TITLE: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. / Series 1 - Volume 25 (Part I) AUTHOR: United States. War Dept., John Sheldon Moody, Calvin Duvall Cowles, Frederick Caryton Ainsworth, Robert N. Scott, Henry Martyn Lazelle, George Breckenridge Davis, Leslie J. Perry, Joseph William Kirkley PUBLISHER: Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1889 Page A Production Note Cornell University Library produced this volume to preserve the informational content of the deteriorated original. The best available copy of the original has been used to create this digital copy. It was scanned bitonally at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using ITU Group 4 compression. Conversion of this material to digital files was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Digital file copyright by Cornell University Library 1995. This volume has been scanned as part of The Making of America Project, a cooperative endeavor undertaken to preserve and enhance access to historical material from the nineteenth century. Page B Title Page Page R001 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF THE OFFICIAL RECOIRDS OF TIlE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. PREPARED, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF TIlE SECRETARY OF WAR, BY The late Lient. Col. ROBERT N. SCOTT, Third U. S. Artillery. PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO ACTS OF CONGRESS. SERIES IVOLUME XXVIN TWO PARTS. PART IREPORTS. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1889 Page R002 /tY :3 ~ (K K.. ~L. ) -~ - - V. V K rK~ARY 2 Page R003 PREF ACE. ~& y~ \~ . By an act approved June 23, 1874, Congress made an appropriation to enable the Secretary of War to begin the publication of the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, both of the Union and Confed- erate Armies,~~ and directed him to have copied for the Public Printer all reports, letters, telegrams, and general orders not heretofore copied ~or printed, and. properly arranged in chronological order. Appropriations for continuing such preparation have been made from time to time, and the act approved June 16, 1880, has provided for the printing and binding, under direction of the Secretary of War, of 10,000 copies of a compilation of the Official Records (Union and Con- federate) of the War of the Rebellion, so far as the same may be ready for publication, during the fiscal year; and that of said number, 7,000 copies shall be for the use of the House of Representatives, 2,000 copies for the use of the Senate, and 1,000 copies for the use of the Executive Departments. * This compilation will be the first general publication of the military records of the war, and will embrace all official documents that can be obtained by the compiler, and that appear to be of any historical value. ~ Yolum~es I to V distributed under act approve(l June 16, 1880. The act approved August 7, 1882, provides that The volumes of the Official Records of the War of ~he Rebellion shall be distributed as follows: One thousand copies to the Executive Departments, as now provided by law. One thousand copies for distributioa by the Secretary of War among officers of the Army and contributors to the work. Eight thousand three hundred copies shall be sent by the Secretary of War to such libraries, organizations, and individuals as may be designated by the Senators, Representatives, and Delegates of the Forty- seventh Congress. Each Senator shall designate not exceeding twenty-six, and each Representative and Delegate not exceeding twenty-one of such addresses, and the volumes shall be sent thereto from time to time as they are published, until the pub- lication is completed. Senators, Representatives, and Delegates shall inform the Secretary of War in each case how many volumes of those heretofore published they have forwarded to such addresses. The remaining copies of the eleven thousand to be published, and all sets that may not be ordered to be distributed as provided herein, shall be sold by the Secretary of War for co~~ of publication with tea per cent. added thereto, and the proceeds of such sale shall be covered into the Treasury. If two or more sets of said volumes are ordered to the same address the Secretary of War shall inform the Senators, Representatives, or Delegates, who have designated the same, who thereupoa may designate other libraries, organizations, or individuals. The Secretary of War shall report to the first sessioa of the Forty-eighth Congress what volumes of the series heretofore publish ad have not been furnished to such libraries, organizations, and individuals, lIe shall, also inform distributees at whose instance the volumes are sent. II Page R004 iv PREFACE. The publication will present the records in the following order of arrangement: The 1st Series will embrace the formal reports, both Union and Con- federate, of the first seiznres of United States property in the Southern States, and of all military operations in the field, with the correspond- ence, orders, and returns relating specially thereto, and, as proposed is to be accompanied by an Atlas. In this series the reports will be arranged according to the campaigns an(I several theaters of operations (in the chronological order of the events), and the Union reports of any event will, as a ride, be imme diately followed by the Confederate accounts. The correspondence, & c., not embraced in the ~~reports~~ proper will follow (first Union and next Confederate) in chronological order. The 2d Series will contain the correspondence, orders, reports, and retnrns, Union and Confederate, relating to prisoners of war, and (so far as the military authorities were concerned) to State or political 4 prisoners. The 3d Series will contain the correspondence, orders, reports, and returns of the Union authorities (embracing their correspondence with the Confederate officials) not relating specially to the subjects of the first and second series. It will set forth the annual and special reports of the Secretary of War, of the General-in-Chief, and of the chiefs of the several staff corps and departments; the calls for troops, and the correspondence between the national and the several State authorities. The 4th Series will exhibit the correspondence, orders, reports, and retnrns of the Confederate authorities, similar to that indicated for the Union officials, as of the third series, bnt excluding the correspondence between the Union and Confederate authorities given in that series. ROBERT N. SCOTT, Major Third Art., and Bvt. Lieut. (Jot. WAR DEPARTMENT, August 23, 1880. Approved: ALEX. RAMSEY, & cretary of War. Table of Contents Page R005 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXXVII. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsyl vania 11123 (v Page R006 Additions and Corrections Page A001 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF THE OFFICIAL RFCO7UDS OF TIlE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. ADDITIONS AND (~OllllECTThNs TO SERIES IVOLUME XXV. (To be inserted in the voinnie. For explnnation see General In(lex volume, Serial ~o. 130, page xxviii.) PUBJISIINI) UINI)EII ITIE I)IRECTION OF The Hon. ELIHU ROOT, Secretary of War, BY BRIG. GEN. FRED C. AINSWORTIJ, CHIEF OF TIlE RECORD ANI) PENSION OF~ICR, WAR DEPARTMENT, ANI) MR. JOSEPh W. KIRRLEY. 1~Ir. JOHN S. MOOBEV, Indexer. WASHINGTON: G0YERN1~IENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1902 Page A002 2 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. TEXT. PART i. Page ~. Erase 2023, 5863. Expeditions from Belle Plain to Port Conway and For! Royal, Va. Page 87. Beales report, date line, for April is read April z6. Page 122. Williamsons report, fourth line, for Lieutenant [A. WI McDonald Lir.] read Lieutenant [William AT.] McDonald. Page 227. Fifth line, bottom, for Garey read Gary. Pages 235, 237. For Martin and AL. Deniche read Gonrad F M. Denicke. Page 309. Morgans report, twenty-first line, for Mills read Scotts Mills. Page 315. Erase foot-note and insert For Zooks report, see Series I, Vol. 55, Part z, p. s78. Gross report not found. Page 794. Erase ] after Washington (S. C.) Artillery, Capt. James F Hart, and insert t. Add to t foot-note, also R. F Beekhams report. Page 918. Twenty-sixth line, top, strike out [T. W.] before Brown. Page 944. First line, for Twenty-first Alabama read Twenty-sixth Alabama. Page 1073. Insert * after Court-House, in fifth line of Hooker to Kelton, and add foot-note, * Seep. ~7. Page 1074. Strike out [Inclosure] and insert an em dash. Page 1126. For Bidwells (Daniel B.) read Bidwells (Daniel D.). Pages 11431269. Strike out foot-note No circumstantial reports on file, wherever it occurs. Page 1170. For Quade, J., read MeQuade, J. PART 2. Page 190. Erase foot-note and insert See Gompilers note, Plate 26, Map ~, of the Atlas. Page 286. Third line, bottom, for Hingling read Yingling. Page 437. Second foot-note, for Virginia read West Virginia. Page 541. Twenty-third line, top, for Holbert read Abert. Page 6oo. Myers to Williams, eighth line, for approved read exposed. Page 678. Jones to Williams, fifth line, second paragrapb, for [W. W.] Baldwin read [W. M.] Baldwin. Page 826. Lee to Critcher, date should be May 22, 5863. Page 856. Erase foot-note and insert See Series I, Vol. ~s, Part 2, p. 688. Page 864. For Baldwins (W. fV) read Baldwins (W. ilL). Page 875. For MeMahons (A.) read MeMahons (A. R.). Page 879. Sixteenth line, top, for M read H. Page 88o. For Schoonmakers (James N.) read Sehoonmahers (James M.). Page 911. Under Georgia Troops, second line, insert Batteries.~ before Milledges. Page 916. Strike out foot-note, * Probably S. B. Holabird or W. S. Abert. INDEX. Insert all words and fignres in italics and strike ont all in [brackeisl. An asterisk (*) following a correction indicates that Additionsand corrections to the text should he consulted. References are to parts of volume. Part Part. Abert, William S., ~i; [Holbert, Captain,* Alberts, William [H.] 541]* 2 Baldwin, W. M. [XV.] 2 Alabama Troops Banks W. [C.] InfantryRegiments: Rates, Willard W., ~i 2 [21st, 944]* Bauman, Samuel, zio6 [1108] 26th, 944* Beardsley, Samuel R., ~ [158] Page A003 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Part. Belle Plain, Va. Expeditions from. [April 20-23, 1863. See Port Conway and Port Royal, Va. Expeditions from Belle Plain to] Bidwell, Daniel D. [B.] Bissell, Evelyn L. [E. S.] Bliss, Harman [Herman] J., 393 [Bliss, H. J., 393] Blunt, Asa P. [B.] Blunt,John W [Edmund, jr.] Boreman, Arthur I 2 Briscoe, James [Joseph] C Brown, C. [J.] Wilmer Brown, J. Thompson, 877 [Brown, John T., 877] Brown, Owen IV. (7) [~1. W.] Burns, William W. Assignments to command, 59 2 Gabell Gounty, W. Va. F pedition, April 3~-6, 1863. See Camp Pin/f, W.Va 2 Candler, William I,., 23 [Callender, Capt., 23]. Cariman, [Saddler] F. J [Carey, 5., 227] C~arter, John D., 175, Carter, Captain, [i75] .. 2 Cartwright, Samuel A. [Dr.] 2 Carvill, Robert [Corporal] Chamberlin [Chamherlain], John Chancellorsville, Va., Campaign. April 27May 6, 1863. Reports of Denicke, C. F. M. [Martin] Chappell, William, 978 [Cappell, William, 978] Clifford, James [ ]... 2 Cody, II. H. [lieutenant] Collins, Charles R., 8~o, 852,853 [Collins, C. R., 850, 852, 853] 2 [Colnnlissary-Generals Office, C. S. A. Correspondence with Jones, Samuel, 742. War Department, C. 5., 612, 687] 2 Copelaud, J6seph T. [J. F.] L~ram, George S., i86; Cram, George C., [isfi]. Curtin, Andrew C. [J.] Davison [Davidson], William H Deep Ran, Va. Operations at, April 29May s, 1867. See Franklins Irossing I Denicke, Conrad F M. [Martin] Ewing, (Yiatham [Cheatham] T 2 Farnsworth, Elan J. [John F.] Farrell,John [Thomas M.] 2 Feamster, James A. [ ] 2 Fessenden, Francit [Frank] 2 Ford, Charles H. [Captain] Frazier [Frasicr], W. W., Steamer Freedley [Freedly], H. W 2 Fuller,Josiah [Joseph] C Purlow, C T. [Sergeant] Gaskell, P. [Peter] Penn Gaskell [Gaskill], William Penn 2 Geer [Green], Israel S Grogan, Charles F Grove James F. [John H.] Hackley, Charles F. [C.] Hagans [Hagan], Harrison TI 2 Haisted, Richard F [George B.] Part. Handley, A astin [Handly, ] 2 Hayward, George [E.] Hazelton [Hazieton], John H s Hendrich [Hendricks], Frederick Henton,James [John] Hickman, Baynton [Brayton] J [Holahird, Samuel B., 541] 2 Hottle [Hottel], James M House, George F Ho. sey [Hoxie] Benjamin W Hu~it, Horatio N. [H. ~r.] 2 Jones, Edward J., i8s [Jones, E. J., 182] 2 Jones, John [J.] K., 79~ [Jones, John R., 793]. Jones, Samuel. Correspondence with Subsistence Department [Commissary- Generals Office], C. S. A 2 Jones Raid in West Virginia. April 21May 21, 1863. Communications from Thraston [Thurston], C. M 2 Kelly, Francis [Frank] W Keogh, Myles W Kinzie [Keuzie], David H I~amar, G. B.,jr I,aster, James, 982 [Lester, James, 982] Latham [I,athem], George W I,awton, Alexander R. [P.] 2 Leopold, Andrew T Lihhy, Arthur [Lieutenant] 2 Logan County, IF. Va. Expedition, April 3-6, 1861. See Ca nip Piatt,. W.Va 2 Loudoun County, Va. Whites operations in, Dec. 1220, z86s [1863] 2 Ludlow, Williani H. [Benjamin C.] 2 Lynch, Michael, 972; Lynch, M., [972] I McClung, Hugh L 2 McDonald, William N. [A. W., jr.] * Mclrvin [Mclrwin], Samuel McMahon, Aiidrew R. [A.] 2 McMasters [McMaster], 7.. J Mahnknn,J. Henry I Maryland. Military departments eni bracing, 12 2 Matthewsou [Mathewson], Angell Merritt, M., 982 [Merritt, H., 982] Monteith [Montieth], Robert Mooii [Moore], W. E Moorhead [Morehead], J. K 2 Moorhead [Morehead], William J Morsoii, Hugh [Morsson, Dr.] 2 Newton, [W.] Willoughby New York Troops. EngineersRegiments: i5th, 532 2 InfalitryRegiments: i4th, [~7] [15th, 532] 2 84th, 137 Northrop, Lucius B. For correspondence, etc., see Subsistence Department [Commissary - Generals Office], C. S. A 2 0 Keeffe, Joseph, 1090 [1089] Osborne, Edwin [Edward] A Page A004 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Part. Parker, Isaac [J.] B., ir I Paul, Charles R. [B.] I Pegnes, C. I. [J.] Peirce [Pierce], I,nther II 1 Pennsylvania, Governor of. Correspondence with Moor/tend [Morehead], J. K 2 Plait, A. Snn(fers [Platt, Sanders A.] 2 Port Conway and Port Royal, Va. Expedition [Expeditions] from Belle Plain to, April 2221 [2023], 1863 [*], i~ [31 . . I Port Royal, Va. Expedition to. See Port Conway and Port Royal, Va. Expedition [Expeditions] from Belle Plain to, April 2221 [2023] 1863 I Rank, Willonni .1)., 591 2 Richmond, C. S.S. (Mer;.inznc No. 2, C. .8.5.), 115, 196 2 Samnels, 1-1.1 [I.]. [Correspondence with Robert C. Scheuck, 272] 2 For correspondence, c/c., see West Virginia, Adjntnn/-Generol of 2 Schenck, Robert C. Correspondence with [Samnels, H. I., 272] 2 Titrits/on [Thnrston], C. M 2 West Virginia [Virginia] Adjntant.Geii- eralof 2 Schoonmaker, James ill. [N.] , 2 Sen/I, Wi/hoot (A. 13. U.), 8~6 Scott, \Villiam (2d V. .8. Art.), [876] Seitz, Johii A. M Sievers, Max, s8~ [Sivers, Max, 183] S Sill, Allen N. [II.] 1 Sloema, Henry W. Correspondence with Clifford, Jatnes [ ] 2 Sonth Carolina Troops. CavalryRegiments: [7th, 853] 2 Infa nit yRegitnen/s. 7/10,8.53 2 Strashnrg, Va. Skirmishes, Feb. s~s6, zS6~ See fffin- chester, etc 1 Snbsistence Department, C. .8~. A. Vorrespondence wi/h Jones, Samnel, 712 2 War I)epar/nten/, C. 5., 612, 687 2 Part. Swain [Swayn], George Taylor [Tylor], E. P Taylor, Joseph [James] H Thetis/on [Thnrston], C. M - Tompkins, Charles H. Mentiolled, ~ [Thosnpki~~s, Charles I-I., 597] Tncker, Ilenjamin F., mo6./ [1640] Tyler, C. H., 86s [864] Valley flis/rict( C.). Trint/Sle, [sane R., ttsstgttect to contntattd, Sjo, 810 !itginia. Military departntett/s entbrttcitte, 12 Re-eoforcettt ett/s front, for the West, 7o5, 7Jf. [Virginia, Governor of. Correspondence with War Department, U. 5., 437] Virginia Troops (C.). CavalryCompanies: W. M. [W.] Baldwins InfantryBattalions: s5th (Elliott) [City] Ward, Isaac [J.] iVI War Department, C. S. Correspondence with Snbsistence .Depttrtcnett/ [Commissary- Generals Office], C. S. A War Department, U. S. Correspondence with fUest Virginia [Virginia], Governor of. Wardlazo [Wardlow], Samnel Well, tharles [Conner] fVeir [Wier], Henry C Weld, Charles T., 188 [\Veld, Charles J., 88]. [West, Army of the (C.). Reenforcements for. Comnninnications from I,ee, Robert E., 713. War I)epartment, C. 5., 708] ff7est Virginit, A djntotn/-Cenerni of Gorresftottdettce with Ii. V ,Vr/tenck, 272 West Virgittin, Goverttor of Gorrespottdettce wi/h Jfnr ihpttt/tttett/, f . .8., 157 Winslow, Gortton [Dr.] Jf7oodstock, I a. ,8kirtttishes, Feb. sjs6, z86~. .8cc ff7inchester, etc 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Special Index Page R007 CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME I. CHAPTER I. Page. Operations in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. December 20, 1860--April 14, 1861 1317 CHAPTER IL The secession of Georgia. January 326, 1861 318323 CHAPTER III. The secession of Alabama and Mississippi. January 420, 1861 326330 CHAPTER IV. Operations in Florida. January 6-August 31, 1861 331473 CHAPTER V Page. The secession of North Carolina. Janu uary 9May 20, 1861 474-488 CHAPTER VI. The secession of Louisiana. January 10- February 19, 1861 489501 CHAPTER VII. Operations in Texas and New Mexico. February 1June 11, 1861 502636 CHAPTER VIII. Operations in Arkansas, the Indian Terri- tory, and Missouri. February 7May 9, 1861 637691 VOLUME II. CHAPTER IX. Page. Operations in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. April 16-July 31, 1801.. 1-1012 VOLUME III. CHAPTER X. - - Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. May 10November 19, 1861. 1-749 VOLUME IV. CHAPTER XI. Page. CHAPTER XIII. Page. Operations in Texas, New Mexico, and Operations in North Carolina and South- Arizona. June 11, 1861February 3, 1862. 1174 eastern Virginia. August 1, 1861Janu- CHAPTER XII. ary 11, 1862 566721 Operations in Kentucky and Tennessee. July 1November 19, 1861 175565 - VOLUME V. CHAPTER XIV. Page. Operations in Maryland, Northern Virginia, and West Virginia. August 1, 1861Mardi 17, 1862 11106 VOLUME VI. CHAPTER XV. Operations on the coasts of SouthCarolina, Georgia, and Middle and East Florida. August 21, 1861April 11, 1862 Page. CHAPTER XVI. Page. Operations in West Florida, Southern Al abama, Southern Mississippi, and Lou- 1435 isiana. September 1, 1861May 12, 1862. 436894 VOLUME VII. CHAPTER XVII. Page. Operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, N. Alabana, and S. W. Virginia. Nov. 19, 1861Mar. 4,1862. 1946 (VII Page R008 VIII CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME VIII. CHAPTER XVIIL Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. Nov. 19, 1861April 10, 1862. 1834 VOLUME IX. CHAPTER XIX Page. CHAPT]MI XXI. Page. Operationsin Southeastern Virginia. Jan- Operations in Texas, Now Mexico, and nary 11March 17, 1862 171 Arizona. February 1September 20, 1862 481730 CHAPTER XX. Operations in North Carolina. January 11August20, 1862 72480 VOLUME XIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXII. Operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, North Mississippi, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. March 4-June 10, 1862. Page. Part iReports 1927 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1-642 VOLUME XIIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXIII. The Peninsular Campaign, Virginia. March 17September 2,1862. Page. Part IReports, March 17June 24 11077 Part IlReports, June 25-September 2 1-994 Part 111Correspondence, etc 1-691 VOLUME XJIIN THREE PARTS, UHAPTER XXIV. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. March 17-September 2, 1862. Page. Part IReports, March 17June 25 1818 Part IlReports, June 26-September 2 1-820 Part IllCorrespondence, etc 1966 VOLUME XIII. CHAPTER XXV. Page. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Katisas, the Indian Territory, and the Department of the Northwest, April 10November 2S, 1862 1981 VOLUME XIV. CHAPTER XXVI. Page. Operations on the coasts of South Carolina, Georgia, and Middle and East Florida. April 12, 1862June 11, 1863 11025 VOLUME XV. CHAPTER XXVII, Operations in West Florida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi (embracing all operations against Vicksburg, May 18-Jaly 27, 1862), and Louisiana, May 12, 1862May 14, 1863; and oper. a1~ons in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, September 20, 1862May 14, 1863 1113 Page R009 CONTENTS O~ PRECEDINc4 VOLUMES. IX VOLUME XVIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXVIII. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. June 10October 31, 1862. Page. Part iReports Part liCorrespondence, etc . 11017 VOLUME XVIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXIX. Operations in West Tennessee and Northern Mississippi. June 10, 1862Jannary 20, 1863. Pae,e. Part iReports 1-807 Part liCorrespondence, etc 1916 VOLUME XVIII. CHAPTER XXX. Pag~ Operations in North Carolina and Southeastern Virginia. August 20, 1862June 3, 1863. ...... 11104 VOLUME XIXIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXI. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. September 1Novem. ber 14, 1862. Page. Part 1Reports, September 320 11108 Part ilReports, September 20November 14; Correspondence, etc., September ilNovem berl4 1739 VOLUME XXIX TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXII. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. No vember 1, 1862January 20, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-997 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1516 VOLUME XXI. CHAPTER XXXIII. Page. Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. November 15, 1862January 25, 1863 11152 VOLUME XXIIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXIV. Operations in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, the Indian Territory, and the Department (f the North. west. November 20, 1862-December 31, 1863. Page. Part IReports 1-926 Part IlCorrespondence, etc 1116 Page R010 X CONTENTS OF PRECEDING VOLUMES. VOLUME XXIJIIN TWO PARTS. CHAPTER XXXV. Operations in Kentucky, Middle and East Tennessee, North Alabama, and Southwest Virginia. Jan uary 21August 10, 1863. Page. Part IReports. 1858 Part IlCorrespondence, etc - - - 1986 VOLUME XXIVIN THREE PARTS. CHAPTER XXXVI. Operations in Mississippi and West Tennessee, including those in Arkansas and Louisiana connected with the Siege of Vickshurg. January 20-Au~ust 10, 1863. Page. Part IReports, January 20May 15, including the General Reports for whole period, January 20-Au~,ust 10 -- . - 1787 Part IlReports, May 16August 10 1-699 Part I& ICorrespondence, etc 1107 Page 1 CHAPTER XXXVII. OPERATIONS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA, WEST VIR~ GINIA, MARYLAND, AND PENNSYLVANIA. January 26June 3, 1863. SUYIIMAR-Y OF TI{iE PRIINCIIPAL EVENTS.* Jan, 26, 1863.Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, U. S. Army, supersedes Maj. Gen. Am- brose E. Buruside in command of the Army of the Potomac; Maj. Gen. Darius N. Couch supersedes Maj. Gen. Edwin V. Sumner in command of the Right Grand Division; Maj. Gen. George G. Meade assumes command of the Center Grand Divis- ion; Maj. Gen. Oliver 0. Howard supersedes Maj. Gen. John Sedgwick in command of the Second Army Corps, and Brig. Gen. Charles Griffin temporarily in command of the Fifth Army Corps. Skirmish at Grove Church, near Morrisville, V~. 2627, 1863.Skirmishes near Fairfax Conrt-House and at Middleburg, Va. 30, 1863.Skirhilsh at Turners Mills, Va. 31, 1863.The Ninth Army Corps ordered to the Department of Virginia. Feb. 1, 1863.Maj. Gen. George Sykes, U. S. Army, temporarily in command of the Fifth Army Corps. 2, 1863.The Department of Washington re-created, the troops constitut- ing the Twenty-Second Army Corps. Reconnaissance of the Rappahannock fords, and skirmish at Rap- pahannock Station, Va. 4, 1~63.Maj. Ceo, John Sedgwick, U. S. Army, supersedes Maj. Gen. William F. Smith in command of the Sixth Army Corps. 5, 1~~3.~The Grand Divisions, Army of the Potomac, abolished, and com- manders (major-generals) assigned to army corps as follows: John F. Reynolds, First; Darius N. Couch, Second; Daniel E. Sickles, Third; George G. Mea e, Fifth; John Sedgwick, Sixth; William F. Smith, Ninth; Franz Jgel, Eleventh; HenryW. Slocum, Twelfth; and George Stoneman to command the cay- ~lry. 5 7, 1863 Operations at Rappahannock Bridge md Grove Church, Va. 5 ~, 1863. Scout from Camp Piatt into Wyoming County, W. Va. 6, 1863.Skirmish at Dr~nesville, Va. SkirmLh t or L ar Miilwood, Va. Skirmish at Wi ooen tons Mills, Aqala Creek, Va. Of son~o of the minor conflicts uotc(1 in thE Summary, no circumstantial repor:s arc on file Page 2 2 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL Feb. 621, 1863.The Ninth Army Corps transferred from the Army of the Potomac to Newport News, Va. ~ 1863.Maj. Gen. Samuel P. Heintzelman, U. S. Army, assumes command of the Department of Washington. 9, 1863.Skirmish near Somerville, Va. 10, 1863.Skirmish at Chantilly, Va. 1012, 1863.Expedition from Beverly into Pocahontas County, W. Va. 1016, l863.Operations in Westmoreland and Richmond Counties, Va. 12, 1863.Skirmishes near Smithfield and Charlestown, W. Va. 1214, 1863.Expedition from Belle Plain to Mattox Creek, Cnrrioman and Nomini Bays, Va. Expedition from Pratts Lauding to Heathsville, Va. 13, 1863.Skirmish at Dranesville, Va. 14, 1863.Affair on the Hillsborough Road, and scout to Leesburg, Va. Affair ne~ r Union Mills, Va. 16, 1863.Maj. Gen. George Sykes, temporarily in command of the Fifth Army Corps. Affair near Romnev, W. Va. 18, 1863Two divisions of L3ugstreets corps ordered from Army of North- ern Vir~inia to defense of Richmond. 19, 1863.Skirmish at Leesburg, Va. 21, 1863.Attack on U. S. gunboats Freeborn and Dragon, at Wares Point Va. 23, 1863.Brig. Gens. Andrew A. Humphreys and Adolph von Steinwehr, U. S. Army, temporarily and respectively commandin~ the Fifth and Eleventh Army Corps. 24, 18~3.Skirmish near Strasburg, Va. 25, 186:3.Skirmish at Hartwood Church, Va. 2526, 1863.Skirmishes near Winchester, Strasburg, and Woodstock, Va. Skirmish at Chantilly, Va. 26, 1666.Affair near Germantown, Va. 27, 1863.Brig. Gen. James S. Wadsworth, U. S. Army, temporarily in com- mand of the First Army Corps. 2728, 1863.Scout from Centreville to Faimouth, Va. Mar. 2, 1863.Skirmish near Aldie, Va. 3 8, 1863.Expedition from Belle Plain to Coan River and Machodoc Creek Va. 4, 1863.Skirmish at Independent Hill, Prince William County, Va. 7, 1863.Skirmish at Green Spring Run, W. Va. 9, 1863.Affair at Fairfax Court-House, Va. 12, 1863.Brig. Gen. William W. Morris, U. S. Army, temporarily in com- mand of th~ Middle Military Department. 1216, 1863.Scout from Camp Piatt through Boone, Wyoming, and Logan Counties, W. Va. 15, 1863.Affair near Dumfries, Va. Scout from Harpers Ferry to Leesburg, Va. 17, 1863.Engagement at Kellys Ford (Kellysville), Va. Skirmish at Bealeton Station, Va. Affair at Herudon Station, Va. 19, 1863.Skirmish near Winchester, Va. 22, 1863.Affairs at Seleemans Ford and Mrs. Violetts, near Occoquan, Va. 23, 1863.Skirmish on the Little River Turnpike, near Chantilly, Va. 2529, 1863.Expedition from Belle Plain into Westmoreland County, Va. 26, 1863.Skirmish at Hurricane Bridge, W. Va. 29) 63.Maj. Gen. Carl Schuiz, U. S. Army, assumes command of the Eleventh Army Corps. * See Series I, Vol .XVII I, p. 149 Page 3 (YeAr. XX~XYII.] SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL EVENTS. Mar. 29,1863.Affair near Dumfries, Va. Skirmish at Kellys Ford, Va. 30, 1863.Skirmish at Point Pleasant, W. Va~ Skirmish at Zoar Church, Va~ ~ 1, 1863.Skirmish near the mouth of Broad Run, Loudoun County, Va. 2, 1863.Maj., Gen. Oliver 0. Howard supersedes Maj. Gen. Carl,Schurz in command of the Eleventh Army Corps. ~ 6, 1863.Expedition from Camp Piatt through Lo~au and Cabell Counties, W. Va., and skirmish (5th) at Mud River, Scout from Fairfax Court-House to Middlebnrg~ Va. 6 7, 1863.Skirmishes near Burlington, and at Purgitsville and Goings Ford, W. Va. 8, 1863.Skirmish on the Miliwood Road, near Winchester, Va. 1118, 1863.Scout from Beverly to Franklin, W. Va. 1213, 1863.Reconnaissance from Winchester up Cedar Creek Valley, Va. 13, 1863.Skirmish at Elk Run, Va. Skirmish at Snickers Ferry, Va. 1415, 1863.Operations at Rappahannock Bridge, and at Kellys, Welfords, and Beverly Fords, Va. 1718, 1863.Expedition from Winchester to Stumps Tannei~y, Va. 18, 1863. Affair near Johnstown, Harrison County, W. Va. 20, 1863.Reconnaissance from Winchester to ward Wardensyille and Stras- burg, Va., and skirmish. 2023, 1863.Expeditions from Belle Plain to Port Conway and Port Royal, Va. 20May 14, 1863.Imbodens expedition into West Virginia, neluding skir- mishes (April 24) at Beverly, (May 5) Janele~v, and (May 12) near Summerville. 21May 21, 1863.Jones raid on the Northwestern (Baltimore and Ohio) Rail- road. 22, 1863.Skirmish at Point Neasant, XV. Va. 2224, 1863.Expedition from Belle Plain to Port Conway and Port ~oyal, Va. 22May 16, 1863.Operations in the Shenandoah Valley, Va. 24, 1863.Skirmish in Gilmer County, W. Va. 26, 1863Skirmish at Burlington, XV. Va. Skirmish at Portland, XV. Va. Skirmish at Oak Grove, Va. 27May 6, 1863.The Chancellorsville Campaign. 29May 7, 1863. The Stoneman Raid. May 2,1863.Skirmish near Lewisbnrg, W. Va. Maj. Gen. James E. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, temporarily assigued to command of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. 3, 1863.Skirmish at Warrenton Junction, Va. 6, 186~.Maj. Germ. Ambrose P. Hill; C. S. Army, assigned to command of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. Skirmish at Warrenton, Va. 8, 1863.Skirmish near Grove Church, Va. 11, 1863.Skirmish at Wairenton, Va. 1214, 1863.Operations about Bucks and Front Royal Fords, Va. Scout from Snickers Ferry, and skirmish (13th) at Upperville, Va. 14, 1863.Skirmish at Marstellers Place, near Warrenton Junction, Va. 1522, 1863.Scout froum Parkersburg into Calhoun County, XV. Va. 16, 1863.Skirmish at Elizabeth Court-House, W. Va. Skirmish at Ravenswood, W. Va. 17, 1863.Skirmish near Dumfries, Va. 1820, 1863.Skirmishes at and about Fayette~ille, XV. Va. Page 4 4 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCHAP. XXXVII. May 2026, 1863.Operations in the Northern Neck and in Middlesex County, Va. 22, 1563.Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock, U. S. Army, assumes command of the Second Army Corps. Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, assumes command o~ the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. 23, 1853.Skirmish at Warrenton, Va. Skirmish at West Creek, W. Va. 2729, l563.Scout from Snickers Ferry to Aldie, Fairfax Court-House, and Lecsburg, Va. ~30, 1863.Army of Northern Virginia reorganized into three army corps~ Lient. Gens. iRichar(l S. Ewell and Anibrose P. Hill being as- signed, respeetively, to command of the Second and Third Corps; Lieutenant-General Longstreet retaining command of the First. Skirmish near Greenwich, Va. 31, 1S63.