka, with his headquarters at or near Inka, to watch our movements. I am con- vinced that 500 well-mounted cavalry could march without much hin- drance 100 miles south, and pick up thousands of prisoners. Colonel Stewarts chief of staff, Major Kidd, accompanied the expedition to coin- ply with that part of my order in regard to diagram and maps of the country. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, GUSTAVUS SCHNJTZEIR, Major, Second Iowa Gavairy, Commanding Expedition Lient. li. B. AVERY, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 5th Div., Cay. Corps, Mu. Div. of the Miss. FEBRUARY 20, 1865.Attack on Fort ~yers, Fla. Report of 6/apt. James Doyle, One hundred and tenth New York Infantry. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Fort Myers, Fla., February 21, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that a large force of the ene- mys cavalry, estimated at about 400, with one piece of artillery (12. pounder), appeared before our works yesterday. They captured our pickets on the Fort Thompson road, consisting of a corporal and three men. We discovered the enemy approaching a few minutes after 12 m. The men were instantly under arms and posted. A flag of truce was seen approaching, and halted at a distance of 500 yards from the fort. I immediately sent Captain Bartholf to meet the flag. He returned with a written communication from the rebel commander, demanding a surrender of the post, giving me twenty minutes to decide. In less than five minutes Captain Bartholf returned to the flag with my answer, a copy of which I send with this report. At 1.10 p. m. the enemy opened fire from his artillery at a distance of about 1,400 yards. Our guns replied almost instantly. Captain Dewey, of the Second ~T. S. Colored Troops, who was present, was placed in charge of the artillery. His practice was good, compelling the enemy to move his battery three times. I had already formed a skirmish line of a por- tion of the Second Florida Cavalry, occupying the bushes and trees immediately in front, and kept up a sharp fire on the enemys line. He had a portion of his force dismounted in the rear of his artillery, while theremainder were deployed on the flanks, the line extending to the river. The enemy fired about twenty shells, doing us no damage. At dark I strengthened our skirmish line, and the men inside theworkswere under arms all night. At daylight I visited the skirmish line and found th Page 54 54 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. enemy liad retreated. He fell back through the woods and struck the road about six miles from here. I sent a mounted party after them, who found that they were in full retreat toward Fort Thompson. About three-quarters of a mile from the fort there is a pond of fresh water where the soldiers and refugees wash their clothes. Five men were captured at this place and one killed while engaged in washing. A short distance from this pond our cattle (which have been previously reported) were feeding. Six armed men went out as herdsmen, two of whom were captured, four making their escape to Punta Rassa, aban- doning their horses in the swamp; the men returned to-day. I have no means of knowing the enemy~s loss, but on surveying the ground where their battery was posted bandages, splints, lint, and hastily constructed litters have been found; also pieces of wearing apparel covered with blood, which seems to show that they suffered from our fire. They did not succeed in driving off any of our cattle; they are scattered in the woods and can be easily secured. Owing to a lack of forage many of our horses have been permitted to graze outside. A few of those the rebels picked upeleven are missing; four of them were abandoned by the herdsmen in a swamp between this place and Punta iRassa, and I think will be recovered. I have jnst returned from Punta iRassa and have no fears of the stores there. I inclose a paper picked up on the ground where the enemy encamped last night, giving a list of the company commanders of the rebel force. I cannot speak too highly of Captains Childs and Bartholf of Second IL S. Col. ored Infantry, also of Captain Dewey, in rendering efficient aid in working our guns. Lient. J. C. lliltz, acting adjutant, was very effi- cient in conveying my orders to different points, and rendered efficient service, as did also Captain Fellows, One hundred and tenth New York Volunteers. In fact, every officer and soldier of the command did well. I only regret that I did not have a cavalry force sufficiently strong to pursue them. I take this opportunity to bring to the notice of the commanding general the condition of the arms of the colored troops at this post. In both companies there are not seventy-five serviceable muskets. I have been informed that Lient. William McCullough has been dismissed the service, but having no official notice of it I sent him out in command of the skirmish line, where he rendered good and efficient service. Mr. J. D. Green, formerly connected with the Second Florida Cavalry, took his rifle and went into the ranks, and from his actions I have every reason to believe him to be a loyal man. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, - JAMES DOYLE, Captain, 110th New York Volunteers, Commanding Post. Capt. E. B. TRACY, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Key West, Fla. FEBRUARY 2024, 1865.Expedition from Nashville to Pine Wood, Tenn. Report of Capt. Gilbert H. Clemens, Assistant Quartermaster, U. S. Army. MILITARY DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI, QUARTERMASTERS OFFICE, U. S. MILITARY RAILROADS, Nashville, flienn., February 26, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that on the night of the 20th information was brought to me that Duval McNary, the guerrilla chie Page 55 EXPEDITION TO PINE WOOD, TENN. 55 that captured the mules on the 20th instant, was encamped on the ilarpeth River, about fifteen miles from town. Mr. George Melville, the master of transportation, immediately conferred with you, and on your recommendation organized a force, mostly watchmen in this department and formerly soldiers. I at once took command and imme- diately started in pursuit of the raiders. We left here at 2 a. m. of the 21st instant, arriving at Camp Irvin about 4 a. in., where I received some more volunteers. My force now consisted of about sixty men, mostly watchmen, with several wagon-masters and two of my clerks. On arriving at Camp Irvin I found it was a mistake that the enemy were encamped on the ilarpeth. We waited a few hours and then started in pursuit. At a place a few miles from Ellisons Mills, on the Harpeth, we captured one of McNarys men, named Kearns. We tracked the enemy all that day by the harness along the road he hav- ing twenty hours the start. After riding seventy-three mih~s, at night- fall we encamped at a place called Pine Wood, in Hickman County, at which place the enemy had been in the morning. Here we learned he had struck direct for the Tennessee River. I then came to the conclu. sion that it would be folly to pursue him farther, as both man and beast were terribly jaded. Therefore, after encamping for the night, on the morning of the 22d I immediately started for the nearest point on the Nashville and Northwestern Railroad. After riding for fifteen miles through a drenching rain, we arrived at a place called Sneed- ville, from which point I telegraphed you for a special train. Here the horses staid for twenty-four hours without any forage and completely broken down. We left this point in the train sent by you for Nashville at 3 p. m. of the 23d. After proceeding for a couple of hours, we came to Kingston Springs, when we were informed that the bridges between that point and Nashville were destroyed. After feeding and staying here for the night, we took up the line of march for Nashville on the morning of the 24th. After a ride of thirty miles, fording the South Harpeth eight times, we arrived here about 4 p. m. of the same day. I would state, iii connection with this, that the trip has accomplished two objects: First. It has shown MeNary that he cannot capture our trains with impunity, and that we have an available force to pursue him. Second. It has developed the capability of using our emp1oy~s in protecting Government property from guerrillas. If we had started in pursuit of the guerrillas immediately on the receipt of the news of the capture, we would in all probability have recaptured the mules. But as it is, if at any future time they repeat the operations, we can start on pursuit on a momenfs warning. Since writing the foregoing, the teamsters that were captured with the mules have returned and inform me that we were but fifteen miles from McNary when we were compelled to return on account of exhausted stock. His rendezvous was a large cave, where he had the prisoners guarded, with capacity of secreting 150 men. The wagon-master states that McNary was in Nashville on Saturday and that he boasts as soon as I have another train ready he will pay it a visit. In case he should, a force should be prepared to pursue him without delay. The wagon. master also states that they were robbed by McNary of their money and clothes, he stating that it was essential for them to have clothing Page 56 56 KY., S. W. VA., TENTh, N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. and that that was the oniy means they had of drawing it. Below is a copy of a pass given by A. D. McNary to the prisoners after releasing them: HEADQUARTERS SCOUTS, February 23, 1865. SOLDIERS AND GUARDS: Pass free from molestation John Vorees, wagonmaster, and twelve laborers. These are my prisoners, and any interference with them will be punished as it deserves. A. D. McNARY, Captain, Commanding Scouts. Mr. H. H. CAROTHERS: You will try and give the twelve men accommodations to-night, and give them directions to the nearest point on the railroad. J. G. McNALRY. I am,. captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. II. CLEMENS, Captain and Assistant Quartermaster. Capt. F. J. CHILLY, Assistant Quartermaster, Chief Quartermaster U. S. Military Railroads. FEBRUARY 20-24, 1865.Expedition to Greeneville and Warrensbnrg, Tenn., with skirmishes (21st and 22d) near Greeneville. Report of Maj. Thomas H. Reeves, Fourth Tennessee infantry. IIDQRS. FOURTH TENNESSEE INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, Mosers Mill, Tenn., Febrnary 25, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor, to state that, in accordance with instruc- tions, the Fourth Regiment Tennessee Infantry Volunteers, on the 20th instant,was en route for Greeneville, Tenn.; arrived at that place at 10 a. m. on the 21st instant, a distance of thirty miles; iiiothing occurred worthy of note on the march. About 12 m. our picket was attacked on the Jone~- borough road by a small squad of rebels, but they were soon repulsed; all was quiet then until about the same time on the 22d instant, when there was a repetition of the picket fighting which did not amount to anything serious~ The election was held in the town of Greeneville, and I suppose all the loyal inhabitants had the privilege of voting. I left Greeneville on the 23d instant at 9 a. m. and, after a very disagreeable days march through incessant rain, arrived at Warrensburg and learned that it was the intention of Colonel Tool, C. S. Army, who was com- manding a force of 100 mounted men, to camp there that night; there were four of his men captured on our picket-line that night. I subse- quently learned that he had passed around the town to our left. I left Warrensburg on the 24th instant, and arrived at our camp at this place the same evening. From best information there are but few rebels in East Tennessee; however, they were making preparations to attack me on the 24th, had I remained, with a force of about 200, commanded by Colonel Gillespie, C. S. Army. My opinion is that a small force of cav- alry supported by a small force of infantry could hold the country as high up as Greeneville or Jonesborough. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, T. II. REEVES, Major Fourth Tennessee Infantry Volunteers, Comdg. Regiment. Capt. W. W. DEANE, Asst. Adjt. aem, Fourth Division, Twenty-third Army Corps Page 57 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS FLA. 57 FEBRUARY 21-MARCH 7, 186b..Operations in the vicinity of Saint Marks, Fla. SUMMARY OF TIEIIE PRIINCIPAL FTWENTS. Mar. 45, 1865.Skirmishes at East River Bridge, Fla. 56, 1865.Skirmishes at Newport Bridge, Fla. 6, 1865.Action at Natural Bridge, Flu. REPORTS. No. 1.Brig. Gen. John Newton, U. S. Army, commanding District of Key West and Tortugas. No. 2.Maj. Edmund C. Weeks, Second Florida Cavalry (Union). No. 1. Reports of J4aj. Gen. John Newton, U. ~S1. Army, commanding District of Key West and Tortugas. HDQIiS. DISTRICT OF KEY WEST AND TORTUGAS, March 15, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report the results of a recent expedi- tion made in the neighborhood of Saint Marks, Fla., in conjunction with a naval force intended to ascend the river. The land expedition landed at the light-house, and marched first to Newport, and finding the bridge burned there, advanced eight miles farther np to the Natural Bridge, where the enemy was found in forceit is said between 1,500 and 2,000 men. After a fierce fight, resulting in the complete repulse of the enemy, finding that the navy could not ascend the river, I decided to withdraw. This was done in order the enemy, except a few cavalry, not daring to follow. We captured and brought off one piece of artil- lery, my own artillery (two navy howitzers), and my train without loss. My loss is 150 killed, wounded, and missing. The number oC the latter will undoubtedly diminish. The officers and meu behaved with the greatest gallantry. The enemy had first previously attacked our troops at Cedar Keys and Fort Myers, and I hoped to find them in small force near Saint Marks, but in spite of the uniform testimony of refugees to the contrary, there is no doubt that there is, relatively to mine, a large force of the enemy in Florida, which is continually increasing. My force in the expedition was between 900 and 1,000 men, two navy how- itzers, and one light 12-pounder captured from the enemy and nsed against him. This is merely a preliminary report, a mail leaving at 4 p. m. I arrived at 2.30 p. m. from the coast. I have the honor to be, & c., JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier- General, Gommanding. Lieut. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., lldqrs. iJilil. Div. of West Miss., New Orleans. IIDQRS. DISTRICT OF KEY WEST AND TORTUGAS, Key West, lila., April 17, 1865. Lient. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., llidqrs. Mil. Div. of West Mississippi: COLONEL: I inclose herewith a printed copy of the report of oper- ations near Saint Marksalready sent to you in writing, but now in Page 58 58 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. new shape, more easy of reference and more legible. The printing was done in my office. If, as I have understood, the expedition served to divert the enemys force and attention from Steeles column, one of my objects was fully accomplished. From the enemys admission he must have had three batteries of artillery and a very large force in comparison. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier. General, Commanding. P. 5.I send General Jones order of congratulation; very mild, and, in comparison with a notice of a small skirmish a few weeks before, rather lugubrious. The forces mentioned incidentally in the paper Floridian and Journal, are Kilcrease Artillery; iDunhams battery; cadets from Tallahassee; Second Florida Cavalry; Scotts battalion; Abells battery; Fifth Florida Cavalry; First Florida Militia; Bar- wicks Company Reserves; Hodges Company Reserves; Compauy A, Milton Light Artillery; Companies A, B, and F, Reserves. These different organizations are incidentally mentioned, and are picked out from various portions~of the newspaper. No mention is made of the re-enforcements from Georgia arriving about noon of the 6th, and amounting to over 1,000 men. Capt. E. B. Tracy, assistant commissary of musters, died on the 16th. Please send on another. J. NEWTON. [Inclosures.] HDQRS. DISTRICT OF KEY WEST ~n TORTUGAS, Key West, Iila., March 19, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following report of oper- ations in this district: Febrnary 21. Late in the night the transport steamer Alliance from the west coast of Florida brought information that Fort Myers was attacked by a large force of rebels with artillery, and likewise that a party of 250 men from Cedar Keys on a raid had encountered a greatly superior force of the enemy at Station Four on the railroad, and after a gallant fight, in which the rebels were worsted, had safely returned to Cedar Keys on the approach of large re-enforcements to the enemy, commanded by Brigadier-General Miller. February 22. The kindness of Admiral Stribling having placed at our disposal the steamer Magnolia, the Ninety-ninth U. S. Colored lnfantry, Lieutenant-Colonel Pearsall, was embarked, destined for Punta Rassa. In the meantime the steamer Honduras arrived from Punta Rassa, whither it had gone on the receipt of the news of the rebel attack (to protect our depot there), and communicated the intelli- gence of the retreat of the enemy from Fort Myers. The steamer Magnolia was, nevertheless, dispatched to Punta Rassa, and the steamer Honduras was ordered by the admiral to be in readiness to transport additional troops the next day. In the meantime, after con- sultation with the admiral, the following general plan was adopted: The troops to be landed at Tampa or Cedar Keys, in order to cut off the force of the enemy sent to the Lower Peninsula, or else to pro- ceed to the neighborhood of Saint Marks for a raid or sudden expedi- tion, in which the co-operation of the navy was promised. February 23. Headquarters were embarked on the steamer Honduras, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Harris commanding, and likewise three companies, A, B, and K, of the Second 15. 5. Colored Infantry, destined for Punta Rassa Page 59 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS, FLA. 59 February 24. Reached Punta liassa, where the Magnolia was found. Both steamers sailed for Cedar Keys at 3 p. m. February 25. Arrived at Cedar Keys at 6 p. m. Major Weeks, com- manding post, being absent on a raid, he was directed to return. No chance to cnt off or intercept the enemys force in the South Peninsula appeared to offer itself. February 27. Major Weeks returned. Companies C, D, and E, Second Florida Cavalry (dismounted), and Companies E, G, and H, Second U. S. Colored Infantry, were embarked on the Magnolia, leaving at Cedar Keys a sufficient detail from the companies above mentioned to protect the place in our absence. Transferred headquarters to the Alliance, which had arrived from Key West. February 28. Arrived off Ocklockonee buoy, near Saint Marks Bar, thirteen miles from laud, where the naval force was directed to assemble. The fog was dense. March 1 and 2. Steamers Mahaska, Honduras; Magnolia, Stars and Stripes, Spirea, Fort Henry; schooners 0. H. Lee, Matthew Vassar, and Two Sisters assembled together. Heavy fog. Lieut. Commander William Gibson commanded the naval force. After full and free con- sultation the following plan of operations was adopted: First. To land a party of seamen and of the Second Florida Cavalry on Light House Island on the night of the 3d to take possession of the bridge over East River and to surprise and capture the pickets there if possible. Second. To land the troops on the same night in readiness to start at daylight on the 4th. Third. The land expedition was to march to Newport, destroy the public establishments there, cross the River Saint Marks, take Saint Marks in rear, or strike the railroad between Saint Marks and Tallahassee, attacking isolated bodies of the enemy to prevent a con- centration, and destroying and capturing such property as might be useful to the enemy. Fourth. In order to effect these objects, parties were landed to destroy the railroad and other bridges over the Ock- lockonee River, the trestle or bridge over the Aucilla River, and to break up the railroad between Saint Marks and Tallahassee. Fifth. The naval force was to endeavor to silence the batteries at Saint Marks and capture it; to land a force of 500 to 600 seamen at Port Leou to cover the land expedition, to prevent the enemy crossing in its rear between Saint Marks and Newport, and to threaten Saint Marks. There was no doubt entertained that this landing at Port Leon would be effected. March 3. The fog having risen, the whole fleet put to sea, sailing until after dark in order to deceive the enemy, should he have discov- ered the presence of the vessels. After dark, returned to the bar, which the pilot in vain endeavored to cross, though he had indicated no difficulty previously. A heavy gale sprang up and the vessels were of necessity anchored until morning, by which the landing of the troops was unfortunately delayed. In the meantime Major Weeks, with sixty men of the Florida cayalry and thirty seamen under Acting Ensign Whitman, surprised but did not succeed in capturing the enemys pickets at the bridge over East River. March 4. Early in the morning the fleet got under way (the Spirea leading) for the light-house. The pilot ran the Spirea hard and~fast aground; the Honduras, containing troops, likewise grounded. In the meantime Major Weeks expedition returned to the light-house because his position at the bridge was too advanced in the absence of the main force. The enemys cavalry followed him, skirmishing. The steamers Hibiscus, Proteus, and luka arrived. The last two anchored and remained outside. After the delays arising as above stated, from th Page 60 60 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. fog and from the grounding of the vessels, the troops were finally debarked by 4 p. in., and the whole command was moved forward about two miles and a half upon a spot of elevated ground suitable for an encampment, where we were to await the landing of the artillery, ammunition, and ambulances. This being effected about 8 a. m. on the 5th, the whole command advanced upon the road leading to the bridge over East River, where we found the planking of the bridge taken up, and the enemys cavalry with one piece of artillery upon the opposite bank prepared to dispute the passage. The skirmish line, composed of Companies G and H, Second Colored Infantry, under the command of Major Lincoln, Second Colored Infantry, made a gallant charge over the open ground to th~ bridge, and opening a ~rapid fire upon the enemy, the latter fled precipitately. The skirmishers filed over the sleepers of the bridge, and capturing one piece of artillery immediately turned it upon the enemy. The piece of artillery taken was without limber and caisson, these having been removed. The bridge being repaired, which was promptly effected by the Ninety-ninth Colored Infantry, an advance upon Newport was begun, the enemy showing but a few cavalry. When near Newport a heavy smoke indicated the probable destruction of the bridge. The battalion of the Second Florida Cavalry, under Major Weeks, was pushed on in advance to save the bridge. This was found to be impossible, one bay of the bridge being already gone and its whole length swept from the rifle.pits of the enemy on the other side. The conflagratioii was extended to include an iron foundry used by the enemy to cast shot and shell, one saw and one grist mill, and other property. Major Weeks with the battalion of the Second Florida Cavalry was left at Newport bridge to guard against a crossing of the enemy in our reara service ably and gal. lantly performed, his command being under the constant fire of the enemys infantry and artillery. It being impossible to repair the bridge at Newport or cross the river at this point, it was determined to attempt the Natural Bridge, four or five miles above (according to the assurances of the guides). An old and unfrequented road led to that point, and it was hoped we would not be expected there. The distance was found on trial to be over eight miles, and the enemy was guarding it on our arrival. March 6. At daybreak Major Lincoln, with two companies (B and (ii) of Second U. S. Colored Infantry, drove the advanced posts of the enemy over the bridge, when his farther progress was checked by a superior force of the enemy behind intrenchments, having slouglis, ponds, marshes, and thickets in front and flanks as auxiliary defenses. Another spot suitable for crossing was indicated as existing one mile below the Natural Bridge, but after a careful examination it was found to be impracticable, and was indeed already guarded by the enemy. Nothing now remained to do but to feel the enemy and ascertain whether or no a passage could be forced, particularly as it was reported to me that a way to turn the enemy had been, found by an officer oii picket, who had gone quite close to the enemys works. Colonel Town- send, with Companies A, B, and II, Second U. S. Colored Infantry, was directed to turn the enemys right flank if practicable, and Major Lin- coln, with Companies E, G, and K, Second U. S. Colored Infantry, to make the direct assault. The Ninety-ninth U. S. Colored Infantry, Lieutenant-Colonel Pearsall, was to support. Colonel Townsend with his command advanced gallantly, the enemy fleeing upon his approach and abandoning his breast-works, but at the foot almost of the works he encountered a wide and deep slough impassable to troops, and th Page 61 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS, FLA. 61 command reluctantly returned. It had now been demonstrated that the enemys position was too strong in numbers and strength to be carried, and as our position was in a low salient in the marshes, exposed to his cross-fire, of which he was not slow to avail himself, it was deter- mined to withdraw to the open pine barrens about 300 yards distant, in a position previously selected. This was effected in perfect order, without molestation from the enemy. The enemy now imagining that we were in full retreat, emerged from his concealment in heavy columns of regular troops with artillery without skirmishers,iu the hope of crushing an already defeated force. To his surprise he was received with a perfect line of infantry supported by artillery. He made two desperate charges, but was easily repulsed with heavy loss, leaving us masters of the field. We never saw him again except in a small force of cavalry sent to annoy us on our return march. After waiting for an hour, and there being no indications of the presence of the enemy, the troops began their return march to the lighthouse, which was reached at 4 a. m. on the 7th. The expedition returned because the navy was unable to co-operate in any manner, the ammunition was nearly expended, and our communications, owing to the failure to land a force of seamen at Port Leon, as agreed upon, would have been assuredly cut in less than eight hours. The whole force of the expedition was 893 enlisted men, two navy boat howitzers, and one light 12-pounder captured from the enemy. The artillery was drawn by hand the whole distance. Our wounded were all brought off with the exception of eight fatally wounded, left at a house two miles from the field of battle. Our loss was 148 killed, wounded, and missing, of which 35 are missing. This number will be further reduced, it is reasonable to anticipate. The force of the enemy is stated by a prisoner (an officer of militia) to have been from 1,500 to 2,000, and further re-enforcements were con- tinually arriving. The enemy was liberally supplied with field artillery. The bridges over the Ocklockonee and the Aucilla were not damaged, nor the railroad obstructed so far as known. Indeed, the party for the Ocklockonee returned without making a serious attempt to reach the bridge. The men sent were picked, and had a good knowledge of the country, and they would, with little risk to themselves, have obstructed for several days these railroads. A refugee is known to have left one of the blockading vessels and to have given the enemy two weeks notice of the expedition; hence their large concentration of force, a part of which was said to have comefrom Georgia and from the vicinity of Pensacola. The expedition, though it did not effect all that was anticipated, was far from being unfruitful in its results. Two impor- tant bridges, one foundry, and two large mills were burnt; extensive salt-works partially destroyed and laid open for the future to raiding parties. It is proper to state that this expedition has likewise estab- lished the blockade vessels off the light-house instead of outside the bar as before. Saint Marks is now thoroughly blockaded. The enemy has little to boast of in the military operations of this expedition. Though having two weeks notice, he was obliged to burn the important bridge at Newport, so useful to him, and was finally driven off the field near the Natural Bridge, havimig allowed an inferior force to march twenty- five miles into his territory and return without losing an article of public property, but, on the contrary, carrying off one captured piece of artillery. It is unnecessary to state that we were 4n ignorance of the fact that information had been furnished the enemy until the expedition was over. We would otherwise not have landed. Saint Marks and neighborhood presented the greatest, if not the sole, inducements for Page 62 62 KY., s. w. YA., TENN., N. & 0. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. raid or expedition within the limits of this district. The absence of large numbers of rebel troops in the South Peninsula, as before stated, fixed the proper moment for the attempt, and it was not suitable to pass unnoticed the attempt of the rebels to capture Fort Myers and annoy the garrison at Cedar Keys. The rebel troops at (Dhattahoochee, Talla- hassee, Saint Marks, and as far east as Madisonville, were by unanimous testimony put at less than 600 men. It was likewise thought that the expedition from Pensacola, of which I had heard, would naturally draw the rebels from the neighborhood of Tallahassee and Saint Marks, though it is now known that the information of our intended operations in that vicinity drew their troops in the opposite directiona great advantage, at all events, to our column starting from Pensacola into the interior. After the expedition was over all the troops were returned to the posts at Cedar Keys, Punta Rassa, and Key West. Fort Myers has been broken up. The officers and men of the expedition behaved nobly under the most trying circumstances, marching fifty miles in forty-four hours, of which they rested only five hours, and fought or skirmished most of the time. When we recrossed the bridge at East River we found there a guard of forty seamen under command of Acting Ensign Whitman. For this precaution we were indebted to the foresight of Commander Shufeldt, who in my absence had relieved Lieutenant-Commander Gibson of the command of the naval force. I cannot close this communication without expressing the obligations I am under to Rear-Admiral Stribling for the hearty co.operation which he ordered his officers to afford and his own endeavors to make the expedition a complete success. And this desire of the admiral was, so far as I could perceive, cheerfully responded to by his officers. I will forward a list of recommendations for gallant services in the field. I have the honor to be~ very respectfully, your most obedient servant, JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Lient. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., ffdqrs. Mu. Div. of West Miss., New Orleans, La. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF FLORIDA, No. 49. 5 Tallahassee, March 9, 1865. I. The major-general commanding returns his cordial thanks to the militia forces of the State for the promptness and dispatch with which they responded to the call of the Governor to turn out and repel the invading foe. He marks with great satisfaction the spirit of determination and self- denial which has characterized their conduct, and shall rely with great confidence in future on your zealous and valuable services. In disbanding you now the major-general commanding is actuated by a disposition to make your burdens as light as possible, knowing that when occasion requires yoa will be ready to respond. You will be allowed to retain your arms and equipments, and it is urged npon you the great necessity that you should see that your arms and ammunition are always in condition for immediate action. The resources of your country are limited in these things, and the loss of your arms or ammunition might prove a serious calamity. You are desired wheu called out,, even for drill, to appear always under arms, that no delay may occur 111 your reaching the scene of action Page 63 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS, FLA. 63 The major-general commanding is glad to announce the success of onr arms in driving back, with heavy loss, the enemy from our shores, though they may have retired to make preparations for a renewal of the attack. You are therefore urged to be always in readiness to repair to headquarters immediately on the concerted signal being given. By order of Maj. Gen. Sam. Jones: W. K. BEARD, Assistant Adjutant- General. THE MILITIA. The conduct of the militia in the recent affair has shown that for actual service they are equally available with the regular Confederate troops. They exhibited as much coolness and conrage as veterans, and the prompt action of all, even of those who were not in the engage- ment, contributed to make a display of force that disheartened the enemy and probably induced an earlier retreat than would have taken place merely from the result of the fighting. The large number of forces that have been so quickly concentrated here, together with the result of the engagement, has inspired the utmost confidence in our people, and, with the natural advantages of the country and our forti. fled positions, we can stop five times the number that came on this occasion. But a small portion of our force was actually engaged with the enemy. The loss of Mr. iDan Ladds mill at Newport is almost a calamity to the citizens of Wakulla County. In the hurry of getting out our last weeks paper we omitted to state that it was burned by our forces ,as also the workshops connected with it. The mill did the grinding of a large portion of the county, besides furnishing meal to many families who had no corn to grind. The workshops and saw-mill are a great loss to the Government, as they have been used for important Govern- ment work for some time past. A large quantity of valuable patterns were also destroyedthe accumulation of years. Nothing was saved from either the mill or shops. The bridge was not burned, as at first stated, but only torn to pieces by our forces. It was easily repaired after the Yankees left. We are requested to state that the band of the Seventh Florida Regiment will give their concerts on next Monday and Tuesday even- ings. They could not fill their appointments for this city (7th and 8th) on account of the disturbed state of affairs consequent upon the late battle. We hope the lady and gentlemen amateurs of our city will lend their aid, and that they may realize a large sum from their enter. tainments for their noble undertaking of furnishing sugar and sirup to the Florida Brigade of Tennessee. On Tuesday last it was discovered tliat an attempt had been made to burn the Aucilla trestle on the Pensacola and Georgia Railroad. The damage was slight, not enough to stop the trains. The telegraph wire was also cut at the trestle. This is supposed to be the work of deserters, and may have been a part of the programme of the enemy to prevent troops from being brought up from the east to take a hand in the late fight Page 64 64 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & 0. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. If the people of Georgia had turned out to oppose Sherman as the Floridians have in the battle fought at Natural Bridge, he never could have reached Savannah. Some of the companies only lacked one or two of their whole number. While this spirit animates the whole people we have no fears of the Yankees. Let them do their worst. The Kilcrease Artillery, Capt. Patrick iloustoun, and Dunhams battery, Captain Dunham, acted in the most gallant style, dealing death and destruction to the invaders, and contributed largely to the result of the battle. IIDQRS. DISTRICT OF KEY WEST AND TORTUGAS, April 6, 1865. Lieut. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., lid qrs. liiliil. Div. of West ]Viississipjpi: COLONEL: In transmitting the inclosed copy of a communication from Lient. Commander William Gibson to Admiral Stribling it is proper for me to add a few words. It is evident that had the land force been seconded at all by the naval part of the expedition we should have succeeded to the utmost extent of our expectations. The fort at Saint Marks was prepared to be blown into the air, and parties were engaged to destroy a large lot of cotton at Saint Marks, amounting to about 600 bales. The land troops could have crossed between Newport and Saint Marks (being relieved of the presence of the gun-boat Spray), and with the assistance of 500 men from the navy would have entirely defeated the enemy if he had made a stand. My calculations were that the enemy would concentrate but 600 to 700 local troops, and these with the addition of men pressed for the occasion were increased to about 1,000 men. ~These men, who would not have stood before my troops in any other position, were impregnable at the Natural Bridge, which could have been defended by 200 resolute men, with a few pieces of artillery, against five times their number~ for the reason that the rebel works commanding the passage within fifty paces of it could not be got at because of sloughs, ponds, & c., completely isolating their defen- sive position from assault. About noon, when over 1,000 veterans arrived from Georgia (it is said), owing to detachments necessary to observe the river above and below, I had in line but 500 men, with which number the rebels were defeated and were obliged to retire into their intrenchments and fastnesses. The rebel force altogether was over 2,000 men with at least five light 12-pounders, commanded by Generals Jones and Miller. I had had a complete understanding with Lieutenant-Commander Gibson, who was relieved of his command by the arrival of a superior officer after I had landed and was engaged with the enemy. Such a fact is sufficient to account for a fatal delay or inactivity of the naval force at the critical moment. I am satisfied that had no change been made in the naval commanders at this inop- portune moment we could not have failed to accomplish our most sanguine expectations. After information has fully satisfied me that the plan of the expedition was well laid and deserved success. It is my duty to lay my opinions frankly before the general commanding, but at the same time, unless required, I do not think it proper to make tk~se public as yet. My force was but 900, and amounted to a rai Page 65 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS, FLA. 65 only, depending for success upon rapidity of movement, while the large naval force, which availed me nothing, puts me in the false posi- tion of apologizing for the want of complete success in an expedition which appears to those not acquainted to have been made on a large scale. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier- General. [Inclosure.] U. S. STEAMER MAHASKA, ,S~aint Marks River, Pta., March 21, 1865. Acting Rear-Admiral C. K. STRIELING, Commanding East Gulf Blockading A3quadron: SIR: I have the honor to forward a communication received on the 18th instant by a flag of truce from Maj. Gen. Sam. Jones, commanding at Tallahassee, with a copy of my reply. On the 20th the enemy sent another flag, only to say that if we wished to communicate we should fire a gun at 8 a. m. and they would meet us at Four-mile Point. Quite a number of refugees, white men and contrabands, have recently come on board. From twoa one-legged white man named James Wetzel, who claims to have been taken prisoner from the U. S. Army, and a colored man named Charles AmosI have information which, as it was received at different times and closely tallies, may be considered rea- sonably reliable. I send you the nien, that you may personally ques- tion them. On the 18th instant Captain Strickland and one private of his party were executed by the rebels (shot). The salt-works here are of vital importance to the rebels. After our attack salt went from $30 to $50 per bushel, Confederate money. About 2,000 of the enemy encountered General Newton at the Natural Bridge, near Newport. A moiety was collected from the vicinity, old men and young boys included, and 1,000 well-drilled volunteer troops from Georgia arrived toward the close of the fight. About 3,500 men are all that they can gather now at Tallahassee. Their description of the fort agrees with that given us before the attack, with additional particulars. The mag- azine is at the east end of the fort and is higher than the top of the parapet. It is made of logs, seven feet thick. A smaller magazine for the largest rifle gun is at the other extremity. In anticipatioii of the attack all the guns had been removed from the Spray and mounted on the fort. Two smooth-bore, old pattern, ringed, cascabel 32-pounders were left on the lighter alongside the Spray. The armament of the fort thus increased was two 32-pounders, rifled; one rifle gun, described as a Parrott (probably 30-pounder), and one 12-pounder rifled gun, cap. tured from us, and two smooth-bore 32-pounders, similar to those on the lighter. But at the time of the attack (they state) there were only three men left in the fort, and trains were laid and orders left to blow up both the fort and vessel on the near approach of the gun-boats. Wetzel says there are no good artillerists in the fort. As regards obstructions, a flat-boat was sunk in the river a short distance below Port Leon a long time since. Recently (as our own people had seen) many of the stones were taken out of her and she was floating to one side, leaving a channel, the soldier says, to the left of her, going up. At the time of the fleet moving up there were no obstructions between Port Leon and the fort. Pens (to be sunken with stones) were being made, and pine logs chained together, with spearheads pointing down 5 R RYOL XLIX, PT Page 66 66 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. stream (such as they had at Charleston), were to be submerged in what was intended to be an inviting channel between the pens. These were not in readiness, and withal would have been only 100 yards from the fort. We have reason to believe, from watching the movements of the Sprays boat and from the talk of some of the contrabands, that they are dropping torpedoes in the river. They have thrown up rifle-pits in rear of the fort. I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. GIBSON, Lient. Commander, Comdg. First Div., East Gulf Block. ~quadron. In the fight near Newport the enemys loss is reported to be more severe than ours. Individual informants state 3 officers killed and 30 men killed and wounded. WM. GIBSON, Lieutenant- Commander. HDQRS. DISTRICT OF KE~ WEST AND TORTUGAS, Key West, Pla., April 19, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit herewith a report of the operations in this district during the months of February and March. This report, although previously sent to headquarters Military Division of West Mississippi, is likewise, by advice from thence, transmitted direct to Washington. I have a few additional remarks to offer. The paragraph of the report marked (*) may with propriety be slightly amended and enlarged to prevent misunderstanding. A portion only of the troops were at the Natural Bridge and kept there for the purpose of feeling the enefimy; the remainder were on the open pine barren, about 300 yards from the Natural Bridge. The withdrawal spoken of in the paragraph alluded to was simply the swinging back of that portion at the bridge to unite with those already in position in the pine barren, but this was done only when it had been demonstrated that the enemys position was unassailable, owing to absolute physical obstacles. The enemys force, when we first encountered them at the Natural Bridge, was over 1,000, with two to four batteries of artillery (one of their papers men: tions four batteries present). During the engagement the enemy was re-enforced by 1,000 additional troops, said to have come from the neighborhood of Pensacola and from Georgia. When the enemy were re-enforced they essayed an attack upon our troops, but were promptly repulsed with loss and driven back to their original position. After this we never saw an infantry soldier of the enemy, although we waited on the field for an hour, and during our march back to the light-house a few straggling portions of their cavalry were alone visible. The expedition started with 893 men, but the detachments at New- port and outposts up and down the river, together with losses in action, had reduced this number to 500 men at the moment when the enemy became re-enforced; with 500 men, therefore, a force of four to fiVe times its number was decisively repulsed. All the troops engaged at the Natural Bridge were black troops, of Second and Ninety-ninth Col- ored Infantry. The boldness of our attack gave the enemy the idea of a much superior force on our part, which they actually believe to have been nearly 2,000. The disposition made of our troops was such that the enemy could use but a portion of their available men, and their .papers declare that one-half at least did not fire a shot. The resul Page 67 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS, FLA. 67 was that the rebels could make but little use of vastly superior forces. The enemy evacuted Saint Marks, leaving but three men to blow up the fort there, destroy their gun-boat, the Spray, plying between Saint Marks and Newport, and burn 500 bales of cotton at the depot at Saint; Marks, and, had the navy advanced, all of the objects contemplated iii the expedition could, I think, have certainly been accomplished. The navy did not get to Port Leon nor land the 600 seamen there, as prom- ised, and in consequence I could not cross between Newport and Saint Marks after the destruction of the bridge at Newport, which was effected by the retiring enemy; neither could I draw upon my ammuni- tion and provisions on shipboard. The expedition was a raid of a small body of infantry, there being no mounted men in this district, and was intended, besides the destruction of the enemys public prop- erty, to give them employment nearer home and prevent them organiz- ing expeditions against our small forts on the southern peninsula of Florida, an object which has been fully accomplished. I learn also that it effected a powerful diversion in favor of Steele6 column march- ing from Pensacola, which was a contemplated benefit of the expedi- tion. The naval force, which exaggerated the importance of the expe- dition in the public eye, being unable to perform the part assigned was, to say the least, of no benefit to our operations. The expedition was not undertaken to go to Thomasyille, capture Tallahassee, or occupy any part of the country, uiiless it should afterward appear that Saiiit Marks possessed great advantages for the latter purpose. A great deal of the information imparted in this communication has been gained since my report to General Canbys headquarters. I send here- with a sketch of the country.* The enemys available force when the expedition started did not exceed 700 men. I have the honor to be, your obedieut servant, JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier- General, Commanding. ADDENDA - Report of casualties in action, March 6, 1865, at Natural Bridge, Eta. Killed. wounded~ Missing. command. Remarks. a - a - C ~ C C ~ S a a a 0 ~ i~ Lient. E. carrington, 143d New Staff 1 1 2 York volunteers, killed. { s is t an t adjutant-general, 2d Florida cavalry 1 2 --- - 13 16 capt. E. B. tracy, 2d U. S. 2d U. s. colored infantry 10 6 41 - - - - 1 58 colored Infantry, acting as- wounded severely. 99th U. s. colored Infantry.. 1 8 2 37 1 23 72 Maj. B. c. Lincoln and Second Lieut. T. H. Murphy, 2d U. s. colored Infantry, have since died of their wounds. Total 2 19 9 80 1 37148 JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HDQRS. DISTRICT OF KEY WEST AND TORTUGAS, Hey West, Pta., March 19, 1865. * See p. 68 Page 68 68 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA Page 69 OPERATIONS ABOUT SAINT MARKS~ FLA. 69 IIDQRS. DISTRICT OF KEY WEST AND TORTUGAS, ]ifarch 21, 1865. JAeut. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., lid qrs. Miii. Div. of West Mississippi: COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following recommendations for gallant and distinguished services: Col. B. H. Townsend, Second U. S. Colored Infantry. Gallantry in action 5th and 6th of March. Wounded, but refused to quit the field until the fight was over. Recommended for a war medal. Maj. Benjamin C. Lincoln, Second U. S. Colored Infantry. Gallant and distinguished conduct in action February 9, March 5 and 6. Mor- tally wounded; died March 9. Recommended to receive brevets of lieutenant-colonel and colonel. Capt. E. B. Tracy, Second U. S. Colored Infantry, acting assistant adjutant-general but took command of his company during the whole expedition; highly distinguished for courage and conduct; severely wounded. Recommended to receive brevet of major. First Lient. C. Seymour, Second U. S. Colored Infantry. In command of artillery on the 5th and 6th. Severely wounded. Highly distiii- guished for courage and conduct. Recommended to receive brevet of captain. Second Lient. Thomas H. Murphy, Second U. S. Colored Infantry. Succeeded Lieutenant Seymour in command of artillery. Highly dis- tinguished for courage and conduct. Mortally wounded died March 12; Recommended to receive brevet of captain. Lieut. Col. Un B. Pearsall, Ninety-ninth U. S. Colored Infantry. Distinguished for activity and gallantry in the action of the 6th. Wounded, but retained command of his regiment. Recommended for brevet of colonel. Capt. Frank 1). Harding and Capt. Edward S. Rigney, Ninety.ninth U. S. Colored Infantry. Distinguished gallantry and good conduct in the engagement of the 6th. Recommended for brevet of major. Maj. E. C. Weeks, Second Florida Cavalry. For gallant and distin- guished conduct February 9 and March 4, 5, and 6, and for general conduct. Recommended for brevet of lieutenant-colonel. Capt. James Doyle, One hundred and tenth New York Volunteers. For efficient conduct while in command of Fort Myers and for skill and ability displayed in repelling attack of the enemy February 20. Rec- ommended for brevet of major. Second Lieut. E. Carrington, One hundred and forty-third New York Volunteers, aide-de-camp. Mortally wounded on 6th; died on 6th of March. Highly distinguished for courage and conduct and for general efficiency. Recommended for brevet of captain. Capt. C. H. Willett, Second U. S. Colored Infantry. Recommended for brevet of major. I have the honor to be,. your obedient servant, JOHN NEWTON, Brigadier- General, Commanding. No. 2. Maj. Edmund C. Weeks, Second Florida Cavalry (Union). HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Cedar Keys, Pla., March 9, 1865. - SIR: I have the honor to report for the information of the general commanding that all the forces under my command (with the exceptio Page 70 70 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. of a sufficient guard over the Government stores left at this post) were embarked on board the U. S. steam gun-boat Magnolia on Monday noon, February 27,1865. At daylight next day, Tuesday, came to anchor at the bar off Saint Marks. Owing to a dense fog did not communicate with the other vessels of the expedition until Wednesday. On Thursday (March 2) landed six men, under William Strickland, at the mouth of the Aucilla River, with orders to burn the railroad bridge at the head of that stream. Did not effect a landing at the Little Ancilla as contem- plated with another detachment (forthe purpose of cuttingtherailroad in the rear of Saint Marks) owing to the number of pickets stationed there. Another party, under Mr. Green, citizen, was landed near Shell Point, with orders to proceed to the Ocklockonee Railroad bridge and burn it. On Friday, at 7 p. in., agreeable to orders, I landed with sixty men of the Second Florida Cavalry and a detachment of thirty sailors, under Acting Ensign Whitman. I dispatched Mr. Whitman up East River, with orders to proceed to the bridge, about four miles from the light- house, and to secure if possible the picket stationed there and to hold the bridge until I should come up. Owing to the strong wind blowing I did not succeed in effecting a landing until midnight. Advanced immediately up to the bridge, where I arrived at 4 a. m. Found that Mr. Whitman had surprised the picket but did not capture it, as they fled, leaving their arms, one, & c. At sunrise I was attacked by a cavalry force of about sixty men. Repulsed them without loss on our part. Killed several of the rebels and wounded three or four of them. Sent a mounted officer to the light-house to see whether the troops had landed with the intention if they had landed, to hold the bridge. Upon his return, reporting that the ships were ashore at the bar and no troops landed, I concluded to fall back to the light-house, knowing that I could not hold my position without re-enforcements. They skir- mished with me until I arrived at the light-house. Upon arriving at Newport, on Sunday, at 11 a. in., I discovered the bridge over Newport River on fire, and agreeable to orders I charged on the enemy for the purpose of saving the bridgeall under heavy fire. Found the enemy strongly posted behind intrenchments on oppo- site side, and found that the bridge was burned at one end and cut off at the other, and that the enemy had complete command of the approach to the bridge with their musketry. Having two pieces of artillery I posted one to play directly across the bridge, and the other on the right to enfilade their pits. I did not succeed in driving them out. Upon being ordered to remain at Newport to guard the bridge I posted sharpshooters along the river. They were engaged most of the day and night. On Monday, at 2 p. in., the enemy opened fire with one piece of artillery on my pickets in rear of my camp. They kept up a sharp and well-directed fire of artillery and musketry for four hours. They endeavored to get hold on the bridge, first to repair it, and afterward to cross it. I repulsed them. I cannot speak in too high terms of praise of the assistance rendered by Captain Ransom, of General Newtons staff, in promoting the success of my movements. The officers and men under me, one and all, behaved in the most creditable manner. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, EDMUND C. WEEKS, Major Second Florida Cavalry, Commanding Post. ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL, District of Key West and Tortugas, Key West Page 71 EXPEDITION TO MILTON, FLA. 71 FEBRUARY 2225, 1865.Expedition from Barrancas to Milton, Fla., and skirmishes. REPOHTS. No. 1.Brig. Gen. Alexander Asbotli, U. S. Army, commanding District of West Florida. No. 2.Lient. Col. Andrew B. Spnrling, Second Maine Cavalry, commanding expe- dition. No. 1. Reports of Brig. Gen. Alexander Asboth, U. S. Army, commanding Di& trict of West Florida. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF WEST FLORIDA, Barrancqs, February 24, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that Lieutenant-Colonel Spur- ling, whom I sent day before yesterday with a small force of 350 men to Milton, Fla., in order to surprise a rebel force, succeeded in capturing 19 prisoners of war, 25 horses, ai~id 4 mules. One rebel soldier was killed and 1 mortally wounded. Our men met with no loss. The pris- oners and animals arrived here last night on the quartermaster steamer Matamoras, which vessel I ordered back at once to bring down Lieuten- ant-Colonel Spurling and his command, who had to remain at Milton, the boat not carrying more than fifty horses. Very respectfully, captain, your obedient servant, A. ASBOTH, Brigadier- general, Commanding. Capt. F. W. EMERY, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Dist. of West Florida and Southern Alabama. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF WEST FLORIDA, Barraneas, February 26, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit to the major-general command- ing, in connection with my report of the 24th instant, that Lieutenant- Colonel Spurling, Second Maine Cavalry, safely returned from the Milton expedition with all of his men on the steamer Matamoras, bringing in ten horses and one mule more, making a total of men and animals captured and brought in of 19 men, 27 horses, and 5 mules, with a destruction of 50 stand of arms and accouterments, together with all of the enemys camp equipage. The full report of Lieutenant- Colonel Spurling I beg to inclose. I have the honor further to report that a scouting party of fifty men of the First Florida Cavalry, under command of Lient. C. B. Pickard, sent out with the view of capturing the rebel pickets reported to be at Perdido Mills, has also safely returned. They crossed the Perdido, but found no rebels, they having returned to Greenwood on the afternoon of the 24th. On his return homeward Lieutenant Pickard came upon the track of three rebel scouts and succeeded in capturing two of them. They belong to the Sixth Alabama Cavalry, and were sent out from Canoe Station to get information about our forces here. One of these prisoners, a very intel- ligent man, gives quite an interesting statement, with the important news that a whole Alabama brigade of Cheathams division broke from the train at Montgomery and, dispersing, left for their homes, and that Columbia and Charleston, S. C., were evacuated by the Confederates and occupied by the Federals, and that Sherman is on his way toward Richmond. I beg to inclose copy of his statement, and, as the inform Page 72 72 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ant desires to take the oath of allegiance and remain within our lines to the close of the war, it appears reliable. Very respectfully, captain, your obedient servant, A. ASBOTII, General, Commanding. Capt. F. ~T EMERY, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Dist. of West Florida and Southern Alabama. No. 2. Report of Lieut. Col. Andrew B. Spurling, Second Maine Cavalry, commanding expedition. CAMP SECOND MAINE CAVALRY, Barrancas, Fla., February 25, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the recent expedition to Milton, Fla.: At 3 p. m. February 22 I embarked on the steamer Matamoras, in command of 50 mounted and 250 dismounted men of the Second Maine Cavalry. At 10 oclock in the evening I reached Pierces Mills and dis- embarked the dismounted cavalry as soon as the wharf at that point could be repaired. I placed Capt. B. G. Merry in command, and this force was moved cautiously during the night to Milton. So secretly and quietly did they proceed that the enemys picket posted there knew nothing of the approach. The enemys camp was found six miles far- ther on, in the direction of Pollard, and our troops succeeded in gain- ing the rear without in any way giving alarm. A little after daylight they marched upon the enemy, completely surprising his camp, making quite a number of men prisoners, and capturing nearly all their horses, killing one man and seriously wounding another, a few only escaping into the swamps close by the camp, from which it was impossible to bring them out. All of their arms, ammunition, equipments, and camp equipage was also captured, which was destroyed, the soldiers being too tired to bring it away and there being no means of transportation. At 3.30 a. m. I caused the boat to be moved up the river to Bagdad, and the fifty mounted men to be put on shore. I then proceeded with these men on the road where the enemys picket of four men was posted, and it the direction of his camp. I reached the picl~et about daylight, capturing 2 men, wounding 1, and the other made his escape unharmed. Soon afterward I reached their camp, where I found the dismounted cavalry under command of Captain Merry, who had suc- ceeded in surprising it, as has been stated before. The boat not being large enough to carry my whole force, together with the captured men and horses, I dispatched it late in the afternoon with them in charge of a small guard. The boat returned the next day in the afternoon, and on the following morning, February 25, I embarked my whole force and returned to Barrancas, where I arrived in the afternoon about 4 oclock. The results of the expedition are 19 prisoners, 1 being left behind too severely wounded to be brought off, 29 horses, and 5 mules. Three horses being diseased and worthless I caused to be shot. Fifty stand of arms, with fall accouterments, together with all the enemys camp equipage, were destroyed. There were no casualties among my own men. I am, lieutenant, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. B. SPUIILING, Lieutenant- Colonel Second Maine Cavalry. Lient. J. WILLIAM HAIGHT, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., District of West Florida Page 73 EXPEDITION TO FLORENCE, ALA. 73 MARCH 1, 1865.Skirmish near Philadelphia, Tenn. Report of Capt. William A. Cochran, Seventh Tennnessee Mounted Infantry. ATHENS, March 2, 18659.30 a. m. I sent a scout out yesterday after the guerrillas that were [nearj Philadelphia. They ran into the rear of them, and killed 5 or 6, and captured 7 horses and large amounts of other property, such as cloth- ing, boots, and shoes. We took no prisoners. W. A. COCHRAN, Commanding Seventh Regiment. Brigadier-General TILLSON. ADDENDA. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF EAST TENNESSEE AND FOURTH DIVISION, TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Knoxville Tenn Mar Capt. W. A. COCHRAN, .~ ch 2, 1865. Comdg. Seventh Tennessee Mounted Infantry, Athens, Tenn.: Your dispatch received. I am exceedingly pleased with your success, and especially with your not taking any prisoners. Have you any definite information of the rebel raiders killing any unarmed Union men since the guerrillas you have as prisoners at Athens were taken ~l DAVIS TJLLSON, Brig. Gen., U. S. Volunteers, Comdg. District and Division. MARCH 16, 1865.Expedition from Gravelly Springs to Florence, Ala. Report of Capt. Lot Abraham, Fourth Iowa Cavalry. GRAVELLY SPRINGS, ALA., March 6, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of my expe- dition in obedience to your orders of March 1: Starting from camp just before dark that evening, I marched to Rawhide and camped for the night. I found the roads very bad, night dark and rainy, and had some trouble in finding the place. On the 2d I started early, during a heavy rain, and followed your instructions until I arrived at Shoal Creek, which could not be forded, and I fol- lowed down on this side, arriving in Florence at dark, where I found the different detachments waiting, and that we had picked up about fifty prisoners during the day, and heard that a party calling them- selves Federal soldiers had passed through Florence that day, robbing and plundering. I soon learned that some of the men we wanted were with that party, but it was then too late, dark, and rainy to follow. I received your orders to bring all prisoners to camp next day. Quar- tered in deserted building in Florence that night, and called on the cit- izens to feed the prisoners, which they did willingly. Next morning (the 3d) I started a detachment after Thrashers party, and started for camp with the rest of my command and the prisoners, but could not cross Cypress Creek and sent them back to Florence. I worked all that day in the rain trying to send a messenger to headquarters. Suc- ceeded in the evening by sending a little fiat-boat down the river. Being out of rations and forage, that evening I called on the citizen Page 74 74 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. to divide, which they did willingly, with a few exceptions. I arrested a soldier straggling about, on the 2d, named John Agnes, belonging to Ninth Indiana Cavalry. He said he had been up there sick for three weeks and wanted to return with us to camp to find his regiment. He broke away from the guards that night, and I learned since that he had been engaged in robbing, & c. Several citizens told me they believed most of the robbing had been done by men who were with Lieutenant Thrasher, or men from about Clifton. They all say Thrasher is an honorable man but blame him for having such men with him. Tom and Bishop Clark, Tom Dennis, Paul Ketty, Bill Bridges,~and Pete Grimes are the names of some of his party. A man calling him- self Phillips seemed to be the worst character. I received supplies of forage and rations by the steamer Rosa Sunday, the 5th instant, and returned to camp, arriving at 3 oclock this p. m. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, LOT ABRAhAM, Captain Company D, Fourth iowa Cavalry. Maj. E. B. BEAUMONT, Assi. Adjt. Gen., Cavalry Corps, Mit. Div. of the Mississippi. MARCH 24, 1865.Operations about Athens, Teun. Report of Capt. William A. Cochran, Seventh Tennessee Mounted Infantry. ATHENS, March 4, 18653.55 p. m. The guerrillas made a raid into this county the night of the 2d. We pursued them within fourteen miles of Murphy, and killed S of them, captured 15 horses, 2 Spencer rifles, 2 carbines, 2 fine pistols, and other property. Killed Wheeler Maston, Captain Mastons brother. Captain Burnett, of Company C, commanded the scout. W. A. COCHRAN, Captain, Commanding Seventh Tennessee Mounted Infantry. Brigadier-General TILLSON. MARCH 3, 1865.Skirmish near Tunnel Hill, Ga. Report of Capt. John P. Cravens, One hundred and forty-fifth Indiana Infantry. TUNNEL HILL, March 6, 1865. I was out repairing the wire with a small squad on Friday last, and was attacked by McDonald with double my force. He captured four of my men. After paroling them he sends a note addressed to yoa, which is as follows: I am in command of a detachment, by order of General Wheeler, C. S. Army. I am not a guerrilla, as you suppose. I now beseech you to recognize my paroles. If not, the crime of inhumanity be on your own head and not on mine. A. McDONALD. II shall send it by first train. Shall I recognize his paroles l Answer. J. P. CRAVENS, Captain, Commanding Post. Major-General STEEDMAN Page 75 EXPEDITION INTO NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI. 75 MARCH 35, 1865.Reconnaissance from Cumberland Gap, Tenn., toward Jonesville, Va., with skirmishes (4th) at Balls Bridge, Va., and (5th) at Tazewell, Tenn. Reports of Lieut. Cot. William C. Bartlett, Second North Carolina Mounted Infantry. CUMBERLAND GAP, March 5, 1865. On the 3d I made a reconnaissance toward Jonesyille. Was attacked yesterday morning at Balls Bridge by about 250 rebels. We whipped them and drove them back up the valley. Owing to high waters I did not follow them over a conple of miles. I had 103 men with me. Has courier arrived with letter of mine to A. G. If so please retain letter till you hear from me. Please answer. W. C. BARTLETT, Lieutenant- Colonel. Captain DEANE, Assistant Adjutant- General. CUMBERLAND GAP March 5, 18G5. Part of Giltners command surrounded Tazewell this a. m. and made a formal demand for surrender. This was refused, and they attacked Jennings with vigor. The enemy was thoroughly beaten, numbers killed and wounded, and Lieutenant Richmond captured. Have as yet no further details. Rebels asked time to bury their dead, but Lieuten- ant Jennings charged them instead. The attacking force was com- manded by Lieutenant-Colonel Prentice, Seventh Confederate Cavalry Battalion. W. C. BARTLETT, Lieutenant- Colonel. Brigadier-General TILLSON. ADDENDA. IIEAII\QUARTERS DISTRICT OF EAST TENNESSEE AND FOURTH DIVISION, TWENTY-THIRD ARMY Coups, ., rch 5, 1865. Licut. Col. W. C. BARTLETT. Knoxville, Tenn Ma Commanding, Cumberland Gap: Your dispatch received. I congratulate you upon your success. How much force did the enemy have I Is there any reason to suppose that they were the advhance of any considerable force or anything more than a raid ~ that it means DAVIS TILLSOX, Brig. Gen., U. S. Volunteers, Comdg. District and Division. MARCH 311, 1865.Expedition from Memphis, Teun., into Northern Mis sissippi. HEPORTS. No. 1.Col. John P. C. Shanks, Seventh Indiana Cavalry, commanding expedition. No. 2.Limit. Co]. Hagh Cameron, Second Arkansas Cavalry, commanding First Brigade. No. 3.Lient. Col. Abel H. Seley, Fifth Illinois Cavalry. No. 4.Col. Hasbrouck Davis, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, commanding Second Bri- gade. No. 5.Capt. Oliver Grosvenor, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry. No. 6.Maj. Newton De Forest, Second Wisconsin Cavalry, commanding Third Brigade Page 76 76 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 1. Report of ~Jol. John P. C. Shanks, Seventh Indiana Cavalry, commanding expedition. IIDQES. CAVALRY DIVISION, DIST. o~ WEST TENNESSEE, Memphis, Tenn., March 22, 1865. Maj. W. II. MORGAN, A ssistant Adjutant~ General: MAJOR: I have the honor to forward report of Col. J. P. C. Shanks, comman(lillg detachment of division on a recent expedition into North- ern Mississippi. Particular attention is called to the part of his report referring to the good conduct of the men of his command during the expedition. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. D. OSBAND, Col. Third U. S. Colored Cay., Comdg. Cay. Div., Dist. of West Tenn. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., CAV. DIV., DIST. OF WEST TENN., Camp Shanks, Memphis, Tenn., March 15, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the following as my action while in command of the recent expedition into North Mississippi: In pursuance of orders from division headquarters I marched with the serviceable part of the First Brigade at 6 a. m. of the 3d instant, with two days rations in haversacks and 100 rounds carbine and twenty-five rounds pistol ammunition, and one mule and pannier for each twenty men to carry five days rations from point on railroad thereafter to be designated. At 9 a. m. I was ordered by Col. E. D. Osband, command- ing division, to take command of detachments from First, Second,and Third Brigades and move them to Germantown, with orders to leave 100 men from Second Wisconsin at Whites Station, and during march to watch all movements in vicinity of Memphis and Charleston Rail- road. These orders obeyed, I camped at Germantown at 3 p. m., First Brigade on south, Second Brigade on north, Third Brigade on west of ___ town~ os e4 guards at all the houses inhabited. This and the two days previous it rained without ceasing. Distance marched, fifteen miles. At 4 p. m. Colonel Osband arrived on train with forage. March 4, called camp at 5 a. in.; remained in camp until 5 p. in., when train arrived with rations and additional forage. At 5 p. m. Lieu- teiiant-Colonei Funke, commanding Third Biigade, was ordered to return to Memphis with detachments Eleventh Illinois and Third U. S. Colored Cavalry. At 6 p. in., one days forage and ten days rations having been issued, five of which were in packs and five in haversacks, I marched from Germantown on the Collierville road in command of the expedition. My command consisted of the following detachments: First Brigade, commanded by Lient. Col. Hugh Cameron, Second Arkan- sas CavalrySecond Arkansas, Captain OBrien commanding, 300 men; Fifth Illinois, Lieutenant-Colonel Seley commanding, 348 men; Seventh Indiana, Major Simonson commanding, 370 men. Total, 37 officers and 1,018 men. Second Brigade, Col. II. Davis, Twelfth Illinois, com- mandingTwelfth Illinois Cavalry, 228 men; First Iowa Cavalry, Colonel Thompson commanding, 471 men; Eleventh New York Cavalry, 295 men. Total, 38 officers and 994 men. Third Brigade, Maj. N. De Forest, Second Wisconsin Cavalry, commandingSecond Wisconsin Cavalry, Maj. M. W. Wood commanding, 393 men; Fourth Illinois Cav- alry, Capt. A. T. Search commanding, 267 men. Total, 660 men Page 77 EXPEDITiON INTO NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI. 77 My command consisted of officers and 2,672 men armed and equipped. I camped one mile southeast of Collierville at 9 p. m. on the Widow Browns farm. Distance traveled, nine miles. Second Brigade in advance this day. March 5, called camp at 5 a. in.; marched at 7, Third Brigade in advance, Second Wisconsin in advance of brigade. Advance and provost guards from this regiment. Fine country, but no farming being done. Detached squads on roads right and left. Forage scarce, but secured enough. Heard of the enemy in our advance giving notice of our approach. At Mount Pleasant their number increased to ten. Soon after passing this place the advance drove this squad hurriedly across Coldwater, swimming their horses after them. Major iDe Forest led this movement and relieved the command of these advertisers. Camped one mile southeast Lamar Station, on Mississippi Central iRail- road, at 6 p. in., on farm of A. C. Treadwell. Distance marched, twenty- four miles. March 6, called camp at 4 a. in. and marched at 6. Order of march: First Brigade, Second Brigade, Third Brigade, Second Arkansas being in advance, and the advance and provost guard furnished by this regi- ment. This day bridges gone. Roads continue rough, much washed, and streams and low ground muddy. Reached Salem at 10 a. in. No information of our approach. I here learned that Colonel Crossland, in command of troops from Kentucky on their way to West Point to join Forrest, had reached Ripley two days previous, and with a possi. bility that they had not moved on, as they were looking for re-enforce- ments. This command was variously estimated at from 500 to 2,000. I moved promptly to intercept him, and was entering the town of Rip- ley with my column before noticed by the few soldiers found there. The advance, thrown forward rinto] the town, led by Captain Moore, acting aide, caught most of the soldiers there, who were only a con- scripting band. Colonel Crossland had marched southward thirty-six hours before my arrival, his command consisting of .300 cavalry. The latter portion of this days march was through a pine country. Forage very scarce. I camped the First and Second Brigades in an excellent position on southwest side of town, the Third Brigade on northwest, controlling roads on which troops would enter from Kentucky or Ten- nessee. Command got forage except a portion of the Third Brigade. I distributed the country for scouting and foraging among the several brigades. To the Third Brigade I assigned Salem, Sanlsbury, Nubbin Ridge, or Pocahontas, and Ruckersville roads, with territory included; to the First Brigade (reduced by sending Fifth Illinois to railroad) the Booneville, Guntown, and Baldwyn roads; to the Second Brigade th~ Cotton Gin (or Kelleys), New Albany, Oxford, and lower Salem roads. I sent scouts on all the roads above mentioned from fifteen to twenty- five miles. On the Oxford road to Holly Springs Crossing, fourteen miles. On Albany road to New Albanya portion of this scout swam the Tallahatchie at New Albany in pursuit of a sqnad of rebels. On Cotton Gin road to Kelleys Mills and across and right and left along the banks twelve miles. On Guntown road to junction of Baldwyn road, eighteen miles. On road north of town from eight to ten miles. I had a guard placed at every house in the town. Marched by twos. Traveled forty miles. March 7, at 5 a. in. i sent Lieutenant-Colonel Seley with his com- mand, and fifty men under Captain Wardlaw, Fourth Illinois, on road leading east to Booneville, on Mobile and Ohio Road, with orders to destroy that road from Booneville to Baldwyn as effectually as possible, and reach camp at Ripley on the 9th at noon; with further instruction Page 78 78 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. that if he found to his satisfaction that that portion of the road included within his former instructions was being run under a truce between Major-General Thomas and General Forrestconditioned, as I had learned it was, that the road should not be used for military purposes then he should not destroy it. He found it under this regulation, and returned to camp ou the evening of the 8th at 5 p. m. A copy of his report* I herewith inclose and make part of this report. There were a number of cars loaded with corn for citizens carried under this arrange- ment. Colonel Seley deserves credit for the promptness with which he moved under these orders through the worst of roads with a scarcity of forage, the distance and return being near eighty miles. March 8,1 sent Major Simonson with 200 men on Guntown road to junction with Baidwyn road to support Lieutenant-Colonel Seley, and on Colonel Seleys return I ordered Major Simonson to return, He reached camp at 10 p. m. this day. I kept all approaches thoroughly scouted, turning the scouting party into a return forage detail when- ever no enemy had been discovered within the limits of their instruc- tions. In this way I got forage and kept my camp strong at the same time. No enemy was found in force. March 9, finding no enemy north of the Tallahatchie, and the tenor of my orders, amount of my rations, condition of streams, bridges, and roads, with the great scarcity of forage in my rear and, in fact, north ol that river, and the arrangement of neutrality upon the Mobile and Ohio Railroad rendering it unsafe to destroy it, thus at once depriving me of the power to materially injure the enemy, I judged it proper to return my command in as good condition as possible. Called camp at 5 a. m. and marched at 7 a. m. on Saulsbury road. Road narrow, washed in places, and streams and low ground very muddy. Order of march: Second Brigade, Third Brigade, First Brigade, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry in front and forming advance guard and provost guard. Weather bad. Captured Captain and Lieutenant Hammond, adjutant Four- teenth Tennessee. Camped on Grays farm, two miles southwest of Saulsbury. Distance marched, twenty-nine miles. Found forage suffi- cient for command by scouring the country from noon. March10, called camp at 4a.m.; marched at 6a.m. Roads muddy; bridges gone. Compelled to march by twos. Order of march: Third Brigade, First Brigade, Second Brigade, Second Wisconsin Cavalry in advance. Advance and provost guards from this regiment. Reached Grand Junction at 9a.m.; La Grange at 10a.m. Captured three men at this place. Crossed Wolf River; crossing bad, bottom overflowed, and very miry. Marched to Sohos farm. Distance marched, twenty- four miles. March11, called camp at 4.30 a. in.; marched at 7. Order of march: First Brigade, Second Brigade, Third Brigade, Second Arkansas Cav- alry in advance. Advance and provost guards from this regiment. Issued stringent orders that no foraging be permitted. Having opened my left flank to the only possible forces which could be between the Coidwater and Wolf Rivers, I guarded that flank carefully, and learned from a citizen that Bill and Jesse Forrest were preparing to ambush me at some point near Collierville with a force stated at 800 men. I ordered Colonel Davis, with the effective force of his Second Brigade, over on the Holly Springs road, keeping his pack train and unservice- able [animalsj with me. I hoped by this means to hold any force the enemy had between the Coldwater and Wolf, but found no enemy. My command reached Memphis at 9, and were in their respective camps at *See p. 81 Page 79 EXPEDITION INTO NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI. 79 11 p. m. When within one mile of the pickets the front of my com- mand was fired on by guerrillas, two of whom we captured and sent with charges to Irving Block Prison. Five escaped on horseback. I used every endeavor to protect private property, and for this pur- pose issued stringent orders against stealing. I directed each regi- mental commander to appoint a rear guard, with strict instructions to permit no enlisted man to pass or repass unless under detail with a commissioned officer. This, with the provost guard placed at every house and with the general diligence of officers, reduced straggling to small numbers; but permit me to say that a most stringent rule must be adopted to enforce compliance therewith, both with officers and men, before the command will be thoroughly efficient. Every straggler destroys his horse and otherwise wastes the public property intrusted to him. I found the citizens generally depressed. The poor simply asked for peace, and seemed to comprehend that it was their more wealthy neighbors who caused the war. The wealthy are as usual stealthy and corrupt, but their only question was, What is the best the Government will do? There is an evident feeling of doubt amongst them. The best information I could get was that Forrest was himself at West Point. His forces were variously stated at from 10,000 to 30,000. Jackson was said to be at Verona with from 1,000 to 5 000 said to be mounted, to be dismounted, and to be partially mounted, the last of which is probably true. His orders were to move south to join Forrest. The waters were very high; almost all bridges washed away. Roads muddy and much washed. The brigade and regimental commanders and Captains Reed and Moore and Lieutenant Koffman, of my ~taff, deserve mention for their promptness in the performance of their various duties. List of losses in men and material in the several regiments, as reported by their brigade commanders preparatory to this report, showing losses in respective regiments, except in Third Brigade. Losses and gains of stock are not designated: Lost. Captured. Men. __________________ 8 a . 0 W 0 a ~ a a ~ a a ~ ~ CS C 0 ____________ _ _ ~ 0 ~ First Brigade: 7th Indiana Cavalry 7 1 10 7 5th IlLinois Cavalry 20 5 8 2d Arkansas Cavalry 12 8 5 Total Second Brigade: 12th Illinois Cavalry 1st Iowa Cavalry 11th New York Oavalry Total Third Brigade 19 1 23 20 2 14 6 2 9 10 1 15 1 1 1 2 8 28 4 7 7 2 1 57 11 3 1 18 25 1 5 3 1 1 6 3 RECAPITULATION. First Brigade 39 1 21 20 Second Brigade 2 1 57 ii 3 1 18 25 ThirdBrigade 1 5 3 1 1 6 3 Grandtotal 2 1 1 101 15 4 2 47 4 Page 80 80 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Counting on deduction of four men lost, and twenty-eight men must have been dismounted, taking the reports as previously shown. This, however, is not true. In my opinion not one man walked into Memphis, nuless to rest his horse. I am impressed with the belief that company officers cover deficiencies in horses by overestimates of losses on return from long scouts. This subject needs examination, and I have com- menced it in my command. This report has been delayed on account of it, and is defective yet. Sixteen prisoners were delivered to provost- marshal. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN P. C. SHANKS, Colonel, Commanding First Brigade, Cavalry Division, District of West Tennessee, and Comdg. late Expedition. Capt. E. J. MEYERS, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Cavalry Division. No. 2. Report of Lient. Col. Hugh Cameron, & cond Arkansas Cavalry, corn manding First Brigade. HEADQUARTERS SECOND ARKANSAS CAVALRY, Memphis, Xenn., March 13, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report that on the 3d instant, with 300 men of the Second Arkansas Cavalry, at about 6 a. in., I reported to the officer commanding Cavalry Division, my command resting on Main street near the park, and was ordered by said officer to move out on Jefferson street half a mile, halt, and wait for further orders. At 8 a. in. I was placed in command of the First Brigade, 1,018 enlisted men, properly officeredSeveuth Indiana, 370, commanded by Major Simon- son, Seventh Indiana Cavalry; Fifth Illinois, 348, commanded by Lieu- tenant-Colonel Seley, Fifth Illinois Cavalry; Second Arkansas, 300, commanded by Captain OBrien, Second Arkansas Cavalryand marched, with said brigade in advance, to Germantown, where I en- camped. Distance, fifteen miles. March 4, 1865, subsistence and forage were drawn and the march continued twelve miles, via Collierville. March 5, 1865, march continued twenty-five miles, via Mount Pleas- ant and Lamar. March 6, 1865, the brigade in advance, marched to Ripley, via Salem, distance, thirty-eight miles. At this point (Ripley) my advance encountered and dispersed a party of rebels, capturing several stand of arms, some animals, and three prisoners. On the 7th instant a detachment from the brigade, comprising the Fifth Illinois Cavalry, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Seley, was ordered out to destroy the Mobile and Ohio Railroad from Booneville to Baldwyn. For particulars of the scout see report of Lieutenant-Colonel Seley accompanying, marked B.* On the 8th instant a detachment from the brigade, comprising 100 enlisted men of the Seventh Indiana Cav- alry and 100 of the Second Arkansas Cavalry, properly officered, com- manded by Major Simonson, Seventh Indiana Cavalry, was ordered out on the Guntown road. For particulars of this scout see report of Major Simonson accompanying, marked A.t On the 9th the brigade marched to Sanlsbury, thirty-five miles; on the 10th to [Sohos] farm, via Grand Junction and La Grange, crossing Wolf River at the latter * See p. 81. Not found Page 81 EXPEDITION INTO NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI. 81 place, twenty-five miles, and on the 11th, the brigade in advance, marched to Memphis, via Collierville and Germantown, capturing two busliwliackers, who fired npon the advance just outside of the pickets. Animal8 captured and abandoned by brigade. Captured. Aband8lled. 7th Indiana Cavalry 5th Illinois Cavalry 5 8 20 2d Arkansas Cavalry 8 5 12 No casualties. I have the honor to be, & c., HUGH CAMERON, Lieut. Col. Second Arkansas Cavalry, Gomdg. First Brigade. Col. J. P. C. SHANKS, Commanding Cavalry Division, in the Field. No. 3. Report of Lient. Col. Abel II. Seley, Fofth Illinois Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, Memphis, Tenn., March 12, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor herewith to report the part taken by this command during the late expedition into the State of Mississippi: After arriving at Ripley, on the 6th of March, instant, I was ordered to proceed with my regiment and fifty men of the Fonrth Illinois Cavalry (leaving packs and disabled horses) and march to Booneville on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, destroy the same from that point south to Baldwyn, and then return on the Baldwyn road so as to arrive at Ripley by 12 in. of the third day. I moved from camp at 6 a. in. on the 7th and arrived at Booneville, a distance of thirty-five miles, at 4.30 p. m. of the sTame day. I found the road very bad, and at the crossing of the East ilatchie nearly impassable, a recent heavy rain having flooded the swampy bottom, and washed the road entirely away. On arriving at Booneville I learned that the railroad track had washed away at points both above and below, and that it would require some time to repair it. I was also fully convinced that the railroad was operated under a flag of truce, and only for the purpose of carrying supplies to needy citizens living north of Booneville, and that no Confederate supplies nor Con- federate troops were permitted to be carried over the road. This arrangement was in consequence of an agreement entered into between General Thomas, commanding Union forces, and General Forrest com- manding rebel forces. Under these circumstances I did not feeljnstifled in destroying the road, and, as I was informed that the Baldwyn road was impassable, I returned by the same road that I moved out oii, camped two miles from Booneville, started on the morning of the 8th at 5.30, arriving at Ripley at 5 p. m. same day. During the day gave chase to three mounted rebels, capturing two of them. I could hear of no force of rebels nearer than Tupelo, where Forrest was said to be. 6 H HVOL XLIX~ PT Page 82 82 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. During the entire expedition my command has captured 8 mules and 6 horses, which have been turned over to the quartermaster, and has lost 20 horses, which we were compelled to abandon. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, A. II. SELEY, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Colonel CAMERON, Comdg. First Brig, Car. Div., Dept. of the illiississippi. No. 4. Report of Col. ]iliasbronck Davis, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, commanding Second Brigade. IIDQRs. SECOND BRIG., CAY. Div., DIST. OF WEST TENN., Memphis, Tenn., March 13, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that the Second Brigade, form- ing part of your forces on the recent expedition, moved out on March 3 with the following effective strength, viz: a 9 0 0,3 55 50 A o 9 0 Q ~ H 12th illinois 7 228 235 1st Iowa 24 471 495 11th New York 7 295 302 Total 38 994 1, 032 We marched to Ripley, Miss., without any occurrence worthy of men- tion, except the loss of two men between Germantown and Collierville on March 4. These men belonged to Company C, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, and, with another man from the same company, were, in violation of orders, for aging for corn in a barn, where they were captured by a few rebels. One of theni escaped and reached Memphis in disguise, report- ing that he saw the other two murdered. At Ripley Lieutenant-Colonel McQueen, with 100 men from the First Iowa Cavalry, was sent to the Tallahatchie, on the Cotton Plant road, where he remained till the divis- ion moved on the 9th instant. On the 8th a party of the Twelfth Illinois, under Lieutenant Pratt, swam the Tallahatchie and drove a party of twenty-five or thirty rebels out of New Albany without loss. The brigade marched with the division on the 9th, was detached on the 11th by the Marshall Institute road, and reached Memphis without acci- dent on the evening of the same dpy at 11 p. m~ The losses of the brigade are as follows, viz: Enlisted men. 9. 0~O2 a ~9 ,i a a ~ .5 A 0 0 0 ~ a Q 12th Illinois Cavalry 2 14 0 2 1st Iowa Cavalry 1 15 1 1 11th New York Cavalry 28 4 Total 2 1 57 l1~ Page 83 EXPF.DITION INTO NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI. 83 The property captured by the brigade is as follows, viz: Horses. Mules. 12th Illinois Cavalry 9 10 1st Iowa Cavalry 2 8 11th New York Cavalry 7 7 Total 25 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, II. DAVIS, Colonel, Commanding & cond Brigade. Col. J. P. C. SHANKS, (Jommanding, d~c. No. 5. Report of Capt. Oliver Grosvenor, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry. HDQRS. TWELFTH ILLINOIS CAVALRY VOLUNTEERS, SECOND BRIGADE, CAVALRY DIVISION, Memphis, Tenn., March 12, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to respectfully submit the following report of the part taken by the regiment nuder my command in the recent expedition into the interior under command of Colonel Shanks: The Twelfth Illinois Cavalry Volunteers marched with the brigade at 6.30 oclock on the morning of the 3d instant; proceeded to Germantown, Teun., and camped; remained there until the afternoon of the 4th; drew ten days rations; marched to Collierville, a distance of eleven miles, and camped; marched at 7 a. m. 5th instant, and camped at Lamar. On the 6th marched to Ripley, Miss., and went into camp. 7th, remained at Ripley and sent party of thirty men, under Lieutenant Pratt, to New Albany, twenty miles distant, on a scoat, who returned the same night. Remained at Ripley the 8th instant,, doing picket duty. 9th instant, marched at 7 a. m. and returned to Memphis, reaching camp at 11.30 p. m. on the 11th instant. On the march from Germantown to Collier- yule, on the 4th instant, three men of C company were captured by bushwhackers; one of them has since escaped and returned to camp. He reports that the other two were murdered by their captors. During the expedition the regiment lost and abandoned 14 horses and 6 mules, and captured 9 horses and 10 mules. The re prisoners, one of them being a captain. giment also captured 5 I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. GROSVENOR, Captain, Commanding Twelfth Illinois Cavalry Volunteers. Col. H. DAVIS, Commanding & cond Brigade Page 84 84 KY.~ S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA~, & W, FLA. No. 6. Report of ]Ifaj. Newton Dc Forest, Second Wisconsin Garairy, command ing Third Brigade. IIDQRS. SECOND WISCONSIN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, Memphis, Tenn., March 13, 1865. CAPTAIN: J have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by a detachment of the Third Brigade, Cavalry Division, in the recent expedition to Ripley, Miss.: On the 4th of March, 1865, at Germantown, Teun., by direction of Lieutenant-Colonel Funke, commanding the Third Brigade, Cavalry Division, Department of the Mississippi, I assumed command of a detachment of that brigade, consisting of the Second Wisconsin Cav- alry, nnmbering 393 men, Maj. M. W. Wood commanding, and the Fourth Illinois Cavalry, numbering 267, Capt. A. T. Search command- ing. The movements of this command being directed with the main column and nnder the supervision of the colonel commanding, require no particular mention in this report. The losses in the command were trifling, and are as follows: Five horses and 3 mules were abandoned. One man of the Second Wisconsin Cavalry was taken prisoner, but succeeded in making his escape, and returned to the column with the loss of horse and equipments, carbine (Spencer), saber, and accouter- ments. One mail of this regiment died of disease at Ripley. The gain during the expedition was 6 horses and 3 mules, captured in the country. The march for a long distance over hard roads, and through a country poorly supplied with forage, was yet accomplished with little or no detriment to the condition or discipline of my command, aud while there was no particular enterprise that deserves special notice, it is but simple justice to mention the creditable and uniform good conduct of the officers and men of my whole command. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, N. DE FOREST, Maj., 2d Wis. Vol. Cay., Gomdg. detachment 3d Brig., Gay. Div. (On late Expedition). Capt. J. Q. REED, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. MARCH 10, 1866.Skirmish near Boyds Station, Ala. Report of Lient. Frederick Becker, One hundred and elereuth U. S. Colored Infantry. BOYDS STATION, ALA., March 11, 1865. ADJUTANT: I herewith very respectfully report to you a skirmish that took place last evening before dark on ground between here and Woodville Station. About 4 oclock some firing was heard below the gap about one mile from here. I immediately ordered eight men, under charge of Sergt. M. Bell, Company E, One hundred and first U. S. Colored Infantry, to investigate the matter. When they came to the gap they found five men from the next station below driven into the cut half a mile from here, where the guerrillas thought to capture them. My boys, accompanied by these five men, immediately charged the guerrillas, the number of the latter being about eight, and drov Page 85 EXPEDITION FROM YICKSBURG, MISS. 85 them, but as the guerrillas were mounted my men could not get iu fair range of them. They fought theni until night. Report one of the guerrillas wounded or dead, as saw him fall from his horse. The rail- road working party were plundered about 3 oclock on the same ground by the same guerrillas, and further they were ordered not to be found working on the railroad any more. One of their party, a colored boy, was carried off by the guerrillas, and they made him run before their horses with cocked revolvers behind him. What they did with the men is not known; they were not to be seen when the train passed. I am, adjutant, very respectfully, your humble servant, FREDERICK BECKER, First Lieutenant, Commanding Defenses. Lieut. WILLIAM M. SCOTT, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. MARCH 1214, 1865.Expedition from Vicksbnrg, Miss., to Grand Gulf and vicinity. Report of Cot. Orlando C. Risdon, Fifty-third U. S. Colored Troops. HEADQUARTERS FIFTY-THIRD U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Vicksburg, Miss., March 14, 1865. CAPTAIN: Agreeable to instructions from post headquarters I embarked with my regiment on board the steamer Diana at 11 a. m. March 12, 1865, and proceeded down the river. On reaching Hard Times Landing 1 gave the signal for the gun-boat agreed upon. I was not answered and I kept on to Grand Gulf where I ascertained that the gun-boat had left. I then proceeded down the river to the mouth of Bayou Pierre, where I found the gun-boat Mound City. After con- ferring with Captain Paddock, commanding Mound City, we started up Bayou Pierre, the gun-boat in advance. After running up some three or four miles the bayou became so narrow and the trees hung so far over that the Diana could not proceed and I was obliged to return to the mouth of the bayou. From thence I ran up to Grand Gulf, dis- embarked with my command, and started overland for Port Gibson. On reaching Bayou Pierre, some two miles from Port Gibson, I found it too deep to ford, and could get no ferry-boat or skiffs, and there being no other way to cross I returned to Grand Gulf, re-embarked, and ordered that the boat proceed up the river hi the Buckner planta- tion. Here I sent one company ashore, and several deserters from my regiment were arrested and brought on board. I then ordered that the boat proceed to Yicksburg, where we arrived about 9 a. m. of this date. While at Grand Gulf I arrested two citizensa Mr. Sanders, who is reported to have been the man who brought the note to the steamer Monroe which caused her to run up Black River, where she was pillaged and robbed, and the other is Doctor Carrol, who says he is not a Union man and was connected with the rebel army in the early part of the war. I accordingly brought him in as a hostage, in accord- ance with instructions. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. C. RISDON, Capt. A. C. FISK, Colonel~ Commanding Regiment. Assistant Adjutant- General Page 86 86 KY.~ S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. MARCH 13, 1865.Affair near Dalton, Ga. Report of Col. Hiram P. Sickles, One hundred and forty-seventh Illinois Infantry. DALTON, March 13, 1865. About 4 this p. m. the guerrillas captured five railroad hands one mile from my line on Cleveland road. I mounted all the mules and horses I had, and sent them after the guerrillas. Killed 2 of the cusses, cap- tured 1. I am sorry they did not kill him also. What shall I do with hirn~i H. F. SICKLES, - Colonel, Commanding. Major MOE, Assistant Adjutant- General. MARCH 14, 1865.Skirmish near Dalton, Ga. Report of Cot. Hiram P. Sickles, One hundred and forty-seventh Illinois Infantry. DALTON, March 14, 1865. I sent out a small detachment under Major Bush, One hundred and forty-seventh Illinois. He met seventy mounted rebels. Had a fight with them, killing and wounding several. Captured one prisoner from Lees rebel army, Virginia. We had but one man wounded slightly. Will send the prisoner np first train. II. F. SICKLES, Colonel, Commanding. Major MOE, Assistant Adjutant- General. MARCH 1510, 1865.Skirmishes at Boyds Station and Stevensons Gap, Ala. Report of Lient. Jonas P. Long, Seventh Pennsylvania Cavalry, Assistant Inspector of Railroad Defenses, Department of the Cumberland. OFFICE ASSIsTANT INSPECTOR RAILROAD DEFENSES, Huntsville, Ala., March 19, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to report to you of another attack by the enemy, made upon the garrison of colored troops under Lieutenant Becker at Stevensons Gap. The rebel Colonel Mead, with abont 300 Confederate cavalry, keeps himself in the neighborhood of Boyds Station and Stevensons Gap and made several attacks npon the gar- rison stationed at that place. They attacked the working parties on Wednesday, March 15, and drove them in the stockade, and since that keep themselves so close around the camp that they are unable to go on with their work in erecting a good stockade at that place. On Thurs- day night, March 16, they commenced firing on the pickets and soon were entirely around the stockade; after two hours brisk skirmishing they left; came back again on Saturday afternoon, March 18. They attacked them again; succeeded in capturing nine of the garrison belonging to the One hQndred and first U. S. Colored Infantry. I wa Page 87 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 87 there three times this week and every time could see the rebels on the mountain, looking down in the camp where they could observe every- thing that was going on. They do not try to prevent the trains from running, and do not even fire into the trains passing, while they are stationed not over 1,000 yards from the railroad. Lieutenant-Colonel Wade, nowi u charge of the railroad, sent some re-enforcements from Larkiiisville last night, which are apt to stop them from capturing any moreof the garrison. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JONAS F. LONG, Lient., Seventh Penn. Cay., Assistant Inspector Railroad Defenses. Maj. JAMES 11. WILLETT. MARCH 17MAY 4, 1865.The Mobile (Ala.) Campaign. SUMTVIIALRY OIfl IITH~ PRINCIPAL EV7ENTS. Mar. 17, 1865.The advance of the Union forces (Canbys column) moves forward from Mobile Point, Ala. 1822, 1865.Expedition from Dauphin Island to Fowl River Narrows, Ala., and skirmishes. 19, 1865.Brig. Gen. T. Kilby Smith, U. S. Army, assumes command of the District of South Alabama. 20, 1865.The advance of the Union forces (Steeles column) starts from Pensacola, Ma. 2324, 1865.Skirmishes near Dannellys Mills, Ala. 24, 1865.Affair near Dannellys Mills, Ala. Affair near Evergreen, Ala. 25, 1865.Skirmishes on the Deer Park Road, Ala. Skirmish at Cotton Creek, Fla. Skirmish at Mitchells Creek, Fla. Action at Canoe Creek or Bluff Springs, Fla. Skirmish at Escambia River, Fla. 26, 1865.Skirmish near Spanish Fort, Ala. Skirmish at Muddy Creek, Ala. Union forces enter Pollard, Ala. 27, 1865.Steeles column reachcs Canoe Station, Ala. 27Apr. 8, 1865.Siege and capture of Spanish Fort, Ala. 29, 1865.Steeles column reaches Weatherford, Ala. 31, 1865.Steeles column reaches Stockton, Ala. Apr. 1, 1865.Skirmish near Blakely, Ala. 29, 1865.Siege and capture of Fort Blakely, Ala. 7, 1865. Scout from near Blakely toward Stockton, Ala. 911, 1865.Bombardment and capture of Batteries Huger and Tracy, Ala. 917, 1865.Expedition from Blakely to Claiborne, Ala., and skirmish (11th near Mount Pleasant. 11, 1865.Confederate forces evacuate Mobile, Ala. 12, 1865.Union forces occupy Mobile, Ala. 13, 1865.Skirmish at Whistler or Eight Mile Creek Bridge, Ala. 1730, 1865.Expedition from Blakely, Ala., to Georgetown, Ga., and Union Springs, Ala. May 4,1865.Skirmish at Wetumpka, Ala. Surrender of the Confederate forces in the Department of Ala- bama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana, at Citronelle, Ala Page 88 88 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. REPOT?FPS, ETC. * No. 1.Maj. Gen. Edward R. S. Canby, U. S. Army, commanding Military Division of Wcst Mississippi, of operations March 17May 26. No. 2.Organization of the Union forces operating against Mobile, Ala., March 17April 12. No. 3.Return of casualties in the Union forces operating against Mobile, Ala., March 17April 12. No. 4.Itinerary of the Army of West Mississippi. No. 5.Bvt. Maj. Miles D. McAlester, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Chief Engineer. No. 6.Brig. Gen. Joseph Bailey, U. S. Army, commanding Engineer Brigade. No. 7.Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger, U. S. Army, commanding Thirteenth Army Corps, of operations March 17April 12. No. 8.Lient. Col. John C. Palfrey, Assistant Inspector-General and Chief Engineer, of operations March 25April 9. No. 9.Capt. John J. Williamson, One hundred and twenty.eighth New York Infantry, Chief of Ordnance. No. 10.Snrg. Charles B. White, U. S. Army, Medical Director. No. 11.Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, of operations March 18April 12. No. 12.Brig. Gen. James R. Slack, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade, of operations March 17April 12. No. 13.Lient. Col. Asa C. Matthews, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. No. 14.Lient. Col. John A. McLaughlin, Forty-seventh Indiana Infantry, of oper- ations March 17April 12. No. 15.Lient. Col. Same G. Van Anda, Twenty-first Iowa Infantry, of operations March 17April 13. No. 16.Lient. Henry C. Hadley, Adjutant Twenty-ninth Wisconsin Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. No. 17.Brig. Gen. Elias S. Dennis, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of operations March 26April 12. No. 18.Col. Josiah A. Sheetz, Eighth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 26April 12. No. 19.Col. James H. Coates, Eleventh Illinois Infantry, (f operations March 26-April 12. No. 20.Journal of the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, Col. Benjamin Dornblaser commanding, March 17April. 12. No. 21.Lient. Col. William B. Kinsey, One hundred and sixty-first New York Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations March 17-April 12. No. 22.Lient. Col. John A. Callicott, T~venty-ninth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 17-April 12. No. 23.Lient. Col. William T. Wilkinson, Thirtieth Missouri Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. No. 24.Maj. Willis E. Craig, One hundred and sixty-first New York infantry, of operations March 17April 12. No. 25.Maj. Joseph E. Greene, Twenty-third Wisconsin Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. No. 26.Lient. George W. Taylor, Fourth Battery (D) Massachusetts Light Artil- lery, of operations April 9. ~ For General Grants reference to these operations, see Vol. XLVI, Part I, p. 59. For reports of naval co-operating forces, see Annual Report of the Secretary of the Navy, December 4, 1865 Page 89 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 89 No. 27.Brig. Cen. Christopher C. Andrews, U. S. Army, commanding Second Divis- ion, of operations March 20April 9. No. 25.Col. Henry Bertram, Twentieth Wisconsin Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations March 25April 14. No. 29.Lieut. Col. John Bruce, Nineteenth Iowa Infantry, of operations March 27 April 8. No. 30.Col. William T. Spicely, Twenty-fourth Indiana Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations April 2-9. No. 31.Col. Samuel T. Busey, Seventy-sixth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 29. No. 32.Liout. Col. Victor Vifqnain, Ninety-seventh Illinois Infantry, of operations April 29. No. 33.Lient. Col. Francis A. Sears, Twenty-fourth Indiana Infantry, of operations April 29. No. 34.Col. Frederick W. Moore, Eighty-third Ohio Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations April 29. No. 35.Brig. Gen. William P. Benton, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division, of operations March 17April 12. No. 36.Col. David P. Grier, Seventy-seventh Illinois Infantry, commanding First lirigade, of operations March 17April 9. No. 37.Col. Henry M. Day, Ninety-first Illinois Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations March 17April 15. No. 35.Col. William C. Holbrook, Seventh Vermont Infantry, of operations March 17April 17. No. 39.Capt. Riley B. Stearns, Seventh Verniont Infantry, of operations March 3031. No. 40.Col. Conrad Krez, Twenty-seventh Wisconsin Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations March 17April 12. No. 41.Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith, U. S. Army, commanding Sixteenth Army Corps, of operations March 25April 9. No. 42. Surg. William H. Thome, U. S. Army, Medical Director. No. 43.Brig. Gen. John MeArthur, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, of operations March 19April 9. No. 44.Capt. Hiram A. MeKelvey, Thirty-fifth Iowa Infantry, commanding Pioneer Corps, of operations March 27-April 13. No. 45.Col. William L. MeMillen, Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations March 27April 9. No. 46.Col. DeWitt C. Thomas, Ninety-third Indiana Infantry, of operations March 19April 9. No. 47.Lieut. Col. Samuel P. Jennison, Tenth Minnesota Infantry, of operations March 25April 9. No. 45.Col. Lucius F. Hubbard, Fifth Minnesota Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations March 20April 9. No. 49.Col. William R. Marshall, Seventh Minnesota Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations March 20April 9. No. 50.Lient. Col. William B. Reeler, Thirty-fifth Iowa Infantry, of operations March 25April 9. No. 51.Lient. Col. George Bradley, Seventh Minnesota Infantry, of operations March 27April 9. No. 52.Lieut. Col. William H. Heath, Thirty-third Missouri Infantry, of operations March 20April 12. No. 53.Capt. Thomas J. Ginn, Third Battery Indiana Light Artillery, of oper- ations March 27April 9. No. 54.Capt. Joseph H. Reed, Second Battery Iowa Light Artillery, of operations March 24April 5 Page 90 90 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., ~. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 55.Brig. Gen. Kenner Garrard, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division, of operations April 3-9. No. 56.Col. John I. Rinaker, One hundred anl twenty-second Illinois Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations April 39. No. 57.Col. Thomas J. Kinney, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 39. No. 55.Lient. Col. Joseph G. Best, Twenty-first Missouri Infantry, of operations March 22April 12. No. 59.Brig. Gen. James I. Gilbert, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of operations April 39. No. 60.Col. Risdon M. Moore, One hundred and seventeenth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 39. l~o. 61.Maj. George W. Howard, Twenty-seventh Iowa Infantry, of operations April 9. No. 62.Lient. Col. Gustavus A. Eherhart, Thirty-second Iowa Infantry, of oper- ations April 9. No. 63.Lieut. Col. Charles S. Hills, Tenth Kansas Infantry, of operations April 9. No. 64.Lient. Col. Hiram P. Grant, Sixth Minnesota Infantry, of operations April 9. No. 65.Col. Charles L. Harris, Eleventh Wisconsin Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations April 39. No. 66.Capt. John Murphy, Fifty-eighth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 39. No. 67.Lient. Col. Zalmon S. Main, Fifty-second Indiana Infantry, of operations April 39. No. 65.Col. William Hudson Lawrence, Thirty-fourth New Jersey Infantry, of operations April 3-9. No. 69.Lieut. Col. John B. Gandolfo, One hundred and seventy-eighth New York Infantry, of operations April 39. No. 70.Maj. Jesse S. Miller, Eleventh Wisconsin Infantry, of operations April 39. No. 71.Capt. Charles S. Rice, Seventeenth Battery Ohio Light Artillery, of oper- ations April 9. No. 72.Brig. Gen. Eugene A. Carr, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division, of operations March 27April 9. No. 73.Col. Jonathan B. Moore, Thirty-third Wisconsin Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations Marsh 27April 9. No. 74.Col. Leander Blanden, Ninety-fifth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 27April 9. No. 75.Col. Lyman M. Ward, Fourteenth Wisconsin Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations March 27-April 9. No. 76.Col. James L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations April 89. No. 77.Bvt. Col. John H. Howe, One hundred and twenty-fourth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 8-9. No. 75.Lient. Col. William B. Bell, Elghth Iowa Infantry, of operations April 8. No. 79.Maj. Gen. Frederick Steele, U. S. Army, commanding U. S. Forces operat- ing from Pensacola Bay, Fla., of operations March 11April 9. No. S0.Surg. Plyn A. Willis, Forty-eighth Ohio Infantry, Chief Medical Officer. No. 51.Brig. Gen. John P. Hawkins, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, U. S. Colored Troops, of operations March 20April 9. No. 52.Brig. Gen. William A. Pile, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade, of oper- ations April 19. No. 83.Col. Hiram Scofield, Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations April 29. No. 54.Lient. Col. Ferdinand E. Peehies, Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 19 Page 91 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 91 No. 55.Col. Charles A. Gilchrist, Fiftieth U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 39. No. 86.Col. A. Watson Webber, Fifty-first U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 19. No. 87.Col. Charles W. Di~ew, Seventy-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations April 19. No. 58.Col. Frederick M. Crandal, Forty-eighth U. S. Colored Infantry, of oper- ations April 19. No. 59.Lient. Col. Daniel Densmore, Sixty-eighth U. S. Colored Infantry, of oper- ations April 19. No. 90.Maj. William E. Nye, Seventy-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 29. No. 91.Bvt. Maj. Gen. Benjamin H. Grierson, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Forces, of operations April 17May 29. No. 92.Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Lncas, U. S. Army, commanding brigade, of operations March 25 and April 9-Jnne 6. No. 93.Lient. Col. Algernon S. Badger, First Louisiana Cavalry, of operations March 25. No. 94.Lient. Col. Andrew B. Spurling, Second Maine Cavalry, commanding brigade, of operations March 1926 and April 17. No. 95.Maj. Franklin Moore, Second Illinois Cavalry, of operations March 1828. No. 96.Medals of Honor awarded for distinguished services under Resolution of Congress, No.43, approved July 12, 1862, and section 6 of Act of Congress approved March 3, 1863. No. 97.Brig. Gen. Randall L. Gibson, C. S. Army, commanding forces on Eastern Shore of Mobile Bay, of operations March 23April 11. No. 95.Lient. John W. Bennett, C. S. Navy, commanding steamer Nashville, of operations March 27April 11. No. 1. Report of Maj. Gen. Edward B. S. Canby, U. S. Army, commanding Mili tary Division of West Mississippi, of operations March 17May 26. HDQRS. MILITARY DIVISIoN OF WEST MISSISSIPPI, New Orleans, June 1, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit for the con sideration of the lieutenant- general commanding the army the following report of military oper- ations in this division: Pending the advance of General Sherman from Atlanta and the invasion of Tennessee by Hood, the available force of the division was employed in co-operative movements to prevent the rebel force of Kirby Smith from crossing the Mississippi; in operations against a part of Hoods communications, and by demonstrations on the Gulf coast to prevent re-enforcements being sent to him from Alabama and Missis- sippi. This led to a dissemination of the disposable force at several points on the Gulf coast and along the course of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers as high up as Paducab, Ky. As soon as this pressure was removed by the decisive defeat of Hood by General Thomas these detachments were gathered up as rapidly as possible and prepared for service in another direction. The service then contemplated was a movement from the Gulf coast in co-cWeration with one which General Sherman had advised,that Thomas had been directed to make, and the force available for this service was about 22,000 men of all arms. On the 3d of February I was advised from the fleadqnarters of the Army that my command would be materially re-enforced from the Arm Page 92 92 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. of the Cumberland; that my objective point would be Selma or Mont- gomery, including the capture of Mobile or not, as I might deem best. I was also advised by General Thomas that he would co-operate with a cavalry force. The force sent from the Army of the Cumberland con- sisted of the infantry divisions under the command of Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith and the cavalry division of Brigadier-General Knipe, and the whole force, considerably augmented by withdrawing from interior and garrison service as many troops as could safely be spared, was organized as follows: Thirteenth Army Corps, Major-General Granger 18, 500 Sixteenth Army Corps, Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith 16, 000 Colored Division, Brigadier-General Hawkins - 5, 500 Cavalry Brigade, Brigadier-General Luens 2,500 Engineer Brigade, Brigadier-General Bailey 1,500 Siege Train, Colonel Hays 1,200 Total effective 45,200 The cavalry force of the division, as well as that sent by General Thomas, was so much reduced by the hard work of the previous three mouths that only 2,500 were found to be fit for immediate service, and Major-General Grierson was left at New Orleans to prepare, by substi- tutions and remounts, as large an additional force as possible. This amounted to 4,500 men, making the total force employed in the cam- paign a little less than 50,000. The unexampled severity of the season had rendered all the land routes absolutely impracticable and the transportation by water so tedious and dangerous that it was not until the middle of March that the force intended for the imnmediate oper- ation against Mobile and its material was collected at or in immediate route to the designated points of rendezvous. It was then disposed as follows: The Union army at Mobile Point and Dauphin Island was composed of the Thirteenth Army Corps (two divisions and one brigade) 13, 200 The Sixteenth Army Corps 16, 000 Engineers, artillery, and cavalry scouts and escorts 3, 000 Total 32,200 Under Steele at Pensacola: Two brigades of C. C. Andrews division, Thirteenth Corps 5, 200 hawkins division, colored infantry. 5, 500 Lnoas cavalry 2,500 Total 13, 200 Arrangements had previously been made with the commanders of the Mississippi and Gulf Squadrons for efficient aid in transporting and conveying troops and supplies and covering the operations of the army by water, and especially with the commander of the Mississippi Squadron for an efficient co-operation in preventing the rebel force west of the Mississippi River from crossing in any organized or consid- erable force. Such precautions had also been taken for the security of the points which had been weakened by the withdrawal of troops as to relieve me from the apprehension of any serious disaster during the campaign. The general plan of operations embraced the reduction of the enemys woiks on the east side of Mobile Bay, the opening of the Tensas and Alabama Rivers, tu& ing the strong works erected for the defrnse of Mobile, and forcing the surrender or evacuation of the city; or if this was found to involve too great a delay, a direct movement upon Montgomery, shifting for the subsequent operations of the arm Page 93 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 93 the base of supplies from Mobile to Pensacola Bay, and using the rail- road from Pensacola to Montgomery for that purpose. In carrying out the first part of this plan the main army, moving by land and water, was to establish itself on firm ground on the east side of Mobile Bay. Steele, with a sufficient force to meet any opposition that could be sent against him, was to move from Pensacola, threatening Montgomery and Selma, and covering the operations of the cavalry in disabling the railroads. This accompli~hed, he was to turn to the left and join the main force on Mobile Bay in season for the operations against Spanish Fort and Blakely. Minor operations for the purpose of distracting the enemys attention were to be undertaken at the same time from Mein- phis, Yicksburg, Baton Rouge, and the west side of Mobile Bay, and it was expected that Wilsons raid would give full employment to For- rests rebel cavalry. On the 17th the general movement commenced. Bertrams brigade (Second Division~ Thirteenth Army Corps), closely followed by the other divisions of that corps, under General Granger, moved by land, the route turning Boii Secours Bay, crossing the East Branch of Fish River as low down as practicable, and striking the Xorth Branch at Dannellys Mills. The Brigade of the Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, was landed at Cedar Poin4, on the west side of Mobile Bay, with instructions to occupy Mon Louis Island with as much dis- play of force as possible. On the 18th as much of the Sixteenth Corps, under Smith, as could be provided with transportation was sent by water, through Bon Secours Bay and Fish River, to Dannellys Mills, the point of concentra- tion, to hold that point. In the movements by water the army trans- ports were convoyed by the navy, and the lighter vessels of the squad- ron were used as transports. On the 18th the naval demonstrations were extended np the bay to the neighborhood of Spanish Fort. The favorable weather that attended the commencement of these move- ments was followed by a terrible storm of wind and rain that made the transportation by land and water so difficult and tedious that it was not until the evening of the 24th that the army was concentrated and its supplies renewed. On the morning of the 25th the Sixteenth Corps, followed by the Thirteenth Corps, except Bertrams brigade, moved by the direct road from Dannellys Mills to Deer Park, a distance of eight miles, and halted for the night. Bertrams brigade moved at the same time by the Montrose road and halted at Rock Creek, on the left of the Six- teenth Corps. On the 26th the Sixteenth Cor~ps moved upon the same road to the South Branch of Bayou Minette, halting at Cyrus Sibleys Mills, and threatening both Spanish Fort and Blakely. Granger, with Veatchs and Bentons divisions, of the Thirteenth Corps, moved directly for Spanish Fort, crossing the two branches of DOlives Creek, and estab- lishing himself on the southeast front of Spanish Fort, and communi- cating by pickets with the left of the Sixteenth Corps. Bertram moved up the bay road and halted at the lower crossing of DOlives Creek. In these movements no serious opposition was encountered. The rebel force, under General Liddell, was posted to resist the advance, but, being disconcerted by the flanking movements of the Sixteenth Corps, fell back into Blakely and Spanish Fo~.t and destroyed the lower bridge on Bayou Minette, cutting off their own communication between the two places except by water Page 94 94 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., Th & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. On the 27th Garrards division (Sixteenth Corps) was established in an intrenched camp to cover the right and rear of the army. Smith, with the others, McArthurs and Carrs divisions of his corps, was turned to the left to close in upon the enemys intrenchments. (Iran- gers corps was advanced, Veatchs and ~ divisions moving directly forward, and Bertrams brigade swinging around to the left and completing the close investment of Spanish Fort by land. In this order Carrs division occnpied the extreme right, his right flank resting on Bay Minette, below the bridge, succeeded in order by MeArthurs division, of the Sixteenth Corps, Bentons and Veatchs divisions and Bertrams brigade, of the Thirteenth Corpsthis last with its left flank resting on the impracticable marsh that bordered DOlives Creek. These movements were sharply contested by the rebels at every point, and the number of casualties was considerable, particularly in the Sixteenth Corps, the right of which was exposed to an enfilading fire from the rebel gun-boats and from Batteries Huger and Tracy. On moving from Dannellys Mills, the temporary depot at that place was broken up, and the supplies and material, except the bridge over Fish River (left for the use of the cavalry that was to come up by land, and guarded by a gnu-boat and an infantry battalion), and transferred to the supply ve~sels. The engineer trains and material were ordered up from Mobile Point, and the whole, under convoy of the navy, were awaiting the completion of the investment for the estab- lishment of a new depot. This was established at Starkes Landing, five miles below Spanish Fort. Wharves were built, roads opened, and the supply of the army secured. As a part of the Sixteenth Corps (the part of its land transportation and the general supply trains) were yet to come up, the corps commanders were instructed to push their works forward as rapidly as was consistent with due care for their men, to take advantage of every opportunity that promised successful and decisive results, but not to attempt an assault without that assurance. The details of the 28th and 29th are without special interest except the establishment of a battery of eight 30-pounder Parrotts and two Whitworth guns on the bluff of Bay Minette to counteract the effect of the enfilading fire from the rebel gun-boats and batteries. This was opened with effect on the morning of the 39th, driving off the gun-boats and so far reducing the fire of the batteries (Huger and Tracy) that it gave us no further serious annoyance. Steele, in accord- ance with his instructions, had moved from Pensacola Bay on the 19th with his infantry and the main body of his cavalry, having previously sent a part of this force by .Blackwater Bay to Creiglers Mills and thence by land to strike the Mobile and Montgomery Railroad above the junction at Pollard. The same storms that had impeded the oper- ations of the forces on Mobile Bay delayed the march of Steeles com- mand, but on the 25th the cavalry under Lucas drove the enemy from his intrenchments at Cotton Creek, and later in the day encountered the force of General Clanton in line of battle at Bluff Springs. It was immediately charged, routed, and dispersed with a loss to the enemy of many killed and wounded, 120 prisoners (1 general and 18 other commissioned officers), and 1 flag. Our loss was 2 killed and 4 wounded. On the morning of the 25th General Andrews was sent to Pollard to cover Spurlings operations. That officer reached Pollard in the after- noon of the same day, having completely accomplished his mission. He cut the telegraph and railroad between Evergreen and Greenville before daylight on the morning of the 24th, capturing the up and dow Page 95 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 95 trains (2 locomotives and 14 cars loaded with stores) and 100 officers and men on their way to Mobile. At Sparta he destroyed six more cars and the depot, with a large amount of supplies. Between Sparta and Pollard twenty prisoners were captured in skirmishes, and he reached the latter with his captures without the loss of a man. The whole com- mand was then turned in the direction of Mobile Bay, and after much labor, in consequence of the condition of the roads, Steele reached Weatherford on the 29th and reported his position and wants. He was instructed to move directly upon Holyoke, renew his supplies, and take up the investment of Blakely. On the 30th Veatchs division (Thirteenth Corps) was withdrawn from the line of investment (its place temporarily supplied by Mar- shalls brigade, of MeArthurs division, Sixteenth Corps) and sent to Holyoke to convey supplies for Steele and hold that position until the junction was effected. Pressed by the condition of the roads and the want of subsistence, Steele marched on the afternoon of the 31st to Stockton, where partial supplies were obtained, and on the morning of the 1st of April continued his march, Spurlings cavalry being in advance. Before reaching the forks of the road leading to Holyoke the latter encountered a strong force of cavalry and infantry, which was immediately charged and driven, with a loss to the enemy of 1 flag and 75 prisoners. The remainder of the cavalry under Lucas and the colored division were moved up rapidly to the support of Spurling, and the enemy was forced to abandon his strong position at 0. Sibleys, and was driven into his works at Blakely by the cavalry. Early in the morning of the 2d a strong attack was made on the positions we had gained Oh the previous evening, but was handsomely repulsed by the colored troops, and Andrews division having now come up, our hold upon it was established. As Steele had already been instructed that his command was to be employed in the invest- ment of Blakely, he considered it advisable to hold the ground that he had gained and report his position and prospects. He was directed to go on with the investment. Veatch was ordered in from ilolyoke to report to him, and Garrard to support him if it should be necessary. On the 3d Garrard was oidered in to complete the investment on the left, and Lucas and Johnsons cavalry brigades were charged with the duty of covering the rear of the army. On the 4th the lower bridge on Bayou Minette was re-established, opening a direct communication between the two wings, and by the afternoon of the 5th Spanish Fort and Blakely were both included in the same general line of investment. In the meantime the works against Spanish Fort had been diligently pushed forward, although sharply contested by the enemy at all points; the trenches and parallels widened and emplacements ordered on the 3d, prepared for the troops in preparation for an assault; siege guns and material were brought up from the rear, and batteries established in every effective position. On the 4th of April there were in position against Spanish Fort thirty-eight siege guns (including six 20-pounder rifles and sixteen mor- tars) and thirty-seven field guns, and against Batteries Huger anti Tracy eight 30-poumider Parrott and two Whitworth guns. The fire was opened from all these at 5 and continued until 7 p. m. As the enfilading batteries were not yet ready, and the difficulties of the roads were such that the supply of ammunition could not be kept up, the fire of the batteries was reduced on the 5th, Gth, and 7th, but the other work was steadily carried on. I had anticipated that the investmen Page 96 96 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA of Spanish Fort by water would have been effected by the navy, but the shoal water and obstructions on Blakely Bar prevented this. Every exertion was therefore made to secure the control of Blakely River by the army and complete the isolation of the fort. For this purpose batteries for heavy guns were prepared on the east side of Bay Minette north of the bayou, and preparations made for a boat expedition to cut the treadway between Spanish Fort and Fort Tracy, the final bombard- ment and assault to be preceded by the destruction of the treadway to cut off the escape of the garrison. The assistance required from the navy was promptly tendered by the admiral, but the launches were at Ship Island and,, although sent for, could not be got up in season. Disappointed in this expectation and at the suggestion of A. J. Smith, and on account of the progress made on his right, the time for the bombardment was anticipated and ordered for 5.30 p. m. of the 8th. At this time there were in position against Spanish Fort fifty-three siege guns (including ten 20-pounder rifles and sixteen mortars) and thirty-seven field pieces. Of these, ten siege rifles and five siege how- itzers on our left center enfiladed the enerny~s left and center, and five siege howitzers close in on our extreme right enfiladed his center. The Bay Minette battery against Huger and Tracy consisted of two 100-pounder and four 30-pounder rifles. One of the batteries, No., against Spanish Fort was armed with navy guns and manned by offi- cers and sailors of the squadron, volunteers br this service. The fire of these guns was opened at the appointed time and continued until dark, the troops being in the trenches and prepared to improve any advantage that might be gained. Under cover of the bombardment two companies of the Eighth Iowa, supported by the remainder of the regiment and closely followed by the other regiments of Geddes bri- gade, of Carrs division, effected a lodgment on the left of the enemys line and gained a position from which about 200 yards of his intrench- ments could be enfiladed With a musketry fire. This was soon taken, and with it about 200 prisoners, and the captured guns turned upon the enemy. Night had now fully set in, but Smith was instructed to put his whole force to thework and press it on to completion. A brigade from Veatchs division, then in reserve near Blakely, was ordered by telegraph to report to him, and Granger was advised by telegraph of Smiths prog- ress and instructed to direct the fire and operations on his part so as not to come in conflict with the force at work within the enemys lines. This work, led by Colonel Geddes and superintended by Generals Carr and Smith, was pushed on diligently and persistently, and soon after midnight all of the works were in our possession. The brigade from Veatchs division was not needed and was sent back by Smith. The immediate fruits of this success were the capture of these strong forts, two miles of intrenchments with all the armament, material, and sup- plies, 4 flags, and more than 600 prisoners. The major part of the garrison escaped by the treadway to Fort Tracy, and thence to Blakely and Mobile. In this they were materially aided by the darkness and our imperfect knowledge of the interior of their works. In these last operations the force engaged consisted of one brigade (Bertrams) and one division (Bentons) of the Thirteenth Corps, two divisions (McAr- thurs and Carrs) of the Sixteenth Corps, with their field batteries; the First Indiana Heavy Artillery, except one company; two compa- nies of the Sixth Michigan Heavy Artillery, and one battery from the navy Page 97 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. From the 6th to the morning of the 9th operations had been steadily carried on against Blakely, meeting with a stubborn resistance from all points of the rebel lines, and particularly on our extreme righl;, which suffered severely from an enfilading fire from the rebel gun-boats stationed in the mouth of Raft River. With some difficulty in getting up the guns a battery of four 30-pounder rifles was established in a commanding position by the afternoon of the 8th and in a few minutes after opening its fire drove off the gun-boats severely damaged. Early on the morning of the 9th, and soon after the fall of Spanish Fort was assured, Smith was ordered to move the First and Third IDivisions of his corps to the left of the line at Blakely, Garrards front, and take measures for the assault of that place. Granger was at the same time instructed to leave Bertrams brigade in charge of the cap- tured works and the prisoners and send Bentons division to Steeles front to take part in any operations that might be undertaken. The battery on Bay Minette, No. , was re-enforced by four 30-pounder Parrotts, and opened fire on Blakely Landing and the Tensas River (the water communication between Mobile and Blakely). The fire of the battery, No. , on our extreme right, was also turned on Blakely Landing, and Macks battery, six 20-pounder rifles, was put in position on the Pensacola road and opened an effective fire on the rebel batteries. Orders had also been given to transfer to the Blakely lines as rapidly as possible the siege guns (tWenty-eight) and mortars (sixteen) that would be required if the place resisted an assault. In anticipation an additional bridge had been laid down on Bayou Minette, but the impracticable character of the swamp on both sides of the bayou made the approaches to it so difficult that it l)roved to be of but little service. In consequence, the divisions of the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Corps did not reach their positions as early as I had anticipated. While waiting their arrival I passed to the right of the line and found that the prospects of a successful assault were promising. The colored division had already gained and held some important advantages on its front~ Andrews and Veatchs divisions were well up with their work, and the resistance of the enemy was less spirited than on previ- ous days. Soon after 4 oclock Smith had completed his arrangements and telegraphed to me that his two divisions were up and in position. Garrard had notified Steele that he would be ready to advance at 5.30 p. in., and Bentons division was reported to be crossing the bridge near the left of Steeles front. Steele was then instructed to time his move- ments with those on the left to advance his line strongly supported, and if possible carry the en~mys works. A little later Benton, who had not yet reached his position, was instructed to turn at once to the left and follow up and support these movements. The line at this time was nearly four miles in length, and the disposition of the troops was as follows: Hawkins divisiQn of colored troops on the right; Andrews division Thirteenth Corps (two brigades), on the right center; Veatchs division, Thirteenth Corps, on the left center, and Garrards division, Sixteenth Corps, on the left; one division of the Thirteenth and two of the Sixteenth Corps in support on the right and left. The enemys line had a development of two miles and a half. It consisted of nine strong redoubts connected by rifle-pits and palisades, and was covered in front by slashings and abatis, and in some places by outworks of telegraph wire and by torpedoes or subterra shells. The advance was made at the appointed time, and was as nearly simultaneous as it coald possibly 7 U UVOL XLIX~ PT Page 98 98 KY.~ S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. be from the length of the line and the obstructed character of the ground. With a gallantry to which there were no exceptions the troops pressed forward under a heavy fire of artillery and musketry, passing over exploding torpedoes, net-works, and abatis, and assaulted and carried the enemys works in about twenty minutes, each division carrying the works in its front. The immediate results of this victory were flags, all the armament, material, and supplies, and 3,700 pris- oners, of whom 3 were generals and 197 commissioned officers of lower grades. The development of our lines at Blakely was four miles ;at Spanish Fort three miles and a half; the intervening distance three miles, and from the depot at Starkes Landing to the left at Spanish Fort, four miles. The inner line of communication was about seventeen and the outer line twenty-two miles in length. The country embraced in these lines was broken and rolling, intersected by streams and ravines with abrupt banks, and obstructed by large tracts of impracti- cable marsh. During the siege operations more than 2,500 yards of parallel and 1,500 of sap were opened, twenty-six batteries for heavy guns were con- structed, traverses and shot-proof shelters provided for the troops, wharves and bridges were built, roads opened, and the supplies, guns, and siege material transported from four to twenty miles. In these labors the troops were so constantly employed night and day that the regular reliefs could not always be observed, and in more than one instance the officers and non-commissioned officers kept watch while the guards of the trenches slept. The zeal and alacrity, readiness of expedient and device with which all difficulties were encountered and overcome, and the cheerful spirit with which they were borne are not less worthy of commendation than the gallantry uniformly exhibited in combat. In this credit the troops whose duties did not bring them into actual collision with the enemy are equally entitled to share. Batteries Huger and Tracy still held out, and until they were reduced Blakely River could not be opened for the navy and for the army transports. In anticipation of this contingency Spurlings cavalry had already been sent up the river to collect boats to pass troops over to the island to cut off communication between the forts and Mobile. Lucas with his cavalry had also been sent to Claiborne with a battery of rifled guns to block the navigation of the Alabama River and cut off the retreat from Mobile by that route. On his march to Claiborne he struck and dispersed the Fifteenth Confederate Cavalry, capturing 2 flags, 2 officers, and 72 enlisted men. On the 10th additional batteries for heavy guns bearing on Huger and Tracy were established on the east shore of Bay Minette, and a boat expedition for a night attack on Tracy was organized, but at 10 oclock of that night both works were abandoned by their garrisons and their magazines blown up. Before daylight of the 11th the pre- concerted signal indicating the commencement of the evacuation of Mobile was given from the marsh in front of that city. Arrangements were at once made to bring up to Blakely the supplies for the force to be sent to Montgomery and for the occupation of Mobile. On the after- noon and night of the 11th Granger, with the First and Third Divis- ions of the corps, marched to Starkes Landing, where he embarked, and on the morning of the 12th, under convoy of the navy, crossed to the west side of the bay, landed at Catfish Point, five miles belo Page 99 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 99 Mobile, and occupied the city at noon of that day. The losses sustained during the campaign were: Officers. Fnhsted men. C C 0 0. u ~ ~ a ~ -~ a na a a a ~ ~ 0 0 Thirteenth Corps (a) 26 1 68 474 26 Sixteenth Corps 3 26 65 436 7 Steeles command 6 15 25 270 Cavalry Brigade 1 5 8 24 2 First Indiana neavy Artillery 1 1 18 Total 10 71 1 167 1,222 35 Grand total 1, 508 a Included in this are 46 killed and 246 wounded while under Steeles command at Blakely. The loss of the enemy in killed and wounded was not fully ascer- tamed. Partial records captured at Blakely account for 73 killed and 320 wounded at that place and Spanish Fort, but the reports do not include the operations of Steeles forces on the march or the prelimi- nary operations at Spanish Fort and Blakely, and no report is made of the losses at Spanish Fort during the bombardment of the 4th, at the capture on the 8th, or during the assault of Blakely ou the 9th. It probably exceeded one-half of our own loss. The number of prisoners originally reported was nearly 6,000, but the number accounted for by the provost-marshal-general was 4 generals, 304 commissioned officers of lower grades, and 4,616 enlisted men; total, 4,924. The other results were the capture of flags, 231 pieces of artillery, and a large quan- tity of army material and naval stores, the details of which are given in the reports of the heads of the staff departments serving with the army. The subsequent operations will be briefly stated: Bertrams brigade, of the Thirteenth Corps, was charged with the duty of holding the works and collecting the captured property on the east side of Mobile Bay. The Sixteenth Corps was put in march for Montgomery on the 14th. Grierson, with 4,000 effective cavalry, was sent on the 17th on Smiths right flank, to cover as much ground as possible and break up all communications between Johnstons and Taylors armies. Benton was sent with his division to close up the Tombigbee River, and in conjunction with the navy to prevent the egress of the rebel gun-boats. Steele with his original infantry force and some artillery was sent by water to Montgomery, convoyed by the navy, and the remainder of the cavalry force was organized into a brigade under West for operations west of the Tombigbee. Steele and Smith had Montgomery, Grierson with the cavalry was at Eufaula, Union Springs, and Benton was. in position, when further operations were stayed by the armistice, but as soon as this was terminated orders were given to resume them through- out the division. The notice to Taylor was accompanied by an offer of terms which were accepted and the articles signed at Citronelle on the 5th [4thl of May, Admiral Thatcher acting for the navy and arranging for the surrender of the rebel naval forces. The Sixteenth Corps and * But see revised statement, p. 115 Page 100 100 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FL& . Griersons cavalry, the whole under A. J. Smith, were left to occupy Middle and Southern Mississippi and Alabama. Steeles and Bentons commands were brought back and preparations commenced for oper- ations west of the Mississippi. While these were progressing I was instructed by the lieutenant-general that the main expedition against the Trans-Mississippi Department would move from the Arkansas, and that I would co~operate with an expedition moving by water against Galveston. This was subsequently abandoned, and by direction from the same authority an expedition of 12,000 men was fitted out and sent under Steele to the Rio Grande. In the meantime proposals looking to the surrender of the Trans-Mississippi Army and Navy were made to me, and on the 26th of May the surrender was concluded by the con- vention of that date, Captain Greene, the senior officer, representing the U. S. Navy at the conference. Troops were immediately sent to occupy the surrendered territory, but before they had reached their destinations the rebel forces, with the exception of a few organizations, had passed beyond the control of their officers and dispersed to their homes, taking with them a large part of the property that had been surrendered. In these operations, as well as during the whole period of my com- mand in the Southwest, I was materially aided by the zealous and efficient co-operation of the naval forces of the West Gulf and Missis. sippi Squadrons, and a more effective acknowledgment than mine is due to Admiral Farragut, Commander Palmer, Admiral Thatcher, successive commanders of the West Gulf and Admirals Porter and Lee, of the Mississippi Squadron, and to their subordinates in both squadrons. An important aid was also rendered by the powerful and effective cavalry raid of Major-General Wilson, which completely paralyzed rebel forces that would otherwise have re-enforced Mobile. I can add nothing to the well-earned reputation of Granger, Steele, Smith, and Grierson, except to say that the work committed to them was well done, and I adopt as my own the commendation bestowed by them upon their divis- ion, brigade, and other subordinate commanders. The same remarks apply to the engineer and artillery commands under Bailey and Hays, which, although sharing to a smaller extent in the most striking events of the campaign, contributed in full proportion to its results, an dare fully entitled to share in whatever credit may be accorded to it. The supply departments under their respective chiefs and subordi- nates were ably administered, and, under difficulties of season and climate that were without precedent for many years, accomplished all that was required of them. To Major-General Osterhaus, Brig. Gens. G. L. Andrews, Totten, and Comstock, Lieutenant-Colonels Christensen, Wilson, Sawtelle, and llinsdill, Major Clinton, Captains McAlester, Eaton, and Barrett, and their subordinates, of my immediate and per- sonal staff my thanks are particularly due. The reports of corps and other commanders and the returns and maps* are transmitted herewith. Very respectfully, sir, your obedient servant, ED. R. S. CANBY, Major- General of Volunteers, Commanding. CHIEF OF STAFF, HEADQUAR~TEUS OF THE AI~MY, Washingto , D. C. * See Plate CV, map 1; Plate CVII, maps 5, 7. and 8; Plate CVIII, maps 14; Plate CIX, maps 17, and Plate CX, map 1, of the Atlas Page 101 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 101 A D D END A. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. Mm. Div. o~ WEST MISSISSIPPi, No. 40. New Orleans, La., April 28, 1865. The following General Field Order is republished for the informa- tion of all concerned: GENERAL FIELD ORDERS, HDQRS. ARMY AND Div. or WEST Mississippi, No. 32. Mobile, Ala., April ~2, 1865. The major-general commanding thinks it proper to announce as the general results of the operations around this city: The capture of the enemys works at Spanish Fort and Blakely; the surrender of Mobile; the capture of more than 5,000 pris- oners, 12 flags, nearly 300 pieces of artillery, several thousand stand of small-arms, and large stores of ammunition and other material of war. It is his province to report results, that of a higher authority to bestow appro- priate commendations and rewards; but it is not improper to express his personal thanks to the officers and men of this army for Their zeal, energy, and gallantry, and to the officers and men of the navy for their hearty and zealous co-operation in the work that has been accomplished. He begs that the Sabbath next ensuing the receipt of this order may be made the occasion of thanksgiving for the past, and prayer for the future; and that all will unite with him in the earnest petition that God in his mercy will deal tenderly with the relatives and friends of our dead and wounded comrades. By order of Maj. Gen. E. R. S. Canby: C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Lieutenant- Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General. By order of Maj. Gen. E. R. S. Canby: 0. II. DYER, Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General. Con8olidated report of casualties from March fS to April 10, 1865, Army and Division of West Mississippi. Thirteenth Army Sixteeuth Army Division Colored Lucas Cavalry Total. ~ a Corps. Corps. Troops. Brigade. a Date. -~ a a a ~ a a . a . a . a . a ~ I ~ ~ March25 4 3 3 3 7 March 26 1 5 I 1 6 March27 10 84 1 91 11 175 March28 4 31 1 39 5 70 March29 5 27 1 20 6 47 March30 4 25 3 44 7 69 March 31 1 12 3 26 4 38 Aprill 12 2 13 2 25 27 April2 2 13 1 15 5 37 5 65 April3 2 5 2 17 6 24 1 5 11 54.... ApriJ4 7 1 5 3 23 4 35.... AprilS 3 18 1 7 2 26 6 51 April6 2 5 3 5 3 5 16.... Aprsl7 - 16 2 10 2 5 4 31 AprilS 1 5 6 34 4 7 46 April9 35 202 39 114 31 150 105 466 April10 Total... 70 473 66 448 49 272 41 8159 1,201 G. W. LYON, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 102 102 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Comparative statement of killed, wounded, captured, and missing during the campaign from March 17 to April 12, 1865. 0 8 -~ SPANISH FORT. Veatchs division, Thirteenth Army Corps 9 41 Bentons division, Thirteenth Army Corps 16 116 27 Bertrams brigade, Thirteenth Army Corps 81 MeArthurs division, Sixteenth Army Corps 5 132 3 Carrs division, Sixteenth Army Corps 21 187 First Indiana Heavy Artillery 1 18 Total 52 575 30 nLAKELv. Veatchs division, Thirteenth Army Corps s 13 64 Andrews division, Thirteenth Army Corps 33 188 Garrards division, Sixteenth Army Corps 39 117 4 Hawkins division, colored troops 31 285 First Indiana Heavy Artillery 1 Total 116 655 4 Miscellaneous operations (mainly cavalry) 9 64 2 Making a grand total killed, wounded, captured, and missing of 1,507. * IIDQRS. MILITARY DIVISION OF WEST MISSISSIPPI, New Orleans, La., May 12, 1865. SECRETARY OF WAR, Washington, D. C.: SIR: I send by Lieutenant-Colonel Wilson, assistant inspector-gen- eral on my staff the flags captured in the recent operations iu Alabama. The detailed report of the operations is delayed by the non-receipt of the report of the operations of the Sixteenth Corps, now in the inte- rior of Alabama. As the casualties of the campaign have been greatly exaggerated in the Northern papers, I inclose a numerical report by corps. Very respectfully, ED. R. S. CAKIBY, Major- General, Commanding. * But see revised statement, p. 115 Page 103 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 103 [Inclosure No. 1.] Statement of rebel flags captured by the U. S. forces (Army and Divi8iou of West Mis sis8ippi) during the operations against the city of Mobile. Rank and name of captor. Company. Regiment. Where captured. When cap. Lient. Col. Victor Vifquain 97th Illinois Blakely, Ala April 9, 1865 Capt. Samuel McConne]l H 119th Illinois do Do. Capt. Henry A. Miller B 8th Illinois do Do. First Sergt. Joseph Stickels A 83d Ohio do Do. Sergt. George F. Rebman B 119th Illinois do Do. Sergt. Edgar A. Bras K 8th Iowa Spanish Fort April 8,1865 Private John H. Callahan B 122d Illinois Blakely Fort April 9, 1865 Private John Whitmore F 119th Illinois do Do. Private Thomas Riley D 1st Louisiana Near Blakely April 4,1865 Cavalry Fort. Three flags found hy men of the April 9.1865 Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, after the capture of Span. ish Fort. NOTE..TWO other flags captared by General Lucas command in the operations about Mobile have not been received. ED. R. S. CANBY, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. ARMY AND DIVISION OF WEST MISSISSIPPI, Mobile, Ala., May 7, 1865. [Inclosure No. 2.] Consolidated report of casualties from March 25 to April 10, 1865. Killed. Wounded. Thirteenth Arniy Corps 80 511 Sixteenth Army Corps 66 448 Hawkins colored division 48 323 Lucas cavalry brigade 4 8 Total 198 1,110 Grand total of casualties *1, 508 ED. II. S. CANBY, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. ARMY AND DIVISION OF WEST MISSISSIPPI, Mobile, Ala., May 11, 1865. WAR DEPARTMENT, Maj. Gen. E. R. ~. CANBY, Washington, May 16, 1865. Commanding, fe., Mobile: GENERAL: Suitable acknowledgment of the great services rendered to the country by your command has been delayed because when the intelligence reached Washington the public mind was overwhelmed with grief for the loss of their great and good President, Abraham Lincoln, and filled with horror at the atrocity of the crime that cut him But see revised statement, p. 115 Page 104 104 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. off. Now that your work is consummated by the surrender of General Taylor and his forces, it is my pleasing duty to present to you, and to your gallant officers and brave army, the thanks of the President, of the people, and of this iDepartment, for the valor, energy, and military skill displayed in the siege and reduction of the city of Mobile, the pur- suit and capture of the enemy~s army, and in all the operations of your campaign. These operations were accompanied by circumstances of difficulty and discouragement, and without the aid and support enjoyed by forces less remote from the great depots of supply. But the brilliant success of your achievements has exercised an influence that cannot be over- estimated in breaking the rebel power, destroying all hopes, and bring- ing their cause to ruin. The extensive preparations and vigorous defense of Mobile show that the rebel chiefs regarded it as their last refuge. To express the sense of your important service and give just tribute to the patriotic services rendered to the country by you and your army is the object of the accompanying order. The occasion is also proper to signify the confidence and approval of the Department for the wisdom, firmness, vigilance, and integrity that have distinguished your administrative service ever since its onerous and harassing duty was cast upon you. It gives me pleasure to say that no officer enjoyed more highly than yourself the personal esteem and confidence of the late President, Mr. Lincoln, and that to his latest moment he watched the operations of your army with great interest. With great regard, I am, your friend, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. [Inelosure.] WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, May 16, 1865. ORDERED: That the thanks of the President and the War Department be and they are herewith presented to Major-General Canby, and the officers and soldiers of his command, for their gallantry, energy, and successful military skill, in the siege and reduction of the strongly fortified city of Mobile, and for the achievements that have rendered their campaign one of the most brilliant and important of the war. By order of the President: EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQXs. MIL. Div. OF WEST Mississippi, No. 66. New Orleans, La., June 1, 1865. The annexed order from the Secretary of War, conveying the thanks of His Excellency the President and the War Department to the offi- cers and soldiers of this command, engaged in the recent campaign east of the Mississippi River, is published for general information.* By order of Maj. Gen. E. R. S. Canby: C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Lieutenant- Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. * See next, ante Page 105 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 105 WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERALs OFFICE, lVJaj. Gen. E. R. ~. CANBY, Washington, June 8, 1865. Commanding Department of the Gulf, New Orleans, La.: SIR: I have the honor to inclose herewith for delivery the medals of honor awarded by the Secretary of War to the following-named officers and soldiers of your command for gallantry in capturing rebel flags during the operations against the city of Mobile: Lieut. Col. Victor Vifquain, Ninety-seventh Illinois Volunteers; Capt. Samuel McConnell, Company II, One hundred and nineteenth Iliinois Volunteers; C apt. Henry A. Miller, Company B, Eighth Illinois Volunteers; First Sergt. Joseph Stickels, Company A, Eighty-third Ohio Volunteers; Sergt. George F. Rebman, Company B, One hundred and nineteenth illinois Volunteers; First Sergt. Edgar A. Bras, Company K, Eighth Iowa Volunteers- Private Thomas Riley, Company D, First Louisiana Cav- alry; Private John II. Callahan, Company B, One hundred and twenty- second Illinois Volunteers; Private John Whitmore, Company F, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Volunteers. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. D. TOWNSEND, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 2. Organization of the Union Forces, commanded by ]Jliaj. Gen. Edward R. S. Canby, operating against Mobile, Al a., March 17April 12. ENGINEER BRIGADE. Brig. Gen. JOSEPH BAILEY. 96th U. S. Colored Troops, Col. John C. Cobb. 97th U. S. Colored Troops: Lieut Col. George A. Harmount. Col. George D. Robinson. 1st Company of Pontoniers, Capt. John J. Smith. SIEGE TRAIN. Brig. Gen. JAMES TOTTEN. 1st Indiana Heavy Artillery, Companies B, C, H, I K L and F. Hays. , , , M, Col. Benjamin New York Light Artillery, 18th Battery, Capt. Albert G. Mack. THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. GORDON GRANGER. MORTAR BATTERIES. 6th Michigan Heavy Artillery, Company A, Capt. Seldon F. Craig. 6th Michigan Heavy Artillery, Company K, Lient. Charles W. Wood. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES C. VEATCH. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES R. SLACK. Brig. Gen. ELIAS S. DENNIS. 99th Illinois (five companies), Lient. Col. 8th Illinois, Col. Josiah A. Sheetz. Asa C. Matthews. 11th Illinois, Col. James H. Coates. 47th Indiana, Lient. Col. John A. Mc- 46th Illinois, Col. Benjamin Dornblaser. Langhlin. 21st Iowa, Lient. Col. Salne G.Van Anda. 29th Wisconsin, Lient. Col. Bradford Hancock Page 106 106 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA,, MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Third Brigade. Lient. Col. WILLIAM B. KINSEY. 29th Illinois, Lieut. Col. John A. Callicott. 30th Missouri (four companies), Lieut. Col. William T. Wilkinson. 161st New York, Ma Willis E. Craig. 23d Wisconsin, Maj. Joseph E. Greene. Artillery. Capt. GEORGE W. Fox.* Massachusetts Light, 4th Battery (D), Lieut. George W. Taylor. Massachusetts Light, 7th Battery (G), Capt. Newman W. Storer. SECOND DIYISION.t Brig. Gen. CHRISTOPHER C. ANDREWS. First Brigade. Col. HENRY BERTRAM. 94th Illinois, Col. John McNulta. 19th Iowa, Lieut. Col. John Bruce. 23d Iowa, Col. Samuel L. Glasgow. 20th Wisconsin, ~ieut. Col. Henry A. Starr. 1st Missouri Light Artillery, Battery F, Capt. Joseph Foust. Second Brigade. Col. WILLIAM T. SPIcELY. 76th Illinois: Col. Samuel 2 Bnsey.t Lieut. Col. Charles C. Jones. 97th Illinois, Licut. Col. Victor Vifquain. 24th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Francis A. Sears. 69th Indiana (four companies): Lieut. Col. Oran Perry.t Capt. Lewis K, Harris. Third Brigade. Col. FREDERICK W. MOORE. 37th Illinois, Col. Charles Black. 20th Iowa, Lieut. Col. Joseph B. Leake. 34th Iowa, Col. George W. Clark. 53d Ohio, Lieut. Col. William H. Baldwin. 114th Ohio, Col. John H. Kelly. Artillery. Connecticut Light, 2d Battery, Capt. Walter S. Hotchkiss. Massachusetts Light, 15th Battery, Lieut. Albert Rowse. THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WILL1AM P. BENTON. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. DAVID P. GRIER. Col. HENRY M. DAY. 28th Illinois: 91st Illinois, Lient. Col. George A. Day. Licut. Col. Richard Ritter. 50th Indiana (five companies), Lient. Col. Maj. Hinman Rhodes. Samuel T. Wells. 77th Illinois, Lient. Col. John B. Reid. 29th Iowa, Col. Thomas H. Benton, jr. 96th Ohio (five companies), Lient. Col. 7th Vermont, Col, William C. Holbrook. Albert H. Brown. 35th Wisconsin, Col. Henry Orif. Chief of corps artillery. t The Second and Third Brigades and the artillery of this division, under General Andrews, were attached to the Column from Pensacola. (See p. 108). Wounded April 9 Page 107 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 107 Third Brigade. Col. CONRAD KREZ. 33d Iowa, Col. Cyrus H. Mackey. 77th Ohio, Lieut. Col. William E. Stevens. 27th Wisconsin, Capt. Charles H. Cunningham. 28th Wisconsin, Lieut. Col. Edmund B. Gray. Artiflerg. New York Light, 21st Battery, Capt. James Barnes. New York Light, 26th Battery, Lieut. Adam Beattie. SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. ANDREW J. SMITH. PONTONIERS. 114th Illinois, Maj. John M. Johnson. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN MOARTHUR. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. WILLIAM L. MOMILLEN. Col. LUCIUS F. HUBBARD. 33d Illinois, Col. Charles E. Lippincott. 47th Illinois: 26th Indiana, Col. John G. Clark. Maj. Edward Bonham. 93d Indiana, Col. De Witt C. Thomas. Col. David W. Magee. 10th Minnesota, Lient. Col. Samuel P. 5th Minnesota, Lient. Col. William B. Jennison. Gere. 72d Ohio, Lient. Col. Charles G. Eaton. 9th Minnesota, Col. Josiah F. Marsh. 95th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Jefferson Brum- 11th Missouri, Maj. Modesta J. Green. hack. 8th Wisconsin, Lient. Col. William B. Britton. Third Brigade. Col. WILLIAM R. MARSHALL.* 12th Iowa, Maj. Samuel G. Knee. 35th Iowa, Lieut. Col. William B. Keeler. 7th Minnesota, Lieut. Col. George Bradley. 33d Missouri, Lient. Col. William H. Heath. Artillery. Indiana Light, 3d Battery, Capt. Thomas J. Giun. Iowa Light, 2d Battery, Capt. Joseph R. Reed. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. KENNER GARRARD. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. JOHN I. RINAKER. Brig. Gen. JAMES I. GILBERT. 119th Illinois, Col. Thomas J. Kinney. 117th Illinois, Col. Risdon M. Moore. 122d Illinois: 27th Iowa, Maj. George W. Howard. Lient. Col. James F. Drish.t 32d Iowa, Lient. Col. Gustavus A. Eber Maj. James F. Chapman. hart. 89th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Hervey Craven. 10th Kansas (four companies), Lieut. 21st Missouri, Capt. Charles W. Tracy. Col. Charles S. Hills. 6th Minnesota, Lieut. Col. Hiram P.~ Grant. * Wounded March 25. Wounded April 9 Page 108 108 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Third Brigade. Col. CHARLES L. HARRIS. 58th Illinois (four companies), Capt. John Murphy. 52d Indiana, Lieut. Col. Zalmon S. Main. 34th New Jersey, Col. William Hudson Lawrence. 178th New York, Lient. Col. John B. Gandolfo. 11th Wisconsin, Maj. Jesse S. Miller. THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. EUGENE A. CARR. Fir8t Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. JONATHAN B. MOORE. Col. LYMAN M. WARD. 72d Illinois, Lient. Col. Joseph Stockton. 40th Missonri, Col. Samuel A. Holmes. 95th Illinois, Col. Leander Blanden. 49th Missouri, Col. David P. Dyer. 44th Missouri, Capt. Frank G. Hopkins. 14th Wisconsin, Maj. Eddy F. Ferris. 33d Wisconsin, Lient. Col. Horatio H. Virgin. Third Brigade. Col. .JAMES L. GEDDEs. 81st Illinois, Lieut. Col. Andrew W. Rogers. 108th Illinois, Col. Charles Turner. 124th Illinois, Bvt. Col. John H. Howe. 8th Iowa, Lient. Col. William B. Bell. ARTILLERY BRIGADE. * Capt. JOHN W. LOWELL. Illinois Light, Cogswells battery, Lient. William R. Elting. 2d Illinois Light, Battery G, Lient. Perry Wilch. Indiana Light, 1st Battery, Capt. Lawrence Jacoby. Indiana Light, 14th Battery, Capt. Francis W. Morse. Ohio Light, 17th Battery, Capt. Charles S. Rice. COLUMN FROM PENSACOLA BAY, FLA. Maj. Gen. FREDERICK STEELE. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN P. HAWKINS. Fir8t Brigade. Second Brigade. Brig. tlen. WILLIAM A. PILE. Col. IIIRAM SCOFIELD. 73d U. S. Colored Troops, Lieut. Col. 47th U. S. Colored Troops, Lieut. Col. Henry C. Merriam. Ferdinand E. Peebles. 82d U. S. Colored Troops, Col. Ladislas 50th U. S. Colored Troops, Col. Charles A. L. Zulavsky. Gilchrist. 86th U. S. Colored Troops, Lieut. Col. 51st U. S. Colored Troops, Col. A. Watson George E. Yarrington. Webber. _ - * The 3d Indiana and 2d Iowa Batteries attached to First Division. 7SeeT66tii6teQ)p.I0~ Page 109 TUE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 109 Third Brigade. Col. CHARLES W. DREW. 48th U. S. Colored Troops, Col. Frederick M. Crandal. 68th U. S. Colored Troops: Col. J. Blackburn Jones. * Lieut. Col. Daniel Densmore. 76th U. S. Colored Troops, Maj. William E. Nye. CAVALRY. LUCAS DIVISION.t Brig. Gen. THOMAS J. LUCAS. Fir8t Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. MORGAN H. CHRYSLER. Lient. Col. ANDREW B. SPURLING. 1st Louisiana, Lient. Col. Algernon S. 1st Florida, Capt. Francis Lyons. Badger. 2d Illinois, Maj. Franklin Moore. 31st Massachusetts (mounted infantry),t 2d Maine, Maj. Charles A. Miller. Lieut. Col. Edward P. Nettleton. 2d New York Veteran: Col. Morgan H. Chrysler. Lient. Col. Asa L. Gurney. Artillery. Massachusetts Light, 2d Battery (B), Capt. William Marland. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOSEPH F. KNIPE. Fir8t Brigade. Second Brigade. CoL JOSEPH KARG~i. Col. GILBERT M. L. JOHNSON. 12th Indiana, Maj. William H. Calkins. 10th Indiana, Maj. George R. Swallow. 2d New Jersey, Lient. Col. P. Jones 13th Indiana, Lieut. Col. William T. Yorke. Pepper. 4th Wisconsin, Col. Webster P. Moore. 4th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. Jacob M. Thornburgh. Artillery. Ohio Light, 14th Battery, Capt. William C. Myers. DISTRICT OF SOUTH ALABAMA. Brig. Gen. T. KILBY SMITH. DAUPHIN ISLAND. Lient. Col. BYRON KIRBY. 3d Maryland Cavalry (6 companies), Capt. Eli D. Grinder. 6th Michigan Heavy Artillery, Companies C, E, F, H, and I, Capt. Seymour Howell. MOBILE POINT. Lient. Col. CHARLES E. CLARKE. 1st Michigan Light Artillery, Battery G, Lieut. George L. Stillman. 6th Michigan Heavy Artillery, Companies B, D, and G, Maj. Harrison Sonle. Wounded April 9. Previous to March 29 the brigades of this command were designated, respect- ively, the Separate Cavalry Brigade and Special Cavalry Expedition, General Lucas being in command of the first named. ~ At General Canbys headquarters from April 4 Page 110 110 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA,, & W. FLA. No. 3. Return of casualties in the Union Forces operating Ala., March 17April 12. [Compiled from nominal list of casualties.] Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. ______ Ii I Command. H a a . a . . 0 8 ~ 8 0 H 0 H 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ ENGINEER BRIGADE. Brig. Gen. JOSEPH BAILEY. 96th U. S. Colored Troops 97th U. S. Colored Troops 1st Company of Pontoniers SIEGE TRAIN. Brig. Gen. JAMES TorTEN. 1st Indiana Heavy Artillery, Companies B, C, H, I, K, L, and M New York Light Artillery, 18th Battery Total Siege Train THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. GORDON GRANGER. Mortar Batteries. 6th Michigan Heavy Artillery, Companies A andK FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES C. FEATCH. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES R. SLACK. 99th Illinois (five companies) 47th Indiana 21st Iowa 29th Wisconsin Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. ELIAS S. DENNIS. 8th Illinois 11th Illiuois 46th Illinois Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Lieut. Col. WILLIAM B. KINSEY. 29th Illinois 10th Missouri (four companies) 161st New York 21d Wisconsin 1 1 18 20 1 1 18 20 .1 I 1 5 2 6 3 11 1 2 1 4 1 1 2 4 5 12 7 24 11 4 55 70 9 9 1 1 12 4 64 80 5 17 22 2 2 1 9 10 Total Third Brigade 6 28 34 against Mobile Page 111 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 111 Return of casualties in the Union Forces operating against Mobile, Ala., ~5c.Continued. Command. Artillery. Capt. GEORGE W. Fox.~ Massachusetts Light, 4th Battery (ID) Massachusetts Light, 7th Battery (G) Total Artillery Total First Division 5EOOND DIVIsION.f Brig. Gen. CHRISTOPHER C. ANDREWS. First Brigade. Col. HENRY BERTRAM. 94th Illinois 19th Iowa 23d Iowa 20th Wisconsin 1st Missouri Light Artillery, Battery F Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Col. WILLIAM T. SPICELY. 76th Illinois 97th Illinois 24th ludiana 69th Indiana (four companies) Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Col. FREDERICK W. MOORE. 37th Illinois 20th Iowa 81d Ohio 114th Ohio Total Third Brigade Artillery. Connecticut Light, 2d Battery Massachusetts Light, 15th Battery Total Artillery Total Second Division THIRD DIVIsIoN. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM P. BENTON. First Brigade. Col. DAVID P. GRIER. 28th Illinois 77th Illinois 96th Ohio (five companies) 15th Wlsconsln Total First Brigade , I ~ of corps artillery. Killed. Wounded. 0 . a a a a a a ~ a 0 1 3 1 3 1 24 4 5 5 -. 19 5 1 64 16 4 78 9 6 46 a 22 1 2 14 Captured or missing. 0 107 7 4 4 142 24 26 15 70 98 61 26 17 29 12 160 202 1 8 I 1 3 1 12 16 6 2 26 34 6 6 10 3 52 65 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 45 16 278 340 3 2 9 14 5 5 4 1 5 8 4 2~ 25 See foot note (t), p. 106. ii 3 Page 112 112 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Return of casualties in the Union Forces operating against Mobile, Ala., 4.c.Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. ___ Command. ,Ii ,Ji a a . ~ a a a a a a bt 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ Second Brigade. Col. HENRY M. DAY. 91st flhinois 50th indiana (five companies) 29th Iowa 7th Vermont Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Col. CoNRAD KERE. 33d Iowa 77th Ohio 27th Wisconsin 28th Wisconsin Total Third Brigade Artillery. New York Light, 21st Battery New York Light, 26th Battery Total Artillery ____ Total Third Division Total Thirteenth Army Corps SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. ANDREW J. SMITH. Pontoniers. 114th Illinois FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN MCARTHUR. Pioneers First Brigade. Col. WILLIAM L. MCMILLEN. 33d Illinois 26th Indiana 93d Indiana 10th Minnesota 72d Ohio 95th Ohio Total First Brigade ____ Second Brigade. Col. LucIus F. HUHHARD. 47th Illinois 5th Minnesota 9th Minnesota 11th Missouri 8th Wisconsin Total Second Brigade 4 2 1 1 1 14 9 13 17 1 4 1 21 20 11 19 39 89 2 53 1 26 2 10 12 2 10 12 2 12 14 4 2 32 38 1 1 2 1 1 2 16 6 111 1 27 161 85 26 496 1 34 643 1 1 1 12 13 1 1 12 14 3 3 7 4 1 3 1 2 3 4 1 39 44 1 3 11 15 16 16 2 1 13 16 5 27 33 2 17~ 19 10 84 9 Page 113 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 113 Return of casualties in the Union Force8 operating against Mobile, Ala., 4~c.Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. 0 0 0 a H a H H 1 Third Brigade. Col. WILLIAM IR. MARSHALL.* 12th Iowa 35th Iowa 7th Minnesota 33d Missouri Total Third Brigade Artiltery. Indiana Light, 3d Battery Iowa Light, 2d Battery Total Artillery Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. KEENER GARRARD. First Brigade. Col. JOHN I. RINAKER. 119th Illinois 122d Illinois 89th Indiana 21st Missouri Total First Brigade. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES I. GILBERT. 117th fllinois 27th Iowa 32d Iowa 10th Kansas (four Companies) 6th Minnesota Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Col. CHARLES L. HARRIS. 58th fllinois (four companies) 52d Indiana 34th New Jersey 178th New York 11th Wisconsin Total Third Brigade Total Second Division THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. EUGENE A. CAHH. First Brigade. Col. JONATHAN B. MOORE. 72d Illinois 95th Illinois 44th Missonri 33d Wisconsin Total First Brigade 1 4 ~ Wounded March 25. 8 B BVOL XLIX, PT I 2 8 4 4 4 9 5 6 4 1 2 20 . 23 . . 1 1 1~ 1 1 15 7 145 168 2 15 ... . ~. 17 2 1 9 12 1 6 1 8 9 1 24 14 14 2 54 1 71 2 2 1 4 1 6 1 1 6 1 12 19 2 2 6 2 19 3 80 1 2 1 14 18 2 2 2 3 1 6 2 1 6 9 1 14 2 48 65 2 22 4~ 71 1 100 2 42 8 144 5 201 1 10 11 1 1 26~ 28 1 6 7 1, 3 1 45 50 4 871 9 Page 114 114 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., ~flSS., ALA., & W. FLA. Return of casualties in the Union Eorce8 operating against Miobile, Ala., 4~c.Continuod. Killed. Command. 0 Wounded. Captured or missing. a 0 0 Second Brigade. Col. LYMAN M. WARD. 40th Missouri 49th Missouri 14th Wisconsin Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Col. JAMES L. GEDDES. 81st Illinois 108th Illinois 124th Illinois 8th Iowa Total Third Brigade Total Third Division Artillery Brigade.* Capt. JOHN W. LOWELL. Illinois Light, Cogswells battery 2d Illinois Light, Battery G Indiana Light, 1st Battery Indiana Light. 14th Battery Ohio Light, 17th Battery Total Artillery Brigade Total Sixteenth Army Corps COLUMN FROM PENSACOLA BAY. Maj. Gen. FREDERICK STEELE. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN P. HAWKINS. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM A. PILE. 73d U. S. Colored Troops 82d U. S. Colored Troops 86th U. S. Colored Troops Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Col. HIRAM SCOFIELD. 47th U. S. Colored Troops 50th U. S. Colored Troops 51st U. S. Colored Troops Total Seedud Brigade Third Brigade. Col. CHARLES W. Dscs~W. 48th U. S. Colored Troops 68th U. S. Colored Troops 76th U. S. Colored Troops Total Third Brigade 3 1 2 1 1 16 7 12 19 10 14 5 3 35 43 2 7 9 3 1 10 14 6 2 24 32 8 3 40 51 19 6 81 106 1 28 13 203 245 1 1 1 1 4 85 28 493 5 615 3 5 19 27 3 1 30 34 1 3 2 37 43 1 9 8 86. 104 2 1 17 20 1 5 1 18 25 2 1 14 17 1 9 3 49 62 2 1 20 23 3 9 7 81 100 2 12 3 65 82 5 23 11 166 205 Total FirstDivision 7 41 22 301 ~ 3d Indiana and 2d Iowa Batteries attached to First Division, see p. 113. 37 Page 115 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. Return of casualties in the Union Forces operating against Mobile, Ala., 4c.Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. a a a . a . ~ e bI a a ______________ 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ CAVALRY. LUCAS DIVISION. Brig. Gen. THOMAS J. LUCAS. First Brigade. Col. MORGAN TI. CHRYSLER. 1st Louisiana 31st Massachusetts (mounted infantry)* 2d 1~ew York Veteran Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Lieut. Col. ANDREW B. SPURLING. 1st Florida 2d Illinois 2d Maine Total Second Brigade Artillery. Massachusetts Light, 2d Battery (B) Total Cavalry Total column from Pensacola Bayt 1 5 2 10 3 21 1 2 3 1 6 2 12 3 24 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 5 1 7 3 15 3 29 8 48 25 316 400 I RECAPITULATION. Siege Train 1 1 18 20 Army Corps 1 85 26 496 1 ~ 643 Sixteenth Army Corps 4 85 28 493 5 615 Column from Pensacola Bay 8 48 25 316 3 403 Grandtotal 13 219 80 1323 1 42 1,678 OFFICERS HILLED OR MORTALLY WOUNDED. ILLINOIS. Lieut. Thohias Malloy, 58th Infantry. INDIANA. Lieut. George E. Merchant, 24th Infantry. IOWA. Lient. Henry Vineyard, 8th Infantry. KANSAS. Lieut. John Bryan, 10th Infantry. 115 5At General Canbys headquarters from April 4. See also losses of Second and Third Brigades and the artillery of Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, p. 111 Page 116 116 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. LOUISIANA. Lient. Alfred Shaffer, 1st Cavalry. MISSOURI. Capt. William Erwin, 11th Infantry. Lient. Frank M. Gongli, 21st Infantry. OHIO. Lient. John Snyder, 83d Infantry. U. S. COLORED TROOPS. Lient. Garrett J. D. Jarvis, 50th Infantry. Lient. Clark Gleason, 68th Infantry. Capt. George Geiger, 68th Infantry. Capt. John C. Brown, 73d Infantry. Lient. Edward R. R. Talbot, 68th In- Capt. Samnel R. Wilson, 76th Infantry. fantry. Lieut. William F. Webster, 76th Infantry. Lient. Charles Manhardt, 68th Infantry. Maj. Lewis P. Mudgett, 86th Infantry. WISCONSIN. Lient. Richard Caddell, 11th Infantry. Capt. Emory F. Stone, 20th Infantry. Capt. Carltoa G. Stetson, 33d Infantry. No.4. Itinerary of the Army of West Mississipjpi.* THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS.t February 18.Corps reorganized by General Orders, No. 20, Military Division of West Mississippi. Troops forming the corps in part at Forts Gaines and Morgan, Ala., and at Barrancas, Fla., at time of announcement of organization. Remainder reported at these points since that time, with the exception of Twenty-third Wisconsin Volun- teers. Troops in camp preparing for the field. March 17.General Bentons (Third) division left Navy Cove, pre- ceded on the 16th by Colonel Bertrams (First) brigade, Second Division, and followed by General Veatchs (First) division on the 19th. March 20.The Second and Third Brigades, Second Division, Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews commanding; left with forces under command of Major-General Steele from Pensacola, Fla., marching in a northerly direction along the line of the Florida and Alabama Railroad. March 26.The whole command, consisting of the First and Third Divisions, and First Brigade, Second Division, reached the vicinity of ,Spanish Fort, Ala. March 27.The right of the Thirteenth Corps connected with Major- General Smiths Sixteenth Corps. March 28.Our skirmishers were within 400 yards of the enemys works and approaches were commenced. Major-General Granger com- manded in person the portion of the corps consisting of the First Division, First Brigade, Second, and Third Divisions. April 1.The Third Division and First Brigade, Second Division, in position before Spanish Fort, Ala., the left resting on Mobile Bay and right connecting with Sixteenth Army Corps; approaches constantly pushed forward under heavy fire. * From retnrns of the commands indicated for Febrnary, March, April, May, and Jnne, 1865. Commanded by Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger Page 117 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN, 117 April 8.At 11 p. m. the enemy evacuated his works. Our saps had been pushed to within 237 yards of the main works. The First Brigade, Second Division, immediately occupied them upon their evacuation. April 9.In the morning the Third Division marched to rear of Blakely to take part in the assault on the works at that place, but did not get into position sufficiently early. The First Division and Second and Third Brigades, Second Division, participated in the siege of Blakely. The enemys works were assaulted, these commands forming part of the assaulting line, reaching the enemys works without check, but with considerable loss. April 11.First and Third Divisions marched from rear of Blakely at sundown for Starkes Landing. April 12.Embarked on transports by daylight; crossed Mobile Bay in the morning; landed five miles below Mobile at 10.30 a. m. without meeting opposition, and marched toward the city. It was ascertained the city had been evacuated by the enemy. General Granger and staff reached the city by water on transport General Banks as the head of the column entered it. April 30.The Second and Third Brigades, Second Division, are with General Steeles column at Selma; the Third Division on the Tombigbee River; the First Division forming garrison of Mobile; First Brigade, Second Division, holding Spanish and Blakely Forts. May 7.The First Brigade, Second Division, withdrew [from] Blakely and Spanish Fort, and encamped near [Mobile], the First-Division sup- plying by detachment required garrison. May 9.The Third Division arrived from McIntosh Bluff, on the Tombigbee River, and encamped near Mobile. May 12 and 13.The Second and Third Brigades, Second Division, arrived from Selma and encamped near Mobile. The corps was thus assembled at Mobile, the only detachments being guards on the line of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, and garrisons at East Pascagoula, Fort Blakely, Mount Vernon Arsenal, and Fort Tracy. May 26 and 27.First and Second Brigades, First Division, in accordance with orders from Major-General Canby, embarked for New Orleans, there to report to the major-general commanding the military division. May 30.In compliance with orders from Major-General Canby, com- manding the military division, Bentons (Third) division was directed to report to Maj. Gen. F. Steele for service in Texas; change made in bat- teries to furnish required artillery. During the month the Fiftieth Indiana and One hundred and sixty- first New York Volunteers have been withdrawn from the corps. The Thirty-first Massachusetts (mounted) Infantry and Ninety-sixth and Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry have been attached to the corps, and are consequently accounted for on this return. Corps headquarters have continued at Mobile during the month. June 14.Corps headquarters left Mobile. June 18.Arrived at Galveston. The First Division, from which no formal reports have been received, has been sent up Red River and into Northeastern Texas. The Sec- ond Division has been transferred in part to Texas by way of Gal- vestonregiments stationed at Galveston, Houston, Millican, and Columbus. All the division except that part to be mustered out will come to Galveston, as well as the Third Brigade, First Division. The Third Division is mainly at Brazos de Santiago, Tex., reporting to Major-General Steele. Headquarters of the division and regiments awaiting muster out are still at Mobile, Ala Page 118 118 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. First Division. February 12.Division organized by Special Orders, No. 43, Military Division of West Mississippi. Brigades and batteries reported at Dau- phin Island, Ala., and General Veatch assumed command. The division was formerly a portion of the iReserve Corps, Military Division of West Mississippi. March 17.Left Dauphin Island, moving by transports to Navy Cove, a distance of five miles. March 18.In the morning marched about four miles. March 26.Moved on to Spanish Fort; met enemys pickets; invested the fort. March 30.Moved as guard to a supply train for General Steele; en- camped at night at Sibleys Mills. Losskilled in action, 9; wounded, 4. [April.]Left Blakely, Ala., after the surrender and embarked at Spanish Fort for Mobile. April 12.Arrived at the latter place; division doing garrison duty; one brigade (First) at Spring Hill, five miles from the city. May 25.The division received orders to march. May 27.Left Mobile. May 28.Arrived at New Orleans. May 31.Left New Orleans for Red River. The division has been in no engagement with the enemy since last return. First Brigade, First Division. February 5.Moved from Kenner, La., to Dauphin Island, Ala., by order of Major-General Steele, commanding Reserve Corps. IlMareh.1Since last report this brigade moved by water to Navy Cove, Ala., thence by land to Spanish Fort, Ala., where an engage- ment with the enemy took place on March 26. After remaining in front of the enemy nntil March 30 the command was ordered out to guard supplies to Major-General Steele; on the 31st, in camp at ilol- yoke Mills, Ala. April 1.This brigade was at Holyoke Mills, northeast from Spanish Fort. April 2.From thence it moved to Blakely, Ala., and remained in the siege of Blakely until its capture on April 9. April 11.We moved to Starkes Landing and embarked on steamers and crossed the bay to Magnolia Race Course, and debarked on the 12th. April 13.We moved to Spring Hill, Ala., seven miles from Mobile, where the brigade is at present [April 30]. May 1.This brigade was encamped at Spring Hill, near Mobile, where it remained until the 26th of the month. May 26.It broke camp, and moving into Mobile embarked on steam- ers for New Orleans via Lake Pontchartrain. May 27.Arrived at Hickox Landing at night and on the follow- ing morning disembarked and went into camp at Metairie Ridge Race Course, two miles from New Orleans. May 30.Again embarked. May 31.At daylight started up the Mississippi River for Shreve- port, La. June 1.This command was on board steam transports bound for Shreveport, La. The Twenty-first Iowa, Lieutenant-Colonel Van Anda commanding, was left to occupy Grand Ecore. June 7.The remainder of the brigade arrived at Shreveport at night; disembarked the following morning and went into camp a quarter of a mile outside of the city, where it has since remained Page 119 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 119 & eond Brigade, First Division. February 4.Left Kenner, La. February 8.Arrived at Dauphin Island, Ala. The command has been in camp since that time; have been on no marches, nor partici- pated in any battles. March 17.Left Dauphin Island; marched to Spanish Fort, about fifty miles, arriving on the 26th. March 27.Commenced the siege; skirmishing daily, but no regular action. Loss in command light. [April.]Brigade was encamped at ilolyoke, Ala., on the date of the last report. April 2.Received marching orders and moved to Blakely, Ala., as escort to supply train and to re-enforce Major-General Steele at that point. The investment having commenced, was assigned a position in front of the works, which was held until April 9. April 9.The enemys works were charged and carried by assault. April 12.Crossed the bay and landed at Catfish Point, a few miles below Mobile. This brigade was given the advance and occupied the city at 12 in., and has formed a part of the garrison since that time Third Brigade, First Division. [March.]Since last report the brigade has moved by water to Navy Cove, Ala.; thence by land to Spanish Fort, Ala. March 25.The Thirtieth Missouri Infantry were left at iDannellys Mills, on Fish River, Ala., to guard supplies and bridge at that place. March 2G.Commenced an engagement with the enemy. March 28.The One hundred and sixty-first New York was detached, by order of Brigadier-General Veatch, to build roads to Starkes Land- ing, Ala.; since been detailed to guard supplies and post at that station. March 30.Moved out with the First Division and proceeded to Holyoke Mills, guarding train of supplies for Major-General Steele. Second Division. March 4.Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews assumed command of Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in pursuance of Special Orders, No. 1, dated headquarters U. S. Forces, Barrancas, Fla., March 4. At this time the Second and Third Brigades, Second Connecticut and Fifteenth Massachusetts Batteries were at Barrancas, the First Brigade being detached from the division and at Navy Cove, Ala. March 11.The division marched to Pensacola, Fla., where they con- structed about 1500 feet of wharf and about 600 yards of railroad track, connecting the commissary building with the wharf. March 20.The command moved northward along the line of the Florida and Alabama Railroad, arriving in the vicinity of Pollard on the 25th. March 26.The Second Brigade, with the division commander, entered Pollard, where about 600 yards of railroad track was torn up, several bridges destroyed, and the commissary and quartermasters buildings burned. March 27.The division moved westward along the line of the Mobile and Montgomery Railroad, arriving at Stockton, Ala., on the Tensas River, on the 31st. The roads traveled over were almost impassable; about twenty-five miles of corduroy had to be built. The division also assisted in building a bridge over Pine Barren Creek, and built bridge Page 120 120 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. over the Escambia and Little Escambia Rivers. During this long and difficult march only one wagon of the division train was lost. During the time above referred to the First Brigade was engaged in operations before Spanish Fort, Ala. April 1.The Second and Third Brigades, with the Second Connecti- cut and Fifteenth Massachusetts Batteries, left camp near Stockton, Ala., taking the road down the Tensas River, arriving in front of Blakely on the morning of the 2d. April 2.The place was invested, the Second Division forming on the left of Hawkins (colored) division, and holding a line two miles in length. From this time until the evening of the 9th were busily engaged in digging intrenchments and gradually advancing our lines. April 9.In the evening a charge was ordered upon the enemys works, which proved entirely successful, the entire garrison, with all of their artillery and small-arms being captured, the Second Division cap- turing 1,300 prisoners and 12 pieces of artillery. April 11.In the evening the Second Brigade, with the division com- mander, was ordered to Starkes Landing, on Mobile Bay, where it remained nntil the 14th. April 14.They were ordered to return to Blakely, where the Third Brigade was encamped. The two brigades remained at Blakely until the 19th. April 19.Orders were received to embark on transports and proceed up the Alabama River. April 20.Left Blakely in the evening, arrived at Mobile same day; lay there until the morning of the 22d. April 22.We moved slowly up the Alabama River, forming a part of Major.General Steeles expeditionary forces. April 27.Arrived at Selma, Ala. April 28.Were ordered to occupy the place. Are now encamped here. The First Brigade of this division took part in the operations against Spanish Fort and is now encamped at that place. May 1 to 6.The First Brigade was stationed at Blakely. May 6.It moved to its present position below the city of Mobile. The Second and Third Brigades, with the Second Connecticut and Fifteenth Massachusetts Batteries, were at Selma, Ala., until the 11th and 12th of May, when they embarked on board transports and moved down the river to Mobile. Arriving at that place on the evenings of the 12th and 13th, they disembarked and have remained in camp near and in the city since. May 31.The Twenty.first New York Battery joined the Second Division by order from headquarters Thirteenth Army Corps. June 1.The division was camped in anl around the city of Mobile, Ala. During the month it has been embarking for Galveston, Tex., as fast as transportation was furnished. June 30.But three regiments and three batteries remain at Mobile. First Brigade, & cond Division. February 12.This brigade, organized under Special Orders, No. 43, extract III, dated headquarters Military Division of West Missis~sippi, New Orleans, La., is at present detached from the Second Division and in camp at Mobile Point, Ala. The brigade is doing guard, picket, and heavy fatigue duty. March 4.Col. Henry Bertram, Twentieth Wisc~nsiu Volunteers, assumed command of the brigade in accordance with Special Orders, No. 6, extract II, headquarters Thirteenth Army Corps, March 4 Page 121 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 121 March 18.Broke camp at Navy Cove, Mobile Bay, and marched up the peninsula, arriving on the left bank of the Fish River on the evening of the 21st. March 22.Crossed that stream in the morning. March 25.Resumed the march up the bay, the brigade forming the left flank of the column, and encamped on the south bank of DOlives Creek on be evening of the 27th. March 28.Assumed position on extreme left of forces investing Spanish Fort, since which time the troops have been engaged in the duties incidental to a siege. The casualties to date are shown on the face of the report. April 1.Retained position on extreme left of investing forces Spanish Fort, Ma. April 9.Moved into and took possession of Spanish Fort immediately on its captnre, the brigade being assigned to the duty of garrisnning the fort and guarding prisoners of war captured there and at Fort Blakely, Ala. April 22.Brigade headquarters removed to Blakely, Ala., in obedi. ence to Special Orders, No.38, extract VI, headquarters MilitaryDivision of West Mississippi, dated April 19. The following troops of the bri. gade were left in garrison at Spanish Fort: The Nillety-fourth Illinois Volunteers, Nineteenth Iowa Volanteers an Light Artillery. , d Battery F, First Missouri June 22.Left Mobile, Ala. June 25.Arrived at Galveston, Tex., since which time two regiments of the brigade have been doing duty in this city; the Twenty-third Iowa Infantry doing duty at Columbus, Tex.; Nineteenth Iowa Infantry left at Mobile, Ala., temporarily detached. Second Brigade, Second Division. March 11.The troops comprising the Second Brigade left Barrancas, Fla., and proceeded by land to Pensacola, at which place they remained n~1 camp until March 20. March 20.They left Pensacola, arriving at the Escambia River on the evening of March 25. March 26.The brigade crossed the river and proceeded to Pollard. Destroyed a portion of the railroad and Government buildings and returned the same day. Jllarch 27.The brigade again moved. March 31.Went into camp for the night at or near Stockton, Ala. The entire road over which the brigade passed was ill bad condition, almost impassable, and a great amount of labor was expended in corda- roying, in order to permit the artillery and train of the division to pass. April 1.In the morning the brigade left camp at Stockton, Ala. April 2.In the morning we arrived in front of the enemys works at Blakely, from which time to the 9th were engaged in digging intrench- ments and gradually advancing our lines. April 9.In the evening a charge was made upon the enemys works at Blakely, in which successful assanit the brigade participated. April 11.At night we received orders to proceed to Starkes Land. ing, and remained there until the 14th; were ordered back to Blakely. April 19.Received orders to embark on transports and proceed up the Alabama River. April 22.Left Mobile Bay Page 122 122 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. April 27.Arrived at Selma, Ala., at which place the brigade is now [April 30] encamped. May 1 to 11.The brigade was stationed at Selma, Ala. May 11.At night received orders to proceed to Mobile. May 12.Arrived at that place, since which time the brigade has remained in and near the city, attached, as heretofore, to the Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, Bvt. Maj. Gen. C. C. Andrews com- manding. June 1 to 25.The brigade was stationed at Mobile. June 12.The Sixty-ninth Battalion Indiana Volunteers, forming a part of the brigade, was detached for temporary duty by virtue of Special Orders, No. 73, headquarters Thirteenth Army Corps. June 25.In pursuance to orders received, the Twenty-fourth mdi. ana and Ninety-seventh Illinois embarked on transports for Galveston. Ju.ne 26.The Seventy-sixth Illinois embarked for the same place. June 29 and 30.The three regiments arrived at Galveston. Third Brigade, & cond Division. March 5.The Third Brigade, of the Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, wash organized at Barrancas, Fla. March 11.The brigade marched to Pensacola, Fla., remaining there antil the 20th. March 20.The command moved northward along the line of the Pensacola and Pollard Railroad. March 2G.Arrived iu the vicinity of Pollard, Ala.; thence took a westerly course along a branch of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. March 30.Arrived at Stockton, Ala., on the Tensas River, the roads traveled during this expedition being almost impassable. April 1.The brigade left Stockton, Ala., taking the Blakely road down the Tensas River. April 2.Arrived in the vicinity of Blakely, Ala., about noon, and were placed in the center of the line of investing forces of Blakely, which position it occupied until the capture of Blakely with its garrison on the 9th. April 9.In the assault on the enemys works each regiment of this brigade was engaged and did its work nobly, the Eighty-third Ohio taking the advance as skirmishers. On the eve of the 10th the bri- gade was ordered to occupy the works of the enemy at Blakely, which it did until the 20th. April 20.It was embarked on transports and crossed to Mobile, Ala. Soon after its arrival at Mobile the enemy was reported to be advancing on the place. The brigade was disembarked and laid on their arms until the eve of the 21st, when they embarked again and started up the Mobile River, forming a part of the column of Major- General Steeles forces operating in Alabama. April 27.Arrived at Selma, Ala.; disembarked and went into camp at Selma on the 28th. ~ May.]The brigade remained at Selma, Ala., until the 12th. ay 12.It embarked on board transports and moved down the river. May 13.Arrived at Mobile, Al a., in the evening. May 14.Went into camp. [June.]The brigade remained at Mobile, Ala., until June 12. June 12.Orders were received to embark on transports. The One hundred and fourteenth Ohio Volunteers embarked and sailed for Gal- veston, Tex., the same day Page 123 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 123 June 13.The Eighty-third Ohio embarked and sailed. June 14.The Thirty-fourth Iowa and brigade headquarters sailed. The remainder of the brigade (Thirty-seventh Illinois and Twentieth Iowa) were detached at Mobile, Ala., by order of the corps commander. June 16.The One hundred and fourteenth Ohio arrived at Galveston. June 18.Brigade h third Ohio [arrived]. eadquarters, Thirty.fourth Iowa, and Eighty- June 20.The Thirty-fourth Iowa and One hundred and fourteenth Ohio went by railroad to Houston, Tex., by order of General Granger, commanding District of Texas. Third Division. The entire Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, has rendezvoused at Mobile Point, Ala., during the month of February. No military or field operations as yet. March 1.At Mobile Point, Ala. March 17.Marched from Mobile Point via Shell Bank and Bayou Portage to Dannellys Mills, on the North Branch of Fish River, forty miles, arriving there March 23, having to corduroy the road several miles between Bayou Portage and Fish River. March 25.Marched north from Fish River. March 26.Encamped near Spanish Fort Ala. March 27.The Army of West Mississijpi invested Spanish Fort, this division holding the right of the Thirteenth Army Corps. Since then it has been engaged in the operations of the siege. April 1 to 8.Engaged in operations before Spanish Fort, Ala., which was occupied at midnight of the 8th. April 9.Marched to Blakely. April 11.Returned to Starkes Landing;. thence crossed Mobile Ba and encamped within the defenses of Mobile April 12. y April 13.Marched to Whistler Station, on Mobile and Ohio Railroad; had a sharp skirmish with the retreating enemys rear guard; captured valuable machine.shops, locomotives, and rolling-stock and put the enemy to flight. April 19.Marched from Whistler on the telegraph road. April 21.Captured the Mount Vernon Arsenal, and arrived same day at Nannahnbbah Bluff, on the Tombigbee River. April26 and 27.Occupied McIntosh Bluff, on Tombigbee River. May 1.In camp at McIntosh Bluff, Ala. ]Ilay 9.Embarked on fleet of steamers surrendered by the enemy and disembarked at Mobile same day. Since then the division has been encamped near Mobile, Ala. June 1.Seven regiments embarked for Brazos de Santiago. Remain. der of the division stationed near Mobile, Ala., during the month. Second Brigade, Third Division. March 17.The Second Brigade marched from Navy Cove, Mobile Point, Ala. March 27.It formed the center of the Third Division in the attack on Spanish Fort, the Third Brigade being on its right and the First Brigade on its left, which relative position it still [March 31] occupies. March 27 to April 8.This brigade was engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort; was present at the storming of Blakely, but did not par Page 124 124 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., Th & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ticipate in the engagement, and were engaged in a skirmish at Whist- ler, Ala., April 13. From Whistler marched to McIntosh Bluff, on the Tombigbee River, sixty miles above Mobile. ]Iiiay 9.The brigade embarked on transports at McIntosh Bluff, Ala.; arrived at Mobile same evening and went into present camp at Three- Mile Creek. SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS.* First Division. February l.The division was in camp at Eastport. February 5.Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith ordered the command to embark on board transports and proceed to Cairo, Ill., and await further orders. The command embarked. February 7.In the morning the division proceeded as directed on the following steamers: Diadem, City of Memphis, Mississippi, Atlantic, and Magenta. February 8.The fleet of the division arrived in the morililig at Cairo, Ill. February 10.In compliance with orders from Major-General Smith the fleet proceeded down the river. February 11.Arrived at Memphis, Tenn. Applied to Major.General Dana and had a number of officers and men belonging to the division and on duty in the city relieved and ordered to join their command. February 12.Left Memphis and arrived at Yicksburg on the 13th, where the orders issued at Cairo directed the division to await farther orders. February 15.Debarked in compliance with instructions in a tele- gram received from Major-General Canby, and went into camp five miles from the city ready to march on shortest notice. February 19.Re-embarked as directed by Major-General Smith in the same order and on same transpprts as before debarking, and moved down the river. February 20.Arrived in the morning at New Orleans, part of the fleet on the evening of the 21st, the remainder on the morning of the 22d. Debarked at Saint Bernard Parish and went into camp at Chalmette, a low, wet, and very bad camping ground. The designation of the command was changed to First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, by virtue of General Orders, No. 20, headquarters Military Division of West Mississippi, current series. February 28.First Brigade embarl~ed on steam-ship Empire City, with orders to proceed to Dauphin Island via the Gulf and report to Maj. Gen. G. Granger for orders, leaving transportation behind. The One hundred and twenty-fourth Illinois Infantry was assigned to the division by virtue of Special Orders, No. 5, extract II; headquarters Sixteenth Army Corps was transferred to Third Division by virtue of Special Orders, No. 9, same headquarters. No monthly report was received from the regiment before being transferred. ]Iifarch 1.The division was encamped at Chalmette, Saint Bernard Parish, La., excepting the First Brigade, which had sailed for Dauphin Island, Mobile Bay. March 4.The Thirty-third Missouri Infantry embarked on steamer Belvidere with orders to proceed via Gulf to Dauphin Island and report to Maj. Gen. G. Granger. The remainder of the Third Brigade were ordered to proceed via Lake Pontchartrain to Dauphin Island. Commanded by Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith Page 125 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 125 March 5.The SecondBrigade embarked with headquarters of divis- ion on steam-ship Guiding Star for Dauphfn Island. March 7.Arrived at destination. The Third Brigade arrived the same day. The First Brigade had arrived and were in camp. March 19.The divisiQn embarked on transports pursuant to General Orders, No.8, headquarters Sixteenth Army Corps. The Twenty-sixth Indiana and Thirty-third Illinois Infantry, assigned to division pursu- apt to Special Orders, No. 60, headquarters Military Division of West Mississippi, arrived from New Orleans, and part of the Thirty-third Illinois Infantry embarked with the division. The remainder remained for want of transportation. The Second Iowa Battery also remained behind. March 21.The fleet proceeded up the bay, entered Fish River, and debarked at Dannellys Mills. One man belonging to the Eleventh Missouri Infantry fell overboard while en route and was drowned. March P5.The division marched with the remainder of the corps, the First Division marching in the advance. A small force of the enemy remained in front of the advance all day, skirmishing with them and annoying the march as much as possible. Colonel Marshall, Seventh Minnesota Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, received a slight wound in the shoulder from a flank shot of the enemy. March 27.In the morning Spanish Fort was invested, the Third Division on the right, the First Division on the left of the Third, and Thirteenth Army Corps on the left of the First Division. The fort being found too strong for an assault, a regular siege commenced. April 8.The division continued in the siege before Spanish Fort until midnight, when it was ascertained that tlie enemy had evacuated the fort, spiked the guns, and left them in our possession. April 9.The division marched to the siege of Blakely and took position in reserve of the Second Division, Sixteenth Corps. The same day the fort was carried by assault. April 13.In obedience to orders from corps headquarters the divis- ion marched in the order designated in orders in the corps toward Montgomery, Ala., arriving at the latter place after thirteen days marching. April 25.Went into camp four midles from the city. May 10.The divtsion remained in camp near Montgomery, Ala., when, in obedience to orders from the major-general commanding Six- teenth Army Corps, it marched to Selma, Ala. The First Brigade was sent by rail immediately to Meridian; the Ninety-third Indiana was sent to Gainesville; also, the Ninety-fifth Ohio was sent to Enterprise. The Second Brigade was sent to Demopolis; the Eighth Wisconsin, of the Second Brigade, was left at Uniontown, and the Ninth Minnesota, of the same brigade, was sent to Marion. The Third Brigade is sta- tioned at Selma. [June.]The military operations dnring the past month are concur- rent with troops stationed at posts. First Brigade, First Division. February 6.This brigade broke camp at Eastport, Miss., and em- barked on steamer City of Memphis, the entire brigade, composed of the Seventy-second and Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry, Ninety-third Indi- ana Infantry, and Tenth Minnesota Infantry, being transported on the one boat. February 7,The steamer left its mooring at Eastport and arrived at Vicksburg, Miss., February 14 Page 126 126 KY., s. w. vA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. February 15.In the moining the troops debarked and marched to Fonr-Mile Bridge, on the Baldwins Ferry road, where the brigade encamped nntil the morning of the 19th, when it marched back to Vicksbnrg and again embarked on the steamer City of Memphis. February 20.The steamer moved from Yicksburg and arrived at Chalmette, La., near New Orleans. February 22.The troops debarked and are now bivouacked. February 28.A part of this brigade embarked on steamer Empire City near New Orleans, La., and proceeded down the river into the Gulf of Mexico to Fort Gaines, Dauphin Island, Ala., where the troops debarked and bivouacked. March 3.It was joined by the Thirty-third Illinois Veteran Infantry and Twenty-sixth Indiana Veteran Infantry. March 19.The brigade embarked and proceeded up Mobile Bay and Fish River, debarking and bivouacking, March 20, near Dannellys Mills, Ala. March 25.Marched with the remainder of the division in the direc- tion of Blakely, arriving before Spanish Fort, Ala., the 27th, where it is now [March 31] taking an active part in the siege going on against the fortifications at this point. [April.]This brigade was engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala., until it was evacuated by the enemy on the night of April 8. April 9.The brigade joined that part of the army which was besieg- ing Blakely, which place was carried by assanlt on the afternoon of the same day. April 13.The brigade started with the corps on the road to Mont- gomery, Ala., arriving on the 25th, a distance of 180 miles, where the brigade is now [April 30] encamped. May 10.This brigade, which had been encamped at Montgomery, marched to Selma, Ala., a distance of about fifty miles, arriving on the 14th instant. May 16.Embarked for Meridian, Miss., except the Seventy-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry and the Tenth Minnesota Infantry, having been sent the previous day. May 19.The Ninety-third Indiana Infantry was sent north on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad to Gainesville, Ala. May 24.The Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry was sent south on the same line of railroad to Enterprise, Miss. The other regiments remained in camp at this place [Meridianj. [June.]The brigade remained in camp at the posts occupied on May 31, except the Seventy-second Ohio Veteran Infantry moved west on Southern Railroad, regimental headquarters at Forest Station, Miss. The Twenty-sixth Indiana Veteran Infantry moved north on Mobile and Ohio Railroad, regimental headquarters at Macon, Miss. Troops of Ninety-third Indiana Volunteer Infantry withdrawn from Lauderdale and Gainesville Junction, Miss., and stationed in State of Alabama. Second Brigade, First Division. February 7.Brigade embarked on transports and proceeded toVicks- burg, Miss., arriving on the 14th. Debarked and went into camp four miles from the city. February 19.Re-embarked on same steamers and proceeded to New Orleans, arriving on the 21st instant, and went into camp four miles below the city; distance traveled, 1,200 miles. March 1.The brigade was encamped at Chahuette, La Page 127 THE MOBILE CAMPAI~Th. 127 March 5.Embarked on steam-ship Guiding Star for Dauphin Island, Ala., arriving on the 7th instant; disembarked and went into camp. March 19.Embarked on transports and ascended Fish River six miles. March 20.Disembarked and went into camp and remained until the 25th, when it joined in the movement on Mobile. March 27.Arrived at or near Spanish Fort, Ala., and joined in the siege of the same, in which it is engaged at this date [March 31]. April 1.The brigade was engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala. April 9.Moved to Blakely, Ala., and remained in camp at that place. April 13.Took up the line of march for Montgomery, Ala., arriving 25th, at which place the command is at present [April 30] encamped. May 10.The brigade left Montgomery and marched, via Prattville and Autaugaville, to Selma, Ala., arriving on the 14th instant. May 18.Embarked on the cars and proceeded to Demopolis, Ala., the Ninth Minnesota stopping at Marion, Ala., and the Eighth Wiscon- sin at Uniontown, and the remainder of the brigade is stationed at Demopolis, Ala. June 1.The brigade was encamped at Demopolis, Uniontown, and Marion, Ala., at which places it is at present [June 30] stationed. Third Brigade, First Division. February 7.Moved from camp at Eastport, Miss., and embarked on steamer Magenta. February 8.Moved down the Tennessee River with fleet of the First Division. February 9.At Cairo coaling. February 10.Moved down the Mississippi River. February 11.At Memphis coaling. February 12.Moved down the river. February 13.Landed at Yicksburg, Miss. February 15.Disembarked and marched five miles and went into camp on Jackson Railroad. February 19.Moved to Yicksburg and embarked on steamer Ma- genta. February 21.Landed at New Orleans. February 22.Disembarked and went into camp six miles below New Orleans at Chalmette. February 25.Moved into camp four miles below New Orleans. February 28.In camp as above preparing for a campaign in the field. March 1.In camp near New Orleans, La. March 5.Marched to Hickox Landing and embarked on transports. March 7.Debarked at Fort Gaines, Ala., Dauphin Island. March 19.Embarked on gun-boats. March 20.Debarked at Dannellys Mills, Fish River. March 25.Marched with the army corps toward Mobile, Ala., eight miles, skirmishing with the enemy. Commanding officer of the brigade wounded severely by a gunshot from the enemy. March 26.Marched nine miles, skirmishing with the enemy. March 27.Drove the enemy into their works and invested the place. March 31.Fifth day of the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala. April 1.Engaged before Spanish Fort, Mobile Bay, Ala., the sixth day of the siege; brigade on hard duty at siege operations until the enemy evacuated on the night of the 8th Page 128 128 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. April 9.Moved across Minette River and encamped near Blakely. April 13.Marched with Sixteenth Army Corps toward Greenville, Ala. April 21.Encamped at Greenville, 135 miles from Blakely. April 23.Marched toward Montgomery, Ala. April 25.Entered Montgomery and encamped three miles from the city. April 30.In camp near Montgomery, Ala. May 1.In camp at Montgomery since April 25. May 10.Moved aboard transports and started down the Alabama River. May 1l.l)isembarked at Selma, Ala., and encamped near the city. May 12.Relieved Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, and entered upon post and garrison daty. May 31.On duty at Selma, Ala. [June.]Nothing of importance has transpired in this brigade since May 31. It has been encamped near Selma, Ala., during the entire month of June doing post duty. June 28.Companies E and F, of the Seventh Minnesota Volunteers, were sent to Cahaba, Ala., to form a garrison there under the command of Capt. John Kennedy; on the same day Companies B and F, Thirty- fifth Iowa Volnuteers, were ordered to Randolph, Ala., under the com- mand of Capt. A. K. Snyder, where they now [June 30] remain. Second Division. February 1 to 8.The division remained in camp at Eastport, Miss. February 8.Embarked on transports and proceeded to New Orleans, La., arriving on the 20th, where it debarked on the 21st and remained in camp the remainder of the month. Distance traveled on the transports, 1,350 miles. March 6.The division commenced embarking on steamers for Dau- phin Island, where it arrived on the 10th and 11th, disembarking. March 19.Embarked and moved to Dannellys Mills, Ala., where it debarked on the 20th and intrenched. March 25.Moved to Deer Park and intrenched. March 26.Moved northward till opposite Spanish Fort, and being in advance skirmished with and di~ove the enemy throughout the day. March 27.The army advanced to the siege of Spanish Fort, leaving this division as rear guard for corps train, where they still [March 31] remain. April 3.This division remained on duty in rear of the besieging army at Spanish Fort, when it moved toward Blakely, and in connec- tion with forces under General Steele, invested the rebel fortifications at that place. For five consecutive days continued to advance by reg- nlar approaches. April 9.Charged the works at 5.30 p.m., capturing in a few moments the entire garrison with all munitions of war. During the siege and battle the casualties in the division were 47 killed and 150 wounded.