TITLE: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. / Series 1 - Volume 43 (Part I) AUTHOR: United States. War Dept., John Sheldon Moody, Calvin Duvall Cowles, Frederick Caryton Ainsworth, Robert N. Scott, Henry Martyn Lazelle, George Breckenridge Davis, Leslie J. Perry, Joseph William Kirkley PUBLISHER: Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1893 Page A Production Note Cornell University Library produced this volume to preserve the informational content of the deteriorated original. The best available copy of the original has been used to create this digital copy. It was scanned bitonally at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using ITU Group 4 compression. Conversion of this material to digital files was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Digital file copyright by Cornell University Library 1995. This volume has been scanned as part of The Making of America Project, a cooperative endeavor undertaken to preserve and enhance access to historical material from the nineteenth century. Page B -v -i ~0tndI ~uivetsit~ ~ibvav~ THE GIFT OF 4i7t~A4~ .5~~ciLcL/5vc~omrk~ 4770 Title Page Page R001 TIlE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF THE OFFICIAL IIRECOBDS OF THU UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF The Hon. DANIEL S. LAMONT, Secretary of War, By MAJ. GEORGE B. DAVIS, U. S. A., MR. LESLIE J. PERRY, MR. JOSEPH XV. KLRKLEY, Board of Publication. SERIES IVOLUME XLIIIIN TWO PARTS. PA hT 1IReport s, Correspondence, etc. WA~ll1NGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1893 Page R002 / G~77O~ Page R003 PREFACE. The work of preparing the records of the war for public use was begun under the resolution of Congress of May 19, 1864, by Adjt. Gen. E. ID. Townseud, U. S. Army, who caused copies to be made of reports of battles on file in his office and steps to be taken to collect missing records. Under the provisions of joint resolution No. 91, of 1866, Hon. Peter H. Watson was appointed to supervise the preparation and formulate a plan for the publication of the records, but he did no work and drew 110 pay under this appointment, which expired July 27, 1868, by limi- tation of the resolution. This resolution also repealed the former one and work ceased. The first decisive step taken in this work was the act of June 23, 1874, providing the necessary means to enable the Secretary of War to begin the publication of the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, both of the Union and Confed~rate Armies, and directing him to have copied for the Public Printer all reports, letters, tele- grams, aimd general orders, not heretofore copied or printed, and prop. erly arranged in chronological order. Appropriations have been made froni time to time for continuing such preparation. Under this act the preliminary work was resumed by General Townsend, who first out- lined the plan on which the records are printed, though it appears that originally he contemplated publishing to the world only the more im- portant military reports. Subseqneimtly, under meager appropriations, it was prosecuted in a somewhat desultory manner by various subordinates of the War De- partment until December 14, 1~77, when the Secretary of War, per- ceiving that the undertaking needed the undivided attention of a single head, detailed Lient. Col. Robert N. Scott U. S. Army, to take charge of the bureau and devote himself exclusively to the work. The act of June 23, 1874, greatly enlarged upon the first crude scheme of publication. On this more comprehensive basis it was de- tcrmined that the volumes should include not only the battle reports, but also all official documents that can be obtained by the compiler, and that appear to be of any historical value. Colonel Scott sysfem- Page R004 Iv PREFACE. atized the work and the plan and presented the records in the following order of arrangement, which has been adhered to by his snccessors: The first series will embrace the formal reports, both Union and Confederate, of the first seizures of United States property in the Southern States, and of all mil- itary operations in the field, with the correspondence, orders, and returns relating specially thereto, and, as proposed, is to be accompanied by an Atlas. In tbis series the reports will be arranged according to the campaigns and sev- eral theaters of operations (in the chronological order of the events), and the Union reports of any event will, as a rule, be immediately followed by the Confederate accounts. The correspondence, etc., not embraced in the reports proper will follow (first Union and next Confederate) in chrouological order. The second series will contain the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns, Union and Confederate, relating to prisoners of war, and (so far as the military authorities were concerned) to State or political prisoners. The third series will contain the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns of the Union authorities (embracing their correspondence with the Confederate offi- cials) not relating specially to the subjects of the first and second series. It will set forth the annual and special reports of the Secretary of War, of the General- in-Chief, and of the chiefs of the several staff corps and departments; the calls for troops, and the correspondence between the National and the several State author- ities. The fourth series will exhibit the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns of the Confederate authorities, similar to that indicated for the Union officials, as of the third series, but excluding the correspondence between the Union and Confed- erate authorities given in that series. The first volume of the records was issued in the early fall of 1880. The act ap~)rovcd June 16, 1880, provided for the printing and bind- ing, under direction of the Secretary of War, of 10,000 copies of a com- pilation of the Official Records (Union and Confederate) of the War of the Rebellion, so far as the same may be ready for publication, durimig the fiscal year; and that of said nuniber 7,000 copies shall be for the use of the House of Representatives, 2,000 copies for the use of the Senate, and 1,000 copies for the use of the Executive Dc- partments. Under this act Colonel Scott proceeded to publish the first five volumes of the records.* *All subsequent volumes have been distributed under the act approved August 7, 1882, which provides that: The volumes of the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion shall be distrib- uted as follows: One thousand copies to the Executive Departments, as now pro- vided by law. One thousand copies for distribution by the Secretary of War among officers of the army and contributors to the work.. Eight thousand three hundred copies shall be sent by the Secretary of War to such libraries, organiza- tions, and individuals as may be designated by the Senators, Representatives, and Delegates of the Forty-seventh Congress. Each Senator shall (lesignate not exceed- ing twenty-six, and each Representative and Delegate not exceeding twenty-one, of such addresses, and the volumes shall be sent thereto froiu time to time as they are published, until the publication is conipleted. Senators, Representaties, and l)ele- gate~ shall inform the Secretary of War in each case how 1~many vohimes of those heretofore published they have forwarded to such addresses. The remaining copies of the eleven thousand to be pnblished, and all sets that may nut be ordered to be distributed as prOVide(l herein, shall be sold by the Secretary of War for cost of publication with ten per cent. added thereto, and the proceeds of such sale shall b Page R005 PREFACE. V Col. Robert N. Scott died March 5, 1887, before the completion of the work, which, during a ten years service, lie had come to love so dearly. At his death some twenty-six books only had been issued, but he had compiled a large amount of matter for forthcoming volumes; conse- quently his name as compiler was retained in all the books up to and iiicluding Vol. XXXVI, although his successors had added largely to his compilations from new material found after his demise. The Secretary of War, May 7, 1887, assigned Lieut. Col. H. M. Lazelle, U. S. Army, to duty as the successor of Colonel Scott. He had con- tiiiued in charge about two years, when, in the act approved March 2, 1889, it was provided That hereafter the preparation and publication of said records shall be conducted, ll11(Ier the Secretary of War, by a hoard of three persons, one of whom shall be an officer of the Ai-iny, and two civilian experts, to be appointed by the Secretary of War, the coinpepsation of said civilian experts to be fixed by the Secretary of War. The Secretary of War appointed Maj. George B. Davis, judge-advo- cate, U. S. Ar my, as the military member, and Leslie J. Perry, of Kan- sas, ~nd Joseph XV. Kirklcy, of Maryland, as the civilian expert mem- bers of said board. rTlle board assumed direction of the publication at the coinmeticement of the fiscal year 1889, its first work beginning with Serial No. 36 of Vol. XXIV. Each volume includes a copious and accurate index, and for the fur. ther convenience of investigators there will be, in addition, a general index to the entire set when complete in a volume by itself. Nothing is printed in these volumes except duly authenticated con- temporaneous records of the war. The scope of the boards work is to decide upon and arrange the matter to be published; to correct and verify the orthography of the papers used, and occasionally to add a foot-note of explanation. GEO. B. DAVIS , Major and J.A., U.S.A., LESLiE J. PERRY, Civilian Expert, JOSEPH W. KIRKLEY, Civilian Expert, Board of Publication. Approved: IREDFIELD PROCTOR, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., August 1, 1891. covered into the Treasury. If two or more sets of said volumes are ordered to the same address, the Secretary of War shall inform the Senators, Representatives, or Delegates who have designated the same, who thereupon may designate other libraries, organizations, or individuals. The Secretary of War shall report to the first session of the Forty-eighth Congress what volumes of the series heretofore published have not been furnished to such libraries,, organizations, and individuals. He shall also inform distributees at whose instance the vohunes are sent Page R006 Table of Contents Page R007 CONTENTS. CHAPTER LV. Page. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4December 31, 1~4 11032 (vii Page R008 Additions and Corrections Page A001 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION 013 THE OFFICIAL ZIRECOIRDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO SERIES IVOLUME XLIII. (To be inserted in the volume. For explanation see General Index volume, Serial No. 130, page XXVLII.) PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF The Hon. ELIHU ROOT, Secretary of War, BY BiRIG. GEN. FRED C. AJNSWORTII, CHIEF OF THE RECORD AND PENSION OFFICE, WAR. DEPARTMENT, AND MR. JOSEPH W KIRKLEY. Mr. JOHN S. MOOBEY, Indexer. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1902 Page A002 2 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS, TEXT. PART i. Page 246. Insert * after Charles G. Chandler, signature, and add foot-note, *See fool-note, Series I, Vol. 55, Part i, p. 283. P.g2 286. Erase foot-note and insert Omitted. Page 969. Brough to Stanton, second line, for is read as. Page 1048. Insert Woodsons (Charles H.) Cavalry. See Missouri Troops, Con- federate. Page 1120. First line, for 27 read ~. PART 2. Page 315. Second line, top, strike out [Whitescarver]. Page 971. Insert Woodsons (Charles H.) Cavalry. See Missouri Troops, lion- federate. INDEX. Insert all words and figures in i/alics and strike out all in [brackets]._ An asterisk (5) following a correctiou indicates that Additions and Corrections to the text should be consulted. Referer ces are to parts of volume. Part. Babcock, A. C. [Captain] Baker [Barker], Charles i, 2 Bors/ [Borsk], Peter B Chandler, Charles G. See Text, Additions and Corrections, p.246 Crook, George. Correspondence with Samuels, H. J. [I.] 2 Crossman [Crosman], Horace F 2 Cu/rig/il [Cutwright], Muffin .. . Davant, Philip E., 912 [Devant, Philip F., 912] 2 Fessenden, James B. Mentioned, ~ 2 Fitz Simoas [Simmons], Charles 2 Gates, Clarence B Georgia Troops. A r/illey, HeazyBa//alions. 12/li, 912, 928 2 InfantryBattalions: [12th, 912, 928] 2 Gilliss [Gillis], James 2 Hagerstown, Md. Skirmish [Skirmishes] at. [Aug. i~, 1864. See XVilliamsport and Ha- gerstown, Md. Skirmishes at.] Hill, Charles JfK, zs~ Hill, Bennett H., Men tioned, [129] 2 Johnson [Johnston], James 1,2 Jones, Daniel N. [A.] Kessler [Kesler], Joseph R. [K.] 2 J~atrobe, Osmun [Osman] Marsh, Charles H. [(Scout)], ~z [Marsh, Charles H. (Private), 551] Missouri Troops (C.). Gavalry(ompanies: Woodsons, 89, ~ 6G~ tVaodsoes, 383, g~s, 6z~, 675, 7;6, 543, 826, 827 OKeeffe [OKeefe], Joseph Patton, Weller [William] T Rigbv, James H. [P.] Samuels, H.J. [I.] Smith, Isaac, ./, Tarbell, Doe/or [Dr.] Thomson [Tompson], William H Virginia Troops (C.). InfantryBattalions: 45th, [89, ~ 664] 45th, [383, 542, 6i~, 67~, 736, 743, 826, 827].. Waite, John M. Mentioned, 909 [XVhite, Johii M., 909] Weld, Horace N., 976 [966] Wells, George D. Mentioned, j88 [Wills, George D., 388] .... Wettsteiu, A udrew [August] Whiling, Cap/ain, ss [Whitescarver, George H., 315]~ Wing, Malcom [Malcomb] H Woodsoa, Charles H., ~ Sss; Woodson. Blake L., [383. 822] Young, Henry H., ~6 [Young, H. K., 56] .... Part. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Special Index Page R009 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOJATME I. CHAPTER I. Page. Operations in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. December 20, 1860April 14, 1861 1317 CHAPTER II. The secession of Georgia. January 3-26, 1861 318-325 CHAPTER IlL. The secession of Alahamnand Mississippi. I anuary 420, 1861 326330 CHAPTER IV. Operationsin Florida. January 6-August 31, 1861 331473 CHAPTER V. Page. The secession of North Carolina. Janu ary 9-May 20, 1861 474488 CHAPTER VI. The secession of Louisiana. January 10 February 19, 1861 489501 CHAPTER Vii. Operations in Texas and New Mexico. February 1-June ~1, 1861 502636 CHAPTER VIII. Operations in Arkansas, the Indian Tern- tort, and Missouri. Fehruary7May 9, 1861 637691 VOLITME II. CHAPTER IX. Page. Operations in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. April 16-July 31, 1861. 1-1012 VOLITME III. CHAPTER X. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. May 10November 19, 1861. 1749 V-OLIJME IV. CHAPTER XI. Page. CHAPTER XIII. Page. Operations in Texas, New Mexico, and Operations in North Carolina and South. Arizona. June 111861February 1,1862. 1174 eastern Virginia. August 1, 1861Janu- CHAPTER XII. ary 11, 1862 566721 Operations in Kentucky and Tennessee. July 1November 19, 1861 175565 VOLUME V. CHAPTER XIV. Page. Operations inMaryland, Northern Virginia, and WestVirginia. August 1,1861-March 17,1862. 11106 VOLUME VI. CHAPTER XV. Operations on the coasts of South Caro- lina, Georgia, and Middle and East Florida. Angust 21,1861April 11,1862. Page. CHAPTER XVI. Page. Operations in West Florida, Southern A~ abama, Southern Mississippi, and Lou 1435 isiana. September 1,1861May 12, 1862. 436894 VOLUME VII. CHAPTER XVII Page. Operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. November 19, 1861-Maccli 4, 1862 1946 (ix Page R010 X CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME VIII. CHAPTER XVIJI. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. Nov. 19, 1861April 10, 1862. 1834 VOLTJME IX. CHAPTER XIX. Page. CHAPTER XXI. Page. Operations in SouthensteruVir,, inia. Jan. Operations in Texas, New Mexico, and nary 11March 17,1862 171 Arizona. February 1September 20, CHAPTER xx. 1862 481-738 Operations in North Carolina. January 11August 20, 1862 72480 VOLUME XIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXII. Operations in Kentucky, Teunessee, North Mississippi, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. March 4June 10, 1862. Page. Part IReports 1-927 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1642 VOLUME XtIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXflI. The Peninsular Campaign, Virginia. March 17September 2, 1862. Page. Part 1Reports, March 17-June 24 11077 Part IlReports, June 25-September 2 1-994 Part illCorrespondence, etc 1-691 VOLUME XIIIN THREE PARTS CHAPTER XXIV. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. March 17-September 2,1862. Page. Part IReports, March 17-June 25 1-818 Part IlReports, June 26-September 2 1-820 Part IllCorrespondence, etc 1-966 VOLUME XIII. CHAPTER XXV. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, the Indian Territory, and the Department of the Northwest. April 10-November 20, 1862 1-981 VOLUME XIV. - CHAPTER XXVI. Page Operations on the coasts of South Carolina, Georgia, and Middle and East Florida. April 12, 1862June 11, 1863 11025 VOLUME XV. CHAPTER XXVII. Operations in WestFlorida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi (embracing all operations against Vicksburg, May 18-July 27, 1862), and Louisiana, May 12, 1862-May 14, 1863; and opetat~s~a In Texas, New Mexico, and .& risona. 8epteuabe~ 20, 1862-May 14, 1863 1-118 Page R011 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. XI VOLUME XVJIN TWo PARTS. CHAPTER XXVIII. Operations in Kentucky, Middle an(l East Tennessee, North Alabama, an(l Southwest Virginia. June lOOctober 31, 1862. Page. Part IReports 1-1168 Pant ItCorrespondence. etc 11017 VOLUME XVIJIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXIX. Operations in West Tennessee and Northern Mississippi. Tune 10, l862.January 20, 186~. Page. Part IReports 1-807 Part ILCorrespondence, etc 1916 VOLUME XVIII. CHAPTER XXX. Operat.ione in North Carolina and Southeastern Virginia. August 20, 1862-June 3, 1863 Page. 11104 VOLUME XIXIN rwo PARTS. CHAPTER XXXI. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. S inber 3-.Nojem. her 14, 1862. Page. Part IReports, September 320 11108 Part IlReports, September 20November 14; Correspondence, etc., September 3Novem. ber 14 1-739 VOLUME XXIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXII. Operati6~s in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. No. vember 1, l862Tannary 20, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1 ~ Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1-516 MOLUME XXI. CHAPTER XXXIH. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. November Page. 15, 1862January 25, 1863 .. 11152 VOLUME XXJIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXIV. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, the Indian Territory, and the Department of the North. west. November 20, 1862December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-926 Part hCorrespondence, etc 1-110 Page R012 XII CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME XXIIJIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXV. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. Jan uary 21August 10, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-858 Part NICorrespondence, etc 1986 VOLUME XXIVIN ThREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVI. Operations in Mississippi and West Tennessee, including those in Arkansas and Louisiana connected with the Siege of Vieksbnrg. January 20August 10, 1863. Page. Part IReports, January 20-May 15, including the General Reports for wbole period. January 20Au~ust 10 1-787 Part IlReports, May 16-August 10 1699 Part 111Correspondence, etc 11070 VOLUME XXVJN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVII. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Marylaud, and Pennsylvania. January 26-June 3, 1863. Page. Part 1Reports 1-1123 Part I ICorrespondence, etc 1862 VOLUME XXVJIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVIII. Operations in West Florida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, and New Mexico. May 14December ii, 1863. Page. Part 1Reports, Union Correspondence, etc 1920 Part IlConfederate Correspondence, etc 1581 VOLUME XXVJIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXXIX. Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Department of the East. June 3August 3, 1863. Pa~, e. Part IReports - 11059 Part IlReports 11005 Part IllCorrespondence, etc 1.-1092 VOLUME XXVJJJIN TWO PARTS,. CHAPTER XL. Operations on the coasts of South Carolina and Georgia, and in Middle and East Florida. June 12-. December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1755 Part 11Correspondence, etc 1609 VOLUME XXIXIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XLI. Operations in North Carolina, Vir,, inia, West Virginia. Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4De cember 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-1018 Part lICorrespondence, etc Page R013 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. XIII VOLUME XXXIN FOUR PARTS. CHAPTER XLH. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. August 11October 19, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-1071 Part IlReports 1-821 Part IllUnion Correspondence, etc 11017 Part IV}Jnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1708 VOLUME XXXIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XLIII. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Alabama, and North Georgia. October 20December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports and Union Correspondence 1852 Part IlReports 1-782 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1893 VOLUME XXXIIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XLIV. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and North Georgia. January 1April 30, 1864. Page. Part IReports 1703 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1833 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-879 VOLUME XXXIII. CHAPTER XLV. Page. Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Jan. nary 1April 30, 1864 11335 VOLUME XXXIV-IN FOUR PARTS. CHAPTER XLVI. Operations in Louisiana and the Trans-Mississippi States and Territories. January 1-June 30, 1864. Page. Part IReports 11058 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 11107 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1835 - Part IVUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-701 VOLUME XXXVIN TWO PART~S. CHAPTER XLVII. Operations in Sooth Carolina and Florida, and on the Georgia Coast. January 1November 13, 1864. 1age. Part IReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-646 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 165 Page R014 XIV CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME XXXVIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XLVIII. Operations in Southeastern Virginia and North Carolina. May 1-June 12, 1864. Page. Part IReports 11101 Part ItReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-1027 Part IllUnion and Conibderate Correspondence, etc 1903 VOLUME XXXVIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XLIX. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. May 1August 3,1864. Page. Part IReports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-770 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1606 VOLUME XXXVIIIIN FIVE PARTS. CHAPTER L. The Atlanta, Ga., Campaign. May 1-September 8, 1864. Page. Part IReports 1936 Part IlReports 1-910 Part IllReports 1-1008 Part JVUnion and Confederate Correspondence etc 1-807 Part VUnion and Confederate Correspond( nec ute 11031 VOLUME XXXIXIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER LI. Operations in Kentucky, Southwest Virginia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and North Georgia (the Atlanta Campaign excepted). May 1November 13, 1861. Page. Part IReports 1908 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-889 Pare IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-918 VOLUME XLIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER LII. Operations in Southeastern Virginia and North Carolina. Tune 13-July 31, 1864. Page~ Part IReports 1-823 Part Il-Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-717 Part Ill-Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1823 VOLUME XLIIN FOUR PARTS. CHAPTER LIII. Operations in Louisiana and the Trans.Mississippi States and Territories. July 1December 31, 1864. Page. Part IReports 11006 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 11099 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-1015 Part IVUnion and Confederate Correspondence, etc 1-114 Page R015 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. XV VOLUME XLIIIN THREE PARTS. - CHAPTER LIV. Operations in southeastern Virginia and North Carolina. August 1-December 31, 1864. rage. Part IReports 1-1029 Part IlUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-1311 Part IllUnion and Confederate Correspondence 1-137 Page R016 C.1 CD 0 CD ~ , Sn Monday. ~ ~les(1ay. ~ ~ ~ ~ Wednesday. ~ Thursday. ~ Friday. ~ Saturday. ~ o W I o CD CD 0 0 (J~ __________________ I I ______ -1 0 I~3 U~ ~ Sunday. Monday. Tuesday. Wednesday Page 1 CHAPTER LV. OPERATIONS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA, WEST VIR GINIA, MARYLAND, AND PENNSYLVANIA.* August 4December 31, 1864. PART I. SUMMAIRY Oi~ TIlE PRI:NCIPA.L EVENT~.t Aug. 4, 1864.Action at New Creek, W. Va. Skirmish at Antietam Ford, Md. 5, 1864.Skirmishes at Williamsport and Hagerstown, Md. Skirmish at Huttonsyille, W. Va. Skirmish at Keedysville, Md. 7, 1864.The Middle Military Division (consisting of the Middle Depart- ment and the Departments of Washington, of the Snsqnehanna, and of West Virginia) constituted, and Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, assigned to the temporary command. 7, lS64.Engagement at Oldilelds, near Moorefield, W. Va. 7Nov. 28, 1864.The Shenandoah Valley Campaign. 8, 1864.Skirmish at Fairfax Station, Va. 9Oct. 14, 1S64.Mosbys operations. 19, 1864.Skirmish at Franklin, W. Va. 20, Tt564.Skirmish at Bulltown, W. Va. 21, 1864.Skirmish in Loudoun County, Va. 22, 1864.Affair at Cove Point, Md. 24, 1864.Skirmish at Annandale, Va. Affair at Huttonsville, XV. Va. Skirmish at Sutton, W. Va. 27, 1864.Skirmish at Nntters Hill, XV. Va. 30, 1864.Bvt. Maj. Gen. George Crook, U. S. Army, assigned to command of the Department of West Virginia, vice Hunter, relieved. Sept. 14, 1864.Skirmish near Centerville, W. Va. 1728, 1864.Witehers expedition into West Virginia, including skirmishes at Buekhannou (27th-2Sth). 19, 1864.Skirmish at Cimipeper, Va. 21, 1864.Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, assigned to permanent commamid of the Middle Military Division. 23Oct. 1, lS64.Nonnnans expedition into the Kanawha Valley, W. Va., including skirmish at Coalsmouth (September 30). Oct. 4, 1864.Skirmish at Salem, Va.t 711, l864.Operations in Montgomery County, Md. 9, 1864.Skirmish near Piedmont, Va. 10, 1864.Skirmish near liectortown, Va. 11, 1864.Skirmish near White Plains, Va. For references in General Grants final report to operations in the section 6f country covered by this volume, see Vol. XXXVI, Part I, pp. 2931. Of some of the minor conflicts noted in this Summary no circumstantial reports are on file. ~ See Lees report, p. 633. (1) 1 I~ liVOL XLIII, PT 1 Page 2 2 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Oct. 11, 1864.Skirmish near Petersburg, W. Va. 14, 1864.Skirmish at Adamstown, Md. 26, 1864.Skirmish at Winfield, W. Va. 2829, 1864.Operations about Snickers Gap (28Th) aral skirmish (29th) at Uppervifle, Va. 29, 1864.Action at Beverly, W. Va. Nov. 1, 1864.Affair at Green Spring Run, W. Va. 512, 1864.Witchers operations in the Kanawha Valley, W. Va., including the capture of U. S. steamers Barnum and Fawn on the Big Sandy River. 68, 1864.Expedition from New Creek to Moorefield, W. Va., and.skirmish. 11, 1864.Skirmish at Manassas Junetion, Va. 26, 1864.Skirmish at Fairfax Station, Va. 2728, 1864.Skirmishes at Mooretield (27th and 28th), affair at New Creek (28th), and skirmish (28th) at Piedmont, W. Va. 28, 1864.Skirmish at Goresville, Va. 28Dec. 2, 1864.Expedition from Kerustown to Moorefield, & c., ~V. Va. 28Dec. 3, 1864.Expedition from Winchester into Fauquier and Loudona Counties, Va. 29, 1864.Skirmish at Charlestown, W. Va. 30, 1864.Skirmish at Snickers Gap, Va. Skirmish at Kabletown, W. Va. Dec. 1, 1864.The designation of the Department of the Sisquebanna changed to the Department of Pennsylvania. 1922, 1864.Expedition from Kernstown to Laceys Springs, Va., and action at Laceys Springs (21st). 1928, 1864.Expedition from Winchester to near Gordonsville, Va., including skirmishes at Madison Court-Honse (21st), at Liberty Mills (22d), and near Gordonsville (23d). 24, 1864.Skirniish at Taylortown, Va. 2627, 1864.Scout from Fairfax Court-House to Ilopewell Gap, Va. August 4 and 7, 1864.Action at New Creek (4th) and engagement near lYloorefield (7th), W. Va. REPORTS.* No. 1.Bvt. Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army, commanding U. S. Forces west of Sleepy Creek. No. 2.Brig. Gen. Bradley T. Johnson, C. S. Army. No. 1. Report of Brt. MaJ. Gen. Be~fttmim F. KeUey, U. AS1. Army, contmanding U. S. Forces west of Sleepy Greek. HEADQUARTERS, Cumberland, Md., September 17, 1864.t On the 4th [August] the command that attacked Cumberland at- tacked the forces at New Creek, composed of the One hundred and fifty- fourth Ohio National Guard, two companies of the Sixth West Virginia Infantry, one company Second Maryland Potomac Home Brigade, mounted, one section First Illinois Light Artillery, Battery H, First West Virginia Light Artillery, manning the fort, the whole commanded * Sec also report of Brig. Cen. William W Averell (p. 493) and General R. B. Lees dispatch (p. 551). t For portion of report here omitted, see Vol. xXXV1I, Part I, p. 188 Page 3 cHAP. LY.J ACflON AT NEW CREEK AND MOOREFIELD, W. VA. S by Colonel Stevenson, One hundred and fifty-fourth Ohio National Guard. Immediately upon being notified of the attack, I sent the de- tachment of Eleventh West Virtia Infantry to re-enforce Colonel Stevenson, which arrived earl in e engagement. Alters severe fight, lasting for several hours, the enemy was driven oft leaving part of their dead and wounded in our hands. Our loss was 1 commissioned officer and 7 enlisted men killed and 29 enlisted men wounded and missing. The enemys loss heavy, 25 dead being left on the field; his wounded were carried ot I also sent the One hundred and sixty-fifth Ohio National Guard to Npw Creek, but it did not arrive in time topartici- pate in the fight On the 4th instant Brigadier-General Averell, with his division of cavalry, then at Bath, Morgan County, W. Va., was directed byMajjor- General Hunter, commanding derrtment~ to pursue the enemy and to report to me for orders. Genera Averell. moved via Bloomery Gap arnying at Springfield on the evening of the 5th, where his command was supplied with subsistence and foraqe. I advised him at this point that the enemy were retreating via Burlington and the Junctiontoward Moorefleld, in Hardy County, and ordered him to take two days rations and pursue the enemy and attack him wherever found. Early on the morning of the 6th General Averen, with his command in obedience to the above order, pursued and overtook the enemy at dldfields, three miles east of Moorefleld, on the morning of the 7th, effecting a complete surprise, routing and dispersing the whole command, capturing 27 com- missioned officers and 893 enlisted men, 4 guns, with limbers and cais- sons, large quantifies of small-arms, and 400 horses and equipments. Our los s,7 killed and 21 wounded; enemys loss in killed unknown. After the engagement the enemy retrea~ hi small squads by different roads into the Shenandoah Valley and GeneralAverell returned toNew Creek with his prisonerd and captured property, from which point he received orders to report to General Sheridan, in the Shenandoah Vafley, near Harpers Ferry. TInts concluded the enemys operations in this direction, meeting defeat and disaster at every point, with great loss of men and material, and culminating in total rout and dispersion at Iloorefleld. From prisoners and deserters I learned that MoCauslands orders were to proceed west along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, destroying the road as he went to the Ohio River, thence to proceed into the Kanawha Valley. The timely check he received caused him to abandon his pro- ~o5E~d plan of operations. I desire to express my thanks to the troops under my command for their gallant conduct in the above-named engagements. Apart from General Averells division my command was composed mostly of 100- days men, and they, on all occasions, with one exception, vied with the old troops in acts of endurance and soldierly bearing. To my staff I desire also to return my thanks for their uniform good conduct and attention to duties. Where all behaved so nobly, it might perhaps seem invidious to particularize, but I cannot forbear to make special mention of Capt H. Pease, Twenty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, actingassistant iuspector-general,whose promptness in action, coolness in danger, rapid and correct judgment were of immense service to me th~onghout the whole affair. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. F. KELLEY, Brevet Major-GeneraL Capt. P.. G. Bra, Assietot A4jntast- General, Dept. of West Virginia Page 4 4 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD.~ AND PA. [Czar. LY. No.2. Report of Brig. (ha. Bradioij T. Jol.neon, V. & Army. HEADQUARTERS JOHNSONS CAVALRY BRIGApE, Near Mount Jackson, Anpet 10,1864. COLONEL : (in the 4th [August] at daylight we moved on New Creek, this counmand in rear. On arriving there I was ordered by Brigadier- General. MoCausland to occupy a hill on the left with my whole command, post my artillery, and open on an inclosed work which was in our front. I attempted tine movement as directed, and found the hills so precipitous that my men could hardly walk up, much less get the artillery there, and after advancing my skirmishers close to the hill designated found a block-house, a palisaded work and abatis occupied by a few hundted of the enemy. I could have car- ned the place with a loss very heavy for my force, but finding that it would be impossible to get artillery there, and when occupied it would be fully 1,200 yards from the inclosed work, and that that work was. open in rear and swept by a battery of six guns within short range, making it utterly ntenable after being carried by assault, and it being too late for more extended operations, I determined, on consultation with Colonel Peters, who was nearest me, not to attack. I accordingly drew o1 reported the facts, and was ordered by Brigadier-General- McCausland to cover his withdrawal, which I did. When his advance reached New Creek I was two miles and one-half in his rear. The reasou of this was that I marched from beyond itomney, he from the mouth of Mill Creek, making my march fully seven miles longer than his- When I reached the foot of the mountain I found his column, or at least his ambulances, halted, and he havingtaken a read twenty-five miles from Romney to New Creek, instead of one eighteen miles, as he had led me to believe he would take, having changed the route without informing me, other than the bare order to follow him. I, in the ab- senceof orders, inferred that heintended to break this long march by a halt to graze. He had halted long enough for meto close an interval of seven miles. I, therefore, also stop for precisely an hour from the time my rear got into the field until my advance again started. it; as I understand he reports, there were no.men in the works at New Creek when he got there hQ ought to have taken them at once without waiting for me. But he ordered me to place artillery in a place utterly inaccessible for it, with only eleven rounds for two guns, which fact I reported to him when he gave me the ordef, and without having recon-. noiteredtheposition,he directedmetotakeit. Ifhehaddoneso he never could have given the order. It is now my deliberate judgment that the post at New Creek can only be taken by assault of superior numbers, and that had I occupied the position designated by Generpl McCausland it would have been unavailing, inasmuch as the square work, the object of his attack was perfectly conanded by another work in rear, and also by a work ~n the Maryland side mounted with heavy guns. It was, in fact, only the outpost of the position. The cap- ture orit would have cost many men, only to be driven out instanntly with fine loss of more. (leuneral McCausland, however, errs in.thinking there were few men there. It has since appeared by a report tlnat Gen- eral Kelley was there with the forces he had at Cumberland. I wasan For portion of report here omitted, VoL XXXVII, Part I, p.54 Page 5 Caip. LV.1 ACTION AT NEW CREEK AND MOOREFIELD, MT. VA. 5 hour behind General iXicCauslaud, and the delay could not have affected the result. The enemy were there and disposed of their men to meet attacks at each 1)oint so soon as threatened. Thence we moved to Mooretield, reaching there Friday, August 5, and went iuto camp, General MeCausland om~the Moorefield side of the South Branch and this command along the liomney road, the only place 1 could get grass, my outside regiment four miles and a half from Moorelleld, my nearest three-fourths of a mile from General MeCaus- land, who was three miles from that towmi. rflie camp was iudicated by him, and I received orders, as I did during the expedition, every- where and in every place, where to place my 1)ickets. He (lesignated three roadstl~ e IRomnney, Pattersons Creek, and Williamsport roads. They were accordingly picketed as he ordered, lie (lirected no scouts along my front and I sent none out. He beino- having access to all means of info my conunanding officer, rmation, choosing his own camps, routes, and times of march, I consider it was not my place to send scouts without his order. At 2 a. m. Sunday, August 7, I received a verbal order by a courier from him, informing me that Averell had passed through itomney the preceding evening with three brigades of cavalry, and directing me to saddle up my command and send out a stout on the liomney road. I instantly sent a courier to each regiment, transmitting the order; it was i)romnptly obeyed by each officer. I, at the same tinme, sent a scout on the Itoinney road from the Eighth Virginia Cavalry. This was the first, last, and only intimation I ever received from General MeCaus- laud of the proxhuity of the enenmy, an(l the only or(ler I ever received from him on the subject. The order itself was calculated to assure me that there was no danger of immediate attack. Had he thought it was imminent, he would doubtless have at least ordered me to form and mount my command, if not to take a position to resist attack. My camp was no place to tight in, being a level, with all ~ositiomms for artil- lery in favor of an approaching enemy, and had a fight been anticipated I should doubtless have been withdrawn to the tine range of hills on his (General MeCauslaim ds) side of the river. About daylight a squad- ron in Confederate nuiforni moved by the camup of the First Maryland straight to my headquarters. Those who were up and saw them sup- posed tlmeni to be a returning scout or picket, amid took no notice of them. They never fired a shot until they reached MeXeills house, where my camp was. Soon after them came a body of Federal cavalry, who rode at once through time camp of the First Maryland to that of the Secomid Maryland and tlispersed both, they being very smnall, re- dmmced by losses in battle and ilar(l marchimig to ami aggregate for both of miot 130 mcmi in camp, time First having twenty-eight men omi picket. Major Sweemmey, Thirty-sixth Virginia l3attahion, was rapidly pressed back to my headquarters, when Lieutenant McNulty, with two pieces of artillery, doubly charged with cammister, sought to stop time enemy, but his cannoneers were swept from their pieces by a charge in flank. From the back door of my headquarters, they beimig around me, 1 gal- loped to tlme Eighth Virginia Cavalry to get themn to charge, passing aroun(l the front of their column to get there. It was themi too late; the Eighth were moving off in good order, but neither thmeir colommel nor myself could wheel theum in timne. Colomiel Peters then had the Twenty- Iirst Regiment well in hand, but was unable to check the charge until lie had passed beyond time river into General MeCanslands camup, wlmere he formed amid stol)l)ed their crossing for some time, with a loss to them, since ascertained, of 2 majors and 38 muen. My object here Page 6 C OPERATIONS III N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [GEar. LV. tofore had been to check them until I could pass the river, where I expected to find Brigadier-General MoCausland with his command well in hand, who would hold them while I got in position by him, when I had no doubt of the result. Brigadier-General MoCausland was not there. He had slept in tin town of Moorefield, three miles distant from Jida camp, and did not leave there until between daylight and sunrise, and when he did get on the pound his own command was scattered, some up the Winchester road and some don the Moorefield road. I ordered up the Twenty-seventh [Virginia Battalion], Captain Gibson, and with Colonel Peters formed a line to stop their fafther advance, which he did for a short time, while I went to get him a support He was,however,forcedbaok,and bothhimself and a tam Gibson wonded and taken prisoners. They were left at Moorefield. After this the enemy only followed me, but made no other attack. Beyond Moorefield I got the command in tolerable order1 and General MoCausland directed me to hold a position while he hurried on to Matthews with the frag- ments of two regiments to join the rest of his command, which had gone up the Winchester road, and which he had directed to join him there. They did not do so, and the parts of regiments whose withdrawal this command covered were the only organized parts of his brigade that I have heard of getting oIL The way in which the enemy got in was this, as told by Private Callan, Company F, First Maryland Cavalry, to his brother, my orderly when both were prisonersthe latter escaped: The scout from the Aighth having passed beyond the picket on the Bomney road, about 3 a. m. or very early that morning, every man of it was captured by the enemy. Two men in pay uniform rode up to the two sentinels on outpost, and being challenged replied they were scouts from the Eighth Virginia. After exchanging a word or two one rode back to pick up something lost from his saddle, and immediately returned with twenty more who captured the whdie post. At the reserve they came up and said they were a relief from the Eighth Virginia, and some of the men saying to those on picket, Get your horses, you are relieved. Thus scout, picket, and reserve were captured by the enemy uniformed as Confed- erates, who then rode in mycamp without giving tiny alarm. A Yankee sergeant, captured by Captain Emack, of my staff; told him that a man who had been in camp to have a stolen horse restored had guided them to the picket and my headquarters. This great disaster would have at once been retrieved but for the insufficient armament of the command. Besides the First and Second Maryland Mid ft sqnadrQn of the Eighth Virginia there was not a saber in the command. In that open country, perfectly level, the only mode to fight charging cavalry was by charging, and this the men were unable todo. The long Enfield musket once discharged could not be reloaded, and lay helpless before the charging saber. With any equal chance the enemy would at once have been driven back. The largest portion of the command remained steady, and after passing Moorefield were held in hand with ease. I reached the Valley with about 300 men missing (150 have come in), leaving that number as my net loss killed, wounded and missing. I should have here stopped this narrative, but circumstances which have come to my knowledge render it necessary for me, injnstice to my- self and this command, to speak more plainly than I had intended to. Brigadier-General McCausland was in command oftheexpedition. He selected his own camps, rontes, and lines of pickets. He always gave me orders when to camp, to march, and to picket, andl always obeyed Page 7 CHAP. LWI ACTION AT NEW CREEK AND MOOREFIELD, W. VA. 7 He had commaiA of MeNeills company, a numerous and well-mounted body of scoats, well acquainted with the country, and through them he ought to have had fill knowledge of the proximity of the enemy. If they were not accessible to him it was his duty to order scouts to ascertain his whereabouts an(1 not mine. If he did know Averell was near and expected an attack, he gave inc no notice of it whatever, the mere order to saddle up being preparatory to a iuove, or a march, and not a commanding officers order to his subocdiuates to prepare for battle. The only intimation or order of any kind whatever that I ever received from General iXlcCaiisland on the subject was the verbal one by a courier. But he (lid not expect au attack. In proof of this I refer to the fact that when the attack was iu~ade Brigadier-General MeCaus- land was asleel) in the house of Mr. MeMechen, three miles from his camps or any of his counnuand, and further, that some l)oitiou of his owii brigade was unsaddled an(l utterly unprepared. He never reached the scene of action until after a portioiu of my command had l)assed the river. I suppose he was not there when his own brigade became separated, one part taking the Moorefield road and the other the Winchester grade. If lie had been on the ground anticipating an attack he would doubt- less have had his command formed and made fight, neither of which lie did, for besides one charge by a light squadron near the ford and a line of dismounted men above it I saw ito fighting done by him near the river. From these facts I infer that Brigadier-General MeCanslaud, fist, was unprepared for an attack himself, and therefore could not ex- pect me, his subordinate, to be prepared; or, second, that anticipating attack he neglected to give me due and timely notice nud put his troops in position to repel it. , ~ neglected to It is due to myself and the cause Ii serve to remark on the outrageous conduct of the troops on this expedition. This duty I informed General MeCauslaud I should perform during the expedition itself. Every crime in the catalogue of infamy has been committed, I believe ,except murder and rape. Highway robbery of watches and pocket-books was of ordinary occurrence; the taking of breast-pins, finger-rings, and ear- rings frequently happened. Pillage and sack of private dwellings took place hourly. A soldier of an advance guard robbed of his gold watch the Catholic clergyman of Hancock on his way from church on Sumiday, July 31, in the public streets. Another of a rear guard nearly brained a private of Company B, First Maryland Cavalry, for trying to prevent his sacking a womans trunk and stealing her clothes and jewels. A lieutenant at Hancock exacted amid received $1,000 in greenbacks of a citizen; a soldier packed up a womans and a child~s clothing, which lie had stolen in the presence of the highest officials, unrebuked. At Chambersburg, while the town was in flames, a quartermaster, aided and directed by a field officer, exacted ransom of individuals for their houses, holding the torch in terror over the house until it was paid. These ransoms varied from $750 to ~l50, according to the size of the habitation. Thus the grand spectacle of a national retaliation was reduced to a miserable huckstering for greenbacks. After the order was given to burn the town of Chaunbersburg and before, drunken sol- diers paraded the streets in every possible disguise and i)araphernalia, pillaging and plundering and drunk. As the natural consequence, law- lessness imi Penmisylvania and Maryland reproduced itself in Virginia, and in Ilardy County, mm~ar Mooretield, a hientemiant knocked (lown anti kicked an aged woman wlmo has two 5O~5 in the Confederate army, and after choking the sister locked her in a stable amid set fire to it. This was because the two women would not give up horses lie amid his fello Page 8 8 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. thieves wished to steal. Pressing rapidly along, nYarching day and nio-ht in most instances criminals guilty of these acts cannot be identi- fled, but I believe a higher tone of mor is and discipline may be infused in any Confederate soldier which will restrain hiiii from disgracing him- self and his countrymen by such deeds. Had ther& been less plnndei there wonld have been more fighting at Moorefleld on Snuday, Angnst 7. 4 tried, and was seconded by almost every officer of my command, but in vain, to preserve the discipline of this brigade, bnt it was ilupos- sible; not only the license afftrded was too great, but actual example gave them excuse and justification. In view of the necessity that the public service demands of the in- vestigation of this whole matter, and that the responsibility for the Moorefleld disaster be placed where it belongs, I respectfully ask that a court of inquiry be convened at once. I am, colonel, very respectfnlly, your obedient servant, RItAI)LEY T. JOHNSON, Brigadier- General. Lient. Col. A. S. PENDLETOK. Assistant 11 djU t~7U~ t- General. AUGUST 7NOVEMBER 28, 1864.The Shenandoah Valley Campaign. SU1VIMIAJRY oin TELiE PIL~INCIPAL EVIEINTS. Aug. 10, 1864.Skirmish near Stone Chapel, Va. 11, 1864.Action at Toll-Gate, near White Post, Va. Action near Newtown, Va. Skirmish near Winchester, Va. 12, 1864.Skirmish at Cedar Creek, Va. 13, 1864.Affair at Berryville, Va. Skirmish near Strasbnrg, Va. 14, 1864.Skirmish near Strasbnrg, Va. 15, 1864.Skirmish near Charlestown, W. V a. Skirmish at Cedar Creek, Va. Skirmish at Strasburg, Va. 16, 1864.Engagement at Cedarville (Gnard lull or Front Royal), Va. 17, 1864.Action at Winchester, Va. 18, 1864.Skirmish at Opequon Creek, Va. 19, 1864.Skirmish near Opequon Creek, on Ilerryville and Winchester 1dke, Va. Skirmish at Berryville, Va. 20, 1864.Skirmish at Berryville, Va. Skirmish at Opequon Creek, Va. 21, 1864.Skirmish near Summit Point, W. Va. Skirmish near Ilerryville, Va. Skirmish at Welchs (or Flowing) 8pri~g, near Charlestown, W. Va. Skirmish at Middleway, W. Va. 22, 1864.Skirmish at Charlestown, W. Va. 23, 1864.Skirmish at Kearneysville, xv. Va. 24, 1864.Skirmish at Halitown, W. Va. 25, 1864.Action near Kearneysville, W. Va. Action near Shepherdstown, W. Va. Skirmish at Halitown, W. Va~. 26, 1864.Action at Halitown, W. Va. Affair at Willianisport, Md Page 9 Cirip. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. Aug. 26, 1864.Skirmish near Charlestown, XV. Va. 27, 1864.Skirmish at ]DiiffielcVs Station, W. Va. 28, 1864.Skirmishes at Leetown and Smithfield, W. Va. 29, 1864.Engagement at Smithfield Crossing of the Opequon, W. Va. Skirmish at Charlestown, W. Va. 30, 1864.Skirmish near Smithfield, W. Va. 31, 1864.Skirmish at Martinsburg, W. Va. Sept. 1, 1864.Skirmish at Opequon Creek, XV. Va. 2, 1864.Skirmish at Darkesville, XV. Va. Action at Bunker Hill, XV. Va. 3, 1864.Engagement near Berryville, XTa. Action at Bunker Hill, XV. Va. 4, 1864.Skirmish at Berryvifle, Va. 5, 1864.Skirmish near Stephensons Depot, Va. 7, 1864.Skirmishes near Brucetown and near Winchester, XTa, 10, 1864.Skirmish at Darkesville, XXT. Va. 13, 1864.Skirmish at Bunker Hill, XV. V Affair near Berryville, Va. Skirmish at Abrahams Creek, near XViachcster, Va. Affair at Lockes Ford, Opequon Creek, XTa. Skirmish at Gilberts Ford, Opequoi Creek, Va. 14, 1864.Skirmish near Berryville, Va. 15, 1864.Skirmish at Seivers Ford, Opequon Creek, Va. 1617, 1864.Skirmishes at Snickers Gap, Va. 17, 1864.Affair at Limestone Ridge, Va. 18, 1864.Action near Martinsbnrg, XV. Va. 19, 1864.Battle of Winchester (or the Opequon), Va. 20, 1864.Skirmish at Middletown, Va. Skirmish at Strasburg, Va. Skirmish near Cedarville, Va. 21, 1864.Skirmish at Front Royal, Va. Skirmish at Strasburg, Va. Skirmish at Fishers Hill, Va. 22, 1864.Skirmish at Milford, Va. Battle of Fishers Hill, Va. 23, 1861.Skirmish at Front Royal, Va. Skirmish at XVoodstock, Va. Skirmish near Edenburg, Va. Skirmish at Mount Jackson, Va. 24, 1864. -Skirmish at Mount Jackson, Va. Skirmish at New Market, Va. Skirmish at Luray, Va. Skirmish at Forest Hill (or Timberville), Va. Skirmish near Winchester, XT:i.. 26, 1864.Skirmish at Port Republic, XTa. Skirmish at Weyers Cave, Va. Skirmish at Browns Gap, XTa. 27, 1864.Skirmish at Port Republic, Va. Skirmish at XVeyers Cave Va. 28, 1864.Skirmish at Rockfmsh Gap, Va.. Skirmish at 1~ort Republic, Va. 29, 1864.Skirmish at XVayneshorough, Va. Oct. 2, 1864.Skirmish at Mount Crawfomd, Va. Skirmish at Bridgewater, Va. 3, 1864. Skirmish at Mount Jackson, Va, Skirmish at North River, Va. Page 10 10 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Oct. 6, 1864.Skirmish near Brocks Gap, Va. Skirmish near Fishers Hill, Va. 7, 1864.Skirmish on the Back road, near Strasbnrg, Va. Skirmish near Columbia Furnace, V 8~ 1864.Skirmish in Luray Valley, Va. Skirmish at Toms Brook, Va. 9, 1864.Engagement at Toms Brook, Va. 13, 1864.Action at Cedar Creek, Va. 14, 1864.Skirmish at Strasbnrg (or Hnpps Bill), Va, Affair at Duffields Station, W. Va. 17, 1864.Affair at Cedar Ran Church, Va. 19, 1864.Battle of Cedar Creek, Va. 20, 1864.Skirmish at Fishers lull, Va. 23, 1864.Skirmish at Dry Thin, Va. 2526, 1864.Skirmishes at Milford, Va. 28, 1864.Skirmish near Newtown, Va. Nov. 7, 1864.Skirmish near Edenbnrg, Va. 10,1864. Skirmish near Kernstown, Va. 11, 1864.Skirmish near Keanstown, Va. 12, 1864.Action at Newtown (or Middletown), Va. Action at Cedar Creek, Va. Actiou at Nineveb, Va. 18, 1864.Skirmish at Kabletown, W. Va. 20, 1864.Skirmish at Kabletown,W. Va. 22, 1864.Action at Rudes Hill, near Mount Jackson, Va. Skirmish at Front Royal,Va. 24, 1864.Skirmish at Parkins Mill, Va. HEPOI-~TS, ThUC.~ No. 1.Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, commanding Middle Military Division, including operations August 4, 1864February 27, 1865. No ~ Itinerary of the U. S. Forces, commanded by Maj. Germ. Philip 11. Sheridan. No. 3.Organization of the Union forces, coinman(le(l 1)y Maj. Gen. Philip I-I. Sheri- dan, U. S. Army, at the battle of Winchester (or the Opequon), Va., September 19. No. 4Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, at the battle of Winchester (or tIme Opequon), Va., September 19. No. 5-Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Cen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, at Fishers Hill, Va., September 21 2~ No. 6.Organization of the ITnion forces, commanded by Maj: Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19. No. 7.Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Ma,j. Ccii. Philip 11. Sheridan, U. S. Army, at Cedar Creek, Va., October 19. No. 8.Surg. .James T. Chiselin, U. S. Army, Medical Director, Middle Military Division, of operations August 27December 31. No. 9.Capt. Ocran H. Howard, Sinnal Corps, IT. S. Army, Chief Signal Officer, of operations October 14November 1. No. 10.Lient. Edward L. Ilalsted, Fortietlm New York Infantry, Acting Chief Signal Officer, of operatiomis Septeniher 130. No. 11.Maj. Gen. horatio C. Wright, U. S. Army, commanding Sixth Army Corps, of operations August 6October 10 and October 19. * For report of Brig. Gen. William N. Pendleton, chief of artillery, Army of North- ern Virginia, and for diary of the First Army Corps covering operations iim the Shenandoah Valley, see Vol. XLII, Part I, pp. 858, 873 Page 11 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 11 No. 12.Brig. Gen. Emory Upton, IT. S. Army, commanding First Division, of oper- ations September 19. No. 13.Maj. Henry R. Dalton, Assistant Adjutant-General,U. S. Army, of operations of the First Division Septembcr 19. No. 14.Capt. Baldwin Hufty, Fourth New Jersey Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations Angust 10October 15 and October 19. No. 15.Lient. Col. Edward L. Campbell, Fifteenth New Jersey Infantry, command- ing First Brigade, of operations September 1922. No. 10.Capt. Baidwia Ilufty, Fourth New Jersey Infantry, of operations August 7October 18. No. 17.Brig. Cen. Emory Upton, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of oper- ations September 19. No. 15.Lient. Col. Egbert Olcott, One hundred and twenty-first New York Infan- try, commanding Second Brigade, of operations October 19. No. 19.-Col. Joseph E. Hamblin, Sixty-fifth New York Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations September 1923. No. 20.Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie, Second Connecticut Heavy Artillery, of oper- ations September 19 and 22. No. 21.Capt. Henry C. Fisk, Sixty-fifth New York Inthutry, of operations Septem- ber 1922. No. 22.Lient. Col. Egbert Olcoft, One hundred and twenty-first New York Infan- try, of operations September 22. No. 23.Capt. John D. P. Douw, One hundred and twenty-first New York Infantry, of operations September 1921. No. 24.Capt. Francis J. Randall, commanding Ninety-fifth and Ninety-sixlh Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations September 1927. No. 25.Cd. Oliver Edwards, Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Infantry, coimnanding Third Brigade, of operations Septeruber 19October 25. No. 20.Lient. Ccl. Baynton J. Hickman, Forty -ii inth Pennsylvania Infantry, of olleratIons September 19. No. 27.Cd. Isaac C. Bassett, Eighty-second Pci nsyl van i a Infantry, of operations September 19. No. 25.Lient. Col. Gideon Clark, One hundred and ijilieteentli Pennsylvania Infan- try, of operations September 19. No. 29.Capt. Elisha II. Ilbodes, Second liliode Islaiid Infantry, of operations September 19. No. 30.Capt. .John B. Dongbty, Fifth Wisconsin Infantry, of operations Septem- ber 19. No. 31.Brig. Gen. George XV. Getty, U. S. Army, commanding Second. I)ivision, of operations September 1922 and october 19. No. 32.Brig. Gen. Frank Wheaton, U. S. Army, conimanding First Brigade, of oper- ations September 19. No. 33.Col. James M. Warner, First Vermont heavy Artillery, coriinianding First Brigade, of operations September 2122 amal October 19. No. 34.Maj. Jamnes H. Coleman, One hundred amid second Pennsylvania Infantry, of o1)eratlons September 1922. No. 35.Maj. Robert Munroe, One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations September 19. No. 36.Capt. Janmes McGregor, One bundred and thirty-mmiiitli Pennsylvania Inf~in- try, of operations September 2122. No. 37.Lient. Col. John C. Parr, One humidred aiM thirty-ninth Pennsylvania In- fantry, of operations October 19. No. 35.Col. .Iames Al. Warmier, First Vermont Heavy Artillery, commanding Second Brigade, of operations September 1920 Page 12 12 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (ITAP. LV. No. 39.Col. George P. Foster, Fourth Vermont Ii~fantry, comrn:m(hng Seeon(l Bri- gade, of operations September 2122. No. 40.Brig. Cell. Lewis A. Grant, U. S. Army, connuandinr Secon(1 Brigade, of operations October 19. No. 41.Col. James M. Warner, First Vermont Heavy Artillery, of operations August 21. No. 42. Brig. Gen. Daniel D. I3idwell, iT. S. Army, commanding Third Briga(1e, of operations September 1922. No. 43.Col. Thomas XV. hyde, First Maine Veteran Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations October 19. No. 44.Maj. Stephen C. Fletcher, Seventh Maine Infantry, of operations Septem- her 22. No. 45.Maj. Charles A. Milliken, Forty-third New York Infantry, of operations September 22. No. 46.Lient. Col. Winsor B. French, Seventy-seventh New York Infantry, of iN)er- ations September 19 and October 19. No.47.Capt. David J. Taylor, Sixty-first 1~ennsylvania Infantry, of operations September 22. No. 45.Brio Gen. James B. Ricketts, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division, ~)f operations September 1922. No. 49.Cd. .1. Warren Keifer, One hnndred and tenth Ohio Infantry, command.ing Third Division, of operations October 19. No. 50.Col. Wihliani Emerson, One hundred and fifty-first New lork Infantry, com- manding First Brigade, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 51.C apt. Jacob .1. Janeway, Fourteenth New Jersey Infantry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 52.Capt. Peter Robertson, One hundred and sixth New York Infantry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 53.Lient. Col. Thomas M. Fay, One hnndred and fifty-first New York Infantry, of operations September 1922. No. 54.Lient. John A. Wolcott, One hnndred and fifty-first New York Infantry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 55.Maj. William D. Ferguson, One hundred and eighty-fourth New York Infan- try, of operations October 19. No. 56-Capt. Edgar M. Ruhi, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations September 19 and 22. No. 57.Capt. John A. Salsbury, Tenth Vermont Infantry, commanding Eighty- seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations October 19. No. 58.Capt. Lucius T. Hunt, Tenth Vermont Infantry, of operations September 19 and 22. No. 59.Lient. Col. Charles C. Chandler, Tenth Vermont lnfant-y, of operations October 19. No. 60.Col. .1. Warren Keifer. One hundred and tenth Ohio Infantry, coimnanding Second Brigade, of operations September 1922. No. 61.Col. William H. Ball, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio lnfantm-y, com- manding Second Brigade, of operations October 19. No. 62.Capt. Clifton K. Prentiss, Sixth Maryland Infantry, of operations Septeni- her 1925. No. 63.Maj. Joseph C. lull Sixth Maryland Infantry, of operatioiis October 19. No. 64.Maj. Charles Burgess, Ninth New York Iteavy Artillemy, (if operations September 19. No. 65.Maj. James XV. Snyder, Ninth New York heavy Artillery. (if operations October 19. No. 66.Lient. Col. Otho H. Binkley, One iiiin(lre(l an(1 tenth Ohio Infantry, of oper- ations September 1922 and October 19 Page 13 Cii~r. LY.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 13 No. 67.Col. William 11. Ball, One hundred and twenty-seeoll(l Ohio Infantry, of operations September 1922. No. 68.Lient. Col. Moses M. Granger, One loondred and twenty-second Ohio Infan- try, of operations October 19. No. 69.Capt. George \V. Hoge, One hnndre(l and twenty-sixflo Ohio loolinotry, of operations September 1922 aini October 19. No. 70Lient. John F. loillig, Sixtyseventh Pennsylvania Iii lauotry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 71.M~oj. Low-is A. May, One hundred nool thirty-eighth Peimnsylvani~o, Inflodry, of operations September 1922 and Oetober 19. No. 72.Col. Charles IT. Tompkins, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, eoonnoandiio g Artillery lirigade, of operations September 1922. No. 7~.-Capt. Greenleaf T. Stevens, Fifth Maine Battery, of operations September 19 and 22. No. 74.Capt. William 11. MeCartnev, First Massachusetts Battery, of operations 8e1)t.ember 1922. No. 75.Lient. Orsanins Ii. Van Etten, First New York Battery, of operations Sep- tember 19October 19. No. 76.Lient. Jacob H. Lamb, Battery C, First Rhode island Light Artillery, of oloerations September 19 and 22. No. 77.Capt. George NV. Adams, Battery C, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, of operations September 1924. No. 78.Capt.. James McKnight, Battery M, Fifth U. S. Nrtillery; (of (operations September 19 and October 19. No. 79.Bvt. Maj. Germ. William H. Emory, U. S. Army, coannandin g I )etaehment Nineteenth Army Corps, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 80.Capt. Elijah I). Taft, Fifth New York Battery, Chief of Artillery, of oper- ations September 1922. No. 8t.Brig. Con. William Dwight, commanding First Division, of operations So~ptember 1923. No. ~2.Brig. Gen. James W. MeMillan, U. S. Army, conunanolbog First 1)ivision, of operations October 19. No. 83.Bvt. Brig. Gen. Geor~e L. Real, Twenty-ninth Maine Infantry, conomanding First Brigade, of operations September 1922. No. 84.Brig. Gen. James NV. MeMillan, U. S. Army, commuandimog Secom id Brigade, of operations September 19. No. 83.Capt. Sidnofy E. Clark, Twelfth Connecticut Infantry, of operations Sep- tember 19 and 22. No. 56.Lient. Col. George N. Lewis, Twelfth Connecticut Infantry, of operations October 19. No. 87Lient. John V. Grant, Fifth New York Battery, (of operations Septem- ber 19. No. 8~.Brig. Germ. Cuvier Grover, U. S. Army, commanding Second Div~sion, of operations September 1923. No. 89.Brig. Ceo. H enryoV. Birge, U. S. Ar my, commanding Second Division, of operations October 1921. No. 90.Brig. Con. Henry NV. Birge, U. S. Army, comnoanding First Brigade, of opera tions September 1923. No). 91.Capt. Job11 C. Healy, Ninth Connecticut Infantry, of operatiomos October 19. No. 92.Maj. Benjamin F. Thurber, Seventy-fifth New York Infantry, of operations October 19. No. 93.Col. Edward L. Molinemix, Omme Imundreol and fiftynimotlm No,w York Inf:ontry, coommn)amldimmo Seconol Brigade, of oloerations September 1926 and Octo her 19 Page 14 14 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. No. 94.Lient. Col. William W. Darnall Eleventh Indiana Infantry, of operations October 19. No. 95.Col. Harvey Graham, Twenty-second Iowa Infantry, of operations Septem- ber 19-22 and October 19. No. 90.Col. Daniel Macauley, Eleventh Indiana Infantry, eommaudin~ Third Bri- gade, of operations September 2125. No. 97.Lient. Col. Alfred Neafie, One hundred and fifty-sixth New York Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of operations October 19. No. 98.Maj. Charles F. Allen, Thirty-eighth Massachusetts Infantry, of operations October 19. No. 99.Lieut. Col. Alfred Neafie, One hundred an(l fifty-sixth New York Infantry, of operations September 1930. No. 100.Col. David Skunk, Eighth Indiana Infantry, commanding Fourth Brigade, of operations September 1923 and October 19. No. 101.Lient. Col. Edward Wright, Twenty-fourth Iowa Infantry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. No. 102.Lient. Col. Bartholomew N. Wilson, Twenty-eighth Iowa Infantry, of operations September 19 and 22. No. 103.Capt. Albert W. Bradbury, First Maine Battery, of operations September 1926. No. 101.Licut. John S. Snow, First Maine Battery, of operations October 19. No. 105.Ma.j. Gen. George Crook, U. S. Army, cornlnan(ling Ar~y of West Virginia, of operations August 10September 18, September 19 and 22, and October 13 and 19. No. 106.Col. Joseph Thoburn, First West Virginia Infantry, conunanding First Division, of operations September 3, 19, and 22. No. 107.Col. Thomas M. 1-larris, Tenth Nest Virginia Infantry, commanding First Division, of operations October 13 an(l 19. No. 108. Col. George 1). Wells, Thirty-fourth Massachusetts Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations August 26 and Septembel 19 and 22. No. 109.Lient. Col. Thomas F. Wildies, One hundred and sixt~enth Ohio Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations October 19. No. 110.Capt. Andrew Potter, Thirty-fburth Massachusetts Infantry, of oper ions October 19. No. 111.Capt. Frederick C. Wilkie, Fifth New York heavy Artillery, ol ol)eratioiLs October 19. No 11~ Cinpt. Wilbert B. Teters, One hundred and sixteenth Ohio Infantry, of o~ierations October 19. No. 113.iMaj. horace Kellogg, One huudre(l a ind twenty-tin r(i Ohio Infantry, of operations October 19. No. 114.Lient. Col. John P. Linton, Fifty-fourth Penusylva nia liii antry, command- ing Third Brigade, of operations September 3. No. 115.Col. Thomas M. Harris, Tenth West Virvinia Infantry, commanding Third Brigade, of oi)erations September 19 and 22. No. 116.Capt. John Suter, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania latinutry, of operations October 19. No. 117.Maj. Henry H. Withers, Tenth XVest Virginia Infantry, of operat~ini5 October 19. No. 115.Lient. Col. Van H. Bukey, Elcventh West Virginia Inihutry, of operations October 19. No. 119.Maj. John W. Holliday, Fifteenth West Virginia in fantry, of operations September 3. No, 120.Col. Milton Wells, Fifteenth West Virginia Inlhntvy, d)f operations Octo- her 19 Page 15 / CHAP. LY.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 15 No. 121.Col. Isaac H. Duval, Ninth West Virginia Infantry, coimnanding Second Division, of operations August 22, 24, and 26, and Scptember 3. No. 122.Col. Rutherford B. Hayes, Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, commanding See- 01111 Division, of operations September 19 and 22 and October 19. No. 123.Col. Rutherford B. Hayes, Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations August 22 and 26 and September 3. No. 124.Col. Hiram F. Devol, Thirty-sixth Ohio Infantry, comnianding First Bri- gade, of operations October 19. No. 125.Licut. Col. James M. Comly, Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, of operations September 19 and 22 and October 19. No. 126.Col. Daniel D. Johnson, Fourteenth West Virginia Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations Augnst 24 and 26 and September 3. No. 127.Lient. Col. Benjamiu F. Coates, Ninety-first Ohio Infantry, commanding Second Bri ~ ade, of operations October 19. No. 125.Lient. Col. Benjamin F. Coates, Ninety-first Ohio Infantry, of operations Augnst 21. No. 129.i~1aj. Lemnel Z. Cadot, Ninety-first Ohio Infantry, of operations September 19 and 22 and October 19. No. 130.Capt. Henry A. Da Pout, Fifth U. S. Artillery, comiumandin Artillery Bri- gade, of operations October 19. No. 131.Capt. Frank C. Gibbs, Battery L, First Ohio Light Artillery, of operations October 19. No. 132.Licut. William Munk, Battery D, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery, of operations October 19. No. 133.Capt. Henry A. Du Pont, Battery B, Fifth U. S. Artillery, of operations October 19. No. 134.Bvt. Maj. Gen. Alfred T. A. Torbert, U. S. Army, Chief of Cavalry, of oper- ations August SOctober 31, November 12, and November 2123. No. 135.Bvt. Maj. Gen. Wesley Merritt, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, of operations August 9October 20. No. 136.Brig. Geim. George A. Custer, U. S. Army, commuamudimug First Brigade, of operations Septenmber 19. No. 137.Col. Jamnes Ii. Kidd, Sixth Michigan Cavalry, conmmuandimmg First Brigade, of operations September 26October 27. No. 135.Col. 1~eter Stagg, First Michigan Cavalry, of operations Septemuber 130. No. 139.Col. James H. Kidd, Sixth Michigan Cavalry, of operations August 3 October 19. No. 140.Maj. Charles W. Deane, Sixth Micbigamm Cavalry, of operations August 10-- October 5. No. 141.Maj. Melvin Brewer, First Michigan Cavalry, comunmanding First and Seventh Michigan Cavalry, of operations Angmmst 23. No. 142.Maj. Daniel If. Darling, Seventh Michigan Cavalry, 01 operatlons Novem- her 7. No. 143.Col. Louis P. Di Cesnola, Fourtim New York Cavalry, eonmmammding Second Brigade, of operations August 29. No. 144. Bvt. Brig. Gen. Thomnas C. Devin, Sixth New York (~avalry, conmmanding Second Brigade, of operations July 4October 21. No. 145.Maj. William E. Beardsley, Sixth New York Cavalry, of operations Au- gust 13. No. 146.Capt. George F. Farumer, Sixth New York Cavalry, of operations October 19. No. 147Col. Charles R.. Lowell, Jr., Second Massachusetts Ca calry, commanding Third Brigade, of operatmous August 93l. No. 148Col. Alfred Gibbs, Nimmeteentli New ~ork Cavalry (I~irst NeW hork 1)ragoomms), commandimug Reserve Brigauc, oi chucrations August 10September 1 Page 16 16 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. 1CnA~. LV. No. 149.Col. Charles IR. Lowell, j r., Second Massachusetts Cavalry, commanuilig Reserve Brigade, of operations September SOctober 4. No. 150.Lient. Col. Casper Crowninslileld, Second Massaclnisetts Cavalry, com- manding Reserve Brigade, of operations October 531. No. 151.Bvt. Maj. Gen. William NV. Averell, U. S. Army, conllliafl(ling Secon(l Division (Army of West Virginia), inclu(ling operations Angnst 3 September 23. No. 152.Brig. Cen. William 1-I. Powell, U. S. Army, coninianding Second Division (Army of West Virginia), of operations September 24October 27 and November 12. No 153 Col James M. Schoonmaker, Fourteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, command- ing First Brigade, of operations September 28. No. 151.Lients. Albert G. Hagne and John H. Nesmith, Fourteenth 1~ennsylvania Cavalry, of operations October 3. No. 155.Maj. Thomas Gibson, Fonrteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of operations October 23. No. 156.Brig. Gen. James 11. Wilson, U. S. Army, commanding Thircl Division, of operations July 31September 30. No. 157.Bvt. Maj. Gen. George A. Cnster, IJ. S. Army, commanding Third Division, of operations October 9 and 19. No. 158.Brig. Gen. John B. McIntosh, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade, of operations September 13 and 17. No. 159.Col. Alexander C. M. Pennington, Third New Jersey Cavalry, commanding First Brigade, of operations October 19December 10. No. 160.Lient. Col. Brayton Ives, First Connecticut Cavalry, of operations Oc- tober 18December 3. No. 161.Maj. John V. Allstrom, Third New Jersey Cavalry, of operations October ISDecember 5. No. 162.Maj. Walter C. linli, Secomi New York Cavalry, of operations October 9. No. 163.Lient. Col. Mortimer B. Birdseye, Second New York Cavalry, of operations October 18December 5. No. 164.Lient. Col. George A. Purington Second Ohio Cavalry, of operations Oc- tober 9. No. 165.Maj. John W. Phillips, Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of operations October 89. No. 166.Brig. Gen. George H. Chapnian, U. S. Army, comnianding Second Brigade, of operations Septeniber 1516. No. 167.Lient. Col. William H. Benjamin, Eighth New Xork Cavalry, of operations October 9. No. 168.Lient. Col. John NV. Bennett, First Vermont Cavalry, of ol)erations Septeni- ber 25October 22. No. 169.Maj. William G. Cummings, First Vernmont Cavalry, of operations October 22December 22. No. 170.Lient. Charles 1-1. Peirce, commanding Batteries B and L, Second U. S. Artillery, of operations October 9. No. 171.Medals of Honor awarded for distinguished services nader Resolution of Congress, No. 43, approved July 12, 1862, and section 6 of Act of Congress approved March 3, 1863. No. 172.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, of operations August 7November 22. No. 173.Lient. Ccii. .Tubal A. Early, C. S. Army, monnuanding Valley District, of olmerat ions September 17October 19. No. 174.journal of Capt. Jed. I1otchl~iss, lopographical Engineer Second Corps, Arnmy of Northern Virginia (Valley i)istrict.), of operations August 4 December 31. No. 175.Surg. A. Russell Mcciii, C. S. Army, of operations November 22. Page 17 On,. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 17 No. 17& CoL James P. ~lmms, Fifty-third Georgia Infantry, commanding brigade, Kershaws division, First (Longstreets) Corps, of operations August 8-. October 20. No. 177.Brig. Gem. James Conner, C. S. Army, commanding brigade, of operations September 18. No. 178.Nag. James N. (loggin, Assistant AdJntant..Gsneral, U.S. Army, commaS.. ing Conners brigade, of operations October 19. No. 179.Abstract from Inspection report of Smiths brigade, Whartofl division, for September 29. No. 180.u-.Abstraet from Inspection report of Pattons briga~1c, for September 29. No. 181.Brig. (len. Bryan Grimes, C. S. Army,commandlng Bodes (or Bamseurs) division, Second Army Corps, of operations October 18-19. No. 1StAbstract from Inspection report of Bodes? division, for September 80. No. 188.CoL DavidG. Cowand, Thlrty-secondNorthCarojjna Infantry, commanding Grimes? brigade, of operations June 18-December 81. No. 156.CoL John B. Winston, Forty.flfth North Carolina Infantry, commanding Forty-third and Forty-fifth North Carolina Infantry, of operations October 19. No. aAbstract from Inspection report of Gordons division, Earlys corps, for August 21. No. 18tNaJ. (len. Lunsford L. Lomax, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division, of operations September 19-November 2 and 12. No. 187.Brig. Ga. John Nedausland, C. S. Army, commanding brigade, of oper- ations November 12. No. 188.CoL Edwin G. Leo, Thirty-third Virginia Infantry, of operations Septem- ber29. No. 1. ruar, 27, 1865. HEADQuAnns MmDra MHSTaY DIvIsION, I. Camp Bight Mite. South of Winchester, Va., August 11, 1864. GuNna: I have the honor to report that at 5 oclock yesterday morning (10th) I marched my command from Harpers Ferry up the Shenandoah Valley, and went into position in the evening, with the right of my line resting at Clifton and left at Berryville. Lowells bri- gade of cavalry at Smumit Point, the balance of cavalry on the Mill- wood and Winchester pike. The enemy broke up camp at Bunker Hill at about the same hour, moved toward Winchester, and went into peal- lion, his right commanded by Breckinridge, on the Berryville pike, and left on road running from Summit Point to Winchester, his transporta. tion being at this pointWinchester. During the night this line was abandoned by him, excepting so much a rested on the Berryvilie pike, and a precipitate retreat towiird Staunton commenced. TheBerryville pike was given up by Breckinridge at about 9 a. m. to.day, and the movement of the entire force of the enemy was toward the Front Royal pike, down which it attempted to pass, but was prevented b~r General Merritt, after a sharp fight, in which he (Merritt) got possession of the pike, forcing the enemy to take the Strasburg and Cedar Creek road. At about 11 a. m. General Custer was crossed over Opequon Creek, advanced on Winchester, and opened with artille on the enemys column, while the infantry was moved up Opequon Creek, on the eas$ 2 S BVOL XL3II~ PT Page 18 18 OPERNTION~ IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. side and across the Miliwood and Front Royal pikes, toward Stephens- burg or Newtown. General Merritt at this time was ordered to strike the enemys column on the Strasburg road, at Stephensburg, and force huin still farther westward, or oblige him to give battle. In this move- ment General Merritt encountered Gordons division, repulsed an attack nntde by it at 6 oclock this p. in., and made a bold push to get between the enemy and Strasbnrg, and thereby compel him to fight. This plan, however, was frustrated by a l)recipitate retreat, a portion of the enemys forces passing over into Back Creek Valley. I will continue the pursuit in the morning. The stories of plunder taken from Mary- land are all humbugs. They have but very little, just enough to subsist upon, no more, most of which has been taken from this valley. My casualties to-day will number about 125 cavalrymen. The infan- try has not yet had an opportunity of being engaged. 1 have ordered the telegraph from Harpers Ferry to Cumberland repaired and the railroad to be put in running condition. I am as yet unable to state the exact number of prisoners taken today. Please telegraph this to General Grant. Yours, respectfully, SHERIDAN, Major- General, Commanding. Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLEcK, Chief of Staff, Washington, 1). (Copy forwarded to General Grant.) HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, Camp at Cedar Creek, August 12, 186112 midnight. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the following operations of my command to-day: In my dispatch of last evening I reported my advance near Stephens- burg or Newtown. This morning at 5 a. in. I i~sumed the march on Middletowim, iiear Cedar Creek, the cavalry and Sixth Corps passing through Newtown, the balance of the command marching across the conntry direct omi Middletowim, the whole command concentrating on Cedar Creek. near where the Strasburg pike crosses the creek. The enemy moved last night across Cedar Creek to Strasbuig. All his traimis were moved around by the Back Creek Valley road, crossnig Cedar Creek high up amid moving on Strasburg or Woodstock. A portion of my cavalry was detached at Stephensburg and struck the Back Creek Valley road, and followed the trains to the crossing of Cedar Creek, but did not succeed in capturing them. The enemy have made some show of resistance in. front of Strasburg. I amn yet unable to determine its character, and could not get my comnmand sufficiently in hand to attack him this evening. I will have to make a slight delay here to get up my supply trains from Harpers Ferry. They should reach Winchester to-night, coming here to-mnorrow forenoon. I regret that Grovers divis- ion was not permitted to come to Harpers Ferry, as I intended to use it as a strong guard for the subsistence trains. As they are now, the trains will be under the escort of Brigadier-C eneral Kenlys brigade (which is very small) as far as Winchester, amid one of General Wrights brigades fromn Winchester here. The prevailing report is that Lomig- streets corps is marching fromn Staunton to snpport Early, and Grover shQuld haye been permitted to hayc come out. General Duffi~ has no Page 19 CHAP. LV. I THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 19 vet joined me, nor has General Averell or General Wilson. Generals Wilson and Dnffi~ should have been here by this time, particularly the. latter. A telegram from Captain Leet and also one from General Max Weber locates Longstreet in the Valley, marching here. A telegram from Lieutenant-General Ciant received on the 9th stated that his (Loagstreets) corps was still at Petersburg. I wonl(l like to hear from Licutenant-Gencial Grant in reference to the truth of this report. Gen- eral Earlys train ms a very small onenot to exceed 25() wagonsand the stories abont accumulated plunder from Maryland are untrue. I am exceedingly anxious to hear whether Longstreet has left to come here or not. Very resl)ectfulhy, & c., P. II. SIIERH)AN, Ma or-General HALLECK, Major- General, Commanding. Chief of Ste ~/. WiNCHESTER, VA., August 17, 186410 ii. mu. (Received 11 p. mm) General Merritts division of cavalry was attacked -yesterday after- noon on north side of the Shenandoah by Kershaws division, of Long- streets corps, and Wickhains aiid Lomnaxs brigades of cavalry. After a very handsome cavalry tight the enemy were badly beaten, with a loss of 2 stand of colors, 24 officers, and 276 men prisoners. Most of the prisoners are from Longstreets corps amid Kershaws division. They came across the mountains from Culpeper, amid report large re-enforcements frommi Lees army arriving. The cavalry made some handsome saber charges, in which muost of the prisoners were captured. Colonel Bevin was slightly woumided, but continned iii the saddle. General Custer made a very narrow escape. Gimly I)evins and Cus- ters brigades were engaged. I am moving mny coummand to take up the positiomin uiear Berryville, which I ~idvised you of heretofore. P. II. SIIE1flI)AN, Major-General LIALLECK, Major- General. Chief of Sta~J HALUrOWN, W. VA., August 22, 18G11u.~O p. m. (Received 2 a. in. 23d.) Yesterday niorning the enemy crossed Opequon Creek at different crossings in the vicinity of Smithfield or Middleway, aml(l advanced on my position at Welchs S~n-ing-, two mniles west of Charlestown. Some skirmishing took place on the front of the Sixth Corps and of General Crooks command dum-nmg the day. The skirmnish line of the Sixth Corps drove the emieniy frommm the crest that they occupied in front of that corps. Skirimmishing also took 1)lace within cavalry at Sumniit Point and Ilerryville, but of not mnuch niomnent. My positiomi at best being a very bad one, and, as there is munch (hependilig on this army, I fell back and took a new position in front of Ilalltown, without loss or opposi- tion. This morning the enemy followed imp, and some little skirmishing has takeum place, but of no consequence. My loss yesterday was 275. Prisoners cah)tlmi-ed to-day report the whole of the enemy here with Longstreet. This latter I do not believe. One of his divisions is here Page 20 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AN]) PA. (OW. LV. No rebels inMartinsburg up to yesterday. Torbert is at Shepherdatown with his cavalry connecting with my right at this place. No enemy has crossed the lotomac, nor do I believe they wilL Averell is on the north side watching the fords above Shepherdstown. P. H. SHERIDAN, Major-Genral. Mt~j. Gen. H. W. HAuzoK, Chief of lit., HALLTowN, W. VA., August *5, 1864lO p. a. (Received 2 a. m. 24th.) I have nothing important to communicate to-night. The enemy seem to be in very stron; force. I made a reconnaissance on both my right and left flanks this afternoon with ca#alry. Fond Fitahugh Lee?s cavalry division and infantry on my left flank, on a little stream called Oat-tail Run, Lee~s cavalry pickets extending to the Shenandoah. On the right cavalry, infantry, and artillery were found at flowing Spring. No prisoners captured. It is reported by scouts, left behind by me near Winchester, that both Picketts and Fields divisions are here. This information is reported by them as coming frOm a Union man, at whose house they were concealed. They did not seethe. Dispatches from City Point contradict this positively. I have made my position here very stron. I do not believe that. Picketts and Fields divisions are here. Will know to-morrow. These various reports are embarrassing. I have pursued a cautions policy and on the defensive. There have been heavy rains in the mountains. Kelley has notified me tobook out for the pontoon bridges. ~. H. SHERWAN, Aftqjor-GeseraL x~g. Ga. H. W. HALLEOK Chief 0/Staff. HALLTowN, W. VA., August *4, 1864-.-9.8O p. a. (Received 1230 a. m. 25th.) I have the honor to report affairs here in about the same condition as yesterda. This morning GenerAl Crook made a reconnaissance, driving m the enemys advance line, punishing him severely, and cap turing twenty men belonging to Earlys corps. General Emory made a reconnaissance and encountered the enemy in strong forcein his front. I will commence operations with the cavalry to-morrow. I had cavalry at Martinsburg last night. No rebels there. The enemy have had a small infantry force there. Nothing has passed throughSnickers Gap. The enemy appears in doubt as to what he can do. U think I can com- pel him to abandon his prespnt position. My reports of to-day confirm the constant reports that $ have been receiving, namely, that Picketts and Fields division have joined Ea4 ~. H. SHERfl)AN, Jfqjor-GeaernL Ktj. Ge.. H. W. HArszoK Chiqf elatej Page 21 to. LV.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 21 HAILTowir, W. Vt, Sweat 25, 1864-8.80 p. en. There is no doubt of the presence here of a large portion of Long- streets corps, General Anderson commanding. Early and Breekin- ridge moved this mornin in the direction of Shepherdstown and were met by our cavalry near Kearneysvllle not far from Blue Spring or Lee- town. The cavalry was opposed byBreckinridges corps. After some skirmishing Wilsons division was ordered into its present position here, and ierritt to Shepherdstown. Merritt was followed and had to leave Shepherdstown and fall back he Ouster crossing to the north side at Shepherdstown. It is a I may have to cross the river to the north side, should the enemy cross. I have not yet cap- tured prisoners from any but Kershaws division, of Longstreets corps, but there is no doubt of General Anderson, who is temporarily in com- mand of that corps, being here. I have not heard from General Grant for three or four days. Have you anything from him? P. H. SHERIDAN 0Af#jor-Gekr4 Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLnoir, Chief of & .jt HaLLToWN, W. Vt, August 26,18648p. en. (ltecelved 10 a. m. 27th.) The movement of the enemy toward Shepherdstown yesterday amounted to nothing. It did not disturb me nor cause me to make any changes, except to send one division of cavalry to Antietam Creek, on the north side. No attempt was made to cross the ford although it was left open for the enemy. They must have retired to die vicinity of Charleston. Avereil reports cavalry in the vicinity of Williams- port and an attempt to cross; but no serious effqrt was made. This evening General Crook made a dash and drove in their heavy line ot skirmishers on the left, and Colonel Lowell took advantage of it to make a cavalry charge, capturing seven officers and sixty-nine privates of Kershaws division. Among the officers is one lieutenant-coloneL Ithinklcanmanagethisasir. I have thought it best to be very prudent, everything considered. P. H. SHERIDAN, Major-General HAuaor Major-GeneraL Chief o/stsjp HALLTowII, W. Vt, August 27, 18642.80 p. S. (Received8p.m.) The enemy left my front last night, falling back to Smithfield or Mid- dlewa. captured 101 prisoners yesterday and inflicted a loss of 150 killed and wounded. There have been ii kew feints to cross the river by cavalry at Wifliamsport, but there was no strength shown. Theindicationsto-dayarethatthey~jlj~~~ ontof the Valley. P. H. SHERIDAN, M& jor-General HALxac~K, Chief of Staff Page 22 [CHAP. LV~ 22 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CAMP o~ SMITHFIELD PIKE, THREE MILE8 AND A HALF FROM SMITHFIELD, VA., August 28, 18648.30 r. m. (IReceived 1.341) a. m. 29th.) The enemy yesterday and the iiight before moved from my front, con- centrating at Leetown an(I Smithfield. To-day I moved on these points. The enemy last night and this morning moved from these j)oints to Bunker Hill, holding the crossing of the Opeqnon, leaving their cavalry at Leetown amid Smithfield. General Merritt, with the First Cavalry Division, attacked them at Leetown, drove them from that place, and, after a handsome engagement, routed them at Smith- field and drove them across Opequon Creek. The cavalry engaged was Fitz Lees. The enemys cavalry pickets on the west bank of Opequon were relieved by infantry abont night-fall. The enemy are concentrated at Bunker Hill from all reports. Whether they have left that point for Winchester is doubtful. I will be able to find out in the morning. Several handsome cavalry charges were made in the engage- ment of the First Divi~ion. The enemy suffered quite severely. Our loss was not very heavy. JIajo i- (Yn cial. Maj. (}eu. 14. W. iIALLmWK. CHAIiLESTOWN, N\. VA., 8~eptember 1, 18649.30 a. in. (Ileceived 1.30 p. ma.) Averell, who was at Martinsbnrg, was obliged to fall back to a poiiit between Hainesville and Williamsport. I think that he will be able to advance again to-day. The two divisions sent to the rear have not yet accomplished anything, even to giving me information whether the enemy had sent any considerable force of troops from the Valley. I wanted to get between Strasbnrg an(l the remaining force. For thins reason I have remained quiet here for the last day or two. The reports of the licople are that the troops have been ordered back to Richmond. As yet, I have no good reason to believe that any have left. P. II. SIIERI1)AN, Major- General. P. 5.I have just heard froni Averell. As I supposed, the affair was not of much consequence, and lie is going back to Martinsburg. P. 11. 5. Major-General HALLECK, Chif qt kS1taft. CHARLESTOWN, \Y. VA., SeptenTher 2, 18646 r mu. .Yesterday I directeU Torbert, with his cavalry, to drive in the enemys pickets on the Opequomi as far as the Front Royal pike, and to reach the Strasbnrg pike if possible, for the purpose of gaimming information. This was done and it was found that none of the emienmys troops had, up to that timne, left the Valley. To-day Averell attacked the enemy on the NV inchiester and Martinsburg pike, driving Vaughns cavalry from Bumiker Hill, captnring some of his wagon train and a number of pris- oners. I have not yet received Averells official report. The enemys infantry coinimmenced ino~iii g toward Winch ester this in ornin g. I will move to-night. ~. H. ShERIDAN, Major- General. Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK Page 23 Gnat. LV] flE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 28 dnmzsTowx, W. VA., Septeuiber 2,18647.80 p.m. Official dispatch from Averell confirnis my previous telegram ad the capture of 20 or 23 wagons, 2 battle-flags, and some prisoners. Early and his command commenced moving to-day. 1 have sent two divis- ions of cavalry to the Front Royal pike. H. SHflIDAN, Maj. (len. H. W. TTMJZCK, Itfajor-GeneroJ. Chief of titaf CLIrrON, NEAR EEnrvna, VA., September 4, 18644 p. S. Yesterday evening, just before dark, Kershaws division attacked Crook on the Berryvifle pike, and was handsomely repulsed, with a loss of 50 prisoners and over 200 killed and wounded. To-day has been. spent on both sides without ay results. The indications look to a engagement to-morrow. P.11. SHERIDAN, Ma]. (ion. H. W. HiLLEOK Major-GeneraL OAk! 0/ Staf NZAB BmYvILLU, VA., September 5, 186411 p.m. (Received 12 rn. 0th.) In my dispatch of yesterday I supposed that an en~ment would probably take place to-day, but the enemy withditw during the night to the west side of the Opequon. I have not been able to veri4 the reports that ay portion of the rebel troops in the Valley have as yet left for Richmond. Yesterday and to-day I have had prisoners from Earlys corps, Kershaws division, and from Fitzhugh Lees cavalry. I haye had no prisoners from Breckinridge?s corps for three days, but have had other information from prisoners, from scouts who have been to Winchester, and from my cavalry, who have been to the Front Royal ad Strasburg pike, that as yet no rebel troops have gone toward Richmond. My estimate of Earl s force is about 27,000 infantry. Ca twin Blazers compay of mounted men, of Gener~al Crooks commad,hadaflght with Mosby yesterday. Killed 2 officers and fl men ad cap~ 8 men; also a number of horses and equipments. Our cavalry captufred 1 officer and 8 men. The enemys lose, in thefr attack on General Crook yesterday was greater than I first reported. They left a num- ber of their dead unburied. P. H. SHERIDAN. Major-General. HALLECK. Na& n BEnrnLuu, VA., September 6, 1864) p. m. (Received 1.25 a. m. 9th.) Nothing important to report to-day. I moved General Crook to Summit Point as Rodes moved from Stephensons Depot to Brucetown. Yesterday Wilsons cavalry division crossed the Opequon and went In Page 24 24 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [GNAW. LV. the direction of Winchester; met by Kershaws division. Kershaw is on Earlys right, covering the B~e pike. I telegraphed you some time ago that Lieutenant-General Anderson was here. He has not assumed command (being senior to Early), as only a part of his corps Is here, but thRt he is here is unquestionable. There is no truth in tile new~~ report of the loss of Orcoks ambulance train. Only one ambulance was lost and some twelve or thirteen horses. The train was attacked and badly stampeded by six of Mosbys men. P. H. SHERIDAN, Afqjor-GeseraL Mj. Geu. H. W. HALLEOK, Chief of Stajt NEAR BflnvILLu, Vi., Septeusber 9,18649.80 p. a. (Received 8.30 L m. 10th.) Nothing important to report to-day. My cavalry drove the pickots of Breckinridge?s corps from Opequon Creek, burned 4 Souring mills, and captured 2 officers and 8 men of Breckinridge?s an The Potomac rose beyond fording last night, and I transferred to east side of Opequon Creek AvereiPs train and a portion of his cavalry; still hold-, ingMartinsburg pike, near Thinker Hill, and across to Gerrardstown. P. H. SHERIDAN, Jfajor-Ge,seraL Miii. Gen. H. W. HALLEOK, Chief of Staff. Nm BnnflLLu, Spteu.bw 18, 1864-7 p. en. (Received 14th.) This mowing I sent General Gettys division of the Sixth Co with two brigades of cavalry, to the crossing ot tie Summit Point and Winchester road, over Opequon Creek, to develop the force of the enemy at the crossing in that vicinity. Rodes, Bamseurs, Gordons, and Wbartons division were found on the west bank. At the same time General Wilson, with McIntoshs brigade of cavalry, dashed up the Winchester pike, drove the rebel cavalry at a run, came in contact with Kershaws division, charged it, and captured-the Eighth South Carolina Regiment (16 officers and 145 men) and its battle-flag, and Colonel Henagan, commanding brigade, with a loss of only 2 men killed and 2 wounded. Great credit is due to Generals Wilson, McIntosh, and Third New Jersey ad Second Ohio. The char was a gallant one. A portion of the Second Massachusetts, Reserve Brigade, made a charge on the right of our line and captured 1 officer and 11 men of Gordons division of infantry. Our loss m the reconnaissance is very light. P. H. SHERIDAN, Mqjor-GeuseraL Lieutenant-General GnaT. - - WnronsTEn, September 19, i864-7~90 p. a. I have the honor to report that I attacked the forees of General Early on the Berryville pike at the crossing of Opequon Creek, and after a most stubborn and sanguinary engagement, which lasted fro Page 25 CHAP. LV.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 25 early in the morning until 5 oclock in the evening, completely defeated him, and, driving him through Winchester, captured about 2,500 pris- oners, 5 pieces of artillery, 9 army flags, and most of their wounded. The rebel General Rodes and General Gordon were killed,* and three other general officers wounded. Most of the enemys wounded and all t1ieii~ killed fell into oar hands. Our losses are severe, among them General D. A. iRussell, commanding division in the Sixth Corps, who was killed by a cannon-ball. Generals Upton, Mcintosh, and Chap- man are wounded. I cannot yet tell our losses. The conduct of the officers and men was most superb. They charged and carried every position taken up by the rebels from Opequon Creek to Winchester. The enemy were strong in number and very obstinate in their fighting. I desire to mention to the lieutenant-general commanding the army the gallant conduct of Generals Wright, Crook, Emory, Torbert, and the )thcers an(1 mcii under their command; to them the country is in(lebted for this handsome victory. A more detailed rel)ort will be forwarded. P. 11. SHERIDAN, Li entem ant-Gei eral GRANT. Major- General. STRASUURG, & ~ptember 20, 18619 p. m. (Received 21st.) I have the honor to report my command at Strasburg. My troops were so much fatigued by their work yesterday that I was only able to fellow the enemy a short distance south of Winchester last night. My infantry marched from Winchester to Strasburg to-day. 1 could not get ready to attack the enemy before night. Early was badly whipped yesterday. I have not yet received full reports. The enemy left in Winchester over 3,000 wounded. We captured 5 pieces of artillery, a number of caissons, 4,000 stand of small-arms. My estimate of Earlys loss yesterday is over 7,000. He lost the following general officers: Rodes and Godwmn, killed; Gordon, wounded mortally; Terry, Hays, - Fitz Lee, and Bradley Johnson, wounded. General Ramseur reported by citizens as wounded; this is doubtful. My casualties will be about 4,000; no accurate returns received. Colonel Duval, commanding division in Crooks army, was wounded. General C wounded; lie is now on duty. hapman was slightly P.11. SHERIDAN, Lieutenant-General GRANT. M(~jor- General. STRA5BURG, & ptember 20, 13649.30 p. m. (Received 21st.) In consequence of a report that I received from Averell that Early had ~marched two divisions of his command down to Martinsburg, I changed the programme that I spoke about when I saw you at Charles- town, and moved directly up the Berryville pike. The information that Early had marched two divisions to Martinsburg was incorrect, and I found his whole force, excepting Kershaws division, which was at Front Royal, in my front. I then attempted, by swinging round A mistake as to Gordon. Reference is probably to General A. C. Godwin, who was killed Page 26 if 26 OPERATIONS IN t VA., W. VA., MD., All) PA. (030. LI. my left flank, to cut him off from Winchester. ~!his movement would have been entirely successful if it had not been for the unfortunate giving way of a part of Bicketts division, Sixth Corps, and. portion of the Nineteenth Corps, which came back in confusion. This mishap was soon remedied by the good conduct of Uptons brigade, of the First Division, Sixth Corps. The enemy then attempted to turn my right flank, but General Crook who was up to that time held in reserve, went in and turned their left. Our whole line then advanced beauti- fully, routing the enemy at every point From the best sources of in- formation that I have karlys strength is much greater than your esti- mate. The people of Winchester say that Early had yesterda on the field 28~OOOinfantry. One of my staff; who was captured yesterday, and released by Early near this place this morning, and saw all their foroe, estimates it at least that number I can scarcely think, however, that it is as high as these figures. The eujagement was a very handsom9 one, the lines at different points being in the open field. P. H. SHERIDAN, M.jor-GeueraL Lieutenant-General GRANT. STRAsRURG, September *1, 18648.SO p. a (Received 22d.) I have the honor to report that General Wilsons cavalry division charged the enemy at Front Royal this morning, and drove them from Front Royal up the Luray Valley for adistanceof six miles. I directed two brigades of the First Cavalry Division, with General Wilsons di- vision, to follow the enemy up that valley and to push them vigorously~ The enemys infantry occupy a very strongly fortified position In my lront, across the Strasbuig valley. Heavy fighting occurred during the day between the Sixth Corps and the enemy, and late in the even- ing a sharp fight took place between a brigade of the SecondDivision, Sixth Corps, and two or three regiments of the Third Division, Sixth Corps, (and the enemy,J in which the enemy was driven from a strong crest, and the crest held. P. H. SHERIDAN, Mqjor-GeueraL Lieutenant-General GRANT. HEADQUARTERS MiDDLE MILITARY Dmsiow, Sir Kiln/ron Woodatook (Received 23d.) I have the honor to report that I achieved a most signal victory over the army of General Early at Fishers Hill to-day. 1 found the rebel army posted with its right resting on the North Fork of the Shenandoah, and extending across the Strasburg valley westward to North Moun- tain, occupying a position which appeared almost impregnable. After a great deal of maneuvering during the day, General Crooks com- mand was transferred to the extreme right of the line on North Moun- tain, and he furionsly attacked the left of the enemys line, carrying everything before him. While Crook was drivin; the enemy in the greatest confusion and sweeping don behind their breast-works, th Page 27 CHAP. LV.1 TUE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN, 27 Sixth and Nineteenth Army Corps attacked the rebel works in front, and the whole rebel army appeared to be broken up. They fled in the utmost confusion. Sixteen pieces of artillery were captured; also a great many caissons, artillery horses, & c. I am to-night pushing on (Iowa the Valley. I cannot say how many prisoners I have captured, nor (10 I know either my own or the enemys casualties; only darkness has saved the whole of Earlys army from total destruction. My attack could not be made until 4 oclock in the evening, which left but little (laylight to operate in. The First and Third Cavalry Divisions went down Luray Valley to-day, and if they push on vigorously to time main valley, the result of this days engagement will be still more signal. The victory was very complete. A more detailed report will be mna(Ie as soon as I cait obtain the Itecessary data. P. II. SHERIDAN, ill ajor- General, Commanding. Lieutenant-General GRANT. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, Woodstoelc, Va., September 23, iSGI8 a. m. I cannot as yet give you any definite account of the results of the battle of yesterday; our loss will be light. General Crook struck the left hank of the enemy, doubled it up, advancing down along their line. Ricketts division, of Sixth Army Corps, swung in and joined Crook. Gettys and Wheatons divisions taking up the same movement, followed by the whole line, and, attacking beautifully, carried the works of the enemy. The rebels threw down their arms and fled in the greatest confusion, abandoning most of their artillery. It was dark beThre the battle ended. I pursued on after the enemy during the night to this point, with the Sixth and Nineteenth Army Corps, and have stopl)ed here to rest the men and issue rations. If General Tor- bert has 1)uslied down the Luray Valley according to my directions, he will achieve great results. I do not think that there ever was an armny so badly routed. The Valley soldiers are hiding away and going to their homes. I cannot at present give you any estimate of prisoners. I pushed on regardless of everything. The number of pieces o reported captured is sixteen. f artillery P. II. SHERIDAN, Major- General. Lieutenant-General GRANT. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MiLITARY DIVISION, Two Miles from iEdenburg, September 24, 18GiG p. m. (Received 25th.) The result of the battle of Fishers Hill gives us 20 pieces of artil- lery, 1,100 prisoners of war, a large amount of artillery ammunition, caissons, limbers, & c. Eam-ly expected to stay at Fishers Hill, and had placed all his artillery ammunition behind the breast-works. A large amount of intrenching tools, small-armus, and dThris were also taken; no accurate list received. I have been (hisappointed in the cavalry operations which were to have fo~-meO a l)~m vt of this battle. My advanc Page 28 28. OPERATIONS IN N. VA., \V. VA., MD., ANI) PA. [ChAP. LV. was near Mount Jackson last night. The whole army is now moving forward. The country and small towns through this valley have a great many of the enemys wounded. P. H. ShERIDAN, ]Ifajor- General, (Jam in (1fl ding. Lientenant-G eneral GRANT, (Jo mm anding Arm. ics o/ lit e U4tiled #St~ tes. Six MILES SouTH OF NEW MARKET, September 24, t-6411.oO p. m. (hieceived 26th.) I have the honor to report that I drove the enemy from Mount Jack- son to six miles beyond New Market without being able to bring on an engagement. The enemy moved rapidly. I had no cavalry present to hold them. General Torbert attacked Wickhams men at Luray, and captured 100 prisoners. I have found rebel hospitals in all the towns from Winchester up to this place, all containing a number of wounded. I am now eighty miles from Martinsburg, and find it exceedingly diffi- cult to supply this army. The engagements of Winchester and Fishers Hill broke up my original plan of pushing up the Valley with a certain amount of supplies and then returning. There is not sufficient in the Valley to live off the conutry. I should have mentioned sonic days ago that Kershaws division left for Richmond about the 16th or 17th of September. When I last heard from it it was at Sperryvihle. It is reported to me that it has returned to the Valley. No other troops have left Early, either of cavalry or infantry. I3reckinridge has gone in person to command the Department of the Southwest. P. H. SHERIDAN, Major- General. Lieutenant-General Gn ANT. HAREISONIIVRG, September 25, 18G411.20 p. m. (Received 27th.) I pressed th~ enemy hard yesterday; at the same time pushed forward Colonel Powells cavalry through Timberville, and struck the Valley pike in his rear. This latter movement stampeded him so badly that late last evening lie gave up the Valley pike and struck off toward Keezietown and Port Republic, leaving the entire valley way free. All my infantry arrived at Harrisonbnrg at 4 p. in. to-day. Colonel Pow- ells cavalry reached Mount Crawford to-night. Torberts cavalry over- took me this evening. Its operations in the Jiuray Valley, on which I calculated so much, were an entire thilure. They were held at Milford by two small brigades of Fitz Lees cavalry, and then fell back toward Front Royal until after they had learned of our success at Fishers Ilill. They then l)roceeded imp the valley again, encountering the enemys cavalry at Luray, capturing some 75 or 80 men and horses; then joined me, via New Market. Powells cavalry whipped a por- tion of the enemys cavalry near Harrisonbnrg yesterday; captured amid burned 9 wagons. I find at this place 450 wonimded. I am now ninety-four miles from Martinsburg and 104 miles from Harpers Ferry. I will send a column of cavalry to Staunton to-morrow morning, amid will probably follow the enemy in the direction of Port Republic wit Page 29 CRAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 29 the infantry. Every hour brings me additional information of the demoralization of Earlys army. Reports late this evening say that he is moving toward Charlottesville; other reports are that he is going to Waynesborough. The part that I expected the cavalry to accomplish at Fishers Hill was a complete failure. I have relieved Averell from his command. Instead of following the enemy when he was broken at Fishers Hill, so that there was not a cavalry organization left, he went into camp, and let me pursue the enemy for a distance of fifteen miles with infantry during the night. Early burned quite a number ot wagons on his way up the Valley. He also abandoned two caissons on the Keezletown road not far from this place. P. H. SHERIDAN, Lienten alit-General GRANT. ililiajor- General. HARRJSONBURG, VA., & ptember 26, 18647 r. rn. (Received October 1.) GENERAL: I see a paragraph going the rounds of the papers that the Nineteenth Army Corps was late in coming into the fight at Winchester. I was entirely unconscious of this until 1 saw it in the papers. This statement was made by li. L. Shelley. I wish to say that it is incor-~ red-, and that this correspondent was arrested by my order on a previons occasion for writing untruthful accounts. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. H. SHERIDAN, Micijo r- General, Commanding. Lieutenant-General GRANT. IIARRJsO~BURG, Seplember 29, 18647.30 p. in. (Received October 2.) In my last dispatch I informed you that I pressed Early so closely through New Market, at the same time sending cavalry around his flank, that he gave up the Valley and took to the mountains, passing through Browns Gap. I kept up the pursuit to Port Republic, destroying 75 wagons and 4 caissons. I sent Geiieral Torbert, who overtook me at Harrisonbnrg, to Staunton with Wilsons division of cavalry and one brigade of Merritts. Torbert entered Staunton on the 26th, and destroyed a large quantity of rebel Government property harness, saddles, small-arms, hard bread, flour, repair shops, & c. He then proceeded to Waynesborougli, destroying the iron bridge over the South Branch of the Shenandoah, seven miles of track, the depot buildings, Government tannery, and a large amount of leather, flour, and stores, & c., at that place. He found the tunnel defended by in- fantry, and retired via Staunton, destroying, according to your orig- inal instructions to me. This morning I sent around Merritts and Custers divisions, via Piedmont, to burn grain, & c., pursuant to your instructions. My impression is that most of the troops which Early had left passed through the mountains to Charlottesville. Kershaws division came to his assistance, aiid, I think, passed along the west base of the mountains to Waynesborough. The advance of my infantry is at Mount Crawford, eight miles south of Harrisonbnrg. I will go on and clean out tho Valley. I am getting twenty-five to forty prisoner Page 30 30 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. daily, who come in from the mountains on each side and deliver them- selves up. From the most reliable accounts, Earlys army was corn- I)letely broken up and is dispirited. It will be exceedingly (liftidilit for me to carry the infantry Cohilnhl over the nionntaiiis and strike at the Central road. 11 cannot accumulate sufticient stores to (10 S~, and think it best to take some position iiear Front Royal, an(1 operate with the cavalry and infantry. I will, however, stay here for a few days. Kershaw had not reached Richmond, but was somewhere in the vicin- ity of Gordonsville, when lie rcceive(l orders to rejoin Early. The destruction of the grain and forage from here to Staunton will be a terrible blow to theni. All the grain, forage, & c., in the vicinity of Staunton was retained for the nse of Earlys army; all in the lower part of the Valley was shipped to Rich~nond for the use of Lees army. The country from here to Staunton was abundantly sfl1)plied with forage and grain, & c. P. ii. SHERIDAN, Lieutenant-General 0-RANT. General. WOODSTOCK, October i; 1~~M9 p. m. (Received 9th.) I have the honor to report my command at this point to-night. I commenced moving back from Port Republic, Mount Crawford, Bridge- water, and Harrisonburg yesterday morning. The g-rain and lorage in advance of these points up to Staunton had previously been destroyed. In moving back to this point the whole country from the Blue Rid~e to the North Mountains has been made untenable for a rebel army. 1 have destroyed over 2,000 barns filled with wheat, hay, and farming iml)le- inents; over seventy mills filled with flour and wheat; have driven in front of the army over 4~,OO0] head of stock, all(l have killed and issued to the troops not less than 3,000 sheep. Tins destruc- tion embraces the Luray Valley and Little Fort Valley, as well as the maui valley. A large number of horses have been obtained, a proper estimate of which I cannot now make. Lient. John R. Meigs, my engineer officer, was murdered beyond llarrisonburg, near Dayton. For this atrocious act all the houses within an area of five miles were burned. Since I came into the Valley, from Harpers Ferry up to lIar- risonburg, every train, every small ~)arty, and every straggler has beemi bushwhacked by people, many of whom have protectioli papers from commanders who have been hitherto iii this valley. From the vicinity of Ha~risonburg over 400 wagon-loads of refugees have been sent back to Martinsburg; most of these people were l)unkers and had beemi conscripted. The I)eople here are getting sick ot the war; heretofore they have had no reason to complain, because they lnmve been living in great abundance. I have not been followed by the enemy up to this l)Oint, with tIme exception of a small force of rebel cavalry that showed themselves some distance behind may rear guard to-day. A part~T of 100 of the Eighth Ohio Cavalry, which I had stationed at the bridge over the North Shenandoah, near Mount iackson, was attacked by MeNeill, with. seventeen mnemi; report they were asleep, an(1 the whole party dmspersed or captured. I tlmink that they will all turn up; I learn that fifty-six of them have Veaclied Winchester. MeNeill was mortally wounded and fell imito our hands. This was fortunate, as lie was the most daring and dangerous of all the bushwhackers in this section of th Page 31 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 31 coiiiitry. I would have preferred sending troops to you by the Baltimore aiid Ohio Railroad; it would have been the quickest and most concealed way of sending them. The keeping open of the roa(l to Front Royal will require large guards to l)rotect it against a very small number of l)aUtisall troops. It also obliges inc to have a poiitoon traii, if it is to be kep toJ)en, to bridge the Shenandoah and keel) llj) communication with X\ itichester. However, in a day or two I can tell better. I sent a ~arty ot cavalry through Thorntons (1 ap, and (lirected the balance of the division of cavalry which I have left in the Valley to take position at i\Iillwood, occupying Chester Gap and Front Royal. Thorntons Gap I have given up, as of no value. With this disposition of forces, I will move utd the mountains via i~ifantrv ron , Strasbing, as soon as possible. To-morrow I will continue the destruction of wheat, forage, & c., (io~vn to Fishers Hill. When this is coinplete(l the Valley, from Winchester up to Staunton, ninety-two miles, will have but little in it for man or beast. In previous dispatches I have nsed lower Valley when I should hive ~aicl ~ upper Valley, or, in other words, in my last dispatch I intended to say that the grain and forage from Staunton up to Lex- ington had been sent to Richmond, and that the grain aiid forage from Staunton to Strasburg had been left for the wintering of Earlys army. Yesterday Coloiiel Powell captured a guerrilla camp on the mountains, with ten wagons and t~aius. P. H. SHERIDAN, Lieutenant-General GRANT. M(yor- General. STUA5BURG. October 9, 18G412 midnight. (Received 11th.) In coming back to this point I was imot followed in until late yester- day, when a large force of cavalry appeared in my rear. I then halted the command to offer battle by attacking the enemy. I became satis- fied that it was only all the rebel cavalry of the Valley commanded by Rosser, and directed Torbert to attack at daylight this morning and finish this Savior of the Valley. The attack was handsomely made. Custer, commnaimding Third Cavalry Division, charge(l on the Back road, and Merritt, commanding First Cavalry Division, on the Strasburg pike. Merritt captured five pieces of artillery. Custer captured six pieces of artillery, with caissons, battery forge, & e. The two divisions cap- tured thirty-sex-en wagons, ambulances, & c. Among the wagons cap- tured are the headquarters wagons of Rosser, Lomnax, amid Wickhain, and Colonel Pollard [Munford G?J The number of ~)risoiiers captured will be about 33g. The enemy after being charged by our gallant cav- alry were broken, and ran; they were followed byour mcii on the jump twenty- six miles through Mount Jackson and across the North Fork of the Shenandoah. I deemed it best to make this delay of one day here and settle this new cavalry general. The eleven pieces of artil- lery captured to-day make thirty-six pieces of artillery captured in the Valley since the 19th of September. Some of the artillery captured was new amid never had been fired before. The pieces were marked, Tredegar Works. P. II. SIIERII)AN, ALalor- General. Licuteimamit-Geireral GRANT Page 32 82 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ow. LV. CEDAR CREEK, October 11, 18647 p. a. (Beceived 12th.) I have seen no signs of the enemy since the brilliant engagement of the 9th instant. It was a square cavalry fight, in whjch the enemy was routed beyond my power to describe. He lost everything carriedon wheels except one piece of artilbiry, and when last seen it was passing over Rudes Hill,. near New Market, on the keen run, twenty-six miles from the battle-field, to which point the pursuit was kept up. The batteryrnen and horses, & c. were captured. The horses were all in goed condition, but were all exchanged by our own cay en for their. broken-don animals. I have given you but a faint idea of the~ cleaning out of the stock, forage, wheat, provisions, & c in the Valley. The casualties of the 9th will not exceed sixty men. I~he 100 men of the Eighth Ohio, dispersed while guarding the bridge over the North Shenandoah, have come in, except the officers. Lieutenant-Colonel Tolles, my chief quartermaster, and Ant. Burg. Emil Oblenschlager, medical inspector on my stat; were both mortally wounded by guer- rillas to-da on their way to join me from Winchester; they were ambuscaded. Three men were killed and five Wounded out of an escort of twenty-four. The refugees from Earlys army, cavalry and infantry are organizing guerrilla parties and.are becominq very formidable and are annoying me very much. I know of no way to exterminate them except to burn out the whole country and let the people go North or South. If I attempt to ca tare them by sending out parties, they escape to the mountains on Rest horses. P. H. SHERIDAN, M*r-GeseraL Colonel Powell, commanding cavalry division, on the 5th instant, cut down the railroad bridge over the Rapidan and tlzrew it into the river. Lieutenant-General GRANT. CEDAR Cnn, October 19, 186419 p. a. (Received 3 p. m. 20th.) I have the honor to report that my army at Cedar Creek was attacked this morning before daylight and my left was turned and driven in confusion; in fact, most of the line was driven in confusion, with the loss of twenty pieces of artillery. I hastened from Winchester, where I was on my return from Washington, and joined the army between Middletown and Newton, having been driven back a u ur miles. I here took the affair in hand and quickly united the corps, formed a compact line of battle just in time to repulse an attack of the ene- mys, which was handsomely done at a~ut1p. in.. At 8 p.m., after some changes of the cavalry from the left to the right flank, I attacked with great vigor, driving and routing the enemy, capturing, according to last reports, forty-three pieces of artillery and very many prisoners. I do not now the number of my ties or the losses of the enemy. Wagon trains, ambulances, a~xd caissons in large nuin- ben, are in our possession. They also burned some of their trains. General Ramseur is a prisoner in our hands, severely, and perhaps mortally, wounded. I have to regret the loss of General Bidw4krn~, and Generals Wright, Gr6ver, and Ricketts woundedWright slightly wounded. Affairs at times looked badly, but by the gallantry of ou Page 33 CHAP. LV.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CA~lPAIGN. 33 brave officers and men disaster has been converted into a splendid victory. Darkness again intervened to shut off greater results. I now occupy Strasburg. As soon as obtained I will send you further particulars. P. II. SHERIDAN, Lieutenant-General GRANT. Major- General. CEDAR CREEK, October 20, 186411.30 a. m. (Received 12 m. 21st.) We have again been favored by a great victorya victory won from disaster by the gallantry of our officers and men. The attack on the enemy was made about 3 p. m. by a left half-wheel of the whole line, with a division of cavalry turning each flank of the enemy, the whole line a(lvancing. The enemy, after a stubborn resistance, broke and fled, and were pushed with vigor. The artillery captured will probably be over fifty piecesthis, of course, includes what was captured from oui~ troops in the early morning. At least 1,600 prison ers have been brought in; also wagons and ambulances in large numbers. This morning the cavalry made a dash at Fishers Hill and carried it, the enemy having fled during the night, leaving only a small rear guard. I have to regret the loss of many valuable officers killed and wounded; among them Col. Joseph Thoburn, commanding division of Crooks command, killed; Col. C. R. Lowell, commanding Reserve Cavalry Brigade, killed; Col. J. Howard Kitching, commanding brigade, wounded; Col. R. S. Mac- kenzie, commanding brigade, wounded severely; would not leave the field. I cannot y~t give exact details. Many of our men captured by the enemy in the morning have made their escape and are coming in. Ramseur, commanding- division in Earlys army, died this morning. P.11. SHERIDAN, Lieutenant-General GRANT. ilfajor. General. CEDAR CREEK, October 21, 18614 p. in. (Received 6 p. m. 23d.) I pursued the routed forces of the enemy nearly to Mount Jackson, which point he reached during the night of the 19th and 20th without an organized regiment of his army. From the accounts of our prisoners who have escaped and citizens the rout was complete. About 2,000 of the enemy broke and made their way down through the mountains on the left. For ten miles on the line of retreat the road and country was covered with small-arms, thrown away by the dying rebels, and other debris. Forty-eight pieces of captured artillery are now at my head- quarters. I think that not less than 300 wagons and ambulances were either captured or destroyed. The accident of the morning turned to. our advantage as much as though the whole movement had been. planned. The only regret I have is the capture, in th early morning,. of from 800 to 1,000 of our men. General, I want Getty, of the Sixth. Corps, and the brave boys, Merritt and Custer, l)romoted by brevet. When I attacked the enemy Merritt and Custer, under the direction of Torbert, fiercely attacked the enemys flanks, and when he broke closed in after dark and secured the artillery, trains, & c. My loss in killed. 3 R RvoL XLIII, PT Page 34 34 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. and wounded will be between 3,000 and 4,000. I am now sending to the War Department ten battle-flags. The loss of artillery in the morn- ing was 7 from Crook, 11 from Emory, 6 from Wright. From all that I can learn I think that Earlys re-enforcenients could not be less than 12,000 men. P. II. ShERIDAN, ilfajor- General. Lieutenant-General GRANT. CEDAR CREEK, TA., October 25, 1864. (Received 26th.) I have found it impossible to move on the Central railroad as you desired. If I do so it must be up the Valley via Swift Run Gap, or Browns Gap, or across via Front Royal and Chester Gap. To move up the Valley via the routes designated would be exceedingly difficult, on account of supplies and forage, and would demoralize the troops, now in magnificent trim. To move by Chester Gap I would have to leave at least 5,000 (the whole of General Crooks) in the Valley. To open the Orange and Alexandria Railroad would require a corps on it to protect it, which would leave me very little to operate with successfully. To advance against Gordonsville and Charlottesville with a line of com- munication up this valley and through the Blue Ridge is impracticable. I have been meditating cavalry operations against, the Central railroad as soon as the necessary preparations can be made. The cavalry has lost largely in numbers by expiration of service, and is not half so strong as it was six weeks ago. The battle of the 19th still increases in results. We captured forty-eight pieces of artillery, caissons, horses. and all the appointments. Twenty-four of the above number were captured from us in the morning; these I returned, and, in addition, allowed the batteries to refit and exchange, and have left twenty-four pieces of rebel artillery, with caissons complete, which I will send to Washington to-morrow. All the ambulances of the Nineteenth Corps captured by the enemy were retaken, with fifty-six rebel ambulances in good condition, and as many more were destroyed. A number of wagons and ambulances were burned unnecessarily by the cavalry in the excitement; not less than 300 wagons and ambulances were cap- tured or burned. The road between Cedar Creek and Fisher~s Hill fbi- three miles was blocked by captured artillery and wagons. The rebel army did not stop at Fishers Hill, but~ continued to Mount Jackson on the night after the battle, and on to New Market next morning, and perhaps farther. The cavalry pinsuit was kept hf) to a point between Edenburg and Mount Jackson. We captured fourteen battle-flags, ten of which I sent to the War Department and have four more yet to go. Persons who left the rebel army at Mount Jackson report it broken up and demoralized worse than it ever has been. Rest assured, general, I will strike, and strike hard, whenever opportunity offers. I am anxious to get the recruits an(l conscripts for this army. We are now reduced to an effective force of not over 22,000 int~i~try. From the accounts of officers, Earlys infantry when he attacked inc was 25,000; the number of cavalry not yet known. P. II. SHERiDAN, ]Ifajor- General. Licutenant-Gencral GRANT Page 35 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 35 CEDAR CREEK, VA., October 27, 18Gi12 midnight. (Received 10 a. m. 29th.) T made a demonstration up the Luray Valley yesterday with a por- tion of Powells division of cavalry, and to-day made a reconnaissance lIj) the Strasb urg valley as far as Woodstock and beyond. Powell met opposition from some of Lomaxs cavalry at the gorge near Milford, in the Luray Valley. In the main valley nothing was found. The enemys infantry was reported by deserters to be between New Market and flarrisonburg, with Rosser at Monnt Jackson. These, with other (lemonstrations which I will make, will secnre Augur against all bat Mosby and the numerous robbers that now infest the country, and which one good regiment could clear out any time, if the regimental coni- mander had spunk enough to try. There is a regiment of cavalry at IIarl)ers Ferry, one at Martinsbnrg, and one at Winchester, which is a sufficient monnted force to keep the lower Valley (lear, but they do not do it. Brigadier-General Duffi~ was captured between Winchester and Martinsburg. I respectfnlly request his dismissal from the service. I think huin a trifling man and a poor soldier. He was captured by his own stupidity. P. II. SIIERIDAN, Major- & ~eneral. iNlajor-Gencral JIALLECK, (ihif of Staff. ~XJNCHE$TER, VA., November 1, 186410 a. m. (Received 9 p. in.) I have nothing new to report. I have made cavalry demonstrations up the Luray Valley and up the main valley to prevent any concentra- tion on Augur in taking up the road. Nothing new was developed. Found some rebel cavalry at Milford, in Luray Valley, and nothing north of Mount Jackson, in the main valley. There cannot be anything but Mosbys forces to annoy Augur. P. II. SHERIDAN, Ma~jor-Gcncial IIALLECK, 3fajor- G~flerai. Chief of Stafl NEWTOWN, Noeember 10, 18619 a. m. I have started a brigade of infantry this morning from Winchester to protect the railroad working parties. I sent a brigade of cavalry here some days since. I have had a small division of cavalry operating on the east side of the mountains in the vicinity of tipperville, Paris, l3looinfield, and surrounding country. No enemy found there, nor had anything been in that section excepting Mosbys command. A lot of stock, horses, sheep, and cattle were brought in by this force, and the grain, barns, subsistence, & c., so far as practical)le, were destroyed. Any reports that you may have heard or received within the last few days of large raiding parties of the enemy, and of a concentration of Mosby near l3erryville, are untrue. P.11. SHERIDAN, Major- & ~eneral. Major-General HALLECK Page 36 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. 