~Skirmish at Warrenton, Va. June 1, 1863.Skirmish at Snickers Gap, Va. 2, 1863.Skirmish at liJpperville, Va. Skirmish at Strasburg, Va. 3, 1863.Skiimish near Fayetteville, W. Va. JANUARY 26, 1863.Skirmish at Grove Church, near Morrisville, Va. Reports of Cot. Louis P. Di Cesnola, Fourth 3Tew York Cavalry, com manding brigade. STAFFORD CouRT-HousE, January 26, 18637.45 p. In. GENERAL: Colonel Di Cesnola sends the following report frotn All- cocks: The various scouting parties I sent out this morning toward Elk Run, the Rappa-~ hannock fords, & c., have been att:tcked by the enemy this side of the river. I have re-enforced my men at all p& ints, and have advised General Schnrz, at Hartwood, of the state of affairs, and shall send farther reports to hint. Several of our men have been killed and wounded. I shall keep my whole force on the alert. My opinion is that, having heard of our daily foriging parties, the enemy has sent out forces to in~ tercept them. In consequence of the want of forage, I am compelled to send on~ quite a force every day, but they are well armed and officered. Should the enemy appear in force, I will immediately report to General Schuiz, as ordered. F. SIGEL, Major- General. Maj. Gen. J. G. PARKE, Chief of Staff. (Repeated by Butterfield to Hooker, at Washington, Jannary 27.) STAFFORD COURT-HousE, January 28, 1863. SIR: Colonel Di Cesnola reports that the troops of the enemy wh~ crossed 4 Kellys Ford consisted of 300 infantry, and that another party, ~, ame down 170 strono c from Bristersbnrg. After some skir- mishing, these parties retired, the first toward Ellis Foid, here they recrossed, and the other toward Catletts. The enemy lost 3 in killed and ~everal wounded. Three of our men were wounded, of whoni on~ died. All quiet in that direction. F. MGEL, Lieutenant-Colonel DicvJssoN, iiajor- General,. Assistant Adjutant- General Page 5 CHAP. XXXV1I.] FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE AND MIDDLEBURG, VA. 5 JANUARY 2627, 1863.Skirmishes near Fairfax Court-House and at Middleburg, Va. REPORTS. No. 1.Col. Percy Wyndliam, First New Jersey Cavalry. No. 2.Capt. John S. Mosby, Virginia Cavalry. No. 1. Report of Col. Percy TVyndham, First New Jersey Cavalry. FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE, January 27, 1863. SIR: Last night my pickets were driven in by some of Stuarts cav- alry, wounding 1 and capturing 9. 1 then started with sonic 200 men in pursuit. Some 27 miles beyond my pickets, at Middleburg, I came up with them, and, after a short skirmish, captured 24 of them. I have just returned. P. WYNDIIAIXI. Capt. CARROLL El. PORTER, Assistant Adjutant GYneral. No. 2. Report of Capt. John IS. ]Jliosby, Virginia Cavalry. FAUQUIER COUNTY, VA., February 4, 1863. 0-ENERAL: I arrivedin this neighborhood about one week ago. Since then I have been, despite the bad weather, quite actively engaged with the enemy. The result up to this time has been the capture of 28 Yankee cavalry, together with all theii- horses, arms, & c. The evi- dence of parole I forward with this. I have also paroled a number of deserters. Col. Sir Percy Wyndham, with over 200 cavalry, came up to Ni(ldleburg last week to punish me, as he said, for my raids on his picket line. I had a slight skirmish with hii~,in which my loss was 3 men, captured by the falling of their horses; the enemys loss, I man and 3 horses captured. He set a very nice trap a few days ago to catch me in. I went into it. but, contrary to the colonels expectations, brought the trap off with me, killing 1, capturing 12, the balance running. The ex- tent of the annoyance I have been to the Yankees may be judged of by the fact that, baffled in their attempts to capture me, they threaten to retaliate on citizens for my acts. I forward to you some corresJ)ondence I have had on the subject. The most of the infautry have left Fairfax and gone toward Fredericksburg. In Fairfax there are five or six regiments of cavalry; there are about 300 at I)ranesville. They are so isolated from the rest of the command that nothing would be easier than their capture. I have harassed them so much that they do not keep their pickets over half a mile from camp. There is no artillery there. I start on another trip day after to-morrow. I am, most respectfully, yours, & c., JNO. S. MOSBY. Maj. Gen. J. U. 13. STUART Page 6 6 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXX VIL [Indorsements.1 HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION, February 8, 1863. Respectfully forwarded as additional proof of the prowess, daring, and efficiency of Mosby (without commission) and his band of a dozen chosen spirits. J. E. B. STUART, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, February 11, 1863. liespeetfufly forwarded to the Adjutant and Inspector General as evi- dence of merit of Captain Mosby. li. E. LEE, General. ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERALS OFFiCE February 16, 1863. Respectfully submitted to the Secretary of War. 11. L. CLAY, Assistant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 2, l863.Reconnaissance of the Rappahannock fords, and skirmish at Rappahannock Station, Va. Report of Brig. Gem. Jalius Stahel, U. S. Arm ft, co~nmanding Eleventh Army Coips. IIDQRS. ELEVENTH CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Stafford Court-louse, Va., February 3, 186g. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that the reconnoitering parties which have been sent to feel the different fords on the Rappahannock River returned late last evening, and rel)ort the following information about the enemys position, and which was corroborated by a rebel prisoner made during the skirmish my cavalry had yesterday at the Rappahannock Station: At the United States Ford there is a brigade of cavalry under Gem- eral Hampton, composed of fonr regiments, viz: Second South Carolina, Fourth and Seventh EFifth] North Carolina, and another regiment. The average strength of each regiment is about 600 men. At the Rappa- hannock Station is Fitzhugh Lees brigade of cavalry, of about the same strength, and composed of the Fourth S ginia, and Third North Carolina. eveuth. and Thirteenth Vir- The small reconnoitering party which left Alicocks early yesterday morning was directed to take the Marsh road, then the Warrenton road, and, when arrived at Morrisville post-office, to divide the force in two, and proceed by two different roads to Mount Holly Church, and there joining together, halt and push down some scouts to Kellysville Ford. Hogan, a good scout, went with another scout down to the river, crossed the small bridge, and when ariived at the river saw some rebels, fired at them, and dismounted some men. Then the main force came down t Page 7 CHAP. XXXVII.] RAPPAHANNOCK BRIDGE AND GROVE CHURCH, VA. 7 the river, and dividing again in two, one portion went along the river near enough to Rappahannock Station to discover distinctly a large pontoon bridge nearly finished (the prisoner says it was finished two days ago). They met a party of some 50 cavalry, chased them, dis- mounted some of them, capturing their horses and saddles and a rebel cavalryman belonging to the Fourth North Carolina. When the party arrived near the river, a sharp fire was opened upon them from rifle-pits on the ol)posite side, which was returned by our men, who had 3 horses killed. We made 1 prisoner and captured 4 horses. I have the honor to be, general, your obedi~nt servant, JUL. STAHEL, Brigadier- General, Co nnwnding. Maj. Gen. FRANZ SIGEL, Commanding Grand Reser e Die ision. FEBRUARY 57, 1863.Operafons at Ra pahannock Bridge and Grove Thuroli, Va. I~E PORTS No. I.Maj. Gen. George G. Meade, U. S. Army, commanding Fifth Army Corps. No. 2.Brig. Gen. Gershom Mott, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade, Second Division, Third Army Corps. No. 3.Brig. Gen. XVa e Hampton, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Bri~ade. No. 1. Report cf iiaj. Gen. George G. Meade, U. S. Army, eo)flrncvldiny Fifth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS, February 10, 1863. GENERAL: In accordance with orders received from the headquarters Army of the Potomac, dated the 4th instant, requiring the sem ing of a cavalry force, supported by infantry, to the Rappahannock River, where the Orange and Alexandria Railroad crosses it, for the purpose of destroying the railroad bridge, I detailed three regiments of cavalry, nnder the command of Col. J. B. McIntosh, Third Pennsylvania Cav- alry, with a battery of artillery, to execute the work required, and de- tailed the Second Division, Third Corps, commanded l)y Brig. Gen. J. B. Carr, as the supporting force. Notwithstanding it was late in the afternoon and evening of the 4th instant when the necessary instructions in detail were given, and the occurrence on the morning of the 5th of a violent snowstorm, both corn- mantis were en route early in the mornin ~, and the expedition success- fully accomplished. All the discretionary orders to return were sent to Colonel McIntosh on the evening of the 5th instant. I submit herewith the reports of Colonel McIntosh t and General Carr,t giving the details of the expedition, and have to express my sense of the energy and promptitude of these officers and their commands, who, For orders, etc., relating to these operations, see Correspondence, etc., Part I umder date of February 4, 5, an4 6. tNot fonnd Page 8 8 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL notwithstanding the very severe storm and the exposure consequent thereon, cheerfully performed the duty assigned them, in a manner most satisfactory to me and creditable to them. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEG. G. MEADE, [Major- Generai.J Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant A cijatant- General. No. 2. Report of Brig. Gem Gershoni Mott, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigadc, Second Division, Third Army Corps. IIDQRS. THIRD BRiG., SECOND Div., THIRD CoRPs Camp near Falmouth, Va., February 9, 1863. SIR: In compliance with circular from division headquarters, of the 7th instant, I have the honor to report the part taken by this brigade in the late expedition. In accordance with orders received on Wednesday evening, the 4th instant, to be l)repared to march on secret service at an early hour the next morning, with three days cooked rations and sixty rounds of ammunition, I started my brigade at about 8 oclock on Thursday morning, and marched in the direction of llartwood Church, reaching there about 3 p. m. Resumed the march toward Grove Church, and bivouacked near Deep Run about 6 p. m. Next morning one section of Dimicks battery reported to me, and the march was resumed at 8 oclock; reached Grove Church about 10.30 a. m. Bivouacked my command in the woods near the church, and threw out strong pickets on the Ellis Ford road, the Marsh, and by- roads to Morrisvilie. At 4 p. in. I sent the Fifth and Sixth New Jersey Volunteers, under command of Colonel Sewell to vile. , occupy certain cross.roads near Morris. At 6 p. m. orders were received to return to camp. I immediately started the artillery, and having called in the Fifth and Sixth New Jersey Volunteers and my pickets, I left Grove Church at 8 p. in., and marched to within about 1 mile of llartwood Church, where I biv- ouacked for the night. Next morning, the 7th instant, I resumed the march, and reached camp about 3 p. m. Owing to the inclement weather, starting in a severe snow-storm, which lasted all day, interspersed with hail and rain, raining all night and part of the next day, the next night being exceedingly cold, and on Saturday the sun coming out thawed the roads so that it was terrible marching, it may be called one of the most severe expeditions on the command that any troops have been called upon to perform. I am happy to say that it was performed without a murmur, and that I have no casualties to report. Inclosed I forward regimental commanders repolts.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. MOTT, Brig. Gen. U. S. Vois., Commanding Third Brigade. Capt. LE GRAND BENEDICT, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Di~cision, Third Army Corps. Not found Page 9 CHAP. XXXVII.] SCOUT FROM CAMP PIATT, W. VA. 9 No 3. Report qf Brig. Gen. Wade Iliainjpton, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade. HEADQUARTERS, February 7, 18639.30 p. m. GENERAL: The enemy moved up in considerable force on the Marsh road yesterday and the day before. Three brigades (infantry) encamped near Grove Church, while a force of cavalry caine to Kellys Mills with one gun, and another party attacked my pickets at the railroad bridHe. This latter force endeavomed to destroy the bridge, but were foiled in their attempt. Just at dark a party got nuder the bridge on the oppo- site side of the river, behind the abutments, and cut a few of the })osts, attempting to fire the timbers at the same time. In the meantime a vigorous attack was made on my pickets, who got into the rifle-pits, and held their ground resolutely. The enemy were driven off after some hours fighting, and my loss was 1 man wounded. The whole force of the enemy retired at 2 a m this morning. I regret that the condition of my horses did net allow me to follow them. The infantry have also fallen back. My scouts have captured 25 prisoners in the last few days and killed 6 of the enemy. All is quiet along the lines to-night. I am, very respectfnlly, yours, HAMPTON, Brigadier- General. Major-General [J. E. B.] STUART. FEBRUARY 58, 1863.Scout front Camp Piatt into Wyoming County, W. Va. Report of ]Iiaj. John ]JIciiiahan, Second West Virginia Cavalry. CAMP PIAiT, W. VA., February 9, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report the following as the result of my recent trip into Wyoming County, W. Va.: In obedience to your orders, I marched with 70 men, in a blinding snow storm, on the morning of the 5th instant; crossed Big Coal River at Thompsons farm, striking Little Coal 12 miles above Boone Conrt- House, halting 10 miles above sai(l point until 10 p. in.; thence marched by the way of Wyoming Court-House to Charles Stewarts, on the Lau- rel Fork of Guyandotte River, 4 miles from said Court-House. Remained there until 1 p. m. on the 6th; thence l)roceeded to the headwaters of Laurel Creek, to John Farmers, and remained there until 6 a. m. of the 7th; thence marched to the Marsh Fork of Bib Coal River, down said river to Jacob Fetters, where we arrived at 6 a. m. of the 8th; thence, by the way of Lums Creek, to Cam P Piatt, where we arrived at 7 p. m. on the 8th instant. The weather was very severe, and my men and horses suffered very much. Some of my men had their feet frozen. We lost 4 horses from fatigue and exhaustion, and I impressed 3, one from old Mr. Cook, father of the rebel Captain Cook, 1 from a Mr. Fielding, and 1 from an unknown party, to enable me to bring my men into camp. The fourth man dismounted rode the horse of the guide, who remained at home. From reliable information received, I am satisfied that the rebel Cap Page 10 [CHAP. XXXVII. 10 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tam Henderson has not been in Wyoming County since Floyds retreat. The rebel Captain Cook was heard of some~two or three weeks since in said county, but had left some time since. I am satisfied also that there are no rebel forces in that county. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN MOMAHAN, Major Second West Va. Vol. Cavalry, Comdg. Detachment. Col. J. C. PAXTON, Second West Virginia Vol. Cay. FEBRUARY 6. 1863.Skirmish at or near Millwood, Va. Report of Bri~y. Gen. Benjamin P. Kelley, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES UPPER POTOMAC, ilarpers Perry, Va., February 10, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that information has been received that the stage-coach running between iMartinsburg and Win- chester was captured on Friday evening last near Bunker Hill by 8 or 10 guerrillas, and several officers and citizens taken prisoners. They were, however, subsequently retaken at or near Miliwood by a force sent out b~ General iilroy, which attacked the capturing party, killed 1, and took 1 prisoner. This information is derived from one of the passengers who was captured, and is reliable. General Milroy has made no report of the circumstances.* I am, respectfully, your obedient servant, B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier. General. Lieut. Col. W. H. CHESEBROUGH, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Baltimore, Mid. FEBRUARY 6, 1863Skirmish at Wiggentons Mills, Aquia Creek, Va. Reports of ]IIaj. Reuben Reinhold, Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry.t HDQIiS. SEVENTEENTH PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY, Pebruar 7, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that at 1 oclock Friday morning, the 6th, the picket post, consisting of 16 men, in command of Lieuten- ant Eiwlish, at Wiggentons Mills, was attacked by a force of about 35 men, 20 in onuted and 15 dismounted; they killed 2 men, wounded Lieutenant English, and took 10 prisoners and 15 horses. Lieutenant En4ish and 4 men effected their escape, aided by the darkness of the night and the thick undergrowth of J)ines adjoining the post. The following is a list of the killed and prisoners4 I am, major, most respectfully, your obedient servant, REUBEN REINHOLD, Major, Co nmanding Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. Major H. BALDWIN, Jr. Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, Eleventh Army Corps. See Milroy to ScheneL, February 10, in Correspondence, etc., Part II. See Butterfield to Meade, February 6, in Correspondence, etc., Part IL 4 List, omitted, shows 2 killed and 10 prisoners Page 11 CHAP. XXXVII.) EXPEDITION INTO POCAHONTAS CO., XV. VA. 11 CAMP, Aquja Church, 17a, February 14, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that I have carefully investi- gated the affair of the morning of February 6, 1863, concerning the capture of the pickets under command of Lieutenant English, and can really find no grounds on which to base charges against him. I am, general, your most obedient servant, REUBEN REINHOLD, ]Iiiajor AS~even teenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. Brigadier-General STAHEL. FEBRUARY 9, 1863.Skirmish near Somerville, Va. Report of iIfaj. Charles McLean Knox, Ninth ~ew YorA~ Cavalry, corn- in a ading brigade. ALLOOCKS, February 9, 1863. GENERAL: I received information 1 st night that a party of the Black Horse Cavalry were in the nei~hborhood of Morrisville post-office. I sent Captain Dickson, of the Ninth New York Cavalry, out at daybreak this morning in command of a reconnoitering party, with orders to pro- ceed to iVlorrisville, thence to Somerville, and return by the Somerville road. When near Somerville, he came upon a party of rebels concealed in a thick wood They charged upon the advance guard under charge of Scout Cook, when Captain Dickson rapidly dvanced upon them, and, after several volleys were fired, the rebels gave way, and Captain Dickson pursued them and scattered them completely. We had 2 men wounded. Lieutenant Schwartz, of the Fourth New York Cavalry, accompanied him with a party of the Fourth New York Cavalry, and behaved with great coolness. I shall proceed to Stafford as soon as the wagons return. I may not be able to get very far to-day, as the roads are in a terrible condition, and the horses of our teams very much worn out, but 1 hope to get a couple of miles beyond llartwood Church. I shall send out patrols and throw out strong pickets to-night if I halt, and be in conKtant readiness for any emergency. I have the honor to be, general, your most obedient servant, CHARLES McLEAN KNOX, Major, Commanding Brigade. Brigadier-General STAHEL, Comdg. First Div., 11th Ai-my Curps. FEBRUARY 1012, 1863.Expedition from Beverly into Focahontas County, W. Va. Report of Brig. Gen. Augustus Moor, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS NORTHERN BRIGADE, Buckhannon, Va, February 17, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that on the 10th instant I started an expedition from Beverly, consisting of 60 cavalry and 75 infantry, commanded by Captain [Chatham T.] Ewing, Second Regiment Vir- ginia Volunteer Infantry, to capture rebel recruiting parties and stores in Pocahonk s County. Captain Ewing was instructed to proceed with the mounted men tha Page 12 12 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII nigWt to the summit of Cheat Mountain, the infantry to go as far as Huttonsville; the mounted men to l)roceed to Greenbank the next (lay, and the infantry to follow as a reserve to Grecubrier River a nd there to await the return of the mounted men. Captain Ewing, minding instructions, s uc& eeded in surprising every- thing. He secured 13 prisoners from the Thirty-first and Third Virginia (rebel) regiments, 152 head of cattle, 15 horses and mules, and a large number of arms, which he had to destroy for want of transportation, without any loss or accident on our side. Captain Ewing deserves l)raise for his perseverance. He put a damper on the rebel rejoicing over the disgraceful conduct of Major [Henry C.] Flesher. I also received reliable information that, as soon as the condition of the roads permit, two moic regiments from Staunton will join Imboden, to invade loyal counties of West Virginia, and take all the horses out, atter driving in our outposts; thereibre I ought to have more cavalry an(l one battery in the brigade, in time to be ready to meet any force at any place along my front. The uncertainty as to what forces really belong to my command is a great embarrassment to me. I hope soon to be relieved of it. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. MOOR Brigadier- (iem~eral. Maj. G. M. BASCOM, Assisic nt Adjulcint-General. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE Ouio, Cincinnati, Ohio, Aiarch 3, 1863. Respectfully reterred to the Assistant Adjutant-General, Headquar- ters ot the Army, for the information of the General-in-Chief and his attention invited to the remarks regarding the embarrassment arising from the uncertainty as to whom the command of certain regiments belongs. As befoie recommended, this question should be definitely settled, though I have no doubt those regiments properly belong to the West Virginia force, and not to the 1)resent command of General Kelley. H. G. WRIGHT, ill ajor- General, Commanding. FEBRUARY 1016, - 1863.Operations in Westmoreland and Richmond Counties, Va. REPORTS. * No. l.Maj. William H. MedUl, Eighth Illinois Cavalry. No. .pt. Cr~ ig W. Wadsworth, Aide-de-Camp. No. 1. Report of iliaj. William if iliedili, Eighth Illinois Cavalry. ON PICKET, Near Edge Hill, ITa., February 13, 1863. COLONEL: The practical results of my three days scout into West- moreland and Richmond Counties arc briefly these: I ve~ehcd Westmorelaiid Court-House on Tuesday [10th] at 10 a ascertained that I was too late, the meeting that I was sent to preside See also Hooker to Kelton, Petruary 19, in Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 13 CHAP. XXXVII.] OPERATIONS IN WESTMORELAND co:, YA~, LTC~. 13 at having transacted the principal portion of its business on Monday, and was, therefore, ready to adjourn. We failed to get the papers or the inspectors, but caught 2 cavalrymen, 2 conscripts (the lattcr IL paroled), and several horses. The other cavalry and the board made their escape on fresher horses. We also captured near the court-house a quantity of smuggled tobacco, sugar, and coffee, some saltpeter, and nearly fifty barrels of villainous whisky. The saltpeter and whisky I destroyed, and the other articles were divided to my command. I encampe(l near Westinoreland Court-House on Tuesday night. On Wednesday I visite~ Warsaw, the court-honse town of Richmond County, where I picked up 2 int~ntry belonging to the Fortieth Virginia,. Colonel [J. M.J Brockenbrou~h. The colonel, as I supposed would be the case, had taken his departure. I found in a building bearing the title of the Fleetwood Academy the papers and order-book I send with the bearer,* containing a list of names of those persons subject to conscription, and I also (liscovered a post-office in full blast. The let- ters, papers, & c., I sent you last night were taken therefrom. The mail-bags, keys, & c., I destroyed, and suspended the office in the name of the United States. The postmaster had fled. In town I also picked up a couple of horses belonging to some conscripts, who hid themselves on our approach. The distance from Westmoreland Court-iopse to Warsaw was over 15 miles, and finding it impossible to go any farther that day, and appearances indicating a long rain, our horses being wearied, rations becoming short, I returned to Westmoreland, encamped over night, and on Thursday returned to Edge Hill, to my ~amp~ Daring my absence I discovered the following facts in regard to matters down the Neck: There is a very large trade in contraband goods of every description carried on between Maryland and Virginia, the principal depot being at a place called Union, in Richmond County, and the principal port of entry at a place called, in Lloyds military map, the Hague, on the Potomac shore. There are probably 500 Confed- erate soldiers at home in the counties below this one on furloughs and deserters. At no one time do the rebels send more than from 20 to 30 cavalry across the river to gather up deserters and stragglers, these cavalry being generally called partisan rangers, or, in other words, guerrillas; and, finally, that there are a great many good Union fami- lies in those counties, who gladly furnish information when approached properly. I would refer to two families named Swisher~ another named Conde, and Rev. G. II. Norton. The roads are good and forage suffi- cient to supply a large force of cavalry; but hor -es are scarce, and healthy men few and far between, there having 1 cen four drafts made npon the horses and men previous to this one. I gave Captain Wadsworth, of neral keynolds staff, the particu- lars as to where to visit, the roads to follow, and the people to call upon. In accordance with an order received last night, I relieved th two squadrons of the Eighth w York, and tm-ned Over to Captain [Caleb] Moore your order. Lie did not 0-ct off until 3 oclock this morning, how- ever, owing to Captain [ ~enjamin F.] Foote being uuwcll and being slow in reporting bi~ squL~dion to Captain Moor Hoping, colonel, that what I have done will meet your approval, I have the honor to be, ~our ob dient servant, \NT H. MFI)ILL, illiajor Eighth I1ih~ ;is Carat -ii. Col. \ TILLL\M GAMBLE. (9iuouumd ing Picket. Not fouiid Page 14 14 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVJL No.2. Report of Ccpt. Craig TV. Wad8worth, Aide.de Camp. HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS, Near Belle Plain, Va., February 17, 1803. SIR: I have the honor to report that, in pursuance of verbal instruc- tions from the major-general commanding, I proceeded to the Northern Neck with two squadrons of the Eighth New York Cavalry, nuder com- mand of Captain Moore, on the 13th instant. We reached Westmoreland Court-House at 12 m. Learning that a mail was received at Warsaw Court-House from Richmond every Tues- day and Friday evenings, and that it was quite a rendezvous for smug- glers, I pnshed on to that place, arriving there at dusk. As we were entering the town, I arrested a citizen of Maryland, who was returning from Hague in a sulky, and had with him several hundred yards of dress stuffs. He came from Maryland about the 1st instant with two other citizens. They brought with them three wagon-loads of goods, which they took to Richmond. He has also been in the habit of carry- ing the mail between the two rivers. At Warsaw* I got a Richmond mail, which was brought across the river that afternoon. I searched several of the houses, j~nd also the hotel, which was used as a depot, but found that everything had been removed two days before. William E. Callahar~ the postmaster, and the projrietor of the hotel, both es- caped into the woods. I found there was a regular line between this place and Hague, and that a large amount of goods had been brought through during the last month. They have two large boats and several small ones at the ferry, which is about 3 miles from Warsaw. They can bring over 16 horses at a time on the large boatK General F. Lees brigade of cavalry is stationed in Essex County, opposite Richmond and Westmoreland Counties. We left Warsaw at 11 p. in., and went 6 miles in tho direction of ilague, where we bivouacked. On the morning of the 14th we went to Hague. There were quite a iiumber of citize ~ and several soldiers in the village as we came in. We took 4 prisoners, 1 belon0ing to the Ninth Virginia Cavalry, 2 to the Fortieth Virginia Infantry, and the other to the Signal Corps. The latter was on duty, watching the Potomac River; the other three were on furlough. The afternoon of the 14th was spent in searching the houses and country in the vicinity of Machodoc Creek. A large quantity of con- traband matter had been landed at this point and sent forward to War- saw. Dr. [Samuel E.] Spalding, of Leonardtown, Md., had crossed the Potomac the night previous. The doctor is the wealthiest and largest trader on the Neck. On the 15th instant we came back as far as Millersville, and on the 16th returned to camp. I took for the United States Government 17 horses and 1 mule. Turned over to Captain Moore, Eighth New York Cavalry, 13 horses and the mule, and the other 3 horses to Captain [Myron H.] Mandeville, quartermaster First Division of this corps. Four of the horses were taken from Mr. Newtons farm, at Hague. Mr. [W. Willoughby] Newton is a member of Congress in the so-called Con- federate States. Five were taken with the prisoners and the bahince from farms of citizens who were in the army or had sons there. * See Expedition to Mattox Creek, Va., etc., P. 15, an4 to Heathsville, Va., p. 16 Page 15 CHAP. XXXVII.] EXPEDITION TO MATTOX CREEK, VA., ETC. 15 A great ~deal of stock, bacon, and grain has been and is now being sent across the iRappahannock from the upper counties. There is still a large quantity on hand, especially bacon mid grain. I understand but little has been sent from the lower counties. The enemy are in the habit of sending small parties of cavalry across two or three times a week to patrol the counties. They are granting a great many furloughs, and there are a large number of soldiers home on the Neck. A conscription is advertised at Warsaw Court-House on Friday and Saturday of this week. Very respectfully, your obedii~nt servant. CRAiG W. WADSWORTH, Captain and Ai Lieut. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., . de-de-Canip. Assistant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 12, 1863.Skirmishes near Smithfield and Charestown, W. Va. Li~eport of Brig. Geu. Beijamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army. BALTIMORE, Mn., February 13, 18632.40 p. m. I have received the following dispatch from Brigadier General Kelley: HARPERS FERRY, VA., February 13, 1863. Yesterday about 1 p. m. a squad of [R. W. J Baylors rebel cavalry attacked a small scouting party of the Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry, from Kearneysville, of 12 men, near Smithfield, killing 1, wounding 2, and capturing 4 men and several horses. About 4 m m. my scouts from here fell in with the same party a few miles south of Charles- town, and, after a running fight of several miles, recaptured our men and horses, and captured Lieutenant [George] Baylor, two of his men, and several horses. B. F. KELLEY, Lientenant-Colone CHESEBROUGH, Brigadier-General. A8sistae t Adj taut- General. I have the honor to be, very respectfully IROBT. C. SCIIFJNCK, Major- General, Cornrnandi~tg. Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK, General-in- Chief. FEBRUARY 1214, 1863.Expedition from Belle Plain to Mattox Creek, Currioman and Nomini Bays, Va. Report of Col. James Gavin, Seventh Indiana infantry. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST Div., FIRST ARMY CORPS, February 14, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that, in accordance with orders from corps headquarters, I embarked 350 men of the Seventh Indiaua Volunteers on board the steamer Ed win Lewis, on the evening of the 12th instant. Arrived near the mouth of Mattox Creek on the morning of the 13th, about daylight. Found no landing or wharf neat that place, excep Page 16 16 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CHAP. XXXYTI. the landing and wharf 2 miles from the mouth of the creek. The boat was unable to get up to this landing for two reasons: First, she drew 5 feet water, while the channel was but 4 feet deep; secondly, the chan- nel is intricate, and can only be followed by an experienced pilot. The pilot placed on board the boat by the quartermaster knew nothing of the landings, or how to get to them. The whole of the 13th instant was spent trying to find the channel and effect a landing, but without suc- cess. The boat was grounded about 3 p. in., and the captain was unable to get her off of the bar until 8 p. in. I then ordered the captain to proceed at once to Komini Bay. Arrived in the neighborhood during the night, and anchoied until morning. The pilot was entirely unacquainted with the entrance to either Cur. rioman or Nomini Bays. The forenoon of the 14th was spent in taking soundings and find~ng the channel. By going ashore, I learned that the wharf at Currioman Bay had been destroyed, and that at Nomini Bay there was no landing, and thus being unable to land at either place, it was impossible to accomplish the objects of the expedition. By landing (in a small yawl), I ascertained that there are large quan- tities of corn, wheat, and hay near these two bays and up Mattox Creek. Some horses and mules might be obtained for the United States if an expedition is properly fitted out for that purpose. There are only a few contrabands in this section of country, and they are generally old and valueless. The valuable slaves have nearly all been sent south. The country is rich and productive. On the afternoon of the 14th instant, after consultation with Major [William R.] Sterling, of General Hookers staff, I ordered the boat to return to Belle Plain; reached the landing about 5 p. in., and disem- barked the troops. The expedition failed in accomplishing its intended objects for the following reasons: 1st. The pilot in charge of the boat knew nothing about the landings in the creeks and bays where my orders required me to go. 2d. No lighter or small boats accompanied the steamer by which my troops could be lauded, or forage or other articles brought off to the steamer. i am, sir, very reSl)ectftllly, your obedient servant, JAMES GAVIN, Colonel Seven th Indiana Vo is., Comdg. Second Brigade. Lient. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., A. A. U., First Army Corps. FEBRUARY 1214, 1S63.Expeditiou from Pratts Landing to Heaths yule, Va Reports of Cot. Lacias Fairchild, Seeo~ d Wisconsin infantry.* BELL. PLMr, VA., February 16, 1863. SIE: I have the honor to report that, in accordance with orders re- ceived from headquarters Firsi viny Corps and from headquarters First DivLion, I ~mha~ked on board the steamer Alice Price, Iro ii the Lower Belle Plain L~ iiding, Thursday, Febrn ry 12, at 3 p. in., with about 250 ~eu of h e ~Sixtlr Wisconsin Volunteers, under colilInall(l of Lieutenant- ~o1o nel Bragg, and 236 men of tile Second Wisconsin Volunteers, teamed down the Potomac River to Coan iliver, where See also Hooker to Kelton, February 19, in Correspondence, etc., Paft II Page 17 CHAP. XXXV1L] EXPEDITION TO HEATHSVILLE, VA. 17 we arrived at 10 a. m. On the 13th, disembarked and marched rapidly to fleathsville, arresting and detaining as prisoners all citizens living on the line of march, to prevent information of our approach reach- ing that l)lace. The town was completely snprised. From all the in- formation I conid gain, I am convinced there is no depot of suppliei~ in that neighborhood; none were found. I seized all mail-matter found in the place, which is herewith transmitted. I seized 43 horses and mules, 28 of which Ii sent nuder charge of Lieu- tenant Dailey, Second Wisconsin Volunteers, with 27 men, by land, in- structing him to seize any stock he could on the way, in accordance with general orders. Lieutenant Dailey will probably reach our lines to-day. Fifteen horses and mules I shipped on board the steamer. I seized about 10,000 pounds of bacon, 1 box of shoes, 1 bale of cotton, 1 part bale cotton, 2 anchors, 1 cable chain, 1 wagon, 2 sets harness. Having no transportation for any more property, I embarked my com- mand on the 14th, steamed to Nomini Bay, and from there to Mattox River, looking after Colonel Gavins expedition, to co-operate with him, but did not find him. I arrested James Smith, of Coan River, on the charge of being en- gaged with persons in running the blockade. He acknowledged that he has hauled smuggled goods to the Rappahannock River. I think he can give valnable information as to the names of persons engaged in smuggling-. I arrested F. Downing, on the charge of being one of the leaders of a party who arrested and sent to Richmond 8 men from two coal-barges which went ashore near Cod River about the middle of November last. Both prisoners were delivered at your headquarters last evening. In Coan River I destroyed three small vessels; in Cod River two all sunken, but could be raised with little trouble. They had all run the blockade, and could have been raised again for the same purpose. No considerable force of the enemy could be heard of. The commissioners of conscription were to have met, as you will see by the poster herewith inclosed, but they were notified that our cavalry were marching in that direction, and fled on the evening of the 12th. About 70 contrabands were given transportation on board of the steamer. The officers and men behaved most excellently. Lieutenant-Colonel Bragg, of the Sixth, and Major Mansfield, of the Second Wisconsin Volunteers, rendered me valuable aid and assistance. The property I will turn over to the quartermaster. Forage can be had in large quantities in the neighborhood of Heathsville, if gathered in from the plantations round about. I arrived at Belle Plain, and disembarked at 5 p. m. on the 15th. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, LUCIUS FAIRCHILD, Colonel Second Wisconsin Volunteers, Commanding. Capt. T. B. ELLSWORTH, Asst. Adjt. Uen, First Division~, First Army Corps. [Indorsements.] IIDQRs. FIRST DIVISION, FIRST ARMY CORPS, Respectfully forwarded. February 16, 1863. JAS. S. WADSWORTH, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. 2 I~ RyoL XXV, PT Page 18 18 N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXX\TIL HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS, February 16, 1863. Respectfully forwarded. The mail has already been forwarded. Cob. nel Fairchild gives no reason why he did not continue his expedition np by land as far as Nomini Bay, but I presume the same reason gov- erned him in this matter that prevented Colonel Gavin from lauding. JOHN F. REYNOLDS, ]Jiliajor- General, Commanding. [P. S.]The poster alluded to was not inclosed. CAMP SECOND WISCONSIN VOLUNTEERS, Belle Plain, Va., February 16, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith the poster referred to in my report. It was overlooked. I (10 not think the pilots who were on board the Alice Price with me know much, if anything, about the land- ings about Nomini Bay. They did not know the channel in which I wished to land yesterday; consequently the boat was anchored outside. Respectfully, your obedient servant, LUCIUS FAIRCHILD, Colonel Second Wisconsin Volunteers. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Lieut. Cot. and Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Army Corps. [Indorsements.] HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY Coups, February 16, 1863. Respectfully forwarded. General Wadsworth is very anxious to get up another expedition to bring in the grain and bacon, of which there is represented to be considerable quantities scattered through the lower counties, and that he can find pilots and guides who can be relied upon. Respectfully, & c., JOHN F. REYNOLDS, lJfajor- General Volunteers, Conimanding. [P. S.]I send a mail taken by the cavalry at Warsaw. Respectfully forwarded. I have found here a negro who claims to be a competent pilot for Komini Bay. JAS. S. WADSWORTH, Brigadier- Ge~teral. FEBRUARY 14, 1863.Affair near Union Mills, Va. Report of Brig. Gen. Alexander ifays, U. S. Army. UNION MILLS, February 13, 18632.30 p. m. A captain and 45 men of the First Michigan Cavalry were attacked an hour ago about 3 miles in front of Union Mills, toward Brentsville, by the enemys cavalry, who were lying in ambush. Killed, wounded, and missing, 1 lieutenant and 17 men, and 12 horses Page 19 CHAP. XXXVIL] AFFAIR NEAR ROMNEY, W. VA. 19 The general, with about 100 of the Michigan Cavalry, has left to look after the rebels. There are now, with the exception of the men on out- post, only 120 available infantry at this post. By order of General Hays: R C. SIIIIIBER, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. Capt. H. N. SCOTT, A ssistant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 1416, 1863.Affair on the Hilisborough Road, Loudoun County, and scout to Leesburg, Va. Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. & Army. BALTIMORE, Mm, February 16, 1863. Following dispatch received from Brigadier-General Kelley: HARPERS FERRY, VA., February 16, 1863. Night before last, about ii oclock, our pickets on the Hilisborough road, about 4 miles out, were attacked by some of [E. V.] Whites cavalry, 1 man badly wounded, and 1 captured. I sent out a strong cavalry scout, to scour the country thoroughly, with orders to go as far as Leesburg. The scout has returned, having carried out their orders fully. White had fallen back in the direction of Aldie. Two of his men were captured and brought in. I send them to Baltimore to-morrow. I send a strong cavalry scout to Snickers Gap to-morrow. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier-General. Lieutenant-Colonel CHESEBROUGH, As8istant Adjutant- General, Baltimore. ROBT. C. SCIIENCK, Maj. Gen. II. ~. HALLECK, Major-General, Commanding. General-in-Chief. FEBRUARY 16, 1863.Affair near Romney, W. Va. Report of CoL James Washburn, One hundred and sixteenth Ohio In fantry.* HARPERS FERRY, VA., February 17, 186312.10 p. in. Following dispatch just received: ROMNEY, W. VA., February 17, 1863. It is reported that 2,000 infantry and 400 cavalry are at Moorefield. Through the negligence and carelessness of the officer in command, we had a forage train and guard captured yesterday by a body of rebel cavalry. I have officially reported to General Milroy. I have scouting parties out to learn the position of the enemy. JAMES WASHBURN, Colonel, Commanding. General KELLEY. B. F. KELLEY, Lieutenant-Colonel CHESEBROUGH, Brigadier-General. Assistant Adjutant-General, Baltimore, iMid. * See General Orders, No. 29, HeadquT~rters Army of Northern Virginia, February 28, 1863, in Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 20 20 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVTh FEBRUARY 21, 1863.Attack on U. S. gunboats Freeborn and Dragon, at Wares Point, Va. Report of Brig. Gen. 1W. H. F. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade.* HEADQUARTERS LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, February 23, 1863. MAJOR: I have the honor to report that on Friday, 20th, two gun- boats, one side-wheel and the other propeller, came up as far as Tap- 1)ahannock. I went immediately down to Wares Point with two pieces (Napoleon and Blakely) Stuart Horse Artillery, Lieutenant [C. E.] Ford command- ing; took a position in the old fortifications. They came down on Saturday about 2 p. m. Lieutenant Ford, his men and guns being concealed, took them completely by surprise. For fifteen or twenty minutes he poured a deadly fire, damaging both boats, as well as could be ascertained, considerably. They showed very little disposition to fight, but ran by as quickly as they could, firing as they passed, but doing no damage. Our range was three-quarters of a mile. Colonel [J. L.] Davis, Tenth Virginia Cavalry, has been ordered to relieve Col. Williams C. Wickham, and will start to-morrow. Very respectfully, W. H. F. LEE, Brigadier. General. Maj. NORMAN H. FITZIIUGH, Assistant Adjutant- General. P. S.I inclose a letter received from one of my scouts on the Potomac.t [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION, February 26, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the commanding gen- eral. The promptness, energy, and consummate skill on the part of Brig. Gen. W. H. F. Lee, the coolness, daring, and intrepidity of young Ford and the section of his battery, deserve the highest commendation. Those two guns (the Napoleon and Blakely) of the Horse Artillery are already historic. The enterprise speaks well for the vigilance and effi- ciency of that brigade4 J. E. B. STUART, Major- General, Commanding Cavalry. * For report of Commodore Andrew A. Harwood, U. S. Navy, see Annual Report of the Secretary of the Navy, dated December 7 1863. I Not found. See General Orders, No. 29, Headquarters Army of Northern Virginia, February 28, 1863, i a Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 21 CHAP. XXXVII.] SKIRMISH AT HARTWOOD CHURCH, VA. 21 FEBRUARY 25, 1863.Skirmish at Hartwood Cliurch~ Va. REPORTS. * No. 1.Brig. Gen. Daniel E. Sickles, U. S. Army, commanding Third Army Corps. No. 2.Col. Benajali P. Bailey, Eighty-sixth New York Infantry, commanding First Brigade, Third Division. No. 3. Brig. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. No. 4.Itinerary of the Second Division, Cavalry Corps, commanded hy Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. S. Army, for Fehruary, 1863. No. 5.Brig. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee, C. S. Army. No. 1. Report of Brig. Gen. Daniel B. & ckles, U. ~. Army, commanding Third Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS THIRD ARMY CORPS, February 25, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the following information from Colonel Bailey, commanding First Brigade, Third Division, general officer of my outposts: About 2 oclock the enemys cavalry in force drove in our vedettes, and approached within 20 yards of my infantry sentinels. Lieutenant- Colonel Cummins, One hundred and twenty-fourth New York, opened fire on the assailants, and drove them back with loss. The attack was not renewed. Considerable firing was heard on the right of Colonel Bailey. It was reported that a detachment of our cavalry, estimated from 60 to 100, was cut off by the enemy and made prisoners. General Whipple informs me that Colonel Bailey has taken a pris- oner who states that he belongs to Fitzhugh Lees cavalry, five regi- ments of which crossed the river this morning and made this attack. This man will be sent immediately to headquarters as sooti as he ar- rives. Shall I go out with a brigade or so, to support my liner I am, general, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, D. B. SICKLES, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant- General, Ar my of the Potomac. No. 2. Report of Col. Benajah P. Bailey, Eighty sixth New York infantry, commanding First Brigade, Third Division. HEADQUARTERS FIRST BRIGADE PICKET, February 25, 18632.30 p. in. Our cavalry pickets at the Warrenton road were fired into at about 2 oclock, the enemy being from 500 to 1,000 strong. Our cavalry passed through our lines, the enemy within 20 yards, firing with pistols at the See Correspondence, etc., Fehrnary 25 and 26, Part II. See also General Orders, No.29, Headqnarters Army of Northern Virginia, FQbruary 28, 1863, in Correspond- ence, etc., Part II Page 22 22. N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. time. Lieutenant.Colonel Cummins opened fire npon them with our infantry picket and repulsed them. They skedaddled back in double- quick time. Lieutenant-Colonel Cummins says, if I will allow it, he will take his command and put the rebels across the river before night. This I cannot do without orders; neither would it be safe, as there has been considerable firing off to our right. The cavalry told Captain [Benjamin M.] Piatt that there had been 60 of their men cut off. We had, on arriving here, about 1,356 men, and relieved about the same number. The cavalry on our right are asking for about 200 men (infantry), but I cannot spare them from the line. I have reported the same to General Whipple. I have the honor to be, yours, respectfully, B. P. BAILEY, Acting Brigadier- General, Comdg. First Brigade Picket. Brigadier-General SICKLES, Commanding Third Army Corps. No. 3. Report of Brig. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, commanding Cav alry Corps, Army of the Potomac. IIDQR$. CAY. Coups, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 4, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report, in accordance with the fol- lowing instructions: The commanding general desires to have as soon as possible an exact report of the forces engaged in the recent expedition against the enemy, showing also the number of men killed, wounded, and missing; the number and description of horses, arms, and equipments of every kind lost and missing; the movements in full of each portion of yonr command, and the delay of any portion to execute promptly and completely the part assigned it, together with the reasons therefor. On the afternoon of the 25th ultimo I received a dispatch from Gen- eral Averell, informing me that the enemy was said to be in force iu front of his line of cavalry vedettes and in the vicinity of llartwood Church, but that he had sent to find out, and would let me know the result of his investigations. This information I forwarded to head- quarters for the information of the general commanding. Shortly afterward I was sent for to appear at headquarters. Arrived there, I found that General Averell had taken the precantion to send his information by telegraph to headquarters, and that he had received the necessary orders from thence. The operations of his command in detail will be found in his report and the reports of his subordinates, herewith inclosed.* By direction of the commanding general, I directed the commanding officer of the First Division to hold his command in readiness at daylight to move at a moments notice, and sent for the commanding officer of the Reserve Brigade, in order to give him the same instructions. Before he arrived, however, I was directed to have the whole available force in readiness to move at 1 a. in., and shortly afterward the order was changed to Move at once, which was communicated to General Pleas- onton, First Division, by telegraph, and to Captain [George C.J Cram, commanding Reserve Brigade, in person. General Pleasonton was directed to move upon the Stafford Court- House and IDumfries road, at a point near Aquia Church, and Captain * Not found Page 23 CHAP. XXXVII.] SKIRMISH AT HARTWOOD CHURCH, VA. 23 Cram was directed to push his brigade on to llartwood Church. The various reports that came in from the front appeared to indicate that the enemy was in considerable force, and that he was moving in the direction of Stafford and iDumfries. Under this impression, the cavalry force would be at daylight in the morning en echelon, the left advanced up the river as far possibly as Deep Run, thus effectually cutting off the retreat of the enemy by the route which he came, and his escape would have been very difficult, if not impossible. About midnight information was received from General Averell that he had arrived with his division at llartwood Church, whereupon I sent orders to General Pleasonton to move at once for Morrisville, keeping south of Aquia Creek, and keeping a good lookout for any trails of the enemy going north. Shortly afterward I left for llartwood Church, accompanied by my aides-de-camp. At Falmouth I overtook the Reserve Brigade, and sent forward to direct the commanding officer to push on as fast as the state of the roads would permit, and to get through, if possible, to llartwood before daylight, and, in case I should not be there, to report to Gen. eral Averell. The head of the column arrived at 4.30 at a point in the vicinity of flartwood, near which General Averell was iu bivouac, and the rear closed up about daybreak. As soon as the rear was closed up, I directed the brigade to advance, the First Cavalry leading, fol- lowed by the Second. General Averell, with his division, joining, I turned over the advance to him, with directions to push on as fast as circumstances would permit. I remained at Hartwood myself, retain. ing a portion of the Reserve Brigade at that point. I sent a squadron to Richards Ford, toward which I learned a party of the enemy had gone, and over which I learned, through Captain Callender, who ac- companied this squadron, the party had recently passed by swimming the river. Another squadron I sent on the road leading direct to Warrenton, with the view of ascertaining whether any parties had passed direct from Kellys Ford toward Dumfries. This party, having gone beyond Spotted Tavern, returned without discovering any trail, a thing easily seen had the enemy passed that way, as the ground was then covered with snow. Three officers with small parties were sent out to intercept and communicate with General Pleasonton, supposing he had received and acted upon the orders sent him the night previous. These officers had directions to order General Pleasonton to return to his camp, as I had learned from undoubted authority that the enemy had reerossed the river, and had been informed by Captain Callender that the river was swimming and rising fast; and I knew there was no hope of doing anything. The force with General Averell I intended, with the permission of the general commanding, to employ in the de- struction of the Rappahannock railroad bridge, and for that purpose I had sent to General Couch for axes, which the general promptly for- warded to me. Before, however, the axes arrived, I received the follow- ing order, the first communication I received in writing: HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC, February 26, 18636.30 a. m. Brigadier-General STONEMAN, Commanding Cavalry: GENERAL: General Hooker directs that in the event of your inability to cut off the enemys cavalry, you will follow them to their camp, and destroy them. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, DANL. BUTTERFIELD, Major-General, Chief of Staff Page 24 24 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIt After no little thought and some misgivings upon the subject, I de- termined to move the whole of my available force dowu to the river that night, and at daylight the next morning push them at all hazards for the south bank of the Rappahannock, myself; of course, setting the example, a prospect anything but cheering. In the meantime I had received notice from General Pleasonton of his arrival at Morrisville with his division and his junction with Averell, and I had pushed forward all the force with me but 500 men. At 4.45 p. m. I received the following order: HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, February 26, 186312.30 p. m. Brigadier-General STONEMAN, Commanding Cavalry: GENERAL: The major-general commanding directs that in case the enemy has re- crossed the Rappahannock and are on the other side, you will retnrn with all your command to camp. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, DANL. BUTTERFIELD, M~~jor-General, Chief of Staff. This was communicated to Generals Pleasonton and Averell with instructions to carry it into effect after it had beeu ascertained beyond a doubt that the enemy had crossed the river and was on the other side; ~ and subsequently receiving a note from General Pleasonton assuring me that there was no doubt about the enemy having crossed over that morning, I ordered the whole force to return at once to camp. The movements of General Averell, until I joined him near Hart- wood, were made in accordance with instructions received from head- quarters, and I presumed there was no delay. The movements of Captain Cram, commanding Reserve Brigade, were extremely prompt and satisfactory. Those of General Pleason- ton were delayed, as he reports, by the non-arrival of the telegram directing him to push forward, though the two previous telegrams reached him with dispatch. The number of killed, wounded, and missing; the number and de- scription of horses and equipments of every kind lost and missing, as also of the forces engaged in the recent expedition against the enemy, being all in, and from the Second Division, are set forth in the report of General Averell, commanding that division. The requirements of your letter of February 27 having been com- plied with, aud this report being already sufficiently lengthy, I am, very very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE STONEMAN, Brigadier- General, Commanding Corps. No. 4. Itinerary of the Second Division, Cavalry Corps, commanded by Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. S. Army, for February, 1863.* February 25.The First Cavalry Brigade was organized; Col. A. N. Duffl~, of the First Rhode Island Cavalry, was appointed to command - February 26.In the evening, the pickets near llartwood Church, in * From Record of Events, on return of the division Page 25 CHAP. ~XXVTh] SKIRMISh AT IIARIWOOD CHUIWH, VA. 25 skirmishing~with the enemy, were supported by the First Rhode Island Regiment and First Massachusetts Cavalry, of this brigade. Loss in skirmish on February 26 and 27, 36 killed, wounded, ~nd missing. February 28.The two above-named regiments returned to camp. No officers killed or wounded. No. 5. Report of Brig. Gen. Eitzhugh Lee, C. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, ~7ulpeper Court-House, Va., February 27, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that I crossed the Rappahannock River at Kellys Ford on the 24th instant, on a reconnaissance, with 400 men of my command, consisting of detachments of the First, Second, and Third Regiments Virginia Cavalry, commanded, respectively, by Colonels [J. II.] Drake, [T. T.] Munford, and Lieutenant-Colonel [Will. iam R.] Cart& r. On the 25th, I drove in the enemys pickets near Hartwood Church, and attacked his reserve and main body. Routed them, and pursued them within 5 miles of Falmouth, to their infantry lines. Killed and wounded many of them. Captured 150 prisoners, including 5 commis- sioned officers, with all their horses, arms, and equipments. I then withdrew my command slowly, retiring by detachments. Encamped at Morrisville that night, and on the 26th recrossed the river, and returned to camp with my prisoners. The successive charges were splendidly executed. My loss in killed, wounded, and missing was 14. I regret to report that Surgeon [W. B.] Davis and Lieutenant [E. W.] Homer, of the Second Regiment, were left in the enemys lines, I fear mortally wounded. Lieutenant [J.] Alexander, also of the same regi- ment, was taken prisoner. Lieutenants [G. W.] Dorsey and [R.] Cecil, of Company K, First Vir- ginia Cavalry, and Adjutant [Lomax] Tayloc, Captain [T. B.] Holland, Lieutenants [William] Steptoe and [S. C.] Kirkpatrick, and Sergeant Fulks, Second Regiment Virginia Cavalry, are especially commended by their immediate commanders for good conduct in action. As coming under my own observation, I mention the gallant conduct of Colonels Munford and Drake, and Lieutenant-Colonel Carter; also Majors [W. A.] Morgan, of the First, and [C.] Breckinridge, of the Sec. ond Regiment. Major [Robert F.] Mason, Surgeon [A. C.] Randolph, Captain [Thomas F.] Bowie, Lieutenants [H. C.] Lee and [G. M.] Ryals, of my staff, were of much assistance. The enemys force was far superior to mine. I took prisoners from seven different regiments. I have also to report that one of my men who was taken by the enemy, and afterward retaken by our men, reports that he was shot by the e~einy when about to be recaptured. I inclose on a separate paper information obtained.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, FJTZ. LEE, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Maj. NORMAN R. FITZIIUGH, Assistant Adjutant- General, Car airy Division. * Not found Page 26 N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. RECAPITULATION. Horses. Prisoners cap - tured. Wounded. 0 ~ a Command. 0 a a . a a .- a . ~ a . .~ n ~ ~ 0 n ~ H a ~ ~. ~ ~ 1st Regiment Virginia Cavalry ~ 2 1 1 6 2 4 4 . 2d Regiment Virginia Cavalry 2 4 1 . 1 8 2 4 2 3d Regiment Virginia Cavalry . 1 Total .~. 