* April 13.The command took up the line of march for Montgomery, Ala., where it arrived on the 25th. April 27.The division mar~hed through the town and encamped two miles north of the city, where it now [April 30] remains. * But see table, p. 113 Page 129 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 129 First Brigade, Second Division. February 8.The brigade, with the command, embarked and pro- ceeded down the Tennessee, Ohio, and Mississippi Rivers to this lace traveling a distance of near 1,500 miles and landing at this point p New Orleans, La. , on the 21st in stant, where the brigade now is. Up to the 11th instant the brigade was commanded by Col. David Moore, since which time it has been under control of its present commander [001. John 1. Ilinaker]. March 6.The brigade moved, in obedience to orders, on board transports, to Fort Gaines, on Dauphin Island, Ala., disembarking on the 10th. March 19.Embarked and moved up Mobile Bay and through Weeks Bay, up Fish River to Dannellys Mills wh threw 1p intrenchments. , ere we disembarked and March 25.The brigade with the rest of the army moved some eight miles northward and intrenched for the night. March 26.Moved seven miles and halted opposite Spanish Fort. March 27. The brigade with the rest of the Second Division formed as a rear guard for the army corps train, while the balance of the army advanced to the siege. In this position the First Brigade is now lying four miles east of Spanish Fort. No casualties. During the month the brigade has remained continually under the control of its present commander [Col. Johul. Rinaker]. Until April 3 the brigade continued on duty near Spanish Fort, Ala., doing picket duty for the rear of the besieging army. April 3.Moved fonr miles up the Mobile Bay, when, in connection with the forces under General Steele, we invested the rebel fortification at Blakely, Ala. For five consecutive days we continued to steadily advance our lines by regular approaches with but few casualties. April 9.We were ordered to move upon the enemys works~ which was done about 4 p. m. After a gallant charge, which lasted but a few moments, we, in connection with the rest of the army, succeeded in capturing the entire garrison with all their munitions of war. The casualties during the siege were 16 men killed and 54 wounded.* April 13.The command moved toward the north, arriving at Mont- gomery, Ala., on the 27th, where the brigade now is. During the entire month the brigade has been under control of the present commander [Col. John I. Ilinaker]. Distance marched during the month near 175 miles. During the month of May the First Brigade has remained continu- ously in camp near Montgomery, Ala., under control of its present commander [Col. John I. ]linakerJ. It is now [May 31] nnder orders to move. June 1.The brigade left Montgomery, Ala., with orders for Mobile. After marching a distance of near seventy miles to Providence, on the Alabama River, the troops were embarked on transports for the city of Mobile, at which place the last of the troops arrived on the 9th instant. The brigade has been in the city doing provost duty since that to the present time [June 30], and has remained under control of its present commander [Col. John I. Rinakerj. * But see table, p. 113. 9 H HVOL XLIX, PT Page 130 130 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Second Brigade, Second Division. February 8.The command broke camp at Eastport, Miss., and embarked on transports; moved down the Tennessee River on the morning of the 9th. February 11.Arrived at Cairo; distance, 200 miles. February 12.Moved down the Mississippi River and arrived at Yicksburg, Miss., on the 15th; distance, 600 miles. February 19.Left Yicksbnrg for New Orleans, La., and moved before daylight on the morning of the 20th, and arrived at Chalmette, La., on the 21st, where the command now lies in camp. Distance from Yicksbnrg 450 miles; whole distance traveled, 1,250 miles. March 6.This command moved from camp near New Orleans, La., and embarked on ocean steamers; was transported to Danphin Island, Ala., at the month of Mobile Bay, distance some 200 miles, where it arrived on the 8th instant and went into camp. March 19.Embarked on steamers andwas transported some twenty- five miles np Fish River to Dannellys Landing, near which it was again encamped on the 20th. March 26.Moved some eight miles on the Blakely road. March 27.Moved some eight miles to Sibleys Mills, this brigade holding the extreme advance, skirmishing all the way, at which place the command still [March 31] remains, holding the approaches to our army besieging Spanish Fort from the Blakely direction. Whole distance traveled dnring the month 241 miles. April 1 found this command at Sibleys Mills, Ala., guarding the approaches to the flank and rear of our army besieging Spanish Fort. April 2 it went out on a reconnaissance a few miles aild opened coin- munication with General Steeles army moving against the rebel works at Blakely. While out a torpedo was exploded directly under the bri- gade commander and staff, bnt caused no permanent injury excepting killing two horses. April 3.The command moved six miles to support General Steele at Blakely, and was assigned a part of the main line immediately on the left of his army, skirmishing with the enemy at once. The advance skirmish line, intrenched as it was, pnshed np nearer to the rebel works. This continued nntil April 9, dnring which time the skirmish line had been advanced some 500 yards. At 5.30 oclock this command took active part in the gallant and successful charge of the rebel works, carrying everything before them and capturing some eight pieces of artillery and 573 prisoners. April 10.This command was assigned to duty as garrison for Fort Blakely. April 12.Relieved to march with rest of the corps toward Mont- gomery. April 13.Marched eight miles. April 14.Marched eighteen miles. April 15.Marched ten miles. April 16.Marched seventeen miles. April 17.Marched eighteen miles. April 18.Marched twelve miles. April 19.Marched eighteen miles. April 20.Marched sixteen miles. April 21.Marched six miles. April 22.Marched seven miles to Greenville Page 131 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 131 April 23.Marched seventeen miles. April 24.Marched seventeen miPes. April 25.Marched seven miles. April 26.Lay in camp. April 27.Marched seven miles, passing through Montgomery and encamping two miles northeast of the city, where the command now [April 30] lies in camp. Whole distance traveled during the month 184 miles. Third Brigade, Second Division. February 9.In compliance with orders from division headquarters, brigade embarked on transports at Eastport, Miss. February 11.Arrived at Cairo, Ill. February 13.Arrived at Memphis, Tenn. February 15.Arrived at Vicksburg, Miss. Disembarked and re- mained in camp until 19th, when brigade embarked again and arrived at New Orleans, La., 21st, remaining in camp since that date. Distance traveled on transports during the month, 1,360 miles. [ifareh.]The brigade left camp at Chalmette, near New Orleans, La., and proceeded by water to Danphin Island, Ala., where the last regiment of the brigade arrived on March 11. Here the brigade remained in camp until the 19th instant, when it went on board boats and lay at anchor in the bay until the morning of the 20th instant, when we proceeded to Fish River; moved up the river a few miles and went into camp. i}Iarch 25.In the morning we again broke camp and moved in the direction of Blakely, Ala. Aliarch 27.Went into camp near Spanish Fort, Ala., where we now [March 31] are. April 1 to 3.Brigade in camp near Spanish Fort. April 3.Moved to the vicinity of Blakely Ala.; engaged in the siege at this place until 9th, when the brigade participated in the assault of the enemys works. April 13.Broke camp and started on the march for Montgomery, Ala., where we arrived on the 25th; distance, 174 miles. [May.]Brigade has been in camp near Montgomery, Ala., during the past month. ]Ifay 26.The Fiftieth Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry was con- solidated with the Fifty-second Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry in obedience to Special Field Orders, No. 437, extract XVIII, headquarters Army and Division of West Mississippi, Mobile, Ala., May 19, 1865. Five companies joined the Fifty-eighth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry in obedience to Special Orders, No. 78, headquarters Volunteer Recruiting Service, Springfield, Ill. Third Division. February 6.This division remained at Eastport, Miss., when, in accordance with orders, it embarked on transports Adam Jacobs, Kate Kinney, Isabella, White Cloud a the 7th. , nd McGill, and left that place on February 8.Arrived at Padncah Ky., and Cairo, Ill. February 11.Arrived at Memphis, Tenn. February 13.Arrived at Vicksburg, Miss., where we disembarked and went into camp four miles in rear of the city Page 132 132 KY., S. W. VA., TEM4., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. February 19.Division re-embarked on same transports. February 20.Left Yicksburg. February 21 and 22.Arrived at New Orleans; disembarked and went into camp on the old battle.fleld, six miles below the city, where it has remained np to date of this return. Detachment Army of the Tennessee changed to Sixteenth Army Corps per General Orders, No. 20, from headquarters Military Division of West Mississippi, of date February 18, 1865. April 1.Th front of Spanish Fort; remained here until the 8th, when the works were assaulted on the right by the Third Brigade at 5 p. in., holding the position gained until 12 midnight, when the division moved forward and occupied the whole works, capturing 540 prisoners, 46 pieces of artillery, and 700 stand of small-arms. April 9.Received orders to move; marched three miles; went into camp near Blakely; remained here until 13th, when orders were received to move; marched seven miles. April 14.Marched fifteen miles. April 15.Marched fourteen miles. April 1G.Marched eleven miles. April 17.Marched fourteen miles. April 18.Marched fourteen miles. April 19.Marched fourteen miles. April 20.Marched fifteen miles. April 21.Marched thirteen mile~ reached Greenville, Ala. April 22.Remained at Greenville all day. April 23.Marched sixteen miles. April 24.Marched seventeen miles. April 25.Marched eighteen miles; reached Montgomery, Ala., and went into camp three miles northeast of the city. April 30.Still in camp at Montgomery. May 1 to 31.In camp, First Brigade occupying Tuskegee, Union Springs, and Opelika, Ala., from May 23 to 31. [June.]First Brigade still encamped at Tuskegee, Ala. Second Bri- gade still encamped at Montgomery, Ala. Third Brigade still encamped at Montgomery, Ala. Colonel Geddes resigned; Col. Charles Turner commanding brigade. First Brigade, Third Division. February 7.Left Eastport on transports. February 8.Arrived at Cairo, Ill. February 11.Arrived at Memphis, Tenn. February 14.Arrived at Vicksbnrg, Miss. February 19.Left Yicksburg, Miss. February 21.Arriyed at Chalmette, La. 1llareh 15.Brigade organized by Special Orders, No. 19, headquar- ters Sixteenth Army Corps, Fort Gaines, Ala. March 18.Received orders to be in readiness to move; embarked upon transports for Cedar Point, Ala.; arrived and debarked the infantry. March 19.Repaired the pier at the landing to admit of the artillery horses being taken ashore; completed the debarkation of the brigade and moved forward in the direction of Fowl River; skirmished with the enemys cavalry until night-fall. March 20.Moved to Narrows, on Fowl River; skirmished with the enemy; drove them. This being as far as expedition was ordered to proceed, halted until 3 p. in.; moved back and encamped Page 133 TUE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 133 March 21.In camp at Alabama Point awaiting orders. March 22.Embarked for Fish River. March 23.Rejoined the division. March 24.In camp. March 25.Moved at 8 a m. encamped at Deer Park. March 26.Moved at 6.30 a in.; encamped within two miles and a half of Spanish Fort. March 27.Moved at 6.30 a. in., Third Division in advance formed line of battle at 8 a. m drove the enemy into his works and estab. lished our lines. March 28.At work upon approaches to the enemys works and com- pleting first parallel. March 29.Skirmishing lively with the enemy; employed upon ap. proaches, erecting batteries and second parallel. March 30.Actively employed in regular siege operations. March 31.Still sieging. April 1 to 8.Engaged in siege operations before Spanish Fort, Ala. Operations terminated here upon the night of the 8th by the capture of the fort by the Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, this brigade capturing 20 pieces of artillery, mortars, & c., and 130 prisoners. April 9.Marched from Spanish Fort at 1 p. in.; encamped near Blakely, Ala. April 10, 11, and 12.In camp near Blakely, Ala. April 13.Broke camp and marched in a northerly direction. April 21.Arrived at Greenville, Ala. April 22.In camp at Greenville, Ala. April 23.Marched at 1 p. m. April 24.Marched at 7 a. m. April 25.Marched at 6 a. in.; passed through Montgomery, Ala., at 11 a. m. in advance of the Sixteenth Army Corps and encamped three miles east of the city. In camp at this time [April 30]. May I to 23.In camp near Montgomery, Ala. May 23.In the morning marched the brigade toward Tuskegee, Ala. May 25.Arrived in the morning at Tuskegee. The Seventy.second Illinois, Lieutenant-Colonel Stockton, marched to and occupied Union Springs, Ala. The Ninety-fifth Illinois, Colonel Blanden, marched to and occupied Opelika, Ala. Engaged in keeping order and endeavor. ing to find Government property the balance of the month. [June.1The Thirty-third Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry and Forty- fourth Missouri Volunteer Infantry doing garrison duty at Tuskegee, Ala. The Ninety-fifth Illinois Volunteer Infantry doing garrison duty at Opelika, Ala. The Seventy-second Illinois Infantry doing garrison duty at Union Springs, Ala., during the month of June. Second Brigade, Third Division. February 6.This brigade remained at Eastport, Miss., when, in accordance with orders, it embarked on transports Isabella, Adam Jacobs, and McGill, and left that place on the 7th. February 8.Arrived at Paducah, Ky., and Cairo, Ill. February 11.Arrived at Memphis, Tenn. February 13.Arrived at Vicksburg, Miss., where brigade disem. barked and went into camp four miles in rear of the city. February 19.Brigade re-embarked on same transports. February 20.Left Vicksburg Page 134 134 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. February 21 and 22.Arrived at New Orleans, La.; disembarked and went into camp on the old battle-field six miles below the city, where it has remained up to the date of this return [February 281. The Forty-ninth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry was assigned to this brigade by Special Orders, No. 1, extract III, date February 23, 1865, from headquarters Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. Detachment Army of the Tennessee changed to Sixteenth Army Corps per General Orders, No. 20, from headquarters Military Division of West Mississippi. March 15.Organized per Special Orders, No. 15, headquarters Six- teenth Army Corps, Fort Gaines, Dauphin Island, Ala. March 19.Embarked on board transports for Fish River. March 21.Arrived and disembarked at Daniiellys Mills. March 22.Command engaged in fortifying our position. March 25.Took up line of march at 6 p. in.; arrived at Deer Park, Ala.; bivouacked for the night. March 26.Arrived at Sibleys Mills, Ala. March 27.invested the enemys works around Spanish Fort, Ala. April 1.Brigade engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala.; some few casualties occurred daily. April 8.Severe bombardment of the enemys works at Spanish Fort. An assault on the enemys works by a part of this division proved successful in a capture of a part of their line of works and the capture of upward of 200 prisoners, causing the enemy to evacuate. April 9.i a. m. Third Division took possession of Spanish Fort and its defenses, capturing a number of prisoners, arms, ammunition, & c. At 11 a. m. took up line of march for Blakely; went into camp three miles east of this place. April 11.Received orders to be ready to march the 12th with twenty days rations; orders countermanded same day, with instructions to be ready. April 13.Took up line of march; marched eight miles and went into camp. April 14.Resumed the march, destination Montgomery, Ala. April 21.Arrived at Greenville, Ala. April 22.Remained in camp to-day. April 23.Resumed the march to Montgomery. April 25.-Arrived at Montgomery, Ala., and went into camp. April 30.Camped at Pintlala Creek, near Montgomery, Ala. Third Brigade, Third Division. March 1.The brigade was organized by Special Orders, No. 60, headquarters Military Division of West Mississippi, under which Col. Charles Turner, One hundred and eighth Illinois Infantry, assumed command at Chalmette, La. March 12.The command embarked at Chalmette on board ocean steamer Guiding Star for Fort Gaines, Dauphin Island; was detained on the bar at the mouth of the Mississippi River until the 15th. March 15.Brigade was reorganized under command of Col. James L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa Infantry Veteran Volunteers, by Special Orders, No. 19, headquarters Sixteenth Army Corps. March 16.Arrived at Fort Gaines and disembarked. March 21.Left Dauphin Island on board transports and moved up to the east side of Mobile Bay, and up Fish River about seven miles from its mouth Page 135 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 135 March 22.Landed. March 25 and 26.Marched with the army in a northerly direction toward Blakely, Ala., about twenty-five miles. March 27.The army, with this command in advance, moved on Spanish Fort; met the enemy at Minette Bayou at 8.30 a. m. Left one regiment to hold them in check and moved on the fort about half a mile away; drove the enemy into their works at 9 a. in., and during the night threw up strong works in our front; have since been constantly engaged with the enemy and at work pushing forward our works. April 1.The command was actively engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala., and continued to push forward and perfect their approaches and works until the evening of the 8th, when the command assaulted and carried the enemys left, compelling him to evacuate all his works and leave in our possession forty-six pieces of cannon and a large quantity of small-arms, ammunition, stores, & c. The command cap- tured in the assault over 650 prisoners. April 9.Marched from Spanish Fort to near Blakely. April 13.Marched with the Sixteenth Army Corps for Mont- gomery, Ala. April 25.Arrived at Montgomery, and was detached from Third Division Sixteenth Army Corps, and ordered to duty as garrison and guard of the city of Montgomery, on which duty it now [April 30] remains. The command has been on duty as garrison and guard of the post of Montgomery during the whole of the past month [May], and are still on that duty. May 24.The command was reviewed by Brigadier-General Carr, commanding division. ilfay 27.it was again reviewed with the division by Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith, commanding Sixteenth Army Corps. Artillery Brigade. March 5.The brigade embarked at New Orleans, La. March 17.Arrived at iDauphin Island, Ala. March 24.Again embarked and arrived at landing on Fish River, Ala. March 25.Marched with Sixteenth Army Corps. March 27.Arrived in front of Spanish Fort, and have since been engaged in operations against that place. Forces operating from Pensacola Bay, Fla.* March 1.The command was organized and put in preparation for the field. March 20.The line of march was taken up from Pensacola on the Pollard road, and the army arrived near that place March 26. A detach- ment occupied the station, destroyed the railroad, and then the army moved toward Blakely, near which place it was on the last day of the month. A detachment of cavalry under Lieutenant-Colonel Spurling went to Milton and Evergreen, joining the main body near Pollard. The rail- road was destroyed by Spurling near Evergreen, two trains captured and 120 prisoners. Comman4ed by Maj. Gen. Frederick Steele Page 136 136 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. General Lucas met the enemy near Pollard, at Bluff Springs, under General Clanton; attacked them and utterly routed them, capturing 1 battle-flag and 120 prisoners, including General Clauton, who was mortally wounded.* On the last day of the month the army was at Stockton, on the Tensas River, en route to Biakely, with orders to invest that place. April 1.This command arrived in front of Blakely, the cavalry (then attached to the command, under Lieutenant-Colonel Spurling) going in advance. Four miles from Blakely Spurling encountered a force of about 100 rebels on picket and charged them, capturing a battle-flag and 73 prisoners. The enemy was driven into his works, and on the morning of the 2d the investment of the place commenced. April 3.Veatchs (First) division, Thirteenth Corps, was added to the force investing Blakely. April 4.General Steeles column was further increased by the addi- tion of Garrards (Second) division, Sixteenth Corps, which made the investment complete. Regular approaches were made, and on the morning of the 9th, when the capture of Spanish Fort was announced, the lines were about 000 yards from the enemys works. An assault was ordered to be made at 5 p. in., which was done in fine style, the entire line being captured in about thirty minutes. The results of the assault were, in brief, the capture of 39 guns and 3,300 prisoners. April 10.Veatchs and Garrards divisions returned to their respec. tive commands. April 20.This column embarked on transports for an expedition up the Alabama River, and arrived at Montgomery May 1 without any incident of importance. First Division, U. S. Colored Troops. April 1.The division left Stockton, Ala., and arrived in front of Blakely, Ala., same evening. April 2, a. in.Advanced and drove the enemy inside their works, and assisted by Andrews division laid siege to the place. April 9.Assaulted the enemys works and carried his line in our front. April 20.Left Blakely and proceeded up the Alabama River to Montgomery, Ala., arriving at that place on the 30th instant. June 11.The division left Mobile, Ala., and proceeded by transports to New Orleans, La. June 23.The command embarked for Alexandria, La., where it arrived on the 30th instant. First Brigade, First Division, U. S. Colored Troops. June 11.The brigade embarked on steamer White Cloud No. 2 at Mobile, Ala. June 12.Arrived at ilickox Landing, on Lake Pontchartrain; went into camp at Carroliton. June 26.Embarked on United States transports and proceeded up the Mississippi and Red Rivers to Alexandria. June 29.Arrived there and went into camp on the opposite side of the river at Pineville. ~Genera1 Clanton survived his wonud Page 137 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 137 Third Brigade, First Division, U. S. Colored Troops. June 11.The brigade left Mobile, Ala., by steamer for New Orleans, La., at which place it arrived on the 12th; moved to and encamped at Greenville, La., same day. June 25.Left Greenville by transports for Alexandria, La., where it arrived on the 28th; encamped opposite the city at Pineville, La., where it still [June 30] remains. Separate Cavalry Brigade. ]Jliareh 4 to 19.Was occnpied in transporting this brigade from Car- rollton to Barrancas, where, in obedience to orders from headquarters Military Divisi9n of West MissiLsippi, the Separate Cavalry Brigade was constituted a part of Major-Ge~eral Steeles command. March 20.Received marching orders and proceeded to Pensacola, from whence moved on the following day in advance of the army in the direction of Pollard, Ala. Our progress for the first week through the country was slow, in consequence of the almost impassable condition of the roads. March 25.We met and defeated a brigade of Alabama mounted troops, under command of Brigadier-General Clanton. The result of our victory was the capture of 118 prisoners, officers and men, includ- ing Brigadier-General Clanton, who was severely wounded, 1 battle- flag, horses, arms, & c., and the complete disorganization of the brigade opposed to us. Onr loss was 1 officer and 2 men killed, and 1 officer and 2 men severely wounded, all from First Louisiana Cavalry. Reached the Escambia River the same day. The day following destroyed part of the bridge of the Mobile and Great Northern Railroad over the Escambia River, and a portion of the railroad track. Reached Pollard the same day. March 27.Left the Escambia, and taking up our line of march west- ward, reached Weatherfords plantation, four miles from head of Per~ dido River, March 31. Our animals are suffering for want of forage. April 1.Arrived at Blakely; found a force of rebel infantry outside the place, which my advance charged, capturing 75 prisoners and 1 battle-flag. Drove the enemy inside his works, where he opened fire with artillery. Encamped for the night two miles from the place. April 2.Assisted in the investment of Blakely, holding position on extreme right and left. Withdrew my troops and encamped between Spanish Fort and Blakely. Lost several horses and men by torpedoes in the road. Remained in this position until the 9th, scouting and guarding communications in the rear, when, in accordance with orders, moved in the direction of Claiborne. April 11.When ten miles from Claiborne met the Fifteenth Confed- erate Cavalry (regulars;) threw the First Louisiana Cavalry into line of battle, charged them after a short fight, broke their line, and completely dispersed them. Captured 2 officers, 70 men, 2 battle-flags, arms, & c. Our loss was slight. Occupied Claiborne same night. Remained there until the 15th instant, when we marched in the direction of Blakely. Reaching Stockton~ received orders to march to Greenville. Received supplies at Stockton and marched same day in compliance with orders. April 25.Reached Greenville; received orders to proceed toEnfaula. Sent our train from Greenville to Montgomery. April 27.Marched toward Eufaula Page 138 138 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. April 30.Reached Union Springs. Found in the place rebel wagon train, which was taken possession of by me [andi held to await the dis- position of Major-General Smith, commanding at Montgomery. My command has been for the past two months almost continually on the march. This, with the short supply of forage we at times were able to obtain, has greatly reduced the condition of my animals. No. 5. Report of Bvt. ]JIaj. Miles D. IlilieAlester, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Chief Engineer. OFFICE OF CHIEF ENGINEER, ARMY AND DIVISIoN OF WEST Mississnwi, New Orleans, June 1, 1866. COLONEL: The maps and plans herewith furnished for the informa- tion of the major-general commanding indicate in sufficient detail, per. haps, the engineer operations in the late campaign of the Army of West Mississippi in Southern Alabama. The principal of these took place before Spanish Fort. Those before Blakely had been barely initiated when the place fell by assault. Formal siege operations not having been ordered or contemplated at Spanish Fort, the attention of engineer officers was exclusively directed to the location and construction of bat. teries for thereception of the field gnns with the troops and the siege guns as rapidly as they could be delivered on the grounds, and the construc- tion of such trenches as were needed simply to communicate with the batteries. On the 30th of March, however, by special authority of the major- general commanding, I directed the advanced rifle-trenches and pits to l~e connected and widened to six feet, together with a sufficient number of approaches thereto, for the convenience of troops posted to resist sorties of the garrison. These were completed by the 4th of April. Subsequently this advanced parallel trench became a second parallel by the uniting and widening in like manner the rifle-trenches and breast-works constructed on the advance crest of the ravines first occu- pied, forming, for some purposes, a first parallel. The investment of Spanish Fort by land took place on the 27th of March. On the 29th of March I located a battery of eight 30-pounder Parrotts on the southeast shore of Minette Bay, against Batteries Huger and Tracy and the rebel gun-boats, all of which enfiladed the ravine occupied by our right and the Spanish Fort communications by Blakely River. This battery accomplished all its proposed objects quite satisfactorily at ranges varying from 2,400 to 3,300 yards. Fire was opened from this battery on the 31st of March, as also from eighteen siege guns, including six 20-pounder rifles and eight mortars and forty-one field guns, all in position on that date, against Spanish Fort itself. INo enfilading bat- teries yet complete. On the 4th of April there were in position against Spanish Fort thirty- eight siege guns, including six 20-pounder rifles and sixteen mortars and thirty-seven field guns, all of which, with the Minette Bay battery against Batteries Huger and Tracy, opened fire at 5p. m. and continued till 7 p. m. The enfilading batteries not quite ready. On the 8th of April there were in position against Spanish Fort fifty- three siege guns, including nine 20-pounder rifles and sixteen mortar Page 139 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 139 and thirty-seven field guias. Ten siege rifles and five siege howitzers on our left center enfiladed the enemys center and left, and four siege howitzers close in, near onr extreme right, enfiladed the enemy~s center. The Bay Minette battery bearing on Batteries Huger and Tracy con- tained on this date four 30-poundei and two 100-pounder rifles. The final bombardment from all these guns opened at 5.30 p. m. and con- tinued till 7.30 p. m. During the bombardment a lodgment was effected within the enemys line on his extreme left. At about midnight the entire fort was in our possession. Spanish Fort line had a development of two miles and an armament of about forty guns, seven of which were Coehorn mortars, two were 8-inch colnmbiads, four were heavy Brooke rifles, and the remainder siege and field guns. The development of the enemys ~Blakely line was two miles and a half; and the armament between forty and fifty guns, principally field guns and howitzers. The land investment of Blakely was completed on the 5th of April. On the 6th, in order to obtain command of the enemys water communica- tions with Mobile from Blakely, as well as Spanish Fort and Batteries Huger and Tracy, the navy having failed in this, I established a bat- tery for two 100-pounder Parrott rifles on the spur immediately north of the head of Bay Minette. On the 9th of April the 100-pounders not having arrived, four 30- pounder Parrott rifles were placed in this battery and opened fire on the rebel landing at Blakely and the rebel transports moving in Tensas River. On that day there were in position against Blakely twenty- four field guns, and against the rebel gun-boats, which were stationed so as to enfilade our right, at a point just above Blakely, four 30-pounder rifles. Early in the morning I asked for twenty-eight siege guns and sixteen siege mortars, and took immediate steps to place them in posi- tion against Blakely. At 5.30 p. m. the place was assaulted successfully. On the 10th of April batteries were begun on the shores of Bay Minette 800 yards north of Bayou Minette for two 100-pounder and eight 30- pounder Parrott rifles against Batteries Huger and Tracy, which were still occupied. On the afternoon of the 11th the 30-pounders opened fire, together with the battery built on the southeast shore of Bay Minette in con- nection with operations against Spanish Fort, on Batteries Huger and Tracy. At night of the same day the latter were evacuated. I desire to refer particularly to the services of Bvt. Maj. J. C. Palfrey, chief engineer, Thirteenth Army Corps, and Bvt. Capt. C. J. Allen, Corps of Engineers, acting chief engineer, Sixteenth Army Corps, in front of Spanish Fort. The gallantry and professional skill displayed by them in conducting engineering operations on their respective fronts, and their energy and faithfulness in carrying out orders and instructions are worthy of unreserved commendation and substantial recognition. Chief engineers and acting engineers of corps and divis- ions did valuable service throughout the campaign. Captain Patton, of the inspector-generals department, volunteered his services to con- struct several batteries in front of Spanish Fort and on Bay Minette, and they were well appreciated. Very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, N. D. MOALESTEIR, Brevet Major and Chief Engineer. Lieut. Col. C. T. CHRISTBNsEN, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 140 140 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 6. Report of Brig. Gen. Jos~ph Bailey, U. ~3. Army, commanding Engineer Brigade. HEADQUARTERS ENGINEER BRIGADE, ARMY AND DIVISION OF WEST Mississippi, Miobile, Ala., April 28, 1865. MAJOR: I beg leave to submit the following report: I assumed command of the Engineer Brigade, Army and Division of West Mississippi, consisting of the Ninety-sixth U. S. Colored Infan- try, Col. J. C. Cobb; Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, Col. George D. Robinson, and First Company of Pontoniers, Capt. J. J. Smith, on March 16, at Navy Cove, Ala. I found the pontoon bridge in good con- dition and nearly complete in equipments; mules only were lacking. The command left Navy Cove March 26, landing at Starkes Landing, Ala., at which place it was thenceforward stationed until the capitula- tion of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely. Starkes Landing was made the base of the army. All supplies were landed there, and all ship- ments of sick and wounded and of prisoners of war made from there, and it was made the business of the command to facilitate in every possible way the landing of supplies, & c., and their transmission to the army. The One hundred and sixty-first New York Regiment, Major Craig; 200 men from the Twenty-third Iowa, Captain ; 200 from the Ninety-fourth Illinois, Captain Howell, and various other detach- ments of infantry and cavalry were added to the command upon land- ing, with which the post was guarded and kept patrolled. Until wharves could be built the bridges were used as such, and proved indispensable, but six wharves from 300 to 500 feet in length were con- structed in five days time, aild an other repaired for the use of the sick and wounded. Besides this all supplies, ordnance, commissary, quar- termasters, & c., were handled, moved, and mostly loaded upon wagons by the command. The roads from this point to the headquarters of the army were kept in repair by the brigade, and various othe~r duties were performed inci- dental to such a command. No troops during this war have labored more severely or arduously, but those to whom most credit is due are the Ninety-sixth and Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Engineer Regiments. Night and day without complaint those regiments worked, and it is dif- ficult to comprehend how they endured through it. The regiments mani- fest very great care and ability in their organization and discipline. The officers of both, with two exceptions, now out of service, labored assiduously. Of none of them can I do other than speak in the highest terms. The One hundred and sixty-first New York Regiment deserves especial mention for its energy and laborious exertions. I have to com- mend highly the organization known as the First Company of Ponto- niers, Captain Smith commanding. Under Captain Smith and his officers, all of whom are thorough in their duties, the bridges are better handled and more quickly than I deem a regiment can do it. To the officers of my staff, but to my aide-de-camp particularly, First Lient. Washington Hill, Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry, I was indebted for a great deal of valuable and indispensable assistance. I am, major, most respectfully, your obedient servant, J. BAILEY, Brigadier- General, Commanding Brigade. Bvt. Maj. M. D. MOALEsTER, Chief Engineer, Army and Division of West Mississippi Page 141 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 141 No. 7. Report of Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger, U. S. Army, commanding Thir teenth Army Corps, of operations ]Ifarch 17April 12. HEADQUARTERS THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS ]Iiliobile, Ala., April 24, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to forward the following report of oper- ations during the interval from the 17th of March last to the 12th of the present month, inclusive: Under orders from headqnarters Army and Division of West Missis- sippi to move my command to Dannellys Mills, on Fish River, the camps of the First Division, on Dauphin Island, and of the Third Division and First Brigade of the Second, on Mobile Point, were broken up March 17, the Third Division, Brigadier-general Benton command- ing, and First Brigade of the Second, Colonel Bertram, marching on that day from Navy Cove, the First Division, Brigadier-General Veatch, crossing on the same day in transports from Fort Gaines, and marching from Navy Cove on the next. The command moved by the Fort Morgan and Blakely telegraph road, with ten days subsistence, five days forage, and 100 rounds of ammunition per man, four days subsistence and fifty rounds of ammunition on the persons of the men, and with a train of 321 regimental, battery, and general supply wagons. Fousts battery of four guns, Company F, First Missouri Light Artil- lery, by special assignment, moved with Colonel Bertrams brigade, making, with the batteries of First and Third Divisions, five batteries in all with the column. The march was exceedingly difficult, the roads from Portage Creek to within a mile or two of the East Fork of Fish River being of the worst possible descriptionthe heavy rains of the 20th and 21st converting the country into a boggy swamp, over which it was not possible to move wagons and artillery but by the most per- severing efforts of all officers and men combined. Too much credit can- not be given these for their labors. Dannellys Mills were reached by the brigade & f Colonel Bertram, in advance, on the 22d, General Bentons division arriving and going into camp on the 23d, and General Veatchs division on the 24th, with all wagon trains and artillery in park, the command, except one brigade, crossing the river and camping upon its north side, the right resting upon it and in rear of the Sixteenth Army Corps. As the supply train of General Veatchs division was approaching Dannellys Mills on the 24th the advance wagons were struck by a small party of guerrillas, the rear guard (a brigade) being at the time workiug the main body of the train over a bad piece of road. No wagons or stores were destroyed or injured. Right teamsters and 14 animals, however, were captured. (hi the 245th the First and Third Divisions marched to Deer Park, dis- tant eight miles, the Sixteenth Army Corps marching in advance, Ber- trams brigade moving on the left by the bay road to Rock Creek. On the 20th these two divisions moved as a separate column toward Spanish Fort, bridging and crossing the two forks of DOlives Creek, and strik- ing the skirmish line of the enemy thrown out from the fort about noon. Somewhat later in the day junction was made on the left with Bertrams brigade, which had moved up from~Rock Creek by the bay road. On the road connecting with this brigade torpedoes had been planted by the enemy, from the explosion of which some slight casualties occurred. With trifling loss the skirmish line was placed within one mile of the enemys works. Early on the 27th the Sixteenth Army Corps moved i Page 142 142 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & 0. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. on the right by the road leading from Origen Sibleys, and a general advance was ordered. My front was the division of Brigadier-General Veatch in center, General Bentons division on the right, connecting with the command of Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith, and Colonel Bertrams brigade on the left, swinging aronnd to rest on the Blakely River, with a donble line of battle formation and a strong advanced skirmish line. In advancing the main line was halted in the edge of the woods, up to which and for 1,000 yards in his front the enemy had felled all standing timber, and the skirmish line thrown forward under cover of the fallen trees until 500 yards from the works. Fort Alexis was the work of the enemy in my left front, the middle bastion being opposite my center, and the Red Fort on my right, from which and from the rifle-pits were kept np against my lines a well-directed fire of musketry and artillery, with a loss to my command of seventy-seven killed and wonnded that day. During the night and next day batteries were thrown up and lines of approaches established, the enemy opening some small mortars and sustaining his musketry and artillery fire. On the 30th Brigadier- General Veatchs division was withdrawn and ordered with supplies to Major-General Steele, its place in the line being supplied by Colonel Marshalls brigade, of MeArthurs division, Sixteenth Army Corps, which being afterward returned to its command, the gap in the line was filled by extending General Bentons left. In this front and on Colonel Bertrams left mortar batteries were established, two 8-inch mortars in each battery, and in the work thrown np by Seventh Massachnsetts Battery, on my right center, were placed four 8-inch howitzers. These mortars and howitzers were part of siege train belonging to First Indi- ana Heavy Artillery, and from the positions taken were served with effect. The howitzers were, however, with drawn, the parapet of bat- tery being too thin to withstand the heavy fire they provoked. On the 2d Macks battery (Eighteenth New York Artillery), of six 20-pounder Parrotts, was assigned position in advance of the line of batteries on my left center 700 yards from the enemys works. Fousts battery (F, First Missouri Light Artillery), which had done excellent service on Colonel Bertrams right, was withdrawn, being out of ammunition, and four guns from the Seventh Massachusetts Battery put in its place. Batteries for four 10-inch mortars, in charge of detachments of Sixth Michigan Heavy Artillery, and for the four 8-inch howitzers, were placed in the left and center of Colonel Bertrams front on the line of rifle-pits for the reserve of the skirmish line, and for two 30-pounder Par- rotts, in the line pf batteries on my right center, to the left of the bat. tery first occupied by the Seventh Massachusetts Light Artillery. Four guns of the Fourth Massachusetts Artillery replaced in the Seventh Massachusetts Battery the guns which had been put into Fousts bat- tery, the balance of the Fourth Massachusetts being withdrawn to camp. On the 4th all these batteries, with the 8-ineji mortars and light guns of Bentons division, Twenty-first and Twenty-sixth New York Artillery, opened fire, continuing a bombardment, under the orders of the major-general commanding, from 5 oclock to 7p. in., at the rate of three minutes interval for each gun, and during the night at thirty minutes interval, the enemy not replying except from his water battery. On the 5th, in honor of national victories, 100 shotted guns were fired along the line. On the 6th the two 8-inch mortars in the front, origi- nally occupied by Veatch, were withdrawn and placed on the right of the line, to the left of the light batteries of Bentons division, and on the next day five 8-inch howitzers, manned by the artillerists of Fousts battery, with two 30-pounder Parrotts of First Indiana Heavy Arti Page 143 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 143 lery, were put in position in a ten-gun battery 200 yards in advance of the line of batteries on my right. The two 8-inch mortars on Bertrams line were removed to a position in advance of the light batteries on my right center, and placed in battery 500 yards from the enemys works. On the 8th, by order of the major-general commanding, all batteries and light batteries on my line opened fire at 5.30 p. in., continuing it for one hour, under cover of which the left of the enemys line was carried by the troops of Major-General Smith by assault. During the night the enemy evacuated his position, withdrawing by his left and escaping across the marsh to transports in the vicinity of Batteries Tracy and Huger, abandoning all his artillery, ordnance stores, and supplies. In these operations 6 45 allel and 4,050 yards of sap were 0 yards in length of par- constructed by the troops of my com- mand, my approaches at the time of the evacuation being at an average distance along the entire line of 250 yards from the forts in my front. Colonel Bertrams brigade was placed in charge of the captured works. On the 9th General Bentons division moved to Blakely, where upon the same day the lines of the enemy were carried handsomely by assault, Major-General Steele commanding the forces. Two brigades of the Second Division, Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews, and the Second Brigade, of Veatchs division, made part of the assaulting column. Of the splendid behavior of the troops I was a witness. On the 10th my command was held in readiness to march, with five days rations, and on the 11th at sunset the First and Third Divisions were ordered to Starkes Landing, on the east shore of Mobile Bay, thence to embark on transports and land below the city of Mobile, on the west shore. This landing was effected without opposition at 10.30 a. m. on the 12th, St~irkes Landing having been reached at 2 oclock that morning, and the troops embarked on transports before daylight. The command landed at Catfish Point, five miles below Mobile, toward which they at once marched. At noon of that day the city was sur- rendered by the mayor to the land and naval forces of the United States, having been evacuated by the military forces of the enemy the night previous. Copies of the correspondence relating to the surrender are inclosed. My headquarters were the same day established in Mobile and measures taken, under the efficient management of Brig. Gen. George L. Andrews, provost-marshal-general of the army, to restore quiet and order to the city.. On the 13th General Bentons division was moved to Whistler, on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, and General Veatchs division assigned to the outer works and as garrison to the city. The occupation of Mobile concludes the operations which I have the honor to report. By the capture of this city 150 cannon, many stand of small-arms, an abundance of quartermaster~s, commissary, and ord- nance stores, with over 20,000 bales of cotton and 25,000 barrels of resin and turpentine and several steam vessels and sailing craft, fell into our hands. The specific reports of captures, including prisoners, herewith forwarded are respectfully referred to. During the operations the casualties in my command, not including Second and Third Bri- gades of Second Division, were 43 killed and 282 wounded. I have the honor to forward the official reports of Brigadier-General Veatch, of First Division; Brigadier-General Benton, of Third Divis- ion, and Colonel Bertram, of First Brigade, of Second Division, respect- fully referring to such reports for cases of special mention claiming the attention of the commanding general. I have the honor to forward also the official report of the Second and Third Brigades of the Secon Page 144 144 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Division, which troops were detached from my command and marched from Pensacola with the forces of Major-General Steele. To him, there- fore, I must leave the recognition of their services. Their gallantry and that of Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews, commanding, was conspicuous in the assault at Blakely. The official reports of Lieutenant-Colonel Palfrey, chief engineer, and Captaiu Williamson ordnance officer, are also forwarded and respectfully referred to. The service is indebted to Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch, Brig. Gen. William P. Benton, and Col. Henry Bertram for whatever may be worthy of commendation in the conduct of their troops in the march and on the field. Deserving as these officers are, no higher praise than this could, in my judgment, be awarded them. To the officers and men, to name whom would be to name my entire command, the greatest acknowledgments are due. Continually on the march, in the trenches or upon fatigue, from the time of leaving Navy Cove to the taking of Mobile, they have deserved by their services every honor and reward that is to be attached to duty well and faithfully done. To the members of my staffLieutenant- Colonel Palfrey, assistant inspector-general and engineer; Lieutenant- Colonel Shipley, chief quartermaster; Major Emery, assistant adju- tant-general; Surgeon White, medical director; Captain Fox, chief of artillery; Captain Williamson, ordnance officer; Captain Cobb, chief commissary, and Major Avery and Captain Sargent, my aides-dc-camp I am under great obligations. Their services, which unless mentioned in this place will remain without acknowledgment, deserve thus much at my hands. I have tb.e honor to be, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GORDON GRANGER, Major- General, Commanding. Lient. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Assistant Adjutant- General. [Inclosure No. 1.] HEADQUARTERS LAND AND NAVAL U. S. FORCES, Near Mobile, Ala., April 12, 1865. Mayor SLOUGH, Mobile, Ala.: SIR: Your city is menaced by a large land and naval force. We deem it proper to demand its immediate and unconditional surrender. Very respectfully, your obedient servants, G. GRANGER, Malor- General, U. S. Volunteers. H. K. THATCHER, Acting Rear-Admiral, U. S. Navy. [Inclosure No. 2.] MAYORS OFFICE, CITY OF MOBILE, April 12, 1865. Maj. Gen. GORDON GRANGER, Commanding Thirteenth Army Corps, and Acting Rear-Admiral H. K. THATCHER, Commanding West Gulf Squadron: GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your communication at the hands of Lient. Col. R. G. Laughlin, staff of Major-General Granger, commanding Thirteenth Army Corps, and Licut. Commander S. R. Franklin, IT. S. Navy, staff of Admira Page 145 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 10 U UVOL XLIX, PT I 145 C,) I C 530 0 Wa z ~ e~ 7;. ~ H -I 00 0 -u s Page 146 146 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Thatcher, demanding the immediate and unconditional surrender of this city. The city has been evacaated by the military authorities, and its municipal authority is now under my control. Your demand has been granted, and I trust, gentlemen, for the sake of humanity, all the safeguards which you can throw around our people will be secured to them. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, H. H. SLOUGH, Mayor of the City of Mobile. No. 8. Reports of Lient. Cot. John C. Paifrey, Assistant Inspector- General and Chief Engineer, of operations March 25April 9. HEADQUARTERS THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to make the following report of operations before Spanish Fort, Ala.: The Thirteenth Army Corps met the pickets of the enemy at noon of the 25th [26th] ultimo and went into camp, suffering in extending its lines from torpedoes placed in the roads and approaches to bridge over DOlives Creek. On the morning of the 26th [27th] a general advance of the army was made. The enemys line was found to consist essen- tially of three bastions, one on the south and two on the north of a deep ravine running down to the water battery in a strong re-entering. These were connected by a continuous line of parapets thrown back on the south on Blakely River, and on the north on Minette Bay. Our line was established as near the enemys works as the ground afforded cover. These lines were immediately protected irregularly by the troops and parapets thrown up for the field batteries. On the 30th orders were received from the chief engineer, Military Division of West Mississippi, to rectify and correct these trenches and widen them all to six feet. The want of tools delayed the execution of these. At the same time batteries were begun for siege guns, concentrating their fire on the south bastion and its approaches and defenses, as this was sup- posed to be the most assailable point iu front of the corps. On the 31st the siege guns to be put in position by the Thirteenth Corps were enumerated by the chief engineer, with orders that twelve large rule guns should be placed to give reverse and enfilade fire on the left of the enemys line before the Sixteenth Corps. The same day Captain Van Lien and Captain Morton, of the Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, were assigned to duty with the corps as assistant engineers. The Seventh Vermont and Thirty-fifth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry were assigned to duty on siege works. They were divided into four reliefs, which worked eight hours each in succession. The two officers above named and Capt. H. G. Palfrey, Ninety-eighth U. S. Colored Infantry, with the engineer of the division in whose front the works lay, formed a roster, one being on duty with each detail in succession. On April 2 tools and 1,500 sand-bags were furnished by the chief engi- neer. Every night the trenches were advanced and widened during the day, generally without artillery fire from the enemy or much opposition from rifles. The enemy advanced counter approaches connected with the south bastion and detached rifle-pits, the former of which were occu- pied obstinately through the day. Heavy guns from the water batter Page 147 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 147 were very annoying, and could only be reached from one or two posi- tions. Batteries Kos. 6 and 8 were designed to silence these. A right branch was added to No. 8 to use the guns of the battery in reverse and enfilade against the enemys north bastion, as ordered on the 31st. Batteries 11 and 12 were added with the same view, and to sweep the side of the deep ravine running to the water battery and flanking approaches to south and middle bastions. On the 31st [30th] of March the First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, received orders to march without its batteries, and its place in line was temporarily supplied by the Third Brigade, First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, Colonel Marshall, Seventh Minnesota Volun- teers, commanding, and afterward by an extension of the left of the Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, to connect with the right of the First Brigade, Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, which made this part of the line quite weak. On the afternoon of the 4th instant all our guns in position opened for two hours before sunset, after which there was little artillery fire from the enemys work except from mortars, both 8-inch siege and Coehorn. At sunset of the 8th instant a similar cannonade broke out and the usual picket-firing con- tinued until about 11 p. in., when it was discovered that the place was evacuated. On the 6th the mortars from No.2 were moved into No.13 to silence a mortar in middle bastion, shelling working parties in No.8 severely. It promptly effected the desired object. The mortars from No.2 were moved into No.11. Those from No.7 were to be placed in No. 12, and were moving on the night of the 8th. The batteries were con- structed as follows: Nos. 2 and 5 were begun on 31st and finished on 2d instant; No. 1 was begun on 1st and finished on 4th instant; No. 6 was begun on 2d and finished on 3d instant; No. 8 was begun on 2d and finished on 5th instant; right branch, No.8, was begun on 4th and finished on 6th instant; right branch, No. 4, was begun on 4th and finished on 5th instant; Nos. 11 and 13 were begun on 6th and finished on 7th instant. No. 12 was begun on 7th and finished on 8th instant. The total length of trench, exclusive of batteries, constructed in front of the Third Division, Brigadier-General Benton commanding, after occupying line of First Division, Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch com- manding, was: Length of first parallel, 2,050 yards; average distance of parallel from work, 800 yards; second parallel (discontinuous), 2,200 yards; average distance of second parallel, 450 yards. Total length of saps, 1,650 yards. Distance of head of sap to fort, 300 yards; dis- tance of head of sap to enemys rifle-pits, 250 yards. In front of First Brigade, Second Division, Col. Henry Bertram, Twentieth Wisconsin Volunteers, commanding: Length of first parallel, 1,000 yards; aver- age distance of first parallel from works, 1,250 yards; second parallel, 600 yards; average distance of second parallel, 750 yards; third parallel, 600 yards; average distance of third parallel, 550 yards; total length of saps, 2,400 yards; distance head of sap to fort, 237 yards; distance head of sap to enemys rifle-pits, 100 yards. On examination the south bastion proved to be a lunette of strong profile, a command of some twenty-five feet over road and ridge approaching it, a regular covered way with embrasures and artillery, a carefully constructed abatis and chevaux-de-frise, and many torpe- does made with 12-pound shell. The narrow ridge along which the road ran, and which one sap was following, was found to be good ground and otherwise unobstructed. With the exception of the water battery which from its position was unassailable, this south bastion was decid- edly the strongest and most carefully fortified part of the work. Th Page 148 148 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. 0 a ~ ~ ~0 - -o0~~ ~ ~ g ~ 4 Page 149 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 149 want of system in procuring, issuing, and accounting for siege tools and materials was very observable. The want of a sufficient number of trained and experienced assistant engineers made the labor of those detailed severe, and retarded the work; while the want of any sapper troops as usual was severely felt and highly injurious to the army. The assistant engineers, Capt. II. G. Paifrey, Ninety-eighth U. S. Col- ored Infantry; Captain Morton, Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry; Captain Fan Lien Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry; Capt. A.Can- non, assistant engineer, Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, and Lieut. A. Stanber, First Missouri Artillery, acting assistant engineer, First Brigade, Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, were zealous and energetic in their arduous duties, and deserve credit for overcoming the difficulties of their position. Lieut. Col. IR. U. Laughlin, Ninety- fourth Illinois Infantry, had charge of the trenches in front of the First Brigade, Second Division, and conducted the operations of that impor- tant position with much skill and energy. The officers of the Seventh Yermont Volunteers were zealous and interested in their work and their regiment, and the Thirty-fifth Wisconsin Volunteers were much more efficient after becoming somewhat familiar with their routine and duties. The inclosed sketch gives appropriate positions of batteries with our works and the enemy~~, from a hasty survey by assistant engi- neers of divisions. Respectfully submitted. JOHN C. PALFREY, Lient. Col. and Asst. Insjp. Gen., 13th Army Corps, Chief Engineer. Maj. F. W. EivrEi~y, Assistant Adjutant-General, Thirteenth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to make the following report of the oper- ations before Blakely, Ala., in which the Thirteenth Army Corps was engaged: On the 31st [30th] ultimo the First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, was ordered to leave the line before Spanish Fort without its batteries. On the 3d of April it took position before the enemys works at Blakely on the left of the center, between the Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, on the right, and the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, on the left. Irregular parallels and approaches were immediately begun under direction of Capt. W. J. Edwards, assistant engineer of the division, and gabions made. This was continued till the fall of the work. On the evening of the 7th instant a battery for two guns was begun at a distance of 700 yards, which was finished on the 8th instant and the guns brought in. A second battery was begun on the 9th instant, but was discontinued when the attack was determined on. The assault was ordered at 5.30 p. m. on the 9th of April. The First Division advanced with the Eighth Illinois Infantry as skirmishers, supported l~y the Eleventh and Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, under command of Brigadier-General Dennis. The second line was formed by the Third Brigade, Lieutenant-Colonel Kinsey, One hundred and sixty-first New York Infantry, commanding. The Eighth Illinois Infantry advanced over a distance of some 600 yards of rough and obstructed ground, drove in the enemys skirmishers, forced in their line from the works, were immediately supported by the other troops, and the portion in front of them was immediately carried Page 150 150 KY., S. W VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. The Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, Brig. Gen. W. P. Benton commanding, arrived from Spanish Fort about 5 p. in., and at once formed behind the division of U. S. colored infantry troops, Brigadier- General Hawkins commanding, as a reserve, but no necessity arose to bring them into action. Respectfully submitted. JOHN C. PALFREY, Lieut. Col. and Asst. Insjp. Gen., 13th Army Corps, Chief Engineer. Maj. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant- General, Thirteenth Army Corps. No. 9. Reports of Capt. John J. Williamson, One hundred and twenty-eighth New York Infantry, Chief of Ordnance. ORDNANCE OFFICE, HDQRS. THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, In the Field, near spanish Fort, Ala., April 12, 1865. MAJOR: In compliance with orders received I have the honor to report the amount of ordnance and principal ordnance stores found in Spanish Fort, Ala., npon its occupation by the U. S. forces April 9, 1865, viz: FIELD ARTILLERY. 6-pounder field guns, bronze, smooth-bore 9 6-pounder field guns, iron, smooth-bore 2 6-pounder field guns, bronze, rifi~d 2 6-pounder field gun, iron, rifled 1 12-pounder light guns, bronze, smooth-bore 4 12-pounder mountain howitzers, bronze, smooth-bore 2 Total number of pieces 20 SIEGE, GARRISON, AND SEA-COAST ARTILLERY. 20-pounder rifled guns, Parrott pattern 2 30-pounder rifled gun, Parrott pattern 1 24-pounder boat howitzers, bronze, smooth-bore 2 24-pounder siege howitzer, iron, smooth-bore 1 24-pounder Coehorn mortars, iron, smooth-bore 14 8-inch siege mortar, iron, old pattern 1 6k-inch Brooke, rifled, iron 8-inch columbiad, iron , C. S. Army 1 8-inch columbiad, iron, C. S. Army, disabled 1 Total number of pieces 27 Stand of small-arms . . - - - 270 ARTILLERY PROJECTILES. S-inch columbiad 160 30-pounder, rifled 120 20-pounder, rifled 300 6k-inch, rifled 507 24-pounder, smooth-bore.. . 200 FIXED AMMUNITION, CARTRIDGES, POWDER, ETC. 6-pounder ammunition rounds - - 1, 850 12-pounder gun and howitzer ammunition --- - - 1,000 24-pounder howitzer ammunition - ~do - - - - 100 Rifled musket elongated ball cartridges, caliber .577 do. - - - 63,00 Page 151 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 151 Rifled musket elongated ball cartridges, caliber .54 rounds. - 92,000 Rifled musket ball cartridges, caliber .69 do. - - - 15,000 Rampart grenades number -. 170 24-pounder fire-balls .... do - - - - 48 Powder - - - .pounds. - 700 Brooke rifle cartridges number - 463 8-inch columbiad cartridges do.... 350 24-pounder siege howitzer cartridges do.... 190 24-pounder boat howitzer cartridges do.... 240 Nearly all of the pieces were rendered unserviceable by the enemy, and also the gun carriages, implements, & c. Powder, cartridges, fixed ammunition, & c., was found to be in good condition.~ Respectfully submitted. J. J. WILLIAMSON, Captain and Chief of Ordnance, Thirteenth Army Corps. Maj. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant- General. IIDQRS. THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, ORDNANCE OFFICE, In the Field, near Mobile, Ala., April 18, 1865. SIR: In obedience to instructions received, I have the honor to report the amount of ordnance and principal ordnance stores captured at Mobile, Ala., on the 12th day of April, 1865, by the U. S. forces com- manded by Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger, viz: FIELD ARTILLERY. 6-pounders, smooth-bore 7 12-pounders, smooth-bore 3 10-pounder Parrott, rifled 2 3-inch rifles 4 20-pounder Blakely, rifled 2 Total number of pieces .. 18 SIEGE AND GARRISON ARTILLERY. 18-pounder gun, smooth-bore - .. 24-pounder boat howitzer 1 24-pounder carronade~ 2 24-pounder guns, smooth-bore 17 24-pounder guns, banded and rifled 2 30-pounder Parrotts, rifled 4 32-pounder carronades, bronze (French) 2 24-pounder Coehorn mortars 2 10-inch siege mortars 2 8-inch siege mortar 1 Total number of pieces 34 SEA-COAST ARTILLERY. 32-pounder guns, smooth-bore 30 32. pounder guns, rifled 19 42-pounder guns, rifled 2 42-pounder gun, smooth-bore 1 7-inch Brooke, rifled 13 8-inch columbiads 7 10-inch columbiads 16 10-inch Brooke guns, smooth-bore . . -. 4 11-inch Brooke guns, smooth-bore - 4 10-inch sea-coast mortars 2 Total number of pieces 98 Stands small-arms..... 50 Page 152 152 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ARTILLERY PROJECTILES. Solid shot, 10-inch columbiads 2, 100 Shell, 10-inch columbiads 2, 000 4, 100 Solid shot, 8-inch columbiads . 1,000 Shell, 8-inch columbiads 1, 200 Stand of grape, S-inch columbiads 197 2,397 Solid shot, 7-inch rifles 1, 000 Shell, 7-inch rifles 2,200 3,200 Solid shot, 42-pounder, smooth-bore 200 Solid shot, 32-pounder, smooth-bore 3,500 Shell, 32-pounder, smooth-bore 1, 000 4,500 Solid shot, 32-pounder, rifle 2,200 Shell, 32-pounder, rifle 592 2, 792 Solid shot, 24-pounder, smooth-bore 5, 000 Shell, 24-pounder, smooth-bore 364 Spherical case, 24-pounder, smooth-bore 450 Stand of grape, 24-pounder, smooth-bore 2, 000 Canister, 24-pounder, smooth-bore 600 8,414 Shell, 24-pounder rifle 260 Shell, 30-pounder Parrott 600 Shell, 20-pounder Parrott 900 Shell, 20-pounder Blakely, rifled 1,000 10-inch mortar shell 1,200 3,960 Solid shot, 12-pounder, smooth-bore 2, 000 Grape-shot, 12-pounder, smooth-bore 260 2,260 Solid shot, 6-pounder, smooth-bore 1,500 ARTILLERY AMMUNITION (FIXED). Rounds. 24-pounder gun ammunition 600 12-pounder gun and howitzer ammunition 10,000 6-pounder gun ammunition 3,000 POWDER, CARTRIDGES, ETC. 10-inch eoIumbiad~ cartridges 8-inch columbiad, cartridges 32-pounder smooth-bore, cartridges 24-pounder smooth-bore, cartridges - 20-pounder Blakely, rifled, cartridges 20-pounder Parrott, cartridges 10-pounder Parrott, cartridges 12-pounder siege gun, cartridges Rifle musket, caliber .577, cartridges Buck and ball, caliber .59, cartridges Pounds cannon powder Pounds mealed powder - 10-inch fire ball 600 300 200 100 72 700 225 100 25,000 20,000 14,000 100 80 ARTILLERY, CARRIAGES, IMPLEMENTS, ETC. Siege guns, carriages, and limbers complete Field guns, carriages, and limbers complete Caissons, field Battery wagons Forge 8 12 20 7 Page 153 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 153 Nearly all the pieces are spiked and have a projectile jammed in the bore. The larger portion of tlie carriages upon which the guns were mounted, together with the gunners implements, were partially or wholly destroyed. Respectfully submitted. J. J. WILLIAMSON, Captain and Chief of Ordnance, Thirteenth Army Corps. Maj. F. W. EMERy, Assistant Adjutant. General. ORDNANCE OFFICE, HDQRS. THIRTEENTH ARMY CoRPs Mobile, Ala., May 5, 1865. MAJOR: In obedience to orders received I have the honor to report the following as the amount of both small-arm and artillery ammuni- tion expended during the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala., viz, 498,715 rounds rifled musket elongated ball cartridges, caliber .577. 3-inch rifles: Fourth Massachusetts Battery, 653 rounds; S~venth Massachusetts Battery, 570 rounds; Twenty-first New York Battery, 566 rounds. 3.50-inch rifles: Battery F, First Missouri Light Artillery, 1,102 rounds. Light 12-pounders: Seventh Massachusetts Battery, 349 rounds; Twenty-first New York Battery, 681 rounds; Twenty-sixth New York Battery, 811 rounds; Whitworth gun, 136 rounds. 30- pounder Parrotts: BatteryM, First Indiana ileavyArtillery, 385 rounds. 20-pounder Parrotts: Eighteenth New York Battery, 2,000 rounds. 8-inch mortars: Battery B, First Indiana Artillery, 639 rounds. 8-inch howitzers: Battery C, First Indiana Heavy Artillery, 286 rounds. 4.10-inch mortars: Battery K, Sixth Michigan Heavy Artillery, 495 roun(l s. Respectfully submitted. J. J. WILLIAMSON, Captain and Chief of Ordnance, Thirteenth Army Corps. Maj. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant- General, Thirteenth Army Corps. No. 10. Report of Surg. Charles B. White, U. S. Army, Medical Director. HEADQUARTERS THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, OFFICE OF MEDICAL DIRECTOR, Mobile, Ala., May 24, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following report, in obedi- ence to instructions from your office, bearing date April 21, 1865: The campaign of the Thirteenth Army Corps from Fort Morgan to its position in the rear of Spanish Fort was very laborious. Much of the ground over which the corps passed was of quicksand covered by sod. This sod once broken through, horses and wagons sank to such a depth that the assistance of troops was necessary to extricate them. The men worked in rain and mud for several days till firm ground was reached and good weather prevailed, dragging wagons and artillery through by hand and in constructing many miles of corduroy. - This immense labor was performed with energy, alacrity, and in high spirits. Rest for thirty-six hours was afforded them at Fish River, and thoug Page 154 154 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. but partially ,recovered from their great fatigue, the soldiers moved again with cheerful promptitude. The morale of the corps was admi- rable. Many of the regiments had belonged to the corps previous to its suspension; all were of more than two years service, and had ordi- narily been successful in battle. Most had fought in the same battles, so that a considerable degree of esprit de corps was manifest. The scorbutic taint existing in some regiments had nearly disappeared. The troops were of robust, full habit, showing high health. The sup- ply of ambulances, of hospital tents, and hospital wagons was in accordance with Order No. 24, headquarters Army and Division of West Mississippi. Regimental officers were instructed to keep medical supplies for thirty days constantly on hand. Each division hospital carried as large a supply of the articles usually required by the exi- gencies of battle as the amount of transportation would permit. At the siege of Spanish Fort the troops of the corps were disposed in ravines and under the crests of hills at distances from the fort vary- ing from 600 to 800 yards. The skirmish line was daily pressed forward and the working parties pushed in behind it. Until the soldiers covered themselves by bomb-proofs the wounds were principally from solid shot and shell. After the construction of covers and the pushing of skirmishers near the fort the number and proportion of casualties from artillery fire greatly decreased. The wounds received in the rifle-pits and on the skirmish line were usually from ball; those in the trenches were nearly equally divided between musket and cannon shot. In the course of the siege several casualties occurred from the explosion of torpedoes buried at the crossing of the creek which passed through our lines, and after the occupation of the fort from those which were placed around it near the abatis and in the roads leading to the fort. The litters and litter-bearers were kept with the main line of troops, with which medical officers were always on duty. Those wounded in the trenches and at this reserve line were immediately carried off. Those wounded and the bodies of those killed at the skirmish line were left until dark and were then brought off. The fire from the rebel rifle-pits prevented any one from reaching the skirmish line or from returning from it except at night. After the first three days operations of our line against Spanish Fort those killed on the field were buried in divis- ion burying grounds and the graves properly marked. At the sug- gestion o~ ~ officers, immediately upon the closing in of the troops around the fort sinks were dug and attention paid to those san- itary precautions which might serve in the case of long siege to prevent or delay the appearance of those disorders which so frequently occur in the camps of besieging troops. The division ambulance trains were kept with their respective divisions, and a sufficient number of ambu- lances were stationed as near the camps as they could find shelter from the er4~vs fire, which swept every hill and many of the ravines. The wounded were conveyed by ambulances from the field to the division hospitals, which at first, situated in rear of the line, were afterward pitched upon a hill on the extreme left of the line, on the road to Starkes Landing, where wounded were transferred to steamer, a point not more than two miles and a half from any portion of the line and in the vicinity of a plantation house surrounded by trees, where water of excellent quality and fuel were abundant. Bunks were made and filled with fine straw for the accommodation of the wounded, and when hay was received at Starkes Landing it was furnished to the hospitals by the quartermaster upon requisition, but arrived too late to be of serv- ice at this point. The division wagons furnished the hospitals an ample supply of beef extract, condensed milk, and stimulants Page 155 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 155 The wounded did not endure any exposure to wet, cold, or heat that was of long duration or sufficient to cause suffering. Rain fell heavily three days, but those wounded on the skirmish line, though remaining on the field until night, were protected by the rubber blankets of their comrades. The wounded were moved from the division hospitals to transports for transfer to New Orleans within two to four days after the injuries were received, accompanied by medical officers, cooks, and nurses, and furnished with medical and hospital supplies and rations, under orders from Surg. E. II. Abadie, chief medical officer, Army and Division of West Mississippi. At the time of the assault on Blakely I was absent at Starkes Land- ing, paying attention to the transfer of wounded to transports, and having no notification of intended action did not provide for the neces- sities of the field. I am informed that three hours delay occurred in removing some of the wounded of this corps from the field. The next morning I found all the wounded of the First and Second Divisions, who participated in the assault, gathered into division hospitals. In the First Division all necessary operations performed, and in the Sec. ond Division all but one. This man was ordered to be retained for operation, but by some misapprehension was sent on the next day to New Orleans on transport, and, I am informed, died on the passage as the result of the neglect. The Second Division hospital was not in a creditable condition. But it is impossible for a surgeon in charge (in advance) to judge unerringly of the comparative executive ability of the various surgeons newly placed under his direction. Those wounded at this assault were sent to New Orleans, by the way of Starkes Land- ing, thirty-six hours afterward. Medical officers accompanied them, a surgeon in charge, an assistant to each fifty patients, and one nurse to each fifteen patients. Rations also, and medical and hospital supplies for three days, were sent with them. Hay was drawn by requisition on quartermasters department, and a liberal amount placed in the ambu. lances, which transferred the severe cases, and in the six division wagons which carried the sick and slightly wounded, for whom the ambulance accommodations were insufficient. The wounds received in this assault, it is believed, were principally from musketry fire. The proportion of amputations to the number of wounded at Spanish Fort was large, as the majority of wounds during the first days of the siege were from the explosion of shell. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. B. WHITE, Surgeon, U. S. Vols., Medical Director, Thirteenth Army Corps. Col. E. H. ABADIE, Surgeon, U. S. Army, Chief Medical Officer, Army and Division of West Mit~sissippi. No. 11. Reports of Brig. Gen. James C. TTeatch, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, of operations March 18April 12. Hn~RS. FIRST DIVISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Mobile, Ala., April 12, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of this command in front of Spanish Fort: On Sunday, March 26, 1865, the Twenty-first Iowa, of General Slacks brigade, being in advance, they commenced skirmishing with th Page 156 156 KY., S. W. VA., TENTh, N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. enemy about 2 p. in., one mile and a half from Spanish Fort, which continued with occasional shots until 5 p. in., when, the lines being formed, the skirmish line was advanced, the Second Brigade on the right, the First Brigade in the center, and the Third Brigade on the left. At 6.30 p. in., the skirmish line of the First Brigade and Second Brigade advancing, a sharp skirmish ensued between the skirmish line of the Twenty-first Iowa and the enemy, which lasted but a few moments. It having become so dark that it was impossible to advance farther during the night, the line was halted, the reserves throwing up rifle- pits~ the Twenty-first Iowa having lost 1 killed and 2 wounded. At 3 a. in. on the morning of the 27th the enemy advanced a strong skirmish line, which was promptly driven back, the enemy retreating within their fortifications. At 12 in. our lines were closed up, the division occupying the left center between the Third Division, Brigadier.General Benton s command, and the First Brigade, Second Division, Colonel Bertram commanding, the First Brigade occupying the right, the Third Brigade the left, and the Second Brigade beiag held in reserve. Loss during the day, 2 killed and 16 wounded. Tuesday, March 28, the entire night the troops were engaged in throwing up rifle-pits and mak- ing slow advances upon the lines of the enemys works, the advance being made under a heavy skirmish fire and rapid discharge of artil- lery from the enemys lines. The Seventh Massachusetts Battery was placed in position on the left of General Bentons division, which resulted in the enemys being forced to close the einbrasures in their front. The fire of the enemys artillery was very heavy during the entire day, causing a great annoyance to the command. fhe Second Brigade, General Dennis commanding, relieved First Brigade, General Slacks, in the rifle-pits at 10 p. in. Wednesday, March 29,1865, heavy firing on skirmish line and by the enemys artillery, which was kept up during the entire day and night. Large details from the command were kept on fatigue duty building batteries. The Twenty-ninth Illi- nois Infantry lost 4 men killed and 9 wounded by the bursting of a shell from the enemys guns. Total loss during the day, 4 killed and 11 wounded. At 12.30 a. m. of Thursday, March 30, 1865, the enemy made a sortie along my entire front, with the evident intention of cap- turing the skirmish line, advancing even up to the skirmish pits, where they were handsomely repulsed, our skirmishers following the enemy as they retired. Advanced nearly 100 yards, which ground they held and intrenched themselves, the enemy keeping up a heavy fire of artillery and musketry. During the forenoon Capt. J. T. Reed, of my staff, in transmitting some orders to the troops in front, was struck upon the leg by a piece of shell, producing a slight bruise; 5 men wounded during the day. At 3 p. in. I received an order to withdraw my division from the lines in front of the enemys works, which was accordingly done, the entire division, with the exception of the Fourth and Seventh Massachusetts Batteries, being withdrawn by 8 p. in. The entire loss during the siege was 9 killed and 41 wounded. JAMES C. VEATCH, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. F. W. EMERY, A88istant Adjutant- General, Thirteenth Army Corps Page 157 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 157 IIDQRS. FIRST DIvISIoN, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Mobile, April 18, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this command in the assault upon Blakely, Ala., April 9,1865: At 5 p. m. of the 9th instant I received an official note from Capt. J. F. Lacey, of General Steeles staff; saying that the entire skirmish line in front of Blakely would advance at 5.30 p. in., and that Major- General Steele wished me to advance and enter the enemys works if possible. My division occupied one brigade front on the line of invest- ment, the left extending a few rods south of the road leading from Sibleys Mills to Blakely, and joining Garrards right, extending to and joining General Andrews left. I immediately placed the Second Bri- gade, Brigadier-General Dennis, on the front line, and brought up the Third Brigade, Lieuteiiant-Colonel Kinsey, One hundred and sixty- first New York, commanding, to support it. The First Brigade, Brig- adier-General Slack, was held in reserve. A section of the Seventh Massachusetts Battery, Captain Storer, was all the artillery I had in position. After a very sharp artillery fire from our line the forward movement commenced. The Eighth Illinois Infantry, Colonel Sheetz, advanced as skirmishers, followed by the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, Colonel Dornblaser, on the right, and the Eleventh Illinois, Colonel Coates, on the left. The enemys main works were about 600 yards from our skirmish line. His skirmishers were well advanced and cov- ered by a strong line of rifle-pits. As the Eighth Illinois advanced it received a very hot fire from the skirmish line, but with shouts and cheers it pressed forward over the rough ground and obstructions 01 fallen timber, captured the rebel skirmishers, and pressed forward through the double line of abatis to the enemys main work. A rebel battery on the right of the Sibley road fired canister with great rapidity as the line approached. The right of the line reached this battery, and instantly mounting through the embrasures, its four guns were silenced and captured. The whole regiment dashed over the works led by their gallant officers, and captured 300 prisoners, and press- ing forward were the first troops that reached the landing. The Eleventh and Forty-sixth Illinois quickly followed, and were halted and formed inside the works. The whole brigade deserves the hlghest credit for the splendid manner in which the charge was executed. No regiment could have done better than the Eighth Illinois. It was among the first, if not the very first, to plant its colors on the rebel works. My command captured 300 prisoners, two Parrott guns, two 12-pounder howitzers, one 8-inch columbiad, and 500 stand of small- arms, a large amount of ammunition and ordnance stores, all of which were left on the ground when the command was ordered back to camp at 12 oclock at night. The Seventh Massachusetts Battery, Captain Storer, rendered the most efficient aid by its rapid and well-directed fire. The supporting brigades and reserves were ready to move in a moment, and were impatient to move forward. Brigadier-General Dennis and staff merit strong approbation for their gallant conduct. My loss was 13 killed and 64 wounded. I have the honor to be, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES C. VEATCH, Brigadier-General, Commanding. Maj. F. W EMERY, Assistant Adjutant-General, Thirteenth Army Corps. Page 158 158 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. IIDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, April 13, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with instructions received from headquar- ters Thirteenth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the following report of the march and operations of this command since leaving Navy Cove: On the afternoon of March 18, 1865, marched four miles through deep sand of the Gulf beach; course, east-southeast; camped at 6 p. m. for the night. Sunday, March 19, 1865, reveille at 5 a. in.; marched at 6 a. in.; marched twelve miles; course, east-northeast; crossed Shell Bank Bay about 11 a. in.; camped at 4 p. m. Monday, March 20, reveille at 5a.m.; marched at 6a.m.; marched eight miles; found the road impassable; retraced the route for the distance of four miles; camped for the night at 4 p. m. Tuesday, March 21, reveille at 5 a. in., but owing to the roads being impassable the command did not break camp, details of 1,200 men being sent forward to build corduroy roads; raining all day. Wednesday, March 22, reveille at 4 a. in.; marched at 5 a. in.; crossed Mud Creek at 6.15 a. in., marching over three miles of corduroy made the preceding day and night, making five miles, the rear of the column making only three miles and a half. Thursday, March 23, struck tents at 5 a. in.; marched at 6 a in.; made corduroy all day; went into camp at 2 p. m; details making corduroy all night; marched one mile. Friday, March 24, left camp at 5 a in.; marched thirteen miles; course northwest; crossed East Branch of Fish River at 10 a. in.; crossed the Main Branch of Fish River at 1.30 p. m. Command went into camp one mile west of the crossing, on the road leading to Deer Park, at 2.45 p. m. General Slack, commanding First Brigade, which was the rear guard, reported his train had been attacked by a small party of rebel cavalry. Lost 8 men prisoners and 14 mules. Saturday, March 25, marched at 12.15 p. in.; course north- west; marched seven miles and a half; camped at 5 p. m. Sunday, March 26, marched at 6.30 a. in., crossing both branches of DOlives Creek, First Brigade, General Slack commanding, in advance, Twenty- first Iowa Infantry being advance guard. About 12 m. skirmish line advanced. At 2 p. m. met enemy about one mile and a half from Spanish Fort. Slight skirmishing until 5 p. in., when the skirmish line was advanced. At 6.30 p. m. sharp and rapid firing in front of Twenty- first Iowa. Enemys line driven into the fort. Twenty-first Iowa lost 1 killed and 2 wounded, the skirmish line and reserves being halted until morning. At 3 a. m. on Monday, March 27, the enemy advanced a strong skirmish line, which was promptly driven back. The entire com- mand under arms at daylight on the morning of the 27th. General Benton, commanding Third Division, moved up on our right. The enemy skirmished into their fortifications, and then closed up. Loss in First Division, 2 killed and 16 wounded. Tuesday, March 28. The evening of yesterday the command engaged in throwing up rifle-pits, and making slow advances upon the line of the enemy. Heavy skir- mish firing all day. Seventh Massachusetts Battery went into position on the left of General Bentons line. A great amount of artillery firing. One man killed and 4 wounded. The command holding two brigades front in column of reginients with strong skirmish line from each brigade. Second Brigade in reserve. Second Brigade relieved the First Brigade during the night. Wednesday, March 29, heavy firing on skirmish line and by enemys artillery. Large details from the command building batteries during the day and night. Four men killed and 9 men wounde Page 159 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 159 in Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry by a shell; 2 men wounded in Sec- ond Brigade. At 12 midnight enemy made a sortie along the whole front of my line, but were handsomely repulsed. An advance of the whole skirmish line was made, upon the enemy retiring, of about 100 yards. Thursday, March 30, heavy skirmish firing about daylight, and was continued until 8 a. m. Capt. James T. Reed, of my staff, slightly wounded in leg by piece of spent shell. At 3 p. m. received orders to withdraw my command from the line of investment and report to Major-General Canby for orders, who directed me to take charge of a supply train of quartermasters and commissary of subsistence stores, and proceed to ilolyoke, for the purpose of communicating with and supplying Major-General Steeles command. Proceeded about two miles on the ilolyoke road and camped for the night. Five men wounded during the day. Friday, March 31, marched at 8 a~ in., with train of seventy-five wagons loaded with supplies. Arrived at ilolyoke at 12 in.; intrenched, encamped to await General Steeles arrivaL Saturday, April 1, Major McEntee, of General Steeles staff, came up from General Canbys headquarters with dispatch and an escort of cavalry. Lieutenant-Colonel Thornbnrgh, Fourth Tennessee Cavalry, with a command of about 1,000 men, reported to me, by order of Major. General Canby, who remained until 3 p. in., and then moved out for the purpose of attempting to make a connection and to communicate with the forces of Major-General Steele. At Op. in. heard firing in the direc- tion of Blakely; sent forward a squadron of cavalry, which was in camp as an advance guard; immediately followed it with two regiments of infantry and a section of artillery. Marched about three miles, and everything becoming quiet, and the night becoming very dark, I returned to camp, which point I reached at 9 p. in. Sunday, April 2, at 6 a. in. received information of a party of rebel scouts. Sent out a party to capture them, who returned at 9 a. in. without being success- ful. The cavalry force of Colonel Thornburgh returned at 11 a. in. with- out hearing anything of General Steele. One battalion was sent at once with wagon train to Starkes Landing for supplies. The balance was sent by two different roads to meet General Steeles command. At 12 in. heard General Steeles command were investing Blakely. At 3 p. in. General Steeles train came for the supplies. At the same time the train sent at 11 a. in. to Starkes Landing returned empty, by order of Major-General Canby. Monday, April 3, at midnight received an order from General Canby to immediately march to the support of General Steele at Blakely. At 1 oclock the entire column, with trains, & c was in motion. Crossed the bridge at Sibleys Mills just before dayhght. Reported to General Steele, and was ordered to take posi- tion to the left of General Andrews division in line of investment. At 3 p. in. was relieved by General Garrards division. Moved back from front and went into camp as a reserve. Tuesday, April 4, remained in camp until 9 p. in., when the Second Brigade was sent to the front to occupy a vacancy in the line between the line of Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews and Brigadier-General Garrard. Wednesday, April 5, noth- ing of any importance transpired during the day. At 9 p. in. the Third Brigade moved up to the support of General Hawkins division. Thursday, April 6, the First Brigade relieved the Second Brigade in the rifle-pits; 1 man, Company C, Eighth Illinois, wounded. Friday, April 7, the Second Brigade was engaged during the day in manufac- turing gabions. The Thirtieth Missouri, of the Third Brigade, was similarly engaged in manufacturing them for General Hawkins coin- inand. The Twenty-third Wisconsin Infantry was engaged in buildin Page 160 160 KY,, S. W. VA., TENN., Th & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. a battery in front of General Hawkins command. One man of the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry wounded. Twenty-third Wisconsin, 1 killed and 4 wounded. Two wounded in Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry. Saturday, April 8, no casualties. Considerable skirmishing along our entire front. Sunday, April 9, skirmishing during the entire day. At 5.30 a charge was made along the entire line, the charge being a com- plete success. The Second Brigade of this division was engaged, and was among the first in the enemys lines. They captured a large quan- tity of ordnance and ordnance stores. Monday, April 10, received orders at 12.30 a. m. to withdraw forces from the enemys works, and prepare to move at daylight. Marched at 8 a. in., and marched two and a half miles and camped. Remained in camp all day. Tuesday, April 11, remained in camp all day until 6 p. in.; marched to Starkes Landing, a distance of thirteen miles. Wednesday, April 12, embarked on transports for Mobile. Made a landing five miles below the city at 10 a. m. Moved into the city at once. Found the city evacuated, the enemy having left the night before. JAMES C. VEATCH, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Capt. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant-General. No. 12. Report of Brig. Gen. James II. Slack, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade, of operations March 17April 12. IIDQRs. FIRST BRIG., FIRST Div., 13TH A~aMY CoRPS, Spring Hill, Ala., April 29, 1865. SIR: In obedience to orders from headquarters First Division, Thir- teenth Army Corps, I have the honor to report the part taken by the First Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in the battles at Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, Ala., which resulted in the fall of Mobile on the 12th instant, embracing a journal for each day~s proceed- ings from the time we left Dauphin Island, on Friday, the 17th of March: My command consisted of four regiments, the Forty-seventh Indiana Infantry, commanded by Lient. Col. John A. McLaughlin; the Twenty- first Iowa Infantry, commanded by Lient. Col. S G. Van Anda; the Twenty-ninth Wisconsin Infantry, commanded by Lieut Col. B. Han- cock, and the Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, commanded by Lient. Col. - A. C. Matthews. The aggregate effective force of these four regiments was 71 officers and 1,646 men. Embarked on transports at Dauphin Island on the afternoon of March 17, and landed at Navy Cove, from which point we marched out three miles and went into camp. On the 18th we remained in camp. On the 19th struck camp and took up our line of march at 6 a. in., and traveled twelve miles over a very heavy sand road; went into camp at 3.30 p. in. On the 20th left camp at 6 a. in.; traveled eight miles, when we encountered the rear of the Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, stuck in the mud; went into camp and at once began the construction of corduroy roads and bridges. Continued in camp on the 21st, with nearly all my effective force on duty repairing roads, making new roads, and building bridges. Raiued very hard during all forenoon Page 161 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 161 Wednesday, the 22d, moved at daylight; traveled three miles and weim into camp; employed the balance of the day in making roads. Thurs- day, 23d, moved at daylight; traveled three miles, when we again struck the rear of General Bentons column. Went into camp and spent the balance of the day in drawing rations and repairing roads. Friday, 24th, left camp at 9 a. in.; took the rear of the division; was much delayed by the Third Divisions train; had to help them through. About 3 p. m. of this day a squad of rebel cavalry made a dash at General Bentons train, close to our advance, and captured 8 of the drivers and 14 mules. Crossed Fish River and came up with the advance, and went into camp at 8 p. in., having made thirteen miles. Saturday, 25th, struck camp at 12 in., and moved nine miles to Deer Park and went into camp just at dark. Sunday, 26th, left camp at 7 oclock in the morning and moved, with my brigade in the advance, and with the Ninety-ninth Illinois Regiment thrown forward as skir- mishers. About 11 a. m. the Ninety-ninth Regiment was withdrawn because of its numerical strength being insufficient, and the Twenty- first Iowa, under command of Colonel Van Anda, deployed as skir- mishers. Soon thereafter the advance opened the fight with the rebel pickets and pressed them to a point within a mile of Spanish Fort, where we encamped and threw up a line of works, with the advance pro- tected by a skirmish line from the Twenty-first Iowa. Just at dusk this line was advanced about half a mile, driving in the rebel pick- ets, with the loss of 3 men of the Twenty-first Iowai killed and 2 wounded. During the night relieved the Twenty-first Iowa with three companies from the Forty-seventh Indiana. At daylight this line was attacked by the rebel advance, and were temporarily pressed back, but in a moment advanced and drove the rebel line close up to their fortifications. The loss of the Forty-seventh Indiana in this skirmish was 2 killed and 5 wounded. At 11 a. m. advanced the whole hue to a point within 800 yards of the rebel fort, and began the siege by way of throwing up fortifications and constructing rifle-pits. My com- mand was relieved from the rifle-pits by a regiment from General Den- nis command. Wednesday, 29th, siege continued. Relieved General Dennis command with the Forty-seventh Indiana. Thursday, 30th, my brigade was withdrawn from the siege, and with the other brigades of the division moved out two miles to escort a supply train and open communication with General Steeles column. Moved two miles out and went into camp. Friday, 31 st, struck camp at 6 a. m. and moved northeast six miles to ilolyoke. Went into camp at 1 p. in.; fortified our position and remained quiet. Saturday, April 1, remained in camp until sunset, when firing was heard in the direction of Fort Blakely. Immediately General Veatch ordered me to move out with two regiments, when I detailed the Forty- seventh Indiana and Twenty-first Iowa, accompanied by one section of artillery. After moving two miles on the Blakely road firing ceased, quiet was restored; could learn nothing from the advance, and the com- mand returned to camp. Sunday, April 2, formed junction with Gen- eral Steeles command, and his train came to camp after supplies. At dark moved my whole brigade to Sibleys Mills, distance four miles, and went into camp at 10 p. m. Monday, 3d, roused camp at 3 a. in., and moved to the support of General Steeles line, and at daylight formed on the left of General Andrews division, expecting an attack from the rebel forces at Fort Blakely. At 9 a. m. went into camp within supporting distance and remained during the day. Tuesday, 4th, remained in camp. Reconnoitered the enemys skirmish line with 11 B BVOL XLIX~ PT Page 162 162 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. a small force from the Forty-seventh Indiana and Twenty-ninth Wis- consin Regiments, and fixed upon the line for the investment of Fort Blakely. Wednesday, 5th, remained in camp all day. Thursday, 6th, remained in camp until night, at which time I relieved the Second Brigade with two regiments, the Forty-seventh indiana and Twenty- ninth Wisconsin, from the rifle-pits in front [of] the rebel fortifications, and during the night constructed saps and advanced the trenches. Fri- day, 7th, relieved the two regiments of my command at night with the Twenty-first Iowa and Ninety-ninth Illinois, and continued advancing our lines toward the rebel works until the night of Saturday, the 8th, when my whole command was relieved from General Dennis brigade, and before the men had reached camp the whole brigade was ordered by General Veatch to the support of GeneralA. J. Smiths command, then investing Spanish Fort. At 10 p. m. moved out and marched three miles, when I received orders to move back to camp, which we reached at 2 a. in., greatly used up for want of rest and sleep. Sunday, April 9th, remained in camp all day recuperating from the effects of the forty-eight hours excessive fatigue through which the command had just passed. At 5.30 p. in. an assault was made upon the rebel fortifica- tions by our whole line and their works carried most gallantly, and the last work manned by the rebels for the defense of Mobile taken possession of by the Federal army. In the afternoon of Monday, April 10, moved camp two miles north and remained there until Tuesday evening, April 11, when I received an order from General Veatch to strike tents and move down the bay to ~ Landing, a distance of twelve miles, which we reached at 4 oclock on Wednesday morning, and immediately embarked on board steamers for the west bank of Mobile Bay. Weighed anchor at 7 oclock and moved up the bay to a point five miles below the city of Mobile, where we disembarked at 12 m. and marched up to the city, which point we reached at sunset and went into camp. Soon after going into camp was ordered to move my command through the city and take position on the north side, which was done, and went into camp at 10 p. m. Thus terminated a very severe and highly successful campaign of twenty-six days, in which time perhaps more was accomplished than in any one campaign that preceded it of no greater length during a four years war. During the whole time from leaving Navy Cove to the taking possession of the city officers and men performed their severe tasks of labor and fatigue most cheerfully, and for their gal- lantry and valor upon the several fields of battle are well entitled to the thanks of a grateful country. To Brig. Gen. J. C. Veatch, the commander of our division, for his bravery, cool and discriminative judgment, and his zeal, in the work accomplished, the country is spe- cially indebted, and with one accord all must exclaim, Well done, thou good and faithful servant. To the several members of his staff I feel under special obligations for their kind and gentlemanly deportment and the untiring energy thrown into every department of the task set before us, and which was so successfully accomplished. To the officers and men of my command I cannot say more than that every one did his whole duty without a murmur or complaintalways ready, and at the word forward never hesitated. To Capt. M. D. Massie, my acting assistant adjutant-general, and to Lieuts. D. W. Curtis, of the Twenty- ninth Wisconsin, and N. Henry Kinne, of the Ninety-ninth Illinois, aides-de-camp, I am under special obligations for their zeal and untir- ing exertions in aiding me in the command of the brigade and dis- charging the various duties required. Copies of the reports o Page 163 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 163 regimental commanders, detailing the part taken by their respective regiments, are herewith submitted. The whole number of casualties during the campaign and investment was 23, as follows: Killed, 4; wounded, 12; missing, 7* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAS. It. SLACK, Capt. iR. C-. CURTIS, Brigadier-General. Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 13. Report of Lient. (Jol. Asa C. Matthews, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. HEADQUARTERS NINETY-NINTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY, Spring Hill, Ala., April 21, 1865. CAPTAIN: In obedience to the following instructions HDQRS. FIRST BRIGADE FIRST DIVISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Spring Hill, Ala., April 19, 1865. Lient. Col. A. C. MATTHEWS, Ninety-ninth Illinoi8: COLONEL: You will please forward at once to these headquarters a detailed report of the operations of your regiment at Spanish Fort and Blakely, together with a journal of the march and operations from day to day, from the time of leaving Dauphin Island until you arrived at Mobile. By order of Brig. Gen. James R. Slack: M. D. MASSIE, Captain and Acting As8istant Adjutant-General. I have the honor to submit the following report: This command left Dauphin Island on the 17th of March, 1865, crossed the bay to Navy Cove, and marched about four miles up the peninsula to a camp formerly occupied by Colonel Bertrams brigade. Here we remained until the 19th. On the morning of that day we broke camp early, and marched, I suppose, a distance of about fifteen miles. Dur- ing this days march we crossed a stream of considerable dimensions, called Oyster Bayou. The men got wet. We went into camp early. March 20, started out early and missed the road; marched back, and during the day marched a distance of not over four miles. March 21, during the most of this day it rained very hard. The men were very wet, and had to work at constructing bridges all day. March 22, marched about three miles and went into camp in line. Still at work making bridges. Came up with the train of Brigadier-General Benton, commanding Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. March 23, marched but about two miles to-day, and all hands went to work again. March 24, started early and got to Fish River and went into camp about 9 p. m. During the march the train of the division was attacked by some fifteen cavalry, and I had one man captured by the name of Bollman. March 25, we remained in camp at Fish River till about 11 a. in., when we marched to the front, a distance of some seven or eight miles, and went into camp just at dark. March 26, the army moved out of camp in three columns; our division had the center, and this regiment had the advance of the division. We constructed bridges until about 2 p. in., when the skirmishers of the enemy were found. *But see table, p. 110 Page 164 164 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. The brigade was formed in line and we took position on the left. Dur. ing the night we threw up temporary fortifications in our front. I also supported the skirmishers till about 11 p. in., when I was relieved by the One hundred and sixty-first New York Infantry. March 27, we marched to the front quite early and threw up some temporary fortifi- cations, and remained there till the lines of the division and brigade were formed when we moved up and drove the enemy into his fortifi- cations at Sjanish Fort. I had a company of eighty men in the skir- mish line, and am sure that they, with the skirmishers of Twenty-first Iowa, advanced farther and nearer the enemys works than any on the entire line. I had one man, Corporal Robinson, badly wounded during the day. March 28. This day was spent in making fortifications and arranging camp for the siege. March 29, worked in the trenches most of the day; was relieved by Second Brigade. March 30, owing to an alarm last night and some confusion in camp in getting in line, I had the men construct in the forenoon a rifle-pit for their own defense. Pri- vate Reuben Jones was killed about noon by a shell while in his tent writing to his family. About 3 p. m. we were ordered to march in the direction of Holyokes house for the purpose of opening communication with General Steele and his command. We reached there about noon of the 31st, and that day and the omie succeeding was spent in camp. On the evening of the 2d of April we niarched to Sibleys Mills, and there joined General ~ command. At 3 oclock on the morning of the 3d we marched, with fifty rounds of ammunition and without knapsacks, to the front. We remained in line in different places and positions till about 10 oclock, when we went into camp near Blakely. We did little but hold ourselves in readiness to move at a moments notice till the 7th instant, when we relieved the Forty-seventh Indiana in the trenches. I had most of the men at work during the night, and advanced our lines greatly to our advantage. About 3 oclock on the morning of the 8th the enemy made an advance against our lines, which was easily repulsed. The enemy was in small force. This was the occasion of considerable shelling by the enemy, but no one was injured on our side. During the 8th we kept up a continuous skirmish fire with the enemy, which was interspersed with artillery, with but small loss. I had 2 men wounded in the head and 7 buried by a shell, some of whom were injured. At 8 p. m. we were relieved by the Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry, marched to camp, and found orders awaiting us to join Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith, at Spanish Port. Notwithstanding our tour of twentysix hours in the trenches, the men at once replenished their cartridge-boxes and marched without a word of complaint. We did not reach Spanish Fort till we received orders that we were not wanted, and were consequently ordered back to camp, which place we reached about 3 a. m. of the 9th. This day was mostly spent in camp and in cleaning up arms, & c. At 6 p. m. I went out to see the assault on the enemys lines. They were assaulted at the precise time and carried in five minutes after the advance commenced. Too much praise cannot be given to the assaulting column. On the 10th of April we marched up to the right of our lines and went into camp, where we remained till the evening of the 11th, when we were ordered to march against Mobile. We marched back to Spanish Fort, and about three miles below that point we embarked on board Tin-clad No. 41, and together with trans- ports sufficient to carry two divisions of our corps (the Thirteenth), sailed for the city. Before we g9t up to the obstructions in the bay the fleet was met by flag of truce, informing us that the Confederates, after the evacuation of Spanish Fort and Blakely, had evacuated Mobile Page 165 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 165 Our forces soon made a landing. In fact, my regiment was the second regiment to get ashore, and about noon of the 12th of April the Eighth Illinois occupied the city. The part this regiment took in the various movements that resulted in the evacuation of this place by the enemy and its occupation by our forces was not as prominent as I would have been pleased to have had it, but I am happy to state that in every instance we have performed the part assigned to us cheerfully and willingly, and I think promptly. The spirit of the men during the whole campaign has been splendid, and I have noticed with pleasure that when danger was supposed to be nearest at hand the men were all present and well closed up, ready for any emergency. With assurances of consideration, I have the honor to be, captain, respectfully, your obedient servant, A. C. MATTHEWS Lieutenant- Colonel Capt. M. D. MASSIE, , Commanding. Aetg. Asst. A~jt. Gen.. First Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps No. 14. Report of Lient. Cot. John A. McLaughlin, Forty-seventh Indiana Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. IIDQRS. FORTY-SEVENTH INDIANA VETERAN VOLUNTEERS, AS~pring Hill, Ala., April 20, 1865. SIR: In obedience to orders from headquarters First Briga~de, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the fol- lowing report of the part taken by the Forty-seventh Indiana Veteran Volunteers in the operations at Spanish Fort and Blakely, together with a journal of tIre march from the time of leaving Dauphin Island: On the morning of the 17th of March I received orders to embark my regiment on the steamer Mustang for Navy Cove wh reached at 1 p. m. of the 17th, where with but , ich point was trifling delay the regi- ment debarked and marched a distance of three or four miles up the peninsula, going into camp for the night. March 18, lay in camp. March 19, received orders to move at 5 a in., reaching an arm of Bay Bon Secours at 10 a. in., which was forded, the men wading. Went into camp at 5 p. in., having marched a distance of fourteen miles. March 20, broke camp at 5 a in.; marched in rear of the brigade. Came upon the train of the Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, which was unable to move forward on account of the roads being impassable, about 9 a in., when a halt was ordered and 200 detailed from the regi- ment, by order of General Slack, for the purpose of bridging, to enable the columns to pass over the swamps that lay in our way. After several hours labor were enabled to move forward a distance of two miles, going into camp about dark, soon after which it commenced rain- ing, and continued during the entire night. March 21, were engaged the entire day in bridging and getting trains forward. Detail of 100 men from the regiment relies ed hourly during the day. March 22, moved at 4 a. in., going into camp at 12 in., having marched about four miles. Detail of 200 men to work at bridging. March 23, ordered to move at daylight. Marched three miles, bridging as before. March 24, moved at 0 a. in.; marched to Fish River, a distance of sixteen miles, with but little delay on account of roads, going into camp at 9 p. m. Lost three men, they being captured by guerrillas in a das Page 166 E6 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. made upon the train of the First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. March 25, received orders to move at 12 m. Marched six miles, going into camp at dark. March 26, received orders to move at 6 a. m. After marching about eight jniles the advance met the enemys pickets, drove them, and went into camp in line of battle one mile from Spanish Fort, where fortifications were ordered to be thrown up, and Companies I, F and C were thrown forward as pickets. The enemy advanced on the m~rning of the 27th about daylight and attacked the pickets. The regiment on the left gave way, allowing the enemy to advance upon the flank of the line occupied by the Forty-seventh Indiana, who seeing their situation formed in line and charged the enemy, regaining the ground and driving the enemy from the field, with a loss to the Forty- seventh Indiana of 1 killed and 6 wounded, 1 mortally, and who died on the 27th. On the morning of the 27th, at 10 a. in., moved forward in line of battle within a short distance of Spanish Fort, where fortifi- cations were erected, and one company was thrown forward, by order of General Slack, as skirmishers, intrenching as they advanced. No casualties. March 28, were on the advance line; shelled by the enemy at regular intervals during the day, the skirmish line advancing about 100 yards. Casualties, one man of Company E wounded while in the main line, not serionsly. March 29, engaged in fortifying main line and advancing skirmishers, which the enemy attempted to check. Regi- ment ordered into line about 11 oclock to support skirmishers. Remained under arms during the night. March 30, received orders and moved at 12 m. with supply train for General Steeles command. Marched three miles and encamped for the night. March 31, moved at 6 a. in., leaving regimental train behind. Marched six miles and encamped on ilolyoke farm. Threw up fortifications. April 1, remained in camp. April 2, remained in camp until 6.30 p. in., when we were ordered to move, reaching Sibleys Mills, three miles from Blakely, about 11 p. m. April 3, moved at 3 a. m. without knap- sacks, taking position on the line at 8 a. m. Remained in camp during the day. April 4 and 5, remained in camp. April 6, remained in camp during the day, going to the advance trenches at 7 p. m. During the night advanced the trenches 100 yards, covering the entire front of the regiment. April 7, were relieved by the Ninety-ninth Illinois at 7 p. in. April 8, remained in camp during the day, and 7 p. m. received orders to move to Spanish Fort, but before reaching our destination the order was countermanded and we returned to camp, reaching it at 2 a. m. April 9, remained in camp during the day. April 10, moved camp about three miles. April11, remained in camp until 7p.m., when we received orders to move. Reached Starkes Landing at 4 a. m. on the 12th and embarked on the steamer Landis, landing at Magnolia Race-Course Pier at 12 m. Debarked at once in small boats principally, the pier being but a tem- porary fixture, over which but one rank was able to pass. Formed immediately after landing and moved forward with the brigade, enter- ing the city of Mobile about 8p. m. Marched through the city, encamp- ing for the night in the Mobile and Ohio Railroad Depot. During the campaign ending with capture of Mobile the officers and men of the Forty-seventh Indiana bore the part assigned them without complaint, every man doing his duty to the entire satisfaction of his commanding officer. I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN A. McLAUGHLIN, Lieutenant- Golonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. M. D. MASSIE, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gem., First Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corjps Page 167 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 167 No. 15. Reports of Lient. Gol. Same G. Yan Anda, Twenty-first Iowa Infantry, of operations March 17April 13. IIDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT IOWA VOLUNTEERS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the position of my regiment during the siege and capture of Spanish Fort and Blakely, Ala.: On the 26th of March, under orders from Brigadier-General Slack, my regiment was ordered to the advance of our division and four companies thrown forward as skirmishers, the remaining companies in reserve. We moved rapidly forward for about three miles to the creeks, over very broken and difficult ground, when observing indications of the presence of the enemy our line was halted to allow the column to close up. About 10 oclock I withdrew the four companies of skirmishers and sent out two others in their place, formed my regiment in line of battle, and again moved forward. My skirmish line almost immediately fell in with the enemys advance and was engaged until dark. Two of my men were slightly wounded. About 8 p. m. I was again ordered forward and advanced in line of battle, preceded by two companies as skirmishers under command of Major Boardman. About 9 oclock we drew the fire of the enemy in our front, which was vigorously returned by my skir- mishers. In this advance I lost one man killed. Under orders from Major-General Granger I remained in position on the field and was relieved at midnight by the Forty-seventh Indiana. On the 27th we moved to our position on the left of First Brigade in the siege operations against Spanish Fort, having closed upon the enemy and our skirmish- ers, under command of Captain Voorhees, driven him into his fortifica- tions. On the night of the 28th the enemy made an assault on our lines. Capt. J. L. Noble was near the line with a working party, when with great bravery and presence of mind he rallied his men and supported the skirmish line, driving back the enemy in great disorder. We remained in position, taking an active part in the siege operations, until the 30th, when we were withdrawn with our division to escort a supply train for Major-General Steele. I proceeded to ilolyoke Mills and remained in camp there until the 2d of April, when we were ordered forward to Blakely. I moved at 7 p. in.; marched five miles and biv- ouacked near Bay Minette, and at daylight on the morning of the 3d took up position in the rear of Blakely immediately on the right of General Garrards forces. During the operations against Blakely my regiment entered the rifle- pits, on the night of the 7th at dark, but met with no casualties, although our skirmishers and working parties were very much exposed during the night, when the enemy advanced upon our lines and my whole regiment was under a severe fire from his artillery, which for two hours threw shells incessantly along our rifle-pits. My regiment was relieved at dark and almost immediately ordered to the support of Major~General Smiths forces in the contemplated assault on Spanish Fort. I proceeded to Bay Minette, and was then ordered back to my position behind Blakely, which I regained at 3 oclock on the morning of the 9th instant. My regiment, having been on duty nearly forty- eight hours, took no part in the successful assault on Blakely that day. I am under many obligations to the officers and men of my regiment for their soldierly conduct during the campaign. Surg. ID. W. Chase, Actg. Maj. E. Boardinan, Adjt. George Crooke, Sergt. Maj. J. Dubois Page 168 168 KY, S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. and commanding officers of companies have behaved with much cool- ness and judgment in every engagement. To the commanding general of the brigade and his staff officers, Captain Massie and Lientenants Cnrtis and Kinne, I am under many obligations for their nniform kindness and courtesy. I have the honor to remain, captain, your obedient servant, S. G. VAN ANDA, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. M. D. MASSIE, Acting As8istant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS TWENTY-FIRST IOWA INFANTRY, Spring Hill, Ala., April 20, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the operations of my regiment from March 17 to April 12 [13], 1865: On the morning of March 17 we crossed Mobile Bay from Dauphin Island on the transport K. G. Brown; landed at Navy Cove; marched one mile and a half np the peninsula and encamped. We remained in camp on the 18th, and at 6.30 a. m. of the 19th commenced the march toward Blakely. We found the roads dry, but marching heavy on account of the sand. At noon we waded an arm of the bay, having an average depth of about thirty inches, and encamped at 4p. in., hav- ing marched fifteen miles. At 6 a. m. of the 20th we resumed the march, and moved rapidly about five miles, but returned upon our route four miles and took the road followed by the Third Division. At this point the country became of a very difficult character for transportation and artillery, being exceedingly wet and marshy. The division preceding ns had here commenced laying corduroy roads at intervals, which, however, already needed a great deal of repairing. We encamped at 3.30 p. in., and immediately sent out heavy fatigue parties to repair the roads previously laid and continue them through the swamps. During the night and morning of the 21st there was heavy rain and we remained in camp, our fatigue men in considerable numbers being engaged on the roads. On the 22d we marched slowly from 7 a. in. until noon, the land being of the same wet character. Our fatigue men were frequently called upon along the rdute to make roads which were otherwise impassable for train and artillery. During the day we made about six miles. On the 23d we were engaged in the same labors, and found more than ordinary difficulty in moving, having marched only one mile, but carried our corduroy to the farther verge of the swamp. On the 24th we broke camp at 5.30 a~ in. and moved easily across the low land to the more elevated country bordering on Fish IRiver. Here we found good dry roads and made rapid progress. We were detained one hour by a dash made upon the train by a small force of mounted men under Lieutenant Sibley, of the rebel army, in which one of my men was captured. I detached one company to assist in guarding and moving the train. We crossed Fish River on pon- toons about dark, and encamped one mile and a half beyond it at 9 p. m. On the 25th, at 11 a. in., we continued our march toward Blakely without interruption six miles, and encamped near the point of divergence of the various roads leading to the Tensas River. On the 26th we commenced our march on the center road, and about 10 oclock (my regiment being in the advance and two companies deployed as skirmishers) we fell in with the enemys pickets. We moved rapidl Page 169 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 169 forward for about three miles to the creek over very broken and difficult ground, when, observing indications of the enemy in force, our line was halted to allow the columns to close up. About 10 a. m. I withdrew the four companies of skirmishers and sent out two others in their place, formed my regiment in line of battle, and a gain moved forward. My skirmish line almost immediately fell in with the enemys advance and was engaged until dark. Two of my men were slightly wounded. About 8 p. m. I was again ordered forward and advanced in line of battle, preceded by two companies as skirmishers, under command of Major Boardman. About 9 oclock we drew the fire of the enemy in our front, which was vigorously returned by my skirmishers. In the advance I lost one man killed. Under orders from M~jor-Gcneral Gran- ger I remained in position on the field, and was relieved at midnight by the Forty-seventh Indiana. On the 27th we moved to our position on the left of the First Brigade in the siege operations against Span- ish Fort, having closed upon the ~nemy, and our skirmishers u command of Captain Voorhees, driving him into his uder fortifications. On the night of the 28th the enemy made an assault on our lines. Capt. J. L. Noble was near the line with a working party, when with great bravery and presence of mind he rallied his men and supported the skirmish line, driving back the enemy in great disorder. We remained in position taking an active part in the siege operations until the 30th, when we were withdrawn with our division to escort a supply train for Major-General Steele. I proceeded to ilolyoke Mills, and remained in camp there until the 2d day of April, when we were ordered forward to Blakely. I moved at 7 p. in.; marched five miles and bivouacked near Bay Minette, and at daylight on the morning of the 3d took up position in the rear of Blakely immediately on the right of General Garrards forces. Daring the operations against Blakely my regiment entered the rifle- pits on the night of the 7th at dark, but met with no casualties, although our skirmishers and working parties were very much exposed during the night when the enemy advanced upon our lines, and my whole retdment was under a severe fire from his artillery, which for two hours threw shells incessantly along our rifle-pits. My regiment was relieved at dark, and almost immediately ordered to the support of Major-General Smiths forces in the contemplated assault on Spanish Fort. I proceeded to Bay Minette and was there ordered back to my position behind Blakely, which I regained at 3 oclock on the morning of the 9th instant. My regiment, having been on duty nearly forty- eight hours, took no part in the successful assault of Blakely on that day. On the 10th of April we moved in the rear of Blakely and toward the right of our lines about four miles, where we encamped until the evening of the 11th, when we broke camp and returned to Starkes Landing, on the bay below Spanish Fort, where we arrived about 2 a. m. of the 12th, and immediately embarked on the steamer Warrior. At noon we landed at Race-Track Landing, about eight miles below Mobile, and marched to the city, where my regiment was put upon picket duty for the night. On the morning of the 13th we went into camp, and at 5 p. m. again broke camp and marched eight miles to Spring Hill, where we arrived about 10 oclock and bivouacked. I am under many obligations to the officers and men of my regiment for their soldierly conduct during the campaign. Sarg. D. W. Chase, Actg. Maj. E. Boardman, Adjt. George Crooke, Sergt. Maj. J. Dubois, and commanding officers of companies have behaved with much coolness and judgment in every engagement. To the commanding general of th Page 170 170 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA~ brigade and his staff officers, Captain Massie and Lieutenants Curtis and Kinne, I am under many obligations for their uniform kindness and courtesy. I have the honor to remain, captain, your obedient servant, S. C. VAN ANDA, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. INI. ID. MAssIE, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 16. Report of Lieut. Henry C. Hadley, Adjutant Twenty-ninth Wisconsin Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. HDQES. TWENTY-NINTH WIsCoNsIN INFANTRY VOLS., Mobile, Ala., April 20, 1865. Sin: On the afternoon of the 17th of March loaded on steamer Iber- ville and crossed over to Fort Morgan. Marched out four miles and encamped. March 18, remained in camp. March 19, started at 5.30 a. in.; marched about eight miles, forded bayou, and marched seven miles farther; camped at 4p. in. March ~O, started at 5 a. in.; marched about five miles, when it was found that we were on the wrong road; turned back; marched about three miles; struck the corduroy and went into camp. Itemained here about two hours; again struck camp; moved two miles and encamped. Had a detail to work on the roads this evening. March 21, heavy rain all day; did not move camp; worked on roads all day. March 22, broke camp and commenced march at 6 a. in.; marched nearly four miles and encamped; worked on roads the balance of the day. March 23, started at daylight; marched about two miles and encamped; corduroyed the remainder of the day. March 24, started at 7 a in.; made slow progress until 2 p. in., when the train was attacked by rebel cavalry. Two men of regiment were taken pris- oners. Crossed Fish River at 6 p. in., and camped about two miles on western side. March 25, commenced march at 2 p. in.; marched about six miles and encamped. March 26, started at 7 a. in., our regiment in rear of train. About 1 oclock ordered to the front and formed line of battle one mile distant from Spanish Fort. About all the regiment was on picket duty this evening. March 27, the picket-line was attacked early this morning. About 12 in. moved up and invested Spanish Fort, losing 1 man killed and 1 wounded on the picket-line in the evening. March 28, had fatigue party from the regiment at work building fortifi- cations all day. March 29, lay still in camp. March 30, about noon left the front; marched to the rear four miles and encamped. March 31, started at 8 a. in.; marched about seven miles to ilolyoke farm as guard to supply train for General Steele, and went into camp. April 1, remained in camp all day, doing nothing but picket duty. April 2, ordered to move at noon; had not fairly got started before the orders were countermanded. At dark ordered out again and moved about four miles toward Blakely; halted at 12 oclock for the night. April 3, at 3.30 a. in. started in light marching order to support Gen - eral Steele, whose forces were investing Blakely. Marched three miles and encamped at S a. in. April 4, remained in camp. April 5, alarm on picket-line this morning. Remained in camp all day. April 6, at 7 p. in. relieved the Eleventh Illinois Volunteers in rifle-pits; worked al Page 171 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 171 night advancing the lines. April 7, relieved from duty in the pits at 7 p. m. by Twenty-first iowa Volunteers and returned to camp. April 8, at 9 p. m. the First Brigade ordered to report to General Smith at Spanish Fort; marched about three miles and then returned to camp. Received information of the evacuation of the place. April 9, the works at Blakely were charged and captured at S p. m. The First Brigade did not participate. Received orders this evening to have five days cooked rations on hand and be in readiness to move at a moments notice. April 10, at 9 a. m. moved to the right and rear of lines about four miles and encamped. April 11, at 7 p. in. commenced march; reached Starkes Landing at 2 a. in., and immediately embarked on Gun-boat No. 41. April 12, at 10 a. m. moved across the bay, and at 12 m. landed at Magnolia Race-Course Landing, a distance of five miles below Mobile. At 3 p. in. the regiment received orders to report to the provost-marshal, and since that time has been doing duty in the city. II. C. HADLEY, Adjutant Twenty-ninth Wisconsin. Capt. M. ID. MASSIE, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. No. 17. Reports of Brig. Gen. Elias S. Dennis, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of operations March 26April 12. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST Div., 13TH ARMY CORPS, In the Field, April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following brief report of the part taken by my command in the assault on the enemys works at Blakely, Ala., April 9,1805: In the afternoon of that day I was notified by the general command- ing the division that our lines would be advanced, and an effort made to carry by assault the works on our front, 5 p. m. being the hour named. At Sp. m. my command was moved to the front. The Twenty- ninth Illinois Infantry had been occupying the advance line of rifle-pits for the preceding twenty-four hours, and the Eighth Illinois Infantry the reserve line as a support to the Twenty-ninth. Just previous to the advance being made, the Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry was with- drawn from the front line. The Eighth Illinois Infantry advanced and occupied the advance line, and at the same time the Eleventh and Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry advanced and occupied the line vacated by the Eighth, the Forty-sixth for support on the right, the Eleventh on the left. My instructions to Colonel Sheetz, commanding the Eighth, were, that as soon as the lines on his flanks commenced moving lie should move forward with them, and the Eleventh and Forty-sixth Illinois would follow at a proper distance. At the hour before named the advance commenced handsomely under a galling fire of artillery from the enemys batteries, and after gaining about half the distance were received by a withering fire of musketry from the enemys infantry concealed behind his works. In front of and running parallel with the works were several lines of abatis, and a wire was also stretched a few inches from the ground for the purpose of tripping the men; yet, notwithstanding all these obstacles, the troops pressed onward, and in less than five minutes from the time of starting the Eighth Illinois Infantry was scaling the works and going through the embra~ures Page 172 172 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. some minutes before the troops, either on the right or left, had reached them. They captured at this point quite a number of prisoners, 1 battle- flag, 1 30-pounder and 120-pounder Parrott gun, and 2 2-pounder brass howitzers in position; also 1 7-inch gun which had not yet been mounted. As soon as the Eighth Illinois had gotten inside the works I ordered Colonel Sheetz, commanding, to throw out skirmishers aud advance with his command to the river. They had proceeded but a short dis- tance when I received an order from the general commauding the divis- ion, for them to fall back, and as soon as the Eighth Illinois Infantry was seen on the enemys works I received positive orders to halt the Eleventh and Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, now 300 yards from the rebel line, and had it not been for these orders hundreds of prisoners that were captured by other commands would have fallen into my hands. Some time after this I was ordered to advance the Eighth Illinois to the river, and Colonel Sheetz, commanding, at once took possession of and placed guards over all the property at that point, consisting of artillery, muskets, mortars, a great quantity of ammiini- tion for small-arms, a magazine containing a large amount of artillery ammunition, and much other property, consisting of wagons, mules, ambulances, tents, & c. All of this property was guarded by the Eighth Illinois Infantry until 2 a. in., when my entire command was ordered by superior authority to return to camp. At the same time that the Eighth Illinois Infantry was ordered forward, I instructed Colonel Coates, commanding the Eleventh, and Colonel Dorublaser, command- ing the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, to send their respective commands through the woods in search of prisoners. These two regiments, with the exception of two companies of the Forty-sixth and one company of the Eleventh Illinois Infantry (which were engaged in guarding pris- oners and cutting a road through the rebel worhs), at once started out, and these two regiments, together with the Eighth Illinois Infantry, succeeded in capturing 264 prisoners, which were delivered to Major Lewis, provost-marshal of the division. Too much praise cannot be bestowed upon the officers and men in acknowledgment of their valu. able services on this occasion. Of Colonel Sheetz, of the Eighth illinois, I cannot say too much. He gallantly led his regiment and was among the first to mount the. parapet. Lieutenant-Colonel Wheaton,* of same regiment, gallantly performed his part, and, in company with Sergeant Switzer, of his command, entered one of the embrasures but a few seconds after the last shot had been fired from the rebel gun. Colonels Coates, of the Eleventh, and Dorubiaser, of the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, moved up with their respective commands and per- formed the part assigned them, to my entire satisfaction; and, last, though not least, I wonld speak of the enlisted men. Their eagerness to press forward was only equaled by the desire of their officers to have them do so, and though the enemy stood manfully to their works, it was impossible to resist their terrible onset. Let us shed a tear of regret over the graves of those who have fallen and have a tender care for those who still live, but suffer in their countrys cause. The above, together with the report of Colonel Sheetz, commanding the Eighth Illinois Infantry (which is inclosed I), I have the honor most respect- fully to submit for the consideration of the general commanding. ELIAS S. DENNIS, Brigadier. General, Commanding. Capt. 11. G. CURTIS, Assistant Adjutant- General. * Awarded a Medal of honor. I See p. 175 Page 173 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 173 llnQRs. SECOND BRIG., FIR ST DIV., 13TH ARMY CORPS, Mobile, Ala., April 22, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my command during the siege of Spanish Fort and Blakely, Ala.: The enemy was first encountered in any considerable force on the 26th of March in the vicinity of Spanish Fort. The lines were formed and the skirmishers advanced, which soon met the enemys line, when a lively fire at once commenced and continued through the night. Works were thrown up in our front, and troops slept on arms, with the exception of the Eleventh Illinois Infantry, which regiment was advanced about one mile to the front as a support to the skirmishers. On the 27th, the lines being formed, advanced on the enemys works, who fell back at our approach behind his fortifications, and now com- menced the investment and bombardment of Spanish Fort. My command being held as reserve in rear of First Brigade, no part of it was engaged except the skirmishers, which I furnished each alternate day. I remained in this position until the 30th, when my command moved with the division, which was ordered to the support of Major- General Steele at Blakely, Ala., which point was reached at daylight on the morning of the 3d of April. Here again my command, with the other brigades of the division, was held in reserve, and nothing of any importance occurred until April 9, 1865, when my command accompa- nied the division to Blakely, Ala., and a report of the operations at that point has already been furnished. I cannot speak in too high terms of praise of the officers and men of my command. Never did men perform a duty assigned them more nobly. The officers, at all times active and energetic, fully sustained their reputation during the campaign just closed so dearly and gloriously earned since the com- mencement of th~ war. I must especially mention Colonel Sheetz and Lieutenant-Colonel Wheaton, of the i~ighth Illinois Infantry, who gal- lantly led their men in the charge on the enemys works at Blakely, Ala., and were among the first to mount the parapet. Capt. Alva C. Bishop and Capt. Alexander Coleman both behaved with the greatest gal- lantry. The former, I do not hesitate to say, is one of the bravest and most efficient officers in the service. The latter, after receiving a dan. gerous wound which disabled him, still waved his sword in defiance and continued to cheer on his men. Sergt. John M. Switzer, Company B, Eighth Illinois Thfantry, who is among the bravest of the brave. His enthusiasm was such that he broke from the ranks,rushed forward, and, in company with Lieut. Col. Loyd Wheaton entered the erubra- sure just as the last gun was fired. The officers of my staff, from the day of leaving Fort Gaines up to the occupation of Mobile, were untir- ing in their efforts to aid me. Captain Kuhn, assistant adjutant-general, one among the best officers in the service, efficient in his office, equally so in the field, brave, cool, and determined. I could not too strongly urge his promotion. Captain Mack and Lieutenant Smith, aides-de- camp, did their whole duty, and, with Captain Kuhn, were the first at the head of the reserves to pass the fortifications at Blakely. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ELIAS S. DENNIS, Brigadier- General. Capt. It. G. CURTIS, Asst. Adjt. Gem., First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps Page 174 174 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ADDENDA. HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST Div., 13TH ARMY CoRPS, Mobile, Ala., April 22, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders from the major-general com- manding, I have the honor to submit the following brief journal, being the events of each day from the time of leaving Dauphin Island until the occupation of Mobile, Ala.: On the 17th of March marching orders were received, and in conse- quence of the limited supply of transportation my command did not embark until late in the afternoon, reaching Navy Cove at dark, where I disembarked and went into camp for the night on the beach. 18th, broke camp at 8 a. in., and moved along the Gulf beach and went into camp about four miles from Navy Cove. Had a pleasant camp and found good water in abundance. 19th, reveille sounded at 4 a. m. and the column moved at 6 a. in., and owing to the dense fog it was still dark. About 10 a. m. the fog cleared away and the sun came out bright and warm, and by 12 m. it was uncomfortably warm. Crossed Shell Bayou, which justly deserves the name from the great quantity of oyster shells here to be found. A halt was here ordered and the troops made coffee and had dinner. Went into camp at 4 p. in., having made a march of sixteen miles. 20th, reveille again sounded at 4 a. m. Column moved at 6 a. in., my command in advance. The weather bright and beautiful, men in good spirits and moved off briskly. After marching about two miles, struck the rear of General Bentons column (he having left Navy Cove one day in advance of us), took the wrong road, and after marching about four miles, discovered the fact. Returned to the old road and went into camp. Rained very hard until after dark. 21st was occupied in building corduroy across a swamp which we had to cross. 22d, reveille at 4 a. in. Column moved at 6 a. m. Made but a few miles, owing to the terrible condition of the roads. 23d, column moved at 6 a. m. Made but a short march, the roads being almost impassable. 24th, started at daylight; weather fine, but roads terrible. Reached Fish River about noon. Crossed on pontoon bridge and went into camp in rear of General A. J. Smiths corps. 25th, rations and forage were issued, which occupied all of the morning. Column started about 1 p. m. Country being more rolling, the roads were very good. Made a good march and went into camp about 5 p. in. 26th, started at 6 a. m. A march of about ten miles brought us to the neighborhood of Spanish Fort. Found the enemy in our front. Skirmishing commenced~ lines were formed and works thrown up along our front. 27th, opened with heavy skirmishing. Our lines were driven back, but rallied and retook the lost ground. Remained in camp until 12 in., when the order was given to advance on the enemys works. The enemy fell back behind his fortifications and the siege of Spanish Fort commenced in earnest. 23t1i, the skirmishing having slackened during the night previous, commenced with renewed vigor this morning, accompanied with a heavy artillery fire from both sides, which continued through the day. 29th, opened with the usual artillery and musketry fire, which continued uninterrupted through the day. 30th, position same as that of the 29th, until 12 in., when marching orders were received and my command moved with the divis- ion as escort to supply train for Major-General Steele. Encamped for the night but a few miles from the point of starting 31st, broke camp and moved to Holyoke, about five miles from Blakely. Threw up works in our front and went into camp Page 175 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 175 April 1, position same as that of yesterday. About dark heavy firing in our front. First Brigade went out, but found no enemy. 2d, still in camp. Cavalry communicated with General Steele. His supply train came in and loaded with rations. 3d, remained in camp until midnight, when we moved to Blakely, Ala., reaching that point about daylight. 4th, advanced to a point near the enemys works, where the troops bivouacked until 12 in., when we went into camp. Skirmishing and artillery firing during the afteriioon and night. 5th, in camp. The usual artillery and musketry firing through the day. 6th, position same as that of yesterday. 7th, weather cloudy, with rain. Troops busy making gabions. Artillery is being placed in position. 8th, weather continues cloudy, with rain. In the old camp. 9th, alL quiet until 5.30 p. in., when the enemys works were charged and carried. Most of the night was occupied in gathering up spoils and prisoners. Returned to camp about 2 a. in. 10th, broke camp and marched northward about five miles. Went into camp about 12 m. 11th, remained in camp until 6 p. in., when marching orders were received. After marching until 3 a. in., reached Starkes Landing on the bay; embarked on steamers and anchored in the bay until morning. 12th, under convoy of six war ves- sels, got nuder way, steamed across the bay and landed at Catfish Point, about three miles below Mobile. Troops disembarked and started for the city. After proceeding but a short distance, met the mayor and committee with flag of truce, and, on a demand from the general com- manding, a formal surrender of the city was made. The Eighth Illinois Infantry advanced and took possession of the town; remaining troops encamped in the suburbs. The enemys cavalry, having made a dash in the city, capturing several men, my command was ordered to occupy the enemys old line of works on the west side of the city. The above is a brief sketch of the events of each day from the 17th day of March, 1865, until the 12th day of April, 1865, I have the honor most respect- fully to submit. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ELIAS S. DENNIS, Capt. 11. G. CuRTIs Brigadier-General. Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, Thirteenth Army Gorps. No. 18. Reports of Col. Josiah A. Sheetz, Eighth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 26April 12. IIDQR5. EIGHTH ILLINOIS VETERAN VOL. INFANTRY, In the Field, April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my command in the assault on the works at Blakely on the evening of the 9th instant, viz: In accordance with orders from Brigadier-General Dennis, command- ing the brigade, my regiment took position in the rifie.pits of the skir- mish line in our extreme front, the men deployed in one rank, covering a front of about 400 yards, and distant from the enemy about 600 yards. In accordance with previous instructions, as soon as the troops on my left advanced I advanced my entire line under a very severe fire from the enemys artillery and infantry. To reach the enemys works it was Page 176 176 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W FLA. necessary to cross three distinct lines of abatis, situated, respectively, at about 300 yards, 250 yards, and 100 yards from the enemys works. At the second line of abatis there were a number of disconnected pits or trenches filled with the enemys skirmishers. These pits were carried and the skirmishers killed or captured. Between the lines of abatis were drawn lines of wire parallel with the enemys works. The lines of abatis were passed either by springing over them or drawing portions of the line to one side. During this time the enemy received us with a direct fire from four pieces of artillery, viz, one 30-pounder Parrott, one 10-pounder Parrott, and two 12-pounder howitzers, rapidly served with shell and canister. The infantry posted behind their works kept up a galling fire of musketry. From the salient of the enemys works on our right a constant fire of artillery was kept np from a number of pieces, the number and caliber of which I am unable to state, as I did not visit that portion of the line. In about five minutes after the charge commenced my line ascended the parapet of the enemys works, cap- turing the four pieces of artillery and quite a number of infantry. The advance of my line, which was somewhat irregular from the difficult nature of the ground, entered the enemy~s works at least two minutes before the troops either upon my right or left effected a lodgment. Lient. Col. Loyd Wheaton and Sergt. John M. Switzer, Company B, entering the embrasure at the 30:pounder, were the first of my command to enter the enemys works. As soon as my command had carried the works in my front I reformed my line, throwing skirmishers forward to the river-bank, and, soon after, under instructions from Brigadier-General Dennis, I marched my com- mand to the landing at the river, taking possession of three 9-inch guns, two Coehorn mortars, a number of arm chests full of muskets, many thousand rounds of ammunition for small-arms, and a magazine con- taining a vast quantity of ammunition for heavy guns. Much property, consisting of mules, wagons, tents, & c., was also captured, an inventory of which was taken by Captain Kuhn, assistant adjutant-general of the brigade. My loss during the charge was 10 killed and 54 wounded, a list of which casualties has already been forwarded. Among the se- verely wounded was Capt. Alexander Coleman, Company F, who after having been brought to the ground waved his sword and continued to cheer his men on. Lieutenants Sanderson, Company G; Potter, Com- pany II, and llarrington, Company If, were among the severely wounded. The conduct of the entire command was highly gratifying. I desire to especially mention the conduct of Lient. Col. Loyd Wheaton and Sergt. John M. Switzer, Company B, who behaved throughout with much gallantry, and were the first to gain the parapet of the enemys works. 1 have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOSIAH A. SIIEETZ, Colonel Eighth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry, Commanding. Capt. WILLIAM E. KUHN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. MOBILE, ALA., April 22, 18G5. Report of operations at Spanish Fort and Blakely, Ala.: On the 26th day of March, 1865, at 4 p. in., my command was ordered by Brigadier-General Dennis to a position in line of battle about one mile and a half from Spanish Fort. Skirmishers were thrown forward, with orders to move in a line with skirmishers on my left. After dar Page 177 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 177 my skirmish line had reached a point far in advance of the position held by the regiment, and exchanged a few shots with the enemy. Dur- ing the night intrenchments were thrown np along the front of my line. At 11 a. m. of the 27th the regiment marched to a position near the left of the lin6 of investment. Here, during the 27th, 28th, and 29th, my command remained, furnishing details for fatigne dnty in the trenches. On the 28th had 1 man killed and 3 wounded while at work on the for- tifications. On the 30th of March, at 1 oclock, marched to the rear on the Blakely road with four days rations. At Blakely at 7 a. m. on the 3d day of April, 1865, my command was marched to a position near the left of the line of investment. At noon went into camp. The 4th of April was spent quietly in camp. At 11 p. in., by direction of Brigadier-General Dennis, I marched my command to a position on the skirmish line and there intrenched. Dnring the following day my skir- mishers kept up a lively fire upon the enemys gunners. April 6 and 7 were passed in camp. At 7 p. m. April 8. my command was again ordered to the skirmish line by the brigade commander. .During the night and until 5 oclock of the following day my regiment was engaged in skirmishing and extending the saps toward the enemys works. At 5.30 oclock, in accordance with instructions from Brigadier-General Dennis, commanding the brigade, my regiment took position in the ride-pits of the skirmish line in onr extreme front, the men deployed in one rank, covering a front of 400 yards, distant from the enemy about 600 yards. In accordance with previous instructions, as soon as the troops npon the left of my line advanced, my entire command [moved forward] under a very severe fire from the enemys artillery and infantry. To reach the enemys works it was necessary to cross three distinct lines of abatis, situated, respectively, 300, 250, and 100 yards from the enemys works. At the second line of abatis there were a number of disconnected pits or trenches filled with the enemys skirmishers. These pits were carried and the -skirmishers killed or captnred. Between the lines of abatis were drawn lines of wire run- ning parallel with enemys works. The lines of abatis were passed either by springing over them or by drawing portions of the line to one side. Du~ing this time the enemy received us with a direct fire from four pieces of artillery, viz, one 30-pounder Parrott, one 10-pounder, and two 12-pounder howitzers, rapidly served with shell and canister. The infantry posted behind their works kept up a galling fire of mus- ketry. From the salient of the enemys works on our right a constant fire of artillery was kept up from a number of pieces, the namber and caliber of which I am unable to state, as I did not visit that portion of the line. In about five minutes after the charge commenced my line ascended the parapet of the enemys works, capturing the four pieces of artillery and [quite a number of] infantry. The advance of my line, which was somewhat irregular from the nature of the ground, entered the enemys works at least two minutes before the troops upon my right or left effected a lodgment. Lieut. Col. Loyd Wheaton and Ser- geant Switzer, Company B, entering the embrasure at the 30-pounder Parrott, were the first of my command to enter the enemy~s works. As soon as my command had carried the works in my front I reformed my line, throwing skirmishers forward to the river-bank, and, soon after, under instructions from Brigadier-General Dennis, I marched to the landing at the river, taking possession of three 9-inch guns, two Coe. horn mortars, a number of arm chests full of muskets~ many thousand rounds of ammunition for small-arms, and a magazine containing a 12 B BVOL XLIX~ PT Page 178 178 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. vast quantity of ammunition for heavy artillery. Much property, con- sisting of mules, wagons, tents, & c., was also captured, an inventory of which was taken by Captain Kuhn, assistant adjutant-general of the brigade. My loss during the charge was 10 killed and 54 wounded, a list of whom has already been forwarded. Among the severely wounded was Capt. Alexander Coleman, Company F, who after having been brought to the ground continued to wave his sword and cheer his men on. Lieutenants Sanderson, Company G; Potter, Company II; Harrington, Company F, were among the severely wounded. The con- duct of the entire command was highly gratifying. I desire to espe- cially mention the conduct of Lieut. Col. Loyd Wheaton and Sergt. John M. Switzer, Company B, who behaved throughout with much gallantry, and were the first to gain the parapet of the enemys works. JOSIAH A. SIIIEETZ, Colonel, Commanding Eighth illinois Infantry. A DDENDA. Journal of march from Dauphin Island, Ala., to Mobile, Ala. MOBILE, ALA., April 22, 1865. The regiment left Fort Gaines about 4p. m. on the 17th day of March, 1865, on board the steamer Swaim, and landed at Navy Cove at dark. March 18.Left Navy Cove at 8 a. in.; marched four miles and at noon halted and camped. March 19.Broke camp at 6 a. in.; marched ten miles and camped. At noon waded a small arm of the bay about seventy-five yards wide. March 20.Marched at 4 a. m. At a distance of three miles caine to a swamp. Endeavored to shun it by making a detour to the right. Marched about four miles and returned, having found no passage in that direction. Went into camp about noon. A heavy detail was made to aid in constructing corduroy road through swamp. March 21.Rain through last night and until noon to-day. Large parties detailed to work on corduroy roads. March 22.At daylight moved from camp. Throughout the day found the roads nearly impassable, owing to the nature of the soil and recent rains. The entire regiment was employed in assisting the wagons through the heavy places and in repairing roads. Only about four miles distance made to-day. March 23.Roads continue heavy. Great labor required on the part of the infantry to get the trains along. Marched about two miles and went into camp at noon. March 24.Marched at daylight. Roads much better, country higher and hilly. Passed through a region where much turpentine had been made. At 1 p. m. reached Fish River; crossed river and camped about two miles beyond. Distance marched, about seven miles. March 25.Moved from camp at 1 p. in.; marched eight miles and camped. Roads good, weather clear. March 26.Started at 7 a. in.; marched about eight miles and camped about one mile and a half from Spanish Fort. Advance exchanged a few shots with the enemy here. During the night intrenched. March 27.The troops moved up toward the fort, and some severe skirmishing ensued, with much artillery firing. At 11 a. m. the regi- ment marched toward the left of the line of iuvestment. Rain until dark. March 28.Our skirmish line closely engaged through the day. Fatigue parties at work on the trenches, & c. Much shelling from the enemy Page 179 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 179 March 29.Skirmishing and artillery practice severe all day. Heavy fatigue parties in the works. At dark 1 man killed and 3 wounded of the regiment while engaged in throwing up earthworks for a battery. Late at night the enemy attempted to drive in or capture the pickets in front of this division. March 30.At 1 p. m. marched with four days rations to the rear. At a distance of three miles camped for the night. March 31.Left camp at 7 a. m. and marched on the road leading to Blakely via head of DOlives Bay. At a distance of about seven miles halted and threw np intrenchments in front of line. This at noon. April 1.Remained in camp during the day. April 2.A supply train from General Steeles army came in this evening, and after having been loaded with subsistence stores returned to Blakely. April 3.At midnight last night broke camp and proceeded to the neighborhood of General Steeles lines near Blakely, distance about five miles. At 9 a. m. marched to a position near the left. At noon went into camp a short distance to the rear of the line of intrenchments. April 4.Quietly in camp during the day. At 11 p. m. were ordered to the front to a position on the skirmish line, and there intrenched. April 5 was passed in the trenches and rifle-pits. One man wounded during the day. At 9 p. m. were relieved, and returned to camp. April 6.In camp all day. April 7.In camp all day. Rain in the afternoon. April 8.In camp all day. At 7 p. m. ordered to the trenches and skirmish line. Engaged throughout the night in the works. April 9.In the trenches during the day, skirmishing and extending the saps. At noon the colonel commanding was instructed to keep a sharp watch of the lines on the left, and to keep advanced with them. At 5.30 p. m. he was ordered to move forward and assault the works of the enemy in the immediate front of the regiment. The assault was made promptly at the order, and successfully executed. In this 10 men were killed and 54 wounded. The distance charged over was about 600 yards, and occupied, it seemed, about five minutes. Four pieces of artillery were in our front and were captured, besides a large number of prisoners. After clearing the enemys works the regiment proceeded to the landing, and, under orders from the brigade commander, took possession of and placed guards over a vast amount of ordnance and other stores. At midnight the regiment marched out of Blakely and returned to the camp. April 10.About 9 a. m. marched in a northerly direction four miles, and at noon went into camp. April 11.In camp all day. At dark broke camp, and returning, marched on the military road from Blakely to Spanish Fort, and thence to landing below Spanish Fort, a distance of about ten miles, arriving at landing at 2 a. m. of the 12th. April 12.At 3 a. m. marched on board transport Lawrence, and at 7 oclock sailed across the bay to a point of land about four miles from Mobile City. The regiment was the first to land. After forming in line, and after the arrival of other troops, proceeded toward the city, entering the same about noon. JOSIAH A. SHEETZ, Colonel, Commanding Eighth Legiment illinois infantry Page 180 180 KY., s. w. VA., TENTh, N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. ~LA. No. 19. Rejport8 of Got. James 11. Goates, Eleventh Illinois Infantry, of oper ations liiliarch 26April 12. HEADQUARTERS ELEVENTh ILLINOIS iNFANTRY, In the Field, March 30, 1865. CAPTAIN: In reply to your communication of this a. in., I have the honor to respectfully report that a detachment of this regiment, con- sisting of Companies A, B, C, and D, the whole under the command of senior Capt. S. Bostwick, were ordered to relieve a detachment of five companies of this regiment, consisting of Companies E, G, H, I, and K, the whole commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Kenyon, and the former detachment took possession of the rifle-pits of this brigade at about 12 in. 29th instant. Whilst taking our position and during the afternoon the enemys sharpshooters kept up a severe fire from small pits and the base of the works of the enemy. After dark Captain Bostwick, com- manding, caused vedettes to be placed at intervals in front of his sharp- shooters. At about midnight, 29th, the enemy advanced with a yell, striking the works to onr left, first advancing to within thirty or forty feet of our pits, where they were repulsed and retired to their works, keeping up, however, a severe fire during the night. After the enemy had retired vedettes were again posted as before and remained there until relieved by a detachment of the Forty-seventh Indiana Infantry. No man of our command left the pits at any time with the exception of a messen- ger, who was sent to regimental headquarters by Captain Bostwick. The casualties were slight, the only one being Private Wright, Com- pany A, severely wounded in the knee. Respectfully, J~AS. H. COATES, Golonel Eleventh Illinois Infantry. Capt. W. E. KUHN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., & cond Brig., First Div., 13th Army Gorps, HEADQUARTERS ELEVENTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY, Mobile, Ala., April 20, 1865. CAPTAIN: In pursuance to the requirements of circular from your headquarters of 18th instant, I have the honor to respectfully present the following report of operations by them (Eleventh Illinois Infantry) around Spanish Fort and Blakely: March 26, after crossing DOlives Creek formed line of battle and deployed skirmish line, and at about dark advanced the skirmish line, supported by six companies of the regiment (as two companies were left in camp to build breast-works). Halted the command, thre wup breast-works of logs, & c., and remained in line during the night, and at daylight the enemy opened a vigorous fire on the line on our immedi- ate left. ~Drove in their skirmish line. I moved my command back sufficiently to protect my left flank, and when assured of a good posi- tion opened on the enemy with a brisk fire, they (the enemy) falling back, and my command quickly and steadily following them. I was desirous of gaining possession of a rise of ground in our front, but at about this time I received peremptory orders not to move farther than my breast-works, consequently I did not proceed any farther, but remained there without further opposition until about 10 a. in., when Page 181 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 181 was relieved by the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, Colonel iDorublaser. Moved back to camp. March 27, at about noon received orders to move forward with balance of the division. Took up our position and assisted at the investment of Spanish Fort. In this encounter had three men slightly wounded. March 28, had six companies, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Kenyon, on duty in the pits; advanced the line and was engaged in continual skirmishing with the skirmishers of the enemy. Had two men slightly wounded. March 29, relieved the six companies by the remaining four companies of my command, under command of Capt. S. Bostwick, Company E, and upon this evening the enemy made a dash on our line, but were handsomely repulsed. Had three men slightly wounded. April 5, were assigned position on the right of General Garrards division in the investment of Blakely. Relieved a portion of General Garrards line; remained in the rifle-pits with the whole regiment for twenty-seven hours; advanced the rifle-pits about 100 yards; sharp skirmishing continually. On the afternoon of April 9 received orders to move up to the works and to support the Eighth Illinois Infantry (who were the skirmish line of the brigade front) on the left, with orders that when the reserve of General Garrards line advanced for me to also advance. Consequently at about 6 p. m. the whole line advanced, my regiment being within supporting distance of the line of the Eighth Illinois Infantry, Colonel Sheetz, and advancing in line of battle, and in this formation reached the works of the enemy, where, upon orders, I halted and stacked arms, remaining there for about an hour, when the regiment advanced through the timber to the river to pick up prison- ers trying to escape. I have no casualties to report in this charge. I could not consistently close this report, however, without referring in terms of highest praise to all officers and men of my command for the manner in which they performed their various duties during this campaign. Respectfully, JAS. II. COATES, Colonel Eleventh Illinois Infantry. Capt. W. E. KUHN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., & cond Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. ADDENDA. HEADQUARTERS ELEVENTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY, Mobile, Ala., April 20, 1865. CAPTAIN :- In pursuance to the requirements of circular from your headquarters of date 18th instant, I have the honor to respectfully present the following journal: March 17, 1865, embarked on transport Thomas at IDauphin Island, and on the evening of the same day went into camp at Navy Cove. March 18, marched out four miles, joined the First Brigade, and went into camp. March 19, marched about fifteen miles; crossed Shell Point Bayou and camped. March 20, marched about four miles; discovered that we were on the wrong road; returned, went into camp about 12 in., and commenced building roads. March 21, remained in camp, occu- pied in building roads. March 22, marched about four miles; went into camp. March 23, marched about five miles and had details build- ing roads. March 24, marched to Dannellys Mills, on. Fish River (six miles). Went into camp at 2 p. m. March 25, issued yations. Moved out at ip. m. Marched about six miles and went into camp. Marc Page 182 182 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. 26, moved out at 7 a. m. Marched about seven miles, and when near DOlives Creek formed line of battle and commenced throwing up breast-works. March 27, assisted at the investment of Spanish Fort. March 28, remained in same position, with exceptions as given in report of operations around Spanish Fort and Blakely. March 29, occupied the same camp. March 30, accompanied the division as guard for supply train for General Steele. March 31, moved out as guard to train to ilolyoke; threw up works and went into camp. April 1, camp at Holyoke remained unchanged. April 2, moved at about midnight toward Blakely. April 3, went into camp at or near Blakely. April 4, in camp at same place. Regimental teams came up this day. April 5, relieved a portion of General Garrards line and advanced the line about 100 yards. The entire regiment on duty for twenty-four hours. April 6,in the rifle-pits during the day. Relieved at 9 p. m. April 7, remained in the old camp. Made 116 gabions. April 8, remained in old camp. April 9, charge of Blakely (respect- fully referred to accompanying report).* April 10, moved out about five miles and went into camp. April 11, remained in camp until about 8p. in., when marched to Starkes Landing. Embarked on transport Planter. April 12, about 7 a. m. started in company with the other transports and at about 12 m. arrived at Catfish Point, disembarked, and after considerable delay in finding suitable camping ground finally, at about midnight, got into camp at our present location. Respectfully, J~AS. H. COATES, Colonel Eleventh Illinois Infantry. Capt. W. E. KUHN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. No. 20. Journal of the Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, Col. Benjamin Dornblaser commanding, March 17April 12. Journal of the Forty-sixth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry from the time of leaving Dauphin Island, Ala., March 17, 1865, until the occupation of Mobile, Ala., April 12, 1865: Friday, March 17, 1865.Received orders to hold the regiment in readiness to embark at a moments notice. At 2 oclock moved out of camp to Fort Gaines, embarking on steamers Mustang, Starlight, and Tamaulipas, and steamed across the bay to Navy Cove, on the eastern shore; disembarked and bivouacked for the night. Saturday, l8th.Marched at 7 a. m. in an easterly direction four miles and encamped. Sunday, l9th.Marched at 6 a. m. in a northeast direction about six- teen miles; crossed an arm of the bay, where the men were obliged to wade in water nearly to their waists. The column halted at dark and bivouacked for the night. Monday, 2Oth.Marched at 6 a. in.; after moving nearly eight miles reached Perdido Bay, and being unable to cross it were ordered to a right-about, marched back over the same road three miles and encamped. *Seep. 180 Page 183 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 183 Tuesday, 2lst.iRemained in camp through the day, sending out heavy details to construct corduroy roads across a swamp we were obliged to cross. Ordered to march at 5 a. m. Wednesday, 2~d.Moved out at 5.30 a. m. Made four miles over corduroy roads through the swamp and encamped at 9 p. m. Details have been busy throughout the day extricating teams that were mired. Furnished one company (E) for picket guard. Thursday, 23d.Moved at daylight over better roads. Halted about 1 p. m. and encamped. Furnished a fatigue party to go in advance and construct more corduroy roads. Ordered to march at daylight, 24th instant. Friday, 24th.Marched at daylight. Marched steadily all day over very good roads. Reached Fish River at 2 p. in.; crossed on pontoon bridge and encamped on the north bank, about two miles from Fish River. Drew rations, & c. Saturday, 25th.At 11 a. m. received orders to be in readiness to move at a moments notice. Marched at 1 p. m. in a northern direction, our regiment leading the brigade and the brigade the corps. Encamped at dark. Furnished 200 men for picket. Sunday, 26th.Marched at 8.45 a. in. over good roads, our regiment in rear of brigade and teams. The right wing ordered forward about 3 p. in.; the left wing left with teams of the division. The advance of. our brigade skirmishing with the enemy. At dark the regiment was assigned its position and ordered to throw np intrenchments, which was speedily done. Monday, 27th.The regiment, with the exception of B and K, relieved the Eighth Illinois on picket. At 11 a. m. the whole line advanced and drove the enemy into their works in front of Spanish Fort without serious opposition. Tuesday, 28th.At 7 p. m. regiment ordered to the rear to do picket duty near General Grangers headquarters. Occupied our works of the night previous. Wednesday, 29th.Remained quietly in camp doing picket and guard duty. Thursday, 3Oth.Received orders at 4 p. m. to rejoin our brigade, then moving out on the road toward right of our lines. Orders counter- manded, and the regiment will move at daylight to-morrow to where the regimental trains of the division are parked, and guard the same until further orders. Friday, 3lst.Marched at daylight four miles and encamped. Pick- eted our front. Saturday, April 1.Remained quietly in camp. Had inspection and drill in the afternoon. Sent two companies (B and G) to guard a sup- ply train to General Veatch at Holyoke. Sunday, ijd.Remained in camp. Furnished picket guard of one commissioned officer and fifty men. Monday, 3d.At 5 a. in. furnished three companies (E, K, and D )for escort to a supply train to General Steele, Major Clingman in command. Tuesday, 4th.Received orders from General Canby to rejoin our brigade at or near Sibleys Mills, escorting a supply train to General Veatch. Arrived at Sibleys Mills at 5 p. in.; crossed the creek and rejoined our command. Wednesday, 5th.Received orders to relieve the Eighth Illinois Infan- try at 7 p. in., who were on picket duty in the front. Moved out in accordance with orders and relieved the Eighth Illinois. Received instructions to advance the skirmish line and intrench. Our line was ~dva~ced withor~t serious opposition; saps were immediately co Page 184 184 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. menced leading to the advanced line, rifie.pits thrown up, and the line connected with the regiments to the right and left of us. The enemy shelled our line occasionally during the night. Thursday, Gth.At about 4 a. m. the rebels made a charge, attempt- ing to push in our skirmishers. The line was immediately strengthened from the reserves, and their effort was successfully resisted. Private Andrew W. Hess, Company B, was mortally wounded by a fragment of shell at this time. During the day the usual picket-firing was con- tinued, with no loss to the regiment. At 7 p. m. the regiment was relieved by the Forty-seventh Indiana and proceeded to camp. Friday, 7th.Remained in camp. Ordered to set our whole effective force at work constructing gabions, which was done. & ~turday, Sth.Iu camp. Received orders to furnish four commis- sioned officers and 100 men, armed and equipped for fatigue duty, to report at 7 p. m. Detail furnished, Captain Pike in command. AS~unday, 9th.Received orders to move out and occupy the trenches that the Eighth Illinois Volunteers were occupying, and in case of a charge to support that regiment. The regiment moved at 4 ocl~ck,in accordance with orders, and took the position assigned it in support of the Eighth Illinois. At 5 oclock the Eighth Illinois charged the rebel skirmishers, driving them steadily. The regiment moved out of the trenches and forward in line of battle in conjunction with the Eleventh illinois and in support of the Eighth. The men moved forward rapidly over abatis for three-quarters of a mile and soon gained the rebel works. Reformed our line and deployed as skirmishers through the timber to the river in search of prisoners, of whom several were found. Monday, lOth.Ordered to proceed to our camp of the day previous; reached the same at 3 a. m. At 9 a. m. moved about four miles in a northeast direction and encamped. Tuesday, llth.At 7.30 p. m. broke camp and marched all night in the direction of Starkes Landing. Wednesday, l2th.Arrived at Starkes Landing at 4a.m. and embarked on steamers Warrior and Planter, and steamed up the bay, reaching Catfish Point at 4 p. m. Disembarked immediately and marched to the rebel works southwest of the city of Mobile. Ordered to encamp for the night. At 9 p. m. were ordered forward again; were ready in five minutes, and marched through the city to the northeast of same and encamped at 11.30 p. m. near the Spring Hill road. Respectfully, your obedient servant, B. DORNBLASER, Colonel, Commanding Regiment. No. 21. 1i~eports of Lieut. Col. William B. Kinsey, One hundred and sixty-first New York Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations March 17April 12. HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FIRST Div., 13TH ARMY Coups, Mobile, Ala., A 13, 1865. Sin: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of the Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in the siege of Spanish Fort: On the 20th of March, at 3 p. in., the Third Brigade was placed in position as a supporting line, or reserve, in the rear of the line of bat- tle of the First and Second Brigades, First Division, which was the Page 185 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 185 one mile from Spanish Fort. The command remained in this position until 6 p. in., when I received orders to send to the front 200 men as skirmishers, which were sent from the Twenty-third Wisconsin Volun- teers, and deployed on the left of the skirmish line of the First Brigade. Five companies of the Twenty-ninth Illinois Veteran Volunteers were soon after sent out to the right of the First Division line of skirmishers, and the One hundred and sixty-first New York Volunteers was sent to the front to relieve the Ninety-ninth Illinois Volunteers, of the First Brigade, which was supporting the skirmish line. These dispositions being made, no change took place until the following morning, when an advance on the works of Spanish Fort was ordered. I collected my scattered command and formed in line on the left of the First Brigade, my left resting near Wadsworths house. A line of skirmishers was deployed in front and moved forward from this position, wheeling to the right, and at 12 m. the brigade was in a position 1,200 yards from Spanish Fort. The brigade remained in this position until the 28th, when I advanced the line 200 yards and had works constructed in front. I remained in this last position until the 30th of March. The brigade did a great deal of duty as skirmishers and fatigue duty in the rifle- pits before Spanish Fort. The loss was 4 killed and 22 wounded. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. B. KINSEY, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Capt. II. G. CURTIS, Assistant Adjutant- General. llIxns. THIRD BRIG., FIRST Div., 13TH ARMY CORPS, Mobile, Ala., April 13, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper. ations and losses of the Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in the siege of Blakely: On the morning of the 3d of April, after marching from Holyoke, I was ordered to place the Third Brigade in position on the left of a line to be occupied by the First Division, my left to extend to Minette Bay. I deployed skirmishers to examine the ground in the vicinity of the rebel works in front of the position I was ordered to occupy. Before the command was placed in positiou the order to move to the front was countermanded, and I was ordered to move to the rear and bivouac as a reserve, which I accordingly did near and east of Sibleys house, and remained in this position until April 5, at 9 p. ni., when the brigade in light marching order moved around to the extreme right of the line investing the rebel works, to support Brigadier-General Hawkins division. I was ordered back to camp near Sibleys house at daylight of the following morning. On the 7th, 8th, and 9th of April the entire command was on fatigne duty in the trenches and skirmish duty. On the 9th I was ordered to move my command to the front and take up a l)OsitiOn in rear of the Second Brigade, First I)mvision, Thirteenth Army Corps, to support it in the charge which was to be made by our troops, and which was made at 6 p. in., resulting in the capture of the rebel works. The Third Brigade lost 2 killed and 6 wounded at Blakely. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. B. KINSEY, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commandin~j. Capt. It. G. CURTIS, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 186 186 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ADDENDA. Journal of march of the Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, from Dauphin Island, Ala., to Mobile, Ala., commencing on the 17th day of March, 1865, and ending on the 12th day of April, 1865. MOBILE, ALA., April 13, 1865. March 17.In accordance with orders received at 5 p. m. from Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch, commanding First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, the Third Brigade broke camp and immediately embarked upon transports for Navy Cove. March 18.At 2 oclock this morning the brigade landed at Navy Cove and bivouacked on the beach. At 9 a. m. the brigade was formed into line, marched ont four miles on the Gulf shore road, and went into camp on the sand hills near the Gulf. The Thirtieth Missouri Regi. ment, which had been left on fatigue duty at the pier, rejoined the brigade in the afternoon. 1liliarch 19.Reveille at 4 a. in.; line formed at 7 a. in., and marched in ~n easterly direction on the telegraph road leading to iDannellys Mills. At 12 m. the brigade forded the Little Lagoon and halted for one hour until the wagon train had crossed. Bivouacked at night twelve miles from the bivouac of the night previous. One company of the Twenty- ninth Illinois Volunteers was sent out on picket duty. March 20.The brigade resumed its march at 6 a. in., and after pro- ceeding seven miles the head of the column came to a swamp through which the road was impassable for the trains and artillery. Here I received orders to bivouac and send forward a fatigue party of 200 men with the proper tools to repair the road and bridges. A heavy rain began to fall soon after going into camp. March 21.The rain continues. Fatigue parties still at work on the road. At 3 p. m. the rain ceased. March 22.The brigade struck tents and moved at sunrise. After marching two miles the roads were found to be impassable for the heavily loaded train, and I received orders from Brig. Gen. James C. \Teatch to detail a sufficient number of men to help it throngh. Arms were stacked and the brigade deployed out along the road for a dis- tance of two miles building corduroy roads, lifting wagons out of the quicksand, and pushing them forward. At 8 p. m. went into bivouac four miles from the point of starting in the morning. March 23.At 6 a. m. my brigade moved forward two miles and halted. At this point rations were issued to the command, and as soon as this was done it moved forward two miles more over a very bad road. Here I encamped, and the entire brigade was detailed for fatigue duty to corduroy the road, so as to enable the trains to pass over it. By 12 p. m. this work was accomplished. March 24.The brigade marched at 5.30 a. m. along the North Branch of Fish River in the direction of Dannellys Mills and found the roads very good. At 12 m. we crossed Fish River by means of a pontoon bridge and encamped two miles north of the point of crossing. Had good camping ground on a high, dry ridge. Weather very fine. March 25.At 1 p. m. I received orders to prepare to move, also orders to send the Thirtieth Missouri Volunteers to report to Major- General Granger, to remain at the Fish River on guard duty. Marched at 2 p. m. in the rear of the Second Brigade, First Division, in a north- erly direction, and after proceeding four miles went into bivouac at Op. m Page 187 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 187 March 26.I received orders to be ready to move at daylight, but did not march until 8 a. in., and then in the rear of the Second Brigade. The march was very slow and irregular, but the road was good except at the crossing of two streams, the banks of which were very high and caused much delay in getting the trains across. Marched eight miles. At 3 p. m. I came up with the First and Second Brigades, First iDivis- ion, and found them in line of battle with a skirmish line covering the front, which was engaged with the enemy. I was ordered into position in the rear of the above-mentioned brigades as a reserve or supporting line, parallel with and 100 paces in rear of the front line. The brigade remained in this position until 6 p. in., when I received orders from Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch to send out 200 men to the left of the skirmish line of the First Brigade to extend the line to LDOlives Bridge and connect with Colonel Bertrams line. Six companies of the Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteers were accordingly sent. I soon after- ward was ordered to send a regiment to the front to relieve the Ninety. ninth Illinois Volunteers, which was on duty supporting the skirmish line of the First Brigade, and the One hundred and sixty-first New York Volunteers were sent forward. At 10 p. m. five companies of the Twenty.ninth Illinois Volunteers were ordered out to the extreme right of the line of the First Division to connect it with the line of Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. March 27.I received orders to be ready to move at daybreak, as an advance was contemplated. In compliance with these orders I collected the different detachments of the brigade and formed in line, the left of the brigade resting near and in front of the Wadsworth house, on the ridge near IDOlives Bridge. A line of skirmishers was deployed in front, the right of the line connecting with the left of a line which had been deployed from the First Brigade, First Division, and my left rest- ing on DOlives Creek. These dispositions having been made, Brig. Gen. J. C. Veatch ordered me to move my command forward, which I accordingly did, over very rough and broken ground. After moving half a mile to the front the skirmish line came out to the clearing in front of the works of Spanish Fort, and were warmly engaged with the enemys skirmishers. I pushed forward the skirmish line and moved the command forward to a position under cover of a ravine, 1,200 yards from the main rebel works. I here halted and reported to the general commanding that the right of my brigade was up with and connecting with the left of the line of battle of the First Brigade, First Division, and m~ left in close proximity to and connecting with the right of Colonel Bertrams brigade, which filled up the interval between the left of the Third Brigade and the Bay of Mobile. I received orders to remain in this position. The skirmish line of my brigade was with- drawn at dark, as they and the skirmishers of Colonel Bertrams brigade were occupying the same line. Two men of the One hundred and sixty-first New York Volunteers were wounded in line, and two of the Twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteers by a shell while in camp. At 10 ~: in. a fatigue party of 150 men was sent to the front line to throw up rifle-pits. March 28.In obedience to orders from headquarters First Division to send a regiment to report to Colonel Wilson to repair the road and bridges leading to Starkes Landing, the One hundred and sixty-first New York Volunteers, Maj. Willis E. Craig commanding, was ordered to report for said duty. At 7 p. in. the Twenty-third Wisconsin Volun. teers was sent out to the front on skirmish duty to relieve the Twenty- third Iowa, of Colonel Bertrams brigade. The Twenty-ninth Illinoi Page 188 188 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Volunteers was moved forward 200 yards, and a line of strong works thrown up sufficient to cover their front, the left connecting with a line of works previously constructed by Colonel Bertrams brigade. One man of the Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteers was slightly wounded to-day by a piece of shell. March 29.The Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteers was relieved at daybreak by a regiment of Colonel Bertrams brigade. The Twenty- third Wisconsin, on returning from the front line, was placed in posi- tion on the right of and in line with the Twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteers and works constructed to cover their front. At 7 p. m. the Twenty- ninth Illinois Volunteers was detailed and sent to the front as skir- mishers. At 10 p. m. the enemy made an attack upon the skirmish line, but were repulsed. The casualties of the day in the brigade were 4 killed and 14 wounded. March 30.The command suffered considerably to-day from the explo- sion of shells thrown by the enemy over and into the camp and front line of rifle-pits. Three men of the Twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteers were seriously wounded while in the front line of works by shells. At 6 p. m. orders were received to withdraw the Third Brigade from the works, and at 7 p. m. the brigade was relieved by a brigade from the Sixteenth Army Corps. Four days rations were issued, and the com- mand then marched three miles to the rear and right and bivouacked with the First and Second Brigades, which had moved out from the works at an earlier hour of the day. March 31.Reveille at daybreak. The command marched at 7 a. m. in the rear of and guarding a train loaded with supplies for Major- General Steeles command. After marching six miles went into bivouac and threw up works at Holyoke. April 1 and 2.Remained in same camp. April 3.At 1 a. m. I formed the line and marched in the direction of Blakely; crossed Bayou Minette near Sibleys Mills, and reached a point one mile from Blakely at 5 a. m. Here I halted on the road and remained there until 9 a. in., when I was ordered by Brigadier-General Veatch to move the brigade to the front and left and take up a position with my right connecting with the left of the Second Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, my left to rest on or near Bayou Minette. By my orders two companies of the Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteers were deployed as skirmishers to examine the ground, but before the brigade was placed in position selected I received orders to move to the rear and bivouac as a reserve, the Second Division of the Sixteenth Army Corps, Brigadier-General Garrard commanding, having been ordered into the position previously assigned to the First Division. The Third Brigade camped on the road near Sibleys house, one mile from the rebel works. April 4.Remained in camp. The Thirtieth Missonri Volunteers reported for duty with the brigade. April 5.At 9 p. in., in compliance with orders from headquarters First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, the brigade, in light marching order, reported to General Hawkins, commanding a division of colored troops, which was posted on the extreme right of the line. The bri- gade was placed in position in the rear of Brigadier-General Hawkins line to support his command in case of an attack, but none was made. April G.The brigade was relieved at daylight and marched back to camp, where we arrived at 6 a. m. April 7.A wet, cold morning. The Thirtieth Missouri Volunteers was detailed to make gabions. Two hundred and fifty men of th Page 189 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 189 Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteers were sent to the right of the line to construct a battery, and 100 of the Twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteers were sent to work in the trenches occupied by the First Brigade, First Division. April 8.The detail sent out on fatigue duty last evening returned to camp this morning. rfhe Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteers lost 1 killed and 4 wounded by shells while at work yesterday. At 6 p. m. the Twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteers was detailed and sent out to the front line as skirmishers. April 9.At S p. in., in compliance with orders, the Third Brigade moved from bivouac to the front and were placed in position in the rear of the Second Brigade, First Division, 800 yards from the enemys front line, with orders to support the Second Brigade if necessary. At 6 p. m. a charge was ordered, which resulted in the capture of the works at Blakely. The brigade was soon afterward ordered to the camp pre- viously occupied. The Twenty-ninth Illinois lost while on skirmish line 1 killed and 2 wounded. April 10.The command marched three miles in an easterly direction and went into camp. The One hundred and sixty-first New York Vol- unteers, which had been on duty at Starkes Landing since the 28th of March, reported for duty with the brigade at 12 m. to-day. April 11.At 7 p. in., in accordance with orders from Brig. Gen. J. C. Veatch, my command struck tents and marched in the rear of the First Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in the direction of Starkes Landing via the pontoon bridge over Bayou Minette. April 12.My command arrived at Starkes Landing at 5 a. in., and in compliance with orders was at once embarked on the transports Ala- bama, Colonel Cowles, and Landis. The train belonging to the brigade was left on shore from want of the necessary transportation, and as soon as the boats were loaded they were moved out a short distance in the bay and anchored. At 8 a. m. orders were received to weigh anchor and move across the bay to Magnolia Point and there disem- bark. It was not, however, until 4 p. m. that the last of the brigade left the boats. I then formed a line and marched up the shell road to the city of Mobile, and through the city to a position on the west of and bivouacked in the rear of the first line of works. W. B. KINSEY, Lient. 6~ol., Commanding Third Brig., First Div., 13th Arms Corps. No. 22. Reports of Lient. Col. John A. Callieott, Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. IIIJQRS. TWENTY-NINTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY VoLs., Mobile, Ala., April 20, 1865. Sin: In compliance with instructions, I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my command during the siege of Spanish Fort, viz: The Twenty-ninth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry pitched tents in the vicinity of Spanish Fort, Ala., on the evening of the 26th of March, 1865. In obedience to an order received during the night, I sent Companies F, G, II, I, and K to protect the right flank of the line ol skirmishers thrown forward by the Second Brigade, First Division Page 190 190 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. These companies were relieved from duty on skirmish line and rejoined the regiment about 10 a. m. on the 27th. Soon after their return, an advance having been ordered, I moved the regiment forward, it form- ing the center of the Third Brigade. The regiment was halted on the brow of a hill about 1,000 yards from the main rebel fort. After halt- ing the position of the regiment on the left of the brigade was changed so that the Twenty-ninth Illinois formed the left of the Third Brigade, Colonel Bertrams brigade being on our left and occupying the space to the bay. At this point, in compliance with directions, earth-works were thrown up, covering the front of the regiment. During the day Com- panies II and I each lost a man by wounds from shell. After dark a working party was sent forward to assist in digging rifle-pits on the advance skirmish line of our division. On the 28th the regiment made an advance with the brigade of 300 yards and built a breast-work to protect its front. On the 29th Company A lost 4 men killed and 9 wounded by the explosion of a shell. One man in Company K was slightly wounded by a piece of shell. At 8 p. m. the regiment moved out on the advance line as skirmishers and took position in a line of incomplete rifle-pits. Near 9 oclock the enemy made a sortie on that part of the line and on the rifle-pits in front of Colonel Bertrams brigade on the left, but were handsomely repulsed after firing a few volleys and driven back to their rifle-pits. On the night of the 30th the regiment was relieved from duty in the rifle-pits and marched with the brigade in the direc. tion of Fort Blakely. One man of Company G and 1 of Company F was mortally wounded, and 1 man of Company I seriously wounded, by shells thrown in the rifle-pits during the day by the guns on Spanish Fort. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 3. A. CALLICOTT, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. S. A. WALLING, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brigade, First Division. HDQRS. TWENTY-NINTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY VoLS., ~Mobile, Ala., April 20, 1865. SIR: In compliance with instructions received from headquarters Third Brigade, First Division, I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this regiment in the siege and capture of Blakely, Ala.: The Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry Veteran Volunteers arrived in front of Fort Blakely the morning of the 3d of April, 1865. After changing positions twice during the day, the regiment finally camped on the reserve line near Sibleys dwelling house, then occupied by Gen- eral Steele as headquarters. On the night of the 5th the regiment moved with the brigade to the extreme right of our line, and remained in line of battle during the night. On the morning of the 6th the regi- ment returned to camp and furnished details to work on redoubts; also furnished heavy details on the 7th. The entire regiment was sent for- ward on the night of the 8th to cover the front of the division as skir- mishers, relieving part of the Ninety-ninth Illinois and Twenty-first Iowa. It became necessary to dig new rifle-pits on the left of the skir- mish line, advancing that part of the line 100 yards or more. The companies on the left wing of the regiment were deployed for that pu Page 191 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 191 pose, and by working diligently the pits were completed and occupied by daylight. On the evening of the 9th (having remained in the trenches all day) I received orders to hold my command in readiness to advance the lines. I detailed Companies C and K, by directions previously received, and instructed them that in case the line should advance they would deploy and advance as skirmishers in front of the main line of the brigade, covering its front. Later in the evening I received an order from Colonel Sheetz, Eighth Illinois Infantry, who was then in command of the advance line, to withdraw my command and allow the Eleventh Illinois to move in advance. I obeyed the order, and in obedience to instructions received through Lieutenant Schoemaker, aide-de camp, moved to the position assigned me in the brigade then supporting the Second Brigade of our division. The regi- ment lost during the day 3 men, 1 killed and 2 wounded. At dusk I moved back with the brigade to camp and remained in camp during the night, the men being very much fatigued by the arduous duties of the day and night previous. I would further report that no trophies were captured during the siege. I cannot refrain from tendering my thanks to the officers and men of my command, all of whom displayed a becom- ing zeal and energy, and to Major Curtis and Adjutant Bozman are they especially due for their coolness and gallantry in time of danger and the invaluable assistance rendered me throughout the campaign. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. A. CALLICOTT, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. S. A. WALLING Acting Assi8tant Adjutant- General. ADDENDA. Journal of the march of the Twenty-ninth Regiment Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry, commanded by Lieut. Cot. J. A. Callicott, from Navy Cove, Ala., to Mobile, Ala. IIDQRS. TWENTY-NINTH ItEGT. ILLINOIS VETERAN VOLS., Mobile, Ala., April 20, 1865. March 17.Started from Dauphin Island at dark; landed at Navy Cove and remained at that point during the night. March 18.Marched from Navy Cove at 8 a. in.; pitched tents three miles east of Navy Cove on the Gulf shore. March 19.At 7 a. m. struck tents and marched eastward ten miles and bivouacked for the night. Roads good; weather pleasant. March 20.After marching seven miles struck camp near a swamp and sent forward fatigue parties to build a corduroy road. Rained during the night. March 21.Remained in same camp, and continued the work on the road. Weather cold and rainy. March 22.Resumed the march at sunrise; traveled about three miles and a half. Roads very rough where corduroyed, and extremely muddy at points not corduroyed. It became necessary to draw many of the wagons out of the mire by hand, the teams being exhausted. March 23.Furnished heavy details to build corduroy road. Hauled wagons over very muddy swamp; bivouacked four miles from former camp. Furnished a heavy detail to repair road during the night. March 24.Broke camp at daylight; marched to Fish River; crossed on pontoons and went into camp two miles north of the river. Roads good; weather warm and pleasant Page 192 192 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MiSS., ALA., & W. FLA. March 25.Left camp at 1 p. in.; marched seven miles in northwest direction and went into camp at dark. Roads good; weather clear. March 26.Left camp at 8 a. in.; marched very slow. Roads good, but country rongh and hilly; skirmishing in front in the afternoon; went into camp early in the evening. Left wing of the regiment on picket during the night. March 27.Heavy skirmishing in front and some artillery firing. The regiment advanced with the brigade, and took position on the left of division lines opposite Spanish Fort. Skirmishing during the night; two men wonnded during the day. March 28.Still heavy skirmishing. Remained in position during the day; advanced 200 yards at dark and built a line of works, which occupied the most of the night. March 29.Remained in position gained the previous night until dark, when seven companies were ordered in the advance trenches, the other companies remaining in the rear as a reserve. Enemy made a charge at 9 p. in., and were repulsed. Losses during the day, four- teen men killed and wounded. March 30.Remained in rifle-pits during the day. Heavy shelling by the enemy. Losses during the day three men killed and wonnded. Relieved at dark by a regiment from the Sixteenth Army Corps, and marched back four miles and went into camp at 11 p. m. March 31.Marched at 6 a. m. toward Blakely; halted at 1 p. m. and intrenched. Weather clear and warm. April 1.Remained in camp awaiting orders. April 2.Remained in same camp. April 3.Broke camp at 1 a. m. and marched toward Blakely; halted at daylight; took position on the left during the day, and remained in the same position until late in the evening, when we were relieved by the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, and marched back half a mile and went into camp. April 4.Remained in same camp during the day. April 5.Remained in same camp during the day. At 8 p. m. the regiment with the brigade was ordered on the right, where we remained during the night, returning to former camp at daylight. April 6.Returned from the right at sunrise and remained in camp all day. April 7.Still remained in camp. April 8.Remained in camp all day. The regiment was ordered in the rifle-pits at dark; sharp firing, and weather good. April 9.Remained in rifle-pits during the day; was relieved at 5 p.m. by the Eleventh Illinois, and ordered back to support of the Second Brigade; 1 man killed, 2 wounded. April 10.Broke camp at 10 a. in.; marched three miles in a north direction and went into camp at 1 p. in. April 11.Remained in camp during the day. Received orders at dark, and marched for Starkes Landing, which occnpied most of the night. April 12.Arrived at Starkes Landing at daylight; embarked at once on transports for Catfish Point. Disembarked at 2 p. m. and marched five or six miles, entering the city of Mobile at dark. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. A. CALLICOTT, Lieutenant.Colonol, Commanding Regiment Page 193 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 193 No. 23. Reports of Lieut. Col. William I. Wilkinson, Thirtieth Missouri Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. HDQRS. THIRTIETH MIssouRi VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Mobile, Ala., April 21, 1865. CAPTAIN: In accordance with orders from headqaarters Third Bri- gade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corp~s,. April 19, 1865, 1 have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my regiment against Spanish Fort, Ala.: The regiment arrived at Starkes Landing, Ala., April 3, 1865, at 5 a. in.; commenced its march to Spanish Fort on the same day, and, after traveling a distance of six miles, halted and encamped in rear of the right of our line around the fort,where it remained until 2p.m. on the 4th of April, and commenced its march toward Blakely, Ala. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. T. WILKINSON, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. S. A. WALLING-, Aety. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. IIDQRS. THIRTIETH MISSOURI VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Mobile, Ala., April 21, 1865. CAPTAIN: In accordance with orders from headquarters Third Bri~ gade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, dated April 19, 1865,1. have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my regiment against Blakely, Ala.: The regiment arrived in rear of the left of our lines near Blakely, Ala., on the 4th of April, 1865, and encamped on the extreme right of the Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. On the 5th of April the regiment, in connection with the brigade, was ordered out at about 9 p. m. and marched to the extreme right of the line to support General Hawkins division of colored troops in case of an emer- gency. The regiment remained in its position until daybreak next morn- ing, April 6, when it ret~urned to camp, nothing of importance having occurred during the night. On the 7th of April the regiment was ordered out on fatigue duty to make gabions, and returned to camp after having made 140. The regiment went out again on the next day, April 8, on the same duty, and returned to camp after making 128. At 4.30 p. m. on the 9th of April the regiment was ordered to march to the center of the line to support the Second Brigade of our division in a charge. The first line moved forward on the double-quick at about 5.30 p. in., and our line moved up and took their position. The fort having been taken, at about 7.30 p.m. the regiment was ordered to return to camp. At daybreak on the 10th of April the regiment fell into line ready to move. At about 9 a. m. the march was begun, and after traveling a distance of about four miles, passed in rear of Blakely, Ala., and went into camp. The regiment remained encamped until the evening of April 11, when at about 6 p. m. orders were received to make ready to move. The 13 R RYOL XLIX~ PT Page 194 194 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. march was commenced soon after and continued throughout the night toward Starkes Landing, where the regiment arrived at about 4 a. m. on the 12th of April. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. T. WILKINSON, Lieut. Col., Comdg. Thirtieth Missouri Volunteer Infantry. Capt. S. A. WALLINQ Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gent, Third Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. A DDE ND A. Journal of the march of the Thirtieth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, commanded by Lieut. Col. W. T. Wilkinson, from Dauphin Island, Ala., to Mobile, Ala. March 17, 1865.Left Dauphin Island aboard transport Brown at 9 p. m. Landed at Navy Cove same night. March 18.Remained at Navy Cove performing fatigue duty until S p. m. Marched three miles east of Navy Cove and encamped on the Gulf shore. Company A detailed for guard at the division ammuni- tion train. March 19.Left camp at 7 a. m. Marched ten miles eastward and bivouacked for the night. Roads good; weather pleasant. March 20.Left camp at 5.30 a. in., and after marching seven miles went into camp near a swamp. Sent forward fatigue parties to build a corduroy road. Rain during the night. March 21.Remained in same camp; continued the work on the road. Weather cold and rainy. March 22.Left camp at sunrise; marched about five miles and a half; roads very rough and extremely muddy at points not corduroyed. March 23.Left camp at daylight; marched two miles and halted. Furnished large details to build corduroy roads and hauled wagons over swamps. Company A, relieved from guard at ammunition train, rejoined the regiment. March 24.Left camp at daylight; marched to Fish River, a dis- tance of about eight miles; crossed on pontoons and went into camp two miles north of the river. Roads good; weather pleasant. March 25.Received orders to remain at Dannellys Mills, Fish River, for the purpose of guarding the pontoon bridge across the river, and supplies. Marched back to about 500 yards within the pontoon bridge and went into camp. March 2G.In camp at Dannellys Mills, Fish River, guarding pon- toon bridge and supplies and performing picket duty. March 27 to April 1.Occupied the same camp. April 2.Left camp at IDannellys Mills at 5 p. m. aboard steamer Mustang. April 3.Arrived at Starkes Landing, Ala., at 5 a. m. Commenced march toward Spanish Fort; traveled six miles and went into camp in rear of the right of our lines around the fort. April 4.Left camp at 2 p.m. Marched six miles and encamped on the extreme right of the Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in rear of the left of our lines before Blakely. April 5.Remained in camp during the day. At 9 p. m. m~arched to the right of our lines. Remained here during the night and returned to camp at daylight Page 195 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 195 April 6.Returned from the right of our lines at sunrise and remained in camp during the day. April 7.Occupied the same camp. Ordered out on fatigue duty to make gabions. April 8.Same camp; agaiu ordered out on fatigue duty. April 9.Remained in the same camp until 4.30 p. in., when orders were received to march to the center of the line to support the Second Brigade iu a charge. Returned to camp same mght. April 10.Left camp at 10 a. m. Marched about four miles; passed in rear of Blakely and went into camp at 1 p. m. April 11.Remained in camp during the day. Received marching orders at 6 p. in. Left camp soon after; marched all night. April 12.Arrived at Starkes Landing at daylight; embarked at once on transport Landis; disembarked at about 4 p. ni. at Magnolia Race-Course Wharf, and marched about five miles to the city of Mobile, arriving at the city at 7 p. m. No. 24. Reports of Miaj. Willis B. Craig, One hundred and sixty-first New York infantry, of operations March 17April 12. HEADQUARTERS 161ST NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, Mobile, Ala., April 13, 1865. SIR: In compliance with orders from headquarters Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this command in the siege of Spanish Fort: The One hundred and sixty-first New York Volunteers pitched tents in the vicinity of Spanish Fort, Ala., on the evening of the 26th of March, 1865. At 8 p. m. I was ordered to move my regiment out to the sup- port of the picket-line, and four companies (A, ID, B, and G) were sent to complete the connection of the line. On the morning of the 27th the enemy made a dash on the picket-line, but was repulsed. Com- panies A and ID were engaged in the skirmish. The regiment was moved up in support of the picket-line, which was advanced as skir- mishers. In the afternoon I rejoined the brigade, which was moved forward and joined Geiieral Slacks brigade (First), on the right and directly in front of Spanish Fort, distant 1,000 yards, this regiment on the right of the brigade. The four companies alluded to above remained in the skirmish line until dark. The casualties were two men wounded, one of whom was erroneously reported killed. At night a working party was sent from the regiment to dig rifle-pits, composed of one officer and sixty men. On the 28th the regiment went to Bolivar [DOhivesj Creek to build a bridge, after which it was ordered by Major-General Canby to report to Brigadier-General Bailey, at Starkes Wharf, for duty, where it remained until April 10, 1865, taking no further part in the siege of Spanish Fort. Jam, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WILLIS B. CRAIG, Capt. ~. A. WALLJN~, Major, Commanding the Regiment. Acting Assistant Adjutant-General Page 196 196 KY., S. W. VA., TE~TI~., K & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. IIDQRS. 