36 KERNSTowN, Norembcr 12, 18641 0p.m. (lieceived 7 p. m. 13th.) Yesterday evening the enemys cavalry made a demonstration on my front south of Newtown, and my sconts reported a large infantry force having moved down the pike to Middletown with the intention of attack- ing. This morning 1 had everything ready, bnt no attack was made. About 1 p. in. I moved Cnsters division of cavalry np the Back road and the Middle road. Penningtons brigade met two brigades of ilossers cav- alry on the Back road, charged them, and drove them at a i an four or five miles and across Cedar Creek, capturing some prisoners. While this was going on General Powell moved on the Front Royal I)ike and thence across toward Middletown. At Nineveli he met Lomaxs cavalry, in- creased by what is called John Morgans cavalry, charged it, capturing all of Lomaxs artillery (two pieces), with caissons, horses, artillerymen, & c., and his ammunition train, and ran his cavalry up the Enray Valley for a distance of eight or nine miles. One brigade of Merritts division moved up the pike late this evening, but nothing ittipoitant occurred. Colonel Dudleys brigade, of the Nineteenth Corps, moved out to demon- strate in this cavalry movement; also some sharpshooters of the Sixth Corps. Our losses are very slight. I have to regret the loss of Colonel Hull, of Penningtons brigade, who was killed while gallantly leading a charge. Powell captured 14 commissioned officers, 200 privates, and 2 battle-flags, killed several officers, and brought in 33 wounded. As yet I have seen no infantry, and think the report of the scouts untruthful. P. II. SUEIIIDAN, ill ajor. General. Lieutenant-General GiIANT. KERN5TOWN, November 14, 18641 1 a. m. (Received 10 p. in.) The reconnaissance made yesterday by the cavalry enables me to give you definite information of the recent movements of the enemy here. Early moved with his whole army from New Market on the same day that I moved back from Cedar Creek, under the impression, so prisoners say, that a large number of the troops here had been sent North on account of the election. He came down to the north 5i(le of Cedar Creek on the 12th. The information given by my scouts was correct in every particular. Earlys cavalry having been driven in and broken oim both flanks, he fell back in great haste on the night of the 12th instant, aimd, according to reports of i)risOnels, was going 1)ack to New Market. General Torbert pushed on to Strasbarg yesterday, driving the enemy out of town and up to Fishers 1-lill. The cavalry fight of Powell and Custer was very creditable. Merritt was but slightly engagea after dark with the enemys inflmntry on the pike. T lie result of the days operations was 20 counnissioned officers, 225 men, 2 pieces of artillery, 3 caissons, 2 1)attle-fiags, and 4 amnnumnitiou wagons cap- tm-ed, an(l the complete rout of the enemys cavalry. Our loss was only 2 killed, 7 wounded, and 7 captured. The railroad will soon be finished to the crossing of the Opequon Creek. I can then get long forage fir our animals. They are now suffering very much from the cold weather and insufficiency of food. P. H. SIIERII)AN, ilajor- General. Lieutenant-General Giz ANT Page 37 (flAP. LV. 1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 37 NEWTOWN, VA., November 15, 186412.30 a. m. Earlys army did not stop at Fishers Hill, but continued its retreat duritig the night of the 12th back to New Market. From the reports of })risoners and citizens the army was stampeded by the attack of our cavalry on his extreme 4k uks. I regret that I could riot get sufficient positive information of Earlys presence, l)ut all the prisoners captured e8rlv in the day were cavalrymen and were positive that no infantry had come this way. This incorrect information was true so far as they knew, as they had traveled on the side roads and could not see any of the infantry. Citizens report John Morgans cavalry, about 1,200 strong, as the only organized re-enforcement that Early has received, but that the army has been increased by conscripts, detailed men, and men of the second classfarmers, They report Early~s army very much increase(l in numbers. L ieuten ant-General GRANT, City Point. P. II. SHERIDAN, ]Ifc or. General. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, November 24, 1864. Thij. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, U. S. Army, Clthf of Staff, Washington, D. C.: GENERAL: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report of prop- urty captured and destroyed and lost by capture by the Middle Military )ivision during the campaign commencing August 10 and ending )vember 16, 1864, in accordance with telegraphic orders received from. you. I am, general, yours, respectfully, P. H. SHERIDAN, Major- General, Commanding. Report of property captured and destroyed (from, the enemy) by the Middle Military Division, Aft. Gen. P. H. Sheridan, commanding, during the campaign commencing August 10, 1864, and ending Norember 16, 1864. Pieces artillery (aissons 1 ~1nbers Forges Battery wagon - Artillery ammunition - rounds. Army wagons Arnl)ulances - Medical wagons - Harness sets.. Horse equipments do. - - Battle-flags - Small-arms Small-arm ammunition, rounds Horses - Males - 1lour mills Woolen mill Saw-mills Powder mill Saltpeter-works Barns 94 59 8 6 1 23,000 131 137 7 1, 134 1, 040 40 19,230 1, 061, 000 3, 772 545 71 1 8 1 3 1,200 Furnaces Tanneries Railroad depot Locomotive Box-cars xvheat bushels -. Oats do~. Corn (10. - - Flour bands.. Hay tons.. Fodder (10... Straw (10... l3eef-cattle - Sheep Swine Calves Bacon and hams pounds. - Tobacco do - - Rails miles. - Potatoes bushels.. Cotton yarn Pounds.. 7 4 1 1 3 435, 802 20, 000 77, 176 874 20, 397 500 450 10, 918 12, 000 15, 000 250 12, 000 10, 000 947 2,500 1, 66 Page 38 38 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Report of property lost by captere by the Middle Military Division during the campaign commencing August 10, 1864, and ending November 16, 1864. Pieces artillery 24 Medical wagons 2 Caissons 19 Harness ets - - 726 Forges 16 Horse equipments do. - 525 Battery wagons 3 Small-arms 1, 849 Artillery ammunition ounds - 460 Small-arm ammunition - - rounds - - 1, 200 Army wagons 86 Horses 359 Ambulances 48 Mules 564 Most of the articles under the heading lost by capture were re- captured subsequently. The twenty-four pieces of artillery were all recaptured. P. II. SHERIDAN, Major- General, U. & Army, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, Near Kernetown, Va., November 23, 1864. WINCHESTER, December 21, 18641.30 p. in. I heard from General Custer at Harrisonburg. He is in fine spirits, and says he will, he hopes, spend his Christmas in Lynchburg. I heard from General Torbert last night; he was then near Sperryville. The weather is so very badrain, snow, and sleetthat I feel a great deal of anxiety about the horses. There are about 8,000 men on this raid; no artillery or wagons. P. H. SHERIDAN, Major- General. Lk~ntenant-General GRANT. WINCHESTER, December 22, 18648.30 p.m. (Received 23d.) General Custer reports that at or near Harrisonburg he encountered Rossers division of cavalry, supported by IRodes division of infantry, the cavalry and infantry having marched from Waynesborough to meet him, and after a sharp fight before daylight he was obliged to come back. He captured 2 battle-flags and 33 prisoners. He has not yet reported to me the particulars. The fight was between Chapmans brigade, of Custers division, and Paynes brigade, of Rossers cavalry. Payne charged Chapmans camp, but C[hapmanl was ready for him. General Custer reports that Rossers division and Rodes division came from Waynesborough. I have not heard from Torbert, but sent this evening to apprise him of the condition of affairs with Custer. If Custers information is correct, it will for a while help Torbert. The weather here is intensely cold, and the ground covered with snow. I am very anxious about Torbert, but think he will be able to take care of himself. Custers men and animals suffered much. P. H. SHERIDAN, Major- General. Lieutenant-General GRANT Page 39 CHAP. LW] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 39 WINCHESTER, December 24, 1864. I have no information from General Torbert. Custer has sent in his report of affair at Laceys Springs, near Harrisonburg, between Chap: mans brigade, of his division, and Paynes brigade, of iRossers. He repulsed and drove them, and there was no necessity for his return except bad weather and total absence of forage. Custer reports his loss, 2 killed, 22 wounded, 20 prisoners. Enemys loss, killed and wounded, 100, and 27 prisoners. The fight occurred before daylight. Custer had 230 of his men frost bitten on the expedition. P. II. SHERIDAN, Prig. Gen. J. A. IRAWLINS, MPOr- & ~eneral. Chief oJ ASt(lff. WINCHESTER, December 26, 186411 p. m. (Received 27th.) I have the honor to transmit the following report, just received, from General Torbert: DECEMBER 266 a. m. I have the honor to report that on Thursday, the 22d, I reached the Rapidan at Liberty Mills, havin~ driven Jacksons brigade of cavalry from Madison Court- House. At Liberty Mills Jackson made a junction with MeCausland with two pieces of artillery. I drove them across the river, but they had the bridge mined and it blew np as my men got to it. It was impossible to force a crossing in front, so I made a detour on both flanks of five or six miles, which turned them out of their position and we captured their artillery (two pieces) and several prisoners. This move took till 8 or 9 oclock at night. Next morning I pushed on toward Gor- donsville and I found them strongly posted in the g-p, and I could not drive them out with 2,000 men, and I was making a movement to turn the position when infantry commen ced to file into their breast-works and I commenced to withdraw, and am now ten miles south of Warrenton, and may be on the Little River turnpike to-night. I will try to come throngh Ashbys Gap. My men and horses suffered almost beyond description with cold and bad weather. I captured one herd of cattle going south, about 200 head. I received your dispatches concerning Custer. I heard nothing of matters in the Valley before I got your dispatches and a rear, but thus far have not been troubled. , xpected more trouble in my A. T. A. TORBERT, Brevet Major- General. Major.General SHERIDAN. P. H. SHERIDAN, Lieutenant-General GRANT. Major- General. WINCHESTER, December 28, 1864. (Received 12.35 p. in.) General Torbert has just returned. In a more detailed report he says the great difficulty which he had was the cold, bad weather, and ice on the roads. 1-le brings in 2 pieces of artillery, captured at Lib- erty Mills, 30 prisoners, and 1,000 head of stock. He reports that inflintry came from Richmond to Gordonsville; that Rod es division was at Fishersyille, between Staunton and Waynesborough, and did advance in the direction of Harrisonburg when Caster was iii that vicinity. Other information which I have received is to the effect that Gordons division, or a part of it, moved out in the direction of Wythe- ville, W. Va. This later information comes from rebel sources. P. II. SHERIDAN, Major- General. Lieutenant-General GRANT Page 40 40 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DIVISION OF THE GULF, New Orleans, La., April 26, 1866. Bvt. Maj. Gen. JOHN A. IIAWLINS, Chief qf ~taft Hdqrs. Armies of the United & ates, Washington, D. C.: GENERAL: I have the honor to transmit my report of the operations of the Army of the Shenandoah, from August 4, 1864, to February 27, 1865, with reports of subordinate commanders; also sub-reports to my report of the march from Winchester to Petersburg, commencing Feb- ruary 27, 1865.* I have been long rendering this report, but the many changes to which I was subjected, and which separated me from sub- reports, and the arduous labors which I for a long time had after assignment to my present command I be~ for my great neglect. , ~ to submit as my excuses I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. II. SHERIDAN, Major- (leneral, U. AS1. Army. HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DIVISION OF THE GULF New Orleans, February 3, 1866. GENERAL: I have the honor to make the following report of the campaign in the Valley of the Shenandoah, commencing August 4, 1864: On the evening of the 1st of August I was relieved from the com- mand of the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac, to take com- mand of the Army of the Shenandoah, and on arriving at Washington, on the 4th instant, I received directions from Maj. Gen. H. W. Hal- leck, Chief of Staff, to proceed without delay to Monocacy Junction, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and report in person to the lieuten- ant-general. At Monocacy the lieutenant-general turned over to me the instructions which he had previously given to Major-General Hunter commanding the Department of West Virginia, a copy of which is herewith attached. The Army of the Shenandoah at this time con- sisted of the Sixth Corps, very much reduced in numbers; one division of the Nineteenth Corps; two small infantry divisions, under command of General Crook, aft~erward designated as the Army of West Vir- ginia; a small division of cavalry nuder General Averell, which was at that time in pursuit of General McCausland, near Moorefield, McCaus- land having made a raid into Pennsylvania and burned the town of Chambersburg. There was also one small division of cavalry, then arriving at Washington from my old corps. The infantry portion of these troops had been lying in bivouac in the vicinity of Monocacy Junction and Frederick City, but had been ordered to march the day I reported, with directions to concentrate at Hahitown, four miles in front of Harpers Ferry. After my interview with the lieutenant-gen- eral I hastened to Harpers Ferry to make preparations for an immedi- ate advance against the enemy, who then occupied Martinsburg, Williamsport, and Shepherdstown, sending occasional raiding parties as far as Hagerstown, Md. The concentration of my comlnand at Hall- town alarmed the enemy and caused him to concentrate at or near Martinsburg, drawing iu all his parties from the north side of the - The sub-reports of operations subsequent to February 27, 1865, to appear in Vol. XLVI Page 41 Cusp. LV.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 41 Potomnso. The indications Were that he had intended another raid into Maryland, prompted, perhaps, by the slight sucoessixe had gained over General Crooks command at Keinstown a short time before. The city of Martinsburg, at which the enemyconcentrated, is on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, at the northern terminus of the Valle pukea broad macadamised road running up the valley throuph Win- chester and termina at Staunton. The Shenandoah Valley us awn- tinuation of the Oumberland Valley, south of the Potomac, and is bounded on the east by the Blue Ridge and on the west by the eastern slope of the Alleghany Mountains, the general direction of these chains being southwest. The valley at Martinsburg is about sixty miles broad, at Winchester forty to forty-five, and at Strasburg twenty-Ave to thfrty miles~ where an isolated chain called Massanutten Mountain, rises up, running parallel to the Blue *idge, and terminates at Haul- sonburg. Here the valley again opens out fifty or sixty miles broad. This isojated chain divides the valley for its continuance into two valleysthe one next the Blue Ridge being called the Luray Valley, the one west of it the Strasburg or main valley. The Blue Ridge has many passes through it called gaps. The principal ones, and those which have wagon roads, are Snickers, .& shbys, Manassas, Ohestei,Thoroughfre, Swift Run, Browns, Bookish, and two or three others from the latter one up to Lynchburg. Manyhave macadamised roads through them, and, indeed, are not gaps, but small valleys through the main chain. The general bearing of all these roads Is toward Gordonsville, and are excellent for troops to move upon from that pointintothe valley; ~ anywhere by infantry or cavalry. The valley itself was rich in grbin, cattle~ sheep, hogs, and fruit, and was in such a pros~erous condition that the rebel army could march down and up it, bullettinp on the inhabitants. Such, in briec is the outline and was the coudituon of the Shenandoah Valley when I entered It August 4,1864. Great exertions were unade to get the troops in readiness for an advance, and on the morning of August 10, General Torberts division of cavalry having jcined me from Washington, a forward movement was commenced. The enemy while we were ma g our preparations took position at Bunker Hill and vicinity, twelve miles south of Martins- burg, frequently pushing his scouting parties through Smithfield and up to Charlestown. Torbert was ordered to move on the Berryville puke, through B~ and go into position near White Post; the Sixth Corps moved via the Charlestown and Summit Point road to Clifton; the Nineteenth Corps moved on the Berryville pike, to theleft. of theposition of the Sixth Corps at Clifton- General Crooks command, via Kabletown, to the vicinity of Berryvi4 coming into positiou ou the left of the Nineteenth Corps, and Colouel Lowell, with two small regiments of cavalry, was ordered to Summit Point; so that on the nlg~xt of August10 the army occupied a position stretching from Clifton toBerryville, with cavalry at White Post and Summit Point The enemy moved from viciunty of Bunker Hill, stretching his line from where the Winchester and Potomac BalIroad crosses Opequon Creek to where the Berryville and Winchester puke crosses the same stream, occupying the west bank. Onthemorniugof August 11 the Sixth ~ from Clifton across the country to where the Berryville pike crosses Opequon Creek, carry the crossing, and hold it; the Nineteenth Co was directed to move through Berryville, on the White Post road, or one mile, file to the right by heads of regiments at deploying distances Page 42 42 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCJIAP. LV. and carry and hold the crossing of Opequon Creek at a ftrd ai)out three-fourths of a mile from the left of the Sixth Corps. Crooks corn- n1and was ordered to move out on the White Post road one mile and a halP beyond Berryville, file to the right and secure the crossing of Opequon Creek at a ford about one mile to the left of the Nineteenth Corps. Torbert was directed to move with Merritts division of cavalry up the Millwood pike toward Winchester, attack any force he might find, and, if possible, ascertain the movements of the rebel army. Lowell was ordered to close in from Summit Point on the right of the Sixth Corps. My intention in securing these fords was to march on Winchester~ at which point, from all mny information on the 10th, I thought the enemy would make a stand. In this I was mistaken, as the results of Torberts reconnaissance proved. Merritt found the enemys cavalry covering the Millwood pike west of the Opequon, and, attacking it, drove it in the direction of Kerustown and discovered the enemy retreating up the Valley pike. As soon as this inftwmatiou was obtained Torbert was ordered to muove quickly via the toll-gate on the Front Royal pike to Newtown, to strike the enemys flank and harass him in his retreat, and Lowell to follow up through Winchester. Crook was turned to the left and ordered to Stony Point, or Nineveh, while Emomy and Wright were marched to the left and went into camp between the Millwood and Front Royal pikes, Crook emicamping at Stony Point. Torbert met some of the enemys cavalry at the toll- gate on the Front Royal pike, drove it in the direction of Newtown and behind Gordons division of infantry, which had been thrown out from Newtown to cover the flank of the main column in its retreat, and, which had put itself behind rail barricades. A portion of Merritts cavalry attacked this infantry and drove in its skirmish line and, although unable to dislodge the division, held all the ground gained. The rebel division during the night moved off. Next day Crook moved from Stony Point to Cedar Creek; Emory followed~ the cavalry moved to the same point, via Newtown and the Valley pike, and the Sixth Corps followed the cavalry. On the night of the 12th Crook was in position at Cedar Creek, on the left of the Valley pike. Emory on the right of the pike, the Sixth Corps on the right of Emory, and the cavalry on the right and left flanks. A heavy skirmnish line was thrown to the heights on the south side of Cedar Creek, which had brisk skirmishing during the evening with the enemys pickets, his (the enemys) main force occupying the heights above and north of Strasburg. On the morning of the 13th the cavalry was ordered on a reconnaissance toward Strasburg on the Middle road, which road is two miles and a half to the west of the main pike. Reports of a column of the enemy moving up from Culpeper Court-House amid approaching Front Royal through Chester Gap having been received, caused me much anxiety, as any considerable force advanced through Front Royal and down the Front Royal and Winchester pike toward Winchester could be thrown in my rear; or, in case of my driving the enemy to Fishers Hill and taking position in his front, this same force could be moved along the base of Massanutten Mountain, on the road to Strasburg, with the same result. As my effective line of battle strength at this time was about 18,000 infantry and 3,500 cavalry, I remnained quiet during the dayexcept the activity on the skirmish lineto await further developments. In time evening the enemy retired with his main force to Fishers Hill. As the rumors of an advancing force from the direction of Culpeper kept increasing, on the mormiing of the 14th I sent a brigade of cavalry to Front Royal to ascertain def Page 43 CHAP. LV.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 43 iiitely, if possible, the truth of such reports, and at the same time crossed the Sixth Corps to the south side of Cedar Creek and occupied the heights above Strasburg. Considerable picket-firing ensued. Durino the day I received from Colonel Chipmaii, of the Adjutaut~~ener~J~s Office, the following dispatch, he having ridden with great haste from Washington, through Snickers C ap, escorted by a regiment of cavalry, to deliver the same. It at once explained the movement from Culpeper, aid on the morning of the 15th the remaining two brigades of Merritts division of cavalry were ordered to the crossing of the Shenandoah River near Front Royal, and the Sixth Corps withdrawn to the north side of Cedar Creek, holding at Strasburg a strong skirmish line: Major-General HALLECK: Gin- POINT, August 1~, 18649 a. m. Inform Sheridan that it is now certain two divisions of infantry have gone to Early, ~nd some cavalry and twenty pieces of artillery. This movement commenced last night. He must be cautions and act now on the defensive until move- here force them to this to send this way. Earlys force, with this increase, cannot exceed 40,000 men, but this is too much for Sheridan to attack. Send Sheridan the remaining brigade of the Nineteenth Corps. I have ordered to Washington all the 100-days men. Their time will soon be out, but, for the serve in the defenses. present, they will do to U. S. GRANT, Lieutenant- General. The receipt of this dispatch was very important to me, as I possibly would have remained in uncertainty as to 4he character of the force coming in on my flank and rear until it attacked time cavalry, as it did on the 16th. I at once looked over the map of the Valley for a defensive linethat is, where a smaller number of troops could hold a greater numberand could see but one such. I refer to that at J-Jalltown, in front of Harpers Ferry. Subsequent experience has convinced me that no other really defensive line exists in the Shenaimdoah Valley. I therefore determined to move back to Halltown, carry omit my instruc- tions to destroy forage and subsistence, and increase my strength by Grovers division, of the Niimeteenth Corps, and Wilsons division of cavalry, both of which were marching to join me via Snickers Gap. Emory was ordered to move to Wiuchester on the night of the 15th, and on the night of the 16th the Sixth Corps and Crooks comumand were ordered to Clifton via Winelmester. In the movement to the rear to Hailtown the following orders were given to the cavalry and were executed: HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MIuTARY Dmvism~, Brig. Gen. A. T. A. TORRERT, Cedar Creek, Va., August 16, 1864. Chief of Caruiry, Middle Military Dirision: GENERAL: In compliance with instructions of the lieutenant-general command- ing, you will make the necessary arrangements and give the necessary orders for the (lestruction of tbe wheat and hay south of a line from Miliwood to Winchester and i~etticoat Gal). You will seize all mules, horses, and cattle that may be useful to our army. Lo~ al citizens can bring in theim- claims against tbe Government for this necessary destruction. No houses will be burned, and officers in charge of this deli- cate, but necessary, duty must inform the people tbat the object is to make this Val- ley untenable for the raiding parties of the rebel army. Very respectfully, P. H. SHERIDAN, ___________ Major-General, Commanding. As recorded in Grants letters-sent 1)00k, this reads, force them to detach to send this way Page 44 44 ~PEEATI~NS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [OVA?. LY. On the afternoon of the 16th I moved my headquarters back to Winchester; while moving back, at Newton I heard cannonadin; at or near Front Royal, and on reaching WinoLester, Merritts couners brouht dispatches from him, stating that he had been attacked at the crossing of the Shenandoah by ws division, of Longstreets corps, and two brigades of rebel cavalry and that he had handsomely repulsed the attack, capturing 2 battle-Asp and 300 prisoners. Dur- ing the night of the 16th and early on the morning of the 17th Emory moved from Winchester to Berryvilie, and on the morning of the 17th Crook and Wright reached Winchester and resumed the march toward Clifton, Wright, who had the rear guard, getting only as far as the Berryville crossing of the Opequon, where he was ordered to remain, Crook getting to the vicinity of B~Ue. Lowell reached Winchester with his two regimentsof cavairyon the afternoon of the l7th,wherehe was joined by Geeral Wilsons division of cavalry. Merritt, after his handsome engagement near Front Royal, was ordered back tothe vicin- ity of White Post, and General Grove.9s division joined Emory at Berry- vills. The enemy having a signal station on Three TopMountain, almost overhanging Strasburg, and from which every movement made by our troops could be seen was notified early on the morning of the 17th as to this condition of akairs, and without delay followed after us, getting into Winchester about sundown, and driving out GeneralTorbert, who was left there with Wil. and d the Jersey brigade of the Sixth Corps. Wflsou to Summit Point, and the Jersey briqade joined its eorps at the crossing of the Opeguon. Ker- shaws division and twdbrigades of Fits Lee?s cavalry division, which was the force at Front Royal, joined Early at Winchester, I think, on the evening of the 17th. On the 18th the Sixth Corps moved, via Clifton, to Flowing Spring, two miles and a half west of Charleston, on the Smithfield pike; Emory about two miles and a half south of Charleston on the Berry- ville pike; Merritt came back to Berryville; Wilson remained at Sum- mit Point covering the crossing of on Creek as far north as the bridge at hmlthfleld, Merritt covering the crossing of the Berryville pike Crook remained near Clift6n, and the next day moved to the left of F?mory. Thin position was maintained until the 21st, when the enemy moved a heavy force across the Opequon at the bridge at Smithfield, driving in the cavalry pickets, which fell back to Summit Point, and advanced rapidly on the position of the Sixth Corps near flowing Spring, when a very sharp and obstinate skirmish took place with the heavy picket-line of that corps, resulting very much in iti faivor. The enemy appeared to have thought that I had taken position near Summit Point, and that by moving around rapidly through Smith- field he would get into my rear. In this, however, he was mistaken. During the day Merritt, who had been attacked and held his ground, was recalled from Berryville. Wilson had also been attacked by infan- try, and had also held his ground until ordered in. During the night of the 21st the army moved back to Halltown without inconveni6nce or loss, the cavalry, excepting LowelPs command, which formed on the left, moving early on the morning of the 224 and going into position on the right of the line. On the morning of the 22d the enemy moved up to Charlestown, and pushed well up to my position at Hallton, skirmishing with the cay- alryvedettes. The dispatches received from thellentenant-general com- manding, from Capt. G. K. Leet, assistant adjutant-general, at Wash- ington, and Information derived from my scouts and from prisoner Page 45 (HAP. LY.j THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 45 captured, were of so conflicting and contradictory a nature that I determined to ascertain, if possible, while on this defensive line, what re-enforceinents had actually been received by the enemy. This could only be done by frequent reconnaissances, and their results convinced me that but one division of infantry (Kershaws) and one division of cavalry (Fitz Le& s) had joined him. On the 23d I ordered a reconnaissance by Crook, who was on the left, resulting in a small capture and a number of casualties to the enemy. On the 24th another reconnaissance was made, capturing a number of prisoners, our own loss being about thirty men. On the 25th there was a sharp picket-firing during the day on part of the infantry line. The cavalry was ordered to attack the enemys cavalry at Kearneys- ville. This attack was handsomely made, but instead of finding the enemys cavalry his infantry was encountered, and for a time doubled up and thrown into the utmost confusion. It was marching toward Shepherdstown. This engagement was somewhat of a mutual surprise, our cavalry expecting to meet the enemys cavalry and his infantry expecting no opposition whatever. General Torbert, who was in com- mand, finding a large force of the rebel inflintry in his front, came back to our left, and the enemy, believing his (the enemys) movement had been discovered and that the force left by him in my front at Halltown would be attacked, returned in great haste, but before doing so isolated Custers brigade, which had to cross to the north side of the Potomac at Shepherdstown and join me via Harpers Ferry. For my own part, I believed Early meditated a crossing of his cavalry into Maryland at William sport, and I sent Wilsons division around by Harpers Ferry to watch its movements. Averell, in the meantime, had taken post at Williamsport, on the north side of the Potomac, and held the crossing against a force of rebel cavalry which made the attempt to cross. On the night of the 26th the enemy silently left my front, moving over Opequon Creek at the Smithfield and Summit Point crossings, and concentrating his force at J3rucetown and Bunker Hill, leaving his cavalry at Leetown and Smithfield. On the 28th 1 moved in front of Charlestown with the infantry and directed Merritt to attack the enemys cavalry at Leetown, which he did, defeating it and pursuing it through Smithfield. Wilson recrossed the Potomac at Shepherdstown and joined the infantry in front of Charlestown. On the 29th Averell crossed at Wiiliamnsport amid advanced to Martinsbarg. Ou the same day two divisions of the enemys infantry and a small force of cavalry attacked Merritt at the Smithfield bridge, and after a hard fight drove him through Smithfield and back toward Charlestown, the cavalry fight- ivmg with great obstinacy until I could re-enforce it with Ricketts division, of the Sixth Corps, when in turn the enemy was driven back through Smithfield and over the Opequon, the cavalry again taking post at the Smithfield bridge. On the 80th Torbert was directed to move Merritt and Wilson to Berryville, leaving Lowell to guard the Snuithfie id bridge and occupy the town. On the 31st Averell was drmven back froun Martinsburg to Falling Waters. From the I st to the 3(1 of Septemuber nothing of importance occurred. On the 3(1 Averell, who had returned to Martinsburg, advanced on Bumiker Hill, attacked iXlcCauslands cavalry, defeated it, capturing wagons and prisoners, and destroying a good deal of property. The infantry mnoved into position, stretching froun Clifton to Berryville, Wright moving by Summit Point, Crook and Emory by the Berryville pike. Torbert had been ordered to White Post early in the day, and the enen~y, 5 upposing he could cut Imimn off, pushed across the Opequo Page 46 46 [CHAP. Lv. OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. toward Berryville, with Kershaws division in advance; but this division, not expecting infantry, blundered onto Crooks lines about dark and was vigorously attacked and driven, with heavy loss, back toward the Opequon. This engagement, which was after night-fall, was very spirited, and our own and the enemys casualties severe. From this time until the 19th of September I occupied the line from Clifton to Berryville, trans- ferring Crook to Summit Point on the 8th to nse him as a movable column to protect my right flank and line to Harpers Ferry, while the cavalry threatened the enemy~s right flank and his line of communications up the Valley. The difference of strength between the two opposing forces at this time was but little. As I had learned beyond doubt from my scouts that Kershaws division, which consisted of four brigades, was to be ordered backto Richmond, I had for twoweeks patiently awaited its with- drawal before attacking, believing the condition of affairs throughout the country required great prudence on my part, that a defeat of the forces of my command coull be ill afforded, and knowing that no inter- ests in the Valley, save those of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, were suffering by the delay. In this view I was coinciding with the lieu- tenant-general commanding. Although the main force remained without change of position from September 3 to 19, still the cavalry was employed every day in harassing the enemy, its opponents being principally infantry, in these skirmishes the cavalry was becoming educated to attack infantry lines. On the 13th one of these handsome dashes was made by Gen- eral McIntosh, of Wilsons division, capturing the Eighth South Caro- lina Regiment at Abrahams Creek. On the same day Gettys division, of the Sixth Corps, made a reconnaissance to the Opequon, developing a heavy force of the enemy at Edwards [Gilberts?] Crossing. The posi- tion which I had taken at Clifton was six miles from Opequon Creek, on the west bank of which the enemy was in position. This distance of six miles I determined to hold as my territory by scoutimig parties, and in holding it in this way, without pushing up the main force, I expected to be able to move on the enemy at the proper time without his obtaining the information, which he would immnediately get from his pickets if I was in close proximity. On the night of the 15th I received reliable information that Kershaws division was moving through Win- chester and in the direction of Front Royal. Then our time had come, and I almost made up mny mind that I would fight at Newtown, on the Valley pike, give up my line to the rear, and take that of time enemy. Fromu my position at Clifton I could throw my force into Newtowu before Early could get information and move to that point. I was a little timid about this movement until the arrival of General Grant, at Charlestown, who indorsed it, and the order for the muovement was made out, but in consequence of a report from General Averell on the after- noon of the 18th of September, that Early had moved two divisions to Martinsburg, I changed this programme and determined to first catch the two divisions, remaimming imm vicinity of Stepliemisons Depot, and then the two sent to Martinsbur in detail. This immformatioim was the cause of the battle of Opequon, instead of the battle of Newtowu. At 3 oclock on the morning of the 19th of September the army moved to the attack. Torbert was directed to advance with Merritts division of cavalry from Summit Point, carmy time crossings of Opequon Creek, and forum a junction, at some poimmt near Stephensons l)epot, with Averell, who moved from Darkesyille. Wilson was ordered to move rapidly up the Berryville pike from Berryville, carry its crossing of the Opequon, and charge through the gorge or cafion; the attack to b Page 47 CHAP. LW.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 47 supported by the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, both of which moved across country to the same crossing of the Opequon. Crook moved across coulitry, to be in reserve at the same point. Wilson, with McIntoshs brigade leading, made a gallant charge tbrough the long cation, and meeting the advance of T~amseurs rebel infantry diyi5ion, drove it back and captured the earth-work at the mouth of the cation; this movement was immediately followed up by the Sixth Corps. The Nineteenth Corps was directed for convenience of movement to rel)ort to General Wright on its arrival at Opequon Creek; I fbllowed up the cavalry attack, and selected the ground for the formation of the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, which went into line under a heavy artillery fire. A good deal of time was lost in this movement through the cation, and it was not till perhaps 9 a. m. that the order for the advance in line was given. I had from early in the morning become apprised that I would have to engage Earlys entire army, instead of two divisions, and determined to attack with the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, holding Crooks command as a turning column to use only when the crisis of the battle occurred, and that I would put him in on my left and still get the Valley pike. The attack was, therefore, made by the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, in a very handsome style and under a heavy fire from the enemy, who held a line which gave him the cover of slight brushwood and corn-fields. The resistance during this attack was obstinate, and as there were no earth-works to protect, deadly to both sides. The enemy, after the contest had been going on for some time, made a counter-charge, striking the right of the Sixth Corps and left of the Nineteenth, driving back the center of my line. It was at this juncture that I ordered a brigade of Russells division, of the Sixth Corps, to wait till the enemys attacking column presented its flank, then to strike it with vigor. This was handsomely done, the brigade being led by General Russell, and its eomman(ler, Upton, in person. The enemy in tnrii was driven back, our line re-established and most of the 2,000 or 3,000 men who had gone to the rear bronght back. I still would not order Crook in, but placed him directly in rear of the line of battle; as the reports, however, that the enemy were attempting to turn my right kept continually increasing, I was obliged to put him in on that flank, instead of on the left as wa.s originally intended. He was directed to act as a turning column, to find the left of the enemys line, strike it in flank or rear, break it up, and that I would or(ler a left half- wheel of the line of battle to support him. In this attack the enemy was driven in confusion from his position, and simmmltaneons with it Merritt and Averell, under Torbert, conld be distinctly seen sweeping up the Martinsburg pike, driving the enemys cavalry before theii~, in a confused mass thron~h the broken immfantry. 1 then rode along the line of the Nineteenth and Sixth Corps, ordered their advance, amid directed Wilson, who was oti the left flank, to push on and gain the Valley pike, sonth of Winchester; after which I returned to the right, where the enemy was still fighting with obstinacy in the OI)CII gronii(l in front of Winchester, amul ordered Torbert to collect his cavalry and charge, which was done simultaneously with the infantry advance, and the enemy routed. At daylight on the morninv of the 20th of September the army mnoved rapidly up the Valley l)ike in l)ursuit of the eneiiiy, who had continued his retreat during the night to Fishiers 11 iii, soath of Stras- burg. Fishers Ilill is the blnff imumediately south of and over a little stream called Tuimmbhing Rnn, amal is a l)osition which was almost im- pregnable to a direct assault~ and as tlt e valley is but about three mile Page 48 48 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. arid a half wide at this point, the enemy considered himself secure on reaching it and commenced erecting breast-works across the valley from Fishers Hill to North Mountain; so secure, in fact, did he con- sider himself that the ammunition-boxes were taken from the caissons and placed for couvenicuce behind the breast.work. Ou the evening of September 20 Wright an(l Emory went into position on the heights of Strasburg, Crook north of Cedar Creek, the cavalry to the right and rear of Wright and Emory, extending to the Back road. This night I resolved to use a turning column again, and that I would move Crook unper- ceived, if possible, over onto the face of Little North Mountain and let him strike the left and rear of the enemys line, and then, if success- ful, make a left half-wheel of tbe whole line of battle to his support. To do this required munch secrecy, as the enemy had a signal station on Three Top Mountain, front which lie could see every movement made by our troops; therefore, during the night of the 20th I comicealed Crook in the timber north of Cedar Creek, where he remained during the 21st. On the same day I moved Wright and Emory up in the front of the rebel line, getting into proper position after a severe en- gagememit between a portion of Ricketts and Gettys divisions, of the Sixth Corps, and a strong force of the enemy. Torbert, with Wilsons and Merritts cavalry, was ordered down the Luray Valley in pursuit of the enemys cavalry, and after defeating or driving it, to cross over Luray pike to New Market, and intercept the enemys infantry should I drive it from the position at Fishers Ilill. On the night of the 21st Crook was moved to, and concentrated in, the timber near Strasburg, and at daylight on the 22d marched to, and massed in, the timber near Little North Mountain. I did not attempt to cover the long front presented by the enemy, but massed the Sixth and Nineteemith Corps opposite the right center of his line. After Crook had gotten into the position last named, I took out Ricketts division, of the Sixth Corps, and placed it opposite the enemys left center, and directed Averell with his cavalry to go up on Ricketts front and right and drive in the enemys skirnmish line, if possible. This was done, and the coentys signal officer on Three Top Mountain, utistaking Ricketts division for niy turning column, so notified the emmenmy and he made his arrangemnemits accordingly, whilst Crook, with- out beimig observed, moved on the side of Little North Mountain and struck the enemys left and rear so suddenly and unexpectedly that he (the enemy), supposing lie must have come across the mountains, broke, Crook swinging down behimid the line, Ricketts swinging in and joining Crook, and so on the l)alance of the Sixth amid Nineteenth Corps, the rout of the enemy being complete. Unfortunately, the cav- alry, which I had sent down the Luray Valley to cross over to New Market, was unsuccessful, and only reached so far as Milford, a point at which the Luray Valley comitracts to a gorge, and which was taken possession of by time enemys cavalry in some force. Had General Tor- bert (Iriven this cavalry or turned the defile and reached New Market, I have no doubt but that we would have captured the entire rebel army. I feel certain that its rout front Fishers Hill was such that there was scarcely a eompamiy organizatioli held together. New Mar- ket being at a converging point in the valley they came together again and, to somne extent, reom ganized. I did not wait to see the results of this victory, but pushed on dnring the night of the 22d to Woodstock, although the darkness amid consequent confusion made the pursuit slow Page 49 CHAP. LV~1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 49 On the morning of September 23, General Devin, with his small brigade of cavalry, moved to a point directly north of Mount Jackson, driving the enemy in his front, and there awaited the arrival of General Averells division, which for some unaccountable reason went into camp immediately after the battle. General Averell reached Devins com- mand at about 3 p. in., and in the evening returned with all the advance cavalry, of which he was in command, to a creek half a mile north of llawkinsbnrg, and there remained until the arrival of the head of the infantry column, which had halted betweeu Edeuburg and Woodstock for wagons in order to issac the necessary rations. Early on the morn- ing of the 24th the entire army reached Mount Jackson, a small town on the north bank of the North Fork of the Shenandoah. The enemy had, in the meantime, reorganized and taken position on the bluff south of the river, but had commenced this same morning his retreat toward Harrisonburg; still he held a long and strong line with the troops that ~s ere to cover his rear, in a temporary line of rifie-pits on the bluff com- manding the plateau. To dislodge him from his strong position, IDevins brigade of cavalry was directed to cross the Shenandoah, work around the base of the Massanutten range, and drive in the cavalry which covered his (the enemys) right flank, and Powell, who had succeeded Averell, was ordered to move around his left flank, via Timberville, whilst the in- fantry was pushed across the river by the bridge. The enemy did not wait the full execution of these movements, but withdrew in haste, the cavalry under Pevin coming up with him at New Market, and made a bold attempt to hold him until I could push up our infantry, but was unable to do so, as the open, smooth country allowed him (the enemy) to retreat with great rapidity in line of battle, and the 300 or 400 cav- alry under IDevin was unable to break this line. Our infantry was pushed by heads of columns very hard to overtake and bring on an en- gagement, but could not succeed, and encamped about six miles south of New Market for the night. Powell meantime had pushed on through Timberville and gaixied the Valley pike near Laceys Springs, capturing some prisoners and wagons. This movement of Powells probably forced the enemy to abandon the road via llarrisonburg, and move over the Keezletown road to Port Republic, to which point the retreat was con- tinued through the night of the 24th and from thence to Browns Gap in the Blue Ridge. On the 25th the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps reached Harrisonburg. Crook was ordered to remain at the junction of the Keezletown road with the Valley pike until the movements of the enemy were definitely ascertained. On this day Torbert reached llarrisonbnrg, having eii- countered the enemys cavalry at Luray, defeating it and joining me via New Market, and Powell had proceeded to Mount Crawford. On the 26th Merritts division of cavalry was ordered to Port Re- public, and Torbert to Staunton and Waynesborougli to destroy the bridge at the latter place, and in retiring to burn all forage, drive off all cattle, destroy all mills, & c., which would cripple the rebel army or Confederacy. Torbert had with him Wilsons division of cavalry and Lowells brigade of regulars. On the 27th, while Torbert was making his advance on Waynesborough, I ordered Merritt to make a demonstration on Browns Gap to cover the movement. This brought out the enemy (who had been re-enforced by Kershaws division, which canie through Swift Run Gap) against the small force of cavalry euiployed in this demonstration, w liich he followed up to Port Republic, and, I believe, crossed in some force. Merritts instructions from me were to resist an ~tttack, but if pressed, to fall back to Cioss Keys, in which event I iu- 4 11 I1VOL XLllI~ PT Page 50 [CHAP. LTh 50 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tended to attack with the main force, which was at Harrisonburg, and could be rapidly moved to Cross Keys. The enemy, however, advanced with his main force only to Port Republic, after which befell back. Tor- b~rtthis day took possession of Waynesborough, andpartially destroyed the railroad bridge, but about dark on the 28th was attacked by infantry and cavalry, returned to Staunton, and from thence to Bridgewater, via Spring Hill, executing the order for the destruction of subsistence, forage, & c. On the morning of the 28th Merritt was ordered to Port Republic to open communication with General Torbert, but on the same night was directed to leave small forces at Port Republic and Swift Run Gap, and proceed with the balance of his command (his own and Cus- ters divisions) to Piedmont, swing around from that point to near Staunton, burning forage, mills, and such other property as might be serviceable to the rebel army or Confederacy, and on his return to go into camp on the left of the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, which were ordered to proceed on the 29th to Mount Crawford in support of this and Torberts movements. September 29 Torbert reached Bridge- water and Merritt Mount Crawford. On the 1st of October Merritt reoccupied Port Republic, and the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps were moved back to llarrisonburg. The question that now pre- sented itself was, whether or not I should follow the enemy to Browns Gap, where he still held fast, drive him out, and advance on Char- lottesville and Gordonsyifle. This movement on Gordonsville I was opposed to for many reasons, the most important of which was that it would necessitate the opening of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad from Alexandria, and to protect this road against the numerous guerrilla bands would have required a corps of infantry; besides, I would have been obliged to leave a small force in the Yalley to give security to the line of the Potomac. This would probably occupy the whole of Crooks command, leaving me but a small number of fight- ing men. Then there was the additional reason of the nucertainty as to whether the army in front of Petersburg could hold the entire force of General Lee there, and in case it could not, a sufficient nuniber might be detached and moved rapidly by rail and overwhelm me, quickly returning; I was also confident that my transportation could not supply me farther than llarrisonburg, amid therefore advised that the Valley campaign should terminate at Harrisonburg, and that I return, carrying out my original instructions for the destruction of forage, grain, & c., give up the majority of the army I commanded, and order it to the Petersburg line, a line which I thought tIme lieutenant-general believed, if a successful umovement could be niade on, would imivolve the capture of the Army of Northern Virginia.. I therefore, on time morn- ing of the 6th of October, commenced moving back, stretching time cav- alry across the Valley from the Blue Ridge to the eastermi slope of the Alleghanies, with directions to burn all forage amid drive off all stock, & c., asthey moved to the rear, fully coinciding in the views and instruc- tiomis of the lieutenant-general, that the Valley should be made a barren waste. The most positive orders were given, however, not to burn dwellings. In this movement the enemys cavalry followed at a respect- ful distance until in the vicinity of Woodstock, whemi they attacked Custers division and harassed it as far as Toms Brook, a short dis- tance south of Fishers Hill. On the night of the 8th I ordered Gen- eral Torbert to eimgage the enemys cavalry at daylight, and notified him that I would halt the armny until lie had defeated it. In compliance with these instructions Torbert ddvanced at daylight on time 9th of Qetober, with (justers divi~iou omm thee i~acli road aud Merritts (liYiSiQf Page 51 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 51 on the Valley pike. At Toms Brook the heads of the opposiifg columns came in contact and deployed, and after a short but decisive engage- ment the enemy was defeated, with the loss of all his artillery except- ilig one piece, and everything else which was carried on wheels. The rout was complete, and was followed up to Mount Jackson, a distance of some twenty-six miles. On October 10 the army crossed to the north side of Cedar Creek, the Sixth Corps continuing its march to Front Royal. This was the first days march of this corps to rejoin Lieutenant-General Grant at Petersburg. It was the intention that it should proceed through Manassas Gap to Piedmont, east of the Blue Ridge, to which point the Manassas Gap Railroad had been completed, and from thence to Alex- andria by rail; but on my recommendation that it would be much better to march it, as it was in fine condition, through Ashbys Gap and thence to Washington, the former route was al)andoned, and on the 12th the corps moved to the Ashby Gap crossing of the Shenandoah River, but, on the same day, in consequence of the advance of the enemy to Fishers Hill it was recalled to await the development of the enemys newintentions. The question now again arose in reference to the advance on Gordonsville, as suggested in the following dispatch: WASHINGTON, October 12, 186412 rn. Major-General SHERIDAN: Lieutenant-General Grant wishes a position taken far enough south to serve as a base for further [futur& j operations upon Gordonsville and Charlottesville. It must be strongly fortified and provisioned. Some point in the vicinity of Manassas Gap would seem best suited for all purposes. Colonel Alexander, of the Engineers, will 1)c sent to consult with you as soon as you connect with General Augur. H. W. HALLECK, Major-General. This plaii 1 would not indorse; but in Order to settle it definitely I was called to Washington by the following telegram: WAsHINGTON, October 13, 1864. Major-General SHERIDAN: (Through General Augur.) If you can come here, a consultation on several points is extremely desirable. I propose to visit General Grant, and would like to see you first. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War. On the evening of the 15th I determined to go, believing that the enemy at Fishers Hill could not accomplish nmuch, and as I had con- cluded not to attack him at l)resent I ordered the whole of the cavalry tbrce under General Torbert to accompany me to Front Royal, from whence I intended to push it through Chester Gap to the Virginia Central Railroad at Charlottesville, while I passed through Manassas Gap to Piedmont, thence by rail to Washington. Upon my arrival with the cavalry at Front Royal, on the night of the 1~th, I received the following dispatch from Gener~d Wright, who was left at Cedar Creek in command of the army: UEADIUARTER5 MIDDLE MILITARY Divisiox, October 16) 1864 Maj. Gen. P. H. SHERIDAN, Commanding Middle Aililitary Dicision GENERAL: I inclose you tlisl)atch which explains itself (sec copy following). If the enemy should be strongly re-enforced in cavalry, he might, by turning our right, ~AS written by Halleck Page 52 52 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., A~D PA. FUHAP. LV. give us a gi~eat deal of trouble. 1 shall hold on here until the enemys movements are developed, and shall only fear an attack on my right, ~hidh I shall make every preparation for guarding against and resisting. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. G. XVRIGHT, Major- General, Commanding. Lieutenant-General EARLY: Be ready to move as soon as my forces join you and we will crush Sheridan. LONGSTREET, LieutenantGeneral. This message was taken oft the rebel signal flag on Three Top Morni- taii~. My first thought was that it was a ruse, but on reflection deemed it best to abandon the cavalry raid and give to General Wright the entire strength of the army. I therefore ordered the cavalry to return and ~port to him, and addressed the following note on the subject: HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY i)IvIsIoN, Front Royal, October 16, 1864. Maj. Gen. H. G. WRIonr, Commanding Sixth Army Corps: GENERAL: The cavalry is all ordered back to you; make your position strong. If Longstreets dispatch is true, he is uuder the impression that we have largely de- tached. I will go over to Augur. and may get additional news. Close in Colonel Powell, who will be at this point. If the enemy should make an advance I know you will defeat him. Look well to your ground and be well prepared. Get up everything that can be spared. I will bring up all I can, and will be up on Tuesday, if not sooner. P. H. SHERIDAN, Major- General. After sending this note I continued through Manassas Gap and on to Piedmont, and from thellce by rail to Washington, arriving on the morning of the 17th. At 12 m. I returned by special train to Martins- burg, arriving on the evening of the 18th at Winchester, in company with Colonels Thom and Alexander, of the Engineer Corps, sent with inc by General Halieck. During my absence the enemy had gathered all his strength, and, in the night of the 18th and early on the 19th, moved silently from Fishers Hill, through Strasbnrg. pushed a heavy turning column across the Shenandoah, on the road front Strasburg to Front Royal, and again recrossed the river at Bowmans Ford, striking Crook, who held the left of our line in flank and rear, 50 unexpectedly~ and forcibly as t drive in his outposts, invade his camp, and turn his posi- tion. This surprise was owing, probably, to not closing in Powell, or that the cavalry divisions of Merritt and Custer were placed on the right of our line, where it had always occurred to inc there was but little danger of attack. This was followed by a (lirect attack upon our front, and the result was that the whole army was driven back in con- fusion to a point about one mile and a half north of Middletown, a very large portion of the infantry not even preserving a company organiza- tion. At about 7 oclock on the morning of the 19th of October an officer on picket at Winchester reported artillery firing, but, supposing it re- sulted from a reconnaissance which had been ordered for this morning, I l)aid no attention to it, and was unconscious of the true condition of affairs until about 9 oclock, wheim, having ridden through the town of Winchester, the sound of the artillery made a battle unmistakable, and on reaching Mill Creek, half a mile south of Winchester, the head ot the fugitives appeared in sight, trains and men coming to the rear with appalling rapidity, I immediately gave directious to halt and park tb Page 53 Ow. LV] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 68 trains at Mill Creek, and ordered the brigade at Winchester to stretch across the country and stop all stragglers. Taking twent* men from my escort,Ipushed on to the front,, leaving the balance un erGuieral Forsyth and Colonels Thorn ad Alexander to do what they could in ntemmlng the torrent of fugitives. I am happy to say that hundreds of the men, when on reflection fond they had not done themselves justice, came back with cheers. On arriving at the front I fond Merritt?s ad Custers divisions of cavalry, under Torbert, apd General Gettys division of the Sixth ~pposing the enemy~ I suggested. to General Wright that we fight on and to transfer Custer to the right at on an (Custer) and Merritt, from being on the rightin the mornin h been transferred to the left; that the remaining two divisions of the Sixth Corps, which were to the right and rear of Getty about two miles, should be ordered up, and also that the Nineteenth Corps, which was on the 4ght and rear of these two divisions, should be hastened up before the enemy attacked Getty. I then started out all my staff officers to bring up these troops, and was so convinced that we would soon be attacked that I went back myself to urge them on. Immediately after I returned and assumed command, General Wright returning to his corps, Getty to his division, and the line of battle was formed on the prolongation of General Gettys line, and a temporary breast-work of rails, logs, & c., thrown up hastily. ho after this was done the enemy advanced, and from a point on the left of our line of battle I could see his columns moving to the attack and at once notified corps commanders to be prepared. This assault tell principally on the Nine- teenth Corps, and was repulsed. I am pleased to be able to state that the stren h of the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps and Crooks command was now being rapidly augmented by the return of those who had gone to the rear early in the day. Reports coming in from the Front Royal pike, on which Pow~s division of cavalry was posted to the effect that a heavy column of rnfantrywasmoving on that pikemthe direction of Winchester, and that he (Powell) was retiring and would come inst Newton caused me great anxiety for the time, and although I could not hilly believe that such a movement would be undertaken, still it delayed my general attack. At 4p. m. I ordered the advance. This attack was brilliantly made, and as the enemy was protected by rail breast-works, and at some portions of his line bystonefences hisresist- mice was very determined. His line of battle overlapped the right ot mine and by turning with this portion of it on the tlMk of the Nine- teentii Corps caused a slight momentary confusion. This movement was checked, however, by a counter-charge of General McMillans brigade upon the re-entering angle thus formed by the enemy and his flanking party cut off. It was at this stage of the battle tha6 Custer was ordered to charge with his entire division, but, although the order was promptly obeyed, it was not in time to capture the whole of the force thus cut off and many escaped across Cedar Creek. Simultaneous with this charg4 a combined movement of the whole he drove the enemy in confusion to the creek, where, owingto the difficulties of cross- iug,his armybecame routed. Custer,flndingafordon CedarCreekwest of the pike, and Devin, of Merritts division, one to the east of it, they each made the crossing just after dark and pursued the routed mass of the enemy to Fishers Hill, where this strong position gave him some protection against our cavalry, but the most of his transportation had been captured, the road from C~ Creek to Fishers Hill, a distance of over three miles, being literally blockaded by wagons, ambulances Page 54 54 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. artillery, caissons, & c. The enemy did not halt his main force at Fishers Hill, but continued the retreat during the iiight to New Market, where his army had, on a similar previous occasion, come together by means of the numerous roads that couverge to this point. This battle practically ended the campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. When it opened we found our enemy boastful ~nd confident, unwilling to acknowledge that the soldiers of the Union were their equal in cour- age and manliness; when it closed with Cedar Creek this nupression had been removed from his mind, and gave place to good sense and a strong desire to quit fighting. The very best troops of the Confederacy had not only been defeated, but had been routed in successive engage- ments, until their spirit and esprit were destroyed. In obtaining these results, however, our loss in officers and men was severe. Practically all territory north of the James River now belonged to me, and the holding of the lines about Petersburg and Richmond by the enemy must have been embarrassing, and invited the question of good military judgment. On entering the Valley it was not my object by flank movements to make the enemy change his base, nor to move as far up as the James River, and thus give him the opportunity of making me change my base, thereby converting it into a race-course as heretofore, but to destroy, to the best of my ability, that which was truly the Confed- eracyits armies. In doing this, so far a~s the opposing army was con- cerned our success was such that there was no one connected with the Army of the Shenandoah who did not so fully realize it as to render the issuing of congratulatory orders unnecessary. Every officer and iuaii was made to understand, that when a victory was gained~ it was not more than their duty, nor less than their country expected from her gallant sons. At Winchester, for a moment, the contest was uncertain, but the gallant attack of General Uptons brigade, of the Sixth Corps, re- stored the line of battle, until the turning column of Crook, and Mer- ritts and Averells divisions of cavalry, under Torbert, sent the enemy whirling through Winchester. In thus particularizing com- mands and commanders, 1 only speak in the sense that they were so fortunate as to be available at these important movements. In the above-mentioned attack by Uptons brigade the lamented Russell fell. He had been previously wounded, but refused to leave the field. his death brought sadness to every heart in the army. It was during a reconnaissance to Fishers Hill, made on the 13th of October, 1864, that Col. George P. Wells. commanding a brigade in Crooks corps; was killed while gallantly leading his men. At Fishers Hill it was again the good fortune of General Crooks command to start the enemy, and of General Ricketts division, of the Sixth Corps, to first gallantly swing in and more fully initiate the rout. At Cedar Creek Gettys division, of the Sixth Corps, and Merritts and Custers divisions of cavalry, under Torbert, confronted the enemy from the first attack in the morning until the battle was decided, still none behaved more gallantly or exhibited greater courage titan those who returned from the rear determined to reoccupy their lost camp. In this engagement, early in the morning, the gallant Colonel Lowell, of the regular brigade, was wounded while in the advance in echelon of Gettys division, but would not leave his command, remaining until the final attack on the enemy was made, in which he was killed. Gem erals Bidwehl, of the Sixth Corps, and Thobnrn, of Crooks command, were also killed in the morning while behaving with conspicuous gal- lantry Page 55 Gun. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 55 I submit the following list of the corps, division, and brigade corn- inanders who were wounded in the campdign (the killed having already been especially noticed), regretting hat the scope of this report will not admit of my specifying by name all the many gallant men who were killed and wounded in the numerous engagements in the Shenan- doah Valley and most respectifilly call attention to the accompanying - snb-reports for such particulars as will, I trust, do frill ustice to all: Generals H~ G. Wright, 3. B. Bicketts, Grover Duval,E. Upton, B. S Mackenzie, Kitehing (since died of wounds), 3. ii. McIntosh, G. H. Chap- man, Thomas 0. Devin, Penrose; Cola. D. D.Johnson, Daniel Macauley, Jacob Sharpe. From the 7th of August the Middle Department, Departuient of Washington, Department of the Susquehanna, and the Department of West Virginia, were under my command, and I desire to express my gr& titude to their respective commanders, Miii. (lens. Lew. Wallace, C. C. Augur, Couch, and Cadwalader, and to Maijor-Generals Hunter and Crook, who at separat& times commanded the latter depart- ment, for the assistance given me. General Augur operated very effectively with a small force under his command, the reports of which were forwarded direct to the War Department. After the battle of Cedar Creek nothing of importance occurred in the Valley up to Feb- ruary 27, 1866, the day on which the cavalry moved from Winchester to Petersburg. On the night of November 11, 1864, General Early moved some of his shattered forces to the northof Cedar Creek,forthepur- pose of bluster, I suppose, as on the night of the following day he has~y retired. In consequence of contradictory information received from scouts and captured cavalq prisoners I was unconvinced of any rebel infantry being in my vicinity until iLwas too late to overtake it in Its galloping retreat~ a retreal which was continued until in the vicinity of Laceys Springs, near Harrisonburg. Powell engaged the rebel cavalry co-operating on the Front Royal pike with this force, and drove it through Front Royal to Milford, capturing two pieces of artil- %uring this campaign Iwas at times annoyed by guerrilla bands, the most formidable of which was under a partisan chief named Mosby, who made his headquarters east of the Blue Ridge, in the section of country about Upperville. I had constantly refused to operate against the an believing them to be, substantially, a benefit to me,as. they preven straggling and kept my trains well closed up, and dis- charged such other duties as would have required a provost guard of at least two regiments of cavalry. In retaliation for the assistance and sympathy given them, however, by theinhabitantsof Loudoun Valley General Merritt, with two brigades of cavalry was directed to proceed on the 28th of November, 1864, to that valley, under the following instructions: HuwQunnzs MmDLu Mnzn~w Divisiox, Nt. M~J. (len. Wzsr.uv. HeuSer 57, LUSt CosuscseIIag First (Muir, IXhWom: Gunma: You are hereby directed to proceed to-morrow morning .t 7 oPciock, with the two brigades d ~ arnaja rn in es.~i., to...... So of ti. mu. Ridge, via Ashbfs (lap, ad operate against the guerrillas in the districtof country boulided a the south by the 1 no of the Mansasas (lap Railroad as far east a White Plains, on the east by the Buli Run range, on the west by the Shenandoah River, and a the north by the Potomac. This section has been the hot-bed of lawles Page 56 56 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ca~r. LV. bands, who have from time to time depredated upon small parties on the line of army communications, on safeguards left at houses, and on troops. Their real object is plunder and highway robbery. To clear the country of these parties that are bringing destruction npon the innocent, as well as their guilty supporters, by their cowardly acts, you will consume and destroy all forage and subsistence, burn all barns and mills and their contents, and drive oft all stock in the region the boun- daries of which are above described. This order must be literally executed, bearing in mind, however, that no dwellings are to be burned, and that no personal violence be offered the citizens. The ultimate results of the guerrilla system of warfare is the total destruction of all private rights in the country occupied by such parties. This destruction may as well commence at once, and the responsibility of it must rest upon the authorities at Richmond, who have acknowledged the legitimacy of guerrilla bands. The injury done this army by them is very slinht. The injury they have inflicted upon the people, and upon the rebel army, may be counted by mil- lions. The Reserve Brigade of your division will move to Snickersville on the 29th. Snickersville should be your point of concentration and the point from which you should operate in destroying toward the Potomac. Four Jays subsistence will be taken by the command. Forage can be gathered from the country through which you pass. You will return to your present camp at Snickersville on the fifth day. By command of Maj. Gen. P. H. Sheridan: JAMES W. FORSYTH, Lieutenant.Colonel and Chief of Staff. On December 19 General Torbert, with Merritts and Powells divis ions, was pnshed through Chester Gap to strike the Virginia Central Railroad at Charlottesville or Gordonsyille. An engagement took place, in which two pieces of artillery were captured, but failing to gain Gor- donsyille or strike the railroad he returned to Winchester, via War- renton. Custer, with hi division, was at the same time pushed up the Valley to make a diversion in favor of Torbert, but encountering the enemy near flarrisonburg, who attacked his camp at daylight on the ensuing day, he was obliged, in consequence of superior force, to retire. The weather was so intensely cold during these raids that horses and men suffered most severely, and many of the latter were badly frost- bitten. On the 5th of February Harry Gilmor, who appeared to be the last link between Maryland and the Confederacy, and whose person 1 desired in order that this link might be severed, was made prisoner near Moore- field, his capture being very skillfully made by Colonel Young, my chief of scouts, and a party under Lieutenant-Colonel Whitaker, First Con- necticut Cavalry, sent to support him. Gilmor and Mosby carried on the same style of warfare, running trains off railways, robbing the pas- sengers, & c. In closing this report it gives me great pleasure to speak of the skill, energy, and gallantry displayed by my corps and division commanders, and I take this opportunity of acknowledging the assistance given me by them at all times. To the members of my staff, who so cheerfully on all occasions gave me their valuable assistance, who so industriously labored to execute every duty promptly, and who always behaved with gallantry, I return my sincere thanks. They all joined with me in the (leep grief felt at the loss sustained by the army, an(1 the friendly ties broken by the death of their fellow staff officers, Colonel Tolles, chief quartermaster, and Assistant Surgeon Ohlenschlager, medical inspector, who were killed while on their way from Martinsburg to Cedar Creek in October, 1864, and in that of the death of the gallant Lieutenant 1\Ieigs, my chief engineer, who was killed while examining and mapping the country near Bridgewater, just above Harrisonburg. This young officer was endeared to me on account of his invaluable knowledge of the coun- try, his rapid sketching, his great intelligence, and his manly and so Page 57 CHAP. LVA THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 57 (lierly qualities. I would also here especially mention the loss of two of lily most efficient staff officers, Lieutenant-Colonels Kellogg and OKeeffe, both of whom died after having passed through the dangers and privations of years of warfare, the former of fever, consequent upon excessive labor during the campaign from Petersburg to Appomattox, the latter from wounds received at the battle of Five Forks. The report of the march from Winchester to Petersburg,* to engage in the fimial campaign, has heretofore been furnished, but I consider it in tiict a sequel to this. I attach hereto an abstract of ordnance and ordnance stores captured from the enemy during the campaign (the 101 pieces of artillery being exclusive of the twenty-four pieces recaptured in the afternoon at Cedar (reek), also a detailed report of my casualties, which are in 16,952. , , 38; wounded 11 893 the aggre gate, as follows: Killed 1 9 , , , missing, 3,121; total, The records of the provost-marshal, Middle Military Division, show about 13,000 prisoners (as per annexed certificate) to have been received by him, and receipts are among the records of the assistant adjutant- general, Middle Military Division, for forty-nine battle-flags, forwarded to the honorable the Secretary of War. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. II. S[IEIIIDAN, Major- General, U. AS. Army. Rvt. Maj. Gen. JOHN A. RAWLINS, Chief of Stafl~, Washington, 1). C. - Inclosure No. I.] HEADQUARTERS, In the Field, ]Ifonoeaey Bridge, Md., A ugast 5, 1864. Maj. Gen. ft HUNTER, Commanding Department e~f West T~rginia: GENERAL: Concentrate all your available forces without delay in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, leaving only such railroad guards and garrisons for public property as may be necessary. Use iii this concen- tration the railroad, if by so doing time can be saved. From IIarper~ Ferrv,if it is found that the enemy has moved north of the Potomac in great force, push north, following and attacking him wherever found; following him if driven south of the Potomac as long as it is safe to (10 so. If it is ascertained the enemy has but a small force north of the Potomac, then push south with the main force, detailing, under a com- })etent commander, a sufficient force to look after the raiders and drive them to their homes. In detailing such a force, the brigade of cavalry now en route from Washington, via iRockville, may be taken into account. There are now on the way to join you three other brigades of the best cavalry, numbering at least 5,000 men and horses. These will be instructed, in the absence of further orders, to join you by the south side of the Potomac. One brigade will probably start to-morrow. In pushing up the Shenandoah Valley, as it is expected you will have to go first or last, it is desirable that nothimmg should be left to invite the enemy to return. Take all ~)rovisions, forage, amid stock wanted for the use of your command; such as cannot be consumed destroy. It is not desirable that buildings should be destroyed; they should rather l)e pro To appear in Vol. XLVI Page 58 58 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. tected, but the people should be informed that so long as any army can subsist among them recurrences of these raids must be expected, and we are determined to stop theni at all hazards. Bear in mind the object is to drive the enemy south, and to do this you waiit to keep him always in sight. Be guided in your course by the course he takes. Make your own arrangements for supplies of all kinds, giving regular vouchers for such as may be taken from loyal citizens.* Very respectfully, U. S. GRANT, Lieutenant- General. [Inclosure No. 2.] Ab8tract of ordnance and ordnance stores captured from the enemy by the U. S. Forces commanded by Afaj. Gen. P. H. Sheridan, campaign of the Shenandoah Valley, Va., 1864. v-~a s~- li~a ~ a a-- ~ ~ be ~-~ ~ 90 ~Q ~a o~ a a~ ~ a. ~e whereabouts of captured ord- Date of receipt. -~. - ~Z- ~- nance. ,~. ,~ +~ ~ ~ .00 ~ -~ L ~ ~ee 0 -~ --be-- ci ci ci Washington Arsenal October 19 2 . - 12 Do October29 4! 1 2 2 Do November14 1 Do November17 1 1 1 Do November 18 Do December31 2 Alleghany Arsenal August 20... -- 4 Harpers Ferry depot December 28. 11:1 - 6 Dci Ponts battery October 19 1 Total 12 9 7 1~ 29~ 0i. ;~ ~o. aq) a ~ ~ ~ ~ - a 0~ a-~ aO-. b-~ Q Whereabouts of captured ord- Date of receipt. a nance. - ~ a ~ n ~ a~ ~.$ ~~~[4iJ ~ -- a H Washington Arsenat October 19 Do October 2 Do -~ October2911 Do November 7 Do November 14 Do November 17 Do November 18 Do December 31 Alleghany Arsenal August 20 Harpers Ferry depot December 28 Dii Ponts battery October 19 Iteissue(l to batteries in Middle Various times be- Military Division by the Ord tween Septem- nance Department. her 1, 1864, and January 1, 1865. Total 10 1 1 1 I 3 1 -. 16 .1 K:.-:::. 24 I - - 2 2 2 4 13 1 24 24 1 119 241 1 2 For this communication, as quoted by Grant, see Vol. XXXVI, Part I, p. 29 Page 59 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 59 Abstract of ordnance and ordnance stores captured from the enemy, ~c.Continued. 2 a Whereabouts of cap- hired ordnance Dateofre- aa ~ ceipt. ~a a a stores. .~ ~- a a a a.~ ~ .2 0 S a ~ ~ a 2 a a 13 ~ 0 H Washington Arsenal -- Various 47 34 120 44 34 644 207 497 1,426 times. Alleghany Arsenal Au~. 20 .. - 4 1 8 Harpers Ferry depot Dec. 28.... 7 2 1,486 1,117 1, 038 1,184 Do Pouts battery Oct. 19.... 1 lleissue(l to batteries Various 24 in Middle Military t i nit e s Division by the Ord between nauce Department Sept. 3, 1864,and Jan. 3, 1865. Total 83 35 128 2 1,530 1,151 1,682 207 497 1,184 5,067 HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, January 7, 1865. I certify that the above is a correct statement of ordnance and ord- nance stores captured by Major-General Sheridan and turned over to the Ordnance Department for reissue up to the 1st day of January, 1865. GEG. W. McKEE, First Lieutenant of Ordnance, U. & Army, Chi~f Ordnance Officer, Middle Military Dirision. [Inclosure No. 3.] List of casualties in the U. S. Forces commanded by Maj. Gen. P. H. Sheridan, campaign ie the Shenandoah Valley, Va., 1864. Battle. Date. a SIXTH ARMY CORPS. OpequoL Sept. 19 213 1,424 48 1,685 Fishers Hill Sept. 22. - 24 210 1 237 Cedar Creek Oct. 19 255 1,666 204 2,215 Recounaissances and minor enga~ements 86 665 11 762 Total 578 3, 065 356 4, 809 NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. Opequon Sept. 19... 275 1,228 451 1,956 Fishers Hill ....... Sept. 22. 11 47 2 60 Cedar Creek .. -- I Oct. 19.11 243 1,352 893 2, 488 Ileconnaissances and minor engagements .... 57 446 13 516 Total t 586 3, 073 1, 361 5, 020 ARMY OF WEST VIRGINIA. - Opequon and Fishers Hill S Sept. 19. ~ 105 840 8 953 Sept. 22.. Cedar Creek Oct. 19... 46 268 533 847 Reconnaissances and minor en~agements ....~ 15(3 839 96 1,085 Total 101 1,947 637 2.88 Page 60 80 OPERATIONS IX N. VA., W. VA., MD., All) PA. (Ow. LV. LIeS of maudlin Ii. the U. & Form, ~N.Coutinued.. I 1T Battle. 1..]t.i iKJ7 PROYJECUAL DIVUWN. CeelarOreek ... Oat. 19... 19 Si 121 251 CAVALRY. Oaeauou Set IS... Tmhis Creek (Tas kook] 065. 9... (MarCreek Oat. 19... Twaty.alx other engagmeata.. Total.. ____ ___ [Inolosure Na Li ADDENDA. 267 iS SAl 9 45...... 57 iS9~ S 514 ens am sn 8.295 a~snrn son Gradtotal i.m n,inm,lm 16,52 HnDQtTARTnS MILITARY DIVISION OF THE GULF, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OnIon, lie,. Otis...., IA., November 18,1865. GEnRAL: Ihave the honor to report that the number of Confederate prisoners received by the forces under your command from August 1, 1864, to March 1,1865, was about 18,000. The names of nearly that number are recorded on the bodks recently used in the office of the provost4arshaljner4 Middle Military Division. juuou.LuzaJsu mitted. E. B. PARSONS2 Late Proent.Marakal.Geserai, Middle Military Dirnion. Maj. (len. P. H. SHEHIDAN, U.S. Army. HEADQUARTERS MiDDLE MILITARY DIvISIoN, September 13,1864. Brig. (len. Ia. THOMAs,. Adjutant-Ge.serai U. S. Army: GEnRAL: I have the honor to forward herewith as complete a field return as is possible at the present time. The most strenuous exertions are being madeby me to obtain aflill return, but the difficulty in obtaining such from the commanding officer Department of West Virginia, because of his command covering so great an extent of coun- try, has so far prevented. The inclosed return does not include the cavalry under Averell (about 2,500) or the troops of the Departments of Washington, Susquehanna, or Middle. I simply forward it you as a statement, showing the number of men for duty south of the Potomac, hoping soon to furnish complete all reports required. Very respectfully, your obedient ~ SHERIDAN, Mejor-GeseraL For revised statements of louses at the Opequon, Fishers Hill, and Cedar Creek, pp. 112,120,181 Page 61 Cnir. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 61 [Inclosure.] Field return of troops in the field belonqing to the Middle Military Di rision, September 10, 1864. Present for duty. ___________ I a Troops. Officers. Men. _______________ ffi ______ _________________ Sixth Army Corps: Infantry 668 12. 028 12, 674 Artillery 22 626 648 Nineteenth Army Corps: Infantry 660 12, 150 12, 810 Artillery 7 208 215 Army of West Vir,,,inia: Infantry 106 6, 834 7,140 Artillery 12 355 367 Cavalry ~General Torbert) 319 6, 126 6,465 Artillery 7 346 353 Military District of harpers Ferry a 204 4, 611 4, 815 fotal 2, 203* 43, 284 45, 487 a Artillery, cavalry, and infantry. P. II. SHERIDAN, Major- General, Commanding. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Ma,jor-General SHERIDAN Washtngton, September 20, 1864. llinehester, Va. have just heard of your great victory. God bless you all, officers and men. Strongly inclined to come up and see you. A. LINCOLN. WNR DEPARTMENT, Washington, September 20, 18b4. (Sent S p. us.) Major-General SHERIDAN, In the held Please accept for yourself and your gallant army the thanks of the President and this Department for your great battle and brilliant vic- tory of yesterday. The President has appointed you a brigadier-general in the Regular Army, and you have been assigned to the permanent command of the Middle Division. One hundred guns were fired here at noon to-(lay in honor of your victory. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS ARMIES OF THE UNITED STATES, In the Field, City Point, Va., September 22, 186-110 p. ft. Major-General SHERIDAN, sStrasbitrg, Va. I congratulate you and the army serving under you for the great victory just achieved. It has been most opportune in point of time * So in original. The addition of the column 18 2,225 which if t correctly stated, would make the aggi-egate 45.509. he factors ar Page 62 62 OPERATIONS TN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. Lv. and effect. It will open again to the Government and to the public the very important line of road from Baltimore to the Ohio, and also the Chesapeake Canal. Better still, it wipes out much of the stain upon oni arms by previous disasters in that locality. May yonr good work continue is now the prayer of all loyal men. U. S. GRANT, Lieutenant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, October 12, 1864. (Sent 9 p. in.) Major-General SHERIDAN: This Department again tenders its thanks to you, and through you to Major-General Torbert, Generals Merritt and Custer, and the officers and soldiers under their command, for the brilliant victory won last Sunday by their gallantry over the rebel cavalry in the Sheuandoah Valley. Under gallant leaders your cavalry has become the efficient arm in this war that it has proved in other countries, and is winning by its exploits the admiration of the Government and the country. EDWiN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, October 22, 1864. MajorGeneral SHERIDAN: With great pleasure I tender to you and your brave army the thanks of the nation and my own personal admiration and gratitude for the months operations in the Shenandoah Valley, and especially for the splendid work of October 19, 1864. Your obedient servant, ABRAHAM LINCOLN. GENERAL ORDERS, WAR DEPT., ADJT. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 282. Washington, November 14, 1864. Ordered by the President. * * * * * * II. That for the personal gallantry, military skill, and just confidence in the courage and patriotism of his troops, displayed by Philip II. Sheridan, on the 19th day of October, at Cedar Run, whereby, under the blessing of Providence, his routed army was reorganized, a great national disaster averted, and a brilliant victory achieved over the rebels for the third time in pitched battle within thirty days, Philip II. Sheridan is appointed Major-General in the U. S. Army, to rank as such from the 8th day of November, 1864. By order of the President of the United States: E. D. TOWNSEND, Assistant A~jn taut- General Page 63 CHAP. LY.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 63 GENERAL ORDERS,? WAR DEPT., ADJT. GENERALS OFFICE, No. 20. Washington, February 11, 1865. The following joint resolution of the Senate and House of Represent- atives of the United States of America is published for the information of all concerned: [PUBLIC RESOLUTIONNO. 13.] JOINT RESOLUTION tendering the thanks of Congress to Major-General Philip H. Sheridan, and the officers and men under his command. Be it resoired by the Senate and House of Bepreseatatires of Ihe United States of America in Congress assembled, That the thanks of Congress are hereby tendered to Major- General Philip H. Sheridan, and to the officers and mcii under his command, for the gallantry, military skill, and courage displayed in the brilliant series of victories achieved by them in the Valley of the Shenandoah, and especially for their services at Cedar Run on the nineteenth day of October, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, which retrieved the fortunes of the day and thus averted a great disaster. SEC. 2. And be it further resoleed, That the President of the United States be, and hereby is, requested to commuiiicate this resolution to Major-General Sheridan, and through hint to the officers and soldiers under his command. Approved February 9, 1865. By order of the Secretary of War: E. D. TOWNSEND, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 2. Ibnerary qf the U. s~. Forces conimanded by Maj. (len. Philip H. Sh~r idan.* SIXTH ARMY CORPS.t August 1 and 2.In camp at Frederick, Md. August -3.Moved by way of Slabtown and Buckeystown across the Monocacy and encamped on the bank, where the corps remained until the night of the 5th, when it moved to Monocacy Junction. August 6.Embarked on the cars in the morning and arrived at Hailtown, Va., in the afternoon. August 7 to 9-Encamped at Halltown, Va. August 10.Moved to near Berryville. A ugust 11.Moved to Milford pike, near the Opequon Creek. August 12.Moved to Cedar Creek, three miles from Strasburg. A ugust 13.-Advanced to hill overlooking Strasburg, and same night returned to Cedar Creek. A ugust 14 to 1G.Remained at Cedar Creek. August 17.Moved to Opequon Creek, on Berryville pike, leaving one brigade (First Brigade, First Division) at Winchester. This bri- gade was engaged, and lost about 300 officers and men. A ugust 18.Moved to near Charlestown, encamping on Smithfield pike. August ii) and 20.At Charlestown. From returns of the commands iu(licated for August, September, October, Novem- ber, and Deceniber. 1864. Commanded by Maj. Gen, Horatio (~, Wright Page 64 64 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. August 21.Enemy attacked us, the corps losing about 275 in killed and wounded; rejpulsed the attack of the enemy; moved at night to Halitown. A igust 22 to 27.Remained at Hailtown. August 28.Moved to near Charlestown, on Smithfield pike, where the corps remained until the 31st. AS1eptember 1 to 3.Encamped near Charlestown. September 3.Marched to Clifton, near Berryville. September 3 to 19.Remained there. September 13.A reconnaissance was made to the Opequon by the Second Division. It returned same day. September 19.Moved to the Opequon; crossed and participated in the engagement of that day. September 20.Moved from Winchester at daylighi; marched to Strasburg and encamped. September 21.Took an advanced position from the enemy at Fishers Hill. September 22.Participated in the battle of Fishers Hill and marched in pursuit of the enemy, encamping at Woodstock. September 23.Continued pursuit and encamped one mile south of Edenburg. September 24.Moved to a point four miles south of New Market and encamped. September 25.Marched to Harrisonburg. Remained there until the 29th. September 29.Moved to Mount Crawford and encamped. September 30.Returned to Harrisonburg. October 1 to 6.Remained in camp at Harrisonburg. October 6.Marched from Harrisonburg to near Mount Jackson, encamping at Rudes Hill. October 7.Marched to vicinity of Woodstock and encamped. October 8.Moved to Strasburg; remained there until the 10th. October 10.Moved to vicinity of Front Royal; remained there until the 13th. October 13.Marched toward Ashbys Gap. On arriving near the Shenandoah River and Ashbys Gap the orders were countermanded; moved back to Millwood and encamped. October 14.Broke camp at 2 a. in., and marched to Cedar Creek, encamping on the north bank; remained until the 19th. October 19.Participated in the battle of Cedar Creek, in which the enemy were seriously defeated. October 20 to 31.Remained in our old camps. Nocember 1 to 8.Remained in camp at Cedar Creek. ~Tocember 9.Moved to vicinity of Kernstown and encamped. Xorember 9 to 30.Remained in camp near Kerustown; slight skir- mishing with the enemy on the 10th and 11th. December 1.First Division broke camp near Kerustown; marched to Stephensons Station and took cars for Washington; arrived there on the 2d and at once embarked on transports for City point. Decem ber 4.Arrived at City Point; proceeded in cars to Parkes Station; from thence marched to the line of works, and relieved the Third Division, Fifth Corps. Remained in camp until the 9th instant. December 9.The division movcd out to Hatchers Run as a support to a reconnaissance made by General Miles, ~of the Second Corps. December 10,~Rcturiied to camp, where they still remain Page 65 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 65 December 1 to 9.Second Division remained near Kernstown; broke camp on the 9th and marched to Stephensons Station and took cars for Washington. December 10.Arrived in Washington aiid embarked oii trans ports for City Point. December 16.Arrived in front of Petersbnrg and encamped. Third Division remained in camp near Kernstown nntil the 3d. December 3.Broke camp, and marched to Stephensons Station; took ears for Washington. December 4.Arrived in Washington and embarked on transports for City Point. December 6.Arrived at City Toint; moved to the line of works and relieved part of the Fifth Corps. December 9.Made a reconnaisaance to the Vanghan road. December 10.Returned to camp. December 11 to 31.Remained there. First Division. August 2.Moved from camp near Frederick City and marched to the vicinity of Buckeystown, where we remained until the 5th. A ugust 5.Moved as guard to the train to Harpers Ferry; encamped at ilailtown, where we remained until the 9th. A ugust 9 [10J.With the rest of the corps commenced the movement up the Valley to Strasburg. August 16.Moved down the Valley. August 18.Arrived at Charlestown. A ugust 21.Moved back as far as ilailtown; remained niitil the 28th, when the command moved as far as Charlestown, taking np its 01(1 position. September 1 and 2.In camp near Charlestown, Va. September 3.Moved from camp near Charlestowii, Va., and marched as far as Clifton and intrenched and remained until the 19th. September 19.With the rest of the corps, moved to the Opequon; crossed that stream and participated in the engagel ient of that day. September 20.Left Winchester at daylight and marched to Stras- burg and encamped for the night. September 22.Participated in the battle of Fishers Hill and fol- lowed up the enemy to 11 arrisonburg. September 29.Marched to Mouiit Crawford and encamped for the night. September 30.Moved back to llarrisonburg and encamped. October 1.The division was encamped at Harrisonburo Va. October 6.Moved from I-larrisonburg to Mount Jackson, twenty-four miles. October 7.Moved from Mount Jackson to Woodstock tw October 8.Marched to Strasburo; remained in camp at dye miles. that place until the 10th, ~~hen the division moved to Front Royal. October 13.Moved to Miliwood. October 14.Moved back to Cedar Creek, where we remained in camp until the 19th, when the divisiomi, with the other divisions of the corps, pavtic~pated in the fight of that day. At night time old camps were reoccupied. ~Tore,nbcr 9.Changed camp from Cedar Creek to Kerustown, four miles south of Winclmeste; S H HVOL XLIiI~ PT Page 66 66 oPERATIOS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LY, November ii.Beconnaissance on the part of the enemy against the right. November 14.Enemy retired I~ and over Cedar Creek. November 15.Commenced intrenching the front line. .Ynember *1.Division, with the rest of the corps, reviewed by Ga-. eral Sheridan. November 80.Received orders to start for Petersburg. First Brigade, First Division. (August. 1The brigade has been in all of the engagements in which the Sixth Corps has participated during the month. [September.]Since last return (September 1) the brtade has been in all of the enpagements in which the Sixth Corps has participated. (Oetober.]Since last return the brigade has been in all of the engage- ments in Which the Sixth Corps has partici ated. WI NovemberVlSince last return the brigade has been encamped near chester, Va~ December 1.The brigade broke camp near Winchester, Ys, and marched to Stephensons Station; from thence by rail to Washington and boat to City Point December 4.Arrived at City Point December 5.Left City Point ad arrived at its present camp near Petersburg. Second Brigade, First Division. August 1.In camp about four miles from Frederick City, on Jeffer- son road. August 2.Quiet in camp. August 8.Marched to Monocacy and encamped. August 5.At 12p. m. commenced march for Harpers Ferry. August 6.Arrived at Harpers Ferry at 3p. in.; encamped at Hall- town at 6p.m. August 10.Marched at 6 a. m. and encamped at Clifton; fifteen miles. August 11.Marched at 5 a. a and encamped six miles from Win- chester, southeast. August 12.Marched at 7.30 a. m. in rear of trains and encamped at Middletown. August iLCrossed Cedar Creek at 7 a. m. and halted one mile and a half from Strasburg; enemy fond in position; recrossed Cedar Creek; encamped on old ground. August 14.-Quiet in camp. August 15.Changed camp. August 16.Commenced march for Winchester at lOp. a August 17.Continued march; passed through Winchester at 8 a. m. and encamped on Opequon at 4.30 p. m. August litTook position on Opequon at 3.30 a. m~ marched at 6 a. a via Berryville and encamped two miles from Chariestown. August 19 mid 20.Quiet in camp. August 21.Enemy appeared at 8 a. m.~ skirmishing all day. August 22.Retired at 2 a.m.towardJiarpers Ferry and encamped on former ground. At 12. m. moved to Crooks left and remained in reserve; enemy in front, not disposed to attack Page 67 Quo. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OAMPAIGN. 67 August 28.Marehed at 7 a. in. and encamped one mile and a half front Charlestown, in the position held on the 21st instant. August 29 to 31.Quiet in camp. Zfovember tBroke camp at Cedar Creek; marched to Kernstown and encamped, remaining until the end of the month. Third Brigade, First Division. August 2~Koved from camp near Frederick City and marched to the vicinity of Buckeystown, where we remained until the 5th. August 5.Moved as guard to the trains to Harpers Ferry; encamped at Halltown, where we remained until the 9th [10th], when, with the rest of the corps we commenced the movement up the Valley. August 1*.TAe brigade was detached from the rest of the division and ordered bgaruison Winchester. August iLRelieved by General K marched as guard to the trains as far as Middletown, rejoining the division at Cedar Creek; remained until the night of the 16th, when the command marched, reaching the Opequon the following afternoon. August flMarched in the morning to the vicinity of Charleston. August 21.The enemy attacked our picket-he, the Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Volunteers and Second Rhode Island Volunteers on the line. At night moved back as far as Halitown. August itIn Vie afternoon ordered to support of the Army of West Virginia Remained in this position until the 81st, when the command moved as far as Charleston, taking up its old position. September & Moved from camp near Charleston, Vs., and marched as far as Clifton, where the position was intrenched, and the command remained in it until the morning of the 19th. September 19.Moved out to the Opequon; crossed that stream shortly after daylight and participated in the engagement of that day, losing 16 commissioned officers and 228 enlisted men. September 29.The command was assigned to duty at Winchester, where it remained as a garrison to the post to the closeof the month. October 29.Broke camp at Winchester, Va. escorted a wagon train to Middletown, leaving the -seventh ILssachusetta Volun- teers in Winchester, Va. Arrived at Middletown about 3p. in.; went into camp on the right of the Second Brigade, where the brigade has remained since that time. December 1.The brigade left its camp near Kernstown; proceeded by rail from Step enson s Depot to Washington. December 2.Took transports. December 4.4hortly after noon reached City Point, where the com- mand was debarked and proceeded by rail to Parke?s Station. Second Di,isioa. August & Moved from Frederick to Buckeystown. August 6.Moved to Harpers Ferry. August 7~Moved to Hafltown. August 11.Moved to Cedar Creek via Charleston. August itMoved to Strasburg. August 14.Moved back to Cedar Creek. August flMoved back to Charleston. August 21.Engaged with the enemy, and moved back to Hafltown. August 28.Moved to Charleston Page 68 [CHAP. LV. 68 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. September 4 [3j.Broke camp at Charlestown and marched to Clifton, near Berryville. September 13.Marched on a reconnaissance to Opequon Creek; at Gilberts Crossing encountered the enemy and skirmished all day. After dark retnrned to old camp near Berryville, Va. September 19.Broke camp avid marched across the Opequon Creek, on the Berryville and Winchester pike. The division formed in one line near Winchester: attacked the enemyrarlys army; took many l)risoners and drove the enemy beyond Winchest er. Casualties this day in the division about 550. September 20.Marched from Winchester via Stephensbnrg and Mid- dietown to Strasburg. September 21.Marched on the right of Strasbimrg; encountered the enemy; First Brigade drove them from a commanding crest. The division took position and intrenched during the night in front of Fishers Hill. September 22.The division participated in the great battle of this day; advanced and engaged the enemy, capturing some 300 prisoners, 7 pieces of artillery, and 1 battle-flag; casa Ities about 50; followed the enemy all night. September 23.Rested in the morning at Woodstock and marched in the p. m. beyond Edenburg. September 21.Moved forward to Mount Jackson; drove the enemys rear guard; passed New Market and encamped beyond. September 25.Marched to Tlarrisonbnrg and encamped. September 29.Marched to Mount Crawford. September 30.Returned to Harrisonbnrg, Va. October 1.Lay en camped at Harrisonburg. October G.Broke camp near Harrisonbnrg; marched twenty-one miles and encamped between New Market and Mount Jackson. October 7.Marched eighteen miles and encamped near Woodstock. October 8.Marched to Strasburg. October 10.Marched to near Front Royal. October 13.Left camp near Front Royal, and proceeded to the Shen- andoah (Berrys Ferry), with orders to march by Ashbys Gap and Aldie pike to Alexandria. On reaching the Shenandoah we were ordered back, and returned to Miliwood and encamped for the night. October 11.At 1 a. m. broke caump and mnarched by way of White Post and Newtown to Middletown, Va.; took position and went mnto camp. October 15.At Middletown, Va. October 19.Fought the battle of Cedar Creek, in which the enemy was beaten. October 21.Crossed Cedar Creek and encamped in position on time heights over Strasburg; erected fortifications amid remained during the rest of the month. Norember 1.In camp at Strasburg, Va. November 9.Moved to position near Kerustown, Va. ~orembcr 11.Slight skirmishing with the enemy. Fir8t Brigade, Second Division. September 3.At 5 a. m. moved from camp near Charlestown to Clif- ton. September 4.Built a line of ritle-pits extending northeast to the Smithfield pike, connecting on the left with Third Division Page 69 CHiP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 69 September 19.Second Division marched on a reconnaissance to Ope- quon Creek, near the crossing of the Summit pike and Winchester road. Returned to camp at daik. September 19.Battle of Winchester. September 20.At 6 a. m. moved south; passed through Strasburg and Middletown; crossed Cedar Creek. September 21.Moved to the right and front two or three miles skir- mislimg with the enemy; charged and carried a prominent crest nnder the supervision of General Sheridan. September 22.Engaged in battle of Fishers liii]; cal)tlire(I redoubt, with fonr-gun battery. September 23.Moved to a mile south of Edenburg. & ptember 24.Moved to l{awkinsburg ami iViount Pleasant [Mount Jackson]; crossed North Fork of the Shenandoah. September 25.Moved to Harrisonburg. September 29.Moved to Mount Crawford. September 30.Returned to Harrisonburg. October 1.Camp near Jlarrisonburg, in the Valley of the Shenan- doah. October 6.Marched to Mount Jackson. October 7.Marched two miles iiorth of Woodstock. October 8.Marched to Strasburg. October 10.Marched to the junction of the North and South Forks of the Shenandoah, near Front Royal. October 13.Marched with the rest of the corps to Berrys Ferry, on the Shenandoah, near Ashbys Gap, via White Post and Millwood, with orders to proceed to Alexandria for shipment to Fort Monroe. When about to ford the river an order caine from General Sheridan to march back to Mi(ldletown; countermarched to Millwood arid bivouacked. October 14.At 2.30 a. m. started for Middletown, via White Post and Stephensburg; arrived there at 2 p. m. arid formed on the right of the Nineteenth Corps. October 19.Engaged in the battle of Cedar Creek. October 21.Moved with the rest of the division to the lull north of Strasbnrg and intrenched the position. October 31.Reviewed by l3revet Major-General Getty. December 1.In camp three miles south of Winchester, Va. December 9.Broke camp aiid marched to Stephensons Depot. December 10.Marched to within two miles sonth of Charlestown, Va. December 11.Marched to Jefferson, Md., via Harpers Ferry. December 12.Marched to Mouocacy Junction, Md. December 13.Took cars for Washington; arrived there at 9 p. m. same day. December 11.Embarked on steam-boats for City Point. December 16.Debarked; took cars for Patricks Station on the mil- itary railroad; arrived there the same night. December 31.lu camp near Patricks Station, Va. Third Brigade, Second Di ~8i() September 3.Moved from IBolivar to Charlestown. September 7.Moved to near l3erryville. September 14 [13J.Made a reconnaissance to Opequon Cree~k. September 19.Moved at 2 a. m. and engaged the enemy at Opequon Creek Page 70 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. LV. 70 September 20.Followed the enemy to Strasburg. September 22.Engaged the enemy at Fishers lull; drove them and followed up to Woodstock. September 23.Marched at 12 m. to Edenbnrg. September 24.Marched through Mount Jackson to New Market. Septem ber 25.Marched to Ilarrisonburg. September 29.Marched at 4.30 a. m. to Mount Crawford. September 30.Moved at 12 m. back to Harrisonburg. October G.Marched from iVlarrisonburg to New Market. October 7.Marched from New Market to Woodstock. October 8.Marched from Wood~tock to Strasburg. October 10.Marched to North Fork of Shenandoah River. October 11.Marched to Front Royal, sending one regiment in town as provost guard. October 13.Marched to Miliwood. October 14.Marched from Millwood to Middletown. October 19.Engaged the enemy at Cedar Creek. October 21.Moved to near Strasburg and intrenched, in which posi- tion the brigade now lays [31st]. Norember 11.Broke camp near Strasbnrg at 2 a. in. an(l marched to near Winchester, where we are now encamped [30th]. December 9.Broke camp near N\Tinchester at 5 a. in.; marched to Stephensons Depot and took cars for Washington. December 10.Embarked at 5 p. m. on transports for City Point. December 12.Marched for Patricks Station, where we are now encamped [31st]. Third Division. August 1 and 2.The division remained in camp near Frederick City, Md. August 2.General Ricketts took command of the division. August 3.Marched to Buckeystown and encamped. August G.At about 9 p. m. the division marched to Frederick Junc- tion. August 7.Took cars and arrived at Harpers Ferry about noon; went into camp near Halltown. August 10.Marched at 5 a. m. About 4 p. in. encamped near Berry- ville. August 11.Continued the march and encamped near White Post for the night. August 12.Marched by way of Newtown and Middletowi~ ~inl en- camped near Cedar Creek. August 13.Advanced in battle order toward Strasburg. At 10 p. m. moved back to old camp of the morning. August 16. At S p. m. withdrew; marched all night. August 17.Reached Winchester at daylight; continued the march; encamped on the east side of the Opequon Creek. August 18.Resumed the march; at dark bivouacked near Charles- town. August 21.Skirmished with the enemy; division lost 2 killed, 13 wounded. August 22.At 2 a. m. moved kack to old camp at Ilailtown. August 28.Moved out of works to Flowing Spring and encamped in that neighborhood Page 71 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 71 Augest 29.At 3 p. m. division was sent out to Middleway to sup- port cavalry. Auyust 3() and 31.In vicinity of Middleway. ASeptembek- 3.Broke camp near Charlestown, Va~, and marched to Clifton Place, near lierryvifle, where the division encamped. September 18.iReceived orders to move, which, however, were couu- terinanded. Seji~tember 19.Broke camp at 2 a. m. and marched to the Opequon Creek, crossing at the Berryville pike, and encountered the enemy about three miles from Winchester. An advance was made at 11.40 a. in., which, however, was unsuccessful. We were forced to f7dl back some 200 yards, where we immediately reformed aud retook our ground. At 4 p. m. a general advance was made, and after a stubborn light the enemy gave way in disorder and fled from the field. After pursuing them beyond Winchester, the division encamped for the night on the S trasbnrg road near Winchester. September 20.Resumed the pursuit at daybreak; marched up the Valley pike to Strasburg, where the enemy had taken position on Fish- ers Hill. September 21.Skirmishing was continued all day. September 22.At 4 p. m. the division, in connection with the Eighth Corps,* charged the enemy on his left, completely routing him, captur- ing a number of prisoners and several pieces of artillery. The l)ursuit was continued all night. September 23.Halted at Woodstock at sunrise. At 12 m. marched to Edenburg and encamped for the night. September 24.Continued the pursuit to a point four miles south of ~ew Market and encamped for the night. September 25.Moved to Harrisonburg and encamped near town. September 29.Marched to Mount Crawford and encamped to the left of the pike. September 30.At noon broke camp and marched to our former posi- tion near Harrisonbnrg. October 6.Broke camp near Harrisonburg at (laylight and marched down the Valley, passed through New Market in Hill, near Mount Jackson. d encamped at Rudes October 7.Resumed the march at an early hour, and marched with corps to tIme vicinity of Woodstock and halted fbr the night. October 8.Continued the march to Strasbnrg, an(l encaml)e(l in the suburbs of the town. October 10.Broke camp and marched with the corps to the vicinity ot Front iRoval and went into camni). October 13.Marched toward Ashbys Cap with the corps. Upon arrivimug at the Shenandoah River the orders were countermanded; went into camp at Millwood. October 14.At 1 a. mu. received orders to march at once. Proceeded to Cedar Creek and encamped on its northern l)~mk. October 19.The enemy made aim impetuous attack about dayli~ht on the left of our lines. The (livision became briskly engaged with the enemy, but was toice(i to retire to a new position, being on thanked in the morning. At 10.30 a. in. General Sheridan arrived. At 2 ~ in. a general advance was ordered, and the emmemny were routed and (Iriven from the field. The loss in the division in this engagement was quite severe. Army of West Virginia, under Crook Page 72 72 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ow. LV. October 20 to 81.Remained in our old camps. November 1 to & .Bemained in camp at Cedar Creek, Ta. November 9.Broke camp at an early hour and marched with the corps to Kernatown and encamped. November 10 awl 11.The enemy made a strong demonstration in our front, but not effecting anything they withdrew. During the remainder of the month the division remained quietly In camp, nothing occurring worthy of note. December 8.The division broke camp near Kerustown, Ta., and marched to Stephensons Depots took the cars for Washington. December 4.Arrived at Washington ad took passage on transports. December 5 and 6.Arrived at City Poin& First Brigade, Third Div.ssos. August 1.The brigade was stationed at Frederick, Md. August & Marched to Buckeystown, Md. August 5.Marched to Monocacy Junction, Md.; at which place took cars to Harpers Ferry. August 10.Commenced marching up the Shenandoah Valley, going as far as Strasburg. August 16.Commenced failing back; at Charleston halted a few days. August 21.Engaged with the enemy; our loss 2 killed and 10 wounded. In the night fell back to vicinity of Bolivar Heights, where we remained until the 28th, when we again advanced toward Charles- town. Our situation at present (3lstl is on the pike between Smithfield and Charlestown, about three miles from the latter place. [September.]Nothing of importance occurred the first two weeks of the present month, the brigade remaining in camp near Clifton, Ta. September 19.At 2.30 a. m. the brigade, in conjunction with the whole army, moved in the direction of the Opequon Creek. The enemy were met immediately after crossing the stream, and at 11.40 a. m. the enemys lines were assaulted, and after a desperate battle the enemy were routed in the greatest confasion, we capturin; several guns and many prisoners. The enemy retreated in great disorder to Fishers Hill. September 22.Fought them a at Fishers Hill, completely rout- ing the whole of Earlys army. Our loss in the two above engagements was very severe, amounting in killed and wounded to 257, including 3 officers killed and 17 wounded. We followed the retreating enemy up the Valley to Mount Crawford. September 80.Moved back to Harrisonburg, where the brigade is now encamped. October 6.Remained at Harrisonburg from the 1st of the month up tc%the i$rehent date, when at 6 a. m. we broke camp and proceeded down the Valley; passed New Market in the evening and camped. October 7.Marched to Woodstock. October & Marched to Strasburg and encamped. October 10.Moved toward Front Royal, passing through Middle. town. October 14.At 330 a. m. returned to Middletown and encamped, where we remained until the morning of the 19th. October 1.9.About 5 a. m. were aroused by heavy firing in our front, and it soon became apparent that the enemy were making a desperate attack on our front and left flank. They succeeded in driving the Page 73 CHAP. LY.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 73 Eighth an(l Nineteenth Corps from their position in great disorder. We withstood the shock for some time, when we were ordered to fall back to a new position, which we did steadily, aithongli under a most galling fire. About 112 in., General Sheridan arriving on the ground, our lines were reformed, and at 3.30 p. in. we in turn charged the enemys lines. For some time it was doubtful whether we would suc- ceed in driving the enemy, but our troops, chagrined at our defeat and loss in the morning, resolved to conquer or die. In about an hour the rebel column oave way and lied iu great disorder, leaving their dead and wounded on the field, besides their artillery, camp and garrison equipage. The victory was most complete, the eiieiuy tiecing l)Crfectly demoralized. The same evening we occupied the camp we left in the luornino where we are at present [October 31]. December S.This command left its works near Winchester, Va., and marched to Stephensons Depot, and there took cars for Washington, 1). C. December 4.Arrived in Washington at 7 a. m. and embarked on transl)orts, and at 1.30 p. in. left for City Point, Va. December 5.Reached City Point at 9.30 a. m. and marched to Parkes Station, and occupied camp left by Fifth Corps, where it is still en- caml)ed [31st]. Second Brigade, Third Division. August 1 and 2.Remained in camp near Frederick City, Md. A ugust 3.Marched to I3uckeystown and encamped. August 5.Marched to Monocacy Junction. August G.Took cars and were conveyed to Pitzers Station; from thence the troops marched to viciuity of Halitown and encamped. A ugust 10.Took up line of march np the Valley, passing through Charlestown; encamped for the night at Clifton flirm. August 11.Continued the march to White Post. A ugust 12.Marched through Newtown, Middletown, and halted for time night near Cedar Creek. August 13.Crossed Cedar Creek and advanced to Strasburg, where the enemuv was found in force. At S p. in. the troops retired across the creek and encamped. A ugust 1G.At S p. in. broke camp and retreated toward Harpers Ferry; continued the march all night. August 17.Passed through Winchester, halting near the town for breaktast; emi camped near Opequomm Creek. August 18.Coutinned the retreat through I3erryvillc; encamped one mile west of Charlestown. August 21.Enemy made demonstration on our front. After heavy skirmishiug our forces fell back to Iialltowii and resumued our formnei~ camp. August 22 to 26.Erected fortifications. skirm constantly. , ishing going on almost August 27.Enemy retired from our front. August 28.Broke camup at 3 a. inn. and advanced toward Charlestown and established our position one mile west of towim; enemy ma(le slight resistance. August 29.Enemny drove in onr cavalry pickets; Third Division was ordered to the front. Skirmishers were thrown forward, who easily drove the enemy several miles; established camp four mnilQ~ west of Charlestown Page 74 74 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA.,. MD., AND PA. [Gun. LV. August 80.Slight skirmishing. August 81.Nothing of importance occurred. September 1 and iRemained iii cap near Charleston, Va. September & Broke camp at an early hour and marched with the corps to Clifton farm, near Berryville, where the troops encamped. September 19.Broke camp at 2 a. m. and marched with the corps in the direction of Winchester~ found the enemy in force near Opequon Creek; formed in line of bsrttle, and at 12 m. made a charge on the enemy. Owing to the want of connection between the lines of Sixth and Nineteenth Corps the charge was repulsed by the enemy. Our lines were reformed and the lost groimdwas recovered. At 4p. m. another assault was made which proved successful; the enemys lines were broken and they fled in confusion.. After pursuing the enemy through Winchester the troops bivouacked for the night near the ton. September 20.Marched to Strasburg, where the enemy was fond in position at Fishers HilL September 21.Heavy skirmishing all day. September 22.At 4p. in., hi connection with the First Brigade and the Eighth Corps, the brigade made a flank movement to the left and rear of the enemy. At 6 p. m. a charge was made, which threw the rebels into disorder. They fled precipitately, abandoning everything in their hasty retreat Active pursuit wascommenced, whichlasted all night teether 28 to 25.Continued the pursuit of the enemy, withocc6 sional skirmishing, to Harrisonburg, where the troops encamped. September 29.Broke camp and marched with the corps to the village of Mont Crawford, seven miles up the Valley pike, and encamped. September 80.At 12 m. marched back to Harrisonburg and resumed our former position. October 1 to 5.Were encamped near the town of Harrisonburg. October 6.Broke camp and took up line of march down the Valley; passed through New Market and encampe4 for the night at Budes Hill, near Mont Jackson. October 7.Started at an early hour and marched to Woodstock and encamped near the ton. October 8.Continued the march to Strasborg and encamped near the Shenandoah River. October 10.Broke camp and marched with the corps to Front Royal and went into camp one mile north of town. October ItReceived orders to proceed to Alexandria withthe corps. Having arrived at the Shenandoah River, near Ashbys Gap the orders were countermanded and the command went into camp at )dolwood. October 14.At 1 a. a orders to march were received. At 3 a. m. the brigade moved with the corpsto Cedar Creek, where we took tion on the right of the Nineteenth Corps, the First Brigade being formed on our left. October 19.Enemy made a desperate assault on .the extreme left of our line under cover of the darkness and a dense fo. For a tune the fos was held in check, but soon they had completely routed the Eighth and NineteenthCorps and the Sixth Corpsfell back. Finallythe brigade retired, in connection with the corps, to a strong position near Middleton, where the enemy were held at bay until 4 p. en a charge was made along our entire line ad the rebels were driven in confusion fromthe field. They left all their artillery andmanyprisoners In our hands. The brigade returned to its form6r position Page 75 CHAP. LV.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 75 October 20 to 31.Nothing of importance happened. Still remain in camp. November 1 to 8.Were encamped near Middletown, Va. November 9.Marched with the corps to vicinity of Keriistown, Va.; took position a short distance west of th~ village. ~Yovember 10 to 30.MiYch time was spent in drilling recruits and in erecting fortifications. No event of importance transpired during the mcrnth. Third Brigade, Third Division. December 1 and 2.The brigade was encamped near Kernstown, Va. December 3.Broke camp at S a. m. and marched with the division to Stephensons Depot, where the troops were shipped on cars. December 4.Arrived in Washington and embarked on transports. December 5 and G.The command reached City Point and were con- veyed to the front by cars. DETACHMENT NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS.* September 1.-The corps was in camp near Charlestown W. Va. where it remained until the 3d. September 3.-=---Moved to a position near Berryville, Va., where it remained, performing the ordinary camp duties, until the 19th. September 19.At 2 a. m. the corps marched, via Berryville and Win- chester pike, across the Opequon and went into position on the right of the Sixth Corps. (For report of the operations of the Nineteenth Corps in the engagement of Winchester attention is invited to my report of October 3, forwarded to the adjutant-general of the Middle Military 2G.Marched to a position across Cedar Creek, near Stras- burg. September 21.Moved the corps to the right of its position of the 20th. September 22.Moved to the right and front of the position of the 21st. (For report of the operations of the corps in the engagement of - this date at Fishers Hill, Va., attention is invited to report of October 3, forwarded to the adjutant-general of the Middle Military Division.t) Pursued the enemy, the Nineteenth Corps in advance, to Woodstock, where the corps arrived about 4 a. m. of the 23d. September 23.At 12 m. marched to a position beyond Edenburg. September 24.Marched to a position near New Market. September 25.Marched to Harrisonbnrg, Nineteenth Corps in ad- vance, skirumishing briskly with the enemy. Remained at Harrisonburg until the 29th. September 29.At 5 a. m. marched to Mount Crawford. September 30.Returned to Harrisonburg. First Brigade, First Division. The brigade was in camp near Charlestown, W. Va., at the time of making last return [August 31], behind ride-pits. September 3.Marched to near Berryville, and out on the Summit Point pike; nine miles. September 4.Built works. Commanded by Bvt. Maj. Gen. William H. Emory. See p. 279 Page 76 76 OPERAT~NS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ECHAP. LV. September 19.Marched at 3 a. m. in rear of the Sixth Corps and of Grovers division, of this corps. Engaged the enemy at 12 m. on the extreme right of our army. Checked the rebel advance, which had thrown the Second Division, Nineteenth Corps, into rout. Held this position against a front and flank fire until 3 p. in., when General Crooks troops relieved useleven miles. September 20.Marched to Cedar Creek and crossed; seventeen miles. September 21.Changed position to right and front; three miles. September 22.At 4 a. ni. moved farther to right and front. At 1 p. m. the One hundred and sixteenth New York, four companies of the Thirtieth Massachusetts, and the whole brigade skirmish line charged on the enemys skirmishers rifle-pits, with details from other divisions, and took them. At~ p. m. made final charge on Fishers lull (except- ing One hundred and fourteenth i~ew York, on duty in Strasburg). The enemy did not wait for us to get within musket-range, as Crooks command had flanked them; followed the retreating rebels all night with great vigor. September 23.Arrived at Woodstock at 3 a. in.; twelve miles; trains came up; drew rations and marched at 1 p. in. to Edenbnrg; five miles. September 24.Marched to Mount Jackson~ skirmished from thence six miles beyond New Market, driving the enemy; twenty miles. September 25.Marched to Harrisonburg and encamped; thirteen miles. September 27.The Ninetieth New York Regiment reported after vet- eran farlough. September 29.The Sixth and Nineteenth Corps marched to Mount Crawford; eight miles. September 30.Returned from reconnaissance to llarrisonbnrg; eight miles. The regiments have been without their books, & c., since the 18th instant. [Octob~er.]The army was at llarrisonburg, Va., at last of September. October G.Fell back to north of New Market; twenty-two miles. October 7.Marched through Mount Jacksoii and Woodstock; sev- enteen miles. October 8.Marched back to Fishers Hill and over Tumbling Run; nine miles. October 10.Marched across Cedar Creek and into camp; four miles. October 13.The Eighth Corps attacked; brigade under arms all the afternoon. October 15.Reconnaissance of division toward Strasburg; returned without engagement or loss. October 19.Battle of Cedar Creek. This brigade was engaged about one hour. After the first surl)rise of the left of the army it fell back in good order to near Newtown, firimig and checking the enemy. General Sheridan arrived about noon nd halted the army. Moved forward and charged the rebels at 4 p. in. with success three timnes, this brigade being third in line fromn the right of the armny. Marched after the battle to the right of Strasburg, Colonel Davis commanding brigade. Colonel Love personally captured tIme flag of the Second (South Caro-. lina Regiment, and was sent with it to Washington by General Sheri- dan. October 21.Returned to old camp at Cedar Creek. November 2.Encamnped at Cedar Creek, Va. N6vember 9.Moved from Cedar Creek to near Newtown, Va Page 77 Oar. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 77 November 12.Made a reconnaissance near Newtown, Ta.2 and drove the enemy who showed but a smafl force, from their position, with a loss to the 6rigade of only two enlisted men, who were slightly wounded. Korember 14.Commenced strengthening ad making permanent our temporary fortifications, previously thrown up. [December.]At making out of last return were at Cap Russell, near Newton, Ta. Remained in that cam p until the 30th, when the corps was moved to Cap Sheridan, near Winchester. Second Brigade, First Division. August 4.The brigade 1St Monocacy Junction, since which time it has been actively employed with the Nineteenth Army Corps in the campaign of Generalh3heridan.in the Shenandoah Vailey. No engage. ment has taken place in which the brigade has taken part The head- quarters of the brigade has been in the field during that time. [Sqtember.JThe brigade has been actively engaged in the expedi- don of Maijor-General Sheridan, commanding the Middle Military I~i- vision, in the Shenandoah Yafley. September 19.It took an active part in the action near Winchester. It was also engaged in the action at Fishers Hill, or North Mountain, and was one of the foremost in the pursuit of the enemy to Mount Crawford, Ta., from whence it returned to Harrisonburg on the 30th instant. October 6.The brigade, with its corps, left Harrisonburg, Va., and fell back slowly to Cedar Creek, Ta. October 11.Arrived at Cedar Creek and went into camp. October 19.The enemy attacked the position, when a severe battle ensued. The brigade was ordered into action at daybreak and suc- ceeded in checking the advance of the enemy for a short time, when, by reason of being flanked on right and left, it was obliged to fall back with the balance of the army about four miles, when an advance was made, driving the enemy. The old camp was regained about sunset, when the brigade was ordered to continue the pursuit October *0.Advanced and occupied Strasburg that night October *1.Returned to Cedar C~k and encamped. [Korember.JBrigade remained in camp at Cedar Orcek until the morning of the 9th, when2 with the army, it fell back about eight miles. It was placed in position m the front, and has since been busily engaged m strongly fortifying the position. [December.JBrigade remained at Camp Russell until the evening of December 20, when it moved, marching through the night; destination Summit Point, about twenty miles from Camp RusselL It is now guarding about ten miles of the military railroad in this valley, from the Opequon Creek to Charleston. Third Brigade, First Division. August 4.Marched across the Monocacy River at 24. m. and biv- outyiked. August 5.Moved at 8 a. m. to Harpers Perry by railroad August 6.Moved at 5a.m.; crossed the Potomac; marched to Hall- town, Ta.; distance, five miles. August 10.Marched at daylight through Charleston to Berryville. August 11.Marched at 5 a. m. to Middleton, Ta Page 78 [CHAP. LV. 78 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Aug itst 14.Returned to Winchester as escort to supply train. Au gust 17.Moved at 3 a. m. to Summit Point as escort to supply train. Moved at 9 p. m. to Il3erryville with supply train. August 18.Marched at daylight in the direction of Harpers Ferry with supply train; halted at Flowing Spring. August 21.Moved at 10 a. in. to I3olivar Heights with supply train; ordered to report to Brigadier-General Stevenson, commanding post. August 23.Marched to the front; took position at extreme left of line; commenced erecting breast-works. August 28.Moved to Bolivar Heights; reported to Brigadier-Gen- eral Stevenson. September 20.Marched at 11 p. m. from Bolivar heights as escort to army supply train (900 wagons). September 21.Arrived at Winchester at 2 p. m. September 22.Left Winchester at 1 p. m. in charge of 125 officers and 1,380 men, prisoners of war. September 23.Arrived at Bolivar Heights at. 3 p. in. October 5.Left Bolivar Heights, Va., at 11 a. in.; marched to Bunker Hill; encamped at 6.30 p. m. October 6.Marched at 7 a. m. in charge of supply train from Mar- tinsburg; reached Winchester at 3 p. in. October 7.Left Winchester at 6 a. in.; marched to Cedar Creek and reported to General Sheridan. October 9.Marched with train to Winchester. October 10.Marched with train to Martinsburg. October 12.Escorted train to Winchester. October 13.The One hundred and thirty-third New York and Thir- tieth Maine Volunteers escorted train to Ashbys Gap. October 14.The One hundred and thirty-third New York and Thir- tieth Maine returned to Winchester. The One hundred arid sixty-fifth New York escorted train to Martinsburg. October 19.The One hundred and sixty-fifth New York Volunteers returned to Winchester. October 20.The One hundred and sixty-second New York Volun- teers escorted train to Martinsburg. The One hundred and thirty- third and One hundred and seventy-third New York and Thirtieth Maine escorted train to Cedar Creek, Va. October 21.The One hundred and seventy-third and One hundred and thirty-third New York and Thirtieth Maine returned to Winchester; the brigade marched with train and prisoners. October 22.Arrived at lXlartiusbnrg at 1 p. in. October 25.Left Martinsburg with train for Winchester. October 26.Left Winchester with train for Cedar Creek. Col. N. A. M. Dudley assumed command of brigade. October 27.Relieved from duty with wagon train and regularly encamped. The One hundred and sixty-second New York absent. November 9.Broke camp at daylight and marched in the direction of Winchester, six miles; halted near Newtown. November 21.Marched at 12.15 p. m. through Middletown as support to cavalry. Nocember 22.Returned at 12 in. to camp. December 30.Broke camp at Camp Russell and marched to Ste- phensons Depot Page 79 Quay. LV.] TEE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 79 Second 1fl.