2 631214487 510135150 [Indorsement No. 1.] HDQRS. CAV. Div., ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, February 28, 1863. Respectfully fbrwarded. This reconnaissance was ordered by telegraph on the evening of the 23d instant. With that brief notice, General Lee started early next morning from Unipeper. The commanding general is aware of the ex- traordinary obstacles and difficulties in the way of successa swollen river, snow, mud, rain, and impracticable roads, together with dis- tance. The brief report shows how skillfully it was executed and how suc- cessfully it was terminated. Special attention is called to the commendations of the officers and men mentioned, to which I desire to add my high appreciation of the ability and gallantry displayed by Brigadier-General Lee in his prompt performance of the important duty assigned him. J. E. B. STUART, Major- General, Commanding. [Indorsement No. 2.] HEADQUARTERS, March 1, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the Department. The commendation bestowed upon officers and men is heartily con- curred in. R. E. LEE, General. [Indorsernent No. 3.] MARCH 5, 1863. ~ Respectfully referred to the Secretary of War for his information. The paper referred to in last paragraph not received at this office. S. COOPER, Adjutant and In8pector General Page 27 CHAP. XXXVII.] SKIRMISHES NEAR WINCHESTER, VA., ETC. 27 FEBRUARY 2526, 1863.Skirmishes near Winchester, Strasburg, and Woodstock, Va. REPORTS. No. 1.Brig. Gen. Robert H. Milroy, U. S. Army, commanding division Eighth Army Corps. No. 2.Maj. Alonzo W. Adams, First New York Cavalry, of skirmish near Strasburg. No. 3.Col. James A. Galligher, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of skirmishes near Strasburg. No. 4.Brig. Gen. W. E. Jones, C. S. Army, commanding Valley District. No. 5.Col. R. H. Dukrny, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, of skirmishes near Strasburg and Middletown. No. 6.Lient. Col. 0. R. Funsten, Eleventh Virginia Cavalry, of skirmishes near Woodstock and Strasburg. No. 7.Maj. R. Brown, First Battalion Maryland Cavalry, of skirmishes near Wia- chester and Strasburg. No. 1. Reports of Brig. Gen. Robert II. Miilroy, U. S. Army, commanding divis ion Eighth Army Corps. HEADQUARTERS MILRoYS DIVISION, Winchester, Va., February 26, 1863. GENERAL: At4 oclock this morning a small body of rebel cavalry, variously estimated from 40 to 150, approached by way of, and attacked my infantry picket on, the Cedar Creek road. This picket received and repulsed the enemy, capturing 1 and wounding 2 others. The rebel cavalry then passed out on the Valley pike, and captured 6 of my cav- alry picket on that road, who were posted near Kerustown. I received the intelligence of this cavalry dash about 4.30 this a. in., and immediately sent orders for the whole of the Thirteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry and one company of the First New York Volun- teer Cavalry to pursue the enemy with all possible speed, but it was 6 a. in. before they were fairly on the move. ~Iy cavalry force was in command of Major Byrne, of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, assisted by Major Kerwin, of the same regiment. They pursued the enemy with energy, in pursuance of my orders, which were to go as far as the cavalry camp on Strawberry Hill, 2~- miles beyond Strasburg, and then to return, after learning as fully as possible the position and strength of the enemy. At Strawberry Hill they found the enemy, attacked and drove them, rescuing my captured men and taking 11 prisoners from the enemy. With this the officer in command of my cavalry was not content, but imprudently, and in violation of orders, continued the pursuit of the fugitives to within 2 miles of Woodstock. At a distance of 2 miles be- yond Strasburg, the New York company and one of the Pennsylvania companies took the road leading to the right, routed a small body of the enemys cavalry, and returned to camp without any loss except 1 or 2 scouts. Whether these were captured or not is not yet known. The other portion of the force composing the expedition was suddenly attacked by re-enforcements from the enemy~s cavalry, stationed near Woodstock. My force immediately began a hasty and confused re- treat, which oniy became the more confounded the longer it was con Page 28 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII, tinued. The major commanding succeeding in rallying but once, and then only for a moment and to no purpose, though he and most of his subordinates used the utmost endeavors to quiet the meu aud give the enemy battle, which must have resulted favorably, as our force was the greater. The conduct of my cavalry, except the New York and Pennsylvania companies that left the Yalley road beyond Strasburg, was disgraceful and cowardly. The casualties have not yet been learned, but are considerable, mostly in captures of men and horses. The enemy pursued my retreating force to Middletown. There they left off the pursuit, and returned. I had prepared, upon learning of the disaster, an ambuscade of one regiment of infantry and two pieces of artillery for the euemy at Kernstown, but failed to draw them into it. Sent a company of cavalry to Berrys Ferry to-day. They saw 15 of the enemys cavalry on the opposite side of the river, and learned that 6 had been there on yesterday. I also sent a cavalry scout to Ward- ensville to-day. It will report on to-morrow. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, It. II. MIILROY, Brig. Gen. B. F. KELLEY. Brigadier. General. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CoRPS, Baltimore, iTId., March 3, 1863. Respectfully returned through Brigadier-General Kelley to Brigadier- General Milroy, to be sent back whenever a more definite report can be furnished, stating particularly, as far as ascertained, the casualties and losses in officers, men, and horses. The conduct of the companies of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, who were driven by the enemy, appears to the general commanding to have been disgraceful in the extreme, and should be censured as of this character in a general order by the commander of the division, and also, if, upon iuquiry, it should be ascertained that any of the officers behaved with marked cowardice or other misconduct, they should be made the subject of proper punishment. By command of Major.General Schenek: WM. P. WHIPPLE, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS MILROYS DIvISIoN, Winchester, Va., March 2, 1863. GENERAL: I submit the following report of the affair of the 26th ultimo: About 4 oclock in the of that day a rebel cavalry force, morning variously estimated as numbering from 50 to 100, approached our I)ickets at the junction of Cedar Run and Strasburg roads, with the manifest in- tention of forcing them and making a dash into town. The picket-guards tired a volley into them, unhorsing 1 (whom we captured) and severely wounding 2 others. The rebels then retreated precipitously on the Stras- burg road, and fell iu with one of my vedettes, of which they captured G. These facts were reported to me within thirty minutes of their occur- rence. Iii immediately ordered Major Adams, commanding the First 2 Page 29 CHAP. XXXVII.] SKIRMISHES NEAR WINCHESTER, VA., ETC. 29 New Yoik Cavalry, to send a squadron of cavalry, and Colonel Gal~ uglier, commanding the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, two battal- ions of cavalry, in pursuit of the rebels, instructing them specially not to push the pursuit farther than 3 miles beyond Strasburg. I inclose to you copies of the official reports to me of these officers. I also give my version of the transaction referred to as gathered from these rel)orts and from other sources. The squadron of New York cavalry, which only numbered 45. rank and file, Lieutenant Passegger in command, and a company of the Pennsylvania cavalry, nuder command of Captain iDewees, led the ad- vance in the pursuit. This force, about 10 a. in., and about 3 miles be- yond Strasburg, overtook the rebel force which had threatened my l)ickets, attacked and dispersed them, recapturing our men and captur- ing some 25 or 30 of the rebels and a corresponding number of horses. Captain Dewees, with a portion of his command, then returned with the prisoners in the direction of Strasburg, but the remainder of his com- mand and the detachment of New York cavalry, under Lieutenant Pas- segger, continued the pnrsnit of the rebels in the direction of Wood- stock, not on the regular pike, but by a road which turns to the right some 5 miles beyond Strasburg. I have no knowledge what occurred to these forces after leaving the regular pike, except that contained in the official report of Major Adams. The First Battalion Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Major Kerwin commanding, arrived at the place where the New York cavalry had left the pike, turning to the right, at the same time that Captain Dewees reached there with the prisoners. This officer, upon being informed of the dispersion of the rebel force, their pursuit by Lieutenant Passegger, and that the rebels would probably re-enter the pike at a point about 4 miles this side of Woodstock, pushed forward his command to inter- cept them at that place. He arrived there too late, the rebels having re-entered the pike about half a mile in advance of him, but, notwith- standing, he continued the pursuit to within 3 miles of Woodstock. He then commenced to retreat, but had not proceeded over a mile when he met the Second Battalion Thirteenth Pennsylvania, Major Byrne com- manding. When these two columns met, they halted, and the commanders con- sulted for some time as to the propriety of dashing into Woodstock, Major Kerwin opposing and Major Byrne advocating the proposed movement. While they were consulting, the two columns fronting each other, they were attacked by a force of rebel cavalry, estimated at from 300 to 400, fell into confusion, and commenced a disorderly and precip- itate retreat, which they continued until their arrival at Middletown and until the rebels desisted from the pursuit. It is due to Majors Kerwin and Byrne to state that they are by all accounts represented to have used every effort to restore order and discipline, and to have exhibited no lack of courage. I learned about 4.30 in the afternoon, from fugitives, of the disaster. I immediately ordered forward to the theater of action the First New York Cavalry, with directions to advance until they got in rear of our fugitives and in sight of the enemy, if the enemy were still pursuing. If the enemy were in formidable numbers, this regiment was instructed to fall back until it received the support of a regiment of infantry and a section of a battery, which I advanced simultaneously with it. The New York cavalry, Major Adams commanding, advanced until it gained the rear of our fugitives, and as far as 3 miles beyond Strasburg, when, observ- ing nothing of the enemy, iii pursuance of my orders it fell back, Page 30 [CHAP. XXXVH. 30 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. From the above statement it will be seen that the disaster occurred in coflsequence of a gross violation of orders, more censurable in this particular instance from the fact that the enemy was known to be en- camped in force between Woodstock and Edenburg. Considering the exigency of their position, the consultation (said to have occupied half an hour) which occurred between the majors in relation to a question not at all debatable, was ill-timed. They are blamable for having suf- fered their troops to have been attacked in such a position, the two battalions fronting each other. Below is the official account of the loss of the Thirteenth Pennsyl- vania Cavalry; that of the New York cavalry is given in the inclosed report of Major Adams. The loss of the Pennsylvania cavalry is nearly altogether in prison- ers, and occurred in consequence of the exhaustion of the horses. Major Adams, who passed over the whole theater of the retreat, re- ports seeing only 2 dead Union soldiers. Official report of loss of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry: Wounded. Missing. Commissioned officers 2 11 Non-commissioned officers and privates 7 177 I am, general, very truly and respectfully, yours, R. II. MJLROY, Brig. Gen. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier-General, Commanding. Commanding Defenses of the Upper Potomac. A DDE NDA. Major-General SCHENOK, WASHINGTON, B. C., March 13, 1863. Baltimore, Md.: GENERAL: I have just received General Milroys report of the affair of the 26th ultimo, in which he says that the capture of our troops re- sulted from gross violation of his orders. You will investigate this matter, and report for dismissal the officer or officers chargeable with this loss. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. W. HALLECK, General-in. Chief.. No. 2. Report of Maj. Alonze W. Adams, First New York Cavalry, of skirmish near ~trasburg. HEADQUARTERS FIRST NEW YORK CAVALRY, Winchester, Va., February 27, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following brief report of the part taken by a detachment of the First New York Cavalry in the action of yesterday: On the morning of the 26th, I received an order from you to send a. squadron of this regiment to report at headquarters for scouting duty. I immediately dispatched Lieutenants Passegger and Weiss, with Com- panies G and L, numbering 45, rank and file, Lieutenant Passegger in command Page 31 CuA1~. XXXVII.] SKIRMISHES NEAR WINCHESTER, VA., ETC. 31 In accordance with his orders, he proceeded on the Strasburg road to a point some 3 miles from Strasburg, where he found the enemys pickets, and, immediately charging on them, drove them back nearly 2 miles, to their reserve a force estimated at 150 to 200. This force im- mediately formed, and made an attempt to surround Lieutenant Pas- seggers command. Seeing this, and re-enforcements coming to aid the rebels, Lieutenant Passegger boldly charged them, and cut his way through to a road running nearly parallel with the Strasburg pike, known as the Cedar Creek road, killing and wounding many and re- capturing all of our men who had been taken l)risoners that morning while on picket. Having accomplished the object of the expedition, and seeing a vastly superior force forming on the hills beyond, he continued on down the Cedar Creek road, and by a circuitous route brought his men back to camp in good order, where he arrived at a late hour last night. Our loss was Lieutenant Weiss (probably taken prisoner), Sergeant [William] Emmet, and 10 men. At 5 p. m. I received an order from you to proceed with my avail- able force, on the Strasburg road, to the assistance of the Thirteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, who had been repulsed by a superior force of the enemy. Within fifteen minutes I was on the road with my command. Along the road for 3 miles from Winchester small parties of the Thirteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cav- alry were met coming into town in complete disorder. I halted and turned them back, and, upon meeting the major commanding, I ordered him to rally his men and fall in my rear as a support. He made a par- tially successful attempt to do so, and followed me 2 or 3 miles, but finally turned back, in direct violation of my orders, on the plea that he could not keep up with the First New York. I proceeded at a rapid pace up the pike, passing through Newtown, Middletown, and Strasburg, up the Woodstock road, beyond the scene of action, but not being able to overhaul the enemy, and being then near the main body of the rebel forces, I halted my command, where a few minutes after 1 received youj order to return at once to Winches- ter, which I did in good order, arriving in camp at an early hour this morning. The highest commendations are due Lieutenant Passegger for the ability and courage with which he engaged a far superior force and rescued the men taken from us in the morning. My whole command, both officers and men, behaved most admirably. I have the honor, general, to be, your obedient servant, A. W. ADAMS, Major, (Jomdg. First Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry. Brig. Gen. li. H. MILEGY, Commanding Division. No. 3. Report of Col. James A. Galligher, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of skirmishes near Strasburg. HDQRS. THIRTEENTH PEKNSYLVANIA CAVALRY Winchester, Va., February 27, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of yes- terdays action, according to your orders: The two battalions, under command of Majs. M. J. Byrne and M Page 32 32 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL Kerwin, started from Winchester as follows: The battalion under com- mand of Major Kerwin about 7.30 a. in., and the battalion under com- mand of Maj. M. J. Byrne about 9 a. m. We proceeded, according to your orders, as far as Strasburg, Va., without any interruption, where an orderly sergeant was in waiting, who reported that a battalion of the First New York Cavalry, and a company of the Thirteenth Penn. sylvania Cavalry, under command of Capt. Jacob H. Dewees had been attacked about 6 miles beyond Strasbnrg. We immediately went to their assistance, where we found, on our arrival at the place of the at- tack, that the rebels had fallen back along a by-road which struck the pike about 3 miles ahead. We moved up in order to intercept them, and found that we were too late, they having taken the turnpike and were about a mile ahead. We pursued but a short distance on account of the enemy being in force. We then fell back, and a running fight took place, which continued until we reached Strasburg, where we made a stand a little way this side of Strasburg, and then repulsed them. The exhausted condition of our horses rendered any pursuit unavailing. Our whole force being apprehensive that the rebels were sustained by infantry and artillery, which had assailed us beyond Strasburg, the retreat was kept up, holding the enemy in check at several points. The superior number of the enemy and the scattered condition of our forces rendered flirther attempt to drive them back ineffectual. We fought, while in a retreating condition, until we reached Middletown, where the enemy stopped. Respectfully submitted. JAMES A. GALLIGHER, (Jolonel, Commanding Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. Brig. Gen. JR. II. MILROY, Commanding ]Jliilroys Division. No. 4. Reports of Brig. Gen. W. B. Jones, C. ,sr. Army,* commanding Valley District. HEADQUARTERS VALLEY DISTRICT, Edenburg, Va., February 26, 1863. GENERAL: The First New York Cavalry and the ~Phirteenth Penn- sylvania Cavalry attacked my pickets this -morning and drove them into Woodstock. I fell on them with the Eleventh and the Seventh Virginia regiments of cavalry; cut them up badly. We have about 200 prison- ers, and killed and wounded many more. We carried them at a charge of full speed from 5 miles below Woodstock to Newtown. Lieutenant- Colonel [0. IR.1 Funsten and his regiment behaved with conspicuous gallantry. If you will exercise your influence in having him promoted to the vacant colonelcy of his regiment, in my opinion you will do jus- tice to the man and promote the public welfare. After a ride of 44 miles at rapid gait, to write you fully of our success to-day and other matters is a task to which I feel hardly adequate. I will write you fully to-morrow. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. E. JONES, Brigadier- General, Commanding. General JR. E. LEE, 6ommanding Army of Northern Virginia. ~ See General Orders, No. 29, Headquarters Army of Northern Virginia, February ~ e1863 in Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 33 CHAP. XXXVII.]. SKIRMISHES NEAR WINCHESTER, VA., ETC. 33 [Lndorsenaent.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, ]Jfarch 21, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the Department, in an- ticipation of a full report, and as an evidence of the merit of Lieutenant- Colonel Funsten and his regiment. H. E. LEE, General. LACEY SPRING, VA., March 27, 1863. GENERAL: Inclosed please find reports of Colonels iDulany and Fun- sten and Major Brown relative to the parts taken by their respective regiments in the affair of the 26th ultitno on the Valley pike, from Maury- town to Newtown. But for the participation of the Maryland troops, these, with my partial report already submitted, would suffice. Captain [F. A.] Bond, of Major Browns battalion of Maryland cavalry, on picket near Strasburg, learned from a returning scout that the picket of the enemy near Kernstown could be surprised and captured. On his own responsibility, and without warning to headquarters, he went and was successful. Five hundred hostile cavalry pursued him up the Valley, driving in my pickets, when Major Brown was near at hand with the remainder of his battalion going as a relief to the part that had been on duty. He sent me a courier, and followed with his command that part of the enemys force, pursuing the pickets up the back road. In the meantime the courier, passing the camp of the Maryland in- fantry, gave information, and Colonel [J. 11.] Herbert and his noble men, without waiting for orders, seized their arms and flew to the protection of our trains in quest of forage about Woodstock. Their conduct on this occasion is worthy of the highest praise. Major Brown, following np the enemy, fell in rear of the Eleventh and Seventh Regiments, which made the attack soon after the enemy returned from the back road to the pike. In his pursuit he captured 6 or 8 prisoners, making in all, including the picket taken in the morn- ing, from 15 to 20 prisoners. The promptness of the Eleventh and Seventh Regiments in moving to the scene of action, and the impetuosity of their attacks, are more fully set forth in the results than they could be in my words. The will- ingness of the men and the strength of the horses are a whole volume in praise of the sound judgment and untiring industry, during the past rigorous winter, of Colonels Funsten and IDulany, and on this occasion both gallantly led what they had so well prepared. To my personal staffLients. W. M. Hopkins, aide-de-camp, A. E. Richards and J. N. Jones, volunteer aides-de-camp~my thanks are especially due. They were conspicuous in the front of the fight, seizing and using on the enemy his own smallarms. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. E. JONES, Brigadier- General, Gommanding. Brig. Gen. R. H. CITILTON, Asst. Adjt. and In8p. Gem., Army of Northern Virqinia. 3 R RVOL XXV, PT Page 34 34 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVH. ADDENDA. Itinerary of Maryland troops commanded by Brig. Gen. W. F. Jones, C. S. Army,for February, 1863.* On the 14th and 16th, this command changed camp from the vicinity of New Market to within about 1 mile north of Edenburg; distance marched, about 17 miles. On the 23d, Companies A and ID [First Maryland Cavalry] were placed on picket near Strasburg. On the 25th, detachments of these companies, nnder command of Capt. F. A. Bond, made a dash into the enemys lines to within 1 mile of Winchester, charging and dispersing an infantry and capturing a cavalry picket of 7 men, besides killing and wounding several, and re- turning to their picket post about 8 oclock. On the morning of the 26th, the outposts were driven in by the enemy, who had pursued them from Winchester, and who then advanced up the turnpike as far as Maurytown, and to within 1 mile of Woodstock, by the back road. On being apprised of this movement, Companies B and C [First Maryland Cavalry] were ordered out, and the entire squad. ron pursued the enemy, on the back road, to Round Hill, where they took the turnpike and joined the other forces [Seventh and Eleventh Virginia Cavalry] in pursuit of the enemy to Middletown. The infan- try [First Maryland] and the battery [Baltimore Light Artillery] were also ordered under arms, and advanced a short distance beyond Wood- stock. On the 28th, the enemy again drove in our pickets, and Companies A and ID were immediately sent to the support of the other two compa- nies. The infantry and artillery again advanced beyond Woodstoek, but returned to camp at nightfall. No. 5. Report of Got. R. if. Dulany, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, of skirmishes near Strasburg and Middletown. CAMP MYERS, VA., illiarch 16, 1863. CAPTAIN: On returning to my camp from Edenburg, on February 26, I found my regiment had beeu ordered to mount and move down the Valley turnpike to meet the enemy, who were said to be near Wood- stock in considerable force and coming up the pike. Lieutenant-Col- onel [Thomas] Marshall had taken command, and had left, with 220 men, about fifteen or twenty minutes before I returned. I immediately started to overtake the regiment, and, after a gallop of 12 miles, reached the head of the column, 4 miles below Woodstock. Here I met a cou- rier from General Jones, ordering me to press forward, as he, with Col- onel Funsten, had attacked the enemy, routed him, and was driving him toward Strasburg. After a forced march of 19 miles, we came up with General Jones and Colonel Funsten at Strasburg, where the Elev- enth, or rather what remained of itthe larger portion of it having gone back with prisoners as they were capturedhad halted from sheer exhaustion. General Jones here ordered me to move forward rapidly, as the Yankees had halted and reformed on the hill beyond the town. When * From the monthly return Page 35 CHAP. XXXVII.] SKIRMISHES NEAR WINCHESTER, VA., ETC. 35 we reached the high ground beyond Strasburg, we found the enemy had retired, and again formed about 300 yards south of Cedar Creek. About 130 had crossed the creek, and, as near as I could estimate, about 250 had formed to meet us. As we came in sight of each other, they seemed to advance slowly toward us, but when we got within 200 yards, our sabers drawn, and the charge ordered, their hearts failed them, and, wheeling in beautiful order, they went at full speed to the bridge, crossed, and again formed to receive us. As but 2 men could cross the bridge abreast, they could easily have prevented our crossing with their long- range guns, as their position was very strong and higher than the bridge. Changing the direction of our column, we crossed the creek at the ford some 200 yards below the bridge. As soon as a portion of my command had crossed, the enemy again broke, not waiting for us to close with them. Having rested their horses some ten minutes, and the advantage of a start of a long and steep hill, we could not overtake them until near Middletown. The race now became truly exciting. It was a helter- skelter chase, the fastest horses in our column taking the lead. As we came up with the rear, not a man that I saw offered to surrender until driven back by the sabers of my men or shot. Some, finding we were overtaking them, slipped from their horses and sought refuge in the houses along the road, and many had thrown their pistols away when captured. We captured about 70 prisoners5 of them were too nearly dead to move or parole, and 2 others were left on the roadside, being broken down and unable to travel53 horses, and a large number of arms. At 1~- miles beyond Middletown I had reluctantly to order a halt, as by far the larger number of our horses were nearly, and many com- pletely, broken down, after a race of 26 miles. Respectfully, R. II. DULANY, Golonel & venth Virginia Gavairy. Capt. WALTER K. MARTIN, Assistant Adjutant. General. No. 6. Report of Lient. Col. 0. R. Funsten, JkJleventh Virginia Cavalry, of skirmishes near Woodstock and Strasburg. MARCH 20, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part which this regiment took in the alThir of the 26th ultimo, which I would have presented at an earlier day had you not witnessed it: About 11.45 on the morning of the 26th ultimo, I received a dis- patch from you, directing me to move my regiment at once toward Woodstock, where a body of the enemys cavalry was supposed to be, and which was distant about 6 miles from camp. A large portion of the regiment being on detached service, and without taking time to col- lect a number who had permission to visit in the immediate neighbor- hood of camp, 1 marched, in a few minutes after receiving the order, with 120 men. Coming up with you about 2 miles below Woodstock, you informed me that the enemy were a short distance in front, and that, although their force was vastly superior, I might venture an at- tack. The enemys position being ascertained by scouts, you directe Page 36 36 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXVII. me to charge. I accordingly gave the order, and most gallantly was it responded to. The enemy were just beginning to retire, ignorant of our proximity. Led by you, we dashed past their rear guard, who oc- cupied an eminence near the road, and charged the rear of the column. So sudden and impetuous was the attack that every attempt (of which there were several) made by their officers to rally and form a line was unavailing. We pressed them hotly, using both saber and revolver with good effect, to Cedar Creek Bridge, a distance of about 12 miles, where a part of theui made a stand. 1 halted the front of the column to close np preparatory to renewing the charge, my command being greatly reduced by the capture and guarding of prisoners, of whom the number already taken was greater than that with which I made the attack. At this juncture, Colonel iDulany, commanding the veteran Seventh Cavalry, came up, an(l, on the a(lvance being yielded to him, most gallantly charged the enemy and completed the victory. The enemys force consisted of parts of the First New York and Thir- teenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, numbering iii all about 500 men. Of these about 220 were killed, wounded, or captured. Most of their horses and equipments and all of their arms were taken. Of the officers captured, a Major [Martiim J.] Byrne, who was wounded, secure(l his parole by declaring himself a private, under the assumed name of Brown , Company K, Thirteenth Pennsylvania. The casualties in my regiment were 2 killed and 2 wounded. I cannot conclude this report without adding my high appreciation of the gallantry of both officers and men under my command. It is always a delicate point to discriminate among those who have (1011e their duty faithfully, but I cannot forbear to mention Captains [W. II.] Harness, [E. II.] McDonald, and [F. A.] Daingerfield as emi- nent for their gallantry. Respectfully submitted. 0. It. FUNSTEN, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanamng. General X,2\T E. JONES, Commanding Brigade. No. 7. Report of ]JIaj. R. Brown, First Battalion Maryland Cavalry, of skir mishes near Winchester and iS1trasburg. MAucn 27, 1863. CAPTAIN: 1 beg leave to make a brief statement of the participation of my command in the engagement with the enemy on February 27 [26] last. On the 24th, two companies of my command (Company A, Captain Bond, and Company D, Lieutenant [William H. B.] Dorsey) were sent on J)icket near Strasburo On the evening of the~~ 26th [25th], the men being anxious for some ex- citement, and having learned the exact position of the enemy~s pickets, they determined to attack them. They started about 10 p. in.; 40 men from Company A, 20 from Company ID, Lieutenant Dorsey; in all, 60 men, under Captain Bond. They arrived within 1~- miles of Winchester, on the Cedar Creek road, at day break, charged through an infantry J)ickCt, receiving only a few random shots. At the junction of th Page 37 CHAP. XXXVII.] APPAIR NEAR GERMANTOWN, VA. 37 Cedar Creek and Staunton roads they were met by a volley of musketry from a house, but it did not cheek them. They turned up the Staunton road toward home, riding down a third infantry picket. At Kerustown they found a cavalry picket of 15 men quietly warming themselves in a house. The house was instantly surrounded. They captured 7 men and 9 horses, and left several of the enemy dead or wounded in the house. They returned rapidly to Strasburg, bringing off their prisoners and captured horses with a loss of only 1 man missing. About 8 oclock the outer pickets were driven in so rapidly and by such superior force that they had only time to get off their prisoners and make a hasty re- treat up the back road, losing 1 man captured and 1 wounded. I had sent Company B, Captain [G. M.] Emack, and Company C, Lieutenant [T. J.] Smith, down that morning to relieve the companies on picket. They fell in with a party of Yankees on the turnpike; killed 1, captured 7, and 5 or 6 horses. Having heard that Captain Bond was being pursued on the back road, I immediately started to his support with what men I had in camp (about 30), and sent to the two companies that were on the turnpike to join me. I followed the Yankees rapidly on the back road, but only got in sight of them as I reached the turnpike, and found the Eleventh and Seventh Regiments ahead of me. I followed in pursuit, but had no further participation in the affair. We captured in all 14 prisoners, with a portion of their arms, and 14 horses, with equipments. Lost 1 man wounded and 2 missing. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. BROWN, Major, Commanding Maryland Cavalry. Capt. WALTER K. MARTIN, As8istant Adjutant- General. FEBRUARY 26, 1863.Affair near Germantown, Va. Report of Capt. John S. Mosby, Virginia Cavalry. FAUQUIER COUNTY, VA., February 28, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that at 4 oclock on the morning of the 26th instant I attacked and routed, on the Ox road, in Fairfax, about 2 miles from Germantown, a cavalry outpost, consisting of a lieu- tenant and 50 men. The enemys loss was 1 lieutenant and 3 men killed and 5 captured; number of wounded not known; also 39 horses, with all their accouterments, brought off. There were also 3 horses killed. I did not succeed in gainimig the rear of the post, as I expected, having been discovem~ed by a vedette when several hundred yards off, who fired and gave the alarm, which compelled me to charge them in front. In the terror and confusion occasioned by our terrific yells, the most of them saved themselves by taking refuge in a dense thicket, where the dark. ness effectually concealed them. There was also a reserve of 100 men half a mile off who might come to the rescue. Already encumbered with prisoners and horses, we were in no condition for fighting. I sus- tained no loss. The enemy made a small show of fight, but quickly yielded. They were in log-houses, with the chinking knocked out, and ought to have held it against a greatly superior force, as they all had carbines. My men behavhd very gallantly, although mostly raw recruits. I had only 27 men with me. I am still receiving additions to my numbers Page 38 38 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. If you would let me have some of the dismounted men of the First Cavalry, I would undertake to mount them. I desire some written in- structions from you with reference to exportation of products within the enemys lines. I wish the bearer of this to bring back some ammu- nition also some large-size envelopes and blank paroles. I have failed to mention the fact that the enemy pursued me as far as Middleburg without accomplishing anything. I am, most respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. S. MOSBY. Maj. Gen. J. E. B. STUART. FEBRUARY 2728, 1863.Scout from Centreville to Falmouth, Va. REPORTS. No. 1.Report of Col. Percy Wyndliam, First New Jersey Cavalry, commanding Cavalry Brigade. No. 2.Col. George Gray, Sixth Michigan Cavalry. Ko. 1. Report of Col. Percy Wyndham, First New Jersey Cavalry, commanding Cavalry Brigade. FAIRFAX CouRT.HousE, YA., March 3, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that, according to orders received from headquarters Department of Washington, I marched from Centreville at 6 a. in., February 27, having been detained the day previous await- ing the arrival of the Michigan cavalry and by the bridge over Bull Run being partially destroyed. The orders I received were to move toward Catletts and iRappahan- nock Stations, for the purpose ofiuterceptingthe enemy; but the flooded state of the streams obliged me to go around by Warrenton, where I met a small squad of the enemys cavalry, who dispersed after exchang- ing a few shots with my advance. From Warrenton I took the Post road toward Falmnouth, and en- camped for the night on the line of railway at Licking Creek, which was so high as to prevent our fording it. Shortly after halting at the above place, I noticed squads and vedettes of the~ enemy on the opposite side of the creek. On the morning of the 28th, the water having fallen, and having ob- tained information that there was a force of the enemy at Elk Run and Spottedville, I marched immediately in that direction. I learned on the road that the main force of the enemy had already crossed the Rappa- hannock, taking with them 100 prisoners. My forage having given out, the Michigan cavalry not having brought any with them, and being a short distance from Falmouth, I thought it advisable to go there to supply my command. I captured 7 prisoners, and, from all information gained, I learned that it had been the intention of Stuart of making a raid with a large force in the rear of the Army of the Potomac, but the river having been so high, only a portion of his command. between 600 and 800 men, crossed, under command of Fitzhugh Lee Page 39 CHAP. XXXVII.] SCOUT TO FALMOUTH, VA. 39 I arrived in Falmouth at 2 p. in., with my Command ~fl good Condition, having marched 80 miles in thirty-one hours. On the 1st of March I remained in Falmoath to allow my horses to recruit their strength. On the 2d of March I marched to Maple Valley, by way of Stafford Court-House. This morning I crossed the Occoquan, at Wolf Run Shoals, and arrived at this place at 1 p. m. At the request of Colonel Gray, I allowed the Michigan cavalry to continue its march to Washington. Had Stuart crossed the river, this movement would have been very successful, in conjunction with the cavalry of General Stoneman. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, P. WYNDHAM, Capt. C. H. POTTER, Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Department of Washington. No. 2. Report of Col. George Gray, AS1j~th ]Jiliiehigan Cavalry. MERIDIAN HILL, B. C., March 4, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report that on the morning of the 26th ultimo, in obedience to orders from your headquarters, dated Feb- ruary 25,1863,1 reported with six companies of this regiment to Col. R. Butler Prlce, at Fort Scott, where we were soon after joined by the Fifth Regiment Michigan Cavalry, under command of Colonel Norvell. I was there ordered by Colonel Price to take command of both regiments, and proceed to Fairfax Court-House, there to report to Col. Percy~ Wyndham. We left Colonel Prices headquarters a little before 9 a. in., and arrived at Fairfax Court-House at 3p. in., when Colonel Wyndham, by one of his aides, ordered us to proceed to Centreville, where we halted for the night. Next morning, about 7 oclock,with a detachment of the Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, we left Centreville by the Warrenton road, and, having crossed Bull Run, the command was formed into a column of squadrons, in mass, to the right of the road, and in that order awaited the arrival of detachments of the First Virginia and the Fifth New York Cavalry. On the arrival of the troops last mentioned, the Virginia, New York, and Pennsylvania cavalry were formed into one brigade, designated the First, the Fifth and Sixth Michigan Cavalry constituting another, and designated the Second Brigade. At 10 oclock the march was resumed, we being in the rear. We arrived at Warrenton about 3.30 in the afternoon, and rapidly left the town by the road leading to Falmouth and Fredericksburg, from which we deviated to our right, coining upon the Orange and Alexan- dria Railroad about 4 miles southeast of Warrenton Junction. We followed the course of this railroad to the southeast about 1 mile, where we camped for the night. Saturday, the 28th of February, at 6 oclock in the morning, the march was resumed the brigade of which I was in command being again or- dered to take the rear. We proceeded to Falmouth Station, where the head of the column arrived at about 2 p. m. Here we remained until Monday. During the march from Centreville to Falmouth Station, we made frequent deviations from the direct road. The distance thus marche Page 40 40 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. was said to be 96 miles. The time occupied was less than thirty hours, allowing for the halt at Bull Rim Friday morning, and including about twelve hours halt on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad Friday night. The road, after leaving Warrenton, was in the worst possible condi- tion. A very heavy snow, which had fallen previous to our march, was disappearing, saturating the ground. Frequent rains contributed to make the roads bad and the march laborious, notwithstanding which, the march from Warrenton to Falmouth Station was made with as great rapidity as over any other portioii of the route. On Saturday morning we marched 25 miles without any halt. Soon after our arrival at Falmouth Station, the command of the en- tire force was turned over to me temporarily by Colonel Wyndham, but not until he had arranged to supply the command with rations and for- age. On Sunday, I received a written communication from Colonel Wynd- ham, dated Headquarters Army of the Potomac, March 1, 1863, in- forming me that his resignation having been accepted, I was in com- mand of the force. At midnight, I received another note from Colonel Wyndham, stating that the order accepting his resignation was revoked, and that he resumed command, and ordering me to be in readiness to march at 6.30 next morning. This note was accompanied by an official copy of the order of Major-General Heintzelman, revoking the accept- ance of Colonel Wyndhams resignation. On Monday morning, about 7.30, the march was resumed, under command of Colonel Wyndham, we again in the rear. We proceeded - to Stafford Court-House, and there halted and fed our horses. Thence we marched by a circuitous route to a point about 4 miles south of Wolf Run Shoals, where we encamped. The route traveled this day was ex- ceedingly bad and difficult, and in many places for miles together almost impassable. Next morning we marched leisurely to Fairfax Court-base, where Colonel Wyndham remained, and the First Brigade left us. After a halt of somewhat more than three hours, we (the Fifth and Sixth Michi- gan Cavalry) resumed the march for Washington, crossing Long Bridge about 9 oclock in the evening, where the command separated for their respective camps. I regret to have further to report that, in consequenceof the extra- ordinary condition of the roads and the rapidity of the march from Bull Run to the camp near the Wolf Run Shoals, the brigade has sus- tained great loss. iNot only were many of the men and horses compelled to be left behind, to come up when they hereafter can, but also many horses were left dead by the way. it will be many days before large numbers of the horses which reached camp cau be used, and several, I fear, are rendered wholly unfit for future service. Not having any knowledge of the object of the expedition, I am, of course, unable to say whether or not it was accomplished. We did not see the enemy, and our march from his supposed direc- tion was generally at least as rapid as toward him. A few stragglers were captured, and some horses taken, but what disposition was made of either I have not learned. Your obedient servant, GEO. GRAY, Colonel Sixth Michigan Cavalry. Lieut. R. BAYLIS, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Copelands Cavalry Brigade Page 41 ChAP. XXXVTiJ SkIRMISH NEAR ALDIE, VA. MARCH 2, 1863.Skirmish near Aldie, Va. Reports of Lieut. CoL Robert Johnstone, Fifth New York Cavalry, com manding Cavalry Brigade. FAIRFAX COuRT-HousE. March 2, 1863. Siu: Fifty men of the First Vermont Cavalry, from Companies II and M, nnder Captains iluntoon and Woodward, were surprised in Al- die while feeding their horses by about 70 of the enemy. Both captains captured and about 15 men. They saw no enemy but the attacking party. Major Gilmer has returned with the scouting party that left last night. They were to Middleburg, and saw but 1 rebel. I have anticipated the report of Lieutenant-Colonel Krepps, now in command, which will be forwarded in probably one hour. ROBT. JOIINSTOXE, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. Capt. C. II. POTTER, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE, Fairfax Court-House, Va., March 3, 1863. SIR: * ~ * By order of Col. iR. B. Price, I directed, on the night of the 1st instant, a reconnaissance to go in direction of Aldie. The officer who commanded this reconnaissance was Maj. Joseph Gilmer, of the Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. He had 200 men. The orders to him were to proceed carefulJy, and send back couriers through the night with information whether they saw any enemy or not. This last order was disobeyed. They were not to cross Cub IRan until daylight, and then try and gain all information possible by flankers and small detached scouting parties. Major 0-iliner went to Middleburg, and, while returning, the vedettes of the First Vermont Cavalry noticed a part of his advance, and pre- pared to skirmish. The advance fell back toward Aldie. Major Gilmer, instead of throwing out a party to reconnoiter, turned off with nearly the whole of his command in the direction of Groveton, to gain Centre- ville. The horses returned, exhausted from being run at full speed for miles. A few of Major Gilmers men left his command, and went aloti g the Little River turnpike toward the Vermont detachment.~ hey re- ported that the men seen were a part of a scouting party u i~ Major Gilmer, and that no enemy were in Aldie. Captain lluntoo hen en- tered the town, and halted to have the horses fed near a mill. Immedi- ately beyond was a rising ground, which hid the guerrillas. While the horses were unbridled and feeding, the surprise occurred. As both the officers have been captured, and as the detachment was not under my command and is not attached to this brigade, I have no means of re- ceiving any official or exact Teport from them, nor is there any one belonging to that detachment here. All men belonging to this detach- ment seem to have fought well; the enemy did not pursue them; they fell back in good order. Major Gilmer, when he returned, was unable to make a report to Lieu- 4 Page 42 42 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ECHAP. XXXVIL tenant-Colonel [John S.] Krepps, who, during the time I was confined from sickness, had charge of the camp. I ordered Major Gilmer under arrest early this morning, and have sent to Col. 11. B. Price charges, of which the annexed is a copy.* Major Gilmer lost but 1 man, belonging to the Fifth New York Cav- alry, who was mortally wounded by the enemy and afterward robbed. He was away from the command and on this side of Aldie, his horse having given out. The enemy seem to have been concealed along the line of march, and murdered this man, when returning, without provo- cation. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, ROBT. JOHNSTONE, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. Capt. C. H. PoTTun, A88istant Adjutant- General. MARCH 4, 1863.Skirmish at Independent Hill, Prince William County, Va. Report of Col. William R. (ireighton, 8eventh Ohio Infantry, command ing brigade and post. DuMFEJES, VA., March 5, 1863. COLONEL: There was a sharp skirmish occurred last night with the Eighth New York Cavalry, on picket at Independent Hill, about 8 or 9 miles from this place, with a loss of 15 men captured, 1 wounded, and 2 killed. This has just been reported to ns by our scout. The commanding officer did not report to us at all. There should be some order to let us know when these things occur, in order that we may know what we are doing. I wish you would call the attention of General Slocum to this. There is no unison of action at all in regard to this. Another thing, our scout, who is an enlisted man, who has been under the charge of General Sigel, but since we have been here has rendered very efficient service to us, is now ordered to his company. He can be of ten times more service in his present position than going to his company. His name is James Clifford, Company E, Ninth New York Cavalry. If the general could get hi etailed for service with ns, he could be invaluable to us here, and a ~ward to the corps and the service. Heav~r firing was heard this morning in the direction of Gainesville. We could not define what it was, but think it was a skirmish with some of the forces from Centreville. W. H. CHEIGHTON, Colonel, Commanding Brigade and Post. Lient. Col. H. C. ROGERS, Assistant Adjutant- General: (Sent to Brig. Gen. Seth Williams, for information of the commanding general.) lie was dismissed July 23, 1863 Page 43 CHAP. XXXVII.] AFFAIR AT FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE, VA. 43 MARCH 9,1863.Affair at Fairfax Court-House, Va. T~IEPORTS. No. 1.Lient. Lawrence L. OConnor, Provost-Marshal. No. 2.Capt. William H. Hill, Assistant Adjutant-General, U. S. Army. No. 3.Brig. Gen. Fitzhugli Lee, C. S. Army. iNo. 1. 1~eport of Licut. Lawrcucc L. OGonnor, Eronost~Mar~ka~. PROVOST-MARSHALS OFFICE, Fairfax Court-House, Va., March 9, 18633~3O a. ni. Captain Mosby, with his command, entered this town this morning at 2 a. m. They captured my patrols, horses, & c. They took Brigadier- General Stoughton and horses, and all his men detached from his brigade. They took every horse that could be found, public aiid private, and the commanding officer of the post, Colonel Johnstone, of the Fifth New York Cavalry, made his escape from them in a nude state by accident. They searched for me in every direction, but being on the Yienna road, visiting outposts, I made my escape. L. L. OCONNOR, Lieutenant, Provost-Marshal. P. 5.All our available cavalry forces are in pursuit of them. Maj. L. HUNT, Asst. Adjt. Gen., General Heintzelmans Headquarters. No. 2. Report of Capt. William H. Hill, Assistant Adjutant- General, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS SECOND BRIGADE, CASEYS DIVISION, Fairfax Station, Va., March 9, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that this morning about 3 a. m. a squadron of Stuarts cavalry entered this place. As far as I can learn, they captured all our guards and vedettes along the road, and surrounded these headquarters, where they captured Brig. Gen. E. H. Stoughton, as well as some of his servants. Five mounted orderlies, detailed here, were also captured, together with all horses, both public and private. The report is that they came into our lines with the countersign, so that no obstruction was offered to their entrance. The officer commanding the party first went to the telegraph office, and captured the operator, and afterward the general. One of his aides was also captured, but escaped. They left about 4 oclock, taking all the prisoners with them. Lieutenant-Colonel Johnstone, commanding Cavalry Brigade, is in pursuit, but no report of his success in coming up with the enemy has yet been received. I have the honor to be, captain, very respectfully, your obedient ser- vant, WM. H. HILL, Captain and Assistant Adjutant- General. Capt. R N. SCOTT, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 44 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. No. 3. Report of Brig. Gen. Iiitzhugh Lee, 0. ~. Arrny.* CULPEPER, VA., March 10, 1863. Captain Mosby has just returned from a scout, having captured Brig- adier-General Stoughton, 1 captain, and 30 privates. He entered Fair- fax Court-House and took them from their bedsGeneral Stougliton, and the adjutant-general to Percy Wyndhanii, who was sleeping in Wyndhams bed. Wyndham is in Washington. FITZ. LEE, Brigadier- General. General S. COOPER. MARCH 1216, 1863.Scout from Camp Piatt through Boone, Wyoming, and Logan Counties, W. Va. Report of Maj. John McMahan, Second West Virginia Cavalry. CAMP PIATT, W. VA., March 17, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to make the following report of the result of my recent trip through Boone, Wyoming, and Logan Counties: Left Camp Piatt with 140 men on the night of the 12th instant, crossed Kanawba River, and made as far as Thompsons, at the mouth of Spruce Fork of Little Coal, 16 miles. On the 13th, traveled 30 miles to Ganos, on Pond Fork of Little Coal. On the 14th, marched to Wyoming Court-House, a distance of 17 miles, arriving there at 12 in., meeting no rebels and hearing nothing from them. Crossed over the mountains, down Huffs Creek to Guyandotte River a distance of 16 miles, and halted for the night. I sent Captain Davidson, of Company E, with 25 men, up Gnyandotte River, to ascer- tain if the report was true that 13 rebels were encamped at the house of a Mr. Christian, 6 miles above. On the way up, he discovered 8 rebels (mounted) on the opposite side of the river; passed them without being noticed; forded the river and got in their rear, and succeeded in capturing 5 horses and equipments, 1 lieutenant and 3 Privates; 4 others took to the mountains, and escaped in the darkness. Their saddle-bags contained some 400 rounds of am- munition, which, with their guns, were turned over to the home guards who accompanied the expedition. One little negro, belonging to the lieutenant, was bronght into camp. Quite a number of Floyds 01(1 command, living in these counties, are making their way home, singly and in squads, all armed and equipped for bushwhacking, & c. On the 15th, marched up Buffalo Creek on the mountains on to Pond Creek; thence to camp on the 16th, with the loss of but one horse, abandoned from fatigue. Yours, respectfully, JOHN MOMAHAN, Col. JOHN C. PAXTON. ]Jfajor Second West Virginia Cavalry. See Mosby to Stuart, March 16, ill Correspondence, etc., Part 11. 4 Page 45 CHAr. XXXVII.] AFFAIR NEAR DUMPRIES, VA. 45 MARCH 15, 1863.Scout from Harpers Ferry to Leesburg, Va. Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin S. Roberts, U. S. Army, commanding Defenses of the Upper Potomac. HARPERS FERRY, VA., March 18, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to inform the general commanding that in the snow-storm of Sunday I detached 200 of the Fourteenth Pennsyl- vania Cavalry at 10 at night for the surprise of Leesburg and the cap- ture of bushwhackers who have recently ambuscaded and fired upon pickets, and by surprise of a few men captured and wounded, as is sup. posed, mortally 1. Colonel [James N.] Schoonmaker commanded the party, and at 4 in the morning had reached and surrounded the town; he found no Confederates in or about it. On returning, he captured 5 bushwhackers, of Whites band, as they allege. One of the five was riding the -home of one of the two pickets captured a week since by being drawn into a dwelling away from their post to eat supper. He also burned the house where this act of treason was committed. The prisoner sent to-day, showing a paper purporting to be a leave of absence of eight days from his command, to visit Londoun County to procure a servant and to recruit, as well as the 4 sent yesterday by my provost-marshal, should not be treated as prisoners of war. They are bnshwhackers and outlaws in every sense of the word. I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. S. IROBERTS, Brigadier- General, Gommanding.. Col. W. II. CHESEBROUGIL, Assistant Adjutant- General, Baltimore, Mid. MARCH 15, 1863.Affair near Dumfries, Va. RISLPORTS. No. 1.Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division. No. 2.Capt. John M. Southworth, Eighth Illinois Cavalry. No. 1. Report of Brig. Gen. A ~fred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cav alry Division. HDQRS. FIRST CAVALRY Div., ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 16, 1863. The patrol of the Eighth Illinois was captured at night between Dum- fries and Occoquan. Lieutenant-Colonel Clendenin had written orders not to send a less number than a 1)latoolI on this patrol. He will be arrested and charges preferred accordingly. It is recommended that the rebel partisans and bushwhackers be cleared out from the vicinity of Occoquan and Brentsville by a com- mand from this division. One brigade and a couple of guns would be sufficient. It is reported the enemy have one or two guns at Brents * ville. [A. PLEASONION.] Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 46 46 N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVH. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAO, March 26, 1863. Respectfully returned. If there are any of the male portion of the community operating as bushwhackers or guerrillas against our troops, and the facts can be proven, let them be arrested and brought in. The commanding general cannot understand why our cavalry cannot operate where the enemy~s cavalry prove so active. These papers to be returned. By command of Major.General Hooker: S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 2. Report of Capt. John M. ASouthworth, Eighth Illinois Cavalry. HDQRS. CAVALRY CORPS, ARMY OF THE PoToMAc, March 17, 1863. GENERAL: Inclosetl herewith please find report from General Pleas- onton in regard to the capture of a patrol; also telegram from Captain Southworth in regard to the same affair. These annoyances will con- tinue until some stringent measures are taken to clear that section of country of every male inhabitant, either by shooting, hanging, banish- ment, or incarceration. I had a party organized some time ago to do thi~, but the commanding general did not at that time think it advis- able to send it out. A great portion of the country is of such a nature that it is impossible for cavalry to operate in it, and to perform the duty properly will require the co-operation of an infantry force. The country is infested by a set of bushwhacking thieves and smugglers who should be eradicated, root and branch. Respectfully submitted. GEORGE STOKEMAN, Brigadier- General, Commanding Corps. General S. WILLIAMS, Assistant A4~jutant- General. [Inclosure.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Dumfries, Va., March 16, 186312 m. Brigadier-General STONEMAN, Commanding Cavalry Corps: GENERAL: I have the honor to report to you that the patrol sent to look for the patrol sent from here at 4 p. m. yesterday have returned, and report that the patrol left Occoquan Village to return at 8 p. m. last evening, and at daylight this morning they found tracks and marks in the road about 34 miles from here, which indicated capture by a party of 20 or 25 men on foot, lying in a marsh on both sides of a deep ravine through which they had to pass. Three sabers were found in the woods near by, which would indicate that the men tried to escape on foot. The captured party consisted of a corporal and 6 men. I am, sir, your obedient servant, J. M. SOUTH WORTH, Captain Company .11, Eighth illinois Cavalry Page 47 Cws~r. XXXVII.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLYS FORD, VA. 47 MARCH 17, 1863.Engagement at Kellys Ford (Kellysville), Va. REPORTS.* No. 1.Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. No. 2.Report of Lieut. George Browne, jr., Sixth New York Battery. No. 3.Report of Col. John B. McIntosh, Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, commanding Second Brigade. No. 4.Report of Col. J. Irvin Gregg, Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. No. 5.Report of Maj. Gen. James B. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division, Army of Northern Virginia, with orders. No. 6.Brig. Gen. Fitz. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade, with orders. No. 1. Report of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. ~. Army, commanding & c ond Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION, March 20, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that, pursuant to instructions received from you, I left the main body of this army on the 16th in- stant, for the purpose of crossing the iRappahannock River and attack- in g the cavalry forces of the enemy, reported to be in the vicinity of C~lpeper Court-House, nuder the command of General Fitzhugh Lee. My orders were to attack and rout or destroy him. To execute these orders, I was directed to take a force of 3,000 cavalry and six pieces of artillery. Accompanying the orders were several reports containing information of the operations of rebel cavalry north of the river, in the vicinity of Brentsville, the force of which was reported from 250 to 1,000, with at least one piece of artillery, and I was directed to take every precaution to insure the success of my expedition. As a pre- cautionary measure, I requested that a regiment of cavalry be sent to Catletts Station, which is the key-point to the middle fords of the liappahannock, to throw out from thence pickets in the direction of Warrenton, Greenwich, and Bxentsville. My request was not granted, and I was obliged to detach about 900 men from my force to guard the fords and look out for the force alluded to in the information. The battery ordered from near Aquia Creek made a march of 32 miles on the 16th, and joined my command at Morrisville at 11 oclock that night, with horses in poor condition for the expedition. Small parties of my cavalry had been sent, two to four hours in advance, on all the roads and to the fords, to mask the approach of my main body from the enemys scouts. On the night of the 16th, the fires of a camp of the enemy were seen from Mount holly Church by my scouts, between Ellis and Kellys Fords, and the drums, beating retreat and tattoo were heard from their camps near Itappahannock Station. Rebel cavalry appeared in front of my pickets on the roads leading west during the evening of the 16th. Lieutenant-Colonel Curtis, First Massachusetts Cavalry, was left at Morrisville to take charge of all my cavalry pickets north of the Rap- See Stanton to Hooker, March 19, in Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 48 48 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. pahannock, who directed Lieutenant-Colonel iDoster, Fourth Pennsyl- vania Cavalry, with 290 men, to start from Mount Holly Church at 4 a. m. on the 17th instant, and drive the enemys pickets toward Rappa- hannock Station; to go thence to Bealeton, and, finally, to station himself at Morgansburg and communicate with a picket which would be established at Elk Run and with Curtis force at Morrisville. These orders were executed, and the enemy driven out of that section. At 4 a. m. I set out from Morrisville with a command of about 2,100 men, made up as follows: From the First Brigade, Second Division, Colo- nel IDuffie, 775; from the Second Brigade, Second Division, Colonel McIntosh, 565; from the Reserve Brigade, Captain Reno, 760, and the Sixth Jndependent New York Battery, Lieutenant Browne command- ing. Kellys Ford was selected for the crossing; because the opposite country was better known to me than that beyond any other ford, and it afforded the shortest route to the enemys camp. The head of my column arrived at the ford at 8 a. m. The crossing was found obstructed by fallen trees banks, which, defended by 80 forming an abatis upon both sharpshooters, covered by rifle-pits and houses on the opposite bank, rendered the crossing difficult. Two squadrons were dismounted and advanced under shelter of an empty mill-race or canal, which runs near the bank of the river, whence a a brisk fire was at once opened, under which an attempt was made to cross by the advance, which failed. Two subsequent attempts of the pioneers met with the same fate. During this time a crossing was at- tempted one-fourth of a mile below, but it was found impracticable, owing to the depth of the stream and the precipitous character of the banks. After half an hour had passed in endeavors to cross, my chief of staff Maj. S. E. Chamberlain, who had immediate charge of the opera- tions at the crossing, selected a party of 20 men, and placed them under the command of Lieutenant Brown, First Rhode Island Cavalry, with orders to cross the river and not return. Lieutenant Brown obeyed his orders; the abatis was passed, and 25 of the enemy were captured. Two pieces of the battery had been unlimbered,. but I hesitated to open them until all other means should fail, as I did not care to give the enemy sufficient warning of my advance to bring him to attack me while astride the stream. The First Brigade -was immediately crossed and placed in position, followed by two pieces; then the Second Brigade, the remainder of the battery, and the reserve. The stream has- a very rapid current at the ford, and was about 4 feet 5 inches deep. The ammunition was taken out of the limbers and carried over iu nose-bags by the cavalry. The crossing was not effected without Joss. My chief of staff, Major Chamberlain, fell with a dangerous wound in the head; Lieutenant [John I~.] Domingo, Fourth New York Cavalry, was seriously wounded, and Lieutenant [Henry U Nicolal, First Rhode Island Cavalry, killed; 2 men killed, and 5 wounded; 15 horses killed aud wounded. My command was drawn up so as to meet the enemy in every direc- tion as fast as it crossed, and pickets pushed out on the roads running from the ford. From what I had learned of Lees position, and from what I knew personally of his character, I expected him to meet me on the road to his camp, and I could not object to such a proceeding, as it would not make it necessary for me to march so far to a fight. My horses would be fresher and the chances of battle be more nearly equalized. TIme horses of my command were watered by squadrons, and at 12 m. I moved on, with the First Brigade in advance. Looking towar Page 49 CHAP. XXXVII.