161ST REGIMENT NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, Mobile, Ala., April 13, 1865. SIR: In compliance with orders from headquarters Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, I have the honor to report that this regiment was on duty at Starkes Wharf, Ala., by order of Major- General Canby, during the siege of Blakely, and took no part therein. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WILLIS E. CRAIG, Major, Commanding the I~egiment. Capt. S. A. WALLING, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. ADDENDA. Journal of the march of the One hundred and sixty-first Regiment New York Volunteers, commanded by Maj. Willis B. Craig, from Dauphin island, Ala., to Mobile, Ala. IIIDQRS. 161ST REGIMENT NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, Mobile, Ala., April 13, 1865. March 17.Started from Dauphin Island at dark; landed at Navy Cove and remained at that point during the night. March 18.Marched five miles up the beach on the east side of Mobile Point and went into bivouac. March 19.Marched about fifteen miles. March 20.Came up with the rear of General Bentons division, which was crossing a swamp, and went into bivouac. March 21.Remained in bivouac to build corduroy roads and bridges across the swamp. March 22.Marched at 5 a. m. This regiment detailed to lift the wagon train and artillery through the swamp. Marched about three miles. [March 23.A detachment] detailed from this regiment to build roads. March 24.Marched to Fish River and crossed on pontoons. Biv- ouacked two miles from the crossing. Roads good. March 25.Marched at 2 p. in. and went into bivouac at dark. Fur- nished 3 officers and 200 men for picket. March 26.Marched to within a mile and a half of Spanish Fort and found the division in lineof battle. At night the regiment was ordered to move out to the support of the picket-line and four companies (A, D, B., and G) sent to complete the connection of the line. March 27.The enemy made a dash on the picket-line at 7 a. in., but was repulsed. Companies A and D were engaged in the skirmish. - The regiment was moved up in support of the picket-line, which was advanced as skirmishers. In the afternoon I rejoined the brigade, which was moved forward and joined General Slacks brigade (First) on the right and directly in front of Spanish Fort. The four companies alluded to above remained in the skirmish line until dark. The casualties were two men wounded, one of whom was erroneously [reported] killed. At [night] a working party was sent from the r~gi- ment of one officer and sixty men. March 28.The regiment was sent to the rear to build a bridge across Bolivar [DOlives] Creek. March 29.Finished the bridge, and was then ordered by Major- General Canby to report to Brigadier-General Bailey, at Starkes Wharf, for duty, where we remained doing picket and provost duty until April 10, 1865 Page 197 THE MO]3ILE CA~4PAIc~N. 197 Apri.l 10.Broke camp at 8 a. m. Marched sixteen miles and joined the brigade near Blakely at 4 p. m. April 11.Broke camp at dark and marched with the brigade to Starkes Wharf. April 12.Embarked on steamer Colonel Cowles at daybreak. iDis- embarked at Catfish Point, on the west side of Mobile Bay, at 2 p. in., and marched six miles, entering the city of Mobile at dark. WILLIS E. CRAIG Major, Commanding the Regim eat. iNo. 25. Reports of Maj. Joseph B. Greene, Twenty-third Wisconsin Infantry, of operations March 17April 12. IIDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD REGT. WIScoNsIN VOL. lNFTY. Mobile, Ala., April 19, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by this regiment in the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala.: On the morning of the 27th of March the line was advanced to within a few hundred yards of the fort. That part- of it to which this regiment belonged took cover in a ravine near the extreme left, one- quarter of a mile from the bay. The line at-this place was much exposed to artillery fire from the enemy. The regiment this day snstained a casualty of one man slightly wounded by a fragment of shell. On the morning of the 28th 1 was ordered to change position farther to the right, for the purpose of securing better protection from the fire of the enemy. On the afternoon of this day the casualties amounted to three enlisted men wounded, two by musket shots severely, and one by a frag- ment of a shell slightly. At night the regiment was sent to the front to relieve the Twenty-third Iowa, on picket. During the night com- pleted advanced pits commenced the night previous. At 4 a. in. of the 29th was relieved by the Twentieth Wisconsin. At 11 oclock on the night of this day an alarm was given, and the regiment formed in line behind earth-works to meet an expected attack. But the enemy mak. ing no demonstrations the line was sooii withdrawn. On the p. m. of the 30th I was ordered to move with four days rations. The bri- gade was withdrawn from before the works at this place, which termi- nated the part taken by this regiment in the siege. Respectfully submitted. JOS. E. GREENE,~ Capt. S. A. WALLING, Major, Commanding. Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. ELDQRS. TWENTY.THIRD REGT. WISCONSIN VOL. INFTY., Mobile, Ala., April 19, 1865. CAPTAIN: The following is a report of the part borne by this corn- mand in the siege and capture of Blakely, Ala.: At daylight on the morning of the 3d of April I arrived with my regiment at Sibleys Mills, about two miles from Blakely. After a few l~ou.r8 rest was ordered toward the left of our own line to take up pos Page 198 198 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. tion before the works of the enemy. Companies G and I were thrown out, under the command of Captain Tolford, as skirmishers. They had advanced to within a few hundred yards of the enemys works when we were relieved by a division of the Sixteenth Corps and ordered to encamp in rear of and act as a reserve to the other forces. On the night of the 5th I was ordered to move in light marching order. Fol- lowed the Thirtieth Missouri to the extreme right of the line, where we were to support the troops in advance in case of an attack, which it was suspected would be made by the enemy that night. But at day- light, as no demonstrations had been made on the part of the enemy during the night, we were ordered back to camp. On the night of the 7th a detail of 200 men was made from this regiment to erect fortifica- tions for batteries. A portion of the detail was exposed to artillery fire from the enemy, and suffered a loss of 1 killed and 3 wonnded slightly. On the evening previous to this a man was wounded slightly by a splinter of shell, making the total of casualties at this place 1 killed and 4 wounded. Late in the afternoon of the 9th I was ordered to take my command in light marching order to the front. Most of it (200 men) had been detailed to work on rifle-pits, but I proceeded as directed with the remainder and moved to the front, where we formed part of the line in support of the forces that immediately charged and captured the works of the enemy. After night-fall, receiving orders, I moved back to camp. This, sir, is the full history of the part taken by this regiment in the siege and capture of Blakely. All of which is respectfully submitted. JOS. E. GREI~NE, Major, Commanding. Capt. S. A. WALLING, Actg. Asst. A djt. Gen., Third Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. A D D B ND A. IIDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD ItEGT. WISCONSIN VOL. INFTY., Mobile, iIla., April 19, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following journal of the march of this regiment from Dauphin Island, Ala., to Mobile, Ala.: March 17, near sunset, I was ordered by Lieutenant-Colonel Kinsey, commanding the brigade, to place my command on the steamer John II. Groesbeck and proceed to Navy Cove, about four miles above Fort Morgan. The order was accordingly executed, the boat reaching the place designated at 12 oclock at night. I immediately disembarked my command and bivouacked near the landing for the remainder of the night. March 18, at 8 a. m. the line of march was formed. Moved out from Navy Cove along the Gulf shore a distance of four miles, where we joined our division and encamped for the night. March 19, formed line of march at 6.30 a. m. Moved up the peninsula twelve miles and encamped near the Gulf. March 20, had reveille at 4 a. m. Line of march was formed at 6.15 a. in. Marched five miles to a lake, which debarred farther progress rn that direction. The troops were faced about, marched back two miles, and went into camp at 12 m. At this point a swamp was to be corduroyed to render it passable. March 21, the regiment was engaged the entire day in work on the corduroy. It rained heavily most of the time, making work disagreeable and the roads almost impassable. March 22, moved this morning at 6.15. The regiment was detailed to guard the train. The roads were so miry on account of the heavy rains that but little progress was made. Advance Page 199 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 199 five miles. March 23, this day advanced but three miles. The regiment was occupied most of the day in building corduroy. March 24, line of march was formed early this morning. The roads were much improved in condition. Reached Fish River at noon; passed over and went into camp about two miles north of it. March 25, the Sixteenth Corps took the advance this morning. The brigade to which this regiment belongs was ordered to follow, but it was 2 p. in. before the Sixteenth Corps had all passed. Advanced eight miles and bivouacked. March 26, orders were received to be ready to move at 4 a. in., but it was 8 oclock when the column commenced to move. Marched twelve miles and bivouacked within one mile and a half of Spanish Fort. This night Companies A, C, ID, E, F, G, and I were placed on picket. March 27, advance was made against Spanish Fort and position taken up near it. March 30, received orders this p. m. to be ready to move with four days rations. Some time after dark moved to the rear a distance of three miles and encamped. March 31, moved toward Blakely as far as Pol- lards Mill, a distance of seven miles, and encamped. The regiment was detailed to guard the train to-day. April 2, orders received at 12 at night to move. April 3, march com- menced at 1 a. in., reaching Blakely at daylight. After a few houTs rest the brigade was moved to take up position in the line, but before advancing against the enemys works was relieved by a division of the Sixteenth Corps, and ordered to move to the rear and act as reserve. Encamped one mile and a half south of Blakely. April 10, moved three miles to the right and went into camp. April 11, orders came at dusk to move. Command moved back to Starkes Landing. The march was continued slowly and unevenly during the entire night. It was daylight when the landing was reached. April 12, embarked on steam-ship Alabama, and proceeded to the opposite side of the bay; disembarked at what is called Magnolia Race Course Wharf, five miles below the city of Mobile. Line of march was immediately formed. Proceeded to within a mile of the city, where dispositions were made to encamp during the night; but orders came to move through to the opposite side of the city, which was done between the hours of 10 and 11 oclock. The regiment bivouacked behind the fortifications in the western limits of the city. Very respectftilly, your obedient servant, JOS. E. GREENE, Capt. S. A. WALLING, Major, Commanding. Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., First Div., 13th Army Corps. No. 26. Report of Lieut. George W. Taylor, Fourth Battery (D) Massachusetts Light Artillery, of operations April 9. IIDQRS. FOURTH MASSACHUSETTS BATTERY VET. VOLS., Before Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the Fourth Massachusetts Battery Veteran Volunteers in the action of the 9th instant: According to instructions received I placed my battery in position at 10 a. in., one section under Lieutenant Briggs in the redan built for the section of Marlands battery, one section under Lieutenant Jenkins in the work built by Captain Green, of the engineers, and on right o Page 200 200 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Colonel Brews command. One section under Lieutenant Manning was stationed in the open plain to the left of the Indiana battery. Firing upon the enemys works was commenced at 10.30 a. m. from the three sections, and instructions given to the officers in command to prevent any boats from leaving the Blakely Wharf~ and annoy them as much as possible. The firing was kept up till the works were stormed and car- ried by General Hawkins division. After the rebel works were taken and the prisoners removed my guns were taken from position and returned to camp. At 9 p. in., according to instructions received, I marched my cannoneers into the rebel works and took charge of the captured guns and proper ammunition to work them in case the rebel boats should commence to fire upon the captured forts. Very respectfnlly, your obedient servant, GEG. W. TAYLOR, Lieut., Comdg. Fourth Massachusetts Battery Veteran Volunteers. Brigadier-General HAWKINS. No. 27. Reports of Brig. Gen. Christopher C. Andrews, u: s. Army, commanding Second Division, of operations March 20April 9. IIDQRS. SECOND DrvIsIoN, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Camp near Escambia River, March 26, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with the verbal instructions of the major- general commanding, which I had the honor to receive yesterday after- noon, I proceeded to Pollard to-day with the Second Brigade of my division. We entered Pollard at 10 oclock this forenoon,~ having left our camp on this side of the Escambia at daylight. We met no resist- ance.whatever from the enemy; did not see anything of the enemy, and from all I could learn there is no rebel force anywhere in that neighbor- hood. The small force that held the place appears to have left and scattered a day or two ago. I found only a small quantity of commis- sary stores. I caused the railroad track to be torn up for some distance, the railroad bridge to be burned, and the telegraph line to be destroyed. Also took the telegraph operator and his instruments. Three public buildings which had been used for military stores and offices I caused to be burned. This was accompUshed by 12 oclock, at which time I started back, arriving in camp by 3 p. m. I would remark that this brigade had made a long march yesterday, having come from Pine Barren Creek to th~ Escambia, following General Lucas cavalry rap- idly in case it should be needed as a support. -Arriving here in camp in th~ middle of the afternoon, a detail under the direction of Colonel Spicely, the brigade commander, soon prepared a long foot bridge on the railroad trestle over the Escambia, upon which the brigade crossed this morning. We repaired the bridge over the Little Escambia, the plank on which had been entirely taken up and removed. Officers as well as men made the march on foot. In compliance with an order which I left for Colonel Moore, commanding Third Brigade, to l?e deliv- ered to him to-day upon the arrival of that brigade in camp, one reg- iment, the Eighty-third Ohio, was sent across the Escambia about tWo miles and a half as a reserve in case it should be needed. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. C. AINDREWS, Brigadier-General, Commanding. Capt. JOHN F. LACEY, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 201 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 201 IIDQRS. SECOND DIVISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the part taken by the Second and Third Brigades of my division in the assault yesterday on the enemys works in front of Blakely Landing: My division having formed at short notice in my advanced parallel, 500 yards from the enemys fortifications, moved forward at 5.45 p. m. Precisely at that time Lieutenant-Colonel Yifquain, commanding Ninety-seventh Illinois Infantry, gave the command, Forward, Ninety- seventh! at which his regiment sprang with him over the parapet, and with a loud cheer charged in line as skirmishers upon the enemy. This was in front of the Second (Spicelys) Brigade. Upon this the Eighty-third Ohio, Lieutenant-Colonel Baldwin commanding, ad- vanced with a shout in front of the Third (Moores) Brigade. Each brigade followed its line of skirmishers after an interval had been gained of about 150 paces, charging in line of battle, the Twenty-fourth Indiana, Seventy-sixth Illinois, and Sixty-ninth Indiana, of Spicelys brigade, following the Ninety-seventh Illinois on the right, and on the left the Thirty-fonrth Iowa, One hundred and fourteenth Ohio, Twen- tieth Iowa, and Thirty-seventh Illinois following the Eighty-third Ohio. The line of skirmishers met a sharp fire from the enemys rifle-pits as soon as the movement commenced, but pressed on at double-quick. Their bold and steady front was such a warning as made the enemy hasten from his rifle-pits to the inside of his breast-works. Hundreds of the enemy could be seen hurrying thus over their own obstructions to their redoubts and breast-works. My line was such that the center of my right (Spicelys) brigade moved along the Stockton road, but it was known to be perilous on account of torpedoes. The ground along my whole front to the enemys works is quite uneven and covered with fallen trees. Beside this obstruction there were two formidable lines of abatis, one being within twenty yards of the enemys guns. The right of Moores brigade had also to pass three ravines. Numerous rifle-pits and detached breast-works also served to increase the obstruc- tion, which has been remarked to be almost insurmountable. Over this rough ground and these elaborately constructed obstacles, in face of heavy musketry fire from the enemys breast-works and terrible artillery fire from his redoubts, these gallant regiments that I have named, cheered on by their comn~anders, pressed forward without wavering. It was a spectacle, indeed, that inspired the most exulting emotions, for no one who saw the troops and knew them could doubt of their triumph. It required from five to ten minutes for the Eighty- third Ohio to remove enough of the abatis, referred to as being so close to the enemys guns at the Stockton road redoubt, to effect a passage. Their colors were planted there, and they removed the abatis before a fearful fire. When room was made for a passage, they rushed triumph- antly upon the parapet of the redoubt, Capt. John ID. Gary and Private Wil1iai~ii M. Rooke, of that regiment, being the first who stepped upon the parapet. The Ninety-seventh Illinois and Eighty-third Ohio placed their colors upon the redoubt almost simultaneously. The redoubt opposite my right was taken after a severe fight, in which the Seventy- sixth Illinois bore the severest part. My division took the enemys works opposite its front, extending three-quarters of a mile, and including three redoubts. This was done in about twenty minutes. It captured between 1,300 and 1,400 prisoners, including a general officer commanding a division and 71 commissioned officers, 12 gnus of different caliber and of more than ordinary value, with considerable ammun Page 202 202 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. tion, several hundred stand of small-arms, a number of battle-flags, and a considerable amount of commissary and quartmasters stores. The troops that my division confronted were veteran soldiers of the Con- federate army, who had been in all the principal battles of the West. I invite attention to the fact that the ground in my front had been extensively mined with torpedoes. Some fatal casualties occurred to my command in consequence of them. Explosions took place and injuries were inflicted after the assault was completed. It required great care in withdrawing the prisoners from the fort to avoid loss of life on account of these torpedoes. I sent out a detail of prisoners last night, with a Confederate officer, who knew the whereabouts of the torpedoes, to take them up. The detail was also at work to-day, and some seventy have been taken up or exploded. In regard to this system of warfare I cannot omit here to observe that it seems inhuman on this account that after a battle is over it may b(out of the enemys power to prevent the disaster which they are calculated to produce, as in this instan& , non-combatants searching for the wounded and the dead were liable to destruction. And it sounded hideous indeed last night, hours after the battle had ceased, to hear these explosions and to feel that those were being torn to pieces who were searching for the dead and wounded. I inclose herewith a list of the casualties, with the names of all the killed and wounded of my division.* The aggregate is 33 enlisted men killed, 14 commissioned officers and 188 enlisted men wounded; total, 235. Several of the wounded have since died. The enemys loss in my immediate front in killed and wounded must have been nearly half as large. It is enough now to say that the two brigades engaged in this brilliant and memorable assault evinced not only most exemplary valor, but cool and spl~udid soldiership in every respect. It will hereafter be a grateful duty to commemorate as fully as words can express the noble gallantry of those who have lost their lives as well as those among the living whose daring and services were con- spicuous. The Second Connecticut Battery of Light Artillery, Captain Hotchkiss commanding, and the Fifteenth Massachusetts Battery of Light Artillery, Lieut. A. Rowse commanding, rendered very efficient service up to the time they were ordered to cease firing. The officers on my staff have performed most laborious service during the operations before Blakely, and displayed gallantry and coolness equal to every demand upon them. Much also is due to the medical officers of the division, on duty at the hospital, for their humane and painstaking efforts to alleviate the sufferings of the wounded. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. C. AXDREWS, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Capt. JOHN F. LACEY, Assistant Adjutant- General. IIDQR~. SECOND DivisioN, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Starkes Landing, Ala., April 12, 1865. MAJOR: In compliance with instructions received from headquarters Thirteenth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my command since leaving Pensacola: In compliance with orders received from Maj. Gem F. Steele, com- manding U. S. forces operating from Pensacola Bay, I marched at * EmbQdied in table, v-111 Page 203 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 203 daylight on the 20th day of March from Pensacola, and moving about twelve miles encamped for the night. Owing to the bad condition of the roads my train did not get in until about 10 oclock that evening. During the night it rained heavily, rendering the roads, already very bad, almost impassable for trains and artillery. My division moved forward the next morning about three miles farther to a point called the Fifteen-Mile House, on the Pensacola and Montgomery Railroad. Our train did not get lengthened out until about 4 p. in., and we were obliged to corduroy the road nearly the whole distance. Remained in camp at the Fifteen-Mile House until the morning of the 23d, when we moved forward, my division being in the rear. Marched that day about ten miles. Roads in very bad condition. We encamped on Pine Barren Creek. The enemy having destroyed bridge over the creek at this place, I was ordered to send my pioneer company and a large detail of men to assist in repairing it. It was repaired, and my divis- ion commenced crossing about 4 p. m. of the 24th; got my artillery train, & c., all across that night and camped about one mile from the creek. Moved forward the next morning at daylight, marching in rear of cavalry. About 10 a. m. received word from General Lucas, com- manding cavalry brigade, that he had met the enemy in front and captured three or four of them. Crossed Mitchells Creek about noon, and resting a short time moved on about three miles farther, crossing Canoe Creek, where we received orders to encamp. The roads passed over during the day were very bad. The Third Brigade, having charge of the train, was not yet up. Shortly after halting I received orders to move forward rapidly with one brigade to the support of General Lucas, who was fighting the enemy in front. Though somewhat wearied, the men moved forward with alacrity until we came up with General Lucas at the Escambia River, making a march this day of seventeen miles. The Second Brigade, after making this long march, constructed a bridge over the Escambia to enable them to move for- ward the next morning to Pollard, a distance of five miles. The Third Brigade camped that night at Canoe Creek, and did not reach the Escambia until noon of the next day. Starting at daylight on the 26th I marched with the Second Brigade to Pollard to discover if the enemy was in force at that place, and to destroy the store-houses, & c., at that point. Not being able to get horses across the river, every one was obliged to move on foot. The roads were very bad, having in some places to wade knee-deep in mud and water. Reached Pollard about 11 a. in., without discovering anything of the enemy; cut the telegraph wires and poles for some distance and captured the operator; burned three store-houses, and tore up the railroad track for about 1,000 yards, returning to our camp at the Escambia that afternoon. Received orders that evening to issue only half-rations thereafter. My provost-marshal had turned over to him at this place about 120 prisoners captured by General Lucas command the day before, and which, as well as those captured by Spurling, we were required to guard and feed during the remainder of the march. Received orders to march the next day (the 27th) as soon as the rest of the troops (Lucas cavalry brigade and Hawkins division of colored troops) were out of the way. We did not commence moving forward until about 11 a. in., as the rear of the advance train did not clear the way until that time. Leaving one bri- gade (the Second) with the train, I moved on with the other until I reached Canoe Station, a distance of thirteen miles. The brigade with the train could not get through to Canoe Station that night, and camped four miles from there, near the residence of Mr. Miles. Received order Page 204 204 KY., S. W. VK, TENTh, N. & C GA, MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. to continue our march as soon as the brigade with the train should get closed up. By having all the men in both brigades at work I succeeded in getting my train np to Canoe Station abont noon; and after resting for a short time moved on about four miles farther, when I halted for the night. Moved forward again the next morning at daylight and came up with Hawkins division at about 10a.m.; passed them, and halting about two miles beyond, set all my men at work building roads over which my train and artillery could pass. It rained heavily during the afternoon, and I was unable to get more than three miles beyond Hawkins division, when I again encamped for the night. Moved for- ward the next morning as soon as Hawkins division had passed; had large parties at work besides my pioneer corps constructing roads, and succeeded in making this day about nine miles (from the Perdido to ajzout two miles beyond McGills). Received orders to move forward as early as possible the next morning; starting at daylight, came np with the advance cavalry about 9 a. in., having marched seven miles. Was ordered to move on to Stockton, nine miles farther, which place we reached and got into camp about 3 p. m. The roads marched over this day were good. The next day (April 1) marching in rear of cav- alry and Hawkins division made about fourteen miles and camped at - Halls railroad crossing. Three hundred yards of track were here torn up by the Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers. Marched at daylight the next morning and arrived before Blakely about 10 a. m. Rested a short time and then moved forward in col- umn by company; formed a strong line of skirmishers and commenced driving the enemy toward their works. The enemys skirmishers fired quite briskly, and their artillery also fired a great deal. We drove the enemy to within about 1,000 yards of their works, and there forming my division in line of battle in rear of my line of skirmishers, com- menced intrenching. My skirmish line extended from Hawkins left to Bay Minette, a distance of two miles. On the evening of the 4th instant, at about 5 oclock, my left (Moores brigade) was advanced about 300 yards; the Second Brigade on my right advanced about 200 yards. Our men cheered at the time on account of the bombardment of Spanish Fort, and the enemys skirmishers, supposing we were going to assault, fell back rapidly. Veatchs division on the evening of the 4th instant joined me on the left, enabling me to shorten my line. April 5, fourth day of investment of Blakely. The enemy continued his fire from artillery and sharpshooters spiritedly. My loss during the day was quite smalli killed and 3 wounded. One of Hotchkiss grins of the Second Connecticut Battery opened at daylight upon the enemy. I extended my right about 250 yards to connect with Haw- kins. In the evening at about 8 oclock the Second Brigade advanced about 150 yards and to within eighty yards of the enemys outer line of abatis. April 6., at 3.30 a. m. the enemy made a sortie on my left, commencing his movements with a cheer. The musketry fire was heavy for about half an hour, and the atmosphere being dense, the sound of the firing seemed so near as to cause, in my mind, some apprehension (my men having for several days and nights been performing most laborious duty) Lieutenant Pettibone, aide-de-camp, hastened down to the line and reported all safe. The attack was mainly against our working party for the Fifteenth Massachusetts Battery and was effectually repulsed. Two more of Captain Hotchkiss rifled guns having got into position last night, opened with good effect, and thia morning sent two balls through the rebel headquarters tent, compelling a hasty removal of tent and colors in front. Sharp artillery firing during the forenoon Page 205 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 205 Work on rifle-pits progressing rapidly. Friday, April 7, sixth day of investment, at a little before daylight, the enemy attempted to drive ill my line of skirmishers on the left in front of the Third Brigade, but were repulsed. The firing was sharp for half an hour. Three guns of the Fifteenth Massachusetts Battery (Napoleons) opened at daylight from the battery near the right of Moores advanced parallel, but were soon silenced by the fire from a 4-inch rifled gun and 24-pounder how- itzer immediately in front at a range of about 500 yards. Moores line of pits was widened and a new approach commenced to the front from about the center of his line. On the left of the Second Brigade (Spicelys) made 150 yards of rifle-pits on rather a commanding crest, to which approaches were finished yesterday. This line is about 500 yards from the enemys works fronting the Stockton road. Hotchkiss three guns do good service and remain uninjured. Rained heavily during the afternoon. Saturday, April 8, at 1 oclock this morning the enemy, with his usual enterprise, made an attack on my right that was finally repulsed. His artillery and musketry fire was brisk for half an hour; the signal for attack was a blue light. He opened with his artil- lery again at 8 a. in., and continued a heavy fire for an hour. The advanced rifle-pit on the right was extended last night about fifty yards. The Fifteenth Massachusetts Battery repaired their embrasures and opened again with some effect this morning. Sunday, April 9, consid- erable progress made by digging rifle-pits and approaches. Artillery fire during the day unusually light. It having been reported the enemy were evacuating Blakely, I at about 3.30 p. in. sent Lieutenant Petti- bone, aide-de-camp, to Major-General Steeles for permission to advance my skirmishers so as to develop the enemy. This was granted, and after sending to General Hawkins, on my right, to have conoert of action in the advance, I arranged at short notice to advance my line at 5.30, the time fixed upon. The part which my division took in the bril- liant and triumphant assault upon the enemys works I have attempted to describe in my report to Major-General Steele, a copy of which I beg leave to inclose herewith.* I would further add that the two brigades of my division have dug 5,571 yards of rifle-pits and approaches in the seven days preceding the assault. It may be worthy of remark that in the long and difficult march from Pensacola to Blakely only one wagon of my train was lost. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0.0. ANDREWS, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant-General. A DDE NDA. HDQRS. SECOND DIvISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Starkes Landing, Ala., April 13, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to make the following recommendations for the promotion of officers in my division: First. Col. William T. Spicely, Twenty-fourth Regiment Indiana Vet- eran Volunteer Infantry, commanding Second Brigade of this division, to be brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, for personal gallantry in the assault on Fort Blakely on the 9th instant, for great zeal, courage, and enterprise exhibited night and day during the week of the invest- ment (in the course of which time he was wounded), as well as for habit- ttal zeal and efficiency as an officer. *Soep. 201 Page 206 206 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Second. Lient. Col.Victor Yifquain, commanding Ninety-seventh Reg- iment Illinois Infantry, to be colonel by brevet, for the noble and gallant manner in which he led his regiment in advance in the charge on the enemys fortifications at Blakely on the 9th instant, for his remarkable energy and his skill in directing the construction of earth-works by the Second Brigade, and for his general efficiency and earnestness as a regi- mental commander, and having a regiment of superior discipline. Third. Lient. Col. W. II. Baldwin, Eighty-third Regiment Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, to be colonel by brevet, for the gallant and heroic manner in which he conducted his regiment in its glorious and tri- umphant charge on one of the strongest of the enemys redoubts at Fort Blakely on the 9th instant, and for his habitual zeal and efficiency. Fourth. Lieut. Col. Oran Perry, Sixty-ninth Battalion Indiana Infan- try, to be colonel by brevet, for the resolute and courageous manner in which he led his battalion in the charge on Fort Blakely on the 9th instant (during which he was severely wounded), for his zeal as an officer, and for having a splendid and efficient battalion. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. 0. ANDREWS, Brigadier. General, Commanding. Brig. Gen. L. THOMAS, Adjutant-General U. S~ Army, Washington, D. C. No. 28. Reports of Col. Henry Bertram, Twentieth Wiscon~in Infantry, com manding First Brigade, of operations March 25April 14. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., SECOND DIV., 13TH, ARMY CoRPS, Spanish Fort, Ala., A 11, 1865. MAJOR: In obedience to orders I have the honor to submit the fol- lowing report of the part taken by this command in the late siege and subsequent capture of Spanish Fort, Ala.: On the morning of the 25th ultimo, in obedience to orders from the major-general commanding, I moved out with my command, consisting of the Twentieth Wisconsin, Ninety-fourth Illinois, Twenty-third and Nineteenth Iowa Regiments of Volunteer Infantry, and Battery F, First Missouri Light Artillery, from camp at Fish River, on the bay road, encamping at Montrose that night, and reaching DOlives Creek on the evening of the 26th. On the 27th ultimo I crossed DOlives Creek, taking position on the extreme left of the investing line, my left resting on the extremity of the high ground near the bay shore. The extent of my front was such as to be fully covered by two regiments, who were ordered to occupy this line and drive the enemy back to his rifle-pits, which was successfully executed. Battery F, First Missouri Light Artillery, commanded by Capt. Joseph Foust, was placed in the center of the line at a distance of 1,300 yards from the rebel fort, and opened on the enemy at 5.30 p. m. The enemy replied from two guns, wounding several men. The regiments occupying the front were imme- diately set to work intrenching their position. On the night of the 27th breast-works were constructed on the same line for the battery, and on the following morniiig I advanced my main line 300 yards under the fire of the enemy, with but few casualties. The new position was immediately intrenched for infantry and artillery. After dark on Page 207 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 207 regiment was tlirown 200 yards in advance, and there constructed a line of rifle-pits. Breast-works were immediately constructed in the rear of this line and one section of Fousts battery placed in position. Meantime General Veatch, commanding First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, had extended his left so as to bring one regiment in rear of my right. On the morning of the 29th the enemys artillery fire was so vigorous as to give evidence that he had increased the number and caliber of guns in my immediate front. The fire of Captain F6usl?s guns was so well directed as to silence the enemy at intervals and weaken his fire toward the afternoon. On the night of the 30th I advanced my skirmish line 100 yards, extending it to the left as far as the nature of the ground permitted, occupying a spur of high ground 300 yards from the parapet of Fort Alexis. On the 30th [3lstJ the trenches and saps were widened so as to admit of the movement of infantry in a column, covered from the fire of small-arms. On the 1st of April works were commenced on a position for a siege battery. From the 1st to the 8th instant the skirmish line was grad. nally advanced on the brow of the spur, within a distance of 250 yards of the parapet of Fort Alexis, and 100 yards from the enemys main line of rifle-pits. Throughout the siege heavy details from the regi- ments not actually in front were employed in widening and strengthen. ing the parallels, and connecting theni with approaches so as to admit the concentration of a heavy infantry fire on any part of the front. Up to the 4th instant two regiments were constantly in line in the front, and from that time until the occupation of the fort one regiment was on the advance parallel, supported by another in the next parallel in rear. After a severe bombardment, and about 11.30 p. m. on the 8th instant, the regiments in the advance pits, on account of the silence of the enemys fire from the rifle-pits, surmised that they were evacu- ating, and a reconnoitering party sent out meeting with no opposition, I immediately moved forward my whole command and at 12.30 a. m. the 9th instant took possession of Fort Alexis and Spanish Fort. I take great pleasure in recording my appreciation of the efficient serv- ice rendered by Captain Fousts battery, and the zeal and ability dis- played by the officers and men of my command. Respectfully submitted. HENRY BERTI~AM, Maj. F. W. EMERY, Colonel, Commanding. Assistant Adjutant- General, Thirteenth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES EASI OF MOBILE BAY, Spanish Fort, Ala,, April 21, 1865. MAJOR: In addition to my former report of the part taken by the First Brigade, Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in the siege and capture of Fort Alexis and Spanish Fort, Ala., I have the honor to annex the following report of events subsequent to that date, resulting in part from their capture: I received April 9, 1865, from corps headquarters, an order directing me to take charge of all prisoners of war at this place. I at once on receipt of the order adopted measures for their safe-keeping, and found them to muster, inclusive of commissioned officers, 556 men. This number was subsequently increased by the arrival of prisoners captured at Fort Blakely to 232 commissioned officers and 3,386 enlisted men Page 208 208 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Transportation for the removal of the prisoners was obtained on the 14th instant, and they were on that date embarked at Starkes Landing and forwarded to Ship Island, Miss., in charge of Capt. Howard Vanda- grift, provost-marshal of this command, with instructions to turn his prisoners over to the commanding officer at that post, taking a receipt for their delivery. I append below an inventory of the ordnance and quartermasters stores found in the forts on the morning of their cap. ture :- 32 pieces siege and field artillery, 6,000 rounds artillery ammuni- tion, 100,000 rounds ammunition for small-arms, 36,000 pounds corn, 13 serviceable mules, 7 bales sand.bags, 6 army wagons, and 3 wall.tents. RespectfiAly submitted. HENRY BERTRAM, Colonel, Commanding. Maj. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant-General, Thirteenth Army Corps. No. 29. Report of Lieut. Col. John Bruce, Nineteenth Iowa Infantry, of oper ations March 27April 8. HDQRS.. NINETEENTH REGIMENT IowA INFTY. VOLS., ~S1panish Fort, Ala., April 14, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my regiment in the attack upon and reduction of Spanish Fort and its defenses: On the 27th of March, about noon, I was ordered forward; crossed the creek, deployed in line of battle, advanced Companies A and D in skirmish line through the thick brush, holding my line well out on my left to the bay. After ascending the hill and in view of the fort, the enemy opened on my line with artillery, wounding a number of my men. Here we hastily threw up a line of works, and in the meantime Fousts battery came up, opened on the enemy vigorously, and in a short time he ceased to return the fire. I again advanced, under orders, to get a position as iiear as possible to the enemys works. The enemy, observ- ing the movement, opened upon me with musketry from his rifle-pits and from the front. He also opened with his artillery. In the advance I had a number of men killed and wounded. - Under cover of the fallen timber I protected my line as well as I could, while the artillery in my rear was playing with a good effect on the rebel works. Darkness came on, and I was ordered to throw up a line ot defenses where I then was, which I did. After this the operations assumed the nature of a siege. We advanced our lines under cover of the night by parallels, drove the enemy out of his pits, and occupied them. On the night of the 8th of April the enemy abandoned his works, and we took possession of them. Annexed to this report find a list of the killed and wounded of my regi- ment.* My casualties were but few after the advance of the first day. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, JOhN BRUCE, L~eut. Col. Nineteenth Iowa Infantry Vols., Comdg. Regiment. Lieut. A. .1. ROCKWELL, Actg. A8st. Adjt. Gen., First Brig., & cond Div., 13th Army Corps. Nominal liBi (omitted) shows 5 men killed and 16 wounded Page 209 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 209 No. 30. Report of Col. William I. iS~picely,. Twenty-fourth Indiana Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations April 29. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., SECOND DIV., 13TH ARMY CoRPS, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the Second Brigade, Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, in the operations before Blakely, Ala.: On the morning of the 2d day of April, 1865, my command arrived in front of the enemys works at this place and bivouacked for a short time awaiting orders. After a careful reconnaissance of the ground around this place, I received orders from the general commanding Second Division to move my command forward and take position in line on the left of Brigadier-General Hawkins division of colored troops. This order was promptly executed by placing the Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Sears, on the right and joining General Hawkins left; the Sixty-ninth Indiana Battalion, Lieutenant-Colonel Perry commanding, on the left and joining tke right of Colonel Moores (Third) brigade; the Seventy-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry occupying the left center of the line, Colonel Bnsey commanding, and the Ninety-seventh fllinois Infantry Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Yifquain commanding, occupying the right center. As soon as the line of investment was completed, the order was given to the various commanders to intrench themselves as soon as possible and place the men under cover from the enemy~s fire, and soon the sound of spade and shovel was heard along the lines and from the evening of the 2d unfil the evening of the 9th instant this work was pushed forward by officers and men of my command bo1~h by night and by day, and in that short space of time, with but few tools at our com- mand with which to work, and the men at all times subjected to a galling fire of shot and shell from the enemys works, over 3,000 yards of intrenchments and earth-works were completed. In the prosecution of this work the zeal displayed by the men in its vigorous prosecution is worthy of mention. On the 9th instant, at 5.30 p. in., I received orders from Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews, commanding Second Division, to place my command in the front parallel of intrenchments and to deploy one regiment as skir- mishers, and to immediately advance upon the works of the enemy. It required but a few moments to form the line. The Ninety-seventh Illi- nois, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Vifquain, supported by the Twenty-fourth Indiana, Seventy-sixth Illinois, and Sixty-ninth Battal- ion Indiana Volunteers, were deployed as skirmishers. These arrange- ments for the assault were hardly complete when the gallant Vifquain with his brave boys of the Ninety-seventh with cheers dashed forward, driving the enemys line of skirmishers inside of their works. His com- mand was closely followed by the rest of my command and the contest for a time seemed to be who should arrive in the enezuys works first. The dash was so sudden and impetuous that it was almost impossible to determine who arrived first. But the honor of first entering the works is justly due to the Ninety-seventh Illinois on the left, and to the Seventy-sixth Illinois, led by the gallant Busey, on the right; the Twenty-fourth and Sixty-ninth Indiana at or about the same time, with 14 B BVOL XLIX~ PT Page 210 210 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. their gallant commanders, arriving inside the works of the enemy. The contest was short and decisive; the enemy threw down their arms and surrendered, my command capturing several hundred prisoners; among the number General Cockrell, commanding division, and Colonel Barry, Thirty-fifth Mississippi, and a number of other officers. A large amount of artillery, ordnance stores, and supplies fell into our hands, and were turned over by me to Brigadier-General Gilbert, Sixteenth Corps, in compliance with orders from Maj. Gen. E. R. S. Canby. The fight over and the victory complete, my command was ordered to move up and take position at the landing in Blakely and a portion detailed to take charge of prisoners. In passing over the ground in this gallant charge my command suffered severely both from torpedoes, which were concealed in the path over which the column passed, and from a raking fire of shot and shell from the enemy on the right, and many brave men and officers were cut down by this terrific fire as they were rushing forward. In this assault Colonel Busey, Seventy-sixth Illinois; Lieutenant-Colonel Perry, Sixty-ninth Indiana; Captains Wis- ncr and Howard, Ninety- seventh Illinois, were severely wounded and fell while gallantly leading and cheering their men on to victory. Capt. George E. Merchant, Twenty-fourth Indiana, fell mortally wounded while leading his men in this gallant and heroic charge. Many others who deserve honorable mention, and whose names appear in the list ot casualties, might be mentioned here, but why should I stop to particu- larize or mention individual instances of bravery where every one behaved so nobly l There are good, brave, and gallant soldiers every- where in our army, but none can surpass those composing the Second Brigade for heroic daring and gallant performance of duty. The 9th day of April will ever be a memorable day with them, and for their gallant conduct on that occasion they are entitled and will receive our nations thanks and blessing. But amid our rejoicing over this grand achievement and success of our arms, let us not forget the gallant dead who fell that day at their post, nobly and fearlessly doing their duty. The Seventy-sixth Illinois, Ninety-seventh Illinois, Twen- ty-fourth Indiana; and Sixty-ninth Indiana left traces of their brilliant dash over that field by the bodies and blood of many of their bravest and best men. Let the memories of the gallant dead that now sleep near the recent field of strife be ever cherished by their gallant com- rades and by every true patriot. I must not omit to ask that honorable mention be made of Lieutenant-Colonel Vifquain* and Capt. Samuel H. Howard, Ninety-seventh Illinois, who, during the whole time of our operations before Blakely, ably and zealously assisted in push- ing forward the works in front of the enemy, and more especially for their gallantry in the action of the 9th instant; and while speaking of them I must not fail to mention the name of Colonel Busey, Seventy- sixthlllinoisYolunteers; Lientenant-ColonelPerry, Sixty-ninthIndiana, and Lieutenant-Colonel Sears, Twenty-fourth Indiana, for the hand- some manner in which they led their men in the assault, and who with their commands so gallantly worked that day. Capt. Fred. T. Lewis, INinety-seveuth Illinois, acting assistant adjutant-general, and Lieut. J. II. McCormick, Twenty-fourth Indiana, aide-de-camp, of my staff, were conspicuous for the gallant performance of their duties on that occasion and for the prompt execution and transmission of orders to ~Awarded a Medal of Honor Page 211 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 211 the various commands. I also herewith submit the reports of corn- mandarits of regiments of my command, also a list of killed and wounded.* All of which is respectfully submitted. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. T. SPICELY, Golonel, Comdg. Second Brig., Second Div., 13th Army Corps. Capt. GEORGE MONROE, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 31. Report of Col. Samuel T. Busey, Seventy-sixth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 29. IIDQRS. SEVENTY-SIXTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with circular from your headquarters, dated April 10, 1865, I have the honor to make the following report: I arrived with my command near Blakely, Ala., on the morning of April 2; went into camp until evening, when the line advanced, holding my position on the left center of brigade, when I halted where my present camp is sitaated until the following morning, when two-thirds of my command were ordered on duty, the remainder being ordered to arrange a camp and protect themselves, which was necessary, as in my situation we were under a heavy fire from the artillery of the enemy. During the siege we advanced with remainder of brigade several times and had on duty daily about 300 men. On the afternoon of the 9th instant orders were received that an advance would be made at 5 oclock. I took my position in the third parallel on the right center of the brigade, and when ordered advanced, passing the skirmishers at the first abatis, arriving at the enemys works in advance of any other troops, where we planted our colors (which were almost severed from the staff) fifty yards left of the bastion on our right. After planting our colors on the parapet one of the color guard took them, went to the bastion on our right, walking on the parapet, and while planting them there was knocked senseless by the concussion of a gun fired, fall- ing inside with the colors in his arms, where he was killed by a rebel officer. In the charge my color-sergeant and 1 of the color guards were killed and 3 color guards wounded. Although the entire com- mand is deserving of great credit and praise, I claim for my command the honor of first entering the enemys works and planting our colors thereon, in proof of which I will state that I had 5 killed and 15 wounded, including 2 officers, inside the works. T captured 14 officers, including a brigadier-general and colonel, and 400 enlisted men, besides the guns in the bastion. A report has been furnished of losses.* All are entitled to much honor for their gallant conduct through the entire affair. Very respectfully, S. T. BUSEY, Colonel Seventy-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. Capt. FRED. T. LEWIS, Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., Second Div., 13th Army Corps. * Embodied in table, p. 111 Page 212 212 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 32. Reports of Licut. Cot. Victor Vifquain, Ninety-seventh Illinois Infantry, of operations April 29. llnQRs. NINETY-SEVENTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEERS, Siege of Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865. CAPTAIN: In accordance with the instructions of General Andrews, the following is my report of the progress of the work in the trenches in front of the Second Brigade: The third parallel was extended left and right, so as to cover the whole front of the brigade with the exception of some twenty yards on the extreme right. Some ninety yards of the parallel on the right have not been quite finished yet, but a detail of the Sixty-ninth Indiana and of the Seventy-sixth Illinois are giving it now its full width. A detail of the Ninety-seventh Illinois is digging an approach on the left, but on accoant of the enemy filling the ditch with shells and burying the men, the work progresses slowly. I have given instructions to throw the earth from the enemy and make the ditch six feet deep. The center gun of the second parallel silenced the left gun of the enemy~s fort on the telegraph road at about 9.30 a. m. this day, exploding one shell quite straight into the center of the embrasure, and a solid shot, by ricochet, immediately afterward taking start at the same point, and in my opinion upset the rebel gun, as from that time they have ceased their fire, which in the early part of the morning was very rapid. A detail of the Twenty-fourth Indiana is at work at an approach on the extreme right toward the third parallel. As soon as possible I will start an approach from the extreme right of the third parallel toward the tele- graph road fort. Here joining is a rough sketch of the works.* Yours, very respectfully, VICTOR VJFQUAIN, Lieutenant-Colonel Ninety-seventh Illinois Volunteers. Capt. G. MONROE, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. IIDQRS. NINETY-SEVENTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEERS, Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: Pursuant to instructions from brigade headquarters, the following is my report of the siege and assault on Blakely, Ala.: On Sunday, the 2d of April, my regiment took position on the left of the brigade on the investing line around Blakely. The same night the line of circumvallation was dug, and every day the regiment worked at the trenches, and on the 8th of April completed their part of the third parallel at a distance of 400 [yards] of the enemy, and our left and center immediately in front of the fort redoubt on the east side of the Stock- toii and Blakely road. During these six days of siege the enemy kept up a very severe fire of artillery and musketry, sending their shells far over our camp and often exploding them in it. On the 9th of April at 5 p. in., I received instructions to deploy my regiment as skirmishers in front of our brigade and to charge the enemy at 5.30 p. m. At 5.30 p. m. precisely my regiment assaulted theenemy, and five minutes afterward my flag waved on the rebel works; the enemy making a most terrible resistance, and our advance impeded by artifical obstruc- tions, my loss was rather heavy, going into battle with about 500 men *Seep 213 Page 213 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 213 peO~ on the Telegraph Roa Page 214 214 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. and losing 61 killed and wounded. The regiment was followed very closely by the balance of the brigade, but were not surpassed, although we opened the way. As a matter of pride to my regiment I desire the brigade commander to give us credit for that. Of course the honor of one soldier is the honor of the army, but what is claimed by other reg- intents I, when in my right, have also the right of claiming it. The affair was brilliant and a complete success. My regiment captured 1 battle-flag, 1 headquarters flag (Frenchs division), and another battle- flag (Missouri brigade, General Cockrell~s).* With the exception of Second Lieut. S. W. Jones, Company C, all my officers were present and behaved nobly. All deserve credit, but more particularly Capt. S. It. Howard, Company I, he having been at work almost day and night as assistant to the officer who had charge of the trench-work in front of the brigade. I have the honor to remain, captain, yours, very respectfully, Lieutenant- VICTOR VIFQUAIN, Colonel, Comdg. Ninety-seventh Illinois Volunteers. Capt. F. T. LEWIS, A ctg. Asst. Adjt. (len., Second )3rig., Second Div., 13th Army Corps. No. 33. Report of Lieut. Cot. Francis A. Sears, Twenty.fourth Indiana Infantry, of operations April 29. HDQRS. TWENTY-FOURTH INDIANA INFANTRY VOLS., Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report the part taken by the regiment under my command in the operations against Blakely, Ala.: On the afternoon of the 2d instant, the enemy having been driven inside their works, we advanced and took position in front of and about one mile distant from their main works. The line being established, work was immediately begun upon the trenches under the supervision of the colonel commanding the Second Brigade. Nearly one-half of my command was constantly on duty, either in the trenches or on the skirmish line. Officers and men vied with each other in vigorously prosecuting the work assigned them. When the assault was determined upon every officer and man was at his post, and when the signal for the advance was given they moved with the calm. courage and determination of veteran soldiers. In consequence of the nature of the ground over which we passed a perfect line was not maintained. The enemy had placed every obstacle in the way of our advance. Trees felled with branches outward, and torpedoes planted in the supposed path an assault- ing column would take, and the sharp fire of musketry, shell, and can- ister, which the enemy kept up, were not sufficient to deter the regiment from its impetuous advance. Where all performed their duty so well I deem it invidious to particularize. I have to report the loss of the gal- lant Captain Merchant, commanding Company D, who fell mortally -wounded. In him the regiment lost an able and brave officer, who fell nobly performing his duty. His loss to us is irreparable. He is a loss to the service, of which he was an ornament. He is a loss to his coun- try, for which he died. As near as I can ascertain, Sergt. William P. * Nominal list (liere omitted) shows 9 men killed and 6 officers and 45 men wounded Page 215 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 215 Traylor, of Company C, has the honor of being the first of the regi- ment to enter the enemys works. I append a list of casualties in the regiment.* I have the honor to be, your most obedient servant, F. A. SEARS, Lient. Cot. Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers, (Jomdg. Regiment. Capt. FRED. T. LEWIS, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 34. Report of Col. Frederick W. Mioore, Eighty-third Ohio Infantry, com manding Third Brigade, of operations April 29. IIDQRS. THIRD BRIG., SECOND DIv., 13TH AR1~Y CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the operations of my command before defenses of Blakely, Ala., as follows: On the 2d day of April, 1865, under the instructions of Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews, commanding Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, I placed my command in position within 1,000 yards of the enemys line of fortifications, my left resting on the Blakely and Pensacola road, my right on the left of the Second Brigade, same division, regi- ments arranged as follows, respectively, commencing on the right: The Eighty-third Ohio, One hundred and fourteenth Ohio, Twentieth Iowa, and the Thirty-seventh Illinois, the Thirty.fonrth Iowa being held in reserve. In this position my command remained during the 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th days of April, taking advantage of every available moment to construct rifle-pits in my immediate front. Up to the 9th instant three parallels were constructed, covering the entire length of my line, with regular approaches connecting the first with the third. The first and second lines measure in length 1,555 yards, ranging from four to six feet in width, the third and last line being about 500 yards from the enemys works, measuring in length 563 feet and eight feet in width. Two approaches were commenced from the third parallel, and had reached a distance of seventy-five yards to the front at 4.30 p. m. of the 9th instant, when I received instructions from Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews to hold my command in readiness to [move] upon the enemys works. In one-half hour my command was disposed as follows: The Thirty-fourth Iowa, One hundred and fourteenth Ohio, Twentieth Iowa, and the Thirty-seventh Illinois were placed in line in the third parallel, the Eighty-third Ohio deployed as skirmishers at intervals of three paces, covering the entire front of the four above- mentioned regiments, advanced one pace. At about 5.45 oclock, through previous instructions, I discovered the signal from the right to advance. I immediately ordered my line of skirmishers forward. But a moment elapsed before this line cleared the parapet and swept for- ward under a destructive fire of artillery and musketry, and continued to advance without the slightest pause. When they reached the dis- tance of about 300 yards from the starting point I commanded the main line to move forward, which command they obeyed with eager- ness, struggling through an abatis covering the whole front, subject to * Embodied in table, p. 111 Page 216 216 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. a vigorous fire, and close in the footsteps of the skirmish line, mounted the enemys works, which. at this moment were surrendered without further struggle. To the Eighty-third Ohio too much praise cannot be awarded for the manner in which they advanced over the abatis, pre- serving a magnificent and perfect line, and being the first to enter the enemys works. Their commanding officer, Lieut. Col. W. II. Baldwin, has proven himself, by his unflinching courage and remarkable cool- ness on this occasion, to be every inch a soldier and a man. To my regimental commandersColonel Clark, of the Thirty-fourth Iowa; Colonel Kelly, One hundred and fourteenth Ohio; Colonel Black, Thirty-seventh Illinois, and Lieutenant-Colonel Leake, Twentieth IowaI am indebted for the splendid manner in which they led their commands, which so materially assisted in the fall of Blakely. To my staff officers is due the reward of soldiers. Hereto attached is a list of casualties in the command from the date of the commencement of this report.* I have the honor to be, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, F. W. MOORE, Colonel JiJighty.third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Comdg. Brigade. Capt. GEORGE MONROE, Asst. Adjt. Gen., & cond Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. No. 35. Report of Brig. Gen. William P. Benton, U. S~ Army, commanding Third Division, of operations March 17April 12. HDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Mobile, Ala., April 12, 1865. MAJOR: Pursuant to the direction of the major-general commanding Thirteenth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of the forces under my command since leaving Fort Morgan, Ala., to the date hereof: On the 17th of March my command, consisting of the Third Divis- ion, Thirteenth Army Corps, to which was temporarily attached the First Brigade, Second Division (same corps), commanded by Col. Henry Bertram, marched at daylight from Fort Morgan and Navy Cove, and led the advance of the Thirteenth Army Corps to the North Fork of Fish River, a distance of forty miles. Our route was up the peninsula to Bayou Portage, thence northerly to Dannelly~s Mills, on the river above named. Until we reached Bayou Portage the command encoun- tered no obstacles to its progress, but here it entered upon a treach- erous crus2t, beneath which no bottom was discoverable. Here began a toilsome march in which the command was compelled to corduroy the road the greater part of the way. Animals found no firm foot- ing but the corduroy, and wagons and a2rtillery elsewhere moved not over the roads, but through them, if they moved at all, which was often only when the animals were taken off and men substituted. In the midst of this, an incessant and deluging rain, commencing when th~ command was duly mired and lasting eighteen hours, would have made the roads impassable but for the indomitable perseverance of all, * Embodied in table, p. 111 Page 217 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 217 officers and men, and their unconquerable determination to open the way for those coming after them. Admitting no impossibilities, the command continued slowly to move forward, some corduroying in advance, others relieving the animals and bringing up the wagons and artillery, and all cheerfully doing what was allotted to facilitate our progress or render our advance possible. Such united effort, such herculean tasks so effectually performed, and such cheerful endurance of incessant toil, fatigue, and exposure has rarely been equaled and never excelled. Nor was the work suspended by darkness. On either side of the road is a pitch-pine forest, or turpentine orchard, which had been duly tapped, and the trees being lighted furnished long lines of illumination, by the light of which the work was continued during the night by a portion of the command. Having extended the com- mand several miles along the road, corduroying and bridging, Colonel Bertrams brigade, being in advance, at length reached the East Fork of Fish River. I ordered him to push on to iDannellys Mills with his bri- gade, and there communicate with Major-General Canby, which he did; and I closely followed, with the Third Division, arriving at the latter place on the 23d of March. Two brigades crossed the river and encamped in line of battle on the right of the Sixteenth Army Corps. My First Brigade encamped on the south side of the river. At this point Colonel Bertram, pursuant to orders from the corps commander, ceased to report to me. March 25, at 3 p. in., my division moved with the army toward Spanish Fort, and encamped the evening of the 26th near the enemys works, in line of battle, and threw up temporary defenses. On the morning of the 27th, pursuant to orders from the corps com- mander, I moved my division forward in column of brigades, right in front, the brigades being in column of regiments. I held the right of the Thirteenth Army Corps, connecting with Brigadier-General Veatch, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, on my left, and with the Six- teenth Army Corps on my right. Arriving near the enemys works I found Brigadier-General Slacks brigade, of the First Division, fortify- ing their line in a portion of my front. I moved my division forward through Brigadier-General Slacks brigade, and passing his works, deployed my division in plain view and within half a mile of the enemys works. Colonel Grier, commanding First Brigade, by my direction deployed a regiment as skirmishers, who found the enemy~s skirmishers immediately in my front, and promptly drove them to the cover of their rifle-pits, near their works. My batteries were advanced to commanding positions upon spurs extending toward the enemy, and were, I believe, the first to open fire upon him. By my orders they kept up a steady and well-directed fire during the day, and at 2 p. in. were advanced to the positions they afterward held during the entire siege. My division was also advanced to within a few hundred yards of the works to the position held by its main line until the evacuation, and nearer, I believe,than any other troops approached that day, and with comparatively very few casualties. My line as finally established was by inversion of brigades. My division promptly covered its front by woi-ks of considerable strength, my skirmish line was advanced during the night, and my batteries strengthened. The history of the operations of my command from this time until the evacuation of the enemy shows a sleepless vigilance, a routine of incessant toil in the trenches night and day, a gradual and sure approach to the enemys works by means of the pick and spade, the digging of saps and parallels, the construction of batteries, making o Page 218 218 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. gabions and fascines, bringing np and mounting of siege guns, and all the labor incident to the operations of a siege. The First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, on my left, having been ordered to Blakely, that portion of the line was temporarily occupied by a brigade from the Sixteenth Army Corps, but on the 5th of April that brigade was also relieved from that part of the line, and by direction of the corps commander my line was extended so as to cover the former front of both the First and my own division. This was done by transferring my Third Brigade to my left. In addition to this two regiments were detached for engineer duty, one regiment was placed on duty at the rear by order of the corps commander, and another reported to Brigadier-General Bailey, at Starkes Landing, and remained detached until the evacuation. This extension of my line and consequent increase of the engineer operations and guard duty of my division, together with the aforesaid reduction in the numbers for that duty, rendered the duty of the officers and men incessant night and day. The saps and parallels in my front were, however, vigorously pressed for- ward. The pick and the spade always accompanied the picket, and the skirmish line was nightly contracted by its nearer approach to the enemys works, until at the time of the evacuation but a few steps intervened between his rifle-pits and those of my pickets. The most difficult ground for engineer operations on any part of the enemys line was in front of my division, and my working parties were less pro- tected from the enemys fire. Yet, notwithstanding all the obstacles to overcome, and the want of sufficient tools at the commencement, my works were as far advanced and as near completion, I believe, as upon any part of our line. In addition to the ordinary engineer operations of my division and the protection of my own batteries, a four-gun bat- tery for the Seventh Massachusetts Battery, a two-gun battery for 30-pounder Parrotts, and a ten-gun battery of 30-pounder Parrotts, siege howitzers, and mortars were constructed by the labor of my division. Late in the afternoon of the 31st of March the enemy, cov- ered by the smoke of the burning brush in front of our lines, made a sortie and succeeded in capturing 1 officer and 22 enlisted men of the Seventh Regiment Vermont Veteran Volunteers, and occupied for a short time one of my advanced rifle-pits, but soon after dark the line was retaken at the point of the bayonet, and afterward held by our men. The night of the 8th of April, anticipating some good results from the severe bombardment of the enemys works for two hours before dark, I ordered the number of my skirmishers doubled, and about 12 midnight Colonel Day, commanding Second Brigade, sent information that the works were being evacuated. I immediately sent Lieutenant Starck, of my staff, to notify the corps commander, and myself repaired to the front, where information met me that Captain Shepherd, Com- pany F, Ninety-first Illinois Volunteers, had entered Fort Alexis with a portion of his skirmishers, which information was also sent to the corps commander. Pursuant to orders I established my headquarters in Fort Alexis until morning and placed guards over the guns and magazines. Colonel Day fixes the time at which Captain Shepherd entered Fort Alexis at 11.45 p. m. of the 8th instant. Major Boydston, Thirty-third Iowa Volunteers, in charge of my skirmish line in front of Spanish Fort, at about the same time entered it and placed a guard over the magazines and reported his occupation to the commander of the Third Brigade, who reports that half an hour after he had pos- session of the fort he allowed his tired guards to be relieved by guard Page 219 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 219 from the command of Colonel Bertram. Having received orders on the morning of the 9th lo withdraw my artillery and niove to Blakely, it was promptly done, and the command marched via 0. Sibleys Mills, a distance of eight miles, to Blakely, where, while forming in support of the right of Major-General Steeles lines~ the successfal assault of his troops relieved my command of all their anticipated operations thereat. After a rest of two days, at dusk of the 11th instant my division was, pursuant to orders, on the road, and at midnight arrived at Starkes Landing. Colonel Griers brigade had moved to Spanish Fort in the afternoon and here rejoined the division. As rapidly as possible the division embarked on transports and landed about 10 oclock next morning at Magnolia Race-Course, west side of Mobile Bay, five miles from Mobile, and together with Brigadier-General Veatchs division marched to the outer works of Mobile and there encamped. Having thus, within less than a month after taking at Fort Morgan the advance of the army operating against Mobile, par- ticipated in all the labor and all the glorious successes of that army, which have resulted in the peaceful occupation of its objective point, a city which fell not until Richmond itself had fallen, and the great armies of Lee and Johnston surrendered, we quietly encamped within its defenses. The reports of my brigade commanders are herewith respectfully forwarded. The casualties which have occurred in my division during the time covered by this report are as follows: Killed, 16; wounded, 116; captured, 27; missing in action, 1. Total, 160.* When all did so well it almost seems invidious to particularize, still I cannot close this report withont recommending the promotion of Bvt. Brig. Gen. D. P. Grier, Col. H. M. iDay, Ninety-first Illinois Volunteers, and Col. Conrad Krez, Twenty-seventh Wisconsin Volunteers, commanding First, Second, and Third Brigades, respectively. To my entire staff I am gratefully indebted for prompt and valuable assistance. They all did well. Lieut. Co]. Robert F. Patterson, Twenty-ninth Iowa Volunteers, inspector-general and chief of staff, won the admiration of the entire command by his sleepless vigilance and soldierly bearing. I respect- fully recommend his promotion to the rank of brigadier-general. He has fully earned it, and it is an appointment fit to be made. Lient. Col. C. A. Smith, Thirty-fifth Wisconsin Volunteers, provost-marshal; Surg. Benjamin Durham, chief medical officer; Capt. John D. Rouse, Seventy-seventh Illinois Volunteers, acting assistant adjutant-general; Lient. W. H. York, Twentieth Wisconsin, acting assistant quarter- master; Capt. D. K. Hall, commissary of subsistence; Lient. J. M. Shields, acting ordnance officer, and Lient. F. E. Starek, Twentieth Iowa Volunteers, and Lient. John A. Prindle, Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers, aides-de-camp, have my thanks; and I respectfully recommend Capt. John P. Rouse, acting assistant adjutant-general, and Capt. Arnout Cannon, Ninety-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, acting engineer, for promotion, for rare efficiency and gallant bearing under fire. I have the honor to be, with great respect, your obedient servant, W. P. BENTON, Brigadier- General, Gommanding. Maj. F. W. EMERY, Assistant Adjutant-General, Thirteenth Army (Jorps. see table, p. 112 Page 220 220 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 36. Report of Got. David P. Grier, Seventy-seventh Illinois Infantry, com- manding First Brigade, of operations March 17April 9. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., THIRD Div., 13TH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. CAPTAIN: In obedience to orders received from division headquarters I have the honor to submit the following report of the movements of the brigade under my command since leaving Fort Morgan to the present time: On the 16th of March, 1865, I received orders to move with my com- mand at daylight on the morning of the 17th. In obedience to this order I started at 4 a. m. and marched about eleven miles. On the 18th marched about fifteen miles. On the 19th succeeded in marching about six miles, having been engaged most of the day in building cor- duroy roads. On the 20th remained in camp awaiting the arrival of our train, which had been detained by the bad roads. On the 21st we broke camp and started foward during a terrible rain-storm, which con- tinued until about 12 oclock. We did not succeed in moving over three miles, being compelled to move the artillery and trains with the men of my command. On the morning of the 22d I placed all my com- mand at work building corduroy roads, and marched at 2 oclock in the afternoon; went into camp late at night with the division train, having marched about three miles, and brought through the whole train over roads that might be considered impassable. On the 23d I moved at 6 a. in., still having the train of the division under my charge, and at 4 p. in. reached Fish River with the train. My command camped on the south bank of the river until the afternoon of the 25th, when we moved forward, still having the division train under my charge. On account of the bad roads the train was delayed, and I did not get it safely into camp nutil midnight, and was then compelled to corral it about two miles in rear of the balance of the division. On the morning of the 26th I moved at daylight, and at 5 p. m. camped about one mile and a half from Spa,nish Fort. At 8 oclock on the morning of the 27th I received orders to form my brigade and to move forward and take posi- tion on the right of the First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. I immediately formed in column by regiments, the Twenty-eighth Illinois in front, Seventy-seventh Illinois, Ninety-sixth Ohio, and Thirty-fifth Wisconsin immediately in rear, and deployed four companies from the first three regiments as skirmishers. I advanced my line in this order about half a mile, when I deployed my column into line, withdrew the four companies, and deployed the Ninety-sixth Ohio as skir- mishers. My whole line then advanced, passed over troops of some division formed in rear of some works, and had proceeded but a short distance when my skirmishers discovered the skirmish line of the enemy advancing over the brow of the hill immediately in advance. We at once opened fire on them,and theyhastilyretreated to theirworks, firing but very few shots. The Ninety-sixth Ohio then advanced about 100 yards in front of the hill on which the Seventh Massachusetts Battery was afterward placed. I then moved my brigade and placed it in camp under the brow of the same hill. My brigade remained in this position for two or three days, when I was directed by the division commander to form two lines. In obedience to this order I moved the Ninety-sixth Ohio and Thirty- fi2th Wisconsin about 500 yards to the rear. The next day after movin Page 221 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 221 the Thirty-fifth Wisconsin was temporarily detached, by order of the commanding general of the corps, for the purpose of doing some engi- neer work in front of the whole corps. The balance of my command retained their camps during the whole siege, although our skirmish line was changed twice. The approaches and parallels which were placed under my charge were worked at by the men day and night, and just before the evacuation of the fort we had approached to within a very few yards of the enemys works. The officers and men of all the regi- ments in my command deserve great credit for the energy and zeal they displayed in pushing forward the work allotted to them. Most of them worked and skirmished four nights in succession without any sleep or rest, and it seemed to be the determination of all to take the works of the enemy at all hazards. Colonel Orif and Lieutenant-Colonels Reid, Brown, and IRitter, of the Thirty-fifth Wisconsin, Seventy-seventh Illi- nois, Ninety-sixth Ohio, and Twenty-eighth Illinois, deserve special mention for their untiring energy, as they all personally superintended the works under the charge of their regiments, and could be found in the front works both day and night. On the night of the 8th of April the enemy evacuated his works, and the pickets belonging to my com- mand were in the fort before all the troops of the enemy had vacated it. On the 9th, about 1 p. in., my command moved out on the Blakely road and arrived here at 5.30, just in time to form line and be in readi- ness to support the assaulting column on Blakely. Our services, how- ever, were not needed, as the troops already here gallantly carried the enemys works by assault. I am indebted to my staff officersLicut. II. P. Ayres, Seventy-seventh Illinois, acting assistant adjutant-general; Captain iDurell, Twenty-eighth Illinois, acting assistant quartermaster, and Lieutenant McClurg, Ninety-sixth Ohio, acting aide-de-camp for valuable services during the march and siege. Inclosed you will find a complete list of the casualties of the different regiments in my command from the 17th of March to the 9th of April.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, D. ~. GRIER, (Jot. 77th Illinois Vols., Comdg. 1st Brig., 3d Div., 13th Army Corps. Capt. JOHN D. ROUSE, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. No. 37. Reports of Col. Henry M. Day, Ninety-first Illinois Infantry, command ing Second Brigade, of operations March 17April 15. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD Div., 13TH ARMY CoRPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this brigade since leaving Navy Cove, Ala.: In compliance with orders from division headquarters the brigade left Navy Cove on the morning of the 17th of March, 1865, and, after a march rendered slow and toilsome by the bad condition of the roads, went into camp on the 23d on the right bank of the North Branch of Fish River, where it remained until the First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, and the supply train came up. The brigade broke camp and moved forward * Embodied in table, p. ill Page 222 222 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & (I. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. again on the 25th, and, having marched a distance of about fifteen miles, went into camp about a mile and a half from Spanish Fort, Ala., on the evening of the 26th. On the morning of the 27th, the order of battle being formed, the brigade in column of battalions occupied the center of division. The formation of the brigade was as follows: In advance the Ninety-first Illinois, followed by the Twenty-ninth Iowa, after which the Fiftieth Indiana Volunteers, and in the rear the Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers. The brigade moved forward to within about 600 yards of Fort Alexis, where in easy range of the rebel bat- teries it maintained its position during the whole day under a heavy fire. The skirmish line advanced to within 350 yards of the rebel works. In the course of the afternoon a detail from the brigade constructed a temporary breast-work in front of the Twenty-first New York Battery, which occupied a position on the right. Immediately after dark the Fiftieth Indiana and the Seventh Vermont having been moved to the rear about 200 yards, the Ninety-first Illinois and Twenty-ninth Iowa began to dig trenches and construct breast-works a little in advance of the ground occupied during the day, and before morning formed a suf- ficient protection from the enemys sharpshooters, who had greatly annoyed us. Early in the morning of the 28th they were relieved by the Seventh and Twenty-ninth, who strengthened the works during the day. On the night of the 28th our skirmishers advanced to within 250 yards of the rebel works and dug rifle-pits. From this time until the 30th of March the trenches were occupied alternately by the regi- ments of the brigade, and the skirmish line was advanced to within 100 yards of the fort. On the 30th the Twenty-ninth Iowa was tempo- rarily detached and placed on picket duty, and on the 1st of April the Seventh Vermont was also detached and placed on engineer duty, thus leaving only two regiments under my immediate command. On the afternoon of the 1st of April the enemy made a charge on our rifle-pits occupied by the skirmishers and succeeded in capturing Capt. R. B. Stearns, Company K, Seventh Vermont, and 21 of his men. The enemy lost a number in killed and wounded. At night the rifle-pits lost during the day were retaken and held by our men. The time between this and the 8th of April was chiefly spent in strengthening works already begun, and building others not immediately connected with the brigade. On the evening of the 8th, in obedience to orders from division headquarters, the advance and reserve skirmishers were doubled, and at about 11.45 oclock Captain Shepherd, Company F, Ninety-first Illinois, hearing a shouting toward the right, and our guns cease firing, pushed forward over the rebel works with a portion of the skirmishers from the Ninety-first Illinois and Fiftieth Indiana and found that the enemy had evacuated. The works iu front of our lines were shortly after occupied by the Ninety-first Illinois Volunteers. The works contained two 64-pounder columbiads, two 12-pounder and one 10-pounder rifled guns, which, in obedience to orders, were turned over on the morning of the 9th to a detachment of the First Brigade, Second Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. At about 1 oclock on the 9th, the Twenty-ninth Iowa and Seventh Vermont having rejoined the command, the brigade left Spanish Fort, and, arriving at its present camp iu the evening, formed on the right of General Hawkins division, but a successftil assault made by the troops of Major-General Steeles command rendered it unnecessary to go into action. Annexed to this report is a list of casualties which have occurred in the brigade, and which I respectfully submit as a part of the same.* I take pleasure in Embodied in table, p. 112 Page 223 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 223 testifying to the prompt and cheerful manner in which both officers and men of my command discharged their duties, and am proud to say that I have no instance of misbehavior on the part of either to recor dT. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ll.M. DAY, Capt. ~. B. ROUSE, Colonel, Commanding Second Brigade. Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD Div., 13TH ARMY CORPS, Eight-Mile Station, Ala., April 16, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this brigade from the 10th day of April, 1865, to the 15th day of April, 1865, inclusive: At sunset on the evening of the 11th, the brigade being in camp near Blakely, Ala., orders were received from division headquarters to march at once. The brigade was immediately formed and marched in advance of the division to Starkes Landing, a distance of nine miles, and embarked on board transports. At an early hour next morning the fleet crossed Mobile Bay, landed during the day, and marched to within one mile and a half of the city without encountering any opposing force, the enemy having evacuated the city and defenses during the previous day and night. On the morning of the 13th the march was resumed pursnant to orders; the brigade marched through Mobile to the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. To comply with orders from General Benton, com- manding division, I took the Ninety-first Illinois and Twenty-ninth Iowa on the railroad track and pushed on to Whistler; the Seventh Vermont and Twenty-ninth Iowa marched with the main column. The two reg- iments on the railroad track were pushed on to the village as rapidly as possible. Shortly before reaching the place four companies of the Ninety-first Illinois, that had been sent out as advance guard and flank- ers, were deployed as skirmishers, with orders to push on through the town. When about 150 yards beyond and to the left of the railroad they came in contact with a force of rebel cavalry. The Ninety-first Illinois were immediately ordered up on double-quick, and pushed for- ward to support the skirmish line, which was closely engaged. Colonel Benton, coming up with the Twenty-ninth Iowa, formed his regiment on the left of the Ninety-first Illinois. This movement was scarcely executed when Colonel Holbrook came up with the Seventh Vermont and Fiftieth Indiana. These last regiments were immediately formed as a support for those in front. The skirmishers had by this time advanced to within a few yards of Eight-Mile Creek bridge, where tI~ie enemy had posted about 300 men to burn the bridge, upon which several fires were already lighted. Quite a sharp fire was kept up here for four or five min- utes, when I ordered Capt. Augustus P. Stover, Ninety-first Illinois Vol- unteers, with twenty men of the skirmish line, to charge over the bridge, which he did, driving the enemy from his position. The pursuit was kept up for about a mile and a half but the enemy being mounted and scattered in confusion, a farther advance was deemed useless. In this affair the INinety-first Illinois lost 1 mortally and 2 seriously wounded. The enemys loss, as near as can be ascertained, was 4 killed and 2 wounded. In closing this report I desire to make special mention of the prompt manner in which Col. W. C. Holbrook, commanding Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers, brought up his regiment and the Fiftieth Indiana to support the two regiments in advance. The brigade is no Page 224 224 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. encamped at Eight-Mile Station, where I have put a grist-mill and saw- mill into operation. Yesterday (15th) a detachment of the brigade under Colonel Benton, Twenty-ninth Iowa Volunteers, while out scout- ing, captured two rebel prisoners. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. M. DAY, Colonel, Cornma~di~g Second Brigade. Capt. J. D. ROUSE, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Third Division. No. 38. Reports of Col. William C. Holbrook, Seventh Vermont Infantry, of oper ations March 17April 17. HDQRS. SEVENTH VERMONT VETERAN VOLUNTEERS, In the Field, near Mobile, Ala., A 17, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the part taken by my regi- ment in the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala., near Mobile, Ala.: The regiment left Mobile Point March 17, and arrived before Spanish Fort on the morning of March 27, 1865. The division to which the regiment is attached (Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps) was massed and moved forward to within about 500 yards of the rebel works, driving back the enemys skirmishers as it advanced. The line was here halted, and we remained in this position during the day, sub- jected to a heavy fire of artillery and musketry. At night-fall a line of works was commenced, and during the night we moved into the trenches. The regiment daily furnished one or two companies for the skirmish line. The advance rifle-pits were within a few yards of the rebel works. Those held by this regiment were exposed to an incessant flank fire from the enemys artillery. Captain Stearns and 21 men of Company K were captured in these pits. The enemys shells had compelled his snpports to fall back, and had set fire to the grass and fallen timber in his rear, enveloping the entire line in a dense cloud of smoke. Captain Stearns, how ever, maintained his position. About dark the rebels made a sortie, capturing him and 21 of his men. Dur- ing the last days of the siege the regiment assisted in putting the siege guns into position and making approaches. In this perilous operation several were wounded. The regiment has in every instance done excellently well, and both officers and men have behaved with great gallantry. * * * * * * * I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. C. HOLBROOK, Colonel Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers. PETER T. WASHBURN, Adjutant and Inspector General, State of Vermont. HDQRS. SEVENTH VERMONT VETERAN VOLUNTEERS, Whistler, Ala., A 17, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the operations of this regiment subsequent to the capture of Spanish Fort, Ala.: Immediately after the fall of Spanish Fort the regiment proceeded to Blakely, where it remained two days. On the evening of the 11t Page 225 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 225 instant our division marched to Starkes Landing and went aboard transports. The next day about noon we disembarked at a point about six miles from Mobile, and marched to within about a mile of the city, where we encamped for the night. The next day we marched through Mobile and proceeded to Whistler, a station on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, where we found a party of rebel cavalry. After a brisk skirmish they retreated. The regiment is at present encamped at Whistler, Ala., about six miles from Mobile. I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. C. HOLBROOK, Colonel Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers. PETER T. WASHBURN, Adjutant and Inspector General, State of Vermont. No. 39. Report of Capt. Riley B. Stearns, Seventh Vermont Infantry, of operations March 3031. IIDQRS. SEVENTH VERMONT VETERAN VOLUNTEERS, Near Mobile, Ala., May 17, 1865. PETER T. WASHBURN, Adjutant and inspector General, State of Vermont: GENERAL: I have the honor herewith to transmit the official report of Capt. R. B. Stearns, who was captured, together with 21 men of my regiment, at the siege of Spanish Fort, near Mobile, Ala. Captain Stearns is one of the most efficient officers in my regiment, and the gallantry of himself and the men 1 deem worthy of record. I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. C. HOLBROOK, Colonel Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers. [IncloBure.] CAMP PAROLE, near Vicksburg, Miss., April 16, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report that in obedience to instructions from regimental and brigade headquarters, I relieved Captain Parker on the skirmish line in front of my command on the evening of the 30th ultimo. Nothing of interest transpired during the night. The enemy fired at our position several times, which was returned by my men. Soon after daylight on the 31st the enemy opened upon me with shell from a gun on one of the inland faces of the fort at our extreme left, and I soon found that they had got our range admirably. I had during the night constructed rude bomb-proofs, and during the shelling ordered my men into them. The shelling soon stopped, and all was quiet on the line until about 12 in., when the same gun again opened fire. The shelling was now so terrific that I determined to fall back a short distance as soon as it became dark, and dispatched Corporal Crothers to regi- mental headquarters for instructions. I sent word by him that I expected to be assaulted before dark, and requested that the gun which was annoying me be silenced, or that the enemys line in my front be shelled, and I would fall back under the fire. At about 2 p. m. the enemy fired the slash of trees, & c., covering the ground on the right of 15 R RVOL XLIX~ PT Page 226 226 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. me, and I gave the order to my men to fall back singly, as I foresaw that we should be smoked or burned out, for there were several trees felled close to my position. As soon as the first man left I counter- manded the order, for hundreds of bullets were sent after him. I think, however, that he was uninjured. During the shelling many of my men and others on the left had left their rifle-pits and fallen back. In doing this one of my men was wounded (Private Charles 0. Storrs). Just before sunset the fire had extended around my rear and on my left, making so dense a smoke that our lines could not be seen. At this time the shelling was resumed, and iu less than ten minutes fifteen shells were exploded inside and directly over the pit in which myself and ten men were stationed. I had my men cover themselves as best they could, and ordered bayonets to be fixed in anticipation of a charge being made. At sunset the shelling suddenly ceased and the charge was made, in which myself and 21 of my men were captured. The assaulting party was composed of Captain Wilcox [Watson], of General Gibsons staff, a lieutenant, and thirty men, fifteen of whom were picked from the entire garrison. The remainder were volunteers. The charge was so sudden and vigorous that we could offer but little resistance. I gave the com- mand to fire, which was obeyed by the majority of my men, but the next instant every man had at least one musket at his head, with a summons to surrender. I found two muskets and a revolver pointing at me, with a request to come out of the pit. I accepted the alter- native thus offered, and in a short time found myself before General Gibson, C. S. Army, who paid a very high tribute to the men of my command. He said he had never seen troops stand shelling as we had that day. From him I learned the plan which resulted in my capture, which is as I have described it. The fire was kindled, that the smoke might cover the assaulting party from our batteries. General Gibson informed me that no other part of the line would be molested; that mine was particularly obnoxious to them, as that forenoon we had killed his chief of artillery, Colonel Garnett [Burnet], and wounded several others. I was taken to Mobile the 1st, to Meridian, Miss., the 3d, where I have been confined in a stockade until three days since I came to Jackson,and from there to this place; arrived here last evening. Appended is a list of the men captured.* I do not know how many got away; think some must have, been killed. Respectfully, your obedient servant, H. B. STEARNS, Captain, Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers. Lieut. GEORGE W. SHELDON, Adjutant Seventh Vermont Veteran Volunteers. No. 40. Report of Col Conrad Krez, Twenty-seventh Wisconsin Infantr~q, com manding Third Brigade, of operations March 17April 12. IIDQRS. THIRD BRIG., THIRD Div., 13TH AR1~tv CORPS, Whistler, Ala., April 15, 1865. CAPTAIN: Pursuant to orders from headquarters of the division I have the honor to report that on the 17th day of March last my com * Omitted Page 227 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 227 mand broke up camp near Fort Morgan, Ala., and marched with the rest of the division to Fish Creek, Ala~, where it arrived in the afternoon of the 23d day of last month, after a most fatiguing march through quicksand, swamps, and over the bottomless roads of South Alabama, that afforded no foothold to horses or mules. With the few tools in the command my brigade was engaged in making corduroys over the worst part of the roads and dragging the artillery and trains over it by hand. On the 25th of same month the command left Fish Creek and arrived in the immediate neighborhood of Spanish Fort in the evening of the 26th, same month. On the 27th I was ordered to detail one regiment for train guard, to which duty the Seventy-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry was assigned. The whole division then marched out, right in front, in column by battalion, my brigade in the rear. When the enemys works came in sight the brigade was deployed, and two regi. ments, the Thirty-third Iowa and Twenty-seventh Wisconsin, were ordered to support the Twenty-sixth New York Battery, holding the Twenty-eighth Wisconsin in reserve. After the battery had taken position opposite the enemys works on their left, the brigade took position in front of the artillery on the extreme right of the line of the division, connecting with the left of General A. J. Smiths line. By that time the enemy had opened his fire, and kept it up until dark without inflicting any loss on the brigade. On the 28th I was ordered to relieve part of the skirmishers of the Second Brigade in my front and to push the line as near as possible to the enemys works. Four com- panies, under charge of Capt. James Gunn, Twenty-seventh Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, brigade officer of the day, were ordered out for that purpose, who pushed the line within 200 yards of the middle fort driving the rebel sharpshooters out of their rifle-pits. This was done in a most gallant manner in open daylight under a heavy musketry fire that commanded the ravine which had to be crossed by my men. The loss in so advancing the line consisted in 8 wounded in the Thirty-third Iowa, amongst whom were Capt. William S. Parmley and Capt. George R. Ledyard; 6 wounded in the Twenty-eighth Wisconsin; 1 killed and 4 wounded in the Twenty-seventh Wisconsin, making a total of 1 killed and 18 wounded. In maintaining that line, which was by far nearer to the enemys works than any other part of the line, and mak- ing the necessary connections I further lost 4 wounded in the Thirty- third Iowa, 1 killed and 6 wounded in the Twenty-seventh Wisconsin, and 2 killed and 6 wounded in the Twenty-eighth Wisconsin, up to the 4th day of April, instant, making a total loss from the 27th day of March to the last-mentioned day of 4 killed and 34 wounded. On the 2d of April my position was changed from the extreme right of the division to its extreme left, connecting with the right of Colonel Bertrams brigade, opposite Spanish Fort. It is well known to the commanding general how incessantlyand how faithfully my men worked night and day in digging rifle-pits, parallels, and approaches in front of the rebel works. In the evening of the 8th instant at about 10 oclock it became apparent that the enemy was evacuating the fort, and notice to that effect having been sent to me by Maj. C. B. Boydston, Thirty. third Iowa, in charge of the skirmish line, I sent orders to him to take possession of the fort, which he did, placing guards over the magazines and artillery. Having sent to headquarters of the division for instruc- tions, I was ordered not to send any troops in but The skirmishers. Half an hour after I had possession of the fort and all its contents. Part of Colonel Bertrams command on my left entered the fort, an Page 228 228 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Major Boydston, not considering it a special claim to honor to keep possession of an evacuated place, allowed his tired guards to be relieved by guards from the command of Colonel Bertram. The day next fob lowing the brigade was ordered to Blakely, where I arrived the same day in the evening and encamped until the evening of the 11th instant, resting and recuperating, when I was ordered back to Spanish Fort to embark for Mobile. After a most fatiguing night march the brigade arrived at Starkes Landing on the morning of the 12th instant, and after considerable delay, orders and counter orders to embark, I succeeded at last, shipping the Thirty-third Iowa aboard of the General Banks; the Seventy-seventh Ohio, which had rejoined the brigade at Blakely, and the Twenty-eighth Wisconsin aboard the Tin-clad, No. 46. Although the last to embark, the first troops of the Third Division landed below Mobile on the west side of the bay did belong to my brigade. No transportation was furnished for the Twentyseventh Wisconsin, and the same was left at Starkes Landing and has not yet rejoined the command. On the 12th instant the brigade reached Mobile and en- camped in the outskirts of the city, having done its full share in closing the last campaign of any magnitude in the present rebellion, should the last news of our victories in other quarters prove to be correct. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, CONRAD KREZ, Colonel Twenty-seventh Wisconsin lnfty. Vols., Comdg. Brigade. Capt. J. D. ROUSE, Actg. Aest. Adjt. Gen., Third Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. No. 41. Report of Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith, U. S. Army, commanding Sixteenth Army Corps, of operations March 25April 9. HEADQUARTERS SIXTEENTH ARlvnr CORPS, Montgomery, Ala., May 13, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the part taken by my com- mand in the operations around Mobile, which resulted in the capture of Spanish Fort and Blakely: The corps having been concentrated at Dannellys Mills, the head of navigation on the North Branch of Fish River, on the morning of the 25th of March, the command moved forward northwest by north, men- acing both Spanish Fort and Blakely. Continuing the march on the 26th, with some slight skirmishing we reached Sibleys Mills, a point on Minette Creek four miles from Spanish Fort and about seven miles from Blakely. On the morning of the 27th, in obedience to instructions from Major-General Canby, the Second Division of my command, Brig. Gen. K. Garrard commanding, was left at this point in an intrenched camp covering the Blakely road where it crosses Minette Creek, in charge of tue supply trains of the corps. With the Ffrst and Third Divisions of the corps, I moved southwest of Spanish Fort, driving the enemys skirmishers and pickets inside their works. The divisions wei~e placed in position as follows: The Third Division, Brig. Gen. E. A. Carr, on the right, with his right resting on Minette Bay, the First Division, Brig. Gen. J. McArthur commanding, on th Page 229 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 229 left, connecting with the Thirteenth Corps on the left and the Third Division on the right, with their lines advanced to within about 400 yards of the enemys works, at which distance the first parallel was made. From this parallel saps were worked forward by each brigade, and these again connected by trenches at a distance of about 200 yards from the enemys works. From the second parallel saps were again worked forward by each brigade to distances varying from twenty-five to seventy-five yards, depending upon the nature of the ground. The saps of the First Division were the nearest to the works of the enemy at the time of the capture of the forts. During the time occupied in making these approaches, siege artillery was brought forward and placed in every available position along the line. Two forts of the enemy, Forts Huger and Tracy, situated on islands above Spanish Fort, enfiladed the right of my line, and, with the assistance of two gun-boats, killed and wounded many men in the Third Division. They so completely enfiladed my right flank that it became necessary to build traverses on the right of every exposed company. Every man in my command was on duty once in twentyfour hours, and at one time in the Third Division the officers and non-commissioned officers held the trenches while the men slept. Two 30-pounder batteries of the First Indiana Heavy Artillery arriving, were placed~on the bay in rear of the right of my line, and by them the gun-boats were driven away and the two forts nearly silenced. Siege mortars were placed along the first parallel and the pioneer corps of both divisions instructed to manufacture wooden mortars of 4.62 for use in the saps. Six were made by each division and rendered excellent service. Everything being prepared, on the 8th of April orders were received to open at 5~30 p. in., with every piece that could throw iron into the fort, and continue until dark. Both divisions were ordered into the trenches to be ready for any emergency. Just before dark, pushing forward two companies of skirmishers on the extreme right of the Third Division, supported by the remainder of the regiment, they succeeded in gaining a foothold on the left of the enemys works, enfilading the left of their line with musketry. The other regiments. of the brigade (Third Brigade, Third Division, Gel. J. L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa Infantry, commanding) fol- lowing immediately, they took about 300 yards of the enemys main line of works, capturing many prisoners in them. As soon as support could be withdrawn from other parts of the line and sent them, they continued advancing slowly, meeting with but little resistance, and by midnight the whole fort was in our possession. About two-thirds of the garrison escaped by crossing the river on a foot bridge to the island on which Fort Huger was situated, and from thence by steamers to Blakely. The captures amounted to 540 prisoners, 46 pieces of artillery, including three 7-inch Brooke in the water battery, and two 8-inch columbiads in front, and 4 stand of colors. Our entire loss during the siege is 26 killed,319 wounded, and 3 captured; total, 348. The fort and its contents were turned over to Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger on the morning of the 9th of April, and my forces withdrawn and sent to the support of General Garrard at Blakely, where he had been ordered to co-operate with Gen- eral Steele and complete the line of investment on the 3d of April. On the morning of the 9th of April 1 directed General Garrard to assault Fort Blakely at 5.30 that night, and also directed Generals McArthur and Carr to move within supporting distance and assist him, if necessary. General Garrard made the assault at the time indicated by advancing a double line of ekirmishers, followed by a second line of the same kind Page 230 230 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. with directions to his main line to occupy their places in the advanced pits as soon as they left them, and charge as soon as the advanced line reached the works. By this happy arrangement but few men were exposed to the enemys fire until the advance skirmish line was near enough to silence the enemys artillery, although all were in easy musket- range. The first line advancing under a heavy fire of musketry and canister, covered by a sharp fire from the main line, soon reached the main works, and a cheer was given as a signal to charge. The charge was made successfully and taken up by the Thirteenth Corps and Gen- eral Steeles command on the right. I am certain that the advance line of General Garrard was on the parapet with their colors at the time the other commands started. He captured in his immediate front 1,624 prisoners, including 2 brigadier-generals and 98 officers, 4 stand of colors, 21 pieces of artillery, and 4 mortars. His loss was 42 killed, 142 wounded, and 4 missing; total 188. This makes the results of the two days at Spanish Fort and Blakely as follows: 2,164 prisoners, 71 pieces of artillery, 8 stand of colors, and nearly 3,000 stand of small- arms. The loss of the command at both places is, killed 68, wounded 461, captured 5, missing 2; total 536. I transmit herewith the reports of division and brigade commanders and a full list of casualties,* with a schedule of the artillery captured. My division and brigade coin- manders behaved nobly throughout, and to their energy, skill and endurance is due the main credit of the success. I would especially mention Col. James L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, Third Division, for his gallantry and grit in the charge on Spanish Fort. Although suffering with a severe chill at the time, yet he remained upon the field and superintended the movements. Also Lieutenant-Colonel Lackland, One hundred and eighth Illinois Volun- teers, serving upon the staff of General Carr, who took a musket and led personally the two skirmishing companies that first gained a foot- hold within the enemys works. Capt. Bluford Wilson, assistant adju- tant-general, Third I)ivision, particularly distinguished himself during the siege and acted as aide to Colonel Geddes during the assault. Capt. H. L. Wheeler, Ninety-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry, acting engi- neer officer, Third Division, performed his work with great skill, energy, and industry. In the Second Division, Col. T. J. Kinney, Omie hun. dred and nineteenth Illinois infantry, and Lieut. Col. Charles S. Hills, Tenth Kansas Infantry, led the advance skirmish line in front of their respective brigades and have more than earned promotion. First Lient. and Bvt. Capt. Charles J. Allen, U. S. Army, chief engineer, per- formed his duty excellently well and rendered efficient help both at Spanish Fort and Blakely by his judgment, ability, and industry. To my staff is due much credit for their intelligent appreciation and prompt execution of the duties pertaining to their several departments. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. J. SMITH, Major- General. Brig. Gen. P. J. OSTERHAUS, Chief of ktaff, Military Division of West ]Jlississijppi. * Embodied in table, p. 112 Page 231 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. [Inclosure.] List of artillery captured at Spanish Fort, 4-c., Ala., by the Sixteenth Army Corps on the 8th day of April, 1865. Place of capture. Number. Kind of gun. Caliber. Spanish Fort 8 6-pounder gun, smooth, bronze 3.67 Do 3 12-pounder gun, smooth, bronze 4.62 Do 2 8-inch columbiad Do 3 Blakely rifled gun 3.10 Do 9 Coehorn mortar. 5.82 rort Alexis 1 30-pounder Parrott gun Do 2 24-pounder Dahigren boat howitzer Do 1 24-pounder siege howitzer, iron Do 3 6-pounder gun, smooth, bronze 3.67 Do 2 Rifled gun, bronze 3.67 Do 1 Rifled gun, iron 3.67 Do 1 Coehoru mortar 5.82 Do 1 Brooke rifled gun 6.4 At landing 4 Coehorn mortar 5.82 Do 2 Mountain howitzer 4.62 Water Battery 3 Brooke rifled gun 6.4 Total guns 46 CLASSIFICATION. 8-inch columbiads 2 Brooke rifled guns, caliber 6.4 4 Parrott 30-pounder gun 1 Blakely rifled guns, caliber 3.10 3 Rifled guns, bronze, caliber 3.67 2 Rifled gun, iron, caliber 3.67 1 24-pounder Dahigren boat howitzers, bronze 2 24-pounder siege howitzer, iron 1 12-pounder smooth guns, bronze, caliber 4.62 3 6-pounder smooth-bore guns, bronze, caliber 3.67 11 Mountain howitzers, caliber 4.62 2 Coehorn mortars 14 Total 46 I certify that the above is a correct account of artillery captured at Spanish Fort, & c., Ala., April 8, 1865. JOHN B. PANKES, Second Lieutenant, Seventeenth New York Veteran Volunteers, and Acting Ordnance Officer, Sixteenth Army Corps. ADDENDA. HEADQUARTERS SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, In the Field, Ala., April 12, 1865. Lent. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Army and Division of West Mississippi: COLONEL: I have the honor to forward herewith eight Confederate flags captured by the troops of this corps at Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely. Five of them were captured in the charge under circumstances which entitle the captors to medals of honor, to wit: Capt. Samuel McConnell,* One hundred and nineteenth illinois Infantry; Sergt. George F. iRebman,* One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Infantry; Pri- vate John Whitmore,* One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Infantry; Private John II. Callahan,* One hundred and twenty-second [illinois Infantry], each of whom captured a flag at Fort Blakely, Ala., in the charge on enemys works, April 9, 1865; First Sergt. Edgar A. Bras,* Awarded a Medal of Honor. 23 Page 232 232 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Company K, Eighth Iowa Veteran Volunteers, who captured a flag from the hands of the color-bearer, in the charge on Spanish Fort, April 8, 1865. I have had the names of the above men written in ink on the flag captured by them. The other three were found in Spanish Fort after it had been taken, and no special credit attaches to the capture. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. J. SMITH, Major- General. HDQRS. ARMY AND DIvISIoN OF WEST Mississippi, April 12, 1865. Maj. Gen. A. J. SMITH, Commanding sixteenth Army Corps: SIR: I have the honor, by direction of the major-general command- ing, to acknowledge the receipt of your communication of this date and of eight rebel flags, captured by officers and men of your command in the charges on Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely. The persons named in your communication will be recommended to the War Department for medals of honor. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Lieutenant- Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 42. Report of Surg. William H. Thome, U. S. Army, Medical Director. HEADQUARTERS SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, OFFICE MEDICAL DIRECTOR, Montgomery, Ala., April 30, 1865. SIR: In compliance with circular No. 25, Surgeon-Generals Office, 1865, I have the honor to forward the following report of medical oper- ations of this command in the campaign against Mobile, Ala.: This command was organized into a corps at New Orleans on or about the 21st of February, 1865. It comprises forty regiments, divided into three divisions, mainly western troops, with one regiment from New York and one from New Jersey. Nearly all have been in active service for two years or more. Their morale was excellent and the sanitary condition good. Each regiment was furnished with a pannier, or a porta- ble medicine chest, which were kept filled by timely requisitions on the division supply contained in one Perot medical wagon and several six- mule teams for each division. The ambulance corps was organized according to law, and a division field hospital at the rate of one tent to a regiment. We left New Orleans on transports about the 12th of March, and after a short stay on Dauphin Island sailed across Mobile Bay and up Fish River to Dannellys Landing, where we debarked. Thence three days short marches through the pines brought us to the vicinity of Spanish Fort on the 27th of March, against which we immediately commenced siege operations (and one division of this command against the defenses at Blakely). Spanish Fort was taken by storm on the 8th, and Blakely in the same manner on the 9th of April, up to which period our men were constantly subjected to fatigue duty in th Page 233 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 233 trenches. The weather during the whole period was fine, neither too hot nor too cold, with very little rain. Water and supplies were con- siderably abundant and good, and the general health of the command preserved the usual average. During the siege all men who were wounded were conveyed on stretchers or carried by hand to the med- ical depot in the rear of the trenches, whence, after the proper attention, they were transferred to the division field hospital farther in the rear, where the proper amount of water and shelter could be obtained. Each division hospital was capable of accommodating 200 men, and was provided with bunks, bed-sacks, or leaves, on which the wounded were placed. The wounded were almost daily transferred by steamer to the general hospitals at New Orleans, and at no time were the field hospitals crowded. Medical and hospital supplies were amply sufficient and provisions in reasonable quantity. There were the usual variety of gunshot and shell wounds. But few of the wounded died in hospital, and the whole number treated in the field hospitals was about 500. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. II. THOME, Surgeon, U. S. Vols., Medical Director, Sixteenth Army Corps. Col. E. II. ABADIE, Chief Medical Officer, Army and Div. of West Mississippi. No. 43. Report of Brig. Gen. John McArthur, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, of operations March 19April 9. llnQus. FIRST DIVIsION, SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report the duty performed by my command during the campaign against Mobile, Ala., resulting in the capture of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely: The division embarked on board transports, part going by sea and part by way of Lake Pontchartrain, the whole command arriving at Fort Gaines, Dauphin Island, Ala., on the 7th ultimo. On the 19th again embarked on steamers and proceeded to the head of naviga- tion on Fish River, where they debarked and intrenched their camp. On the morning of the 25th again moved forward in advance of the army, skirmishing and driving the enemy easily. Intrenched again for the night; moved again next day and encamped within three miles of Spanish Fort. On the morning of the 27th advanced on the fort, skirmishing with the enemy and driving them into their works, taking a position about 400 yards from the fort, and con- structed the first parallel of works, behind which the men encamped during the continuance of the siege. The Second Iowa Battery was put in position in a strong work constructed for it 400 yards from what was called the Red Fort; the Third Indiana Battery of Rodman guns in a work about 1,000 yards distant, and to the left of the Second Iowa. The brigades were in line according to their number from right to left, each commencing a sap toward the enemys works, which were again united by a second parallel, from which a harassing fire was kept up on the enemys works. The sap was again continued and pushed to within seventy-five yards of the fort, when an attack by the right br Page 234 234 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. gade of General Carrs division on the night of the 8th of April, fol. lowed up by the other troops, resulted in the capture of the fort with its contents, the Forty.seventh Illinois Infantry of my command being the first to enter and take possession of Fort Alexis, turning the same over to the troops of the Thirteenth Army Corps on their arrival, in whose front it was situated and to whom it properly belonged. On the morning of the 9th, in obedience to orders, the division moved to Blakely, with instructions to support the Second Division in its attack on Fort Blakely the same day, but fortunately were not required, with the exception of the Third Indiana Battery, Captain (hun com- manding, which took part with the Second Division, who performed the work in gallant style. About 2,035 yards of sap were dug and about 3,975 yards of parallels, besides two additional works for heavy guns. About 340,000 rounds of musketry ammunition were expended, and about 200 rounds of 12-pounder shell thrown from a battery of wooden mortars constructed by the pioneer corps, and which rendered excel- lent service in covering the working parties. The number of guns and prisoners, with the exception of 49 prisoners of war and 1 commissioned officer, were taken by the Third Division, who were the first to enter, and who are entitled to the credit of the same, with the exception of Fort Alexis with its guns, eleven in number, which were turned over by the Forty-seventh Illinois Infantry, as before mentioned, to the Thir- teenth Army Corps. The skirmishers of the Second Brigade, under command of Captain French, of the Fifth Minnesota Infantry, also cap. tured one light 12-pounder gun with a few prisoners near the steam- boat landing, who were left in the fort with the others captured. The Third Brigade, Col. W. R. Marshall commanding, were detailed a por- tion of the time to supply the place of General Veatchs division. For account of these operations while on such duty I respectfully refer you to tlie report of Colonel Marshall, accompanying this. Please find also report of the list of casualties of the division,* together with a map t of the portion of the works occupied by the division during the siege, pre- pared by Capt ID. W. Weilman, Ninth Minnesota Infantry, on duty as engineer of the division, to whom my thanks are especially due for effi- cient and skillful services rendered, and would earnestly recommend him for promotion or transfer to the Engineer Corps of the Regular Army. My thanks are also due to the other officers of my staff for earnest and untiring assistance during these operations. The wounded were promptly taken off the field and attended to under the careful supervision of Dr. M. W. Fish, of the Eleventh Missouri, senior surgeon, afterward by Doctor Hunt, surgeon of volunteers and medical director of division, to whom my thanks are due. The total casualties during these operations were, killed 16, wounded 152. The troops behaved with their usual spirit and gallantry, officers and men vieiug with each other in the energetic discharge of their duty. This is attributable in an especial manner to the conduct and skillful management of the bri- gade commanders, Colonels McMillen, Hubbard, and Marshall. The neglect on the part of the Government to give them their well-merited promotion is felt keenly by the command. Accompanying this please find special recommendations by brigade commanders approved by me. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. MoARTHUR, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Lieut. Col. J. HOUGH, Assistant Adjutant- General, ~3ixteenth Army Corps. * Embodied in table, p. 112. Not found Page 235 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 235 No. 44. Report of Capt. Hiram A. MicKelvey, Thirty-ftfth Iowa Infantry, com manding Pioneer Corps, of operations March 27April 13. IIDQRS. PIONEER CORPS, FIRST Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, In the Field, Ala., April 13, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit herewith a report of the proceedings of the pioneer corps during the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala.: On the 27th ultimo I built a fortification of four embrasures in front of the right wing of the Second Brigade of this division for Reeds Second Iowa Battery. This work was done in open day on a hill about 400 yards from the enemy. During the work we were under a constant fire of musketry. A. Rogers, of the colored company, received a severe flesh wound in the left shoulder. The afternoon and night of the 30th ultimo were occupied in erecting a fortification of two embrasures in the rear of the First Brigade for a section of the First Indiana Heavy Artillery. The next day we built a magazine for this battery; also one for the small-arms ammunition of the division, and began a lot of hoods to protect the skirmishers. The time up to the 6th instant was occu- pied in the construction of hoods and wooden mortars. On the 6th instant I began a fortification of four embrasures on the left of the Third Brigade. This night we were exposed to a constant fire of shell from the enemys mortars, they doing no damage, however. On the night of the 7th this work was continued, and again resumed on the night of the 8th and continued until midnight, when the announcement that the enemy had evacuated his lines rendered further work unneces- sary. Up to the present date I have completed 11 wooden mortars and 400 hoods. My command throughout has evinced the utmost alacrity and patience in their work~ and, notwithstanding they were often in great danger, they did their work bravely. II. A. MOKELVEY, Captain, Thirty-fifth iowa Infantry Volunteers, Comdg. Pioneer Corps, First Division, iSix~eenth Army Corps. Capt. W. II. F. RANDALL, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 45. Report of Col. William L. McMullen, Ninety-fifth Ohio infantry, com manding First Brigade, of operations March 27April 9. HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST DIV., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my brigade in the recent operations against the enemy at Spanish Fort: On the 27th ultimo my command participated in the movement against and investment of the enemys works known as Spanish Fort. The brigade occupied a position immediately on the left of the Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, the Ninety-third Indiana and Tenth Minnesota in the front line; the other regiments camped in their rear Page 236 236 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. On my left was Reeds battery; on the left of this still, the Second Brigade. Directly in my front in the enemys line of works were three bastion forts, the center one of which afterward became known as the Red Fort, all strong earth-works, containing guns of heavy caliber. The intervening ground was nearly level, covered with fallen timber, and a line of abatis formed by the tops of trees. During the night of the 27th ultimo my front line was moved up to within about 500 yards of the enemys works, and before morning the men were covered by a good rifle-pit, thrown up during the night. The next day was occupied in strengthening the main line and in throwing np defensive works in the various camps. On the evening of the 29th ultimo I commenced a sap from near my left, which was pushed with vigor until within about 150 yards of the enerny~s works, where a parallel was constructed cover- ing my front proper in the main line, and that of Reeds battery, con- necting on the left with a similar work of the Second Brigade. Con- tinuing my sap to the front a short distance farther, I dug another parallel for the right of my line, which threw it considerably in advance of the Third Division, and with which they did not succeed in connect- ing at any time during the siege. In these parallels strong bodie.s of sharpshooters and pickets were constantly kept on duty, and at night skirmishers were thrown out and advanced as far as possible in order to hold the ground and cover working parties. I continued my sap toward the Red Fort until I reached a point some sixty or seventy yards from it, where on the morning of the 7th instant I commenced digging another parallel. This brought my sharpshooters and skirmish- ers into close quarters with those of the enemy, and a sharp fire was kept up by both sides. I was engaged on this work until the night of the 8th instant, when about midnight hearing accidentally that the right of the Third Division had turned the enemys left flank and were inside his works, I immediately ordered an advance of the skirmish line and the men in the rifle-pits, but on reaching the enemys works they were found abandoned. A lieutenant and 16 men were captured on the enemys picket-line. In all the duties of the siege commanding officers of regiments and officers and men generally displayed that courage, endurance, and deter- mination which always leads to success. To the officers of my staff I am again indebted for their prompt co-operation and faithful discharge of all duties. I desire, however, to call particular attention to my acting aide-de-camp, Lient. J. Barber, Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry, who during the siege acted as my engineer and conducted and superintended the works iu the saps and parallels. His duties there involved almost continued labor day and night, often exposing him to great danger, but they were performed with courage, fidelity, and energy, as his works will testify, they being nearer those of the enemy than any others along our entire line, as far as I have seeii. I recommend him for promotion as captain and aide-de-camp. I am also indebted to Lieut. Col. C. G. Eaton, Seventy-second Ohio, for valuable services in digging my sap. You will please find transmitted herewith a list of casualties.* I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. L. MoMILLEN, Colonel Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry, Commanding. Capt. W. H. F. RANDALL, Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. * Embodied in table, p. 112 Page 237 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 237 No. 46. Report of Got. De Witt C. Thomas, Ninety-third Indiana Infantry, of operations March 19April 9. HEADQUARTI~1Is NINETY-THIRD INDIANA INFANTRY, In the Field, Ala., April 12, 1865. I have the honor to report that this command embarked on steamer J. Brown March 19 and moved up Mobile Bay to the mouth of Fish River, thence up Fish River to iDannellys Mills, at which place disem- barked on the 20th of March and went into camp. On the 22d moved forward about half a mile and intrenched. On the 24th advanced near three miles and put up another line of works. On the morning of the 25th took up the line of march, my regiment being on the right of the bri- gade, arriving in front of Spanish Fort on the 27th at 10 a. m. Formed a line and advanced about three-quarters of a mile, when we found we were in the rear of one regiment of Third Division. I then moved by left flank until we unmasked, then by the right flank to a commanding position within 300 yards of the strong works of the fort and proceeded to erect fortifications. During the night made works sufficient to ren- der tolerable safety from the enemys fire, in which position we remained as a reserve for the pickets of the brigade until the evacuation of the fort by the enemy, and the occupation of it by our troops, compelled almost constantly to remain in the trenches and exposed daily to an almost incessant fire of the enemy~5 artillery and musketry. Frequently the cannonading from the enemy was terrific and well directed. The enemys sharpshooters were untiring; not an hour, scarcely a moment in the day but the missiles from their guns were flying thick and fast, rendering it impossible to move without being in danger of them. During the night of the 8th it was ascertained that the enemy was leaving. We were ordered to move forward with the brigade; entered the fort, remained a short time, and returned to our position outside the works, capturing in the meantime 1 commissioned officer and 14 enlisted men. My thanks are due to the officers and men of the regi- ment, being on duty at all times and always prompt in manning the works when there was an alarm. My thanks are also due Maj. S. S. Crowe and Acting Adjutant Tinker for their valuable services rendered in assisting to command and superintending the construction of works, being always on the alert when danger threatened. Also to Hospital Steward L. M. Sackett, for his untiring energy and prompt attention to the sick and being ever present. Also to Sergt. Maj. Selar Mead, for the zeal with which he performed every duty assigned him; to Quarter- master Whiteside, Chaplain Woods, Quartermaster-Sergeant Wilson, Commissary-Sergeant Wood, for the important service rendered by them. Wounded during engagement: Private Absalom Combs, Com- pany G, top of the head, severe; Private John W. Fender, Company F, in the wrist, slight. DE WlTT C. THOMAS, Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Lient. THEODORE LIVINGS, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Uen., First Brig., First Div., 16th Army Corps Page 238 238 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 47. Report of Lieut. Cot. ~4arnuel P. Jennison, Tenth Minnesota Infantry, of operations March 25April 9. HEADQUARTERS TENTH MINNESOTA INFANTRY, Near Fort Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my regiment before Spanish Fort, Ala.: My command left Fish River March 25, 1865, with the rest of the brigade. On the morning of the 27th, having passed somewhat beyond or to the north of Spanish Fort, on the road to Blakely, I was ordered to form in line of battle upon the left of the Ninety-third Indiana Infan- try, facing the west, to cover my front with a strong skirmish line, and conform to the movements of the regiment on my right. We were then advanced about half a mile, when it was found that by the convergence of our lines of advance we were lapping the brigade on onr right. We were moved to the left, and then forward until I came to the position occupied by Reeds Second Iowa Battery. I halted in rear of this bat- tery and reported the fact to the colonel commanding brigade, who directed me then to remain. Later in the day, when it became apparent that the enemy would not accept battle outside of his works, I was directed to move forward and intrench myself on the right of the Second Brigade. I went to my assigned position about 4 p. in., procured axes and spades, and commenced to throw up works in plain view of the enemy and within 500 yards of their northeast bastion. Part of my front was claimed to plant the Second Iowa Battery. I therefore placed four companies in the front line and intrenched the other companies in rear of the battery. This position we occupied as our camp for twelve days, within which my command threw up a breast-work which resisted the penetrative power of an 8-inch columbiad at point-blank range, covered themselves against splinters of the enemys shell, assisted to drive forward a sap withiif seventy-five yards of the enemys work, built a second parallel and nearly completed a third, constructed substantial works for sixteen siege guns and for lighter pieces, felled the heavy pine timber to give range to artillery upon about forty acres, and expended 23,Oooroundsofcartridges in skirmishing. Iwas present inthe advanced parallel with six companies of my regiment the night of the evacuation of the fort by the enemy, and observed the advance of a brigade of the Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, which was made at midnight on the 8th instant. Although that advance met no resistance whatever, and I might from my advanced position have preceded all the troops into the fort, I thought best not to experiment without orders, and accordingly remained until directed by the colonel commanding to advance into the fort. Of the duty peculiar to a siege I think no equal number of men ever did more, or better, or more willingly than the regiment I have the honor to command. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. P. JENNISON, Lieut. Col., Comdg. Tenth Minnesota Infantry Volunteers. Lieut. THEODORE LIVINGS, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Brig., First Div., 16th Army Corps Page 239 THE MOBILE CAMPAiGN. 239 No. 48. Report of Got. Lucius P. Hubbard, Fifth Minnesota Infantry, command ing & cond Brigade, of operations March 20April 9. IIDQRS. SECOND Buic., FIRST Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. CAPTAIN: The following report of the part taken by the Second Brigade, First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, in the operations which have recently culminated in the captnre of Spanish Fort and its depend- encies, is respectfully submitted: On the 20th day of March the command broke camp at Dauphin Island and moved by transports up Fish 1~iver. Disembarked at Dan- nellys Mills on the 21st, and encamped in that immediate vicinity. On the following day a new position was taken and intrenchments con- structed covering the front of the brigade, which were occupied as a line of defense until the 25th. On the 23d and 24th our pickets were attacked by the enemy, but each time the latter was repulsed with the occurrence of but a single casualty in this command. At 8 a. m. on the 25th of March the brigade, holding the advance of the corps, moved out on the Deer Park road. A small force of the enemy was soon encountered, with which skirmishing at once commenced. With four companies of the Ninth Minnesota Infantry deployed as skirmishers and the balance of the regiment as support, the enemy was steadil pressed back and the road made clear for the column to pass. Until ordered to halt and encamp for the night the skirmishers made no pause in their advance. During the following days march the brigade, being in the rear, encountered no enemy. On the 27th during the progress of the investment of Spanish Fort, the Second Brigade held a position in the center of, and advanced in line of battle with, the First Division. A line of skirmishers deployed along my front met those of the enemy within perhaps a mile of the rebel defenses and engaged them actively, the latter slowly giving way, but contesting the ground quite stub- bornly. The line of battle advanced by degrees until a position was secured within about 800 yards of the fort, the enemy the while deliver- ing from his works a spirited fire of musketry and artillery. Daring the following night a line of investment was established and the com- mand employed intrenching the position. The Second Brigade held a front of four regiments running from right to left in the following order, viz: Eighth Wisconsin Forty-seventh Illinois, Fifth Minnesota, and Ninth Minnesota, the Eleventh Missouri being held in reserve. My skirmishers were advanced during the night and posted as pickets within 300 yards of the enemys works. The 28th and 29th were spent in strengthening our defensive works and constructing bomb-proofs for the protection of the men. On the night of the 29th I commenced to run a sap in the direction of the fort, and on the 31st had reached a position and constructed a parallel within 300 yards of the main works of the enemy. This parallel was at once manned with sharpshooters, a detail of 250 picked men, the best shots in the brigade, being made for that purpose, and placed under the command of Capt. A. P. French, Fifth Minnesota Infantry, which detail was retained permanently on duty during the continuance of the siege. These sharpshooters ren- dered very effective service throughout the siege, greatly annoying the enemys artillerists, in some instances compelling him to abandon the use of his guns and fill his embrasures with earth. Captain French is entitled to much credit for the efficient management of his command. The work upon the approaches to the fort was actively prosecuted until the night of the 8th of April. At that date my sharpshooters ha Page 240 240 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. been advanced to a second parallel about 100 yards farther to the front, and my sappers had reached a point and partially constructed a parallel within sixty yards of the enemys works. My first parallel had been converted into an emplacement, in which J had located a regiment, the Forty-seventh Illinois Infantry, as a support to the sharpshooters. At about 2 a. m. of the 9th instant developments upon the right of our lines created a suspicion that the enemy was evacnating his works. Captain McGrew, of my staff, who at that time was superintending the operations of the sappers, directed Captain French to move forward his command as skirmishers and ascertain what enemy, if any, was in his front. The order was promptly obeyed, the enemys pickets posted outside the fort captured without opposition, and the works found to be abandoned. Captain McGrew immediately moved the Forty-seventh Illinois, Major Bouham commanding, into the fort, and crossing the ravine to the left occupied Fort Alexis, placing guards upon the guns, magazines, and other property left by the enemy. In this work were ten pieces of artillery, one mortar, and much ammunition. In the meantime Captain French moved his skirmishers through Spanish Fort to the bank of the river at the point where the enemy was crossing, capturing several prisoners and one piece of artillery abandoned near the bridge. About half an hour after the occupation of Fort Alexis by the Forty-seventh Illinois the troops of General Bentons division, Thirteenth Army Corps, moved in, and Captain McGrew formally sur- rendered possession to Major Boydston, of Geueral Bentons staff. At 9 a. m. on the 9th instant the command moved out on the Blakely road and encamped at night near its present location. During the siege of Spanish Fort the brigade excavated 7,000 cubic yards of earth, and ex- pended 169,000 rounds of musket ammunition. The labors of the siege were very arduous. The men were worked by large details night and day upon fortifications and approaches, yet they bore their trials patiently, and cheerfully responded to every call of whatever char- acter. Colonels Marsh, Gere, and Britton, and Majors Green and Bon- ham, commanding their respective regiments, were untiring in their efforts to facilitate the operations of the siege. Capt. J. G. McGrew, aide-de-camp, rendered very valuable service while performing the dan- gerous duty of superintending the construction of the approaches to the enemys works. Captains Cleland and Kendall and Lieutenant Kelly are also entitled to much credit for their activity and energy during the recent operations. The total casualties suffered by the brigade within the time embraced in the above report is 99, as follows: Killed, wounded. command. a 5 a 0 0 0 ~ H ilIb Missouri veteran Infantry 1 5 27 33 8th wisconsin veteran Infantry 2 i7 19 5th Minnesota Veteran Infantry 16 16 9th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry 2 1 13 16 47th Illinois volunteer Infantry 1 3 ii 15 Total 1 10 4j 84 99 L. F. HUBBARD, Colonel, Commanding Brigade. Capt. W. II. F. RANDALL, A88i8tant Adjntant-General, First Division Page 241 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 241 ADDENDA. HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Col. L. F. HUBBARD, Near Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865. Commanding Second Brig., First Div., Sixteenth Army Corps: Immediately after the evacuatiou of Spanish Fort, by your order I moved the Forty-seventh Illinois Volunteers, Major Bonham command- ing, into the enemys works simultaneously with the troops on our right, after which I moved to the left, occupying Fort Alexis, placing guards over the guns, magazines, and various other property before the works were entered by the troops of any other command. After we had been in possession of the works about half an hour I was met by Major Boydston, of General Bentons staff to captured property, calling the attention whom I turned over the of Major Bonham, Forty. seventh Illinois Volunteers, as well as other officers of his regiment, to the transaction, when Major Boydston placed guards over the prem- ises. I then directed Major Bonham to return with his regiment to the remainder of the brigade within the works of Spanish Fort. JAMES G. MCGJIEW, Captain and Aide-de- Camp. [Indorsement.] HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865. Respectfully forwarded. The within statement is forwarded for the purpose of vindicating the claim of this command to the credit of first occupying and obtaining possession of the property in Fort Alexis. The facts within stated can be sustained by abundant proofs. L. F. HUBBARD, Colonel, Commanding. No. 49. Report of Col. William B. Marshall, Seventh Minnesota Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations March 20April 9. HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FIRST Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Camp near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this brigade in the operations against Mobile: On the 20th of March the brigade debarked from transports at Dannellys Mills, Fish River. On the 25th marched with the division toward Spanish Fort. During this days march a small party of the enemy on our left flank fired a volley into the head of the brigade, only one shot taking ef%ct. (I received a severe flesh wound on the left side of the back of my neck, not, however, disabling me or taking me off duty.) On the 27th of March, as we approached within a mile of Spanish Fort, the brigade was formed in line of battle, and moving on the left of General Hubbards brigade advanced to within 1,200 yards of the fort. Our skirmishers advanced to within 300 yards of the enemys works. The right of the Thirteenth Corps closed in on my left, and I was ordered to break regiments to the rear to uncover the 16 B BVOL XLIX, PT Page 242 242 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. PLA. Thirteenth Corps. This was done until I had but one regiment in the front line, the others being ployed in the rear. This position was intrenched and sheltered as well as possible from the fire of the enemy, which continually poured upon us both from musketry and artillery. A large detail was set at work on a fort for the Third Indiana Battery, and a sap toward enemys works begun. This work was continued until the 30th, when I was ordered to report the brigade to General Granger, commanding the Thirteenth Corps. General Granger directed me to occupy the part of his line directly in front of the high fort (Fort Alexis, I believe). This line had just been vacated by General Veatchs division of Thirteenth Corps. I completed work begun by General ~ division, furnished heavy details for work on batteries, and advanced the parallels 150 yards, and almost to the rifle-pits of enemys sharpshooters outside of the fort. On the 4th of April I received orders to report back to my division commander, and took position on the left of Second Brigade. I immedi- ately opened a trench from General Hubbards most advanced parallel to the left, connecting with the works of the Thirteenth Corps, and dug saps leading from our main line out to the advanced trenches. On the 8th I had extended a sap, preparatory to opening a new parallel, so near the enemys works that stones could be thrown to their rifle-pits, when on the night of the 8th instant the enemy evacuated the works. The pickets of the Third Brigade entered the fort with those of the Second Brigade. On the 9th instant the brigade marched toward Blakely, going into camp in line on left of General Hubbards brigade. That evening the capture of Blakely ended the siege. From the 27th of March to the 8th of April, inclusive, the brigade was constantly under fire. Officers and men throughout the siege were faithful and met every requirement of duty. My acknowledgments are specially due to the commanding officers of regimentsLieut. Col. William H. Heath, Thirty-third Missouri Volunteers; Lient. Col.William B. Keeler, Thirty-fifth Iowa Volunteers; Lieut. Col. George Bradley, Seventh Minnesota Volunteers, and Maj. Samuel G. Knee, Twelfth Iowa Veteran Volunteers. Also to the members of my staffLieut. Henry Hoover, acting assistant adjutant-general; Capt. W. A. Clark, provost-marshal (and acting engineer); Lieut. L. W. Collins, picket officer, and Lieut. W. M. Wetherill, aide-de-camp. A list of casualties accompanies this report. The total casualties in the brigade during the siege were: Killedenlisted men, 2; woundedofficers, 2; enlisted men, 19. All of which is respectfully submitted. W. R. MThSHALL, Colonel Seventh Minnesota Volunteers, Commanding the Brigade. Capt. W. H. F. RANDALL, Asst. A~jt. Gen., First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. A DDE ND A - HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FIRST DIV., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Camp near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. Capt. W. H. F. RANDALL, Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps: CAPTAIN: In submitting a report of the operations of this brigade in the late siege of the defenses of Mobile, I beg leave to recommend the promotion of the following officers for gallant and meritorious con- duct, viz: Lieut. Col. W. H. Heath, commanding Thirty-third Missouri Volunteers; First Lient. Henry Hoover, Thirty-fifth Iowa Volunteers Page 243 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 243 acting assistant adjutant-general of the brigade, and First Lient. Loren W. Collins, Seventh Minnesota Volunteers, aide-de-camp. Lieutenant- Colonel Heath has long since earned promotion. He has served since the beginning of the war and been in many of the most important bat- ties of the WestFort Donelson, Shiloh, the lied River campaign, Pleasant Hill, Yellow Bayou, Tupelo, Nashville, & c. (He has held a commission as colonel of his regiment since December, 1863, but the regiment, being below the minimum, could not be mustered in.) He has had brigade commands, and is a most capable and deserving officer. Lieutenant Hoover is an officer of long and faithful service, excellent capacity, and great gallantry. Lieutenant Collins has performed the arduous and responsible duties of picket officer for the brigade for nearly a year, and is an officer of unusual intelligence, activity, and gallantry. Jam,captain,veryrespectfully,yourobedientser~~~~, W. lEt. MARSHALL, Colonel Seventh Minnesota Volunteers, Commanding the Brigade. No. 50. Report of Lient. Col. William B. Keeler, Thirty-fifth Iowa Infantry, - of operations March 25April 9. HEADQUARTERS THIRTY-FIFTH lowi INFANTRY, Near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1866. Sin: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this command in the operations at Spanish Fort and vicinity: In obedience to orders the command broke camp at Fish River, marching and intrenching upon the 25th and 26th. Near noon of the 27th the regiment was formed in line of battle upon the left of the Thirty-third Missouri, with Company B, Capt. William M. Stewart commanding, deployed as skirmishers, and moved forward till ordered to halt and intrench. At 4 p. m. Company B having exhausted their ammunition, Company C, Lieutenant Koehler commanding, was ordered to relieve them. The casualties of the day were light and as per report rendered. The regiment, in accordance with orders received, proceeded to strengthen their position and protect themselves from the fire of the enemy, remaining in that position till March 30, when they were ordered to move to the left and occupy the work before occupied by a portion of the Thirteenth Corps, remaining there until April.4, when they reoccupied their former position to the left of and in rear of the Second Brigade. March [April] 9 the command moved to camp below Blakely and ~their present position. During the action and through the entire siege the conduct of both officers and men has been extremely satisfactory, they having performed all duties assigned them with promptness and bravery. I append herewith list of casualties during the siege.* I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant W. B. KEELER, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Col. WILLIAM B. MARSHALL, Commanding Third Brigade, First Division, 16th Army Corps. * Embodied in table, p. 113 Page 244 244 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 51. Report of Lieut. Cot. George Bradley, AS~eventh Minnesota Infantry, of operations March 27April 9. IIDQRS. SEVENTH REGIMENT MINNESOTA INFANTRY, In the Field, April 12, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my regiment in the operations at Spanish Fort: On the morning of the 27th of March the regiment was formed in order of battle on the left of the brigade, which was on the extreme left of the Sixteenth Army Corps, and advanced toward the works of the enemy. Company C, Captain Thomas, was advanced and ordered to deploy as skirmishers in front of the regiment. During the after- noon this company was relieved by Company K, Captain Carter, in consequence of having expended their ammunition. The skirmishing during this day was heavy, and our skirmishers drove the enemy back a considerable distance and established our advanced line about 200 yards from the enemys main line of works. The ground over which the skirmishers advanced was very much broken and covered with fallen trees, rendering the advance quite difficult. Our casualties this day were as follows: First Lieut. II. F. Folsom, Company C, struck in the fleshy part of the thigh by a fragment of a shell, making a severe bruise, but not sufficient to put him off duty; Private Andrew Agren, Company C, wounded in right leg, suffered amputation above knee joint; Corpl. John Biller, contused wound in thigh, slight, has since returned to duty; Sergt. Omar H. Case, Company E, flesh wound in left shoulder, slight; Private Charles H. Fadden, Company I, shot through the body, injuring the spine, since died. On the evening of the 27th the regiment went into camp in the rear of the Thirty-fifth Iowa, the brigade then being in column of regiments. From this time till the 30th we occupied this camp, furnishing heavy picket details and fatigue parties to push forward lines of intrenchments, erect forts, and do the various work incidental to siege operations. On March 30 we moved with our brigade to the left, occupying a space left vacant by the removal of General Yeatchs division, of the Thirteenth Corps. We remained here until the 4th of April, working incessantly night and day. On the night of the 3d our pickets, in connection with those of the other regiments in the brigade, under the direction of Major Burt, of my regiment, advanced the front line of our works from 150 to 200 yards. On the 4th of April we returned to our first place in the line and reoccupied it. On the 6th we commenced intrenchments in an advanced position, with a view to its occupation. The work, however, could be prosecuted only in the night, the ground being open and within short rifle-range from the fort, and the works were scarcely completed when the enemy evacuated and our forces took possession of Spanish Fort and the works adjacent, which occurred on the night of the 8th instant. On the 9th we moved with our command toward Blakely, going into camp about two miles from the works of the enemy, which were captured that day by a portion of our army. Throughout the entire siege the conduct of officers and men was al Page 245 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 245 that could be desired. They were always ready and willillg to brave any exposare or undergo any fatig objects of the campaign. ue which promised to advance the Very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEG. BRADLEY, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Lieut. H. HOOVER, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., First Div., 16th Army Corps. No. 52. Report of Lieut. Col. William H. Heath, Thirty-third Missouri Infantry, of operations March 20April 12. HEADQUARTERS THIRTY-THIRD MISSOURI VOLUNTEERS Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. SIR: In obedience to orders, I have the honor to make the following report of operations of the Thirty-third Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry in the expedition against Mobile, Ala.: March 20, 1865, the regiment embarked on steamer Lockwood at Dauphin Island and proceeded through Weeks Bay to Fish River, debarking March 21 at Dannellys or Smiths Mills. Here formed an intrenched camp, in which we remained until March 25, when the regi- ment moved with the column against Spanish Fort, where it took part March 27 in the assault upon that work. The direct assault having been abandoned and siege operations ordered, the regiment on March 28 constructed bomb-proofs in front of the center of the enemys line and within easy range of his artillery. March 30, were ordered with Third Brigade to a position in front of the enemys right and confroiit- ing his main fort, relieving General Veatchs division, of the Thirteenth Army Corps. The work here was very severe indeed. The enemys sharpshooters were bold and vigilant and our works incomplete, the line being in addition very extended. The entire brigade was kept constantly employed day and night in sapping, strengthening half- finished works, and constant skirmishing, and while here advanced the parallel over 150 yards, and nearer to the enemy at that time than any other portion of our lines. April 4, were ordered back to our original position in the center and assisted in advancing our lines there to within 200 yards of the enemys main works and fifty yards of his skir- mish pits. At 10 p. m. April 8 the enemy evacuated his entire line at Spanish Fort and the regiment, with other troops of the command, entered his works. April 9, moved with the division to the support of the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, confronting the enemys right at Blakely, which place was captured by ftssault at 5 p. m. of the same day. The fall of Blakely virtually ended the expedition and compelled the immediate evacnation of Mobile, operations ceasing with the occupation of the city by our forces on the 12th day of April, 1865. The number of casualties was very light, only five men being wounded, and but one of those dangerously. For the report of casualties I would refer you to the lists sent in from day to day. I am, sir, your obedient servant, WM. H. HEATH, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Lient. HENRY HOOVER, - Acting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 246 246 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 53. Report of Capt. Thomas J. Ginn, Third Battery Indiana Light Artil lery, of operations March 27April 9. HEADQUARTERS THIRD INDIANA BATTERY, In the Field, Ala., A 13, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my corn mand in the late siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Alexis and storming of Fort Blakely, Ala.: On the morning of March 27, 1865, while in column of march npon the main road in front of Fort Alexis, I was ordered by Brigadier- General MeArthur, commanding First Division, Sixteenth Army Oorps, to move by the left flank on the left of the Second Brigade, First Divis- ion, in the direction of the fort. When the line had advanced to within 2,000 yards of the enemys works I was ordered by General McArthur to take a position and open fire directly in rear of the Third Brigade, First Division, upon the forts. The firing was continued for one hour, but with what effect I could not ascertain, owing to the dense growth of timber which intervened. About 1 p. m. I was ordered by General McArthur to move one section of my battery to a position on the right of the Second Brigade, First Division. I intrusted the exe- cution of this order to Lient. Richard Burns, of my command. In these two positions we kept up a desultory fire on the enemys works until dark. During the night earth-works were constructed upon a point opposite the lower end of Fort Alexis at a distance of 1,400 yards, and early in the morning of March 28 I received orders from General McArthur to move my battery under cover of this work, which was done, and during the day we fired, at intervals, about eighty shots with good effect, often striking the enemys works quite near the embrasures. In this manner I kept up a slow fire, at irregular intervals, from day to day, always doing good execution, until April 4, at 5 p. in., pursuant to orders from Major-General Canby, my battery, with all the others around our line, shelled the enemy vigorously for a space of two hours. From this time nutil April S we fired but little, though always with the same telling effect upon their embrasures, and rarely failed in silenc- ing any guns which opened fire upon us directly in front. At 6 p. m. April 8 we took part in shelling the enemys works one hour. On the morning of April 9, the forts having succumbed during the night, I was ordered by Brigadier-General McArthur to take up the line of march toward Blakely, following the Second Brigade, First Division, and at 3 p. m. went in camp about three miles southeast of Fort Blakely, which was then invested by General Steeles army and the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. At 4 p. m. April 9 I was ordered by General MeArthur to report with my command for temporary duty to Brigadier- General Garrard, commanding Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. Upon arriving on the field I was unable to find Garrard, and therefore ordered my battery into position in the open field in rear of the Second Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, where, with the other batteries, 1 co-operated in shelling the enemys works for about half an hour, when our infantry assaulted and carried them by storm. During the thirteen days and nights in which my command was constantly under fire I suffered no loss in men or material, and I here take grea Page 247 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 247 pleasure in acknowledging the excellent conduct of both officers and men of my command during the entire siege. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedieut servant, T. J. GINK, Capt. ~. II. F. RANDALL, Captain Third Indiana Battery. Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. No. 54. Report of Capt. Joseph 1?. Reed, Second Battery Iowa Light Artill of operations March 24April 8. cry, HEADQUARTERS SECOND IOWA BATTERY, Near Port Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this command in the recent operations against the enemy: On the 24th of March I disembarked from steamer at Fish River, and by direction of Capt. J. W Lowell Corps, reported to the , chief of artillery, Sixteenth Army assigned my general commanding First Division and was position in the line and column of march. On the 29th ultimo, when the division arrived in front of Spanish Fort, my position was between the First and Second Brigades. In this position I formed in battery in front of the enemys works, and was engaged during the day in firing at what is now known as the Red Bastion. At 3 oclock next morning I moved forward and occupied a work constructed for me by the pioneer corps of the division. I occupied this work until the evac- uation of Spanish Fort by the enemy, and was engaged daily with his batteries, firing in the aggregate 1,200 rounds. My loss during the siege was but a single man, Private George W. Stephenson, who was wounded by a minie-ball in the foot during the first day. Ii am, captain, respectfully, your obedient servant, J. REED, Captain, Commanding Second Iowa Battery. Capt. W. H. F. RANDALL, Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. No. 55. Reports of Brig. Gen. Kenner Garrard, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division, of operations April 39. HDQRs. SECOND DIvIsIoN, SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. COLONEL: In anticipation of a detailed report of the capture of Fort Blakely, I have the honor to report that on the 9th instant I advanced my lines, carried the works, captured 21 guns, 4 mortars, and 1,524 enlisted men, and 100 officers, including 2 brigadier-generals, one of them, Brigadier-General Liddell, commanding East District of the Gulf. My loss was 41 killed and 123 wounded. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of my officers and men, who most gallantly executed all orders given them, notwithstanding the serious obstacles in their front. Thre Page 248 248 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. officers, Col. Charles L. Harris, Eleventh Wisconsin Volunteers, com- manding Third Brigade~ Col. John I. Rinaker, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois, commanding First Brigade, and Col. Thomas J. Kinney, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Volunteers, I would ear- nestly recommend for promotion as brigadier-generals. The two bri- gade commanders in the assault commanded most efficiently and gallantly their brigades, and Colonel Kinney had command of the advance regiment of his brigade in the charge, and enjoys the reputa- tion of being the first man of his regiment on the rebel works. I sin- cerely trust that the soldierly and noble conduct of these officers will be recognized and rewarded by the Government by bestowing upon them a rank most meritoriously earned. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, K. GARRARD, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. Lieut. Col. JOHN ilouGH, Assistant Adjutant-General, Sixteenth Army Corps. IIDQRS. ~3EOOND DIVISION, SIXTEENTH ARMY Colirs, Near Blakely, April 11, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my division in the siege and capture of Fort Blakely: On the 3d instant, in obedience to orders from General Canbys head- quarters, I moved to this point and took position on the left of General Steeles command, with a view to commence the siege and to complete the investment. Owing to the nature of the ground and want of infor- mation it was several days before my line was extended to Bay Minette. My orders were to co-operate, advising and consulting with General Steele. On the 9th instant, the morning after the capture of Spanish Fort, General A. J. Smith, commanding corps, visited my headquarters and instructed me to assault Fort Blakely at the earliest practicable moment, and for that purpose he would order up to my assistance McArthur and Carr, and all the artillery I wanted. I would here ex- press my thanks to him for his generous conduct, though I was fortunate enough not to be compelled to avail myself of his kind offer of more troops. During the morning I placed in position on my extreme left, to guard my lines from the fire of gun-boats, Hendricks and Coxs bat- teries of the First Indiana Heavy Artillery, consisting each of four 30-poiinders. Three of these pieces were turned on the enemys line until 5 p. in., when they ceased by my orders. At 3p. m. on my extreme right I placed in position behind my rifle-pits Macks Black Horse Bat- tery of six 20-pounders, with orders not to fire except when the enemy opened, and then to silence his guns; that I did not wish a bombard- ment, but wanted my lines in their advance protected. Similar orders were given to the other batteries under my command, viz, Rices Seventeenth Ohio Battery (four Kapoleons), Lowells Second Illinois Battery (four 10-pounder Parrotts), and Ginns Third Indiana Battery (four 10-pounder Parrotts). At 2 p. m. I sent for my brigade com- mandersBrig. Gen. J. I. Gilbert, commanding Second Brigade; Col. C. L. Harris, Eleventh Wisconsin Volunteers, commanding Third Brigade, and Col. J. 1. Rinaker, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois Volunteers, commanding First Brigadeand gave them the following orders. Brigadier-General Veatch, commanding First Division, Thir- teenth Army Corps, was present at the interview. I directed them t Page 249 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 249 move their commands into the trenches, placing one-half in the rifle-pits of the skirmishers and one-half in those of the reserves. That at 5.30 p. m. a single line of skirmishers shonld advance, and as soon as it appeared that they were advancing with success that a second line of skirmishers shonld follow, and when the first line reached the enemys works then the main line should charge. I was induced to adopt this plan owing to the terrible obstructions in my front and to avoid loss of life, and hoped to silence the enemys guns and drive off their sharp- shooters before I exposed a large mass of my men to the enemys fire. My brigades were in line from right to left in the following order: Gilbert, Harris, and Rinaker. As the right of Rinakers and left of Harris lines were the most advanced, I ordered that at this point the attack should commence and be taken up to the right and left as rapidly as possible. Rinakers advance was the One hundred and nineteenth Illinois, Col. T. J. Kinney commanding; Harris, part of the Eleventh Wisconsin, One hundred and seventy-eighthNew York, and Fifty-eighth Illinois; and Gilberts was the Tenth Kansas, Lieut. Col. Charles S. Hills commanding, and one company of the Twenty-seventh Iowa. At the appointed time, under a brisk fire from all of the artillery, the first line moved, then the second, then the artillery ceased firing, and I saw our men on the enemys works. I immediately ordered a cheer and a charge. This cheer was taken up on the right of my division, and as I advanced in the charge I looked to the right and saw our whole army in front of Blakely, most gallantly taking up my movement. My divis- ion carried the enemys works, capturing 100 officers, including 2 brig- adier-generals, and 1,524 enlisted men, and 4 sets of colors, 21 pieces of artillery, and 4 mortars. My loss, I am most happy to report, owing to my plan of attack, was very small, only 2 commissioned officers killed and 7 wounded; 39 enlisted men killed and 117 wounded. I am extremeJy gratified to be able to speak in the highest terms of praise of my whole division, and am indeed proud to be the com- mander of so noble a body of soldiers. Among the many who distin- guished themselves I desire to invite special notice to my three brigade commanders and to Col. T. J. Kinney, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Volunteers, and Lient. Col. Charles S. Hills, Tenth Kansas. The two last-mentioned officers had command of the skirmishers in front of their brigades, and for their special gallantry and good con- duct well merit promotion. To my three brigade commandersBrig. Gen. James I. Gilbert, Cols. Charles L. Harris, Eleventh Wisconsin Vol- unteers, and John I. Rinaker, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois VolunteersI am greatly indebted for their efficiency in the manage- ment of their brigades and for the prompt and cheerful execution of all my orders. I would earnestly recommend that their good service be recognized by their promotion. First Lient. Angus R. McDonald, Eleventh Wisconsin, especially distinguished himself at the parapet and received one gnnshot wound and two from the bayonet. To my staff I am under many obligations for their zealous, efficient, and intel- ligent discharge of the duties intrusted to them and would be much gratified to see officers of such merit and fine soldierly qualities encour- aged and rewarded by being brevetted. The following is a list of their names: Maj. James B. Sample, assistant adjutant-general; Maj. Rob- ert W. Healy, Fifty-eighth Illinois, acting inspector-general; First Lieut. Alexander H. McLeod, One hundred and fortieth New York Vol- unteers, aide-de-camp; First Lieut. Sargeant McKnight, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois, aide-dc-camp; First Lient. Richard Rees, Twenty-first Missouri, acting assistant inspector-general, and Firs Page 250 250 KY., S. W. VA, TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Lieut. George W. Fetterman, Fifteenth U. S. Infantry, commissary of musters also First Lient. Thornton G. Capps, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois Volunteers, provost-marshal.- Inclosed I have the honor to transmit the reports of my brigade commanders and a list of casualties, * and also a report of guns captured.t Very respectfully, your obedient servant, K. GARRARD, Brigadier-General, Commanding Division. Licut. Col. J. ilouGH, Assistant Adjutant- General, Sixteenth Army Corps. ADDENDA. HDQRS. SECOND DIVISION, SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. Lient. Col. JOHN HOuGH: I have the honor to forward herewith four battle-flags captured in the enemy~s works at Blakely, Ala., on the 9th instant by men belong- ing to the First Brigade of this division. The following are the names of the captors: Capt. Samuel McConnell, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Volunteers; Sergt. George F. Rebman, Company B, One hun- dred and nineteenth Illinois Volunteers; Private John Whitmore, Company F, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Volunteers; Private John H. Callahan, Company B, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois Volunteers. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, - K. GABRARD, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. GENERAL ORDERS, IIDQRS. SECOND Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, No. 36. Near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. The general commanding the division desires to express his heartfelt thanks to the brave officers and men of his command for their heroic and noble conduct in the battle of the 9th instant. To your gallantry in action, your daring advance over terrible obstacles, and your cheer- ful and prompt obedience to orders, is due the fall of Fort Blakely. K. GARRAIRD, General, Commanding Division. No. 56. Report of Col. John L Rinaker, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations April 39. HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., SECOND Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor respectfully to submit the following report of the First Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, in the * Shows 2 officers and 39 men killed; 7 officers and 117 men wounded. For casual- ties from March 30 to April 9, inclusive, see table, p. 113. See Rices report, p. 267 Page 251 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 251 operations before Blakely from the evening of April 3 up to and includ- ing the storming and capture of the rebel works on the evening of April 9, 1865: At noon on the 3d instant, in obedience to orders, the First Brigade broke camp three miles east of Spanish Fort, and marched out on Blakely road about three miles and a half, and halted on the high hill overlooking the rebel works around Blakely on the left of General Steeles command, then investing the place, and on the left of the Blakely road. As soon as the ground was examined in our front and by sunset the same day skirmishers were advanced and established within 800 yards of the enemys works in front of the First Brigade, which rested on the Blakely road, on the right of the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. The skirmishers and reserves were covered with light works under fire of the enemys musketry and artillery. I continued to cause the line to be advanced- cautiously and strength- ened each day and night until the afternoon of the 5th instant being then within 600 yards of rebel fortifications in our front, our line con- necting with the Second Brigade on the left and with the Thirteenth Army Corps on the right. On the afternoon of the 5th instant, in obe- dience to orders from general commanding division,.the First Brigade skirmish line was withdrawn from the right of the division and estab- lished on the left of the division, being the extreme left of our line fronting Blakely. My line was then and there established within 350 yards of rebel works and beyond the creek, left resting on a swamp and right connecting with Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. This line was established under a heavy fire of artillery from the enemys works, provoked by driving his skirmishers into the fort when our line was first advanced. This line was advanced and strengthened each day and night with suitable works on the skirmish and reserve lines until the afternoon of the 9th instant, then being within 300 yards of the enemys works and under cross-fire from three different points. A few casualties had occurred during these operations. On the 9th, about 3 p. in., the general commanding ordered the brigade to be moved into position to support the advance of a strong skirmish line, which was to feel of the enemys strength of forces and works, to move the skirmishers forward at 5.30 p. m. I thereupon ordered Col. T. J. Kinney, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Jnfantry Volun- teers, to be ready to move his regiment forward to the skirmish line, relieving the skirmishers then on duty, and to put the whole of his regiment into the advance rifle-pits. After he had examined the ground his regiment was put into the advance liue about 5 p. m. The relieved skirmishers were ordered to join their regiments, and ammunition was brought forward to the advanced reserve line for distribution. As Col- onel Kinneys regiment moved into the rifle-pits beyond the creek, the Eighty-ninth Indiana Infantry, under Lieut. Col. ilervey Craven, and Twenty-first Missouri Veteran Volunteer Infantry, under Capt. Charles W. Tracy, were moved forward in line of battle just in Kinneys rear to the creek, which is about thirty yards in rear of the rifle-pits, on the left not so far. The One hundred and twenty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, under Lient. Col. James F. Drish, was formed in reserve oppo- site to and about 100 yards in rear of the center. Anticipating that it was necessary, in order to save my skirmish line in the advance (as the two supporting regiments must gradually separate in supporting the wings of the skirmish line), as soon as Colonel Kinneys line was ready I ordered the One hundred and twenty-second Illinois Infantry to move forward and overJa1) the Eighty-ninth Indiana and Twenty-firs Page 252 252 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Missouri, and to move straight forward as the line advanced, folio~ng Colonel Kinneys center, and to fill np the space between the Eighty. ninth Indiana and Twenty-first Missouri, as these two regiments sepa- rated to the right and left, the Eighty-ninth connecting with Colonel Harris and the Twenty-first Missouri supporting the extreme left of the skirmish l?ne. This line was formed tolerably well nnder cover and within 350 yards of the rebel works. I then went forward to the rifle- pits to see when Colonel Kinney was ready to start and to superintend the general movement of my command. Colonel K[inneyj was on the extreme right of his skirmish line. I was at this time notified by Major Healy, of General Garrards staff, that all was ready and waiting for me to start. About the same time an artillery officer (Captain Giun) reported to me that he had some guns with which he was to report to me, but had not found me till that moment. He told me where his guns were, and I asked what he could do with them there; could he do exe- cution with them? He replied that he could. I told him to open on the enemys works to my left, which he did promptly, and, I am happy to state, with effect. In a moment the rebel skirmishers commenced running. Colonel Kinney started his line rapidly forward; his reserves were ordered out to support his skirmishers, and the buglers sounded for- ward. I at once put the whole line out on double.quick, knowing that under the artillery fire of grape and canister which was opened on my skirmish line it must either be destroyed or go into the fort; and from that moment the whole brigade was, with a shout, going over the fallen trees, tangled vines and brush, and through the swamp at a fuJi run, and that under severe and rapid fire from artillery and musketry. In from five to ten minutes from the advance of the skirmish line the enemys works were carried and the national flag waved over them. The regiments were reformed in the fort as soon as possible after entering it, and the trophies and wounded which belonged to the com- mand looked after and taken care of. Among the trophies were 4 rebel battle-flags, 3 of which were captured by the One hundred and nine- teenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and 1 by the One handred and twenty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry; 10 pieces of artillery and 2 mortars. There were a great many small-arms, much ammunition, and some wagons and mules fell into our hands when we entered the works. We captured 520 prisoners, 37 commissioned officers, among whom were 2 brigadier-generals, viz, General Thomas and General Liddell, the latter of whom was in command of the fort and rebel forces, 483 enlisted men. The casualties in the brigade during the charge were 60 in all, 14 killed and 46 wounded. During whole siege and assault, 16 killed and 54 wounded. Too much praise cannot be given Col. Thomas J. Kinney for the gallant, able, and efficient manner in which he did his whole duty in the gallant charge with his skirmish line-over the rebel works on the 9th instant, which kept as well in advance as their physical strength permitted them to do. Each of the regimental com- manders did well their whole duty, as did also the line officers and men of the several regiments. All rushed forward and entered the works almost simultaneously with the skirmishers. Lieutenant-Colonel Drish, One hundred and twenty-second Illinois, fell severely wounded just before reaching the first line of abatis, and the command of the regi- ment devolving upon Maj. J. F. Chapman, he gallantly led it on. I also take pleasure in stating that my staff officers did their respective duties well. Lieutenant McLean, who was immediately with me in starting the troops forward from the rifle-pits, behaved with great bravery. But to particularize where all did their duty well, were invid Page 253 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 253 ous, and to enumerate would be too tedious. I hereby return my thanks to each of the officers of the brigade for their able, zealous, and gallant assistance in attaining a result at once beneficial to our cause and glorious for our arms. With congratulations to all of them and to our able division com- mander, I have the honor, major, to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN I. BIKAKEB, Colonel 122d Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Commanding Brigade. Maj. J. B. SAMPLE, Asst. Adjt. Gen., & eond Division, AS~ixteenth Army Corps. iNTo. 57. Report of Col. Thomas J. Kinney, One hundred and nineteenth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 39. HEADQUARTERS 119TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my regiment in the siege and capture of the works around Blakely, Ala., on the 9th instant: We broke camp at Sibleys Mills on the 3d instant, at 12 in., and marched on Blakely. Went in camp at the left of Blakely road and on the right of the division. Advanced strong skirmish line and threw up rifle-pits in our front, and remained in this position until the afternoon of the 6th, when our brigade moved to the left of the divis. ion and on the right of the rebel works. Formed heavy skirmish line and continued to advance that until we had pressed the enemy back within about 200 yards of his works. This was done with great diffi- culty and some loss in wounded. It, however, continued until the morning of the 9th instant, when it was determined to feel of the enemy. When this was decided I was ordered to take the skirmish line with my regiment. I accordingly reconnoitered the ground well, and atS p. m. marched my command out and occupied the rifle-pits, and at 5.30 p. in., everything being ready and thecharge about to commence, I discov- ered that the rebel skirmish line had anticipated our movements and broke from their rifle-pits in great disorder. This, in my judgment, being the appropriate time for prompt action, I ordered my skirmishers to charge the works. As a cloud, we raised from the rifle-pits and with a shout and cheer onward we went. At this juncture the enemy opened with artillery from all the guns they could bring to bear on us, but it only had the effect of hurrying on their own destruction. Onward we went, over fallen trees, ravines, & c., until the main line of his works was reached, sweeping everything before us, and instead of feeling the enemy we had captured his works with all their con- tents; not, however, until we were compelled to shoot down several of their artillerists, who continued to work their guns upon our advanc- ing lines after we had occupied the forts, but they were soon silenced, and the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, was in quiet posses- sion of the works. The fruits of the engagement were many prisoners, among whom were 2 generals, 3 stand of colors, 10 pieces of cannon, 2 mortars, ordnance stores, commissary supplies, and small-arms with- out number. To the officers and men of my command I tender my thanks for their gallant conduct. I would also say that the command Page 254 254 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ing officers of division and brigade have my hearty congratulations for the manner in which they directed this engagement, and I most humbly ask their pardon if I have committed one of the blunders to which mili- tary men are subject, by taking the enemy~5 works with a skirmish line when the intention was only to feel of his lines and learn their strength. But it seemed to me to be the only way to save the lives of my men and add one more victory to the invincible Sixteenth Army Corps, and particularly to the Second Division, which never was drilled in the art of feeling an enemys lines without taking it in out of the cold. I am, sir, your obedient servant, THOMAS J. KINNEY, Colonel, Commanding 119th illinois Infantry Volunteers. Lient. S. B. SAWYER, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. P. S.A list of casualties was forwarded to you on last evening, to wit: 2 killed, 14 wounded, 1 of which has died. T. J. K. No. 58. Report of Lieut. Col. Joseph G. Best, Twenty-first Missouri Infantry, of operations March 22April 12. IIDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST MISSOURI INFTY. VETERAN VOLS., Mobile, Ala., October 31, 1865. COLONEL: In compliance with your request I have the honor to make the following report of operations of this regiment: * * * * * * * March 22 * * * the regiment proceeded per steamer to join the army on the west side of Fish River, Alabama, near its mouth, at which place it arrived and went into [camp] on the 24th day of March. On the 25th and 26th of March it moved with the army to within three miles of Spanish Fort, where the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, threw up fortifications facing to the rear. Remained there until April 3, when the division moved to and began operations against Fort Blakely, Ala. It took part in the many skirmishes in the approach and siege of Fort Blakely and lost several men killed and wounded and on the 9th of April did their whole duty in the charge on and cap- ture of the fortifications and their rebel defenders. In the capture of that place two of the color-bearers were killed, but the colors were suc- cessfully planted on the works before that of any of the many others that were fully as anxious as the Twenty-first to have their flag first. The loss of the regiment was about equal to that of the whole brigade, it being on the extreme left of the army, which was not equal to the front of the enemys works, causing a cross-fire of artillery and mus- ketry to be given it from the enemys right. After the capture of the fort the regiment marched about four miles and a half to brigade head- quarters, having in charge and reporting over 500 rebel prisoners, offi- cers and enlisted men, among them two rebel generals. * * * * * * * Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOSEPH G. BEST, - Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Col. SAMUEL P. SiMPSoN, Adjutant- General of Missouri Page 255 TIlE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 255 No. 59. Report of Brig. Gcn. James I. Gilbert. CT. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of operations April 39. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIcf., SECOND DIV., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Fort Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my command in the siege~ charge, and Capture of Fort Blakely, Ala.: My brigade consisted of the Sixth Minnesota Infantry, Lient. Col. II. P. Grant commanding; Tenth Kansas Veteran Infantry, Lieut. Col. Charles S. Hills commanding; Twenty-seventh Iowa Infantry, Maj. G. W. Howard commanding; Thirty-second Iowa Infantry, Lient. Col. G. A. Eberhart commanding, and One hundred and seventeenth Illinois Infantry, Col. B. M. Moore commanding. Aggregate effective force, 1,995. On the afternoon of April 3 my command moved into position in front of the rebel works, holding the center of General Garrards division, which was upon the left of General Steeles command. I imme- diately threw out a strong skirmish line, which advanced in gallant style under brisk fire 200 yards, driving in the rebel skirmishers, and then threw up a strong line of intrenchments, with a loss of three men wounded. This line was held until the evening of the 6th, when my skirmish line was again advanced 300 yards. Continued skirmishing occurred, with brisk artillery fire from the enemy. On the evening of the 7th the enemy made a sortie upon the advance line, but were hand- somely repulsed without loss to us. My whole number of casualties up to the afternooii of April 9 was 7 enlisted men, 2 mortally wounded, since dead, and 5 wounded. At 3 p. m. April 9, in obedience to orders from General Garrard, I movei my command to the reserve intrenched lines preparatory to charging the enemys works. The Tenth Kansas and Company B, Twenty-seventh Iowa, occupied the picket-line as skirmishers; the Twenty-seventh Iowa, One hundred and seventeenth Illinois, and Companies B, H, and K, of the Thirty-second Iowa,in order from right to left, formed the advance line; the Sixth Minnesota and the other seven companies of the Thirty-second Iowa formed the reserve. At 5.30 p. m. a rapid and severe artillery lire commenced, which was soon followed up by a general advance and charge. My main line of battle was 1,100 yards distant from the rebel fortifications; the intervening ground was covered with timber felled in every possible direction, torpedoes planted in front of the works, wire stretched from stump to stump, a double line of abatis, and in rear of all a very strong line of fortifications. At the command to advance the line raised a shout, pressed rapidly forward, reached and carried the enemys works, and pursued the disconcerted enemy to the river-bank, capturing 9 pieces of artillery and 573 prisoners, and in fact every rebel in our front, although the enemys gun-boats lay in the Tensas IRiver only a few rods in advance. Leaving a picket of 300 men the command returned with its prisoners to camp. Officers and men throughout the entire command did their duty and did it well. The Tenth Kansas, a little band of heroes, rushed forward as into the jaws of death, with a determination to conquer or die. Company B, Twenty-seventh Iowa, acted with the same valor. Too much praise cannot be bestowed upon them. I am at a loss for words to express my admiration for them and their gallant officers, and when I say that Lieutenant-Colonel Hills is worthy to com- mand such inca language is exhausted in his praise. Major Hutchison, of the Thirty-second Iowa, also distinguished himself both in the assaul Page 256 256 KY., S. W. YA., TENTh, N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. and in the capture of prisoners. My list of casualties is comparatively light, being 27, of which are 8 enlisted men killed and 19 wounded (2 commissioned officers and 17 enlisted men). I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES I. GILBEF~T, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. J. B. SAMPLE, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. No. 60. Report of Col. Risdon 1W. Moore, One hundred and seventeenth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 39. HEADQUARTERS 117TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the part the One hundred and seventeenth Illinois took in the siege and capture of Fort Blakely: I moved with my command the 3d instant) from Sibleys Mills, with the balance of the brigade, and took position in the investment of the enemys works here. The same evening Lient. Col. J. Merriam, in com- mand of skirmishers from my regiment, and the others of the brigade advanced our line in a very handsome style much beyond that of any other brigade. The usual routine of skirmish and siege duties were per. formed by officers and men from that time until the command charged the rebel works, April 9, at 6 p. m. The One hundred and seventeenth was in the line on the left of the brigade and charged the works in a very gallant manner, every officer and enlisted man doing his whole duty. In less than ten minutes after the command ~ was given the regiment swept over half a mile of dense abatis and a line of very formidable earth.works, in which were at least eleven guns bearing on the line. The regiment captured a due proportion of pris- oners and ~rtil1ery taken by the brigade, 750 of the former and 9 pieces of the latter. Corporal Beedle, Company I, also captured 1 small color. Inclosed you will find a list of casualties.* Respectfully, R. M. MOORE, Colonel, Commanding. Brig. Gen. JAMES I. GILBERT, Comdg. Second Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. No. 61. Report of Maj. George W. Howard, Twenty-seventh Iowa Infantry, of operations April 9. HEADQUARTERS TWENTY-SEVENTH IOWA INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by the Twenty-seventh Iowa Infantry in the charge and capture of Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865: At 3.30 p. m. the regiment moved toward the enemys works, taking position on the right of the Second Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, in line of intrenchments 250 yards in the rear of the line in table, p. 113 Page 257 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 257 of skirmishers. Company B was immediately ordered to report to Lieutenant-Colonel Hills as skirmishers. We remained in this position until 5.30 p. in., when the entire line advanced. The regiment moved rapidly forward, not being able to preserve a good line, however, because of fallen timber. When we reached the line of intrenchments from which the skirmishers had advanced when the charge was ordered, a temporary halt was made. Resting but a moment in these intrench- ments, we again advanced with rapidity and carried the enemys works without serious resistance. When the works were carried we again formed line and rapidly pursued the disconcerted foe to Blakely. Here was a large number of the enemy which we assisted in capturing. The enemys gun-boats were lying in the Tensas River immediately and only a few rods in our advance. From this position we returned to camp without unnecessary delay, Companies E, K, and G as guards of prisoners. Company B returned to camp during the evening. The conduct of both officers and men on the occasion was, so far as my knowledge extends, unexceptionable and commendable. The following is the list of casnalties: Sergt. Robert T. Jackson, Company B, wounded severely in the face and neck; Private Albert Tennis, Company C, wounded severely in right hand. Very respectfully, GEO. W. HOWARD, Lieut. W. G. DONNAN, Major, Commanding. Actg. Asst. Adjt. (len., Second Brig., Second Div., 16th Army Corps. No. 62. Report of Lient. Col. Gustavus A. Eberhart, Thirty-second Iowa Infantry, of operations April 9. HEADQUARTERS THIRTY- SECOND IOWA INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. Sn~: As to the part taken by my regiment in the action on the 9th instant, I have the honor to report as follows: My command moved to the reserve line of intrenchments at 4.30 p. in., and with the Sixth Minnesota on our left formed the reserve line of the brigade. While in this position Companies ID, H,andKwere detached under command of Maj. J. Hutchison, and formed on the left of the One hundred and seventeenth Illinois Infantry as part of the first line. These companies participated in the assault on the enemys works at 5.30 p. m. and aided in the capture of a large number of prisoners. The other portion of the regiment being in reserve did not take an active part in the engagement. Too much praise cannot be given the officers and men participating in the assault, and I beg leave to make special mention of Major Hutchison, who with eight men checked 300 of the enemy who were endeavoring to get under cover of the guns of their fleet, and held them in such a manner as to secure the safety of our own forces preventing an artillery fire from the gun-boats of the enemy, they fearing to endanger the lives of their own men. I have no casualties to report. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. A. EBERHART, Lieutenant- Colonel Co Lient. W. G. BONNAN, , mmanding Regiment. Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., Second Div., 16th Army Corps. 17 U BVOL XLIX, PT Page 258 258 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 63. Report of Lient. Col. Charles S. Hills, Tenth Kansas Infantry, of operations April 9. IIDQRS. BATTALION TENTH KANsAs VET. VOL. JNFTY., Fort Blakely, Ala., April 11, 18G5. SIR: i[ have the honor to make the following report of the part in which the troops under my command participated in the assault on the enemys works in rear of Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865: At 10 a. m. on that day I received orders from Brigadier-General Gilbert, commanding brigade, to hold my regiment in readiness to move at a moments notice, which order was immediately transmitted to com- pany commanders. At 1 p. m. I received orders to move immediately to the outer line of works and relieve the picket then occupying those works. A detail of fifty men under Lieutenant Bryan were then already on the reserve skirmish line, and twenty-five men of the command were absent from camp with a working party. At 2p. m. I occupied the outer picket-line, relieving the old picket, and at 3 p. m. Lieutenant Bryan reported to me with the picket reserve of fifty men, and at 3.30 p. m. was strengthened by twenty-eightmen under command of Second Lieut. W. S. Sims, Company B, Twenty-seventh Iowa, which completed the skirmish line in front of the entire brigade, consisting of 148 mcii, in the follow- ing order: Right wing, detachment Company B, Twenty-seventh Iowa, and Company B, Tenth Kansas, commanded by Capt. W. C. Jones, Tenth Kansas, with Licut. W. S. Sims, Twenty-seventh Iowa Volunteer Infantry, and Lieut. John Bryan, Tenth Kansas, subordinate; left, Companies C and D, Tenth Kansas, commanded by Capt. George D. Brooke, with Lieut. George W. May subordinate; center, Company A, Tenth Kansas, commanded by Capt. 11. W. Wood, with Lieut. Porter M. Phillips subordinate. At 4 p. m. General Gilbert notified me that the advance on the rebel works would be made at 5 p. in., commencing on the left and continued through the line, each man immediately fol- lowing the man on his left, my left following immediately the right of the Third Brigade skirmishers; that I should advance my line with the right retired and drive the enemys pickets from their pits, draw the fire of his main line, and ascertain his strength, as well as his weak point; and in the event that he should open on my line with spirit and expose them to too hot a fire I should take advantage of what cover the fallen timber and irregular ground offered, and lie down and await the arrival of the main line. At 5.30 p. m. the movement commenced as directed. The men, leaping over our intrenchments, advanced on a run to the enemys first line of rifle-pits, which were abandoned without much resistance, as was also his second line. While descending the slope to the ravine which lay in my front, the enemy opened with a galling fire of artillery and musketry, using shell, spherical case, canister, and grape, which induced me to look for shelter in the ravine, in accordance with previous orders, but which, on reaching, I found to be enfiladed, and afforded no shelter whatever. For this reason no halt was ordered, our safety depending on breaking through the main works on my left, if possible; if not at any point, take him on the flank and double him up. On gaining the high ground past the ravine the firing became more rapid, and had it been well directed would have been very destructive. No man in the line returned the fire, but each one devoted his whole energy to reack the works as soon as possible, climbed over fallen trees wit Page 259 THE MOBILE CAMPAiGN. 259 scarce an effort, cleared each line of abatis at a single leap, and, scarcely noticing the ditch, mounted the parapets or ponred through the embra- sures at the recoil of the guns that their last discharge had opened for them, and their line was broken. Turning the left of my line (which after entering the embrasures had become a column) to the right, and being joined by those who had climbed the parapets, it swept down on their flank with fixed bayonets with scarcely any opposition, the men throwing down their guns and surrendering, officers waving their white handkerchiefs and delivering up their swords. Here for the first time I discovered the left of the skirmishers of the division of the Thirteenth Corps did not connect with my right, but had made an interval of some eighty yards and having a greater distance to pass over than my line had not yet reached the works. Fearing that the enemys line in their front might, with those who had escaped from my column, discover our weakness and give us trouble, I pushed on down the line, so that the enemy might not have time to recover from his panic, and found that my right had already captured the men and gnus at the center fort and the infantry support on its right, most of the left having run down the ravine to the rear and for the time escaped capture. A portion of the Thirteenth Corps having now arrived, and all resistance at an end and prisoners all secure, I halted my command, reformed them, and rested the men till I received orders to join the brigade. The distance from my right, where it left the picket-line to the point where it struck the enemys works, is 550 yards, and the length of works captured 560 yards. I am unable to give the exact number or rank of prisoners cap- tured by my command, as the success of the assault depended on its being rapidly followed up after the line was broken and leaving the prisoners and trophies in other hands, which was done. I cannot, how- ever, do justice to my command in fixing the number of prisoners cap- tured by them at less than 800, being one entire brigade and two bat- teries, 800 stand of small-arms and accouterments, and 8 pieces of artillery, as follows, viz, one SO-pounder Parrott, carriage and limber with chest; one 7-inch siege gun with carriage; six field pieces with limbers. List of casnalties.* The conduct of both officers and men, during the assault and after the works were carried, was unexception- able. All seemed to know what was to be done, and vied with each other in doing it first. Not a man faltered or deemed himself incompe- tent to accomplish the task. To Lieut. John E. Thorpe, acting adjutant, Tenth Kansas Veteran Volunteer Infantry, I am indebted for the gen- eral direction of the colors and his efficient services in conveying orders under the most difficult circumstances, and to each officer whose name appears above, I wish to make special mention for the cool and systematic manner with which they executed my orders and handled their men. To them I am greatly indebted. To each soldier I owe much for the success of the assault, and, would space permit, I would mention each by name. Respectfully, your obedient servant, CHAS. S. HILLS, Licut. Got. Tenth Kansas, Gomdg. Second Brigade Skirmishers. Lient. W. G. DONNAN, Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., Second Div., 16th Army corps. ~ Nominal list (omitted) shows 6 men killed, 1 officer and 10 men wounded Page 260 260 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 64. Report of Lient. Cot. Hiram P. Grant, Sixth Minnesota Infantry, of operations April 9. IIDQRS. SIXTH MINNESQTA INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, In the Field, Ala., April 10, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor herewith to report that my regiment, in accordance with orders received April 9, 1865, broke camp at 4.30 p. in., and with one days rations and no transportation took up the line of march for the position assigned to us in the assaulting column in front of the fortifications at Blakely, Ala., viz, the left center, Second Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. Our lines were advanced to within 1,700 yards of the enemys works, where I was ordered to remain with the reserve of the assaulting column. We remained in this position until after the charge was made, having received no orders to advance. A detachment of 250 officers and men was ordered to guard the prisoners captured by the brigade. I have the honor to report also no casualties in the action. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, II. P. GRANT, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Lient. W. G. DONNAN, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., Second Div., 16th Army Corps. No. 65. Report of Cot. Charles L. Harris. Eleventh Wisconsin Infantry, com manding Third Brigade, of operations April 39. IIDQRS. THIRD BRIG., SEC OND DIV., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to report the operations of my command from the date of the advance on Blakely, as follows: At noon of the 3d instant, in obedience to instructions from the gen. eral commanding, I advanced with my command in the direction of Blakely and went into position on the left of the army. As soon as my line was formed I advanced a strong skirmish line, supported by the Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry, with instructions to advance as close as possible to the enemys works (connecting with the brigade on my right), then to intrench and hold their position. This they successfully accomplished, the skirmish line occupying a ridge directly in front of the enemys works and distant about 900 yards, with the support close up, the command working all night throwing up strong rifle-pits. In this position I rem~dned until the evening of the 6th instant, when I ordered the Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry and One hundred and seventy-eighth New York Volunteer Infantry to advance a line of skirmishers still nearer to the enemy and drive them from their pits in front of their main works. This they succeeded in accomplishing with a loss of but 1 killed and 4 wounded, although exposed to a heavy fire from both artillery and musketry. I then advanced my main line to the position formerly occupied by my skirmish line, and commenced strengthening my works and making connections with the works occupied by m Page 261 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 261 advance. On the afternoon of the 7th I sent forward the Fifty-second Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry and Battalion of Fifty-eighth Illinois Veteran Volunteers to relieve the Eleventh Wisconsin and One hnndred and seventy-eighth ~ ew York Volunteers, leaving one com- pany of the Eleventh Wisconsin on the left as sharpshooters. The Seventeenth Ohio Battery having been ordered to report to me, I com- menced at dark building a work for their guns on the right of my line. About midnight the enemy opened with artillery in my front and kept up a severe fire for about two honrs. They at the same time advanced a strong line of skirmishers on my right with the evident intention of capturing my advanced works. My men allowed them to come up within about forty yards of their works when they opened fire on them. They evidently were not anticipating so bold a front, and rapidly retreated to their works with a loss of 15 killed and 22 wounded. Dnring the day of the 8th instant the enemy kept up a continuous fire from their artillery on my line, but did no damage. At 5 p. m. I moved forward the Thirty-fourth New Jersey Volunteers and relieved the Fifty-second Indiana and Fifty-eighth Illinois, and during the night completed the fort for the Seventeenth Ohio Battery and moved their gnus in, with instructions to open on the enemy at daylight of the 9th, but the enemy did not seem anxious to draw our fire and only fired at long intervals. During the afternoon of f he 9th I was sent for by the general commanding Second Division, and there met General Gilbert and Colonel Binaker, brigade commanders of this division, and General Veatch, commanding a division of the Thirteenth Army Corps, and it was then decided that this division should move on the enemys works in two lines, with a strong line of skirmishers in advance at 5.30 p. m. in the following order: First Brigade, Third Brigade, Second Brigade, with Veatchs division on our right as a support. At 5 p. m. I moved my brigade into our works, putting the Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry, One hundred and seventy-eighth New York Volun- teer Infantry, and Battalion Fifty-eighth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry in the front line, with the Thirty-fourth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry and Fifty-second Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry as the second line. At 5.45 oclock I received an order from Brigadier-General Garrard to advance my skirmish line (the First Brigade not moving promptly), which was promptly moved forward, and I immediately after started my first line, which moved as rapidly as the nature of the ground would admit, it being covered with fallen timber and two lines of abatis over a distance of 450 yards on the left and 600 yards on the right, and although exposed to a galling fire of grape, canister, and musketry on the left flank and front, my first line soon reached ~nd carried the enemys works. The Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry - having the shortest distance to go, first entered their works, and fight. ing hand to hand succeeded in breaking their lines (rebel officers and men captured give that regiment this credit), the One hundred and seventy-eighth New York Volunteer Infantry and Fifty-eighth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry following close up, rendering good service. When the first line got near the enemys works the second line was ordered to move forward, which they did without loss. Immediately after occupying the works I collected my brigade together and sent out detachments to collect prisoners, the result of which was the cap- ture of 30 officers, 505 enlisted men, 3 cannon, 156 muskets, 6 ammu- nition chests filled with ammunition, 1 blacksmith shop, and a large quantity of cartridge-boxes, belts, plates, & c. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of both officers and men of my command. Where all behaved so well it is hard to make any distinction, but I canno Page 262 262 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. neglect to mention First Lieut. Angus R. McDonald, of the Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry, who on mounting the parapet was attacked by six men. He knocked down five of them with his saber and in return received a shot through the thigh and two bayonet wounds. Inclosed is a list of casnalties.