~i... August 1.Troops of this division at James River were relieved; ordered to Washington and. encamped near Fort Beno. August 14.Left camp; marched to Berryville, Va, via Leesburg and Snickers Gap, where it joined the detachment of the Nineteenth Corps, under Brevet Ma~jor-General Emory. August 18.Commenced movement toward HarpersFerry. August *9.Took up position at Halitown. August *4.This portion of the conunand had slight skirmish with the enemy in fron1~ in which the loss in this division was 1 killed, 18 wounded, and 1 missing. Troops composing the Fourth Brigade were assigned to this division by Special Orders,iNo. , from headquarters Detachment Nineteenth Corps. September 14.Broke camp near Charleston and marched toward Berryville. About 6 j~. m. formed line of battle in support of General Crooks command, which had engaged the enemy. After the enemy retired, troops went into camp and remained until 2 a. m. of the 19th. & ptember 19.The Nineteenth Corps marched by the Berryville pike across the Opequon Creek; formed line of battle on right of the Sixth Corps, and soon became heavily engaged with the enemy, losing heav- ily iii killed and wounded. The enemy having been driven after the arrival otGeneral Crooks command, thw division encamped a short dis.. tance beyond Winchester about 8p. a September *0.Commenced march at 5 a. a and encamped at Stras- burg. September *1.Maneuvering in connection with the whole command for position. September *2.Attacked the enemy in position at Fishers Hill, one mile beyond Strasburg. This division,being on the left of the line, captured four pieces of artillery and a number of prisoners. Followed the enemy as far as Woodstock, engagingtheirrear guard twice during the night September *8.At 4.30 a. a halted at Woodstock. At 12 a took up line of march and encamped at Edenburg. Since then no engagements have taken place. (For detailed accounts of the operations of this division from 22d to 25th see official reports.) [October.]The return for September left the division near Harrison- burg, Va. October 6.Division, with corps, moved at daylight, marching that day within two miles of Mount Jackson; bivouacked for the night. October 7.Moved again at 6 a. in., marching through Woodstock, when we stopped for the night October & Moved again at 6 a. in., marchinq to Fishers Hill, where we formed line ofbattleto right ofroad,remaining in this position until 3p. a, when the division moved back across the North Fork of the Shenandoah and went into camp. October 1O.Xoved back to the north of Cedar Creek. October 16.Troops of this division at work on abatis and rifle-pits in front of line. Remained in position to the north of Cedar Creekuntil the 19th instant. October 19.Participated in the battle on that day; occupied its old position that night. October *O.Mbved up to within one mile of Strasburg, remaining over nigh Page 80 80 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., Api) PA. [CHAP. LV. October 21.Rcturncd to the old camping-ground on the north of the creek, where it still remains [31st]. [Norember.]The October return left the (livision in camp near Cedar Creek, Va. No movement of interest occurred mitil the 9th, when the command broke camp and marched to a l)oiut one mile north of where the Opequon Creek crosses the Winchester l)ike, where the present camp was established, called Camp Russell. December 31.The division moved to-day from Camp Russell, Va., to Camp Sheridan, Va. First Brigade, Second Dirision. [August.]The return for July left the brigade on board transports for Washington, D. C. A ugust 1.Brigade arrived at Washington. August 2.Ordered to Tennallytown, D. C.; went into camp with Second Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, at that place. August 14.Moved with division by way of Chain Bridge. August 17.Arrived at Berryville. The march from Tennallytown to Berryville was without any unusual occurrence. August 19.Fell back with Sheridans army to within two miles of Charlestown, W. Va. August 21.Heavy skirmishing on the right by the Sixth Corps; the Nineteenth Corps not engaged; same day fell back to Halltown llemghts. August 28.Advanced with army two miles beyond Charlestown, W. Va., where the brigade encamped and still remains [31st]. September 1.The brigade encamped near Charlestown, W. Va., in intrenched position. September 3.Moved at 5 a. in., going into position, while the ~Eighth Corps engaged the enemny near Berryville; intrenched during the night. September 5.Brigade, with the Fourth Brigade, made a reconnais- sance to the right ia front; no eng-agement, however, with the enemy. Septem ber 19.Brigade with the corps mnove(l through Berryville toward Winchester, and was engaged in the battle of Winchester. ~September 20.Advanced to Strasburg. September 22.Took up intrenched position to right of Strasbnrg, in front of Fishers Hill; in afternoon advanced with corps; marched all itight. September 23.Arrived at Woodstock in the morning. Marched at 12 m. to one mile beyond Edenbnmg. September 24.Resumed march at 6 a. in.; overtook the enemy at Mount Jackson; advanced to within one mile and a half of New Market; encamped for the night. September 25.Resumed march at 6 a. in.; went into camp at 3 p. m. near Harrisonburg. September 29.Moved up to Mount Crawford; returned the 30th, going into camp imi former position near Harrisonburg. October.]The return of September left the brigade near Harrison- burg, Va. October 6.Brigade, with corps, moved at daybreak to within two miles of Mount Jackson; bivouacked for the night. October 7.At 6 a. in. moved again, muarching through Woodstock; stopped there through the night. October 8.Moved again at 6 a. in.; marched to Fishers lull; formed line of battle to the left of the roa(l. Remnaimied in this i)OsitiOn until 3 p. in., when the brigade moved back across the North Fork of the Shenandoah and went into camp Page 81 Oar. Lv.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 81 october 10.Moved back to the north of Cedar Creek. October 16.Bd~do turned out at 11 a. m. to work on abatis and rifle-pits in frontof line. Rextained in position to the north of Cedar Creek ntil the 19th. October 19.Participated in the fight on that day; occupied its old that nij3ht. e moved up to within one mile of Strasburg, remaining over nigt October *1.Moved into the fort net Strasbtrg and occupied the town. Remained thereuntil afternoon, when it moved back to its old position, to the north of Cedar Creek, and went into camp, where it still remains I3lstl. November 9.The command broke camp at Cedar Creek, Va., and moved back to Camp Russell, Ta., where it has since remained. December 80.The brigade, with the corps, moved back from Camp Russell to present position, near Stephensons Depot. 1#onrtl. Brigade, Second Division. September 5.Made reconnaissance in direction of Winchester; slight skirmish with enemy. Sep& mber 19.Engagement at Winchester, this brigade on extreme right of line of battle; loss heavy. September *0.Pursued enemy to Strasburg. September *2.Charged rebel works, capturing nix-gun battery and pursued retreating enemy. September *5 to *5.Marched to Harrisonburg, skirmishing with enemy. September *9.Marched to Mount Crawford. September 80.Returned to Harrisonburg. DEPAETflNT OP WEST flEGiIIIAP JAnguet.JDuring the early part of this month the Army of West Virginia, m the field, marched mto Maryland in pursuit of the rebels, but soon returned, and then as part of the command of Maijor-General Sheridan, advanced up the ~henandoah Valley as far as Cedar Creek. The command falling back soon from that position to Hailtown Va., the Army of West Virginia returned with it and remained at the latter place during the rest of the month. In the meantime a rebel cavalry ibrce under the command of MoCausland, having previousl burned Chambersburg, Pa., advanced on Md., by the Balhmore pike, and attacked Brigadier-General Kelle , w o handsomely repulsed it. Moving off under cover of night, it crossed the Potomac about six- teen miles below Cumberland, and, marching round via Springfield, Vs, attacked the post of New Creek, and there also met with defeat, and retreated. Brigadier-General Averell, commanding Second Cavalry Division, was apprised by Brigadier-General Kelley of the where- abouts of MeCausland, and marched in pursuit and overtook him near Moorefield, Va. He attacked the rebels andaptured all their cannon, with some 400 prisoners. Nothing else of interest transpired during the month. Major-General Hunter was relieved from the command of the department and Brigadier-GenerarCrook assigned tothe command tem- porarily. Commaded by M.J. Get George Crook. 6 a UVOL xLHI~ PT Page 82 8~2 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. September.Until September 19 the Army of West Virginia, General Crook commanding iu person, with the Nineteenth and Sixth Army Corps, the whole under General Sheridan, remained in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, bnt on that day the entire command moved forward, attacked the rebel army under General Early near the crossing of the Winchester pike with the Opequou River, and defeated it badly. Moving np the Sheiiaudoah Valley, the rebels were again met at Fishers Hill, where they were disastrously routed. Great nnmnbers of prisoners and many pieces of cannon were captnrcd with but slight loss to ourselves. in the western portion of the department nothing of particular moment occurred. [Octobcr.]During this month the Army of West Virginia, forming part of Major-General Sheridans command, fell back from Harrison- burg, to which point the whole command had advanced after the battle of Fishers Hill, omi September 22, to Cedar Creek. From this place a reconnaissance was made by the First Division, Army of West Vir- ginia, ou the 12th; our loss, about 300 men killed, wounded, and cap- tured. October 19. Before daylight the enemy attacked our forces at Cedar Creek, driving them from their position. Until the middle of the day the game was completely in the enemys hamids, but our troops having been rallied and placed in position, and Major-General Sheridan appear- Pig on the field about time same timne, tbe tide was turned and the rebels were as completely defeated as they had been before victorions. Many guns and prisoners fell into our hands and the rebel power in the Valley was completely broken up. In the western portion of the department nothing occurred worthy of special mention, except an attack by about 300 rebels, under Major Hall, omi an outpost at Bevemly, garrisoned by a detachment of the Eighth Ohio Cavalry, under Lieutenant-Colonel Yonart, of that regimuent. After severe lighting of some hours duration the rebels were compelled to abandon the attack, with a loss of their commander, muortally wounded, and 93 captured. ~Xorember.]During this nuomuth nothing worthy of special memmtion occurred except the surprise and capture on the 28th instant by 1,500 or ~ 000 rebels under Generals Rosser and Payne, of the post of New Creek, commnanded by Col. George H. Latham, Fifth West Virginia Cavalry. The rebels succeeded in taking prisoners about 400 of the garrison. They burned al.l the Government buildings at the post. A detachment went west as far as Piedmont, for the purpose of destroy- ing the machine-shops of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company at that place, but were unable to accomplish their purpose, because of the gallant resistance made by Capt. John Fisher, Company A, Sixth West Viroinia Jmmfantry, and a detachment of thirty-five men under his com- mnalid. The whole rebel force retreated the same day up the New Creek Valley. [December.jDuring the month the First Imifantry Division, Col. T. M. Harris commanding, was withdrawn from the department by order of the War Department and ordered to the Army of the James. The Second Division was also withdrawn from the Valley preparatory to goimmg into winter quarters; the headquarters established at Cumber- lamud, Md. Major-General Crook, comnmuanding tIme department, in accordance with orders from General Sheridan, commanding Middle Military Division, established his headquarters at Cumberland, Md. No movements of importance Page 83 Oar. LY.]. THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 88 First Brigade, First Infantry Division. August 26.Engaged in reconnaissance at Hailtown, W. Vs. September 8.Engaged in action at Berryville, Vs., under General Crook. September 19.Engaged in action at Winchester, Vs. September 22.Engaged in action at Fishers Hill, Va. October iLEngaged in action at .Cedar Creek. CoL George B. Wells, commanding brigade, killed. October 19.Engaged in action at Cedar Creek. November 9.Fell back to Kernstown from Cedar Creek. November 18.Stationed at Opequon Crossing, P. and V. B. PP Second Brigade, First Infantry Dit*iulos. August & Marched toMonocacy Junction, Md.; twenty miles. August 6.Marched to Harpers Ferry, Vt; twenty-three miles. August 8.Marched to Shenandoah River; four miles. August 10.Marched to Berryville, Vt; twenty-three miles. August 11.Marched to near Middietown, Vt; eighteen miles. August 12.Marched to Cedar Creek, Vt; seven miles. August 16 and 17.Marched to Berryville, Vt twenty-six miles. August 1& Marched toward Harpers Ferry, Vt; six miles. August 22.Marched to Halltown, Vt; fourteen miles. August 28.Marched to near Charleston, Vt; Ave miles. Total 140 miles. September LMoved from near Charleston, W. Vt, to Bernyville, Vt, and had a skirmish; eleven miles September & Xoved to Summit Point, W. Vt; eight miles. September 19.Moved to ~non Creek, Va.; eight miles. September 22.Moved to Woedstock, Vt; thirty-Ave miles. September 24.Moved to New Market, Va.; eighteen miles. September 26.Moved to Harrisonburg, Vs.; eighteen affies. Total ninety-eight miles. September 25 to October 6.Encamped at Hanuisonburg, Vs. On lat- ter date marched to Shenandoah bridge~ twenty-six miles. October 7.Marched to Woodstock, Vs.; fifteen miles. October & Marched to Strasbung, Va. eleven miles. October 11.Marched to Winchester, Vs.; eighteen miles. October 12.Marched to Martinsburg, Vs.; twenty-two miles. October 16.Marched to Winchester, Va.; twenty-two miles. October 20.Marched to Cedar Creek, Vs.; fifteen miles. October 21.Marched to Newtown, Vs.; seven miles. Total, 136 miles. November 11.Left Newton and marched to Kernstown, Vt; fif- teen miles. November 24.Marched to Stephensons Depot, Vs.; nine miles. Second Brigade, First Cavalry Division. [September].Not actively engaged during the month. Stationed here [Cumberland, Md.j to remount after the recent arduous paigns through the V e. For the itinerary of this command for December, see VoL XLII, Pars!, p. 118 Page 84 (CHAP. LV. 84 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. SeCond Cavalry Division. August 1.Division marched after General MeCausland and attacked him at Moorefield, W. Va., August 7, defeating him, with loss to the enemy of 150 killed and wounded, 500 prisoners, 678 horses, 4 guns and caissons, with all his wagons. Returned, via New Creek, Hancock, and Cherry Run, to Martinsbnrg. August 18.Marched to Shepherdstown, Va. August 20.Marched to Fairplay, Md. August 26.Marched to Hagerstown, Md. August 29.Marched to Martinsburg, W. Va. August 31.Attacked iii Martinsburg, W. Va., by Rodes division ot infantry and forced to retire to Falling Waters, W. Va~ October 1.At Mount Crawford; thence to Harrison burg and Luray Court-House (4th), collecting cattle. October 9.Moved to~ Front Royal; made a reconnaissance to Mil- ford and attacked Imboden at that l)lace with no decided result. October 19.First Brigade was posted on Catletts Ford road, Second Brigade on Front Royal pike; retired with small loss and took part in the attack of the evening. October 20.Returned to Front Royal and encamped. Nocember 1.The division was encamped at Guard Hill, Va., making recounaissances to Milford and up the Luray Valley; made a recon- naisance through Chester Gap to Rectortown and Middleburg, return- ing through Upperville and Ashbys Gap; captured and brought in 300 head of cattle and 200 sheep. November 11.Headquarters at Camp Russell, Va. November 12.Attacked Loniaxs division of cavalry near Nineveh, Va., and routed it, capturing 19 officers, 189 enlisted nien, 2 guns, 2 caissons, 2 battle-flags, 4 wagoPs, 1 ambulance, 145 horses, and a large number of small-arms; drove the enemy across Shenandoah River; lost Captain Prendergast, provost-marshal, and 1 private, Twenty-first ~ew York Cavalry, killed, and 7 wounded. November 13.Returned to camp. November 21.Made reconnaissance with Third Division to Rudes Hill. November 22.Attacked enemys cavalry and infantry at that place, but were forced to retire, with loss. November 23.Returned to camp. AToveniber 21.Camp attacked by Mosby, who was repulsed, with loss. [December.]Division stationed at Camp Russell, Va. December 19.Moved with Fim-st Division, via Chester Gap, Sperry- ville, and Madison Court-House, to Liberty Mills, near Gordonsville; attacked the enemy at that place~ drove him across Robertsons River, and crossing at a ford above Liberty Mills attacked again in flank, forcing the enemy to retire by night, leaving his artillery on the field; retired the next day via Madison Conit-House, Warrenton, and Ashbys Gap, repulsing attacks of guerrillas and capturing all sheep, cattle, & c., found; found the road at Ashbys Gap filled with torpedoes, which were taken up. December 31.Went into camp near Winchester, Va Page 85 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 85 Second Briq(( de, & COH(i Cavalry Di~i~ion. August 1.The ~omn7Ia]Id was iii pursuit of McCanslands command from (iiambersbnrg, Pa., toward hancock, Ad.; continued pursuit to 1-lajicock, where the rebels were overtaken and a sharp skirmish ensued on the evening of the 2d. The rebels fell back and were again pur- sue(1 on the mornino of the followino day. August 7.The enemys camp was attacked at Moorefield,W.Ya.,aiid the enemy routed in utter confusion, leaving in possession of this brigade four pieces of artillery, battle-flags, and 480 prisoners. The command inarclle(1 to New Creek, took the ears aiid moved to Hancock Md., where it remained until the 15th, when it marched to Martins intro ~, W. Ma. A ugust 19.The comm and marched to Shepherdstowii and reii iai LIe(l until the 21st, wheii it crossed the Potomac River at Sliepherdstown and nioved to Fairplay, Ad., where it remained until the 27th, whieii the command crossed the Potomac River at Williamsport and marched to Martinsburg. The comrnaiid remained here until the 31st, when, after a sharp skirmish with the advance column of l3reckinridges corps of the rebel army, it fell back to near Falling Waters and encamped for the night. ASeljtentber 1.Encamped near Williamsport, Ad. September 3.Broke camp at daybreak and moved toward Winches- ter, V a., when the advance of Lomnaxs divisiou of rebel cavalry was met and a sharp fight ensued, resulting in the capture of 47 prisoners, 17 wagons, about 100 horses and mules, and the burning of 4 wagons loaded with ammunition. The coinman(l then fell back to 1)arkesville. September 4.Advanced to within about eight miles of Winchester. returned to Barkesville and encamped for the night. September 5.Advanced to near Stephensons Depot, and after a sharp fight with Rodes division of rebel infantry fill back to Darkes- vihle. The command remained here until the 9th, when the command nmarcimed to Leetown; remained there until the 12th, when the command returned to Darkesville; at~er some sharp skirmishing for two days returned to Leetown, where the comumnand remained until the morning of the 19th, when it was on the right of the line in the battle of Ope- quon, having hard fighting most of time day. September 22.Was in the battle of Fishers Hill, on the right of the line; pressed time enemy heavily nmmtil night-fall. September 21.Was in the battle of Timberville. September 26.In battle near Browns Gap. September 27.In battle at Weyers Cave. October 1.At Harrisonburg; moved in the direction of Luray, where we arrived on the evening of the 2d; remnaine(l here until the 7th. While at Luray a detachment of 300 men, under Aaj. H. Farabee, First West Virginia Cavalry, crossed the Blue Ridge Mountains at Thorntons Gap, amid mnarched to where the Orange and Alexandria Railroad crossed the Rapidan River aimd burned the bridge, then returned safely to Lurav. October 7.The command moved to Ailford; thence to Guard Hill, on the north side of the Shenandoah River, near Front Royal, where it remained until the 19th, when it fell back a few mniles during the day, and returned to its position again omi the 21st at Guard Hill. [Xocember.]The brigade was encamped at Guard Hill a miles north of Front Royal, ~Ta. bout two November 7.Broke camp Page 86 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD.~ AND PA. [ChAP. LV. November 10.Returned to Newtown~ November 11.Marched to Front Royal on Winchester pike and estab- lished a camp at Perkins Mill, since called Camp Russell. Nocember 12.Move(l out with the effective l)ortion of the command to Nineveh, on the Front Royal pike. The enemy were here met, under the command of the rebel General MeCausland. After a little sharp fighting the enemy tied iii confusion, this brigade capturing 2 l)attle-fiags and 2 pieces of artillery, 187 men, besides quite a number of small-arms, & c. After ~)ursuing the enemy eight miles the com- mand returned to Camp Russell. The remainder of the month was chiefly spent in putting up coin- fortable quarters for fhe men, stables for the horses, and equipping the command. Little time has been allowed for drill or anything of the kind. Scouting and picket duty has been exceedingly heavy. [Deeember.]The brigade was encamped at Camp Russell, on Front Royal road, about six miles from Winchester, Va. Scouting duties were not very heavy (luring the month; picket duty exceedingly heavy. The command broke camp on December 19. December 22.Battle of Liberty Mills fought. Returned from expe- dition and encamped at Camp Russell. December 30.Broke camp amid marched to Camp Averell, Va., the place of present encampment. kesei ye Division. A~yast 1.At 4 p. ma. the enemy, under comnmnan(l of Generals Mc- Canslamid amid Bra(lley T. Johnson, attacked the connnand at Cumber- land, nuder General Kelley. A tight ensued two miles east of town, on the Baltimore l)ike, lasting umitil S p. in. At 11 p. ma. the enemy re- treated toward Old Town, leaving his (lead and wouii(lCd in our hands, and abandoning two caissons, several carriages, and a large quantity ot ammunition. Our loss was 1 mortally an(l 1 slightly wounded; enemys loss, 8 killed and 30 wounded. August 2.McCanslammd and Johnson attacked Colonel Stongh, One hundred and fitty-third Ohio National Guard, at Green Spring Run. After a severe flglit,in which the engimie attached to the iron-dads was disabled by a shot throngh the boiler, Colommel Stough was com- pelled to surrender the block-house with 3 officers amid 77 men. In this fight we lost 2 killed amid 3 wounded, with 10 mnissing; time emmemny lost 20 to 23 killed and 40 to 50 wounded. The fight lasted six hours and a half. Our men who were taken prisommers were paroled. The enemy moved off toward Springfield, in llanmpshire Comimmty, W. Va. August 3.Scouts report the enemy in camp at Springfield, reported to be awaiting re-enforcements. for a renewe(l attack on Cumnberland. August 4.MeCansland and Johnson attacked the forces at New Creek, XV. Va., under comniamid of Colonel Stevensomi, One hundred and fifty-fourth Ohio National Guard, and after a severe fight, lasting several hours, were driven oft; leavimig part of their wounded and dead iii our hands. Our loss was 1 commissioned officer and 7 emmlisted men killed and 29 enlisted men woumided and missing. August 6.Gemmeral Averells division of cavalry assigned to Gemmeral Kelleys commnand. General Averell was directed to mnove from Bath, Morgan County, to Sprimmgfleld, Hampshire County, in l)ursuit of the enemy retreatimi g from New Creek. August 7.General Averell overtook the enemy at Oldfields, Hardy County; attacked and whipped him, capturing 27 commnnissioned officer Page 87 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 87 and 393 enlisted men, 4 cannon, large quantity of small-arms, 4G0 horses and equipinents; enemys loss in killed supposed to be heavy; our loss, 7 killed and 21 wounded. A ugust 8.General Averells comnman(l arrived at New Creek with the capture(l l)roperty from Oldfields. He is ordered with his coin- mand to Hancock, Md., from whence he will report to Major-General Sheridan. August 24.The picket-post at iltittonsyille, M~. Va., seventy strong, Eighth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, was surprised and captured; the men were paroled and the horses and arms were carried oft by the enemy. October 29.About 5 a. in. the outpost of this command at Beverly, W. Va., Lieut. Col. li. Youart, Eighth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, corn- inan(ling, w-as attacked by 350 Confederates from Jacksons an(l Jinbo- dens commands, under Major Hall. After two hours hard lighting the enemy were completely routed, and took to time mountains very much demoralized, with a loss of Lieutenants Gamble and Kearsley killed; 25 wounded in our hands (iimcludimig Major Hall, mortally wounded; Lieu- tenant Lorentz, slightly, and Lieutenant Reger, severely); 93 prison- ers (inclnding Lieutenant Lurty, besides 2 surgeons, who are taking care of their wounded). Ninety stand of arms of various I)atteriis were taken. Our loss was 1 lieutenant (Joshua Peck) and 8 mcii killed, 15 men missing, and 1 man mortally, 15 severely, and 7 slightly wounded. Lieutenant-Colonel Youart had 200 men in the action. Time Union carbine, a worthless weapon, with which many of his men weme armed, endangered the colonels success; as it was, they did th~ plincipal part of their fighting with their fists and butt ends of their guns. Forces at New Creek, TV. Va. October. ]Nothing of importance has occurred during the past month, save the usual scouting doue by the cavalry at this post. Noreniber 27.Near Moorefield, W. Va., Lient. Col. 11. E. Fleming, with 100 mounted men from the Fifth and Sixth West Virginia Cav- alry, and one piece of artillery fromn l3attery L, First Illinois Light Artillery, had a severe engagement with the enemy, but was overpow- ered by superior numbers, and withdrew to New Creek, W. Va. Norember 28.Near Moorefield, XV. Ma., M~j. P. J. Potts, with 160 mounted mnen from the Sixth West Virginia Cavalry, had a skim-mish with the emmemy, capturing one rebel lieutenant and twelve men. Time enemy, under General Itosser, captured the garrison at this place, destroying quartermasters amid commissary stores, & c. First Brigade, U. S. Forces at ]Jiiartirtsbarg. [October.]The brigade has beemm in camp near the town of Martimis- burg, W. Va., doimmg i)~cket duty and ~uardiimg Government stores in town. Railroad Forces West of Hancock. Nothing of importance transpired durimig the mouth of December in this command. The usual scouting parties were sent out, & c. Railroad Forces West of Piedmont. September 26.A rebel force of about 900 stromig, ummder Colonel Witcher, emitered Weston, Lewis Con nty, robbed the banks, stores, and dwellings of the citizemis, and committed many outrages. They pro- ceeded from Weston to Buckhannon, which place they attacked wit Page 88 S 88 OPERATIONS IN N..VA,, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ow. LV. their advance guard on the morning of the 27th, but were gallantly repulsed by Capt H. H. Magma company (A), First West Virginia Cavalry who drove them out of town; but the main body coining up, hewas/orced to retire, which he did in good order. No loss on our side; severaloftheenemywou~uded. The rebels took possession of the town, but owing to timely information the preceding evenin; the dam- age and loss were slight, the merchants and inhabitants having during the night moved their most valuable property. On the afternoon of the 27th a volunteer scout of about fifty citizens was started from Clarksburg toward Buickhaunon to feel the country and gather infor- mation of the enemys movements. This force made their way to Buckhannon, arriving there without hearing of the enemy before day~ light on the morning of the 28th. They found the town deserted, but had not been there over an hour before it was surrounded by the whole rebel force and the scouting party were mostly captured. They were released after being robbed of their money clothes, watches, & b. The enemy left Buckhannon again at noon on & e 28th, and, as afterward ascertained, left the country, via French Creek and Jacksonville,. through Braxton and Webster Counties. November 11.A detachment of twenty men, Company A, Sixth West Virtuis InfantrY*under Lieut B. F. Coogle, moved from Pied- mont to annington, . Va., a distance of 118 miles west; sent to. clear the country of rebel horse.thieves and bushwhackers; captore4 several. November 28.The rebels under Generals Bosser, McCausland, and Payne surprised the forces at New Creek about 10 a. in., and it is sup- posed that all of Company L, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, Lieut.. William B. McDonald and 51 men, was captured. Capt. John Fisher, Company A, at Piedmont, hearing of the enemy being at New Creek, made preparations for the defense of Piedmont by ~fling in a detach- ment of his company from Bloomington, making a ~tota1 of thirty-five effective men. The enemy, 300 strong, commanded by Mjor McDonald, approached Piedmont at 2 p. m. on the New Creek road. Oaptain Fisher, after some skirmishing, finding the rebels far outnumbered his command, fell back across the river on a hill, from whence he had com- mand of the ton. The enemy twice attempted to cross the rivet, but were each time repulsed. After three hours? stubborn resistance on the part of Captain Fisher and his gallant band, the rebels retired on the ElkGarden road, having only succeeded in firing one of the railroad shops and leaving behind them 1 man killed, 1 mortally and 2 slightly wounded. They carried with them some 10 or 15 wounded. Captain Fisher lost none, and great praise is due him and his men for their gallant defense of the town. [December.JThis regiment (Sixth West Virginia Infantry) is guard- ing the Baltimore and Ohio and Northwestern Virginia tailroads from Piedmont, W. Vs., through Grafton to Wheeling and Parkersburg, W. Vs December & Detachment of Company B, Sixth West Virginia In- fantry, twenty men, under command of Lieutenant Freeman, marched from Clarksburg to Maunington to scout Marion and adjacent counties and rid them of rebel horse-thieves, deserters, and guerrillas. They are doing good service, having had several skirmishes, killing 2 and capturing 8 of the enemy, without loss on our part. December *8.Company G, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, moved from Parkersburg, W Vs to Piedmont, W. Vs., 177 miles east by railroad, by order of Byt. kM. Gen. B.F. Kelley. The remnant o Page 89 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 89 Company I was moved from Cumberland to Piedmont, twenty-seven miles by railroad west, and temporarily assigned to duty with Captain Fisher, Company A, by order of i8revet Major-General Kelley, Corn.. rnai~ding forces west of Hancock, iMd. Company M consolidated with Companies L and 0 by virtue of Special Orders, No. 72, headquarters Department of West Virginia, December21, 1864. Forces on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. No rem ber 25.Information was rec~eived that the commands of McNeil] and Woodson, rebel partisans, were operating in the vicinity of Moore- field. Nocember 2G.Two detachments were sent ont from New Creek for the purpose of driving away these parties. Lieutenant-Colonel Flem- ing, Sixth West Virginia Cavalry, with 120 men, cavalry and artillery, proceeded up the New Creek Valley, with instrnctions to approach Moorefield from the west, and Major Potts, with 155 men of the Fifth and Sixth West Virginia Cavalry, was directed to proceed via IRomney and approach Moorefield from the east, both to arrive before the place at daylight on the 28th. The State troops of Pendleton County, W. Va., numbering about 150 men, were ordered to occupy South Fork, to prevent the enemy from escaping via I3rocks Gap up South Fork Valley. Lieutenant-Colonel Fleming approached Moorefield on the evening of the 27th, but found the place occupied by a large force of the enemy under General iRosser; was driven back, losing 20 men and 1 piece of artillery. Major Potts, with his detachmen~t, arrived on the morning of the 28th and was compelled to retire; he captured I rebel lieutenant and 12 men. Noiember 28.About 10 a. m. the forces stationed at New Creek, consisting of the Fifth and Sixth West Virginia Cavalry; Battery II, First West Virginia Artillery, and a portion of Battery L, First Illinois Artillery, numbering about 800 effective men, nuder the command of Col. G. R. Latham, Fifth West Virginia Cavalry, were surprised by Generals iRossers and Paynes forces, numbering probably 2,000. The enemy captured about 460 men and 3 pieces of artillery; burned the Govermuent warehouses, which contained a considerable amount of qnartmasters and commissary stores. After they had occupied New Creek a detachment of the rebels, Major McDonald commanding, advanced to Piedmont, six miles west of New Creek, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. with the evident intention of destroying the impor- tant railroad buildings there, but in this they were unsuccessful, owing to the gallant defense made by CaJ?t. John Fisher, Company A, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, and a detachment of thirty-five men. The enemy were compelled to retire, leaving behind 1 man killed and 3 badly wounded, and carrying with them 10 or 15 wounded. Captain Fisher lost none. The whole rebel force retreated the same day up the New Creek Valley. Major Potts, with 150 men, who had returned from Moorefield, was directed to follow and harass their rear and pick up stragglers. CAVALRY.* First Division. August 1 to 6.The division was engaged in embarkation from City Point, Va., to Giesborongh Point, 1). C., and completed on the 7th. August 7.Marched, via Washington, to Ten nallytown. Comman4ed by Bvt. Maj. Gen. Alfred T. A. Torbert, JT S. Army Page 90 (CHAP. I,V~ 90 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA,, MD, AND PA. August 8.Marched to Poolesville ,Md. August 9.Marched to lThrpers Ferry. August 10.Marched via Cli a ri cstown an(l Berryville, skirmishing with the enemy at Stone Chapel. August 11.Engaged the enemys cavalry near \X inchester and drove them from toll-gate, and fought his infantry at Newtown. August 12.Marched to Cedar Creek. August 13 to 15.In position at Cedar Creek. August 1G.Marched to Cedarville, routed the enemys cavalry and infantry, taking 300 prisoners and 2 stand of colors. A ugust 17.Marched to I3erryvilie. August 18 to 20.Encamped a.t Berryville, frequently skirmishing with the enemys cavalry. August 21.Marched to Ch arlestown continued skirmishing. A ug ust 22.Marched to Sh epherdstown. August 23 and 24.Encampe& at Shepherdstown. A ugust 25.Made a reconnaissance in force to Keariieysville; heavily engaged throughout the day; encamped near Ilalltowmi. August 2G and 27.In camp. August 28.Marched via Leetown; drove the enemys cavalry through Smithfield to Bunker lull; encamped at Smithfield. August 29.Engaged the enemys infantry, artillery, & c. August 30.Marched to Berryville, and en camped at Berryville on the night of August 31, 1864. Septem ber 1.The division was en camped ii ear 13 erryville. September 2.Marched to Rippon and back to Berryvihle again. September 3.Marched to White Post. September 4.Returned to Berryville and skirmished with the enemy. September 5.Moved to Summit Point and took position on the right of army, where it remained from the 6th to the 14th engaged in picket- ing and scouting, frequently skirmishing with the enemy. September 15.Engaged and drove the enemy across Opequon Creek at Seivers Ford, capturing a number of prisoners. September 16 to 18.In camp. September 19.Engaged in the battle of Winchester, capturing 2 j)ieces of artillery, 800 prisoners, and 5 stand of colors. September 20.Marched to Strasburg. September 21.Marched to Front Royal. September 22.Marlmed to Milford; skirmished with the enemy. September 23.Marched to Cedarville via Front Royal, repulsing, with severe loss, an attack of partisan cavalry. September 24.Routed enemys cavalry at Enray Court-House, cap- turing 80 prisoners and 1 stand of colors. September 25.Marched to Ilarrisonburg via New Market. September 2G.Marched to Port Republic, pressing enemys rear toward Browns Gap. September 27.Marched to Cross Keys. September 28.lu camp at Cross Keys. September 29.Marched via Port Republic and 1~iedmont to Mount Crawford. September 80.Camp at Mount Crawford. October 1 and 2.The division was encamped at Mount Crawford and skirmished with the enemy. October 8 and 4.Remained in camp. October 5.Moved to Cross Keys. October 6.Marched to Timberville Page 91 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 9t October 7.Marched to Edenburg. October 8.Marched to Torns iDrook and skirmished with the enemys cavalry. October 9.Routed and drove the enemys cavalry to Mount Jackson, capturing 1 stand of colors, 5 pieces of artillery, wagons, ambu- lances & c October 10.Encamped near Fishers Hill. October 11.IM arched to near Middletown. October 12 to 14.Encamped near Middletown. October 15.Marched to Front Royal. October 1G.Returned to Middletown. October 17 and 18.Encamped near Middletown. October 19.Fought the battle of Cedar Creek, capturing 22 pieces of artillery, 3 caissons, 29 wagons, 37 ambulances, 95 horses, 141 mules, 398 l)risoners, harness, & c. October 20.Marched to Edeuburg. October 21.Returned to near Middletown. October 22 to 31.Encamped near Middletown, Va. November 1 to 10.The division was encamped near Middletown, Va., when it moved to near Kernstown, Va. Aorember 12.Marched to Cedar Creek, Va., and engaged the enemy. Skirmished with the enemy until 12 oclock at night and returned to camp. November 13.Marched to Cedar Creek and returned to camp the same day, picketing, reconnoitering, & c. November 21.Marched to Luray Valley on a reconnaissance. November 23.Returned to camp, picketing, reconnoitering, & c., as before. November 28.Marched on an expedition to Ashbys Gap; thence to Paris, Uppcryille, Union, T3loomfield, Philomont, Hamilton, and Water- ford to Lovettsville, driving off stock, destroying hay, grain, & c. December 1 to 18.The division was engaged in picketing the front of the army in the center and toward Front Royal. December 19.Started on a raid toward Gordonsville, Va. December 22.Crossed the Rapidan River, engaged the enemy, drove him, capturing officers and men and two pieces of artillery. December 23.Marched within one mile of Gordonsyille and engaged the enemy (Picketts division), and returned through Warrenton, White Plains, and Miliwood, arriving at Camp Russell, Va., its present camp, on the 28th, and took up its former picket-line up to December 31, its I)resent location. First Brigade, First Division. August 1 to 3.In camp near City Point. Va. August 4.Embarked for Washington. August 7.Marched from Giesborough Point via Poolesville to ilar. pers Ferry. August 10.Moved via Charlestown and Berryville near Winchester. August 11.Engaged the enemy near Winchester. August 12.Marched to Cedar Creek. August 13 to 15.f u camp at Cedar Creek. August 1G.Engaged the enemy and routed them near Front Royal; I 50 prisoners captured by the brigade. A ugust 17.Moved to Berryville. August 18 to 20.In camp Page 92 92 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. LV. A ug ust 21.Moved to Charlestown. A uqust 22.Moved to Shepherdstown. Auqust 23.In Camp. August 25.Fight at Shepherdstown. August 2G.lu camp at Autietam. August 28.Moved to Harpers Ferry and fight at Smithfield. A ugust 29 to 31.lu camp. Second Brigade, First Division. August 3.The brigade embarked at City Point on transports for Giesborough Point, disembarking and encamping at that place on the 6th arid 7th. August G.At night marched to Tennallytown. August 7.Marched to Mon ocacy Church. August 8.Marched to Pleasant Valley. August 9.Crossed the Potomac at harpers Ferry and marched to ilalitown. August 10.Marched by Charlestown and Berryville to Chapel Run. August 11.Engaged and routed Vaughns cavalry brigade at toll- gate on Front Royal turnpike. Same night engaged the enemys infantry near Newtown. A ugust 12.Marched by Newtowu to Fawcetts Gap, thence to Cedar Run Church, engaging the enemys rear guard on road to Strasburg; thence to Middletown. August 13.Crossed Cedar Run to near Strasbnrg; recrossed and encamped; same night marched to Cedarville. August 15.Drove enemy~s pickets across Shenandoah and picketed the river. August 1G.Engaged the enemy in force, repulsing him, and captur- ing 140 prisoners and 2 colors. August 17.Marched to Chapel iRun and encamped, picketing the front. August 20.Marched to Berryville. August 21.Engaged the enemy near Berryville, retiring at night to Charlestown. August 22.Marched to near Shepherdstown, picketing the rail- road. August 25.Marched to Kearneysville and engaged the enemys in- fantry. August 26.Retired and encamped near Harpers Ferry. August 28.Marched to Leetown, engaged the enemy, and drove him through Smithfield. A ugust 29.Engaged the enemys infantry in force. A ugust 30.Marched to Berryville and encamped, picketing thefront. September 1.The brigade encamped at Berryville. September 2.Marched toRippoii, returning same night to Berryville. September 3 Marched to White Post. September 4.Marched to near Snickers Ferry. September 5.Marched to Summit Point and encamped. September 8.Marched to Smithfield and encamped. September 18.Marched to Summit Point. September 19.Around the Opequon, and engaged the enemy near Winchester, capturing 300 prisoners and 5 battle-flags. September 20.Marched to Strasburg. September 21.Marched to Middletown Page 93 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 93 September 22.Pursued the enemy to Woodstock. September 23.Pursued the enemy and engaged his rear guard near Mount Jackson. September 24.Pursued the enemy and engaged his rear guard from Mount Jackson to six miles beyond New Market. September 25.Pursued the enemy to Harrisonburo thence to Keezie- town. September 2G.Marched to Port Republic, driving the enemy into Browns Gap. September 27.Returned to Cross Keys. September 29.Marched to Port Republic, thence by Piedmont to Mount Crawford; destroyed ninety-three barns full ofgrain and seventy- two stacks. Sefttember 30.Marched to Cross Keys. October 2.The brigade engaged the enemy near Mount Crawford. October 5.Marched to Cross Keys. October 6.Marched by Harrisonbnrg to Tiinberville. October 7.Marched to Edenburg. October 8.Marched to Toms Brook and engaged the enemy. October 9.Engaged the enemys cavalry, driving him through Mount Jackson twenty miles. October 10.Marched to Toms Brook and encamped. October 11.Marched to Bowmans Ford. October 13.Marched to the xvest of Middletown. October 14.Advanced to Strasburg, driving the enemy out of that place, retiring at night to Middletown. October 15.Marched to Front Royal. October 16.Returned to Middletown. October 19.Participated in the battle of Cedar Creek, pursuing the enemy to Fishers Hill and capturing 22 guns, 380 prisoners, and a large train. October 20.Drove the enemys rear guard from Fishers Hill to ( Woodstock, capturing 22 prisoners. October 21.Returned to Middletown amid encamped on the left of the army pickets, south side of Cedar Creek. Norember 1 to 7.The brigade remained in camp near Middletown, picketing on the south side of Cedar Creek and scouting to Woodstock and Edenburg. Norember 7.The brigade marched to near Front Royal and relieved Powells division, observing the country in that vicinity, and returned to camp near Middletown. No cember 10.Retired in rear of the army to camp on Front Royal pike, north of the Opequon, picketing and scouting to Nineveb. Nocember 12.Marched on Valley pike and engaged the eneimmy until 11 p. m. between Newtown and Middletown. November 13.Marched to Cedar Creek, returning same day to camp on Front Royal pike, picketing and scouting toward Ninevehi. November 21.Marched with the division toFront Royal; thence to Milford, Luray Valley. No cember 23.Returned to camp on Front Royal pike, picketing as before. Norember 28.Marched with the division to Ashbys Gap; thence by Paris, Upperville, Union, Bloomfield Philoinont II Waterford, to Lovettsville. - amilton, and December 1.lu camp near Kernstowu, Va., picketing toward Front Royal Page 94 94 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. December 1.9.Marched to Chester Gap. December 20.Marched to Sperryville. December 21.Marched to near Madison. December 22.Crossed the Rapidan, met the enemy, and drove them, capturing 2 officers, 15 men, and 2 pieces of artillery. December 23.Mai~hed within one mile of Gordonsville; engaged Picketts division. Received orders from General Torbert to retire to Liberty Mills, Rapidan River. Marched through Madison, crossing the Robertson at Russells Ford, and encamped. December 24.Marched to Alderate Mills. December 25.Marched to near Warrenton. December 26.Marched to White Plains. December 27.Marched to Mihiwood. December 28.Returned to camp near Kerustown. Decem ber 30. Marched to Smithfield. December 31.Marched to llalltown. Third Brigadc, First Dmv~sion. [Augustq}This command was organized as Third Brigade, First Division, Cavalry Corps, Middle Military Divisiomi, August 9, 1864, con- sisting of Second Massachusetts Cavalry, First Potomac ilonie Brigade Cavalry, Fourteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Twenty- second Peiinsyl- vania Cavalry, and miscellaneous detachmeu ts of General Wilsons division. On or about August 14, 1864, the Fourteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry left the command and reported to General Averell without orders, and miscellaneous detachments joined their division. August 24, the Twenty-second Pennsylvania Cavalry was ordered to report to General Averell, and the Twenty-fifth New York Cavalry was assigned to the brigade. The brigade has been on constant duty in the field with the division in General Sheridans army. One lieutenant-colonel, 3 captains, 3 lieutenants, and 121 enlisted men is the total number of prisoners captured during the month by this brigade. September 8 the brigade was dissolved amid merged in other brigades. Reserve Brigade. First Division. August 10.Colonel Gibbs assumes command of brigade; marched from near Hailtown on road to White Post; met emientys i)icketv attacked and drove themu toward Newtown; camped miear White Post. August 11.Marched toward Newtown~ met and drove enemys pickets and skirmishers to line of breast-works; action closed at dark; brigade camped in rear of Newtown; losses light. August 12.Brigade entered Newtown, enemy having left two hours previous; camped near Middletown, Va. August 13 to 14.Marched to Strasburg; found enemy intremiched; returned to camp near Middletown. August 15.Remain~d in camp. August 16.Marched through Middletown amid Cedarville; camped at Nmneveh. August 17.Marched through Berryville; camped two miles beyond on road. August 18.Marched through Berryville; camped one mile beyond on the Winchester pike, remaining umitil the 21st. August 22.Marched down Charlestown pike; skirmished with enemy as far as Rippon; camped haW a mile in rear of Charlestown Page 95 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 95 A ugust 23.Marched toward Shepherdstown and camped back of town. August 24.Moved camp to near Antietam Ford. A ugust 25.Marched toward Kearneysyille, meeting enemy in force half a mile beyond railroad; retired skirmishing; camped two miles and three-quarters from Harpers Ferry. August 2G.Made reconnaissance toward Sheplierdstown and on ~ inchester and Kearneysyille turnpikes. August 27.Remained in camp. A ugust 2d.Marched to Smithfield; meeting enemy, charged and (irove them; Lieutenant lloyer, First U. S. Cavalry, mortally wounded, died soon after; pursued the enemy, when a sharp engagement ensued; camped near Smithfield. A ugust 29.Enemy appeared in force and skirmishing began; enemy crossed stream and the column fell slowly back without confusion; arriving near Charlestown, a stand was made, when the enemy retired. August 30.Brigade moved out on Berryville turnpike and went~ into camp. August 31.Remained in camp. September 1.Moved camp to near Summit Point, remaining picket- ing, & c., until the 8th instant. September 8.Colonel Lowell assumes command; brigade reorganized under Special Orders, No. 103, September 8, 1864, headquarters First Cavalry Division; First New York Dragoons were replaced by Second Massachusetts Cavalry, and Sixth Pennsylvania ordered to Pleasant Valley for muster out; remained in camp until September 12. September 13.Made demonstration at Lockes Ford, on Opequon; captured 1 lieutenant and 10 privates, Breckinridges corps; returned to former camp at midnight. September 14 to 18.Picketing as before. September 19.Marched at 2 a. in.; reached Seivers Ford before day- break; forded and engaged enemy; battle of Winchester; camped beyond on Valley pike. September 20.Marched to Strasburg; caml)ed on road to Capon Springs. September 21.Marched to Front Royal and camped on Shenandoah. September 22.Marched to Milford in support of Third I)ivision~ no attack on enemys position ordered; fell back to McCoys Ford and camped; Captain Emmons, assistant adjutant-general, wonnded. September 23.Marched to Cedarville, dispersing en route a detach- ment of Mosby, under Captain Mountjoy, fi-om Cedarville; returned to Milford, finding position evacuated by enemy. September 24.Marched to Luray, participating in engagement with Wickh am; captured battle-flags, prisoners, & c.; camped west of Shen- andoah. September 25.Crossed ridge to New Market; marched to Harrison- burg and camped. September 2G.Brigade temporarily detached, acting with Third Division; proceeded to Staunton, capturing stores, cattle, & c.; camped east of town. September 27.Destroying railroad; marched to Waynesborough. September 28.Brigade on picket at Rockflsh Gap; attacked by enemy; fell back through Staunton, and by a forced march to Spring Hill. September 29.Moved to l3ridgewater and Mount Crawford, camping on left of infantry, picketing to Cross Keys and Rockland Mills Page 96 S 96 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (Oat LV. September s0.Bejoined division; camping and picketing. October 1 to & .Encamped north of Mount Crawford, picketing on turnpike. October ILMade a reconnaissance on ike. October 4.Remained in camp, picketing, c. October 5.Moved to Cross Keys and encamped on right of road to Harrisonburg. October 6.Moved with division to Harrisonburg and dowuthe Val- by burninghay, grain, stores, & c. 6etober 7.Moved on Ridge road- fond enemy, who fell back as we advanced; encamped north of Edenburg. October & Moved through Woodstock and encamped. October 9.Moved don the pike; fond enemy in force; after a brisk engagement pursued beyond Edenbnrg, capturing prisoners, wagons, stores, ammunition, & c. October 10.Returned to within three miles of Strasburg and OctoT~?+i.~Moved through Strasburg, across Cedar Creek, and encamped on left of infantry. October 12.Remained in camp October 18.Moved to rear and encamped in rear of army head- quarters. October 14.Saddled all day, but did not break camp. October 15.Moved with division to Front Royal via Middletown and Cedarville; encamped near Front Royal. October 16.Returned to camp two miles west of Middletown. October 17.Remained in camp October i& Remained in camp, picketing, & c. October t.Movedto the right of infantry on reconnaissance; found enemy in fWce; skirmished an hour and fell back, as the whole army had been attacked; formed skirmish line, connecting with infantry, and held position until8p. in.; made several brilliant charges, upon a battery with considerable loss; Colonel Lowell mortally wounded at battle of Cedar Creek. October 26.Moved with division to Woedstock; brigade advanced to Edenburg, and returned to camp near Fishets Hill, finding no enemy.. (iotober *1.Marched to Middletown and encamped on left of in- fantry. October 22 to *6.Remained as above. On 23d sent two squadrons on picket near Fishers Hill. October 27.Sent two regiments on reconnaissance to Woodstock; returned, finding no enemy. October *8 to 81.Remained in camp, picketing,. & c. November 1.In camp near Middletown on left of infantry. November & Orders from division headquarters to guard construc- tion parties on Harpers Ferry and Winchester Railroad; broke camp and moved to Halltown November 5.Moved to Charleston and encam~ied, Picke~x~rrd- tug railroad, & c.; performed same duty along line of to Stephenson?s Depot, moviiig camp from time to time to keep pace with completion pf railroad. November *8.At Stephensons Depot, guarding quartermasters department and picketing cam. ~- - November 27.The Sixth U.S. Cavalry Joined the brigade per Special Orders, No.96, headquarters Cavalry, Middle Military Division, Novem- ber 27, 1864 Page 97 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 97 No iember 29.P ursuant to orders from Cavalry Corps ii eadquarters, moved at 3 a. in., with no wheel transpoitation, via I]erryville, across Shenandoah River; occupieti Snickers Gap anti Snickersville at noon; marched to I3loomfield, and thence via iJnin and Plijiomont back to Snickersville, reporting to General Merritt, division coinmatider, and bivouacked for the night. i\orember 30.The Second Massachusetts Cavalry and Second U. S. Cavalry on an expedition through northwestern Loudoun County; First IT. S. Cavalry on picket and cattle onard; the Sixth U. S. Cavalry on J)icket in the Gap, and on expedition along the west side of Blue Ri(lgc. Brigade headquarters at Snickersville, near the division headquarters. The duty of the brigade has been light but tedious, and no events of importance have occurred during the month. December 1.Crossed the Blue Ridge at Snickers Gap, driving cattle collected in Loudoun County, & c., and encamped after getting stock across the Shenandoah. December 2.Joined by the Second 15. 5. and Second Massachusetts Cavalry; moved with the division as rear guard to near Stone Chapel and encamped. December 3.Arrived at division camp and ordered into camp near Kern stown. December l3.Brigadier-General Gibbs assumed command of brigade, relieving Colonel Crowninshield. December 19. Moved at daylight with the First and Third Divisions, with four (lays rations and forage, pursuant to orders, to two miles be- yond Front Royal, encamping in Chester Gap. December 20.Moved at ~3 a. in., passing through Flint lull, Gaiies Cross-Roads, Little Washington, Sperryville, and en camped two miles from Woodville. December 21.Moved at 6 a. in. in advance. When within six miles ot Madison Court-House countermarched and followed the division through Craigsville; crossed Hughes River and encamped in rear of the First Brigade at Madison Court-House. December 22.Moved at 11 a. in., Second Division in advance; found the enemy at Rapidan River. Passed through Jacks Shop (First and Second Brigades moved up the river, crossing at ~ Ford; Reserve brigade left with train) and encamped. December 23.First and second Divisions, crossing the river, found enemy in force near Gordonsvihle and returned. Reserve brigade left guarding train. Moved back through Madison Court-House, crossing Robertsons River at Russells Ford. December 24.Moved at 9 a. in., passing through James City, and encamped five miles from Culpeper Court-House. December 25.Moved at 7 a. in., passing through Jefferson, Fauquier Sulphur Springs, encamping three miles from there. For ging parties sent out, one of which captured and destroyed 150,000 Sharps carbine cartridges, 1,000,000 caps, 200 muskets, 90 blankets, and 4 prisoners captured. A merry Christmas. December 26.Moved throngh Warren ton, New Baltimore, George- town, and White Plains; two prisoners captured. The Second Division marched to the left at Warrenton. December 27.Moved out as rear ~uard, passing through Middle- burg, Canton, Rectors Cross-Roads, Upperville, Paris, and Ashbys Gap, on Miliwood and Winche~ter turnpike. Forded the Shenandoah, crossing the dismounted men, stock, & c., and encamped about one mile and a half from the river. 7 H HVOL xLlII, PT Page 98 [CHAP. LV. 98 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. December 28.Marched at daylight, passing through Miliwood and crossing Opequon Creek. Arrived in old camp at 1 p. m. December 31.General Gibbs assumed temporary command of the First Division in the absence of General Merritt, Major MeKendry, Second Massachusetts Cavalry, commanding brigade. The weather during the expedition was exceedingly cold, snowy, and rainy, rendering the roads in such an impassable and slippery condi- tion as to cause many horses to be worn out and consequently aband- oned. Some thirteen enlisted men were captured and shot by guer- rillas. Brigade re-enforced by the First Rhode Island Cavalry; reduced by the detail of the First U. S. Cavalry at Cavalry Corps headquarters. Third Division. August 1 to 4.Encamped near Jerusalem plank, the command pick- eting the left of the army before Petersburg. August 5.Broke camp and marched to City Point; began to embark the command to Giesborough Point. August 12.The eiitire division being together again, received orders to march to the Shenandoah Valley, via Leesburg, through Snickers Gap; arrived at Winchester August 17, in time to cover the rear of the army, falling back toward Berryville; were attacked at Winchester by the enemys infantry, cayalry, and artillery; hotly engaged until 9 p. in., when the division fell back through Winchester; marched to Summit Point; remained there until August 21, picketing the Ope- quon. August 21.The enemy attacked in force; retired through Charles- town, taking position on the extreme right of the army near that place. August 22.Fell back to near Halltown, Va., taking position again on the extreme right of the army, picketing to our front and right. August 25.Joined in a reconnaissance with the First Division to Kearneysville; met a large force of the enemy coming up the pike on a reconnaissance toward Shepherdstown, consisting of Breckinridges division of infantry and some cavalry; a severe engagement ensned, in which the enemy was driven about half a mile, but he rallied, developed his force, and we fell back leisurely and in good order to our former position. August 26.Broke camp at 1 a. in., crossed the Potomac at Harpers Ferry, marched through Pleasant Valley to Boonsborough Mountain, picketing the river at Antietam Ford and near Sharpsburg. August 28.liecrossed the river at Shepherdstown and marched to Charlestown, Va. September 2.Moved into Berryville and went into camp, picketing to the front and left; daily reconnaissances sent out either toward Mill- wood and White Post or to the Opequon on the Berryville and Win- chester pike. September 13.Sent four regiments, under Brigadier-General McIn- tosh, of the First Brigade, on an expedition toward Winchester across the Opequon; by a gallant charge of the Third New Jersey and Second Ohio Cavalry the capture of the Eighth South Carolina Infantry Ilegi- ment, with their battle-nag, was handsomely effected; the regiment con- siste(l of 14 commissioned officers (among them the colonel) and 92 enlisted men; besides this 2 commissioned officers and 35 enlisted men belonging to several Virginia cavalry re~ments were taken Page 99 CHAP. LW.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 99 ASepfember 19.The division broke camp at 2 a. in., taking the advance of the army toward Winchester on Berryville pike; drove in their pickets at the Opequon, and moving McIntoshs brigade in advance up the pike at a trot, scattering a regiment of cavalry on picket before us and making some prisoners, struck their onter line two miles and a half from Winchester, defended on the pike by a regiment of infantry in a commanding position in the woods and in breast-works. General McIn- tosh, seeing that the heavy fire of nrnsketry for a moment checked onr advance, took the lead himseW and charging with the six regiments ot his brigade repeatedly up to the mnzzles of the enemys muskets fluially succeeded, with the assistance of Batteries B and L, Lieutenant Peirce, Second U. S. Artillery, in wresting this important position from the enemy, who fled in confusion, leaving many dead and wounded and losing some 70 prisoners. Our loss was heavy in killed and wounded. The enemy now opened with several batteries from his inner line of battle, but the division held the position and was relieved at 6 a. m. by the infantry, when the command moved to the extreme left of the army a mile and a quarter from the Strasburg pike, whence fre- quent demonstrations were made against the enemys right. After our troops had entered Winchester we pursued the retreating masses of the enemy, but night setting in halted at Kernstown and bivouacked. September 20.Took up the march to near Front Royal. September 21.Crossed the two forks of the Shenandoah, driving the enemy. September 22.Found him strongly intrenched at Milford; several attempts to dislodge him failed; withdrew at night; bivouacked at Bentonville. September 23.Marched to Bucktou and back to near Milford. Septem ber 24.Marched through Luray to near Massanutten Gap and bivouacked. September 25.Crossed mountain~ halted at New Market; 5 p. m. marched to llarrisonburg and bivouacked. September 26.Marched to Staunton and bivouacked; captured a number of wounded and convalescent prisoners, large quantity of rebel hard bread, fl6ur, and many wall-tents, tobacco, saddles amid bridles, & c.; destroyed what we did not want. September 27.Moved to Waynesborough and bivouacked. September 28.In camp; destroyed the railroad for several miles and the bridge at Waynesborough. September 29.At 5 p. m. the enemy, with cavalry, artillery, and infan- try, advanced, attacking and driving our pickets throngh the town; skirmished till after dark; enemy succeeded in gaining possession of pike in our rear, compelling part of the command to move through the country; part of it charged through on the pike nuder a spirited fire from the enemys dismounted men; marched all night through Staunton to Springfield; bivouacked several hours. September 30.Reached Bridgewater and went into camp, picketing from Mount Crawford to the right of Bridgewater. October 1.In camp at Bridgewater. October 2.The enemy made a brisk attack along time picket-line; was repulsed by the Second New York Cavalry and the line re-estab- lished. October 3 to 5.In camp. Pursuant to ordei-s the Fifth New York Cavalry was detailed to burn houses in vicinity of camp in retaliation ~r the murder of Lieutenant Meigs Page 100 VDHAP. LV. 100 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. October 6.Broke camp, marched back near Fishers Hill and biv- ouacked. The enemy, after following ns up all day, made an attack on the picket-line in the evening. October 7.Marched towar(I Columbia Furnace on the Back road; were attacked by the enemys cavalry at 5 a. in.; after a short fight resumed the march; bivouacked at Columbia Furnace. October S.Marched to Fishers Hill; went into camp. October 9.The whole (livision moved out at 6 a. m. and attacked the enemys cavalry under Itosser, who had followed up and taken up a strong and commanding position. After heavy fighting succeeded in turning his left flank, obtaining a complete victory, capturing all his artillery (six pieces in all), his ambulance, ammunition, and headquarters train, and a large number of prisoners. October 10.In camp near Mount Olive. October 11.Moved back to Cedar Creek and encamped. October 12.In camp. October 13.Pickets driven in by the enemy; moved out with the command and drove them back and re-established our line. October 14 to 18.In camp. October 17.General Iltosser attempted to surprise the camp of the division, but failed; however, succeeded in capturing a party of 33 men and 3 officers of the First Connecticut Cavalry on picket by surprise. October 19.Alarm at 4 a. in.; heavy picket-firing; saddled np at once; enemy attacked the whole army in force. The divisiou was formed on the right of the army; afterward transferred to the extreme left to prevent an attempted flank movement of the enemy; again shifted to the right, engaged IRossers division, and drove it in confu- sion across Cedar Creek; charged the enemys infantry and pursued them beyond Strasburg, capturing 45 pieces of artillery, ambulances, wagons, 5 battle-flags, & c. October 20.In camp. Sent one regiment on a reconnaissance to Monnt Olive. October 21.Moved camp one mile toward the pike. October 23 to 29.In camp. On the 29th sent two regiments on a reconnaissance to Woodstock. No enemy in view. October 30 aHd 31.In camp. November 1 to 9.In camp near Middletown. November 10.Moved back six miles and went into camp, picketing from near the Valley pike, at Newtown, to Fawcetts Gap. November 11.Enemys cavalry drove in the pickets of the Second Brigade on the Middle road; after some skirmishing until dark re- established the line. November 12.Enemys cavalry attacked in force the pickets of both brigades, driving them in. Moved with entire division toward Cedar Creek, on the Middle road and the Back road, driving the enemy with ease on the Back road across the creek; but ou the Middle road the enemy, being in superior numbers over the Second Brigade, checked the farther advance of the Second Brigade, and only after a very severe and obstinate engagement, the enemy, seeing himself threatened in his rear by the First Brigade, begaii falling back. November 13.The entire division moved to beyond Middletown on a reconnaissance, discov ering the enemy at Fishers Hill. November 21.The division moved at 7 a. in.; were joined at New- town by the Second Cavalry Division, the whole under command of Brevet Major~General Torbert; marched as far as Woodstock and bivouacked Page 101 CHAP. LV. I THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 101 Norember 22.Moved to beyond Mouiit Jackson, Second Division in advance; found the enemys infantry and some cavalry drawn up at Rudes Hill, with artillery in position. The enemy developing his force, began to fall back, the First Brigade covering the rear and repulsing with ease the repeated charges or attacks of the enemys cavalry; bivouacked at Woodstock. Norember 23.Marched back to camp. Nocember 28.At 11 p. m. marched with division toward Moorefield; bivouacked eleven miles this side of Moorefield. November 29.Entered i\loorefield; sent 300 men from there toward Petersburg to gather information about Rossers whereabouts; took up the return march at 4 p. in.; bivouacked at 8 p. in. in the mountains. No ~ember 30.Moved to North River and Cacapon bridge, bivouack- ing at 8 p. m. December 1.Marched at 7 a m. from within nine miles of Moore- field; bivouacked at Cacapon bridge. December 2.Marched through Lockharts arid Petticoat Gap. Reached camp at 1 p. m. December 3 to 18.In camp. December 19.Started on an expedition up the Valley pike; biv- ouacked at Woodstock. December 20.Marched through New Market to Laceys Springs and bivouacked. December 21.The enemys cavalry at early dawn attacked with spirit the camps at different points,. but were repulsed, although a por- tion of them, dressed in U. S. uniform, had succeeded in penetrating through the camp of the Eighth and Fifteenth New York Cavalry, and owing to the darkness of the hour amid a severe snow-storm escaped capture. Moved back to Woodstock amid bivouacked. December 22.Marched back to near Kerustown and went into camp until December 28, when we muoved back several miles, going into winter quarters near the Romimey pike. Pir~t Brigade, Third Dicis ion. August 4.Command relieved from picket on left of army mmear Jeru- salem plank roach. August 5.Marched to City Point and began embarking. August 9.Whole brigade had arrived at Giesborough Point, D. C. August 12.Broke camp and muarched to the Shenandoah Valley via Leesburg and Snickers Gap. August 17.Reached Winchester and covered the rear of the Sixth Corps, then falling back toward Berryville; had a hot light, at the close of which we fell back to Summit i~oint w here the emmemy attacked us on August 21, and we fell back to Charlestown. August 22.Were again attacked, and after a sharp skirmish fell back omi our imiflintry at ilailtown and took up a position omi the extreme right. August 25.Made a reconnaissance to Kearneysville in connection with the Secomid Brigade, Third Cavalry Division, and were also joined by the First Cavalry Division at that point. Met a large force of the enemriy immediately on crossing the l3aitiumore and Ohio Railroad, which consisted of Breckinridges corps and some cavalry; a severe engage- uiient ensued, at the close of which the enemy developed his force, compelling a retreat, which we accomplished in good order and ver Page 102 102 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. rcHAP. LV. leisurely. On the following night (2526) crossed into Maryland, march- ing to Boonsborough on the 26th, aud leaving regiments to picket the fords at Antietam and Sharpsburg. August 28.R~ecrossed the Potomac at Shepherdstowu; marched to Charlestown and bivouacked. September 2.The brigade moved from Charlestown, Va., to Berry- yule, and divided its time from that date to the 19th between picket duty and occasioual scouts. September 13.A reconnaissance was made across the Opequon Creek toward Winchester over the Berryville pike, which resulted in the capture of the Eighth South Carolina Infantry, consisting of 14 commissioned officers (among them the colonel) and 92 enlisted men; also the battle-flag of the regiment. Besides this 2 commissioned officers and 35 enlisted men belonging to several regiments of Virginia cavalry were taken. The Second Ohio and Third New Jersey Cavalry deserve the greatest credit for the affair. September 19.At 2 a. in. the brigade left camp at Berryville, and meeting the enemy at the crossing of the Opequon drove him some miles, when they were re-enforced and succeeded in checking our farther advance. We held them, however, until the arrival of the infantry, when we were assigned a position on the left flank, from which we took an active part in the engagement throughout the day, and after the occupation of Winchester in the evening charged the retreating columns of the enemy and followed them to the vicinity of Kerustown. September 21.Met the enemy near Front Royal and drove him to Milford, where they were strongly intrenched, and held us during the next day and night. September 23.Advanced again on this day, reaching New Market on the 25th and Staunton on the 27th. September 28.The enemy attacked us at Waynesborough and com- pelled us to fall back beyond Staunton to Middle River. Moved to Bridgewater, on the North River, and went into camp on the 30th instant. Oetober.]Went into caump at Bridgewater September 30; remained until October 2, when we chaiiged camp. Just after going into our new camp the Third New Jersey, then on picket, was attacked and driven across the river and through town in great confusion. Time Second New York charged the enemy and drove them back across the river, recapturing nearly all the prisoners taken and inflicting a severe loss on the enemy. They used artillery quite freely. October 4.The Fifth New York was detailed to burn property in retaliation for the murder of Lieutenant Meigs. October 5.Staid in camp all day. October 6.Marched from Dayton on the Back road, burning barns and collecting all the cattle found, the enemn y following at a respectful distance until we were going into camp, when they attacked the Fifth New York and Eighteenth Pennsylvania, near Brocks Gap, and suc- ceeded in cutting off about seventy-five of the Fifth New York Cav- alry, but afterward came in. October 7.Lieutenant-Colonel Pnrington was relieved by Colonel Pennington. The Second Brigade, in the rear, was attacked and com- pelled to fall back, losing all the cattle and some of the forges of the brigade. Part of the brigade were deployed, checking the enemy. October 8.The Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, as rear guard, was attacked and compelled to fall back on the brigade, losing some kille Page 103 Cxii. LV.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 103 and a few wounded. The enemy halted and did not attack. The bri- gade withdrew in line of battle for a mile; the enemy did not follow; encamped near Fishers Hill. October 9.Attacked the enemy in a well-posted position beyond Toms Brook, on a hill, commanding the road with their artillery. After considerable skirmishing the brigade was ordered to charge np the hill, which resulted in the capture of six guns and the whole train of General Rosser. Brigade encamped on the field. October 11.Marched to Cedar Creek. October 13.Pickets driven in at Cupps 1-lill; brigade was ordered out to reform the line; considerable artillery firing. October 17.General Rosser attacked the First Connecticnt Cavalry, on picket, and captured Major Marcy, Captain Parinelee, Lieutenant Havens, and 33 enlisted men. October 19.The enemy attacked in force~ formed iii line near the pike, to allow the infantry to form. Brigade charged and took 22 pieces of artillery. October 20.Went on a reconnaissance beyond Fishers Hill. October 21 to 31.Doing picket and occasional scouts. No iember 1 to 8.In camp near Middletown, Va. Aovember 8.Marched to a 1)oint between Newtown and Winchester, on Winchester pike, north of the Opequon, and encamped, ready to re-enforce either point. No iem ber 9.Marched to Mount Zion Church and picketed from Fawcetts Gap to Middle road. Norember 10 and 11.In camp near Kerustown, Va. November 12.The Second Ohio on picket; First Connecticut sent on a scout to Cedar Creek; both r egimnents were attacked; brigade moved out and engaged the enemy, driving them to Lebanon Church. November 13.In camp near Kerustown. The brigade, with the division, moved out on a reconnaissance; returned at4p.m. November 14 to 20.lu camp near Kerustown, Va., doing picket and occasional scout. November 21.Brigade moved out at 7 a. m. November 22.Engaged the enemy at Mount Jackson. November 23.Returned to old camp, near Kerustown, Va. November 23 to 28.In camp doing picket and occasional scouts. November 28.At 8 p. m. received orders to move at once. Moved out at 11 p. ni. on the march and reached Wardensville at 11 a. in. on the 29th; halted three-quarters of an hour from Moorefield. , encamped eleven miles November 30.Moved at 7 a. m. and reached Moorefield at 9 a. in., and halted until 3 p. in., sending the Second New York on a scout toward Petersburg; marched at 3 p. in., and encamped at 9p. in. at Pine Church. December 1.Marched at 7 a. m. and reached Cacapon bridge at 9 a. m. and encamped. December 2.Moved at 7 a. m. by way of Lockharts and Petticoat Gap and reached camp at I p. in. December 3 to 18.In camp near Kern stown, doing picket and occasional scouts. December 19.Marched at 6 a. in., amid reached Woodstock at 6 p. in., and encamped. December 20.Marched at 6 a. in. and reached Laceys Springs at 6 p. in. December 21.The enemys cavalry attempted to surprise our camp about 5 a. in. aimd were repulsed. At 7 a. m. marched rea stock at 5 p. in., and encamped. , ching Wood Page 104 104 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND lA. (Onr. LV. December 22.Moved at 6 oclock, reaching camp hear Kernatown at lip. m. December 23 to 28.In camp doing picket duty. December 28.Moved camp two miles and a quarter from Win chester. December 29 to 31.In camp, building winter quarters, ad doing picket duty. Second Brigade, Third Division. August 1.Marched to near Lees Miii ad relieved General Kautss division on picket at that point, ad continued on this duty until 10 oclock on the ni ht of the 4th, when the brigade marched to near B. Wells house, onXo~~ raiiroad, ad bivouacked. August 5.Marched soon after daylight, ad proceeded to near City Point ad encamped. August 6 and 7.tn camp without events of importance. August & Embarked the brigade on board steam transports at City Point, under orders to proceed to Washington. August 9 and 10.The troops arrived and disembarked at Gies- borough; went into camp near by August 11.In camp; eng~ in petting ready to march. August 1Moved at dark ~with division) across the Eastern Branch and the Potomac at Chain Bridge, and encamped a short distance out- side the fortifications. August 18.Marched at 6 p. m. with division to Draneavulle and bivouacked. August 14.Remained at Dranesville. August 15.Marched at 4.30 at m. through Leesburg to Purcpllville, where we bivouacked for the night. Au ust 16.Marched at 4.30 on Snickersville turnpike; crossed the Shenandoah River at 10 at a, and halted for several hours about one mile from the river. Resumed march, passing through Berryville, and after a second halt during which rations were issued, proceeded to Winchester and Mullwood turnpike, and bivouacked. August 17.Shortly after daylight marched with division via White Post and Winchester; took up position on south side of town, covering the Front Royal pike; at sundown withdrewto [from?] south side of thE town and took uppositionuntil the First Brigadepassed throuph on Mar- tinsburg road marched, taking Summit Point road, and bivouacked on east side of Opequon. August flAt 5 oclock the brigade marched to Summit Point and bivouacked in line of battle on the right of the First Brigade. Sent Twenty-second New York to Smithfield to picket approaches. August 19 and 20.In position at Summit Point Reconnoitering parties develop the enemys pickets on west bank of Opequon. August 21.Enemy attacked Twenty-second New York at Smith- field at 7 at m and drove their back about two miles; withdtew the regiment to dmunait Point; heavy force of the enemy advanced on Winchester road; thedivision fell slowly back to near Charlestown, and bivouacked on right of infantry lines. Augkst 22.Infantry having been relieved during the night, the enemy attacked the division soon after daylight and we retired~ skir- mishing part of the way to near Halltown and~k~tion on right of the infantry lines. August 29 and 24.Remained encamped in position Page 105 CHAP. LV. TilE RHKKANJ)OAI( VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 105 Augw~t *5.xeconnahssance to Kearnoyaville, leaving camp at 5.30 a. in.; engagement between Kearneysville and Leetown with enemys cavalry and infantry; retired to position near Halitown. August 26.Moved from position at 1 a. in., crossing the Potomac River at Harpers Ferry, and proceeding through Pleasant Valley encamped early in afternoon near Boonsborough. August 27.Marched at noon with division, passing through Sharps- burg, and took position on the Hagerstown turnpik% three miles from Sharpsburg; encamped. August 28.Moved at daylight, passing through Sharpsburg, and crossing the Potomac at Shepherdatown Ford proceeded to Charles- town, and encamped near the Berryville turnpikt August 29.Without movement or event of importance. August 80.Marched at meridian with division to near Berryvifle, and bivouacked in line of battle. August 81.Remained in position. The First Vermont made recon- naissance to the Winchester and Front Royal pike, developing nothing of moment September 1.Brigade in camp near Berryvilie. Septdaber 2.Marched to vicinity of Charleston and bivouacked. ~.hed at daylight to White Post, returning to Mill- September 4.Marched at daylight by country roads to Berryvilie; 3p. in. formed line of battle on left of infantry. September 5 and 6.In cam p without event September 7.Reconnoitered to Opequon; discovered enemys cav- alry pickets on south bank; moved and forced them back. about two miles upon their infantry lines; returned to camp about Berryville. September 8 to 18.In camp without event tember 19.Brigade moved in rear of division at 2 a. in. up Ber- ~li dWinches~ pikes to the Opequon. At daylight First Brigade attacked enemys pickets and drove them back; succeeded in gaining position on the south bank of the Opequon; Second Brigade moved up andforinedlineof battle on right of pike. Atl2 in. division moved to the extreme left tank of army and attacked enemys cav- alry; drove him back in confusion; continued pursuit till dark. September 20.Moved via Newton to Front Royal, and biv- ouacked. September 21.Attacked enemys cavalq at daylight in position on south bank of Shenandoah; secured crossing, and drove enemy back to (ioonejr Manor. September 22.Marched at daylight toward Milford on countryroads, enemy having retired during ni ht; 12m. found him in position near Milford. Twenty-second N w or and First New Hampshire dis- mounted and made a vigorous attack on right flank, but could not dislodge him. Withdrew at dark, and retired by pike to Bentonvifle, mid bivouacked. September *5.Moved to Buckland- returned to Milford. September 24.Marched through kilford to Luray Court-House; crossed Shenandoah, and bivouacked near Massanutten Mountain. September 25.Crossed mountain; halted at New Market; Sp. m. moved to Harrisonburg and bivouacked. September 26.Moved to Staunton. September 27.Moved to Waynesborough. September 28.k camp Page 106 106 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. & ptentber 29.Attacked by enemy; 5 p. m. formed line of battle; skirmish continued till after dark; enemy succeeded in getting posses- sion of pike in rear of this brigade, which was obliged to retire through country on right flank of enemys line; joined division at Fishersville; marched during night and day of 30th. DEPARTMENT OF THE SUSQUEHANNA.* August 1.Capt. C. B. ilebbles mounted company 100-days Penn- sylvania volunteers marched to Shimpstown, Pa.; a detachment of Brigadier-General Averells commaud marched to Greencastle and Waynesborough to picket roads leading to Potomac River. August 12.Sent one company 100-days infantry and twelve men from Captain Sannos independent mounted company 100-days Penn- sylvania volunteers from Chambersbnrg to Scranton, Pa.; one com- pany 100-days infantry from Fort Washington to Chainbersburg. August 13.Sent Capt. B. Lainberts independent mounted company 100~days~ Pennsylvania volunteers and one section of Captain Has- tings (Keystone) battery from Harrisburg to Bloomsburg, P~. August 15.Sent two companies One hundred and eighty-sixth Reg- iment Pennsylvania volunteers and two companies 100-days Penn- sylvania volunteers to Columbia County, Pa. August 18.Brandywine District discontinued in General Orders, No. 45, current series, Department of the Susquehanna. August 19.Sent Capt. E. 14. Warrens iiidependent mounted com- pany of 100-days Pennsylvania volunteers from Harrisburg to Bloody Run. August 22.Headquarters Department of the Susquehanna changed from Harrisburg to Chambersburg, Pa. August 2G.Maj. Gen. George Cadwalader, U. S. Volunteers, placed in command of U. S. troops in Columbia County, Pa.; sent four companies Sixteenth Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps to Columbia County, Pa. DEPARTMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA. t [Decernber.]Department of the Susquehanna changed to Department of Pennsylvania, with headquarters at Philadelphia, in General Orders, No. 293, War Department, December 1, 1864. Cumberland, Franklin, Adams, and York Counties, Pa., annexed to Juniata District, with headquarters at Chambersbnrg, Pa., in General Orders, No. 77, Department of the Susquehanna, dated December 1, 1864. December 4.Sent one section of Battery A, First New York Artil- lery, from Pittsburg to Chambersburg, Pa. December 14.Headquarters Department of Penn sylvania changed from Chambersburg to Philadelphia, Pa. December 16.Brig. Gen. 0. 5. Ferry, U. S. Volunteers, relieved from command of the Juniata District and assigned to duty as military corn- mander of Philadelphia, Pa. December 21.Sent detachment of Company D, Twenty-first Regi- ment Pennsylvania Cavalry, from Strondsburg to Pottsville, Pa. December 29.Sent half of Battery A First New York Artillery, from Allegheny City to Philadelphia, Pa. 1~ie counties of Bucks, Montgom- ery, Delaware, and Chester annexed to Philadelphia District in General Orders, No. 86, Department of Pennsylvania, (I ated December 31, 1864; headquarters at Philadelphia, Pa. ComrnandAA by Maj. Gen. Darius N. Couch. t Commanded by Maj. Gen. George Cadwalader Page 107 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 107 No.3. Qrganization of the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army. at the battle of Winchester (or the Opeqaon), Va., September 19. HEADQUARTERS ESCORT. 6th U. S. Cavalry, Capt. Ira W. Claflin. SIXTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. HoRATIO G. WRIGHT. ESCORT. 1st Michigan Cavalry, Company G, Lieut. William H. Wheeler. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. DAVID A. RUSSELL. Brig. Gen. EMORY UPTON. Col. OLIVER EDWARDS. First Brigade. Lieut. Col. EDWARD L. CAMPBELL. 4th New Jersey, Capt. Baldwin Hufty. 10th New Jersey, Maj, Lambert Boeman. 15th New Jersey, Capt. William T. Cor- nish. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. EMORY UPTON. Col. JOSEPH E. HAMBLIN. 24 Connecticut Heavy Artillery, Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie. 65th New York: Col. Joseph E. Hamblin. Capt. Henry C. Fisk. 121st New York, Capt. John D. P. Douw. 95th Pennsylvaniaj Capt. Francis J. 96th Pennsylvania, * Randall. Third Brigade. Col. OLIVER EDWARDS. Col. ISAAC C. BASSETT. 37th Massachusetts, Lieut. Col. George L. Montague. 49th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. Baynton J. Hickman. 82(1 Pennsylvania, Col. Isaac C. Bassett. 119th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Gideon Clark. 2d Rhode Island (battalion), Capt. Elisha H. Rhodes. 5th Wisconsin (battalion), Maj. Charles XV. Kempf. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. Second Brigade. Co]. JAMES M. WARNER. Lient. Col. AMASA S. TRACY.t 2d Vermont, Maj. Enoch E. Johnson. 3d Vermont, 4th Vermont, Maj. Horace W. Floyd. 5th Vermont, Capt. Addison Brown, jr. 6th Vermont, Capt. Martin W. Davis. 11th Vermont (1st Heavy Artillery), Maj. Aldace F. Walker. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. FRANK XVHEATON. 62d New York, Lient. Col. Theodore B. Hamilton. 93d Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. John S. Long. 98th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. John B. Kohier. 1024 Pennsylvania, Maj. James H. Cole- nian. 139th Pennsylvania, Maj. Robert Munroe. * Guarding trains and not engaged in the battle. Superintended a portion of the line. CRAY. LV. Page 108 OPERATIO\~ IN N VA., ~ ~ MD., AND PA. Third Thyode. Brig. Gen. IJANIEL D. BLIAVELL. 7th Maine, Maj. Stephen C. Fletcher. 43(1 New York, Maj. Charles A. Milliken. 49th New York (battalion), Lient. Col. Erastus 1). liolt. 77th New York, Lieut. Col. Winsor 13. French. 1224 New york, Maj. Jabez M. l3rower. 61st Pennsylvania (battalion): Capt. Charles S. Greene. Caj)t. David J. Taylor. TIllED DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMEs 13. RICKETTS. First Brigade. Col. WILLIAM EMElISON. 14th New Jersey: Maj. Peter Yredenburgh, jr. Capt. Jacob J. Janeway. 106th New York, Capt. Peter Robertson. 151st New York, Lient. Col. Thomas M. Pay. 87th Pennsylvania, Col. John W. Schall. 10th Vermont: Maj. Edwin Dillinglian. Capt. Lucius T. hunt. Second Rrjo.de. Col. J. WARSIEN KEIFER. 6th Maryland: Col. John W. Horn. Capt. Clifton K. Prentiss. 9th New York heavy Artillery, Maj. Charles Bargess. 110th Ohio, Lient. Col. Otho H. Binkley. 1224 Ohio, Col. William H. Ball. 126th Ohio: Lient. Col. Aaron W. Ebright. Capt. George W. Hoge. 67th Pennsylvania, Lieut. John F. 138th Young. Pennsylvania: Col. Matthew H. MeClennan. Maj. Lewis A. May. ARTILLERY ERIGADE. Col. CHAP.LES H. TOMPKINS. Maine Light, 5th Battery (B), Capt. Greenleaf T. Stevens. Massachusetts Light, 1st Battery (A), Capt. William H. McCartney. New York Light, 1st Battery: Lient. Willians H. Johnson. Lient. Orsamns R. Van Etten. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battcry C, Lient. Jacob H. Lamb. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battcry G, Capt. (3eorge W. Adams. 5th United States, Battery M, Capt. James McKnight. NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. Bvt. M j. Cen. WILLIAM H. EMORY. FIRST 1)IVISION. Brig. Cen. WILLIAM I)wIGIIT. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. GEORGE B. BEAL. Brie,. Gen. JAMES W. McMILLAN. 29th Maine: 12th Connecticut: Maj. William Knowlton. Lient. Col. Frank H. Peck. Capt. Alfred L. Turner. Capt. Sidney E. Clark. 30th Massachusetts, Capt. Samuel D. 160th New York, Lient. Col. John B. Shipley. Van Petten 114th New York: 47th Pennsylvania, Col. Tilgbman H. Col. Samnel R. Per Lee. Good. Maj. Oscar H. Curtis. 8th Vermont, Col. Stephen Tholnas. 116th New York, Col. George M. Love. 153d New York, Col. Edwin P. Davis. ____ Non-veterans of 90th New York temporarily attached. lO~3 ~(aAr. LV Page 109 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. Third Briga(le. Col. LEONARD D. H. C URIUF. 30th Maine,t Capt. George W. Randall. 133d New York. Maj. Anthony J. Allaire. 162d New York. Col. Justus XV. I3lanchard. 165th New York (six companies), Lient. Col. Goiivcriicur Carr. 173d New York, Maj. George XV. Rogers. Artillery. New York Light, 5th Battery, Lieiit. John V. Grant. SECONI) 1)IVXSION. Brig. Gen. C uvii~it Gnovi~s~. First Briqade. Brig. Gen. HENRY XV. BIRGE. 9th Connecticut, Col. Thomas XV. Ca hill. 12th Maine, Lieut. Col. Edwin lisley. 14th Maine, Col. Thomas XV. Porter. 26th Massachusetts, Col. Alpha B. Parr. 14th New Hampshire: Col. Alexander Gardiner. Capt. iNavel L. Tolman. 75th New York: Lient. Col. Willoughby Bab- cock. Maj. Benjamin F. Thurber. Second Brigade. Col. EDWARD L. MOLINEUX. 13th Connecticut, Col. Charles D. Blinn. 11th Indiana, Col. Daniel Macauley. 22d Iowa, Col. Harvey Graham. 3d Massachusetts Cavalry (dis- mounted), Lieut. Col. Lorenzo D. Sargent. 131st New York, Col. Nicholas XV. Day. 159th New York, Lient. Col. XVilliam XXTaltermire. Third I;riqade. Col. JACOB SILARPE. Lieut. Col. ALvREJ) NEAFIE. 38th Massachusetts, Maj. Charles F. Al- len. 128th New York, Capt. Charles Ii. Ander- son. 156th New York: Lieut. Col. Alfred Neafie. Capt. James J. hoyt. 175th New York (three companies), Capt. Charles McCarthey. 176th New York, Maj. Charles Lewis. Fourth Brigade. Col. DAVID SnUNK. 8th Indiana, Lient. Col. Alexander J. Kenny. 18th Indiana, Lieut. Col. William S. Charles. 24th Iowa, Lient. Col. John Q. XVilds. 28th Iowa, Lieut. Col. Bartholomew XXT. XVilson. Artillery. Maine Light, 1st Battery (A), Capt. Albert XV. l3radbury. RESERVE ARTILLERY. Capt. ELIJAH D. TAFT. Indiana Light, 17th Battery, Capt. Milton L. Miner. 1st Rhode Island Light, I3attery D, Lient. Frederick Chase. Detached at Harpers Ferry, and not engaged in the battle. Non-veterans of 13th and 15th Maine temporarily attach~d. CHAP. LV.] 10 Page 110 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ARMY OF WEST VIRGINIA. Byt. Maj. Gen. GEORGE CROOK. FIRST DIVISION. Col. JOSEPH TIIoBuRN. First Brigade. Col. GEORGE D. XX ELLS. 34th Massachusetts, Maj. Harrison XV. Pratt. 5th New York Heavy Artillery, 24 Bat- talion, Maj. Caspar Urban. 116th Ohio, Lient. Col. Thomas F. XYikles. 1234 Ohio, Capt. John W. Chamberlin. Third Brioade. Second Brigade. Lient. Col. ROBERT S. NORTHOOTT. 1st West Virginia, Lient. Col. Jacob Weddle. 4th West Virginia, Capt. Benjamin D. Boswell. 12th West Virginia, Capt. Erastus G. Bartlett. Col. THOMAS M. HARRIS. 23d Illinois (battalion), Capt. Samuel A. Simison. 54th Pennsylvania: Lient. Col. John P. Linton. Maj. Enoch D. Yntzy. 10th West Virginia, Maj. Henry H. Withers. 11th West Virginia, Lient. Col. Van H. Bukey. 15th West Virginia, Maj. John W. Holliday. SECOND DIVISION. Col. ISAAC H. DUVAL. Col. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. Fnst Brigade. Col. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. Col. HIRAM F. DEVOL. 23d Ohio, Lient. Col. James M. Comly. 36th Ohio: Col. Hiram F. Devol. Lient. Col. William H. G.Adney. 5th West Virginia (battalion), Lient. Col. William H. Enoehs. 13th West Virginia, Col. William R. Brown. Second Brigade. Col. DANIEL D. .JOILNSON. Lient. Col. BENJAMIN F. COATES. 34th Ohio (battalion), Lient. Col. Lnther Furney. 91st Ohio: F Lient. Col. Benjamin F. Coates. Maj. Lemuel Z. Cadot. 9th West Virginia, Maj. Benjamin M. Skinner. 14th West Vir~rinia, Lient. Col. George XV. Taggart. ARTILLERY BlIIGAI)E. Capt. HENRY A. Du PONT. 1st Ohio Light, Battery L, Capt. Frank C. Gibbs. 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery 1), Lient. William Munk. 5th United States, Battery B, Capt. Henry A. Du Pont. CAVALRY. Bvt. Maj. Gen. ALFRED T. A. TORREnT. ESCORT. 1st Rhode Island, Maj. XVilliam H. Turner, jr. ~Gnarding. trains, ~n4 not engaged in the battle. 11 Page 111 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WESLEY MERRITT. Brig. Gen. GEORGE A. CUSTER. 1st Michigan, Col. Peter Stagg. 5th Michigan, Maj. Smith H. Hastings. 6th Michigan, Col. James H. Kidd. 7th Michigan, Maj. Melvin Brewer. 25th New York, Maj. Charles J. Seymour. Bvt. Brig~. Gen. THOMAS C. DEVIN. 4th New York: Maj. August Haurand. Maj. Edward Schwartz. 6th New York, Maj. William E. Beards- Icy. 9th New York, Licut. Col. George S. Nichols. 19th New York (1st Dragoons), Col. Alfred Gibbs. 17th Pennsylvania, Maj. Coe Durland. Beserre Brigade. Col. CHARLES R. LOWELL, Jr. 2d Massachusetts, Lient. Col. Casper Crowninshield. 6th Pennsylvania, Ma~j. Charles L. Leiper. 1st United States, Capt. Eugene M. Baker. 2d United States: Capt. Theophilus F. Rodenbough. Capt. Robert S. Smith. 5th United States, Lient. Gustavus lTrban. SECOND DLVISJON.I Bvt. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM W. AVERELL. En8t Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. JAMES M. SCHOONMAKER. 8th Ohio (detachment), Col. Aipheus S. Moore. 14th Pennsylvania: Capt. Ashbell F. Duncan. Capt. William W. Miles. 22d Pennsylvania. Lient. Col. Andrew J. Greentleld. Col. HENRY CAPEHART. 1st New York, Maj. Timothy Quinn. 1st West Virginia, Maj. Harvey Farabee. 2d West Virginia, Lient. Col. John J. Hoffman. 3d West Virginia, Maj. John S. Witeher. Artillery. 5th United States, Battery L, Licut. Gulian V. Weir. THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES ii. WILSON. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOHN B. MCINTOSH. Licut. Col. GEORGE A. PURINGTON. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE H. CHAPMAN. 1st Connecticut, Maj. Geor~e 0. Marcy. 3d New Jersey, Maj. William P. Robe- son, jr. 2d New York, Capt. Walter C. Hull. 5th New York, Maj. Abram H. Krom. 2d Ohio: Licut. Col. George A. Pnrington. Maj. A. Bayar4 Nettleton. 18th Pennsylvania: Lient. Col. William P. Brinton. Maj. John W. Phillips. *At Pleasant Valley, Md., and not engaged in the battle. From Department of West Virginia. 3d Indiana (two companies), Licut. Benjamin F. Gilbert. 1st New Hampshire (battalion), Col. John L. Thompson. 8th New York, Licut. Col. William H. Benjamin. 22d New York, Maj. Caleb Moore. 1st Vermont, Col. William Wells. CHAP. LV.J First Brigade. 111 Second Brigade Page 112 [CHAP. LM OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. hORSE ARTILLElIM. Capt. LA RIIETT L. LIVINGSTON. New York Light. 6th Battery,~ Capt. Joseph W. Martin. 1st United States. Batteries K and L, Lient. Franek E. Taylor. 2(1 United States, Batteries 13 and L, Capt. Charles H. Peirce. 2(1 Inited States, Battery 1), Lieut. Edward B. Williston. 2(1 United States, l3attery M,t Lient. Cane A. Woodtnft. 3d Inited States, Batteries C, F, and K, t Capt. Dnnhar U. Ransom. 4th United States, Batteries C and E,t Lieut. Terrenee Reilly No. 4. Return of Casualties in, the Union forces, commanded by Maj. (len. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. f~niy. at the battle of Winchester (or the Opequon Va., eSeptember 19. [Compiled from nominal lists of casualties, returns, & c.] Killed. 55 Ond(.d. Captured or missing. I Couimaud. , S C C FIRST nIVISION. Staff 1 2 First B~ipade. Maj. Geu. HoRATIO G. WRIORT. Brig. Gen. DAVIn A. h1uss~LLj Brig. Gen. EMORY lIPToN. I Col. OLIVER EnwAnus. Eleut. Col. EnwARn L. CAMPBELl.. 4th New Jersey 2 10th New Jersey . 1 3 11th New Jersey 4 1 Total First Brigade . 7 4 Second Brigede. Bric~. Cell. Enonv UPTON. Col. JOsEPH F. ITAMIlLIN. 2(1 Connecticut Heavy Artillery 10 65th New York 121st New York Total Second RnLade 95 11 Third Brigade. :17th Massachtlsetts 7 49th Pennsylvania 1 10 2 82d Pennsylvania 2 119th Pennsylvania 2 2 2d Rhode Isla. d (battalioni 5th Wisconsin (battalion) 4 1 Total Third Brigade 1 II; 11 Col. OLIvER EnwAnus. Col. IsAAc C. BAssET;. I 19 1 11: I 4:3 7 73 9 108 26 12 140 22 16 15 93 118 32 15 181 72 91 l1~ 44 62 19, 23 6 6 17 12...... 193 243 Total First Division 5 67 31 412 1 9 524 At Sandy Hook, Md., and not engageti in the ilattle. t Killed. At Pleasant Valley, Md., alid not engaged in the hattie. ~ Wounded. 112 SIXTH ARMY CORPS Page 113 CRAP. Lv.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 113 t?el?Iril of Casualties in the Union forces, 4~c.Coiatinued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. ___ of a a n so a s a ~ a ~ I _________________________ _________________ ____________________________ SECOND DIVISION. Bri~,. Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. FRANK WREATON. 62d New York 2 2 4 93d Pennsylvania 7 4 28 39 98th Pennsylvania 1 3 4 18 4 30 102d Pennsylvania 7 2 49 4 62 139th Pennsylvania 3 2 35 40 Total First Brigade 1 20 14 132 8 175 Second Brigade. Cal. JAMES M. WARNER. Lieut. Cal. AMASA S. TRACY.* 2d Vermont 3 29 1 33 3d Vermont 2 24 3 29 4th Vermont 1 1 14 16 5th Vermont 6 1 21 28 6th Vermont . 5 2 43 50 11th Vermont (1st Heavy Artillery) I 2 6 5 80 6 99 Total Second Brigade 2 21 11 211 10 255 Third Brigade Brie. Gen. DANIEL D. BIDWELL. 7thMaine 1 17 18 43d New York 49th New York (battalion) 1 ~ 8 1 1 9 31 77th New York 122(1 NewYork 2 4 34 2 42 1 ~ 34 61st Pennsylvania (battalion) 1 .............K~ 16 Total Third Brigade o 13 102 2 129 _______________ ________________________________ I ____________________________________________________________ Total Second Division 650 18 445, 20 ~ 559 TRIED DIVISION. Brig. Gen. lAnEs B. RICEETTS. First Briciade. Cal. WILLIAM EMERSON. 14th NewJersey 2 4 6 50 62 106th New York 6 2 43 3 54 151st New York 3 2 12 17 87th Pennsylvania 7 4 43 54 10th Vermont 1 10 3 50 1 65 Total First Brigade .1 30 17 198 4 252 Second Brig de. ___ Cal. J. WARREN KEIFER. 6th Maryland 1 6 97 3 42 9th New York ileavy Artillery 6 2 42 110th Ohio 43~ 55 6 5 48~ 1 1 60 128th Ohio 37 2 54 67th Pennsylvania I 138th Pennaylvania 9 28 4 41 3 41 44 3 54 Total Second Brigade 4 46 24 261 13 348 Total Third 1)ivision 7 6 41 4a9 I 17t 600 ~uperiutended It portiora ol the line. 8 R HVOL XLJII, PT Page 114 114 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, 4-c.Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or roissilig. a a Command. a F. a g a a 512 a a ~ a se C ~ O:~ C ~ ARTILLERY BRIGADE. Col. CHARLES H. TOMPKINS. Maine Light, 5th Battery (F) Ndw York Light, 1st. Battery 1st Rhode Island Li~ht, Battery C Total Artillery Brigade Total Sixth Army Corps NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. Bvr. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM H. EMORY. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM DWIGHT. First Brigade. Col. GEORGE L. BEAL. 29th Maine 10th Massachusetts 114th New York 116th New York 153d New York Total First Brigade Secood Brigude. Brig. Gen. JAMES W. McMILLAN. 12th Connecticut 3 160th New York5 47th Pennsylvania 8th Vermont Total Second Brigade S Total First Division 7 SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. CUVIER GROVER. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. HENRY W. BIRGE. 9th Connecticut 12th Maine 2 14th Maine 1 26th Massachusetts 14th New Hampshire 75th New York Total First Brigade 7 1 1 193 111 6 S 4 15 1,331 46 Secossd Brigade. Col. EDWARD L. MOLINEUX. 18 1 23 24 1 4 17 22 1 20 8 156 . 185 9 39 48 10 4 55 69 2 43 13 290 348 7 13 1 9 3 30 6 73 19 57 58 8 28 151. 441 1 77 46 69~ 2 79 41 1 313 3 12 6 6 ti 38 11 27 9 17 4 100 36 13th Connecticut I) iltil Indiana 22d Iowa 1 9 3d Massachusetts Cavalry (di sInounted) 131st New York 159th New York Total Second Brigade a Non-veterans of 90th New York temporarily att died. 1 2 2 15 3 19 19 10 66 39 2 30 56 1 3 63 31 84 46 1 19 341 4 8.1 [CHAP. LV. 6 6 4 16 1, 699 A 71 77 9 37 194 542 1 112 62 139 138 73 525 77 70 105 106 74 51) Page 115 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 115 Return of Ca8ualties in the Union forces, 4c.Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or nussing. Command. ______________ Q ~ ~ 0 ~ Third Brigede. Col. JACOB SHARPE. Lieut. Col. ALFRED NEAFIE. 38th Massachusetts 8 l28thNewYork 6 S 156th New York 20 3 l76thNew York 3 Total Third Brigade Fourth Br ade. Col. DAVID SHUNE. 8th Indiana 18th Indiana 24th Iowa 28th Iowa Total Fourth Brigade Artiflery. Maine Light, lstBattery (A) Total Second Division 15 RESERVE ARTILLERY. K Capt. ELIJAH B. TAFT. Indiana Light, 17th Battery 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery D . I _____ Total Reserve Artillery ____ Total NineteentJI Army Corps ____ - ___ ____ ARMY OF WEST VIRGINIA. Bvt. Maj. Gen. GEORGE CROOK. FIRST DIVISION. Col. JOSEPH THOBURN. Staff FirstBr4gede _____ I ____ Col. GEORGE D. WELLS. 34th Massachusetts 1 s o 5th New York Heavy Artillery, 2d Battalion 11 1 116th Ohio 4 1 123d Ohio 5 3 Total First Brigade 1 26 11 Third Brigade. Col. THOMAS M. HARRIS. 23d Illinois (hattalion) 3 54th Pennsylvania 6 4 10th West Virginia 2 15 I 1 11th West Virginia 1 2 15th West Virginia 2 Total Third Brigade 3 37 7 Total First Division 4 t 63 44 46 88 31) 8 9 63 57 111 47 39 14 208 17 278 2 5 2 9 1 5 1 31 ~ 38 1 9 4 53 8 75 1 9 8 48 21 87 3 25 13 137 31 209 2 1 5 8 219 85 1,004 7 197 1,527 1 4 4 .) 22 292 104 1,450 7 199 2,074 2 90 31 29 39 189 2 102 I II~I 43 34 45 227 I 19 22 4 I 49 2i 97 18 21 36 49 1831 6~ 238 ,~~ ~ I 3761 6j 46 Page 116 116 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Return of Casualties in the Union. forces, 4c.Continued. Command. SECOND DIVISION. Col. ISAAC H. DUvAL.* Col. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. Staff First Brigade. Col. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. Col. HIRAM F. DEvOL. Cal. DANIEL U JOHNSON.~ Lieut. Cal. BENJAMIN F. COATES. 0 Killed. Wonnded. ~ 23d Ohio 3 36th Ohio 5th West Virginia (battalion) 4 13th West Vir~inia 1 1 Total Fh~st Brigade 1 12 Captnied or missing. a a ~ 1 4 1 1 2 8 Seceed Brigade. 14th Ohio (battalion) 1 91st Ohio 11 ~ 9th West Virginia 14th West Virginia 1 Total Second Brigade 1 23 7 Total Second Division 2 35 16 39 32 21 I 21 113 36 90 16 18 160 273 46 37 1 27 25 1 135 1 Total Army of West Virginia 6 CAVALRY. Bvt. Maj. Gen. ALFRED T. A. TORHERT. FIRST.DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WESLEY MERRITT. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE A. CUSTER. 1st Michigan 5th Michigan 6th Michigan 7th Michvan 25th New ~ork Total First Brigade.. Second Beigade. 98 34 649 I 7 794 6 3 30 39 1 4 2 15 2 24 2 1 15 2 20 3 18 2 23 1 3 3~ 7 1 16 6 81 9 113 Bvt. Brig. Gen. THOMAS C. DEVIN. 4th New York 1 6thNewYork 1 2 2 OthNewYork 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 19th New York (1st Dragoolls) I 17th Pennsylvania Total Second Brigade I 3 5 1 7 12 1 3 7 6 331 I 4 4.j 1~ 42 2~ 13 17 18 19 13 5 72 Wounded. [CHAP, LV. cI IL IL IL 1 47 106 18 20 191 32 Page 117 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAiGN. Return of Casualtiea in the Union forces, ~c.Continued. Killed. Wounded. Command. Reserve Brigade. Col. CHARLES H. LOWELL, Jr. Staff 2d Massachusetts 1st United States 2d United States 5th United States Total Reserve Brigade Total First Division SECOND DIVISION,* Bvt. Maj. Gen. WILI,IAM W. AVERELL. First Brigade. Col. JAMES 1sf. SCHOONMAKER. 8th Ohio (detachment) 14th Pennsylvania 22d Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Col. HENRY CAPEHART. 1st New York 1st West Virginia 2d West Virginia 3d West Virginia Total Second Brigade Total Second Division THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES II. WILSON. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOHN B. MCINTOSH.) Lient. Col. GEORGE A. PUHINGYON. Staff 1st Connecticut 3d New Jersey 2d NewYork 5th New York 2d Ohio 18th Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE H. CHAPMAN. 1 1 3 4 1 4 1 3 1 2 3 8 13 17 9 Capt ure(l or missing. 0 1 1 6 7 12 I 20 24 29 29 2 12 10 47 2 30 103 6 33 23 170 4 52 288 2 1 3 1 1 11! 1 14 I ii 2 3 2 12 2 19 4 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 10 2 16 1 6 2 22 4 35 1 4 1 7 17 Staff 3d Indiana (2 companies) 8th New York 2 22d NewYork 2 1st Verlnont 1 1 6 1 12 1~ 13 12 1 50 1. 1 4 5 j 8 11 1 1 3 1 2 15 2 I 3. 21 7 17 18 20 87 1 3 6 7 9 Total Second Brigade 1 5~ 18 2 26 Total Third Division Y 2. 17~ 113 681 From Department of West Virginia. t Wounded. 4 4 4 4 CHAP. LV.] 11 Page 118 118 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, ~e.Continued. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. ,,~ u be 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 HORSE ARTILLERY. Capt. LA RHEYT L. LIvINOSTON. 1st United States, Batteries K and L 5 5 10 2d United States, Batteries B and L Total Horse Artillery I -~ 15 Total Cavalry 7 61 29 275 6 73 451 RECAPITULATION. SiEth Army Corps 18 193 111 1, 331 46 Nineteenth Army Corps 22 292 104 1. 450 7 199 Army of West Virginia 6 98 14 649 7 794 Cavalry 7~ 61 29 275 6 Grand totaP 51 644 278 1, 705 13 325 5, 018 OFFiCERS KILLED OR MORTALLY WOUNDED. CONNECTICUT. Maj. James Q. Rice, 2(1 Heavy Artillery. Lient. William H. Cogswell, 2d Heavy Capt. Frederick M. Berry, 2d Heavy Ar- Artillery. tillery. Lieut. Col. Frank H. Peck, 12th Infantry. Lieut. Franklin J. Candee, 2d Heavy Ar- Lieut. William S. Bulkicy, 12th Infantry. tillery. Lient. George W. Steadman, 12th Infan- Lient. James P. McCabe, 2(1 Heavy Artil- try. lery. Lient. Horace Hubbard, 2d Heavy Artil- lery. INDIANA. Lieut. William S. Mullen, 11th Infantry. i Capt. Silas A. Wadsworth, 18th Infantry. IOWA. Capt. David J. Davis, 224 Infantry. Lieut. Sylvester S. Dillman, 24th Infan- Capt. Benjamin D. Parks, 224 Infantry, try. Lieut. James A. Boarts, 224 Infantry. Capt. John B. Palmer, 28th Infantry. Capt. Joseph R. Gould, 24th Infantry. I Capt. Scott Houseworth, 28th Infantry. MAINE. Lient. Benjaniin F. Bicknell, 7th Intan- Lient. William Jackman, 14th Infantry. try. Lieut. Ajalon Godwia, 14th Infantry. Capt. Daniel M. Phillips, 12th Infantry. Maj. William Knowlton, 29th Infantry. Capt. Samuel F. Thompson, 12th Infan- I try Page 119 CHAP. LV.] TIlE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 119 Return of Casualties in the Union forces, 4c.Continued. MARYLAND. Lieut. William H. Burns, 6th Infantry. MASSACHUSETTS. Lient. Jasper F. Glidden, 3d Cavalry. Lieut. John P. Haley, 30th Infantry. L1~ut. John F. Poole, 3d Cavalry. Capt. George W. Thompson, 34th Infan- Maj. Eusebius S. Clark, 26th Infantry. try. Capt. Enos W. Thayer, 26th Infantry. j Lient. Charles S. Bardwell, 37th Infantry. MICHIGAN. Maj. Melvin Brewer, 1st Cavalry. Capt. William 0. North, 5th Cavalry. Lient. Albert T. Jackson, 1st Cavalry. NEW hAMPShIRE. Col. Alexander Cardiner, 14th Infantry. Licut. Jesse A. Fisk, 14th Infantry. Capt. William H. ChallIn, 14th Infantry. Lient. George H. Stone, 14th lnfantry. Capt. William A. Fosgate, 14th Infantry. Lient. Artemas B. Colburn, 14th Infantry. Licut. Henry S. Panl, 14th Infantry. Lieut. Moulton S. Webster, 14th Infantry. NEW JERSEY. Maj. Peter Yredenbnrgh, jr., 14th Infantry. I Lient. Theodore J. Green, 14th Infantry. NEW YORK. Capt. Raymond L. Wright, 6th Cavalry. Lieut. Edward F. Breed, 114th Infantry. Capt. Conway W. Ayres, 9th Cavalry. Licut. John V. Sims, 122d Infantry. Capt. Alexander K. Thorp, 19th Cavalry Capt. Jacob C. Mock, 153d Infantry. (1st Dragoons). i Lieut. Herman Smith, 159th Infantry. Lient. William H. Johnson, 1st Battery. Capt. Sir N. Dexter, 160th Infantry. Lient. John B. Carter, 43(1 Infantry. Lient, B. Frank Maxson, 160th Intiintry. Lient. Col. Willoughby Babcock, 75th Infantry. OHIO. Lieut. James M. Lough, 2c1 Cavalry. Lient. Col. Aaron W. Ebright, 126th In. Lient. Asa B. Carter, 34th Infantry. fantry. Capt. Alexander Trimble, 110th Infantry. Capt. Thomas J. Hyatt, 126th lufantry. Lieut. Joshua S. Deeter, 110th Infantry. Lient. Rufus Ricksecker, 126th Infantry. PENNSYLVANIA. Capt. Ashbell F. Duncan, 14th Cavalry. Lient. John Heppler, 98th Infantry. Lieut. Joseph W. Wallace, 49th Infantry. U. S. ARMY. Capt. James F. MeQuesten, 2d Cavalry. Licut. John Trevor, 5th Cavalry. Lient. Richard Fitzgerald, 5th Cavalry. I U. S. VOLUNTEERS. Brig. Gen. David A. Russell. VERMONT. Capt. Charles Buxton, 1st Heavy Artil- I M j. Edwin Dillingham, 10th Infantry. lery. Licut. Daniel G. Hill, 10th Infantry. Lieut. Dennis Duhigg, 1st Heavy Artil- lery. Liout. Ransom W. Towle, 4th Infantry. WEST VIRGINIA. Lient. Sylvester W. Donley, 1st Cavalry. Lieut. Charles W. Kirby, 11th Infantry. Capt. James M. Ewing, 10th Infantry. Capt. Greenbury Slack, 13th Infantry. Lieut. Charles B. McCollum, 10th In- Lient. Lovel C. Ray burn, 13th Infantry. fantry Page 120 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CIIAc. LV No. ~. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by MaJ. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, at Fishers ilull, Va., September 2122. [Compiled from nominal lists of casualties, returns, & c. I Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. a a Command. - I a . a . a u a c a a a ~ a b~ ~ 0 ~ 0 GENERAL HEADQUARTERS. ESCORT. 6th U. S. Cavalry SIXTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. HORATIO C. WRIORT. ESCORT. 1st Michigan Cavalry, Company G FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. FRANK WHEATON. First Brigade. Lient. Col. EDWARD L. CAMPBELL. 4th New Jersey 10th New Jersey 15th New Jersey Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Col. JOSEPH E. HAMBLIN. 2d Connecticut Heavy Artillery 65th New York 121st New York 95th and 96th Pennsylvania Total Second Brigade Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. First Brigade. Col. JAMES M. WARNER. 62d New York 93d Pennsylvania 98th Pennsylvania 102d Pennsylvania 139th Pennsylvania Total First Brigade .~ 1 2 1 4 2 2 2 1 5 8 2~ 4 7 1 14 18 20 1 .::::: 5 I 2 2 ~1 3 25 28 5 4 32~ 1 42 8 8 1 12 13 4 4 2 14 1 17 2 4 20 26 2t 7~......1 68 Second Brigade. Col. GEORGE P. FOSTER. 2d Vermont 3d Vermont 5th Vermont 1 6th Vermont 11th Vermont (1st Heavy Artillery) I 1 2 3 1 3 3 1 3 Total Second Brigade 2 1 71 I I 19 12 Page 121 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. I?eterK of Ca~ealties in the Union forces, 4c.Continued. Killed. Command. V . ~ a a fFIird Brigade. Brig. Gen. DANIEL D. BIDWELL. 7th Maine 2 43d New York (battalion) -:: 2 49th New York (battalion) 77th New York 1 1 122d NewYork 1 61st Pennsylvania (battalion) Total Third Brigade Total Second Division THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES B. RICKETTS. First Brigade. Col. WILLIAM EMERSON. 14th New Jersey 106th New York 151st New York 87th Pennsylvania 10th Yermont Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Col. J. WARREN KEIFER. 6th Maryland 110th Ohio 122d Ohio 126th Ohio 67th Pennsylvania 138th Pennsylvania Total Second Brigade 8 12 Wounded. Captnred or missing. 1 11 0 ~ 1 3 3 3, 11 2, 25 90 5 3 5 12 4 36 114 1 3 3 1 2 3 1 1 1 3 4 1 1 7 9 2 2 20 10. 10 3 1 4 6 1 24 1 32 7 7 1 3 4 8 1 51 1 61 Total Third Division 10 3 67 1 81 Total Sixth Army Corps 27 NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. ARTILLERY BRIGADE. Col. CHARLES H. TOMPKINS. Maine Light, 5th Battery (E) Massachusetts Light, 1st Battery (A) . New York Light, 1st Battery . ... 1K - 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery C 1st Rhode Island Li,,ht, Battery G Total Artillery Brigade 18 Bvt. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM H. EMORY. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM DWIGHT. First Brigade. Col. GEORGE L. BEAL. 29th Maine . 30th Massachusetts 3 I 114th New York 116th New York 1 153d New York 1 1 1 190 3 1 238 1 4 6 9 10 3 3 Total First Brigade ~ 21 26 CHAP. LV.] 12 Page 122 122 OPERATIONS IN N. YA., W. YA., MD., AND PA. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, 4~c.Continued. Command. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES W. MCMILLAN. 12th Connecticut 160th New York* 47th Pennsylvania 8th Vermont Total Second Brigade Artillery. New York Light, 5th Battery Total First Division SECOND nivisio.. Brig. Gen. CUVIER GROVER. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. HENRY W. BIRGE. Killed. Wounded. 0 . 0 o ~ S 5 1 4 2 2 I 5 Captured or missing. S IC 11) IC 27 9th Connecticut 3 12th Maine -: 14th Maine 26th Massachusetts 14th New Hampshire 5th New York .~ Total First Brigade 3 Second Brigade. Col. EDWARD L. MOLINEUX. 13th Connecticut 2 11th Indiana 2 8 22d Iowa 3d Massachusetts Cavalry (dismounted) 2 1 131st NewYork 1 159th New York Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Col. DANIEL MAcAULEX. 16 38th Massachusetts 1 2 128th New York 2 C 156th New York ...i............ 4 175th New York (thiiee companies) ~ 176th New York Total Third Brigade 4 13 Fourth Brigade. Col. DAVID SHUNE. 8th Indiana 18th Indiana 2 24th Iowa 1 28th Iowa _____ Total Fourth Brigade K...... I * Non-veterans of 90th New York temporarily attached. 2 4 6 1 33 10 13 ii 1 2 11 1 15 ..j 4 3 1 12 12 1 4 5 14 20 20 4 [CHAP. LV Page 123 123 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, ~-c.Continued. Q Killed. Wonnded. Command. Art itlery. Maine Light, 1st Battery (A) Total Second Division RESERVE ARTILLERY. Capt. ELIJAH ID. TAFT Indiana Light, 17th Battery .... 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery D. Total Nineteenth Army Corps ARMY OF WEST VIRGINIA. Bvt. Maj. Gen. GEORGE CROOK. FIRST DIVISION. Col. JOSEPH THOHURN. First Brigade. Col. GEORGE ID. WELLS. 14th Massachnsetts 5th New York Heavy Artillery, 2d Battalion... 116th Ohio 123d Ohio Total First Brigade Third Brigade. Col. THOMAS M. HARRIS. 23d Illinois (battalion) 54th Pennsylvania 10th West Virginia 11th West Virginia 15th West Virginia Total Third Brigade Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. Col. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. First Brigade. Col. HIRAM F. DEVOL. 23d Ohio 16th Ohio 5th West Virginia (battalion) 11th West Virginia Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Lient. Col. BENJAMIN F. COATES. 34th Ohio (battalion) 91st Ohio 9th West Virginia 14th West Virginia Total Second Brigade Total Second Division 1 6 8 Captnred or missing. 0 11 1 54 13 81 15 5 51 13 114 18 18 4 4 1 8 9 7 7 1 17 18 9 9 1 6 7 10 10 1 5 1 10 5- 2 18 1 41 1 2 75 1 79 1.1 7 9 5 5 3 1 1 5 12 2 4 23 29 2 9 11 15 1 16 1 2 10 11 1 2 10 14 4 4 44 1 54 67 1 83 CHAP. LV. Page 124 124 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AIW PA. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, 4~c.Continue.d. Command. ARTILLERY BRIGADE. Capt. HENRY A. Du PONT. 1st Ohio Light, Battery L 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery D 5th United States, Battery B Total Army of West Virginia CAVALRY. SECOND DIVISION. * Bvt. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM W. AvERELL. First Brigade. Col. JAMES M. SCHOONMAKER. Killed. Wounded. 0 1 7 10 8th OlIio (detachment) 14th Pennsylvania 22d Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Secend. Brigade. Col. HENRY CAPEHART. 1st New York 1st West Virginia 2d West Virginia 3d West Virginia Total Second Brigade Artillery. 5th United States, Battery L Total Second Division 2 I. Captured or missing. LO n II a ~e 0 142 . 2 1 1 2 2 4 I 9~ 2 11~ 1 RECAPITULATION. 2 2 190 Sixth Army Corps .. .- 1St 3 238 Nineteenth Arln~ Corps .. ...... I 15 5 81 11 114 Army of West Virginia 1 7 10 142 2 162 Cavalry 2 11 1114 Grand total 1 51 13 424 19 528 FYom Department of West Virginia. Officers killed or mortally woundedCapt. Samuel Parker, 106th New York; Capt. Jacob Brower, 934 Pennsylvania; Lients. William P. Greene and Robert N. Hess, 14th West Virginia. [CHAP. LV. 162 1 1 2 2 4 6 12 1 Page 125 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 125 No. 6. Organization of the Uniou~ foree8, commanded by Miaj. & ~en. Philip H. ASileridan, U. ~. Army, at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19. ARMY OF THE SHENANDOA [I. Maj. Gen. HORATIO G. WRIGHT. ESCORT. 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry (detachment), Maj. Weidner H. Spera. 6th U. S. Cavalry, Capt. Ira W. Claflin. SIXTH ARMY CORPS. Brig, Gen.. JAMES B. RICKETTS. Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. Maj. Gen. HORATIO G. WRIGHT. ESCORT. let Michigan Cavalry, Company G, Lient. William H. Wheeler. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. FRANK WHEATON. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. WILLIAM H. PENROSE. Col. JOSEPH E. HAMBLIN. Lient. Col. EDWARD L. CAMPBELL. Col. RANALD S. MACKENZIE. Capt. BALDWiN HUFTY. Licut. Col. EGBERT OLCOTT. 4th New Jersey, Capt. Baldwin Hufty. 2d Connecticut Heavy Artillery: 10th New Jersey: I Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie. Maj. Lambert Boeman. Maj. Edward W. Jones. Capt. Charles D. Claypool. 65th New York: 15th New Jersey: Lient. Col. Thomas H. Higin Lieut.Col. EdwardL. Campbell. botham. Capt. James W. Penrose. Capt. Henry C. Fisk. 121st New York: Lieut. Col. Egbert Olcott. Capt. Daniel D. Jackson. 95th Pennsylvania,) 96th Pennsylvania, ~ Capt.John Harper. Third Brigade.t Col. OLIVER EDWARDS. 37th Massachusetts, Lieut. Col. George L. Montague. 49th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. Baynton J. Hickman. 52d PennsylvaRla, Col. Isaac C. Bassett. 119th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. Gideon Clark. 2d Rhode Island (battalion), Capt. Elisha H. Rhodes. 5th Wisconsin (battalion), Maj. Charles W. Kempf. 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Maj. Coc Durland. * Commanded during General Sheridans temporary absence in the early part of the battle. I At Winchester, Va., and not engaged in the battle Page 126 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. Brig. Gen. LEWIS A. GRANT. Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. First Brigade. CoL JAMES M. WARNER. 62d New York, Lieut. Col. Theodore B. Hamilton. 93d Pennsylvania, Capt. David C. Keller. 98th Pennsylvania: Lieut. Col. John B. Koliler. Capt. Gottfried Baner. 102d Pennsylvania: Maj. James H. Coleman. Capt. James Patchell. 139th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. John G. Parr. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. LEwis A. GRANT. Lient. Col. AMASA S. TRACY. Brig. Gen. LEWIS A. GRANT. 2(1 Vermont: Lieut. Col. Amasa S. Tracy. Capt. Elijah Wales. Lieut. Col. Amasa S. Tracy. 3d Vermont (battalion), Maj. Horace W. Floyd. 4th Vermont: Maj. Horace W. Floyd. Col. George P. Foster.* 5th Vermont, Maj. Enoch E. Johnson. 6th Vermont (battalion): Capt. Edwin R. Kinney. Capt. William J. Sperry. 11th Vermont (1st Heavy Artillery), Lient. Col. Charles Hunsdon. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. DANIEL D. BIDWELL. Lient. Col. WINSOR B. FRENCH. 1st Maine (Veteran), Maj. Stephen C. Fletcher. 43d New York (battalion), Maj. Charles A. Milliken. 49th New York (battalion), Lient. Col. Erastus Th Holt. 77th New York, Lient. Col. Winsor B. French. 122d New York: Lient. Cdl. Angustns W. Dwight. Maj. Jabez M. Brower. 61st Pennsylvania (battalion), Capt. David J. Taylor. THIRD DiVISION. Col. J. WARREN KEIFER. First Brigade. Col. WILLIAM EMERSON. 14th New Jersey, Capt. Jacob J. Jane- way. - 106th New York: Capt. Alvah W. Briggs. Capt. Peter Robertson. 151st New York: Capt. Browning N. Wiles. Capt. Hiram A. Kimball. 184th New York (battalion), Maj. Will- iam D. Ferguson. 87th Pennsylvania (battalion): Capt. Edgar M. Rnhl. Capt. John A. Saisbary. 10th Vermont: Col. William W. Henry. Capt. Henry H. Dewey. Second Brigade. Col. WILLIAM H. BALL. 6th Maryland, Maj. Joseph C. Hill. 9th New York Heavy Artillery, Maj. James W. Snyder. 110th Ohio, Lieul. Col. Otho H. Binkley. 122d Ohio, Lient. Col. Moses M. Granger. 126th Ohio: Maj. George W. Voorhes. Capt. George W. Hoge. 67th Pennsylvania, Lient. John F. Young. 138th Pennsylvania, Maj. Lewis A. May. Corps officer of the day at the beginning of the battle; later rejoined brigade and commanded the left of its line. 126 [CHA1~. LV Page 127 CnAI~. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 127 ARTILLERY BRIGADE. Col. ChARLES H. TOMPKINS. Maine Light, 5th Battery (E), Capt. Greenleaf T. Stevens. New York Light, 1st Battery, Lieut. Orsamus R. Van Etten. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery C, Lieut. Jacob H. Lamb. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery G, Capt. George W. Adams. 5th United States, Battery NI, Capt. James McKnight. NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. Bvt. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM Ii. Ei~ioiiy. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES W. MCMILLAN. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM DWIGHT. First Brigade. Col. EDWIN P. DAVIS. 29th Maine, Maj. George H. Nye. C apt. Alfred L. Turner. 30th Massachusetts, Capt. Samuel D. Shipley. 90th New York, Lient. Col. Nelson Shaurman. ~Capt. Honore De La Paturelle. 114th New York, Licut. Col. Henry B. Morse. 116th New York, Col. George M. Love. 153d New York, Licut. Col. Alexander Strain. ~Capt. George H. McLaughlin. Second Brigade. Col. STEPhEN THOMAS. Brig. Gen. JAMES W. MCMILLAN. 12th Connecticut, Lieut. Col. George N. Lewis. 160th New York, Capt. Henry P. Underhill. 47th Pennsylvania, Maj. J. P. Shindel Gobin. (Maj. John B. Mead. 8th Vermont, Capt. Moses McFarland. (Col. Stephen Thomas. Third Brigadef~ Col. LEONARD D. H. CURRIE. 30th Maine, Col. Thomas H. Hubbard. 133d New York, Maj. Anthony J. Allaire. 162d New York, Col. Justus W. Blanchard. 165th New York (six companies), Lient. Col. Gouverneur Carr. 173d New York, Maj. George W. Rogers. Artillery. New York Light, 5th Battery, Capt. Elijah D. Taft. Guarding wagon trains, and not engaged in the battle Page 128 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (OHAP. LV. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gem CUVIER GROVER. Brig. Gen. HENRY W. BIRGE. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. HENRY W. BIRGE. Col. THOMAS W. PORTER. 9th Connecticut (battalion), Capt. John G. Healy. 12th Maine, Lieut. Col. Edwin lisley. 14th Maine: Col. Thomas W. Porter. Capt. John K.. Laing. 26th Massachnsetts (battalion), Aeut. John S. Cooke. 14th New Hampshire: Capt. Theodore A. Ripley. Capt. Oliver H. Marston. 75th New York, Maj. Benjamin F. Thur- ber. Second Brigade. Col. EDWARD L. MOLINEUX. 13th Connecticut, Col. Charles D. Blinn. 11th Indiana, Lient. Col. William W. Darnall. 22d Iowa, Col. Harvey Graham. 3d Massachusetts Cavalry (dis- mounted), Col. Lorenzo D. Sar- gent. 131st New York, Col. Nicholas W. Day. 159th New York, Lient. Col. William Waltermire. Third Brigade. Col. DANiEL MACAULEY. Lient. Col. ALFRED NEAFIE. 38th Massachusetts, Maj. Charles F. Allen. 128th New York, Capt. Charles H. Ander- sOIL. 156th New York: Lieut. Col. Alfred Neafie. Capt. Alfred Cooley. 175th New York (battalion), Capt.Charles McCarthey. 176th New York, Maj. Charles Lewis. Fourth Brigade. Col. DAVID SHUNK. 8th Indiana: Lieut. Col. Alexander J. Kenny. Maj. John R. Polk. 1~th Indiana, Lient. Col. William S. Charles. 24th Iowa: Lient. Col. John Q. Wilds Capt. Leander Clark. Maj. Edward Wright. 28th Iowa: Lient. Col. Bartholomew W. Wilson. Ma.j. John Meyer. Artillery. Maine Light, 1st Battery (A): Lient. Eben D. Haley. Lient. John S. Snow. RESERVE ARTILLERY. Maj. ALBERT W. BRADBURY. Indiana Light, 17th Battery, Lieut. Hezekiah Hinkson. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery D, Lieut. Frederick Chase. ARMY OF WEST VIRGINIA. Bvt. Maj. G~n. GEORGE CROOK. FIRST DIViSION. Col. JOSEPH THOBURN. Col. THOMAS M. HARRiS. First Brigade. Lient. Col. THOMAS F. WILDES. 34th Massachusetts, Capt. Andrew Pot ter. 5th New York Heavy Artillery, 2d Battalion, Capt. Frederick C. Wilkie. 116th Ohio: Capt. Wilbert B. Teters. Capt. John Hull. 123d Ohio, Maj. Horacc Kellogg. Second Brigade.~ Col. WILLIAM,B. CURTIS. 1st West Virginia, Lient. Col. Jacob Weddle. 4th West Virginia, Capt. Benjamin D. Boswell. 12th West Virginia, Lieut. Col. Robert S. Northcott. At Winchester, Va., and not engaged in the battle. 12 Page 129 CRAP. LV.j THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 129 Third Brigade. Col. THOMAS M. HAJUDS. Col. MILTON WELLS 23d Illinois (battalion),~ Capt. Samuel A. Slinison. 54th Pennsylvania, Capt. John Surer. 10th West Virginia: Lieut. Col. Moses S. Hall. Maj. Henry H. Withers. 11th West Virginia, Lient. Col. Van I-I. Bukey. 15th West Virginia: Col. Milton Wells. Maj. John W. Holliday. SECOND I)IVISION. Col. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. First Brigade. Col. HIRAM F. DEvol.. 23d Ohio, Lient. Col. James M. Comly. 36th Ohio, Lient. Col. William H. G. Adney. 5th West Virginia (battalion), Lieut. Col. William II. Eaochs, ~ Col. William H. I3rown.t 13th West Virginia, Lient. Col. James R. Hall. Secoad Brigade. Lient. Col. BENJAMIN F. Co~vri;s. :34th Ohio (battalion), Lient. Col. Luther Furney. 91st Ohio, Maj. Lemuel Z. Cadot. 9th West Virginia, Capt. John S. P. Carroll. 14th West Virginia, Maj. Shriver Moore. A IITILLERY BRIGADE. Capt. HENRY A. I)u PONT. 1st Ohio Light, Battery L, Capt. Frank C. Gibbs. 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery D, Lieiit. Williatti Think. 5th United States, Battery-B: Lient. Henry F. Brewerton. Lient. Charles Holman. PROVISIONAL DIVISION 4 Col, J. HOWARD hITChING. CAVALRY, Bvt. Maj. Qeli. ALFRED T. A, TOIuW1hT. ESCORT, 1st Rhode Island, Maj. William H. Turner, Jr. At Wijichester, Va., and uot engaged in the battle. Corps officer of the day. Only a small detachment from the First Brigade, and the 6t1~ N~iw York Ileavy 4~illery, from the Second Brigade, engaged in the battle, 9 H HVOL XLIII, PT I Page 130 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. YA., MD., AND PA. FIRST I)IVISIQN. Brig. Gen. WESLEY MERRITT. First Brigade. Cal. JAMES H. KInD. 1st Michigan, Capt. Andrew W. Duggan. 5th Michigan, M~j. Smith H. Hastings. 6th Michigan, Maj. Charles W. Deane. 7th Michigan, Maj. Daniel H. Darling. New York Light Artillery, 6th Battery, Capt. Joseph W. Martin. Second Brigade. Bvt. Brig. Gen. ThOMAS C. DEVIN. 