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLYS FORD, VA. 49 the west from the ford, one sees half a mile in advance a skirt of woods on higher ground, around the right of which may be seen an open field. It is abont one-fourth of a mile through the woo(ls. When the head of my column reached the westeru edge of this timber, the enemy were discovered rapidly advancing in line with skirmishers in front. I immediately ordered the Fourth New York to the right, to form front into line and advance to the edge of the woods and use carbines; the Fourth Pennsylvania to the left, with the same orders, and a section of artillery to the front to open fire. Sent to liclntosh to form line of battle on the right of the woods; Ileno to send three squadrons to act as a reserve to the right, and one squadron up the road to support the center, and one section to the right with McIntosh. The Fourth Pennsylvania and Fourth New York, I regret to say, did not come up to the mark at first, and it reqnired some personal exer- tions on the part of myself and staff to brino them under the enemy~s fire, which was now sweeping the woods. They soon regained their firmness, and opened with effect with their carbines. At this moment I observed two or three columns of the enemy moving at a trot toward my right. I immediately went to the threatened point, and found that it was a question which should obtain possession of a hou~ and out- buildings situated there. McIntosh soon decided it by establishing some dismounted men of the Sixteenth thereabouts, and the section of artillery soon opened with splendid effect. The right was then ad- yanced into the open field beyond the house, and the enemys left at- tacked by McIntosh and Gregg. Duffi6 in the meantime had formed the First Rhode Island, Fourth Pennsylvania, and Sixth Ohio in front of the left, and the enemy were advancing to charge him. Perceiving his want of support, I called to Reno for three squadrons, and we went to the left at a gallop, while Duffid advanced in splendid order and charged the enemy. The gallantry of Duf~ had, perhaps, made him forget to leave any portion of his command as a support, ex- cepting the Fourth New York. Two sqnadrons of the Fifth United States rushed across the field, while Mcintosh came in on the left flank of a fresh rebel column, and the enemy were torn to pieces and driven from the field in magnificent style. Had it been possible to reach the enemys flank when Duffid charged with the Fifth United States, or Third Pennsylvania, 300 to 500 prisoners might have been captured, but the distance was too great for the time, the ground was very heavy, and the charge was made three minutes too soon, and without any pre- arranged support. A little reorganization was requisite before advancing farther. It was necessary to form my line again and get stragglers from the Fourth New York and other regiments out of the woods behind, to assemble the sections of the battery, bring up the reserve, and give orders with re- gard to the wounded and prisoners. These duties os~cupied me half an - hour or more. In advancing from the field we had won, I found the ground impracticable on the left of the road, by reason of its marshy condition. My left was, therefore, rested on the road, and the advance given to a squadron of the Fifth under Lieutenant Sweatman. After advancing in line of battle threequarters of a mile, driving the enemy before us through the woods, with the artillery supported by a column upon the road, we found ourselves through the woods and in the face of the enemy, drawn up in line of battle on both sides of the road half a mile in front. It became necessary to extend my line to the left as soon as possible. The enemy opened two field-pieces upon the road with precision, and 4 R RYOL XXV, PT Page 50 !~ YA., W. YA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXY1L advanced upon both flanks with great steadiness. They were at once repulsed on the right. The squadrons to form the left were shifted from the right of the road nuder a terrific fire of shot, shell, and small- arms, and the enemy in superior numbers bore down oii my left flank, arriving within 400 yards of the battery while it was unlimbering. Lieu- tenant Browne, commanding the battery, assisted by my aide, Lieuten- ant IRumsey, soon got two or three pieces playing upon them with dam- aging effect, and a general cavalry fight ensued on the left. We never lost a foot of ground, but kept steadily advancing until we arrived at a stubble-field, which the enemy set on fire to the wiiidward, to burn us out. My meu rushed forward, and beat it out with their overcoats. here the enemy ol)ened three pieces, two 10-pounder Parrotts and one 6-pounder gun from the side of the hill directly in front of my left. No horses could be discovered about these guns, and from the manner in which they were served it was evident that they were covered by earth. works. It was also obvious that our artillery could not hurt them. Our ammunition was of miserable quality and nearly exhausted. There were 18 shells in one section that would not fit the pieces, the fuses were unreliable, 5-second fuses would explode in two seconds, and many would not explode at all. Theirs, on the contrary, was exceed- ingly anno~jng. Firing at a single company or squadron in line, they would knock a man out of ranks very frequently. As soon as the en- pmys heavy guns were opened, his cavalry advanced again on my right, strongly re-enforced. They were repulsed with severe loss by Walker, of the Fifth, and McIntosh. McIntosh and Gregg pushed on to their left flank until they came to the rifle-pits, which could not easily be turned. Their skirmishers again threatened my left, and it was reported to me that infantry had been seen at a distance to my right, moving toward my rear, and the cars could be heard running en the road in rear of the enemy, probably bringing re-enforcements. It was 5.30 p. ni., and it was necessary to advance my cavalry upon their iutrenched l)oSitions, to make a direct and desperate attack, or to withdraw across the river. Either operation would be attended with imminent hazard. My horses were very much exhausted. We had been successful thus far. I deemed it proper to withdraw. The reserve was advanced in front and deployed to mask the battery, which was withdrawn, and the regiments retired in succession until the ford was reached and crossed without the loss of a man in the operation. The country in which these operations were conducted is level and open, and had the ground been firm would have been eminently fitted for a cavalry fight. The l)rincipal result achieved by this expedition has been that our cavalry has been brought to feel their superiority in battle they have learned the value of discipline and the use of their arms. At the first view, I must confes~s that two regiments wavered, but they did not lose their senses, and a few energetic remarks brought them to a sense of their duty. After that the feeling became stronger throughout the day that it was our fight, and the maneuvers were performed with a pre- cision which the encmy did not fail to observe. The enemys first attack was vigorous and fierce, and it took about an hour to convince him on the first field that it was necessary for him to abandon it. Between his first grand advance and his final effort there were several small charges and counter-charges which filled up the time. I ought to mention that in front of the first wood there is a deep, broad ditch, along which runs a heavy stone wall, which served as a b Page 51 CHAP. XXXVII. ENGAGEMENT AT KELLYS FORD, VA. 5 Page 52 52 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. cover for my carbineers, but which was impassable for cavalry except around the right flank and where it was broken down in the center, and this impeded my operations somewhat. In the second field the enemys cavalry force was superior to mine, but it was constantly repulsed, and when I withdrew my command it was with unabated confidence in our strength as against cavalry. I hoped thaf they would advance, but they made no demonstration worthy of notice, even while I was withdrawing my command. The officers and men of the battery performed their arduous duties with alacrity. Whatever of success may have attended this expedition, I am greatly indebted to the vigorous and untiring efforts of my staff, Maj. S. E. Chamberlain, First Massachnsetts; Captains [Philip] Pollard and [Al- exander] Moore, of General Hookers staff; and Lieutenants [Charles F.] Trowbridge and [William] iRumsey; but to those officers and men of the command who exhibited the unflinching courage which attends a settled purpose, my thanks are especially due. For distinguished gallantry I beg leave to call your attention to the names of Maj. S. E. Chamber- lain, my chief of staff, and Second Lient. Simeon A. Brown, First Rhode Island Cavalry, who first reached the opposite bank. Colonel iDuffi6 was conspicuous for his gallantry; his horse was shot under him. Col- onel McIntosh, who had been left ill in camp, joined me at 1 a. in., at Morrisville, and showed during the day that he possessed the highest qualities of a brigade coimnander. Captain Reno, whose horse was wounded under him, handled his men gallantly and steadily. Lieu- tenant Walker, of the Fifth, by his readiness and resolution, did much to repulse the enemy on our left in the second field, when the battery was threatened. To avoid repetition, I would respectfully call your attention to the names of the killed and wounded, officers and men, in the inclosed list,* as deserving of especial notice for distinguished gallantry. Several others had their horses shot under them, and nearly all performed their duty in a manner which cannot be surpassed for coolness and daring. I inclose list of casualties, of which the aggregate killed, wounded, and missing is 80.t Of the enemy, his force was reported by the prisoners first taken as five regiments, commanded by Brig. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee. Subsequently prisoners reported that he had been re-enforced, and that Major General Stuart was present. His equipments were inferior, but his horses good. Many of his sabers were manufactured in Richmond. From all the sources, I can estimate the enemy must have left 2 officers and 68 men killed and seriously wounded on the field. If twice as many slightly wounded escaped, his loss in killed and wounded must have been over 200, and his loss in horses must be certainly as great as that of men. I think the above may be an overestimate, but it is made by combining carefully the reports of officers who were in different parts of the field, and who report from observation. The enemys loss in prisoners was 47; 15 in ore are reported, but as yet I am unable to account for them. I inclose a list of paroled prisoners, who are included in the 47,* I inclose also tabular statements of losses of my command and of the en- einy.* I am compelled to believe that the reports of some officers respecting their losses have been carelessly made out, and that they may have been guided in their statement of numbers by the amounts for which they are accountable. Omitted. t But see revised statement, p. 53 Page 53 CHAP. XXXVII.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLY S FORI), VA. 53 I believe it is the universal desire of the officers and men of my division to meet the enemy again as soon as possible. I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. W. AVERELL, Brigadier- General of Volunteers, Commanding. Maj. Gen. D. BUTTERFIELD, Chief of Staff, Army of the Potomac. A DDBNDA. Return of Casualties iu the Union forces engaged at Kellys Ford, Va., March 17, 1863. [Compiled from nominal lists of casualties, returns, & c.] Killed. Command. II 0 Wounded. S a .5 0 Captured or missing. 0 S a a be be SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION. Brig. Gexe. WILLIAM W. AVERELL. Staff 1 First Brigade. Col. ALFRED N. DuFEni. Staff. 4th New York 6th Ohio 1st Rhode Island Total Seeend Brigade. Col. JOHN B. MCINTOSH. 3d Pennsylvania 4th Pennsylvania - . . 16th Pennsylvania Total Reserve Brigade. Capt. MARCUS A. RENO. 1st U. S. Cavalry 5th U. S. Cavalry 1. 1 1 2 1 4 2 5 1 8 1 2 4 17 2 16 42 1 2 8 24 2 18 55 1 1 2 .... 2 4 6 1 1 1 6 9 1 4 1 1. 4 1 Total 2 8 Artillery. New York Light, 6th Battery 1 Total Second Division 1 5 12 18 2 6 6 2 12 1 OFFICERS KILLEDLiCUt. Henry L. Nicolal, First Rhode Island Cavalry. MORTALLY WOUNDRD.Lieuts. Nathaniel Bowditch, First Massachusetts Cavalry, and John P. Domingo, Fourth New York Cavalry Page 54 54 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXX VII. No. 2. Report of Lieut. George Browne, Jr., Sixth New York Battery. CAMP OF FIRST BRIGADE, iloRSE BATTERIES, Near Aquia Greek, Va., March 19, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I beg to submit the following report of the participa- tion of my battery in the recent expeditionary movement commanded by Brigadier-General Averell: Pursuant to orders from headquarters Cavalry Corps, dated March 15, 1863, my battery took up its march from camp near Aquia Creek at daybreak on the morning of the 16th instant, but owing to the fact of the guide having mistaken the road, I did not reach llartwood Church until 4p. m. Upon my arrival there, I reported to Colonel Curtis, and received an escort to Morrisville, which place Ii reached at 11 p. m. We halted, fed the horses, and moved forward with the column at 4.30 a. m. of the 17th instant, arriving at Kellys Ford at about 6.30 a. m Upon arriving at the ford, skirmishing commenced between the cav- alry pickets of the enemy and our advance. The enemy here making a very stubborn resistance to our crossing, I was ordered to advance one piece into position, with a view to cover the axmen who were em- ployed in removing the obstructions to the ford, which being accom- plished, our cavalry advanced to the ford. After one or two attempts, a crossing was effected and the enemy driven in all directions, some 30 prisoners being taken, together with horses and equipments. At this time I brought one more piece into position, to cover the crossing of the main column, which, being effected, my battery went for- ward, piece by piece, over the ford, one squadron of cavalry carrying over the ammunition by hand, which was necessitated by the depth of the water. We then moved forward, and our advance came up with the enemy about half a mile from the ford At this time my right section was ordered forward, and, after advanc- ing a short distance, the cavalry became engaged with the enemy, who were in force. Owing, however, to the narrow and extremely muddy and impracticable condition of the road, I could bring but one piece into battery, sending the others to the rear. The enemy now appeared in, such force as to momentarily check the advance of our cavalry, which, however, soon rallied, and drove them from the woods, their left flank being turned by our cavalry on the right, with which was posted two of my pieces, commanded by Lieutenant Clark, and which did good execu- tion. The enemy were driven across the plain in the greatest confusion. At this time I received an order from Lieutenant IRumsey to bring my whole battery into position into the open field from which the enemy had been driven. This order I executed at once, calling in the two pieces which were posted with the cavalry on the right, as also the two pieces which were with the reserve. I formed my battery in line, and moved forward with the cavalry to the woods at the farther extremity of the plain, where we formed in battery to receive the enemy, who was ex- pected to make a charge. At this point, by command of Lieutenant Rumsey, I left two of my pieces with the reserve, their ammunition being nearly exhausted. After a brief delay, we again moved forward in column of pieces, with the cavalry skirmishing as they advanced for about a mile, and came into battery of four pieces in a large open plain on the left of the road. At this point we received from the enemy the first intimation that ou Page 55 CHAP. XXXVH.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLYS FORD, VA. 55 farther advance would be opposed by artillery. They opened a fire with shot and shell upon our column as it came up the road, having three pieces in position commanding the road, consisting of two 10- ponuder rifles and one 6-pounder gun. On their extreme right was posted another section. of their artillery, which was not used, being probably held in reserve to check our farther advance. Having already expended one-half of my ammunition, I had remain- ing 150 rounds when I entered this field, and could only fire, there- fore, at long intervals, deeming it prudent to reserve my fire for the opposing columns of cavalry, an(l at long and uncertain ranges upon the enemys artillery, as it was evident they intended to charge us at once. In this conclusion we were not at fault, for the enemy soon ap- peared in force in our immediate front, extending from the right to the left of the road, with the evident object of driving in the supports on either flank of the battery. As I observed this, I opened upon them with shell at about 1,500 yards, and at a distance of, say, 1,000 yards with spherical case, continuing it until they arrived at about 400 yards, when, obliquing my sections to both flanks, I opened on them with double-shotted canister with great effect. Our cavalry at this moment charged the lines of the enemy, driving them back in confusion, when I immediately changed the direction of my fire to the enemys artillery. It now became evident, both from the statements of wounded prisoners and other sources, that the enemy were being largely re-enforced both by artillery and cavalry. We, however, maintaine(l our position for~ about an hour, replying at intervals to their artillery, which was most advantageously posted and commanded every approach by the front and flank, their cavalry being at the same time masked by the woods on either flank of their batteries, which kept up a constant and harass- ing fire upon us, to which, however, I could only reply occasionally, thinking it prudent to reserve a supply to cover the recrossing, should it be necessary to do so. Upon receiving an order from General Averell to fall back, I limbered up, recrossed the ford, and placed two pieces in position on the opposite bank to cover the crossing of the remaining columns, sending the balance to Morrisville with a regiment of cavalry, the First Rhode Island. The recrossing having been effected without loss, in conformity with orders I proceeded to Morrisville, where the column halted until daybreak, when we returned to camp via llartwood Church. As regards the loss of the enemy, I have no means of determining, but from my own observation I should say that it far exceeded ours, their prisoners saying also that they suffered very heavily. As to the effect of this affair upon the morale of our cavalry, it only strengthens my belief in their superiority and efficiency over that of the enemy, as was clearly demonstrated in each encounter. I beg to tender my acknowledgments to the staff and officers of Gen- eral Averells command for the courtesy and consideration shown to me and my command, it being the first occasion on which my battery has ever had the opportunity to maneuver with cavalry, and they were, therefore, perhaps in some respects deficient in the requirements of this branch of the service. I have to report the following casualties: One man (Private Richard Paxton) and 2 horses killed; 2 sets of horse equipments unavoidably lost; 1 wheel for6-poundercarriagebadlydamaged; 1 sponge-bucket and 2 handspikes lost; 6 sponge-staffs broken; 3 felling axes loaned t@ cavalry and not returned Page 56 56 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYH. Rounds. Ammunition expended: Hotchkiss canister 32 Schenki percussion shell 90 Hotchkiss shrapnel 100 Hotelikiss shell 25 Total 247 I am,lieutenant, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEO. BROWNE, JR., First Licut., Comdg. Sixth Independent N~ Y. Horse Battery. First Licut. C. F. TROWBRIDO-E, Acting Assistant Adjutant. General. No. 3. Report of Gol. John B. iIJclntosh, Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, com manding Second Brigade. HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAY. BRIG., March 19, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that this brigade, consisting of men, left camp at 9 oclock on the morning of the 16th instant, and encamped that night with the division at Morrisville. At 4 oclock on the morning of the 17th instant I started with my brigade for Kells Ford,and reached there by 6a.m. The enemy was strongly posted on the southwest bank, and for a short. time offered a stubborn resistance. It was at this junctUre I detailed all the axmen from my brigade, under command of Lieutenant Gillmore, of the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, who crossed with the advance guard, and cut away the trees the enemy had felled in order to obstruct the exit from the ford. After my brigade had crossed the river, and shortly after 12 in., the enemy made a sharp attack on the First Brigade, then advanc- ing slowly through the woods. In obedience to the orders of the gen- eral, I deployed my brigade to the right, the Sixteenth Pennsylvania being on the extreme right. The enemy made an attempt to gain the cover of some houses on my right, when I immediately ordered Colonel Gregg to dismount a part of his command and throw them behind the houses, which he successfully accomplished, and, by a few well-directed volleys, caused them to retreat rapidly. I then formed my squadrons en Jchelon, and advanced slowly, drivin~ the enemy completely from my front by well-directed volleys. The enemy made no attempt to charge my brigade, nor did they appear in my front in any locality where I had an opportunity to charge them. The loss of the brigade in killed, wounded, and missing is as follows :* Third Pennsylvania Cavalry: Officer wonuded 1 Enlisted man wounded 1 Fonrth Pennsylvania Cavalry: Officers wounded. 2 Enlisted men wonuded 4 Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry: Enlisted man wounded.. - - - . - - - - - - 1 [J. B. MCINTOSH, Col. Third La. Cay., (Jomdg. Second Brig., Second Die.] Lient. C. F. TROWERIDGE, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Second Cay. Dic. Nominal list omitted Page 57 CHAP. XXXVII.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLYS FORD, VA. 57 Iso. 4. Report qf Col. J. Irvin Gregg, & xteenth Penn8ylvania Cavalry. EIDQRS. SIXTEENTH PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY, Jllarch 18, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my regiment, the Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, iu the cav- alry action near Kellys Ford on the 17th instant: On arriving at the ford, I received an order to send forward all the axes in my regiment, and immediately dispatched 20 men, under com- mand of First Lient. A. J. Snyder. The party bore itself gallantly, and did good service in removing the blockade at the fording~ and crossed with the First IRhode Island men. I desire to recommend to the favor- able notice of the colonel commanding Sergeant [Samuel] McGowan, of Company II, Private [Edward] Claifrey, Company A, anu Saddler F. J. Canman, Company I. These meii have had charges preferred against them, and I trust their behavior in the late engagement will be taken into account in making np their sentence. The position occupied by my rebiment was the extreme right of the line, with my right resting on the river, with my skirmishers thrown forward and deployed at a distance of 300 yard~, and concealed from view by a wood of cedar trees and outbuildings. Shortly after the attack commenced on the left and center, I observed a large force of the enemy moving rapidly toward our right, evidently with a view of outfianking us, and asked for and obtained permission to dismount a portion of my command and occupy the buildings immediately in my front. This was not done a moment too soon, as the enemy were already entering the outer gate, when a volley from behind the houses drove them back. They soon rallied from behind some trees amid out of carbine range, and, supposing from the maneuvers that it was their intention to dismount a I)Ortion of their men and gain our rear nnder cover of the bushes which lined the bank of the river, I dismounted the balance of my command, and threw my entire force some 300 yards in advance of the houses, under cover of a stone wall, and drove the enemy from the position. A charge of 30 men, led by Major Fry, drove a squadron of the enemy from the woods immediately in my front. Find- ing that the enemy did not approach, I mounted my command, and took UI) a position on the right of the line, and moved forward until farther progress was arrested by a dense woods, where I again dismounted my command, and threw it forward on the enemys left flank, obliging him to move his position three times. I am happy to state that I did not lose a single officer or man from my command ai wounded. , id had but I man, Private George Derlin, slightly Major Fry, Captains Kennedy and Alexander, Lieutenants Snyder and Young, as well as all the men under my command, deserve great credit for the promptness with which they a(lvanecd nuder fire. I am not able to give an accurate account of the enemys killed and wounded. Fourteen dead bodies were connted o~i the right, and several others were seen to fall from their horses, apparently dead. The number of wounded must have been in the same proportion, as quite a large number of sabers were scattered over the ground. I apprehend that 30 killed and wounded from the effects of my fire is a very umoderate estimate. The officers immediately in command of the dismounted me Page 58 9 58 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVTh estimate a much larger number. I have also to report the following captured property: Pistols 7 Sabers 9 Bridles 4 Carbines 1 Saddles 2 Horses. - 2 There were many sabers lying on the field, but being of so many patterns, and without scabbards, I did not deeai them worth picking up. Horses captured will be carried on the company report; the other prop. erty is in the hands of the men who captured it. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. IRVIN GREGG, Colonel, Commanding Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. Col. J. B. McINTosH, Second Brigade, Second Cavalry Division. No. 5. Report of ]Jfaj. Gen. James B. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, commanding Cav alry Division, Army of Northern Virginia, with orders. HDQRS. (JAY. Div., ARMY OF NORTHERN VInaiNTA, March 25, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to inclose herewith the very graphic re- port of Brig. 0-en. Fitz. Lee, of the battle of Kellysville (March 17), between his brigade an(l a division of the enemys cavalry. There is little to be said in addition. The dispositions made for meeting this an- ticipated raid were sufficient to have prevented, or very much retarded, the crossing of the IRappahannock at Kellysville. The report shows wherein these dispositions failed of their object. The brigade, however, under its noble chief, so redeemed the day by au exhibitiou of the most extraordinary heroism that we are half disposed to lose sight of the picket failure in the outset. Being charged by the commanding general specially with prepara- tions to meet Stoneman, I was present ou this occasion, because of the responsibility which would necessarily attach to me for what was done; but having approved of Brig. Gen. Fitzhngh Lees plans, I determined not to interfere with his command of the brigade as long as it was com- manded so entirely to my satisfaction, and I took special pride in wit- nessing its gallant conduct under its accomplished leader. The defeat was decided, and the enemy, broken and demoralized, re- tired under cover of darkness to his place of refuge (the main army), having abandoned in defeat an expedition undertaken with boasting and vainglorious demonstration. I have the honor to inclose a copy of congratulatory orders from divis- ion and brigade headquarters, and an order announcing to the division the death of the lamented and noble Pelham. I was especially indebted to him for his usual gallant services, and to Capt. Harry [W.] Gilmor, Twelfth Virginia Cavalry, who accompanied me as volunteer staff [offi- cer]; iVIaj. Lewis F. Terrell (the court-martial to which he belonged having taken a recess) buckled on his sword with commendable zeal, and came to the field, where he acquitted himself with credit, both as an artillery and as a staff officer Page 59 CHAP. XXXVII.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLY S FORD, VA. 59 I cordially concur with the brigadier-general commanding in the high praise he bestows on Col. T. L. Hosser, Fifth Virginia Cavalry, who, though severely wounded at 2 p. in., remained in command at the head of his regiment until the day was won, and night put an end to further operations; on Col. James II. Drake, First Virginia Cavalry, who led his regiment in a brilliant charge upon the enemys flank, routing and pursuing him to his stronghold; on the lamented [Maj. John W.] Pul- ler and his comrades fallen; on Lieut. [Bernard] Hill Carter, Jr., Third Virginia Cavalry, and [Adjutant] Peter Fontaine, Fourth Virginia Cav- alry, whose individual prowess attracted my personal attention and re- mark, the latter receiving a severe wonnd; on the very efficient staff of General Lee, enumerated in his report, and the many others to whom the 17th of March will ever be the proudest of days. Brig. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee exhibited, in the operations antecedent to and consequent upon the enemys crossing, the sagacity of a successful general, and under the blessing of Divine Providence we are indebted to his prompt and vigorous action and the determined bravery of his men for this signal victory, which, when the odds are considered, was one of the most brilliant achievements of the war, General Lees com- mand in action being less than 800. Most respectfully, your obedient servant, J. E. B. STUART, ]JiEajor. Ceneral, Commanding. Brig. Gen. H. II. CHILTON, Asst. Adjt. and Insp. 6Zen., Hdqrs. Army of Northern Virginia. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. CAY. Div., ARMY OF N. VA., No. 8. March 18, 1863. The series of fierce contests in which Brig. Gen. Fitz. Lees brigade was engaged on the 17th instant, with an enemy greatly superior in numbers, resulting in entire success to us, reflects the highest credit on its commander, its officers, and its men. On no occasion have I seen more instances of individual prowessnever such heroic firmness in the presence of danger the most appalling. The enemy, afraid to contest the palm as cavalry, preferred to rely upon his artillery, ensconcing his cavalry, dismounted, behind stone fences and other barriers, which alone saved him from capture or annihilation, thus converting the long-vaunted raid, which was to break the backbone of the rebellion, with prepara- tions complete for an extensive expedition, into a feeble advance and a defensive operation. The serious disaster inflicted upon this insolent foe, in which he was driven, broken and discomfited, across the Rappa- hannockleaving many of his dead and wounded on the fieldwas not without loss to us. The gallant Pelhamso noble so truewill be mourned by the nation. The brave [Major John W.] Puller, the intrepid Harris, and our fallen heroes in the ranks have left a legacy of imperish- able renown, and the memory of their fate will give a keener edge to vengeance in the next conflict. Commanders will take care to record while fresh in their memories the instances of personal heroism for future use, and the brigade will have the [battle] of Kellysville inscribed on its banner as its greatest achievement. J. E. B. STUART, Major- General, Commanding Page 60 60 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ CAV. DIV., ARMY OF N. VA., T-Vnoi~ No. 9. March 20, 1863. The major-general commanding approaches with reluctance the pain- ful duty of announcing to the division its irreparable loss in the death of Maj. John Pelham, commanding the Horse Artillery. He fell mor- tally wounded in the battle of Kellysville, March 17, with the battle-cry on his lips and the light of victory beaming from his eye. To you, his comrades, it is needless to dwell npon what yon have so often witnessed, his prowess in action, already proverbial. You well know how, though young in years, a mere stripling in appearance, remarkable for his gen- nine modesty of deportment, he yet disclosed on the battlefield the conduct of a veteran, and displayed in his handsome person the most imperturbable coolness in danger. His eye had glanced over every battle-field of this army from the first Manassas to the moment of his death, and he was, with a single exc~ption, a brilliant actor in all. The memory of the gallant ~ his many manly virtues, his noble nature and purity of character, are enshrined as a sacred legacy iu the hearts of all who knew him. His record has been bright and spotless, his career brilliant and successful. He fell the noblest of sacrifices on the altar of his country, to whose glorious service he had dedicated his life from the beginning of the war. In token of respect for his cher- ished memory, the Horse Artillery and division staff will wear the mili- tary badge of mourning for thirty days, and the senior officer of staff Major [Heros] Von Boreke, will place his remains in the possession of his bereaved family, to whom is tendered in behalf of the division the assurance of heartfelt sympathy in this deep tribulation. In mourning his departure from his accustomed post of honor on the field, let us strive to imitate his virtues, and trust that what is loss to us may be more than gain to him. By command of Maj. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart: 11. CIIANNING PRICE, Major and Assistant Adjutant- General. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS, March 26, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the Department. I feel deeply the loss of the noble dead, and heartily concur in the commenda- tion of the living.* R. E. LEE, General. No. 6. Report of Brig. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee, C. & Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade, with orders. HEADQUARTERS LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, March 23, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of an encounter on the 17th instant between my brigade and a division of enemys cav- alry, certainly not less than 3,000 mounted men, with a battery of ar- tillery. My first intimation of their approach was in a telegram received at 11 a. m. on 16th, from headquarters Army of Northern Virginia. At See Lee to Stuart, March 27, in Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 61 CHAP. XXXVII.] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLYS FORD, VA. 61 6 p. m. scouts reported them at Morrisville, a little place 6 miles from Kellys Ford. At 1 a. m. another report informed me that the enemy had encamped at that place, coming from three different directions. I that night re-enforced my picket of 20 sharpshooters by 40 more. .1 regret to say that only about 11 or 12 of them got into the rifle-pits in time for the attack of the enemy (owing to an unnecessary delay in carry- ing their horses to the rear), which commenced about 5 a. m. The force in the pits, under Capt. James Breckinridge, of the Second, behaved very gallantly, holding in check a large force of the enemy, mounted and dismounted, for an hour and a half, killing and wounding 30 or 10 of them. I also ordered the remaining sharpshooters of the brigade, under that very efficient oficer, Major [XV. A.] Morgan, First Virginia, to move from their camps by daybreak to a point on the railroad where the road turns to Kellys, half a mile from the railroad bridge and 3~ from Kellys, and the rest of the command was brdered to be in readiness to move at the shortest notice. At that time a force was reported to be at Beale- ton, supposed to be their advance guard, and it was uncertain whether they would attempt to cross at Kellys, the railroad bridge, or move on toward Warrenton. The report that enemys attack was made at Kellys never reached me; and the first intimation I received from that point was at 7.30 a. to the effect that they had succeeded in crossing, capturing 25 of my sharpshooters, who were unable to reach their horses. I moved my command at once down the railroad, taking up a position to await their approach, ordering my baggage wagons and disabled horses to the rear, toward IRapidan Station. Some time elapsing, and they not advancing, I determined to move upon them, and marched immediately for Kellys. First met the enemy half a mile this side of ford, and at once charged them. Their position was a very strong one, sheltered by woods and a long, high stone fence running perpendicular to my advance. My men, unable to cross the fence and ditch in their front, wheeled about, deliver- ing their fire almost in the faces of the enemy, and reformed again, facing about under a heavy fire from their artillery and small-arms. The Third in this charge was in front, and First Lieut. [Bernard] Hill Carter, jr., was very conspicuous in his behavior. From that time it was a succes- sion of gallant charges by the various regiments, and once by the whole brigade in line, whenever the enemy would show their mounted men, they invariably falling back upon their artillery and sheltered dis- mounted skirmishers. Their total advance was 2 miles from the ford. At that time my artillery arrived, and they were driven back, recrossing the river about 7.30 p. in., with us in close pursuit. My whole command acted nobly; sabers were frequently crossed and fences charged up to, the leading men dismounting and pulling them down, under a heavy fire of canister, grape, and carbine balls. Had I my command in the order it arrived in this enervating section of coun- try, and not weakened by the absence of four squadrons on picket, guard- ing a line stretching from Griffinsburg, @n the Sperryville turnpike, to Richards Ford, and by the large number of horses unfit for duty by ex- posure to the severe winter, with a very limited supply of forage, I feel confident the defeat of the enemy would have been changed into a dis- orderly rout, and the whole brigade resupphied with horses, saddles, and bridles. Commanding officers of the detachments from the various regiments engaged mention in their reports as deserving especial attention In the Fifth: Private William J. Haynes, Company F (badly wounded); Private A. Th Harwood ,Coinpany E; Private Henry Wooding, Compan Page 62 62 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. C (especially commended; seized the colors when the horse of the color- bearer was shot, and carried them bravely through the fight); Sergeants [John W.] Morecocke and [George B.] IRatcliffe, and Private George [W. E.] James, Company II. In the Fourth: Captains [W. B.] Newton and [Charles] Old, Lieutenant [J. D.] ilobson, and Adjutant [Peter] Fontaine (seriously wounded). Sergeant [W. J.] Kimborough, of Company G, deserves particular no- tice; wounded early in the day, he refused to leave the field. In the last charge he was the first to spring to the ground to open the fence~ then dashing on at the head of the column he was twice sabered over the head, his arm shattered by a bullet, captured and carried over the river, when he escaped, and walked back 12 miles to his camp. Lieu- tenant-Colonel [William II.] Payne, commanding, also mentions Pri- vates Joseph Gilman, J. H. Gilman Poin and N. Priddy. , dexter, IRedd, Sydnor, Terry, In the Third: Captain [William] Collins, Company II; Lieuts. [Ber- nard] Hill Carter, jr., and John Lamb, of Company ID; Lieutenant [H. W.] Stamper, of Company F; Lieut. 11. T. Hubbard, jr., Company G,and First Lieutenant [J. W.] Hall, of Company C (was twice wounded before he desisted from the charge, and when retiring received a third and still more severe wound, and was unable to leave the field). - Adjt. H. B. McClellan is also particularly commended for his gallantry; also Acting Sergt. Maj. E. W. Price, Company K; Private [C. A.] Keech, Company I, and Bugler Drilling. Sergeant [G. M.] Betts, of Company C; Privates [W. W.] Young, Company B; [F. S.] Fowler, Company G~ and [J. T.] Wilkins, of Company C, died as became brave menin the front of the charge, at the head of the column. In the Second, the commanding officer reports that where so many behaved themselves with so much gallantry he does not like to discrim- inate. In the First: Captain [C. F.] Jordan, Company C, and Lieutenant [R.] Cecil, Company K, specially commended for reckless daring with- out a parallel. As coming under my own observation, I particularly noticed Col. T. L. Itosser, of the Fifth, with his habitual coolness and daring, charging at the head of his regiment; Col. James [H.] Drake, of the First, always ready at the right time and place; Col. T. H. Owen, of the Third, beg- ging to be allowed to charge again and again; Lieut. Col. W. H. Payne, of the Fourth, unmindful of his former dreadful wound, using his saber with effect in a hand-to-hand conflict, and the imperturbable self-pos- sessed Major Breckinridge, of the Second, whose boldness led him so far that he was captured, his horse being shot. Col. T. T. Munford, of the Second, I regret to say, was president of a court-martial in Cul- peper Court-House, and did not know of the action in time to join his command until the fight was nearly over. I also commend for their behavior Captain [W. W.] Tebbs, of the Second, and8Captain [C. T.] Litchfie]d and Lieutenant [G. W.] Dorsey, of the First- also Ma Morgan, of the First. My personal staffMajor [H. F.] Mason, Captains [J. D.] Ferguson and [S.] Bolling, Dr. J. B. Fontaine, and Lieutenants [H. C.] Lee, [G. M.] Ryals, and [Charles] Minnigeroderendered great service by their accurate and quick transmission of orders and b~ their conduct nnder fire. Surgeon Fontaines horse was killed nuder him, and my own was also shot, but through the generosity of Private John H. Owings, Com- pany K, First Virginia Cavalry, attached to my headquarters, was quickly replaced by his Page 63 CHAP. XXXVIL] ENGAGEMENT AT KELLY S FORD, VA. 63 The conduct of Couriers Owings, Lee, Nightengale, and Henry Shack- elford deserves the highest praise. The enemys loss was heavy. Besides leaving a number of his dead and wounded on the field, he carried ~ff a large number on hors~s and in ambulances. We captured 29 prisonersi captain, 2 lieutenants, and 26 privates. My own loss was 11 killed 88 wounded prisoners, making an aggregate of 133. In horses, 7t ,and 34 taken killed ,87wouinded, 12 captured, making aggregate loss of horses 170. Among the killed I deeply regret to report Major [J. W.] Puller, of the Fifth, and Lieutenant [C. S] Harris, of the Fourth, both gallant and highly efficient officersa heavy loss to their regiments and country. In conclusion, I desire especially to state that Maj. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart joined me before the fight commenced; was on the field the whole day; assisted immensely by his sagacious counsels, large expe- rience, and by his usual daring and conspicuous example in turuing the fortunes of the day in our favor. We share with him the anguish and deep grief felt at the loss of the noble Pelham, of his staff the brightest promise for the future. , an officer of Major [Lewis F.] Terrell, of General Stuarts staff, beside being active on the field, assisted the gallant [Captain James] Breathed in the man- agement of the artillery. Captain [Harry W.] Gilmor, Twelfth Virginia Cavalry, a volunteer for the occasion on the major-generals staff, I also commend for his marked bravery and cool courage. I append a recapitulation of my loss. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, FlTZ. LEE, Brigadier- General, Commanding. General R. H. CHILTON, Asst. Adjt. and Insjp. Gen., Ar my of Northern Virginia. [Inelosure.] Recapitulation of the 1088 of Brig. Gen. Fitz. Lee8 Cavalry Brigade in the engagement near Kellysville, Va., JYJarch 17, 1863. +~ 0 H be 2 21 26 51 41 3 8 11 77 1 33133 71 8712 170 HEADQUARTERS LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, Near Culjpeper Court-House, Va., March 26, 1863. [General iR. H. CHILTON :1 SIR: I find in looking over a retained copy I have of the fight near Kellys Ford, the latter porti6n of one of the sentences reads, and a long, high stone fence, running perpendicular to my advance. Be kind Field and staff 1st Regiment Virginia Cavalry 2d Regiment Virginia Cavalry 3d Regiment Virginia Cavalry 4th Regiment Virginia cavalry 5th Regiment Virginia Cavalry Battery Total 1 I 1 1 1 7 8 7 13 1 1 2 16 1 14 34 6 20 4 6 31 I 44 26 24 1 1 1 1 16 -- - 16 15 15 16 10 1 1 2 7 lit 16 1 Page 64 64 N. VA., w. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL enough to substitute in the copy sent you for the word perpendicular at right angles. 1 think it is the more correct form of expression. Will you also be kind enough to add in a recent letter I wrote concern- ing the justice of paying soldie~ for horses permanently disabled by wounds, & e., the words and nuavoidably captured by the enemy ~ Very respectfully, your obedient servant, FITZ. LEE, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, ]Iliarch 28, 1863. Respectfully forwarded to General Cooper, with the request that he will cause the desired alterations to be made. The papers alluded to were forwarded yesterday and to-day. By order of General Lee: W. II. TAYLOR, Assistant Adjutant- General. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, No. 10. March 21, 1863. The general commanding the brigade announces to his command his high gratification and proud appreciation of their heroic achievements upon the ever memorable 17th instant. The enemy crossed the Rappa- hannock at Kellys Ford with a force of certainly not less than 3,000 cavalry and a battery of artillery. Confident in numbers and equip- ments, it was their purpose to penetrate the interior, to destroy our rail- roads, to burn, rob, and devastate, and to commit their customary dep- redations upon the property of our peaceful citizens. Soldiers of the brigade! you have been taught a lesson, and the enemy have also prof- ited. Rebel cavalry have been taught that Yankee (would-be) horsemeD, nQtwithstanding their numbers, can be confronted and hurled back and their infamous purposes, however well planned in security, in the open, fair field frustrated. Rebel cavalry have been taught that a determined rnsh upon the foe is the part of sound policy as it is the part of true courage. Rebel cavalry have taught an insolent enemy that, notwith- standing they may possess advantages of chosen position, superiority in numbers and weapons, they cannot overwhelm soldiers fighting for the holiest cause that ever nerved the arm of a freeman or fired the breast of a patriot. You have taught certain sneerers in our army that placing a Southern soldier on horseback does not convert him into a coward; and, last and not least, you have confirmed Abolition cavalry in their notions of running. You have repeatedly charged an enemy sheltered by stone fences and impassable ditches, in the face of his ar- tillery and volleys from thousands of his carbines. You checked his triumphant advance, and caused a precipitate retreat, with the legacy of his dead and wounded. Captain Breathed and his brave artillerists have my sincere thanks. They behaved, as they always do, with great gallantry. To the noble spirits who have fallen we pay the mournful homage of silent grief. The blood of such men as Pelham, Puller, Harris, and other kindred souls is a libation to our liberty. Virginia witnesses their sacrifice upon the holy altar of her independence. FITZ. LEE, Brigadier- Genera ~, Commanding Page 65 ChAP. XXXVII.j AFFAIR AT HEENDON STATION, VA. 35 MARCH 17, 1863.Skirmish at Bealeton Station, Va. Report of Licut. Cot. Greely S. Curtis, First Massachusetts Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS FIRST MASSACHUSETTS CAVALRY, ]Iifttrch 19, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report that during the 17th instant I was ordered by the general commanding to hold the roads to iRappa- hannock and Kellys Fords, coming from the north. There was no attack made, save by a small party of guerrillas at Bealeton Station, who were soon driven off. Second Lieut. Frank W. Hayden was captured by guerrillas while going from the outpost to the reserve of pickets near Elk Run. Besides this there is nothing worthy of report. Your obedient servant, Q~ S. CURTiS, Lieutenant. Colonel, Commanding First Massachusetts Cavalry. Lient. WILL. RUNSEY, Aide-dc- Camp. MARCH 17, 1863.Affair at Herndon Station, Va. REPOI~TS. No. 1.Maj. charles F. Taggart, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. No. 2.Capt. John S. Mosby, Virginia Cavalry. No. 1. Report of Maj. Charles F. Taggart, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. DRANESYILLE, \~A., March 24, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that on the 17th instant, at I p. in., the reserve l)icket post at flerndon Station, consisting of 25 men nuder command of Second Lieut. Alexander (}. Watson, Company L, First Vermont Cavalry, was surprised by Captain Mosby with a force of 42 men, and 21 of our men, together with Maj. William Wells, Capt. Robert Scofleld, Company F, Second Lient. Alexander U. Watson, Company L, and Perley C. J. Cheney, Company C (second lieutenant), caj)tured, all of First Vermont Cavalry; the first three were visiting the post. The surprise was so complete that the men made but little or no re- sistance. The enemy were led on by citizens, and entered on foot by a bridle-path in rear of the post, capturing the vedette stationed on $he road before he was able to give the alarm. Every effort was made by me on receipt of the intelligence to capture the party but without avail. Had Second Lieut. Edwin H. Higley, Company K, ihrst Vermont Cav- alry, who had started with the relief for the post, consisting of 40 mcii, together with 10 of the old guard, who joined him, performed his duty, the whole party could and would have been taken. I cannot too strongly urge that orders may be given that all citizens near outposts must remove beyond the lines~ Such o currcnce ar~ S IL R-..--VOL XX , PT Page 66 3(3 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII exceedingly discreditable, but sometimes unavoidable; not on ]y calcu. lated to embolden the enemy, but dispirit our men. I am, colonel, your obedient servant, CHARLES F. TAGGART, M-~or, Commanding Post. Col. H. BUTLER PRICE, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. No. 2. Report of Capt. John S. ]Iliosby, Virginia Cavalry. INEAR PIEDMONT, VA., March 18, 1863. GENERAL: Yesterday I attacked a body of the enemys cavalry at Tlern(lon Station in Fairfax County, completely routing them. I brought oft 25 prisonersa major (Wells), 1 captain, 2 lieutenants, and 21 men, all their arms, 26 horses and equipments. One, severely wounded, was left on the ground. The enemy pnrsued me in force, but xvere checked by may rear guard, and gave up the pursuit. My loss was nothing. Tue enemy have moved their cavalry from Germantown back of Fair- fax Court-House, on the Alexandria pike. I a this affluir iuy officers an(1 men behaved splendidly. Respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. S. MOSBY, Captain, Commanding. Maj. Gen. J. 13. B. STUART. [Indorsements.] HEADQUARTERS LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, March 20, 1863. Lespeetfully forwarded. Such performances need no comment. The soldiers were l)aroled. The officers will be sent to Richmond. FITZ. LEE, Brigadier- Generai. HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION, March N, 1863. Respectfully forwarded, and attention called to this latest achieve- e Itt oh Captain Mosby. In absence of General Stuart, and by command. H. CHANNING PRICE, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, March 21, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the Department, and as an evidence of the merit and continued success of Captain Mosby. R. E. LEE, General Page 67 CHAP. XXXVII.] (37 AFFAIRS NEAR OCCOQUAN, VA. MARCH 22, 1863.Affairs at Seleomans Ford and Mrs. Violetts, near Occoquan, Va. REPORTS. No. 1.Col. R. Butler Price, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. No. 2.Capt. William P. Brinton, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. No. 1. Reports of Col. B. Butler Price, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC, March 22; 1863. CAPTAIN: I send you copies of dispatches received to.day from Ac- cotink and the Occoquan.* I did not send them to you when flrst received, as Captain Brinton reports the enemy as having crossed to the other side of the Occoquan, and being a force composed of citizens. On receipt of the first, I immediately telegraphed to Colonel [Peter] Stagg, at Union Mills, that he might send a party in pursuit. I also telegral)hed to Fairfax. I am, Very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. BUTLER PRICE, Colonel, Commanding. Capt. C. H. POTTER, Assistant Adjutant- General. [P. S.]Since writing the above, a messenger sent by me to Accotink has returned, and reports the whole number missing at 19; no officers among them. [Inclosure.] PICKET POST No. 9, Sunday, ill arch 22, 18631 p. m. COLONEL: Captain Brinton started at daylight, the moment that the news arrived, with a considerable force. There are now in camp about 40 men as a reserve. No apprehension is felt concerning this point. The rebels ~vent oft over ~elecmans Ford, but I dont know how they got into the reserve post. None of the officers were captured, but a number of the men were taken at the reserve post. The moment Captain Brinton communicates, you shall be informed. Three wounded privates have been sent in. Yery respectfully, LOUIS M. CHASTEAU, Lieut. and Acting P. 9. Mi., ~Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. Col. R. BUTLER PRICE, Commanding Brigade. [Indorsernent.] A more circumstantial report will be forwarded when received from Captaiu Brinton. II. BUTLER PRICE, __________________________ Colonel, Commanding. See Captain Brintons report, p. 68 Page 68 68 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. HEADQTJARTERS SECOND CAVALRY BRIGADE, DEPARTMENT OF WASHINGTON, March 28, 1863. CAPTAIN: The order of the major-general commanding, directing me to forward to headquarters Department of Washington a written report of the capture of our pickets at Selecinans Ford and part of the re- serves at Mrs. Violetts is received. I have the honor to state in reply that I have directed Capt. William P. Brinton, Company D, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry, commanding the post, to send me the required report, which I expect to receive to-day, and will immediately forward it when received. There is a mistake entertained at headquarters in reference to the picket at Selecmans Ford. There was not a man cap- tured there. The sergeant and 4 men posted there emptied their car- bines and revolvers, wounding some of the rebels, afl(l then fell back without loss. In reference to the reserves at Mrs. Violetts (being without the re- port in detail), I can only state that they fought well, but were over- powered by superior numbers. Richard S. Farrow, of the Black horse Cavalry (Fourth Virginia), was captured, severely and sul)l)osc(l mor- tally wounded. He commanded the party, and was yesterday sent to Washington. Two of their privates were left on the other side of the Occoquan, too seriously wounded to be moved. We had 3 men wounded, one of whom has since died. He was shot after he had surrendered and given up his arms. Of the other two, one is severely, the other slightly, wounded. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. BUTLER. PRICE, Colonel, Commanding. Capt. C. H. POTTER, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. ~. Reports of Capt. William P. Brinton, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry. ACCOTINK, VA., March 2~, 18635 a. in. COLONEL: I have just received information that our reserve picket at Mrs. Violetts house has been attacked and captured, including Lieu- tenants Biles, See, and Bacon. How maiiy of the pickets have been taken, I know not. I go at once with my force here to their assistance. There is no doubt about it being a success on the l)art of the rebels. Your obedient servant, WM. ~. BRINTON, Captain, Commanding Post. Col. U. BUTLER PRICE. MRs. VIOLETTS FARM7.30 a. m. COLONEL: We have arrived, and find officers safe- some of the men escaped. The enemy surrounded these head quarters, dismounted, horses secreted in the woods, at 3 a. in. Supposed to be from 80 to 100. Reserve here consisted of 25 men, balance being on post. Reserve mad Page 69 CHAP. XXXVII.) A14~AIRS NEAk OCCOQUAN, VA. t39 all the resistance possible. Three men wounde(l, 1 dangerously. The attacking party retreated toward Seiecrnans Ford. I have sent two companies in pursuit. I am under the impression it was a guerrilla force, led by citizens, who will be re-enforced on the opposite side of the stream. I know nothing of the force on the other side. Had a scouting party there yesterday; could discover nothing of the enemy. I am in (loLlbt about crossing, and if we do will move cautiously. Companies B,F, and L were on duty here, most of which have been captured. We must be re-enforced, if possible, to.day, in order to re-establish safely our picket lines. Your obedient servant, WM. P. BRINTON, Captain, Commanding. Col. H. BUTLER PRICE. 7.45 A. M. The enemy have crossed at Selecmnans Ford. HEADQUARTERS PICKET RESERVE, Mrs. Violetts Farm, near Occoquan, Va., March 22, 1863. COLONEL: Immediately after writing the dispatch upon my arrival here, I crossed Selecinans Ford with about 100 men, and followed the trail of the rebels to near Maple Valley, about 5 miles south of Occoquan stream. Finding that they were at least two hours in advance of us, and our horses being jaded, I thought it imprudent to go farther. I, how- ever, sent Lient. Edwin Mattson, with 10 good men, to endeavor to find out where they are encamped. My impression is that they have gone to Brentsville. We have not lost more than 15 men in all, 3 of whom are wounded. We have 1 prisoner badly wounded, supposed to be an officer. There were 27 men of the Fourth Virginia Cavalry and the balance citizens. I have established the regular picket line and increased the reserve at this place. 1 will make a full report this even- ing. Your obedient servant, WM. P. BRINTON, Captain Second Pennsylvania Cavalry, Commanding Post. Col. H. BUTLER PRICE Commanding Cavalry South of Potomac, Dept. of Washington. ACCOTrnK, VA., March 26, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to make the following report: On Sunday, the 22d instant, at 3 a. in., the reserve of our Occoquan picket, consisting of 25 men, stationed on the Telegraph road, at Mrs. Vhiletts, and conimanded by Lient. Clement H. See, Company F, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry, was attacked by a force of the enemys cavalry, together with citizens, numbering in all from 60 to 80 men. The enemy did not cross Occoquan stream at any of the regular fords, but between two-of our picket posts, at a point where they could not be seen fm-omn either. They secreted their horses in the woods, and caine stealthily, (lisniounted, anti surrounded the reserve. The sentinel on post chal- the advance in nsual manimer, , eceiving an evasive an lenged the and r swer, fired hum ediately and woun(le(i (langerously the leather of th Page 70 70 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. LOHAP. xxxviI. band, supposed to be Richard S. Farrow (whom we now have as a pris- oner). Rapid succession of shots were exchanged, which resulted in 3 of our men being wounded, I fatally. I cannot say what loss the enemy sustained, as they carried their woun(led away with them, with the ex- ceptiou of Richard S. Farrow, whom they left at a house on this side of the Occoquan~ Our men were overpowered by the superior numbers of the enemy, which resulted in 20 of them being taken prisoners, the hal- ance escaping with the officers. They captured al)out as many horses as men, and made a hasty retreat to Selecinans Ford, at which place we had 2 non-commissioned officers and 0 men, who bravely (lisputed their crossing, and had a sharp skirmish with them, wounding 2 or 3. Our men sustained no loss at this point, but, of course, had to retire, but continued to fire on them all the time they were crossing. I received information of the attack just after daybreak, and immediately went in pursuit. I took 100 men, and scouted the country south of Occoquan stream iu front of our line of pickets a (listauce of over 5 miles in almost every direction. We traced the enemy as far as Bacon Race Church, supposing we must have been pressing them closely, as we found car- bines, sabers, and pistols which had been left by the way. We after- ward ascertained that they were at least two hours in advance of us, and had gone to Brentsville, at which point our prisoner told us that they would be re-enforced, and, as our horses were then much jaded, I did not think it l)rndent to pursue them farther. 