* Respectfully submitted. C. L. HARRIS, Colonel Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry, Comdg. [Maj. J. B. SAMPLE, Asst. Adit. Gen., Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps.] No. 66. Report of Capt. John Murphy, Fifty-eighth Illinois Infantry, of oper ations April 39. HDQRS. BATTALION FIFTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS VOL. JNFTY., Fort Blakely, Ala., April 10, 18G5. SIR: In obedience to orders received this morning I have the honor to submit the following report: My battalion was ordered on the morning of the 3d instant from the position occupied near Spanish Fort to this point. In obedience to instructions from the brigade commander, at 11.45 a. m. we were on the road and under way. Arriving near Blakely we were halted at 2.15 p. in., and rested until a camp-ground was selected. At sunset we-were in comfortable quarters, having made a distance of about five miles. One commissioned officer and twenty men detailed for picket. They advanced and took up a new line after a sharp skirmish. Casualties, one killed. At 12 m. of the 4th we took our position on the picket-line. Not many of the enemy showed themselves, and during the tour of dnty comparatively few shots were exchanged. Two deserters came into our line surrendering to Capt. Henry Smith, of Company C, on the morning of the 5th. They were turned over to Colonel Harris the same evening. The battalion was not relieved until 5 p. in., making the time of duty thirty hours. No casualties. During the evening of the 7th orders were received to lie on our arms, which was done. At 2 a. m. of the 8th notice was received that we must re-enforce the picket at 4 oclock. The company commanders were immediately notified, and promptly at the appointed hour the battalion fell in line. The morning was very dark, but without difficulty I found the reserve and reported to Lieutenant-Colonel Gandolfo, One hundred and seventy-eighth New York. The enemy had a very accurate range, and threw a number of shell which burst directly in front and over us, but did no injury. Two of the companies, B and D, were relieved at 5 oclock; the other two companies remained on the line until 12 m. At Sp. m. the battalion was again under arms and on the picket-line, relieving the One hundred and seventy-eighth New York and a portion of the Eleventh Wiscon- sin. We occupied on the advance a series of short ditches which had been dng by the command above named, keeping a sharp lookout. The officer in charge of the advance kept the larger part of his force at work digging to connect the short trenches and make a continuous work. Before the work was half completed, at 12 midnight, the enemy made a sudden dash in considerable force, their old and new picket forming a heavy skirmish line, which was backed by a strong reserve. * Embodied in table, p. 113 Page 263 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 263 The extreme left of our line was the point of attack. The skirmishers, Companies B and D, met them with a galling fire at short range, but they continued to advance until the whispered orders of the officers could be distinctly heard in our pits. There we held them at bay, and eventually drove them back with an acknowledged loss of 6 killed and some 30 wounded. The affair lasted forty-five minutes. Captain Pulis, the officer in charge, reports that when the enemy retreated he had only four rounds of ammunition to a man left, his command having expended an average of sixty rounds, aiid fixed bayonets to repel the expected charge. Our entire loss was three men wounded. After repelling the charge the line of works was completed. We were relieved from duty on the skirmish line at 0 p. m. of the 8th instant by the Thirty-fourth New Jersey. In obedience to instructions received yesterday after- noon, 9th instant, at 5 p. in., we were in line and relieved the Thirty- fourth New Jersey on a part of its line. We had only just time enough to assume our position when a general advance was ordered. The bat- talion mounted the works with a yell, and rapidly as the nature of the ground would permit advanced to the enemys position. Regu- lar lines could not be maintained, as far the greater portion of the ground over which we charged was utterly impassable, but there was no skulking in this battalion. Every officer and man reached the rebel works, most of them entering the fort before the guns to our right and left had been silenced. Where all did their whole duty it would be unjust to particularly mention any. I regret to report First Lient. Thomas Malloy, of Company A, killed. He was a brave officer a nob generous man. Lieut. Benjamin F. Atwater, of Company C, le, severely wounded. Among the enlisted men the loss is as follows: Killed, 1; ruQrtally wounded, since died, 1; wounded, 10. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN MURPHY, Capt. B. E; JACKSON, Captain, Commanding Battalion. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 67. Report of Lient. Col. Zalmon S. Main, Fifty-second Indiana Infantry, of onerations April 39. HDQRS. 52D REGIMENT INDIANA VET. VOL. INFANTRY, Fort Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by the Fifty-second Regiment Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry from the 3d instant up to the taking of this fort last evening: For some days previous to the 3d instant my regiment occupied a position on the left of the Thirty-fourth New Jersey Regiment Volun- teer Infantry as a reserve in the rear of Spanish Fort, doing picket duty and making gabions for the troops of our corps who were advancing on that fort. On the morning of the 3d instant I was ordered to strike tents and follow the Thirty-fourth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry for this place, where we arrived late that afternoon and pitched tents. During that night I was ordered by the colonel commanding the Third Brigade to move the Fifty-second Indiana in support of the pickets of the Third Brigade, where the most of the regiment remained on duty until the evening of the 5th instant, advancing and connecting the rifle-pits and strengthening the works oceupied by the reserve pickets Page 264 264 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. which were commenced the night previous by the Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry. The Fifty-second Indiana Veteran Vol- unteer Infantry was again placed on picket duty on the evening of the 7th instant. About 1 a. m. on the 8th instant the advance pickets were attacked by the enemy in strong force, who were (after meeting a spirited resistance from the pickets composed of the Fifty-second Indi- ana Veteran Volunteer Infantry and the Fifty-eighth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry) forced back with a loss of 15 men killed and 22 wounded from Laws regiment Alabama infantry, occupying the works in front of the pickets of the Third Brigade, according to an official report of that regiment found in their works after having been taken from them. (The said report is in my possession.) On the afternoon of the 9th instant I was ordered by the colonel commanding the Third Brigade to move the Fifty-second Indiana from camp to the reserve line of the picket and form on the left of the Thirty-fourth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry; that the Thirtyfourth New Jersey and Fifty-second Indiana would form the third assaulting line of the Third Brigade, and the assault would be made by a line advancing from the advance picket-line at 5.30 p. m. At about this time, or a little later in the day, the advance line moved forward, at which time the colonel commanding the brigade gave the order for a general attack upon the enemy~5 works. As soon as this order was communicated to my regiment they sprang over the works with a determination and with a seeming eagerness that but few troops exhibit under similar circumstances. Every officer and man in the regiment, so far as I know, used every exertion to reach the enemys works as soon as possible, to assist in its capture; and although it was not pos- sible for the regiment to be the first over the enemys works, as the distance was so much farther for them to go than it was for some, yet it arrived in time to capture twenty-seven prisoners of war including one captain and one lieutenant, which seemed to end hostilities, so far as the Fifty-second Indiana was concerned, for the night. The cas- ualties in the regiment during the engagement, considering the expos- ure it was subject to, were very light, there being but 1 corporal and 1 private killed. The following is a list of casualties: Corpl. Charles M. McCright, Company C, killed; Private Joshua Barnes, Company B, killed. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, Z. S. MAIN, Lient. Cot., Comdg. Fifty-second Indiana Veteran Vol. Infty. Capt. R. E. JACKSON, Acty. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., Second Div., 16th Army Corps. No. 68. Report of Col. William Hudson Lawrence, Thirty-fourth New Jersey Jinfantry, of operations April 39. IIDQRS. THIRTY-FOURTH REcUMENT NEW JERSEY VOLS., Before Mobile, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of my regiment since its arrival at this camp: April 3, arrived within two miles of Blakely, Ala.; encamped in line of battle; furnished a detail for the skirmish line to commence the investment for Blakely. April 4, in camp all day. April 5, the regiment went to the front at 5 p. in.; relieved the skirmish line of the Elevent Page 265 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 265 Wisconsin Veteran Volunteers by 250 men; the balance of the regi- ment was engaged in building a redonbt for two guns and running a covered way. April 6, still engaged on redoubt and covered way; two privates wounded on the skirmish line; relieved at tip. m. and returned to camp. April 7, in camp all day. April 8, the regiment went to the front at 5 p. in., relieving the Fifty-second Indiana and Fifty-eighth Illinois. The reserve was engaged all night in completing redoubt for four guns commenced by Fifty.second Indiana and in running saps and completing connections of the skirmish line. April 9, still engaged on saps, having completed the redoubt last night at 5.30 p. m. Formed as reserve line of battle preparatory to a charge on the rebel works at 5.45, onr first line of battle driving all before them. The reserve was ordered to charge, which they did in gallant style. Our loss during the day was 2 killed, I wounded, and 1 missing. Returned to camp at 8 p. in., Blakely having been gloriously captured. WM. HUDSON LAWRENCE, Colonel, Commanding Thirty-fourth New Jersey Volunteers. Capt. R. E. JACKSON, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 69. Report of Jieut. Col. John B. Gandolfo, One hundred and seventy-eighth New York infantry, of operations April 39. HEADQUARTERS 178TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, In the Field, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the part taken by my command in the operations about this place: Early in the morning of the 3d instant I broke camp, in the rear of headquarters of the army, and marched to the landing, to load and escort the train on its return to division headquarters, where I arrived next day. On the night of the 6th instant, my regiment being on picket, I advanced the line and occupied the rifle-pits of the enemy, placing my reserve where the skirmish line had been. At daylight next morning the enemy advanced in order to retake their rifle-pits, but were unsuccessful. On the afternoon of the 9th I received orders to advance upon the enemys works, being connected on the right by the Fifty~ eighth Illinois Infantry and the left by the Eleventh Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry. On arriving on the line of skirmishers I ordered my regiment to charge rapidly and not halt until the enemys works were in our possession. The rapidity of the advance was greatly impeded by fallen timber, and although exposed to a galling fire of grape and canister on each flank, as well as musketry in front, I gained the breast-works of the enemy with trifling loss, and planting my colors, the first upon their works, I pushed on to the river after those of the enemy who had fled in that direction and occupied a small earth-work on the right, leaving the prisoners in my rear to be cared for by the supporting column. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of both officers and men of my regiment. Where all behaved so nobly it were useless to make distinction. I have the honor to be, respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN B. GANDOLFO, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. R. E. JACKSON, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., & eond Div., 16th Army Corps Page 266 266 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 70. Report of Maj. Jesse S. Miller, Eleventh Wisconsin infantry, of oper ations April 39. llnQus. ELEVENTH WISCONSIN VET. VOL. INFANTRY, in Front of Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of oper- ations of this regiment in front of Blakely: About 11.30 a. m. Monday, April 3, the regiment, with the balance of the brigade, broke up camp near Sibleys Mills and marched to the support of Major-General Steele, commanding forces in front of Blakely. Reached this place at 4 p. in., and joined on the left of Veatchs divis- ion, extreme left of Thirteenth Army Corps, in front of enemys right. At sundown the Eleventh was ordered to support a line of skirmishers thrown out to ascertain the enemys position. The skirmish line advanced and drove in the enemys pickets and took position on the brow of a hill within 1,000 yards of the rebel works. The regiment halted about 100 yards in rear of skirmish line~ and then proceeded to intrench themselves. By daylight a rifle-pit capable of holding the whole regiment was completed. No casualties up to this time occurred, though the enemy kept up a constant artillery fire all night. The regiment was relieved from the front at noon of the 4th, with the exception of Company I, which was sent to the skirmish line as sharp. shooters, and remained there until 5 p. in. of the 5th, when it was relieved by Company E. At 5 p. m. on the 6th the regiment was again sent to the front, and Company E was relieved. Up to this no advance of the lines had been made. An advance of the whole line having been ordered, at 10 p. m. Companies A, C, F, and II moved forward 200 yards in front of the position taken on the 3d instant, and established a front line connecting on the right and left. The balance of the regi- ment occupied the rifle-pits vacated by the skirmish line and was held in reserve. During the advance one of Company A was slightly wounded in left hand. The regiment was relieved from the front at dark on the 7th, and Company E again sent out as sharpshooters. April 8, at sundown, Company E was relieved by Company I. At 5 p. in. April 9 received orders to move out to advance rifle-pits and form on the left of One hundred and seventy-eighth New York Volunteers and Fifty-eighth Illinois, preparatory to assaulting the enemys works. CompaniesA,F,andDweredeployedasskirmishersinadvanceofthe pit, and were ordered to lie down. At 5.30 the order was given to move forward, when the regiment rushed from their concealment with a yell and made for the enemys works in its front under a murderous fire, mounted the parapets, and carrhid them at the point of the bay- onet, capturing over 300 prisoners, 2 guns, and several horses and mules. The loss of the Eleventh in this charge was 15 killed and 48 wounded, of which 1 second lieutenant was killed and 2 first lieuten- ants wounded. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. S. MILLER, Major, Commanding Regiment. Capt. 15. E. JACKSON~ Acty. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., Second Div., 16th Army Corps Page 267 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 267 No. 71. Report of Capt. Charles S. Rice, Seventeenth Battery Ohio Light Artil- lery, of operations April 9. HEADQUARTERS SEVENTEENTH OHIO BATTERY, Near Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. I have the honor to report the following as the amount of artillery captured April 9, 1865, by the Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, ~at Blakely, Ala.: Eight light 12-pounder bronze guns, smooth; two 10-pounder Parrott guns, rifled; one 6-pounder bronze gun, rifled; three 6-pounder bronze guns, smooth; one 12-pounder howitzer, bronze; two 12-pounder how- itzers, iron; one 7-inch siege gun, marked J.IR..A. & Co.,~ F.,1861;two 8-inch siege guns, marked R. L. B., Nos. 4 and 10; one 30-pounder Parrott gun, Selma, March, 1865; 4 iron mortars, Coehorn; total, 21 guns and 4 mortars. Also 9 caissons and limbers complete; 11 limbers for guns; the complete running gear for 4 guns and 4 caissons; 1 battery wagon complete; 1 forge. Yery respectfully, your most obedient servant, CHAS. S. RICE, Maj. ~. B. SAMPLE, Captain Seventeenth Ohio Battery. Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 72. Reports of Brig. Gen. Eugene A. Carr, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division, of operations March 27April 9. IIDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Near Spanish Fort, Ala., A 9, 1865. COLONEL: In making, according to verbal instructions, a report of the operations before this place, I have the honor to state that on the 27th of March, at 10 oclock, we closed up on the rebel works, and since that time have been incessantly occupied in making approaches, parallels, and batteries till its final fall at 12 oclock midnight last night. For the first two or three days we suffered severely from the enfilading fire of Batter- ies Huger and Tracy and the rebel gun-boats, but were relieved by the batteries we erected on the shore above our camp. Yesterday after- noon, a bombardment having been ordered to commence at 5.30 p. in., I directed Col. J. L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa (commanding my Third Bri- gade), to press with skirmishers on his right against the rebel left, feel their strength, ascertain the nature of the ground, and take as much as he could hold. Colonel Geddes was, while I. was giving him his instructions, shaking with a chill, but executed my orders and com- manded his brigade with as much efficiency as a mau in perfect health. I also directed all the mortars and artillery bearing on the enemys left to keep up a continued fire, carrying it forward, so that the projectiles would take effect in front of our advancing line; ordered the next bri- gade to keep up a hot skirmish fire, and at the proper moment caused the brigade on my extreme left to raise a cheer to call the attention of the enemy and make them expect an assault in front. The advance of Colonel Geddes succeeded admirably. He took possession of about 300 yards of the rebel works, and we might have gone at once over the whole interior, but I did not feel justified in risking too much on my own responsibility. As soon as the rebels found that they were flanke Page 268 268 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. they commenced to evacuate. My skirmishers, sent forward to feel their position, met with little resistance, and at midnight the whole work was in our possession. Our captures amount to 4 flags, 46 pieces of artillery, large and small, including three 7-inch Brookes in the water battery, and two 8-inch columbiads in front, 700 small-arms, and 540 prisoners, including 20 officers, and a large amount of ammunition. Twenty-six of the enemys dead were buried on the field by my men this morning. I cannot commend too highly the conduct of the officers and soldiers of my division during this trying, dangerous, and laborious siege. The men were all on duty at least once in twenty-four hours. On one occa- sion the officers and non-commissioned officers of a brigade held the trenches during the day while the men slept. It will not be improper for me to mention especially my brigade commanders, Col. James L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa Infantry, commanding Third Brigade- Col. Joria- than B. Moore, Thirty-third Wisconsin Infantry, commanding First Brigade; Col. Lyman M. Ward, Fourteenth Wisconsin Infantry, com- manding Second Brigade. Colonel Moore and his brigade were distin- guished during the siege for the energy and intelligence which they displayed in pushing the approaches, and for their promptness in sup- porting Colonel Geddes assault. Lient. Henry Vineyard, Company G, Eighth Iowa Volunteers, was especially distinguished as leading the charge of his regiment, and is dangerously wounded in the thigh and arm. My loss during the whole siege is 29 killed, 195 wounded, and 1 missing, including 7 killed and 19 wounded in the assault.* My staff officers all behaved with gallantry, and showed the utmost energy and perseverance. Their names are Lient. CoL W. R. Lackland, One hun- dred and eighth Illinois Infantry, picket officer, distinguished for lead- ing his regiment, musket in hand, on the day of investment and on the day of the capture; Maj. C. B. Loop, acting assistant inspector-general; Capt. Bluford Wilson, assistant adjutant-general, who is a most gallant and energetic officer, and acted as aide to Colonel Geddes during the assault; Capt. W. L. Scott, Thirty-third Wisconsin Volunteers, acting assistant inspector-general; Capt. H. M. Bush, Ninety-fifth Illinois Volunteers, assistant commissary of musters; Capt. E. Morgan, jr., Seventy-second Illinois Volunteers, provost-marshal; Capt. A. Geddes, Eighth Iowa Volunteers, acting aide-de-camp; Lient. Charles A. Harms, Forty-third Illinois Volunteers, aide-de-camp; Lieut. W. B. Walker, Ninety-fifth Illinois Volunteers, aide-de-camp; Snrg. E. Powell, Seventy-second Illinois Volunteers, surgeon-in-chief; Capt. J. P. Reese, commanding pioneers. Capt. H. L. Wheeler, Ninety-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry, acting engineer officer, displayed great energy, pertinacity, and untiring industry. I would also mention Bvt. Capt. C. J. Allen, U. S. Engineers, on General Smiths staff, acting chief engineer for the corps; Capt. J. G. Patton, acting engineer and acting assistant inspector-general military division; Major Connelly and Captain Hen- dricks First Indiana Heavy Artillery; Captain Craig, Sixth Michigan Heavy Artillery; Captain Blankenship, First Indiana Heavy Artillery, commanding mortar batteries, and Captain Gillis, U. S. Navy, all for rendering great assistance in constructing and working batteries in my front. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. A. CAJUI, Brigadier- General. Lient. Col. JoHN Houcrn, Assistant Adjutant-General, ~S~ixteenth Army Corps. But see table, p 114 Page 269 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 269 IIDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPs, Near Montgomery, Ala., April 26, 1865. COLONEL: In accordance with paragraph 1, General Field Orders, iNo. 19, current series, headquarters Army and Division of West Mis- sissippi, I have the honor to report that 4 battle-flags and 540 prisoners were captured by my division in the engagement at Spanish Fort, which have been delivered to the commanding general of the Sixteenth Army Corps. Also 40 cannon and 700 small-arms were captured by my command in connection with the other troops, of which a list was made oift by my ordnance officer and a receipt for which was signed by the officer who was ordered to occupy the place, but this officer afterward tore his signature oft?, and has no doubt made out a new list and prop- erly accounted for the property. The battle-flags were captured as follows: One by Sergt. E. A. Bras, Company K, Eighth Iowa Volun- teers, who took it from the rebel color-bearer; one by Eighth Jowa Vet- eran Volunteer Infantry Regiment; one by One hundred and eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment; one by One hundred and twenty- fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. The prisoners and ord- nance were captured in the general capture. The following-named individual officers and men distinguished themselves in that engage- ment in the manner set forth below, viz: Col. James L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa, commanding Third Brigade (although quite ill), for great bravery, endurance, and activity in pressing the siege, and being the first to storm with his brigade a part of the enemys works, taking four colors and many prisoners, and causing the enemy to evacuate. Col. Jona- than B. Moore, Thirty-third Wisconsin, commanding First Brigade, for great bravery, endurance, activity, pertinacity, and skill in pressing the siege, and promptness on all occasions. He has already been bre- vetted brigadier for Nashville, but official intelligence has not arrived. Col. Lyman M. Ward, Fourteenth Wisconsin, commanding Second Brigade, for bravery, energy, and activity in pressing the siege. Col. Charles Turner, One hundred and eighth Illinois, for bravery, energy, and activity in pressing the siege and efficiency in the assault. Lieut. Col. William It. Lackland, One hundred and eighth Illinois, picket officer of the division, for bravery, energy, activity, and perseverance in his especial duties, and generally as a staff officer in the siege, and also in taking a musket and leading the men on two occasions, viz, when pressing up the investment and when making the final assault. Sergt. E. A. Bras,~ Company K, Eighth Iowa, for capturing flag from standard-bearer with his own hands. Capt. Bluford Wilson, assistant adjutant-general, for great bravery, endurance, and activity in pressing the siege, acting frequently as aide, and being particularly conspicuous in the assault, where he volunteered as aide to Colonel Geddes. He has frequently distinguished himself heretofore and is well worthy of promotion. Capt. Henry L. Wheeler, Ninety-sixth lIT. S. Colored, acting engineer officer, for great industry, pertinacity, bravery, and untiring assiduity in conducting the works of the siege, constructing batteries, providing materials, making maps, & c. First Lieut. Charles A. Harms, Forty-third Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry, my aide-de-camp, for bravery, energy, and activity, and I specially request his promotion. I inclose the reports of the commanders of the three brigades of my division, marked A, B, and C; also special reports of the commanders of the First and Third Brigades, marked ID and E, giving credit to individuals, which II cordially indorse; as also the mention by Colonel Ward, commanding Second Brigade (in his report of operations), of Capt. M. S. Lake, Company G, Fourteenth Wisconsin Volunteer Infa Page 270 270 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. try. I would respectfully recommend that the officers and soldiers mentioned receive promotion or some other appropriate acknowledg- ment of-their services. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. A. CARR, - Brigadier- General, Comdg. Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. Lieut. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Army and Division of West Mississippi. No. 73. Report of Cot. Jonathan B. Moore, Thirty-third Wisconsin Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations March 27April 9. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., THIRD Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, Camp near Blakety, Ala., April 11, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the First Brigade in the siege and capture of Spanish Fort, Ala.: At 10 a. m. of the 27th of March when within one mile and a half of the enemys works we struck his line of pickets. By order of the general commanding I immediately formed my brigade in line on the left of the Third Brigade, and threw out a heavy skirmish line and ordered the brigade forward in line on the left of the Third Brigade, the Second Brigade being on the left, our skirmishers driving the enemy briskly before them, they falling back upon their works. By 11 a. m. my skirmish line had advanced to within 300 yards of the enemys works. I then, by order of the general, moved my main line up near to the skirmish line and formed to support the First and Fourteenth Indiana Batteries, which were both placed in my line. At dark Col. L. M. Ward commanding Second Brigade, was ordered to relieve my left regiment (the Forty-fourth Missouri), which I placed in reserve in rear of my right flank. This left me but three regiments in line, the Thirty-third Wisconsin on the right, Ninety-fifth Illinois on the left, and Seventy-second Illinois in the center. These regiments, as soon as it was dark, I advanced to the position gained and held by my skirmish line during the day, about 300 yards from the enemys main line. I threw up my first line of works immediately, and while this line was being established I ordered each regiment to advance its skirmish line to the crest of the ridge in our front, which was about 150 yards dis- tant, and if possible intrench them in that position, forming my second line of works. At daylight of the 28th I found that Colonel Blanden, of the Ninety-fifth Illinois, had advanced his line under Captain Schel- lenger, of his regiment, and had gained the position and intrenched themselves as I had directed. I immediately ordered the Seventy- second Illinois and Thirty-third Wisconsin to advance their skirmishers to the line of the Ninety-fifth Illinois, which was effected by 9 a. m. During the day and night this line was opened found my second line within 150 yards of the enemys works. On the morning of the 29th 1 ordered Col. L. Blanden to open a sap or covered way from the left of his front line to his second. I also ordered Lieu- tenant-Colonel Virgin to open a covered way from the center of his rear to his front line. Col. L. Blanden pushed his work with s Page 271 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 271 much vigor that by 11 a. m. of the morning of the 30th he had a safe communication between his two lines. During this day the enemy opened a battery on my right, almost enfilading my front line, wound- ing several of my men. The 31st was occupied in widening and per- fecting my saps and works, the enemy again enfilading my front line with his battery on the right, badly wounding several of my men. Long before this we had silenced all the batteries in our front, but this one was so far to the right we could not reach it with our musketry. At night I prepared and masked a Rodman gun of the First Jndiana Battery between my two lines of works-to bear upon the enemys gun, which had done this damage, so that when he opened on ns the morn- ing of April 1 he was able to fire but four shots until our IRodman silenced him, and never allowed him to open again during the siege. This night I determined to advance my line again thirty yards, open- ing up my third line of works. This third line of works I subsequently opened out so as to permit the passage of artillery through my entire works under cover. On the evening of the 2d of April I started two saps from my front line, one from my right and one from my left cen- ter. These saps were driven with such vigor that by the evening of the 8th we were within twenty-five or thirty yards of the enemys works. At 6 p. m. on the evening of the 8th I received orders to man my trenches with 300 men, and moved with the balance of my brigade to the right to support the Third Brigade, which had turned the enemys left. My orders were to report my presence to Colonel Geddes, com- manding Third Brigade, and to offer him any needed support. I found that Colonel Geddes had left the field, leaving his brigade in command of Colonel Turner. I immediately threw out the Thirty-third Wiscon- sin to cover his flank, which seemed threatened, and ordered the Nine- ty-fifth Illinois to open a road through the enemys abatis, so as to be able to move troops and artillery to his assistance if he were pushed. This work was finished by 8 p. in., when I received orders from the general commanding to open a line of works from the front trenches of the Third Brigade to the left of the enemys trenches, which had been turned and was occupied by the Third Brigade. At about 10 p. in., finding that the skirmishers of the Third Brigade had not pushed out to develop the enemys position, as I had understood the general to order, upon a conference with yourself I determined to move my com- mand back in my trenches and form them and push the enemys works in my front. I immediately gave the orders, and while my staff officers were bringing up and forming my brigade, I ordered Major James, of the Seventy-second lllinois, who was field officer of the day and in charge of the 300 men in the trenches, to deploy his men in strong skirmish line and break through the enemys skirmish line, which was covered in rifle-pits in front of their main works, and which had kept up a constant fire on our front. Finding that this movement should be made with great rapidity, in order, if the enemy were evacuating, to prevent him from escaping, destroying, or getting off his property, or if, as was the general theory, he was falling back and forming a new line, by a rapid attack to break him and throw him into confusion, I gave orders for the brigade to move forward rapidly, pushing forward the skirmishers as rapidly as possible to the enemys works, capturing his entire skirmish line. Immediately upon reaching the enemys main line I ordered my lines to swing to the left and charge down the enemys works, and if possible develop his position, in this manner passing nea Page 272 272 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. and capturing the entire line of forts and works from in front of the right of my trenches to near Fort Alexis, capturing the entire picket- line, the guns, and a portion of his garrison and all the mortars on this line, some fifteen or twenty pieces of artillery. Failing to develop the position of the enemy, Fort Alexis being in my front, a strong fort off on my right flank, and believing, as J did, that the enemy must occupy either the one or the other of these positions, and Colonel Geddes failing to come up with his brigade as I had supposed he would, I determined to halt and reform my brigade, facing the fort and position on my right, this reformation occupying about thirty minutes of time. When learn- ing that Colonel Ward had moved up to support me with his brigade, I sent and asked him to leave a regiment to watch our rear and left flank from any dash which might be made from Fort Alexis. I then ordered forward my brigade in line in the new direction to the right npon the water battery until my skirmish line reached the water bat- tery and the bay. Soon after reaching this position Colonel Geddes came up with his brigade. Here I heard for the first time (I heard from prisoners captured) that the enemy was escaping to Fort Tracy by boats and narrow foot bridge, which was reported to be about two miles up the bay from my present position. I immediately moved with the Thirty-third Wisconsin and one company of the Seventy-second Illinois for this point, leaving my brigade under command of Colonel Blanden, of the Ninety-fifth Illinois, with orders to move to my sup- port if he should find I had discovered the enemy. On reaching the point off Fort Tracy I found that the enemy had made good his escape to the forts and gun-boats which lay off the point. Finding farther pursuit impossible, I ordered the troops back to quarters, leaving guard over the guns and mortars captured. I think the result of this rapid movement was the capture of the enemys entire picket-line, and prevented him from destroying his guns, stores, and ammunition. I take great pleasure, captain, in thanking you for the aid you afforded me in making this movement. No man could have behaved with more gallantry than you did on that occasion. During the entire operations before Spanish Fort the officers and soldiers of my command worked day and night with an energy and zeal rarely equaled. My regimental commanders each supported me with unusual energy. Col. L. Blan- den, of the Ninety-fifth Illinois, for the manner in which he pushed his works and handled his~ men, deseryes especial notice. Of my own staff officersCapt. George B. Carter, Thirty-third Wisconsin Volunteers, acting assistant adjutant-general; Capt. Charles W. Stark, Thirty-third Wisconsin, acting aide-de-camp, and Capt. A. Schellenger, trench offi- cerI cannot speak in too high terms. Up at all hours superintend- ing the trenches and advancing lines, snatching an hours sleep now and then, at all times displaying the true energy and perseverance of the determined and unconquerable soldier. I hereto append the list of casualties of the brigade,* all of which is respectfully submitted. J. B. MOORE, Colonel, Corndg. First Brig., Third Div., lGth Army Corps. Capt. B. WILSON, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Division, Sixteenth Army Corps. * Embodied in table, p. 113 Page 273 THE MOBILE CAMPAIG~I. 273 No. 74. Report of Got. Leander Blanden, Ninety-fifth Illinois Infantry, of operations March 27April 9. IIDQRS. NINETY-FIFTH REGT. ILLINOIS VOL. INFANTRY, April 15, 1865. Siu: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of the Ninety-fifth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry during the siege of Spanish Fort, Ala.: On the morning of March 27 when the brigade line of battle was formed I threw out my skirmishers and immediately moved my com- mand forward, skirmishing briskly with the enemy and driving him back toward his works. At noon of the same day I had advanced to within 300 yards of his main line and took position nearly in front of what is known as the Red and White Forts, under a heavy fire of mus- ketry and artillery. My skirmishers were active during the remainder of tlie day, and at dusk I set my men at work building my first line of works, and on the 28th occupied them with my regiment. I then com- menced running a sap from my works across a.ravine in my front, and on the 29th my rifle-pits were completed on the opposite ridge, where my sharpshooters (now advanced to within 150 yards of the forts) silenced his heavy guns. My command after this was kept busily employed day and night advancing our rifle-pits under the tire of the rebel sharpshooters, and on the 8th instant my trenches were within twenty-five yards of the opposing line. During the bombardment by our artillery on the 8th instant my command (except heavy details which were busy in front) remained in camp, no order to the contrary having been received, until the rapid firing commenced on the extreme right of our whole line, held by the Third Brigade. In accordance with orders I then formed my command in line and moved at once iuto my advanced rifle-pits, holding my men in readiness for any movement. After remaining in this position about one hour I was ordered to move my regiment around to support of Colonel Geddes brigade (Third), which was then charging the enemys works. This order was executed promptly, and I arrived at the point designated in time to co-operate. I remained there in position until late in the evening of the 8th when orders were received to move back to my rifle-pits, and I accordingly moved my regiment to that point on the double-quick. On arriving there I immediately led my regiment over my own rifle-pits and charged over the Red and White Forts, tearing away the chevaux-de-frise iu our course. At this time there were no other Federal forces preceding me, and I ordered my command forward toward the bay and halted until the regiments of the brigade came up to the place where the brigade line was first formed after the general charge into the works of the enemy. In accordance with orders then received I moved forward to withiu a short distance of Fort Alexis, taking possession of the same and plac- ing proper guards over the guns. In compliance with orders, I after- ward marched my command back to camp, arriving about 4 a. m. the morning of the 9th, having captured during the movement 2 commis- sioned officers and 30 privates. The following are the casualties that occurred in my command during the siege of the fort.* In concluding this report I deem it due to the officers and enlisted men of my com * Nominal list (here omitted) shows 1 man killed and 1 officer and 26 men wounded. 18 R HVOL XLIX, PT Page 274 274 KY., S. W. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. PLA. mand to praise them for the brave, efficient, and persevering manner in which they have conducted themselves throughout the siege of Spanish Fort, from the first to the last day of the investment. They have labored unceasingly night and day with pick and shovel, as well as with their arms, all striving to accomplish the common object. I am, sir, most respectfully, your obedient servant, LEANDEIR BLANDEN, Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. GEORGE B. CARTER, Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Brig., Third Div., 16th Army Corps. No. 75. Report of Cot. Lyman M. Ward, Fourteenth Wisconsin Infantry, com manding Second Brigade, of operations March 27April 9. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD Div., 16TH ARMY CORPS, in the Field, April 14, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor td submit the following report of the part taken by my command in the recent operations against Spanish Fort: On the morning of the 27th instant [ultimo] left camp near Sibleys Mills and moved with the division in the direction of Spanish Fort. At about 10 a. in., in accordance with orders, I formed my brigade in line of battle ou the left of the First Brigade, left of division, and immediately sent out skirmishers, shortly after which moved forward one regiment in support of the Fourteenth Indiana Battery. In the meantime my skirmishers advanced, driving those of the enemy inside their works, both in my front and in a portion of that afterward occu- pied by General ~ troops. Toward evening I advanced the Fortieth Missouri and five companies of the Forty-ninth Missouri to a positiou afterward known as the main line, leaving the Fourteenth Wisconsin and the remaining companies of the Forty-ninth Missouri iu reserve. During the night works were constructed in the main line, and rifle-pits were made on the line then held by the skirmishers. From this line of rifle-pits I continued to advance by sapping and the construction of other rifle-pits until the night of the capture of the fort. In this connection I would make special mention of Capt. M. S. Lake, Company G, Fourteenth Wisconsin Infantry, officer in charge of advance works, for meritorious conduct and untiring energy iu push- ing forward his works in the most exposed position. I would farther state that the greater part of the labor iu the construction of the fort on the main line occupied by the Parrott battery, Naval fort, and also the Bay fort, was performed by details from my command. In conclu- sion I take pleasure iu stating that the conduct of both officers and men in my command in performance of their arduous duties was highly commendable. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, L. M. WAIRD, Colonel Fourteenth Wisconsin infantry, Comdg. Second Brig., Third Division, 16th Army Corps. Capt. B. WILSON, Assistant Adjutant- General, Third Division Page 275 TIlE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 275 No. 76. Bevort of Got. James L. Geddes, Eighth Iowa Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations April 89. HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., THIRD Thy., 16TH ARMY CORPS, spanish Port, Ala., April 9, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report that, in accordance with verbal instructions received from Brigadier-General Carr, about 6 oclock on the evening of the 8th instant I ordered the Eighth Iowa Infantry, Lieut. Col. W. B. Bell commanding, to occupy my right gabion approach, and at the same time to deploy about two companies as skirmishers, with directions tp feel the enemys left flank. Previous to this movement I ordered the One hundred and eighth Illinois, Colonel Turner com- manding, and the One hundred and twenty-fourth Illinois Brevet Col- onel Howe commanding, to man the rifle-pits on their frOnt and open a continuous fire on the enemy, obliquing the fire to their left as the skir- mishers of the Eighth Iowa advanced along the left of the rebel works. These instructions were carried out admirably. I also placed the Eighty-first Illinois, Lieutenant-Colonel Rogers commanding, in sup- porting distance of the Eighth Iowa. Perceiving that my skirmishers were advancing rapidly along the enemys works from the left to their right, and that the enemys fire was mostly directed to his front a ar- ently unconscious of the danger threatening his flank, I immediately ordered the remaining portion of the Eighth Iowa to advance in sup. port of the skirmishers. This order was promptly and nobly executed; the men, leaping over the gabion approach, rushed through intervening obstructions and were on the enemys works in a moment. About this time over 200 prisoners were captured and hurried to the rear. Being convinced that the enemy was taken by surprise, I ordered the Eighty- first Illinois Lieutenant-Colonel Rogers, up to support the Eighth Iowa, and finally the One hundred and eighth and One hundred and twenty- fourth Illinois, thus lodging my entire brigade on the rebel works. As the enemy appeared to be firing along their line of works not yet taken, and the heavy fire from our own left precluded my advance for the time being, with the concurrence of the commanding general I commenced intrenching, running the line of defense from the enemys work and at right angles with it, thus enfilading his entire northern defenses. After remaining in this position for some time and placing two guns captured from the enemy in position, I advanced a line of skirmishers, from whom I received the information that the enemy were evacuating their position and retreating in disgraceful haste to their landing on the bay. I imme- diately ordered an advance, and sweeping with my command their northern front for about half a mile captured a number of cannon and a large amount of small-arms, ammunition, & c. I was ordered by the commanding general to proceed to the landing~ On reaching that place we found that the remaining force of the enemy had retreated across the bay, having abandoned all their guns. After ascertaining this, about 3 a. m. 9th instant I returned with my command to quarters. I cannot conclude this report without mentioning the heroic conduct of Lient. Henry Vineyard, of the Eighth Iowa Infantry, while leading the skirmish line on the rebel works and who nobly and conspicuously stood on the rebel work encouraging his men as they advanced, until he was severely, if not mortally, wounded. Lieut. Col. W. B. Bell, Eighth Iowa Infantry, was throughout the advance cool, deliberate, and prompt, and deserves much credit for the manner in which he handle Page 276 276 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. his regiment during the assault. Success was insured undoubtedly by the coolness and prompt compliance with all my orders on the part of the regimental commanders mentioned above. Most of the movements having taken place on ground covered with almost impenetrable obstructions, rendered it a very trying situation for my staff officers, who were obliged to carry orders on foot from point to point, but the officers of my staff, Major Cowens, Captain Henry, and Lieutenant Hall, rendered very efficient service. I am also under many obligations to Capt. B. Wilson, assistaut adjutant-general, for his efficient aid during the whole movement. I would also state that Captain Craigs mortar battery rendered almost incalculable service in covering my advance. I claim for my brigade the honor of having driven the enemy from nearly half a mile of his left line of works, captaring over 650 prisoners, the Eighth Iowa alone capturing 450 of that number, 4 rebel battle-flags, a large number of cannon, small-arms, am munition, & c., compelling him to evacuate his entire position and abandon 46 pieces of artillery of various calibers. Hereto appended is a list of casualties sustained by the brigade during the siege, including the losses sustained during the assault.* I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES L. GEDDES, Colonel Eighth Iowa Veteran Volunteer Infantry, Comdg. Brigade. Capt. B. WILSON, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Division, sixteenth Army Corps. No. 77. Report of Bvt. Col. John H. Howe, One hundred and twenty-fourth Illinois Infantry, of operations April 89. HDQRS. 124TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, $panish Fort, Ala., April 9, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with request received from your headquar- ters this morning, I send you the following report: Soon after 5 p. m. yesterday our regiment went into the front rifle- pits. We remained there about an hour with but little musketry firing, but about 6.30 commenced a sharp firing, according to orders received. A report soon came along the line that the right of our brigade had effected a lodgment in the enemys rifle-pits and taken twenty-seven prisoners, and soon after we were ordered down to the right and to cross over, which we did, entering the enemys works on the hill about 8 oclock. Soon after Company B and about half of Company G were sent and deployed as skirmishers down in the flat, where they remained till the final forward movement. ~About 9 oclock the remainder of our left wing was ordered to the front of our brigade with tools to enlarge and lengthen a rebel trench. Three companies and a half, as soon as the tools could be secured, reported to CQlonel Geddes for orders~ and commenced work about 9.30 oclock. The right wing of the regiment was brought up about 10.30 and sent out in front and on the right flank of the working party. Between 11 and 12 two companies (A and F) of the right wing were sent forward as skirmishers. The working party con- tinued till 12 oclock, when a general forward movement of the brigade was ordered. The skirmishers had moved forward to a fort of four rebel * Embodied in table, p. 114 Page 277 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 277 guns and left a guard with them. The forward movement was even joined in by the First3 Brigade of our division, and afterward by other brigades which had come in across the hollow. Amid cheers upon cheers, with colors flying, the whole force moved down to the large fort on the south, and after a brief rest returned to camp about 2.30 oclock this morning. No casualties have occurred in our regiment from the enemy. Two men were wounded, both in the left hand, from the discharge of one of our own guns. We claim as trophies the capture of 4 cannon, 1 battle-flag, and 15 prisoners. Very respectfully, yours; & c., J. H. HOWE, Brevet Colonel, Commanding 124th Illinois Infantry. Capt. WILBUR F. HENRY, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., Third Div., 16th Army 6lorps. No. 78. Report of Lieut. Col. William B. Bell, Eighth Iowa Infantry, of oper ations April 8. HDQRS. EIGHTH IOWA VETERAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, In Front of AS~anish Fort, Ala., April 9, 1865. CAPTAIN: In compliance with instructions I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by the Eighth Iowa Veteran Vol- unteer Infantry in the action of Spanish Fort, April 8, 1865: About 5 p. m. on said day, in compliance with the directions of Col. J. L. Geddes, commanding brigade, I proceeded with my regiment from fts position in line to the extreme right of our line, with orders to deploy two companies and advance them well up the ridge or slope on the enemys extreme left and effect a lodgment on the crest of the hill, if practicable, and hold the position if possible; to hold the remainder of my regiment in rear and under cover of the line of works partially completed across the swamp on our extreme right to the bay, but not to expose the regiment, and to commence the deploymenV and advance of these skirmishers at 6.10 Qclock. I formed my command in obedi- ence to the above instructions, and at precisely 6.10 oclock I ordered Company A, Capt. Henry Muhs commanding, and Company G, Lient. Henry Vineyard commanding, to move around the right of the works in the swamp above referred to, and deploy forward on the center, which order was promptly and gallantly executed by Captain lVluhs, who commanded the line of skirmishers. The line advanced through an almost impassable swamp, thickly strewn with fallen trees and brush, and in which the water and mud were very deep, and this under a heavy fire from the enemy. The lift of the line gained the crest of the hill, attacking the enemy on his flank; the right moved forward by a left turn, attacking the enemy in his rear. In the meantime I ordered Lieutenant Ball, commanding Company H, to advance his com- pany around the right of the works and move forward in support 01 Companies A and (1, then hotly engaging the enemy. I had now exe- cuted all the orders that I had received from Colonel Geddes, except holding the position if possible. I soon became convinced that the best way to secure that end was to push forward my entire force, for the reason that the fire from our forces in the rifle-pits would protect the left flank, and a swamp the right flank of my regiment, leaving u Page 278 278 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. only our front to contend with. I, however, dispatched Lieutenant Clark, of Company E, to report the above facts to Colonel Geddes, and requested orders, which I awaited for some time. The regiment was impatient to go to the assistance of their comrades, who were fighting in full view and but a short distance off, and, believing that to wait longer for orders was dangerous, I ordered the regiment forward over our works. The movement was executed with as much regularity as could be expected considering the nature of the ground. As soon as the regiment gained the crest of the hill where our skirmishers were the fight commenced in full force, but of such a character that it is difficult to describe. The regiment moved by the right flank in rear of the enemys rifle-pits, arid carried them for a distance of 500 yards, either killing, wounding, or capturing the entire force of the enemy occupying the same. One thing that was very much in our favor was that the enemys works from their extreme left for a considerable dis- tance up consisted of a series of small pits without direct connection with each other. This enabled us to attack them in detail, and we had carried a considerable portion of their works before their main force was aware that we had turned their left. We here witnessed the spec- tacle of dying in the last ditch, as quite a number of the rebels refused to surrender and were shot in their ditches, and on the other hand quite a number of them who were taken prisoners ought, in justice to our men, to have been killed, as they would first fire at our men after being ordered to surrender, then throw up both hands and surrender. At the time we had carried some 500 yards of the enemys works, and were yet advancing in them by the right flank, Colonel Geddes came up and directed me to place my command outside the enemy~s works and facing toward them, using them for breast-works, and to throw out a company as skirmishers to my right and front, which orders were promptly complied with. After making some further disposition Col- onel Geddes placed Colonel Turner, of the One hundred and eighth Illinois (whose regiment had by this time come up to our support), temporarily in command. Soon after this Captain Kettenring, of my command, reported the enemy advancing in heavy column. They advanced until within thirty or forty yards of us, calling out we sur- render, and then fired on us. When they got within twenty-five yards of us I ordered my command to fire and fix bayonets, which was done with a will. The enemy broke and ran, but soon after rallied and returned, and when within fifty yards of us halted. I ordered two companies to give them a volley, which caused them to break, and we saw them no more. Soon after this Colonel Geddes returned, formed his brigade, and ~marched it through the fort and to the bay beyond, after which by his direction I moved my command to camp. I claim for my regiment the honor of making the attack, and of being the only regiment that engaged the enemy inside of his works; also of capturing 3 stand of colors, 5 pieces of artillery, and 450 prisoners, 7 of them commissioned officers. I have receipts for 350; the remainder were turned over to the troops most convenient to our rear. My regi- ment might have had a greater number of flags had they been less anxious to engage the enemy. Where all do their duty it is a diffidult and delicate matter to make any discrimination. The several companies of the regiment were commanded by the following officers: Company A, Captain Muhs; Company B, Captain Kettenring; Company B, Lieutenant Clark; Company F, Lieutenant Harper; Company G-, Lieu- tenant Vineyard; Company H, Lieutenant Ball; Company I, Sergeant Taylor; Company K, Captain Weeks. I would respectfully present t Page 279 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 279 the favorable notice of the colonel commanding brigade the following- named officers: Capt. Henry Mulis, who was conspicuous for his cool- ness while in command of the skirmish line; Lient. Henry Vineyard, commanding Company U iii skirmish line, who was wounded in the arm early in the engagement, but continued in command of his company until he received a wound which broke his leg and will probably prove fatal; Captain Weeks, who was conspicuous for his bravery through- out the engagement; Captain Kettenring, who was severely wounded while bravely leading his company; Lieutenant Gardner, who took command of his company after Captain Kettenring was wounded and led it through the engagement with ability; and Sergeant Betz, Com- pany U, who took commaud of his company after Lieutenant Vineyard was wounded and handled it well. I am under obligations to Adjutant Marsden for valuable assistance rendered me in communicating instruc- tions to the command. In addition to the names above mentioLed, many enlisted men deserve honorable mention, but they are so numer- ous that it would make this report too voluminous. A full list of the casualties has already been forwarded from these headquarters.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WILLIAM B. BELL, Lient. Col. Eighth Iowa Veteran Vol. Infty., Comdg. Regiment. Capt. W. F. HENRY, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Brig., Third Div., 16th Army Corps. Ko. 79. - J?eports of ]Jfaj. Gen. Frederick Steele, U~ S. Army, commanding U. S. Forces operating from Pensacola Bay, Fla., of operations March 11April 9. HDQRS. U. S. FORCES OPERATING FROM PENSACOLA BAY, Camp near Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that in pursuance of Special Orders, No. 57, Military Division of West Mississippi, I arrived at Bar- rancas and commenced organizing the forces to operate from Pensacola Bay on the 1st iiltimo. On the 11th Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews, with two brigades of his division, was sent to Pensacola to repair the central wharf:, which, as well as the other wharves at that place, had been nearly destroyed by the rebels. This work was accomplished in a most satisfactory manner, and a railroad track laid along the wharf and up to the store-houses in town, to which our supplies were afterward taken. On the 19th a gen- eral forward movement commenced. Colonel Spurling, Second Maine Cavalry, was ordered by water to Creiglers Mills with the effective force of his regiment and that of the Second Illinois and First Florida Cavalry, aggregate 847. The rest of the command concentrated at Pensacola, as follows: Brig. Gen. C. C. Andrews, infantry and artillery, effective, 5,201; Brig. Gen. J. P. Hawkins, infantry, effective, 5,037; Brig. Gen. T. J. Lucas, cavalry, effective, 1,766. Total, 12,004. Colonel Spurling, having sent in advance a party to Milton to drive away the rebel outpost there and cover his landing, succeeded in getting his command ready to move from Creiglers Mills early on the morning of the 21st, and proceeded to carry out the instructions already reported. * Nominal list (here omitted) shows 6 men killed and 3 officers and 41 men wounded Page 280 280 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. On the 20th the column at Pensacola moved on the road toward Pol- lard. The head of the column reached a point eleven miles and the rear only four miles from Pensacola that day, a heavy rain having set in which rendered the roads almost impassable. Henceforward in order to get our artillery and trains along it became necessary to corduroy the roads. The streams were higher than they had been for many years. On reaching Pine Barren Creek on the 23d we found the bridge gone, and spent all the next day in replacing it with one 300 yards long, and built on piles which the men sunk by hand, diving under the water to start them. Up to this time a few of the enemys pickets had been encountered and dispersed. On the 25th Lucas cavalry brigade, in advance, drove the enemy from a line of log defenses stretching across a narrow ridge over which the road passed. This work com- manded the road and crossing over Cotton Creek. General Lncas was directed to push on until he should get possession of the bridge over the Big Escambia, and to pursue the enemy so closely that he could not destroy the bridge. At Mitchells Creek the enemy partially destroyed the bridge and made a stand on the opposite bank, but was soon driven from his position. At Bluff Springs the enemy, under command of Brig. Gen. J. II. Clanton, drew up in order of battle, skir- mish line dismounted. General Lucas immediately charged, completely routing the enemy, killing and wounding some, and capturing 119 pris- oners. Among the latter were 18 commissioned officers, including the general commanding, who was severely wounded. Of those who escaped capture, some sought refuge in the swamps and the rest were so hotly pursued to Big Escambia bridge that some of them, not know. ing that a span had been swept away by the flood, jumped into the river and were drowned with their horses. Major Perry, of General Lucas staff and a few of the men in hot pursuit of the rebels, also jumped off the broken pier, but escaped with the loss of their horses and equipments. The enemy had a field-work on the opposite side of the river mounting two or three pieces of artiilery, which opened upon Lucas, but were soon silenced by Marlands battery and gotten off before men enough to capture them could get across the river. The work was occupied by the cavalry until General Andrews came up with one of his brigades. Detachments of cavalry had been kept out to drive in the enemys pickets and outposts on our flanks to cover our movements and bewilder the enemy. General Lucas in the manage- ment of his command exhibited such skill and boldness as to take the enemy by surprise. The charge at Bluff springs was headed by the First Louisiana Cavalry, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Badger. Both officers and men behaved in the most gallant style. Our loss in this affair was only 1 officer killed and 1 wounded,and 1 man killed and 3 wounded. The enemys loss in killed and wounded was much greater than ours, but the number is not definitely known. The battle- flag of the Sixth Alabama Cavalry was captured by Private Thomas Riley,* Company D, First Louisiana Cavalry. General Andrews was sent early on the morning of the 26th to Pollard to take possession of Government property, collect supplies, and if possible to communicate with Colonel Spurling. Cavalry detach- ments were also sent out for similar purposes. Most of the corn and subsistence stores collected in the depot at Pollard for the rebel troops had been carried off by the local troops and citizens on learning that Clanton was defeated. Our subsistence stores and forage were now getting short, we having failed to get a supply up the Escambia by Awarded a Medal of Honor Page 281 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 281 steamer. A bar was formed at the mouth of the river during the late freshet which interrupted navigation. The country through which we were passing was almost destitute of supplies. Spurling arrived at Pollard with his command on the evening of the 26th, having fully accomplished the object of his expedition. He cut the telegraph line and railroad track between Evergreen and Greenville before day on the 24th, and captured toth the up and down trains 2 locomotives, and 14 cars loaded with Government stores, which he destroyed. One hundred officers and men were taken on the train going to Mobile. Having done sufficient damage to the road to prevent its being used by the rebels he proceeded toward Pollard. At Sparta 6 more cars were destroyed and the depot with a large amount of stores burned. Before reaching Pollard he captured 20 more prisoners in skirmishes, and brought in 200 negroes and 250 horses and mules, without the loss of a man. General Clanton signed a parole for himself and the wounded men who were pronounced by the surgeons unable to travel. For the same reason Colonel Spurling paroled Lieutenant Watts, son of the Governor of Alabama, of General Clantons staff. On the 27th head of the column reached Canoe Station in heavy rain; roads very bad. This had been headquarters of General Armisteads brigade, composed of the Sixth and Eighth Alabama Cavalry. Armistead in his flight from Bluff Springs passed here with a few of his men, and has not been heard of since by anybody in this region. Considerable corn was found at the depot, but the citizens from the surrounding country had made the best use of the time allowed them in carrying off the rebel supplies. Some ox teams sent there for this purpose were used as beef for our troops. The roads continued to grow worse and supplies more scarce to Weatherford, which was reached by part of the command on the 29th. Two hundred picked cavalrymen, under Major Perry, were sent to Montgomery Landing to obtain information, capture a steamboat if possible, and bring back corn and cattle. This detachment rejoined the column on the 30th at the junction of the roads ten miles from Stockton, bringing beef enongh for distribution. We had succeeded in communicating with the major-general commanding, and here received orders to proceed to Holyoke, but want of forage and rations compelled us to turn toward Stockton, which we reached on the afternoon of the 31st, and found in the vicinity corn and beef enough to supply the command for several days and a good gristmill. On the 1st Colonel Spurlings command was sent ahead of the column to ascertain the best route to Holyoke to communicate with headquar- ters in regard to our movements, & c. About four miles and a half from Blakely and one mile from where the road forks toward Holyoke he found the road barricaded, and a strong picket or outpost, composed of cavalry and infantry, which he charged, capturing the battle-flag of the Forty. sixth Mississippi Infantry and 74 prisoners, including 3 com- missioned officers. Just as Lucas cavalry and Hawkins division were about to encamp at Carpenters Station, information was received that Spurling was fighting in advance, and they moved rapidly to his sup. port. The enemy was driven into his works at Blakely by the cavalry, withdrawing his outposts at Sibleys Mills, where there were several pieces of artillery in position. During Spurlings charge a horse was blown to pieces and the rider badly wounded by the explosion of a tor- pedo. The prisoners were made to dig up those remaining in this road. Major McEntee returned with communication from General Canby, directing me to make Holyoke that night if practicable. Hawkins division had marched eighteen or nineteen miles, and Andrews wa Page 282 282 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. unable, being in rear, to. get beyond Carpenters Station before sunset. He was ordered to encamp here and tear up a portion of the railroad track. A regiment of Hawkins division was sent to relieve the cav- alry in possession of the bridge at Sibleys Mills. It was my intention to move toward ilolyoke as soon as Andrews should get up in the morn- ing, but the enemy made an attack upon our picket-lines with a strong line of skirmishers well supported. Hawkins was directed to repel this attack, which he did, advancing in line of battle, one brigade in reserve and his front covered by a line of skirmishers, until the enemy was pushed back to his works. General Andrews two brigades now came up. As I had been informed by the general commanding that Blakely was soon to be invested, I thought it best to hold the ground we had gained, as it would deprive the enemy of his works command- ing the bridge across Bayou Minette at Sibleys Mills, and would ren- der it impossible for him to plant subterra shells on the approaches which we could hold. I directed Andrews to take position on the left of Hawkins, and reported to headquarters for further orders. The infantry of my command had now completed a march of about 100 miles from Barrancas, 70 of which the road passed over swamps and quicksands, 50 of which they corduroyed and bridged. Although they could not move with celerity enough to engage the enemy, they gave moral force to the expedition, which probably would not have been suc- cessful without this part of the command. I desire to -call the atten- tion of the general commanding especially to the following-named officers: Brig. Gen. T. J. Lucas, U. S. Volunteers; Lient. Col. A. B. Spur- hug, Second Maine Cavalry; Lieut. Col. A. S. Badger, First Louisiana Cavalry; First Lieut. Alfred Shaffer, First Louisiana Cavalry; Capt. Joseph L. Coppoc, Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, for valuable services in building bridges. Attention is respectfully invited to the inclosed copies of the reports of subordinate commanders. Very respectfully, colonel, your obedient servant, F. STEELE, Major- General, Commanding. Lient. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN Asst. Adjt. Gen., Military Division of West Mississippi. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES EAST OF MOBILE BAY, Blakely, Ala., April 17, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to continue my report of operations from the time that the forces under my command commenced to invest Blakely: The place was inclosed by a line of works about two miles in extent, com~posed of redoubts constructed of earth and timber, with ditches in front, which redoubts were connected by continuous rifle-pits, with salients and stockade work, making a continuous line from the enemys left, on Tensas River, to his right, which rested on an impassable swamp and thicket. The two principal avenues of approach were known as the Stockton and the Pensacola roads. The former entered the works to the left of tLc~ center, and the latter to the right of the center. The redoubts commanded the ground in their front, and had an enfilading fire on portions of the roads and a cross-fire on almost every point of them within the range of their guns. Three marshy ravines, entering the works at different points, were obstructed by fallen timber and traversed by stockades which connected with th Page 283 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 283 rifle-pits on either side. The forts were mounted with both light and heavy guns, and Coehorn mortars were distributed along the faces. There were two continuous lines of abatis around the works, and at some poiuts three. Outside of these were rifle-pits for sharpshooters. Our engineers pronounced these works strong. The timber was slashed in front of the works for about 1,000 yards, and the character of the ground such as to require the construction of approaches. In reply to my application for orders Major-General Osterhaus, chief of staff of the general commanding, visited me in person and directed me to hold my position, and informed me that re-enforcements would be ordered up to complete the investment. Brigadier-General Comstock, chief engineer of the lieutenant-general, having reconnoitered the enemys works the same evening, gave me the benefit of his advice. Hawkins division, on our right, occupied from the Tensas River to near the Stockton road, and Andrews division extended from Hawkins left to near the Pensacola road. Before day next morning (3d instant) Briga- dier-General Yeatch, of the Thirteenth Corps, reported with his divis- ion and was placed in position on Andrews left. On the same evening Brigadier-General Garrard, commanding Second Division, Sixteenth Corps, reported and went into position on the left of Veatch to com- plete the investment. The enemys gun-boats, Huntsville, Nashville, and Morgan, took position in Tensas River opposite Hawkins right, and, with occasional intervals, kept up a constant fire night and day, which was very harassing and destructive, especially to Hawkins division, which, together with the determined fire kept up from the redoubts and advanced ride-pits, rendered it very difficult for us to continue, our approaches. The enemy was enabled to continue his artillery fire for several days and nights with impunity, as we had no heavy ordnance to reply. Our troops, however, continued making their approaches and skirmishing with the enemy night and day. Sites for batteries were selected by Captains Baruham and Newton, engi- neers, and on the evening of the 8th instant an excellent work con structed with gabions by the colored troops on the right of our line was ready for the reception of four 30-pounder Parrotts. These guns were put in position by Captain Wimmer, First Indiana Heavy Artillery, and manned by his company. They soon drove the gun-boats away, seriously damaging the Morgan, and were then turned upon the redonbts and the steam-boat landing, at Blakely. Light guns had been put in position along the line, which were doing good execution. Macks six-gun battery of 20-pounders came into position on the Pen- sacola road on the 9th instant, and did good service, dismounting one of the enemys heavy guns. Another battery of heavy guns was established on our extreme left. Spanish Fort surrendered on the night of the 8th instant, and, having consulted with the major-general commanding, next day orders were given to advance our skirmish line, well supported, to feel of the enemy and if possible to carry his works. At 5.30 p. m. the 9th instant was the time fixed for this movement to commence. Soon after the appointed time our skirmishers advanced in gallant style, followed by their supports, and all passing over the obstructions of slashed timber, abatis, and telegraph wire under a heavy fire of musketry and artillery, and in spite of exploding torpe- does, carried the enemys works by assault in about twenty minutes. Each division carried everything in its front, and all are alike deserv- ing for the unflinching bravery which they manifested on this occasion and for the magnificent results. About 3,200 prisoners, 40 pieces of artillery, a large amount of ordnance and subsistence stores, & c., fel Page 284 284 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. into our hands. Generals Liddell, Cockrell, and Thomas were among the prisoners captured. I forward herewith reports of subordinate commanders, which give an account of the operations in detail. There are so many instances of personal gallantry and merit among the offi- cers of the command that it is difficult to particularize. I wish, how- ever,, to call the attention of the general commanding especially to the division commanders, Brig. Gens. J. P. Hawkins, C. C. Andrews, J. C. Veatch, and K. Garrard; also brigade commanders, Brig. Gens. Den- nis, W. A. Pile, C. L. Harris (Eleventh Wisconsin), F. W. Moore, C. W. Drew, and W. T. Spicely. To my own staff, not mentioned in another report, I am indebted for the most efficient and valuable serv- ices, viz, Lieut. Col. L. II. Whittlesey, assistant inspector-general; Bvt. Maj. C. S. McEntee, assistant quartermaster; Surg. P. A. Willis, medical director; Capt. J. F. Lacey, assistant adjutant-general; Capt. L. Ehoades commissary of subsistence; Capt. A. H. Burnham, engi- neer (temporarily assigned); Capt. E. II. Newton, engineer; -First Lieut. J. Lyman, aide-de-camp; Second Lieut. H. A. Kent, aide-de-camp. The officers of the signal corps attached to my headquarters deserve special mention for their zeal and industry; they were always at their post, night and day, and did valuable service outside of their appropriate duties, viz: First Lieut. W. F. Warren, Signal Corps, U. S. Army; First Lieut. H. P. Strong, Signal Corps, U. S. Army; First Lieut. J. C. Kinney, acting, Signal Corps, U. S. Army; Second Lient. E. P. Adams, Signal Corps, U. S. Army. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, F. STEELE, Major- General, Commanding. Lieut. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Military Division of West Mississippi. No. 80. Report of Surg. Plyn A. Willis, Forty-eighth Ohio Infantry, Chief Medical Officer. HDQRS. U. S. FORCES OPERATING FROM PENSACOLA BAY, OFFICE CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER, Blakely, Ala., April 15, 1865.. COLONEL: Agreeable to orders from your office I forward the follow- ing report of this command in the recent campaign Crom Pensacola, including the march from that point to Blakely and the operations for the reduction of the latter place: The command, consisting of Brig. Gen. C. C. Nndrews division of the Thirteenth Army Corps, Brig. Gen. J. P. Hawkins division of U. S. Colored Troops, and Brigadier-General Lucas brigade of cavalry, num- bering in all about 12,000 men, moved from Pensacola, Fla., on the 20th of March, 1865. The command was in an excellent sanitary condition, having left all the sick and disabled in the general hospital at Barrancas, and having been well fed and clothed in anticipation of the campaign. The morale of the command was also of the first order, each regiment trying to stand at the head of the list for efficiency and good discipline. The command was supplied with the full amount of medical stores, hos- pital tents, and ambulances allowed by the existing orders, and all in good condition except the ambulance train of General Hawkins divi Page 285 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 285 ion, which was hardly serviceable. On the first days march from Pen- sacola it began to rain and continued almost without intermission for forty~eight hours, rendering the condition of the roads almost impassa- ble. The condition of the men during this long rain-storm was miser- able in the extreme, being unable to dry their clothing during the time, and owing to the flat condition of the ground unable to find a dry place to sleep or rest. But little sickness resulted from this exposure and the spirit of the troops was not depressed in the least. From this point the roads had to be covered with corduroy bridge for many miles, and while half the command were engaged in laying it the other half were assisting the artillery and wagon trains. On the 25th we reached the vicinity of Bluff Springs, where we found Brigadier-General Clanton, with a small force, prepared to oppose our farther progress. Brigadier- General Lucas, commanding cavalry forces, ordered the First Loui- siana Cavalry to charge, which it did in fine style, killing several and capturing General Clanton with 140 men. General Clanton was wounded through the body and left with the other wounded of his com- mand in a small house near the battle-field. Doctor Grigsby, surgeon, C. S. Army, was left with a sufficient number of attendants to care for the wounded. Our casualties were slight, only two being killed and a few slightly wounded, who were taken with the command in ambu- lances. On the 26th the whole command was put on one-fourth rations and large details were employed each day in laying corduroy bridges, while others were assisting in extricating artillery and wagons from the mud. In many places the trains had to be moved entirely by the men, it being utterly impossible for the animals to get through. We reached Stockton on the 30th, where we found large quantities of corn and a grist-mill, and the command halted twenty-four hours, in order that a supply of meal might be obtained. On the 1st of April we arrived in the vicinity of Blakely, having marched a distance of 120 miles over the worst of roads, many estimating that thirty miles of corduroy bridge were made. For several days the troops were on one-fourth rations, were working every day as well as marching for days without dry clothing, and yet there was scarcely any sickness, nearly every man being able to take his place in the ranks when the advance was made. Field hospitals were established in the rear of the center of each division, the corps of operation reported promptly, and everything made ready to care for the wounded. The hospitals had to be moved several times on account of the shells from the rebel gun-boats reaching so far to the rear, but finally secure posi- tions were secured, that for General Andrews division near Mr. 0. Sibleys house, and that for General llawkins division near the house ofiMr. Wilson, on the Stockton road. The ambulances were stationed in localities secure and easy of access from the several regiments, and the wounded promptly removed from the field to the ambulance stations on hand litters. General llawkins division suffered severely on the 1st, 2d, and 3d from shells thrown from the rebel gun-boats, but after they were driven off the daily list of casualties was small until the evening of April 9, when the works were carried by assault and hundreds of wounded were hurried to the hospitals. Fimding the hos- pital accommodations in General Andrews division were inadequate, I had the wounded removed to the house of Mr. 0. Sibley, where there was plenty of shelter and excellent water in abundance. By 10 p. m. all the wounded had been removed from the field and before morning every man had received attention. The wounded were not exposed t Page 286 286 - KY., s. w. VA., TENTh, N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. wet or rain at any time and the changes of atmosphere proved no det. riment to them. The supplies of food, water,, stimulants, and medical supplies were abundant, and no case of suffering came nuder my notice from neglect or scarcity of supplies. The wounded were removed in ambulances to the steam-ship Saint Marys, at the landing below Spanish Fort, and shipped from that point to the U. S. general hospitals at New Orleans. Most of the wounded from General Andrews division were shipped on the 12th, and the remainder, with those from General Hawkins, on the 13th of April, and a sufficient number of medical offi- cers and attendants were sent to care for the wounded. The several medical officers belonging to the command have done their duty nobly and well; laboring under the many difficulties of an active campaign they did all within their power to ameliorate the condition of the wounded. I have the honor to be, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. A. WILLIS, Surgeon 48th Ohio, Chief Medical Officer, General Steeles Army. Col. E. II. ABADIE, Surg., U. S. Army, Chf. Med. Officer, Army and Div. of West Miss. No. 81. Reports of Brig. Gen. John P. Hawkins, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, U. S. Colored Troops, of operations March 20April 9. HEADQUARTERS FIRST DIvISION, U. S. COLORED TROOPS, Near Blakely, Ala., April 8, 1865. CAPTAIN: 1 have the honor to make the following report of oper- ations in my front during the past twenty-four hours: In front of Drews brigade (the right) the skirmishers are about 600 yards from the fort. A battery for Napoleon guns is being constructed about 300 yards in rear of the skirmish line on the right. The battery for four 30-pounder Parrott guns on the right is finished and is about 1,200 yards from the fort. Scofields brigade (center)The advance line of works is between 700 and 800 yards from the fort. ,In rear of the line a battery for two guns is ready for the pieces. Piles brigade (left)The average dis- tance to the fort from the advance line is between 500 and 600 yards. General Pile reports that on his right center there is a very fine posi. tion for a battery, which can be made to bear upon all the enemys guns in his front. As far as known, there are on his front nine guns one 32-pounder, two 24-pounders, one 18-pounder, and one 12-pounder, the caliber of the other four unknown. No advance has been made during the last twenty-four hours. The men being engaged in con- structing batteries and strengthening the parallels and approaches already made, a greater number of picks is required. The ground is hard, and the shovel is a poor instrument without a greater number of picks to assist it. Very ~espectfnlly, your obedient servant, JOHN P. HAWKINS, Brigadier. General, Commanding. Capt. J. F. LACEY, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 287 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 287 HEADQUARTERS FIRST PIYISION, U. S. COLORED TROOPS, Blalcely, Ala., April 16, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my command, commencing with our march from Pensa- cola and ending with the capture of this place on the 9th instant: The division left Pensacola on the 20th of March, and going north- ward to within four miles of Pollard reached the vicinity of this place on the evening of the 1st instant. The march was a severe one on the men, being attended with constant labor, making corduroy roads to get the wagons through the almost impassable swamps. Ou the morn- ing of the 2d the cavalry pickets between my command and the Blakely fortifications were attacked by a strong party of rebel skirmishers. The troops were under arms at once, and preceded by skirmishers the division marched in line of battle toward the enemys position, Scofields brigade in reserve. Very soon our skirmishers reached the place where the fighting was going on, and pressing forward kept the enemy on the run till they were driven behind the abatis or rifle-pits, when according to orders we ceased pressing theini and commenced the constrnction of rifiepits. From the 2d to the 9th instant the troops were busy night and day making approaches toward the place, all this time under a heavy fire from the fort and from the gun-boats of the enemy. From the latter the fire was particularly annoying and destructive. On the evening of the 8th a battery was completed for four 30-pounder Par. rotts and the guns put in position. After a few fires from these guns the boats were driven away, one of them being apparently seriously disabled. Captain Wimmer, First Indiana Heavy Artillery, had charge of this battery. On the afternoon of the 9th instant orders were sent to the brigade commanders to strengthen and advance their skirmish lines at 5.30 and drive the enemy as far as possible. Before this order reached them their lines had been put in motion at 5 oclock, and skir- mishing continued until 5.30, when, taking up the yell and forward movement commenced by the other divisions on the left, the whole front re-enforced with other troops from the rear, went at the works of the enemy and were soon piling over the parapet, and the rebels con- fronting us threw down their arms. The prisoners captured amounted to 21 officers and 200 mena small number, owing to the fact that when we entered many of the enemy, fearing the conduct of my troops, ran over to where the white troops were entering. Of cannon captured there were nine pieces of different kinds. I learn from the letter book of the rebel commander that he had ordered his best troops to oppose my division. To my brigade commandersBrigadier-General Pile, Colonel Drew, and Colonel Scofieldmy thanks are due for the zealous energy displayed by them in making their approaehes and the good judgment with which their troops were handled. Captain Newton, engineer of General Steeles staff; merits my especial thanks for his assistance to me, being without an engineer officer for my division. My own staff also have performed all their duties with industry and promptness. The reports of brigade commanders and a list of casual- ties* are herewith inclosed. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN P. HAWKINS, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Capt. J. F. LACEY, Assistant Adjutant- General, General Steeles Headquarters. * Embodied in table, p. 114 Page 288 288 KY., s. w. YA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ADDENDA. BIvoUAC FORTY-SEVENTH REGT. U. S. COLORED INFTY., Captured Works, Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. Lieut. A. B. MILLS, Adjutant Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry: LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to submit the following report of ordnance, ordnance stores, and quartermasters stores, captured by First Division, U. S. Colored Troops, which I have collected and now have in charge, subject to your orders: One siege piece (32-pounder), 3 brass pieces (two 6-pounders and one 12-pounder, rifled), 1 Sawyer gun (4k-inch rifled), 2 howitzers (24-pound- ers), 2 Coehorn mortars (24-pounders), 304 small-arms (Enfleld, Austin, and Mississippi rifles), 250 infantry accouterments (unserviceable), 30 boxes fixed ammunition (for 6 and 12 pounders), 2 boxes fixed ammuni- tion (for 24-pounder howitzer), 2 boxes spherical case (for 24-pounder), 3 boxes grape, 3 kegs powder, 4 limber chests (100 rounds shot and shell, with primers and fuse), 20 shovels, 18 axes, 3 picks, 3 barrows, 4 wall tents, 2 spades, 2 stretchers. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ROBT. M. CAMPBELL, Capt., 47th Regt. U. S. Colored lufty., In Charge Captured Property. No. 82. Report of Brig. Gen. William A. Pile, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade, of operations April 19. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST DIv., U. S. COLORED TROOPS, Blakely, Ala., AprIl 13~ 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my command in the investment and capture of Blakely, Ala.: The command arrived in the vicinity of Blakely on the evening of April 1. During the succeeding night, in obedience to orders from Major-General Steele, one of my regiments was sent to guard the bridge on the ilolyoke road. On the morning of April 2 I was ordered to form my command in line of battle and advance, connecting my right with the left of the Third Brigade and conforming my movements to the movement of that brigade. This was immediately done, and we soon met the enemys skirmish line in front of their works, steadily driving them and advancing until within 900 yards of the works around Blakely. I then, in obedience to orders from the division commander, halted, put my men nuder the best available cover, and lay down to await the shield of darkness to intrench. During the night of the 2d and the morning of the 3d my first parallel line of intrenchments was made. The regiment sent to the bridge returned during the night and took position in the front line. The ground in my front and rear was a perfect plain, with a strip of low marsh running obliquely across my line of works, affording no opportunity to get my men out of the trenches to rest during the day, and greatly increasing the labor neces- sary to construct approaches and parallel lines. From April 3 to the morning of April 9 I was constantly engaged in working my way up to the enemys works. April 4 the regiment on my right was relieved by the Second Brigade, shortening my front line and enabling me to kee Page 289 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGT. 289 one regiment in reserve. Two additional parallel lines, with approaches, were constructed under an unceasing fire from the enemys sharpshoot- ers and occasional fire from their gun-boats and batteries, which annoyed me very much, killing and wounding more or less of the com- mand each day. During the night of the 8th and the morning of the 9th I had pushed my skirmish line forward and constructed a new line of rifle-pits 140 yards in advance of the command on my right and about 100 yards in advance of General Audrews line, on my left. The fire of the enemys sharpshooters and skirmish line occupying rifle-pits inside their first line of abatis was very sharp and spiteful dni~ing the morn- ing of Anril 9, until about noon, when they suddenly became quiet. Word of this change reached me by Lieutenant-Colonel Merriam, com- manding Seventy-third U. S. Colored Infantry, and the lamented Major Mudgett, Eighty-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry (killed later in the day), sending to me a statement of the fact and asking permission to feel the enemy. I immediately ordered one officer and thirty select men from each of my regiments in readiness to advance on the enemys skirmish line. I also ordered the section of the Fourth Massachusetts Battery stationed on my line to fire a few shots with a view to ascertai-u if the enemys guns were still in position in my front. No reply was elicited from the enemy. I was starting to the front intending to advance my skirmish line supported by the selected men above referred to, when Major-General Osterhaus, chief of staff to Major-General Canby, came on- to my lines and went forward with me. After examining the ground he directed that half of the men already selected get into a ravine imnie- diately in front of my right regiment, deploy, and advance to a crest held by my skirmish line and at a given signal they with the remainder of this select party (who were to spring out of their rifle-pits on the left of my line) were to charge, and, if possible, capture the enemys line of abatis and the rifle-pits occupied by their sharpshooters and skirmish line. This was done in the most gallant manner by Captain Jenkins, Eighty-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry, and Captain Brown, Seventy-third U. S. Colored Infantry (who was mortally wounded). assisted by the skirmish line commanded by Captain Greenwood; Eighty-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry. The enemy immediately opening a heavy artillery and musketry fire on me, I ordered five companies for- ward to support this advance and hold the ground gained, with instruc- tions to intrench immediately in rear of the enemys abatis. This move- ment on my part was followed up by the Second Brigade on my right, and the work of intrenching had been progessing nuder heavy fire forty minutes, when cheering on my left notified me that General Andrews division was moving forward. Still ignorant of whether this was an assault on the enemys main works or merely a following up of the movement already made by me, I sent a staff officer to my left to report if their advance continued beyond the first line of abatis and parallel with my advance, who immediately signaled that General Andrews division was advancing to assault the main works. 1 imume- diately ordered the entire brigade to charge. About the same time the Second Brigade on my right advanced their entire line, and the general assault commenced, resulting in the capture of the enemys entire line of works in my front, containing seven pieces of artillery, many small- arms, and prisoners. To the Seventy-third U. S. Colored. lufantry belongs the honor of first planting their colors on the enemys parapet. Many of the enemy garrisoning these works threw down their arms and ran towird their right to the white troops to avoid capture by the col- 19 R RYOL XLIX, PT Page 290 290 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ored soldiers, fearing violence after surrender. All my officers and men behaved splendidly. My staff officers discharged their respective duties faithfully, promptly, and fearlessly. Sergt. Edward Simon, Com- pany I, Seventy-third U. S. Colored Infantry, has been recommended by his regimental commander to be mentioned in orders for his bravery. The Eighty.second Regiment U.S. Colored Infantry, although in reserve and conseqnently late in starting on the charge, preserved their regi- mental organization throughout, the officers exhibiting both skill and bravery. A list of the casualties has already been furnished you.* I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. A. PILE, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Capt. SAMUEL B. FERGUSON, Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, U. S. Colored Troops. No. 83. Report of Col. Hiram Scofield, Forty.seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations April 29. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST Div., U. S. COLORED TRooPS, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the part taken by my command in the siege and capture of Blakely, Ala.: During the first two days of the siege, commencing upon the 2d instant, the brigade which I have the honor to command was, by the order of the general commanding the division, retained in reserve, and though subjected to a heavy artillery fire without the privilege of in any manner returning it, calmly and coolly labored iu the construction of gabions and fascines to be used by our more fortunate comrades who were in the front. Upon the second day of the siege, April 3, 1865, officers and men received with pleasure the order to move to the front, taking the center of the division, relieving a regiment from each of the other two brigades. The Fiftieth and Fifty-first Regiments were placed in the trenches, the former on the right, the latter on the left, the Forty-seventh Regiment being held in reserve. The ground over which the advances were made was fiat and wet and very unfavorable for the health and comfort of the men, confined as they were to the trenches; but stimulated by the love of country and pride of soldiers, neitherlabor, hunger, nor danger caused anymurmurs. Heavy skirmish lines were pushed out and supported under a heavy fire of artillery and musketry. The men were compelled to fight with the musket at the same time that they labored with the spade, and in this manner the lines were advanced about 400 yards. Upon the seventh day of the siege the Fifty-first Regiment was placed in reserve and reluctantly yielded its place to the Forty-seventh Regiment. Not until the eighth and last day of the siege did the command receive the support of artil- lery, and then of only two light pieces, which, owing to what would seem a mistake of the engineer in the plan of the work to cover them, could not be used upon the enemys guns in our front. Upon this last day of the siege our hearts were made glad by the report of the capture of the Spanish Fort, and each one seemed animated by a desire to * Embodie4 in table, p. 114 Page 291 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 291 emulate the example of our comrades in arms. The enemys skirmish line yielded less stubbornly to-day and the artillery fire was not so heavy as formerly. This caused a general belief that the place was being evacuated, and fears were entertained and expressed that the prize was slipping through our fingers. About 4 p. m. the skirmish lines were almost simultaneously advanced around the whole line, and with?ut, so far as I can learn, any orders; and as the enemy rallied, offering a more stubborn resistance, oar skirmishers were strengthened, and such was the enthusiasm of the troops that had there been concert of action it is believed the place might then have been captured. As it was the rebels were driven within their works, from which they opened a withering fire of musketry and of grape and canister, tem. porarily checking the advance. The order was then given to intrench and hold the ground gained. The reserve regiment was then brought up to the advance line of intrenchments. About this time the order came to advance the skirmish line and feel of the enemy~s force and position, stating that it was believed the place was being evacuated. This order had been already obeyed, disclosing the fact that the artil- lery, though before silent, had not been removed, and that there was at least a strong force of the enemy remaining. Just at this time other portions of the line advancing, permission was obtained to move for- ward and assault the enemys works. The order was at once given to the Forty-seventh and Fiftieth Regiments to advance, supported by five companies of the Fifty-first Regiment, the balaiice of that regiment, nnder command of Lieutenant-Colonel Buck, being retained in the advanced line of rifle-pits as a reserve. The command moved with a yell through the abatis and over torpedoes, several of which exploded, driving the rebels from their works and guns, and in conjunction with the regiments of the other brigades which entered the works almost simultaneously, captured a large number of prisoners. The day was won, and Blakely, with all its garrison and munitions of war, was ours. I cannot mention with more praise than they merit Col. Charles A. Gilchrist, commanding Fiftieth U. S. Colored Infantry; Col. A. Watson Webber, commanding Fifty-first U. S. Colored Infantry, and Lieut. Col. Ferd. E. Peebles, commanding Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infan- try, who led their regiments in the thickest of the fight, vieing with each other, though in the most friendly manner, in deeds of noble dar- ing. Instances must be very rare in which better officers than those named were supported by better officers and men. The spirit and enthusiasm of the troops could not be excelled. Men actually wept that they were placed in reserve and could not go with their comrades into the thickest of the fight. To the impetuosity and bravery of the charge may, I think, be attributed the comparatively small number of killed and wounded. The ground covered by the fire of the enemys guns was soon passed over, and the enemy, intimidated by the deter- mined bravery of the men, sought safety in flight. Quite a number of men were killed or wounded by the explosion of torpedoes, which were exploded by stepping upon them. One man, Private Josias Lewis, Company K, Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, was, while under my own observation, severely wounded, losing a leg by the explosion of one of these infernal machines while guarding prisoners to the rear after they had surrendered, claiming the rights of prisoners of war. To the members of my staffFirst Licut. T. Sumner Greene, Forty- seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, acting assistant adjutant-general; First Lieut. Silas L. Baltzell, Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry Page 292 292 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. aide-de-camp; First Lient. George W. Weeks, Fifty-first U. S. Colored Infantry, aide-de-camp; Second Lieut. Ebenezer Denney, Fiftieth U. S. Colored Jnfantry, picket officergreat praise is due for the prompt and fearless manner in which they discharged their duties. Inelosed I send you the report of regimental commanders, together with a full list of casualties.* I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, II. SCOFIELD, Cot. Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, Comdg. Second Brigade. Capt. SAMUEL B. FERGUSON, Assistant Adjutant- General No. 84. Report of Lient. Col. Ferdinand F. Peebles, Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 19. IIDQRS. FORTY-SEVENTH REGT. U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 10, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the Forty-seventh Regiment U. S. Colored Infantry in the operations against and capture of Blakely, Ala.: On Saturday, the 1st instant, the head of the column to which the regiment belonged arrived before Blakely, and on the succeeding day drove the enemy into their works and commenced throwing up intrench- ments with a view to its reduction. Much to its regret the Forty-sev- enth was held in reserve engaged in the construction of gabions, fascines, & c., and not allowed to enter the pits until the evening of the 8th, when it relieved the Fifty-first Regiment U. S. Colored Infantry, taking possession of the pits they had constructed. About 4.30 p. m. of the 9th our skirmishers participated in a general advance of the skirmish line along the entire front, and I at once ordered the right wing of the regiment forward to their support, which was almost imme- diately followed by the other wing. In the charge the regiment was subjected to a most withering fire of shell, grape, canister, and mus- ketry, which for a time checked its advance. It was but a check, how- ever, and the entire line moved impetuously forward over abatis, through the swamp, and the flag for whose supremacy we fight was soon planted on the parapet of the rebel works, and the fort, its guns and garrison, were at our feet. Inclosed please find a report of casnalties.t With so general an exhibition of gallantry and courage on the part of both officers and men, it would be invidious to make special mention of any. To have assisted in the achievement of a victory so important in its results is a sufficient warrant for all. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, FERD. E. PEEBLES, Lient. Col. 47th Regt. U. S. Colored Infantry, Comdg. the Regt. Lieut. T. SUMNER GREENE, Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 2d Brig., 1st Div., U. S. Colored Troops. * Embodied in table, p. 114. Nominal list (liere omitted) shows 2 men killed and 1 officer and 17 men wounded Page 293 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 293 III{o. 85. Report of Cal. Charles A. Gilchrist, Fiftieth U. ~. Colored Infantry, of operations April 39. HEADQUARTERS FIFTIETH U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 13, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my command in the siege of Blakely and the assault of the 9th instant: On the 3d of April I moved with my command from the rear to the front in obedience to orders, and took my position as then and there directed, sending out at once two companies, C and ID, as skirmishers, covering my front and relieving two companies of the Forty-eighth Regi- ment U. S. Colored Infantry. I found that a parallel had been com- menced, but no approaches had been constructed. Under cover of the night I advanced with a working party detailed from each company sufficient to work all the spades, shovels, and picks at my disposal, and commenced work on a new parallel 230 yards in advance. Soon after arranging my men as I desired my adjutant bronght me the verbal order of Colonel Scofield to return to the first parallel, stating that the order to advance had been countermanded. I then commenced work- ing on a sap, approaching from a ravine about seventy yards in the rear, to the first parallel, and before daylight had a safe passage way for my men, which was used during the siege by the whole brigade and portions of other commands. I also completed the trench already commenced that night and during the next day. As soon as it was dark on the evening of the 4th instant I again advanced my working parties to nearly the same position they had occupied the night pre- vious, and worked vigoronsly all night. On the morning of the 5th the work of this second parallel was so far progressed that the men were protected sufficiently to work in the daytime, and as soon as practi- cable I moved four companies out and occupied it, working by reliefs under charge of Lieutenant-Colonel Tuttle and Major Barnes, who relieved each other. On the 6th and 7th the work was pushed for- ward, a sap dug connecting the right of the first and second parallels, the other companies brought forward, and on the 8th nearly all the men had safely burrowed themselves in the ground and were well pro- tected against shells. Previous to this time my officers and men were exposed to a constant fire from the enemys sharpshooters, skirmishers, and batteries and his gun-boats to our right. Sunday, April 9, I had two companies engaged during the day con- structing an approach from my second parallel, which was at that time 612 yards distant from the nearest battery of the enemy, which was the first on his left. The approaches had formerly been constructed during the night, but owing to our coming upon some torpedoes, and the fire of the enemys skirmishers being slack, I decided to work dur- ing the day. Two companies were on the skirmish line, a part of each being held as reserve. Lieutenant Jarvis, of Company ID, had charge of the advanced line, and it appears had received orders from Licut. Col. M. II. Tuttle, Fiftieth U. S. Colored Infantry, and brigade officer of the day, to advance his skirmishers in the same line with those of the Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry. The skirmishers advanced about 4 p. in., and it seems moved up at that particular time on account of an advance being made by troops farther on the left. The line advanced as if to make a charge instead of a line of~ sharpshooters Page 294 294 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. firing their pieces and cheering loudly. I was at the time near the first trench at the battery recently constructed, and on hearing the rapid firing I instantly ran out into the trench, and upon seeing Major Barnes, Fiftieth U. S. Colored Infantry, asked him what was the mat- ter. He said no orders had been received by him, but that the major of the Seventy-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry had just informed him that he had orders to advance at 5 p. in., and as they were at that time forming I concluded to follow the example of other regiments, as I had no orders, and at any rate I could with propriety advance to the sup- port of my own skirmishers and hold the ground they had so gallantly won. The companies were moved out in the advanced sap and marched up to the first line of rebel rifle-pits, from which our skirmishers had already driven the enemy, and as the line was considerably broken by the heavy firing of the enemys artillery and the fallen timber, it was halted and reformed under cover of the rifle-pits, fallen timber, & c. I then sent an officer to the rear to procure 100 spades and picks for the purpose of intrenching. Before they arrived an officer came up and said that it was General Steeles order that we were to advance no far- ther at present, but hold the ground we then had. About the time the tools arrived, Colonel Drew, commanding Third Brigade, came up to my right, and in a very ungentlemanly and unofficer like manner ordered some of my companies officers to take their companies forward, and when informed that they weretherebymy orders, and could not move without orders from some of their superior officers, he still continued in a perfect tirade of abuse and finally went to the rear. About this time the white troops on the left of the colored division opened fire and com- menced cheering, which relieved us from most of the enemys fire, and when they advanced and my adjutant arrived with a verbal order from Colonel Scofield to advance, if I thought it expedient, and hold all the ground I could, we ceased digging and soon moved forward, but before we had passed over half the remaining distance to the fort my skir- mishers, together with the skirmishers of the Forty-seventh U. S. Col- ored Infantry, had entered it, but not till after the white troops had taken the batteries farther to our left. Lieutenant Jarvis, who had charge of the skirmish line, was killed within about 100 yards of the fort. The abatis in front of and near the fort where we entered it was alm6st impassable, and could not have been overcome had we attempted it under fire. The enthusiasm of the men was unbounded, and they manifested their joy in every conceivable manner. The siege of Blakely was ended and we returned at about 7p. in., pi.cked up our wounded and buried our dead. A complete list of the casualties* from the 3d to the 9th, inclusive, is forwarded herewith, and foots up 25 killed and wounded, including two officers, Lieutenant Jarvis, killed, and First Lieutenant Hall, wounded. During the siege I am happy to be able to state the officers and enlisted men under my command did their duty nobly. The conduct of none could be criticised to their discredit, and the behavior of the men when constructing trenches under fire, than which there could scarce be a more trying position, was a convincing proof that the former slaves of the South cannot be excelled as soldiers. I am, lieutenant, very respectfully, yours, CHAS. A. GILCIIIIIST, Colonel Fiftieth U. S. Colored Infantry, Commanding Regiment. Lieut. T. SUMNER GREENE, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. * Nominal list (here omitted) shows 1 officer and 5 men killed and 1 officer and 18 men wounded Page 295 THE MOBiLE CAMPAIGN. 295 No. 86. Report of Cot. A. Watson Webber, Fifty-first U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 19. HEADQUARTERS FIFTY-FIRST U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 11, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my regiment in the attack upon and capture of Blakely: With the rest of the brigade my regiment was held in reserve the 1st and 2d days of April, dnring which time but one slight casualty occurred. On the evening of the 2d the regiment was ordered to the front, taking position on the left of the Fiftieth iRegiinent U. S. Colored Jnfantry and connecting on the left with the right of General Piles brigade (First Brigade, First Division, U. S. Colored Troops). The command remained at the front, partaking in all the active operations of the divis- ion, until the evening of the 8th, when it was relieved from duty in the trenches by the Forty-seventh U. S. Colored Infantry, until then held in reserve. On the 9th, at 5 p. in., the regiment was again ordered to the front and participated in the successful assault made upon the enemys works. While making the charge six men in one company were severely wounded by the explosion of one of the enemys subterra shells. A full list of casualties is forwarded herewith.* The gallantry of the officers and men of my command during all the operations was so universal that to enumerate special cases would be invidious. There can be no doubt now, in the minds of their officers at least, but that our colored soldiers are brave and will fight. I have the honor to be, lieutenant, your very obedient servant, A. WATSON WEBBER, Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Lieut. T. SUMNER GREENE, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 3d Brig., 1st Div., U. S. Colored Troops. No. 87. Report of Col. Charles W. Drew, Seventy-sixth U. S. Colored Infai~try, commanding Third Brigade, of operations April 19. IIDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FIRST DIV., U. S. COLORED TROOPS, Blakely, Ala., April 13, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of my command from the commencement of the siege to the occu- pation of Blakely by our troops: On the night of April 1 my brigade was ordered to encamp in line of battle to the right of the Stockton road about two miles and a half from the enemys works, which was done in the following order: The Sixty-eighth Regiment on the right, the Seventy-sixth in the cen- ter, and the Forty-eighth on the left, the command occupying the advance and extreme right. The next morning about 7.30 our pickets becoming warmly engaged, I formed line as quickly as possible, when I received an order to advance in line of battle. T immediately ordered two companies from each regiment deployed forward as skir- mishers, and commenced the advance, which was continued for two miles through a thickly wooded and broken country, my skirmishers fighting about half the way. Notwithstanding the numerous obstacles Nominal list (here omitted) shows 2 men killed and 1 officer and 14 men wonuded Page 296 296 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. in the way, there was scarcely a break in the line the whole distance. The precision maintained by the line, as well as the bold and steady advance of the skirmishers nuder a heavy fire, were sufficient, I think, to command the admiration of all. Arriving within half a mile of the works I received an order to halt, which order was at once communi- cated to the skirmish line. Our position was then immediately in rear of a ravine about half a mile from the works of the enemy, my right resting on the swamp and my left connecting with General Piles bri- gade. By direction of the general commanding division I afterward moved my command into the ravine for protection from the enemys artillery, but not, however, until two shells had exploded in the ranks of the Forty-eighth Regiment, wounding fifteen men. From this time up to the 9th instant we were engaged running saps and parallels toward the enemys skirmish line, in which attempt we were quite suc- cessful~ although at times, from the severity of the fire constantly kept up, it was necessarily slow. During this time my command built a strong earth-work, Battery Wilson, in rear of the right of my skirmish line for the introduction of four 30-pounder Parrotts, intended to drive off the gun-boats which had been constaQtly shelling my skirmishers with disastrous results. On Saturday, at f2p. in., everything being ready, the wood was cleared away in front and the battery opened on the Mor- gan with good effect. She as well as the Nashville, which lay under cover of the wood below, returned the fire for some time with consider- able spirit, but were finally compelled to drop downstream to trouble us no more. The battery then turned its attention to the iron-clad Huntsville and soon placed it hors de combat. Sunday, the 9th instant, I ordered the Sixty-eighth and Seventy-sixth Regiments (then in the trenches) to double their skirmish lines at tip. m. and drive the enemy from his rifle-pits, and if necessary to do it I should order out the regi- ments entire. Before the work was fairly commenced, however, I heard cheering on my left and saw the skirmishers of the First Brigade advancing. I immediately gave the command forward, and forward the entire command (except the Forty-eighth Regiment left in reserve) swept with a yell. In this advance my extreme right reached a point within 150 feet of the enemys parapet, but so reduced in numbers and exhausted that I ordered them to fall back to a ravine where they would be safe from the fire of the enemys gun-boats (which were getting up- stream) until I could order up the Forty-eighth Regiment and charge the works with some hope of success. Before I could get up with the regiment they had fallen back to the abatis. The Forty-eighth Regi- ment coming up was deployed behind the abatis, and when the charge became general they, with the rest, went forward with a shout and did all that brave men could do. The result was soon accomplished and Blakely was ours. I cannot speak in terms of too much praise of the officers and men of my command. Each and every one did willingly all that was asked, working incessantly night and day a large portion of the time. The support and assistance rendered me by regimental commanders entitles them to my warmest gratitude. I could ask for none better. The casualties, as will be seen by regimental reports, herewith inclosed, amount to 5 officers killed and 11 wounded, and 23 enlisted men killed and 166 wounded. Total, 28 killed and 177 wounded. Aggregate, 205. All of which is respectfully submitted. CHAS. W. DREW, Colonel Seventy-sixth U. S. Golored Infantry, Commanding. Capt. S.. B. FERGUSON, Assistant Adjutant-General Page 297 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 297 No. 88. Report of Col. Frederick ilL (irandal, Forty-eighth U. AS. Colored Infain try, of operations April 19. HEADQUARTERS FORTY-EIGHTH U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Blakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report, in accordance with circu- lar from brigade headquarters, that the Forty-eighth Regiment U. S. Colored Infantry arrived in front of Blakely on April 1. Wentinto camp and remained until Sunday morning, when skirmishing commenced in front. The regiment was ordered into line of battle, forming the left of the brigade, with one company of skirmishers in front covering the battalion. We moved forward, the skirmishers driving the enemy within about 500 yards of their works. The regiment lost fifteeii men killed and wounded by the explosion of shell in the ranks. The regi- ment being in an exposed position was moved to the right into a ravine; remained there until night, skirmishers still in front. Sunday night this regiment commenced work on the first parallel, and worked until 11.30, when it was relieved by the Seventy-sixth Regiment. Remained in camp in ravine Monday, sending out three companies as skirmishers. Tuesday afternoon the regiment moved back a short distance into another ravine as a reserve, and remained there until Saturday, the 8th, with very heavy details working on battery for 30-pounder Parrott guns. Saturday moved up to the original position to support a battery, and remained there until Sunday afternoon at 5 oclock, when the regiment was ordered up to support the Seventy-sixth and Sixty-eighth Regiments in the charge on the enemys works. The Forty-eighth par- ticipated in the charge with but slight loss, as it was not brought up under fire until the last rush was made, and then the fire of the enemy was wild and most of the shots passed over. The men and officers deserve great praise for the cheerfulness with which they did hard and disagreeable work. All did well, and there was less skulking than is usual in actions of as great severity. Respectfully, your obedient servant, F. M. CRANDAL, Colonel Forty-eighth U. iS. Colored Infantry. Iieut. G. D. CRANDAL, Aide-de-Camp. No. 89. Report of Lieut. Gol. Daniel Densmore, Sixty-eighth U. S. Colored Infan try, of operations April 19. HEADQUARTERS SIXTY-EIGHTH U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Near Biakely, Ala., April 12, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to report that on the evening of the 1st instant this regiment, then commanded by Col. J. Blackburn Jones, camped with the brigade about two miles from the left of the enemys works around Blakely, Ala. This regiment occupied the right in the encamp- ment. About 6 oclock on the following morning heavy skirmishing began with the enemy. The brigade being formed in line this regiment still occupied the right. Companies F, II, and K, commanded, respect, Page 298 298 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS~, ALA., & W. FLA. ively, by Captains Norwood and Root and Lieutenant Rogers, were thrown out as skirmishers, whereupon the line advanced. The enemy, being pressed, retired into his works. The regiment was then placed in the shelter of a neighboring ravine, and the skirmishers closed in closely npon the enemys rifle-pits and occupied the extreme right of the line of investment, reaching from the swampy ground bordering upon the Blakely River, thence up a steep bluff some seventy feet in height and out upon the tableland,in all about 300 yards. The enemys works in front of this line consisted of slashing, both ou the bluff side and on the plateau above and extending to their main earth-works about 1,000 yards distant. Midway in this slashing the enemy had a well- constructed line of rifle-pits in which his skirmishers were safely posted. Close about the main works was an abatis. The firing by the skirmishers was very accurate and heavy during the 2d, the enemy evidently having excellent sharpshooters posted. Notwithstanding their efforts, the com- panies of skirmishers, nuder the supervision of Col. J. B. Jones, were posted and firmly held their position within close range of the enemys pits. At 11 oclock of that day First Lieut. E. R. R. Talbot, of Com- pany E, received a severe wound in the left side of the face, from the effects of which he died on the 5th instant. The other casualties of the day were eight enlisted men wounded. Throughout the 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th the skirmish line thus established was continued in oper- ation, being, however, from time to time advanced in places. On the night of the 5th a line of rifle-pits for our skirmishers was opened under direction of Colonel Jones and on the following night enlarged. On the night of the 7th these rifle-pits were opened out so as to connect, and on the following morning the regimentwas moved intothetrench thus made. Up to this time the line had suffered much annoyance from the enemys gun -boats, the Nashville and Huntsville, causing several injuries by con- cussion, the most severe case of which is that of Lieut. George W. Bus- well, Company K, on the 7th; but on the afternoon of the 8th the gun- boats were driven away by the 30-pounder or Drew battery. Skirmish- ing continued on the 9th until 4.10 p. m. by this regiment, at which time the skirmishers were thrown forward to occupy the rifle-pits just being deserted by the enemy by reason of some movement of our troops some distance toward the left. The skirmishers had just reached the pits when the regiment was ordered to charge. Passing rapidly beyond the rifle-pits the men of the Seventy-sixth (also charging) and Sixty- eighth Regiments became, mingled amid the slashing, and to avoid the severe fire of the enemys artillery as well as to take advantage of the open pathway along the crest of the bluff, the greater portion of them gained ground to the right and on the bluff side. A few of the skir- mishers pushed forward on the upper land, and occupying a somewhat covered place poured a steady fire into the enemys embrasures, keep- ing the men from the guns and at the same time preventing any sally by the enemy upon our men on the bluff side, who had then reached a point within a few yards of the left of the enemys parapet, and who reduced to a few, and those greatly exhausted by their exertions in traversing the bluff side covered with slashing, were unable to proceed farther without a supporting force. No such force appearing, after some time spent in waiting, and the enemys gun-boats having got in range, they were ordered to fall back, and reached our line just in season to join in the general charge ordered at 5.30 p. in., by which in less than ten minutes the enemys works were carried. In this charge Lieut. Charles Manhardt, Company I, was killed; Capt. George Geiger, Com- pany C, received a wound from which he died in the night, and. Cob J Page 299 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 299 B. Jones, Capt. 0.11. Holcomb, Company B, Capt. F. W. 1~orwood C pany F, and Lieuit. Clark Gleason, Company B, were severely wounded, and Capt. W. A. Poillon, Company E, Lieutenant Rogers, Company K, and Lieutenant Taisey, Company G, were slightly wonnded. There were also 7 enlisted men killed and 54 wonnded in the charge. Total commissioned officers killed and died of wounds from the morning of~ the 2d until the occupation of the enemys works, 3; total wounded, 7; total enlisted men killed, 9; total enlisted men wounded, 81; total aggregate, 100. Respectfully submitted. D. DEKSMORE, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Lieut. 0-. D. CRANDAL, Aide-de- Camp and Acting A8sistant Adjutant- General. No. 90. Report of ]lJiaj. William B. Nyc, AS1eventy-sixth U. S. Colored Infantry, of operations April 29. IIDQRS. SEVENTY-SIXTH U. S. COLORED INFANTRY, Near Blakely, Ala., April 12, li165. Sn~: I have the honor to report that on the morning of the 2d instant this regiment moved with its brigade, 01 which it formed the center, from its encampment, about two miles north of this place, against the enemy, with Companies A and B thrown forward as skirmishers. He was quickly pressed back into his rifle-pits and held there by the skirmish line; the regiment then sought shelter from his artillery fire in a ravine about 600 yards in the rear. On the night of the 3d this regiment assisted in throwing up a rifle-pit in front of the ravine, which was subsequently occupied by a portion of the Second Brigade. On the 5th, 6th, and 7th, our skirmish line in the meantime having been steadily getting in a more advantageous position, a line of intrench- ments was thrown up immediately in its rear and the regiment moved into it on the 8th. On the 9th I received orders to re-enforce my skirmishers at S p. m. and drive the enemy from his pits. About 4.30, and while this order was about being carried into execution, I received orders from the brigade commander to advance my regiment. This was done and the rifle-pits carried with a rush, although well protected in front by an abatis of slashed timber, very intricate and difficult to move over. The advance continued to press forward, under a terrific fire of artillery and musketry, to within short range of the enemys main works, the most advanced portion of the line being within a few yards of it; the line was checked here until the arrival of the reserve, when the charge was again taken up and the works carried. The loss suffered by my command from the investment of the place until its capture is 2 officers killed and 3 wounded; enlisted men,12 killed and 65 wounded. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. E. NYT~, Lient. GEORGE D. CRANDAL, ]Jfajor, Commanding. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 300 300 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. No. 91. Reports of Bvt. ]Jfaj. Gen. Benjamin H. Grierson, U. S. Army, commanrl- ing Cavalry Forces, of operations April 17May 29. llnQn~s. CAVALRY FORCES, MIL. Div. OF WEST MisSissi~~i, Fufaula, Ala., May 1, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that in obedience to instruc- tions from the general commanding I moved from Blakely on the 17th of April, reaching Greenville on the morning of the 22d, where I overtook the Sixteenth Corps. At this place I heard of the capture of Columbus by the forces of General Wilson. Accordingly I swept east to this point, intending to co-operate with him if necessary in the capture of Macon and Augusta. Upon arrival here I received through General Wilson official notice of the existence of an armistice between Generals Sher- man and Johnston, since which time my command has been quietly encamped near Georgetown, Ga., except Lucas brigade, which is in the vicinity of Union Springs, Ala. All Confederate officers and soldiers captured by my command have been paroled. I have just received from General Wilson official copies of dispatches from General Sherman, announcing the termination of the war east of the Chattahoochee River, official copies of which are herewith inclosed.* I shall move from here to Montgomery, which point I expect to reach about the 7th, and where I will await further orders. The command is in good condition and ready for movements in any direction. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. II. GRIERSON, Brevet Major- General. Lient. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Assistant Adjutant- General. HDQRS. CAVALRY FORCES, MIL..DIv. o~ WEST MISSISSIPPI, New Orleans, La., June 4, 1865. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that in obedience to instruc- tions from the major-general commanding, I moved from Blakely, Ala., on the afternoon of the 17th of April, 1865, with the brigades of Brig. Gen. T. J. Lucas and Col. Joseph Karg~, in all about 4,000 effective men, in two columns northeast to Greenville, Ala.; thence with one brigade, via Troy, Louisville, Clayton, and Eufanla, Ala., to Georgetown, Ga., andwith the 6therto Union Springs, Ala. Upon arriving atEufaula, April 29, I learned of the existence of an armistice between Generals Sherman and Johnston. Accordingly I encamped Colonel Karg~s bri- gade near Georgetown, Ga., to await further developments, and commu- nicating with General Lucas at Union Springs directed him to report to me with his command at Eufanla, Ala., that I might have my entire force in a good position should hostilities be renewed. Before his arrival, and upon receipt of the information of the snrrender of all forces east of the Chattahoochee, I immediately communicated with him and moved with my entire command by parallel roads to Montgomery, Ala. Upon arrival at this point, I received your communication directing me to * See Special Field Orders, No. 65, headquarters Military Division of the Missis- sippi, April 27, Vol. XLVII, Part III, p.322; also General Orders, No. 18, Army of the Tennessee, April 27, ibid, p. 843 Page 301 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 301 report for duty to Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith. Accordingly, on the 10th of May, in obedience to his orders, I sent the Second New York Cavalry to Talladega, Ala., and on the 11th I moved with the balance of the command northwest, via Kingston, Centerville, Marion, Greensborough, Eutaw, and Pickensvifle, to Columbus, Miss., reporting my arrival at that point on the 20th of May by telegraph to you. On the road from Montgomery, at a point near Marion, I sent the Second Illinois to Tus- caloosa, and with numerous detachments scoured the country and watched the crossings of the Black Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, with a view of capturing JelL Davis, who was reported to be trying to reach the Trans-Mississippi Department through Alabama. Upon reaching Columbus I sent one regiment (Thirteeth Indiana) south along the Mobile and Ohio Railroad to Macon for the purpose of collecting and guarding all Government property at and near that point. On the 27th of May, in obedience to telegraphic instructions, 1 ordered Brig. Gen. T. J. Lucas to move with his brigade by the most practicable route to Vicksburg, Miss., and leaving Col. Joseph Karg6 in command at Columbus, Miss., with my staff I proceeded with all dispatch by rail via Mobile to this point, arriving on the 29th. During the entire march of my command on this expedition, private property, except where it was necessary for the sustenance of men and horses, was respected; and immediately upon the receipt of the news of an armistice between Sherman and Johnston, as also of the suspen- sion of hostilities pending the surrender of General Dick Taylor, the most stringent orders were issued and enforced forbidding the impress- ment of stock, and vouchers were given for all subsistence stores taken. The utmost good order prevailed, as was testified to by the inhabitants along the entire line of march, and I take pleasure in expressing my thanks to the officers of the command, without reference to rank, for their hearty support in enforcing orders. Almost the entire line of march was through country which had never been visited by Federal troops since the commencement of the war, and much of it was the richest portions of the State. The march of the various columns had a good effect upon the people. The entire distance marched was about 700 miles, and over 10,000 Confederate officers and soldiers were paroled. On the line of march we passed at least 300,000 bales of cotton, much of it Government property; also, considerable quantities of commissary and quartermasters stores. Not deeming it good policy to destroy property when the close of the war was becoming so apparent, no cotton was burned, believing it would find its way to market and come under the control of the Government. Such Confederate commissary and quartermasters stores as could not be made use of by the com- mand, together with the unserviceable animals, were, by my direc- tions, believing it would meet with approval, distributed to the poor, many of whom were suffering and entirely destitute. The country is filled with bands of armed marauders, composed mostly of deserters from the late rebel armies, who have returned to find their families suffering from the neglect and persecution of the wealthy leaders, at whose instigation they joined the rebel ranks. The poor people, including the returned Confederate private soldiers, are, as a general thing, now loyal; but the far greater portion of the wealthy classes are still very bitter in their sentiments against the Government, and clutch on to slavery with a lingering hope to save at least a relic of their favorite yet barbarous institution for the future. The former class I most earnestly commend to the forbearance and generosity of the Gov- ernment, but the spirit of resistance still manifest in the latter shoul Page 302 302 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. by some means be entirely broken down, and the false pride built upon the institution of slavery must be completely humbled before they can become a truly peaceful and contented people. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. II. GIIIERSOK, Brevet Major. General. Lieut. Col. C. T. CHRISTENSEN, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 92. Reports of Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Lucas, U. S. Army, commanding brigade, of operations March 25 and April 9June 6. HEADQUARTERS SEPARATE CAVALRY BRIGADE, In the Field, near Escambia River, March 27, 1865. I have the honor to forward to you the following report of the engage- ment of the 25th instant: About 10 a. m. of that date my advance, the First Louisiana Cavalry, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Badger, came upon the enemys vedettes near Cotton Creek, four of whom were captured. From them I learned that Clantons (rebel) brigade, consisting of the Sixth and Eighth Alabama Cavalry, was in our front. At Cotton Creek the enemy, posted behind strong breast-works and about 100 strong, dis- puted the crossing. I dismounted three companies of the First Louisi- ana Cavalry, who advanced over the creek. The enemy immediately retiring, I pnshed forward to Mitchells Creek, where the enemy had fired the bridge and otherwise obstructed the crossing. Again dis- mounting a portion of the First Louisiana Cavalry, a passage was effected, the enemy falling back, making but feeble resistance. The bridge was quickly repaired, and being close upon the enemys rear I ordered Colonel Badger with his regiment, supported by a battalion of the Second New York Veteran Cavalry, under Major Van Voast, to press forward as rapidly as possible and charge the enemy if he deemed it expedient. About 11 oclock the enemy, consisting of Clantons brigade, about 600 strong, were formed in line of battle in a strong position on the north bank of Canoe Cree~k, mostly dismounted, com- manded by General Clanton in person. Having gained the opposite bank of the creek, Colonel Badger formed his regiment for the purpose and charged the enemy in a most gallant manner under a heavy fire, leading the charge in person. I ordered the battalion of the Second New York Veteran Cavalry to move forward as a support as soon as they could cross the creek. The First Louisiana Cavalry swept down upon the enemy, breaking their lines instantly. The charge continued about four miles, giving the enemy no time to reform their lines, prison- ers being secured all the time. I continued the pursuit to the Escambia River, where, the bridge having been previously destroyed, I captured a portion of a detachment of rebels who were in my front. Several driving their horses off the broken end of the bridge were drowned many escaped through the swamps and woods on either flank, my advance being so rapid the main column was not able to keep up and secure them. I remained with two companies, with which I had advanced several miles beyond the head of the column, at the rive Page 303 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 303 until the column closed up. The enemy on the opposite bank having opened upon my party with artillery, I ordered the Second Massachu- setts Light Artillery forward, which soon drove the enemy from his position, when I crossed a detachment of the Thirty-first Massachusetts (mounted) Infantry, who took possession and held their works until relieved by the infantry. The victory was most complete. The enemy was demoralized to such a degree by the resistless force with which I pressed them, that arms, clothing, and everything that impeded their flight was thrown away and scattered along the road and through the woods. The following are some of the results of the engagement: Brigadier-General Clanton wounded and a prisoner; 18 commissioned officers and 111 enlisted men prisoners. A battle-flag of the enemy was captured by Private Thomas Riley, Company ID, First Louisiana Cavalry. A number of horses, mules, and the arms of the prisoners were also captured. The casualties in my command were: First Lieut. Alfred Shaffer, commanding Company C, First Louisiana Cavalry, killed; First Lieut. A. 0. Daniels, Company B, First Louisiana Cavalry, severely wounded; 2 enlisted men First Louisiana Cavalry killed; 2 enlisted men First Louisiana Cavalry wounded; 26 horses lost. The loss of the enemy I am unable to give, but it was much larger than ours. I take pleasure in calling the attention of the major-general commanding to the prompt and gallant manner in which Colonel Badger with his regiment charged upon the enemy, pressing upon him so closely as to admit of but little resistance after his lines were once broken, fully sustaining the high reputation they have already acquired on pre- vious occasions. The battalion of the Second New York Veteran Cav- alry was kept up as closely as the nature of the roads and the rapidity of the advance would admit, and would have rendered efficient aid had their support been required. In the death of Lieutenant Shaffer the country has lost the services of a brave and effi~ient offi~er. The names of the prisoners captured will be forwarded as soon as the rolls are completed. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, T. J. LUCAS, Capt. ~ ~. ~ Brigadier-General, Commanding. As8istant Adjutant. General. HEADQUARTERS THIRD CAVALRY BRIGADE Montgomery Hill, April 18, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to forward to you the following report of the expedition to Claiborne made by a portion of my command: On the 9th instant, having received instructions from Major-General Canby to proceed to Claiborne and await orders, I left camp at Blakely at 12 m. with the Second New York Veteran Cavalry, First Louisiana Cavalry, detachment Second Illinois Cavalry, numbering I ,554 cavalry, and two sections of Second Massachusetts Light Artillery, provided with four days rations and two days forage, in light marching order, with no wagons and one ambulance to each regiment, reaching Stock- ton, a distance of twenty miles, at dark, where we encamped for the night. Next day met a few of the enemy and captured several. En- camped at Montpelier at night, a distance of thirty six miles from Stockton. Leaving camp at daylight the next day, my advance was detained two hours repairing the bridge over Little River, which ha Page 304 304 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. been swept away, and news of my coming having anticipated our arrival at the river, Pwas unable to surprise the rebel picket there, which I desired to do to enable me to surround Claiborne and capture a force I had learned was at that place. Crossing the river, I sent forward a battalioii of the First Louisiana Cavalry, under Major Ives, in advance to Mount Pleasant where a militia company had been stationed, but was unable to surprise their camp, which they had hastily evacuated. Pressing forward, my advance came upon a skirmish line of the enemy three miles beyond Mount Pleasant, which was speedily driven back upon their line of battle strongly posted in the woods in the rear of a piece of low, marshy ground, which covered their front and flanks. The advance being pressed by the enemys force, which was all engaged, I maintained my ground, and ordering the remainder of the First Louisiana Cavalry forward and into line, charged them. As the regi- ment swept down upon them their line was broken, and they retreated in disorder in all directions. I pursued them four miles, capturing prisoners all the way. The force of the enemy was utterly demoralized and scattered. Among the results of the engagement were the cap- ture of 2 commissioned officers and 70 men, 2 battle-flags (1 taken by the Second Illinois), horses, arms, & c. Having no transportation I was compelled to destroy the arms. Many of the enemy escaped on the flanks in consequence of the difficulty in pressing over the soft, spongy ground. Our casualties were 3 men killed, 1 commissioned officer, Lieutenant Boyle, First Louisiana Cavalry, and 8 men wounded. Those of the enemy, 2 killed, 3 mortally, and 6 slightly wounded. The troops engaged were a detachment of the Fifteenth Confederate Cavalry (regulars), numbering 450, which had a few days previous arrived at Claiborne from Mobile, and marched down from that place the day we met them with the intention of capturing my command, which they heard consisted of some 200 cavalry. Having reformed and rested my command, I pushed on to Claiborne, which place I reached by dark and took undisputed possession of the town, having marched this day twenty-five miles. I immediately posted safeguards over the premises of the citizens of the place. The day following a party of one lieutenant, enrolling officer, and five men (rebels) came to the opposite bank of the river and requested that a flat be sent over to them, that they might cross, not knowing the change of com- manders which had taken place. The boat was sent and in half an hour they were our prisoners. During the time I occupied the town scouts were sent out on the different roads leading to points which connected with Claiborne, and the country adjacent was thoroughly reconnoitered. I learned of the presence of small scouting parties in the neighborhood on both 5i(lC5 of the river, but of no considerable force this side of Greenville, where General Buford was reported con- centrating the mounted Alabama troops. The strength of his command could not definitely be ascertained. 1 obtained a sufficient supply of corn to subsist my command from the plantations near Claiborne. The largest amounts are at the plantations on the river, which can be reached at only a few points by wagons on account of the high stage of water between them and the road. The navigation of the Alabama was entirely suspended after the fall of Selma, and there are no boats between Mobile and that point. There are about 500 bales of cotton stored at Claiborne. On the 14th, having received orders from General Canby to return to Blakely, I left the town with prisoners, wounded, and some 350 contrabands who came into our lines, and moved bac Page 305 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 305 upon the river road by which I came, reaching Stockton the 17th, where I received orders from the major-general commanding to join his column. I immediately encamped and sent my prisoners and sick forward, pre- paratory to retracing my march. I captured on the expedition 4 com- missioned officers, 78 men, 2 battle-flags, arms, horses, & c. I should have stated that by a scout I sent beyond Monroeville while at ClaP borne a report was obtained of the evacuation of Greenville by General Bufords forces, and that they had moved east from that point, and that four trains from Montgomery had been burned. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, T. J. LUCAS, Brigadier- General C Maj. S. L. WOODWARD, ommandinti. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Cay. Forces, Mu. Div. of West Mississippi. HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY FORCES AT YJCKSBURG, Vicksburg, Miss., June 22, 1865. SIR: 1 have the honor to forward herewith a report of the movements of my command from the date of their leaving camp near Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865, until their arrival at Yicksburg, Miss., June 4, 1865, as follows: In pursuance of orders from Major-General Canby, dated headquar- ters Military Division of West Mississippi, near Spanish Fort, Ala., April 9, 1865, the troops of my command, consisting of the Second New York Veteran Cavalry, the First Lousiana Cavalry, the Second Illinois Cavalry, and the Second Massachusetts Light Battery, left camp near Blakely, Ala., and proceeded in the direction of Claiborne. On the 12th [11th] of April a detachment of the Fifteenth Confederate Cavalry was encountered near Mount Pleasant and was completely routed; 3 officers and 73 men were captured, together with 2 battle- flags and a large number of small-arms. Their loss in killed and wounded was quite heavy. Pushed forward and occupied Claiborne the same night, where we remained scouting the country in that vicinity, capturing several officers and 20 men belonging to different regiments, until the evening of the 15th, when we marched in the direction of Blakely. Reached Stockton on the 17th, when orders were received from Brevet Major-General Grierson, commanding cavalry forces, & c., designating this command as the Third Cavalry Brigade, and directing that after procuring supplies, which had been forwarded from Blakely, I should march with my brigade in the direction of Greenville, where I should join his column, marching to that point by another road. In obedience to these instructions, having supplied my command with ten days rations, I moved forward upon the road designated, reaching Monroeville a few days after. Learning at this place that a detach- ment of Forrests cavalry was in the vicinity of Camden pressing stock, I ordered Major Perry, of my staff, to make a scout in that direc- tion with one company of the First Louisiana Cavalry, capturing this force of the enemy if possible and securing all serviceable horses and mules which could be spared from the country without distressing the people. A. report of this expedition has already been forwarded. From Monroeville I moved forward, via Turubull, Pine Level Post- Office, and Monterey, to Greenville, where the command arrived on the 20 R RYOL XLJX~ PT Page 306 306 KY.~ S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. 25th of April, having encountered no enemy. On the 27th of April, agreeable to instructions dated headquarters Cavalry Forces, Military Division of West Mississippi, Greenville, April 25, 1865, I sent my wagon train with all unserviceable stock and non-effective men with a guard to Montgomery, and moved with the command in the direction of Union Springs via Theky Mount and China Grove Post Office. Just before reaching Union Springs on the 29th of April I received a com- munication from General Grierson dated Clayton, April 28, 1865, announcing in General Orders, No. 4, of that date, the existence of an armistice between the armies of Generals Sherman and Johnston, and directing that all foraging, excepting such as may be necessary for the subsistence of animals and men, be prohibited, such foraging being only under the direction of a commissioned officer. Up to this time stock had been seized whenever required to mount my command, replac- ing that broken down. I found upon my arrival at Union Springs on the 30th a number of Confederate officers and a wagon train, the property of the Confederate Government. On the 1st of May Briga- dier-General Pillow, C. S. Army, and Governor Watts, of Alabama, were arrested and sent, together with the train above mentioned, to Montgomery, under the charge of Lieutenant-Colonel Marsh, command- ing Second Illinois Cavalry, to be reported upon arrival to Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith, commanding, for his disposal. Having received orders on the 1st of May to move by the most direct route to Montgomery, I started next day, marching by the way of Fort Hull, Cross Keys Post- Office, and Mount Meigs, arriving with my command at Montgomery on the 5th of May. Major Perry, with the company of the First Louis- iana Cavalry, rejoined the command at this place. The news of the surrender of Lient. Gen. Dick Taylor and army reached us here. By Special Field Orders, No. 4, dated headquarters Cavalry Forces, Mili- tary Division of West Mississippi, Montgomery, May 9, 1865, the Sec- ond New York Veteran Cavalry was detached from the brigade and ordered, under the command oU Brevet Brigadier-General Chrysler, to Talladega, Ala. By Special Field Ovders, No. 5, dated May 10, 1865, the Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry and Tenth Indiana Cavalry were trans- ferred from the Second Cavalry Brigade to the Third Cavalry Brigade and reported for duty on the day following. In pursuance of requirements of Special Field Orders, No. 5, extract II, headquarters Cavalry Forces, Military Division of West Mississippi, Montgomery, May 10,1865, my comniand marched at 7 a. m. on the 11th of May, crossing the Alabama River by the pontoon bridge and mov- ing to Kingston to await further instructions. The roads were found in a very bad condition, and forage scarce. Camped at Kingston same afternoon. Next day, having orders to move to Centerville, the com- mand marched at an early hour, arriving at that place in two days, taking the Maplesville road with a portion of the column, the remain- der, under Colonel Moore, Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry, moving via Plantersville. A portion of the command crossed the Cahawba River same night. Marched the next day in the direction of Greensborough, sending a detachment by way of Marion and the Second Illinois Cav- alry from Greensborough to Tuscaloosa to rejoin the command at Colum- bus, Miss. Crossed the Black Warrior at the pontoon bridge four miles from Eutaw. near which place we halted for the night of the 16th, leav- ing a provc~it guard in the town. Marched next day, passing near Pleasant Ridge Post-Office, across the Sipsey River. Marched the next day a short distance beyond Pickensville, where orders were receive Page 307 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. ~3O7 to exchange no more stock. Previous to this whenever a horse broke down others were taken and these left in their place. On the 20th the column reached Columbus, Miss. All public animals were branded before entering the place. The command was encamped on the west side of the Tombigbee River. Lieutenant-Colonel Marsh, commanding Second Illinois Cavalry, rejoined the command here, reporting much suffering among the people for want of food, and an attempt by women from the neighborhood of Tuscaloosa to break into the Government commissary store-house at that place and obtain relief for themselves and suffering children. In accordance with instructions the Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry marched to West Point to occupy and garrison that place on the 24th. On the 26th orders were received to march to Vicks- burg with ten days rations, and the command moved the following day to Choctaw Agency Post-Office, and thence, via Louisville, Carthage, Sharon, Canton, Vernon, and Brownsville, to the neighborhood of Vicksburg, crossing the Big Black River on the 4th of June and camp- ing near the Four Mile Bridge. The Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry moved from West Point via Kingston, Kosciusko, and Benton, reaching Vicks- burg on the 6th of June. It was with difficulty that forage for the command was obtained after leaving Columbus. The guns of the Sec- ond Massachusetts Light Battery were sent from Columbus by railroad to Mobile, to be forwarded, via New Orleans, to Vicksburg, the horses being deemed unable to haul them over the road. I observed, in march- ing through the country, a great difference between the conduct and feelings of the inhabitants who had before been visited by our troops and those who had to a great extent escaped the losses of the war and the ravages attending the passage of troops. In the former case we were treated with comparative respect and civility, while in the latter the people manifested the greatest hatred and defiance toward us, and had no hesitation in insulting our soldiers either by words or actions. They still had confidence in the success of their cause, and declared most emphatically their detestation of the Federal Government and a contempt for its authority. I met very few of either class, more partic- ularly among the wealthy, who did not desire the triumph of the Con- federacy, and submitted only to superior force. I have constantly exerted myself to maintain strict discipline in my command, and any straggling or marauding, whenever it has come to my notice, has been severely punished. Excepting in a few instances where squads of men have stolen from the column and committed depredations, the people have been respectfnlly treated by my troops. I found that many of the paroled soldiers of the Confederate army returning to their homes were constantly committing outrages to a greater or less extent, which acts a majority of the people were ready to attribute to the troops of my command, though a number of citizens admitted that they had suffered in this way from returning Confederates. I send, together with this report, a list of the number of animals turned over by my quartermas- ter to citizens who claimed them to replace others taken from them. A large majority of the animals captured on this march were brought to the column by contrabands leaving their homes. In nearly every instance of negroes coming to the column they have been mounted. Of course the animals were left in the command. T. J. LUCAS, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. S. L. WOODWARD, Asst. Adjt. (len., Cavalry Forces, Department of the Gu~ Page 308 308 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS.~ ALA.~ & W. FLA. No. 93. Report of Lient. Cot. Algernon S. Badger, First Louisiana Cavalry, of operations March 25. HEADQUARTERS FIRST LOUISIANA CAVALRY, In the Field, near Escambia River, Pta., March 26, 1865. SIR: I have the honor to forward the following report of the engage- ment of the 25th instant: My advance, Captain Freemans company (B), came upon the vedettes of the enemy near Cotton Creek. Four of these men were captured. From them the information was elicited that Clantons (rebel) brigade, consisting of the Sixth and Eighth Alabama Cavalry, was in the vicinity. At Cotton Creek the enemy, about 100 strong, and posted behind a breast-work, disputed the crossing. I caused three companies of my command to dismount and advance over the creek. The enemy immediately retired. I pushed forward to Mitchells Creek. The enemy had fired the bridge and otherwise obstructed the crossing, but contrary to my expectations made a feeble resistance at this point. The fire was speedily extinguished and the bridge repaired. I received instructions from General Lucas to advance with my regiment and a battalion of the Second New York Cavalry, under Major Van Voast, as rapidly as possible, and engage the enemy, if I deemed it expedient. About 11 a. m. my advance, under Captain Freeman, came upon the enemy strongly posted on the north bank of Canoe Creek. The force consisted of Clantons brigade, about 600 strong, dismounted and formed in line of battle, commauded by General Clanton in person. Major Ives, with Lieutenant Russells company (A), proceeded to the right flank. I ordered Captain Freeman to charge across the creek and up the opposite bank, and followed with the remainder of my command. It required a few minutes time to close up and form the First Louisiana Cavalry in order to charge. At this time the enemys fire was very heavy. Without waiting for the battalion of the Second New York Cavalry to cross I ordered the First Louisiana to charge. Major Ives at this moment appeared on the right. The regiment swept down upon the enemy, breaking their line instantly. The charge continued about four miles, prisoners being secured all the time. The pursuit continued seven miles, to the Escambia River, where the bridges having been destroyed by the retreating rebels prevented farther pursuit. The vic- tory was complete. The enemy was demoralized to such a degree that arms, clothing, and in fact everything that could impede their flight was thrown away, and scattered along the road and through the woods. The following are some of the results of the affair: Brigadier-General Clanton, commanding, wounded and a prisoner; 18 commissioned offi- cers and 1111 enlisted men prisoners. A battle-flag of the enemy was captured by Private Thomas Riley, Company ID, First Louisiana Cav- alry. A large number of horses, mules, arms, & c., were passed and left on the field by my command and subsequently picked up by other commands. The casualties in my command were Lieut. Alfred Shaf- fer, commanding Company C, First Louisiana Cavalry, killed; Lient. Asa 0. Daniels, wounded severely. Two enlisted men were killed, 2 enlisted men were wounded, 26 horses lost. The number of the enemys killed and wounded I am unable to furnish. I deem it justice to pay a tribute to Lieutenant Shaffer, who was killed at the extreme advance. He was a brave and efficient officer. The regiment can ill afford to lose him. Also Lieutenant Daniels, who continued fighting after bein Page 309 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 309 severely wounded. Of the officers who escaped unharmed I can men- tion no one where all did their duty so well. Major Yan Voast, com- manding battalion Second New York Cavalry, followed as closely as the roads would permit, and would have rendered efficient service in the engagement if his command had been required. I have the honor to be, sir, yonr obedient servant, A. S. BADGER, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding First Louisiana Cavalry. Capt. E. V. HITcH, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 94. Reports of Licut. Col. Andrew B. iS~purling, & cond Maine Cavalry, com manding brigade, of operations March 1926 and April 17. HEADQUARTERS SPECIAL CAVALRY EXPEDITION, Canoe ktation, Ala., March 27, 1865. The following is the report of the recent cavalry expedition into West- ern Florida and Southern Alabama: At 6.30 a. m. Tuesday, March 21,1865, the steamer Matamoras landed at Creiglers Mills, on the east side of the Blackwater River, four miles below Milton, Fla., the last detachment of troops assigned to my com- mand. I immediately commenced moving from Creiglers Mills. The troops composing Special Cavalry Expedition were Second Illinois Cav- alry, 429 enlisted men and 14 officers, Maj. F. Moore commanding; Sec- ond Maine Cavalry, 212 enlisted men and 10 officers, Maj. Charles A. Miller commanding, and First Florida Cavalry, 177 enlisted men and 5 officers, amounting in the aggregate to 847. Capt. E. D. Johnson, of the Second Maine, had been sent to Milton on the 19th with two com- panies of the First Florida. He had driven the enemys pickets toward Pollard, and was holding the place for the purpose of concealing the real movement on the opposite side of the river. He did not move with the column. In order further to deceive the enemy he was instructed to remain at Milton until the colnmn had left Creiglers Mills, then to cross the river at noon and overtake the force as soon as practicable. The direct route to Andalusia, Ala., was taken. The early part of the day was rainy and uncomfortable. The brooks and creeks were swollen by the constant rain. During the whole day the march was through a sandy country, and notwithstanding the bad weather the roads were in fair condition. Nothing of importance occurred during the march of the first day. The command went into camp at 6 p. m. twenty-five miles from Milton. At 5 oclock in the morning March 22 the whole force was again in motion. The weather was cool and pleasant, and as on the former day the march was through a sandy country, well watered, and covered with pine forests. Several rcbels were made prisoners and quite a number of horses and mules captured. I encamped for the night at 6 oclock six miles from Andalusia. During the night the picket brought in two couriers bearing dispatches from a rebel captain, com- mauding at McGowans Bridge, to commanding officer Andalusia to the effect that 2,000 Yankees were advancing from Milton upon that place, and directing that all the people capable of bearing arms be in readi- ness to make resistance. It was also stated that a certain rebel Captain Keyser was retreating in my front, and would be there to assist in giv Page 310 310 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. ing me a warm reception. It was thought that I would reach the place on the evening of the 23d. At 4 oclock in the morning the march was resumed, and at 5.30 oclock I reached Andalusia. No resistance was made whatever. I caused all the arms and ammunition that could be found in the place to be destroyed. The people were generally armed with the Enfield musket. What little property belonged to the rebel Government, aud could be found, was destroyed. I left the place at 8 a. m. and marched toward Evergreen. Met with no opposition during the day, but at night a little after dark, and when six miles from Ever- green, I came suddenly upon three rebels. They attempted to escape and two of them were wounded and all were made prisoners. One of them (wounded) proved to be a Lieutenant Watts, of General Clantons staff, and a son of Governor Watts. A little before midnight I reached the Alabama and Florida IRailroad at a point five miles above Ever- green. I immediately caused the telegraph wires to be cut and the rail- road track to be torn up. At 4.30 a. m. March 24 the train of cars from Pollard came up the road. It was thrown from the track, set on fire, and destroyed. It consisted of 1 locomotive, 1 baggage, 2 passenger, and 4 platform-cars. At 7 oclock the train arrived from Montgomery and was captured and destroyed; 100 soldiers, including 7 commissioned officers were captured on this train. Their destination was Mobile. The train consisted of 1 locomotive, 1 baggage, 4 passenger, and 2 freight cars. There was considerable corn, clothing, & c., in the cars, all of which was destroyed. Having captured and destroyed both trains of cars, I pro- ceeded with my force to Evergreen, where 11 arrived at 11 a. m. Here I obtained an abundance of forage and rations and destroyed some stores. What little rolling-stock was found at the station was burned. I left Evergreen at 2 p. m. en route for Sparta. I reached the station at 4 oclock. All the rolling-stock----six box-carswas destroyed. Some quite important trestle-work on the road was burned, and the depot, filled with stores and warlike material. The command went into camp for the night at Sparta. March 25, the column moved at 5 a. m. on the road leading to Brook- lyn, which place was reached at 11.30 oclock. The march was con- tinued till sundown, when a halt was made twelve miles from Brewton Station. I reached Brewton Station at 11 a. m. on the following day. I found that a part of the planking of the bridge across Muddy Creek had been removed, and it would be necessary to repair the bridge before my force could cross. I sent over an advance guard (dismounted) to see if they could find any enemy. The rebels soon opened fire from behind a small breast-work and then ran away. We were not able to capture them. Lieutenant Vose, of the Second Maine, and two enlisted men of that regiment were slightly wounded. The bridge was repaired, the march resumed, and continued on the direct road to Pollard, which place I reached with my command at 6 p. m. Sunday, March 26, and where I learned of the success and advance of the army. The results of the expedition in the way of prisoners, cap- tured property, & c., which I have with. me, are 120 prisoners, 200 negroes, 250 horses and mules. The conduct of officers and men was at all times good. I do not deem it necessary to make special mention of any one where all have done their duty equally well. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. B. SPUIRLING, Lieutenant- Colonel Second Maine Gavatry, Commanding. Capt. Jowl F. LACEY, As8istant Adjutant- General Page 311 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 311 HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAVALRY BRIGADE, Near Blakely, Ala., April 2, 1865. I have the honor to submit the following report: Pursuant to orders received the evening of the 31st of March, the Second Brigade left Stockton at 5 a. m. April 1, for the purpose of open- ing communication with and joining the U. S. forces operating against Spanish Fort below Blakely. When within seven miles of Blakely my advance guard came in contact with the enemys picket; four of them were captured and one received a saber cut on the head. A short distance farther on other pickets were captured and one mortally wonnded. Five miles from Blakely I came upon the enemy in force. Having satisfied myself that there was no other ronte by which I could get through to communicate with Major-General Canby, nuless I retraced my march for many miles, I concluded to fight. The Second Maine Cavalry was dismounted and deployed on each side of the road to fight on foot. This regiment was moved forward under a brisk fire, which was as briskly returned. The enemy slowly retired before this advance, taking shelter behind fences and everything that could afford protection. They retired in this way for over a mile, contesting every inch of the ground. I had moved the Second Illinois up the road, and kept its advance on a line with the Second Maine, and judging that the favorable opportunity had arrived I charged the enemy with that regi- ment. It was a complete success. His whole force was routed and a portion of it captured. Two companies of the Second Illinois Cavalry pursued the fugitives within half a mile of the enemys works at Blakely, from which a sharp fire was opened with artillery. In all, 74 men were taken prisoners, including 3 commissioned officers. Nearly all of them were members of the Forty-sixth Mississippi Infantry. The colors of that regiment were also captured; 8 horses and mules were taken; 70 stand of arms captured and destroyed. The casualties were: One mortally wounded. lle was so near to the enemys works that he could not be brought off by his comrades. One man slightly wounded in the foot by the explosion of a torpedo. Both of these men belonged to the Second Illinois Cavalry. Four horses of that regiment were killed. After I had whipped the enemy and driven him into his fortifications at Blakely I got my force into a good position to halt, feed, & c., when the main column came up. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. B. SPURLING, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Capt. JOHN F. LACEY, Assistant Adjutant- Generat. HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAVALRY BRIGADE, Near Blakely, Ala., April 7, 1865. I have the honor to inform the general commanding that I made a scout this morning in the direction of Stockton. I had with me for the occasion about thirty men, all well mounted. When eight miles from camp, I received information that a small squad of rebel cavalry was in the immediate vicinity, and must be in close proximity to me. I soon discovered them drawn up in a cross-road. They were routed, 1 of their number killed and 2 severely wounded. I pursued the fugitives for a long distance. Nine rebels in all were made prisoners; all their arms, equipments, & c., were captured, and the arms were destroyed Page 312 312 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. Eight horses were also captured. Among the prisoners were two com- missioned officers, a captain and a lieutenant. They belonged to ~ command, and were lurking about in the rear of our army to capture stragglers and small foraging parties that might be sent into the country. There were no casualties iu my own force. I returned to camp at 4 p. in., bringing with me the prisoners, horses, & c. Only four of the whole squad (numbering fourteen) which I encountered made their escape. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. B. SPUIRLING, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Capt. E. V. HITCH, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 95. Report of Miaj. Franklin Moore, Second Illinois Cavalry, of operations March 1828. CAMP SECOND ILLINOIS CAVALRY, March 29, 1865. SIit: In pursuance of orders received I make the following report of the part my regiment took in the late expedition commanded by Colonel Spurling: Ordered to report to Colonel Spurling by General Steele at Barrancas, Fla., 18th of March. My regiment arrived at Creiglers Mills the 19th of March. 21st of March, broke camp at 7 a. m. Nothing of importance transpired. Passed Andalusia 23d of March. Crossed the Conecuh River, Pigeon Creek, and Sepalter River on the 24th of March. Arrived at Gravel Station, being ordered with a portion of my command to destroy the railroad, which I did effectually; my pioneers remaining until the train ran off the track, capturing twelve prisoners. Remained near Gravel Station with my regiment and a portion of the Second Maine Cavalry, while Colonel Spurling continued march to Evergreen, my regiment and Second Maine still waiting for the train expected from Montgomery. I placed a portion of my command between the train already captured and Montgomery to place obstructions on the track to prevent the retreat of the train in case of discovery of the wrecked train, which was done. The train arrived and was captured with 170 prisoners, a portion of which were citizens and paroled soldiers, which were afterward released by order of Colonel Spurliug. The rebels fired on my regiment, killing one horse and wounding another. My regiment returned the fire, killing one man who was trying to make Pus escape. The train was loaded with clothing, grain, horses, mail, tobacco, & c. Burned everything and resumed march; joined Colonel Spurling at Evergreen at 11 a in., one company of my regiment guarding the pris- oners until my arrival at brigade. Crossed Murder Creek; arrived at Big Muddy at 11 a. m. The advance crossed to procure plank to repair the bridge which had been torn up, when they were fired on and retreated, Colonel Spurling ordering me to dismount my regiment and advance through the woods as skirmishers, which I did. But find- ing no enemy, which fled after delivering their fire, repaired bridge and ~ontiuned march. Crossed Burnt Corn River. Passed Pollard and crossed the Little Escambia River 27th. Continued march; crosse Page 313 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 313 Big Escambia by building bridge; turned prisoners over at Canoe Station 28th of March; my regiment taking the advance every third day. Respectfully, your obedient servant, Capt. E. V. HITCH. FRANK MOORE, Major, Commanding Regiment. No. 96. Medals of Honor awarded for distinguished services under Resolution of Congress, No. 43, approved July 12, 1862, and section 6 of Act of Congress approved March 3, 1863. Name. Rank and organization. Date. Awarded for. 1865. Bras, Edgar A Sergeant, Company K, 8th Iowa Apr. 8 Capture of flag at Spanish Fort, Infantry. Ala. Callahan, John H Private, Company B, 1224 liii- Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. nois Infantry. Dorley, August Private, Company B, 1st Loui- Apr. 11 Capture of flag at Mount Pleas. siana Cavalry, ant, Ala. McConnell, SamueL - Captain Company H, 119th liii- Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. nois Infantry. Merriam, Henry C - - lieutenant- eel one 1734 U.S. Col- Apr. 9 Distinguished gallantry at the ored Troops. assault and capture of Fort Blakely, Ala. Miller, Henry A Captain Company B, 8th Illinois Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. Infantry. Pentzer, Patrick IL. Captain Company C, 97th Illi- Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. nois Infantry. Rebman, George F Sergeant, Company B, 119th liii. Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. nois Infantry. Riley, Thomas Private, Company ID, 1st Loul- Apr. 4 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. siana Cavalry. Stickels, Joseph Sergeant, Company A, 81d Ohio Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. Infantry. vifquain, victor Lieutenant-colonel 97th Illinois Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. Infantry. Wheaton, Loyd Lieutenant-colonel 8th Illinois Apr. 9 Distinguished gallantry at the as- Infantry. sault upon Fort Blakely, Ala. Whitmore, John Private, Company F, 119th liii- Apr. 9 Capture of flag at Blakely, Ala. nois Infantry. No. 97. Report of Brig. Gen. Randall L. Gibson, C. S. Army, commanding forces on Eastern Shore of Mobile Bay, of operations March 23April 11. - MERIDIAN, MIss., April 16, 1865. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper. ations of the forces under my command on the eastern shore of Mobile Bay: On the 23d of March I was ordered by Major-General Maury, com manding District of the Gulf, to report with my brigade to Brig. Gen. St. John R. Liddell, at Blakely, and by him directed to move toward Deer Park, near Fish River, and with two regiments of ~ brigade, Col. Bush Jones commanding, and Col. P. B. Spences cavalry to hold the enemy in observation. The following day I disposed these troops for this purpose, and early the next morning the enemy moved in force on the Durant road toward Sibleys Mills, about two miles to the east beyond Spanish Fort in the direction of Blakely. I had selected a line of battle on the north side of DOlives Creek, intendin Page 314 314 KY.,SW~A TENN N& 0. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. to dispute its passage and develop him, having already thrown my small cavalry force upon his flanks with orders to harass him. At this point the major-general commanding District of the Gulf came up to offer battle with his whole force, but in consequence of the rapid movement of the enemy to our left and rear, as above indicated, the larger portion of the troops were ordered to Blakely under Brigadier. General Liddell, and my instructions were to assume immediate com- mand of the defenses of Spanish Fort. Set apart for this purpose were Brig. Gen. Bryan M. Thomas brigade of Alabama Reserves, about 950 muskets strong; (Jol. Isaac W. Pattons artillery, 360 effect- ives, and my own brigade of 500 rifles, Col. F. L. Campbell command. ing. Batteries Huger and Tracy likewise constituted a part of this general command, and the garrisons in them, nuder Maj. Wash. Marks, Twenty-second Louisiana Artillery, formed Pattons artillery, but are not included in the above estimate, for though they rendered valuable services, they only furnished occasional re-euforcements in defense of the field-works near the water battery called Spanish Fort. Upon examination I discovered the line of defense to be about 3,500 yards long, inclosing a battery of four heavy guns in Spanish Fort overlook- ing the bay, and strengthened by three redoubts, so located that they commanded very well the right and center of the positiou. The whole artillery consisted of six heavy guns, fourteen field pieces, and twelve Coehorn mortars. Several additional guns were received dur- ing the operations. Of this line there were 400 yards on the ex- treme right, in front of which the forest had been cut down, but no defensive works constructed; about 350 yards in the cepter, across a deep ravine, in front of which was only a slight curtain partially complete, and about 600 yards on the extreme left with no works of any kind, and the dense forest covering that flank untouched. The three redoubts gave no mutual support, with the exception of two guns in Itedoubts 2 and 3, and no cross-fire could be obtained. The main line from Redoubt 3 was retired without any deviation, and the left flank was thrown back and fell off into such low ground that artillery could not be used to any extent along its front as in a regularly laid out cr6maill~re. The works from Redoubt 3 were placed so far back on the retreating slope that the infantry could only command its crest, but not the ravine beyond; and generally, from the center to the extreme left flank, the enemys line was upon the highest ground. Such was the extent and incomplete condition of the defenses at.Spanish Fort when, on assuming command, I carefully inspected them. It was apparent that an immense work with the spade, pick, and ax was before us, and that some decisive measure must be adopted to pre- vent the large army already upon our front from coming upon us vig- orously or by an onset. At once the main body was disposed along the rifle-pits and set hard at work, though there was quite a deficiency of tools. Special parties were detailed to lay off a long line of battle as far in advance of the position as they could go, and to make camp-fires along its whole length; and other devices were employed to create an exaggerated impression of our numbers, and to conceal the exact locality of our positions. To gain time, and by show of confidence and boldness to make the enemy cautious, I resolved to attack him before daylight the next morning. Lieut. Col. II. II. Lindsay with 550 men in gallant style charged his lines, surprised and drove in his skirmishers, captur- ing a few prisoners and a large number of arms and accouterments, and was only recalled after the enemy was revealed in a heavy and extende Page 315 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 315 order of battle. Our object seemed to be accomplished, for it was not until late in the evening that he advanced f and making no assault, invested our , eeling his way cautiously, defenses. My scouts had reported two corps darm6e in front of us (the Thirteenth and Sixteenth), Major- General Canby commanding. From information derived from the prisoners, and from drawings and maps captured with one of the engi- neers of the Sixteenth Corps, J estimated the force to be not less than 20,000 muskets strong; perhaps much larger. On his firstadvance he succeeded at some points in pushing his skirmishers to within 200 yards; on the center and right he was driven back. Our artillery fire was reserved until his light batteries came well up, when it was sud- denly opened, and it appeared to be with decided effect. On the left the ground was more favorable to the enemy, and to this fact and the want of works may be ascribed the nearness with which he was enabled to establish himself On the right and center he was held at bay to the very close of the operations, nor did lie at any time gain any decided advantage without severe contests and heavy losses. He sat down before us and developed rapidly a system of regular approaches by parallels. He gradually converted his advanced lines into heavy works, and after the first week displayed an exceedingly large arma- ment of artillery. The absolute necessity of first completing our lines and the smallness of my force prevented the attenipt to meet his approaches by any system of advance. There was a great deficiency of tools. Spades, axes, and every available instrument that could be of service in any way, were kept busy night and day from the com- mencement to the close. In the first days of the investment (the third, I believe) Thomas bri- gade of Alabama Reserves was relieved by lloltzclaws and Ectors bri- gades, both together exceeding Thomas by about 100 muskets. Large detachments from these commands did not rejoin them. While the transfer was being made my force was greatly swollen, but the troops were for the most part out of position awaiting transportation. Sick- ness and constant heavy details diminished the number of muskets. For the first ten days my artillery, aided by well-trained sharpshooters, was able to cope with that of the enemy, sometimes silencing his guns, and often broke up his working parties in handsome style; but after this time it was evident, from his overwhelming resources in men and guns, that it would be impossible with the means at my disposal to arrest his gradual advance. While he was steadily digging up to our front and flanks, his fleet kept up a well-directed and heavy fire in our rear, and mortars dropped over the entire surface shells of the largest size; his batteries in rear of his right flank bombarded Batteries linger and Tracy, exposing our communication, and sweeping the woody flat upon the left flank, enfiladed for several hundred yards that part of the line, and took in reversethe center and rightthe batteries and rifle-pits, so his batteries in front of Redoubt McDermott, No 2, looked down upon our whole right, and took in reverse the left center and left. Our works were shaped a good deal like a horseshoe pressed open, and those batteries at the toe and heels could command every part of the line, and these batteries were of the weightiest metal. An expedition between us and Blakely in Bay Minette was daily growing more formi- dable, and it became necessary to guard our water flanks by picket- boats, and to dispose a considerable force to protect our rear and the telegraph lines and the headway against his fleet and barges. Several attempts were made by concentrated bombardment from day to day to demoralize the troops, with the intention to take advantage of any aec Page 316 3113 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. dent, and likewise repeated efforts to advance his lines without digging, but in each instance he was repulsed with a loss proportioned to the vigor of the attack. At one time he established himself very close to Redoubt 2, and it became necessary, in order to hold this battery and use it effectively, to dislodge him. It was designed to make a general attack on his part of the line to the extreme right, and Capt. Clement S. Watson, my inspector-g~nera1, led the sortie in front of the battery,, and was com- pletely successful. This party captured three times their own number of the enemy under cover of our artillery, and the moral effect was still more important, for it inspired our troops with a bolder spirit and the enemy with increased caution. After this the enemy guarded carefully against sudden dashes, and though frequent combats at particular points took place, and a few more sorties were contemplated, none could be undertaken with a reasonable prospect of success. II found by the 8th of April that all my artillery was about silenced that the enemy had largely increased his; that his working parties, greatly re-enforced at everypoint and carefullyprotected against sorties, were pushing forward at a rate that would bring them up to our main works; that the pressure upon my flanks, especially the left, was so heavy that it would take my whole force to resist it successfully; that his preparations of launches in the Bay of Minette had assumed formidable proportions; and, finally, that there was unusual activity and movements in his lines. I deter- mined to develop the situation, to discover as accurately as possible his strength and intentions, and to measure our ability for further defense. It was apparent from his superiority in heavy guns and numbers and the nearness of his approach at several points, that unless extraordinary re-enforcements could be had, the moment had at length arrived when I could no longer hold the position without imminent risk of losing the garrison. Not an officer or man had taken any unbroken rest, except such as they could snatch while on duty in the main works. When there was no fighting there was digging, cutting, moving ammunition, taking down and putting up heavy guns, and repairing damages, and extending the main lines. Two weeks of constant work, night and day, with the musket and spade, failed to discourage, but could not fail to fatigue and jade, the troops. Just at sunset, therefore, all the batteries were ordered to open, and the skirmishers and parts even of the main line to keep up a brisk fire, and all officers to observe the enemy closely, and to hold themselves in readines~ for any contingency. My artillery was soon disabled and silenced, and the fire from his advanced lines showed them to be well filled with menstrong lines of battle. Shortly after dark, while the firing was very heavy from all points, and especially upon the flanks, the enemy broke through the line on the extreme left, completely turned the flank of the main works, and captured some of the men in them. He was enabled to do this, for the ground here was covered with water, a marshy and densely wooded fiat, and it had been impossible to get earth to throw up works or to make any covering for our men. A battery from an elevated point on the enemys line, just in front of this flat, swept through it and rendered it almost untenable. He was at once attacked with the force disposed in advance for this very cou~ingency, and the moment General Holtzclaw gave the informa- tion, re-enforcements were hastened to him with orders to drive back the enemy by a front and flank attack. The general reported his force not sufficient for this purpose, and there was some confusion among the troops on the extreme left; that in the dark woods and fallen timber the ~ieces~ary disposition could not be made, and that the enemy was ce Page 317 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 317 tainly in overwhelming strength. My staff officers and scouts brought similar intelligence. Col. F. L. Campbell, commanding Gibsons bri- gade, was at once withdrawn from the right and directed to dispose a part of his command in skirmish order around the enemy, and to post the rest as a rear guard at the headway, so as to hold and secure the retreat. They at once drove back the advancing line of the enemy, and so strong and vigorous were these attacks that they soon compelled his overwhelming and constantly swelling forces to assume the defensive. He set to work to intrench. Our left might have been thrown back and re-established, but the labor for such an undertaking was altogether beyond our ability. Moreover, he had advanced several hundred yards in rear of our works, and the probability arose almost to a certainty that, as soon as he discovered where he really was, a general assault would be ordered; and he surely would ascertain this fact either during the night, or beyond all question at daylight. His lodgment, too, when developed, would have enabled him to cut off retreat. I determined, therefore, to withdraw my troops. My standing orders from Maj. Gen. B. H. Maury, commanding District of the Gulf, had been not to hold Spanish Fort for a moment after the garrison was in danger of capture; not to risk, in the defense of ami outpost, forces intended to occupy and defend the stronghold and the works around Mobile. It was always a difficult and delicate task to decide, but I thought the moment had at length arrived, contemplated by my instructions, when, however pain. ful to the devoted defenders, the position had to be given up. The guns were ordered to be spiked, and time was allowed for this purpose; the few remaining stores were issued; the sick and wounded were carefully removed; the infirmary corps and several hundred negroes who arrived that evening to be employed in the defense, and, finally, in good order, the whole garrison was withdrawn. The retreat was along a narrow treadway, about eighteen inches wide, which ran from a small penin- sula from the left flank across the river, and over a broad marsh to a deep c~iannel opposite Battery Huger. lt was about 1,200 yards long, and wa~ commanded throughout by the enemy~s heavy batteries in front of our lift flank. It was concealed by the high grass and covered with moss, and the troops pulled off their shoes, and thus, in a noiseless nlanm4er, succeeded in retiring without attracting the attention of the enemy. The night was rather dark and the movement could not be hurried. From the end of the treadway they were conveyed in light boats to Battery Huger, and thence to Blakel~i in steamers, except a few under Col. Bush Jones, who was directed to go up the marsh to Blakely. My scouts had already moved along this route with a view of ascertaining whether it was practicable. This was necessary in order to enable all the troops to get beyond range of the enemys batteries before daylight. From Blakely they were ordered to Mobile by the major-general commanding District of the Gulf. I regret to report that some of the skirniishers, in spite of the pre- cautions taken and the ample time given, and the pointed inquiries made on the occasion, and the vigilance of brigade commanders and staff officers, which I did not fail to observe, were left upon the lines. The officers in command reported all their men called in and safe. It is to be hoped and presumed that these accidents will be satisfactorily - explained. I deeply deplore the capture of even a part of these brave men. I desire to express in the strongest terms my admiration of the steady valor and cheerful endurance of the officers and members of Ectors, Holtzclaws, and Gibsons brigades, as well as of Pattons arti Page 318 318 KY., S. W. VA., TENTh, N. & C. GA, MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. lery. I thank them for their zealous co-operation and soldierly bear- ing: Brig. Gen. J. T. lloltzclaw, commanding the left wing; Col. J. A. Andrews, commanding Ectors brigade; Col. Bush Jones, commanding Holtzclaws brigade; Col. F. L. Campbell, commanding Gibsons bri- gade; Col. Frank C. Zacharie; Col. Isaac W. Patton, commanding the artillery, and also Brig. Geii. Bryan M. Thomas and Col. D. E. Huger, of the Alabama Reserves. The artillery, under command of Patton, assisted by Marks, Slocomb, Barnes, Th6ard, Massenburg, Wells, Phil- lips, Chalaron, Leverich, Garrity, Hawkins, and their associated officers, was handled with skill and courage, and rendered valuable services not only oii land, but against the fleet. Three vessels were believed to be sunk during the operations. I desire to make my special acknowledg- ment to the major-general commanding District of the Gulf, and to his staff officers, particularly to yourself and Colonels Lockett and Elmore, of the engineers. I may be pardoned for commending the intelligence and efficiency of my own staff officers: Capt. C. S. Watson, inspector- general; Capt. George Norton, adjutant-general; Lieuts. Cartwright Eustis and S. L. Ware, my aides-de-camp; Maj. W. V. Crouch, commis- sary; Maj. J. H. Henshaw, quartermaster, and Capt. W. P. Richardson, ordnance officer, were energetic and untiring. The medical department, in charge of Surgs. J. S. Holt and J. F. Fryar, was conducted in a man- nex highly creditable to them and their confri~res. The Reverend Father Turgis shared our dangers and hardships, and gave the conso- lation of religion whenever the occasion offered along the trenches and in the hospital. I must refer you to the reports of my subordinate offi- cers for the details of their operations. The losses reported up to the evacuation were 73 killed, 350 wounded, and about half a dozen missing. I have not been able to get the exact number of casualties on the even- ing of the evacuation. I estimate our loss to have been about 20 killed and 45 wounded, and 250 captured, making a total loss of 93 killed, 395 wounded, and 250 missing, out of a force of less than 2,000 men, contending for two weeks against two corps darm~e and a large fleet, with over seventy-five cannon on land and nearly as many on waker. We had no means of estimating the exact loss or strength of the enemy, but from every indication he largely exceeded 20,000 mus- kets, and his loss must have reached 2,500. Among the killed were Colonel Burnet, chief of artillery of the District of the Gulf who fell while examining the enemys lines. His loss was greatly lamented by all of us, who knew and admired him as a skillful soldier and accom- plished gentleman. Lieut. A. G. Clark, of my staff, commandant of the post, was killed while charging at the head of the garrison guard to dis- lodge the enemy when he had turned the left flank. Louisiana has not lost during the war a truer man or a more thorough-going soldier. The list might be prolonged, for, with the position, we left behind, filling soldiers graves, many of the bravest and best; and if any credit shall attach to the defense of Spanish Fort, it belongs to the heroes whose sleep shall iio more be disturbed by the cannons roar. I have the honor to remain, your obedient servant, R. L. GIBSON, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. P. W. FLOWEEREE, Assistant Adjutant- General, District of the Gu~t P. S.I have been constantly occupied, most of the time on horse- back, and some of the officers have been absent. This may account for any inaccuracies. R.L.UT Page 319 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 319 AD DENDA. Farewell address of Brig. Gen. P. L. Gibson to the Louisiana Brigade after the terms of surrender had been agreed upon between Lieut. Gen. Richard Taylor, C. S. Army, and YJi~j. Gen. 13. R. S. Canby, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS GIBSONS BRIGADE, Near Meridian, Miss., May 8, 1865. FELLOW-SOLDIERS: For more than four years we have shared together the fortunes of war. Throughout all the scenes of this eventful revolution you have been fully tried, and now retire with the consciousness of having achieved a character for discipline, for valor, and for unselfish patriot- ism of which you may be justly proud. There is nothing in your career to look back upon with regret. You have always been in front of the enemy; you have never feasted in soft places at the rear, nor fought your battles at comfortable firesides. Your banners are gar- landed with the emblems of every soldierly virtue. More than twenty battle-fields have seen them unfrirled. They were never lowered save over the bier of a comrade. Forget not the good and true men who have fallen. No sculptured marble may perpetuate the memory of their services, but you will wear their names ever green in your hearts, and they will be enshrined forever in the affections of the Southern people, in whose cause they fell. Comrades, henceforth other duties will devolve upon you. Adversities can only strengthen the ties that bind you to your country and increase the obligations you owe to her inter. ests and her honor. As soldiers, you have been among the bravest and most steadfast, and as citizens, be law abiding, peaceable, and indus- trious. You have not surrendered and will never surrender your self- respect and love of country. You separate not as friends, but brethren whom common hopes, mutual trials, and equal disasters have made kinsmen. Hereafter you shall recount to your children, with conscious pride, the story of these rugged days, and you will always greet a comrade of the old brigade with open arms. Having commanded a company and regiment in the brigade, I have known many of you from the very beginning of the struggle, have been with you through all its varied fortunes, and offer to each one of you a grateful and affectionate farewell. May God bless you. R. L. GIBSON, Brigadier. General, Commanding. No. 98. Report of Lient. John W. Bennett, C. S. Navy, commanding Steamer Yashville, of operations March 27April 11. C. S. STEAMER NASHVILLE, Demopolis, Ala., April 25, 1865. SIR: In obedience to your order of yesterdays date I have the honor to make a detailed report of the part taken by the Nashville, under my command, in the operations against the enemy near Spanish Fort and at Blakely. The better to understand these varied movements I will record them in the form of a diary: The Nashville left her station near obstructions in Spanish River on the morning of March 27 and arrived at Blakely at S a. m. During the forenoon I communicated with Generals Maury and Liddell, who desired the ship placed near the bridge oye~- Minette River, which ha Page 320 320 KY., S W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. been partially destroyed by our forces, and of which the enemy wished to possess themselves. The ship was moored below near Battery Tracy. No evidence of the enemy near the bridge could be seen. Spanish Fort and its intrenchments at this time were invested by the enemy. Yon were on board the ship when a dispatch was received about ip. m. from General Maury, then in Spanish Fort, asking the Morgan to pass obstructions at Battery Huger and shell the enemys right. The Mor- gan was not present. An hour later another dispatch of the same tenor, but more pressing, nrged the Morgan to go to the assistance of General Gibsons left, he being heavily pressed on that part of his line. It was doubtful whether this ship could pass the obstructions. The pilot was sent to make examination; he reported twelve feet water and width sufficient. Got under way immediately and essayed the passage. Ship grounded at the junction of the Apalachee and Blakely and remained immovable till the afternoon of the 29th, being bound on the sands by the currents of the two rivers, one acting on the bow the other on the quarter with great force. March 30, at anchor between Huger and Tracy. General Liddell visited the ship and directed us where he wished our shots placed. Opened upon the enemys right with good effect, upon their line of skirmishers and sharpshooters, and also driving out twice a working party from intrenchments in course of construction on their extreme right, and distant about 3,200 yards. During the night fired an occasional shell along the investment. Boats employed at night removing wounded from Spanish Fort. March 31, at 8 a.m. enemys batteries of 30-pounder Parrotts opened upon us. These guns were planted near the shore of Minette Bay, about half way between the bridge and the right of their line. These works had been observed by us as soon as the mist permitted the view, and had been partially unmasked during the night. As soon as observed preparation was made to shell them, and the discovery immediately communicated to the commanding officer at Huger. The enemy anticipated me by about fifteen minutes, and opened a rapid and accurate fire upon this ship, in the midst of which we had to weigh our anchor, no gun bearing upon the position. By the time the anchor was up they had our range exactly. We responded with a few shots, but finding our elevation inefficient to reach, we steamed a little above Tracy and anchored beyond range. The ship was struck eight times, but without serious injury. Boats employed during the night removing wounded from Spanish Fort. The after gun carriage being disabled, and a serious leak in one of the boilers~ made it necessary for the ship to proceed to Mobile for repairs. During April 1 and 2 repaired the injuries mentioned. April 3, returned to Blakely River, communicated with General Liddell (who sent an officer on board to indicate points he wished shelled), and established a signal station below bluff to report effect of fire. Opened on enemys right at Blakely at 1 oclock and continued till 5 p. m. with good effect, as reported by signal and indicated by cheers from our lines. Fired during the night at intervals of an hour. Ship lying in Blakely near Raft River. April 4, during the day and night fired occasionally into enemys lines by request of general commanding. Signal officer not at station, as arranged between the general and naval forces. April 5, moved ship over to the point between Raft and Upper Tensas Rivers, so that our guns would bear at anchor. Both in the forenoon and afternoon fired upon enemys lines, and also at a point in tIme woods where we supposed they were erecting a battery. Sent General Liddell a boat for special service. Fired an occasional shot during the night. April 0, fired a few shots at the enemys line of sharpshooter Page 321 THE MOBILE CAMPAIGN. 321 and pickets at request of general commanding. Our ammunition nearly exhausted. Sent requisition in time for our necessities, but owing to some untoward event could not get it. Received communication from General Liddell urging me to take position on the left flank of General Gibson at once for the purpose of protecting it, and throwing out launches in direction of Bay Minette, protecting our telegraphic com- munication with Spanish Fort, & c. This was received after dark. I had already sent two armed boats on this service. At 11.45 p. m. I anchored the ship near Tracy. April 7, underway at daylight and anchored off Blakely to procure ammunition. Received in the forenoon partially damaged, particularly the fuses. Sent two largest boats at sunset to General Liddell armed. Returned to Tracy at sunset and sent picket-boat to Minette Bay. Launch returned from secret service during the night. Sent her at midnight to report to General Gibson at Spanish Fort. April 8, underway at daylight; proceeded to Blakely, and thence to junction of Raft and Upper Tensas Rivers at request of commanding general. At 7 a. m. heavy firing of artillery and small- arms all along the lines at Blakely. At 8 opened upon the enemys right in conjunction with Morgan and Huntsville. About 2 p. ni. the enemy opened upon us from batteries masked by the trees at about 1,600 yards. We could only direct our fire by their smoke. The Morgan was obliged soon to retire much damaged. The Nashville continued the action until she had exhausted all her 12-pounder car- tridges and fuses of required length. Although not struck by a single projectile, their fire being principally directed at the Morgan, I deemed it prudent to retire for the purpose of procuring and arranging ammunition. We fired this day seventy 7-inch shells. Anchored at 7 oclock off Blakely. At the request of General Maury the ship was moved after dark to Tracy and boats sent to Spanish Fort to report to General Gibson. At 9 I received a communication from Major Marks informing me of the evacuation of Spanish Fort and asking assistance. Sent every available boat and got under way, placing the ship between Huger and Tracy to cover the troops on the treadway and in the marsh, and to offer her as a target to the enemys batteries. Some shots were fired by them, but, I believe, without injury to the troops after leaving the mainland. I did not return this fire for reason that the garrison were passing between us and near the ship, and also that I feared to fire our shells over our men because of the frequent crushing of shells by the concussion of discharge. I Will here remark that very many of the shells of 7-inch Brooke were broken at moment of discharge, and the fragments fell like canister or grape from 50 to 500 yards off. Many others failed to take the rifle motion and became mere ~ of course falling far short of the desired aim. Also many fuses failed to burn. Hence it is not strange that I should report our firing during the whole of these operations, but particularly to-day at Blakely, much inferior to that of the enemy, the accuracy of whose projectiles, both in flight and fuse, was the admiration of all who witnessed~ it. The better to insure the rifle motion I used some 14-pound charges, but I found the forward carriages would not stand it. The bushing in vent of after gun was blown out this morning whilst in action. It had been cut too shortin the first instance at foundry. After some trouble I had it secured in its place, though a little below the exterior surface of the gun. April 9, after seeing the garrisoii safely removed from the eastern bank of the river, which was effected before daylight, the Nashville was anchored off Blakely in the entrance of Tensas, where she remained during the day waiting for ammunition, as she had but few shells on 21 R RYOL XLIX, PT Page 322 322 KY., s. w. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., Mrss;, ALA., & W. FLA. board. From 5.30 to 6.30 p. m. a continuous discharge of artillery and small-arms, mingled with loud cheers, was heard along the whole line of intreuchments. A few minutes before this a request from General Liddell was brought me by Lieutenant-Commanding Myers that I would anchor the ship at a point in the Blakely River he indicated and open upon the enemys right. This could not be complied with because of the current at that point and the absence of holding-ground, and also for the reasou that I should much endanger the men of our extreme left from the uncertainty of our shells. Whilst discussing this question with Captain Myers, who agreed with me in the impolicy of the maneuver, the assault was made. As soou as I discovered the enemy gaining upon our position, as indicated by the firing and cheer. ing, I moved the ship close to the Blakely shore and rescued such of the garrison as were able to float themselves off. Learning from some one of the refugees that General Liddell was on the beach seeking to escape, I dispatched the gig, under command of Passed-Midshipman Carrall, to the point indicated, but, unhappily, before the boat could reach the shore the enemys sharpshooters were at the water. It was inexpressibly painful to me to abandon the attempt of his rescue. The boats of the squadron rescued from the water between 150 and 200 of the garrison. Afterward we anchored at mouth of Tensas River, being unable to pass its bar at night. Received ammunition at 10 oclock. I reported to you in person at midnight at Mobile. April 10, at daylighf moved ship to Conways Bayou to guard rear of Batteries Tracy and Huger; communicated with Colonel Patton, and stated my instructions. April 11, received coal from transport King. At 3p. rn. the Morgan relieved us. Got nuder way and anchored at head of Spanish River; received crews and material from the Huntsville and Tuscaloosa. At 11 p. m. the Nashville was under way steaming up Mobile River. During the investment of Spanish Fort and Blakely, a period of about two weeks, the officers and men of my command were much taxed in their endurance by constant labor, but which was per- formed with zeal and cheerfulness. Frequently under fire, their bearing was always admirable. To the executive officer, Lieutenant Harrison, and to Lieutenant Fendall, commanding marines, I am under especial obligations for their intelligent assistance and cordial co-operation. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. W. BENNETT, Lieutenant- Commanding. Flag-Officer E. FARRAND, Commanding Naval Forces, cfr. MARCH 20, 1865.Skirmish at Ringgold, Ga. Report of Brig. Gen. Henry itt. Judah, U. S. Army. DALTON, March 20, 1865. The following received from Ringgold: My pickets have been attacked. Guerrillas have withdrawn; expect an attack before daylight in morning. Send re-enforcements if convenient. A. CH[NIQUY. The above dispatch is just received. I send five companies of One hundred and fifty-first Illinois at once. H. M. JUDAH, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. S. B. Mon, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 323 EXPEDITION INTO WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 323 MARCH 21APRIL 25, 1865.Expedition from East Tennessee into South western Virginia and Western North Carolina. SUIIMARY OF TEUE PRIINCIPAL 7ZENTS. Mar. 28, 1865.Skirmish at Boone, N. C. 29, 1865.Skirmish at Wilkesborough, N. C Apr. 3, 1865.Skirmish near Hiflsville, Va. 6, 1865.Action at Wytheville, Va. 8, 1865.Action at Martinsyille, N. C. 11, 1865.Skirmish at Shallow Ford, N. C. Skirmish near Mocksville, N. C. - 12, 1865.Skirmish at Grants Creek, near Salisbury, N. C. Engagement at Salisbury, N. C. Union troops occupy Salisbury, N. C. 17, 1865.Action at the Catawba River, near Morganton, N. C. 22, 1865.Skirmish at Howards Gap, Blue Ridge Mountains, N. C. 23, 1865.Action near Hendersonville, N. C. T~EPOIRTS, ETC.* No. 1.Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, commanding District of East Tennessee. No. 2.Organization of Troops in the District of East Tennessee, commanded by Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, March 31. No. 3.Lieut. Theodore Mallaby, jr., Signal Corps, U. S. Army, Chief Signal Officer. District of East Tennessee, of operations March 20May 30. No. 4.Brig. Gen. Alvan C. Gillem, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division, District of East Tennessee, of operations March 21April 25. No. 5.Brig. Gen. Davis Tillson, U. S. Army, commanding Fourth Division, Depart- ment of the Cumberland, of operations March 22May 17. No. 1. Report of ]Jliaj. Gen. George ~3toneman, U. S. Army, commanding District of East Tennessee. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Nashville, April 18, 1865. Major-General HALLECK, Washington: I forward the following report from Major-General Stoneman, just received, for the information of the Secretary of War and the lieuten- ant-general, and take pleasure in specially inviting their attention to the importance of the work performed by General Stoneman, who in spirit fully executed the orders given him before starting on the expedition. The officers specially mentioned by General Stoneman, Major Keogh, Captains Morrow, Ammen, and Chamberlain, have here- tofore on many occasions distinguished themselves by gallantry and good conduct in battle. GEG. II. THOMAS, Major- General, U. S. Army, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF EAST TENNESSEE, In the Field, Camp at Statesville, N. C., April 13, 1865. I have the honor to report the following as the result of our oper- ations since my last dispatch from Boone, N. C.: From Boone it became necessary to cross the Blue Ridge onto the Yadkiii River in order to obtain supplies for men and horses. There * See also General Thomas report, p. 342, and for General Shermans reference to these operations, see Vol. XLVII, Part I, p. 29 Page 324 324 KY., S. W. VA., TENN., N. & C. GA., MISS., ALA., & W. FLA. we were detained three days by a freshet. From thence we struck for Christiansburg. On the route I detached Colonel Miller with a portion of his brigade to Wytheville, and Major Wagner with a portion of the Fifteenth Pennsylvania, Palmers brigade, to Big Lick. These three points were struck almost simultaneously. Colonel Miller attacked, and after some hard fighting captured Wytheville, destroyed the depot of supplies at that point, and also at Max Meadows