4th New Yorkj~ Maj. Edward Schwartz. 6th ~ew York, Capt. George E. Farmer. 9th New York, Col. George S. Nichols. 19th New York (1st Dragoons), Col. .Al- fred Gibbs. 1st U. S. Artillery, Batteries K and L, Lient. Franek E. Taylor. Beseree Brigade. Col. CHARLES H. LOWELL, Jr. Lient. Col. CASPER CROWNINSHIELD. 24 Massachnsetts: Lient.. Col. Casper Crowninshield. Capt. Archibald MeKendry. 1st United States, Capt. Eugene M. Baker. 24 United States, Capt. Robert S. Smith. 5th United States, Lient. Gustavus Urban. SECONI) DIVISION. t Cal. ALPHEUS S. MooR1~. Cal. WILLIAM 11. POwELL. First Briqade. 8th Ohio (detaclunent). 1st 14th Pennsylvania, Maj. Thomas Gibson. 1st 224 Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Andrew J. 2(1 Greenfield. I Secon (1 Brigade. Col. HENRY CA1EHART New York, Maj. Timothy Quinn. West Virginia, Maj. Harvey Farabee. W~t Virginia, Lient. Col. John J. hoffman. West Virginia, Lient, Cal. John L. McGee. Artillery. 5th United States, Battery L, Lient. Gulian V. Weir. THIRD 1)IVISION. Brig. Geii. GEORGE A. Cusrvu. First Brigade. Col. ALEXANDER C. M. PENNINGTON. 1st Connecticut, Capt. Edwin W. French. 3d New Jersey, Lient. Col. Charles C. Snydam. ~d New York, Capt. Andrew S. Glover. 5th New York, Maj. Theodore A. Boice. 24 Ol1io, Lient. Cal. George A. Paring- toll. 18th Pennsylvania, Maj. John W, Phil- 7ips. Second Brigade. Cal. \VILIAAM \VELLS. 3d Indiana (two companies), Lient. Benjamin F. Gilbert. 1st New Hampshire (battalion), Cal. Johil L. Thompson. 8th New York, Lient. Cal. William H. Benj afl~iil. 224 New York, Maj. Charles C. Brown. 1st Vermont; Li nt. Cal. Jobn XV, Ben- nett, HORSE AIITILLEIIY. 24 United States, Batteries B and L, Capt. Charles H. Peiree. 3d United States, Batteries C, F, and K, Capt. Danbar H. Ransom. Detailed for duty at General Sheridans headquarters. I From Department of West Virginia, 130 [CHAP LV Page 131 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 2 - 131 No. 1. Return ~/ Casac(lties in the Union force8, commanded by Jiaj. Gen. Ph jUp II. Sheridau, U S. Army, at Cedar Creek, Va., October 19. [Compiled from nominal lists of casualties, returns, & c.J K Killed. Wounded. Captured or fussing. Command. -~ _______ __ a . a I P ____ ___~0 ~ Z~~ ~ EL EL SIXTH ARMY CORPS. Brig. Geu. JAMES B. RICKETTS.* Brig; Gen. GEORGE W. GETTY. Maf Gen. HORATIo G. WRIOHT.I Staff 2 FIRST nIVISION. Brig. Gen. FRANK WHEATON. Fust Brigade. Col. WILLIAM H. PENROSEj Lient. Col. EnwARo L. CAMPRELL.~ I Capt. BALDWIN HUFTY. Staff 1 1 4th New Jersey 29 4 34 lOlli New Jerse~.- 2 4(1 45 13th New Jerse~, 1 12 7 50 . . 15 85 Total First Brigade 1 16 10 .... V _____ 19 165 Secend Brigade. Col. JOSEPH F. HAMRLIN.* Col. BANALD S. MACKWSZ Lient. Col. EGRERT OLCOT Staff 1 2d Connecticut Heavy Artillery 1 20 [ 1(10 190 65th New York 1 1] 9 72 9(1 121st New York 1 9 57 95th Pennsylvania 39 96th Pellusylvania 27 Total Second Brigade . . 17 )~5 Total First Division 4 bJ 27 1i4 569 SECOND nIVISION. Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GElTY Brig. Gen. LEWIS A. GRAN Brig. Gen. GEORGE W. GE~TY First Brigade. I Col. JAMES M. WARNER. Staff New York -- 1; I 1 15 93d Pennsylvania 1 20 i 1 30 98th Pennsylvania 1 102d Pennsylvania 1 ii .. 1 55 92 139th Pennsylvania 1 1 4 29 I .. 1 36 Total First Brigade 9 180 1 I s 229 XX Ol11I(IlCd. t See foot-llote jI lk 1 l Page 132 132 OPERATI& NS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Rein en of Casualties in the Union foees, 4-c.Continne(l. Coin~oand. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. LEWIS A. GRANT Lient. Col. AMASA S. TRACY. Brig. Gen. LEWIS A. GRANT. 24 VerIlont 3d Vermont (battalion) 4th Vermont 1:111:1111 ~zzz: 5th Vermont 6th Vermont (battalion) 11th Vermont (1st Heavy Artillery) 1 Total Second Brigade 1 Col. WILLIAM EMERSON. hulled. 15 OlIlided. C altUled or IlliSsilIg. or a . a 0 - P -~ a C C ~ C 4 3 1. 12 33 2 2 2 2 3 12 29 :14 17 16 30 71 197 3 3 11 20 41 Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. DANIEL P. BIDWELL.* Lieut. Col. IVINSOR B. FRENCH. Staff 1 1st Maine (Veteran) 8 2 58 I 12 43d New York (battalion) 4 3 15 89th New York (battalion) 8 2 28 77th NewYork 2 5 5 21 3 l22dNewYork 1.~ 4 2 25~ 61st Pennsylvania (battalion) 2 2 1 10 1 TotalThird Brigade 6 31 15 157 16 Total Second Division 10 97 36 534 1 60 THIRD DIVISION. Col. J. WARREN KEIFEE. First Brigade. 14th New Jersey 1: 23~ 106th New York 8 3 42 151st New York 1 1 11 184th New York ihattalion) 1 2 42 87th Pennsylvania (battalion) 1 6 2 20 10th Vermont 1 15 7 58 Total First Bri ade 4 351 14~ 106 4 38 5 16K 2 27 1 4 31 1 14 1 26 4 361 Second Brigade. Col. WILLIAM H. BALL. 6th Maryland 9th New York Heavy Artillery 110th Ohio 122d Ohio 126th Ohio 67th Pennsylvania 138th Pennsylvania Total Seeopd BrigadO Total Third Division ARTIbLERY HEIOADE. Col. CHARLES H. TOMPKINS. Maine Light. 5th Battery (E) New York Li~ht, 1st Battery 1st Rhode Island Li~ht, Battery C 1st Rhode Island Light. Battery G 5th United States, Battery M 8 3~ 40- a 11 3 I 4 3 2 17 4 21 1 6 38 40 29 22 48 107 284 1 80 22 38 36 32 16 225 738 28 53 13 45 46 85 270 51 208 35 45 25 30 42 ~7 -a; ~ ~ 131436 8 100 34 528~ 2 34 706 I 26 28 1 5 17 23 1 9 10 41 1 22 27 2 15 4 23 Total Artillery Brigade 1 13 I 4 89 4 J?otal Sixth Army Corps 23 275 103 1, 525 6 104 Killed. 111 2, 126 [CHAP. LV Page 133 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 133 Return of Casualties in tile Union forces, 4c.Contiusued. COIilITlalI(l. NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. Bvt. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM H. EMORY. Staff Brig. Gen. JAMES W. MCMILLAN. Bri~ Gen WILLIAM DWIGHT. Col. EDWIN P. DAVIS. FIRST DIVISION. Second Brigade. Col. EDWARD L. MOLINEUX. Killed. Wounded. -~ a 7 ~~ ~ C First Brigade. 29th Maine 1 17 30th Massachusetts , 1 11 90th New York 2 I 114th New York 20 116th New York ...~ 7 153(1 New York 8 Total First Brigade 5 66 Second Brigade. Col. STEPHEN THOMAS. Brig. (len. JAMES W. MUMILLAN. 12th Connecticut 2 20 160th New York o 47th Pennsylvania 1 16 8th Vermont 1 16 Total Second Brigade 4 81 Total First Division 9 147 SRCOND DIVISION. Brig. (len. CIJYIER GROVER.* Brig. (len. HENRY W. BIRGE. Staff First Brigade. Brig. Gen. HENRY W. BIRGE. Col. TisoalAs W. PORTER. 9th Cor~necticut (battalion) 12th Malne 1 14th Maine 1 26th Massachusetts (battalion) 14th New Hampshire 75th New York Total First Brigade __________ 2 2 ~8 3 6 4 29 S 3 1 11 20 ajiLIIICU. Or IUlSSlIlb~ 105 91 43 80 1 19 56 414 1 52 31 88 55 ii 226 22 7 9 10 48 93 23 28 23 167 49 640 1 215 127 108 73 115 59 81 .)63 172 66 154 106 498 1, 061 1 2 2 13 1 7 25 6 3 20 1 50 81 4 34 1 42 82 3 21 8 16 29 Sl 3! 48 1 17 77 3, 1 18 33 55 26: 11 141 4 165 349 13th Connecticut 16 11th Indiana 22d Iowa i I 3(1 Massachusetts Cavalry (dismounted) ~ ~9 30 76 131st New York I 21 1 33 159th New York 1 ~ 23 Total Second Brigade l~ 05 287 -, XXoun(le(I. CHAP. IX. Page 134 OPERATJON~ IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Return of Casm(.tties in the Union forces, 4-c.----( ohtinuud (mnonand. Killed. 0 5 0 Third Brigade. Col. DANIEL MACAULEY.* Lient. Col. ALFRED NEAFIE. Staff 38th Massachusetts 128th New York 156th New York 1 175th New York (hattalion) 176th New York 1 Total Third Brigade 2 Fourth Brigade. Col. DAVID SHUNK. 8th Indiana 2 18th Indiana 24th Iowa 28th Iowa 1 Total Fourth Brigade 3 Artillery. 1 1 5 5 -) 4 18 11 2 5 8 8 23 I (Vonadi ~ C .mptured 01. missing. 5)1 i 5) Si) 0 a 5) 5) Si) a a so C ~ 0 ~ 1 18 54 :14 2 74 95 Il 48 92 3 ill 1 31 53 6 3 188 298 4 3 4 21 66: 6 43 27 81 6 17 41 92 2 69 10 90 I 18 182 4 1)9 329 16 :--..-.~______8 Maine Li~lit - 1st Battery (A) 1 2 1 2W Total Second Division 1, 292: RESERVE AR-rILLERY. Maj. ALBERT W. BRADRURY. Indiana Light, 17th Battery 1st Rhode Island Li~ht, Battery D Total Reserve Artillery Total Nineteenth Army Corps - ____ ARMY OF WFST VIRGINIA. I Bvt. Maj. Gen. GEORGE CRooK. Staff _____ FIRST DtVtStON. Cot. JOSEPH THOBURN.I Cot. THOMAS M. HARE Stall 1 First Brigade. Licut. Coi. THOnAs F. Wit nns : I 34th Massachusetts 8 : ~ 5th New York Heavy Artillery, 2d Thttahon : 4 I 30~ 309 1161h Ohio 1 : 16 34 123d Ohio ___________________ _________________ __22 Total First lirigade 1 1 4 367 408 Woinded. t KillC(1. 10 86 57 571 13 555 4 1 8 :1 1t~ 1 8 3 12 51 1 16-- 6 28 19 238 109 1,227 14 776 2,383 I 1 134 [CHAP. L Page 135 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. Jeturn of Casualties in the Union forces, (~c.Continned. Coin:nand. Third Brigade. Col. THOMAS Xl. HARRIS. Col. MILTON WELLS. 54th Pennsylvania 10th West Virginia 11th West Virginia 15th West \irginia Total Third Brigade Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. Col. RUTHERFORD 11. HAYES. First Brigade. Col. HIRAM F. DEVOL. 23d Ohio 36th Ohio 5th West Virginia (hattalion) 13th West Virginia Total First Brigad Second Brigade. Lient. Col. BENJAMIN F. COATES. Killed. Wonnded. (aptllre(l Or missilig. z 4 18 25 11 1 2 1 2 34th Ohio (hattalion) 2 9th West Virginia 14th West Virginia Total Second Brigade.. Total Second Division ARTILLERY BRIGADE. Capt. HENRY A. Du PONT. Staff 1st Ohio Light, Battery L 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery D 5th United States, Battery B Total Artillery Brigade Total Army of West Virgillia PROVISIONAL DIVISION. Col. J. HoWARD KITCHINO. Detachment (First Brigade) 6th New York Heavy Artillery (Second Brigade): Total Provisional Division.... 1 10 1 1 1 10 3 1 58 1 28 14 49 11 102 35 35 77 29 176 4 10 6 91 5 469 585 9 2 18 8 57 4 18 22 1 1 9 11 1 7 1 36 45 1 21 4 101 8 135 3 2 9 1 17 11 24 1 7 32 19 35 V ~, 6 46 2 29 86 1 24 10 147 2 37 221 1 1 1 1 7 9 6 6 1 17 30 1 2 1 7 11 1 7 1 15 3 24 51 7 41 17 253 10 510 858 5 61 6 661 2 16 18 9 93 102 Mortally wosIndefi. CHAP. LV.1 13 Page 136 136 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, ~5c.-Continued. Command. CAVALRY. Bvt. Maj. Gen. ALFRED T. A. TORHERT. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WESLEY MERRITT. First Brigade. Col. JAMES U. KIDD. 1st Michigan 5th Michigan 6th Michigan 7tls Michigan ... New York Light Artillery, 8th Battery Total First Brl de Secend Brigade. Bvt. Brig. GeII. THOMAS C. DEVIN. 6th New York 9th 4ew York l9tlI New York (1St Dragoons) 1st U. S. Artillery, Batteries K and L Total Second Brigade Reserre Brigade. Col. CHARLES 11. LOWELL, Jr.* Lieut. Col. CASPER CROWNINSHIELD. 2d Massachusetts 1st United States 2d United States Killed. 3 3 4 Wounded. 1 1 Captured or missing. 23 8 6 4 2 1 1 30 28 12 11 35 2 10 2 4~3 33 88 1 2 3 1 :i 4 lo 32 3 5 ~. 1 4 1 18 24 1 6 3 i:i 1 24 2 I 7 2~ 4 6 1 8 5i 22 1 37 2 22 8 83 34 149 2 1 4 1. .... 1 K .... 1 Total Reserve Brigade Total First Division SECOND DIVISION.) Col. WILLIAM H. POWELL. First Brigade. Col. ALPHEUS S. MOORE. 8th Ohio (detachment) 14111 Pennsylvania 22d Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Secend Brigade. Col. HENRY CAPEMART. 1st West Virginia Total Second Brigade Total Second Division Killed. From I)epartment of West Virginia. 2 1 4 7 3 3 10 [Ouus~. LV Page 137 CHAP. LV.] THE SiIENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 137 Return of Casualties in the Union forces, ~Vc.Continned. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. a . . THIRO Division. Brig. Gen. GEOkOE A. CUSTEH. First Brigade. Col. ALEXANDEft C. M. PENNINOToP. 2d New York . ... 6 8 14 5th New York 1. si... 2 3 2(1 Ohio -- 18th Pennsylvania 1 .. 6 7 I. Total First Brigade . 2 .. 17 8 27 Second Bsi~ade. -~ Col. Wn.LIAIH WELLS. 8th New York . 1 1 1st Vermont 1 ~ 6 Total Second Briade 1 6 7 Total Third Division 2 1 23 8 34 HO5tsE AHtILLERY. United States, Batteries B and L 1 1 2 1(1 United States, Batteries C, F, and K 1 Total Horse Artillery 2 1 ___ ___ 3 Total Cavalry I 2 ~ 9 ___ 115 43 196 IIECAPITULATION. Sixth Army.Corps .... ~ 23 275 103 1, 525 6 -1~4 2, 126 Nineteenth Army Corps 19 238 109 1, 227 14 776 2, 383 Arnsy of West Virginia 7 41 37 253 10 510 858 Provisional Division 1 - 11 6 6ti 18 102 Cavalry 2 27 9 115~ 43 196 Grand total . ......... 52 592 244 3,186 30 1,561 5,665 OFFTCEIis KILLED 0]? MOJ?TA LL F WOUNDED, CONNECTICUT. Capt. Benjamin F. Hosford, 2d Heavy Ar- Lieut. George M. I3enton, 12th Infantry. tillerv. Lient. Horace B. Phelps, 12th Infantr~. Capt. .John P. Lowell, 12th Infantry. INDIANA. Lient. Col. Alexander J. Kenny, 8th Tn- Lient. Col. William 8. Charles, 18th In- Thntr. fantry. Capt. William D. Watson, 8th Infantry. Maj. .Jonathan 11. Williams, 18th In- Lient. George W. Quay, 8th Infantry. Iisntrv. IOWA. Lient. Col. .John Q. Wilds, 24th Inlhatry. Capt. John W. I?ieaiensehneider, 28th In- thutry Page 138 138 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. YA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Return of Casualties in the Union forces, 4e.Continned. MAINR. Lieut. John E. Morton, 1st Battery. Lient. Col. Charles S. Bickmore, 14th In- Lieut. P. Jordan Mitchell, 1st Infantry. fantry. Lient. Henry B. Walton, 12th Infantry. Lient. John L. Hoyt, 29th Infantry. MARYLAND. Lieut. Melville R. Small, 6th Infantry. MASSACHUSETTS. Col. Charles H. Lowell, jr., 2d Cavalry. Lient. George F.Whitcomb,3Oth Infantry. Capt. Rufus W. Smith, 2c1 Cavalry. Lient. William F. Clark, jr., 30th In- Lieut. Lyman James, 3d Cavalry. fantry. Lient. Albert L. Tilden, 26th Infantry. MICHIGAN. Capt. Charles Shier, Jr., 1st Cavalry. NEW JERSEY. Lient. William B. Ross, 14th Infantry. I Maj. Lambert Boeman,. Infantry. NEW YORK. Lient. John G. Main, 6th Cavalry. Lient. John XV. Belding, 77th Infantry. Col. J. Howard Kitching, 6th Ileavy Ar- Maj. John C. Smart, 90th Infantry. tillery. Lient. Thaddeus C. Ferris, 90th Infantry. Maj. Edward Jones, 6th Heavy Artillery. Capt. DanielC. Knowlton, 114th Infantry. Lieut.WilliamJ. Rasberry, 6th Heavy Ar- Lient. Isaac Bnrch, 114th Infantry. tillery. Lient. Norman M. Lewis, 114th Infantry. Lieut. Elias Fountain, 6th Heavy Artil- Lieut. NYilliam D. Thurber, 114th In- lery. fantry. Capt. Orson Howard, 9th Heavy Artil- Capt. Jonathan Bnrrell, 121st Infantry. lery. Capt. John D. P. Donw, 121st Infantry. Lient. Orrin B. Carpenter, 9th Heavy Ar- Lient. William II. Tucker, 121st Infantry. tillery. Maj. Jabez M. Brower, 122d Infantry. Lient. John Oldswager, 9th Heavy Artil- Lient. Christopher Larkin, 156th In- lery. fantry. Lient. Henry D. Vaughn, 1st Battery. Lieut. Johannes Lefever, 156th Infantry. Lient. Col. Thomas H. Higinbotham, 65th Maj. Robert McD. Hart, 159th Infantry. Infantry. Capt. Duncan Richmond, 159th Infantry. Capt. Martin Lennon, 77th Infantry. Lient. .Julius A. Jones, 176th Infantry. Lient. William J. Tabor, 77th Infantry. Licut. Augustus Phillips, 184th Infantry. Lieut. Gilbert F. Thomas, 77th Infantry. - OHIO. Lient. John W. Cartwright, 34th In- Surg. Thomas J. Shannon, 116th Infantry. fantry. Lient. Thomas Kilburn, 122d Infantry. Capt. Wesley Devenney, 110th Infantry. Lient. Edward R. 1-Lilliard, 122d Infantry. PENNSYLVANIA. Capt. Edwin G. Minnich, 47th Infantry. Maj. James II. Coleman, 102d Infantry. Lient. Joseph Peck, 54th Infantry. Lient. John A. (lump, 138th Infantry. Capt. David J. Taylor, 61st Infantry. Lient. Samuel W. Cloward, 138th In- Lient. John Barrett, 61st Infantry. fantry. Capt. Edgar M. RuhI, 87th Infantry. Capt. Daniel Crum, 139th Infantry. Lieut. Col. John B. Kohler, 98th Infantry. Lieut. James P. McKean, 139th Infantry. EITOI)E ISLAND. Lient. Charles V. Scott. Battery G, 1st Light Artillery Page 139 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 13~J I~cbun of Cesuallie.s it IIW Lnion Joice. , 4c.Conti itied. U. S. ARMY. Lient. Samuel D. Sonthworth, 24 Artil- Lient. Henry M. Baldwin, 5th Artillery. lerv. V. S. VOLUNTEERS. Brig. (4en. I)aniel D. Bidwell. Capt. Philip G. Bier, Assistant Adjutant- General. VERMONT. Capt. Edward Hall, 8th Infantry. Capt. Lacinis I). Thompson, 10th In- Lient. Nathan C. Cheney, 8th Infantry. fantry. Lient. Aaron K. Cooper, 8th Infantry. Lient. Oscar IR. Lee, 11th Infantry (1st Heavy Artillery). WEST VIRGINIA. Col. Joseph Thohurn, 1st Infantry. Lient. Col. James P. hall, 13th Infantry Capt. Jacob P. Knykendall, 10th Iii- Lient. William 8. Morrison, 14th In fantry. flintry. No. 8. Report of Surg. James T. Ghiselin, U. & Army, Medical Director, Middle Military Dirision, of operations August 27December 31. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, MEDICAL DIRECTORS OFFICE, January 26, 1865. GENERAL: On the 27th of August, 1864, I reported as medical director of the Middle Military Division, from which date to l)ecember 31, 1864, inclusive, I have the honor to report, in brief detail, the oper- ations of the medical department. This report will refer only to the army, as nearly the whole effective force of this division, composed of the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, Army of West Virginia, amid cavalry, has been in the field, operating under the name of Army of the Middle Military Division, to which my duties have been almost exclusively confined. My first effort, on arrival, was to ascertain, if possible the exact condition of the medical department, but the difficulties in the way of obtaining information appeared insurmountable, as no staff depart- ment had even an incipient organization; in fact, the confusion was all that might be anticipated in a command so new and composed in part of small commands accustomed to act imidepeudently. The vet- eran Sixth Corps was the only one prepared for a campaign, and its creditable condition was due mainly to the energy and ability of its medical director, Surg. S. A. Holman, U. S. Volunteers. The first steps toward organization consisted in the adoption of a system reg- ulating the formation and management of field hospitals, in pre- scribing a uniform plan of drawing and issuing medical supplies, and in strictly enforcing the ambulance law. Our base being liar- pers Ferry, a depot for medical supplies was ol)ened at once, and a large quantity of the most important field 5ll~)plies were ordered by telegraph. These were distributed amnomig the corps so as t Page 140 140 OPERATIONS INN. VA., W. VA., MI)., AND PA. rcHAP. LV. supply their immediate wants. After a careful review of all the im- portant medicines and supplies furnished, and guided by the experi- ence of a previous campaign, a selection was made, which, it was intended, should contain a sufficient number of medicines and all essential dressings and appliances, while it should not be too cumbrous, so that it might always be readily taken with the troops in the field. This selection was embodied, together with a plan of drawing and issuing supplies, in a circular issued from this office September 10. The acting medical purveyor was furnished with a copy of this circular, and was ordered to require for and issue supplies in accordance with it. In this system the division and not the brigade was made the unit of organization for the medical department, both as regards sup- plies, transportation, and field hospitals. The division system has afforded me the means of caring with the utmost celerity for large numbers of wounded thrown suddenly upon the medical department, as after the battles of Winchester and Middletown or Cedar Creek, and it has met the approval of i~ll the medical officers of the army. Previous to the adoption of this plan, in all the troops, except the Sixth Corps, hospitals were established without system after a battle, and much confusion consequently resulted. This I endeavored to obviate by an order prescribing a uniform mode of organizing field hospitals. The general plan was the same as that introduced in the Army of the Poto- mac by Surg. J. Letterman, U. S. Army, and of which I had frequently witnessed the good effects, while serving in that army. An operating staff~ is appointed, as well as a medical officer in charge of food and shelter, a second officer in charge of records, and these report, before an engagement, to a surgeon who has the general charge of the hospital and who receives orders from the surgeon-in-chief of division. Previous to my arrival supplies had been issued to the troops in the field by acting niedical purveyors stationed with the commands, which they had supplied indiscriminately, there being no order to guide them regulating the issues or the amount of supplies to be kept on hand. ~It was soon found that these purveyors were unnecessary, as every brigade kept on hand the authorized supply, and could draw upon the division hospital when requisite. Having thus systematized to some extent the manner of furnishing this army with medical supplies, pre- scribed the kind and quantity of each to be kept on hand, concentrated a large store of all the essentials at the base ready for emergencies, as well as organized a system of field hospitals, in which wounded could be cared for after an engagement and the sick during marches and while in camp, I had but to make suitable provision for relieving the army of its wounded as rapidly as they might accumulate. For this purpose I increased a small hospital of about 300 beds at Sandy Hook to a capacity of 1,300, and stationed a medical officer at the base as medical director of transportation, with instructions to receive all sick and wounded, and to forward the moderately severe cases to Balti- more, retaining the very severe as well as the very slight cases for treatment at Sandy Hook or at Frederick. This officer received a daily report of the number of vacant beds in the general hospital at Fred- erick, and was thus guided in the shipment of cases. He also had charge of feeding arid dressing the wounded, and kept me informed of the arrival and condition of every train; and, in addition, telegraphed to the medical directors of the Middle Department and Department of West Virginia the time trains started for Baltimore or Frederick. Before all of these arrangements had been completed the army com- menced a forward muovemeut Page 141 CRAP. LV.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 141 At daylight 011 the morning of September 19 one division of cavalry, which had the advance, engaged the enemy near Opequon Creek, five miles fl:om Winchester, and drove him from his position, which it held nntil relieved by the infantry. The battle during the morning was fought with great obstinacy, and, with the excel)tion of occasional slight checks to some of our corps, success was always in onr favor. About 3.30 p. m. a combined advance of infantry and cavalry was ordered, the cavalry operating on both flanks. This resulted in the complete triumph of our arms, and the enemy fled from the field routed and demoralized. That night we occupied Winchester. The field hospi- tals were established during the day on or near Opequon Creek, and Iheir locations were well protected from the shot of the enemy by wooded hills. They were all in the immediate vicinity of good roads. The wounded, as a general thing, received good care, and had nourish- ing food promptly administered to them. During the latter part ot the day, however, it was impossible to coltect all the wounded, as the army pushed on so rapidly, thereby increasing the distance for the ambulances. Quite a large number, therefore, remained on the field that night, many being concealed in the thick woods where they had fallen. At 9 p. m. the same night the general commanding ordered me to have all the wounded taken to Winchester, and the field hospi- tals broken i1J) as rapidly as possible. For this purpose a detail of medical officers to remain was made from each corps, a certain propor- tion of ambulances was ordered to be left, and the chief quartermaster placed at my disposal all the empty army wagons. Asst. Sur~. II. A. Du Bois, U. S. Army, assistant medical director, was or(lered to remain and take general direction of the removal of the wounded and of the establishment and organization of hospitals in Winchester. That night I iuformed you by telegraph of the result of the battle, gave the approxi- mate number of wounded, and requested you to send forward to Win- chester twenty medical officers, hospital supplies for 5,000 wounded, and an experienced surgeon to take charge of the hospital. Several weeks previously the chief quartermaster had, at my request, ordered the post quartermaster at Harpers Ferry to keel) Oh hand 300 hospital tents for such an emergency. Doctor Pu I3ois reported to me on the 21st that he had seized a portion of the army train, nuloaded it, and with the ambulances left him had transported all the wounded from the field to hospitals which he established at Winchester in the churches, public buildings, and such private dwellings as were suitable. These hospitals lie organized by corps. Being almost (lestitute of food for the wounded, the commanding officer of Winchester took, at his request, 8,000 rations from an army train which was going to the front. Thi~s embarrassment arose from the fact that no subsistence traiu accomn- l)aliied the army. Things were soon systematized, and over 4,000 wounded were safely transferred to the hospitals of their respective corps, competent surgeons placed iii charge, and the niost experienced amid expert operators designated to perform the operations. On the evening of the 22d Surg. J. II. Brinton, 111. 5. Volunteers arrived with five medical officers, and relieved l)octor Pu Bois, who returned to headquarters on the following day. Four hundred hospital tents, ample supplies, and ten additional surgeons arrived on the 23d. About 300 hospital tents were pitched on a well- selected site iiear the town, and a camp hospital organized umider the designation of Sheridan Field Hospital. Surg. F. V. Hayden, U. S. Volunteers, was assigued to its charge Page 142 [CHAP. LV. 142 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. The morning following the battle of Winchester our troops moved forward, and that afternoon reached Strasburg, two miles beyond which the enemy was found in position at Fishers Hill. Some skirmishing occurred on the 21st, and, during the afternoon of the 22d, an assaultwas made, which resulted in the complete rout of the enemy, and his broken army was pursued to Woodstock, a distance of twelve miles. Thepursuitoccupied the entire night, and the troops did not bivouac until about 4 oclock the following morning. Fortunately, the casualties on the march were few, while those wounded in the assault were collected in the field hospitals. Anticipating a battle on the 21st each infantry corps was directed to establish a field hospital in the vicinity of Strasburg. Aware that the troops had then been one day without rations, and being informed that no forward movement coukb be made until rations could be issued, the hospitals were allowed to remain and orders were given to the chief medical officers of divisions to be prepared to send their wounded to the rear. By the afternoon of the 23d all were comfortably loaded in an empty supply train and sent to Winchester. At St.rasburg and Woodstock a few Confederate wounded were found, destitute of all supplies, and unable to bear transportation. These men were attended by their own surgeons, who were furiiished with all the necessary medical and subsistence stores. We arrived at~ flarrisonbnrg on the 25th, where there were several Confederate hos- pitals, containing 335 sick and wounded, attended by five Confederate medical officers. The surgeon in charge reported that he was in need of subsistence and a few essential medicines, all of which he was at~ once furnished with. One hundred and thirty-five sick and wounded were selected, who could bear transportation without injury, and sent. to Winchester by a returning subsistence train. The medical officers~ here seemed to have some regard for hygienic principles in and about the hospitals, and their patients were probably as comfortable as they could make them with their restricted means; but at every other place,. from Woodstock on, where Confederate wounded were collected by their own surgeons, the most extreme filth and positive indications of neglect were seen. After the battle of Winchester the cavalry acted, to a great degree,. independently, and their wounded in the several skirmishes were retained in ambulances and sent to Winchester when opportmiity offered. The army made no important movement up to October 6, when a retrograde march was commenced. The enemys cavalry fol- lowed us. On the 9th, near Woodstock, our cavalry attacked and routed that of the enemy, driving him a distance of twelve miles. Our loss was very slight, and all the wounded were sent to Winchester the following day. We moved to Cedar Creek on the 10th and took up a strong line of battle, with the apparent object of remaining there to wait for the developments of the enemy. hnmediately after the battle of Fishers Hill, our base being changed to Martinsburg, Actg. Asst. Snug. E. Ohlenschlager, U. S. Army, act- ing medical inspector, was ordered there to take charge of the traums- portation of the wounded, who were sent to that place as fast as they could bear transportation, and for this purpose advantage was taken of every returning train. The wounded were loaded in wagons, bedded with hay or straw, without crowding, aumd a large number of blankets were sent with them, as well as stretchers for some of the most severe cases. The wounded in these trains were fed and dressed on their arrival at Martinsburg, and were then placed in cars which were sent. to Frederick or Baltimore Page 143 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 143 At dawn, on the 19th of October, the enemy attacked and turned the left flank of our army. Their attack was so sudden and unexpected that onr troops were thrown into confusion, and it was not nntil we had fallen back four miles that another line of battle was established and confidence restored. In the early part of the action the Nineteenth Corps lost all its medicine and army wagons, loaded with medical sup- 1)lies and hospital tents, and thirty ambulances but the latter were recaptured by the cavalry in the afternoon. The other ambulances and wagons had been ordered to the rear and were out of reach. Before the second line of battle was formed but few of the wounded got off the field; those who did were such as were able to walk, and a few who were carried in the ambulances, of the cavalry or in blankets sluiig on muskets. IDivision field hospitals were now established in and near Kewtown, six miles from the original hue of battle and two from the second. The wagons and medical supplies arriving from the rear, the medical officers of the ~xth Corps promptly pitched their tents; before this, however, each division formed a temporary hospital in rear of the line of battle, and up to this time had perfom-med a few capital and a large numnber of minor operations. The medical officers of the Nine- teenth Corps took possession of the churches and several houses in Newtown and prepared them for the reception of the wounded, as all their tents had been captured. The cavalry had only a comparatively sumall number of casnalties, and, for this reason, were enabled to care for their owmm wounded in ambulances until a favorable opportunity offered to send them to the rear. Oim the morning of the 20th, there being no immediate I)rospect of hostilities, but a military necessity for removing the wommuded farther to the rear, all the amubulances of the army amid a large train of army wagons, properly bedded with sti-aw, were loaded with wounded. The ambulances were used for the most severe cases amid the army wagons for those of a less grave nature. Knowing that the hospitals at Win- chester were unable to accommnodate the large miumber of wounded to be disposed of, the chief mne(lical officer of that 1)lace was instructed to retain only those who wonld be injured by further tramisportation, and to feed, dress, and furnish the remainder with all things needed, and send them on to Martinsbuug. By the afternoon of the 21st the whole number of wounded, with the excel)tion of fifteen mortal cases, had been removed from Newtown. All the corps wem-e amply supplied for this emergency, with the exception of the Nineteenth, but its urgent wants were relieved by the ot,hers, until several wagons, loaded with medical stores, whmch had been kept at army headquarters to meet accidents of this kind could be brought from Winchester, whither they had gone in the morning to prevent capture. Too much praise cannot be awarded the niedical officers for their energetic efforts to care for and protect tIme wounded on this trying occasion, the result of a temporary reverse to our arms. The general commanding- not wishing that even a temporary hos- pital should be established at Martinsbnrg, the wounded had to be 1)laced in the cars iimnediately on their arrival. Owing to a deficiency of transportation, as well as to the difficulties of loading a number of cars in the confined depot at that place, a portion of the wounded of each train were placed in the churches, which were fitted np as field hos- pitals. Doctor Du Bois, who had been sent with orders to take such means as might be necessary to prevent any accumulation of wounded, reported that the trains generally arrived in excellent condition, few casQs of neglect being observed, and nuost of these owing to the ~xce Page 144 144 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. sive fatigue of medical officers. With each train was sent a surgeon in charge, a proper proportion of medical officers, stewards, ai~d attend- ants also cooked rations, anodynes, stimulants, dressings, & c., more than sufficient to last the usual number of days in making a trip. On arriving at Winchester these trains were (livided among the different hospitals, and every man was dressed and fed during the night by a large detail of surgeons and attendants, and the same was repeated at Martinsburg before transfer to cars. A responsible medical officer pro- vided with supplies, together with a proper number of atteudants, accompanied each train. As the army was liable to move suddenly I did not consider it advisable to let sick and wouiided accumulate, but sent them to Winchester, which had been made the receiving depot, using ambulances when the distance was not great and it was expedient to do so. Notwithstanding the distance wounded were transported in army wagons, in some instances as far as 100 miles, very few died on the road, which, fortunately, was a fine turnpil~e. In November fifty ambulances were placed at my di~posal, which I turned over to the chief medical officer at Winchester to be used in carrying wounded to Martimisburg. No army wagons were either used or required subsequent to this date. After the completion of the railroad to Stephensons Depot, five miles from Winchester, early in December, the muedical director of transportation was ordered to Harpers Ferry, and the medical pur- veyor to change his depot to that place. I also arranged with the chief quartermaster to have four hospital and two passenger cars kept at the above depot subject to my orders. These made two, sometimes three, trips per week, till the number of sick and wounde4 was reduced to less than 200, when the hospital cars alone were retained. The first week in January the Sheridau Field Hospital was closed, leaving in Winchester only the cavalry and Nineteenth Corps hospitals, which I designed keeping as long as the armuy retained its present position. Having thus described the camnpaign, as far as it related to my depart- ment, as briefly as was consistent with the subject, 1 subjoin the follow- ing list of casnalties: Killed: Battle of Winchester 659 Battle of Fishers Hill 46 Battle of Middletown or Cedar Creek~ 585 Total 1,290 Wounded: Various skirmishes occurring between August 20 to September 18, incln- 1,026 Battle of Winchester, September 19* 4,032 Battle of Fishers Hill, September 21 and 22* 455 Skirmishes from September 23 to October 18 402 Battle of Middletown or Cedar Creek, October 19~ 3,491 Skirmishes from October 20 to Decamber 31 , - - 600 ToPd 10,006 Confederate wounded who fell into OLIP hands: Battle of Winchester 846 Battle of Middletown or (edar Creek 451 Sent from hospitals at Harrisonbnrg 135 Total 1,432 But see revised tables, pp. 118,124, 137 Page 145 CHAP~ LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 145 The consolidated classified returns of wounds an(l injuries already tbrwarded for the battles of Winchester, Fishers Hill, and Middletowii (or Cedar Creek), account for 6,311, while the actual number was 7,978. This discrepancy will always occur after a battle if the army sooii after moves and the wounded are sent to the rear, because to obtain full and accurate lists is the work of many hours and they require a greater number of medical officers than can be spared from more urgent duties. The total number of amputations after these battles was 388. All these were primary and generally skillfully performed. The surgery in all these battles was as good as witnesse(l elsewhere in the field, and usually reflected credit on the operators. As the wounded were sent to the rear very soon after each battle, many operations could not be performed until they arrived in Winchester. The total number of deaths from disease from August 27 to the 81st of December was fifty-three. a The highest rates of sick present during that period was 5 per cent. out of a mean strength of 47,934 men, and the lowest rates 2~ per cent. out of a mean strength of 38,444. This low rate of sickness, at a time when the troops were harassed and over- fatigued by repeated battles and skirmishes, can be attributed to the healthfulness of the climate and the quantity of good vegetable food procured solely fromu the country. It is (me to the medical officers in charge of the hospitals at Win- chester, and to Surg. F. V. Hayden, U. S. Volunteers, the chief medical officer, to say that these hospitals were never surpassed by any depot hospitals in neatness and comfort, and the very moderate number of deaths. * * * To Asst. Surg. H. A. IDu Bois, U. S. Army, assistant medical director, I am indebted for the energy and executive skill shown in so well pro- viding for the many thousand wounded after the battle of Winchester, which was a task of no ordinary magnitude. The medical corps has contributed more than its share to the list of killed and wounded during the campaign. Asst. Surg. Isaac Smith, ji., Twenty-sixth Massachusetts (Nineteenth Corps), was wounded at the battle of Winchester, and Asst. Snrg. John T. Scearce, Eleventh Indiana (Nineteenth Corps), was wounded at the battle of Middletown or Cedar Creek. Surg. W. H. IRuhison Ninth New York Cavalry, medical director of the cavalry, was killed in a skirmish micar Smith- field, Va., August 29, 1864. Surg. J. B. Coover, Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry, and Actg. Asst. Surg. B. Ohlenschlager, U. S. Ari~~y, acting medical imispector, died of wounds received fromn guerrillas, and Surg. Thomas J. Shannon, One hundred and sixteenth Ohio (Army of West Virginia), was mortally wounded at the battle of Middletown or Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864, and died the following day. By the death of these officers the profession has lost experienced and valuable members, ajid the country earnest and faithful soldiers. Very respectfully, your obedient servai it, J. T. GHISELIN, ~uryeon, U, & Army. TIme SLTRGEON~GENEIIAL OF TIlE ARMY. 10 R RYOL XLIII, PT I a This does not include the deaths of men he1on~in~ ~ dl ~ospitaIs. ~ to th~ command in ~ene Page 146 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. 146 [CHAP. LV. No. 9. Report of Capt. Ocran H. Howard, Signal Corps, U. S. Army, Chief Signal Officer, of operations October 14November 1. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION, Near Cedar Creek, Va., November 1, 1864. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the signal detachment under my command ~since the 14th of October, 1864: On the 14th, in compliance with orders from Major-General Sheridan of that date, I assumed command of the signal detachment serving with the army in the tield, and took immediate measures to acquaint myself with the position and condition of officers, men, and public property pertaining to it. I found the records of the detachment incomplete and very imperfect; little or no data could be found from which I could gather such iu~ormnation as was necessary, touching the past conduct and efficiency of officers or men. I could barely ascertain the names and number of the men properly belonging to the command. Some of the men whose names appeared upon the rolls could neither be found nor accounted for. An inordinately large number of men are reported sick in hospital. They have been so reported for so long a time that a doubt exists mu my unud as to its correctness. Oti the part of officers and men there seemed to be but limited ideas of any accountability to any one for their own conduct, or the manner in whidi they discharged or failed to discharge their duties, or of responsibility for the public property placed in their charge. The men I found very poorly clothed, and badly supplied with camp equipage and apparatus for cooking their rations. Transportation was entirely insufficient for the wants of the command. I at once appointed a quartermaster, directed him to make requisition for such property as was needed, and dispatched him to Martinsburg and Cumberland to obtain it. He was partly successful, and the wants of the command are to a certain extent supplied. The men have been neither mustered nor paid for miearly a year. I am now mustering the detachment for payment. The facts above mentioned militate in a great degree against the efficiency of the detachment, and it will take much time and labor to make it what it should be. During the past half month I have issued such or(lers as I deemed requisite for the proper conduct and government of the detachment. The stations in operation upon my assummng command were, one mu the Nineteenth Corps front, commanding a view of the country between our lines and those of the enemy, and one at headquarters, in communication with it. From the former station the enemys signals on Hound Top south of Fishers Hill could be read. Lieutenants Fortney and Jones, in charge, took down their numbers, and Lieutenant Halsted, by mneans of the rebel signal code, deciphered by Lieutenant Cross and himself somne time before, translated the enemys messages, some of which were of the greatest importance touching movements of his troops. These stations were in operation until the morning of the 19th, when the army was driven from its position by the rebels. On the morning of the 19th the officers and men of the detachment, having been compelled to fall back by the enemy, were collected together at a point two mniies north of Middletown, where it was halted in readiness for duty. During the day, accompanied by Lieutenants Cross and Ireland, I visited several points along the front, with a view to rendering such service as practi- cable, but owing to the rapidity of the movements of the army, no duty was performed except by Lieutenant Mayell, with the Third Divisio Page 147 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 147 Cavalry, and Lieutenant (Jaswell, with First J)ivision Cavalry, who acted as aides to the commandino ~ At ~ ~ wuacument iALf +1~ returned to the camp from which it had been driven in the morning. On the 20th the cavalry pursued the enemy southward. Lieutenant Cross established a station on Round Top, in communication with head- (luarters, placing Lieutenants Fortney and I3utcher in charge at Round Top, and Lieutenants Ireland and Jones at headquarters. Upon the return of the cavalry this line was abandoned. Three-Top Mountain being now in our possession, a station was established thereon, Lieu- tenants Fortney and Butcher in charge. From this station a view of the valley is had as far up as Woodstock. For it a guard of fifty mcii was furnished by the general commanding. Through Three Top com- niunication was at once established from these headquarters to a ~ta- tion at General Powells headquarters. in charge of Lieutenant Ban- teau. This line is still open and in constant use. On the 23d Lieutenant ireland was sent to Gei ters, near Strasburg, where he established a ieral Gettys headquar with station in djrect cominuni cation these headquarters and with the station of observation on Three Top. This line is still open. On the 27th Lieutenants Halsted, Mayel], and Caswell, who had beeu assigned to the Cavalry Corps, were relieved from duty therewith by my order, and directed to proceed to Winchester, with a view to open- ing coinmumeation thence to these headquarters. Lieutenants hal- sted and Caswell are assigned to the station at Winchester, and Lieu- tenants Mayell and Muhiernan to the intermediate station to be estab- lished on Round Hill. The officers left for these stations on the 28th. Communication is not yet open. During the last half month I have sent Private Truesdell to Wash- ington for such signal equipments and stores as are immediately re- quiretl. Lieutenant Merritt, whom I appointed quartermaster of the detachment, has been dismissed the service, and Lieutenant Hall, acting in his place, has applied to be relieved from duty with the corps. His application has been approved. Lieutenant Clyde, reported to be under arrest at. Cumuberland, Md., has been ordered, with the approval of the commanding general, to report for duty. I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant 0. H. HOWARD, Captain and Chief Si~qnal Officer. Lient. Col. XV. J. L. NICODEMUS, Acting Chief Signal Officer, U. S. Army, Washington, 1). 0. A Di) END A. Capt. 0. H. HOWARD, ~YINCHESTER, December 26, 1864. Chief Sigaai Office, Middle iifilitarq bicision h)EAR SIR: It is with pleasure I am enabled to ackno~vledpe the valuable sei ~ ices rendered the Government by the detachment of the Sigmial Corps under your command. Notwithstanding the obstacles that existed at the commencement of the campaign to l)revent its per- fect efficmencx the duties being new to many of its officers and men, I am obliged to idinit that of late thiese obstacles have been surmounted amid the duties have been performed in such a manner as to elicit from me this bi ief acknowledgment of approbation. I am, captain, yours truly, P. H. SHERIDAN, JhIc~jor- Generctl, U. S. Army Page 148 [CRAP. LY. 148 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. No. 10. Report of Lient. Edward L. ifaisted, Fortieth New York infantry, Acting Chief Signal Officer, of operations September 130. HEADQUARTERS MiDDLE MiLITARY DIvisIoN, SW~NAL DEPARTMENT, Iliarrisonburg, Va., October 4, iS64. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of oper- ations for the month of September: 1st and 3d, army at Charlestown, ~j 3d, army moved to Berryville; 19th., to Winchester; 20th, to Strasburg; 22d, to Edenburg; 24th, to New Market; 25th, to Harrisonbnrg. 1st and 2d, stations in operation from Charlestown to Maryland Heights, the latter being also a post of observation. 3d, station at Charlesow~ withdrawn. 3d to 12th, unsuccessful in keeping up comniunicatioli between headquarters, near Berryville, and Maryland Heights, owing to weather and atmospher~ distance in direct line, eighteen miles. Lieutenant Merritt ordered to headquarters General Averell, commanding Second Division Cavalry, at Leetown, who opened communication with Maryland Heights at dark. 13th, Lieutenant Brault ordered to Harpers Ferry to communicate with Maryland Heights; to forward dispatches north. 14th and 15th, endeavored to find a point for an Intermediate station between headquarters and Mary- land Heights, communication being frequently interrupted by the atmosphere and other causes, together with the distance. Lieutenant Jones was sent to Charlestown for the purpose of selecting such a point; returned; reported a tower. fifty feet high necessary to communicate; this point was about midway between the two stations; operations toward the construction of said tower ordered by commanding general to be suspended for the present. 17th, Lieutenant Muhleman estab- lished station at Martinsburg, communicating with Maryland Heights and General Averell. One brigade of cavalry stationed at Martins- burg, the extreme right of the army. 18th, communication between the various stations continued. 19th, during the battle no stations estab- tablished, owing to the conditizn of the country, which prevented lines of communication. The enemy being concealed, no observations could be made. 22d, at Strasburg; no stations could be located to advantage, as explained in daily record. 23d, during the march of the army Lieutenants Jones and Butcher occupied the station on Hound Hill, but could discover no movements of the enemy, they being too far dis- tant. 24th, stations of communication were established during the march on the flanks, front, and rear. 25th, Lieutenants Merritt and Fortney occupied the extreme southern peak of Peaked Mountain, overlooking the entire position of the enemy, which was reported to commanding general at dark. 27th communication with the mountain up to this date uninterrupted. Latter stations opened commumcatlOii with Lieutenant Wiggins at headquarters General Merritt, command- ing First Division Cavalry, at or near Port Republic, being the extreme front and left of the army. 28th, stations and communications all right. 29th, Sixth and Nineteenth Corps moved to Mount Crawford, seven miles south of Harrisoubnrg; Lieutenant Caswell opened station at headquarters Sixth Corps, communicating with these headquarters. 30th, the two corps above mentioned returned to Harrisonburg. Lieu- tenant Caswell, after being relieved by Lieutenant Wiggins, returned. Cavafry replaced infantry at latter point. Station on Pca1~ed Mountai Page 149 CHAP. LVJ THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 149 still continues; it commands a complete view of the two valleys, Luray and Shenandoah, from the Blue Ridge to the Alleghany, from New Market and Luray to Staunton. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. L. HALSTED, Second Lieutenant and Acting Chief Aignal 0 leer. Capt. J. H. SPENCER, S~giwi Gorps, U. S. Armu, Washington, D. C. * No. 11. Reports c?f ilftg. Gen. Horatio G. Wright, U. S. Army, commanding Sixth Army (orps, of operations August 6October 10 and October 19. HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ARMY CORPS, October 18, 1864. COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the Sixth Corps in the battle of the Opequon, on the 19th of September: On the 18th of that month orders were received from the headquar- ters of the Middle Military Division, about 2 p. m.~ to move upon the enemy, but before the command had been actually started the orders were countermanded with the understanding that the movement was delayed till the next day only. In the evening of the same day the orders to march were repeated, directing the movement to commence at 2 a. in. of the 19th, with the Sixth Corps ill advance, followed by the Nineteenth, taking the route by the Berryville and Winchester pike, the Army of West Virginia, nuder Brevet Major-General Crook, then at Summit Point, to follow up the movement and halt at the Opequon crossing till further orders. Brevet Major-General Emory, commanding the Nineteenth Corps, was instructed to report to me at the crossing of the Opequon. Starting promptly at the hour designated, the Second Division, Brigadier-General Getty commanding, leading, the corps crossed the country to a point on the Berryville and Winchester pike about two miles from the Opequon, where we met the head of the Nineteenth Corps column, which, by a shorter route, had just come up, though probably starting later. Halting the Nineteenth Corps for the Sixth to pass, the march was continued to the Opequon, where, learning that Wilsons division of cavalry, which had preceded the infantry advance, had crossed the creek, passed through the defile of Some two or three miles in length on the other side, and was holding the rolling ground beyond, I ordered, with the approbation of Major-General Sheridan, the halting of all trains, and the prompt advance of the infantry with one battery of artillery, the rest of the artillery being held back till it could be ascertained that it would not impede the advance of the infantry columns through the narrow gorge alluded to. After passing the defile the infantry was promptly formed in line of battle, with the Second Division on the left, next the Third Division, and then the First Division in reserve, with the First New York Inde- pendent Battery, Lieut. W. H. Johnson commanding, on the right. The remaining artillery was promptly brought up, and three other bat- teries, viz, the Fifth Maine, Battery M, Fifth U. S. Artillery, and C, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, were placed in position on th Page 150 150 OPERATIONS IN N. YA., W. ~VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. corps front by the chief of artillery, Col. C. H. Tompkins. The Nine- teenth Corps, Brevet Major-General Emory commanding, followed, and was poSte(1 on the right of tbe pike, connecting with the Sixth Corps. The order of battle of this corps will no doubt be described by General Emory iii his report; that of the Sixth Corps was designed to be in two lines of the Second and Third Divisions, the First being held in reserve; but the necessities of the case required that the Second Divis- ion should be in great part in one line in order to cover the ground, as is more fully explained in the report of General Getty, commanding that division. As fast as the infantry arrived the cavalry of General Wilsons division was relieved, skirmishers were sent forward, and the cavalry battery replaced by the First New York Independent, as already stated. The formation was effected under a very annoying fire of the enemy. When the infantry lines of the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps were formed the order for advance was given. This was at 11.40 a. ni., and the two corps moved hai~dsomely to the front, driving foi a time everything before them. After a considerable advance of the infantry and artillery a most determined charge of the enemy was made on the left of the Nineteenth Corps, crowding it back, and then turning on the flank of the Third Division, Sixth Corps, threatened a disaster to the day. It was too early in the battle to choose to put in the reserve of the Sixth Corps, but seeing that the fate of the day depended on the employment of this force I at once sent it in, and directed Colonel Tompkins, chief of artillery, to hold two of his bat- teries in position and turn them on the advancing colnmm they being the only ones having a fire on this part of the enemys lines. The First Division moved admirably on the enemy, aimd the batteries with can- ister opened upon them with murderous effect, the two driving them back in much disorder. This was the turning point in the conflict. Getty, on the left, with part of Ricketts division imot involved in the break, maintained their front, and fell back only to secure their lines and preserve their connection with the right. For some timne after the opposing ranks were comparatively quiet,, neither side mak- ing any serious demonstration, the interval being employed in arrang- ing the lines and preparing for another advance. ln the meanwhile the command of Major-General Crook had been brought up, formed on the extreme right, and about 4 p. m. advanced upon the enemys left. Seeing the success of this movement, I at once ordered forward the Nineteentim aimd Sixtlm Corps, and ,a few moments later received orders to the same effect fromn Major-General Sheridan. From this moment till night closed the pursuit everything went favor-~ ably, the enemy being driven at all points toward and beyond Win- chester, though. many parts of our line met with obstinate and saii- guinary resistance at various points. Our men, however, were in the best of spirits, and nothing could resist their determined advance. After our forces reached Winchester the enemy mna(lC a show of stand- ing on the Strasburg road, and the Sixth and Nineteenth changed front with the design of again attacking, but the opposmug line fell back, and darkness and the exhausted condition of the men, whd had been on foot since 2 a. ni. and had gone through a long and hard con- tested battle, precluded farther pursuit for the time. Rest was abso- lutely indispensable to all, and the troops were ordered into camp for the night. In presenting this brief and very general description ot th~ events of the day, I have not attempted to give a (letaile(l account of th Page 151 eHAP. LV.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 1.51 gallant actions of the regiments, l)rigades, and divisions of the corps. They are shown in the reports of their commanders herewith, and are to be taken in connection with this in order to have a perfect idea of the obstinacy of the action, the various minor movements made by their respective commanders to meet the exigencies of the moment, and to present the gallant conduct of officers and men on this hard- fought field, to whose bravery the country is indebted, so far as this corps is concerned, for the success of the day. Neither have I referred to other commands further than was necessary to present a general and connected history of~the battle. Much in regard to them which fell under my own observation, and that of time most important and gallant character, has been omitted entirely as having no reference to the movements of tlmis corps. The battle of the Opeqnon affords a rare example in the many hard-fought fields of this war in which all the arms of service could co-operate with full effect. Infantry, cavalry, and artillery had their full share in the operations of the day, amid their movements were in entire harmony. The artillery of this corps alone expended eighteen army wagon-loads of ammunition, and all with good effect upon the results of the conflict. All of my batteries were effect- ively engaged. To specify particular officers or organizations where all did so well where almost every officer and man did his duty gallantly, would seem invidious, and I shall therefore speak only of my staff, who each and all performed their whole duty to my entire satisfaction and of the division commanders, Generals IRicketts, Getty, and Upton, and Colonel Tomp- kins, chief of artillery, who, by their gallantry and the skill with which they handled their respective commands, (lid much toward securing the successes of the day. For the distinguished services of brigade and regimental commanders and individual officers I would refer to the reports herewith. In closing this report I cannot refrain from adverting to the gallant commander of the First Division, Brig. Gen. D. A. Russell, who lost his life while bravely leading his command into action at a critical period of the battlean officer whose merits were imot measured by his rank, whose zeal never outran his discretion ,-whose abilities were never unequal to the occasion, a man tenderly just to his friends and heartily generous to his foes. Jn the memory of this entire command there will ever live a sincerity of admiration and respect, a richness of glorious recollections to foster the widespread influence which his life created, worthy only of such a character and of deeds like his. A nominal list of casualties accompanies this report ;* also the reports of Brig. Gen. B. Upton, while commanding First Division; Brig. Gen. G. W. Getty, commanding Second Division; Brig. Gemi. James B. IRicketts, commanding Third Division; Brig. Gen. D. D. Bidwell, com- manding Third Brigade, Second Division; Col. J. Xl. Warner, com- manding First Brigade, Second Division; Col. George P. Foster, com- manding Second Brigade, Second Divisioim; Col. 0. Edwards, com- manding Third Brigade, First Division; Brig. Gen. E. Upton, while in command of Second Brigade, First Division; Lieut. Col. B. L. Camp- bell, commanding First Brigade, First Division; Maj. Henry IR. Dalton, assistant adjutant-general, First Division; Col. Joseph E. Hamblin, commanding Second Brigade, First Division; Colonel Mackenzie, com- manding Second Connecticut volunteer Heavy Artillery; Captain Douw, commanding One hundred and twenty-first New York Volun- teers; Capt. H. C. Fisk, commanding Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers Embodied in table, p. 112 Page 152 152 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Ml)., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Capt. F. J. Randall, commanding Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volun. teers; Capt. James McKnight, commanding Battery M, Fifth U. S. Artillery; First Lieut. Jacob H. Lamb, commanding Battery C, First Rhode Island Light Artillery; First Lient. 0. It. Van Etten, commanding First New York Independent Battery; Capt. G. W. Adams, command- ing Battery G, First Rhode Island Light Artillery; Capt. G. T. Stevens, Fifth Battery Maine Volunteers Capt. W. H. McCartney, Battery A, Massachusetts Light Artillery. Respectfully submitted. H. G. WRIGHT, ]Iliajor- Genera?, Commanding Corps. Lieut. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- General, Middle Military T)irision. HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ARMY CORPS, October 18, 18G4. COLONEL: I have the honor to present the following report of the part taken by this corps in the battle at Fishers Hill on th~ 22d of September, including the operations of the preceding day, which were preliminary thereto: On the morning of the 20th of September the Sixth Corps moved about daylight from Winchester for Strasburg, taking the left of the pike, the Nineteenth Corps, Major-General Emory commanding, taking the right. Following the line of the pike, this corps crossed Cedar Creek, taking position on the right oyerlooking Strasbnrg, while the Nineteenth was posted on the left, extending nearly to the road from Strasbnrg to Front Royal, which was covered by a detached force from General Emory~s command. Early on the 21st, the Nineteenth Corps having been thrown forward with its left at the old fort near Stras- burg, I moved the Sixth Corps to the right, and, passing the Nine- teenth, drove off the enemys skirmishers and took position in front of the rebel intrenchments on Fishers Hill. Soon after establishing the linewhich was formed in the order from left to right of the First, Second, and part of the Third Divisions, the remainder of the latter being in reserveI went to the right in company with Major-General Sheridan, amid found the enemy iii possession of a position to the right and front which it was desirable to obtain, and which was strongly held by him. Three regiments, two from the Third and one vfrom the Second Division, were sent to take it, but without success, when the remainder of the First Brigade, Second Divisionto which one of these regiments belonge(l~-as ordered to carry it. It was done in the most gallant manner, Col. J. M. Warner, Eleventh Vermont (First Vermont Heavy Artillery), commanding the attacking force. This movement was of the greatest importance to the operations of the next day, as it gave us a view of the enemy~s line and afforded excellent positions for artillery, of which we availed ourselves in the more important struggle of the 22d. Having secured this commanding point, the corps was at once moved forward and to the right to occupy it, a movement which, in the darkness, and owing to the intricacies of the ground, cut up by ravines and covered by demise woods, took nearly all night to accomplish. This movement of theSixth Corps occasioned a corre- sponding one on the part of the Nineteenth, which was accomplished early the next morning. In tlmo meanwhile the troops had intrenched themselves and the positiomi was secure ammd the artillery lmad been brought forward Page 153 CHAP. IN.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 153 The plaii of attack upon the enemys line on the 22d was, that while the Army of West Yirginia, acting as a movable force, was to advance far to our right to turn the enemys left, the two other corps shonld engage him in front, and to secure the snecess of this movement the enemys skirmishers and sharpshooters, which almost turned our right, were to be driven back and the artillery on his left silenced. To efibet this mcketts division was sent to the right with orders to drive off the skirmishers already spoken of, and then to advance to a designated iosition in front. In this movement IRicketts was to be accompanied by the cavalry comniand of Averell so as to permit Crooks infantry to advance around the right and turn the enemys~ left unperceived. IRicketts movement was an entire success. The three rifle batteries of the Sixth Corps were put in position and by their effective fire aided much in the success of the whole movement, firing not only on the enemys batteries bearing upon Ricketts, but upon a battery farther to our right which was being used with mnuch effect on Crooks advancing column. Soon after IRicketts had gained the designated position the other two divisions of the corps were advanced to within some 700 or 800 yards of the enemnys works. Orders were sent to IRicketts to assault as soon as Crook gained his flank, which lie did in the muost gallant and successful manner, while almost simultaneously the Second and First Divisions were moved on tile enemys works. The result was a comu- l)lete success. The enemy was driven from his almost inipregnable line in perfect disorder, prisoners and artillery falling imito onr hands, while his forces fled in the greatest disorder. Nothing but night saved his army from utter annihilation. Some of the positions assaulted by the corps were almost unassailable, the approaches being difficult to climb, amid the works covered by abatis of no mean strength. Yet our men, flushed with the victory of the Opequon, disregarding all obstacles, and under a heavy fire of artillery amid infantry, moved gallamitly for- ward, carried the works and pursued the enemy till after dark, when theywere halted to adjust their lines broken up in the attack over ground almost impassable. After the delay necessary to this formation of the lines the troops, though much exhausted, were pushed forward in pursuit, the Nineteenth Corps lesding, and soon after daylight were halted beyond Woodstock for rest amid refreshmemit.- The annals of the war present, perhaps, no more glorious victory than this. The enemys lines, chosen in an almost inipregnable position, amid fortified with much care, had been niost gallantly carried by assault, capturing most of his artillery, a large number of prisoners, and send- ing his army 0mm the mini, in the most disorderly manner; amid all this from the impetuosity of tIme attack, with an absurdly small loss on our I)art. As at the battle of the Opequon three days before, all, both officers and memi, behaved splendidly, and it is scarcely just to discrimninate. As then, the division commanders, Generals IRicketts, Getty, amid Wheaton, (hiS- tiugnished themselves for the gallantry with which they fought their commands, and are entitled to the acknowledgments of the Government, as are the conimanders of brigades and regiments, with numerous indi- vidual officers, for whose conduct on that day, I refer with pleasure to the reports herewith. To my owmu staff I desire to express my acknowledgments, as hereto- fore, on many a well-fought field, they one amid all did their duty gal- lantly and well regardless of danger. To the noble corps of the Americami army which I have the honor to command I desire to express my acknowledgments for their gallan Page 154 154 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. 1A conduct, both officers aild men, in the battles of the 19th aud 224 of September. As in the many fiercely con tested struggles from the iRapidan to Petersburg, they have earned by their bravery, their successes, and their losses the gratitude of their country and the cause for which have , e approval of their fellow they battled and th sol(liers, side by side with whom they have fought. And their crown- ing achievements in the l)attles of the Valley will be looked upon with pride by each and every one of them, whose greatest glory will be the claim to have belonged to the Army of the Shenandoah. A nominal list* of casualties accompanies this report; also the reports of Brig. E~en. U. W. Getty, commanding Second Division; Brig. (z~en. J. B. lticketts, commanding Third Division; Brig. Gen. D. 1). Bidwehl, commanding Third Brigade, Second i)ivision; (Jol. J. M. Warner, commanding First Brigade, Seco rid 1)ivision; Col. GeorgeP. Foster, commanding Second Brigade, Second Division; Lieut. Col. E. L. Campbell, commanding First Brigade, First Division; Col. Joseph B. Hamblin, commanding Second Brigade, First Division; Colonel Mac- kenzie, commanding Second Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery; Lieutenant-Colonel Olcott, commanding One h nndred and twenty-first ~ew York Volunteers; Capt. H. C. Fisk, commanding Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers; Capt. F. J. Randall, co~iunanding Ninety-fifth Penn- sylvania Volunteers; Capt. James MeKnight, commnamiding Battery M, Fifth U. S. Artillery; First Lient. J. H. Lamb, comma ndimmg Battery C, First Rhode Island Light Artillery; Licut. 0. li. Van Etten, commanding FiLst New York Independent Battery; Capt. U. W. Adams, command- ing Battery U, First Rhode Island Light Artillery; Capt. U. T. Stevens, commanding Fifth Battery Maine Volunteers; Capt. W. H. McCartney, commanding Battery A, Massachusetts Light Artillery. Respectfully submitted. H. G. WRIGHT, ]I~rajor-Generai, Commanding Corps. Lient. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- General, Middle Military Division. HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ARMY CORPS, October 18, 1864. COLONEL: In compliance with orders from headquarters Middle Mil- itary Division, I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this command from the tim~of the formation of the Mid- dle Military Division up to the I 0th instant: On tIme 6th day of August this corps arrived at Hailtown from the Monocacy River and took position there on the right, the Secoimd Divis- ion, Brigadier-General Getty, resting near to and on the right of- the pike, connecting with the Nineteenth Corps, the Third Division, Briga- dier-General Ricketts, on the right of the Second, and the First Divis- ion, Brigadier-General Russell, on the right and rear of the Third, extending almost to the Potomac, with the I)icket-hine reaching to that river. The corps remained in this position until the morning of the 10th, when it moved at 5 a. in., under directions from headquarters Middle Military Division~ through Charlestown, arid thence to a point on the Berryville and Middleway l)ike abont one mile and a half from its junction with the Winchester and Berryville pike, amid designated in Emhodie(1 ill t~11)1(, 1~ 120 Page 155 CHAP. LV) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 155 the order oU march as Clifton. It encamped here that night, the Nine- teenth Corps being on its left, and Colonel Lowells brigade of cavalry at Summit Point. On the Inornino of the 11th, at ~ a. in., the march was resumed, the corps moving to the ford of the Opeqnon Creek on the Winchester and Berryville pike. The enemy held the crossing ou the previous evening, citizens reporting that I3reckiiirid~es corps was there, with ~ine cavalry. The infantry fell back dnring the night, aII(1 111)011 onr a~Fvance a small force of cavalry only was found, and this imimmediately withdrew. After halting about three hours orders were received to move up the right bank of the creek to its crossing on the Millwood pike. This point was reached about 5 p. in. and the corps encamped there for the night, moving at 6 the next morning, by the way of Newtown and ilVliddletown, to the crossing of Cedar Creek on the Strnsburg pike. General Crook had arrived with his command before the arrival of mine, and found the enemys skirmishers on the sonth si(le of the creek. Upon the arrival of my corps skirmishers from the two commands were sent over the creek those from General Crook on the left of the pike, mnimme on the right. A slight skirmish fire was kept up from abont 4 in the afternoon nntil 8. The enemy withdrew before daylight of the 13th, and at 7 a. m. of that day this corps received orders and moved toward Strasbnrg. The emiemny was found in position at Fishers Hill, about two miles south of Strasburg. At night, in con seqnence of relI)orts of the enemy being largely re-enforced, the corps was withdrawn to the north side of Cedar. Creek, the troops ocenpying their camps ~f the day before, amid the picket-line being well advanced on the south side. The enemy was foummd the neit morning in his position of the 12th, with a picketline in fiomit of ours. In the afternoon, by direction of the major-general commnandimig, I advammeed my line, the First Brigade, First Division (Jersey brigade), moving in support. The enemnys line was forced back after some little firing. On the afternoon of the 15th the enemy made an attack on Gemmeral Crooks pickets on the left of the pike, and his having moved back, my left, being nnsnpported, fell back a short dis- tance, but was ordered to push forward, ammd at ommee regained its former position. At S p. m. of the 16th the army commnenced withdrawing. Timis corps covered the movement, inarchimmg all night, ammd reaching XX mnchester about 5 oclock the next morning, where it halted for break- fist, thence moving to the crossing of time Opequon, on the Berryville and Wimmchester pike, and there going into camp. The First Brigade, First Division (Jersey brigade), was left at Winchester, reporting to General Torbert, chief of cavalry, at that place, and was attacked on the afternoon of the 17th, losing about 250, mostly prisoners. Of this affair no rel)ort has been received. On the morning of the 18th the corps moved to Welchs Spring, on the Charlestown and Middleway l)ike, about two miles from Charlestown, arriving there at 6 p. m. lt then went into camp, the First Division oim the right of time pike, the Second omi the left, and the Third in reserve, ammd remained in quiet until Sunday, the 21st. 0mm the morning of this day immformation came that our cavalry at Middleway had been attacked and.driven off. I immediately sent staff officers to the division comnmuanders with direc- tions for them to have their troops on the alert, and be ready for an attack by the enemy. Before these officers could reach the divisiomi (Onunanders firing was heard on our picket-line. The enemy developed rapidly, mainly on the south side of the road; and kept up a sharp fire, drivimmg in our line on timat side of the l)ike. it was not sllp~)0sed that an advamice in force comll(l be made, witlmout mmotice from onr cavalry i Page 156 15G OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. front, hence this sudden attack of the enemy was almost a surprise, but the troops were soon ready, and the Third Division (Brigadier-General Ricketts) was transferred from its position in reserve to the left of the line, where General Crook afterward connected with him. Our original position was regained, and the corps ready to repulse any further attack or make one if ordered. The First Division of the Nineteenth Corps moved about noon, and connected with my right, lie lossof the corps here was abont 260 killed and wounded, a large pr ortion being from the Second Division, whose conduct on this occasion cannot be too highly praised. At midnight, by orders from the major-general commanding Middle Military Division, the corps moved to its old posi- tion at Halltown, covering the infantry movement, reaching that place a little after daylight on the morning of the 22d. It remained here until the 28th, there beii~g no skirmishing or firing in my front, thongh some on the front of the rest of the army. At 7 a. m. of the 28th the corps moved without opposition, and took up about the same position occupied by it before on the pike from Charlestown to Middleway, with the Nineteenth Corps connecting on the left. On the 29th, in the afternoon, the cavalry being pushed back from Middleway and toward the position occupied by this corps, the Third Division was moved out and advanced, in conjunction with the cavalry, to Middleway. A few shots only were fired. The division re- mained at Smithfield ui~til dark, when it was withdrawn to a position about two miles in rear. The corps remained at its position near Charlestown until the morning of September 3 when it moved to the position heretofore sl)oken of, designated as Clifton. On the 13th a reconnaissance was made by the Second 1)ivision, Brigadier-General Getty, in conjunc- tion with the cavalry, to Gilberts Ford, on the Opequon. Gettys di- vision reached the creek after General Custer had ascertained that the enemys infantry was there, and after he had opened fire upon it. The enemys infantry was found in some force. A few inert pushed over de- veloped a still stronger force, till the exhibition of strength showed that the enemy was there in strong force. My orders being not to bring on an engagement, I did not attack. The division remained there until after dark, when it returned to camp, the losses having been ten or twelve wounded. With the exceptiomi of this reconnaissance the corps remained in camp with nothing of interest occurring from the 3d of September until the 19th, when it moved across the Opequon and took part in the battle near Winchester. As directed by orders from head- quarters Middle Military Division, a special report of the operations of this corps in that engagement and the one at Fishers lull, which suc- ceeded, accompanies this report.* On the night of the 19th the corps encamped at Winchester, amid the next day moved to near Strasburg. On the 21st, toward evening, we took an advanced position held by the enemy on our right, with some brief but sharp fighting, ~parts of the Second and Third Divisions being engaged. On the miext (lay Fishers Hill was captured an(l the enemy pursued all night by the Nineteenth Corps an(l time Sixth, the former in advance. The command of tIme two corps had been committed to mne by Major-General Sheridan. The troops reached Woodstock and were established in camp a little after daylight. The head of the colmnnmr was fired into once on the route, which occasione(l a momentary (listlirbance, l)ut everything was soon rioht and the colnmnu moved on without fur- See pp. 149, 152 Page 157 CHAF. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 157. thei attempt at opposition. The command rested at Woodstock until I p. in., when we moved about a mile to the sout1~ of Edenburg; and the next morning I was ordered to move with the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps against the enemy, who was reported to have made a stand at Mount Jackson. His skirmishers were found at this place, driven through the town, and they then fell back to a line of battle which had been formed byblmn on Rudes Hill. My advanced batteries commenced shelling his position. Before the troops could be formed to attack, the enemy abandoned the position; we followedthis corps on the left, the Nineteenth on the right of the pike, General Devin, with a small part of his brigade of cavalry, in advance. The pursuit was continued for the whole day. Every attempt was made to engage the enemy but without success. Notwithstanding the great labors and fi~tigues brought about by battles and marches since the morning of the 19th, there was no lack of disposition on the part of the officers and men to bring the enemy to fight. One stretch of thirteen miles was made with- out a halt on the part of the infantry. Battery G, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, Capt. G. W. Adams counnanding, and the First New York Independent Battery, Lieutenant Yan Etten commanding, moved with the skirmish line of the cavalry most of the time, and whenever the slightest show of a stand was mnade by the enemy, opened upon him. The infantry skirmish line was not engaged until almost dark, and then for a short time only. Nothing could indnce the enemy to favor us with an engagement, and the troops, very much exhausted, went iimto camp at dark about four miles south of New Market. September 25 we moved to Harrisonburg, went into camp, ammd remained there until the muorning of the 29t1m, when I proceeded, by direction of the major-general commanding Middle Military Division, with the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps to Mount Crawford to suJ)port the cavalry in case of a movement in force upomi it by the enemy in its return fromn the operations in which it had been engaged at Stauiiton amid elsewhere. The next day we returned to Harrisonburg and resumed our old camps, nothing worthy of note having occurred on the trip. We remained in camp at Harrisonburg until the morning of October 6, when, breaking camp, at 5.30 a. mu., we started for Strasburg, reachiimg that place October 8, having muarched on the 6th to Rudes Hill, thence on the 7th to about two miles north of Woodstock, on the 8th to Strasburg. The corps remained on the 9th at the last-named place. This brings us to the time indicated by the order directing this report to be made. Fromu the length of time embraced this report is necessarily general, is little more than a mere record of the events which have takemi place, but I cannot close it without saying in how great a degree miiny timanks are due to the officers and men of this corps for the patient endurance and bravery displayed in the occurrences mentioned herein. I desire to renew the recommendations heretofore made to the major-general commanding, and if it is decided to confer brevets for any grade less than that of general officer, I shall take i)leasmire in hereafter for- warding the names of officers particularly deservimig notice and advance. ment. Respectfully submitted. H. (1. WRIGhT, Major- General, Commanding Corps. Lient. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjntant- General Page 158 158 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. {CHAP. LV. HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DivIsioN OF THE GULF, ~alrc8ton, Tex., 2vove~nber 27, 1865. GENERAL: I have the honor to present the following report of the l)art taken by the Sixth Corps in the battle of Cedar Creek on the 19th of October. 1864, premising that as all the records of the corps were turned in to the office of the Adjutant-General of the Army oii the dis- continuance of the corps iii June last, .1 am unable to refer to any of the sub-reports so as to transmit them herewith. As I was the ranking officer of the forces, in the absence of Major- General Sheridan, when the b:ittle began, it will be necessary to a clear narrative of the events of the day to commence on the evening of the 18th. About 9 oclock of that evening I was called upon by Major- General Crook, commanding the Army of West Virginia, who reported that the reconnaissance of a brigade sent out by him that day to ascer- tain the position of the enemy had returned to camp and reported that nothing was to be fonnd in his old camp and that he bad doubtless retreated up the Valley. It should be borne in mind that the destine- tion of all supplies by our forces between our position at Cedar Creek and Staunton had made it hecessary for the enemy to supply his force from the latter place by wagons, and consequently we had been expect- ing for some days that lie would either attack us or be compelled to fall back for the supplies, which it was believed he could not transport in sufficient quantity by his trains. This view of the matter, which is still believed to have been sound, lent the stamp of probability to the report of the reconnoitering party, but anxious to place the truth of the report beyond a doubt, I at once ordered two recommnaissances to start at the first dawn of the morning, one of a brigade of infantry to move out upon and follow the general direction of the pike leading up the valley, the other, also a brigade, to take the Back road some three miles to the westward and nearly parallel to the former, with instructions to move forward till the enemy was found and strongly felt, so as to clearly ascertain his intentions. The first party, was to be drawn from the Nineteenth Corps, the otlmer from the cavalry. At time first blush of dawn the camps were assaulted by a considerable mnusketry fire upon our extreme left and a fire of a much slighter character upon our right. A moments hesitatiomi convinced me that the former was the real attack, and I at once proceeded to that point, the firing meanwhile growing heavier. Becoming assured that I was not mistaken as to which was the attack to be resisted in force, I sent back orders to Brevet Major-General IRicketts, corn manding the Sixth Corps in my abseimee, to send me two divisions of his command at ommee, and taking the brigade of the Nine- teemith Corps (before alluded [to] as ordered on time reconnaissance an(l which wasjust starting) I proceeded to place it ammd the troops of General Crooks second line in position on a ridge to the eastward of and nearly parallel to the pike, connecting them with the left of the Nineteenth Corps. As th~ two divisions of the Sixth Corps, ordered from the right of the line to the left, could reach that point within twenty minutes of the time that the line referred to was formed, and as the position taken up was a satisfactory one, there was, in my judgment, no occasion for apprehension as to the result, and I felt every confidence that the enenuy would be promptly repulsed. In this anticipation, however, I was sadly disappointed. Influemmeed by a panic which often seizes the best troops, and some of these I had seen behave admirably under the hottest fire, the line broke before the enemny fairly came in sight, and under a slight scattering fire retreated in disorder down the pike. Seeing that no part of the original line could be held, as the enemy was already on th Page 159 CHAP. LV.] THE.SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 159 left flank of the Nineteenth Corps, I at once sent orders to the Sixth Corps to fall back to some tenable position in rear; and to General Emory, commanding the Nineteenth Corps, that as his left was turned lie should fall back and take position on the right of the Sixth. I 5110111(1, perhaps, have stated that upon the original line the forces from left to right were l)osted in t1~e order of first, the Army of West Vir- ginia, Major-General Crook commanding; second, the Nineteenth Corps, Brevet Major-General Emory commanding; third, the Sixth Corps, commanded by myself, and in my absence by Brevet Major-General Ricketts. The cavalry, under the command of Brevet Major-General Torbert, was disposed upon the two flanks. The first lines of the Army of West Virginia and the Nineteenth Corps were imitrenched, but the Sixth Corps was not, as its naturally strong position rendered any (lefenses unnecessary. Indeed the latter was held with a view to its acting rather as a movable force than as a part of the line. Returning from this digressiomi and resuming the narrative, the Sixth Corps, of which two divisions were on the march to the support of the left, at once moved to the rear on receiving instructions to that effect, as did the Nineteenth Corps, which had been slightly engaged with a portion of the rebel force, which had evidently attacked by way of a diversion. About this time General iRicketts was seriously wounded amid the comumamid of the Sixth Corps devolved upon Brevet Major-Germ- eral Getty, who moved steadily to the rear, and by well timed attacks did much toward checking the enemys advance, giving tinme thereby for the change of front which was necessary and for taking up the new l)osition. A portion of the First Division, under Generals Wheaton and Mackenzie, and a part of the intrtillery of the corps, also behaved admi-, rably in checking time enemy and giving time for the rest of the troops to take position. Several pieces of the artillery were lost here, it beimig impossible to brimmg oft the guns, owing to their horses being killed. Meanwhile the Seenud Division had taken up time position indicated, with its left resting on the pike. The Third and First were forming on its right, while on time right of the Sixth Corps time Nineteenth was being formed. One or two not very persistent attacks had been repnlsed. About this time Major-General Sheridan came up amid assumed coummuand and 1 returned to the command of the Sixth Corps. Soon after the lines imad been fully formed the enemny made a shari) attack upon the Sixth Corps, but was rudely -repulsed, falling back several hundred yards to a stone wall behind which a part of his line took shelter. The position of the troops at this timne from left to right was, first, the Second, Third, and First Divisions of the Sixth Corps; second, the Nineteenth Corps, the cavalry being on both flanks. Every- thing having been prepared amid the men somewhat rested fromn the fatigue of the morning, an advance was ordered by General Sheridan of the entire line. The Second and First Divisions moved forward steadily, but the Third was for a time seriously checked by the fire from behimmd the stomme wall before alluded to. A movement made by the Nhmeteenth Corps toward flamiking this wall (in which a regiment of the Third Division, Sixth Corps, detached for the purpose, took l)alt) shook the enemy, and a gallant charge of the line started him into full flight, pursued by our victorious forces. But little further resistance was experienced in the advance to Cedar Creek, where our infantry was halted iii its old camp, while the pursuit was contimmued by the cavalry. The enemy being entirely demoralized and his ranks completely broken, he retreated without regard to order. The battle, which in its earlie Page 160 160 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP LV. stages looked anything but favorable for our success and occasioned a fear of defeat to many a brave hearted soldier, resulted through the admirable courage of our troops, the bravery and good conduct of their officers, and the persistence of the commander of the army, in a com- plete victory. It may be proper that I should say sonwthing iu the way of explana- tiou of the causes of the comparatively easy success of the enemy in the early part of the action. To the professional soldier it will be a subject of interest, even if it is lost to others, now that the war is over and~his battle is partially forgotten with the many other as hard fought fields, yet in justice to those engaged it may be well to explain some points of which many are of course ignorant. 1 have already referred to the reported result of the reconnaissance of the preceding day, which was to the effect that the enemy had retreated up the valley. That this was not true is now well known, but how the mistake was made is not easily explained. Probably the force had not advanced so far as it supposed, and had not really reached the enemys lines, which were some miles in advance of ours. However this may be, I have no question that the belief in the retreat of the enemy was generally entertained throughout the reconnoitering force. Again this force, which, as before remarked, was from the Army of West Virginia, returned to camp through its own lines and must have made known to the troops its receive(l belief in the enemys retreat. Now it happens that the advance of the enemy was made upon this part of the line. The surprise was complete, for the pickets did not fire a shot, and the first indication of the enemys presence w~s a volley into the main line where the men of a part of the regiments were at reveille roll-call with- out arms. As the entire picket-line over that part crossed by the enemy was captured without a shot being fired, iio explanation could be obtained from any of the men composing it, but it is fair to suppose that they were lulled into an unusual security by the report of the previous evening that the enemy had fallen back and that there was consequently no danger to be apprehended. This supposition seems to me likely enough. It certainly goes far towar(I explaining how an enemy in force passed and captured a strong and well connected picket- line of old soldiers without occasioning alarm, and gave as a first warning of its presence a volley of musketry into the main line of unarmed soldiers. It was reported in camp that he first relieved a part of our lines by his own men dressed in our uniform, but I have never been able to confirm this rumor. The proceedings up to this point were bad enough for us, as it gave the enemy, almost without a struggle, the entire left of our line with considerable artillery, not a gun of which had fired a shot. But the reserve of this line was posted a considerable distance in its rear, where it could be made available as a movable force, and was well situated to operate upon any force attempting to turn our left. It was in no way involved in the disaster of the first line, which was, after all, but a small part of our whole force, being only one weak division, and its loss was in no wise to be taken as deciding the fate of the day. With the other trool)s brought up, this supporting division was in good position to offer sturdy battle, with every prospect of repulsing the enemy, and aided, as it soon would have been, by the rest of the force, the chances were largely in our favor. Here the battle should have been fought and won, and long before midday the di~comiufited enemy should have been driven across Cedar CreeK stripped of all the captures of his Erst attack, bu Page 161 0Kw. LY.J THE SHENANDoAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 161 from some unexplainable cause the troops forming this part of the line would not stand but broke under a scattering fire, which should not have occasioned the slightest a rehenslon in raw recruits much less hold soldiers like themselves. Most officers who have served through this war have had instances of the same kind in their own experience, and will therefore readily understand this, though they may find them selves as much at a loss for a satisfactory explanation of its cause. It was the breaking of this line which involired the necessity of falling back. A change of front was necessary, and this must be made to a position which would place our force between the enemy and our base. That there was no intention of retreating the soldiers who stood fire clearly understood, and when once brought into the new position in the face of the enemy they were ready to advance upon him, as was shown by their magnificent attack when ordered forward. To the Sixth Corp~ which itism~honortocommand after the death of ~tnoble soldier Sedqwlck to its officers and its men, Idesireto acknowledge the obligation widch, in addition to the many others it has imposed, It laid upon the country byits steadiness, courage, and dis- cipline in this Important battle. Without disparaement to the sol- dierly qualities of other organizations concerned itis but just to claim for it a large share in the successes of the day. !Being from the nature of the attack upon our lines somewhat in the position of a reserve force and therefore fairly to be called upon to turn the tide of unsucc~ss- fal battle, it came up nobly to its duty, hilly sustaining its former well- earned laurels. To the commanders, one and all, the full meed of thanks is due. That they bore themselves bravely is evidenced by the fact that of the general officers one was killed, five more or less seriously wounded, and all lost their horses from the enemys bullets, while the list of cbsual- ties will show that their subordinates were in no degree behind them in gallantry and devotion to duty. In one division there was but one field officer for duty when the battle was over. Where all did so well, it may seem invidious to attempt to discrimi- nate, but I desire to call attention to the division commanders to whom so much of the success of the day was due. Brevet Major-General Bick. etts was severely wounded early in the action. Brevet Major-General Getty, subsequently in command of the corps till it was resumed by me after the arrival of Major-General Sheridan, stoutly contested the enemys advance and gave time thereby for the necessary formations. Brevet Major-General Wheaton, who conducted himself gallantly, and Bripdler-General Keifer, who was in command of the Third Division during the entire day General Bicketts being first in command of the corps and subsequentIy taken wounded from the field. To my own staff also I was as usual under great obligations for important services rendered, often in circumstances of the greatest dan. ger. Their names have already been submitted to the War Depart. ment and their merits acknowledged by the Government. Respectfully submitted. H. G. WRIGHT 2fjor.Gerni of Volunteers, Commadiug Sketk S.,7,.. Bvt Brig. Gen. G. A. FoRsYTH, 0kW.! KuL U s RvoL am, n Page 162 162 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. No. i2. Report of Brig. (lea. Emory Upton, U. S. Army, corn 1)laadiflg First Dirisiou, oj operations September 19. IIEADOLTARTERS FIRST 1)ivIsIo~, SlxTn An~iv Coups, September 19, ISGI. MAjon: I have the honor to submit the followivr~ report of the operations of the First Division while inider iuy (omman(I in the battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864: Immediately after assuming command the line was straightened by moving forward the First and Third Brigades. The divisioll was posted in One line, from right to left, as follows, viz: Second Connect- icut Heavy Artillery, Sixty-fifth New X ork Volunteers, Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Volunteers, One hundred and twenty-first New York Volunteers, Fifteenth New Jersey Volunteers, First and Third Bri- gades. In the early part of tile em~ageinent other troops became mixed up with tile First and the Third Brigades, making it extremely hazardous, if not impossible, to restore the proper, order while under fire. The right of the line was refused at an angle of 30 degrees. On onr right was a portion of the Nineteenth Corps. Having been informed by Major Forsyth that General Crook was to make a charge on our extreme rmoht when the movement counnenced, tile Second Connecticut Volunteer Artillery was ordered forward and directed to open fire on the enemy posted in a wood opposite our right. The Sixty-fifth New York was ordered forward on the left of the Second Connecticut Volunteer Artillery. Subjected to a brisk musketry fire, and pressed On his extreme left by Crooks commnand, the enemy gave way from the wood in great confusion. The right of the division w 5 moved forward to a fence, behind whieh the enemy maintained his position opposite the left of the Second Brigade. Colonel Mackenzie, Second Connecticut Vol- unteer Artillery, threw forward his right wing, an(l opening a flank fire, S00~ compelled him to retire. Colonel ilamublin then moved for- ward the left of his line to the fence. The division being in but one line and without support, a staff officer was sent to a brigade of the Nine- teenth Corps, about half a mile in the rear, to bring it forward if possible, but it was not permitted to advance. Driven from the wood on his left, and compelled to retire in our front, the enemy formed his line along the crest neam a brick house on the Berryville pike, his left being retllse(I at a right angle, the angle being opposite the right of First Division. Ilepeated eftbrts had been made to have Colonel Thomas, ot the Nineteenth Corps, open fire on the eneimmys line refused, which from behind a stone wall was resistimmg General Crooks a(lvance. Upon his failing to open fire, Colonel Mackenzie was directed to take, first four comn- pamnes, then his whole regiment, forward to a l)ositiomm at riglmt angles to the wall. As SOOII as in position he opened fire, enfilading time wall and driving the enemy quickly from his position. Colommel Ii amblimm at the same tinle moved forward his line, connecting with the Second Connecticut. Coloimel Mackenzie was then directed to change frommt forward on his left, and mnoviimg slightly by the riglmt flank, his right connected with General Crooks left, behind the stone wall from which the enenmy had just been driven. Colonel Ilamblin was directed to change front tom-ward on his left while at the same tinme orders were sent to Colonel Edwards and Colonel Camnpbell to advance the Third and First Brigades. As soon as Colonel I-Iambliii anti Colonel Macken- zie had clmangcd front, they agaimm opened fire upon the enemy posted o Page 163 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 163 the crest near the brick house. He immediately gave way, when a charge gave ns possession of the crest which completely commanded the enemys final position. Just as the crest was gained, Colonel Edwards emerged from the woods with his brigade marching in beautiful order and giving great confidence to the troops engaged. At this moment, being disabled, the command of the division devolved upon Colonel Edw-ards, of the Third Brigade. The conduct of both officers and men during the engagement was admirable. There was no straggling, while every one seeing our advan- tages pressed forward with great enthusiasm. Colonel Hamblin com- manded his brigade very successfully during the action. Colonel Mackenzie is entitled to especial mention for the fearlessness with which he led his regiment and the ability he displayed in commanding it during the entire action. His regiment on the right initiated nearly every movement of the division and behaved with great steadiness and gallantry. The Sixty-fifth New York, Thirty seventh Massachu- setts, One hundred and twenty-first New York, and Fifteenth New Jersey Volunteers charged the crest near the brick house, carrying it in most beautiful style. Maj. H. R. Dalton, assistant adjutant-general of the division,- Capt. William P. Rooine, assistant adjutant-general, Second Brigade, and Captain Russell, aide-dc-camp, distinguished themselves by repeated acts of gallantry. Without hint or suggestion these officers hastened wherever danger was the most threatening, and by their personal example contributed greatly to the success of the day. I have never known in battle staff officers to do their duty more nobly or efficiently. Capt. A. IVII. Tyler, commissary of musters of the division, while in front of a regiment leading it into action, was wounded and had his horse shot. I am, major, very resl)ecttlllly, your obedient servant, E. UPTON, Maj. C. A. WHiTTIER, Brigadier-General, Commanding. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Sixth Corps. No. 1.3. Report of iEaj. Henry P. Dalton, Assistant Adjutant- General, TX S. Army, of operations of the First Division September 19. HEADQITARTERS ErnsT DIVISION, SIXTH Coups, September 30, 1864. MAJGPL: I have the honor to forward the following report of the operations of this command at the late engagement at the Opequon, in compliance with orders from headquarters Sixth Army Corps, of the 2~ith instant: On Monday, the 19th instant, the division broke camp at 2 a. in.; moved across country to the Berryville pike; from thence via the pike to within three miles of Winchester, when it went into position in support of the other divisions of the corpsthe First Brigade, Lient Col. E. L. Campbell, Fifteenth New Jersey Volnuteers, commanding, supporting the Third Division on the left of the pike; the Third Brigade, Col. 0. Edwards, Thirty- seventh Massachnsetts Volunteers, commanding, on the left of the pike, supporting the Second Division; the Second Br Page 164 [CHAP. LV. 164 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. gade moving by the flank up the pike. The enemy having pushed back the Second Division of the iNineteenth Corps and a portion of the Third Division of this corps, moved down toward the pike, delivering a severe fire of musketry from the woods and corn-fields on the right. The Third Brigade was now rapidly moved by the flank to the right of the pike, then forward, with the First Brigade, under a heavy fire, to a crest commanding the woods and field through which the enemy moved. This advance was very much assisted by the First New York Battery, commanded by Lieutenant Johnson, which did splendid execution, and was fought with gallantry, nnder a very annoying musketry fire. At this time General Upton moved his brigade into line to the right of the pike at an oblique angle to it, thence forward into the woods, deliver- ing heavy volleys into masses of the enemy, who were coming up. This fresh fire from the Second Brigade soon caused the enemy to fall back so that the whole line moved forward to a position which was easily held till the latter part of the afternoon, though occasionally sharp musketry fire was interchanged. While personally superintend- ing the advance of the First and Third Brigades to the crest previously referred to, and which he considered of the utmost importance, General IRasseil was killed by a piece of shell, which passed through his heart. He had jnst before received a bullet wound in the left breast, bnt had not mentioned this to any of his staft; continuing to urge forward his troops. In this advance Capt. A. M. Tyler, commissary of masters of the division, was severely wounded in the hand while leading the Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Volunteers, belonging to the Third Brigade. On the death of General Russell, Brig. Gen. Emory Upton assumed command, by order of Maj. Gen. II. G. Wright, bat there being ne& es- sarily some delay in giving information of General Russells death to General Wright, and transmitting the order of General Wright to General Upton to take command, Col. 0. Edwards superintended the movements of his own and the First Brigade, carrying out the design of General Russell, which he did, fighting his troops with great gal- lantry and coolness. The formation of the division after the engage- inent of the morning, being from left to rightThird Brigade, First Brigade, Second Brigadethe left resting near the house on or near the pike, the right brigade crotcheted to the rear and one regiment on its right at right angles, making a connection with the general line of the Nineteenth Corps, Brigadier-General Grovers division, though in advance of it some 150 yards. At 4 p. in., the enemy having been routed on the right by the charge of General Crooks troops, moved down in some confusion along the front of the Nineteenth Corps, and that of the Second Brigade. This being observed, General Upton ordered the right regiment, mentioned above, to move forward double- quick to a crest some 200 yards in advance, which it did under an annoying musketry fire; from this crest a well-directed fire on the enemy caused him to continue his flight in still greater confusion than before. The remainder of this brigade was then swung round and hw- warded, the left being the pivot, and a connection was formed with General Crooks command, Col. George Iii. Wells brigade when a general advance was made from crest to crest, the enemy giving way without serious opposition. During this general advance, Brigadier-General Upton was wounded by a shell while urging forward the troops. The command then devolved upon Col. 0. Edwards, Thirty-seventh Massa- chusetts Volunteers, under whose superintendence the division mad Page 165 CHAP. Lv.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 165 its final forward movement, carrying the last crest contested for by the enemy. At (lark the division bivouacked on the east side of Wjn- chester. The death of Brig. Gen. D. A. Russell, and the absence of Brig. Gen. E. Upton, on account of his wound, renders it necessary that this report should be submitted by the undersigned. The reports of brigade commanders, with their lists of casualties, together with a consolidated list, is herewith transmitted.* It is not inappropriate before concluding this report to refer to the blameless life and noble death of the late commander of this division. General Russell had the entire confidence of his officers and men; there was not a single exception. He had won their respect and confidence by an unselfish life, devoted to no other interest but that of his country. His death will long be regretted by them. To his nearer friends Gen- eral IRussells life will always be remembered with affection, his death most deeply mourned. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, HENRY R. DALTON, I\Jaj. C. A. WHITTIER, Assistant Adjutant-4~eneral. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, & rth Corps. No. 14. Reports ~f Capt. Baldwin Hufty, Fourth New Jersey Infantry, corn- rnccnding First Brigade, of operations August ~iOOctober 15 and Octo- ber 1.9. HDQRS. FIRST BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, SIXTH CORPS, October 25, 1864. SIR: In compliance with Special Orders, No. 56, headquarters Middle Military Division, October 15, 1864, I have the honor to forward the following report of the operations of this brigade from the organization of the Middle Military Division: On the 10th day of August the brigade took up the line of march from Bolivar Heights, passing through Charlestown, Va., leaving Win. chester to the right, and taking the road to Strasbnrg, which place we ieached on the morning of August 13. On the 14th day of August the brigade was ordered to the support of the skirmish line, which ad- vanced in the course of the afternoon, driving the rebel skirmishers before it, but not requiring any assistance from the brigade. On the morning of the 15th the whole of the brigade was deployed as skirmish- ers, occupying an extended line. A portion of the line was advanced in the morning, driving the rebel skirmish line beyond the town of Stras- burg. The advanced line was afterward withdrawn to its original position. In the afternoon the enemy made a determined attack upon oar lines; succeeded in pushing us back 300 yards. The men were, however, easily rallied, returned to the attack, and regained their old position, which we were successful in holding the remainder of the afternoon in spite of the efforts of the enemy to dislodge us. On the night of the 16th our brigade was withdrawn from its advanced posi- tion, and With the balance of the army took up the march for Winches- Embodied in table, p. 112 Page 166 [CHAP. LV. 1(36 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ter, which place we reached soon after daylight the iiext morning. Upon arriving at Winchester, Colonel Penrose, commanding brigade, received an order for the brigade to remain at Winchester, and to report to General Torbert, chief of cavalry, for orders. Colonel Pen- rose was ordered by General rforbert to place his brigade in position on the southwest of the town, covering all the roads leading to the placethe Fifteenth New Jersey Regiment was placed in position on the right of the line and crossing the Martinsbnrg pike, the Fourth New Jersey Regiment ill reserve and ill the center, the Tenth New Jersey Regiment on the left and crossing the Front Royal pike, the front of our line extending for a distance of two miles. Our line was well protected by the nature of the country, stone walls, & c. About two oclock in the afternoon the cavalry, which had been engaging the enemy during the morning, were driven in. Soon after the enemy advanced a line of dismounted cavalry upon the right of our line, where the Fifteenth New Jersey Volunteers and a portion of the Fourth New Jersey Yolunteers were in position. The attack was easily repulsed. The enemy kept up a desultory fire during the greater part of the afternoon, but without inflicting any great injury upon our troops. All the afternoon large columns of the enemy could be seen mov- ing both to our right and left,, evidently forming for an attack, nor were we deceived in their movements, for at about 5 oclock in the afternoon the~T commenced the attack with great vigor, both on our right and left simultaneously. The advance of the rebel line was made in such over- whelming numbers that we were forced back, after a strong resistance. The right of the line, consisting of the Fifteenth New Jersey Volun- teers and a portion of the Fourth New Jersey Volunteers, was cut off from the left and forced to retire by the way of Martinsburg pike. The left, consisting of the Tenth New Jersey Volunteers and the balance of the Fourth New Jersey Volunteers, retired by the way of the Berryville pike. During this part of the uiovement Lieutenant- Colonel Tay, Tenth New Jersey Volunteers, and a portion of his com- mnand were captured. The portion of the brigade on the right of the line rallied and covered the approach to the town until the artillery, attached to the cavalry command, could be removed. On the 18th of August we marched to Charlesto~tn, and went into camp. On the 21st of the month the enemy appeared in our front., made an attack on our skirmish line, but did not succeed in dislodging it. The same night we retired from Charlestown, and arrived at Hall- town the next morning, where we took up position. We remained in that position until the 28th of the month, when we marched to Clifton, where we remained quietly in camp until the morning of the 19th instant. On the 19th and 22d instant ~ultimo], we were engaged in the bat- tles of the Opequon and Fishers Hill, a report of which has already been forwarded by Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell, at that time coni- manding brigade. A copy accompanies this report.* After the battle of Fishers Hill we followed the retreating army up the Valley, skir- mishing with them almost daily. On the 25th instant [uhtimoj, we reached llarrisonburg, where we remained quietly iu camp (with the exception of marching to Mount Crawford one day and back tlme next) until the 6th of October, when we commenced our retrograde movement down the Valley, arriving at Strasburg on the 8th instant. On the 10th instant the command marched to Front Royal, where we remained See p. 168 Page 167 ChAP. LV.] TIlE SHENKNDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 1(37 until the 13th instant, when we marched in the uirection of Ashbys Gap. We remained at Millwood until the next morning, when we marched back and rejoined the army near Middletown. Respectfully submitted. BALT)WIK II UFTY, Capt. ~. ~Y RUSSELL, Captain, Commaalinq BVIga(IC. A (tH~!1 A ~sistant Adjutant~ (~cneral liI)QIZS. FWST BEPi., FIRST I)iy., SIXTh Ani~iv COIIP8, October 25, iSGI. CAPTAIN: I Inive the honor to forward the following report of the l)art taVen by this brigade in the action of the 19th instant. On the morning of the 19th of October the enemy commenced an attack upon the extreme left of our lines. At the first alarm the brigade was quickly out an(l under arms, and immediately afterward received an order from Brio~ad icr-General Whicatoiji, comm andli g the division, to move across the creek, on our left, and form in line of battle on a high hill, on the opposite side of the stream, to support the Eighth Corps, which had been heavily attacked. iI3eIore we colll(l execute the move- ment the order was countermanded and we recrossed the creek and took up l)osition a collSi(lerable distance to tilO lear and left of our former camp. The line was formed in the following order: Fourth New Jersey Volunteers on the right, Tenth New Jersey Volunteers in the center, and Fifteemmth New Jersey \ olunteers on the left. We had been in line but a short time when some of the trool)s on our right sup- porting the batteries began to give way in collsi(lerable disorder, desert- ing the guns, which they had been l)laced there to protect. Colonel Penrose immediately changed front to rear with his brigade aiid moved up to the support of the batteries. It was at this time that he was wounded and obliged to leave the field. The conmmaimd then devolved upon Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell, who was soon after wounded, and the gallant Major I3oeman, conmmandimmg Tenth New Jersey Vol- unteers, killed, while endeavoring to s ye a piece of artillery, which had been captured by the enemy. At this time we received an order from Brigadier-Gemmeral Wheaton to move to the rear by the right of battalions. We fell back slowly and took up position on a crest about 300 yards to the rear of our former position. A few moments after we had taken up l)Osition on the crest spoken of we were ordered to muove still farther to the rear, which we did, and took up a line about 2,000 yards beyond. After we had reformed our lines the order to continue our muovement to the rear was received. We fell back in good order for about two miles, when we were faced about and advanced a mile. We formed in line in a woods to the riglmt of the Third Division, and with the One hundred and twenty-first New York formed second limme of our corps, and in rear of a portion of the division. Lieutenant- Colonel Olcott, Second Brigade, was assigned to the command of that line. We remained in this position until 3 oclock in the afterimoon. At that time we moved forward under a heavy fire of artillery and musketry, and gained a crest about 400 yards in advance of the woods, driving the enemy in disorder from it. The brigade halted under the crest for nearly half an hour, owing to the troops on time left not coming up. While in this position we were subject to a most gallimmg fire from both artillery and musketry. As soon as time troops on our left co Page 168 168 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD,, AND PA. [CHAP. LV. menced to advance, or rather prepared to advance, our brigade, together with the Second Brigade, was pushed forward with alacrity, leaving the troops on our right and left far in the rear. The enemy broke in confusion and scattered in all directions. We did not allow them time to reform, but followed them so closely that they were able to make but trifling resistance. At dark the enemy were driven from the field, and we occupied the camps we had been forced to abandon in the morning. Out of 28 officers and 598 enlisted men, which we took in the action, we lost in killed, wounded, and missing 10 [11] officers and 154 enlisted men. BALDWIN HUFTY, Captain, Commanding Brigade. [Capt. S. W. RUSSELL, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.] No. 15. Report of Lient. Col. Edwardj. Campbell, Fifteenth New Jersey Infan try, commanding First Brigade, of operations September 1922. HDQRS. FInST Bnu~., Fin ST Div., SIXTH ARMY Con~s, September 26, 1864. Sin: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this command during the late engagements at the Opequon and Fishers Hill on the 19th, 21st, and 22d instant: Immediately upon arriving in front of the enemys position near the Opequon the command was formed in reserve in rear of the left of the Third Division, Sixth Corps, with orders to advance by the left of bat- talions to the front in such direction that the right of the brigade, when wheeled into line, would rest upon the l3erryville turnpike, keeping about 300 yards in rear of the line in front. Went forward from this position with the general advance at about 12 m. After passing over a wooded hill and nioving out upon the open ground a considerable fire of artillery and infantry was encountered, and seeing the Third Brigade, on my left, foiming line I also wheeled into line of battle and moved forward in this manner, inclining to the right until my center moved along the turnpike, the Third Brigade having in its formation covered half of my front. After advancing a few hundred yards farther the front lines, which had apparently carried the enemys posi- tion, began to give way, being evidently pushed back by a strong force of time enemy. I pushed my command forward rapidly in order to gain the crest of a hill beyond a ravine before the enemy and check him at that point, but seeing the Third Brigade on my left halt, and retire a little to higher ground, I also halted my left, extending through the ravine mentioned above, which here curved sharp to the rear. At this time I received an order from General Getty, commanding Second Division, to detach my right battalion and send it forward in the front lines to drive the enemy from a corn-field through which he was advancing. The Fifteenth New Jersey was quickly moved forward across tIme ravine to the crest of time other side. here it was halted (everything having given away to the right and left), with orders to hold the enemy as long as possible. The retiring front lines crowded into the ravine and came in such dense unovganized masses upon th Page 169 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 169 front of my remaining two battalions that it was with the utmost diffi. culty they were arrested. Very nearly all, however, were prevented from going to the rear, a ad by the assistance of their OWil officers moved forward again at the next advance. At this time I received an order from the late General Russell to move to the right and form on the brow of the hill on the left of the Third Brigade, which had been moved from my left and formed a short distance on my right. This was probably the last order issued by our late dearly loved and deeply lamented division commander. The movement was executed, and tire immediately opened upon the enemy, who was moving forward on the hill beyond the ravine. The advance of the enemy being checked, the line was immediately pushed forward to the top of the hill beyond the ravine, my left resting at a dwelling-house on the right of the turn- pike. From twenty to thirty prisoners were taken here by the Tenth New Jersey Volunteers. The position being good here I remained waiting for further orders,. organizing my line, and endeavoring to form a second line of troops. which had been pushed forward in its front. About half au hour after- ward, by order of Geuera.l Upton, then in command of the division, my line was pnshed rapidly across the next field to the edge of a corn-field on still higher ground, the enemy retiring readily before a sharp file tire. Here my command remained for some time and until the final advance in the afternoon. The Fifteenth New Jersey, which was detached by order of General Getty, as above stated, held its position until attacked in hank by the enemy moving down the ravine to its right, when it retired, moving around the left of the reserve line amid reforming close in the rear. It was now, by direction of Colonel Ed- wards, commanding Third Brigade, placed on the right of his brigade to fill an interval between it and the Second Brigade, where it remained daring the remainder of the action, taking an efficient and creditable part in the final advance and ta.king quite a number of prisoners. Toward evenmug a general a.dvance was ordered, and my command,. being thoroughly reformed, moved steadily forward until, the enemy having been entirely driven from the field, it was encamped for the night on the south side of the town of Wimichester. On the 21st instant this command again came in contact with the enemy at Fishers Hill. The brigade was first formed in two lines, by order of General Wheaton, commanding division, with tIme right resting omi the Manassas Gap Railroad, connectinb with the Second Division, amid the left connecting with the Second Brigade, First Division, where it remained until about 1.30 a. m. on the morning of the 22d, nothing having occurred beyond sharp skirmishing in front. It was then moved off to the right on a high wooded hill to reform a connection with the Second Division, which had moved to the right early in the evening of the day previous. Here it was intrenched, amid remained in. posiriomi until some time in the afternoon, the skirmishers being warmly engaged and driving those of the enemy. About 3 p. m. I was ordered to move forward, conforming my movements to those of the Second. Division, on the right, which was about to advance. The movement. was continued until the enemys skirmishers were entirely driven in and we encountered the fire of his artillery, when the Secomid Division halted, and my command was also halted. A deep ravine, with a diffi- cult ascent upon the enemys side, now only separated us from his works, which ran along the declivity and around the aigle of the opposite hill in my immediate front hid artillery. , den by a wood which entirely niasked hi Page 170 17W OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Alter lying in this position for Thoiit ati hour (~enerai Wheaton, comnumding division, directed inc to 1)nSh torxvar(1 a skirmish line and advance upon the enemys f)OSiti on with my front hue, without regard to the Second Division. A detachment of the Tenth New Jersey, un- der Lieutenants AXilson an(l Pine, was immediately deployed in front of the first line, formed by the Fourth New Jersey, Captain liufty, and Captain Paul, acting assistant adjutant-general, charged with their direction. At th~ command the troops moved tbrward with alacrity, the Second Brigade being abreast on the left and the Second Division coming up promptly on the right. So rapidly did the men dash up the hill that the enemy had no tiiAe to reload their pieces, after the first discharge, before our men were upon them, and receiving a heavy fire they broke and fled in utter confusion, leaving their artillery, which was ~)romptly prevented floin getting away by our skirmishers, who were led by Captain Paul, into the earth-works, close upon the enemys heels. Here, in accordance with (hirections ~)reviol1sly received, I en- deavored to halt an(l reform, but so eager were the men to pursue the flying enemy, who were scattered thickly over the groun(I to the front in full sight, that it was impossible to check them. We, therebre, pushed forward in pursuit until dark, taking quite a number of prison- ers. The enemy made two feeble attempts to rally, but in vain. The rear lines coming up, my command was fbrmed, by direction of General Wheaton, upon the right of Ihe turnpike, and allowed a short time to get their supper before commencing the farther pursuit, which lasted all night. The casualties of this command on the 19th, 21st, an(1 22d instant amounted to 8 officers and 100 enlisted men kihlect and wounded ,& r about one-fourth of the officers and one fifth of the mcii composing time fighting force. A full list accompanies this report. During the operations above reported my whole command behaved entirely to my satisfaction, and where all did so well it is a delicate duty to name individuals. I cannot, however, neglect to make special mention of Captain Paul for promptly leading the skirmishers into the enemys works, thus preventing the escape and securing the capture of the artillery, and also Captain ilufty, commanding Fourth New Jersey Volunteers, for the rapid and deterumined nianner in which he moved his troops upon the enenmys position, securing their hasty and total defeat. I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. L. CAMPBELL, Liecit. (Jot. Fifteenth New Jersey I/his., in command ot l)r*yOidC. Major DALTON, Assistant A4jutan t- General. A D D P ND A - GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. 1ST BRIc~., 1ST Div., 6TH A. C., No. 20. September 27, 18G4. I take pleasure in congratulating the officers amid men of this coin- mand upon the highly honorable andi successful part they have taken in the recent engagement at the Opequon and Fishers Hill on the l9tlm, 21st, audI 22d instant. __ At the former positions the Fourth and Tenth, ~y their steady disci- pline and determined bravery, arrested the retreat of the front lines, checked the progress of the enemy in their flout, and promptly advauc- Embodied in tables, pp. 112, 120 Page 171 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 171 ing, drove him from his position, taking quite a iinmber of prisoners. The Fifteeuth, when ordered to support the front hues, theu giving way, moved gallantly forward, took and held their position until every- thing had given way to the right and left and they were attacked in flank. Being forced from its position it promptly closed in rear of the reserve line then engaged, retook its position in the front line, being second to none in the final charge, which swept the enemy from the field, losing heavily and capturing a number of prisoners. At Fishers Hill much credit is due to the Fifteenth and a detachment of the Tenth for their determined and excellent skirmishing on the 21st and the morning of the 22d. The prompt manner in which the skirmish details just relieved assembled and formed for action in the midst of the engagement of the 22d was exceedingly gratifying. It fell to the Jot of the Fourth, under Captain Hufty, forming the front line, and skirmish line of the Tenth, under Lieutenants Wilson and Pine, to crown the victory of the 22d. Prompt at the word of command they dashed impetuously forward, very first in the charge, first in the enemys works, capturing his artillery, first everywhere, and, finally, the first re- organized command after the battle was over. The command has behaved entirely to my satisfaction, and where all did so well it is a delicate duty to name individuals, but 1 cannot neg- lect to tender my thanks to Major Boeman, commanding Tenth, and Captain Hufty, commanding Fourth, and Captain Cornish, command- ing Fifteenth, for their untiring energy, and the praiseworthy manner in which their commands were maneuvered Captain Tunis, of the brigade staff; for their also Captain Paul and active promptness in the execution of all orders regardless of personal danger, and their essential assistance in the management of the command. Again we mourn the loss of our best and bravest, but do not forget that your valor has erected to their memory a monument more endur- ing than any ever built of brass or marble. I regret to know that each battalion has a few skulkers. Let them receive prompt punishment from their officers and the scorn and con- tempt of their comrades. F. E. CAMPBELL, Lie at. Col. Fifteenth New Jer8ey Voi8., in cornfluafld of brigade. No. 16. Report ~f Capt. Baldwin ]Iufty, Fourth New Jer8ey infantry, of oper ationN Augu8t 7October 18. HEADQUARTERS FOURTH NEW JERSEY VOLUNTEERS, October 18, 18G4. SIR: In compliance with Special Orders, No. 56, headquarters Middle Military Division, October 15, 1864, I have the honor to make the fol- lowing report of the operations of this regiment from the organization of the Middle Military Division up to the 18th instant: On the 7th of August the army was in camp outside of Bohivar Heights, nothing of interest occurring until the 10th, when the regimemmt broke camp, taking the road through Charlestown, an(l camped about 4 p. m. August 11, left Winchester to the right and camped at 6 p. m. August 12, marched through Newtown and Middletown; c amnped near Cedar Creek. August 13, crossed Cedar Creek and camnl)ed about half Page 172 172 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA [CRAP. LV. mile from Strasburg, but in the evening recrossed the creek. Angust 14, the regiment, in company with the rest of the brigade, were detailed to support the skirmish line, which was advanced, driving the skirmish line of the enemy before it, but not requiring our assistance were not called into action. In the evening a portioui of the regiment were detailed as pickets. August Th, the regiment was formed on the skirmish line, the left connecting with the Tenth Regiment. Abont 3 p. m. the enemy made a determined attack on the line to the left of the position held by the Fourth, but a few shots sent them nnder cover of the woods, and no further disturbance occnrred in front of the Fourth. August 16, remained on picket during the day. At 9 l~ in. withdre~v the line and, taking the Winchester pike, marched all night. An gust 17, fought first battle of Winchester, a report of which accompanies this: Report of first battle of Winehester.The brigade having been detailed to support the cavalry, under General Torbert, which covered the rear of the army, the Fifteenth Regiment was deployed, covering the Winchester pike. The Tenth lieghuent deployed on the left, and the Fourth in the center, covering one or two small roads, the command well protected by stone walls, trees, & c. In the meantime the cavalry had been skirmishing and resisting the advance of the enemy, and about 3 p. m. made their appearance in front of the brigade. Au attack was immediately made on the skirmish line of the Fifteenth Regiment, extending to the right of the Fourth, and soon afterward the wbole line became engaged. During the afternoon a heavy column of the enemy was observed deploying along our whole front, betokening an assault on our position. Just before dusk our anticipations were realized, and an advance of the rebel lines was made in such numbers we were forced back after a strong resistance, and our flank becoming exl)osed to an enfilading fire rendered it necessary to retire. The left of the Fourth and the Tenth had also received the attack, forcing them to withdraw, and in their efforts to escape a large number were captured. After strong efforts a portion of the brigade was rallied and covered the approach to the town of Winchester until the artillery was withdrawn. The whole command then fell back. Our loss in the affair was 2 mcii woutuded, 1 officer and 37 men missing. August 18, marched to Charlestown and camped. August 19 and 20, remained in camp, a portion of the regiment on picket. August 21, the enemy made an attack on our position but their efforts were repulsed. The regiment was not called into action except the portion which was on picket and which was skirmishing all day; at midnight withdrew. August 22, formed line at llalltown. August 23 to 27, nothing of interest occurred. August 28, marched to Charlestown. August 29 to September 2, remained in camp. September 3, marched to Clifton and camped. September 4, a demonstration made by the rebels on our front, but did not result in anything. September 5 to 18, remained in camp engaged in usual camp duties. September 19 to 22, fought battles of Winchester or Opequon and Strasburg. September 23, pursued the rebels thron gh Mount Jackson a~id New Market, following them closely all day. September 25, the regiment was detailed as skirmishers and advanced as such as far as llarrisonbnrg, where it went into camp. No resistance was made to our advance, they (the enemy) having taken a road to the left toward the monntains. September 26, 27, 28, remained in camp. September 29, marched to Mount Crawford. September 30, returned to Harrisonburg Page 173 CRAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 173 October 1 to 5, remained in camp. October 6, marched beyond New Market toward Mount Jackson. October 7, marched beyond Wood- stock and encamped. October 8, marched to Strasburg and encamped. October 9, remained. October 10, marched to Front Royal. Respectfully, yours, BALDWIN HurTY, Captain, Fourth Regiment New Jersey Volunteers, Commanding. Capt. C. R. PAUL, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gem, First Brig., First Div., Sixth Corps. No. 17. Report of Brig. Gem Emory Upton, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of operations September 19. HEADQUARTERS SECOND BRIGADE, September 19, 18(4. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of the Second Brigade while under my command in the battle of the Opequon, September 19, 1864: The brigade broke camp at 3 a. in., crossed the Opequon at S a. in. near the Berryville pike, continued the march about two miles, when it was halted on the left of the pike, and held in reserve. At twenty min- utes to 12 I was directed to move to the front, keeping within support- ing distance of the troops engaged. The movement was made in two linesthe Second Connecticut Heavy Artillery leading and moving by the left of wing, the One hundred and twenty-first New York followed the right and the Sixty-fifth New York the left wing, both regiments moving bythe left flank. After marching about half a mile, the troops on the right of the pike gave way. Line was immediately formed, and soon after Lieutenant-Colonel Kent gave me the order to move the brigade to the right. The brigade was faced to the right and marched across the pike into a narrow belt of timber, where the second line was halted and faced to the front. The Second Connecticut continued the march, inclining to the right, making our line oblique to that upon which the enemy was advancing. Bayonets were fixed and instruc- tions given not to fire until within close range. The enemya left, extending far beyond our right, advanced till within 200 yards of our line, when a brisk flank fire was opened by the One hundred and twenty-first New York and Sixty-fifth New York, causing him to retire in great disorder. The Second Connecticut immediately moved for- war(l and opeiied fire. The whole line then advanced, driving the enemy and inflicting a heavy loss in killed and wounded. The brigade was halted at the edge of the wood, which position it held till the attack was renewed in the afternoon. The brigade during this con- test behaved with great steadiness, moved into position under fire, received the enemy with a cool and well-directed fire, aiid then advanc- ing, regained the ground previously lost. On the left of the brigade the Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Volunteers rendered invaluable serv- ice in supporting Stevens battery. At the moment the brigade halted Major l)alton informed me of the death of General Russell, and tha Page 174 174 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., All) PA. (GEAR. LV. the command of the division devolved upon me. I, therefore, turned over the brigade to CoL J. E. Hamblin, Sixty-fifth New York Volun- ten I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. UPTON, Brigadier-Gener4 Command6sg. 314 Hznr B. DALTON, Assistant A4futntOesser4 First Division, Sixth Coeys. No. 18. Report of Lieut. GeL Eghert Oloott, One hundred seed twenty-first New York Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations October 19. HDQRs. Szoon BRIGADE, FIRST Dmslox, SIxTH Cons, October .98, 1864. Capt. S. W. BusSELL, Actg. Asst 14jt. Ge.., First Division, Sixth Corps: CAPTAIN: I have the honor to forward the accom ying report of the part taken by this brigade in the engagement of the 19th instant I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient .Lleutenant.Golonei 121st New York State Vole., (Jomdg. Brigade. Report of the part taken by the Second Brigade, First Division, Sixth Corps, in the engagement of October 19, 1864: Thebrigade, commanded by CoL Joseph E. Hamblin, Sixty-fifth New York State Volunteers was under arms at daylight. As the firing on the left increased, the ~rigade was placed in line Awing ~ the rear to the left of the First Brigade, on what is called the Hite road. ~is roadisparallelto ~dabont4OOyardsinrearoftheSmpthebrig5de had occupied. The line was formed in the following order from the right: Second Connecticut Heavy Artillery, One hundred and twenty- first New York State Volunteers, Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers, and Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. There was an interval of 200 or 300 yards between thebrigade and the troops on the left These troops were supposed at the time to be a part of the Second Division; but a staff Officer at corps headquarters says that there was a bngade of the Nineteenth Co s between the First and Second Divisions, and Gen- sal Dwight~ of the Nineteenth Corps2 thinks a portion of the Eighth Corps occupied that position. The bngadehadbeen in line but a short timeonthesaid road, whenitwasorderedto movetotherearby the right of battalions. The movement, however, had hardly commenced, the Second Connecticut not having moved at all, when the line was reformed in the road, but this time without the One hundred and twenty-first New York, which regiment was placed behind a slight crest about 100 yardsfrom the road ad at an angle of 40 degrees with it the right of the regiment being refused. During this move- ment the troops on the left had retreated or beec withdrawn. The brigade was attacked in this position. The attack however, made no impression upon the line. The enemy were forced 4 halt and a heavy fire was kept up between the lines for nearly thirty minutes. It was during this time that Lieutenant-Colonel Higinbotham, Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers, and Captain Hosford, Second Couuecticutj wer Page 175 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAh VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 175 kifled; and Captain Roome, assistant adjutant-general, Colonel Hani- bun and Lieutenant Byrnes, Sixty-fifth New York; Colonel Mackenzie, Captain Penn, Lientenant Sanford, and Lieutenant Gregory, Second Connecticut; Captain Douw, Captain Burrell, and Lieutenant Johnson, One hundred and twenty-first New York, and Lieutenant Simpson and Lieutenant Russell, battalion Nm ety-sixth Penn sylvania Volunteers, were wounded. The troops on the rio-lit, being hard pressed, were ordered to retire, and this brigade was ordered to conform to their movements, to fall back slowly and take up a position on a crest a few hundred yards to the rear. But, in the meantime, the enemy had discovered and taken advantage of the gap on the left, and had succeeded in placing huinself directly on the left flank of the brigade and not 200 yards from it. The brigade was, therefore, obliged to move rapidly to the rear. As soon,. however, as it had been extricated from this position, a new line was formed, about 1,500 yards from the first and at iiearly right angles t~ it. Here the brigade remained some time, the conunand fitlling upon Colonel Mackenzie, Colonel ilamblin being obliged to go to the rear on account of his wound. The order to retreat still farther being given, the Second Connecticut and One hundred and twenty-first New York were deployed as skir- mishers, with instructions to retire slowly, from crest to crest, holding the enemy in check if he advanced, the Sixty-fifth New York and Ninety- fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers marching with the division. The brigade retired in this manner more than a mile, when it was faced about and advanced nearly the same distance and formed in two lines in a wood to the right of the Third Division in the following order from the left: first line, Sixty-fifth New York, Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and eight companies Second Connecticut; second line, One hundred and twenty-first New York, two companies Second Connecticut, and First Brigade. The brigade remained in this position two or three hours. Col- onel Mackenzie, though wounded, assumed command of the first line; Lieutenant-Colonel Olcott, One hundred and twenty-first New York, was (lirected by General Wheaton to take command of the second including the First Brigade. The order to advance was given between 3 and 4 oclock. The first line moved gallantly to the edge of the wood, then meeting a galling fire, it hesitated, but, inspired by the noble bravery and example of Colonel Mackenzie, it pressed forward to a crest some 150 yards in front. It appearing unable to advance farther and in some danger of being forced back, Lieutenant-Colonel Olcott, agree ably to instructions from General Wheaton, charged with the second line. The two lines joined in the charge, and drove the enemy from a commanding crest 400 or 500 yards in advance. In this charge Colonel Mackenzie, while in front of his men, xv as again wounded and taken off the field. The command then fell to Lieutenant-Colonel Olcott. The brigade was forced to halt upon the crest on account of the Third Division breaking, leaving nothing on its left flank. While the Third Division was being reformed behind a stone wall some 300 yards to the rear the brigade was exposed to a most severe artillery and infantry fire, but firmly held the position (which aI)peared to be the key to the whole line) for full half an hour, and until, in fact, the troops on the left could again be prepared to charge. General Wheaton,in the meantime, directed that as soon as the left advanced the line should press forward. No sooner, therefore, did the Third 1)ivision show any sign of a movement than the brignde was ordered forward. it obeyed without a moments hesitation. From the fact that the brigade wa Page 176 176 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. some 300 or 400 yards in advance of the Third Division, on the left, and on account of the slowness of the Nineteenth Corps, on the right, it led the charge. The enemy broke in confusion before this advance, and were followed so vigorously that they failed to reform or to off~r any serious resistance. At sundown, the eiemy having been driven across Cedar Creek, the brigade was ordered to the camp it left in the morning. In this engagement Lieutenant Tucker, One hundred and twenty- first New York, was killed; and Colonel Mackenzie, Captain Burnham, Lieutenant Smith, and Lieutenant Snowden, Second Connecticut: Major Galpin and Acting Lieutenant Jiowland, One hundred and twenty-first New York, and Lieutenant Burns, battalion Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers, were wounded. Too much praise cannot be given to the officers of this command for their self-sacrificing bravery. Captain Roome, assistant adjutant-gen- eral, who was wounded early in the action, and Lieutenant Cleveland, acting assistant inspector-general, for their efficiency, deserve special mention. Out of forty seven officers who went into action twenty were killed or wounded. Out of thirteen mounted officers, eleven had their horses shot. A company of the Second Connecticut, on picket at Mine Bank Ford, were surrounded and taken prisoners in the morning. No fault has been found with the officer commanding the company. Lam, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. OLCOTT, Lieutenant- Colonel 121st New York State Vols., Comdg. Brigade. Statement of Casualties. Killed. Command. a ~ 0 Second Brigade 65th New York State Volunteers 1 11 2d Connecticut Volunteer Artillery - 1 111 121st New York Volunteers I 9 95th an1 battalion 96th Pennsylvania 9 volunteers. Total* 8 Wounded Missing. C: 72 191 2 Si 88 45~ 8 25(1 2 67 1 4 .1 45~ 17 Total nuniber en~aged Comuiand. Secoud Brigade I 65th New York State Volunteers 7 101 119 2d Connecticut Volunteer Artillery. I 19 49(1 509 121st New York Volunteers I 8 221 229 95th Pennsylvania Volunteers 11 294 05 Total 48 1.108 1:356 Total number of casualties. 2 8 5 29 Total. 2 2 86 10 168 1 62 22 368 CII CC CC 2 88 178 57 65 :199 Proportion of loss. CL a I a CC ~ 0 81 85 A 117 471 52 ~-l 52 299 3191 ~ 83 1-~ ~47 231 H CC CC CC 1+ 1 1~~~ But see reviseJ table, p. 131 Page 177 CuA~P. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 177 No. 19. Report of Col. Joseph B. Hamblin, sixty-fifth New York I~fttntry, commanding AS1eeond Brigade, of operations & ptem ber 1923. HDQRS. SECOND BRIGADE. FIRsT i)IvIsloN SIXTH CORPS, AS~eptember 30, 1864. MAJOR: In compliance with orders, headquarters Sixth Corps, Sep- tember 26, 1864, I have the honor to report the following operations of the Second Brigade, while under my command, in the battles of Win- chester, Va., September 19, 1864, and Fishers Hill, Va., September 22, 1864: At the battle of Winchester, September 19, this brigade was held in reserve until about 11 a. in., when it was led into action by Brig. Gen. E. Upton, commanding. A few volleys at short range repulsed the advance of the enemy, and we covered, in a single line, all that was possible of the interval between the right of the First Brigade, First Division, Sixth Corps, and the left of the Nineteenth Corps. About 12.30 p. m. Brig. Gen. E. Upton was called to command of the First Division, and the command of the Second Brigade devolved upon myself. At this time the Second Connecticut Heavy Artillery Volun- teers was in line on the right, distant about 300 yards from the left of the Nineteenth Corps, the Sixty-fifth New York State Volunteers on the left, with an interval of about seventy-five yards between its right and the left of Second Connecticut. The One hundred and twenty- first New York State Volunteers had been detached by General Upton and moved some distance to the left. I did not see this regiment again until near the close of the action. The Ninety-fifth and Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers were in the rear gnarding the trains. About 4 p. in., subsequent to the advance of General Crooks command on the right, the Second Connecticut Volunteer Artillery moved forward toward a piece of woods about 300 yards distant, occupied by the enemy. The movement was immediately followed by the Sixty-fifth New York State Volunteers and taken up along the whole line to the left. After crossing the field the troops were halted, reformed, two companies of the Second Connecticut sent forward through a small copse of ~ 3ods in front, immediately followed by the whole line to the farther edge of the woods. From this point the open country stretched away to Winchester, the field commanded by the enemys artillery, well served. We again moved forward, changing direction to the h~ft, while advancing under a heavy fire of shell and canister. 1-lere Maj. James Q. Rice, Second Connecticut Volunte& r heavy Artillery, an officer of high character and great gallantry, ~as killed, and Major Skinner, same regiment, wounded. While yet 500 yards distantfrom the enemys guns, they were charged in flank by our cavalry, and the action of this day concluded, save an occasional shot from Winchester Heights as our forces advanced to the railroad, where we arrived about sundown, subseqnently moving into camp on the left of Winchester. The loss of the brigade in this action waskilled, 3 officers and 24 enlisted men total, men, , 3. A~gre 27; wounded, 11 officers and 152 enlisted total 16 gate, 14 officers and 176 enlisted men; total, 190. On the 21st instant this brigade left its camp on the right of the pike, about two miles from Cedar Creek, and moved under cover of timber to a position beyond the right of the Nineteenth Corps, about 12 R RYOL XLIII, PT Page 178 [GNAW. LV. 178 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ~nernileandaha1ftorightof SfrMburf~ opposite the extremeleftof the enemys intrenched position. e inety-flfth Pennsylvania Vol- imteers, skirmishing, led the advance. The brigade took position in two lin6s on. commanding crest, screwed by a thin skirt of timber the One hundred and twenty-first New York Vo1n~ with s.00fld Conecticut on its right, in front line, connectin with i3irst Brigade on the right, the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Vouuteers, with Sixty- fifth New York Volunteers on its right, in sepond line. Two hundred of the Second Connecticut Volunteers, thrown forward, under com- mand of Lient CoL James Hubbard, corps officer of the day engaged the enemys picket-line. They were relieved at dusk by die Sixty- fifth New York State Volunteers, who remained on this duty after the corps had chainged its position, and were not relieved in time to join the brigade until after the charge of the following day. About U oclock at night the command, following the movements of the First Brigade, marched by the right flank, about one mile to the right, tak- ing position, as before, in two lines, and immediately throwing up breast-works, the Nineteenth Corps connecting with our left at 5 a. in. About Sp. in. the line advanced, conforminp its movements to those of the First B~e, on the right, changed direction to the $ght, drove the enemys ~j~~jshers from the woodin front, and took up position on crest bounding a deep ravine in front, forming a single line, the Second Connecticut on right, with Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers and One hundred and twenty-first New York State Volunteers, the two latter regiments formin; a line refused at nearly right angles with the Second Connecticut, facing the railroad, leaving an interval of 400 p aces between the left of the One hundred and twenty-first New York Voluxteers and right of Nineteenth Corps. After an hours halt the whole line moved forward, the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers and One hundred and twenty-first New York Vomunteersb~ri~htfla!k~j over very uneven pound, into the enemys works, which were without difficulty or serious loss. Reforming upon the pound lately occupied by the enemy, we continued the pursuit all night and the next day until about 5 p. a, camping near Edenburg, Va. The casualties in this action werekilled, 4 enlisted men; wounded, 1 officer and 27 enlisted men; total, 82. The conduct of all officers and men on both occasions was most com- mendable. The greatest trouble was the difficulty of restraining their enthusiasm and impatience. I have, in a former report, called the attention of the commanding general t the merits of CoL B. S. Mackenzie, commanding Second nnecticut Volunteer Artillery and Cap am P. Roome, assist ant adjutant-general, whose gallantry and abilities deserve special notice. Herewith I inclose detailed reports of the parts taken in the above actions by the Sixty-fifth New York Vol Second Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery, One hundred and twenty-first New York Volunteers, and Ninety-fifth Peunsylvanla Volunteers, also a nominal list of casualties. I have the honor to be, very respectfull5, your obedient servant, Uolouei Stxtv-Aftk Yew York State Vole., Oemmaesdiesg Brigade. Maj. HunY B. DALTON, Aseietaiat Adjteta~stOeueral, First J$eiuios, S& vtl. Sorpa Page 179 CRAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 179 No. 20. Report of Cot. Panald S. Mackenzie, Second Connecticut Heavy Artillery, of operations September 19 and 22. HEADQUARTERS SECOND CONNECTJCLTT ARTILLERY, September 30, 18G4. In compliance with orders from headquarters Second it3rigade, First l)ivision, Sixth Corps, I have the honor to report the following oper- ations of my command during the engagement on the Opequon, Septem- ber 19, 1864: The regiment was placed in line on the right of the brigade to assist in checking the enemy after the repulse of the Nineteenth Corps in the morning. Their advance was checked and the regiment moved forward on the right of the brigade, and took up a position in a hollow seventy-five yards distant from the right of Sixty-fifth New York, and the right about 300 yards distant from the left of the Nineteenth Corps. The regiment remained in this position, about 400 yards from the enemy, nntil the advance of General Crook in the afternoon, when it advanced across the open field in front, being about 600 yards distant from General Crooks left, the left being followed by the Sixty-fifth New York. When the line had crossed the open field it was halted, fire was opened to the front, and the right wing of the regiment faced to the right, filed to the left and opened fire to clear the front of troops on the left; here the left of the line came in close connection with the right of the regiment. Two companies were then sent forward to occupy the copse of woods at a point about 400 yards in advance. The rest of the regiment was then brought forward and placed in line parallel to its original position, wheeled to the left and advanced over an open field, nnder a heavy fire, 1)rincil)ally artillery, until it reached a point opposite the right of the brigade, then halted, when it was faced to the left and placed on the right of the brigade. Here the action ended as far as the regiment is concerned, as the rest of the work was done by other troops, though the regiment afterward advanced some distance in line. On the 22d instant the regiment was advanced through woods, con- necting on the right with the First Brigade. The enemys picket-line in the woods was driven in, and the regiment was halted for some time within about 400 yards of the enemys line, still connecting on the right with the First Brigade and on the left with the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. The line was finally advanced over very broken ground, and after a little firing occupied the enemys breast- works, the enemy running away in confusion, followed by men of my regiment and other commands. The regiment became in the pursuit somewhat scattered, but soon got together again. There were some prisoners taken by the regiment in this action that I saw myself and one gnu. Two of the companies got separated and went into the fort on the crest of the hill with men from other regiments, where other guns were taken. I refused to send men to the rear with prisoners or with the gun, as I considered it of more importance to have the mus- kets ready for future service, if necessary, than to get receipts for prisoners. In conclusion, I have the honor to state that all the officers and men of the regiment, who came under my notice, did well. Special credit is due to Majors Rice (killed) and Skinner (wounded) for promptly rallying several companies which were for a moment in confusion when the regiment first came under fire at Winchester. Lieutenant-Colonel Hubbard also deserves great credit for coolness and gallantry through Page 180 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. 180 out tlie battles of the 19th and 22d. He was corps officer of the day, and was in charge of the picket-line during the engagement. Captains Jones, Hosford, and Feun came particularly nuder my notice for cool- ness and control of their companies under fire. Color Corpl. Charles Traver distinguished himself by an extraordinary display of gallantry in both engagements. I also wish to mention Sergt. Maj. Frederick A. Lucas, Corporal Munson, of Company D, and Private ORourke, of Company B, for good conduct at Fishers Hill. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, IRANALD S. MACKENZIE, Colonel Second Connecticut .Hieary Artillery. No. 21. Reports of Capt. Henry C. Fisk, Sixty-fifth New York Infantry, of oper ations September 1922. HDQIRS. SIXTY-FIFTH NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS, Near ]lliount Crau ford, Va., September 29, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that this regiment, under coin- mandofCol.Joseph E. Hambliu,broke camp at3 a.m.on the 19th instant. Moving on the right of the Berryville and Winchester pike road we crossed the Opequon Creek at 8 a. m. and halted in a ravine on the left side of the road at 9. About 11 a. in. moved to the front by the right flank, following and conforming to the movements of the Second Bat- talion, Second Connecticut Volunteer heavy Artillery. Having ad- vanced some 600 yards, line was formed in rear of Second Battalion, Second Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery, and on the left of the One hundred and twenty-first New York Volunteers. We were then moved rapidly across the road by the right flank and halted in an open wood, the Second Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery moving still farther to the right and forming on the right of the Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers. The enemy soon appeared in force. The order to commence firing being given, a feW volleys at short range caused them to retire in confusion. An advance of some 200 yards followed imme- diately, during which thirteeti prisoners were taken. We were halted in the edge of the wood and ordered to lie down. About 12 m. Colonel Hamblin was called to take command of the brigade. About ~3 p. m. we were ordered forward, in conjunction with a charge of the Thghtli Corps on the extreme right. From this time our advance was contin- uous, with the exception of a short halt for the purpose of reforming, during which we suffered from a severe artillery fire, until we halted on the north side of Winchester near the Martinsburg pike road at sunset. At 8 p. m. we were moved to the west side of the city and bivouacked for the night. The conduct of officers and men was gallant in the extreme, it being difficult to restrain them. The following is a numerical list of casualties in the regiment during the day: Killed, 5; wounded, 24; total, 29.* I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, HENRY C. FISK, Captain, Corn wauding Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers. Capt. ~ P. COOME, Assistant Adjutant General, ~ecou d Brigade. ~ But see revised. table, p. 112 Page 181 CRAY. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 181 IIDQE8. SIXTY-FIFTH NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS, IVear Mount , ., September 29 18G4. Crc wtord Va CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that this regiment moved from camp near Cedar Creek, at 12 rn. on the 21st instant, to about one mile west of the town of Strasburg. Shortly after dark it was sent to relieve a portion of the skirmish line. During the night the Sixth Corps was moved to the right and the Nineteenth Corps occupied that l)OLtion of the line left vacant.. At daylight of tim morning of the 22d a brisk fire was opened by a henvy line of the enemys skirmishers, which was continued at intervals until 1 p. in., when a charge was made by a portion of the Nineteenth Corps, driving in that part of the ene- in ys line in our immediate front. The regiment was ordered to remain on its old line by the corps officer of the day until further orders from hun. About 4 p. in., an advance of the line being ordered, I assembled the regiment, procured a supply of ammunition, and moved out to join the brigade, which I did about 5.30 p. in., near Fishers Hill. The regiment lost but one man during the day, I~rivate Conrad Frank, Company D, mortally wounded. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, HENliY C. FISK, Captain, Commandinq Sixty-fifth New York State Volunteers. Capt. W. P. IROOME, Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Brigade. No. 22. Report of Lient. Col. Egbert Olcott, One hundred and twenty-first New York Infantry, of operations September 22. HDQRS. 121ST REGIMENT NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, (vamp near Ilarrisonburg, ITa,., September 27, 18G4. CAPTA1N: In compliance with orders from brigade headquarters, I have the honor to report that about 1 a. in. of the 22(1 nistant this reg- iment formed a portion of the second line of battle in lear of the See- ond Connecticut Heavy Artillery, the First Brigade on the right, the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania on the left. The regiment remaiiied in that POsition until about 3 p. in., when it advanced, following the movements of the first line. The first line becoming engaged, this regiment, together with the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania, was moved to the left extending the first line, forming the extreme left of the Sixth Corps, a ~i)ace of about 400 yards between it and the Nineteenth Corps. Re- mained in this position until ordered to advance, conforming to the movements of the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania. Moved some distance by the right flank, crossing the railroad. The enemy having in the mean- time been driven fmiomn his position, moved with the rest of the brigade in pursuit. The loss in the regiment was slight; but two mcii wounded. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant E. OLCOTT, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Capt. ~ILLIA2I P. ROOI\IE, Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Brigad Page 182 182 OPERATIONS IN N. YA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. iNo. 2.3. Report of Capt. John D. P. Douw, One hundred and twenty-first New York Infantry, of operations September 1921. IIDQRS. 121ST REGIMENT NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, September 27, 1864. In compliance with orders from headquarters Second Brigade, First Division, Sixth Corps, I have the honor to forward the following report of the operations of the One hundred arid twenty-first Regiment New York Volunteers in the late battles ~f Winchester, Va.: The regiment broke camp at 3 a. m. the 19th of September and marched with the brigade crossed the Opequon at S a. in.; halted at 9 a. m. in a ravine on the left of the pike three miles from Winchester, Va. At 11 a. m. we moved forward some distance by the flank in two columns the One hundred and twenty-first Regiment in rear of the right wing of the Second Regiment Connecticut Volunteers and formed line. We then moved to the right by the flank into a piece of woods, and~ here the regiment halted and the men were ordered to lie down. The Second Connecticut filed past and the Sixty-fifth Regiment New York Volunteers formed on onr left. When the enemy had advanced to within 200 yards the order was given by General Upton to fire. The regiment rose np and delivered a few volleys, which caused the enemy to retreat in disorder. We followed them a few hundred yards, capturing 3 officers and 12 men. The regiment was then ordered to the left of the Thirty-seventh Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers in rear of a piece of woods. Afterward the Fifteenth Regiment New Jersey Vol- unteers joined our left. At 4 p. m. the line advanced 800 yards, met the enemy and drove them some 400 yards, receiving a heavy fire from the enemys artillery. They were soon flanked by the Eighth Corps, when we advanced to the railroad, then moved by the flank to the south side of Winchester, where we camped for the night. The regi- ment lost 2 enlisted men killed; 1 officer and 11 men wounded. The officers and men acted with spirit and displayed great bravery; all deserve much praise. At 5 a. m. of the 20th commenced the march to Strasburg, arriving at 3 p. m. We remained until noon of the next day, when we moved to the right of the town and formed line on the right of the Nineteenth Corps, the Second Regiment Connecticut Volunteers on our right. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servamit, JOHN D. P. DOUW, Captain, Commanding Regiment. Capt. WILLIAM P. ROOME, Assistant Adjutant- 6~eneral. No. 24. Report of Capt. Francis J. Randa U, commanding Ninety-fifth and Ninety- sixth Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations September 1927. UDORS. NINETY-FIFTH REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VOLS., Camp near Ilarrisonburg, Va., September 27, 1864. SIR: In obedience to orders from headquarters Second Brigade of the 26th instant, I have the honor to report the movements of this command at the late engagements at the Opequon and Fishers Hill: Conjointly with the Ninety-sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, we were, on the movement out to the Opequon, detailed as guard fo Page 183 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAh y ALLEY CAMPAIGN 183 the corps wagon train, and consequently took no active part in the operations at that place and in front of Winchester. On the morning of the 21st of September we rejoined the brigade near Strasburg, and at noon proceeded out to the front, throwing out skirmishers and com- ing upon the enemy i)osted upon rising ground. We halted and remained in line of battle nntil midnight, when we took up the line of march and moved out to the right. Halted in the woods and con- strncted breast-works, the two right companies being detailed for picket; continuous skirmishing until the afternoon, when we moved forward and took part in the charge upon the enemys position on Fishers Hill, driving them in confusion. Oar own loss, two men wounded. We captured seven prisoners concealed in the bushes. Fol- lowed upon the enemys rear closely, marching all night, and at day- light halted at Woodstock, whence, after rations had been issued, we resumed the march, being again detailed as corps wagon guard jointly with the One hundred and twenty- first New Yoi k Volunteers. Halted beyond Edenburg and encamped for the night with the brigade. At 6 a. in. of the 24th again moved forward, and after a v~ry long and rapid march came upon the enemys rear guard a little distance beyond New Market. We were immediately deployed as skirmishers to connect with the Third Division; advanced out on the left of and through the town, skirmishing with the enemy, who kept f Iling back until (lark, when we established the line for the night about miles in advance of the town. Dnring the night the enemy fell back, and early the next morn- ing we were relieved by the Fourth New Jersey Volunteers, and, rejoin- ing the brigade, we resumed the march (with battalion Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers temporarily attached to the command) and proceeded to Harrisonburg, where we encamped for the night, and are now remaining. I append a list of (asnalties* and am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant. F. J. liANDALL, Capt., (iondg. 9~th Ilegt. Penm. Vols., ((0(1 flatt. 96th Penn. Vols. Capt. N\. P. ROOME A 50 StOn t Adjuta at- General. No. 25. ]iej)o rts of Col. Oh cer Edwards, Thirty-sc ienlh Massachusetts fl(fan try, coni man ding TI ird Brigade, of operations & pternber 19October 25. HDQRS. TrnRD BnmG.. FIRsT Div., SIXTH ARMY CoRPS, flinch ester, I a., 5~epteinber 24, 1864. Smu: I have the honor to rel)ort that a detachment of the Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry were sent out on the Berryville turnpike half a mile beyond the Opequon to aseertain whether any of our wonnded ofli- cers aimd men were, as reported, at that point. This party, consisting of two commissioned officers and fifty men, were attacked by a band of the enemys guerrillas, numbering 150 or 200, amid, althongh well disposed for a fight, completely routed, but four of them having as yet reported. When the news of the disaster reached this post the entire reoimnent was at once dispatched to the point where it occurred, the whole Nominal list (omitted) shows 1 man killed aol I officer tad 4 men wounded Page 184 184 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CHAP. TJV~ country was thoroughly scouted, two of our own dead and one of the enemys that fell in the engagement were discovered, but no further information as to the whereabouts of the enemy or the further extent of the loss could be ascertained, except that [they] saw a squad cutting their way through and moving in the direction of Harpers Ferry. Mosby is hovering around this vicinity with at least 400 men. Two hundred men of the regiment of cavalry on duty at this post are new recruits, and, I think, with an increase of force he could be probably either captured or used up. I would, therefore, request that the Fourth New York, Major Schwartz coinman ding, be added to the cavalry force at this post. In the house of Mrs. OBannon, on Kent street, where Major Gilmor lay wounded until noon the 19th instant, are two ladies who were employed in the service of the rebel Government as clerks, Miss Fannie Dickens, Fairfax County, Va., and Miss Kate iReily, for- merly of this place. These ladies represent that they are without homes or employment, have no means of subsistence, and ask to be sent beyond the lines. I respectfully ask for instructions in the matter. A train of 150 wagons loaded with wounded and large number of empty wagons will leave for Harpers Ferry early to-morrow to return in obedience to orders. Eight hundred and forty-two prisoners, to- gether with the captured artillery and train of wagons loaded with wounded, arrived this p. m. The post-office of the place was fired to-day, probably by men about the hospitals. The fire was, with great difficulty, subdued, and the matter is being investigated. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. EDWARDS, Cotonci, Commanding Post. HDQRS. THIRD BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, SIXTH Coups, Winchester, Va., & pternber 30, 1864. MAJOR: In obedience to circular from headquarters First Division, Sixth Army Corps, I have the honor to forward the following details of the part takeim by my command in the recent engagement at the Ope- quon on the 19th instant: This brigade with the rest of the corps, left its camp near Clifton, Va., on the morning of the 19th instant. Shortly after 3 oclock reached the Opequon and crossed not long after sunrise. The enemy were met in force about two miles southwest of that stream. The bri- gade was placed in position on the left of the turnpike, in columns of battalions at full distance, at right angles with the line of battle, with instructions to move by the right flank and keep 300 yards in rear of the line and move forward when the first line advanced. In this posi- tion the command suffered severely from a hot and continuous fire from the enemys artillery. At 11.40 the column commenced to move for- ward, coming into line of battle immediately after passing through the first belt of woods. Thus the brigade continued its forward movement under quite a severe fire until ordered to move double-quick to the right of the road, as the enemy had broken through the line of the Nineteenth Corps. Seeing the enemy had got to the rear and right of us, I ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Montague, commandiub the Thirty- seventh Massachusetts Volunteers, to attack them at that point. At the same time the enemy came out of the woods in front of us in two lines of battle and charged. I advanced my brigade with bayonets a Page 185 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY cIAMPAIGN. 185 the charge, forcing the fugitives in front to lay down as we passed over them. We opened fire at 150 yards range and drove the enemy back handsomely. At the same time Lieutenant-Colonel Montague drove the enemy back from the rear and right, taking 150 prisoners and inflict- ing severe loss upon the enemy, though I regret to say the Thirty- seventh Massachusetts lost over one-third its number; nothing but their Spencer rifles enabled them to defeat more than five times their number. Capt. H. H. Young, brigade inspector, and Lieutenant Colt, seeing the battery on the left of the road in danger of capture, placed the Forty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers in support, who handsomely repulsed the enemy and flanked that part of their line that was in front of the balance of the brigade on the right of the turnpike. Gen- eral Russell was killed at this time charging with my brigade. As soon as the lines were reformed on our right an advance was ordered. We moved steadily forward, driving the enemy before us. -General Upton was wounded, and turned over the command of the division to me. Again the advance was ordered and the division charged across the open country in magnificent line and order up to the heights of Winchester. The enemy broke before us and were ronted. The Forty- ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers saved Cowans battery, and the Thirty. seventh 1~Jassachnsetts Volunteers saved Stevens. The officers of these two artiflery organizations acknowledged that these regiments succeeded in preventing the enemy from captnring their pieces. The Thirth-seventh Massachusetts Volunteers also captured the battle-flag of the Second Virginia Infhntry, and the Forty-ninth Pennsylvania the headquarters flag of General Fitzhugh Lee. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. EDWARDS, Colonel, Commanding Brigade. Maj. H. R. DALTON, As8ista n t Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, Winche8ter, Va., October 5, 1864. GENERAL: The picket-post from the army at the front, numbering about 150 cavalry, Fourteenth Pennsylvania, stationed at Mount Jack- son, were attacked at daylight day before yesterday. One captain and thirty-seven men of said post reported night before last here; fifteen have come in to- day. They were captured and paroled by the Sev- enthi Virginia Cavalry. They represent that Hamptons Legion were expected early yesterday muorning at daylight at Cedar Creek, and that a dispatch bearer from General Sheridan, with orders not to send any train forward, was captured by the enemy; also that they heard heavy firing yesterday morning at the front. Do not think, general, that I overrate the danger between here and the front. I simply give you the above as taken in detail, and believe about half of it myself, if you think it is necessary to send any of this report to General Steven- son, please do so. The train that left here yesterday morning for the front had 1,207 cavalry and 300 infantry for escort. There is a rumor that the train was captured at Cedar Creek. I place no faith in it at all, and feel sure that the train will go through all right. I hope to be able to come down to see you in a day or two. The bridge at Eden- burg has been burned, and also the bridge at Mount Jackson. Eden Page 186 186 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCHAP. Lv. burg bridge is of some importance, as the ford is difficult. Four men of the Eighty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers were taken yesterday by the First Maryland Cavalry near my lines. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. EDWAJ~DS, Colonel, (Jomnwnding Post. Brigadier-General ~EJLL, Commanding Post at Miartinsbnrg. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FoncEs, Winchester, Va., October 25, 1864. COLONEL: ill have the honor to report that at about 9 a. m. the escort that came from Martinsburg last evening with General Keill left this post to return. This escort consisted of fifty men, thirty of whom were froiu the Twenty-second Pennsylvania Cavalry, under command of Second Lient. B. F. Hasson, Twenty-second Cavalry~ General A. N. I)nffl~, with his two-horse light spring wagon, and Captain IRoome, assistant adjutant-general, Second Brigade, First Division, Sixth Corps, who was here wounded, with the headquarters light wagon of that bri- gade, accompanied it on its return. When about five miles from this place General Duffl~, with ten men from the escort, with his light wagon, pushed ahead, and when about one mile and a half beyond the main body was attacked by a party from Mosbys or Gilmors band of guerrillas and captured. The wagon was run off to the side of the road and is supposed to have been taken away. A courier from the escort brought in the news of the disaster, and the other light wagon returned. I immediately sent out the Forty-ninth Pennsylvania Vol- unteer Infantry and the Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry to hunt up the enemy. The commanding officer of the Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, having ascertained that the party went off toward Snickers Ferry, immediately put off in that direction and has not, as yet, returned. The enemys force is supposed to have been somewhere in the neighborhood of 300 men. Major Durland, commanding Seven- teenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, has since returned and reports that he followed this force by a circuitous route as far as Seivers Ford, on thc Opequon, and that they received reliable information from citizens along the route that General Duffi~s spring wagon, with himself and one other officer inside, had passed the vicinity of Brucetown. J will await further orders as when to forward the next. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. EDWARDS, Colonel, Commanding. Lient. Col. JAMEs W. FORSYTH, Chief of Staff, Middle Military i)irision. IIDQRS. Tuin~ BIUG., FiRST Div., SIxTH ARi~iv CORPS, October 27, 186-1. MAJOR: In obedience to Special Orders, No. ~6, from headquarters Middle Military District, of October 15, 1864, I have the honor to for- ward the following report of the operations of my command since the organization of the army up to the 10th instant: On the 9th of August my brigade, with the rest of the corps, com- menced the movement up the Valley. On the 12th the brigade was d Page 187 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 187 tached from the rest of the division and ordered to garrison Winchester. Relieved by General Kenlys troops on the I 3th; marched as guard to the trains as far as Middletown, rejoining the division at Cedar Creek, where remained nntil night of the 16th, when the command marched, reaching the Opequon the following afternoon; left on the morning of the 18th and marched to the vicinity of Charlestown. On the 21st the enemy attacked onr l)icket-line, the Thirty-seventh Massachusetts and Second Rhode Island Volunteers on the line. That night moved back as far as Ilalltown. On the afternoon of the 22d ordered to the support of the Army of West Virginia; remained in this position until the 28th, when the command moved as far as Charlestown, taking np its old position. On the 3d of September moved from camp near Charles- town, Va., and marched as far as Clifton, where the position was intrenched and the command remained in it until the morning of the 19th, when, with the rest of the corps, it moved out to the Opequon, crossed that stream shortly after daylight, and participated in the engagement of that day, losing 16 commissioned officers and 228 enlisted men. On the morning of the 20th the command was assigned to duty at Winchester, where it has remained as a garrison to the post np to the present time. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, O.EDWARDS, - Maj. HENRY R. DALTON, Colonel, (lornrnandinq. Assistant Adjutant- General, First Dir., Sixth Arm1, Corps. No. 26. Report qt Lieut. Col. Baynton J. Iliclanan For ty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, o/ ~9perations September 19. HDQRS. FORTY-NINTH PENNSYLVANIA VOLLTNTEERS, September 25, 1864. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders, I have the honor to forward the following statement of the part taken by this command in the battle of Winchester, September 19, 1864: We broke camp at 3 a. in. and marched to the Berryville crossing of the Opequon, which we crossed about 8 a. in. and marched about two miles on the turnpike toward Winchester before we got into position. The brigade was formed in column of battalions, this command on the extreme left of the brigade, supporting the Second and Third Divisions of the Sixth Corps. When ordered to advance we marched by the left flank through a dense wood to a ravine, where we came into line and advanced to the crest. Here the enemy succeeded in driving back the advance which we were supporting. By the time we reached the top of the crest we became the front line, owing to some confusion among the troops on the right. We received the order to change front to rear, which was done under fire as steadily as on drill. This left a battery on our left unsupported, which the enemy discovered and advanced on the double-quick to capture. The command was called On to save it. We advanced again on a line with the battery,when the enemy retired. We again advanced to a ravine and halted, our right resting on the turnpike. While in this ravine we were supplied with ammunition, & c. The order to advance was givemi and obeyed with a will by the officer Page 188 188 OPE1~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCHAP. LV. and men, keeping a well-dressed line, halting occasionally for the right and left to get up with us, under a lieavy fire, to the protection of a line of rail piles used by the enemy. While in rear of these rails the coin- mand was enfiladed by two of the enemys guns on our left flank and a heavy fire from a battery in our front. Troops coming up on our left drove these off, while we silenced those in front with a steady fire of musketry. The enemy soon ceased resistance. We advanced to the suburbs of the town without further opposition. Darkness coming on we bivouacked for the night near the Winchester cemetery. It must not be forgotten that in the command there were nearly 150 men who were under fire for the first time. Their cooliiess could not be surpassed by the oldest veterans. After getting under fire the regi- ment was not disgraced by having a single straggler. Casualties during the day were as follows: Killedofficer, 1; men, 10. Woundedofficers, 2; men, 31. Total officers, 3; men, 41. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. J. HICKMA~4, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. J. W. LATTA, Assistant Adjntant- aeneral. No. 27. Report o.f Col. Isaac C. Bassett, Eighty-second Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations September 19. HDQR8. EIGHTY-SECOND PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS, September 27, 18G4. CAPTAIN: In obedience to orders, I report the following part taken by this command in the engagement of the 19th instant: On the morning of September 19, at 3 oclock, left our camp near Berryville, Va., and marched to Opequon Creek, where we arrived at about 7 oclock. Crossed creek and moved about two miles toward Winchester, where we halted until about 11 oclock, when we were ordered to advance with the Third Brigade. Advanced through a dense woods and heavy artillery firing. After we passed through woods, formed line and advanced under heavy musketry about ~ quarter of a mile. Finding troops of the Third Division falling back, we charged the enemy, and succeeded (after some two hours fighting) in driving them. Continued to advance until we reached the railroad, on edge of Winchester. at dark, where we encamped for the night. Our loss. (which was previously reported) was 7 enlisted men killed, 2 officers and 53 men wounded. The death of General Russell, con~manding First Division, Sixth Army Corps, and wounding of General Upton, commanding Second Brigade, placed Colonel Edwards in command of the First Division and myself in command of the Third Brigade. I am, very respectfully, yours, I. C. BASSETT, Colonel, Comman4ing. Capt. JAMES W LATTA, Assistant Adjutant- General, Third Brigade Page 189 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 189 No. 28. Report of Lient. Col. Gideon Clark, One hundred and nineteenth Penn- syirania infantry, of operations September 19. HEADQUARTERS 119TH PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS, September 26, 1864. CAPTAIN: In obedience to instructions contained in circular from headquarters Third Brigade, First Division, Sixth Army Corps, Sep- tember 23, 1864, 1 have the honor to forward the following rel)ort of the part taken by this command in the engagement of September 19: On the morning of September 19 this command broke camp near Berryville, Va., moving left in front with the rest of the brigade in a westerly direction to the Opequon; crossed and threw out one comniis- sioned officer and twenty men as flankers omi right; thence advanced rapidly up the Berryville pike to within about four niiles of Winchester- turned to left of the pike, and flied into a ravine nuder fire of the enemys artillery, where we occupied the second line of battle. IRe- niamned in this position for two hours, then moved by the left flank in two columns, taking up a position in a perpendicular line to the fromit with battalion distance, where we received a heavy shelling. After remainiug in this positiomm about an hour we again moved by the left flank (meantime brisk skirmishing going on in our front) with munch difficulty through a dense woods of timnber and scrub oak. After get- ting through this piece of woods and again coming out into open coun- try we formed in line in a ravine, fifth regiment fromn the right; then received orders to advance in line, we being the second line of battle; the enemy being driven by the first line, we did not become engaged until we had advamiced probably half a mile or more, taking a diagonal course to the left across a ravine and strip of woods of tlmick underbrush, when we changed front to rear on first company. Moved by the right flank, and filing to the right again crossed the ravine with slight confusion in the ranks, caused by density of underbrush, but the regiment soon again formned in its original line. The tirimmg with the front line by this time became very spirited, the enemy driving it in confusion through our line, and following them up soon made their appearance in a cornfield in our front, their musketry and artillery both doing great execution to our line. We were then ordered to advance, wimich we did, and driving them fromn their position in the field were ordered to halt behind a fence, at which time the firing became brisk amid the enemy fell back into a woods of high timber, the firing being kept up between us for some time. In this position we lay about two hours. While here Genera] Sheridan rode aloii- amidst the cheers of the whole line, in spiriting the men. A skirmish line was then thrown out and we were ordered to advance. Moved forward in line of battle, driving the enemy before us, halting at the outer edge of the woods a few moments, thence forward to the crest of a hill. At this point we recemved a severe enfilading fire from the enemys guns on our left flank and in our immediate front. We were ordered to about face, moved some fifty paces to the rear, about faced and were ordered to lie down. Again did General Sheridan ride along the lines and the enthusiasm of the men became unbounded. Once more we pressed Thrward, driving the enemy in great disorder; advanced some 2O~ yards under fire of the enemys artillery planted on redoubt upon a high piece of ground near the town of Winchester. This artillery was soon compelled to cease firing and we moved forward, halting on th Page 190 190 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Ml)., AND PA. [CHAP. Lv. railroad about a half hour, by this time the fighting having subsided. We then moved by the left flank to near a cemetery, where we arrived at about 8p. m. and bivouacked for the night. The officers of this command all conducted themselves upon this occasion in the most gallant and praiseworthy manner, and the impetu- osity of the men to rush into the thickest of ~he fight could scarcely be restrained. The casualties sum up a totai of 2 enlisted men killed and 2 commis- sioned officers and 19 enlisted men wounded. Very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, GIDEON CLARK, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Capt. JAMES W. LATTA, Assistant Adjutaitt- general. No. 29. Report qf Capt. Elisha H. Rhodes, Second Rhode Island Infantry, of operations September 19. HEADQUAJiTEnS SECONi) RHODE iSLAND VOLUNTEERS, Wine/tester, Va., September 27, 18G4. SIR: I have the honor to respectfully report that my command moved with the brigade, fourth battalion in order of march, 0n the morning of the 19th instant, and after crossing Opequon Creek formed with the brigade in rear of the Second Division, Sixth Corps. In the afternoon I went into action on the left of the Fifth Wisconsin Battalion, but was soon ordered by the brigade commander to report to Lieutenant-Cob onel Montague, commanding the Thirty-seventh Regiment Massachu- setts Volunteers, on the extreme right of the division lines. Crossing the open fields I moved at a double-quick for a distance of half a mile, and reported under a heavy fire of musketry and canister from two guns, which the enemy had posted in a piece of woods about 300 yards in our front. I formed on the left of the Thirty-seventh [Massachusetts] Volunteers, and when the order to advamice was given I moved for- ward with that regiment and continued with them until the action terminated, when I bivouacked with the brigade in the field. My officers and men bebaved splendidly, and I take great pleasure iii mentioning Second Lient. Charles W. Gleason, conunanding Company B, Sergt. Maj. David Small, Corpl. Thomas Parker (wounded), and Private William J. Babcock, Company B, as particularly distinguishing themselves by their gallant conduct. Although engaged during the entire action, my losses were very few. I have already forwarded a list of casualties.* I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. H. RHODES, Captaiu, Comdg. Battalion Second Rhode island To~nnteers. Capt. J. W. LATTA, Asst. Adjt. (len., Third Brig., First i)ir., Sixth Corps. Lmbodie(l in table, ~ 112 Page 191 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 191 No. 30. Report of Capt. John B. Doughty, Fifth Wisconsin Infantry, of oper ations Septeatber 19. IIDQRS. J3ATTALION FIFTH WiSCONSIN VOL. INFANTRY, September 25, 1864. CAPTAIN: In compliance with circular from brP~ade headquarters, I have the honor to submit the following report of part taken by this command iu the engagement of the 19th instant: This battalion, with the brigade, broke camp near Clifton, Va., on the 19th instant, and marched theiice to about three miles west of Opequon Creek, where we formed in line of battle in rear of the Third Division, Sixth Corps; p8rticipated in the charge, and had 4 enlisted men killed, 1 commissioned officer md 11 enlisted men wounded. I am, sir, very resl)ectfully, your obedient servant JOHN 1~. DOUGHTY Captain, Comm an ding Batt~iion. Capt. JAMES W LATTA, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 31. Reports of l3rig. Ge,i. George TV. Getty, U. S. Army, commanding Second Dirision, 0/ operations September 1922 and October 19. HEADQUAR TEES SECOND DIv1~ION, SIXTh Conps, Near ilarrisonbnrg, Va., October 4, 1864. Sw: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this division in the late operations from the 19th to the 22d of September, inclusive: The division moved at 2 a. m. on the 19th from camp near Clifton ~ reached the crossing of Opequon Creek by the I3erryville and Win- chester pike at 6 a. m. in advance of the infantry of the corps and army; immediately crossed and pushed on toward Winchester to the support of Wilsons division of cavalry, which was engaging the enemy some tw o miles dmstant, at the point where the defile or ravine through which the road winds after crossing the Opequon heads and loses itself in the high and rolling country. On reaching this point the (livision was moved to the left under the fire of the enemys artillery and placed in position, generally in one line, with the right resting on the pike and the left extending to Abrahams Creek, a branch of the Opequon. The (hivision remained in this position until 11.40 a. in., exposed to artillery lire. Warners (Second) and Wheatons (First) brigades being well screened by a skirt of pine woods suffered little, but Bidwells (Third) brigade, which occupied a high, open ridge, lost considerably from artillery. The Third Division, Sixth Corps, continued the line on the right. Wilsons cavalry took post on the left, a mile distant. Mc- Knights and Cowans batteries, of the Sixth Corps, were placed imme- diately in rear of Bidwells brigade, and, advancing and tiring as the lines advanced, rendered most important service. In front the ground was descending and nearly all open, though broken by ravines as far as Winchester, fully two miles and a half dista~nt, In the genera Page 192 [CHAP. Lv. 192 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. advance at 11.40 a. in. the division moved forward, penetrated the thin pine woods, and emerged on the open and somewhat broken ground in front, receiving a heavy fire unflinchingly. Pressed forward rapidly and drove back the enemys lines in confusion 500 yards beyond his original position. At this moment the unexpected giving way of a portion ot the troops on my right checked the farther advance of th~ division. The enemy pressing forward in the gap thus formed, obtained a flank and reverse fire on the Second and First Brigades, which coni- pelled a partial change in their front. This was promptly and hand- somely executed under the direction of Brigadier-General Wheaton, commanding First Brigade. The success of the enemy, however, was but momentary. He was promptly met, held iii check, and finally repulsed by several batteries, prominent aniong which was Stevens (Maine) battery of light 12-pounders, of the corps and troops of tIle First Divisioii. For several hours now there was a lull in the action with the exception of a coiistant fire of skirmishers an~l artillery. The car- tridge-boxes were replenished, the lines readjusted, and everything put in readiness for a farther advance. About 3.30 p. m. an advance was made by the troops on the extreme right and very heavy firing took place. Observing that the enemy were breaking and running back on the right, I ordered aii immediate advance of the division. The enemy held his ground with considerable tenacity for some time, keeping up a hot and destructive fire of artillery and musketry upon the advancing lines. At length he gave way in great confusion. The artillery moving up with the lines of battle silenced that of the enemy, aiid the troops pressing forward pursued him past Winchester. The division bivouacked for the night on Abrahams Creek. On the 20th the division marched to Strasburg, and on the 21st went into position in two lines on the right of the First Division, and nearly opposite the center of the enemys intrenchinents at Fishers Hill. Immediately in front of the right of the division was a commanding height having a fine view of the enemys works and held by him in considerable force. After two unsuccessful attacks by detached regi- ments the position was charged by the First Brigade, Col. J. M. Warner, Eleventh Vermont, commanding, just before dark, with the bayonet, and carried. The lines were moved forward and established on. the crest, where they remained until the afternoon of the following day. During the night temporary breast-works were constructed. At 4 p. m. on the 22d the lines were advanced, under a heavy fire from the enemys batteries, to the crest immediately in front of his works. At 5 p. m. the movement of Crooks corps and the Third Division, Sixth Corps, on the right, being successful, and the enemy in their front fall- ing back rapidly and in confusion, the division was ordered to charge the enemys works. At the command the men dashed over the crest, crossed Tumbling Run, swept up the slope on the other side, and carried the works, capturing 4 guns (Carpenters rebel battery), 1 battle-flag, and nearly 300 prisoners. The enemy poured in one tre- mendous volley as the troops were struggliimg across the defile, then broke and fled in the wildest disorder. It had now become dark, and nothing but the approach of night saved the enenmy from utter destruc- tion. Our loss was trifling. The troops did not stop at the captured forts, but pressed forward with the greatest enthusiasm after the flying rebels, and in the eagerness of pursuit became somewhat scattered. A number of prisoners and one piece of artillery on the left of the pike were captured by the Forty-third Regiment New York Volu Page 193 CHAP. LY.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 193 teers, of BidweiPs brigade, in the pursuit. The division was rcasscm- bled by 8 p. m. and moved forward during the night in the advance of the army to Woodstock. In the battle of the 19th the division captured about 500 l)risoIiers, of whom 310 were taken by Wheatons brigade. With great pride I bear witness to the uniform good conduct of the command, both officers and men. In the battle of Winchester when the troops on my right broke nothing coul(1 excecd their steadiness. Individual acts of bravery and good conduct will be found mentioned in the reports of brigade commanders which accompany this. To Brigadier-General Wheaton, commanding First Brigade on the 19th; Brigadier-General Bidwell, commanding Third Brigade; Col. J. M. Warner, Eleventh Vermont Volunteers, commanding Second Brigade on the 19th, and First Brigade on the 21st and 22d, and (Jol. George P. Foster, Fourth Vermont Volunteers, commanding Second Brigade on the 21st and 22d, the country is indebted for most important and valuable services. The members of my stafflMaj. Charles Mundee, assistant adjutant-general; Capt. fl azard Stevens, assistant ad~jutant-genera1 and acting assistant inspector-general; Capt. Robert L. Orr, assistant com- missary of musters, and Capt. Henry J. Giftord, Forty-ninth New York Volunteers, ordnance officer of the divisionare likewise deserving of great credit. Capt.William H. Terrell, Forty-third New York Volunteers, commanding division sharpshooters, is also deserving of especial men- tion. He held the extreme left with his detachment, and after render- ing most efficient service was seriously wounded. I append hereto a nominal list 01 casualties,* amounting in the aggre- gate to 669. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEO. W. GETTY, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. Maj. C. A. WHITTIER, A. A. A. G., Sixth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS SECOND DIVISION, SIXTH Coups, November 15, P~64. i~IAJoR: I have the honor to make the following report of the oper- ations of the 19th of October, 1864, the battle of Cedar Creek: At an early hour the camp was aroused by picket-firing on the flanks of the army, soon followed by heavy musketry on the left. The divis- ion was immediately ordered under arms, and at about 6 a. ni. moved by the left in two lines toward the pike. On reaching Meadow Run, a fire from the enemys skirmishers occupying a piece of woods near the pike was encountered. Skirmishers were immediately thrown forward, the woods cleared, arid the division formed in two lines along the run, nearly parallel to the pike, and connecting on the right ivith the First Division. As soon as formed, the lines were advanced across the run, the left thrown forward in order to gain possession of the pike. At this juncture, observing the troops on the right falling back in confu- sion, and running through the artillery of the corps, and heavy lines of rebel infantry pressing in that direction, I withdrew the (hivisioll to the west side of the creek, about 300 yards, to a strong crest, semi-cir- cular in form and partially wooded. The second line was moved up and extended the first, it being necessary to cover as much ground as possible. T he right tiank of the division was entirely uncovered; LDIbodi4-4 in tables, pp. 113, 120. 13 R HVOL XLIII, PT Page 194 [CHAP. LY. 194 OPERATIONS IN N. YA., W. YA., MD., AND PA. on the left, however, where the crest was refused parallel to and border- ing the run, a skirmish line of Bidwells brigade (Third), which held that flank, was extended along the height and connected with a skir- mish line of a portion of Merritts cavalry on the left rear. This move- ment was closely followed np by the enemy, and the line was barely established in the new position when he attacked in force, with great vigor, but was repulsed. The attack fell heaviest on the right, War- ners brigade (First), and on the left center, where Bidwells and Grants brigades joined. The eneuiys lines charged to within thirty yards of the crest, when, unable to withstand our fire, they fell back in disorder. Reforming at the foot of the hill they again charged, to be again repulsed. The enemy now brought up his batteries and concentrated on the division a severe fire of artillery, but being sheltered by the ground the loss from this cause was lighter than could have been expected. After holding this position for over an hour, it at length became neces- sary to withdraw the division, the enemy having turned the right and opened a flank and reverse fire upon the line. Obliquing to the right to gain the pike, the division retired in perfect order, marching slowly and making several halts, to a position about a mile north of Middle- town, where a new line was established, with the left resting on the pike, connecting with Merritts cavalry, already in position on the east side of the pikes and slight rail breast-works were thrown up. The line of skirmishers was strengthened and the farther advance of the enemy checked. While repelling the enemys attacks on the crest held in the morning, I was informed that the command of the corps, General Rick- etts being wounded, had devolved upon me. The command of the division was transferred to Brig. Gen. Lewis A. Grant. At this time no portion of the army, with the exception of this division, was fighting on tIme field. The infantry and artillery, driven by the enemy from the field, had fallen back some distance and were reorganizimig. On withdrawing from the position I sent orders to the comniamiders of the First and Third Divisions to conforni to the movements ot the Second, amid when this division was halted the First amid Third were brought up to the line amid placed on the right, the Third holding the center and the First the right of the corps line. General Sheridan reaching the field between 11 aimd 12 oclock, I relinquished the coni- mand of the corps to Major-General Wright and resumed that of the division. During all this time the division lay under a heavy artillery fire, and the enemys skirumishers were sharply engaged with ours, who held theni at b.ay and repulsed several attack~ in some force. Just before 1 p. in. I received imitelligence from Major-General Sheridan, through one of his aides-de-camp, Captain OKeefie, that thc enemy were preparing for an attack, and that it would probably fall upon mny right flank; also directions to mass in that (hirection. In obedience to these instructions, Grants brigade (Second) was I mumediately moved to the right and posted by Major-General Wright in support of the ri o-ht of the Sixth and left of the ~ inctecuth Corps. The attack was made. at 1 oclock, fell heav jest, I understand, upon time Nineteenth Corps, and was repulsed. Grants brigade was shortly after withdrawn and placed in reserve in rear of the center of time division limme. At 3.30 the geimeral advance was made. The divisiomi, Grants brigade having prev1ously taken its position in the line, moved forward over perfectly OI)CIL ground, with tIme exception of time extreme right, which was screened by woods, ammd under a heavy fire ftr half a mile, when a check wras experiemmced. The Ninety-third Pennsylvania Yeterai Volunteers, on the extrenme rig- lit of the division, fell back in some confusion, for the reason, it is alleged Page 195 Gun. LY.J THE SHENANDoAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 195 that the troops on their right felibsok. At the same time the Third Brigade, which held the 1efI~, resting on the pike, hewing advanced to a came under a terrific fire of infantry and artil- very and was mpeiled to fall back. Grants brigade Seoond) and the of Warners brigade (First) ho wever7 stood somewhat covered by a stone wall. The frhird En e and the inety-third Pennsylvania Volunteers were soon taIIi and brought back on the line. The division then advanced again, and, oharging over open g~nnd~ drove the eneiy~ who was strongly posted behind stone walls, his first position ask upon his second, near Middletown. Pol- lowing up closely, he was soon forced from this position and driven through the town. The troops pressed hotly after the now broken rebels, without regard to lines or order as far as Cedar Creek, where the command was halted, reformed, and maroiiod back to the camps of the morning. During the advance in the afternoon Stevens (Maine) battery of light 12-pounders and a section of Lambs battery (10- der Parrotts) were brought up, placed in tion b Colonel chief of artillery, ad served with ra i an I take greatpride in reca the services of the division in the Operations of this eventibi daybreak the division was on the . extreme right of the infantry of the army. Immediately after daylight it moved by the 1St toward Middletown, with a view of g pm sion of the Ike and the high grond near the town. its maroh it enco~~ the enemy formed line rapidly, and immedlatel~r advanced, driving the enemy amA taking some prisoners. At this tune, finding itself on the extreme left~, compelled, from unforeseen canes, to halt and occupy a crest 800 yards to the rear, it held this position unsup. and unaided for over an hour after all other troops had left the the farther advance of the enemy and repulsing every attaek, thus giving time to the scattered commands to reorganize and reibrm. Finally, outnumbered and outflanked, the division moved backleisurely, contesting everyinohofground,aj,n,~t amile tothe north of Kiddletown, with its left resting on the pike, and in this position served as the nucleus on which the lines of the army were reformed. In the afternoon the division advanced upon the lines of the enemy over almost entirely opei grond, in the face of a heavy fire of musketry and artillery, and although parts ofthe linehad to yield forthe moment to the galling fire encountered, the mass of the divirnonmoved steadily on, driving the enemy from his firstposition bask upon his second, and eventuall forcing him from this position and driving him in confusion through liddleton and the plains beyond to and over Cedar Creek. The conduct ofthe officers and men was gallant and steady through- out the dii . Brig. Gin. L. A. Gram CoL J. II. Warner Eleventh Vermont olunteers, and Lient. CoL B., Pronch, Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers, brigade commanders,are entitled to t credit But two members of my staff were present on the field, IIq . Charles Mundee, assistant adjutant-genersi, wonded, and Capt Hazard Ste. vens, both of whom deserve special mention. The others were either . absent under orders or engaged in their legitimate duties. Attention is called to instances of individual bravery and good con- duct mentioned in the reports of brigade commanders. The loss of the division in killed, wounded, and missii~g was severe, as follows, viz: Killed, commissioned officers, 10; enlisted men, 95. Wounded, commissioned officers, 36; enlisted meui, 535. Missing, corn- missioned officers, 1; enlisted men, 59. Aggregate, 736. BS see YO!iSOd table, p. in Page 196 196 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Brig. Gen. ID. D. Bidwell, who commanded the Third Brigade, was struck by a shell and mortally wounded early in the day. Actuated by a true sense of duty and patriotism General Bidwell took up arms at the outbreak of the rebellion, and for more than three years followed the banner of the iRepublic, sharing with his troops the dangers and privations of active field service., As a regimental and brigade coin- mander in the Army of the Potomac he took part in all the arduous campaigns and bloody battles of that army from Yorktown to Peters- burg, and was always at the head of his command, at the post of duty and danger. Brave and devoted as an officer, earnest, upright, and single-minded as a man, he was beloved by his command and respeete(l by every one. In his death the country and service have suffered a great loss. The reports of brigade commanders are herewith respectfully sub- mitted, with a list of casualties. The number of small-arms recovered from the field fought over by the division, as reported by Captain G-ifku-d, ordnance officer, is as follows, viz: 461 Enfleld muskets, 405 Springfield muskets, 35 U. S. Springfield muskets; total, 901. I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEG. W. GETTY, Brigadier- General, U. S. Volunteers, Commanding Division. Maj. C. A. WHITTIER Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 32. Report of Brig. Gen. Frank Wheaton, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade, of operations September 19. HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., SF~QoND Div., SIXTH ARMY CORPS, September 21, 18(51. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of this brigade during the battle of Winchester, fought on the 19th instant: The brigade moved with the other troops of the division, being second in order of march, at 2 a. in., from our camp near Clifton, and, crossing the Opequon on the Winchester and Berryville pike at 6 a. in., took position by direction of General Getty, commanding the division, on the right of the Third Brigade, in single line, about two miles and a half from Winchester, the order of regiments, beginning on the right, as follows: Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, Lient. Col. John B. Kohler; Ninety-third Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, Lient. Col. John S. Long; One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Vol- unteers, Maj. James II. Coleman; One hundred and thirty-ninth Penii- sylvania Volnnteers, Maj. IRobert Mnnroe, and the Sixty-second New York Veteran Volunteers, Lient. Col. The& dore B. Hamilton. The latter, a very small regiment, had been previously detailed as a flank- ing column on the right of the brigade, and was colleCted and brought to join the command, just in time to move with the line which was ordered to advance at twenty minutes to 12 oclock. A strong skim- nfi~h line had already been posted tlmrough the woods iii our front some 300 yards, and occupied a crest iii clear ground, relieving the cavalry skirmishers. The advance through the woods was difficult, and th Page 197 (HAP. LV.1 THE ~1IENANDOAll VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 197 readjustment of our line, under cover of the crest occupied by our skir- mishers, became necessary. This had bceu partially eft~eted under a severe skirmish and artillery fire, when the troops on my right, with whom I was ordered to keep up, and on whom 1 was to keep aligned, rushed forward with a shout, an(l from that moment it wasimpossible to preserve the order in the advance that was so desirable and impor- tant. Over the crests and into the ravine beyond them the troops hurried on, encouraged by the retreat of the rebel skirmishers, who fell back on their reserves; those in our brigade front took an admirable position, considerably to the right of my right regiment, and firing down a ravine that ran obliquely from right to left across our line of battle checked the advance and necessitated another readjustment of our line, which was soon so well effected that the left, advancing, enfi- laded the rebel reserves, many of whom were captured; one regiment, the One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, sending 171 enlisted men, 8 line and 2 field officers to the rear. The woods, ravines, & c., were now such obstructions that I found it impossible to again halt our troops for alignment, and on they swept with the greatest gallantry aiid enthusiasm, carrying everything before them. The bat- terv iii our front hastily retired, but the troops on our left probably encountered greater difficulties in their advance an(l had not driven away the battery in their front and my brigade suffered from its enfilad- ing fire. One battalion of the brigade on the right kept its connection with our line and I supposed the troops on its right were eveim with us in our line of advance, but while making every effort to halt the troops and form a new line, to hold the groun(l we had gained, I discovered emerging from the wood8, some ~300 yards to our right and on a line with my front, a well organized column of the enemys infantry. At that time I believed there were troops on the prolongation of our line ready to meet and repel the attack I saw intended, but on rising a crest near by I learned to my surprise, that with the exception of a portion of the left battahiomi of the Second Brigade, under Maj. B. E. Johnson, I was entirely unsupported. The result of the operations on the right of our corps and in the Nineteenth Corps front were then unknown to me, but the attempt of the emiemys column referred to to cnt off my retreat, soon convinced mime that the extreme right of our line of battle had iiot been able to advamice with our corps, and the hasty withdrawal of my own brigade and the fragments of the Second Brigade that I was able to pick up as we retired, became necessary and was made with all rapidity. We would not have succeeded in reaching the commanding amid secure position afterward occupied by the brigade had not General (petty, seeing our isolated and exposed position, covered our movement by ordering up a battery and two regiments of the First Division to check the enemy, wJio up to that tinie were confidently double-quicking toward my right flank and rear. In a very short time the brigade was well formed and posted on a narrow road running at might angles to amid south of the pike. At 3.30 p. m. I was ordered to advance with the general line, and informed that mine would be the brigade of direction in the movement. Capt. James McKnights battery (M, Fifth U. S. Artmllerv) had made the prominent crest in our front so uncomfortable for the enemy, that for the distance of a quarter of a mile we met with little or no resistance. Just as we passed the earth.works fromn which the enemy had been compelled to withdraw his battery their heavy but somnewhat disordered skirmish line was encountered. At this time niy valuable aide-de-camp, Lient. Robert W. Lyon, was wounded for the fourth time during the war. Capt. William II. McCartneys (Firs Page 198 198 OPflATIONS IN IL VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA (duAl. Lt Massachusetts) battery (A) followed up our advance and took up a commanding position, materially aiding in the movement. which Ta5 by this time evidently succeeding all along the line of the army. With little difilegity we advanced to the brick house on the north side of the pike and at the foot of the slope east of Winchester. A severe artillery fire was here encountered and here some of the enemys infantry seemed inclined to delay ior a short time our advance. Sending to (leneral Getty for a battery to confront the one that was giving us so destructive a fire, I soon had Captain Stevens (Fifth Maine) battery trotting up to our support. From the moment it opened our forward movement was without opposition, and the enemy could be seen in the distance running routed to the rear in the direction of the Winchester and Strasburg pike. Our men were wild with delight at this evidence of their glorious success, and could hardly be restrained said kept in ranks. Of my gallant veteran brigade, which has so manytimes before shown its willingness and ability to meet the enemy, I cannot speak an too high terms of Rraise, and with the proudest satisfaction I refer to the fact that I received upon the field the thanks of the division commander hr the gallant manner in which their portion of the days work was done. The casualties in the brigade during the battle of Winchester were a cers as follows: Sixty-second New YorkUeut CoL T. B. Hamilton, slightly wounded; Lient. W.W. Sherman, sev& ely wounded. Ninety-third ivania VolunteersCapt P. (1. Mark and Lient. William Tate, severely wooded; Adjt. 3. M. Seibert and Lient B. F. Krieger, slightly wounded. Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veteran Vol- unteersCapt. Charles Been Capt Joseph Lautenbacher, Lieut. Will- is Wilson and Lieut.M.Jkckurray, severely wounded~ Lieut. John Heppler, killed. One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Vol- unteersCapt James I). Kirk and Lient C. S. Barclay, severely wounded. One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers- Capt James McGregor, slightly wounded~ Lieut. James C. Bartley, severely wounded. First Lient Robert *. Lyon, One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, aide-de-camp, severely wounded. Sixteen enlisted men were killed, 135 wounded, and 8 missing. B the One hundred and Pen lvania Veteran Volunteers, 2 Add officers1 8 line officers, and 161 enlisted men were captured. By the Ninety-third Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, 54 enlisted men were captured. By the Sixty-second New York Veteran Volunteers, 5 enlisted men were captured; and by the Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, and bythe One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsyl- vania Volunteers, 80 enlisted men were captured. These prisoners were turned over to gaards of the Second and First Divisions of this corps and to ~,avalxy provost; in some cases receipts were taken, but not in alL The following-named officers seemed entitled to special mention for their distinguished services during this battle, in which, however, all did well: Lient CoL Theodore ~ commanding Sixty-second New York Veteran Volunteers, who was wounded; Lient CoL John B. Kohler, commanding Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers; Maj. Robert Munroe, commanding One hundred and th~-ninth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, who was wounded; Mug. James H. ~leman, coin- But need table, p. 118 Page 199 CHAP. LV.j THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 199 manding One hundred and seCond Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, and Capt. James Patehell, One hundred and second Pennsylvania Vet- eran Volunteers. I am greatly indebted to my efficient and gallant staff for their untir- ing exertions during the battle, and desire to commend them to the favorable consideration of the general commanding. My assistant adjutant-general, Capt. George Clendenin, jr., has been comphmeiited fbr his rare soldierly qualities and good conduct on the field in every battle in which the brigade has been engaged since 1 have had the honor to command it; he has worked hard for and fully earned a major- ity in his department. Capt. Charles W. Eckman, Ninety-third Penn- sylvania Veteran Volunteers, brigade inspector; Capt. John Snodgrass, One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania~ Volunteers, aide- de-camp, and Lieut. Robert W. Lyon, One hundred and second Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, aide-de-camp, were in this battle the same ,good 501(liers they have always shown themselves to be. Submitting herewith the reports of regimental commanders, I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, FRANK WHEATON, Brajadier- General, Commanding. Maj. CHARLES MI~NDEE, Assistant Adjutant- General, Seeon(i i)irision., SLvth Corps. No. ~ keports of Col. James ill. lEarner, First Vermont Beary Artillerg, corn- inandiny First Brigade, of operations Septem her 2122 and October 19. IIDQR5. FIRsT BRIGADE, SECOND l)IyisloN. SIXTH Conps, September 28, 18G4. MAJOR: Pursuant to (lirections I have the honor to submit the fol- low-ing report of the part taken by this brigade in the operations of September 21 and 22: On the morning of the 21st were in bivouac about a utile north of Strasburg, on the Winchester and Strasburg pike. About noon moved about two miles to the right and left toward Fishers Hill and formed on time right of the Third Brigade in two lutes of battle, the Third Division soon after taking position on our right. Here we renmained until about 5 p. in., when the One hundred amid thirty-ninth Peminsylvania Volun- teers was sent to the support of the skirmish line. Soon afterward this regiment was directed to chain-ge a strong hue of skirmish pits, on a prominent crest in front, but was repulsed. About 6 p. ut. I was ordered with the remainder of the brigade to carry the position. The brigade was formed from left to right in the following order: Sixty- second New York, Ninety-eighth, One hundred and second, and Ninety- third Pennsylvania Volunteers. A regiment of the Third Division joined the right at the skirmish line. The charge was made with bayonets fixed, and time position carried, with a loss of S commis- sioned officers and 33 enlisted men. A strong skirmish line was thrown to the front and the position intrenched dunn g the night, the Second l3rigade coming in on our right and the Third on our left. Here we remained until the following day at 4 p. in., when the brigade wa Page 200 200 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. ordered forward to be governed in the movement by the Third Brigade, on our left. The One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volun- teers was agaiu deployed as skirmishers. In conforming to the move- ment of the Third Brigade the line was thrown well to the left, passilig over rough ground until we came to an 6peuing north of Tambling Creek. Here in the face of a heavy artillery and musketry fire the line moved forward and occupied an old line of rifle-pits facing a formidable ridge, the enemy occupying a redoubt and rifle-pits on the crest. This position was so formidable that it was deemed inexpedient to attempt to carry it until a diversion could be made on our right. This was effected about G p. in., when Crooks command, connecting with the Third Division, turned the enemys left flank. No sooner was this movement fairly under way than the brigade charged across the inter- vening space, carrying the works handsomely. The brigade captured at the redoubt three 3-inch rifled guns, one 12-pounder brass gun, four limbers, five horses and sets of harness, and four caissons complete. About 100 prisoners were taken by the brigade on the 21st and 22d instant. The following commanding officers of regiments, Lieut. Col. J. B. Kohler, Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers; Lieut. Col. T. B. Ham ilton, Sixty-second New York; Maj. J. H. Coleman, One hundred and second Pennsylvania Volunteers (whose regimental colors were the first npon the works); Capt. D. C. Keller, Ninety-third Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, and Capt. J. McGregor, One hundred and thirty-ninth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, are deserving of specialmneution for their gallantry and coolness under fire. I regret to report that Maj. Ilobert Munroc, One hundred and thirty- ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, is temporarily disabled for service, having received a severe wound in the hand in the charge on the even- ing of the 21st. ill cannot commend too highly the conduct of Capt. George Clendenin, ir., Capt. Charles W. Eckmnan, and Lieuts. H. J. Nichols and J. A. Lewis, of my staff, who were constantly exposed. Lieutenant Lewis was slightly wounded in the affair of the 21st, but resolutely kept the field on the following day. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. M. WARNER, Colonel Eleventh Vermont Volunteers, Commanding Brigade. Maj. CHARLES MUNDEE, Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Division, Sixth Corps. HDQRS. FIRST BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION, SIXTH CORPS, November 3, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this brigade on the 19th ultimo, near Middletown, Va.: At an early hour the troops were aroused by picket-firing, coin- menciug simnultaneously on the extreme right and left of the army. About 6 a. m. heavy mnusketry firing was heard in the direction of Crooks command, and the brigade was ordered to his assistance. We moved- by the left flank in two lines and formed, under fire from the emmemys skirmishers along Meadow Run, in the following order from left to right: Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veterami Volunteers, Ninety- third Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, Sixty-secind New York Vet Page 201 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 201 eran Volunteers, and One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, the One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran VoL unteers being in reserve. The Second and Third Brigades went into position on our left and the First Division on the right. As soon as the line was established the division moved across the run but was with- drawn immediately thereafter to its first position. Meantime Crooks command and the Nineteenth Corps were flanked, doubled up, and driven to the west of us, carrying with them the Third and a portion of the First Divisions. About 7 a.. m. the division was withdrawn by General Getty to a prominent crest abont 300 yards in our rear, facing in the new position nearly south and extending on time left nearly to the run; the One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers remaimmed in support to Battery C, First lihode Island. This regiment remained (letached from the brigade until about 2 p. m. The brigade occupied the same relative position to the division throughout the day, and was formed in the following order from left to right: Ninety eighth Penn- sylvania Veteran Volnnteers, Sixty-second New York Veteran Volun- teers, One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, and Ninety-third Pemmnsylvania Veteran Volunteers, the last two regiments extending into the woods. At 8.30 were attacked in front and (not- withstanding that the division was isolated, all the troops on the right having given way) repnlsed the attacking column, with heavy loss. The One hundred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer and Ninety-third Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer Regiments were ad- vanced, driving the rebels in confusion down the hill through the woods. A few moments later a heavy rebel column was discovered to our right and rear. About 9.30, by (lirection of General Getty retired slowly and in good order obliquely toward the pike and Imalted, after passing the cav- alry on a line with the First and Third I)ivisions opposite Middletown. About 10 the entire line was withdrawn to a position about a mile to the rear. Here General Sheridan assumed command. Ammunition was distributed and the enemys skirmnislmers who attacked about 12 m. were repulsed. At 4 p. in. a general advance was ordered. After moving about 200 yards, in consequence of the Third Division omm our right giving away, the Ninety-third Pennsylvania Veteran Volun- teers, which occupied the right, fell back in considerable confusion, but were quickly rallied. Time check was confined to one regiment only, and occasioned no serious delay. We then gained a stone wall, where a hot fire was kept up for nearly an hour, until the enemys left Imad been turned; beyond the point, which was a little in rear of the town, no serious opposition was enconimtered, our troops following the enemy across the wide plain from Muddletown to Cedar Creek, and driving him across in great disorder. At dark we returned to the camp of the morning. The brigade experienced a great loss in Lient.. Col. John B. Kohler, commanding Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, and Maj. James II. Coleman, commanding One hundred aimd second Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers. Colonel Kohler was killed before the engagemnent became general, in repulsing an attack upon our pickets on the extreme - right, and Major Coleman was instantly killed by a musket-ball at the head of his regiment in the last grand advance. I desire especially to commend to the general comumanding the con- duct of Lieut. Col. Theodore B. Hamilton, coinmaimdimig Sixty-second New York Veteran Volunteers; Lient. Col. John G. Parr, comumanding One hundred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers; Capt. Jamnes Patchell, who succeeded Major Coleman in command of the One hun Page 202 202 OPERATLON~ IN N. VA.,W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. dred and second Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers and was afterward wounded, and Capt. Gottfried Bauer, commanding Ninety-eighth Penn- sylvania Veteran Volunteers. Capt. George Clendenin, Jr., assistant adjutant-general; Capt. Charies XV. Eckman, acting assistant inspector-general; Lieuts. H. J. Nichols and J. A. Lewis Eleventh Vermont Volnateers, acting aides-dc-camp, all of whom I have had occasion to mention before, gave renewed evi- deuces of their gallantry and efficiency, Captain Eckmau anti Lieu- tenant Nichols being severely wounded. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. lxi. WAHNEiR, Colonel Eleventh Vermont Volunteers, Comm an ding Brigade. Capt. II. STEVENS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Di rision, Sixth Corps. No. 34. Reports of ]Iliaj. James H. Coleman, One hundred and second Pennsyl rania Infantry, of operations September 1922. IIDQRS. 102D HEGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VETERAN VOLS., Camp near Harrisonburg, Va., September 2G, 18G4. CAPTAIN: I have the honor io forward the following report of the part taken by the One hundred and second Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers in the recent operations near Winchester, Va.: The regiment left its camp near Clifton, Va., at 1 a. m. of September 19, moving by way of the Berryville pike, crossing the Opequon Creek and forming in line of battle about half a mile from the creek, on the left of the pike. At twenty minutes to 12 m. the line advanced toward the enemy, passing through a dense woods and over uneven ground, and reformed line on this side of the crest occupied by the enemy, under a severe musketry and artillery fire. The advance was again ordered, the regiment charged with the line at double-quick, rout- ing the enemy and driving them in great confusion from their rifle-pits, capturing 2 field officers, 8 line officers, and 161 enlisted men, all of whom were turned over to the provost-marshal of the corps. (Receipts have been received for but a portion of the prisoners.) The regiment also captured seven officers swords and two army revolvers. The regiment l)ursued the enemy about one mile, and to within 100 yards of their battery, which could easily have been taken had not a brigade of the enemy appeared on the Berryville pike to our right and rear, which forced the regiment to retire, which was done in good or(ler, forming line on a crest in front of that originally occupied by the eiiemy. Arrived at this point at twenty minutes to 2 p. m. About 3.30 p. m. the regiment again advanced under a terrific artillery fire of shot and shell. The line halted and reformed near a brick house on the left of the pike and about 200 yards in front of the enemys rifle- pits. The regiment again advanced with the hue, when the enemy broke and retreated in great confusion. We pursued them some dis- tance to the left of Winchester, when we were ordered to halt and bivouac for the night. Great credit is due to both officers and men of the regiment for the heroic manner in which they discharged their duties during the above Page 203 CEo. LV] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 208 mentioned engagements. Special credit is due to Color Sergt. William 0. (Ireenawalt, of Company A, and Sergt. James Porter, of Company F, for bravery displayed during the actions. Casualties. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Major, 00.4g. 1024 Regiment JAMES H. COLEMAN, Penn& $vania Veteran Volunteers. Capt. GEORGE CLnmEmN, Jr., Ant. AdjI. Gem., First Brig., Second Div., Birth Corp.. HDQRS. 102r. REGIMENT PEnsmnmA Vznw Vow., (lamp near Harrleonlnerg, Va., September N, 1864. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders I have the honor to forward the following report of the part taken by the One hundred and second Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Vohmteers in the operations of Sep. tember 21 and 22,1864: The regiment left bivouac near Winchester, Vt, at 6 a. m. of the 20th, moving by way of the Winchester pike and arriving near Stras. burg, Ta., about 2p. in., when we were ordered to halt and bivouac. About noon on the 21st moved to the right about two miles toward Fishers Hill and formed in line of battle. About Op. in. the brigade was moved to the right and ordered to charge the enemys line near Fishers Hill, the One hundred and second Regiment forming the riqht of the line, the Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers being on our 1eft~suppofled by the Ninety-third Pennsylvania Veteran Vol7-~ unteers. The line was moved forward to within about 150 yards of the enemys position, when it was halted and reformed, one regiment of the Third Division being formed upon the right At about6 oclock the order tocharge was given, when the line advanced in good order, driv- big the enemy from their position (the One hundred and second Regi- ment capturing four prisoners) and forming line of battle upon the position from which the enemy had been driven, where, ii~ compliance with orders, die-pits were thrown up and the regiment bivouacked for the night About & 30p. m. of the 22d the regiment formed in line of battle on th~jht of the First Brigade. The order to advance was given. We through a dense woods and over rough and uneven ground, and took possession of a line of rifle-pits about 200 yards in front of Fishers Hill. The regiment, in line, again moved forward at double-quick, the enemy using musketry and artillery quits freely upon our line. When the line arrived within about thirty yards of their works the enemy broke and ran ii4 great confusion, our line carrying the works hand- soniely. The colors of the One hundred and second Regiment Penn- sylvania Veteran Volunteers being the first planted upon the works, which was done by Color Sergt. William (I. Greenawalt, of Company A. The regiment captured in this charge three 3-inch died guns, one 12- pounder brass gun, four limbers, Ave horses and sets of harness, four caissons and limbers complete, three commissioned officers, and thirty seven enlisted men prisoners, for all of which I have receipts. We pursued the enemy about three miles on the Winchester and Staunton pike, when orders to halt were received. Nominal list (here omitted) shon Turn killed,2 commlasioced officers audfl enlisted men wounded, andd men missing Page 204 204 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Great praise is due both officers and meit of the regiment for bravery displayed durino the operations of the 21st and 224. Lient. William 11. H. ~., pany 1, and Serot IThblev Coi~i Eli Conn, Company H, are (leserving of special notice, as being the first to mount the enemy s works. C a snaities.* I ant, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servaNt, JAMES H. COLEMAN, iliajor, Corn fig. 102d Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Vo bui teers. Capt. GEORGE CLENDENIN, Jr., ig., ASeeond Dir., Sixth Asst. Adjt. Gui First fIr Corps. No. 35. Report 0f iJIaj. Robert Manroc, One hundred and thirty-n~nt7t Pennsyl rania Infantry, of operations Aei)tember 19. HEADQUARTERS 139TH PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS, September 21 1864. SIR: I have the honor to forward the following report of the oper- ations of my regiment on the 19th instant: At 1.30 a. m. of the morning of the 19th instant we broke camp near Clifton, and, after a short delay, started off toward the Winchester pike, my regiment being the advance of the brigade. After reaching the pike the direction of the march was changed toward Winchester. - After having advanced about two miles beyond the Opequon Creek we formed line of battle to the left of the pike, the One hundred and thirty- ninth on the extreme left of the brigade, the left of the regiment resting on the side of a small hill, a ravine between us and the Third Brigade, and a dense growth of small timber in our front. The rebels had two guns but a short distance from our front, with which they annoyed us considerably, but did not do a great deal of damage. having received orders, I advanced a skirmish line through the woods to the field in front. In the charge of Lieutenant Crawford, of Company E, they held the position until the line of battle advanced, when they rejoined the regiment. About noon the whole line advanced. It was very difficult for us to get through the woods on account of its density, but after we were clear of the timber the line was formed in good order and advanced on the double-quick under a very heavy fire of shell and musketry from the enemy. The enemy gave way precipitately before us and fell back to the second woods. Here they endeavored to make a stand, but only for a moment, as I threw some skirmishers into the woods from the left of the regiment, and with the balance advanced on the right of the woods to a road in the ravine, which runs in an oblique direction with our line of battle. Down this road the rebels were flee- ing in the greatest confusion to a field beyond our left dank. Part of the regiment pursued, capturing a good many prisoners, until I ordered them to return, fearing that they would be separated to a great distance from the balance of the line and in turn be captured themselves. Al- though the men were very much exhausted with the heat and flitigue, yet still the line advanced; the rebels retreating, very mmmcli (lisorgan- ized. We continued our charge for a (listance of at least 800 yards, Nominal list (omitted) shows 2 commissioned officers and 14 enlisted men wounded and 1 man missing Page 205 CHAP. LY.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 205 and halted on a by-road running nearly parallel with our line of battle; here we commenced firing on the rebels, who were forming in our front and had already established batteries which commanded our line. Soon we ascertained that the troops on our right had fallen back, and under the direction of Captain Lyon, of General Wheatons staff; we changed the direction of our line more to the right, and made prepara- tions to give the rebels a brisk reception. However, as we now had but few troops on our right and no connection on our left, it was deemed more prudent to fall back, which we did after receiving orders from Captain Lyor~ and Captain Eckman, of the brigade staff, and formed on the left of the Ninety-third Regiment, which, with the other regi- nwnts of the brigade, were in line on a road running parallel with the road which we had just vacated. The regiment remained in line on said road for about two hours or more, apparently waiting for the Nine- teenth Corps to re-establish their lines, which had been somewhat con- fused in the charge. At last the order was given to forward, which the r~giment and brigade did with alacrity and in good order. We had advanced but a short distance when we encountered the fire of the enemy, and several of the regiment were wounded. The regiment was particularly annoyed by a battery of the enemy posted on their left hank and also by the rebel infantry, who were posted in a point of woods on their left. We advanced to the house on the right of the pike, where we halted and commenced flung. After a short time the right of our lines advanced, the enemy retiring, when we again advanced and halted at the toll-gate, where we remained until we were ordered to bivouac. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ROBERT MUNIIIOE, ]Iifajor, Commanding Regiment. Capt. GEORGE CLEND~NIN, Jr., Ass istctn t Adjutant- General. No. 36. Report of. Capt. James McGregor, One hundred and tli irty-ninth ]~enfl sylvania Infantry, of operations September 2122. HEADQUARTERS 139TH PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS, September 2G, 18G4. Sin: In compliance with orders received, I have the honor to forward the following report of operations of my comman(l during the 21st and 22(1 instant: About 1 oclock of the afternoon of the 21st instant Majoi Munroe, commanding the regiment, received orders to move, and, with brigade, moved forward, and was placed in position in the second line of battle. After a time the major was ordered to the right and deployed two com- panies as skirmishers to connect with the cavalry on our right, while the remainder of the regiment was held in reserve. While in this posi- tion the major received orders to charge on a house in front and drive away the sharpshooters from it, which was done. The major (liscov- ere(I a crest a short distance in front, which appeared to be a more favorable position, and ordered the men forward. halted at this point and became engaged with the enemy. Major ilViunroc was ordered to charge on the enemys lines, which the regiment did. The enemy wa Page 206 206 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. in force, and the regiment under a heavy fire, and not supported or either flank protected fell back. During the five minutes this move- ment was being made the right companies which were engaged lost twenty officers and men, the regiment at one time being in great con- fusion. Major Munroc at this time was wounded and went to the rear, when the command devolved on myselt I rallied the men, and under orders from a staff officer moved to a crest on the right of our original position, where I remained until night came on and the Third Division came and occupied the line. I then rejoined the brigade and threw up a line of works. On the 22d instant I received orders to move forward, and the regiment was deployed as skirmishers and advanced to within a short musket-range of the enemys line, where we remained until our right advanced, driving the enemy, and I changed direction to the left. As the line advanced I received orders to charge, which was done, and we entered the enemys pits and captured some prisoners, and pushed on the skirmish line until the confusion of the various troops coming together I halted and rejoined the brigade. During the advance of the skirmish line the acting adj atant and four of the men were wounded. A report of the casualties has been furnished. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES McGREGOR, Captain, Commanding Regiment. Captain CLENDENIN, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- ~iJenera 1. No. 37. Report oJ Lient. Col. John ~i. Parr, One handred and thirty-ninth Penn syirania Infantry, of operations October 19. HEADQLTARTERS 139TH PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS, October 20, 1864. SIR: In compliance with orders, I have the honor to forward the following report of the operations of my command during the battles of the 19th instant: About 6 a. m. I received orders to pack up and move, which was done, the regiment moving left in front. After niarching about half a mile was halted, and formed line of battle, the Sixty-second New York on my left, and connecting with the First Division, Sixth Corps, on the right advanced and crossed a creek, but was almost imme- diately ordered to recross the stream and change direction to the right. While I was engaged in doing this remainder of the brigade moved back, and I retired to the point where tIme line was originally formed. Battery C, First Rhode Island, was at this point. At the request of its commanding officer I formed line to cover the withdrawal of the guns, but time officer unlimbered and began firing. The enemy con- tinued advancing, and he was compelled to retire. 1 remained, engag- ing the enemy, until he came up on my left and rear and opened fire upon us, completely flanking us. I then ordered the regiment to fall back, contesting the ground gallantly until the troops on our right moved back, when I retired by the flank until I reached a line formed by First Division, Sixth Army Corps, where I halted and reported to General Wheaton. He told me to remain with his command until the whereabouts of the brigade could be ascertained. About 1 p. m. 1 Page 207 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 207 rejoined the brigade, and was placed in line on the left of the Sixty second New York, and advanced, at 3 p. in., about half a mile, where a halt was made, and opened fire on the enemy. On discovering the lines on my right and left retiring, I ordered a withdrawal, but again advanced with the line until we reached a point which the enemy had been driven from. Here the line halted, and a brisk fire was opened on the enemy. We remained at this poiiit a half hour,~ngaging the enemy, and then advanced, the enemy falling back in great disorder. The pursuit was continued until the works of the Nineteenth Corps were reached, where we halted. My regimental colors were the first ones to reach the works. Of the officers and men I cannot say too much, all doing their ditty nobly. At one time in the morning the command was in great danger of being captured, but by stnbbornly contesting the ground we escaped. 1 arrive(l at my former camp at about 6.30 p. m. and bivouacked. The list of casualties are forwarded.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOhN (~. PARR. Lieutenant- Co loud, Commanding Regiment. Capt. (+EoIZ GE CLENDENIN, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 38. Report ~/ Col. James 11. Warner, First Vermont Heary Artillery, com- manding Second Brigade, of operations September 1920. TJDQRS. SECOND 13R10-AI3E, SECOND DIVISION, SIXTH CORPS, September 21, 1864. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the mu- itary operations of this brigade on the 19th and 20th instant, inclu- sive: The brigade broke camp about 2 a. in. of the 19th, crossing the Ope- quon. on the Eerryville and Winchester pike, about 6 a. mu., and went into positiomi under heavy shelling, the left conimecting with Wheatons brigade and the right with the Third Division. The brigade was formned in one line in rear of a dense thicket, time right extending to the Berryville a mid Winchester road. I iniinediately ordered the Sixth Regiment, Capt. M. W. Davis commanding, to be deployed to the front, amid it soon engaged the enemys skirmishers. While awaiting. the arrival of other troops a few casualties occurred from random shells. Abont 12 in. a general advance was ordered, the brigade to conforum to the movements of the regiment on the right of the pike. The troops moved out in splendid style; halted an instant after emerg- ing from the woods in order to rectify the alignment before charging over the crest beyond. In front was a loimg stretch of cleared, undu- lating country, the enemy holding position to command the ~oroes through which we must advance. The line advanced at a double-quick over the crest, in face of a galling musketry fire, driving the enemy back in great confusion. In their eagermiess to thllow up the first success the line was somewhat broken, a poition filing into a ravine which was completely enfiladed by the enemys fire. Here time loss was for a few moments very heavy, principally in the Fifth and Eleventh Embodied iii table, p. mm3 Page 208 208 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Regiments. About 1 p. in., in consequence of the giving way of the troops on the right, the brigade, which had become considerably scat- tered by the fire from the battery and rifle-pits in front, was compelled to fall back to a position about half a mile in advance of the one from which the hue originally started. Meantime the Sixth Regiment ad- vanced to the front line, where they remained throughout the day doing excellent seryice. Abont 3 p. m. the entire line again advanced, the First Brigade being the directing one. This movement was brilliant in the extreme. The brigade (lid not waver for an instant, but ad- vanced steadily until they reached a large brick house, about a mile from the town. Here we encountered the hottest fire of the day, being exposed to a withering musketry fire in front and to the fire from a battery which nearly enfiladed the line. A little beyond this point the success of the right was announced and received with cheers. The brigade advanced to the town without opposition, and encamped about dusk on Abrahams Creek. On the following day the army marched to Strasburg and encamped about a mile north of the town. Were I to mention all the officers who distinguished themselves on this occasion I should accompany this report with a roster of the coin- missioned officers of the brigade. I cannot omit to mention, how ever, the conunanding officers of regiments, Maj. E. E. Johnson, Second Ver- mont; iVIaj. A. F. Walker, Eleventh Vermont; Maj. H. W. Floyd, com- manding Third and Fourth; Capt. A. Brown, jr., Fifth, and Capt. M. W. Davis, Sixth Regiment, all of whom did their duty nobly. Lieutenant- Colonel Tracy, Second Vermont, who superintended a portion of the line, is entitled to great credit for being on the field on this occasion, as he was suffering from a severe disability. I have already called the attention of the general commanding to the distino-nished gallantry of Capt. A. H. Newt and Lient. H. C. Baxter, who were serving upon my staff. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. M. WARNER, Colonel Eleventh Vermont Volunteers, Commanding. Maj. CHARLES MUNDEE, Assistaat Adjutant- General, Second Division, Sixth Corps. No. 39. Report of Cot. George P. Foste)-, Fonrth Vermont Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations September 2122. HDQRS. SECOND BRIGADE, SEC ONI) DIvISION, StXTH CORPS, September 26, 1864. SIR: I have the honor to make the following report of the operations of this brigade on the 21st and 22d of September, 1864: On the afternoon of the 21st the brigade was ordered to take position on the right of the First Division, Sixth Corps, in two lines. The bri- gade was formed, with the left resting on the railroad, west and nearly opposite Strasburg. While remaining in this position the first line threw up a hasty breast-work of rails. The loss while occupying this position was one enlisted man, C orpl. Thomas J. Miller, Company K, Third Vernmont Volunteers. He was brigade color bearer and Was killed while faithfully performing his duty. Late in the afternoomi time brigade was ordered to the right of the Third and First Brigades t Page 209 CHAP. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 209 drive the enemy from a crest While moving to the right I received. notice that the First Brigade, Colonel Warner commanding, had car- ried the crest; then the brigade was ordered to form on the right of the First Brigade, forming an oblique angle. During the night the brigade threw up a strong line of breast-works and remained there until the next afternoon, when it was ordered to move forward in couijunction with the First and Third Brigades. The line was halted on the crest near the enemys fortifications. Here the First and Third Brigades and a portion of this brigade became heavily engaged. From this position the brigade was ordered forward with instructions that it would be the guiding brigade. Having crossed the stream and gained the crest on the opposite side, the brigade was halted until th~ other brigades could form a junction on the left. During the halt the bri~ade kept up a heavy cross-fire on the enemys battery in front of the birst Bngade. The brigade moved from this position. with tine First and Third Brigades, carrying the enemys works and capturing many pris- oners. I am, very respectibily, your obedient servant, GEO. P. FOSTERS Ma~j. CHArnas MnDEE, Colonel, Commanding Bngaule. Assistant A4jntant-Gemseral, Second i)iristion, NLrtk Corps. No. 40. Report of Brig. (ha. Lewis A. Grant, ii. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade, of operations October 19. HDQRs. 2n BRIG. (VERMONT BRIG.), 2D DIV., 6TH CoRps, October *5, 1861. Sn: I have the honortomake the following report of the engage- ment of the 19th instant: This brigade moved from its camp by the left flank and formed on the creek near Middletown, facing the pike. General Bidwells bri- gade was pn the left and Colonel Warners on the right Before getting into position I threw forward Major Walkers battalion, of the Eleventh Vermont and the Fifth and Sixth Vermont Regiments, all under com- mand of Lia1jor Johnso2, of the Second Vermont, who deployed them as skirmishers and drove the rebel skirmishers from the skirt of the ~ between the creek and the pike. The brigade then advanced in common with the rest of the division, throwing forward the left near Iliddletown. Here it was found that the enemy were pressing forward to the right, threatening our rear, and the command fell back toacrest a short distance in the rear, which crest commanded the ravine and some parts of the town. The enemy advanced in heavy force, drove in our skirmishers, and attacked the line of baffle, and were repulsed. As the enemy fell back I threw forward skirmishers to follow closely. At this point of time I was informed by General Getty that he had assumed command of the corps, and that I was in command of the division whereupon I turned over the command of the brigade to Lient. CioL Tracy, Second Vermont Volunteers, Colonel Foster being then absent on duty as general officer of the day for the corps. The enemy soon rallied again, drove in the skirmishers, and made a vigor- on attack upon the line, and were repulsed with great slaughter. The S RYOL XLIII~ PT Page 210 210 OPERATIONS IN N. YA.~ W. VA., MD., AND PA. (Ow. Lt attack fell the heaviest upha the right of Bidwells and the left of the Vermont Brigade, but all parts of the line were under heavy fire. The enemy then brought up additional batteries and opened a heavy can nonade and at the same time pressed our lines with infantry as closely as possible. About this time I was informed that there were no troops on the right and that the enemy occupied the woods on the right, and I received orders to fall back unless I saw good reasons for holding the crest longer. Before having time to give the order the enemy came rushing through the woods on the right, pouring a fire into the flank and rear of Warners brigade, which necessarily fell back, and the order was immediately given to the other brigades. After having fallen. back about half a mile the division was halted and reformed, and when it was found that no troops oonected on our right the divis- ion fell back a short distance farther, leaving a stronq skirmish line to hold the position then occupied. In falling back this time the corn- and obliqued toward the jilke, so that when the last position was the left of the ThirdBrigade rested on the pike and the left of the Vermont Brigade on the little creek. General Getty having resumed the command of the divisfon, I returned to the command of the brigade again. At this time the Second and Third Vermont Regiments hel kirmish line in front. Aft& holding this position for some time subject to an artillery fire the enemy moved forward to an attack. The attack fell heavily on troops to our right, and I was ordered out of the he on the left with my command to support the right, where the severest attack had been, and where it was supposed the main attack would be. After remain- ing in position on the right, in support of the right of the Sixth and the left of Ilineteenth Corps a short time, I moved back toward the left, and, agreeably to orders, took position in reserve, and very soon after resumed my former position in the he. An attack being ordered, the brigade moved forward under a very heavy fire, guiding on the Third Brigade, and taking position behind a stone wail, engaged the enemy with great vigor, and held this advanced position for a consider- able time alone after the troops on the right and left had retired; and when the he on the right again advanced the brigade advanced upon the enemy and drove him from a strong position near the mill and from behind stone walls. The enemy fell back a short distance and took another position behind another stone wall and was soon driven from that The brigade rushed forward at a double-quick and the enemy wasentirelyrouted. After leaving the mill th~was no halting untilthe enemy was driven across Cedar Creek and the cavalry had taken up the pursuit. The distance which the enemy was driven was about three miles, and after the rout commenced the battle was with the swift alone. The men rushed forward in putinit of the enemy, and, in their haste, lost nearly all organization; but all seemed intent on pur- suing and overtaking the enem. Upon arriving near Cedar Creek the cavalry overtook and passed us, and a battery came forward and engaged the enemy. The brigade halted and reorganized near the bridge over Cedar Creek, and somewhat in advance of any other infan- try force, and then returned to the camp occupied the night before. The loss of the brigade was, 38 killed, 210 wonded, and 41 miss- ing; aggregate, 284. I herewith inclose nominal list of casualties. Among the killed I regret to name Lient 0. B. Lee, Eleventh Ver- mont, a promising and gallantofficer. Of those who received honorable wounds were Capt George H. Amidon and Lient Henry C. Baxter, of the brigade staff; also, Liout. CoL A. S. Tracy, Second Vermont Vo Page 211 Cm& p. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 211 nuteers; Capts. W. II. Hubbard, Third Vermont, J. P. Aikens, Fourth Vermont, Thomas Kavaney, Fifth Vermont, Edwin R. Kinney and Thomas B. Kennedy, Sixth Vermont Volunteers, and Edward P. Lee, Eleventh Vermont; Lieuts. A. W. Ferry, Second \ ermont, A. NV. Lyon, Third Vermont, and 0-. 0. French, Eleventh Vermont. I desire to commen(I in general terms for their good conduct the regi- mental commanders and their respective cojuniands, and to specially mention i\Taj. H. NV. Floyd, Third Vermont Volunteers, commanding regiment, and my two aides-dc-camp, Lient. George H, Sessions, Fifth Vermont Volunteers, and Lient. Henry C. Baxter, Eleventh Vermont Volunteers, for their truly conspicuous and gallant conduct. I desire also to make honorable mention of Ce]. J. M. Warner, Lent. Col. A. S. Tracy, and Lieutenant-Colonel French, brigade commanders, for their nol)le conduct while I was in conunand of the division. General I3idwell was shot from his horse while in the noble discharge of his duties while I was in command of the division. He had twice gallantly repulsed the enemy from his front and foil ahuost in the ranks of his command. It has been my fortune to serve in the same division with General Bidweli for more than three years. As regimental com- manders and also as brigade commanders we have often performed the duties of the camp and the march and fought side by side, and it is but just to say that on every occasion he bore himself with gentle- manly deportment and with marked coolness and intrepidity. I remain, major, very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, L. A. GIRANT, Brigadier- General of Volunteers. Maj. CHARLES MUNDEE. Assistant A fijittant- General. ~O. 41. Report of Col. James 11. Warner, First Vermont heavy Artillery, of operations Augit st 21. HDQRS. Finsv ARTILLERY (ELEVENTH VERMONT VOLS.), Anga st 27, 1864. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following rcport of an engagement in which this regiment participated on the 21st instant: About 9 a. in., the picket on our front and flank having been driven in, the Second Division of the corps was promptly thrown out, and in a few minutes had driven the enemy a mile an(1 completely re-established the line. Almost the entire regiment was on the skirmish line throngh- out the day, and were subjected to a hot fire fromn 9 a. m. until dark. I regret to announce the loss of Lient. Col. 0-. B. Chamberlin, who was mortally wounded early in the day while gallantly leading his battalion. Colonel Chamberlin received a musket-ball through the abdomen, and survived but a few hours. I have already furnished a complete list of casualties, but omitted to mention the loss of a color sergeant to each battaliomi. I am ,gemm eral, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. M. WARNEH, Cob ad Eleventh I ~ermont Volunteers, (Jommnanding. PETER T. WASHBURN, Adjutant and Inspector General, AS~tate of Vermont Page 212 ECHAP. LV. 212 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. No. 42. Report of Brig. Gen. Daniel D. BidweU, b. S. Arnt~~, COflU)Wfldiflfl Third Brigade~ of operatious & ptember 19i22. IIDQIIS. THIRD I3RIGADE, SECOND i)i~iSioN, SiXTH Coups, September 2~, iSGI. SIR: In obedience to orders from division headquarters, I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps, in the battle at the Opequon Creek on the 19th instant: We broke camp at 2 a. m. on the morning of the 19th and moved to the l3erryville and Winchester pike, where we had the advance of the infantry colunin of the army. Crossing the Opequon River, an(I hav- ing proceeded about one mile and a half toward Winchester, we Caine up to the cavalry line, engaging the enemy, and were ordered to take position on the left of a deep ravine and also form the extreme left of the general line. This position was taken up by the regiments in this brigade iii the following order: The One hundred and twenty- second New York Volunteers were moved into a rail breast-work the cavalry had thrown up,~ and the Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers were placed fifty paces in rear, in support; the Forty-third ~ ew York Volunteers were placed on the left, in rear of the One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers, in echelon, the Forty-ninth New York Volunteers on their left, with their left refused, and the Seventh Maine on the left of the Forty-ninth New York Volunteers, with its left still more refused and resting oii Abrahams Creek, and the Sixty- first Pennsylvania Vohumiteers in reserve, in rear of the last three men- tioned regiments. While making the dispositions the enemy opened on the brigade with a battery, which did us considerable injury. As soon as tIme brigade was in position a skirmish line was thrown ont crossing Abrahams Creek and connecting with a di s~nounted cavalry skirmish line. About noon I was ordered to have mv skirmish line advance, connecting and guiding with the line of time First Brigade of this divis- ion, which was on our right. This was done an(I our line advanced about 300 yards. Shortly afterward the lines of battle were all ordered to advance, we guiding to the right. In executing this muovement the regiments on the heft of the One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers were mnove(I so much more rapidly as to be able to conform to the direction of the gemmeral line when we had reached time most advanced l)oint gained in this charge. The enenmy makimmg a charge on the skirmish line on the left of the creek, which charge also threatened our left, I had the Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers moved to pro- tect that flank, and some of the regimnents of the brigade on our right having been thrown into confusion by advaucimig too rapidly and tIme enemy charging them, ii had the Seventy-seveimth New York Volunteers deployed on the right of my line, an(h at the sanme Pine ordered Battery M, Fifth U. S. Artillery, to take position On my right, which, opening fire checked the advance of the emmemny. ln this position we remained about two hours, when we were again ordered to advamice. The enemy had been pressed back on the right of our general line and retreated across our front to our left. As before, I was ordered to ~uide and con- nect with the First Brigade of tlmis division, wlmich in advancing kept obliquing to the right, an(h as the enemy were acenmunlatino in large numbers in a piece of woods on our left, I had to throw the Forty-third New York Volunteers in the skirmish line, whmo extended their inter Page 213 Ow. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OAMPAIQK 218 vals as we advanced toward Winchester. In all this maneuvering the battery before spoken of followed us up and went into position and opened tire as each successive crest was gained. After having Dearly reached Winchester the enemy all disappeared in our proper front, and the whole brigade line was formed facing to what had been our flank, perpendicular to the Strasburg and Winchester pike, and a division of the Nineteenth Corps came up and prolonged our line to the left. We were then again advanced about half a uidle, bet the enemy being in fall retreat, and it growing dark, we were halted and bivouacked for the night This was the close of the action before Winchester. Herewith I send a nominal list of casualties in this engagement On the 20th instant ire pursued the enemy and caine upon them in thefr intrenchments at Fishers Hill, near Strasburg, when two regi- ments of this brigade, the Forty-ninth and Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers, were thrown forward as skfrmishers and pickets, with their left resting on the Strasburg and Winchester pike, and the remainder of the brigade went into camp for the night. About 2 p. m. the next (lay the skirmish line was moved forward and prolonged to the right, and this brigade moved about one mile west of the Strasburg and Winchester pike, taking position on the right of the Second Brigade and on the left of the FirstBrigade, and at the same time deployed the One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers as skirmishers iii our front, who, attempting to advance, fond such a heavy line of the enemy in the front as to effectually resist their advancement Shortly afterward a regiment of the Third Division charged through them, attempting to dislodge the enemy, but were repulsed, and they fell back throu h our lines. Just at dark the First Brigade of this division charged the enemy at this point and drove them from their position, when we took position in the woods on their left in two lines, which we intrenched during the night The One hundred and twenty- second New York were withdrawn and two companies of the Seventh Maine were advanced as skirmishers. In this position we remained until about 4 p. m. of the 22d instant, when we were ordered to advance and take possession of a crest immediately in front of the enemts position, guiding on the First Division, on our left. We moved forward to the crest designated and halted. In executing this maneu- ver we were exposed to a heavy artillery fire, and the brigade on our right, being still more exposed than we, halted in an old rifle-pit about 100 yards in rear of our front line. In this position we remained from twenty minutes to half an hour, .when reports having come that the left of the enemy had been turned, and they showing uneasiness on our right, we were ordered to charge their works in our front, which had been considered by them to be imp ble. At the command for- ward, the brigade started considerably in advance of the First Divis- ion aud the remainder of this division, and succeeded in planting simultaneously the colors of the One hundred and twenty-second and Forty-third New York Volunteers in an earth-work of the enemy, con- taining four guns, which were captured, together with about 150 prisoners. Some men of the Forty-third New York Volunteers and Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers turned and fired two of the guns on the retreating enemy2 who fled in wild confusion, when the whole brigade started in pursuit Arrivin; near the Winchester pike they found the enemy had one piece of artillery with a slight support, which they were about to open on us, when the Forty-third N ork Volun Embodied in table, P. 113 Page 214 214 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. teers charged and captured it, shooting the horse of the nn\jor of the First Louisiana, in command of it, capturing him, together with the colonel of the Twenty-sixth Georgia, who was at the time in command of the Georgia brigade. The brigade then followed the enemy up the pike until halted, where they remained until joined by the Forty-ninth an(l Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers, who had during this time been skirmishing in front of the Nineteenth Corps. here we remained until the ])nrsnit of the enemy was taken up by the whole army. Annexed you will find a numerical list* of casualties on this occasion. I would call attention to the following officers, whose conduct during these engagements was particularly meritorious: Lieut. Col. MT. B. French, Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers, for the able manner lie handled the skirmish line before Fishers lull, the 20th and 22d instant. Maj. C. A. Milliken, Forty-third New York Volunteers, for leading his re~imnent in the charge at Fishers Hill, assisting in capturing five pieces of artillery. Second Lient. and Actg. Adjt. M miham J. Kaiser, Forty-ninth New York Volunteers, for bravery during the engagement at Winchester, in which he was wounded. Lient. H. H. Moses, One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers, for leading his regi- inent in the charge at Fishers Hill. Capt. Alexander B. Sumner, Sev- enth Maine, for ability shown in handling the skirmish line before Mnmchester; and I am particularly iudebte~l to Maj. William H. Long, assistant adjutant-general; Capt.. George H. Selkirk, acting assistant inspector-general; Capt. George S. Orr, acting aide-(le camp, and Lieut. L. C. Small, aide-de-camp, for the assistance and services rendered on 1)0th these occasions, and every officer and man in the command did his duty. I am, major, very respectfully~ your obedient servant, DANE. I). BII)WELL, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. CHNELE8 MYxDEE, 1) A~5 i.~t~ kit Lt(ljllt(~ ut- Ceo.a 1, & C~0fld No. 43. Report of (Aol. Thomas W. Hyde, First Maine Veteran Infantry, corn manduig Third I3rgade~ ~t operations October 19 IIDQRS. THIRD BRJFADE, SECOND 1)JvisIoN, SixTh CORPS, October 28, 18G-i. Sin: In obedience to orders from division headquarters, I have the honor to submit the following report of this brigade dnrin~- the action of the 19th instant, together with the reports of regimental commuamiders: Just before daybreak omi the 19th instant, hearing- firing on the picket- line on the right, and shortly afterward hearing it on the left, reveille was soumided, and the brigade held under arms. About 6.30 oclock orders came from division headquarters to fall in amid niove out by the left flank at once, and in a few minutes or(iers came to move out at double-quick an4 take position on the left of the Second Brigade of this division, in two lines, l)ainallel to the pike. This positiomi was taken up by tIme regiments of this brigade, the first consisting, from right to left, of the Sixty-first Penns~rlvania Volunteers, Forty-ninth New York, Ernboclie4 iii table, p. 121 Page 215 Cusw. LI.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 215 Eret Maine Teheran Vointeers; the second, of the Seventy-seventh Sew York Vohuteers One hundred and twenty-second New York Vol- unteers, Forty-third i~Tew York Volunteers. We were immediately ordered to more forward, and at the same time to hold the right, so that the left should swing forward and extend across the pike. We had moved but a short distance when we were halted and ordered to move buck and take position on the crest of the hill just left. This we did, niad seeing the enemy moving to our left the regiments were so moved that when they had reached the crest they were formed on the left of the Second Brigade, in one line, in the following order, from right to left: Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, Seven -seventh New York, Forty-ninth Sew York Volunteers, First MaineVeteran Volunteers, One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers. The Forty- third New York was thrown slightly to the rear, in reserve, on the left. Our line, conforming to the crest of the hill, formed an arc of a circle. Two companies of the First Maine were thrown forward and to the left as skirmishers, and the enemy pressing them strongly and moving past their left (the skirmish line previously thrown out from the Vermont Brigade having retired) they were re-enforced by two companies of the Forty-third New York Volunteers2 and the line extended to the left, connectiig with a cavalry skirmish line. The three left regiments, as soon as formed on the hill, threw up a slight breast-work of rails, and the three right regiments sent forward vedettes. During all this time the fog had been very dense, and the smokefrom the guns of our skirmishers, who werewarmly engaged with the foe, ren- dered the atmosphere still more dense, so thatit was almostimpossible to see through it a short distance, when suddenly the enemy appeared in two lines, within thirty yards of our line of baitle. The density of the fog had allowed them to rush over our vedettes without their being able to warn the line, and Under cover of the ste7epness of the hill they ap- proached thus near unobserved. Instantly upon seeing the lines, ours was ordered to flre,which they did, and whichwas returned almost simul- taneouslyby the enemy. Seeing the lines waver a charge was ordered, which was executed in flue s4rle, driving the enemy off the hill, they leaving a number of prisoners moat hands, together with some of their killed and wounded. It was while leading in this charge that the com- nauding officers of the One hundred and twenty-second New York Vol- unteers and Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, M4 J. II. Brewer and Capt. D. 3. Taylor, were killed, both brave ad faithful soldiers. We followed them about 100 yards, when the regiments were ordered back and directed to reform on the crest of the hill in the position just vacated. Mounted officers (who were afterward said by prisoners to be General Early and stan; and two of whose horses we succeeded in killing) were seen through the mist reforming and urging their men to a second assault, and we had scarcely reformed on the hill when the enemy appeared again on the crest within thirty yards of our lines, and, as before, we poured a heavy volley into them, charging, when theyfled in the wildest confusion. We returned to the hill again,.and theenemy opened a very heavy artillery fire upon us. We remained in this -. tion a few moments, when orders came to retire, and General Bi w went to the right of his line to superintend the movement, when hews mortally wounded bya shell, and a second afterward Ca (3.5. On, or his staft lost ann. Lieut CoL W. B. French assumed command, and the lines were retired without the slightest confusion or disorder about 300 yards, obliquing toward the Winchester p ike. We then took posi- tion in one line on a read running perpendicular to the Wincheste Page 216 216 OPERATIONS IN N. VA.~ W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ow. LY. threw up a breast-work of rails, and replenished our ammunition. wing this retrograde movement the enemy did not press us, they having received too hot a blast already. Our skirmish line, under corn- mand of Captain Sumner, First Maine Volunteers, was wheeled so as to be perpendicular to the Winchester pike, the left resting near it and the right connecting with the skirmish line of the Second ~ and )laced wider cover of a stone wall. I Themainlinewas again orderedtoretire Mid obliquetotherithtso asto gain pond toward the Winchester pike. General L. A. Grant ordered a position to be taken on a crest of a kill about one mile and a half in rear of Middletown, but this order was countermanded by Gen- eral Getty, and the brigade placed in single line about one mile from Middletown on the right of the Winchester pike and extending across and perpendicular to it, connecting with the Second Brigade on ourright and on our left with the cavalry. We then threw up a shglit breast- work of rails Mid remained in this position until 1 p. in., when the Second Brigade was withdrawn, and their position taken up by the Forty-ninth New York, Forty-third New York Volunteers, and a bat- talion of heavy artillery belongi~ig to a provisional brigade, which had wandered to the front and was ordered by Lieutenant-Colonel French intothe position. The Sixty-lirstPennsylvania Volunteers werethrown forwardasskirmishers,restmgtheirleftofl thopike and theirrightonthe skirmishers of the First Maine. About 3.30 p. in. tie Second Brigade resumed their former position, and the Forty-third New York and Forty-ninth New York theirs, Mid the heavy artillery battalion went to join their command to the rear. About 4p. in. we were ordered to advance the line being then formed from right to left, in the following order: ~eventy-seventh~ Forty-ninth2 One hundred and twenty-second, Forty-third Xew York Volux~teers, First Maine VeteranVolunteers. In advancing we were ordered to guide left on the Winchester pike, but to move very slowly, so as to allow the brigades on the right to gain ground in advancing, that the whole division might execute a changeof direction to the left. This brigade was ordered to commence the move- ment, which was done, but the brigade onourright did not gain pound as fast a~ was expected, and we had advanced about 250 yards, when the enemy opened on us with canister from a battery behind the mill, and an infantry fire from a line posted behind a stone wall in our front and right, and whose fire upon the troops on our right was masked by houses and the nature of the pound; also a battery on the left opened directly upon that flank. This enfilading artillery fire on both flanks and heavy musketry caused the brigade to waver, and as there was no protection or cover in front we were ordered to fall back, it beinq intended to retire a short distance until the troops on our right should advance and divide the enemys fire, but the nature of the pound affordedno coveruntitheposition occupied duringthe day wasreached, where the troops were speedily reformed and advanced at a double- quick, andtook possesbionnearMiddletownof a stone wall, from behind which we engaged the enemy for a short time, when another charge of the whole line na ordered. We advanced at a double-quick, and when near Middletown the battery which had played into our left was seen in position, and the left of the regimente supporting it not over fifty ds distant from the pike. About twenty men of the Forty-third New York Volunteers and First Maine Veteran Volunteers opened fire on their flank and charged; the battery limbered upand rptired at a run, accompanied by the supports. Our men passed through thetown, formed themselves again, opened fire on the flank of the same battery Page 217 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 217 and it was; limbered up and ran again to the rear, with its supports, without returning a shot. Pursuit was kept up until we reached the works; on the Wiiiclies;ter pike near Cedar Creek, and fire was opened on the confused mass of men and vehicles; crossing that stream, and kept up until they were charged upon [byl the cavalry, when the brigade moved back and went into camp on the ground occupied the loeviouls day. The voice of all present bears witness; to the skill with which Lient. (ol. W. B. French, Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers, handled the brigade after the lamented iBidwell fell, and to the gallantry of Ma~jor Long, assistant adjutant-general, ~vli o l)y his coolness aiid good jndg- ninemmt contributed no ulninll)ortaut i)art to the s;nccess of our arms. Good service was; rendered by Capt. George i-i. Selkirk, actin~~ assist- ant inspector-general, by Capt. George S. Our, acting aide-dc-camp, until seriously wounded, an(l l)y Lieut. Leinnel C. Small, ai(le-(le-eamp. The behavior of the officers and mcmi was everythimio that is coun- mendable. When so many deserve a mention, to name a few wonid but excite invidious comparison. Jiem-ewith appended is a nominal list of casualties.* Ceneral D. D. Bidwehl, attached to the brigade from its first organi- zatiami as--colonel Forty-miimitii New York Volunteers, and endeared to all by his many soldierly virtues, kindness of heart, amid sterling l)atriotismn, has at last MIen iuu the first line of battle. I amn, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, THOMAS W. hYDE, Co lOll ci, Comm (U? ding Br~yade. Mi. CIIAImLES MUN7DEE, ~-1ssi~t~nt Adjutant-G(neral, Second 1)irision. No. 4-I. Report of Jhfaj. Stephen C. Fletcher, Serenth ]Vfaine Iwfan try, of oper at,ons September 22. HEADQUARTEII s SEVENTIL MAINE VOLUNTEERS, October 1, 18G-i. SIn.: I have the honor to state thuat whemi the limies were formed for the final charge on Fislmers hill, September 22, the right of my regi- ment connected with the left of the First Brigade. I received orders to charge a~md gave time orders to the reginuent, before ammy part of the First Brigade commenced moving. As the mnovememit was made we weu-e compelled to oblique to the right so mnmuchi that the whole of my m-egimumemmt was in fromut of the line occul~ied by the First Brigade. After crossing the canal at the stomie houuse, an(l con imencimmg to ascemid the lull, shots fromim the First Brigade, charging imi our rear, compelled mus to halt muntil they caine tlurough time orchard, so as to see that time shorten- ilug of the hue had l)laced us in their flout. As soomi a5 it was ma(le kmuowiu to them we agaimm moved forward, chargimug upon time rebel works. When we reached them the gmummners had not all left the guns, an (1 several prisoners were token before crossing the railroad. No force entered the wouks on our front before ~ rk\T() guimis sf0011 near the l)lace w-here the right of the reg1mnent crosse~l the works;, amid at the left F111.H lied i]u f~1)I(O P 132 Page 218 ~18 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Ml)., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. I saw the colors of the other regiments of our brigade in the works while the First was still charging lip the lull. From the position of the line, my regiment had less distance by nearly the lenoth of its front to pass over in charging than the troops on the right. I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, STEPHEN C. FLETCHEE, ]iili{jor, Corn in (kn(linq Re qim en t. Maj. X\ILLIAM H. LONG, Ass i5t(1 at Adjutant- General. No. 45. Report (~t 119j. Charles A. Miiiikca, Forty-third New York inihu try, of opera t ions Septern ber & 2. HDQR5. FORTY-THIRD BATTALION NEW YORK VOLS., October 1, 18(14. SIR: Learning that the First Brigade of the (hivision claims to have captured the battery at Fishers full on the 22d of September, 1864, I have the honor to forward the following report of the l)alt taken by the Forty-third Battalion New York Volunteers and other regiments belonoino to the Third Brigade: The Forty-third Battalion New York Volnnteers was in the second line of battle, and directly in front of the battery captured, the One hundred and twenty-second New York \olllnteers on the right, and the First I)ivision on the left, the left of the First Brigade resting about 150 yards in rear of the right of the One hundred and twenty-second New York \olunteers. When the line advanced the Forty-third Battalion an(l One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers move(l at double quick, Inixiuug with the first line of battle, composed of the Sixty- first Pennsylvania Volunteers an(l Seventh Maine Volmuteers, the Forty- third Battalion placing the first colors npon the enemys works, and, in conjnnction with the Seventh Maine, Sixty-first Pennsylvania, and One hnndred anti twenty-SeCOn(l New York, captured the battery claimed by the First Brigade. As soon as possible John Singleton, C. Fitz- gerald, and Dennis (3-an cy, of the Forty-third Battalion, turned and fired one of the guns upon the flying enemy, who were retreating towar(1 the Winchester and Staunton pike. The First Brigade did not advance until the Third Brigade was within fifty yar(15 of the battery, and were some 200 yards in rear and to the right of the Third Bxigade at the time the gnns were captured. Thinking that quite a nmnber of pris- oners could be captured if the enemy were pursued, I ordered forward the Forty-third Battalion without detailing men to guard the captnre(l guns, and when some 500 yards from the guns the battalion was fired upon by men belonging to the First Brigade who had just entered the works. One gun was also captured after crossing the pike by men belonging to the Third Brigade, and half a uiile from the first guns captured. From the position occupied bythe First Brigade in the line of battle at the time the advance commenced, it was impossible for them to capture any artillery unless they obhiqued to the right and rear of the Third Brigade and passed thron_~h them, which they (lid not tlo. I have the honor to be, respectfully, your obedient servant, CHARLES A. MILLIKEN, ilajor, Commanding Forty-third Batta lion New York Volunteers. Maj. WILLIAM II. LONG, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 219 CHAP. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 219 No. 46. Reports of Lient. Col. Winsor B. French, Seventy-seventh New York In fantry, of operations September 19 and October 19. IIDQRs. SEVENTY-SEVENTH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, October 4, iSGI. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part this regiment took in the engagement of the 19th nitimo near Winchester, Va.: In marching to take position my regiment was second in the column and followed the One hundred and twenty-second New York. Soon after sunrise we were formed in line and advanced through a corn-field and took position in an old road on the crest of a hill and at the left of the One hundred and twenty-second New York, somewhat protected from the enemys fire, which was quite severe, by tem~)orary breast- works taken from the enemy by Wilsons cavalry, which we relieved. I at once detached twenty good shots to go a little in advance, with orders to fire upon two of the enemys pieces of artillery, and which were very annoying to ns, and also to act as sharpshooters to keep down those of the enemy who were constantly picking off my officers and men, [and they,] together with the occasional firing of the One hundred and twenty-second New York, in a measure kept the two pieces silent. There were two other pieces of the enemys artillery in a ravine run- iiin~- between the First and Third Brioades an(l so far in front as to ~ be out of rifle reach, which gave us much trouble. Having remained in this- position for some hours, I was ordered to throw out skirmishers, connecting with the First Brigade on the right, which rested in a (leep ravine before mentioned, and extending left to the road in which we were lying. Four companies were deployed, under the charge of Major Babcock, and the six remaining companies moved so as to give them support. We were ordered to advance, keeping connection with the First Brigade, and to move at the same time with them. When the order to advance was given the skirmishers moved forward promptly and in good style, closely followed by the six companies, in line. The enemys fire of artillery and musketry was very severe, their infantry holding a strong position on the crest of a hill and behind a fence directly in front, but they soon broke and ran, I caving the open field clear for 500 yards to a piece of woods, to which we quickly advanced, keeping good connection with the First Brigade, but losing it entirely with the One hundred and twenty-second New York. In advancing the First Brigade moved forward, changing direction to the left, thereby compelling me to do the same. When we reached the woods the First Brigade slowly fell back, but owing to the conformation of the line I was able to keep my position and line intact. We remained here sev- eral hours and at length advanced, with skirniishcrs well out, driving the enemy rapidly back, keeping good connection with the First Bri- gade until the victory was won and the enemy routed. My loss was not severe2 killed and 38 wounded. I take great pleasure in saying that the officers and men under my command did their duty manfully and bravely. I am, sir, very respectfully. W. B. FRENCH, Lieutenant- Colonel, Gommanding Regiment. Maj. WILLIAM H. LONG Assistant Adjutant- General Page 220 220 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., kill) PA. [Ow. LV. HDQRS. SsvENn.sEVMTH Nuw YORK VOLUNTEERS, Camp sear Straebeerg, F.., October *7,1864. Sm: In compliance with circular of yesterday, I have the honor to make the following report of the part my regiment took in the engage- ment of the 19th instant, and to send nominal list of casualties; 140 men and 4 officers having been detailed for picket the day before, my immediate command was very small: I took position in the brigadeline second from the right, having the Sixty-first Pennsylvania Yolunteers on my right and the Forty-ninth New York Volunteers on my left. A few skirmishers, under charge of Capt Charles E. Stevens, were thrown to the front for the purpose of observing the movements of the enemy, who were rapidly advancing, a thick fog enabling them to approach close to my.line unobserVed. The formation was in two lines. They came boldly up to within thirty paces of my line under the cover of a hilL Upon rising they received a fall volley from our pins, which seemed to throw them into conk- sion. I at once ordered a charge, which the regiments on zn~ right and left nobly participated in. The enemy broke and fled in disorder down the hill and beyond the reach of our rifles, leaving a few of his killed, wounded, and prisoners in our hands. A heavy artillery fire opening on us we retired to our original line. He quickly reformed and came up again, this time in single line. A little confusion occurred at this time owing to the giving wa of regiments on my left, and we were compelled to fall back, but only a few paces, where we quickly reformed and received the enemy at close range, he coming up boldly within twenty paces, but a well-direeted fire sent him recling to the rear. We again advanced and occupied our former position. Soon the whole force on the right commenced retiring and I followed the movement, leaving no prisoners and bringinp off my wounded. At this time I learned of the death of General Bidwell, and at once took command of the brigade. The regiment retired in line and took tion on the right of and near the pike, where it remained till about 4 p.m., when it advanced in conformity with the line, at this time having the extreme left of the brigade. It met with no considerable loss until near the brick mill. Here it received a withering fire from the stone wall in our front, oacupied by the enemy, and the sharpshooters posted in the mill. My color sergeant, Benjamin 2k. Briggs; color.cor- l)oral, Warren Earl, and the ~ Lient (}. F. Thomas, were shot down successively with the colors, the last killed. The left regiment of the Vermont Brigade gave way and also the left of my own brigade. The regiment then fell back in good order. The whole line was quickly reformed in its original position; a second advance was made, this time with little loss and much less opposition. The stone wall was ~ which afforded protection from the enemys musketry from the elevated ground in our front This position was held for a few minutes and again we advanced. The enemy then broke and ran in confusion. For the rest it was simply a running fight, without order or formation. through Middletown, at the outskirts of which the brigade was formed in line. The regiment advanced without being further engaged during the action of that day. Too much praise cannot be given to the officers and men under my command; they behaved admirably, displaying that coolness and bray- ery so necessary and commendable under fire. W. B. FRENCH, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Maj. WILLIAM H. LONG7 Ant. Adjt. Gus., Third Brig., Seconi Div., 86th Corp. Page 221 CHar. LV.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 221 No. 47. Report of Capt. Dodd 7. Taylor, Siwig-Jiret Pewwssgleania infantry, of operations September 22. HlQus. SIxn-rnIsT REGInNT PENNSYLVANIA VoLs., Oetober 1,1864. MAJOR: In connection with the Shot of our (Third) brigade capturing the rebel battery at Fishers Hill, on September 22,1884,1 would most renpeetfully make the following statement: The battery in question was directly in front of our brigade. On the right of my regiment was the Seventh Maine, and on my left, between my regiment and the First Division, [sieI and before we reached the work the Forty-third Sew York hadformed and assaulted with us. Our (Third Brigade) line reached the work and the guns before any other troops. While still coi~tinuing our pursuit of the flying enemy, the First Brigade of our division came up in our rear and near the battery and opened fire with musketry, many of the bullets tilling in our ranks, which were nearly 500 yards in advance. I hurried back and en- deavored to stop the firing. I then learned that the First Brigade had placed a guard on the guns that we had captured. In my judgment the true position of the First Brigade was too far to the right to be of any use in assaulting this particular point. The must necessarily have inclined to their left very much to gain it; in doing so the7 would either have obliqued across our front, or come up in our rear, which they did do. I have the honor to be, your very obedient servant, Capt 1 ii, Commanding Sixty-first D. 3. TAYLOR, reimqivauuia Yolunteers. 3hij. W. H. LONG, Assistant Adjutant General, Third Brigad& No. 48. Report of Brig. Gen. James B. Riekette, U. & Snag, eommandAng Third Division, of operations September 19-fl. HEADQUARTERS THIRD DrvrnION, SfrTH Ann CORPS, Camp at Harrisonbur,, Va., September .27, 1864. MAJOR: In compliance with orders, I have the honor to submit a report of the operations of this division in the late engagements at Opequon and Fishers Hill. At 2.30 a. m. September 19, 1864, this command broke camp near Clifton, Va., with orders to proceed across the country in the direction of the Opequon River; crossed the river about 7 a. m on the Berry- rifle and Winchester pike; from thence it was moved within three miles of Winchester and formed under the crest of a hill to the right of the pike on the right of the Second DivisionFirst Brigade, Colonel Emerson, on the left, Second Brigade, Colonel Keifer, on the right, which was the right of the Sixth Corps. This position was attained about 9 a. m. Skirmishers were thrown forward immediately for the purpose of driving the enemys skirmishers back, that a battery might be placed in our front This being accomplished the fightin was con- fined to the skirmish line and the artillery until 11.40 a. m. The Nine- teenth Army Corps was formed about 11 a. m. upon the right of the Sixth Corps, connecting with the right of my division. At the hou Page 222 222 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. last mentioned the whole line advanced. As soon as we commenced to advance we were exposed to a heavy artillery fire from the enemy. Major Vredenburgh, commanding Fourteenth New Jersey Volunteers, who was charged with the direction of the line, and while bravely urging his troops on~~ar~ was struck by a shell and instantly killed, his last words being, Guide on me, boys; I will do the best I can. The (livision moved quickly forward for about one mile, passing Mr. Dinkles house on the right of the pike and capturing almost all of the enemy in our immediate front. The Nineteenth Corps did not move and keep connection with my right, and the turnpike upon which the division was dressing bore to the left, causing a wide interval between the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps. As the lines advanced the interval became greater. The enemy discovering this fact, hurled a large body of men toward the interval and threatened to take my right in flank. Colonel Keifer at once caused the One hundred and thirty-eighth and Sixth-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers and One hundred and tenth Ohio Regiment to break their connection with the right of the remainder of his brigade and move toward the advancing columns of the enemy. Those three regiments most gallantly met time overwhelm- ing masses of the enemy and held them in check. As soon as the Nine- teenth Corps engaged the enemy the force in my front commenced slowly retiring. The three regiments named were pushed forward until they came upon two batteries (eight gulls), silencing them and compelling the enemy to abandon them. The three regiments had arrived within less than 200 yards of the two batteries when the Nine- teenth Corps, after a most gallant resistance, gave way. These guns would have been taken by our troops had our flanks been properly protected. The enemy at once caine upon my right dank in large force; successful resistance was no longer possible; the order was given for our men to fall back on the second line, but the enemy advancing at the time in force threw us temporarily into confusion. The line was soon reformed and the euemy again driven from the house above mnentione& an(I our line formed about 100 yards in advance, the mcmi protectimmg themselves with rails, & c. Heavy firing on both sides was kept up. While holding this line the enemy charged twice, but was repulsed, with heavy loss, both times. About 4 p. um. a general advance took place, the enemy gave way before the impetuosity of our troops and were soon completely routed. This division pressed forward with the advanced line to and through the streets of Winchester to the heights beyoiid. Night caine on and the pursuit of the enemy was stopped. The troops of my division encamped with the corps on the Strasburg and Front Royal roads south of Wimichester. This division took in this engagemnent 149 prisoners. This division lost in the battle of Opequon some valiant amid superior officers. Among others, the division mourns the loss of time gallant Major Dilliugham, of the Tenth Vermont Volunteers. Major Vredeu- burgh, commanding Fourteenth New Jersey Volunteers, was killed instantly early in the action. lie was a brave and skillful officer. Col. J. W. Horn, Sixth Maryland Volunteers, than whom none excelled for distinguished bravery, was severely if not mortally wounded. Lient. Col. A. W. Ebright, commanding One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio, was killed in stamitly early in the action. lie ~va s uniformly brave and skillful. Tile enemy was pursued oii the 20th to Fishers II ill about one mile and a half south of Strasburg, Va., on the Staunton I)ike, where be was found strongly fortified in an apparently impregnable position. Abou Page 223 CHAP. LY.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 223 12 in. oii the 21st, the division, except the Ninth New Yoik [ileavy Ar- tilleryl Volunteers, which was detailed as wagon guard, moved with the corps to the right of Strasburg, Va., and wa~ formed agaiu upon the cx- treine right of the corps. In compliance with an order from Major-Gen- eral Wright, I ordered forward the One hundred and twent v-sixth Ohio, commanded by Captain loge, to aid in driving the enemy from a lull in oun Pont This regiment soon became engaged with the enemy. The Sixth Maiviand, commanded by Capt. C. K. I~rentiss, was soon after ordeied toi wud to its support. After a brisk light the two regiments charged with the line of battle, nuder Colonel ibm [Keifer], and took the heights thereby gaining a very important J)Osition, upon which the troo1)5 bivouucked for the night. Captain Prentiss displayed great gallauutiv in this action. The di~ i~ion remained in the position occupied on the uio-ht of the 21st -instant until about 12 m. of the 22d instant. The Sixth Marylan(1 being on the skirmish line was constantly engaged with the enemys skirmishers. At the hour last named, as directed by Major- General Wright, the division moved oft. to the right and upon the enemys left. The Second Brigade, Colonel Keifer, lbrming the first line, with the First Brigade, Colonel Emerson, as a support, attacked and drove the enemy from two hills, whiel he held in consid- erable force. So rapid was their flight that they abandoned shelter- tents, blankets, and a considerable amount of infantry ammunition. During this advance the Sixth Maryland was ordered to push forward upon the extreme left of my skirmish line to resist an attack from the enemy in that direction, which it was successful in doing. In this attack portions of the One hundred and tenth and One hundred and tw-enty-second Ohio were thrown forward as a strong hue of skir- inishers, under the command of Lient. Col. M. M. C-ranger, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio, Maj. A. Spangler, commanding the One hun- dred and tenth Ohio. Colonel 0-ranger and Major Spangler exhibited their usual skill and good judgment in the successful management of troops. The skirmishers were pushed over time crest of the hill and to w-ithin long rifle range of the enemys main works, in which were mounted heavy guns. The division was formed behind the crest of the hill confronting the enemy. Although near the emmemy he was not able to do us much injury with his artillery. Sh~ rp skirmishing continued until about 4 p. in., when the Eighth Corp~ comnuienced and advanced some distance farther to the right and upon the left flauik amid rear ot the enemy. A heavy fire had been opened upon the enemys works by artillery to my rear and left. My skirmishers were pushed forward with orders to halt near the enemys works and open fire upon his gunners. The whole line soon after advanced and charged the works, capturing many prisoners and gnus and dispersing the rebel inf~ntry in all directions. As we chauged a battery opened upoii us still farther to our left. The Eighth Corps came up on our immediate right, and with them we moved forward without delay and charged the second battery, capturing it also. At about tbis time time wimole army coin- menced advancing. The Eighth Corps and my division, being fully umpon the enemys left flank and rear, pushed forward with wild and victorious shouts along the entire line of the enemy, from lmis left to extreme right, capturing all his artillery in position aum(l cal)tuiring and (hispersing his troops. Not a reo-inuent or company of the enenmy left time field in anything like order. Of the number of pieces of artillery captured, this divisiomi is emutitled to tIme ciedit of cal)turing four at least, and 219 prisoners. The division pursued the enemy with the corps al Page 224 224 OPERAflONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Gun. LV. night. The pursuit of the fu~4tive enemy was continued by the infantry to Harriaonbtlrg, Va., at winch place the army arrived on the ~5th instant. The loss in my division wan very light OIL tho Bd, considering the results attained. Throughout the two engagements Col. William Emerson, command- big First Brigade, and (Jol. 3. Warren Keifer, connuanding Second Brigade, displayed great bravery and energy iii the discharge of their important duties, maintaining their usual reputation for cool courage and excellent judgment and skiU. The officers of their respective stalls were conspicuous for bravery and good conduct. I cannot too highly commend their gallantry. In connection with the above, I would mention ~he following-named officers of my command who havepartieuharlydistingilished themselves in the late engagements, and who are worthy and deserving,of promo- lion: Third Division staff: Capt. Andrew 3. Smith, Ope hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers, acting assistant a4jutant-gen- enal; Capt Benjamin W. Bichards, additional aide-de-camp; Capt. George B. Damon Tenth Vermont Volunteers, judge-advocate; Capt Robert T. Cornweh, Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers provost- marshal; Capt George J. Oakes, One hundred and fifty-first *ew York Volunteers, ordnance officer; Lient 0. V. Tracy, One hundred and twenty-second New York Volunteers, division inspector; Snrg. Robert Barr, Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, surgeon-rn-chief? First Brigade: CoL William Emerson One hundred and fifty-first flew York Volunteers, commandingbrigade; Capt Charles H. Leonard, assistant adjutant-general of volunteers; Capt Hiram W. Day, One hundred and sixth New York Volunteers, brigade inspector; First Lieut John A. Hicks, Tenth Vermont Volunteers, acting aide-de-camp. Fourteenth New Jersey VolunteersCapt William W. Conover First Lieut William B. Ross. One hundred and fifty-first New York teens-First Lient Edward E. RusselL Second Brigade: CoL J. Warren Keifer, One hndred and tenth Ohio Volunteers, commanding brigade; First Lient John A. Guznp, One hun- dred and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, acting assistant a4ju- tant-general ; First Lient J. T. Rorer, One hundred and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, acting aide-de-camp; Capt J. P. Dudrow, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Volunteers, acting aide-de-camp; Second fleut. B. W. Wiley, One hundred and tenth Ohio Volunteers, acting aide-de-camp. Sixth Maryland Volunteers-CoL John W. Horn, Capt Clifton K. Prentiss, Capt J. J. Bradshaw. Ninth New York [Heavy ArtOlery] VolunteersIN. Charles Burgess (at Winchester only). One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Volunteers-CoL Willis H Ball Lieut Col. Moses M. Grangen First Lieut M. D. Wheeler, First Tieut. a!. B. Hendershott. One hundred and tenth Ohio Volunteers- Lieut CoL 0. H. Binkley, Maj. Aaron Span glen, Capt J. B. Van Eaton. The already great length of this report forbids my making special mention of the many acts of daring bravery that were performed by officers and men of this command. A nominal list of casualties is herewith tnansmitted. I am, m& jor, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES B. B[CKETTS1 Brigadier-Gousoral, Commanding Division. MaJ. C. A. WmTnn, Aety. Ant. Adjt. (lea., Sioth Corp. Embodied in tables, pp.118,121 Page 225 Ca~, LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 225 No. 49. Report of Col. J. Warren Keifrr, One hundred and tenth Ohio Inihutry. commanding Third Dicision, p operations October 19. IIDQRs. SECOND BRKi., Th1RI Div., SIXTH A1~MY CoRPS, Camp before Petersburg, Twa., December 15, 1864. MAJOR: I have the honor to report, in compliance with orders, the movements and operations of the Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va., on the 19th of October, 1864: The Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, occnpied a position in two lines on the left of the other two divisions of the corps, connecting on its left with the right of the Nineteenth Corps. The Nineteenth Corps was in the center of the army, the Eighth Corps, or Army of West Vir. oillia upon extreme being the left the whole army facing Cedar Creek. The troops of tIme division were to the right of the turnpike about half a mile and not to exceed one mile and a half from Middletown. Marsh Run, which in places was difficult to cross, flowed through a ravimme a very short distance in rear of the division and divided the main body of the troops of the Nineteenth from the Sixth Corps. The troops of the division consisted of two brigades, coinnianded previous to the 19th of October, 1864, First Brigade, by Col. William Enmerson, One hundred and fifty-first New York Volunteers~ Second Brigade, by myself, amid the division by Brig. Gen. James B. Ricketts. The First Brigade was located upon the right and Second Brigade 111)011 the left of the division. The aggregate strength present for duty in line was iM officers amid 3,818 enlisted men. On the morning of October 19, at early daybreak, sonic firing was heard upon the right of the army and soon after rapid firing was heard in the direction of the extremne left of time arniy. Being in conunand of the Second Brigade at that time, it was immediately placed under arms, tents struck, and wagons packed, and prel)aratious made for meeting any emergency. Immediately after the troops were formed in front of their camp, Capt. A. J. Smith, acting assistantadju- tant-general, Third Division, with others of the division staff, reported to me with orders fromn General Iiicketts to assume comimmnand of the division, General Ricketts having assumed command of the corps, Gen- eral Wright being in commamid of the army. I at once turned over the eommaiid of the Second Brigade to C ol. William H. Ball, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio, and assumed command of time division. The firing continued to grow more rapid upon the left of the army, and it soon became apparent that the enemy designed to bring on a general engage- ment. I received, an order from General Iticketts to move the division to the turnpike, and commenced the movement, but soomi after received an order to reoccupy the late position and look omit for the right, as the First and Second Divisions of time corps had been ordered from the right across the run to the turnl)ike and to the supl)ort of the left of the army. The firing continued to grow more rapid upon the left and exteimded to the rear, parallel with the turnpike and toward Middle- town. The troops upon the left had fallen back from their l)osition in disorder, and, with small bodies of cavalry, army wagons, pack animals, & c., had crossed Marsh Run and were rushing through the lines of troops; it was only by the greatest exertions of officers that the lines could be preserved. While muoving time troops back to their late posi- tion orders were received to take the Imills oppc site time rear of the camps of the division. When this order was recefred the enemy had 15 i~ u..vot ~uu, PT Page 226 226 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CnAP. LV gained them and a portion of my command had opened fire upon him. Colonel Ball was ordered to take the position with his brigade. The rear line of the Second Brigade, faced by the rear rank, was ordered to charge the hills alL(l orders were given to the other troops of the divis- ion to follow iii close support. The troops advanced in excellent order, notwithstanding a heavy lire from the enemy, but just after the advance bad crossed the stream the troops of the Nineteenth Corps broke Eu dis- order and fell back along the stream and in such numbers as to impede the thither progress of the movemt-nt and temporarily throw the ad- vance line into some confusion. Fearing the danger of getting niy corn- man(i into disorder, and at the same time ascertaining that the enemy had turned the left of the army and were already advancing and threat- eiing the ieaf, the troops were withdrawmm from the charge and a rapid fire opened upon the enemy, which stopped his farther progress in my front. So great were the number of broken t.roops of the other corps that for a time the lines had to be opened at intervals in order to allow them to pass to the rear. In consequence of the necessary movements of the morning the divisions of the Sixth Corps were separated and were obliged to fight independent of each other. The Third Division, hay- ing faced about, became the extreme right of the army. A number of guns belonging to the Sixth Corps were posted upon the hills on my left. These guns, under the conmnmand of Captains McKniglit and Adams, and under the direction of Colonel Tompkins, chief of artillery of the Sixth Corps, were admirably handled and rapidly fired, although under a heavy and close musketry fire of the enemy. After over 100 artillery horses had been shot the enemy succeeded in capturing a portion of the guns, having approached under covt~r of the smoke and fog from the left, which was unprotected. A charge was ordered and the guns were retakeii, three of which were drawn oft by hand; others were left in consequence of being disabled, but were subsequently recaptured. The regiments prin ci- pally engaged in this cimarge were the Tenth Vermont (of the First Brigade), commanded by Col. William W. Henry, and Sixth Maryland (of t4me Second Brigade), commanded by Capt. C. K. Prentiss. Great gallantry was displayed in this charge by officers and muen. Time rebels were fought hand to hand amid (lriven from the gnus. A position was taken 111)011 the crest of a ridge facing the enemy, who by this timne had thrown a three across Marsh Run, near its month, and were advancing along Cedar Creek upon my right. The right of time Third I)ivision was extended to near Cedar Creek, and tIme left rested a short distance from Marsh Run. A hea~-y fire was kept up for a considerable period of tinme, ai~d the enemy were twice (Iriven ba( k, with heavy loss. Omders were received from Major-General Wright jim person to charge forward and drive the enemy, and the movenmcit was coniiueiiced, and in con- sequemmee of the disorder into which the enemny had J)reviously beeii thrown the movement bid fair to be a snecess; but, ow-ing to the enemys appearamice in heavy force upoum the left fiaiik of the (livisiomi, the charge was soon suspended and the troops withdrawi slowly to anew positioli. The battle raged with great fury, the line slowly retiii ng in the numin in good order from one position to anothuer. ~Iy line was at n~ time driveu fromu any position, but was withdrawn fuoma omine position to anothmer under orders and each time after the enemy had beemm repulsed in all attacks from the front. Abommt 10 a. m. the troops reached a road that ran parallel to my line and at right angles to the turnpike and a short distance to the rear and righf of Middletown. Time troops had beemi withdrawn not to exceed one mile and a half from time h)osition Oudll- pied in the morning. At this lmonr the enemy suspended furthe Page 227 Ca~p. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 227 attacks, but concentrated a heavy artillery fire upon the troops. In retiring almost all the WOuIi(lcd ot the (liVislou were brought off, and but rew prisoners were lost. From this position the division was moved, under orders, to the left and formed connection with tue Sec- oiid Division. Sixth Corps. After General liicketts was wounded Brig. Gen. G. W. Getty assumed coiiimand of the coups, from whom I receive(1 orders. The First I)ivision, commanded by Brig. Ge~i. Frank Wheaton, was foruied upon my right. Many of the troops thrown into disorder early iu the engagement were reformed and brought into line; thos& of the Nineteenth Corps were formed upon the right of the army. It was known about 10.30 a. in. that Major-General Sheridan had arrived upon the field and had assumed command of the army. Major-General Wright resumed command of the Sixth Army Corps. Unfortunately, Colonel Emerson, commanding the First Brigade, fhiied to keep connection with the Second .Brigade of the division during a march to the rear, in consequence of which sonic delay took place in getting into proper position. As soon as a position was takeii np a heavy line of skirmishers was ordered forward from the Second Brigade to cover the front of tile division. Colonel Ball, commanding Second Brigade, accordingly ordered forward the One hundred and tenth Ohio and One hundred and thirty-eighth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, under the command of Lieut. Col. Otho II. Binkley. They took up a position about 300 yards to the front, and along the outskirts of the woods. Desultory firing and skirmishing were kept up. Time enemy about 1 p. m. attempted another advance, and after a brisk fight with the skirmishers caused them to fall back to the main line. The attack was then imnumediately rel)ulsed, and the skirmishers retook their former position. A small detachument of the Army of \7\Test Virginia, under the command of Col. 11. B. hayes, of the Twenty-third Ohuio, was formed upon the left of the Third Division and connected with the right of the Second DivNion, Sixth Army Corps, the left of whmch rested upon the Valley turnpike, about one mile in rear of Mid- dletowmi. The troops remaiiied in position ummtil 3.15 p. in., wheim a gdieral advance was made, the order to do so having been received by mne from Major-General Wright. Immediately after the advance coin- nienced tile troops of the Armny of West Virginia were withdrawn from the line, leaving a short interval between the left of my line amid that of General G. XV. Getty, conmnianding Secoiid Division. In accordance with instructions fromn Major-General Wright my line was ordered to dress to the left in the general advance and close up all intervals. Specific instructions were given by mae to brigade coiumanders to dress their troops to the left in the advance, leave no intervals, amid to be carefnl to avoid (iressilig them too rapidly mmd closely. TIme troops were in one line of battle and without reserves. Wlmen time advance commenced the division mmiove(i forward iii splendid style and very rap- idly It soon encountered time cimemny iii great strength and well l)osted. The enemy opened a (leadly fire with amtillerv and musketry upon the troops, but for a time timey contiuiued time advance, although suffering heavy losses. The order to av~id massing time troops i;m the advance was not complied with by the First Brigade, time troops of which, after comingunder tire, dressed hastily, and in some confusion,to left amid soon became massed behind amid merged imito troops of Second Brigade. 1mm addition to the confusion that iiecessarily e:msned the right was left unprotected. The greater l)omtion of the division, after returning the emmemys lire vigorously for a short time, temporarily gave way. To th Page 228 [CHAP. LV. 228 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. failure to keep the troops properly dressed and to the fact that the Third Division moved forward too rapidly and in advance of the troops upon its right I mainly attribute the failure to succeed in this advance. The troops upon my left also temporarily gave way. The division lost very heavily in this attack. Not to exceed five minutes elapsed before the troops had been halted and were again charged forward. The enemy this thuc gave way and were forced back several hundred yards, wheti he again took up a position behind a stone fence upon the lace of a hill sloping toward my troops. The division charged torwar(l to a stone fence which was parallel to the enemys position and about 250 yards distant therefrom. An open field lay between the opposing troops. A stone wall extended at right angles from the right of my line to the left of the enemys. A sharp amid fierce musketry fire was kept up between the contending forces for about three-quarters of an hour. Orders were received from Major-General Wright in person to charge the enemys position. Preparatory to giving the order for the division to charge I ordered Colonel Emerson to send a competent staff officer with volunteer soldiers along and under cover of the stone wall upon the right of the line, with orders to throw themselves upon the enemnys left and open an enfilading fire upon him. This order was immediately carried ont and had the desired effect. Capt. II. W. Day, One hundred amid sixth New York Yolunteers, and brigade inspector of the First Brigade, was charged with the execution of the order. His gallamit condact on that occasion was highly meritorious, amid for which he (leserves promotiomi. Lient. Col. M. M. Granger, One hundred and twenty- second Ohio Volunteers, volunteered to assist in this strate- gic movement. As soon as troops could reach the flank of the enemy the troops of the division poured a destructive fire upon the enemny and at once charged across the open ground, driving him in utter rout from his I)OsitiOim. A considerable number of prisoners were taken in this charge, also small-arms and two battle-flags. Leander McClurg, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio, captured the battle flag of what he 5u1)posed to have been the Forty-fourth (rebel) Virginia Hegimnetit, which he was foiced to give up to a staff officer, not since recognized by him. Corpl. Daniel P. lieigle,* Eighty-seventh Penn sylvania, captured a battle-flag from a color bearer of the enemy. The emmenty retreated ~)reci~)itately, throwing away gnus, accouterments, & c., iii their flight. He was closely pursued by the infantry to and across Cedai Creek. His columns were completely routed~ disorganized, and demoralized. Troops of this division were the first to plant colors upon the works along Cedar Creek, which had been abandoned by time Eighth and Nineteenth Corps in time morning. The cavalry of time army was hurled upon the broken and flying troops of the enemy after he had crossed Cedar Creek. Night came on and the infantry gave up the pursuit. The abandoned and disabled guns and caissons of the corps were retaken upon the ground upon which they had been left in time morning. The cavalry, in its pursuit of tIme enemy, captured niany of the sub- stamitial fruits of the great victory which had been so richly earned by the hard fighting of the infantry soldiers. Time loss in killed and wounded of the cavalry, coml)ared to that in the infantry, was light, which of itself proves upon whom the burdemi of the battle rested and was l)orne. At dark the troops, under orders, went into their respective camps, from which they had beemi called up in the morning. Many officers and * ~war4e4 ~ Medal of Honor Page 229 CHAP. IV.~ THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 229 soldiers spent the night in ministering to their wounded and dying comrades. Instances were not a few where the miscreaiit enemy had stripped the persons of our wounded of clothing, and left them without covering upon the ground. The bodies of the ulead were generally robbed of all clothing and effects. It may be said, however, that many of the bodies of the enemys dead had been robbed and stril)ped by their own troops. A rebel officer was killed, upon whose body was found clothing and other private effects of Capt. E. iVI. linhi, Eighty- seventh Pennsylvania, who was mortally wounded in the morning. Considering the unfortunate circumstances under which the battle commenced in the morning, and its long and sanguinary character, too munch praise cannot be given to officers and soldiers. Col. William H. Ball, commanding Second Brigade, showed superior ~u(lgment, cool- ness, skill, amid gallantry. Col. William W. flemiry, Tenth Vermont, Lient. Cols. M. M. Granger, One hundred and twemity-second, and Otho H. Binkley, One hundred and tenth Ohio, James W. Snyder, Ninth New York Heavy Artillery, and Majs. William I). Ferguson, One hun- dred and eighty-fourth New Yomk, Charles Burgess, Ninth New York Heavy Artillery, Charles M. Corityn, One hundred an(l twemlty-secolm(l Ohio, and Aaromi Spangler, One hundred an4 tenth Ohio, together with mnany others, were particularly efficient in the discharge of their impor- tant duties. It is un possible to mention names of the many who displayed acts of distiimguished gallantry. Time Ninth Ne* York Heavy Artillery and a battalion of the Omme hundred and eighty-fourth Nc~v York Volunteers, commammded, respectively, by Maj. (now Lient. Col.) James W. Simyder amid Maj. W. D. Ferguson, for their noble behavior deserve to be specially mentioned. The former regiment had several hummdred re- cruits and con scripts who had just emitered the service. The battalion of the One hundred and eighty-fourth New York had never before been engaged. it is painful to mention the bad conduct of Lient. Col. Cimarles G. Chandler. Tenth Vermont, Maj. 0-. W. Voorhes, Omme humidred and twenty-sixth Ohio, anti Gilbert H. Bargar, One hnimdred and twenty- secommd Ohio Volummteers. These officers shamefully deserted their coin- rades in arms, and wemit to the rear without ammthmorily or good cause. Captain Bargar had just received a leave of absence. He abandoned his company while it was in actual combat with the enemny, amid under his leave of absence attemnpted to shield himself from shame and dis- grace. Staff officers of brigades were very efficient in the performance of their duties. Lients. John A. (Jump, acting assistant adjutant-general, J. T. Rorer (now Capt.), brigade imispector, fi. XV. Wiley, acting aide- (le-calup, Second Bi-igade, and Capts. Charles II. Leonard, assistamit adju- taimt-gemueral, H. XV. Day, brigade inspector, First Brigade, are among the nmost conspicuous. Lieutenant Gump was mortally wounded and has since died. Capts. Edgar M. Ruhl, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania, L. D. Thompson, Tenth Vermont, and Orson Howard, Ninth New York Heavy Artillery; also Lieuts. W. B. Ross, Fourteenth New Jersey, Augustus Phillips, One lmummdred and eighty-fourth New York, Orrin B. Carpenter and John Oldswager, Ninth New York Heavy Artillery, and Timomas Kil- burn, Omie hundred and twenty-second Ohio, were killed while val- iantly discharging their duties. Capt. Wesley Devenney, Omie hundred and tenth Ohio, ammd others of the division, have since (lied of their wounds Page 230 230 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Lient. IR. W. Wiley, acting aide-de-camp on Second Brigade staff, was the only officer captured iii the division; he, mistaking the location of troops, rode ilitO the enemys lines. Of the good conduct of the division staff I cannot speak in too high terms. Capt. Andrew J. Smith, acting assistant adjutant- general, thronghout the whole action displayed great bravery, skill, and judg- ment. Capt. Osgood V. Tracy, division inspector, Capt. George B. Damon, judge-advocate of division, and Capt. Anson S. Wood, chief of pioneers, each carried orders faithfully and gallantly in the thickest of the battle. Each member of the division staff was especially efficient and active in preserving lines, keeping up and urging on the tioops. Capt. George J. Oakes, acting ordnance officer of the division, deserves much credit for his energy and efficiency in supplying the troops with ammunition. Robert Barr, Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania, chief surgeon of division, \7\T A. Child, Tenth Vermont, and William M. houston One hundred and twenty-second Ohio, chief surgeons of brigades, with the other medical officers of the division, deserve high commendation for their great skill and energy in taking care of and ministering to the many wounded. Forty-three officers and (332 eimlisted men were killed and wounded in the division. A summary of casualties by brigades is hereto app~nded. Copies of brigade and regimental reports are herewith transmitted. I am, major, with high esteem, your most obedient and humble servant, J. WARREN KEIFER, Colonel 110th Ohio Y6lwnteers, Brt. Brigadi~er- General, Comdg. Maj. C. A. WHITTIER, Acting Assistant A~(jntant- General, Sixth Army Corps. Summary of casualties by brigades in Third Dirision, Sixth Army Corps, at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va., on the 19th day of October, 1864. Killed Wauiidcd Missui~ Total. a Brigade ~ C ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 FirstBrigade Ia 190 18 19 224 241 5econd Brigade 0 19 311 24 383 411 5 94 dl JOl 1 18 43 1613 636 No. 50. Reports of Col. William Emerson, One hnndred and fifty first New York Infantry, commanding First Brigade, of operations September 1922 and October 19. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., THIRD DIV., SIXTH ARMY CORPS, Ilarrisonburg, September 26, 1864. CAPTAIN: In accordance with orders from division headquarters, I have the honor to report the following officers as having distinguished themselves at Winchester and Fishers Hill: Col. John W. Schall, But see revised table, p. 132 Page 231 3EAP. LY.~ THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 231 ~3Mghty-seventh Pennsylvaniain being mustered out with his regiment the Government has lost a valuable and efficient officer; First Lieat. John A. 1-licks, Tenth V ermont, acting aide-dc-camp; First Lieut. Edward E. Russell, One hundred and fifty-first New York Volunteers; First Lient. William B. Ross, Fourteenth New Jersey. All the officers [lid 50 well that it is difficult to l)ick out officers who distinguished themselves. J have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. EMERSON, Capt. A. J. SMITH, Colonel, Conunanding Brigade. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. IIDQRS. FIRST BRIG., THiRD Div., SIXTH ARMY CoRPS, September 27, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to forward a report of the operations of this coinniand during the recent engagements from September 19 to date, inclusive: On the 19th instant, at 2.30 a. in., this command hroke camp near Clifton, Va., with orders to proceed across the country in the (lirection of the Opequoii River. ~iIe river was crossed at about 8.34) a. in., an(l after marching a mile and a half the enemys skirmishers were met, when a line of b4ittle was immediately formed. This brigade was formed on the right of the Second Division, and on the left of this division in two linesthe Fourteemith New Jersey Volunteers and One humidred and sixth Ne~v York Volumiteers in first line, the Eighty-sev- enth Pennsylvania Volunteers and Tenth Vermont Volunteers iii second hue. The One hundred and fifty-first New York Volunteers were thrown forward immediately as skirmishers for the purpose of driving the enemys skirmishers back that a battery might be placed in our imnie- diate front. This being accomuuplished, the fighting was confined to the skirmish line and time artillery uimtil 11.40 a. in. with ineonsiderable loss on our side. At this hour we were ordered by Captain Smith, actimmg assistant adjutant-general, to make an assault upon the enemys posi- tion iii our front, this brigade beimig the directing brigade, with orders not to halt until we received orders. Precisely at the appointed mo- ment our column gallantly advanced, and was imumediately exJ)osed to a terrific fire froni the enemys guns. Major Vredeimbnrgh, command- imig Fourteenth New Jersey Volunteers, who was charged with the direction of the line, and while bravely urgimmg his trool)s loiward, was struck by a shell amid instantly killed, his last words being, Guide on nine, boys; I will do the best I cami. The brigade moved quickly forward h)r about a mile, passing a house on the right of the pike aiid capturing almost all the enemny 1mm our immediate front. Two pieces of artillery, which had worked coimsiderable damage to our troops, were then discovered and a charge was made to secure possession of them. At this moment it was discovered that our right flank was not pro- tected by the Nineteenth Corps, and that a heavy force of the enemy had been placed in position for the purpose of cutting us off. These guns would Imave been taken by our troops had our flanks been properly protected. The order was given for our mmcmi to fall back on time second line, but the enemy advancing at the same time iii force, thiew us tern- porarinly into confusion. The lute was SOOii reformed, and the enemy again driven from the house above mentioned, and our line forme Page 232 282 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (030. LZ about 100 yards in advance, the men protecting themselves with rails,. & c. Heavy firing on both side was kept up until about 4 p. a Whilst holding this line the enemy charged twice, but was repulsed, with heavy loss, both times. The bripade was again moved forward, rn coi~Junction with the whole line, driving the enemy before them In the greatest confusion. Without any further. check we passed through Winchester and had the honor of placing our flags first on the heights beyond Winchester. The brigade captured many prisoners, who were sent under guard to the rear. In this connection I cannot bestow too much praise upon all the members of my staff; they being untiring in their efforts to rally the men under heav?r flre and by their actions inspiring the men with courage. I mention with pleasure the following-named officers, all of whom distinguished themselves by their gallantry: Capt Charles H. Leonard, assistant adjutant-general; Capt Hiram W. Day, acting assistant inspector-general; Capt Charles N. Bartrufl acting aide-de- camp; Lieut. John A. Hicks, acting aide-de-camp; Lient Beitiamin P. Miller, acting aide-de-camp. I would also mention Bergt Dial. Nathan F. Peck, One hundred and fifty-first Hew York Volunteers, who came under my immediate observation and was conspicuous in reforming the men. Among others, the brigade mourns the loss of the gallant Major Dillingham, of en h Vermont Volunteers. The Ices m both officers and men was severe. A list of casualties has been forwarded.? About dark we were ordered to fall back to Winchester and camp for the night on the right of General Gettys division. September 20 received orders to move forward at 5 a. m. in the direc- tion of Strasburg. When within a mile of Strasburg went into camp and remained all night, the enemy occupying Fishers HilL On Wed- nesday, September 21, at 12.30 p. in., moved by the right flank amund Strasburg about two miles; threw up earth-works and remained all night Thursday, September 22, in the morning about 11 o7clock, received orders to move out with the Second Brigade and take a cer- tain hill in our front Tjxis was successfully done, this brigade forming the second line. About 4 p. a General Crook having turned the enemys left, we were ordered by Captain Smith acting assistant adjutant-general, to move forward, connecting ~tA General Crooks let The command moved steadily forward under a heavy artillery fire, obliquing to the right until we passed a piece of woods in our front, when the command made a rush into the works on the right of the Second Brigade and captured three brass pieces and one steel piece. The credit of capturing these pieces belongs to the Tentk Ver- mont Volunteers and One hundred and fifty-first New York Volun- teers. The One hundred and sixth New York Volunteers claims to have captured one Parrott gun. The enemy fell back in great con- - fusion and many prisoners were captured, who were sent to the rear. All officers and men did their duty. I take pleasure in mentioning two instances of personal bravery brought to my notice, viz: First. Lleut E. B. Russell, of the One hundred and fifty-first New York Vol- unteers, who drove a rebel lieutenant from a gun with his saber as he was putting in a fuse to fire it Private David Robinson, Company B, One hundred and fifty-first New York Volunteers, fought desperately hand to hand with the enemy over a gun, bein; knocked down th the butt of a musket He, however, succeeded in killing his opponent First Sergt Julius Ambruster, Company B One hundred and fifty- first New York Volunteers, is also very higl~aly spoken of by the coin- Embodiedhtabb,p.115 Page 233 Cia. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAiGN. us. mandant of his regiment as having handled his company (of which he was In command) splendidly on the skirmish line on the 19th instant. I presume there were numerous other Instances of personal valor, but commandants of regiments have neglected to report them. WIL EMERSOX Oologs.i, Oomsswsdf.sg .ilfln*a Capt A. j. SMITH, Acting Aninant A4istaat-O.gwrtil. Hmaus. FasT BmG., TmED Dry., SIXTH Ann Coin, Year AtiWetown, Ye., November 3,1864. CAnenr: In compliance with ordersfrom headquarters Third Divis- ion, I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this bri~e on the 19th ultimo: Before a t I was a by firing on the right of our picket- line, which, being quite sharp, I turned outand was about ordering the brigade under arms, when it ceased entirely, and I again turned in. In about half an hour firing a commenced to our extreme left, and apparently in our rear, which, increasing, I ordered the brigade under arms. A few minutes later Lieutenant Tracy, from on s came with orders to get under arms and pack up, which was accord- ingly done. The brigade was then ordered to move to the pike, and started by the right flank; had proceeded about half way when Lieu. tenant Tracy brought orders to move back to the old position, facing west I soon received an order, through Lieutenant Tracy, to form ilue on the crest of a hill Acing south. The brigade moved to the ition bytheleftfiank fllinqtotheleftintwolines,andlfond McKnight?s battery on our ieft with nothing connecting on our right The men were ordered to lie dm and troops, artillery, and wagons went pour- ing through our lines, It being qmte foggy, it was difficultto tell when our troops were through and the enemy commencingto come. As soon as satisfied on that point thebrigade commenced firing, and the crest in frontwas soon clearedand keptclear. Just at this time Ifond theright was giving way under a heavy eiifilading fire from the crest where the Second Brigade had been camped. I ordered up support from the second line, but the fire was so heavy that the men could not be held there. Finding the men giving way the fire having increased in our front, I held them as long as possible to give Captain JibKnight time to get away his battery. Seeing Captain McKnight commencing to limber up, and not able to hold the men any longer, I gave the order to fall back to the next crest, which was done in good order the men lying don until the enemy appeared on the crest we had just left, when the brigade commenced firing and soon drove the enemy off, when the brigade was again moved forward and brought off three guns that had been abandoned. Sergt William Mahoney, color bearer of the Tenth Vermont Volunteers, was the first man to reach the guns, and mounted .one of them, waving his colors for his comrades to join him. I regret to announce that this brave soldier was after- ward killed. The brigade again fell back, and, the enemy ap~earing on our left flank, continued to retreat until reaching a piece of woods, when the brigade was again formed on a crest under an order from General Wright, the general complimenting Sergt Edwar Page 234 234 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. I~V. ileller, color bearer of the One hundred and fifty-Urst, for his bravery, which compliment was most richly deserved. The brigade remained in this position until ordered to move back slowly, which was done, to a road, when, according to order, through Captain Wood, it was formed in second line, together with number of scattered trool)s. This position was held some time, when I again had orders to fall back, which I did, until arriving on a hill between two I)leces of woods, when an oider came to halt and form. After being here a short time an order came by Captain Wood, of (hivisioll staff, to move to the rear by right of regiments an(l to incline to the right toward the l)ike. We proceeded in this manner until ordered to halt and form in line, faced to the front, after which Lieutenant Tracy brought orders to move forward and form oim the right of the Second Bri- gade. I found the Second Brigade formed in a piece of woods, and formed in one line on their right, the men throwing rails aimd logs np in front br protection. The brigade lay here nuder a fire of shell until about 4 p. in., when Captain Smith caitie with an order to move forward, connecting on the left with the Second l3rigade. The brigade moved through time woods, whemi it received a very heavy fire on the right flank, under which it was brokemi, but soon reformed ~I1 its old position, amid again moved forward to a stone fence, the enemy being behind another stone wall in front with a clear field intervening. There was a stone wall runmming from the right flank of the brigade to the wall behind which the enemy lay. S me of my men lay scattered along this last-namned wall. The First Division lay to time right amid in advance, nearly parallel with the enemy. Everything appeared to be at a dead lock, with hi eavy firing of artillery and mnusketry. At this stage Colonel Keifer, commimanding divisiomi, camne to me and inquired what men those veme lyimig along time ~vall mumming from our hue to the enemys, and ordered inc to semid them forward to flank time enemy and drive them from their position. The execution of the omder was entrusted to Capt. H. W. Day, inspector of the brigade, who proceeded along the wall, amid getting on the enemys flank dislodged them, when tIme brigade was moved ra~)idly forward, in connection with Second Brigade, and did not stop umitil we arrived in the works of tIme Nine- tecuith Corps, whemi, in accordance with orders from Coloumel Keifer, the brigade went to its position of the morning, got its breakfast, amid encamped, satisfied that it had doume a good days work before breakfast. I take great pleasure in stating that iii the last charge, Corpl. Daniel P. Reigle captured a battle-flag from a color bearer of the enemy. Among our casualties I have to regret the loss of the brave and gal- hamit Augustus Phillips, adjutant of the One humidred and eighty-fourth New York Volunteers, who, though he had been iii the brigade but a short tinme, had proved himself to be a galhmmit soldier and a gemutleman, and died as a soldier should die, bravely doing his whole duty. The loss of the brigade was: Officerskilled, 4; woumided, 15. En- listed menkilled, 34; wounded, 190. Total, 243.* WM. EMERSON, Colonel, Commanding. Capt. 0. V. TRAcY Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. * But see revised table, p. 132 Page 235 Cu& p. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 235 No. 51. Reports of Gapt. Jacob J. Janeway, Fourteenth New Jersey infantry, of nperations & ptember 1922 and October 19. HDQRS. FOURTEENTH NEW JERSEY VOLUNTEERS, September 26, 1864. Sw: In compliance with order received this day, I have the honor to make the P)lloWmg report of the operations of the Fourteenth New Jersey Volunteers during the late engagements at the Opequon and Fishers Hill from the time that I took command, which was irninedi- ately atter Major Yredenbnrgh was killed: We had then advanced as fir as the picket-line, where the regiment had halted to form. Being oi~dered forward, I advanced the regil nent to the deep ravine, halted for a few moments, formed, and then advanced until I received orders to halt. The right was then falling back, and my regiment fell back with the line, having with them fifteen of the enemy pvisoners. As soon as the line was reformed the regiment again advanced with the line and iemained under a heavy fire, (loing what execution it could. The line was again ordered forward. having thrown out skirmishers to cover the nont of my regiment, as ordered, advanced in line to beyond Winchester, when my regiment was thrown out in fiont of brigade as skirmishers. In this way we advanced to the fortified heights on the right of Winchester; rejoined the brigade; went on picket; deployed a sufficient number of men to cover brigade front. Rejoined the brigade next morning on the march; bivouacked for the night near S~rasbnrg. ~loved with brigade next day to a position on the right. At 12 in. next day moved with the brigade and advanced in line of battle to near the top of a high crest near the enemys intrenchmnents. Here we remain e.d for some time; being ordered forxvard, advanced (louble-quick over the enemys earth-works and in time to take a rebel lieutenant and fourteen men prisoners. I then formed my regiment, and as I could see nothing of a line I advanced it through the woods, ox-er the railroad, to the top of the hill, moving parallel to the road in a good line, where 1 halted and waited for a Massachusetts regiment to comnect with our right, as there weme only a few scattering men in our front. I here met Captain Smith, of division staff, xvho ordered me to take the crest of the hill. My regiment was the first to reach the top. We here halted, and in a short time after joined the brigade on the turnpike. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. J. JANEWAY, Captain, Commanding Regiment. Capt. CHARLES H. LEONARD, Assistant A{~jutant- General. IThQRS. FOURTEENTH NEW JERSEY VOLUNTEERS, iYear Cedar Creek, ITa., November 1, 1864. SiR: In compliance with circular received this day, I have the honor to make the foihowing report of the part which the Fonrteenth New Jersey \ olunteers took in the engagement of the 19th of October, in the battle of Cedar Ci-eck, Va.: At daylight Oil the 19th instant I was awakened by heavy firing on the left of our hues, and in a short time afterward received orders t Page 236 [CHAP. LV. 236 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. have my regiment pack up aiA get under arms. Brigade formed line on the crest of the hill in rear of the camp; my regiment was in the second line. We were here but a few moments before we were under fire. A regiment breaking in the front line, I received orders from my brigade commander to place my regiment in their place. In doing this a volley was fired upon ns from the rear by our own troops, which caused my men to break. They were soon rallied, and when our whole line gave way my regiment went with them, stopped with the li:ie behind the rail fence, anch fell back with the brigade in good order. Formed line in edge of woods, being on the right of brigade. At 1 I~ m. sent 100 men and 3 commissioned officers to the front, according to orders received, to be deployed as skirmishers, covering the brigade front, and advanced to the edge of the woods. When the line had advanced at 4 p. m. over the skirmish line, my men were assembled and joined the brigade, on the left behind the stone wall, and participated in the final charge, and reached our old camp after dark. Casualties: 1 commissioned officer killed, 1 commissioned officer wounded, 3 enlisted men killed, 23 enlisted men wounded. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. J. JAKEWAY Captain, Co~nmauding Regiment. Capt. CHARLES H. LEONARD, Assistant Adjutant- General, First Brigade. No. 52. Reports of Capt. Peter Robertson, One hundred and sixth New York Iijan try, of operations September 1.922 and October 19. IIDQRS. 106TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, September 27, 1864. CAPTAIN: In obedience to orders from headquarters First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, calling for a synopsis of the oper- ations of this command in the engagements of the 19th and 22d of Sep- tember, I have the honor to forward the following report: At 2 a. m. the morning of the 19th of September this regiment, with the brigade, broke camp at Clifton Heights and took up the line of march in a southwesterly direction for the (3peqnon Creek, keeping to the right of the Berryville and Winchester pike. At 7 a. m. cannon- ading was heard in the direction of the crossing, and it was soon found that the cavalry had effected a crossing and forced time enemy back a distance of two miles or more, when the infantry immediately crossed, and following the pike a distance of one mile and a half or more we took up a position on its left, with the riglmt of our regiment resting on the left of the front line of the Second Brigade of the Third Division. Here we remained until about 10 a. in., when the charge was sonnded and the regiment moved forward in fine style under a heavy fire from two of the enemys batteries, which made sad havoc in onr ranks. Notwithstanding this terrible fire of shot and shell the men kept steadily on, drove the batteries from their positions, and in conjunction with the rest of the brigade would have captured them had we been smmpported on the right by the Nineteentim Corps. The failnre of tlmis obliged us to fall back some distance. Rallying again, we regained our old position under a heavy fire, capturing in this charge about sixt Page 237 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 237 prisoners, forty of whom we hold receipts for. Holding the position we had thus regained, heavy musketry was kept up till 4 p. in., when, the lines being reformed, we made a second charge, which decided the action of the day. In each charge the One hundred and sixth was in the front line, and too much praise cannot be given to both officers and men for their bravery and steadiness under a murderous fire from 1)0th front and flank. In both charges we lost 2 officers wounded and 51 enlisted men killed and wonnded, which attests the hard fighting we sustained. We went into the fight with about 200 muskets. At sunset we entered Winchester and rested for the night. In the fight of Fishers Hill this regiment was again in the front line and participated in all the fighting of the brigade and division. This command assisted in the capture of the fort near Fishers Hill and captured one Parrott gun from the enemy and fifty-eight prisoners, for which we hold receipts. Since then, captain, the actions of this corn- mnand are well known to you, and in connection with its sister regi- ments have, I venture to say, reflected high credit to the brigade amid its commander. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, PETER ROBERTSON, ~Japtain, (Jommanding Regiment. Capt. C. H. LEONARD, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Fir8t Brig., Third i)iv., Sixth Army Cwps. IIDQES. 10(411 NEW YORK VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, November 1, iSGI. CAPTAIN: in obedience to orders from headquarters First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, calling for a synopsis of the oper- atiomis of this regiment during the action of the 19th of October, I have time honor to forward the following repoi-t: At daybreak on the morning of the 19th of October, this regiment,with the brmgade, was aroused by heavy musketry firing on our left front, which proved to be an attack in force by the enemy on the left of the Eighth Corps. Reveille was immediately sounded, ammd shortly after- ward musketry firing was heard on our right and center. The order to strike tents was then sounded from brigade headquarters, and shortly after omders were received to stand to arms. The brigade was then formed into hue, amid stood to arms for a few minutes, when orders came for the brigade to move, which it did by the right flank, filing right, and formned into line, fronting toward the Middletown pike. After remain- im~g in this position a short time the brigade was moved to its first line again. It was then moved again, and formed line of battle witim its right near the Middletown pike amid fronting toward Strasburg. Ilere it was broken through and driven back some distance by the retreat- ing colummms of the Eighth amid Nimmeteenth Corps, but rallying again, they succeeded in forming a junction with the Second Brigade of the division, when some slmarp fighting ensued, the divisiomi falling back in good order, closely contestimig every foot of ground. This rcgnnent, with part of the brigade, sllpl)orted Batm cry M, [Fifth U. S. Artillery,] and succeeded imi recapturing two of their pieces of artillery which had been capture(l from them by the enemy in the early l)art of the action. This regiiiient, within time brigade aiid corl~s, con timmued to fall back slowly until beyond 2liddletown, when the advance of the enemy was t4mecked Page 238 238 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD, AND PA. (CUAP. IN. When the advance upon the enemys lines by our troops was ordered by Major-General Slieridai, this regiment was in the front line, which position it continued to occupy during all the subsequent charges made upon the lines of the retreating enemy. This regiment lost during the action its commafl(ling officer an(l 2 line officers woun(Ied, also 8 enlisted men killed on the field, and 42 eiihisted men wounded. This regiment had about forty-five recruits, most of whom had joined the regiment only two days previous, and who behaved all through the action in the most praiseworthy manner. Both officers and men of this and other regiments of the brigade deserve great praise for their cool and steady bravery dnring the action. The great number of casualties in a regiment so small as time One hun- died aiid sixth New York Y olunteer Infantry plainly shows how stub- born the contest was on that eventful day. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, PETER ROBERTSON, Captain, Commanding Regiment. Capt. CHARLES H. LEONARD Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Brig., Third Die., Sixth Army Corps. ~O. 53. Report of Lieut. Col. Thomas M. Pay, One hundred and fifty-first New York I~fantry, of opcrations September 1922. HEADQUARTERS 151ST NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, September 2G, 18G4. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders this day received from head- quarters First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, I have the honor to report the ol)eratiOiis of the One hundred and fifty- first Regi- ment New York State Volunteers at the battles of the Opequon and Fishiers Hill, as follows: The reginThnt left Clifton with the Sixth Army Corps on the 19th instant at 3 a. in. and marched with the CO~l)5 across the Opequon. The left wing ot the regiment was thrown out as flaimkers shortly after leaving camp, the right wing remaining in the column. Inimedmately upon arriving upon time battle field the right wing was throwil ont as skirmishers. They advanced amni relieved time cavalry, who were then skirmishing with the enemy in fromit of the brigade. Shoilly the left wing came in from time flanks and a larger portion of it was placed upon the skirmish line and the rest held in reserve. The skirmishing was very severe, bnt we succeeded in driving t e enemy some distance. During the skirmish Captains Sanders and Williams were wounded. While engaging the enemy with as much effect as possible the line of battle advanced and was not discovered until it was within a short distance. Having received no orders concerning this, before my skir- mishers could be advanced the line of battle had charged over them. A part of the skirmish line joined Pm time charge and a i)art remained in their places. As much of the regiment was assembled as it was pos- sible to collect and rejoined the brigade at the advanced position it had attained. It was then again thrown out as skirmishers and advanced as such in front of the line of battle in the second advance. They were assembled at dark and rested for the right in camp with tho brigade Page 239 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 239 At noon of the 22d the regiment moved with the division from the works it had thrown up the previous night, formed line of battle, ana advanced to within a short distance of the enemys works. It p~rtici- pated in the charge of Fishers Hill and captured two I)ieces of artillery and several prisoners. Both officers and men displayed great courage and conducted them- selves in a maimer worthy of the highest praise. All the officers of the regiment exerted themselves to the utmost to inspire the mcii with confidence and were ceaseless in their efforts to do their whole duty. I cannot make special mention of one without injustice to all the others. The mei, with but few exceptions, did themselves much honor, and their bravery and gallant conduct were surpassed by itone. First Scrgt. Julius Aumbruster was conspicuous for his daring and soldierly conduct during the battle of the Opequoii, where lie was severely wounded in the head. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, TUGS. M. FAY, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Capt. C. H. LEONARD, Assista at A ~juta at- General. No. 54. Reports of Lient. John A. Wolcott. One hundred and fifty-first New York Infantry, of operations ~S1eptember 1922 and October 1.9. HEADQUARTERS 151ST NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, November 2, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the action of this regiment at the engagements of the Opequon, September 19, and at Fishers Hill, Septem ber 22, 1864, as follows: rfhe regiment, with the Sixth Corps, broke camp near Cliftoim at 3 a. in., and advanced upon the enemy by the Berryville pik~ The regi- ment led the Third Division, the left wing thrown out as flankers. Beyond the Opequon, our cavalry having engaged the enemys l)ickets and driven them back upon their main force, an inthiitry skirmish line relieved the cavalry. This regiment was deployed as skirmishers. The enemy were held in check until 12 in., when our line of battle advanced upon ihem. After the line of battle had advanced this regi- ment fell back and assembled, awaiting orders. At 2 p. in. they moved forward aid took position i~ line of battle. At -I p. in., with the line of battle, advanced in its mmffmorable amid victorious charge of that glorious day, which scattered amid drove the enemy in comifusion frommm the field. That night camped imear Winchester. The loss on this occasion was 2 commissioiied officers wounded, 3 enlisted men killed, and 12 enlisted men wounded. Upon the afternoon of September 21, our forces having advanced upon the enemy intrenched at Fishers Hill, this regiumetit, with the Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, was moved to take position upon the extreme right of the line of batHe being formed. After a severe skirmuish, during which this regiment was with the troops held as reserve, the desired point was secured and the line established. Next morning this (livislOIm threw up breast-~vorks, beimig in two lines of battle, this regiment in the second line. At 112 in. we moved out t Page 240 240 OPEi~ATlONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CnA~. LV. the right, and was in the second line of battle in the preliminary move of the Third Division of that day, which was successful. In the final charge, at 5 p. in., owing to the nature of the ground, the line became somewhat broken, but though broken the advance was not checked. Part of this regiment was the first to enter the enemys works that day, when they took two pieces of artillery and many prisoners. In following up from this point the regiment was very much broken. Upon reaching the pike the regiment formed upon its colors and marched to where the division was bivouacked. The loss was one enlisted man wounded Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN A. WOLCOTT, Fi#~t Lie~Aenant, Commanding Regiment. Capt. CHARLES H. LEONARD, As~istan t Adj at ant- (ie,teral. HEADQUARTERS 151ST NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, November 2, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the following action of this regiment in the engagement at Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864: Before daylight on the 19th of October this regiment was aroused from sleep by the discharge of musketry and artillery, and before the tents could be struck and men equip themselves bullets showered in and about camp like rain. The whole camp equipage, however, was packed and the line formed without contusion, the regiment taking its place in the brigade line, which was formed npou the hill back of the camp and facing what had been the left flank. The larger portion of the men and ~officers were absent upon the picket-line, but the f~w left rallied round in support oC the colors, and did nobly in the movement of the foreimooli of that day. At 1~ oclock the balance of the regiment rejoined, and, with the brigade, moved in position in the new line formed. Here they built breast-works, but no attack was made upon this part of the limnA At 3 p. in. the hue moved forward. This regiment, with one other of the brigade, were the first to uncover, and thus drew the .w~ole fire of the enemys lines. By this the line became somewhat broken, but the colors and majority of the regiinemit mnoved forward in the line aimd followed up the retreatimig emmemny. Both men and officers acted with great coolness and bravery this day; but the bravery of the color-sergeant, Edward Ileller, aimd the whole color guard are especially to be commended. When time line broke out upon the pii..e the c4rs of the One hundred and fifty-first were ahead of all others. Lieutenant-Colonel Fay being sick, the regimnent was commanded by Capt. B. N. Wiles, who was wounded in the early part of the engage- ment, when the command devolved upon Capt. H. A. Kimball. The loss was 1 commissioned officer wounded and 1 enlisted man killed and 11 wounded. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN A. WOLCOTT, First Lieutenant, Commanding Regiment. Capt. C. H. LEONARD, Assisttnt Adjutant- General Page 241 Gun. LV.). THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 241 No. 55. Itepen of 11%. William D. Ferguson, One hundred and Mghty-founh Infantry, of operation. October 19. HDQEE. DUTAOHXENT 184TH BuG!I~. Nuw Your VOLE., Camp sear Middletown, Ya., October 81,1864. CAPTADI: In obedience to orders from headquarters First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, calling for a synopsis of the oper- ations of my detachment in the action of October 19, 1864, I would forward the foflowing report: ii?deZliment broke camp and formed in line of battle with the bri- gade shortly after daylight on the morning of the 19th instant. In about half an hour we marched by the left flank and fcrmed line of battle perpendicular to the rear of our camp, and immediately op general enqagement commenced with our line, I should at about 7 a. in., which was very severe for about one hour, alternately advancing and retreating short distances, at which time the enemy appearing on our flanks in superior numbers, we commenced steadily falling back under a destructivefire. In this flrstpart of the action my detachment lost considerably in killed and wounded. We continuedfalling back to a road rousing parallel with our line of battle and at right angles with the turnpike leading from Winchester to Strasburg, where we.reformed, facing the enos. Finding the Sixth Corps without support, we were ordered to march from the right of battalions to the.rear, in which order we continued the re$reat about two miles farther to the center of a piece of woods southwest of Newtown, where we again formed in battle order, and formed for our protection a temporary breast-work of rails and logs, where we lay some three or four hours waiting for the enemy to attack. The enemy advanced to within musket-ranpe of us and threwup breast- works similar to that of ours and kept thisline until we were ordered to advance and charge about 4p. m. The enemy resisted stubbornly and the fighting was very severe for some time, when theybroke in dis- order and retreated to a stone fence where they undertook to rally, but the impetuosity of our men was such that their resistance was feeble and a general retreat of the enemy commenced, closely followed by our men. The action from this time was only one of enthusiast on the part of our men and despair and disorderon the.part of the enemia which we followed to Cedar Creek, and encamped on the same groun from which we had been driven in the morning. General Sheridans promise to whip hell out of them was verified, and my detachment rested in fine spirits. We lost in the action 1 officer killed and 44enlist6d men killed and wounded. I cannot speak to6 highly of the coolness and bravery displayed by the officers of my detachment or of the courage and determination of the men. This bein; as far as my knowledge extends of the hist~ry of this detachment m the action of the 19th of October, 1 would respectiblly submit it to you. Yours, respectiblly, Major 184th Hew York Wit. D. FEBGUSoN~ rowsea,s, Cosusaesdiesg Detachment Captain Luoran lest. Mjt od.., First Brig., Third Div., 86th Irs.; Cosys. 16 B BVOL ELm, VT Page 242 ~CuKr. LV. 242 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. No. 56. Report oJ Capt. Edgar 31. Ruhi, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, of operation:~ september 19 and 22. IIDQRS. BATTALION EIGHTY-SEVENTH PENNSYLVANIA, September 26, 1864. In compliance with orders, I have the honor to submit the following report: Left camp at 3.20 a. in. of the 19th; ford ed the Opequon, and 1)laced in line of battle on left of Winchester and Berryville road, about two miles from Winchester, by 8 a. m. The regiment, being formed on left of second line, moved forward at 11.40 a. in., driving the enemy about one mile. Took an active pai t in the operations of the day, sustaining a loss of 7 killed and 47 wounded. Operations of 22d.Moved on left flank of enemy about noon; division formed in hues of battle, regiment on right of second line. Advanced about two miles; regiment thrown out on right of~flank to support skirmish line. remained in this position until the skirmish line ad- vanced, when we assisted in driving the enemy from their works. Loss, 1 killed and 3 wounded. EI)GAII N. RUIIL, Captaim, Commanding Battalion. Capt. C. II. LEONARD, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 57. Report of Capt. John A. Saisbury, Tenth Vermont Iu~fantry, command ing Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, of operations October 19. HDQRS. BATTLN. EIGHTY-SEVENTH PENNSYLVANIA VOLS., November 1, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of battal- ion Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers in the action near Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1814: Took command of the battalion about 11 a. in. October 19, 1864, its commander being killed early in the morning. Formed about a mile in rear of Middletown on the front line of l)attle of First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, about 12 in. Advanced about 3.30 p. in., driving the enemy, and in the last charge on the enemy Corpi. Daniel P. Reigle, of my command, captured a battle-flag from the enemys color bearer near Middletown, Va. Continned to advance until reach- ing the works of General Crooks command, when, about 7 p. in., we were ordered back to our old camp. Very respectfiully, & c., your obedient servant, JOHN A. SALSBURY, Capt., Tenth Vermont, Comdg. Battin. 87th Pennsylvania Vols. Capt. CHARLES H. LEONARD, Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Brig., Third Div., Sixth Army Corps Page 243 Ow. LV.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 248 14o. 58. Report of Capt. Lucite T. Hsmt~ Tenth Venmont I.fantry1 of ration. September 19 and 22. HEADQUARTERS TENTH VnxozrT INFANTRY, Camp near Harrisonbur,, Va., September 26, 1864. CArrAni: I have the honor to forward, in obedience to orders, a report of the operations of this command during the recent engage. ments: On the 19th instant, at about 9 a. in., this regiment, having 287 mu- kets, crossed the Opequon Creek with the brigade, and, marching up the pike toward Wino ester, was assigned a position in the general line of battle, being the right battalion of the brigade in the second line, lying upon and divided by the pike. The regiment lay here under fire, but without loss, until about 11.30 a. in., whet~a general advance being ordered, the regiment moved into and throug the woods to the front, the line bearing to the right of the pike, and arrived ut the open field beyond, where the first Bite was found lying down. The fire of the enemys artillery while in the woods was sufficietitly hot and accurate to try the best disciplined troops. The regiment suffered them its heaviest loss, the greatest being that of its gallant commanding officer, MaJ. Dihiugham. The general alignment was a good d~ cBs- turbed, but the advance was not checked. The line beingg now reformed the advance was renewed, and the troops, somewhat mtmindfrn of dis- cipline in their eagerness, rushed across the0 field toward the enemys litte and battery, approaching the latter so nearly that it was hurriedly withdrawn by hand. It is tieliev hat had the troops on the left of our division been at this time equally advanced the battery would have been taken by troops of this brigade. Halting and rectifyin; my line, I was informed by a staff officer that the troops were retiring, an therefore withdrew my command, at first in good order, but afterward, beitag involved among other troops, it shared the genepal confusion which then occurred for a time in consequence of disorder on our right and a flank fire from that direction. Order being restored the regi- ment was collected, and it was posted in line upon the right of the bri- gade front, in a direction nearly at a right angle to that of the first advance. After maintaining here a fire more or less active for a time skirmishers were thrown out from my command and a second advance prepared for. The second advance bein; made at 4p. in. my command continued to occupy the same position in the front line. Dunn; the advatice the repimens suffered considerably from the enemys artillery fire upon the hue of battle and from his musketry upon the skirmish line, but operations upon other parts of the field causing the enemy to retreat soon after we had emerged from the woods in his front, my regiment had no further part in the action, except that it shared In the general forward movement upon the heights of Winchester which fol lowed. I have to report, with pain~ that Wsqj. Edwin Dilliugham, command- ing the regiment, was struck by the enemys shell and mortally wounded early in the action. He died within a short time afterward. His loss is seriously and sadly felt in the regiment. First Lient. L. A. Abbott, commanding Company E, and First Lient D. G. Hill, com- manding Company (1, both gallant officers, were badly, the latter very dangerously, wounded at about the same time Page 244 (Gun. LV. 244 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. The total casualties of the command during this action were: Com- missioned officerskilled, 1; wounded, 3. Enlisted menkilled, 10; wounded, 50; missing, 1. Total, 65. In the action which took place on the 22d instant at Fishers Hill the regiment, upon the formation to attack, was posted upon the left of the brigade in the second line of battle. In the advance to the ridge, next that on which the enemy was intrenched, it met with a trifling loss in wounded, and after lying in line of battle upon the rising slope of the ridge until near 5 p. in., took part in the general movement, and marched in line of battle, under a threatening fire of shot and can- nister for a time, to attack the enemys works, with admirable steadi- ness. On reaching the open, upon the ridge, it. moved by the right flank until uncovered by the first line then forming upon its right, when the brigade broke into that rushing charge down the slope and up the height, which the enemy scarcely waited to receive. The regi- ment entered the works among the first, and in this charge took two brass field pieces and ft -eight prisoners, following the routed enemy up the pike until dark. My loss was small, viz, 1 enlisted man killed, 1 commissioned officer and 7 enlisted men wounded. I respectfully congratulate the brigade commander upon the results of these engagements, of incalculable value to our cause, and inspiring increased confidence among officers and men of the brigade in them- selves, each other, and their brigade commander. I remaip, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Ta. T.HUNT,. Captain, Commanding Regiment Capt C. H. LEoNAn, Assistant A4jsetant-Oeneral. No. 59. Report of LI ent VoL Charles CL Chandler, Tenth Vermont Infanfl, of eperattons October 19. HEADQUARTERS ThUTH VnxouT VOLUNTEERS, Near JfidAletown, Va, November 2,1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report, in compliance with orders, the cart taken by the regiment under my command In the battle of Cedar reek, October 19, 1864. Boon after daylight, the enemyhaving flanked the left of the general line and forced the troops occupying it fromtheir positions, the brigade was formed at a right angle with its original line in two lines of battle, facing south, and holding the ridge no of the valley of Meadow Bun, a small creek running parallel with the pike from Middletown. This regiment, numbering 16 officers and 253 musket#, was assigned a posi- lion, being the second in the front line of battle, lying near the present brigade headquarters. At this time men, wagons, artillery, An,., were passing to the mar through our lines in much confusion. The enemy appeared at about 7.30, opening a very severe fire of artillery and musketry from the commanding ciest he had gained hour front, caus- ing us considerable loss while the troops.were yet lying down unable to return the fire to advantage. This fire, well directed, swept the pound we occupied, while the enemy threw forward his skirmishers into the valley. The severe fire from the front, now increased by a par Page 245 CHAP. LV .1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 245 tially eufihidrng fire from a hill on the right and a little in our front, caused our line to give way gradually froni the right. Falling back to a slight ridge about 200 yards a new alignment was made, while the rebels advanced their line ot battle to the crest we had left. At so short range our fire was very eiThctiv c. Tile rel)el colors in our front were seen, to fall and their line soon fell back to gain the protection of the ridge. Three guns of Captain McKnights battery (M, Fifth United States) had been abandoned ou the ground we had left. A charge was now ordered to repain them, and the regiment, aided by a portion of the line on our left, gallantly charge(1 up to the guns; Sergt. William Mahoney, color bearer, being the first to reach them, planting the colors upon one of the recaptured pieces. Theportion of the line thus advanced was too small to enable it to follow up its success, and it was imme- diately exposed to a very severe fire from tIme front an(1 right flank, while a large column of the enemy advanced up the ravine against our right. A dense fog reimdered it difficult to distinguish friends froum foes and caused mmmcli confusion and mmcertainty. The position was held however, for about fifteen minutes, imtil the rebels gained our left flank, when I withdrew my regiment to the poimmt from which we had advanced, where the line was again reformed. The guns we had recovered were also withdrawn and placed in the new line, and the enemy, advancing on to the ridge in our front, were again compelled to fail back by our fire, aided by canister from the battery; but, l)ursaing their advantage on tIme left, they soon flanked us in such force as to compel a retreat. Although broken and somewhat scattered by time severe flank fire, our Imne fell back slowly, the muen constantly turning and firing. In timis way we retired about half a mnile, under a cross-fire of mmmsket.ry, as well as a slmarp fire from several pieces of artillery posted oh time comn- mnammding ridge near time pike. Reaching a cross-road, the line was halted aimd refornmed at- about 9 a. ma. The enemy did not press us farther, though keepiimg up ami artillery fire, but as they continued to advance on our left we were soon after withdrawn about one mile farther. Our loss in this part of the day was very severe. Capt. L. D. Thompson, comumnanding Company 1), was ki~1ed. Adjt. ~V. Lyman was ~everel y wounded while gallantly aidhing in encourao-ino- t ~ line men and ~~epmimg line in order whemi fallimug back ummder a severe flank fire. At about noon the general line was estabhisimed across the pike between New- town and 1\Jiddletown and slight breast works were tlmrown up of rails. A general advance was ordered at about 3.30 p. mu. My regiment being on the right of the brigade moved with time division. Leaving the woods, as we pushedi forward into the open field, the right of the line, ummeovered by time troops on timat flank imot being equally adxranced, was exposed to a concemmtrated fire, wimich for a few moments checked our torwardi mevememut. Some of time troops, gaining time slmelter of a slight ridge, mnaintaiimed their advanced position and kept up a sharp fire on the enemy. The trool)s were soon reforumed, and, advammeing with tIme gemmeral line, drove the rebels from a strong position behimmd a stoime wall, pushimmg them back about half a muile. Here they took up a x-ery stmommg })osition, on a high ridge behind a stone ~vall, ammd made a stout resistance for about half an Imour, but, overpowered by our fit-c, tlmemr Imne show-ed signs of wavering, and a general advance bein g ordered time mmmen sprang forward impetuously and drove tlmenm from their last position imi confusion. No further resistance was nma(ie to our advance, and soomi after dark we reached and took po5session of our old camps Page 246 246 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. ~ MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. I have to mention with regret the loss in the last charge of Sergt. William Mahoney, color bearer of the regiment, who has borne the colors through every action the regiment has been engaged iii with remarkable gallantry. It is impossible to l)artiduJarize officers or men where all behaved so gallantly. Capt. H. II. Dewey, Company A, commanded the regiment ill the latter part of the day, leading it in the last gallant charge and the severe combat preceding. The loss was very heavy, being equal to one-half of all the officers present and one-third of the whole number presei~t in the regiment. The numbers are as follows: Killedcommissioned officers, 1; enlisted men, 115. Woundedcommissioned officers, 7; enlisted men, 58. Miss- ingenlisted men, 4. Total, 85. A nominal list of casualties has been already forwarded. I remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, CHARLES G. CHANDLER, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Tenth Vermont Volunteers. Capt. CHARLES H. LEONARD, Asst. Adjt. Gen.~ First Brig., Third Dir., Sixth Army Corps. No. 60. Report of Col. J. Warren Keifer, One hundred and Tenth Ohio Infantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations ASeptember 11) 2~ HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD Div., SIXTH ARMY CORPS, Camp at Jliarrisonburg, Va., September 27, 1864. CAPTAIN: As directed in orders, I have the honor to submit a report of the operations of this brigade in the late engagements at Opequon and Fishers Hill, Va This brigade was composed on the morning of the 19th instant of the Sixth Maryland, One hundred and thirty-eighth and Sixty seventh Pennsylvania, One hundred amid tenth, One hundred and twenty-sixth, and One hundred and tw-enty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regi- ments, and First and Third Battalions, Ninth New York Heavy Artil- lery Regiment, commanded, respectively, by Col. John W. Horn, Col. M. It. McClennan, First Licut. J. F. Young, Licut. Col. Otho H. l3iimkley, Li~ut. Col. Aaron W. Ebright, C ol. William H. Ball, and Maj. Charles Burgess, numbering in the aggregate about 2,000 muskets. At 3 a. in. September 19, 1864, the brigade marched from its late camp near Berryville to the Berryville pike and along the 1)ike in the directiou of Winchester, Va., crossing Opequon Creek near the pike and about five miles from Winchester; from thence it was moved to within three miles of Winchester and formed behind the crest of a hill to the right of the pike and upon the right of the Third Divisiom whith was the right of the Sixth Corps. Skirmishers were thrown forward from the front line, under command of Maj. Charles M. Cornyn, One hun(lred an(l twenty- second Ohio, who immediately became engaged with time enemys skir- mishers. iPhis position was attained about 9 a. in. The Nineteenth Army Corps was formed about 11 a. m. npou the right of my brigade. Heavy skirmishing continned until about 12 in., when the whole line advanced. I was ordered by Brigadier-General Ricketts to dress mity brigade toward the turnpike and upon the First Brigade, Third Divis. ion, Sixth Corps. As soon as we commenced to advance we wer Page 247 CHAP. IX.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 247 exposed to a heavy artillery fire from the enemy. The Nineteenth Corps did not move and keep connection with my right, and the turn- pike upon which the division was dressing bore to the left, causing a wide interval between the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps. As the hues advanced the interval became greater. The enemy discovering this flict hurled a large body of men toward the interval and threatened to take my right in dank. I at once cau~ed the One hundred and thirty- eighth and Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania and One hundred and tenth Ohio Regiments to break their connection with the right of the remainder of my l)rigade and move toward the advancing column of the enemy. These three regiments most gallantry met the overwhehn- ing niasses of the enenmy and held them in check. The Nineteenth Corps soon came up and cnconntere(I a very heavy force of the enemy in a woods to the right of the three regiments named. As soon as the Nineteenth Corps. engaged the enemy the force in my front commenced slowly retirimug. I pushed forward the three rcoimnents until we came upon two batteries (eight guns), silencing thcm, and compelling the enemy to abnndon them. The three re~inuents had arrived within less than 200 yards of the two batteries wit en time Nineteenth Corps, after a most gallant resistance, gave way. The enemy at once came upon my right flank in large force; successful resistance was no longer possible; tIme three regiments had already suffered heavily, and wem e obliged to fall back in some disorder. The enemy regained a portion of the ground from which they had been driveum. In falling 1)a.ck we lost no prisoners. Time brokeii troops of my brigade were halted and reformed in a woods behind troops from time reserve, which had come forward to fill up the interval. As soon as reformed they were moved forward again over the same ground they had advanced time first time. While umoving this portion of my brigade forward I received an order from Bri ga chier-G eneral Ricketts, com in andim g division, to again unite my brigade imear the center of the corps amid to the right of the turn- pike, near a house. This order was obeyed at once and my whole brigade was placed in one line immediately confromuting the enemy. The four regiments of my brigade that were upon the left kept con- nection with the First Brigade, Third Division, ammd fought (lespelately, in the maui driving tIme enemy. They also captured a considerable number of prisoners in their first advance. heavy firing was kept up alommg the whole line until about 4 p. in., when a general advance took place. The enemy gave way before the imupetuosity of our troops, and were soon completely routed. This brigade pressed forward with the advance line to and into the streets of Winchester. The rout of the enemy was everywhere complete. Night came on, and the l)nrsnit of time enemy was stopped. The troops of my brigade encamped with the corps on the Strasburg and Front Royal roads, south of Wimmehester. This brigade lost in the battle of Opequoum some valiant ammd superior officers. Lient. Col. A. W. Ebright, commuanding One hundred amid twenty-sixth Ohio, was killed imistantly early in time action. He w-as uniformly brave and skillful. He had fought in the many battles of the Sixth Corps during the past summers camnpaign. Capt. Thomas J. Hyatt and Lient. Rufus IRicksccker, One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio, and Lieut. William H. Burns, Sixth IMaryland, also fell in this action. Each was conspicuous for gallantry on this and other fields upon which they had fought. Col. John W. horn, Sixth Maryland, whoni none excelled for distinguished bravery, was severely, if not mortally, wouuided. Col. William H. Bali, One hundred an(l twenty- second Ohio, received a wound from a shell, but (lid not quit the field Page 248 248 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ICHAP. LV. fle maintaine(l his usual reputation for cool courage and excellent judgment and skill. Capt. John S. Stuckey, One hundred and thirty- eighth Pennsylvania, lost a leg. Maj. Charles IMI. Cornyn, One hun- dred and twenty-second Ohio; Captains Feight an(I Walter, One hun- died and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania; Captain Williams, Lieuten- ants Patterson, Wells, and Crooks, One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio; Captains Hawkins and iRouzer and Lieutenant Smith, Sixth Maryland; Lieutenants Fish and Colvin, Ninth New York Heavy Artillery; Captains Van Eaton and Trimble and Lieutenants iDeeter and Simes, One hundred and tenth Ohio, are among the many officers more or less severely wounded. Lieutenant Peeter has since died. I cannot too highly comrnnend their gallantry. Capt. J. P. Dudrow, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio, and Lient. It. W. Wiley, One hundred and tenth Ohio, were each slightly wounded while acting as aides-dc-camp npon my staff. The enemy was pursued on the 20th to Fishers Hill, about one mile and a half south of Strasburg, Va., on the Staunton turnpike, where he was strongly fortified in an apparently impregnable position. This brigade bivouacked with the corps near Strasburg. About 12 in. on the 21st the brigade, except the Ninth New York Heavy Artillery, which was detailed as wagon guard, moved with the corps to the right of Strasburg, and was formed again upon the extreme right of the corps. In compliance with an order from Brigadier-General liicketts, I ordered forward the One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio, commanded by Capt. G. W. Iloge, to aid in driving the enemy from a hill in our front. The regiment soon became engaged with the enemy. The Sixth Maryland, coniluanded by Capt. C. K. Prentiss, was soon after ordered forward to its support. After a brisk fight the two regiments charged and took the heights, thereby gaining a very important position, upon which the troops bivouacked for the night. In this affair the One hun- dred and twenty-sixth Ohio had 4 enlisted men killed and 17 wounded, and the Sixth Maryland had 7 enlisted men wounded. Captains Hoge and Prentiss displayed great gallantry in this action. The brigade remained in the position occupied on the night of the 21st instant until about 1~ in. of the 22d instant. The Sixth Maryland, being on the ski mush line, was constantly engaged with the enemys skirmish- ers. At the hour last named, as directed by Brigadier-General IRicketts, the brigade moved off to the right and upon the enemys left and, with the First Brigade, Third Division, as a support, attacked and drove the enemy from two hills, which he held in considerable force. So rapid was his flight that he abandoned shelter-tents, blankets, and a coiisid- erable amount of infantry ammunition. 1)uring this advance I ordered the Sixth Maryland to push forward upon the extreme left of my skir- mish line to resist an attack from the enemy in that direction, which it was successful in doing. In this attack portions of the One hundred and tenth and One hundred and twenty-second Ohio were thrown for- ward as a strong line of skirnuishers under the command of Lieut. Col. M. M. Granger, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio, Major Aaron Spangler, commanding the One hundred and tenth Ohio. Colonel Granger and Major Spangler exhibited their usual skill and good judg- nuent in the successful management of troops. The skirmishers were pushed over the crest of the hill and to within long rifle range of the enemys mu am works, in which were mounted heavy guns. The brigade was formed behind the crest of the hill confronting the e nemny. Although near the enemy he was not able to do us much immjury with his artillery. Sharp skirmishing continued until about 4 p. in., whe Page 249 CHAP. LY.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 249 the Eighth Corps commenced an a(lvallce some distance Thither to the right and upon the left flank and rear of the enemy. A heavy fire had been opened 111)011 the enemys works by artillery to my rear and left. My skirmishers were pressed forward with orders to halt near the enemys works and open fire upon his gunners. The whole hue soon after advanced and charged the works, capturing many prisoners and tour guns, and dispersing the rebel infantry in all directions. As we charged a battery opene(l upon my men still farther to our left. The Eighth Corps came up on our immediate right, and with them we moved forward without delay and charged the second battery, capturing it also. At about this time ~ie whole army commenced advancing, the Eighth COrp5 and Third Division, Sixth Corps, being fully upon the enemys left flank and rear, pushed forward with wild arid victorious shouts along the entire line of the enemy from his left to extreme right, cap- turing all his artillery in position, and capturing and dispersing his troops. Not a regiment or company of the enemy left the field in any- thing like order. Of the number of pieces of artillery captured tIPs brigade is entitled to the credit of capturing eight at least. The num- ber of prisoners captured by the brigade I cannot state. Many of the captured prisoners were left behind to be picked up i)y others in the rear. It is said that through neglect to place guards over captured artillery others who came up later guarded arid claimed it as their cap- tare. The brigade pursued the enemy with the corps all night. The l)ursuit of the fngitive enemy was continued by the infantry to H r- risonburg, Va., at which place the army arrived on the 25th instant. Thus ended the glorious victory at Fishers lull, the enemys supposed haven of security. The loss in my brigade 011 the 22d was very light, considerimig tIme result attained. Many acts of daring bravery were performed by officers and men of this command. Lieut. li. W. Wiley, with Privates 0. A. Ashbrook, One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio, William Wise and Ehias A. Barr, Coin- pany I, One hundred and tenth Ohio, rushed in advance of the hiime and captured Captaifi Ashby (brother of the late rebel General Ashby) and twenty-one men. Sergt. Albert J. Ilouston and Private Ehias Wreights, Company B, One hundred and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania, were the first in a fort in which they captured one officer and thirty men. Each party brought their prisoners aXvay securely. Other instances of similar character might be mentioned. The loss in my command iii killed and woumided from the 19th to the 22d of September, 1864, inclusive, was 4 officers and 54 enlisted men killed, and 25 officers and 314 enlisted men wounded, making an aggre- gate of 397 killed and wounded. Hereto appemided will be found a summary of casualties by regiments. Throughout the two engagements Licut. Col. Otho H. Binkley, Maj. Aaron Spangler, One hundred and tenth Ohio; Col. William H. Ball, Lient. Col. M. M. Granger, and Maj. Charles M. Cornyn, One hundred and twemity-second Ohio; Capt. G. XV. loge, One hundred and tweimty -sixth Ohio; Capts. C. K. Prentiss and J. J. Bradshaw, Sixth Maryland; Maj. Charles Burgess, Kimith New York ileavy Artillery, and others, displayed great bravery, skill, and energy in the discharge of their important duties. Col. M. H. McCleunaiu, One hundred and thirty-eighth Penn- sylvania, remained upon the field at Opequon gallantly doin~ his duty until from exhaustion he was obliged to go to the rear. He was weak and still suffering fromn a recent illness. One or two officers only are known to deserve censure and punishment for their inefficiency an Page 250 250 OPERATIONS IN ~. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tOITAP. LV. bad conduct. First Lieut. John A. (Thmp, acting assistant adjutant- general; First Lient. J. T. Rorer, brigade inspector; Capt. J P. Dudrow, Lient. Chailes II. Kuhn, and Lieut. IR. W. Wiley, acting aides-de-camp oii my staff, were conspicuous fbr bravery and good conduct. I heir promptness in the delivery of ~, and skill aiid good judgment in carrying theiii out, entitle them to the highest praise. The already great length of this repo. t forbids my making special mention of acts of distinguished bravery by mneuders of my statE Cap- tam I)udrow and Lientenaiits Guinp and Rorer each had one horse shot and Lieutenant Wiley had two horses shot under him while in the discltar~e of their duty. Orderly Lewis B. P~ul, One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio, was wounded and had his horse killed under him while carrying the brigade flag in the battle of Opequon. Orderly Lewis H. Shreeve, Sixtl~ Maryland, also had his horse shot under him. Oi deny Richard Netz, One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio, and those just immed were cool and gallant. My orders were throughout received from Brig. Gen. J. B. Ricketts, coinu~anding division, and through inenibers of his staff. To General Ricketts and each member of his staff I beg to acknowledge my grati- tude and obligations for their kind courtesy and nniform generous treat- mei it. Regimental reports of operations and a nominal list of casnalties* are herewith transmitted. I am, captain, very truly, your obedient and humble servant, J. WARREN KEJEER, Colonel 110th Volunteer Infantry, Commanding Brigade. Capt. ANDREW J. SMITH, Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gem, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps. No. 61. Report of Col. William II. Ball, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Ii~fantry, commanding Second Brigade, of operations October 19. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD Div., SIXTH ARMY CORPS, October 20, 1864. CAPTAIN: 1 have the honor of making the following report of the part taken by the Second Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, in the battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1-64: The troops were aroused at dawn of day by musketry to our left. Shortly after the lines were fo med the coimnand of the brigade de- volved upon myself, in consequence of changes resulting from the absence of General Sheridan. The brigade was formed in two lines the first composed of the Ninth New York heavy Artillery, One hun- died and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania, and a portion of the Sixty-seventh Peniisvlvania; the second embraced the Sixth Maryland, One hundred and twenty-sixth, One hundred and twenty-second, and One hundred and tenth Ohio; the regiments ocenpied positions from right to left as named. Before sunrise I received orders to move by the right flank toward the pike. After moving a short distance in that direction orders were received to return to the position from which we had just moved and await orders. Shortly thereafter I was ordered to move in * Ca~ua1ties embodied in tables, PP. 113, 121 Page 251 L~ THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 251 the same manner and direction as before. The brigade moved to an elevation near and in rear of army headquarters, where it came under lire. The lines were faced by the rear rank; the secoIl(l, now become the first, moved forward to meet the advancing foe and hold a crest iu front. The troops moved gallantly an(l drove back the advance of the enemy and became warmly eigaged, captnriiig several prisoners. About this time a large number of the Nineteenth Army Corps passed through the lute and broke its organization. rrhe line could not be retoriined at that place in consequence of nnmbers retreating over the ground. The greater part of the troops of that line collected a.iid formed npon the remaining line. The brigade was then under severe fire, troni both inthntry and artillery. Troops left the field on both my right and left, until the brigade was w thont immediate support. At this critical L)erio(l t he Ninth New York Heavy Artillery behaved with coolness and gallantry. Under orders the troops moved back with great regu- larity a short distance to another elevation, where they were tilet by another order to retire to a road half a mile farther to the rear. At the road the 1)OsitiOlI was occupie(1 a tewT niinntes, the troops of the Eighth Army Corps on my left. I was theii ordered to move to the left. I did so, connecting with the left of the Eighth Army Corps. Having now no connection on my left, and being in a thick wood of oak and cedar, I dir eeted Captain Prentiss, Sixth Maryland, to protect the left flank by skirniishers. The direction was promptly carrie(l out. After Occupying this position some time I received orders to move to the rear. I (lid SO, the troops of the Eighth Army Corps ~)assing to my left, aid took position a utile to the rear of that last occupied. Here we were ordered to move obliquely to the left and rear and connect with the right of the Second Division, Sixth Army Corps. We con- nected with the right of the Eighth Army Corps at a stone fence iii a wood near the pike. Defensive works were hastily constructed of such material as could readily be had, and the troops, it being noon, rested some two~ hours or more. Lieutenant-Colonel Biiikley, One hundred and tenth Ohio, was ordered to deploy his regiment and One hundred and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania as skirmishers and advance to the front of the woods in which we were resting and observe the movements of the enemy. An hour after Colonel Binkley notified me that the enemy were moving on the right of our line in force. An attack was made, lint repulsed before extending to my brigade. The skirmishers were exposed to a more or less active fire of musketry. Artillery was also brought to bear on our skirmish line, but without effect. While we were in this position Major-General Sheridan rO(le along the line from lelt to right enconraging the men. lie was greeted with nmost enthusi- astic cheers by the troops. This was the first assurance the army bad of his returmi. About 3 p. m. tIme whole army advamiced in one line 111)011 the enemy. Immediately before a(lvancing the troops were with drawn to the left, amid my left connected with the Second Division, Sixth Armtmy Corps, while my right connected witlm the First Brigade, Third Division. We advanced half a mile to thie edge of the woods, when we wem-e met by a well-directed fire froum the might flank. This fire was returmme(l with spirit some fifteen minutes, when the troops wavered and fell back a short distance in some disorder. The Second and Third Divisiors gave way at the same timne. The line was speedily reformed amid uitoved forward and became etigaged with the enemy again, each force occupying a stone wall. Advantage was taken (if a wall or fence rummutimig perpendicular to amid connectimig with that occupied by the enemy. After the action had continued here about three-quarters of a Page 252 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. LV. 25~ hour a heavy volley was flied at the enemy from the transverse wall. A hurried and general retreat of the enemy immediately followed, and our troops eagerly followed, firing upon the retreating army as it ran, and giving no opportunity to the enemy to reform or make a stand. Several efforts wei~e made by the enemy during the pursuit to rally, but the enthusiastic pursuit foiled all such efforts. Our troops were subject to artillery fire of solid shot, shell, and grape during the pur- suit, and we reached the intrenchments of the Ninteenth Army Corps (which were captured in the morning) as the sun set. Here the pursuit by the infantry was discontinued. The first and second, and probably the third, colors planted on the recovered works of the Nineteenth Army Corps were of regiments composing this brigade. Lieut. John A.-Gump, of the One hundred and thirty-eighth Penn- sylvania Infantry Volunteers, actiug assistant adjutant-general on brigade staff; fell mortally wounded early in the action. Lieutenant Gump was a gallant officer. Lieutenant Kuhn, Sixth Maryland, acting aide-de-camp on biigade staff, fell seriously, if not mortally, wounded in the afternoon. Second Lieutenant Wiley, One hundred and tenth Ohio, acting aide-de-camp on brigade staff; was captured by the enemy while returning from the ammunition train to his brigade. He was a gallant and daring officer. Through the entire day the conduct of Lieut. Jonathan T. Borer, One hundred and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania, acting assistant inspector-general on brigade staff; was most gallant and efficient. All the staff officers of the brigade are entitled to com- ineudation. The following is a list of the casualties that occurred in the brigade during the action :* Killed. wounded. Missing. I a Regiment. a a a a tt ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ 126th Ohio Volnateers 4 1 14 1 a 25 110th Ohio Volunteers 5 2 27 . 34 122(1 Ohio Volunteers 1 3 4 11 6 45 6th Maryland Volunteers I 8 4 ~8 1 51 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers 2 4 3 42 9th New York Heavy Artillery 40 I 5 16 . 208 67th Pennsylvania Volunteers 3 26 1 10 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ~ ~. BALL, Colonel 122d Ohio Vol. Infty., Temporarily Comdg. Second Brig. Capt. A. J. SMITH, Acting Assistant A~jatant- General, Third Dir., Sixth Corps. No. 62. Report of Capt. Clifton K. Prentiss, Sixth Maryland infantry, of oper ations September 1925. IIDQRs. SIXTH BROIMENT MARYLAND VOLUNTEERS, September 27, 18G1. SIR: I have the honor to report that on tlle 19th of September, at 2 a. in., the regiment of which I have command broke camp near Clifton But see revised table, p. 132 Page 253 Can. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 268 farm; near Berryville, and moved with the division, marching in two columns, in a westerly direction across the country to the Winchester and Berryville pike which we struck three miles from Berryyille. At this point we could hear the cavalry engaging the enemy on the west side of the Opequon River. After a short halt on the east bank, we crossed the ~non at a ford some 500 yards south of the road and marched with all possible speed to the support of the cavalry. We found the cavalry skirmishin; with the enemy three miles from Win- chester, and we went into position in two lines in the rear and threw forward skirmishers to reheve the cavalry. Our lines were formed on the edge of a woods and on high pound at the head of a ravine run ning from the Opequon. The troops went into position in the following order, the line being at right angles with and across the Berrryvllle and Winchester pike: The Second Division, Sixth Army Corps, on the left of the pike; the Third Division on the right of the same the First Division in reserve; the Nineteenth Army Corps on the right of the Sixth Army Corps. In this position we had some artillerypractice, and our skirmishers were successibl [in reachingla crest 300 yards in our front, to which our artillery was advanced. This position we held until twenty minutes of 12 in., when the entire line *as ordered to move forward on the enemy. This our division did with alike gallantry and success foradistanceofonemileandaquarter,underahnvy fire ofinfan- try and artilleryand with both flanks exposed,as the SecondDivision did not keep pace with our rapid advance, but at one time halted and lay down, and the Nineteenth Army Corps did not succeed in advancing to the line we occupied ntil about 3p. m. We were at one time obliged to fall back some 200 yards from the position we had taken, but the men were soon rallied and reoccupied the same pound, and with the assistance of Colonel Edwards brigade, of the First Division, were so enabled to extend our lines as to protect our flanks. Our position was a strong one, and though the enemy made repeated efforts to dis- lodje us, using their artillery with great accuracy, we yet held our position until the Nineteenth Army Corps, re-enforced by the Eighth Army Corps, was successfiul in driving the enemy in its front, and by4 p. ni. they had turned the enemys lank so that his lines were at tight angles with the lines in our front. At this time we were again ordered forward, when the enemy were muted and driven in great conibsion from the field. Our division moved forward until we held possession of the heights beyond Winchester, the enemy having led inthe direction of Strasburg. We went into camp for the night On the left of the Sins- burg road, on the outskirts of Winchester. In this action our regiment had 1 officer and 7 enlisted men killed and 5 officers and 26 enlisted men wounded. Three times on this day were the color bearers shot down, yet the colors never fell. Col. John W. Horn, while encouraging his men to withstand one of the enemys assaults, was very dangerously wounded. Capt Henry J. Hawkins and John 11. Rouser are supposed to be mortally wounded. Lient. Demarest 3. Smith, while leadin his company gallantly into a charge, was badly wounded, and Licut. William H.B~s, while bearing our colors forward, was struck with a shell, crimsoning our colors with his blood. At S a. m. ~tember 20 we marched via Strasburg pike, keeping on the rightof the road; halted for breakfast beyond Newton, from which we marched to Strasbnrg~ where we found the enemy had taken up a strong position on Fishers Hill, south and west of the town, Here o;r troops were masse4 In s woods on the ri& ht o Page 254 254 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. the road and remained until about 2 p. m. of the 21st, when our division moved in two columns toward the left of the enemys line, when my regiment was detached from the brigade for the purpose of supporting a portion of the skirmish line of the Second Division, which had been broken and driven back in great confusion. I was successful iii driv- ing the enemy to a line of works he had constructed of rails. At dusk, on receiving orders from the assistant adjutant-general of Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, drove him from his works. In this charge my men acted with great gallantry, and the eiiemy was so entirely surprised that he offered hut feeble resistance, though I have reason to believe he was in considerable numbers. In this action I lost seven enlisted men wounded. At 12 in. the 22d my regiment was withdrawn from the skirmish line and joined the brigade and division as they moved oft to the enemys extreme left, where the division formed in two lines (Second Brigade in front) and moved on, driving their skirmish line before us for three- quarters of a mile, when my regiment was detailed to go on the skir- mish line; formed a connection on my left with the Second l)ivisiou and on the right with troops of our division, commanded by Major Spangler, of One hundred and tenth Ohio Volunteers. In this move- ment I was entirely successful in driving the enemy and secnring a good position, where I was ordered to halt. This position I held utitil about 6 p. in., when the Second Division, on my left, and the Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, on my right, charged the enemy aiid drove them in confusion. At this time I received orders, by Lient. R. W. Wiley, from Colonel Keifer to form my regiment in the rear of Major Spanglers and await orders. Up to S a. m. 23d neither Major Spangler nor myself having received orders, and supposing they had been sent but failed to reach us (as has since proved to be the case), we marched via time Staunton pike and overtook our brigade at Woodstock, and after receiving four days rations we marched to one mile south of Edenburg, where we arrived and at 4 p. in. went into camp. At S a. nm. Septeitber 24 marched for New Market, three miles beyond which we went into camp for the night. Most of this (lay our cavalry were skirmishing with the enemy. Marched at 6 a. in. September 25 on the left of the road; arrived at Harrisonburg at 4 p. in. the same (lay. Our division went into position in two lines on the east side of time town, where we are at present encamped. Very respectfully, & c., CLIFTON K. PRENTISS, Captain, Commanding Regiment. Lient. JOHN A. GTJMP, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 63. Report of ha]. Joseph C. Hill, Sixth Maryland Infantry, ~ operations October 19. HDQRS. SIXTH REGIMENT MARYLAND VOLUNTEERS, November 4, 1864. CAPTAIN: I ha~e the honor to transmit to you a detailed report of the operations of this command in the recent engagement at Cedar Creek, on the 19th of October, 1864 Page 255 O~p. LV.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 255 Before daybreak the command was arollse(l by heavy firing on our left, all(l ~vithout awaiting or(lers the command was soon under arms. it soon becanie evident that the enemy had surprised and completely routed the troops on our lelt. Orders came for us to i~il1 in immediately, which order was promptly obeyed. We lnoVe(l off by the rht flank and foritied line of battle on the hill in rear of our camp and a(lvanced across the run, accolnl)anied by the One hundred a:md twenty-sixth Ohio Volnnteers. We began asceimdiiig the hill. but soon found that the trool)s o our right had beeii flanked and were fhlhiiig back, which also compelled us to fidi back across the run, which we (lid Ill good order, under a heavy fire from the enemy, to the point where our lime first advaiiced from. Here we halted. The eiieiny still advancing, we we~e again compelled to hill back some 400 yards. in doing so two gnus of Captain McKuuights battery were aban(loned and fell into the hands of time enemy. We again advanced amid retook the abandoned guns. Time whole line then fell back opposite Middletowim an(l there formed line in eomnrnan(1 being on the heft of the brigade. We then moved to time left auI(l after being in line a short time we fell still farther back, again. moving h)y the might flank, and formed line one mile east of Middletown, coumnecti;tg with the Second Division, Sixth Army Corps, on our left where we renmaiumed until the order was given to advance, about 3 P. in., wheim tIme whole line advanced and drove time enemy from the field, my eomnmmmaml(l fidlowing to Cedar Creek. ilere we received orders to reoc- cupy our old camp for time night. rule commmmnaml(l went into time engagement in the morning with 9 officers and 150 umemi, amid sustaimme(I a loss during time (lay of 4 oflicers wounded, S enlisted mmmcmi killed, 37 enlisted men woumided, amid I enlisted man woumided andi mimmssmng. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. C. hILL, Capt. JOHN ~. BRADSHAW, Major, Commanding Regiment. Acting Assistaut Adjutant-General, Second Brigade. No. ~4. Report of Miaj. Charles Burgess, Ninth iYew York Heaxy Artillery, oJ operations September 19. HEADQUARTERS NINTH Nuw YORK ARTILLERY, September 27, iRGI. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report that this re~imnent took an active part iii the engagement oim the Opequon Cmeek omi time 19th instant, with the loss of 2 officers wounded, %i enhiste(i nicim killed, 3G wonmmded, and nomme missing, time miomimimmal list of the same beimig in- closed.* I Imave time hommor further to report that the regiment took no ))art in time engagenments omm FiNl lull hay guard at time hospital. ~ieis in~ been detailed as a Respectfully, your obediemit servant, CITAS. BURGESS, Lient. JOHN A. GUMP, ]lkjor, Commanding. Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gem, Second Brig., Third Div., Sixth Corps. (linitted Page 256 266 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. LOn?. LV. No.65. Report of Ahsj. Jews W. Snyder, 36th Yew rode Heaq Artillery, of operations October 19. lfr.ADQUARTns NINTH NEW YORK ARTILLERY, October 26,1864. Sn: [have the honor to reportthe following operations of the Ninth New York Artillery in the battle of Cedar Creek, Va, October 19, 1864: Our regiment was aroused at daylight by musketry on the extreme left of our line and in front of the Eighth Corps. I immediately ordered the men under arms. Lieutenant Wiley, of Colonel Wetters staff, corn- mancUng Second Brigade, rode up and ordered the regiment into line. We formed line in front of our camp, stacked ns, struck tents, and slung knapsacks. The sick were sent to the rear and, as the sailor would say, the decks were cleared for action. We immediately moved off by the htflank byfileright, forming a line perpendicular to the first line, and~ to the rear. At this time Colonel Keifer, com-. manding brigade, succeeded to the command of the Third Division, General Bicketta being wounded, and Colonel Ball took command of the brigade. I was then ordered to move the regiment by the left flank to the ground in front of our camp, and after halting a few minutes I was ordered to countermarch by the left flank, and moved out and formed a line parallel and wine 150 yards to the right and rear of our first line. From this position we opened fire and held in check the rebels who were advancing upon the knoll near our camp. At this time we were on the right of the brigade, with no connection on our right, and after a few volleys we were ordered to fall back and take a position on a knoll some 200 yards to the rear of this line. Here we again opened fire upon the enemy, whose colors could be distinctly seen be-. tireen us and our camp, as they advanced. At this point their fire was very severe, but we returned compliment for compliment in the shape of leaden bullets. The ground was literally covered with our killed and wounded, but we contested the ground inch by inch until an aide from the brigade commander ordered us to fall back below the crest of the hill, which we did in good order. At this moment General Wright, commanding the army in the absence of General Sheridan, rode up and ordered me to advance and hold the crest. Whe command for- ward was given. The men responded with a cheer, and advanced with enthusiasm, under a galling fire in front and upon our flanks. The balance of the brigade having fallen back, and there being no con- nection on our right, our flank was left etposed to a severe cross-fin from the rebel columns, which had got almost in our rear. Captain Dudrow, on the brigade staff; rode up aain and ordered me to fall back. I pointed him to General Wright, saying, Therneral has ordered me to holdthis crest, and I shallobey his orderp. Ourfire, in the meantime, being delivered with so much spirit, had checked the advance of the rebels, and gave the troops In our rear a cljance to form a line. The line beingformed we were ordered to fall back, and march- ing by the rear rank at a left oblique we joined the Pint Division on our right. We then halted, faced to the frotatin a road or lane, and Immediately moved by the left flank into a piece of woods about half a mile to the left. There we halted, faced to the front, and sent forward about seventy men as skirmishers under command of Lieutenants Flynn and Parrish. Again, under orders, we feil back and marched b Page 257 Gun. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY (JAXPAIOt. 257 the right oblique neari. a mile, when our brigade joined the Beoond Division on our let We~en thced to the front and the whole line advanced, taking position about one mile and a quarter north of Middle- ton. There we threw together a breast-work of rails which we occupied from 10.30 t m. till 3.30 p. in., when the whole line was orderedto advance through apiece of woods, which we did in good order, the One hundred and twenty-second Ohio being on our left. When we were neatly through the wood and about to emerge into an open field on our right a heavy fire of musketry and shell was poured into us and caused our whole line to waver. At first a portion of our left fell back, but they were soon raffled, and pushed forward and drove the rebels about three~quarters of a mile, until they, taking position behind a stone wall, disputed our advance for more than an hour. A portion of my command, having gained a stone wall running perpendicular to the wall behind which the enemy was posted, delivered an enfilading fire, which threw them into confusion and finally into a perfect rout Their officerti tried in vain to rally them, while my men, cheered with the prospect of victory, pressed on after the retreating fos, driving them don through the ravine on the north side of thepike, and halted not till our colors were planted first upon the parapet of the rifle-pits in front of the NinetOsuth Corps. Mention of individual bravery would seem superfino for both offices and men did their duty, with one exception, Lient. Weston E. Allen, Company F, who, having claimed to have been wounded in the early part of the engagement, left his company and went to Winchester, where he was found two days after, not having reported to any surgeon nor having any appearance of a wound upon is person. Some 400 men, recruits, who were never under fire beforein fact, never had arms in their hands only 1~om Harpers Ferry to this place. fought splendidly and behaved like veterans. It is due to the memory of Lient. Orrin B. Carpeuter, Company D, who was killed in the early part of thee to say that although suffering long from fever,, and but just a e walk, and having been repeatedly urged for weeks before to go to hospital, invariably requested to remain with his company, and when the battle commenced was found in line iiith his men. He was shot through the heart by a rebel sharp- shooter while doing his duty, and now fills a patriots grave. Peace be to his ashes. Lieutenant Oldswager, Company N, but just promoted from the ranks three days before, was killed by a cannon ball when we advanced upon the crest. He was a noble and brave officer, and never flinched from duty. Captain Howard was instantly killed by a canon ball, the last shot that was fired from the rebel guns as we made the last advance near the Middletown and Strasburg pike, and when viotoq had crowned our efforts. He died as all brave soldiers die, with his lace toward the enemy, and will long be remembered as one of Americas bravest sons. The corrected list of killed and wounded is as follows: Kiiledoffi- rers, 3; enlisted men, 40; total, 43. Woundedofficers, 5; enlisted men, 160; total, 165. I have the honor, sir, to be, your obedient servant, W. SItTYDEB, Major, ConsuMing RIntk Row York M1Wer~. flaptain BRtwrAw, Aotft.g Meiflout A@tant4M.c, Page 258 258 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. FCHAP. LV. No. 66. Reports of Lieut. (i~ol. Otho H. Binidey, One handred and tenth Ohio In fantry, of operations September 1922 (end October 19. HEADQUARTERS 110TH OHIo VOLUNTEERS, Camp in the Field, lfa,, September 27, 1864. LIEUTENANT: in obedience to orders from headquarters Second Bri- gade, Third Divisioii, Sixth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the One hundred and tenth Re ojinent in the engagements of the Opequon and Fishers Hill: On the 19th of September, at 2 a. in., by command of Col. J. Warren Keifer, commanding Second Brigade, the One hundred and tenth iReg- uncut, under my command, broke camp at Clifton, and with the bal- ance of the brigade, marched toward Winchester. After crossing the Opequon and arriving within two miles and a half of the latter place lines of battle were formed, the One hundred and tenth being the extreme right of the second line of the Second Brigade ammd c& nnecting on its left with the One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Itegiment. About two hours after we had formed the Nineteenth Corps came up and formed on prolongation on our right. About 12 m. the order was given to advance. We charged time enemys lines, (iriving them back until, by some means, the connection on our right was broken, and we, in turn, were compelled to fall back a short distance. At this juncture the First Division, which had been held in reserve, came up to oar slil)port. We then, by direction of Colonel Keifer, took a position under lire a little farther to the left, when I threw out a strong skir- mish line, under command of Captain Shehlenberger, sufficient to cover the whole front of the brigade. Skirmishing was kept up for about two hours, wheim we were informed by General Sheridan, who came riding along our lines, that Averehls cavalry had succeeded in turning the enemys left. We then charged with the balance of the line, coin- pletely routing the emiemny. My skirmishers passed through Win- chester, driving the enemny before them and then rejoined the regi- ment on Winchester Heights, with the loss of only one man wounded. After dark we marched through Winchester and rested for the night near the city. In this engagenment Captains Van Eaton and Trimnble and Lientenamits Simes and Deeter were severely wounded; the latter has since died of his wounds; also 7 enlisted men killed and 43 wounded. On the morning of the 20th we resumed our march and arrived near Strasbnrg, a distance of eighteen miles, iii time afternoon, and found the emmemy in strong position on Fishiers hill. In the afternoon of the 21st the regiment, with the balance of the brigade, took a positioli about three niiles to the right of ~trasburg and during the night threw up breast-works. On the 22d, at about 12 in., the left wing of the regi- ment, under command of Major Spangler, was placed omi the skirmish line. Skirmishing was kept up until about 2 oclock, when the line made a charge and took the hill in front, which they held until even- in~ when a orand chmroe was made and the enemy driven at every point. They ran in wild confusion, heaving everything behind them, and were followed all night. Both officers and men beh ved well, some of them performing deeds of valor seldoni excelled. Lient. iRobert XV. Wiley, of Company B, actimig aide-dc-camp to the colonel commanding, with William Wise and Ehias A. Barr, of Company I, an(i 0. A. Ashbrook, of Company I Page 259 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 259 One hundreu and tweiity-sixth Ohio Volunteers, captured one captain and twenty men at one time. The reginient captured four pieces of artillery. 1 have the hoiior to be, very resJ)eetflllly, your obe(lient servaut, 0. ii. I3INKLEY, 1tea tena at- Cob itd iloth Ohio Vobtnteers. Eteid. JOHN A. (-uxip, Acty. Asst. Adjt. (1cm, ;2d Brig., 3d Dir., uth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS 110TH OHio VOLUNTEERS, Camp at Cedar Creek, Va., November 2, 1864. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders I have the honor to report the following part taken bythe One hundred and tenth ileglinent in the battle of Cedar Creek: Just before daylight o the 19th of October tiring was heard along our picket-hues. I ~ oider of Colonel Keifrr, the One hundred and tenth Regiment. ~ ith the balance of the brigade, was immediately put under arms and awaited orders. In about an hours time it was dis- covered that the enenix Ii id succee(le(I in turaing the left of the Eighth Corps, having taken it by surprise, and that the whole line, together with that of the Muetteuth Corps, was rapidly giving way. The Sixth Corps was oio1emed up to) check the a(lvancing foe, the Second Brigade forming the rughi of the line anti the One hundred and tenth Regiment forming the extreuiue right of the brigatle. We advanced to a stone wall, near corps headquarters, where we were met by a severe fire from the front and from the left flank. The destructiveness of the fire and the falling back of the broken lines in our front caused us to fall back a short distance and become temporarily detached from the brigade. The enemy continued to advance and the regimnemit, with others, fell back slowly, making frequent stands in order to check his advance as much as possible, until we reached a point where a decisive stand could be made. We continued to move back in this manner for about a mile, when we rejoined the brigade and with it moved back to where the final stand was made. At about 3 p. in. the One lumudred and tenth Reo-imnent and a detachment of the One hm~ndred and thirty- eighth Pennsylvania Regiment, under my corn inand, were deployed as skirmishers and a(ivanced toward the edge of the woods, in which the Third Division was then lying. About 5 oclock I received orders to advance the skirmish line, which I did, the lines of battle in rear advancing at the same time. After advancing about 400 yards the whole of both lines halted. Rapid firing was kept imp for some time, when we again a(lvauced across a corn-field, where the hues anain halted and continiie(h firing until the cimemny gave way along the whole hue. The One hundred and tenth, with the balance of the trool)s, followed the retreatimug and demoralized foe uuutil we reached our old camp from which we had been (Irivemin in the morning. In the operations of the (lily the regiment lost 5 enlisted men killeol and 27 wounded. During the early part of the engagement Capt. W. Devenney, while nobly disehargimug his (luty, fell nortally woiinol eli. Captai a Shehlen- i)crger was slightly wouuuded late in the day. Roth officers and men behave(h with marked coolness and bravery during the whole engagemnent. One of the enemys battle-flags fell int Page 260 260 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ow. LV. the hands of a member of Company K, but was toward given up to an officer of a I*w York regiment in the Nineteenth Corps who claimedtohavetheflrstrlqhttOit. .1 have the honor to remain, very respectfufl5, ~ur obedient servant, LieutesastAJolonCi 110th Ohio Volunteers, Gomig. Regiment. Capt J. 3. BRADSHAW, Aetg. Asat. A4Jt. Ge.., 24 Brig., 841*., 6th Army Cosys. No. 07. Report of Cot. William H. Ball, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio l4fanfl; of operations Sqtem)er 19-22. 122D Omo VoLUNTrn INFANTRY, HEADQUARTERS Harrieonburg, Va., September *7,1864. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by my regiment in the late engagements at the Opequon and at Fishers Hill, the 19th and 2M instant: ~~~O~ehnndredandtwenty-5OCOfld Ohio Volunteer Infantq marched from Clifton at 2 o?olook the morning of the 19th and formed in them- ond line, two miles and a half west of the Opequon, near the Berryville road, the One hundred and t6nth Ohio Volunteer Ihtliiatry on my right, the Ninth New York Heavy Artillery on my left. At noon the regi- ment, with the brigade, advanced upon the enemy, withthe guide to the left. While advancing through the open woods our lines were shefled with great accuracy by two rebel batteries occupying positions to our left. In passing through the woods the One hundred and tenth Ohio became detached, leaving my regiment the right of the rear line of the brigade. A few moments after w6 came upon the open field in front, the rebel line broke, and both inf~mntry and artillery were in foil and speedyretreat toward Winchester. My regiment, in common with those in front and on my left, pressed after the retreating line. The troops on my right were checked and driven back by the enemy, posted in a wood hillnear inpright Wemoved on2 passed that wood, crossed a deep ravine to a corn-field, where, there being no connection on my nght, I posted fifty men to guard my flank; then I moved on, until finding a space of 600 yards unoccupied on my right, I halted the two regiments, and the rebels, shortly after, making some demonstrations ~t a third piece of woods, I changed front, by throwing back my right, so as to correspond withthe rebel position. We had occupied this Rosition but a short time, when a column of troops, partl concealed by intervening corn, movedupfrom the rebel left bearing theU. 8. flag, and took posi- tion at the skirt of the woods in front of my line. Innuediately quick firing opened from that line, the discharges being apparently toward the rebel rear. No bullets came toward us, and no other troops were in front of that line. I immediately ordered the troops with me to advance to support that line, having imo doubt it was composed of Fed- eral troops closely engaged with the enemy. On advancing some fifty paces we received an active fire from that direction, but supposing it to be the fire of the enemy from beyond we continued to advance until I discovered the fijewas directly from thatline. that a free ~as rnovhmg 4ow~ the nwtno to our right w4 rear, Rn4 Page 261 CHAP. LV.] TIlE SIIENANDOAU VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 2(31 k~rce in front was to detain us iii ii cut oft, alI(1 every regiment having disappeared from the front and left. Ii ordered the regiment to retire to an elevation behind the raviiie. With other troops, the regiment again advanced to the line from whhh we ha(l retired, and tlieie remained under tire of sharpshooters an hour or two; tli en advanced with the line (there being but one line) toward Winchester, ~11(1 assisted in (uS- ~)ersing the rebel army on the plain north of Winchester then moved with the division to the heights of Winchester; thence to the town southward to bivouac. On the 20th marched to position near Strasbnrg. On the 21st moved with the corps to the right, a.n(l occupie(1 a l)ositioll between Fishers I lill and the mountain, where we intrenched. On the 22d, at noon, marched by the right flank half a mile, then to the front to a lull near the rel)ei line. The left wino- of the regiment was detached for the skir- mishi line under Lieutenant-Colonel C ranger. Three additional (letach- ilients were sent to the skirmish line, elnl)racillg all the remainino- line officers an(l enlisted men of my reThoent. Skiriuishiiig was shari) (hav- ing the advance. When the rel)cl left was turned by General Crook the regiment charged, with the brigade, upon the breast-works in our front; a~siste(l in routing the enemy and chasing hhu till (lark. My ohicers aiid men conducted themselves splendidly on both the 19th and 22d. I beg leave to iiame Sergt. Daniel Shook, of -Company C. as hiavin _ exhibited distinguishing energy aiud courage in 1)0th e1lL~aL~emeiits. Xcix- respeittnhlx-, yonr obedient servant XV. ir. BALL, ci utenan t (A-lIMP (~)iO net, Corn in (in ding. iNo. ;8. J?port of fleid. Cot. Ifoses ilL Granqer, One ltwn(Ire(i (fn(i t?(CUt!/-sCcond 0k in [n/a nti~, 0/ 01w/((tions October 19. I IFAIHLARTERS 1221) OHio VOLVNTFYEIi iNFANTnY, Nmnem her 7, 1(-aVI. CAPTAIN I have the honor to transmit the toihowing report of the Operations of thi is regiment in the battle of ( edar Creek, iii the 1 9th of October, 18(4: I was arouse(l at daybreak on that morning- by the sound of heavy mnsketry on the extreme heft of the am iv, ail(l at once ordere(h the regi- nient nuder arias; forimmed line, stacked antis, caused the men to pack flinch- tents alI(l knapsacks, and sent time reo-imenta,i pack animals to time reat- and the headquarters tents, & c., to the brigade wagons. By time time this was doime Colonel Ball, who had succeeded to the command of the bi-igade, moved his command by the right flank several huiiimdred Yar(ls in the (hirection of Middleh)wlm, a 11(1 thieii, l)y order, retarimed to camp. By this time the enemy had succce(he(l in (Irivaig- the portion of onr threes elm gaged to the west side of the turnpike, and ballets began to fall on oar gi-ound, an(l but a few moments had passed when we wei-e again marched by the right flank toward Middletown. When just l eyon (1 Sixth Corps headqnarters tIme brigade halted an(t faced to the right, bringing- time rear rank in front, the One lmaimd i-ed and twent Page 262 262 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CHAP. LV second being in the front line, with the One hundred awl tenth 011 its right and the One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio on its left. Bejiw ordered to take the hill near General Sheridans headquarters, the line moved forward and my regiment crossed the creek and began to ascend the opposite slope. A part of the Nineteenth Corps passing to the rear in a mass struck the right of my regiment and the left of the One mmii- dred an4 tenth at the white house near General Wrights headquar- ters, and the brigade became divided in two parts. The order for the advance was countermanded and I recrossed the creek, and, following the direction taken by the One hundred amid twenty-sixth Ohio, torlne(l oii the right of that regiment in hue with the First Brigade behind the crest of the hill north of headquarters Third Division, Sixth Corps, but immediately advanced to the crest of the hill, driving back the enemy, who had followed us closely. He fell back in haste and disorder across the ravine and beyond the opposite hill, leaving several prisoners in our hands. Retaining for a time the position thus gained, and having no enemy on our front, we directed our fire with some effect upon a column of rebels then marching through our camp-ground in the direc- tion of the extreme right. Meanwhile, another body of the enemy advanced on the left and appeared On a ridge to our left and rear. Observing the remainder of the Second Brigade in good line, several hundred yards to the right and a little to the rear of oimr thenposition, we faced about and marching to the left oblique, passed through a heavy cross-fire, that occasioned many of the casualties hereinafter re- ported, and rejoined the brigade. The brigade then moved under orders and with steadiness to the rear and found a line formed along a lane and protected by hastily piled rails, and shortly before 9 a. m. took position ou the left of this line in a wood. About 9.30 a. in. time whole line was marched near a mile to the rear, then to the right (that is, toward the turnpike), we being faced to the rear, forming a connection with the Second Division, Sixth Corps, and then to the front again, taking 1)Ositiou aboumt 10 a. nm. about one mile and a quarter north of Middletown. here the Sixth Maryland was on my left and time Ninth New York Heavy ~Artillery1 on my right. No fir- ing occurred on or from my line from about a quarter before 9 a. ni. until the general advance in the afternoon. About 3.30 the line advanced, but the guide being to the left, before the extreme right was felt by the enemy he had detected our movement and we received a heavy fire of botlm nnmsketry and shell from a force posted in a wood 011 our might. Under this fire a portion of the troops on the right belonging, I simppose, to the First Division were sonmewhmmt disordered, being most exposed to the cross-fire, and part of the Second Division, omm our left, began to move rapidly to the rear. This caused first, hesitation; next, a retrograde movement of our line; but order was almost immediately restored and the advance resumed. The enemy endeavored to hold fist to a stone fence on our front about three-quarters of a mile north of Middletown, and succeeded in delaying us for from twenty to thirty mitnmtes, bitt advantage being taken of a transverse fence and a suddeim and very heavy fire opened on him from the front amid partially front the flank he fled with precipitatiomi, and notwithstanding several efforts to reform his lines under cover of the well-directed fire of a battery planed near Middletown he was carried steadily backward until night-fall foumid us on the bamik of Cedar Creek with our foe fleeing in utter rout before our cavalry. Pursuant to orders, my regimemit at once reoccupied its camp. A leave of absence for Capt. Gilbert II. Bargar had arrived on the evening of the 18th and was giv& 5u him on the morning of the 19t Page 263 CHAP. Lv.) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 2C3 without my imagining he would leave the field, but he almost imme- diately, without my observing it, left his company and proceeded to Winchester. Before his leave expired an order honorably discharging hiiu from the service on tender of his resignation was received, and I am unable to notice his conduct of the 19th ultimo save in this manner. With this exception, my officers and much the greater part of my men, both volunteers and (irafted, behaved with gallantr , an(I well (leserve their share of the thanks given by the President aIl(i the country Pu the glorious victory of that day. I regret that I must report the death on the field of First Licut. Thomas Kilburn, a most faithful officer, and the dalgeu)us wounding of second Lieut. Edward Ii. Billiard. Major Cornyn and Eieuteiants Power and Blondin were struck, but continued on duty. The casualties of the regiment, as corrected to date, are: Killed aid died of woundsofficers, 1; men, 3 total 4. Woundedofficers, 4; men, 31; total, 85. Missingmen, 6. Aggregate, 45. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, MOSES M. GliAN(WR, Lieu tenant- Colonel. Corn man dinq. Capt. J. J. BRADSHAW, Aetinq Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Bnqade. Permit me to refer to two incidents, each of interest to my regiment. Private Leander McClurg, Company F, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, was one of the first to cross the stone fence, w-h~ere the enemy had attempted to check our advance, and captured a flag which a wounded rebel told him was the flag of the Forty-foiirth (rebel) XTirginia Iztegiment. MeCI nrg continued to advance, bearing the color, but it was forced from him by an officer of our service whose name and regiment I have been unable to learn, the officer usino threats and taking advantage of his rank. The colors of the One hun- (Ired and twenty-second Ohio Regiment were the first, except those of the Sixty-seventh Peiinsylvania Volunteers, planted on the works thrown up by the Nineteenth Corps, an(1 which had been captured by the enemy in the morning. Again, your obedient servant, MOSES M. GTIANGER, Lient. Col. 122d Ohio loin nteer Infantry, Comdq. kegirnent. No. 69. Reports of Capt. Georqe W. Iloge, One hundred and twenty- sixth Ohio hfantry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. hEADQUARTERs 126TH OHIo VOLUNTEERS, In the Field, September 26, 1864. Sin: In conml)hiamlce with directions of this date from time head quar- ters of the brigade, I have respectfully to report the operations of my comnmand at the late elmgagemmmemmts at time Opequon amid Fisimers lull, as lfllows. to wit: The regiment emitered into time battleof the 19th instant forming the extremne left of the first line of battle of the brigade. It a(lvance(l with the line over the open fields, charging upon that part of the enemys line in the ravine, a few rods east of s house, driving it in nnmc Page 264 2(~4 oPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ciix~. Lv. confusion and taking many plisoners. The advance was continued to a point a few rods beyond the house (the left of the regiment passilig ~ust to the right of it); where the line halte(l; after which it continued iii the line and participated in the final and victorious advance in the evening. Lient. Col. A. W. Ebright, in the early part of the action soon after the rebel line was brokeii, fell, killed by a musket-ball Diere- in~ his breast while gallantly leading his regiment; also Capt. Thomas J. Hyatt, ever conspicuous for his valor on the field, and Licut. Rufus Ricksecker, bravely leading his company in his first battle, were killed near where the colonel fell. The strength of the regiment engaged was 11 officers and al)ollt 270 enlisted men (30 of whom were skirmishers). The loss, 3 officers and 9 men killed, and 3 officers and 37 men wounded, and 2 men missing. On the 21st instant, in the vicinity of Fishers Hill, in the movement of the corps toward the right, under an order from the colonel cont- mnanding the brigade, I moved the rcgimnent rapidly forward to aid our skirmishers to drive back those of the enemy who were strongly poste(1 behind rail defenses. On advancing through a WOO(I the right of the line was suddenly met by a galling lire from the fiont and right, when a portion of the men (many of them inexl)erienced soldiers) commenced firing, upon which the line halted. The right of the line, resting on open ground, being much exposed and suffering terribly without the ability to inflict munch loss on the enemy, temporarily gave way, but was easily rallied a short (listammee to the rear~ all(l soon after, otimer troops (omning up and extendimg time line to the right, we again advanced and the enemy was driven from his positiomm. rhine loss in this affair was 4 enlisted men killed and 17 wounded. On the 22d instant the regiment formed the extremne left of the line of battle of the brigade in time advance of time division to the position it occupied near the enemys works at the time his left was turned. Soon after the attack by Gemmeral Crooks comumand was begun, that portion of the enemny in our front having comumnemmced innoving to the relief of that part of his forces emigaged, to prevemit tIme object I took torwardi a part of the regiment, by order of the colommel commanding the brigade, and made a feint of charging his works. This feint had the hesiredl effect, for the. rebels were soon seemin hurriedly retumniming, some into their works, but mnore rushing panic-stricken to the ream. Soon after the regiment moved forward in the grami charge muade by the (hivisioll and did its part iii wilimmimig the glorious victory of that (lay. The loss was I officer shigh tHy wonuuhe(l and 2 enlisted miuen killed and S wollnde(l. 1mm these actions the officers amid mcii behaved well, amid the drafted itiemi (some fifty of whonin had joined the regiment as late a~ the 2d instant) viedi with the oldi soldiers in dlee(ls of valor, aIm(l deserve great credit for the manner imi whichi they acqmmitte(l thcmnsehves. The command of the regiment (lev~dv((l 111)011 me on the death of Colonel Ebright. Accompammyimmg tlmis report, as directed, I forward a nonminal hist* ol thre casualties occurriuing in the f~cooiino emigagemnents. The loss of so many l)rave mnen is deeply to be regrettedi. I have the honor to be, very respectfidhy, your obedient servauint, C. W. HOGE, Captain, 126th Ohio Ioluntee~s, (0)ftflW.fl (lilly Beqiment. Licut. ~IOHN A. (+UMP, Acty. Asst. Adjt. (Thin., Second Brig., Third Dir., Sixth Corps. L1111(di1 iii lahies, pp. 113, 12in Page 265 (1~IAr~ LV. THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 265 HEADQUARTERS 126TH OHIO VOLUNTEERS, November 3 1864. CAPTAIN: in obedience to instructions receive(1 flout headquarters of the brigade. I have the honor to submit the folJowiii~ report of the part taken by this regiment in the engagement of October 1 9 at this place: At about daylight, the Eighth and Nineteenth Co~ ~s having been attacked by the enemy, the regiment, less two commissioned officers and 100 men then on picket duty, was ordered under arms at once, an(1 after some maneuvering in changing and rechanging the line was ordered to advance. Under this order we crossed the creek near our 1)resent camp, and having tl(IVanced but a feiw~ yards be- yond it, were ordered to fall back to the crest we had previousl~~ occupied. Ia this crossing an(I recrossing the stream the re~iment was thrown into considerable coninsiomi, an(l order could iiot be mc- stored until after passing the crest in our rear. Here tIme regiment engaged the advancing columns of the enemy, whose progress was sensibly checked at this point until the gradual failing back of our line to the point where a I)ermanemmt stan(l was made by the corps. From this place the regiment moved with time brigade and division to the left amid into the woods, resting a.bo~mt an hour, then moved in line of battle to time rear a short distamice, then to the left, all(I agaiu to the front. Having advanced in line a short distance, a line was estab- lished and stren gtlmem jed b v logs, rails, & c., behind which we lay until about i.30 oclO(k, whemi the line was ordered to a(lVance upon time enemy. In this advance time regiment farmed the extreme right of time 1)riga(le ammd was increased by time officers alm(l about twenty mcmi of time 1)icket guard. After comm 5i( lerable mesi sta nec, time emmemny smI(ldenly and unaccountably gave way and retreate(1 precipitately an(I in coim- fusion over time ground they had gainc(l by our temuporary reverse, and were followed by our line in as quick timime as possible to the works occupied by time Eighth Corps in the immoriming. it being now dark, we returimed to time position we occupied at time commencement of the battle, and having ohlected time dead and wounded, friend and foe, in our vicinity, went quietly iuito camp. Very respectfully, your obediem mt servant, Captain, 1-~2Gt1, Oh IQ 1 Olll.UtC()s, (ommandinq ImYqi,nent. Capt. A. J. iJ3RADsIIAw, IAtt/. ASNt i (l,It (Ci/.~ II~bpx. 3d 140/7 Id NH, (ith A. (I ~tatemnemmt of casualties ii time regi iii cim t i mm time cmi gagemmiemml (11 Octo- her 19, 1564: Kihledcumhisted mmmcmi 4 Woummdedoiiieers, 1. cim listcd nmcmm, 14. .M issuingcu I istc(l mmmcmi. 4. A ggicgatc, 22. No. 70. Repott.~ of Lient. John. F. Young, ASiJtq-Necentl? Pennsylvania Ii(/an try, of operations Neptem twr i92,/ (Hid October 19. LID R8. SIXTY-sEVENTH BEHT. l~ENNSYLVANIA VOLS., & pte.mnbcr 27, i~61. LIEITENANT : Iii commipi iamm cc with or(l ems, (latch Inca dquarters Sccommd Ilrigmmdc, Third 1)ivmsiomm, Six iii Army (iimps, Septenihem 26, 1864, call Page 266 266 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CHAP. LX. ing for a report of the part taken by the Sixty-seventh Regiment Penn- sylvania Volunteers in the late engagements at the Opequon and Fishers Hill, I have the honor to submit the following: The regiment broke camp about 2 a. in. September 19, 1864, near Berryville, Va., and taking up the line of march, left in front, in the column of the brigade, about an hour later, moved in the direction of Winchester, Va. After a stea(ly march of about three hours it reached the Opequon Creek, which was crossed as rapidly as possible. A short delay ensued at this point, when the regiment again moved forward, and after marching about one mile and a halt, fornie(l line of battle on tIme right of the brigade in the first line, and threw out fifty men, in charge of Acting Lientemmant Clarke, as skirmishers. There were no troops at this time on the right of the regiment. Brisk skir- mishing began as soon as the line was formed, and the skirmish line advanced about 500 yards, driving the enemy before it. About 10 a. in. the Nineteenth Army Corps came up and formed line of battle on the right some 300 or 400 yards in the rear. Nearly an hour elapsed before the skirmish line of that corps connected with the skirmishers in front of the regiment. Between 11 and 12 m. the line, guiding left, charged and drove the enemy about a mile, when it was discovered that the I~ineteenth Army Corps no longer connected with the regiment on the right, but had separated from it, leaving an interval of about 500 yards, and that the enemy were taking advantage of the break in our line. The troops on the left of the Nineteenth Army Corps had already been flanked and were giving way in confusion. The regiment continued to advance, however, umitil the whole brigade began to fall back, when the order to march in retreat was given. I may mention that at the time the line began to fall back the regiment was within a few hundred yards of a battery of the enemy, which they were endeavoring to (Iraw away by hand, a part of which, at least, would undoubtedly have been cap- tured had it not been for the break in the line mentioned above. When the regimemit attempted to fall back it was found imupossible- to do so in any other way than to the left, along the line, as the enemy had an enfiladimig fire omm the Line and were almost in its rear. The regiment fell back to the Winchester and Berryville turnpike, where it was rallied, and again advanced to within easy range of the enemys line where it was halted over an hour. About 4 or 5 p. in. skirmishers were again thrown forward and another advammee was made. With the exception of a brief halt on the edge of the plain near Wimichester, the regimnent advanced steadily with the line front the point last mentioned until it reached the heights at Winchester; it then rested for a short time, whemi it moved by the thank through time town of Wimmehester and bivouacked for the night about two miles south of that place. Durimig this engagement the regiment lost 9 killed, 28 wounded, and 4 missing. On the 20th instant the regiment again resumed the march in the column of the brigade and reached Strasbnrg the same day. About 1 p. m. on the 2lstinstaiit, there giment again took up the line of march and moved toward the left of the enemys lines at Fishers Hill. Owing to the mesistance made by the enemy it did not reach the poimmt where it halted during the night until between 9 ammd 10 p. m. A portion of the night and of the morning following were consumed imi erecting breast-works. On the morning of the 22d instant, about it oclock, the regimuemit formed line of battle, with the One hundred and tenth Ohio Volunteers on the right and the One hnndred and thirty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers on the heft, and advanced to and occupied a hill within a few hundred yards of the enemys line of works. I Page 267 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 267 remained at this point under the lire of the enemys sharpshooters until about ( p. m. A charge was theii made upon the enemy, who tied in great confusion from their works. III a fort on the line of the enemys works, whicli the regiment was among the first to reach, was captured a cannon, and a little farther on some twelve or fifteen prisoners, iii- cltidiiig a colonel. The pursuit was e%)ntillued with the gieatest vi()or utitil mglit, which close(l the contest, fouml the colors of t1it~ reoi~ nient l)lante(l on the turnl)ike leading from Winchester to Staunton. The regiment lost 1)llt seven mcii wonn(led dnring this days engage- iiient. T aiti, lieutenant, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN F. YOUNG, First Lieut. and Adjt., (omdg. 67th Regiment Pennsylvania Vols. Lient. JOHN A. Gui~ip, Acty. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 24 Brig., 3d Mv., 6th Armq Corps. HDQ R 8. SIXTY-SEVENTH REGT. PENNSYLVANIA \OLS., Aorember 25, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following, in compliance with circular (late(l headquarters Second Brigade, Third IL)ivision, Sixth Army Corps, November , 18(54, calling for a report of the part taken by my command in the battle of Cedar Creek V October, 1864: , a., on the 19th day of The regiment on that day was encamped on a ridge near Cedar Creek, N a., ~n(l connected with the One hundred and thirty-eighth 1~ennsyl- vania Volunteers on the right and a regiment of the Nineteenth Army Corps on the left. About daylight a heavy (liseharge of musketry was heard in the direction of that l)art of the line held by the Eighth Army Corpsthe left. The regiment was immediately placed under arms. Orders to that effect were receive(1 80011 after, and were followed by orders to l)ack up, the firing iii the meantime continuimig-, omily much nearer than when first heard and farther to the rear on the left flank of our lines. A dense fog prevailed, which lasted from daylight mm Lii about 14.) a. in., rendering it impossible to see farther tha~~ a couple of hundred yards. About 6 a. m. the regimemmt, in pursuance of orders, moved by the right flank, following the Omme hundred an(i thirty-eighth Penusyl- vanma Volunteers severa.l immmndred yards in the directiomm froui which the firing l)roceeded, when it was ordered to right-about and return double quick to the ground originally occupie(l. This order had Imardly been comnplied with when orders were again received to muove in the same direction, as on the occasion first mentioned. After reaching a l)oimlt several lmnndred yards in time rear of the house occupied by Gemi- eral Sheridan as his headquarters line of battle was formed, with the One hummdred and thirty-eighth Penmisylvania Volunteers on the rig-lit. It may be mentioned here that but little over omme-haif the regimnemit was present, a picket detail of 100 mnen, with the proper numuber of offi- cers, having been taken troiu it the Jay before, which had not yet been relieved. At this time the enemy was advancing in our front and on the left flank. Tile line of battle just alluded to had scarcely becim. formed when the troops immediately in front fell back through our ranks in considerable confusion, closely followed by the enemy. The regiment, however, maintained its line, though not without losimmg some mmmen, who were carried back with the crowd which kept pouring to til Page 268 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., \V. VA., MD., ANI) PA. CHAP. LV. rear, and shortly afterward, about 9 a. in., itiade au advance of about 20() yards beyond a ditch, fiom which it drove the enemy, capturing fourteen prsoners. it remained at this point about twenty minutes, when ,flnd- in g itself nn supported either on the right or left, and that the enemimy was rapidly tinning the left tin mk of the anny, it was obliged to fall back. Front this time until the line was relorme(1 on a roa(l al)out a mile in. the rear of where it was originally formed the regiment fell back slowly, rallying and firing a~s often as an atternf)t by any part of the line was made to (10 so. The ground over which it fought was undulating in its character and entirely free from timber. It was about 12 in. when the line was reformed as just mentioned. The regiment joined the, Ohio on the right an(1 the Sixth Maryland Volunteers on the left. Following the Sixth Maryhfnd, it moved by the left flank about half a mile in the direction of the Winchester turnpike, when it halted in a Iliece of woodlan(l alI(l threw up temporary breast-works. it remained at this point about half an hour, wliemi the whde briga(le moved about three-quartets ot a mile to the rear am!(l took ni~ another position. hut a few minutes elapsed until the brigade wtts again iii motion, and, moving by the left flank, it proceeded to a run withimt 200 or 300 yards of the Winchester turnpike. Line was then Pained and an advance made of about one mile. At this poimit,where the line halted, l)reast works of ~. a.mt(l rails were hastily constructed after which lo~s the troops emmjoyed a rest of about two hours. Abont 3 p. in. a general (nL~tnc( begami. IBy this time a large p()rtioml of the f)ieket detail macmi- tinimed above had succeeded, after m~tmich d~liicmhty, in oniino~ the regi- meimt. In the advamice whicht then emistied halF a mlmil( ~H Ii ips, hind beemi passed over when the line was met l)y a heavy Pm ( om mnu~ketry from the enemimy, who was posted behimtd a l)reast-work of tml~ on the edge of the woods through which we were a(lvancnm fhc time was returned with great spirit, and tlje line was still muovimmo forwird when some troops omt the left of the brigade (behomiging, 1 bdlmtv( to tlte Eighth Army Corps) gave way in confusmoim, wltich led to the bdmef that our lute was flanked, amid caused it to fall back to flit bi ( i~t works from which we started. The line was immediately retoimned mud the advance renewed tlte enemy was driven from the po~~mtiomt wInd hi lie held, and the line took up a positiou behmimid a stone femice m short dis- tamice beyond. there a halt of aliomithmalt amt hour occurremi (ltimimi( which time a hirisk tire was kept ill), wIt ichi, as was sitliseqimemi IN dm~( overed, inflicted upomin the enemny a severe loss. At time exI)iratlomi oh time timime imamned the line agnimi mmioveil forward, ehiargimig a iii drix 110 tIme enemy iii comitmisiomi frommi every Imositiomi lie attempted to 1101(1 nutml it ached the works w-hichi the ~xmneteemitlm Army Corps hind l)eelt comiipelle(1 to .ii)andon in time morning. The regimnemit iii this advance kept to the right of Middletown umitil it hind hiassed that hilace about 300 yards, wimemi it crossed over to left sidle of the turnpike. before reachimmg time ground occtipie(1 by our troops in time nmormiing it recrossed the pike, amid as the cavalry had already taken imp tIme h)utsnit of the flyimig enemy amtd miiglit was at hand, it l)iautedh its colors oit thme breast-works last above mmamne(h in advamice of all others, and awaited orders, ~ loss of the regiment imt this clays battle was 3 killed, 2ti wounded, ammdh I mimissing. Very respectfully, your oh ied ien t 5ci\ii mit, JOILN V. YOf7NG, Firxt Inca t. (01(1 A (Ijt., (o in 4g. ASmvtq-NC men tim Thu nsmji ma a ja I ~ois. Capt. ~I. T. RomWR, Acty. Asmmt. A oft. (I(n.. 24 Ihig., hi Dir., tih A run, Camps Page 269 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 269 No. 71. Reports of iiaj. Lewis A. May, One hundred and thirty-eighth Pennsyl cania Ifntry, of operations September 1922 and October 19. hEADQUARTERS 138TH PENNSYLVANIA \OLUNTEERS, September 27, k~G4. LIEUTENANT: In compliance with orders received, I have the honor to rel)ort the following operations of this command iii the engagements at the Opequon aI]d Fishers Hill: At 2 a. m. 19th instant we broke camp at Clifton and marched to the \\iiichester tllrn])ike. thence toward the Opequon, which we crossed shortly after (laylight, and formed in line of battle within two miles and- a half of Winchester. This regiment constituted a portion of the first line of the brigade, and when the advance was ordered moved l)romptly forward in connection with the Sixth Maryland and Sixty- seventh Pennsylvania regiments, on our right and left. When the lines of the corps fell back after the first charge the order of battle was preserved as well as could be, although some confusion existed. The trool)s were rallied, and when the grand advance was made we moved forward under a terrible fire of artillery and musketry, driving f lie rebels before ns, inflicting and ~nffering severe losses. We shared in the f)ursuit until darkness ensued, and bivouacked for the night in the outskirts of Winchester. During the engagement Coloiiel MeClen- nan. commanding the regiment on foot, became exhausted from the effects of overexertion and a late sickness, and was compelled to rehnqmsh the command to me, which I at once assumed. The behavior of both officers and men was highly creditable. Capts. J. S. Stuckey, James H. Walter, J. W. Feight. and Lent. J. P. iredell fell severely wounded in the engagement while in the gallant and I)rolnl)t l)eLformn- ance of their (luties. Our loss waskilled, 3; wounded, 4 officers and men missin o 3 On tl~e 20th the command mimarebed to near Strasburg, and on rhe 21st this (hivisioll moved to the extreme right, where, after c omisiderable skivnnshmng, a l)osltloIl was taken and fortified. On the 22d instant, about noon, we moved from our works to the right au(l advaticed Ill) a gnllv or ravine toward time rebel left, where we lay in front of a strong earth-work until about 5 p. in., when a charge was or(lered and mimade simultaneously with a mimovemnemit by the Eighth Comi s, which turned time ~ left flank and resulted in his utter rout., the capture of artillery, prisoners, a mnmunition, small-arms, & c., and a miother glorious dans army, with but trithin _ los victory for Slieri s. Our regiment bore an honomablc 1)art in this battle. Its colors remehed time rebel works third in omdu amid about seventy--fix e pmi~oimers were taken and accre(litt(l to it many others, however, were passed 1)y amni fell into tIme hamids of other trool)s, as the men ~x crc mo~e anxious lo follow up the pnm~nt of the thyimig enemy than to t um y n mth captures. I can recommend the officers and mcii of the emit ire regimnemit engaged fi~w genem ml oood conduct, in it would not attempt to single out in(liyidual cases of bmam~emx , for all particim ted with good v~ ill amid determination. Our losses Fishers Hill were 1 kilkd mmmd ) wounded. em x respectfully, yonr obedient serx mmt LEWIS A. MAY lient, ~. A. ~ iJThjor, Commanding Regiment. Acty. Asst. Bpig, Jd Dir -, 6th A rmi/ Corps. - Bn~ ;~~ 1P~4O tubh~ p 113 Page 270 270 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. LV. HEADQUARTERS 138TH PENNSYLVANIA YOLUNTEERS, November 22, 18G4. CAPTAIN: I have the lionor to report the foflowirig operations of my command ou the 1Jth day of October, 18(4, at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va.: While the troops were sleeping that memorable moritiug, and just before daylight, the enemy attacked the extreme left of our lines and became heavily eugaged with Crooks command oii the front aiid flank. The sound of cannon and musketry soon brought all hands to their posts, and in obedience to orders immediately afterward received from brigade headquarters the men were formed into line and arms stacked, in readiness for any emergency; shortly after tents were struck and everything packed up by orders from the same authority. The regi- ment, after marching and countermarching with the division, finally got a position, with the Ninth New York Artillery on the right and the One hundred and eighty-fourth New York Infantry on the left. The stragglers and scattered remnants of Crooks and some of Emorys com- mands now came rushing through our lines, and the rebels became numerous in our front. The engagement with our lines opened sharply and an advance was made for a short distance, but the withdrawal of other portions of the line made it necessary for us to (10 likewise. About 9 oclock the whole line retired a distance of some three-quarters of a mile,, when a respectable line was established behind a stone wall. We remained there about an hour when the entire line fell back about a mile, just beyond Middletown. An advance was made a short distance and a new and tolerably strong line formed in a.woods to the northwest of the town. IRail and other temporary works were thrown up by the troops, and this regiment, with the One hundred and tenth Ohio, was placed upon the picket-hue, commanded by Lient. Col. 0. II. Binkley. The firing on the skirmish line was kept up briskly, with a few casual- ties as a consequence in my regiment. About 3p. m. our lines advanced an~ after the skirmish line had been passed both regiments were ordered to join the advancing column, which they did as spee(hily as possible. Our lines suffered a temporary cimeck and we remained in one position al)out half au hour, when another general advance was made aimd the rebels were driven in confusion from our front. The pursuit was kept up until our old camping-grounds were reached, and afterward by the cavalry with glorious results. My regiment sustained the following casualties in the days engage- ment: Commissioned officers wounded, 4; enlisted men killed, ~ ;en- listed men wounded, 343; total, 42. First Lieut. J. A. Gump, acting assistant adjutant-general on the staff of the brigade (-olnulander, and Lieut. Samuel W. Cloward, Coin- pany C, were seriously wounded and have since died from their iu~juries. Both these officers are much lamented and their memory will be resl)ected by time entire regiment. Very respectftihly, your obedient servant, LEWIS A. MAY, ]Ifajor, Commanding Regiment. Capt. J. T. lIonuR, A ctg. Asst. A (jt. Gen., 24 Brig., ~Jd Dir., 6th A riny Corps Page 271 CHAP. LV.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 271 No. 72. Report of Col. Charles H. I omphins, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, commanding Artillery Brigade, of operations September 1922. HDQRS. ARTiLLERY BRiGADE, SiXTH ARMY Coi~ps, September 27, P64. MAJOR: I have the hoiior to submit the tollowiiig report of the i)art taken by this command in the engagements at the O))eqnoil and at Fishers Hill: As soon as the hues were established, First ~New York Thdependent Battery, First Lient. W. H. Johnson commanding, was placed in posi- tion on the right of the pike, near the right of the corps hue, and Fifth Maine, Capt. G. T. Stevens, on the left of First New York Battery; M, Fifth U. S. Artillery, Capt. James McKnight, and C, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, First Lient. J. H. Lamb commanding, were set~t across the ravine and placed in 1)ositionM, Fifth United States, on extreme left of corps line, and C, First Rhode Island, in corn-field, a short distance to the right of M, Fifth United States. In this position, out the first ad- vance of the lines, these four batteries opened fire on the eluemys bat- teries and infantry. As the lines were advanced these batteries were ordered forward, the two on the left directly to the front, while First New York Independent and Fifth Maine went on the right of the pike some 600 yards to the frotit and took position, the First New York to fire directly to the front and the Fifth Maine to fire to the right, to silence a battery of the enemy in front of the Nineteenth Army Corps. In this position the batteries on the right met the charge of the enemy. When tlue Nineteenth Army Corps was repulsed and the enemy had passed the rightt fiaiuk of the First New York I ordered its withdrawal to the ridge, about 100 yards in rear and on tlue left of the Fifth Maine. To the front and right of this position the enemy was checked, the Fifth Maine enfilading his line with canister, and finally was driven to tlue cover of the woods. A, Massachusetts Artillery, Capt. W. 191. McCartne~-, and G, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, Capt. G. W. Adatns, were then placed in position on left of pike opposite First New York and Fifth Maine. From this position of the batteries the enemys itifantry received a heavy fire from the 12-pounder batteries, while the rifled guns were turned on his batteries in the direction of Winchester. At the time the hue was advanced, at 4 ~ mu., Fifth Maine, First New York, A, Massachusetts, amid G, First Rhode Island, were moved uip the luike. A, Massachusetts, was placed in position on left of pike an(1 engaged a battery of the enemy at 800 yards, atud with U, First Rhode Island, drove it from the position, which enabled it to enfilade the lines of the Second Division. In this the euuenuys battery lost two liunbers broken, eight horses killed, and several men. At thuis tiune First New York was put in battery on right of 0-, First Rhode Island, ttn(l all opened on the enemys infantry and then on Itis battery as soon as it developed its second position. The Filth Maitte was thuen move(h tip tite pike with the infantry to the left of brick house between First auud Tltird Brigades, Second Division, amud opened, firing at the enenmys lines in front of and to the right of Winchester. As the lines advanced A, Massachusetts, took pGsition ouu left of the brick house, left of the h)ike, on grouutd ,just left by the enemy, and there opened lire to the left of Winchester; U, First Rhode island, was sent to thue line of First Division on right of pike. The enemy still falling rapidly behind Witi- chester, the remaining batteries were brought up. A, Massachusetts Artillery, U and C, First Ithuode Island Artillery, were again advance Page 272 272 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ow. LY. and opening on the enemys battery on the crest beyond Winchester, on the Strasburg pike, drove it from its position- the rest of the bat- teries were held in reserve. This was the last position of the batteries, and near it the brigade went into camp for the night I cannot speak in two high terms of the conduct of the. officers and men of the command. Particular mention should be made of Capt (1. T. Stevens, cojnmanding Fifth Maine Battery, and of First Lient W. H. Johnson, commanding First New York Independent Battery, for the gallant manner in which they handled their batteries when charged on by the enemy, at which time Lieutenant Johnson was severely wounded. Capt W. H. McCartney, commanding A, Massachusetts Artillery, worked his battery, as usual, magnificently. I have the honor to submit the following as the statement of loss in wounded and killed, expenditure of ammunition, and loss in horses and material: Wounded, First Limit W. H. Johnson, commanding First New York Independent2 and 16 enlisted men; expenditure, 2,508 rounds of ammunition of all kinds- wheel, broken by shot, 1 (FifthMaine); sponge staves, 2; axle, 1 (CI, First Rhode Island). In the engagement at Fish~ Hill, on the 21st, A, Massachusetts Artillery, Capt. W; H. McCartney, was placed in position in front of First Division to operate on the enemys line, and expended fifty- five rounds of ammunition. On the 22d, early in the morning, (1, First Rhode Island Artillery, Capt 0. W. Adams, was placed on the line near the right of Second Division, and opened on the enenty and covered the advance of the Third Division. When the Third Division moved out, the First New York and Fifth Maine occupied their works. At ip. a, from the left of First Division line, A, M6ssachusetts Artillery, engaged a battery of the enemy with good effect Later in the afternoon A Massachusetts Artillery, from an advanced position, again engaged the enemys bat- teries in front of First Division- and when the lines advanced, 0, First Rhode Island, C, First Rhode Island, and First Flew York were advanced to the front of the works, and shelled the enemy in their works, and engaged the enemy iii front and to the left. At 4p. m. a section of C, First Rhode Island, was tent to the center of the hne, and. opened fire from that position. I have the honOr to submit the following statement of losses and expenditures 21st aird 22d instant: Wounded, 1 enlisted man; ex- penditure, 761 rounds of ammunition. Recapitulation: WoundedFirst flout W. H. Johnson, First New York Independent Battery (19th); enlisted men 16 on 19th, 1 on 22d; total, 17. Horses killed, 8; wheel, broken by sLot, 1; sponge staves, 2; axle, 1; ammunition of all kinds, 3,209 rounds. To the following-named officers of my staff I am expressly indebted for valuable assistance, and would respectfully recommend them to the m& jor-general commanding for promotion for gallant and meritorious condut-t in both engagements: First fleut B. N. Whittier, acting assistant adjutant- neral, Fifth Maine Battery; First Limit J K. Bucklyn, acting aide-de-camp, First Rhode Island fight Artillerr I have the honor to transmit herewith the reports of the several bat- tery commanders. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. H. TOMPKINS, Colonel, ComssandAsg. ]W& J. C A. lftrmTTJ3R, Anffng 4a$etant k4ju4nt4tnwrrsi, $a* Ann)! (low Page 273 CHAP. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAiGN. 273 No. 73. Report 0/ Capt. Green leaf I. Sterens, E~/th iiLaine Battery, of operations September 11) and ~ I IEADQ UARTERS FIFTH BATTERY MAINE VOLUNTEERS, Near Harrisonbwrg, Va., September 26, 1864. Report of the imrt performed by the Fifth Battery Maine Volunteers at the battle of Winchester, September 19, and the battle of Strasburg, September 22, 18(4: Oii the 19th the battery was lirst ordered into position near the right of the First Division, Sixth Corps, one sectiort being placed on the right, the other on the left of the Berryville and Winchester pike. When our lines advanced the battery opened with solid shot, expend- ing twelve or fifteen rounds. The battery was then moved to the front some 400 yards, and went into position on the light of the pike. At this point the battery was the most hotly-engaged for the day, playing mostly npon the enemys infantry in front of the left of the Nineteenth Corps. The next, or third position, was some 300 yards in front of the last mentioned. Front this position the battery was moved by direction of Col. C. II. Tompkins up the pike toward Winchester, some 1,000 or 1,200 yards, and went into position on the right of the pike near a brick house. The next position where the battery was engaged was on the plain, within 1,200 or 1,400 yards of Winchester. More ammuni- tion was expended in the second position than all the rest combined. The losses and expenditures were as follows: Wonnded, men ,6. Ammu- nitionshot, 283; shell, 66; case, 220; canister,39; total,608. Material wheel, 1; handspike, 1; worm and staff 1. At Strasburg, September 22, the battery was in position, but not eiiga.ged, there being no position near where the light 12-pounder gun could be effectually used. On the evening of the 22d the battery took from the battle-field 3 guns of the enemy, 2 limbers, 4 horses, 4 sets of harness, together with 30 rounds of ammunition. Most respectfully submitted. (i. T. STEVENS, Captain, Co ntman dtng F~/th iPttery Maine Volunteers. Liemit. E. N. WHITTIER. Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gem., Artillery Brigade, Sixth Corps. No. 74. Report of Capt. William II. McCartuey, First Massachusetts Battery, of. Operations September 1922. CAMP BATTERY A, MASSACHUSETTS ARTILLERY, Near Harrisonbury, Va., September 26, 1864. Sw: I have the hommor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of this battery daring- the late movement from camp near Berry- ville to this place: On the morning of the 19th of September this battery move(l to a tosi (ion about tl tree miles from Wi i ichester, near the Opequon Creek, in support of the First 1)ivisioii of this corps, where it waS engage(l t~r a short time. During the day the 1)attery change(l position tour 18 R RVOL XLIII, PT Page 274 274 OPERATION~3 IN N ~ ~ y~ ~ID AND PA. ~CHAr. LV. times, following up the infantry line as it advanced, being engaged considerably in each position, the last position being on the left and south of Winchester. Nothing of l)artidnlar note occurred (luring the days engagement, except at the time of the advance, at about 4 p. in., of the Second Division of this corps. As that division advanced a smooth-bore battery of the enemy opened an enfilading tire on the left flank of the division~ doing commiderable (lamage. This battery then took a position on the lett of th( turnpike leading into Winchester, at about SO() yards from the enemys l)attery. This battery had been engaged in this last-mentioned 1)Osition but a fi~wr nijinites, and had expended about seventN fixe ionnds of solid shot, when time enemy withy drew his battery to a emest taithci to his rear. The next morning it was a~eutained that the enen~v~ s battery lost, in the position where this battery engaged it, two limbers smashed up , eioht horses, and several men. This battery suffered no loss of mcmi dnring tJme engagement of the 19th instant, and but two horses, and expended 2(12 rounds of anununition, as follows: solid shot, 102; shell, 10; case-shot, ThO. On the 20th instant the battery mimarched to Strasburg, and was not this ba engaged during that day. On the 21st instant ttery was pat in position on the right of this corps; Oi)erated principally on the enemys skirmish hue, expending 57 rounds of ammunition, as Ibliows: solid shot, 25: case-shot, 32; and suffered imo loss of men or horses. On the 22d this battery was in position twice; time first time at about 1 oclock, wheim it took a l)osition on the left of the First Division of this corps, and was engaged with a battery of the enemy; it was sup- posed with success, as the enemys battery ceased tiring while this battery was operating on it. In the afternoon, at the time of the gen- eral advance of our lines, this battery took a positiomi in rear of Second l)ivision of this corps, on a crest, froni which was obtained an enfilad- ing tire on a rifle-pit and battery of the enemy. I am informed that this battery did good service in this last-mentioned position. The battery lost during the engagement of the 22d instantone sei-geant, T. F. Longley, wounded in the forehead by a fragment of case-shot; no horses; and expended 188 i-ounds of amumnunition, as follows: solid shot, 82; case-shot, 85; shell, 21; and have not been engaged since. I am, sir, ~yith respect, AT. 11. MCCARTNEY, Captain, (Jomm (flLdiflf/. Lient. E. N. WHiTTLEE, Actg. Asst. A~jt. Gen.. Ai-tiiiery Brigade, Sixth Corps. No. 75. Reports ~f Lient. Orsamas II. Ian Etien, First New lork Battery, of operations September 19 October 19. CAMP FIRsT Nuw YORK INDEPENI)EN 1 IJATTEHY, October 18, 1861. Sum: I have the honor to rel)ort that the Vim-st New York Independ- emit Battery left camp September 19 at 2 a. in., under conunand ot Lient. XV. H. Johnson; marched toward Winchester at 7 a. in.; halted in a ravine for an hour; was then ordemed into position about one mile from the enemy. We were shelled ~)retty sharply for about a~u hour, and we shelied the enemy in return as well as we could. About 9 a. m. th Page 275 C~p. LV.] THE ShENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 275 infantry advanced, and we advanced with them some 1,200 yards; caine into position within close range of the enemy under a sharp fire. While coming into position Lieutenant Johnson was shot throngh the leg, and I took command of the battery. I held the battery in this position as long as the infantry held their line in my front, and when they fell back I fell back with them, drawing the l)ieces by haiid until the rise of gi7onIl(1 was some protection to ns, then limbered up. Moved to the rear some 20() yards, and took position on the rise of grouII(l just in rear of the infantry line, my horses being sheltered somewhat by this rise of ground. There I did as much destruction to the advancing enemy as I could with the pieces, one having beeim disabled by the breaking of an axle from the recoil of the gun, and had been sent to the rear. The successfnl charge being made, we enjoyed an hours rest; was then ordered to l)e ready to follow np another attack that was soon to be made. As the troops advanced we moved fbrward to the same posi- tion we had fallcn back from. i)id not fire any from this l)oint, as I was atraid of tiring on our owii men. Was soOn ordered to move up the pike toward Winchester abont 1,200 yards; came in position nuder a heavy fire; I replied as well as I could; was ordered to con- tinue firing at this Point until the enemy ceased firin~ then moved on tow-aid Winchester. We halted one mile from town, and abcnt dark were ordered into park for the night, half a mile from town, having had 0 men wounded, 2 horses killel and 2 wonnded, and expended 585 rounds of fixed ainmunition195 percussion, 26() case, 120 time. September 20, moved at 5 a. in. toward Strasburg, fifteen miles, amid canil)ed. September 21, ordered to be harnessed at 5 a. in.; umihar- nessed at 7 a. m. September 22, ordered to be harnessed at (laylight; moved at 6 a. m. two miles; halted two hours; then moved on a little thrther and went into position; fired fixre shots from this point, then miid)ved still nearer tIme enemy audI openedi fire. After hol(hing this l)05i- hon a short tmnid I mno~ ed out and took position on the right of all the Sixth Corps battemmes I romn this point I fired by sections; did not receive much shelming in return. Night closed the 5cene, having ex- pended 105 ronmids tixeu anunummition46 percussion, 41 case, 18 time. iNo men or liorse~ killed or wounded. .1 waited one hour for orders, theui mnovedi all mumoht towardi \~\Toodstock At 4 a. mn. halted omme hour, then moved thronoh Woodstock amid halted for breakti~st; fed aimd drew rations, after wh1ch w e muovedl on some four mnihes aim dl )arkedl for the night. September 24, orders to niove at 6. Move(l 1 through Mount Jackson and halted until 1 p. in., when I was ordlered to follow the skirmish hue in adIx-amice. I pushed oim as fast as possible until near New Market, wimeui I turned to the right to take a position 25() yards t~omn the I)mke, flrin~- a few rounds at the retreating enemy. I was theu ordered to report to Captain rJ)aft, of time Nineteenth Corps, with one section, andl we followed on after the enemy from one rise of groundh to another, ~onmimmg in position thur times amid firing a few shot each time. lime other section movedl along the J)ike umutil time Lust position, then joimmed the section emigaged amid caine in position with it. Night brought an emud to our adl\-ance, havimug followed the enemy some eight miles. I then rejoined the Sixth Corps andl campedl for time night, having expemided 180 rounds fixed ammunitiomm(;O peretission, 68 case, and 52 timeand losing 2 horses. September 25, got or(lers at 6 a. m. to move at once; moved to near Ilarrisonburg amid camped. September 26 amid 27, no move. September 28, orders to move at 5 a. in.; move to Mount Craw-ford, sommue ten miles, amid camp. September 80, orders at 12 m. to be ready to move; move back to llarrisonburg and take our old camp Page 276 276 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. Lv. October 1,ao movement. October 2,ordersat3p.m. to harness; at8 p.m. to unharness; received 315 rounds Axed ammunition. October 4 and5 noorders. @ctober6 orderedtomoveat5.30 La; moved beyond hew uarket and camped kor the night October 7, order to move at 7 a. in.; moved to Woodetock ad camped. October 8, orders to move at 7.3G a. a; move to Strasburg ad camp. October 9, ordered to be harnessed at daylight; move through Strasburg at 12 m. and camp. Octobea~ 10, get orders at 7 a. a to move at once; report to General Wheaton, First Division; indve through Middletown, and bear to the right, a p near Front Royal for the night October 11, at 12 m. get orders to report to General Bidwell; cross the river and camp near the town; broke a trail plate while crossing. October 12, donot move; have the trail mended. October 13, got orders during the night to move at 4a.m.; join the corps atO a. in.; then move toward Winchester some Ave miles; then bear to the right, pass through Millwood about one ~ when we were ordered to turn around ad camp near Mill- wood. October 14, got orders at 2 a. m. to move at once; march to Xewtown ad breakftst and feed, thence through Middletown ad camped. Since then we have been in the same camp, having harnessed two mornings at daylight I am, sir, your very obedient servant, 0. B. VAN ETTEN, Pint Lieutenant, Comdg. First Hew York Independent Battery. [Lient. B. N. WmTTIER, Act,. Met. Adjt. (ten., Artillery Brigade, Siuth Corp..] CAMP FIRST Nuw YORK INDEPENDENT BATTERY, October 22,1864. SIR: I have the honor to report that I was awakened the morning of the 19th of October, 1884, by musketry; was soon ordered to harness; waited for orders; soon sent my forge, battery wagons, ad baggage wagons to the rear; sent the crnssons back as soon as I thought best. About Ave minutes after was ordered in position about 200 yards front camp; had scarcely got in reition before Iwasordered backto the next rise of ground, asthe infantry were falling back. Just got lim- bered when the infantry rallied and lunlimbered and commenced Aring as rapidly as possible. I hel4 this position until theinfantry fell back, then fefl back with the having one piece disabled with a broken aile; another in such a condition as to have to be drawn by hand, pole being broken from fall of horses. My loss at this point was 1 officer and 8 men killed, 16 wounded, and 10 horses killed. I moved to the rear about one mile, and got one section in Aghting order as soon as 1 could and sent it back to the fAnt. Before I reached a position was ordered back .to get the batterytogether. Not knowing where my cais. sons had gone, I left the pieces in charge of Lieutenat Riser and went to And them. After riding some time found them nearer thefront than I expected. I took horses enough to move the pieces, and about the time I reached the pieces I was ordered to get the battery near the pike all together in park. I soon got the p frees ready for action and moved along the pike to within one mile of Middletown, and waited for orders about two hours. Was then ordered forward and to the right; went in position 1,400 yards from Middletown. I fired from this point until our men advp~nced, then was ordered forward; moved to the to Page 277 Gun. LYJ TEE sHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 277 ofthecrstfromCedarcrak;wasaenorc~Jb~k tothecampwe had left in the morning, having expended 55 time-shell, 45 case-shot, 39 percussion-shell, 15 combination; 1 officer and 5 men killed and 17 wonded; 12 horses killed and 6 disabled. I am, sir, your very obedient servant, First Lieutena4 Goad;. First Kew B. VAN ETTEN~ York Independent Battery. Lient. E; N. WHn,nn let;. last. Miff. 64n., Artillery Bdgade~ Sixth Gotys. No. 76. Report qf Lient. Jacob H. Lamb, Batter, 0, First Rhode Light ArM icr,, of operation September 19 and 22. HDQEs. Brrrnr C, 1ST RHODE ISLAND LIGHT Aunany September 26, 1864. Sn: I have the honor to report the operations of my command in the recent en~men~ at the Opequon and Fishers Hill. September19, wentinto position at 10.30 a. in., and commenced flrliig at the enemys batteries at 1,200 yards distance, the enemy being driven from position. We followed them up and went into position three sepa- rate times, and firing each time. We ceased firing at 4 p. m. The cas- ualties are as follows: WoundedSergt Thomas Buckley, slightly in the breast; CorpL N. W. Lawton, severelyinbothlegs, Private Adilard Sodoin severely in arm; Private George Barley, ullightiyln hand. Three horses kIlled; 1 axle-tree broken; 1 spongestavedestroyed. Fired 378 rounds. September 22, at Fishers Hill, went into position at 2.30 p. in., and commenced firing on the enemys batteries, which were shelling our advancing infantry. At4 p. m. the right section, under command of Lieutenant Rich, was withdrawn and sent to the center of the line, under command of General Getty commanding Second Division, Sixth Corps. Fired during the day 194 rounds of ammunition, and lost one tube pouch. No casualties to report Very respectfiifly, your obedient servant, 3. H.. LAMB, First Lint., First Rhode Island Light Arty., Goad,. Battery (1. Lient E. N. WmTnn, Aeting Assistant Adjutant-GeneraL No. 77. Report of Capt. George IT. Adams, Battery U First Rhode Island Light Artillery, of operations Septemler nn. Cnn oi~ BATTERY G, FIRST RHODE Isi.nw LIGHT ARTY., September 26,1864. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report that at the battles of the Opequon and Fishers Hill my battery was engaged; also during the forward movement of the 24th instant I engaged the enemy. I have the honor to report, ammunition expended, 680 rounds; loss in horses, 1 I have the honor to be, very resPectfollk your obedient servant, W. ADAMS, Capt., First Rhode Island Light Artillery, Goad;. Company IL First Lieut. E. N. WmTTIER, Actg. lat. Adjt. On., Artillery Brigide~ Siath (keys Page 278 278 OPERAtIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., NIL, AND PA. (Ow. Lt No. 78. Report. of Capt. J... MeKnigl& 4 Battery Z~4ft~ U. & Artillery, of operations September 19 and 19. CAMP OP BATTERY N, FIFTH U. S. ARTILLERY, Year Barrieonbnrg, Va., September N, 1864. Sn: In accordaice with orders just received I have the honor to stats that at 9 aL m. of Monday2 September 19,1864, Battery K, Fifth Artiflery, was ordered into position on the left of the line. Opened fire at 10 o~clock, which was continued until 4p. m. Number of rounds of ammunition expended, 341. In the subsequent engagements of the week the battery took no part. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. MoKNIGHT, Captain, F(ftk Artillery, Commanding Battery K. Lient. E. N. WHiTTIER, Aetg. Ant. Adjt. (len., Artillery Brigade, Rsutk Corp.. (lAMP OP BATTERY N, FIFTH U.S. ARTILLERY, October N, 1864. Sm: In accordance with orders, dated headquarters Artillery Bri- gade, Sixth Corps, October 22, 1804, I have the honor to report that the battery under my command went into position on the morning of the 19th Instant fifty yards to the right and front of the battery camp. The fire of the battery was delayed fuRy ten minutes by the train of wagons passing to its front. This obstruction removed, it opened with spherical case at a range of 600 yards. Second Lient. Frederick Rob- inson, in charge of left section, was wounded after the third discharge of his guns and left for the rear. The guidonbearer was ulso wounded ~it this time. The heavy fire to which the battery was subjected made it necessary to retire to another position. All the guns were success- fully drawn off with the exception of one, which was abandoned owing to the wounding of the sergeant, gunner, two cannoneers, and killing of lead driver and four horses. This gun was shortly after recaptured and. drawn off by the infantry. The right and center sections were a placed In position, a short distance to the rear of the original under a heavy fire from the front and left flank. This line was unten- able; the rapid wounding of men and .horses required its abandon- ment Second Lient Henry N. Baldwin was ordered to take charge of two guns, and Sergt D. B. Toder a third, each having but two horses left to the limbers for removal to the rear. Two of the three guns were successfully withdrawn; the third, owing to both of the horses being wounded, fell into the hands of the enemy. Second Lient. H. N. Bald- win, the guidon bearer, and guidon were captured at the same time. Lieutenant Baldwin was wounded after his surrender of self and gun. The right gun of right section, under chai~qe of CorpL W. H. H. Ken. nedy, at sametime acting as gunner, and nght gun of center section, under charge of Sergt Henry Beekhardt, with CorpL Charles A. Knorr as gunner, were brought into action for the third time, using. canister with good effect These two guns were the last to leave the field. I would respectfully call the attention of the colonel commandins Artillery Brigade to the brave and relIant conduct of Second Lient H Page 279 CHAP. tX.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 279 Xl. Baldwin throughout the entire engagement; also to the cool bravery of Sergeant Beckhardt, Corpis. William IT, I-I. Kennedy, Charles A. Knorr, in hghting their guns to the last moment up to threaten of capture; and to Sergt. Daniel B. Yoder in successfuliy saving his giui from capture. The of casualties, material return , and amnmnuiutioi expended mlso how lost, accompanies this report. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obe(lieut servant, J. MCKMGHT, Captain, Fifth U. S. Artilierq, Commanding Battery ill. Lient. E. N. WHITTIER, Aety. A~st. Adjt. Geii., Artillery Ilrk(Ia(le, Sixth Corim. No. 79. Reports of B~t. illaj. Gen. Wilijam H. E)nory, 1. AS. Army, eommandinq Detachment Nineteenth A rmm~ Corps. of opera tons September 1f~i~i an(l October 19. I-II3QR s. DETACHMENT NINETEEN~I1I ATIYIY CoRps, Ha rrisonb cry, I a., October 3, i~G4. COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the engagement of the 19th of September, at Winchester, Va.: In pursuance of orders the Nineteenth Army Corps marched fiom its camp, near Berryville, Va., at precisely 2 a. m. of the 19th of Sep- tember, with orders to report to Major-General Wright at the Ope(~uo1I. When near the (Jpequon my corps, then in advance of the Sixth Corps, was halted by the general commanding the column, and I was directed to remain where I was until the Sixth Corps had passed with its traiuis. I then rode forward with my staff and reported in person to General Wright at Spout Spring, where I found a brisk cannonade going oo. I sent back my aide-cle-camp, Captain Wilkinson, with orders to Getueral Grover, who was leading the head of my column, to hurry forward regardless of the order of march, and, so far as the trains were con- cerne(l, to pass theni. Accordingly, the head of my column close(l an the rear of the Sixth Corps infantry, and got to the field of battic a little in advance of the rear of the Sixth Corps winch it had been ordered to follow; but the defile was long an(I nam iow and the troops did not join me on the field until nearly 11 q m M~ line having been reported formed I was ordered to advance avid did so at 11.45 a. m. My line was formed in the following mannei Ihe I urst Brio-ade, Brig- adier-General Birge, and Third Brigade ( olonel Shaipe, of the Sec- ond Division, General Grover commanding, foi nmcd the fast line; the Second and Fourth Brigades of time smm dv% ismon the second hue; the First Division, Brigad icr-General I)wm lit ( onuinanding (only two brigades being l)resent), was formed as a reserve an(l to partly partly l)rotect my flank on the right, in columims of regiments imi echelon. A dense wood was in front of me and on my right. When I received the order to advance we passed throngh the wood, which was irni)racticable f6r artillery, and at the monient of clearing it received a brisk time of the enemys artillery and infantry. The pace of Birges brigade was quick-cued at once to cross the opeim space to the woods opposite. This was done in the most gallant manner. He was ordered to halt amid Embodied in table, p. 132 Page 280 280 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. form line of battle on the edge of the woods, but he could not restrain his men, and passing through the wood occupied by the enemy drove him from behind a ledge of rocks, which was equal to a natural fortification, killing, I believe, at this time, many of the enemy, and among them one of his most conspicuous generals, while in the act of posting a battery. Sharpes brigade, on l3irges left, at this moment was equally successful, and the center of the enemys line was broken. At this moment, the troops on our left having fallen back, and at the same time a battery having opened on our right, taking J3irge and Sharpe in reverse, I was compelled to leave, deployed to the right, tIme First Division, which I had held in reserve, and with which I had intended to follow up this attack to prevent a flank umoveinent amid to endeavor to capture the battery that had opened on my right. Sharpe, and every regimental commander but one in his brigade, having been shot down, and Bimges brigade being outnumbered and outflanked, the last-named brigade was necessarily forced to retire, which it dut p~ some confusion to their original position, theii occupied on the right by the First Division, and subsequently on the left by Colonel Molinenx, Second Brigade, Second Division. Sharpes brigade, now commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Neafle, after falling back a short distance, hand- somely rallied and gallantly recharged the enemy, retaining from that time its position, and joining in the final advance of the whole line. The enemy, quick to perceive their advantage, rallied in considerable force and charged my left flank, where there was an open space of nearly a quarter of a mile between my own and the Sixth Army Corps; at the same time my right was charged by a heavy column. A slim strip of wood prqjected from the center of my line for 200 or 300 yards into the open field. Here, with the assistance of the brave and gallant Colonel Day, I rallied the One hundred and thirty-first New York. The enemny, intent upon charging a section of Bradhurys (First Maine) battery, were allowed to pass until we could nearly see their backs, when the One hundred and thirty-first New York, assisted by the stragglers that had been collected from other regiments, poured a fire into the enemy which made him oblique to the right and falter. At this moment other regi- ments rallied and rushed into the open field upon the enemy, who were driven pell-mell back to their own woods. Time First Brigade, First Division, repelled handsomely the attack on my right. I now felt sure that they would make no more impression upon my center, opposite which the enemys troops were massed, for I had ordered the open space there of nearly 500 yards to be filled with a part of the Second Brigade, First Division, and my attentiou was devoted to the right, where the enemy made two successive charges on tIme One hundred and fourteenth, One hundred and sixteenth, One hundred and fifty-third, and One hundred and sixtieth New York Regimuents, of the First Division, but were gallantly repulsed. After the Second 1)ivisiou was rallied and brought into line, although the enemy had a battery enfilading us froma the right and two or thin-ce direct fires, my whole line stood firm, and the enemy were repulsed at every point. I now for the first time felt in position to extend my right flank and charge the battery, which, with ordinary enterprise, shonld have been silenced by the skirmishers on the right, but I was notified before this that the Army of West Vir- gimmia was moving up on mny right flank. About 3 p. in. a division of that corps came up on mny right. Not being able to see the corps com- mander, I requested Colonel Thoburn, conunanding division, to take the place of the One hundred and fourteenth, One hundred and sixteenth, One hundred and fifty-third, and One humidred and sixtieth New Yor Page 281 CHAP. LV.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. ~81 Regiments, of the First Division, then under conimand of Colonel Davis, One hundred and fifty-third New York, which request he com- plied with. The regiments named I then moved by the left flank to re-enforce the open space in my center, preparatory to a second advance. The moment that the battery on my right ceased to enfilade my line, I was aware that General Crook was attacking, and I ordered the Second Brigade of the First Division, with the regiments of the First Brigade, First Division, above mentioned, to move forward and attack, and it proved, as I supposed, coincident with our attack on the right. Noth. ing could have been more opportune thaim the attack of General Crooks force, as it was just at the moment that the enemy had been repulsed from his assaults on my line. Subsequently the general commanding directed me to move forward niy whole line. The enemy broke and fled and this may be considered, as far as the Nineteenth Army Corps is (oncerned, the end of the battle ex of the cept time service artillery mentioned hereafter. I was ordered to transfer the whole of my force to the left of the Sixth Corps and report to General Wright to move forward in pursuit. This was late in the evemming, and at dark we went, by order, into bivouac, on the left of the Sixth Corps, for the night. I think it due to Birges and Sharpes brigades, which made such a spirited attack in the early part of the day, to say that my orders were to keep closed on the right of the Sixth Corps, but it was evident on nearing the enemy that their line of battle was oblique to ours and completely enveloped my right wing, also causing an interval between my left and the troops on my~ left. Hence I was obliged, at time muomnent of apparent success, to use the whole of mny First 1~ivision, which was intended as a reserve to follow up any advantage I might gain, to confront and hold in check the enemys left wing and to cover the interval in my center. I send you herewith the reports of Brigadier-General Grover and those of the brigade commanders under him; also those of Brigadier- General Dwight, commanding First Division, and the brigade com- manders under him. From these you will see more in detail the oper- ations of the day and the gallant manner in which the enemy was attacked aimd repulsed by the officers and men of time Nineteenth Army Corps, which, from its position, was brought in contact with the enemys line in advance of the co-operating troops. These subordinate reports may also supply you with a more just list of those who imave distin- guished themselves than that which I sent under orders of September 26, 1864. I have already forwarded my list of casualties for that day1,940 killed and wounded.* I also lost in the first charge one officer and some men taken prisoners. I have no means of knowing the number of the enemy we disabled or the number of prisoners taken, as our march was continuous until we got beyond the battle-field, but time general commanding the arumy, who was himself in the advance, noticed the number of the enemys slain that were in front of my line. During the engagement we turned over many prisoners, amongst others three colonelsCol. H. T. Bennett, Fourteenth North Carolina; Col. I. T. [Thomas W.J Ilooper, Twenty-first Georgia, and Lieut. Col. G. M. Edgar, Twemmty-sixth Virginia [Battahion]who were taken in the first charge by Sharpes brigade. The nature of time ground prevented as free use of artillery as I could have wished. A section of Bradburys (First Maine) battery and a sec- tion of Lieutenant Chases battery (D, First Rhode Island Artillery) But see revised table, p. 114 Page 282 282 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ~CHAP. IX. did most excellent service. Later in the day, about the time I received the order to move to the left, we were exposed to a severe lire of artil- lery from a battery of the enemy near Winchester, and I placed Cap- tain Bradburys whole battery in position, and soon silenced it. Chases section bravely fought its guns after the horses were killed. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, W. II. EMORY, Breret ]lfajor- General. Commanding. When this report was written General Dwights report had not been received. When received it was found to contain errors and aspersions against other troops and officers, which require explanatioii. W. H. EMORY, Breret Major- General, Commanding. Lieut. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- General, Middle Mi liter!! Dir~sion. HDQRS. DETACHMENT NINETEENTH ARMY Conps, Harrisonbury, Va., October , 1864. COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the battle of Strasburg, on the 22d instant [ultimo]: On the 21st my corps occupied the left of the road, and I was directed to hold the road leading to Front Royal, an(l ascertain the force of the enemy that was across the Shenandoah River. A battery of artillery was placed in position and shelled the enemys l)osition across the river, and the Ninth Connecticut, Colonel Cahill commanding, was pnshed across a ford below and directed to feel the enemys position. It resulted in ascertaining that a brigade of the enemys cavalry occupied the opposite bank of the river. One regiment and a battery were also detached to the eminence overlooking Strasburo and the road to Front Royal, to prevent any Id entol( ements to the enemy from that quarter. The night of the 21st I eceix ed orders to move my corps at the break of day to ocenpy the l)osltlon occupied the night l)efore by the Sixth Corps, and to keep clo~ed on th Sixth Corps, which. was to move to the right. I ordered the Fust Dn ilon to move to the right and front of its then position, coveiing the giound and occupying the l)osition occu- pied by Major- General Wrmohts front line on the evening of the 21st; but on reaching the position early in the morning F found my First Division commander absent, and had not obeyed my orders, and that the enemys sharpshooters flied upon me as I rode upoi~ the ground. A portion of my Second Division being then ne-ar at hand and ready to march I brought it rapidly up and occupied the vacaiit space. It was then too late to charge, and I placed the First Division, which had followed the Sixth Corps by a circuitous route to the rear, on the left of the Sixth Corps, two brigades of the Second Division on the left of that, and the remaining two brigades in reserve. My pickets and the Ninth Connecticut were kept in a very extended line to watch the Front Royal pike, and to Prevent the brigade of the enemys cavalry from crossing the river on our left where it was fordable nearly everywhere. My line was much attenuated, in order to enable me to comply with the two conditionsto connect with the Sixth Corps on the right and guard against the enemys turning our leftand 1 strengthened it by temporary barricades. See Dwights report, p. 287, et seq Page 283 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 283 About 11.30 I received an intimation from the general commanding to press the enemy, to mask an attack on their left. The enemy had line of rule-pits. extending from the river to our right and about 400 yards in tront of us, strongly barricaded and strongly manned. Under the fire of a battery of artillery I moved two pieces of artillery forward and to the left unseen by the enemy, and ordered them to enfilade the rifle-pits and shell them vigorously for twenty minutes, at the cud of which time, which was 12.15 p. in., the One hundred and twenty-eighth New York, snpported by the One hundred and seventy-sixth New York, of the Second Division, and the One hundred and sixteenth New York and a part of the Thirtieth Massachusetts, of the First Division, de- ployed out of sight of the enemy as skirmishers, and were ordered to rush upon the rifle-pits and seize them. The shelling of the artillery was perfect and the charge of the infantry made in fine style, and the pits were carried, with but little loss. Immediately two other regiments were thrown forward, with spade amid pick, to reverse the enemys lines. One or two attempts were made by the enemy to drive them away, but they were repulsed by the brave regiments just noted, and in a short time we had a continuous line of rifle-pits within 500 yards of the enemys lines (on the left), which defied his artillery. Between this line and the enemys line on my front it was impassable, excel)t by the narrow pike, which was commanded by the enemys artillery and rifle- pits. I heard nothing from the right until near 4 oclock in the after- noon, when the cannonade there announced to me that the attack was commenced, and at the same time I received an order from the general commanding to press the enemy all I could. I was at that time myself near the first line. I ordered them forward and imme- diately ordered up in person my second line, which I had ordered to remain where it was until they received orders from me. The Third Brigade, commanded by Colonel Macauley, Eleventh Indiana, fol- lowed by Mohineuxs brigade, pressed forward as well as the nature of the ground would pemmit. The skirmishers of the Third Brigade managed to get into the work, how ever, nearly at the same time with the troops muoving on the, level ground on our right, and the company of the One hundred and seventy-sixth New York, uu(ler Cap- tain Eutwistle, captured four pieces of artillery. The mass of my columun were compelled to move to the left and take to the pike, owing to the impassable nature of the ground. Without halting a moment, the whole force was imumediately ordered in pursuit, the Nineteenth Corps leading, and Brigadier-Gemieral Grover, commanding- Second Division, leading the head of the column of the Nineteenth Corps. Night had now come on and it was intensely dark. After marchimmg about five miles we reached a creek, commanded on the opposite side by a high bank and a dense woods, where the enemy ope2ed on us with artillery and infantry. This miecessarily produced some confusion, and some of the troops in the rear fired upon our skirmishers; but two lines were immediately formed across the road, one by General Grover, who I had imitrusted with the advance, arid one by myself, and skirmishers were formed on the right and left of the column as well as the rugged nature of the ground would permit. The advance was then resumed with a loss of but twenty men, and we reached Woodstock about 3 a. in., where the colummi was halted, amid the cavalry took up the pursuit. A considerable number of prisoners were picked up from time to time and sent to the rear. It is proper to say, both in regard to this battle and Winchester, that the artillery and small-arms captured by us were heft upon the ground where they were takemi, and I have n Page 284 284 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. doubt passed into the hands of those who remained l)eltin(l. My coips was moved forward immediately after each battle. Our loss in the battle was iznly 99 killed and wounded. W. if. EMOIIY Breret Mic~jor- General, Commanding. Lient. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjittant- Gen eral, Middle Military Division. IIDQRS. DETACHMENT NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS, Cedar Creek, Ira,, October 2J, 18G4. SIR: I have the honor to present the followino report of the part taken by my command in the battle fought near Middletown, Ma., on the 19th of October, 1864: On the evening of the 18th I received orders to send a division to the front on the following morning as soon as it should be light enough to distinguish objects, and make a reconnaissance of the enemys position. I selected the Second Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, for this duty, and gave General Grover directions to move at early dawn. At that hour, on the morning of the 19th, not only the Second Division but my whole command was under arms, in accordance with a standing order from these headquarters. My staff was up and saddled, and I was in the act of saddling, when I heard firing to the left in the direction of General Crooks camp, followed by prolonged cheers, as if the enemy were making an assault. By the time I reached my advanced line the musketry had become very heavy, and seemed to be coming down the pike against my front as well as approaching rapidly from the extreme left of the army. The fog was so dense that it was impossible to see the position of the enemy or the direction of his advance; but, guided by the firing, I ordered the Second Brigade, First Division, to cross the l)ike and occupy a wooded ridge in order to support General Crook. This was done in the most gallamit style nuder my own eye. Immedi- ately afterward both General Wright and General Crook joined me, and the former directed inc to send two more brigades across the pike. By this time we could see the troops on the left of my corps in full retreat; indeed, I had observed stragglers from them going to the rear while I rode to the front. I believed that it was too late to execute General Wrights order, for the grouiid occupied by the Sixth Corps on my left both conmmnammded my position and took it in reverse; but I nevertheless hurried forward tlme two required brigades. The Second Brigade, First Division, soon became fiercely engaged and checked the progress of the enemny until the troops on its left were pushed back by overwhelmning mnasses, when it was flanked ammd forced fromn its position. Believing still that we should be supported by our reserves in time to hold the camps I gave Colonel Macauley orders to stand fast, and directed Colonel Molimmeux, Second Brigade, Secommd Divis- ion, to put his muen on tlme reverse side of his rifle-pits. General MeMillan, commandhing the First Division, promptly place(l his First Brigade in time samne position, and with excellent jtidgrnent, as it was now evident that the enemys force was coming in upon our left and rear in overwhelming numbers. Even here it was imnpossible to mmmake a permanent stand in consequence of the steady flanking muovemuent effected by the enemys powerful right Page 285 (hi,. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 285 I therefore ordered my command to fall back and establish a new line of resistance. Near the house of Doctor Shipley I directed Tafts Fifth New York Battery and Ohase?s First Bhode Island Battery into position, and formed a line of battle, with the left extending toward Middletown, but the continued lack of support on the left soon forced me to retire from this point to another, about 1,000 yards in rear of it. My command was now pretty well in line, the First Division on the right and the Second Division on the left, and able to hold the enemys left in check. I was myself on my own left attempting to establish a connection with the Sixth Corps, when I saw my whole line moving to the rear, orders to that effect having been communicated directly to my two division commanders. About 1,500 yards behind the position thus quitted was a commanding crest which overlooked the whole open country in its front. Here I fond General Sheridans staff collecting stragglers, and here I ordered the Nineteenth Corps to halt and form m two lines of battle. My first line was already in position, when I was directed to retire, inclining to the left and connecting with the Sixth Corps. I, however, ordered my skirmishers to hold the crest until the should receive instructions from me to abandon it. Losing sight of the Sixth Corps shortly afterward, in consequence of a sudden change of direction in the line of march, I ordered the Nineteenth back to the vicinity of the crest, and sent aides-de-camp to find the right of the Sixth. I also extended my line over a portion of the unoccupied interval on my left in order to check a tuning movement of the enemy who were deploying in that direction. While thus engaged I received a message from General Sheridan directing me to close up to the Sixth Corps, and addin; that my right would be covered by General Ousters cavalry. Immediately afterward General Custer came up with the head of his column, enabling me to make the flank movement without anxiety. Pushing to the left about three-quarters of a mile I joined the Sixth Corps, and formed my line within the cover of a dense wood. About 1 o?clock I received information from the general commanding that the enemy were advancing on me in force. Within an hour they charged my line, striking it near the center of the Second Division, but were promptly driven back, this being. as I believe, the first permanent repulse which they received during the day. About 3.30 in the after- noon our whole force was ordered to advance. My night, consisting of the First Division, was instructed to flank the enemy by inclinin; to the left, thus doubling up his line and driving him upon the pike. Both divisions, regardless of the fatigue and lessee of this already prolonged struggle, charged with conspicuous gallantry, forcing their antagonists from two naturally strong positions supported by dense thickets and hastily constructed rifle-pits, following them with such rapidity that they had no time to form another line of resistance, and chasing them in confusion through our recovered camps up to Cedar Creek. After about two hours rest the First Division Nineteenth Army Corps, was ordered to Strasburg to relieve the cavalry and cover the removal of the unmense amount of public property which the enemy had abandoned in his flight. I have to lament the number of brave officers and men killed or wounded in this days battle. Their names will be forwarded in the subordinate reports, excepting those of my staft, whom it is my espe- cial duty to mention. Major Sizer, my acting inspector-general, and & llatfrry I), Fii.t Rhode Island Artillery Page 286 286 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Czar. LV. Captain Wilkinson, judge.advocate both of whom I have so often had occasion to commend for disti~~ished co former slightly, the latter serb Urage, were wonded, the Inclosed is a topographical sketch which will illustrate whit I have written above. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, W. H. EMORY, Brevet JMjor.Gewseral, Commanding. flout. Col. C. Kuwsnurr, Jr., Assistant A4jntantGesseral, Middle ~Vilitewy jib. 80. Report of Capt. Bl$jak 1). Taft, ifs/tb Yew York Batterij, (Jliicf of Artillerij, of operations September 192*. HDQRS. DETACHMENT NmEnmrTH ARMY Coups, OFFICE CHrm~ 01. ARTILLERY, Near Harrieonburg, Va.., September *6,1864. Mizou: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper- ations of the two batteries in reserve, viz, Seventeenth Indiana an4 D, First Rhode Island Artillery: About 10 a. m. on the 19th instant, in compliance with orders from Major-General Emory, I directed Captain Miner, Seventeenth Indiana Battery, to place one section of his battery in position on the left of the Nineteenth Army Corps, and open fire on the enemy in front, which was done with apparent good effect Battery D, First Rhode Island my direction, took position in a skirt of woods on the right Army Corp immediately opened fire on one of the enemys batteries, then lading our lines on the right, when the enemy opened fire from two guns in the wood with canister, about 200 yards distant and in rear of our line of infantry. The battery soon silenced these two guns, and then renewed the fire on the battery enfi- lading our line, silencing it for a short period, but the infantry falling back for want of kmmnnition rendered the position unsafe for artillery. The battery had whilst in this position, although under a severe fire front and left oblique, been gallantly fought. The support having retired and the battery having lost four men and six horses and one wheel roken, I ordered it to withdraw, which was done in goodorder. This dosed the operations of these batteries for tbe day. On the 20th marched to near Strasburg. On the 21st Battery D,First Rhode Island, took position to the left and rear of the town of Stras- burg, and opened fire on the enemy on the left of the pike, with good effect, firing a barn near which the enemy had troops and a battle-flag. One section of the Seventeenth Indiana liattery, in compliance with my instructions, took position south of the town near the brick church and opened fire on the enemy, causing them to change the position of some of their troops and trains. On the morning of the 22d Battery U, First Rhode Island Artillery, took pokition on the line of the Second Division in front of a skirt of woods and opened fire on the enemy, and after the hill in front of their position had been occupied by the troops of the Second Division, Lieutenant Grant moved forward with one Not fond Page 287 Czar. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 287 section (two guns) of the Fifth New York Battery to the skirmish line, and firing a few well-directed rounds of canister and caseshot soon drove the enemys sharpshooters from the wood In a ravine near the railroad, and then shelled the enemys works, driving them from their works in front of the First Division. About 4.30 p. m. one section of D, First Rhode Island, took position on the left of Lieutenant Grants section and shelled the enemys guns on our immediate front. About ii a. m. Captain Miner, Seventeenth Indiana Battery, in oompliance with instructions, took position with his battery in the earth-works in the rear of the town, and at intervals during the afternoon shelled the enemy with good effect. This closed the operations incident to the baffles of Winchester and Strasburg. For reports of casnalties and ammunition expended by the batteries mentioned above, please see inclosures. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, F]. D. TAFT2 Maj. 1). 8. WALnE, Captain and Chief qf Afl.Ueqb Assistant Adjntant-General, Nineteenth may Co.ps. Ho. 81. Gee. William Dwigkt~ commanding First Report of Brig. Division, of HEADQUARTERS FIRST DIvIsION, NInnENru Cons, Harrisonbnrg, Va., September 1864. SIR: In obedience to instructions from the headquarters Detachment Nineteenth ApnyCorps, I have the honor to forward tine following report of the part taken by this division in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, near Winchester and at Fishers Hill, Va.: In compliance with orders the division moved from its camp near Berryville, Va., at 2 a. m. of the 19th. It was directed to follow the Second Division of this corps, but one brijade of that division not having moved at the hour directed, this division was ordered by the brevet major-general commanding the corps to move without reference to that division on the Berflville and Winchester pike to its crossing of Opequon Creek. The division marched in the direction ordered for some distance, when the road was found to be filled with other troops, both infantry and cavalry, and by direction of the brevet major-general commanding the corps the division was halted to take its place in the line of march. It again moved forward a short distance, when It was again halted by command of the brevetmajor-generabconanding the corps, and remained halted until something after 7 a. m. At about this hour, or soon after it, an order came from the brevet major-general commanding the corps for the division to move forward rapidly on the right of the pike, while the Second Division moved on the left. A moment later an aide-de-camp of the major-general commanding the army delivered a direct order for the division to move an cross ~non Creek ai rap as possible, yithout reference to other troops. The division moved directly to the Opequon, across it, through the wooded defile beyond the stream without any delay beyond that occasioned by a crowded~. It de6ouched beycud the defile upon Embo(Uod it tables, pp. 115, 128 Page 288 288 OPERAflONS IN N. VA., W. VA.; MD., AND PA. [GEAr. LV. the right of the Berryville and Winchester pike, on open ground in rear of an apparently deep wood. Partly on this open ground,. partly in the wood beyond it, the Second Division of the corps was at this time deploying into line of battle. I immediately visited the brevet major-general commanding the corps, and received from him the order which had previously been given me by a member of his staff; viz, to go into position, hi rear of the right of the second line of the Second ~Division, as a reserve; to place my command in column of regiments, and to guard the right flank of the army, holding myself, in readiuess to move promptly in any direction, and par- ticularly to be ready to wheel into line to the right in case the right flank of the army should be assaulted. The divisioiz was immediately disposed in strict conformity to this order. The First was made the leading brigade, and the leading regiment of the Second Brigade was placed in echelon to the left of the last regiment of the First Brigade, that the Second Brigade might readily become a second line to the First Brigade should the division be obliged to wheel into line to the right toresistanattack inforce on the right flankof the army. A skirmish he of infantry froza the Sixth Corps retired from the ground the division occupied asit went into position. The commanding officer of this line explainedtome the nature of the ground on the rigbt of the division, and added that he had seen cavalry vedettes of our army in advance of aiy portion of his skirmish line while it was out in that direction. I ordered a strong line of skirmishers out in the direction indicated by this officer, with orders to push far out This skirmish line was in addition to the flankers put out on the right flank of the division. These skirmishers and flankers were ordered to move for- ward parallel with the column when it should advance AU dispositions being completed I rode over to the zight to examine the ground in that direction, and was returningwhen the order to move forward was received. The division moved at the same moment that the second he of the Second Division was put in motion, and within close supporting distance of it Almost immediately both divisions were in.a dense wood. I rode forward very near the second lineof the Second Division, that I might be sure to follow that line accurately with the First Divipion. There was little firing at first, but as I ap- proached the open ground beyond the wood through which we were passing, the fire became very heavy, and tue flight of the enemys bullets showed that our first line was stoutly opposed. As I passed the outer skirt of the wood the second line of the Second Division began to yell and advance at a doable-quick in great disorder toward the wood beyond. In this conditibn portions of that line entered the second belt of woods. Only a portion had entered, and they hadhardly disappeared in the wood before the whole of that portion of the two lines of the Second Division which preceded my division came back out of that woods, flying over the open ground between the two woods in the greatest disorder, havin; been repulsed, apparently, with more than ordinary effect My division was at this time moving steadily to the front, but the disorderly double-quick in which the line which im- mediately preceded it had indulged when charging into the second wood had somewhat increased the original distance between the two lines. Some casualties hod already occurred in the column of the First Brigade. I immediately sent orders for the First Brigade to deploy into line to the right, its leading regiment to rest in the edge of the wood out of which I had just passed, and its regiments to extend themselve Page 289 (hlAI. LV.j THE SI-JENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. ~89 along a line of felice, which wis netrlv on a hi ie with the edge of this wood, and at the Same time pai allel with what appeared to be the enemys 1ine. A moment latei I ga~ e this order 1)ersoIlidly to Brevet Brigadier-General Beal, wI o h ul iidden tip. The line of the First Brigade, thus indjeated and I iiincdiatcly toimed iii (OlflphiailcC with these orders, maintained its lne dnrino~- the battle. If once or twice some i)art of it, nnder the severe fire at the enemy, (iroI)Ped back from the tence, it immedittely resIinie(l its i)ositien thieve nndei the direction of its ofticers. Tt us otter 1 had sent back to hasten toe First Brigade. to the fbrniation at tins line that an aide-dc-cain]) at the brevet major- general comnnianclong tie corp5 rode np to me and ( ~cl timed that the running away of the ~eco od Division mnst be stol)ptd V moment or two hater the brevet lnaJorteooera~i cominandiiog thc toips rode up and said to me, Yon mnnst rain vonr limo e in the edi~e of this WOO(l5, and both of tht ciii i~ uot ott to the left Thieve their i~csenc( was greatly reqnired, thy the t~ hmolo line of the Second J)ivmsmon wos shaken that portion ~n front of mime tl~ ng in ~a~ic As it ~X ouht tiLe sonic momootments tbr tiur Yiu 4 Lrio-ade to u P to hue, nod as eve~y monoemit at this time NN is 111 0 tant, I m ode tovwavd, a( cotoopaimmed ov a pottiomi of my stath nto the open gmiomimid mud emdeavomen to oil the troops of the Second lii~ Nion, whoa were lx moo u~ so moondi (lisoldU It Wil5 a hope- less task. Ahrooo ioh I lj id abont inc at one ma as ma my as three stand 01 Wom s belom omml~ tO ~ eoirnents ot thee ~ ond Division, aiid thou oh theme were moe-- e maa~ ofreers ci 1 0-hi ronV (two or three ot tuem colonels), they eonld not be brought to rally thocir men, amid soon went to the rear with thema. Among the troops arid officcis thus o~iir~o to the rear I recoommized many behono-ino- i1~ Ij~4 1 - to aim iOnuu,o Brigades of thie Second Division, and, thiem-efore, froni both of the lines of that division. It wa~ aimoid snehi confusiomi as this, with these rnnaw-ays breakirog throngh the ranks of its regiments, that the line of the First Brigade of this divisiomi waT formed. Bitt it was well amid comoopletelv formed, and iii tinme to meet thoc emmeony, whose line could miow be plainly seen mssulmloo from the wood mmmd iloovumo- out oot() tloc opeio orotumod. The extent of tim b~oe of tie emeiiv- wus ivmmvhv vmsoble mn(l ~v us distinctly mmmmmrkrd b~ tlmemi ha- Ic 1m- o~ \\ hue the hi~a of the lAmrst Brigaole was loruming I hid ~emo r nmv aide ole cammm~o, Lient ii orit Payn(, to tminol General MeMihlan ( omomnaomummoo- time Set ~nu brigade, to uu~~e Iota ~orwarol, for thoc sinole line of the Fuist Lum~aoie mxas thoc omohy not unti ~ force uiow on thoc in hot of the whole armoo~ to resist floe aoL aooo c of lb it t(irce of the eooeioox thmot hm& itist drx coo fuoni the field thu 4wo Iota ~ oil the Secotid Divisuomo XX hen ttmoc flue ci tie. First Eruo-iole stopp d the advance of the eneoooy, I was still more ailxmoums fau floe iii iv ii of the Second bum- gado, that it mmoi~ht he tuoroowit upoil tin l ft think ot the em toy s hoooe., which was plaimilv to ho ~eeio. As tinme sho oed in ~ , it bee nat cx ooleiot that the First Brigade would not be drivemi train its lute the volume. ~oiid steadiness of its Inst hi-c haviio-con~ mom ced thoc eiiemooy tbiti sti oiog Ibuec was still in timed ruomut. Tioc Second brioude of Ibis dmvosoon still litiled to ippear noun thoc direction in which I bool ed for it, aio(l us I was nimable to accotuor for its oletentuon, I left noy octimlo ossistajot iidjuutamit oemmerd on time line of the liust brm~ade aiod wetot to look for the Sco-omod Bimoade myself I foomood Ifirco reooiooeomts of this bilo-ade as somali as I entered the mumnmn ux acid mumovmno- thoromugho floe woods far to the left omid so otoewhoat to tI uo om on the P ti-st Briiade, Thoese uegi- nueruts wert sornuonmothed by in tix es tuorom thor Second Division aoo(l by brakeot hiol tioums of reginmemmv I ant mt ohivosian [ ordered the regi- 19 P v your, NEmur Page 290 290 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD.~ AND PA. [Czar. LV. mats halted ad marched in the opposite direction, at the same time urging the fagitives about them to join these perfect organization; in whose ranks they would find a opportunity to fight with effect. I am happy to say that this was done in may instances ad good muikets were thus made instantly available against the enemy. One case worthy of mention is that of the colors of the Fourteenth New Hampshire Volunteers, which joined the Eighth Regiment Vermont Volunteers, and continuing with that gallant reqiment, attracted many men to it, whose services were valuable. While thus moving these regiments to the right, with the intention of renewing the attack there, and in the hope of being able to outflank the enemy, I was informed that the regiments had been moved to the left by General McXilh& n on a order from lie brevet major-general commanding the corps, which order had not beep sent through me. I knew that the necessity must be urgent which could remove one of my bryades to a different portion of the field without my knowledge. ere ore ordered these regiments to be halted while I went to the brevet major-general commanding the corps. I immediately represented to him that all the force possible should go to the right, as that was the point to continue the attack and as there was therebut the single line of the First Brigade of this division. But the necessitywhich had caused the Second Brigade to be rnovedto the left still weighed with the brevet ma~jor.general commandin~ and their movement to the left was renewed under the eye and dfrection of their brigade commander. Two of these regiments, viz, the Eighth Vermont andtheTwelfthConnecticut VOlnnteer5,were soon sent forward to the front, nearly on the left of the line of the corps. The condition of the Second Division having rendered this distribution of force neces- sary, all thought of continuing the attack with the First Division was out of the question; the security of the line of the First Brigade alone required attention. Brevet Brigadier-General Beal was directed to protect the right of that he with what remained of the Second Brigad~ andatthesametimetoactas asupporttothatline. Itwas suppose that this support would consist of that portion of the Forty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers not en~ in skirmishing an he One hundred ad sixtieth Regiment Net York Volunteers; but before the One hundred and sixticth Regiment New York Volunteers could report to General Beal it became necessary to replace or re-enforce the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment NewYork Volunteers, which was on the left of the he of the First Brigade. This regiment (One hundred and sixtieth New York) under its intrepid lieutenant-colonel (Van Petten), was ordered to tbis duty~ no more difficult or honorable duty could be assigned to it. The heroic One hundred and fourteenth New York Volunteers, in its exposed position, had lost over 60 per cent. of its numbers; it required a intrepid regiment to fill such a position. Under all these circumstances, and through the directions of the bre- vet major-general commanding the corps, the position of the First Division now be~ame a purely defensive one; it was posted as follows: Three regiments of the First Brigade and one regiment of the Second Brigade In the front line, on the right, in the edge of wood and along the fence above mentioned; two regiments of the First Brigade (one, the. Thirtieth Massachusetts Volunteers, a very small one) and a por- tion of a regiment of the Second Brigade as a reserve to.the above line and observing the right flank; two regiments of the Second Brigade on the left of the line of the corps; five companies of a regiment of the Second Brigade were deployed as skirmishers on the left of the com- mand. This disposition of force remained unchanted until the arriva Page 291 Can. LT.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 291 of General Crooks command in line. I regret to state that the force of skirmishers on the right of the command failed to advance as far from the right of our line as was expected and as would have made them most efficient, and also failed so to foflow the movement of the division as to become thoroughly engaged with the enemy. The orders given to this line were obeyed, but not with the enterprise and spirit which should have characterized the obedience. The most Important. consequence of this failure was that it enabled the enemy to post two gnus on our right flank, which enfiladed much of the ground occupied by the division. Activity, dash, and vigor In the management of this large force of skirmishers would probably of itself have driven these guns away orled to their capturo. But one attempt was made to use the battery of artillery a to this division on this pound, and that without effect. The batterythe Fifth New York Independent Battery, commanded by Lieut John V~ Grantdid good servIce during a portion of the day under the direction of Captain Taft chief of artil- lery on the staff of the brevet ma~jor-general commanding the corps. On the command of General Crook arriving in line, and when that com- mand should relieve the First Brigade of this division, I was directed by the brevet mi~jor-general commanding the corps to remove the troops on the right of the line and to unite my division on what had been the left of the corps lin% preparatory to an advance. As General Crook immediately advanced and outflanked the enemy my division could not be united in Its new position in time to take part in that advance. I am glad to say, however, that the two regiments of the Second Brigade on the left of the line did participate in that advance and rendered valuable service. Under tine brave colonel of the Eighth Vermont Volunteers, that regiment and the Twelfth Regiment Connect- lent Volunteers advanced against the enemy at the sight of the qen- eral advance of our lines. Colonel Peck, of the Twelfth Connecticut Volunteers, a most gallant gentleman, had been previously borne from the field mortally wounded The division was soon united and moved rapidly forward, and while it was m motion I was personally ordered by the brevet ma~jor-general commanding the corps, who at this time was near a battery which he had just posted, to take up a podition on the extreme left of the army. The brevet major-general commanding the corps at the same time stated to me that he had directed tbe Second Brigade to move forward to this line, and ordered me to give like directions to the First Bri- gade. On the way to the left of the lines I was met by the major-pen- eral commanding the army, who directed me to report with the divis- ion to Major-General Wright, at the same time saying, or General (ietty; lie will put you in and sending with me an aide-de-camp, who conducted me to General 4etty. That officer immediately indicated to me the position of his left, General Bidwells brigade, and directed that my right should connect therewith. General (ietty had scarcely given this order when I met Major-General Wright, who directed me to form the division in two lines, and to put it in in prolongation to the left of the lines of the Sixth Corps. These dispositions had just been com- pleted when the brevet major.general commanding the corps came up and directed me to move the division to a stone wall, a few hundred yards in advance of and parallel with the lines then occupied. Here the division remained until dusk, when it was again moved forward to the brink of a small stream, where it went into bivouac for the night on the left of the Second Division Page 292 292 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Lony. LV. Such were the o tious of the division during the great battleof the 19th of September; they were ~ ~tw~d~~shed in its con. duct in folhlling the duties demanded of it; they were unsatisfactory from the circumstances attendingits being put into action. No division ever came into action under more unfavorable and disheartening sur~ roundingsit was preoeded by two strong lines of the Second Division, being two foil bri es, nearly2 if not uite, equal in numbers to itself via, the First and Fourth Brigades of the Second Division; it came into action with both of these brigades, or a great portion of both, ilyingin panic from before the enemy, who were advancing in pursuit of them. So great was the confusion, so numerous those who burst through its ranks, that it was difficult to form the line of the First Brlgad& The same disorder prevailed in a sufficient degree elsewhere to mae it necessary that orders should be sent to different portions of the division without coming through its immediate commander. The significance of this is obvious; the fruits of it were the usual onescon- tradictory orders, i.e., those issued by the corps commander. without being transmitted tothe division commander, differing from those issued by the commanding officer of the division, and the separation of the bit gades of the division. The circumstances could only have occurred~ and such orders could only have been rendered necessaiybythe almos total defeat of the divisi9n which preceded it into action. Under all these difficulties not an organization of this division was broken by the enemy (it repulsed the enemy and lost. sevetely in so doing), but it held every position in the line to which it was assigned. I had wished to write this report of the operation of the First Division *ithout referring to other troops or other organizations, but I have not been able to write the truth, which alone is valuable in papers of this character, without speaking freely of the conduct of other troops not under my command, and of the circumstances which affected the division and gave a character to its share in the great battle; it is a duty I oweto the division itselt and to its great number of heroic dead and wounded, including so man regimental commanders; it is only thus that I can show at the fellinimportant and honorable duty, essential in the conduct of the battles that it was through no fault of theirs thattheyweredeprivedofthe glorious and more congenial duty of continuing the attack, a duty which their conduct under the most try- ing circumstances has shewn they would have performed with a vigor which must have earned laurels and distinction. This report must show why it was that in an offensive, attacking battle, to which it advanced in column of regiments as a reserve ready to make that attack decisive, the division was at once reduced~to staying a panic, holding a line, to occupying defensive positions widely separated from each other rining this duty the losses of the division were severe, but not one regiment of the division faltered. In the case of one regiment, the One hundred and fourteenth New York Volunteers, the percentage of killed and wounded is almost without a parallel in the histoq of the war. The night following the battle but sixty men were missing frointhe ranks of the division not accounted for in killed and wounded. IdesiretocallattentiontothedistinguishedconductofCOlOnelPer Lee, of the One hundred andtourteenth New York Volunteera He was twice wounded. After the colonel was borne from the field the regt. ment was commanded by Ma~jor Curtis, whose good conduct was con- spicuous. Indeed, all the officers of this glorious regiment conducted themselves in a manner which is above prais& Colonel Thomas, of th Page 293 Sw. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 298 Eighth Vermonl was distinguished by his bravery and activity In services mentioned in this report; Lieutenant-Colonel Van Petten, of the One hundred and sixtieth New York Volunteers, for his gaUnt conduct in relieving the One hundred and fourteenth New York Volun- teen, and in zemaining in the saddle throughout the day though severely wounded; CoL Edwin P. Davis, for his able and gallant con- duct in charge of the regiments of the First Brigade on the he of the fence above referred to. In the death of Colonel Peck, of the Twelfth Connecticut Volunteers, and of Major Knowlton of the Twenty-ninth Maine Volunteers, the division lost two of its mod gallant and efficient regimental commanders. I wish to express my acknowledgments to the gentlemen of my staff for their activity, gallantry, and zeal throughout the day. Capt John (1. Leef% of the One hundred and sixtysecond New York Volunteers, my acting assistant adjutant-general, was particularly efficient on the exposed he of the First Brigade. Capt Charles W. Underhill One hundred and fourteenth New York Volunteers, acting judge~ad?ocate on my staff; rendered essential service inthe posting of the distinguished regiment to which he belongs. On the 20th thedivision moved in pursuit of the enemy in its desig- nated position in the march, halting near Strasburg. On the 21st the division was moved onto a line of hms opposite to Fishers Hi~ which later was the position of the enemy. During the evening of the 21st and the early morning of the 22d the lines of the army were moved to the right, and this division, in obedience to orders, kept its position in the movement, and on the forenoon of the 22d intrenched itseltas directed. In obedience to an order from the brevet major-generalcom- manding the corps, a regiment of this division, the One hundred and sixtieth Sew York Volunteers, together with four companies of the Thirtieth Massachusetts Volunteers, and joined by the skirmish line of the division, charged an y carried a line of the enemys rifle-pits in front of ~ Hill. This was done in the afternoon. Shortly after the captured line was strengthened and the flrst Brigade of this division was ordered to occupy that he. This was hardly accomplished, when, on an order from the brevet major-general coin manding the corps, the First Brigade was ordered to charge forward and the Second Bri~e to advance to the captured rifle-pits. The First Brigade charged under a considerable fire of the enemys artillery, when a general advance of the division was ordered in coiUunctiou with the advance of other troops, and Fishers Hill was occupied by this army, the enemy flying m the wildest confusion. The division was immediately ordered on in pursuit, without reference to the position of other troops. In thus pressing beyond Fishers. Hill it passed over the artill he enemy, which had been firing on the charge of the First Brigade, but without taking nate of it Night did not put an end to the pursuit, which was continued to Woodstook, a position reached long before day. During this pursuit, and while portions of this division were advancing in company with portions of the Second Division, the enemy, posted beyond a small stream, opened upon our column, which was not very well organized. In the darkness this produced some confusion and wild firing from troops in rear of the advance. As .1 was with our skirmishers at the time, in company with several mem- bers of my stafl, the necessity of some order in dislodging the enemy was apparent to me, and I reported to General Grover, my senior, and by his ~on put my command in order. General Grover dislodge Page 294 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHiP. tv. the enemy aiid the iiight march to Woodstock met with no further oppositloil. The diVision went into l)ivollac l)eyolld that town at day- light next morning on ground assigned it by the corps commander. I inclose two lists of casualties, showing the loss of the division on each day. It may be well to add that, notwithstanding the severe lists of casualties on the 19th, there are now but three men missing from the division. I also inclose copies of the reports of my brigade command- ers, to which I would respectfully call attention. The Third Brigade of this division took no part in either action, being on detached duty at Harpers Ferry. I have the honor to be, major, very respectfully, your obedient serv- Maj. D. S. WALKER, Assistant Adjuta at- General. WILLIAM T)WiGHT, Briga dier- General, Commanding. [Inclosure No. 1.] Special field return of the First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, after the action of September 19, 1864. Total killed Wounded XI ssmg casualties. Troops 29th Maine 2) 95 30th Massachusetts 9 9 153d New York. - 10 10 4 53 57 Th Th 114th New York. - 20 20 8 160 168 8 8 116th New York.. .18 .4 14 14 47th Pennsylvania 8th Yermont . .-. 9 9 160th NewYork. 9 1~ 14 1 4) 4~ 12th Connectico5 ~ 03 51h New York Battess Total* 6 67 71 22 42 444 78 8 ho lo..use No ) .~ I 1 14 Io ~1 8 218 926 19 49 19 21 21) 43 91 K ~ I) tO) 71 h Effective strength next d y. H lb 334 261 278 327 348 11(1 122 128 347 I 513 533 3s~ 21 241 379 109 28 571 154 880 3. 043 ____ 1601 2, Special field retnrn oJ the First Division, Nineteentle Army Corps, after the action of September 1864 using. Total casualties. Effective strength next (lay. Killed Wound) (I Troops. .-~ I VHc ~H ~ ~IHIZ ~!H ~ ~ H 29thMaine 1 .1 P 1 3 416 313 329 l0thMassachusetts 3 .i~ 1 6 ~ I 1 910115 2511 266 ll6thNewYork 1 1 9 9~ 1010 28 265 283 153d New York s :~ 21 310 311 13 114th New York 16o~ 8tliVerniont I 1 1~ 4~ 1 3j 1 1 533 47th Pennsylvania I I 9 212 241 160th New York 12th Connecticut 17 362 379 5th New York Battery 1 3 106 109 1 1 4 I 3 30 33 103 2,84~ 2.996 Total 4 .1 26 )9 lInt see ~evised P11)10, p. 114. 294 ant Page 295 Car. LtJ Tfl sminoAn t~LkY CLMPAIGlt. 295 (Indouuemoat.] HDQRS. DRTonun NmnTnirTH Air Corns, Xe Cedar Oreek~ Va., October 11, 1864. Respectfully referred to Brigadier-General Grover, commanding Sec- ond Division, for remark, with explanatory letter of Brigadier-General Dwight. By order of Brevet Ma4or-General Emory: DUXCAN S. WALKER, Assistant A4jutant-GeneraL [helms to lndouueamt.] HDQRS. FIRST Divxsxoir, Nxni~nNTH Ann Cozn, Xe Fukey. Hill, Va., October 9,1864. Maj. D. S. Wan:, Assistant A4jntant-Generai: But: I hare had two interviews with the brevet major-general com- manding the corps upon the sub)ect of my official report of the part taken by this division in the actions and operations of tins fly on the 19th and 22d of September, near Winchester, Va., and at this plac& In consequence of those interviews, I have the honor to submit the fol- lowing supplement to that report: The result of the first interview was that I substituted for a para- graph m my report another ph containing a fbllqr and more detailed statement of the subjec~matter of that paragraph. I was glad of the opportunity of so doing, because the brevet major-general commanding considered the matter as personal to bimseli, and because I am glad tomake everything concerning which I consider it my duty to report as plain and distinct and as little liable to misapprehension or misconstruction as possible. I how, in the more detailed statements which I am about to mae on the subjects to which the brevet major- generalcommanding the corps has seen At to call my attention, I shall be as MU ~ to. In both interviews the brevet major-general commanding insisted on stating that my report criticised the Second Division of this corps, and although he agreed that the conduct of that division was bad enough, yet he thought that my criticism, as he was leased to call it, was, to use his own words, too highly colored and unwise, andthatlhad one outof my way to makeit. I had hoped that the very distinct disclaimer that Imade inour first interview would have convinced the brevet major-general commanding the corps that I had no intention to criticise any one, still less to go out of my way to make any statement which I did not consider it my duty to mae, in justice tomy division and as necessary to a proper understanding of. its share in the action and of the character of its operations. But in the second interview the brevet major-qeneral commanding not only reiterated his statement, that I had criticised the Second Division, but thought thatl ought to rewrite my report and avoid mentioning the Second Division at aU. In advising me very considerately to do this, the brevet major-general commanding told me to consider this advice official if I pleased. My report was written with mature deliberation, with the single purpose of telling the truth and of doiug justice to my command. If I had criticised any one I was not aware of it. I meant simply to state facts, and only facts which bore upon the operations of my 4ivision. No personal feeling had entered my mind. In the ma Page 296 296 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHar. Lt nificent successes of this army 1 ahould have been willing to make no report at all and to let the division takeonly that share of the common glory which could not fall to be reflected upon it. Certainly Iliad no intention to detract from others in the bope of adding to the credit of the division I have the honor to command, least of all could I utter a word of criticism on the Second Division for such an unworthy pur pose. But if 1 wrote at all I must write the truth. As this was the spirit in which the report was written, I told the brevet major-general commanding I would read the report over again and see if it could be altered and retain those essential elements. I have read and reread the report, and the result is that I cannot change it, but I am quite ready to make more detailed statements on all the points to which the brevet major-general referr& 1. I understand thosepoints to be: First, that the report criticises the Second Division; second, that the brevet major-general commanding the corps calls for thenames of the Officers belonging to the Second Division whom 1Mw running away,who failed to stop and rally their commands; third, that the brevet major-general commanding the corps considers me ipistaken as to the matter of fact, as to whether the right of the second line of the Second Divisiou did, immediately after enteringthe wOod wherethey metthe enemy, fly from that wood in panic and confasion; fourth, that my own report is incor- rect in the statement that no portion of my command broke during the engagement, that, in fact, a portion of my troops did break and were ralliedby General Grover, commanding the Second Division; fifth, that my own manner of executing an order on the morning of the 22d of September is not fully stated in my report, and is open to criticism In reply to the first point I have the honor again respectfully to refer the brevet majorgeneral commanding to the report itselfit is a statement of facts, not a criticism; it states what did ha pen with regard to the Second Division, not what ought to have been done; that there was a disaster, not that there should have been none, or that the cause of it was inadequate; it makes these statements not in the detail which a desire to criticise would evoke, but only in those places and of those portions of that command where the action of the First Division, and~ what happened, affected its conduct, its duty, and its share in the battle. To say what I have of the conduct of the Second Division is as essential to an understanding of the part taken by the First Division in the early part of the battle as is the statement of the rapid and successful advance of General Crooks command later in the day to the part the division then took in the action. The first is most dwelt on because its influence held longer and more important sway. No personal considerations influenced me for an instant. I have the highest respect audregard for the commanding general ofthat division. Had my own brother commanded it my report would have been the same. Second. I do not know the names of the officers of that division, Mid the conthsion among the many officers and men who passed me iii that - open fleldin passing tothe rearwas too greatforme,atthetime,to recognize them or ask their names. I inclose statements of officers of my staff, which will detect some of those who went farthest to the rear, if the brevet major-general commanding deems it advisable. All of these officers went far to the rear of mnyfront line, many of them papsed me in front of that line. I made the statement concerning them, con- tained in my report, from no wish to make myself their accuser. I mentioned them only as is my duty to mention all that is essential, an Page 297 Cear. LV.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 297 because it shows distinctly what part was taken at that time in the battle by the First Brigade of my division, and that can be shown in ito other way. Third. 1 saw with my on eyes from the midst of the open ground over which the second line of the Second Division had just charged that line enter the wood beyond and immediately come out in a panic. his a fact of which my senses could not be unaware. I am not likely to be deceived as to time or to imagine what does not take pine. Officers near me saw the same thing. The events which followed are in consonance with what I saw. Fourth. I have been unable to find any one among the officers of the regiments of my division who at any time saw any one of them broken. Certainly, in passing from the extreme right to the extreme left of my lines, receiving constant reports from staff officers, or, when stationary, awaiting them, it never was intimated to me that a regiment faltered. I have heard that, when a portion of the First Brigade was retiring, for certain reasons supposed to bq good at the time, under the direction aud by the order of the officer in command, it was supposed they were falling back before the enemy; among others, that General Grover supposed so, and, with the gallantry for which lie is distinguished, at once went to rally them but he made the same mistake that all did who supposed they needed rallying.. They were, in fact, at the time moving back under orders to receive ammunition. After patient inves- tigation I have not been able to find that anyregiment of my command moved on that day except through an order from competent authority. But had it been a kact that a portion of my command had broken, it would have been gratifying to me to have heard that it had been promptly rallied and turned against the enemy; and that gratification would have been heigittened, I trust, had I known that the work was done by one who had voluntarily taken upon himself the duty. The glory and honor given to others is not taken from ourselves. Fifth. The order referred to in the fifth point required that my com- mand should move at daylight of the 22d of September to occupy cer- tam ground held the night before by a division of the Sixth Corps; it was, at the same time, reqcaired that my right should connect with the left of the Sixth Corps. At the same time that 1? received this order, I received information from the commanding officer of the left division of the Sixth Corps that his command would move more than the length of a division from his right, and.that I must follow his division to con- nect. Be added that he should make the move before daylight. The. earliest dawn at the tiihe was between 5 and 5.30 a. m. I ordered that my division should follow the Sixth Corps and move at 4.30 a. in., and connect with its left. Allowing for the usual and unavoidable delays in very early moves, I considered this a proper execution of the order, particularly after the information I had received from the division commander of the Sixth Corps, who would be on my right and with whom I was to connect. He would move before day; ft was a move several hundred yards nearer the enemy; it was important that his left should be covered, and that seemed to me the most important Point. I directed a staff officer of my on to conduct each brigade. These stff officers did so, and were with the brigades at 3.45 a. m. The brigades were well commanded and the commanding officers well informed of what was required of them. The duty was neither a diffi- cult nor a hazardous one. My headquarters were in so close proximity that I could be present at a moment warning, so I did not go to the junction of the right of my command with the left of the Sixth Corp Page 298 ~98 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. V~nxi. LV. nutil I saw the Second l)ivision iii motion, changing its position. This division had been the second line to my old position; it was now mov- ing to become the second line of my new position. I thought I had exercised every care and taken every 1)1 ecantionif I had the order to execute over again I do not think it could be done with more atten- tion or better success. I have thus minutely stated the facts with regard to all the points to which my attention has been called by the brevet major-general com- inanding. I have tricd to make the statement as simple as possible. I meant in my original report to devote myself to a plain and not too minute statement of what I believed to be the facts. Nothing was fnr- ther from my intention or desire than to throw a stone, or to draw a discreditable inference, or to utter a word of censure, or snggest an improvememit on what was done the total success was enough to rejoice over. I reported everything essential to an understanding of the part taken by my division in the actionsmilitary ethics, truth, and jnstice required that of me; I believe I have done no more. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, youu most obedient servant, WILLIAM DWIGHT, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [Sub-inclosure No. 1.1 IIPQRS. FIRST DIVISION, NINETEENTh ARMY CORPS, Near ~Strasbmrg, Va., October 9, 1861. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM DwIGuT, Cowman ding First Dir ision, Nineteenth Army Corps Sin: In obedience to instructions, I have the honor to report that on Monday, 19th of September, 1564, during the engagement near Win- chester, I observed the right of the second line of the Second Division, formed by the Fourth Brigade of that division, to break suddenly toward the rear. This part of the line (being all of it that I could see) had previously advanced in good order through a wood, in rear of which the line of battle of First Division had beemi form ned, across an open plain, at a double-quick, and into the skirt of a wood omi the other side of this plain. The troops of the Fourth Brigade, Second Division, had scarcely entered the wood last mnentioned when they broke to the rear (followed by troops of the First Brigade, Second l)ivision) with every sign of coufusioim and terror, huddling- together, and running in great (lisorder through the line of the First Brigade, First Divisiomi, which was being formed with a view to arrest their flight and to stay the advanee of the enemy, at this time plainly visible. As the officers of the troops in flight, however, as far as I could discover, did not make ammy atteinl)t whatever to rally their mneim, it was, of course, next to useless to suppose that they would form about their colors of their own accord. I made three endeavors to rally mneum about as many stand of regimnental colors, calling on fugitive officers who were near by for assistance, but unsuccessfully. At this mnoment I was ordered to the right of our line and when I returned the troops forming the right of the second line of the Second Divisiou had disappeared froni that vicinity, and with themn all signs of disorder. I noticed many officers running to the rear. many of them field officers, as was apparent fromn their respective badges of rank worn by themn. They did not make any effort to arrest their men. The muames of these officers amid the numbers of the regiments to which they belong are unknown to me. 1 am, sir, very respectfully, your mnost obedient servant, J. G. LEEFE, Acting Assistant Ae-i(jutant- General Page 299 Gnat. LY.j THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OAMP& IGN. 299 [& abiuolosun, So. 3] HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS, Is tk. Field, October 9,1864. Capt. J. U. Inn, Actimj Muietuat AEjtetaat-Oeseral: In compliance with your request of this a. in., I have the honor to make the following report: During the. engagement of the 19th of September7 near Winchester I was present in the point of woods when the First Brigade, rirsL Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, deployed column to cover the retreat of that portion of the lines of the Second Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, which ns in our immediate front. As soon as the line of the First Brigade, First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, was firmly established I gave my attention to the rallying of the troops who were fallin& baok, hoping to form a line of battle in rear of the First Brigade, First Jflvision. In this I was unsuccessful, owing to the fact that so many officers of that command failed to make a decided attempt to reform their men. I saw several field officers pass out of sight to the rear, whose rank should have compelled them to reform their men in. mediately on passing the line of the First Brigade, First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps. As it was, the small squads of men who reformed their lines kept falling back until the whole command that had broken back through our line passed out of sight to the rear. I cannot say how far to the rear their lines were finally established. I saw a stand of colors that had been abandoned by some regiment on the right of the Second Division brought off the Add by an officer of the corps stat Ihave the honor to be, respectfully your obedient servant, Captais, 114th New ron 6. W. UNDERHILL, Volssteere and Judge-Advent.. [Smb4nolosurs No. S.J HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS, October 9,1864. Capt. J. (1. Lnn, Acting Anietant A41 uteet-General: In compliance with the requestof the brigadier-general commanding, I have the ton the 19th of September, at the battle of Winchester, I saw collected about the colors of a regiment, just in the rear outskirts of the belt of woods where the command first formed, sixty or seventy men, with several line and two field officers that on inquiry of one of the field officers, the major, I ascertained they were of the Twelfth MaIn& I expostulated with him for being so far from. the front, and with hiscommand in such disorder. He pointed to thelien- tenant-colonel, saying, I am not the commanding officer; there he ls~ or words to that effect I then urged the lieutenant-colonel to form his men and take them to the front. He said he was only waiting for more men to come in, but did not do anything. In about half an hour after I again saw the same collection; the lieutenant-colonel was then trying toform his men this was about2p. in. Myattentionwasflrst called to this regiment by Lieutenant Phinney, acting aide-de-camp, he knowing me to be provost-marshaL Previous to that time I had seen and endeavored to rally a great many men and officers, whom I did not recognize far in rear of the belt of woods above referred to. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant H. II. POLLARD, Captain and Provoet-Marahal Page 300 (Ow. LV. 800 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., ND., AND PA. [Sub4nclosunNo.4.J HDQRs. FasT Divisiox, NInTnNTH Aux~ Coups, tItraaburg, Y& , October 9,1864. Capt. 3. (1. Inn, Actiug Aesietet A4jutnt-Gseral: SIn: In compliance with the request of the brigadier-general corn- manding,I have the honor to report that on the 19th of September, at thebattleofWinchester I was sent to the rear between the hours of 1 and 2 p.m. by the brigahier-general commanding, and that in passing out of the woods in the vicinity of where corps headquarters flag had been left I came upon a collection of nearly 100 men, with regimental colon, among whom I recognized Major Hastings, of the Twelfth Maine. Upon directing him to march with his men to the frpnt, he appeared to be much embarrassed, but directed me to the lieutenant- colonel, who, he informed me, was in command of the regiment. I found this officet still farther in the rear. When I inquired why he was not at the front, and directed him to form his men and march there, he made a few weak endeavors to do it, but Without effect. He seemed tometobeentirelyindifferentaboutgolligtothefroflt. Iveryscon after this called the attention of Doctor Brownell, medical director of the Nineteenth Army Corps; Captain Sibley, commissary of subsistence, Nineteenth Army Corps; Captain Iuwood,provost-marshal, Nineteenth Anny Corps, and Captain Pollard provost-marshal, First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, to this regiment I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. W. PHIflIEY, Lienteno~nt nd Acting Aeeiets,nt A4jntaat-Oeiser.i. ADDENDA. HDQRs. DETACHMENT NInTnNTH Ar Coups, October 6,1864. Brigadier-General DWIGHT2 Commanding lint Dwiuion: GuwnAL: The attention of the general commanding has been called to the following statement in your report of the engagements of the 19th and 22d of September: It was a hopeless task. Althouqh I hal about me at time y three stand of colon belon g to regiments of the Second Division, ad though there were near memany offleers of high rank (two orthree of them colonels), they could not bebrought to rally their men, ad soon went to the rear with them. The general commanding directs me to say that it is unjust to our comrades to be commanded by such miscreants, and directs that you forward their names as soon asracticabl& respectfully, your obedient servant, I am, sir, very DUNCAN S. WALKER, Assistant A4jutont-GeneraL Charges and specifications against Brig. Gen. WlWams Dwight, U. & rointeers. CHARGE 15T.Conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman. Specification 1stIn this: That Brig. Get William Dwight, com- manding the First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, did, in an officia Page 301 Cuar. LV] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 801 report made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers Hill, Ta., state in words as follows: The line of the First Brigads, thuslndicatedmdimmedlatelj formed Incompliance with these orders, maintained its line during the battle. If once or twice some part of it, under the severe fire of the enemj~ dropped back from the fence, it Im- mediately resumed it. position there under e direction of its officers. Which statement is false and incorrect. This at or near the head- quarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of Sep- tember 1864. ope4icauos & LIn this: That Brig. (len. William Dwight, com- manding First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, did, in an official report made upon the part taken by saUJ First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the baffles of the 19th and 22d of September, near Win- chester and Fishers Hill, Ta., in referring to the Second Division, Nineteeoth Corps, use the following language, viz: That portion in front of me flying in panic. Which statement was false, slanderous, and injurious to the troops referred to. This at or near the headquar- ters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864. Specifi cation 84In this: That Brig. (len. William Dwight, command- ing the First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, did, in an official report made upon the part taken by Mid First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the baffles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers Hill, Ta., state in words as follows, viz: Although I had about me at one time as many as threestandof colors belonging to regiments of the Second Division, and though there were near me many officers of high rank (two or three of them colonels), they could not be brought to rally their men, and soon went to the rear with them. Which statement is subs and willfully false and slanderous and incorrect. This at or near the headquarters First Division, Nine- teenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864 Specification OkIn this: That Bdg. (len. William Dwiqht, com- manding the First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, in an official report. made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, in the baffles of the 19th and 2Sd of September, 1864, near Win- chester and Fishers Hill, Ta., state in words as follows, viz: And though there were near me many officers of high rank (two or three of them colonels), they could not be brought to rally their men, and soon went tothe rear with them. Which statement is wiliftally false and slanderous, and made without afly accurate knowledge of the rank, names, or identity of the officers referred to, or of theirorganisatious to which theybelonged, thus casting a slanderous and injurious imputation in general terms upon the divis- ion. This at ornear the headquarters First Division, Nineteenth Coz~ps, in the latter part of September 1864. Spec.float.on 5tkIn this: Aat Brig. (len. William Dwight, com- manding First Division, Nineteenth Corps1 did, in an official report made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the baffles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers Hill, Ta., state in words as follows, viz: For the single line of the First Brigade was the only Infantry force now cc the right of the whole army to resist the advance of that force of the enemy that had Just driven from the field the two lines of the Second Division Page 302 302 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. Which statement is knowingly and willfully false and slanderous and incorrect. This at or near the headqnarters of the First Division, Nine- teenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864. Specification Gth.In this: That Brig. Gem William Dwight, com- manding the First l)ivision, Nineteenth Corps, did, in an official report made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Win- chester and Fishers Hill, Va., state in words as follows, viz: As time slipped away, it became evident that the First Brigade would not be driven from the line, & c. Which statement is false and incorrect with regard to the said First Brigade and the particular time referred to. This at the headqnarters First. Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864. Specijication 7tlt.Jn this: That Brig. Gem William Dwight, coin- manding the First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, in an official report made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers lull, Va., state in words as follows, viz: Two of the regiments, viz, the Eighth Vermont and the Twelfth Connecticut Volunteers, were soon sent forward to the front, nearly on the left of the line of the corps, the condition of the Second Division having rendered this (listribution of force necessary, & e. Which statement is false and incorrect. This at or near the head- quarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of Sep- tember, 1864. ~pccifi cation 8th.In this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, U. S. Volunteers , commanding the First Division, Nineteeiitl~ Corps, did, in an official report made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of Septem- ber, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers lull, Va., state, when referring, at a certain time, to the position of the troops of the First Division, in words as follows, viz: Two regiments of the Second Brioade on the left of the line of the corps. Which statement of position at that time is false and incorrect. This at or near headquarters First i)ivision, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864. kSpccificatio)m Qth.In this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, U. S. Volunteers, commanding the First Division, Nineteen tIm Corps, did, in an official report made upon the I)art taken by said First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the battles of time 19th an(l ~2d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers lull, Va., state in words as follows, viz: I was directed by the brevet major-general connoanding the corps to remove the troops on the right of the line and to unite my division (in what bad been the left of the corps line, preparatory to an advance. Which statememit is false and incorrect. This at or near headquar- ters First Divisiomi, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864. Spcc~fication lOth.In this: That Brig. Gen. William l)wight, U. S. Volunteers, commanding .First 1 )ivi si{)n , Nimmeteenth Corps, did, in ai official report made upon the part taken by said First Division, Nine- teenth Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 224 of September, 1864, near Winchester amid Fishers lull, V a., state in words as follows, viz: It came into action with both of these brigades, or a great i)ortion of both, flying in panic from before the enemy, & c Page 303 Ow. LV.! THE SHENAND~AH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 808 Andalso: 8o numerous those who burst through its ranks, that it was difficult to form the line of the First Brigade. The first and second of which statements are false and Incorrect and slanderous. This at or near the headquarters First Division, Nine- teenth Corps, in the latter part of September, 1864. Specafi cation lltLIn this: That Brig. (Jon. William Dwight, com- manding First Division, Nineteenth Co~ did, in an official report made upon the p art taken by the said First Division, NineteenthCorps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers Hill, Va., state in words as follows, viz: Under all these difficulties not an organization of this division was broken b the enemy, te., but it held every position In the line to which it we assigned. Which statement is false and incorrect, and which he, the said Brigadier-General Dwight knew, or ought to have known, at the time to be false and incorrect. This at or near headquarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, hi the latter part of September, 1864. Specification 1*tli.In this: That Brig. Gen. Wifliam Dwight, U. S. Votunteers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, in an official report made upon the part taken by said First Division Nine- teenth Corps, m the battles of the 19th and 22d of Septembe4 wee, near Winchester Mid Fishers Hill, Vt, state in words as follows, viz: This report bust show why, te., the division was at once reduced to staying a panic, to. Thus making a false and slanderous aspersion against the Second Division, Nineteenth Corps. This at or near the headquarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, hi the latter part of September, 1864. Speciflcatktn lStk.In this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, U. S. Volunteers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, in a supplementary report to the official report of the part taken by the. First Division Nineteenth Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, ear Winchester and Fishers Hill, Vs., state in words as follows: Although he agreed (referring to the brevet major-general commanding the coups) that the conduct of that division (referring to the Second) was bad enongh, to. Which statement was knowingly and willfully false. in spirit and letter and slanderous. This at or near the headquarters ion 2~Iineteenth C orps, onor about the 9th of October, Divis- 1864. 4peoiflcaffon 14tk.In this: That Brig. (len. Willis Dwight, U. S. Volunteer~m manding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, in a supplemen report to the official report of the part taken by the First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers Hill, Vs., state In words as fbllows, viz: law with my one es from the midst of the open ground over which the second line of the Second Division had Just charged that line enter the woods beyond and Immediately conic out In a panic. Which statenient, so far as it accuses that line of coming out in a panic, is false and slanderous. This at or near the headquarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, dn or about the 9th of October, 1864. Specification lJtl..-.In this: That Brig. (len. Willis l)wight, U. S. Volnteers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, in a supplementary report to the official report of the part taken by th Page 304 304 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD.1 AND PA. [VEAL LV. First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the battles of the 19th and 22d of September, 1864, near Winchester and Fishers Hill, Va., state as follows, viz. It was nova Intimated to me that a regiment faltered (meaning a regiment of the First Division). Which statemehtis knowingly and willfully false and incorrect. This at or near the headquarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, on or about the 9th of October, 1864. Speoifloattos 16tk.In this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight U. S. Vointeers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did sake an official re ft and a supplementary report of the operations of troops at thetattles of the 19th and 22d of September, near Winches- ter and Fishers Hill, Vab, the whole tenor of which, in so far asit referred to the Second Division, Nineteenth Corps, was slanderous, a studied vilification of its conduct, and willfully intended to ii& jure the reputation of the same, and, in so far nit referred to the First Divis ion, Nineteenth Corps, was what the said Brigadier-General Dwight knew, or ought t6 have known, to be a reiterated and willful misrepre- sentation of facts. This at or near the headquarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, in the latter part of September and the early part of October, 1864. SroEAoatEos 17tk..In. this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwigh~ com- manding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, without having aniled himself of the proper means of accurate information by personal presence with his troops on the field of battle for any considerable length of time during the battle of the 19th of September, near Win- chester, Va., did nevertheless, in his official report and supplementary report concerning the same, make statements which were unnecessarily untrue, and did also make sweeping and unnecessarily untrue and slanderou,s aspersions against troops not under his command. This at or near the hcadquarters First Division, Nineteenth Corps, about the latter part of September and the early part of October, 1864. CHARGE 2D.Neglect of duty on the field of battle. Specificatioa letIn this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, com- manding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did neglect and fail to give his proper personal attention to the troops under his command and to be personally present with them during any considerable length of time on the battlefield near Winchester, Va., on the 19th of September~ 1864, when and while his command was engaged with the enemy. Spec j/ioation ELIn this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, com- manding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did at the battle of the 19th of September, 1864, near Winchester, Vt, neglect and fail to cause his command, then engaged with the enemy, to be properly supplied with ammunition and to such an extent as to render it necessary or the com- manding oflicer of the Second Division, Nineteenth Corps, to cause to be issued to the First Division, Nineteenth Corps, commanded by the said Brigadier-General Dwight, 35,000 rounds of ammunition, more or less. Witnesses: Brevet Major-General Emory, U.~ S. Volunteert Brig Get C. Grover, U. S. Volunteers; Brig. Gen. H. W. Birge, U.S. %lun: teers; CoLDavidShunk,EighthIndianaVOluIlteW~5 CoLE.L.Molineux, One hundred and fitty-ninthNewYork Volunteers; CoL Daniel Macau- ley, Eleventh Indiana Volunteers; Colonel Porter, Fourteenth Maine Volunteps; Lieutenant-Colonellisley, Twelfth MaineVolunteers; Major Thurber, Seventy-fifth New York Volun~s; Colonel Fan, Twenty Page 305 Cia. LV] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 805 sixth Massachusetts Volunteers; Captain Fiske, aide4e-camp, First Bri- gade, Second Division; Captain 1Upley~ Fourteenth New Hampshire Volunteers; Lientaisat Wright, acting assistant adjntant-general,First Brigade, Second Division; Captain Goddard, acting assistant quarter. master, First Brigade, SecondDivision Captain Hall, Fourteenth New Hampshire Volunteers; Lieutenant-Colonel les1 Eighteenth Indi- ana Volunteers; Lieutenant-Colonel Wilds, Twenty- ourth Iowa Volun- teers Major Wright, Twenty-fourth Iowa Volunteers; Lieutenant-Col- onel Wilson, Twenty-eighth Iowa Volunteers; Major Meyer, Twenty- eighth Iowa Volunteers; Lieutenant-Colonel Kenny Eighth Indiana Volunteers; Major Polk, Eighth Indians Volunteers; bolonel Love, One hundred and sixteenth New York Volunteers; Captain Clark, One hun- dred and sixteenth New York Volunteers; Major Curtis, One hundred and fourteenth New York Volunteers; Major H~ One hundred and fifty-ninth New York Volunteers, acting assistant inspector-gene Second Division; Captain Hibbert, assistant adjutant-general, Division; Lieutenant Benedict, One hundred and fifty-sixth hew York Volunteers, acting ordnance officer, Second Division, Nineteenth Corps; Brigadier-General McMiflan, U. S. Volunteers. t{on.rAnd many others whose names will be appended in due time. Supplementary speo(floatione to charge *4 agaimet Brig. (lea. Willis.. - Dwight, (1.5. rolntw-s. SpeeiflcatioslstIn this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwi lit, U. S. Vol- unteers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, while the troops of his command were engaged in battle with the enemy and hardpressed and in a critical part of the day, qo to the rear beyond the presence of his troops and beyond the falling of the shot of the enemy, and in a place of comparative safety, and did remain there, to- gether with his staff, or. a part of it, and eat his dinner or lunch. This at the battle of tie 19th of September, 1864, near Winchester Va. SpeeQI cation *4.In this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, ix. S. Vol- unteers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, having, during the battle of the 19th of September, 1804, nearWinchester, Va., a himself for a considerable length of time from tie presence of his troops and from the presence of the commanding general of the corps, did fail to inform the commanding general of the corps or the commanding officers of his troops in the presenceof the enemy as to where he might be found thus making it necessary for the commanding officer of the corps to habitually give aud send orders direct to the commanding offi- cers of his, Brigadier-General Dwights, troops, in the presence of the enemy, and making it necessary for tie senior colonel of his First Bri- gade to assiune command of the same and give such orders as, in his opinion, the exigencies of the battle required. SuinEXBNTAn OHARGE.Misbehavior before the enemy. Specification let.In this: That Brig. Gen. William Dwight, U. S. Vol- unteers, commanding First Division, Nineteenth Corps, did, while the troops of his command were engaged in battle with the enemy and haM pressedandina zitical part of the day, go to thea beyond the pres- ence of his troops and beyond the falling of tie shot of the enemy, in a plate of comparative safety, and did remain there the greatdr part of the time, or a great length of thne, between the hours of 12 m. and 8.30 p. m. This at the baffle of the .19th of September, 1804, near Win- (hester, Va. 201uvoLxLrn,PT. Page 306 806 OPNRATIONS iii it YA.~ W. VA., MD., AND PA. [cue. LV. Specifi caNes *LIn this: That Brig. Gem. William Dwi ht,U.S.Vol-. unteers, commanding FirstDivision Nineteepth Corps, d, while the trooRs ot his command were en gaged with the enemy andhard pressed ~ thepresenceof his troops and beyond the falling of the shot of the enemy, and in a place of comparative safety, and did remain there, together with his or a art of it, and eat Ins dinner orlunch. This at the battle of the 19th of September, 1864, near Winch~ster, Vs Additional witnesses to charges and supplemetitary charges: Colonel Davis, One hundred and fifty-third New York Volunteerr Captain Turner, Twenty-ninth Maine Volunteers; Capt. J. 0. Leeke, acting assistant uijutant~qeneral, First Division; Meat T. C. Otis, alde-de- camp, Second Division; Captain Finley, mustering officer, Second Division. HDQBS. FasT DIvIsION, NinTEnTH Auxr CouPs, Cedar Grub, V& , October 15, 1864. Meat CoL C. KINGSBURY, Anietast Adjutast-Geaerai: Sn: Iwas yesterday, atalate hour in the afternoon, arrested1 by command of Major-General Emory, on certain charges and s tions preferred against me by Brigadier-General Grover, U. S. Volun- teers. A copy of the charges and specifications was served on me this afternoon. The first of these charges relates entirely to certain state- ments in an official report made by me of the part taken by the First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, in the actions of September 19 and 22, at the battles of Winchester and Fishers Hill. I trust that the attention of the major-general commnanding the army has been called to this report In regard to this charge and the specifications attached thereto, I have only to say that I can produce full and satisfactory evi- dence that every statement made In my report is true, although these statements have been cited against me in tha specifications to this charge. I shall produce witnesses to the facts from among officers of my own division. General Grover has appended in his list of witnesses officers of his own division who left the field of battle, and who are known to have left it by every officer of my division who was ordered to the rear on any duty. With regard to the second charge, the con- duct of my division in the battle of Winchester is a su.ffitplyto any charge of neglect of duty on my part The additional charge is too abeurd to merit a reply from me. It is the result of passion mid malicetoo evidently so in the fast that it is the result of my report and not cf my conduct, kor me to treat it wit?k an hing but con I have been officially informed that I was placed in arrest on account of the additional charges and the additional specifications. That they were made two days after the original charges and specifications were handed ha is sufficient evidence that they were prepared rather through the blindness of passion than with may regard to the good of the serv- ice. My whole military career is my sufficient vindication against these charges. I desire that [may not be deprived of the privilege of coin- manding this division throughout the period of active operations in Virginia through such means as Imave been used to deprive inc of that command. I therefore respectfully request of the major-general com- manding this army that I may be relieved from my present arrest and be again placed in command gf nay division, a command to which I wa Page 307 CHAP. LV.I THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 307 assigned, after mature deliberation, by Maj. Gen. E. P. S. Canby, corn- manding Military Division of West Mississippi, and that these charges against me may be tried at as early a date as possible after active operations shall have ceased. I have the honor, further, to request of the major-general commanding this army a personal interview, that I may make to him such statements as are essential to a full understand- ing of this case on his part. Very respectfully, sir, your most obedient servant, WM. DWIGHT, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS, Cedar Creek, Va., October 21, 18G4, Brevet Major-General EMORY, ~Yommanding Detachment Nineteenth Army Corps GENERAL: To promote harmony in the corps T am willing to with- (Iraw my report of the engagements of the 19th and 22d of September, at Winchester and Fishers Hill, and respectfully request that all the papers may be returned to me. I have the honor to be, general, your most obedient servant, WM. 1)W[GHT, Brigadier- General, Commanding. TIDQRS. DETACHMENT NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS, Cedar Creek, Va., October 24, 18G4. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM DWIGHT, Commanding First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps GENERAL: I have the honor to inform you that in pursuance of the request of the brevet major-general commanding, the charges and speci- ficatioiis preferred against you by Brig. Gen. C. Grover have been returned to the brevet major-general commandnw-. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, DUNCAN S. WALKER, Assistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HD QRS. FIRST DIV., 19TH ARMY CORPS, No. 50. Near Strasbnrg, Va., September 21, 1864. The brigadier-general commanding congratulates the division on their share in the l)attle of the 19th, near XX imichester. The style in which you re})ulse(l the attacks of the enemy when the troops iii front of you gave way is worth y of all praise. It was the same enemy you had beaten back at Sabine Ci-oss-Roads and Pleasant 11111, and yOu treated him iii the same manner. You have agaimi shown that order, firmness, and courage w-ill always l)revemlt the emiemys breaking your lines. You also found that the same order and firmiiness enabled you to break the lines of the enemy. Contusion an (I ii nstea(lin ess alone lead to a rel)lllSe. You have lost some of youi best officers and most beloved coInra(les. rflle untarnished honor of time First l)ivisjon is their reward. They are happy in the arms of viet nm-v. By (-ommilalnI of Brigadier-General I)wight: J. G. LEEFE, A (bug A ssista at Adj a tan t- General Page 308 [Gte. LV. 808 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, NINETEENTH AnY Coups, Year Earrieosbnrg, Va., September *6, 1864. Ms~j. 0. H. CUTIS: Sm: lam directed by the brigadier-general commanding the division to express to the officers and men of the One hundred and fourteenth New York Volunteers his high appreciation of the noble conduct dis- played and pignal services rendered by the regiment on the 19th instant, during the engagement at Winchester. The loss sustained but too dearly attests the position held and the devotion shown by the regi- ment that day, exposed as it was for three hours to a heavy crossfire of musketry and artillery. The general, while regretting the severity of the loss, rejoices that so gallant a body of men is attached to the division un4er his command. You are requested to publish this to your command. Very respectibily, your obedient servant, ~. LEEFE, Acting AssIstant A4jutcntOeseraL No.82. Report.! Brig. Ge... Jan... IT. MeMiflan, U. & Army, commanding First DivIsion, of operations October 19. HDQRS. FIRsT DrYISIozI, NInTmTH Ann Coups, Cedar Cree1c~ Va., October 19, 1864. Sm: I beg leave to submit the following report of the Rart taken in the battle of this date near Cedar Creek, Va., by the First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, temporarily under my command: At about 5 a. a F was awakened by the sentinel before my tent, who reported an attack on our pickets. On getting up [heard rapid firing on the extreme let of the position of the Eighth Corps and constantly increasing in rapidity. I at once ordered my command under arms, and proceeded to report to thebrevet major-general commanding, whom I fond on General Grovers front, at a point nearest the enemys attack. Our extreme left was rapidly giving way bEfore irresistible force, and I was at once ordered by General Emory to put my Second Brigade, which was entire, in reserve, in position on General Grovers left and nearly perpendicular to his line of intrenchments, for the pur- pose of checking the enemy, who were evidently rapidly advancing to the rear of and perpendicular to our position. I put the Second Bn- gade, Colonel Thomas, into the position indicated, occupying a deep ravine and thick copse of .wood~ from whence it was soon driven by overwhelming force, but not until completely flanked and nearly one- third of its members were killed, wounded, or captured; but in the meantime the troops on the extreme left, that were rapidly beng sur- rounded, were enabled to make their escape through the line thus formed, from what seemed inevitable destruction or capturi, and pass to the rear and reform their confused ranks. As soon as aware of the magnitude of the attack I rode rapidly to the First Brigade, Colonel Davis commanding, and after ordering the One hundred and sixteenth New York and the One hundred and fifty-third New York to hold their position on the hill as long as tenable, I put the Thirtieth Massachu- setts, Captain Shipley, and the One hundred and fourteenth New York Major Curtis, in line of battle about 400 yards in the rear of the Secon Page 309 Can. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 809 Brigade, for the purpose of holding the position in which they were placed and form a junction with the Sixth Corps. They held the posi- don stubbornly and quite as long as it was necessary for the purpose for which they were put in position, when they fell back in good order and rejoined their brigades. The advance of the enemy along our intrenchments was so rapid as to prevent Captain Taft., conanding Fifth New York Battery, from bringing off three pieces of artillery, which1 I regret to report fell temporarily into the hands of the enemy, but without the caissons, which were safely brought ofl, as was one of the guns. The two regiments left on the fortified hill held their post don untiJ all other troops had passed to the rear and the enemy were passing to their rear and left, when they fell back to the brigade line, when die whole brigade fell back, fighting allthe way to a line in con- tinuation of the line of the Sixth Co where a stand of nearly one hour was made; then the whole line tomr began to fall back slowly, but in tolerable order. I fell back also, but constantly occnpied a porn- don in line in advance of all troops in sight on my left. We continued ~ 2,OOOyardstothe rear of my camp, when the whole line halted and we continued in line for probably forty-five minutes2 during which time ColonelThomas, with the remnant of the Second Brigade, joined me, and Iput him in rear of the First Brigade in a second line. At thetime above referred to (len- eral Grover, accompanied by a staff. officer, rode up to me and notified me that Major-General Wright ordered the whole line to fall back to a position to be indicated or selected afterward. We at once commenced a movement as directed, which was continued for a distance of i,OOO yards, when we halted and formed a line of battle in a good position apparently, and by order of Brevet Major-General Emory fortified it partially with rails and logs. In moving from the last position I was directed to conform to Gen- eral Grovers movements, inclining to the right in retreat. After occu- pying the last-mentioned line from thirty-five to sixtyminutes General Emo directed me to be ready to continue the move to the rear in accordance with instructions from Major-General Wright, constantly inclinin; to the right~ gaining ground toward the Winchester pike, and completing connection with the Sixth Corps. This move was continued for about 2,500 yards, whenthe whole he in my view again halted for about twenty minutes, when I received an order from General Em to face about and reoccupy as rapidly as possible the position last abandoned. After moving about 900 ards in the direction from whence we came the command was halted a fewminutes, when it again moved to the & nt and left nearly one mile, when we again were halted, and after forming he of battle in a heavy wood beqan to fortify as best we could. While on the march last referred to Major- General Sheridan made his appearance, and was most heartily cheered along the whole line, as far as I could observe. The officers and men seemed at once to recover from a kind of lethargyfor it was no panicinto which the reverses of the early part of the dayhad thrown. them, and by the time the~ commanding general had perfected his arrangements for attacking the enemy the men were in as good mental condition to fight as at any period when victory encouraged and stimulated, though much fatigued by the incessant labors performed fromthehourofattackuntilbetwinsand 4p.m. While layinq in thepositionlastreferredto,~ about 1 P.m.the enemy made ahght attack on the First Division and a portion of the line to my left~ but were easily repulsed. During the whole day I occupied the extrem Page 310 310 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. LV. right of Ihe line when advancing, eonse(illently the extreme left wlieui retreatilig. The lighting of the divisiou was as good as I could wish it at all times, and at all times while retreating was iii rear ot the hue ot the whole of our force iu 11W VIOW. So much was the Nineteenth Corps to the rear in the retreat that wlieuu about I ,SO() yards froni our camp I ex pressed to General Grover fears that the enemy would get betweeu us and the Sixth Corps. lie expressed a similar apl)rebenslolI, and said, We must keep a shari) lookout for th~it. Had there been coii- cert of action through our whole force, I believe there was no time after we formed on the hue of tIme position of the Sixth Corps that 1 could not have driven the enemy in my front without (liftlcllltv. While I was constantly driven back, I do not believe my command was at any time whipped, iii its own opinion, or unwilling to turn and attack the enemy, assuming the offensive illstea(l of the dcl ensive. About 2 p. m. General Dwight resumed command of the First Division; I, couse- quently, of the Second Brigade, though after resumrnng the offensive, and the command advanced on the enemy after driving them froni a naturally strong position, covered by dense woods and temporarily fortified with rails, having to charge across an opeim field about 400 yards, the Second Brigade encountered a most murderous fire from hidden enemy on the right and rear. At this critical moment I wheeled the Second Brigade, and by Colonel Davis assistance, two of his regi- ments to the right, forming a line perpendicular to the one of direct attack, and in a few moments drove the enemy flying from his cover. After moving to the right a short distance, I again began to get my command in its former position, to the left and front, wheu Major- General Sheridan rode up amid told me to nuove to the left, so as to conmple~e the hue as when it first advanced. So rapidly had we driven the enemy that a horseman could with diffi- culty get through the woods as rapidly. After changing the direction of the troops, by direction of Major Forsyth, of Major-General Sheri- daum~s staff, I halted my command to wait for General Custer to get into position to protect my right, when I again ordered aim advance through a thick wood, well filled with rebels, but so impetuous was the advance that I was left nearly out of sight in the thick woods. When I got through the woods I found I was,a long distance ahead of our forces, and under fire at short range of a section of the enemys guns. having advanced so rapidly to the front and left, the First Divis- ion appeared to move into the fire of a battery I afterward learned belonged to the Sixth Corps. I at once sent my aide, Lmeutenant MeMillan, who met Major French, of General Emorys staff; who accomn- partied hinm to request the battery to stop. On reaching the Sixth Corps they were informed that word had already been sent the battery com- muander, but the officer commnammding the infantry requested my aide to go to Major-General Wright with the request, but on approaching the battery learned it had already ceased firing. At this point the whole rebel force was apparently flying in utter confusion from the field, and I could have captured many prisoners, but the men were too much fatigued to advance rapidly. So rapid had been our advance, that when we came on the open fields near the pike the left of our line appeared to be nearly 1,500 yards to the rear, thought driving the enemy appar- ently as rapidly as we. In conclusion, I must claim that the fighting of the First 1)ivision was unsurpassed, if equaled, by any. To the officers of my command, during the whole day, I desire to offer most grateful thanks for their cheerful obedience of orders and exhib Page 311 CHAP. INj THE ShENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 311 P4)11 of gallantry in leading their coimnands. To Captaiu Leefe, espe- cially, of General l)wights stall; I am iiider great obligations for the l)1oInl)t and gallant manner in which he discharged his resl)onsible duties during the time I was in command of the (11 vision. I cheerfully (iOlnmend the entire division staff for the efficient manlier in which all duties required of it were performed while undei~ my command. Of my own staff I cannot speak too highly. Of Captain Lynch, especially, I cannot speak too highly in commendation of his gallaiitry and activity. Though his term of service had expired, and he entitled to be niustered out of the service several days previous, he was ever at his post and~ in tile hottest fire, clieerin~v the mcii forward while advancing or cautioning them to move slowly while retreating. I must also call the attention of my commanding officers to the gallantry displayed by Colonel Davis, commanding First Brigade, and Colonel Thomas, commanding the Second Brigade. Both of these officers, at all~ times while under my command, displayed gallantry of the highest order, and I cannot too earnestly recommend them for promotion. The losses of my brigade are as follows: Four officers and 77 men killed; 19 officers and 233 men wounded; 2 offi ceis in the hands of the enemy; 182 men missing, most of whom are in the hands of the enemy; making a total loss of 517 officers and lnen.* While approaching my camp of the morning, driving the enemy in confusion, I received orders froni Brevet Major-General Emory and from Brigadier-General Dwight to follow the enemy to Cedar Creek and reoccupy my old camp. When in camp about one hour I received orders to move at once to Strasburg and occupy a position, holding the towa and vast quantities of property abandoned by the enemy, including many guns, caissons, wagons, ambulances, besides large quantities of other ordnance and quartermasters stores. Respectfully submitted. JAS. W. MCMILLAN, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. DUNCAN S. WALKER, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 83. Report of Bvt. Brig. Gen. George L. Beal Twenty-ninth Maine infantry, commanding First Brigade, of opeations September 1922. HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST Div., 19TH ARMY CORPS, Iiiarrisonburg, Va., September 26, 1864. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the part taken by the First Brigade, First Division, Nim~eteentli Army Corps, in the battles of Win- chester amid Fishers Hill, which occurred respectively on the 19th and 22d of the present month: On the morning of the 19th the brigade marched from the vicinity of Berryville in the direction of Winchester. The position assigned to the brigade in the order of march was inmmediately in rear of the Sec- ond Division, of the Nineteenth Corps. On arriving in the vicinity of the battle-field the brigade was formed in column of regimnents at full distance in rear of the Fourth Brigade, of the Second Division, and a * But see revised table, p. 133 Page 312 812 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Nb., AND PA. [Ow. LV. body of skirmishers, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Strain, One hundred and fifty-third Xew York, were thrown out to.cover our right flank. The line of battle formed by the Second Division, of the Nineteenth Corps, was in prolongation of the line of the Sixth Corps, and the Fourth Brigade of that division held the extreme right of the front line of battle. At about 11.30 a. m. the whole line advanced to- ward the battle lines of the enemy~ The First Brigade advanced in column of regiments through a piece of woods in rear of and within supporting distance of the Fourth Brigade, Second Division. On arriv- big at a point within 300 yards of the front of this piece of woods1 the lines of the Fourth Brigade were discovered to be broken and falling back in disorder. At this juncture I gave the command to my brigade to deploy into line, which was quickly executed, notwithstanding the difficulty occasioned by small bodies of the Fourth Brigade hurrying to the rear. The brigade having formed line, I advanced it in front of the woods to aposition selected by Brigadier-GeneralDwight, command- ing the division. We there opened fire on the enemy, who were steadily pressing forward after the retreating force which had been in our front. The fire from my bri~e checked the advance of the enemy. Soon after information was brought to me from the skirmish line on the right flank that the enemy had placed a battery in position there, and that a body of his troops were making a demonstration on that flank. I immediatelyreportedthisfactto Brigadier-General Dwight~ who ordered me to make such a disposition of nay brigade as wouldprotect the right lank. To do this I moved the Twenty-ninth Maine and Thirtieth Massachusetts, of my brigade, and the Forty-seventh Pennsylvania which had just then reported to me, into line of battle established per- pendicularly to the front line. My brigade held the positions described until about 8 p m when it was relieved by regiments of General Crooks comman4. ?IYhe One hundred and fourteenth, One hundred and sixteenth, and One hundred and fifty-third New York which held the front line, were commanded by Colonel Davis, of the line hundred and fifty-third New York Volunteers, after I had moved the balance of the brigade to the right Immediately after being relieved, Colonel Davis moved these three regiments to the left on the front line, where I immediately after joined him with the remainder of the brigade and the Forty-seventh Pennsylvania At this time the enemy trere falling back at all points, and mybrigade, with the balance of thecorps, were moved forward in pursuit The pursuit was continued by the infantry until night-fall, when it was ordered, into bivouac near the Front Royal pike. The foflowing morning we moved with the balance of the command to Strasburg, where we arrived that evening. The operations of my brigade on the 21st were in conjunction with the remainder of the army in feeling of the position of the enemy at Fishers HilL. The bngade moved from its bivouac ground near Strasburg on the morning of the 22d at 4 a. m.toward Fishers Hill, and at daybreak had established its line on the left of the First Division, of the Sixth Corps, and com- menced the work of constructing log breast-works. At 12 m. I received an order from General Dwight to send a force to capture a range of lightly fortified positions, held by a strong skirmish line of the enemy. Four com~es of the Thirtieth Massachusetts, under command of Ca tam Tremain, together with a body of skirmishers from my bri- gade, which had been fighting the enemys skirmishers during the morning, were ordered to report to Captain Kinney, of my stafl who was charged with the execution of the order. Captain Kinney assent Page 313 Own. tY.1 urn cnrnoa WAZzSr oflcrner. 01S, bled the skirmishers at the point from which the charge was to be made, and was then notified by the adjutant-general of the division that the One hundred and sixteenth Hew York, under command of Colonel Love, was coming forward to assist in the work. At this juncture the One hundred and sixteenth came rapidly forward in line and, together with the command of Captain Tremain, dashed forward after the skirmish- era led by Captain Kinney, and drove the enemy from their -positions. Immediately after these positions were taken the remainder of the bri- gade was moved out, and the line of breast-works extended. This line was held until a few minutes before 6 p. in., when a general charge toward Fishers Hifl was made by the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps, in which my brigade led the advance of the Nineteenth Corps. The enemy having been completely routed we moved forward in pursuit The pursuit continued until daylight tke following morning. I feel it my duty to state that the severest fighting done by my bn gade in the baffle near Winchester was by the One hundred and fourteenth, One hundred and sixteenth, and One hundred and fifty third New York, which held the front line. The subjoined list of casualties describes more dearly than words can the heroism displayed by the officers and men of these gallant regiments. The other regi- ments of the brigade behaved equally as well, but being in a less a- posed position did not suffer so severely. The~~!ant behavior of Col onel Davis, of the One hundred and fifty-third New York, on whom the command of the three regiments in the front line temporarily devolved, is deserving of special mention.0 On this occasion, as on all others, he has displayed the qualities of a brave and efficient officer. The following is a statement of the casualties in the regiments com- posing the brigade. Respectfully, your obedient servant,. GEORGE L. BEAL, Brevet Brigadier-Generql Commaesdk~. Capt J. (1. Lnn, Aotg. last lEft. Ge.., IVrst Div., Nineteenth mug Coup. No. 84. Report of Bri. Gem. Jesse. IT. HoMilies, U. & Army, eouwsedAsg Second Br.,4 of operations September 19. H.m~us. SEcon BRIG., FIRST Dir., 19TH ARIa Coins, Harriinonbur,, Va., September *6,1864. Sn: I havethe honor to transmit a report of the part taken by this bijpde in the battle of Winchester, September 19: When about one mile and a half west of Opequon Creek, in accord- ance with orders2 I put the brigade in position in echelon to the left and rear of the First Brigade, with five companies of the Forty-seventh Pennsylvania Regiment deployed on the right flank of the position as skirmishers, with orders to advance by the left flank with the division. In this position, to the right and rear of the Second Division1 we advanced about one mile, when I moved, rapidly to the extreme right, ad not finding any skirmish line on my right, I immediately deployed Embedied In tables, pp. 114, 121 Page 314 814 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (Oar. LV. the remaining four companies of the Forty.seventh Pennsylvania. About this time I received an order from Genni Emory to move rapidly to the left, to support the left of the Second Division, which was said to be giving way before the enemy. I formed hue in rear of the left of Second Division, and in a few minutes, at about noon, by order of General Emory I relieved Colonel Molineuxs brigade of the Second Division withtherl!3ighthvermontandTwelfth Connecticut, Lieutenant- Colonel i?eck, commanding Twelfth Connecticut, having been fatally wounded by a piece of shell while forming his line preparatory to advancing and relieving Colonel Molineux The Eighth and Twelfth advanced at double-quick in good style, and immediately became hotly engaged with the enemy. While making disposition of the Eighth and Twelfth, the One hundred and sixtieth Kew York, which iliad ordered to advance on the right of the Twelfth, in the woods on its right, was moved to the right and put into action with the First Brigad awl afterward learned, by order of General Dwight Between 2 and3p. m. the One hundred and sixtieth returned to its position where I had left it, and after being~ supplied with a~u- nition I advanced it to relieve the Twelfth, whi was getting short of ammunition. When it was almost to the Twelfth the Eighth Corps charged the rebel left andbroke it, and as soon asit was discovered by Colonel Thomas, Eighth Vermont, he ordered a charge by the Eighth and Twelfth into the woods in front, which was made in splendid style, driving the rebels completely out of tjie woods several hundred yards to a stone wall, where the formed a temporary lodgment. General Emory ordered me no to let the Eighth and Twelfth charge into the Umber, but they went so rapidly I could not stop them until they were in the edge of the woods, when I ordered the One himdred and sixtieth forward to their support, and advanced through the woods to the opposite edge, when 1 was met by a most murderous volley from the enemy be in the stone nil Iorderedthe Eighth and Twelfth to halt at the edge of the woods, and there relieved the Twelfth with the One hundred and sixtieth, and ordered the Twelfth to fall back and get ammunition and join the command as soon as possible. As soon as I determined to continue the advance commenced by my regiments without orders, I notified General Emory also that I could hold the woods. While reporting to General Emory, General Dwight was on the right, where I could not report to him. By ~nest of General Crook I moved my regiments to the left,so astoenfilade the enemy behind the stone fence, and in conjunction with General Upton, of the Sixth Corps, soon drove them with heavy loss. After this my command was not again engaged, the enemy not making a stand north of Winchester erward. My loss was heavy in officers, and among them Lieutenant-Colonel Peck, a gallant officer and a polished gentleman, fatally wounded by a fragment of a shell while preparing to go into action. Ideeply sympa- thize with his many friends in their distress for his loss. J~fruteint- Colonel Van Petten was wounded early in the action quite painfully, but like the gallant soldier he is did not leave the field until after the enemy had. Whilealldidwell, officers and men,I should not dojusticetomy conviction of du d I fail to mention Colonel Thomas, Eighth Ver- mont, for his gallantry and coolness at all times. My staff di4 their duty in a most efficient and gallant style. Lieuten- ant Witherell, acting aide-de-camp and provost-marshal, was the only one struck, and he but slightly Page 315 CHAP. LV.1 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAJON. 315 The losses of my brig~ule are as follows: Rc3iIneiLt Killed. Wounded) Misaiiip. 47th Pennsylvania Yoliiiiteeis 1 8 8th Vermont ii 28 lCJlli New York 14 51 1 12th Connecticut 7 o:i 1 Total a 130 2 Grand total, 183. Before closing this report I niust mention the gallant con(iuCt of Capt. A. 0-. Goodwin, of the Thirteenth Maine, who, having joine(l the l)rigade from hospital after his regiment had gone Ilome on veteran turlough, was assigned to dnty, at his request, in the One hundred and ntioned l)y the COllllflalldifl o officer of that sixtieth ~ew York and is me regiment for most gallant conduct. Respectfully snbniitted. JAM. NV. IXIeMILLAN, 1)~rigaTh er- (~encra l~ ColfllU andrag. Capt. J. 0-. LEEFE, Acting Assistant A ~( jutant- General. No. 85. Reports of Capt. Sidney B. Clark, Twelfth Connecticut Infantry, of operations September 19 and 22. HEADQUARTERS TWELFTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS, Near Strasbury, Va., September 22, 1864. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following account of the part taken by this regiment in the engagement near Winchester, Va., on the 19th, and list of Casualties: The regiment was moved to the front and formed in the second line of battle, under command of Licut. Col. Frank 11. Peck, at about 12m., under a brisk fire of the enemys artillery and infantry; were then iiioved to the left and right on this line several times, owing to con- Ilicting orders. Our position being established, we awaited further orders. Abont this time (1 p. ul.) Lientemiant-Colonel Peck was mnor- tally wounded by a fragment of shell. I then assumed command and Pie regiment was immediately ordered to move to the first line and relieve a part of Colonel Mohineuxs brigade, of time Second Division, which order we executed at the double-quick, passing through the line of the Fourteenth New Hampshire and opening fire on the enemy. This position we held for three or four hours, exposed to a galling fire of the enemys infantry, who were advantageously posted in a belt of woods in our immediate front. Nearly our whole loss occurred in this Ilosition. Upon hearimig sharp firing on our right flank (enemy appar- ently falling back), Colonel Thomas, commanding Eighth Vermont, sug- gested to me that we charge them. My comnlnan(l being then out of anmumunition, and having no orders from you, I hesitated, but Colonel Thm - as being anxious, and in the enthusiasm of the muonient we fixed bayonets, and, in company with the Eighth Vermont, moved at a (louble-quick, driving thc enemy clear of the woods and holding them. Thea received orders to halt and supply ourselves with ammunition. But see reviseJ table, p. 114 Page 316 816 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AU]) PA. [Ow. LV. Found it difficult to restrain the men from continuing the chase. The remainder of the day was spent In following up the routed enemy~ with the brigade much of the time under a shell fire. Casualties: Killedcommissioned officers, 2; enlisted men, 5 total, 7. Woundedcommissioned officers, 3; enlisted men, 00; to& ul, 63. Missingenlisted men, 1. In regard to the conduct of officers and men I have to report that all did so wellthatit would be hardly consistentto particularizealways obeying orders. But I must mention Lieutenant-Colonel Peck, who labored hard to keep the line steady, ad received his death wound in the saddle. His death is a severe and irreparable loss to the regiment. Lieutenants Bulkley ad Steadman were brave and efficient officers, and men of unimpeachablemoral character. Capt J. B. Roche, Coin- W~ under arrest, volunteered for the day. He behaved nobly. 7 em generally a valuable officer. The dry grass in our front caught fire during the engagement, thereby endangering our position; a volunteer was called for to put it out; Corpl. Augustine Gray, Company C, did the .hazardous.duty. Captain, Cosdg. Tsoeifth egifent ootwseo?it2~ ~ Capt. L. A. DIonNsoN Aetg. heat. A4jt. 4.,.., 24 Brig., let Div., 19th Arug Viny.. HEADQUARTERS TwunrTH ConuonouT VoLUNTEnS, Harri.onbnrg, Va., September 26,1864, Sn: I havethehonorto report the following asthe parttakenby this regiment in the engaqement at Fishers Hill on the 22d instant: About 4 a~ m. the regiment, with the brigade, was moved from its position near Strasburg to the right, taking up~ a new position on an elevation masked b thickwoods fortified and rested for orders. One hundred men, iled the night 6efore, were on the left of the picket- line near Strasburg, nder command of Captain Be Forest They were constantly skirmishing with the enemy. At 10 a. in. i was do. tailed as fleldofficerofthedayand assigned tothat partoftheline where our detachment was posted. I left the, regiment in command of Capt S. H. Granniss, Company B. All was quiet in the regiment the remainder of the day until the advance was ordered, when the regiment moved with the brigade, but orders being given by General McMillan for Captain Granniss to report to me at t3trasburg, they pro. ceeded no farther in that direction. The regiment arrived at junction of Manassas Gap Railroad and Strasburg pike about 7 p. in., went into bivouac after relieving the detachment, who had then been on the skirmish line over -our hours. A to withdraw our pickets and rejoin the brigade then in close pursuit of the enemy; moved from our place of bivouac at tOp, in.; marched all night The line of march being difficult and toilsome, the road block- aded by artillery, wagon-trains, and stragglers, we made but slow progress. We joined the brigade about t30 a. m.the next day. IWo casualties occurred during the day in the regiment S. E. CLARK, Captain, Comdg. Twelfth Regiment Couwitlent VoL Infantry. Capt. L. A. Bloniiswr, Aotg. Ant A4jt. Gen.,.24 Brig., let Div., 19th Army Co.ye. see reviast table, p. il Page 317 Ow. LY.J THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 817 No. 86. Report of Lint. CoL George R Lewis, Twe(ftk Connecticut Infantry, of operations October 19. Cnn Cnn, Vt, October X, 1864. Sin: At dawn yesterday I heard heavy artillery and musketry firing on the left of my position and m the direction of the position of the Eighth Corps. I immediately called my command to attention and marched with the brigade to the left to support the Eighth Corps, who were being vigorously attacked by the enemy. When we arrived in rear of the position occupied by the division on the right of the Eighth Corps we found them badly broken and in full retreat. We iinmedi- ately formed line of battle and checked the enemy until both flanks were lapped by the enemy, when we were forced to fall back two miles, which was d6ne in the best order possible under the circumstances. At about 3p. m. we were ordered to advance, attack the & iemy, and reoccupy our former position, which was done in beautiful style, my right with its brigade having the extreme right of the line. At sun- don we had occupied our former l)osltion and wmjdetely routed the enemy. The losses of my regiment were as follows: Killedofficers,. 2; enhsted men, 20. Woundedofficers, 5~ enlisted men, 52. Missing, 93. The officers and men of my command deserve the greatest credit for their bravery and coolness in that trying conflict. Very respectfully, yours, & c., GEO. N. LEWIS Lieutenant-Colonel, Comdg. Twe((tli Regiment Connecticut Vole. Adjt. Ge. L. THoxAs, 1Vaahsngrton, D. C. No. 87~ Report of Lint. John V. Grant, ff$fth Yew Ebri Battery, of operations September 19. IN PosInoN AT SnAsnunG, Vt, & ~ptember 21, 1864. CArrAni: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken in the battle of the 19th instant by the Fifth New York Inde- pendent Battery: At 3 a. met on the 19th instan% I withdrew my guns from position near Berryvflle, and took up the line of march with the First Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, for the Opequon. Crossing the Opequon about 8 a. m. was ordered to follow the Second Brigade through the woods, but fond it impossible to do so on account of the dense undergrowth and a deep ravine, so hadto turn around and cut my way out of the woods again to the rear. 2p.m. was ordered by the chief of artillery to bring a section to the front; then went into position on the right of the Nineteenth Corps, then forming for a charge. Fired a few shells and again moved tbrward with the Nineteenth Corps then charging; came into position four tiuies, when the line halted. Again ward with the charging line to near Winchester, where Page 318 318 OPERATIONS IN N. VA~, W VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. IV. halted mail about ~i p. in., when I was again ordered to join the First Division, and went into camp in rear of the Second Brigade, First Division, for the night. Expended twenty-eight rounds of ainrnnnition and had two horses wounded. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. V. GIiANT, First Lieutenant, Commanding Battery. Capt. JOSEPH HIBBERT, Jr., Assistant A djn t(( n t- General. No. 88. Report of Brig. Gen. Oncier (irover, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division, of operations September 1923. IIDQRS. SECOND DIVISION, NINETEENTH ARMY CoRPS, October 1, 18G4. SIR: For the Second Division, Nineteenth Corps, at the recent battles of the 19th last near Winchester and 22d last near Fishers Hill, Va., and the operations immediately connected therewith, I have the honor to make the following report: At 2 a. in. on the 19th the division, being tIme advance of the Nine- teenth Corps, left its camp near Berryville and marched in the direc- tion of Winchester. When within about two miles of the Opequon ford, pursuant to orders, we halted to allow the Sixth Corps, moving on onr right with its ordnance and ambulance train to take the a(ivance. Soon after daylight the firing of artillery and small-arms became quite rapid in the direction of Winchester, and I received orders to push forward, in ad vance of the before-mentioned train, with all practicable rapidity. having arrived at the front, the division was rapidly formed in two lines of battle on the right of the Sixth Corps. General Birges (First) brigade formued the right and Colonel Sharpes (Third) brigade the left of the first line, with Colonel Shunks (Fourth) and Colonel Molineuxs (Second) brigade on the right and left, respect- ively, of the second line. In this order, at 11.45 a. in., in conjunction with the Sixth Corps omi the left and the First Division in echelon on the right, the lines advanced over a country much broken, and quite densely wooded OH our left, and soon encountered the enemy in strong position and force, with artillery well posted and sci-ved. The enemys first line was broken and driven in by our steady advance with consid- erable loss on our side, but without check. i)uring this advance, owimig to the nature of the gronud and the greater obliquity of the movement on the left than could have been anticipated, an imiterval of some 400 yards occurred between the left of General Birges brigade and time right of Colonel Sharpes. 1 do not think, lmowever, that in the general result this interval operated to our (lisadvantage, as it enabled us to cover greater distance to the right where the enemy nearly out. flanked mis in st.rommg force. To 1)revent, however, the enemy from tak- imig any advantage of this interval Colonel Molineuxs brigade was ordered to advance froni the second lute and cover the opening. Upon the arrival of General Birges brigade to an advaimtageons position, and imi prolongation ot the line held by the troops on the left, it was ordered to halt amid lie down and await orders but liavimig driveit the enemy from his first line, in the noise and excitement of the battle, though from my personal observation time officers without exception did Page 319 Cigar. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 819 their duty, they were for a time unable to restrain the impetuosity of the ranks, and the whole brigade charged ma man and drovethe enemy some 300 yards beyond where its flanks were supported or could at that time receive the proper support. Receiving a fire of artillery and small- arms upon front andI~ of course it was obliged to retire. It did not do so however, until Ihe lines on the left had retired, including Oolonel BLarpes brigade, which held its position until its left was exposed to the enemys advance by the failing back of the troops on his left. As the advance line retired the reserve line moved forward in front of the woods from which we had at first debouched and with the assistance of two sections of Captain Bradburys (First Ikaine) battery, held the enemy completely in check. Colonel Sharpe, commandingthe Third Erijade, was severely wounded in the first advance, and the com- mand of his brigade devolved upon Lieutsnant~Colonel Neafie, of the One hundred andflfty-sixth New York, who still held his command on the immediate right of the Sixth Corps. General Birges brigade reformed on our second line In the edge of the woods on our right, the Fourth Brigade holding the front on that flank, while Colonel Noli neuxs held the advanced position on the left This Found was holly contested for some hours, and the enemy pressed heavily upon our right flank and annoyed. our lines considerably by a battery which nearly enfiladed them. When the ammunition of these brigades was expended they were relieved by the First Division and resupplied themselves from the rear. I must make special mention here of the excellent service done by the Eleventh Indiana Volunteers, Colonel Macauley commanding and the One hundred and thirty-first New York, Colonel Day commanding; the One hundred and fifty-sixth New York, Ueutenan~Col~iiel N com- manding, and the First Maine Battery, Captain Bradbuq commandin~ None of the troops, however, who were here engaged failed to do their whole duty and to reflect credit upon the soldiership of the rank and file and upon the gallantry of their commanders. At a little after 3p. rn. General Crooks command took position on our right and moved upon the enemys flank, and an advance of the whole line was immediately ordered and executed with alacrity. The enemy, though disputing the ground stubbornly with artillery, con- tinued to retire, inflicting at the same time but small loss upon our advancing lines. We bivouacked at dark for the night just beyond the town of Winchester. On the 20th the division marched to Stras- burg, and on the next day nothing worth mention occurred, 6xcept- ing a reconnaissance by the Ninth Connecticut, who found the enemy in some force on the other side of the Shenandoah and returned to camp about 9p. m. The enemy was here in our front in strong posi- tion, with two lines of works. Early on the 22d the army moved to the immediate front of the works, the Second Division, Nineteenth Corps, on the extreme left. Hastily-made works were thrown up along the whole line, under the immediate direction of General Birge on the right and one olineux on the left. Constant though not heavy skirmishing with some artillery practice, continued all the morning on both sides. To strengthen and shorten our lines it became necessary to drive in the enemys skirmishers and occupy their lines. Thin was handsomely done by the One hundred and twenty- eighth New York Volunteers, LieutenantrColonel Foster commanding, supported by the One hundred and seventy-sixth New York Volunteers, Major Lewis commanding, after a most efficiqut and beneficial shell- ing from a battery under the immediate supervision of Captain Taft Page 320 820 OPERAflONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CEAP. LY. chief of artillery of the corps, and one section of Captain Bradhurys battery. A strong working party immediately commenced strength- ening the position thus seized, and though under a hot fire, especially of artillery, the linens nearly finished in its entire length when the order to advance was received along the whole line. Though the ground was veryunfavorable for an advance, the tro9ps pushed on with the greatest zeal and with all the rapidity possible, cheering, and with colon flying. The enemy, after firing a few rounds of artillery and doing some not very effective musketry firing, fled from behind their works, so closely followed up2 however, as to be unable to take away their artillery or its ammunition. One company of the One hundred and seventy-sixth [New Yorkl, commanded. by Captain Entwistle, was, I think, undoubtedly the firs upon the works, and the captain took possession, with his company, of four pieces of artillery. He was so closely followed by the Twenty-eighth Iowa, Lieutenant-Colonel Wil- son commanding, that there could have been but a short interval of time between the arrival of both, but to Captain Eutwistle, with his company, I think, is due the honor of first taking possession of the pieces. A large quantity of small-arms, too numerous to count or collect in the hurried pursuit of the enemy were found scattered over the ground in rear of the works. We fond our advance well into the works about dark. and I was ordered to push the advance of my division, without waiting to or~ize or collect those who had be- come separated in the hurry of the advance, upon the road taken by the enemy. A portion of Colonel Molineuxs brigade, being the nearest at hand, was hurried to the front, and a line of skirmishers, cousisting of the Eleventh Indiana Volunteers and One hundred and thirty-first New York Volunteers, were hastily thrown out on the left and right of the road, and the advance commenced. About 8.30 p. in. we came upon the rear guard of the enemy, consisting, as we were in- formed by a prisoner, of the Sixth Georgia Volunteers. The firing between our skirmishers and the enemy was rapid, but of short dura- tion, the enemy retiring. The advance was continued without inter- ruption for about an hour when again our skirmishers were checked by the enemys fire of musketry, supported by two pieces of artillery well trained upon the road. Lines of battle were immediately hurried forward, but the enemy retreated and we saw no more of him during the night. I reqret to say, that from some unaccountable misconcep- tionof our position in front by t~ie troops in the rear, on beth occasious when the skirmish line was fired upon by the enemy it was also fired upon by hoops in the rear, notwithstanding eteryprecaution was taken to prevent such an occurrence. Our losses were not heavy during the night advance, but owing to the intense darkness and the broken char- acter of the country, the advance was very slow and extremelytedious. The immediate command of the skirmish line was conducted at first by Colonel Molineux, and, subsequently, by Colonel Macauley, to both of whom great credit is due for their zeal, activity, and success under very adverse circumstances. At about 4.30 a. a on the 23d our advance reached Woodstock, about twelve miles from Strasburg, where the army bivouacked until 12 in. During the advance from Strasburg about 200 prisoners fell into our hands, and six wagons were abandoned and burnt on the road by the enemy. For list of casualties in both battles and in the advance to Wood- stock see appendix. For further details, I have the honor to ineloso the reports of brigade commanders and the commander of the battery Page 321 CEM. LV.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN, 321 In closing this report I would respectfully ask the attention of the major~general commanding the corps to the gallantry in battle as shown by the success wherever placed and the heavy list of casualties con- sequent thereon of this command; also, in addition to the regiments and officers specially mentioned in reports of brigade commanders and the commander of the battery, I would make mention for their gallantry and untiring zeal during the operations covered by this report of Briga- dier-General Birge, commanding First Brigade; Col. E. L. Molineux, commanding Second Brigade; Col. Jacob Sharpe, commanding Third Brigade, at Winchester, where he was severely wounded; Col. Dan. Macauley, commanding Eleventh Indiana Volunteers, and Third Bri- gade, after the absence of Colonel Sharpe; Colonel Day, commanding One hundred and thirty-first New YQrk Volunteers; Lientenant-Col- oiiel Neafie, commanding One hundred and fifty-sixth New York Volun- teers;, Captain Bradbury, commanding First Maine Battery, and the following-named officers of my staff, viz, Capt. Joseph Hibbert, jr., assistant adjutant-general; Maj. R. McD. flart, One hundred and fifty- ninth New York Volunteers, acting assistant3 inspector-general; Capt. H. A. Darling, commissary of subsistence; Capt. D. II. Finley, Thir- teenth Connecticut, mustering officer; Captain Rhoades, Third Mas- sachusetts Cavalry; Captain Curtis, provost-marshal; First Lieutenant Parsons, judge-advocate; First Lieut. T. C. Otis, aide-de-camp. APPENDIX. Numerical list of casualties in Second Division, Nineteenth Army Corps, in the engagement3 at Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864, and Strasbury, Va., September 22, 1864. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total casualties. Troops. a ,~ a . a ~ n 9 a a ~ H ~ ~ H Q ~ H 0 H WINCHESTER, VA. First Brigade 9 101 110 35 324 359 3 171 174 47 596 643 Second Brigade .... 6 57 63 I i6 332 348 7 I 212 219 29 601 630 Third Brigade 40~ 4& i4 201 915 29 29 i4 270 284 Fourth Brigade 4 25 29 12 138 150 29 29 i6 192 208 First Maine Bat-~ 2 2 1~ 5 1 7 8 tery. __ I Total* 19 225 244 78 1,000 1,078 10 441 451 107 1,666 3,773 STRASBURG, VA. First Brigade 3 31 i 1 2 21 6 6 Se~ond Brigade 4 4 i7 17 21 21 Third Brigade 4 4 .. 14 18 18 Fourth Brigade I First Maine Bat- K~ ~ m 3 12 15 tery. Total~ iil ii~ ~ ~ 47 2 2~ 3 57 60 191 236 253 j 81 1,044 ___ Grand total. - - 1,125 10 443 453 110 1723 i,833 * A lare number of those above reported as missing are known to have been captured by the enemy on the fi~d. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. GROVEE, Brigadier- general, (Jomn4andlng, ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL, Ileadqaarters Detachment Mueteenth Ar~ny Gorp8. But see revised tables, pp. ll5~ 123! 21 R R~YOL XLIII~ PT Page 322 [CHAP. LV. 322 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. No. 89. Report of Brig. Gen. lien ry IV. Birqe, b. S. Army, commanding Second Division-, of operationS October 1.921. HD QRS. SECOND DIVISION, NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS, Cedar (JrecA7, Va., October 28, 1801. SIR: Brevet Major-General Grover, commanding division, being tem- porarily absent on account of wonnds received during the action of the 19th instant, I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this command on that day and the 20th and 21st instant: Tuesday evening, October 18, orders were issued by General Grover to the First Brigade under my command, Second Brigade, Colonel Molinenx, and Third Brigade, Colonel Macanley, to be in readiness to move at 5.30 the next morning, for the purpose of making a reconnais- sance toward Strasburg, tbe Fourth Brigade, Colonel Shunk, being directed to move forward and occnpy as soon as vacaced the line then held by the First and Third. In compliance with these orders the whole command was under arms in light marching order, and the First Maine Battery hitched up at 5 a. m. 19th instant, the relative position of the brigades being as follows: Four regiments of the Second Bri- oade. the First Brigade, and four regiments of the Third Brigade formed the first line from right to left as named, the right connecting with the First Division of this corps, the left reaching nearly to the pike. The remaining regiments of thesSecond Brigade and the Fourth Brigade formed the second line, the One hundred and seventy-fifth New York being detached from Third Brigade as guard to ammunition train, a picket-line of 350 men from Second and Third Brigades cov- ered the front, connecting with the picket-line of the First Division on the right and that of the Eighth Corps on the left. The First Maine Battery occupied commanding ground on the right of Third Brigade and in front of the Fourth. The whole position was very strong against attack from the front, a~id had been strengthened by earth-works thrown up along the front of the first line, the general direction of which was parallel to Cedar Creek, but was entirely commanded by the high ground on the left of the pike, occupied by the Eighth Corps, and was indefensible against an attack fr6m that direction. About 5.15 a. m. and before any of the troops had moved out on the projected reconnaissance, musketry firing was heard, apparently On the left of the picket-line of the Eighth Corps, and soon after on our own picket- line in front. By direction of General Grover, the following dlsposL- tion of the forces under his command was promptly made: The first line occupied the works in their immediate front, sending out sharpshoolers and skirmishers to the banks of the creek; the One hundred and sev- enty-sixth New York and part of the One hundred and fifty-sixth New York, on the left of the Third Brigade, were thrown back nearly at a right angle with the brigade line, and the Fourth Brigade moved to the left, connecting with and forming on the prolongation of this line; the Twenty-second Iowa and Third Massachusetts [Cavalry (dismounted)], from the Second Brigade, were moved to the left as support to the bat- tery. While these movementswere being made, the firing in the direction of the Eighth Corps became very heavy and incessant, and our pickets in front were gradually driven back to the creek. As day dawned ~he enemy appeared in strong fDrce on the high ground on the left of our position, from which he had forced back the Eighth Corps and rapidly advanced, his lines extending from the creek to our left and rear as fa Page 323 CHAP. LY.] THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN. 323 as could be seen through the smoke and prevailing fog. The troops on the leff, thus attacked in front and flank, made a stubborn resistance, and on the line of the Third Brigade a hand-to-hand conflict ensued, during which~ the colors of the One hundred and seventy-sixth and One hundred and fifty-sixth New York Regiments were seized by the enemy, but in both instances were torn from the flag- staffs and saved. At the same time a battery opened on our lines from the left and another from the high ground in front and on the opposite side of the creek. Pressed by an overwhelming force, and having already lost very heavily, our line was forced back, retiring in good order, but leaving some prisoners in the hands of theenemy. Colonel Macauley, commanding the brigade, was severely wounded early in the engagement, and Major Hart, of Genci-al Grovers staff, soon after received a wound from which he died the next morning. Lieutenant-Colonel Neafie. One hundred and fifty- sixth New York, took command of the Third Brigade. The enemy 110W made a desperate effort to secure the guns of the First Maine Battery, four of which were in their original position, and well and rapidly served, Lieutenant Haley commandino- , nder lieu- temmant Morton, having been sent to the other section u the left. Lieutenant haley was wounded, and Lieutenant Snow succeeded in getting all but two cais- sotis off the grounds, but was finally obliged to abandon one gun and three caissons, the horses being shot. Lieutenant Morton was killed amid one gun of his section captured, but all were subsequently retaken. In the meantime the First Brigade and that part of the Second Brigade miot engaged were holding their respective positions, but losing from infantry and artillery fire from front, flank, and rear. By order of Gen- eral Grover they now fell back, the First Brigade along the line of works, forming a new line on the crest of the hill to the right and per- pendicular to the original line, amid holding it till turned bythe enemy, when it fell back to the hill previously occupied by ~a brigade of First Division. Making a short stand here, it was again pressed back, and again made a stand in an open field, with the Fourth Brigade on its left; having, in the efforts made to check the advance of the enemy, lost severely in killed and wounded amid some prisoners. Time Second Brigade moved out by the right flank and formed on the right of the Sixth Corps, taking advantage of every favorable position to halt and check the advancing enemy, which it did several times very gallantly. The Third Brigade withdrew more to the left, and being ordered to form on the right of division of the Sixth Corps operated with it till about 10 oclock, and about 11 joined this command. From the posi- tion taken by the brigades, as above described, they gradually retired, conformuing to the movements of the army, and making stands at three dmfteren~ points umitil, between 10 and 11 oclock, an advance was ordered, and the division moved some distance to the fromit, forming on the right of the Sixth Corps in two lines, the First and Second Bri- gades in the first, and the Fourth and Third (which camne up about this time) [in] the second line; the First Division of this corps on the right. A strong skirniish line was deployed to the fromit, which was driven in about noon, and the emmemy in strong force attacked our litmes, but was effectually repulsed. He contimined, however, to annoy us with his artillery, but inflicting slight loss. Soon after the repulse another advance was ordered, General Grover directing that the comi- nection with the Sixth Corps should be maintained on the left, but the right pressed forward more rapidly, thus gradually swinging to the left. The troops advanced with the greatest impetuosity, under Page 324 [CHAP. LV. 324 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. severe fire from the enemys infantry on the crest of a hill in front aiid an accurate and rapid fire from a battery on the hill beyonfl, (Irove him out and occupied the hill, where a halt was ordered. While holding this position, and shortly after gaining it, General Grover, who had been wounded early in the day, was again wounded in the arm, compelling him to leave the field, and I then took command of the division. About 4.30 p. m. I receiVe(l orders from Brevet M~jor- General Emory to advance, and the troops again moved forward with the same gallantry and impetuosity as in the previous charge, the enemy retreating in great confusion and our forces pursuing without a halt till the camp which had been left in the morning was reached. By direction of the brevet major-general commanding the pnrsnit ter- minated here, and the division went into camp, each brigade occupying its original ground. At S p. in., in compliance with orders from the brevet major-general commanding, the Fourth Brigade moved toward Strasburg and bivouacked for the night in rear of the First 1)ivision, occupying the town. At 7 a. m. on the 20th the division marched to the heights overlook- ing Strasbnrg, and, by direction of General Emory, was placed in posi- tion, where it remained until 7 the next morning, 21st, when the whole. division returned to its former camp on Cedar Creek. I inclose reports of brigade commanders, to which reference is in- vited, for more minute details of the part taken by each in the battle of the 19th than the limits of this report permit. A numerical list of the casualties in the division is appeiided. A nominal list has been forwarded. Of the gallantry, steadiness, and good conduct of the troops of this division during the various and trying phases of the actiou of the 19th 1 cannot spe