1 would respectfully suggest that I think it almost impossible to picket well the Occoquan stream with cavalry, as brave men can cross it at any point where the banks on either side are not too abrupt. Oar force is only sufficient to guard the regular fordings. and the banks of the stream are of such a character as to prevent us from patroliug from one ford to the other. I have the honor to be, your very obedient servant, WM. P. BI{INTON, Captain, Commanding Post. Col. R. BUTLER PRICE, Commanding Cavalry AS~outh of Potomac. MARCH 23, 1863.Skirmish on the Little River Turnpike, near Chan tilly, Va. HEPO1~TS. No. 1.Lient. CoL Robcrt Johnstone, Fifth New York Cavalry. No. 2.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army. No. 3.Capt. John S. Mosby, Virginia Cavalry, including operations March 16 April 1. No. 1. Report of Lieut. Col. Robert ~Johnstone, Fifth New York Cavalry. FAIRFAX CouLmT-lIousE, March 23, 180..3. SIR: At 5 p. m. our picket in front of Chantilly was attacked. The vedettes were on the alert, and gave the alarm. The reserve of about 70 men were immediately under arms, atid charged the enemy, who fled for 2 miles along the Little River turnpike. Between Saun(lers toll Page 71 CHAP. xxxvii.] SICIRMISH NEAR CIIANTILLY, VA. 71 gate and Cub Run there is a strip of woods about half a mile wide through which the road runs. Within the woods, and about a quarter of a mile apart, are two barricades of fallen trees; our troops pursued the enemy between these barricades. Behind the latter some of the enemy were concealed. The head of the column was here stopped by a fire of carbines and pistols, and also by a fire upon the flank from the woods. The column broke and was pursued by the enemy 1~ miles. It was then rallied by the exertions of Majors Bacon and White. Captains MeGujun and llasbrouck, when they heard of the alarm, proceeded on a gallop from Frying Pan, and, joining Major Whites command, pur- sued the enemy for 8 miles. Night coming on, and the enemy being more numerous than we were, and our horses exhausted, the column halted and returned to Chantilly. The line of pickets is now re-estab- lished. Our loss is, killed, Corporal [Charles] Gilleo, Company H, Fifth New York Cavalry; James Doyle, Company C; John Harris, Company K. Mortally wounded, Sergeant [William] Leahey, Company C. Lieuten- ant Merritt taken prisoner. I have ordered returns to be sent in at once, but as the line of picket is very extensive, I will not be able to give you the list of prisoners and missing for some hours. ROBT. JOUNSTONE, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding. Col. Th BUTLER PRICE, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. No. 2. Report of General Robert F. Lee, C. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, March 26, 1863. GENERAL: On the 25th [23d?] instant Capt. John S. Mosby attacked and routed a body of the enemys cavalry on the Little River turnpike, near Chantilly. He reports 10 killed and wounded, and a lieutenant and 30 men, with their horses, arms, and equipments captured. He sustained no loss. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. E. LEE, General. General S. COOPER, Adjutant and In8pector General, Richmond, Va. No. 3. Report of Capt. John S. Mosby, Virginia Cavalry, incruting operations March 16April 1. FAUQUIER COUNTY, VA., April 7, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of the cavalry under my command since rendering my last report: On Monday, March 16, I proceeded down the Little River pike to capture two outI)osts of the enemy, each numbering 60 or 70 men. I did not succeed in gaining their rear, as I expected, and only capture Page 72 72 N. VA., W. VA., MD .,AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVJI. 4 or 5 vedettes. It being late in the evening, and our horses very much jaded, I concluded to return. I had gone not over a mile back when we saw a large body of the enemys cavalry, which, according to theli own reports, numbered 200 men, rapidly pursuing. I feigned a retreat, desiring to draw them off from their camps. At a point where the en~ emy had blockaded the road with fallen trees I formed to receive thein~ for with my knowledge of the Yankee character I knew they would imagine themselves fallen into an ambuscade. When they had come within 100 yards of~ me, I ordered a charge, to which my men responded with a vim that swept everything before them. The Yankees broke when we got within 75 yards of them, and it was more of a chase than a fight for 4 or 5 miles. We killed 57 wounded a considerable number, and brought oft 1 lieutenant and 35 men prisoners. I did not have over 50 men with me, some having gone back with the prisoners and others having gone on ahead when we started back, not anticipating any pursuit. On Monday, March 31, I went down in the direction of Dranesville to capture several strong outposts in the vicinity of that place. Ou reaching there, I discovered that they had fallen back about 10 miles d~wu the Alexandria pike. I then returned 6 or 8 miles back, and stopped about 10 oclock at night at a point about 2 miles from the pike. Early the next morning one of my men, whom I had left over on the Leesbnrg pike, came dashing in, and announced the rapid approach of the enemy. But he had scarcely given us the information when the en- emy appeared a few hundred yards off, coming up at a gallop. At this time our horses were eating; all had their bridles off, and some even their saddles; they were all tied in a barn-yard. Throwing open the gate, I ord~d a counter-charge, to which the men promptly responded. The Yankees, never dreaming of our assuming the offensive, terrified at the yells of the men as they dashed on, broke and fled in every direction. We drove them in confusion 7 or 8 miles down the I)ike. We left on the field 9 of them killed, among them a captain and lieu- tenant, and about 15 too badly wourl(led for removal; in this lot 2 lieu- tenants. We brought ~ff 82 prisoners, many of these also wounded. I have since visited the ~ene of the fight. The enemy sent up a flag of truce for their dead and wounded, but many of them being severely wounded, they established a hospital on the ground. The surgeon who attended them informs me that a great number of those who escaped were wounded. The force of the enemy was six companies of the First Vermont Cavalry, one of their oldest and best regiments, and the prisoners in- form me that they had every available man with them. There were certainly not less than 200; the prisoners say it was more than that. I had about 65 men in this affair. In addition to the prisoners, we took all their arms and about 100 horses and equipments. Privates Hart, Hurst, Keyes, and Davis were wounded. The latter has since died. Both on this and several other occasions they have borne themselves with conspicuous gallantry. In addition to those men- tioned above, I desire to place on record the names of several others, whose promptitude and boldness in closing in with the enemy contrib- nted much to the success of the fight; they are Lieutenant [William H.] Chapman (late of Dixie Artillery), Sergeant Hunter, and Privates Wellington and Harry Hatcher, Turner, Wild, Sowers, Ames, and Sibert. There are many others, I have no doubt, deserving of honorable mention, but the above are only those who came under my personal observation Page 73 Ow. flint) EXPEDITION INTO WEBTMORZLAWD 00., VA. 78 I confess4that on this occasion I had not taken sufficient precautions to guard against surprise. It was 10 [oclock] at night when I reached the place where the tight came off on the succeeding day. We had ridden through now and mud upward of 40 miles, and both men and horses were nearly broken down; besides, the enemy had fallen back a distance of about 18 miles. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. S. MOSBY, Ma~j. Ge. J. E. B. STuART. Oq~s, On.mauJissg. [Indw.emats.J HEADQUARTERS CAVAIZY DIVISION, April 11, 1863. Respectfully forwarded, as in perfect keeping with his other brilliant achievements. Recommended for promotion. J. E. B. STUART, Jfajor.OeneraL HEADQUARTERS Ar or NoRTHnN YIRGUUA,. April 13, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the DepartmenL Tel. egraphic reports already sent in. B. E. LEE, ()egseraL b A1xrUTAN~ AND INSPEGIOR GnnArJS ORiFICE, April 18, 1863. Respectfully submitted to the Secretary of War. H. L. CLAY, Aseistant Adjntant4leneraL APRIL 22, 1863. AD~ruTANT.GEnRAL: Nominate as mqjor if it has not been pre. viously dons. 3. A. & [SEDDOI%J B XflOH 9599, i868.hpulitica from bUs Plain into Westmorelmnd County, Va. Abstract from R~eord of Event., Hearth Brigade, Bird Division, First Army Corp., Brig. (len. Solomon Meredith, U. & Army, coos. sanding. In compliance with orders from General Wadsworth, commanding First Division, an expedition, composed of nearly the available strength of the Second Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers, to wit, 26 commissioned officers and.241 enlisted men, with a squad of 20 cavalry, all under the command of Colonel Fairchild. of the Second Wisconsin7 embarked on board the steamer W~ W. Frasier, at Belle Plain Landing, at 4p. in. of March 25. Steamed don the Potomac about 60 miles, and came to anchor at daylight of the 26th. Disembarked the troops in Weetmoreland County, Virginia. Remained near the place of debarkation about three hours Page 74 74 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [OnAP. XXXVII. to give a chance for the cavalry party to reconnoiter, and then marched 34 miles to Lower Machodoc Creek, where the steamer soon arrived. Remained in that vicinity, seizing and loading on transports such arti- cles of subsistence and forage as could be readily gathered, until the morning of the 28th. The expedition seized and brought back 15 horses and mules, 300 pounds of bacon, 230 bushels of wheat, 25 bushels of oats, 15 bushels o.f beans, 3,000 bushels of corn, 3 pairs of harness, 2 anchors, and 1 chain-cable, which were taken from a rebel schooner found in the creek, which, after being dismantled, was burned. On the morning of the 28th, the cavalry, with 23 infantry volun- teers, started for camp overland, under commaud of Captain [James D.] Wood, assistant adjutant-general, which party arrived on the 29th, bringing 48 confiscated horses and mules. The expedition returned to Belle Plain at 8 p. in. of the 28th after having successfully accomplished its mission without loss or mishap of any kind, bringing, in addition to the above, four citizens ot; and refu- gees from, Richmond Coniity, Virginia; one Everett, a rebel soldier, was accompanied by his wife and child, and another lady and child, a refugee bound north; also about 30 contrabands. MARCH 29, 1863.Affair near Dumfries, Va. IREPORTS. No. 1.Col. Charles Candy, Sixty-sixth Ohio Infantry, commanding brigade. No. 2.Capt. Charles D. Foliett, Eighth New York Cavalry. No. 1. h~cport of Col. Charles Candy, Sixty-sixth Ohio Jvfantry, commanding briqade. DUMFRIES, VA., March 29, 1863. GENERAL: Patrols on Telegraph road attacked by about 100 cavalry, 5 miles from here, since noon. Eight of the patrols missing; supposed to have been captured. One of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry, C. S. Army, surrendered. himself as a deserter. Left the Ilapidan crossing of rail- road, where they are fortilying; have several large guns iii position. It is believed by the men in their army that they will fall back from Rappahannock Bridge and Culpeper to that point. Great many of the Southern troops deserting; no pay, no clothing, and only one-fourth pound of meat per day. I se~id you the story as 1 received it from time man. CHAS. CANDY, Colonel. Commanding Brigade. General II. W. SLOCUM. No. 2. Report of Capt. Charles D. Follett, Eighth New York Cavalry. IIDQRs. PICKETS 01? FIRST CAVALRY BRRIADE, March 29, 18636.30 p. m. SIR I have the honor to submit the inelOse(l hasty and imperfect report of a disaster which has befallen the patrol between Dumfries an Page 75 CHAP. XXXVII.l SKIRMISH AT POINT PL1~ASANT, W. VA. 75 Occoquan, which is all the information I have at present upon the mat- ter. I have directed Captain Follett to send out a few men as scouts to see if they can gain any information, 4nd to let me know at once where and when the attack was made, as I am ignorant of these points, and have but 50 men in camp, 30 of whom have just returned from a long scont. I shall not send out until the a. in., it being dark now. Captain Barry, with 30 men, has just returned, having been out toward and within 6 miles of Brentsville, and thence via Independent Hill to Dum- fries and camp. Will forward you full particulars as soon as they can be obtained in regard to the attack on our patrol. If yon have been over our present picket and patrol line you will appreciate the difficulty of protecting ourselves and the almost impossibility of preventing passage through our lines by dismounted men. Respectfully, your obedient servant, E. M. POPE, Major Eighth New York Cavalry, Commanding Pickets. Lient. E. B. PARSONS, Acting Assistant Adjutant GeneraL, [Inclosure.] MAIiCH 29, 1863. SIR: Things have turned out as I expected. My lieutenant and 11 out of 17 men are gone. They were attacke(l by, as near as I can learn, 100 of the enemy, in a place where there was no chance except for at- tack. Six have got back. Will you j)lease sen(l me orders ~ It would be folly for me to chase them with my few men. Yours, truly, C. D. FOLLETT, Captain. Major POPE. ~IARCH 30, 1863.Skirmish at Point Pleasant, W. Va. IRIE1?OT~TS. No. 1.Maj. Gen. Robert C. Scheuck, U. S. Army, commanding Middle Military De- No. 2.Brig. Gen. Jacob D. Cox, U. S. Army. No.1. Reports of Maj. Gen. Robert C. Schenek, U. S. Army, commanding Mid. die Military Department. BALTIMORE, Mm, March 30, 18638.45 p. in. Telegram from General Cox, at Marietta, informs that the enemy has taken Point Pleasant. His last telegram, (lated 2 p. in., says: The company at Point Pleasant was, at 11 a. in., still in the conrt-honse, and hoped to hold it till night. I have directed the commander at Gallipolis to raise volunteers of the citizens there, and endeavor to relieve the garrison. have also a boat to go down from Gallipolis for a regiment, Fifth Virginia, lately at Ceredo, and bring it, nnless it has its hands fnhl there. I have also telegraphed Gcneral Bnrnside to send some aid from below, if possible. I have warned Kelley and all in northwestern Vir- ginia. Am still confident Scarninon will be able to hold his position in the upper valley, and detach fiwce enough to reopen his coainnniication Page 76 76 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND. PA. [ChAP. XXXVIL I have instructed General Kelley to look to the west, on the railroad, in anticipation of the rebels pushing farther north; also to co-operate with an(l sul)port General Roberts, who will concentrate his forces, now I)rincipally at Beverly, Buckhaniion, and I3nlltown, as far as practicable on some point farther westward. I think the movement is a raid that must necessarily come and go soon. What we most feel the imeed of to meet it, is cavalry. iL C. SCHENUK, Maj. Gcn. II. W. HALLECK, Major- General. General-in- Chief. BALTIMORE M March 31, 186312.30 a. m. Governor Peirpoint telegraphs from Point Pleasant: We are fighting, and trying to retake the place. We are driving them. General Cox telegraphs from Point Pleasant at 5 p. m~ says rebels were repnlsed and have retired. No further l)articlllars. I hope that part of ~ force is within reach of them also from above. R. C. SC H ENCK, Maj. Gen. Ii. W. HALLECK, Major-General. General-in- Chief. BALTIMORE, MD., April 4, 1863. I have now, throngh Brigadier-General Scanimon, Captain [John 1).] Carters acconnt of the Point Pleasant afhtir.* Captain Carter had 60 men. lie reports 2 killed, 3 wounded, an(l 6 taken prisoners, making onr total loss 11. The rebels lost, in killed, wonnde(l, and prisoners, 72, and so their raid, with their largely superior numbers, was hand- somely rel)nlsed. Under the orders given by General Scammon, I hope to h ear that the enemy has been intercepted, and sometl~ng more than hurried in his retreat. II. C. SCIIENCK, Maj. Gen. ~. W HALLECK, Major-General, Commanding. General-in- Chief. No. 2. Report8 of Brig. Gen. Jacob I). Cox, U. S. Army. MARIETTA, OHIo, March 30, 1863. The news of last night from the Lower Kanaxvha is that the rebel cavalry, estimated at 400, ha(l tenll)orarily cut the communication with General Scamrnoii. If the telegraph line fi-oun Clarksburg to Gauley is working, you will, no (lonbt, hear from luiiui by that route, as I (10 not * Not foond Page 77 ChAP. XXXVII.] SKIRMISH NEAR MOUTH OF BROAD RUN, VA. 77 think the rebels will cross the Kanawlia for lack of force and of boats. I have ordered the commandant of post at Point Pleasant to send a de- tachinent to reconnoiter and reopen commnnicatiou with Scainmon, if possible. There are about 250 men in post at Point Pleasant. General Scammon was taking steps to protect his communication day before~ yesterday, and, unless the rebels are much greater than reported, will take care of them without withdrawing much froni the Upper Kanawlia. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. Lieutenant-Colonel CHESEBROUGH. MARIETTA, OHIO, March 30, 1863. The force at Points Pleasant is weaker than I supposed. General Scamnion had ordered most of it to sustain the post at Hurricane Bridge, an(l only one coiripany is left there. I have ordered steps taken to move all stores to Gallipolis. If any of General il3nrnsides troops are pass- lug through, It wonid be well to detain a few en route at mouth ol Ka- nawha a day or two. J.D. COX, Brigadier General. Lieutenant-Colonel CHESEBROUGH. APRIL 1, 1863.Skirmish near the mouth of Broad Run, Loudoun County, Va. L~iEPORTS. No. l.Maj. Gen. Julius Stahel, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division, Depart- merit of Washington. No. 2.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of Northern Virginia. No. 1. Report of Maj. Gen. Julius Sto~hel, U S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division, Department of Washington. HEADQUARTERS STAHELS CAVALRY DIVISION, Fai4ax Court House, Va., April 2, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report, which is, however, made up from verbal information received froiyi Colonel Price, Lieutenant-Colonel Johnstoue, and Major Taggart. I will forward the written report as soon as it is received, and shall take all possible means to ascertain the true state of the ease. It appears that ou the evening of the 31st ultimo, Major Taggart, at Union Church, 2 miles above Peach Grove, received information that Mosby, with about 65 men, was near Dranesville. He immediately dis- patched Captain Flint, with 150 men of the First Vermont, to rout or capture Mosby and his force. Captain Flint followed the Leesburg and Alexandria road to the road which branches off to the right, just this side of Broad Run. Turning to the right, they followed up the Broad Run toward the Potomac, to Page 78 78 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. LCHAL. XXXVII. place marked J. Mesed. Here, at a house, they came on to Mosby, who was completely surprised and wholly unprepared for an attack from our forces. Had a proper disposition been made of our troops, Mosby could not by any possiiAe means have escaped. It seems that around this house was a high board fence and a stone wall, between which and the road was also another fence and ordinary farm gate. Captain Flint took his men through the gate, and, at a distance from the house, fired a volley at Mosby arid his men, who were assembled about the house, doing but slight damage to them. Tie then ordered a saber charge, which was also ineffectual on account of the fence which intervened. Mosby waited until the men were checked by the fence, and then opened his fire upon them, killing and wounding several. The men here be- came panic-stricken, and fled precipitately toward this gate, through which to make their escape. The opening was small, and they got wedged together, and a fearful state of confusion followed, while Mosbys men followed them up and poured into the crowd a severe fire. Here, while endeavoring to rally his men, Captain Flint was killed and Lieu- tenant Grout, of the same company, mortally wounded (will probably die to~day).* Mosbys men followed in pursuit and sabered several of our men on the road. Mosby, during his pursuit, is supposed to have re- ceived a saber wound across the face, which unhorsed him. The rebels took some prisoners and a number of horses and fell back in great haste. In comparison to the number engaged, our loss was very heavy. As soon as Major Taggart received the report, he sent Major Hall in l)ursuit of Mosby, and to bring in our killed and wounded. Upon re- ceiving the first intelligence, I immediately sent out Colonel Price, with a detachment of the Sixth and Seventh Michigan and First Virginia Cavalry, who searched in every direction, but no trace could be found of Mosby or his men, as information reached me too late. I regret to be obliged to inform the commanding general that the forces sent out by Major Taggart missed so good an opportunity of cap- turing this rebel guerrilla. It is only to be ascribed to the bad manage- ment on the part of the officers and the cowardice of the men. I have ordered Colonel Price to make a thorough investigation of this matter, and shall recommend those officers who are guilty to be stricken from the rolls. The list of killed and wounded will be forwarded as soon as received. I have the honor to remain, your obedient servant, JUL. STAIIIEL, ]Jitajor- General. Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Commanding, & e. No. 2. l(j)ort of General Robert F. Lee, C. ~. Army, commanding Army of Northern Virginia. HEADQUARTERS, Camp Freds, April 4, 1863. Mn. PRESIDENT: Maj. John S. Mosby reportst that he was attacked early on the mornin~ of the 2d [1st] instant, near I)ranesville, by about Captain Flint and Lient. Charles A. Woodbnry were the officers killed. Lieut. Josiah (front, jr., was discharged (as captain) October 1, 1863. Sec skirmish on the Little River Turnpike, & c., March 23, p. 70 Page 79 CHAP. XXXVII.] EXPEDITION PROM CAMP PIATT, W. VA. 79 200 Vermont cavalry. He promptly repulsed them, leaving on the field 25 killed and wounded, including 3 officers, and brought off 82 prison- ers, with their horses, arms, and equipments. His force consisted of 65 men, and his loss was 4 wounded. The enemy has evacuated Dranesyille. I bad the pleasure to send by return courier to Major Mosby his commission of major of Partisan hangers, for which I am obliged to Your Excellency. I am, with great respect, your obedient servant, H. E. LEE, General. His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS, President Confederate States of America, Richmond, Va. APRIL 36, 1863.Expedition from Camp Piatt through Logan and Cabell Counties, W. Va., and skirmish (5th) at Mud River. Report of Capt. David Dove, Second West Virginia Cavalry. CAMP PIATT, W. VA., April 7, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to make the following report of the result of my late expedition through the counties of Logan and Cabell: In obedience to your orders, I marched on the evening of the 3d instant with detachments of Companies A D E F G H I, and K, in all 6 commissioned officers and 135 enlisted men, from Camp Piatt to Red House, on Coal [~iver, where I arrived at 12 oclock, and encamped for the remainder of the night, resuming the march at 4 oclock on the morning of the 4th, and arrived at Chapmanville, on Onyandotte River, at Ii a. in. Here we captured 1 captain and 2 privates, stragglers from [A. G.] Jenkins command. After resting for two hours, I started down the river, with the expectation of meeting Jenkins, learning that he had not passed up, picking up 1 or 2 men every few miles, but could ascer- tain nothing definite as to his whereabouts until arriving at the mouth of hart Creek. 12 miles below Chapmanville. I learned that Jenkins had left the river at this point and marched toward Big Sandy River, and as he had some fifteen hours the start of me, and the river was not fordable at any point near, I thought it unadvisable to pursue him, but continued down the river until 6 oclock, when I made a halt at the mouth of Ugly Creek, remaining here until 2 oclock on the morning of the ~th, and again started down the river. On arriving at the falls, I learned that a part of [James W.] Sweeneys battalion, commanded by Captain [P. M.j Carpenter, had encamped the night before 4 miles below. 1 finmediately started in pursuit of him, and, upon arriving where he had encamped, I learned that he had marched in the direction of Mud River, leaving the Guyandotte road. Not having a guide, I had to follow his trail through one of the wildest sections of country in Western Virginia. About 3 oclock I struck the Mud River road and traveled up it 1 mile to where the trail again left the road, and crossed the river and ascended a very steep and rough hill, covered by a thick woods. When the advance was about half way down the hill, on the opposite side, it came upon the enemy iu a very deep ravine, into which it was almost iml)ossible to force the horses. After a sharp skirmish, we drove the Page 80 80 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. from their positiou, when a very exciting and hazardous chase ensued, the enemy scattering in every direction. During the engagement the enemy lost 1 man killed and 15 prisoners, 15 horses, and 50 stand of arms, which we destroyed. After resting an hour, 1 started for Ilurri- cane Bridge, arriving there at 8 oclock, and remained there during the night. From thence marched, on the 6th, to Camp Piatt, leaving the pris- oriers at Charleston, for whom you will herein find a receipt.* The result of the expedition was: Killed, 1; captured, 3 commissioned officers and 31 enlisted men and 30 horses, and destroyed between 75 and 100 stand of arms. No one hurt on oar side. I cannot close this r~ort without saying that all the officers and men acted nobly. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, D. DOVE, Captain Second West Virginia Cavalry, Commanding ik~pedition. Col. J. C. PNXTON, Commanding Second Regiment West Virginia Cavalry. APRIL 36, 1863.Scout from Fairfax Court House to Niddleburg, Va. Report of Maj. Gen. Julius Stahel, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry, Department of Washington. HDQR5. STAHELS CAY. Div., DEPT. OF WASHINGTON, Fairfttx Court-Jlonse, April 11, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report with regard to the reconnais- sance under command of Brig. Gen. J. F. Copeland, which left this place on the 3d day of April, and returned here early on the morning of the 6th instant, that it proceeded as far as Middleburg, and searched diligently through that whole section of country without meeting any enemy in force, or ascertaining definitely the whereabouts of Mosby. Small detachinents of rebels, however, were occasionally seen, but scattered on the approach of our troops. On the 4th instant, early in the morning, in front of Middleburg, a collision occurred between one of his pickets and some of the enemys, resulting in the death of one and the wounding of another on each side. During the expedition there were captured and arrested 61 prisoners, citizens and soldiers, 53 horses, 2 mules, a quantity of wheat, 3 wagons, saddles, bridles, guns, sabers, & c., all of which were turned over to the provost-marshal of this place, anti by him to Colonel [Lafayette C.] Baker, Washington, a copy of whose receipt is inclosed within.* I have time honor to remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JUL. STAHEL, Major- General. Maj. Gen. S. P. IIEINTZELMAN, Commanding, & c. Not found Page 81 Cl-lAP. X~XV1[.] SKi1~MISllEs NEAR BURLiNGTON, W. VA., ETC. 81 APRIL 67, 1863.Skirrnislies near Burlington, and at Furgitsville and Goings Ford, W. Va. REPOI~TS. No. iBrig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, Eighth Army Corps. No. ~.-Col. Jacob NI. Campbell, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Infantry, coniniaiidiug Fourth Brigade. No. 1. Report of. Brig. Gem. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. AS1. Army, commanding First Division, Eighth Army Corps. HARPERS FERRY, VA., April 13, 1863. COLONEL: I herewith inclose you copy of Col. J. 1XKL. Campbells report of skirmish in Hampshire County, Virginia. You will perceive that the trouble was caused, as usual, by carelessness or disobedience of or- (lers of a foraging party. I trust more care will be taken iii future by this command to avoid a repetition of this affair. Colonels Campbell and Mulligan have been ordered to keep a sharp lookout for Imbodens force in the valley of the South Branch, and, if they come within their reach, to attack them at once and capture or disperse them. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. F. KELLEY, Licut. Col. W. H. CIIESEBROUGH, Brigadier- General. Assistant Adjutant- General, Baltimore, Md. No. 2. Report of Gol. Jacob M. Campbell, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Injantry, commanding Fourth Brigade. MECHANJCSBURG GAP, April 8, 1863. CAPTAIN: Upon learning that on the morning of the 6th instant a foraging party of the Riuggold Battalion, with a squad of 40 men, nnder command of Lieutenant Speer, of the Lafayette Cavalr had started out, I immediately ordered beutenant Myers, with 50 men, to re-enforce the guard, but before Lieutenant Myers came up, Lieuten- ant Speer was attacked near Burlington by a largely superior force of rebel cavalry, nnder Captain [John 11.1 MeNeill, who succeeded in cap- turing Lieutenant Speer, with 11 of his men and 5 teams. Learning that Speer had been attacked, I promptly dispatched all my available cavalry, nnder command of Captain Work, out on the Moorefield road, followed by 400 of the Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers and 200 of the First Virginia Volunteer Infantry, and one section of the Upshnr Battery, Captain Moore, all under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Lin- ton, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Near Purgitsville, about 15 miles from this I)ost, Captain Work met 6 R RVOL XXV, PT I Page 82 N. VA., W. VA., MD .,AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII Lieutenant Myers, falling back before a force of about 300 of the ene- mys cavalry, who were ral)idly advancing. Captain Work concealed the main body of his men off from, but near, the roa(1, and as they a(1- vauced along the road charged upon them, throwing them in confusion, killing 3, capturing 3, and wounding 14. Three of our meii were wounded, but not dangerously, in the gallant charge, the enemy being fully two to one of our men. The rebels beat a hasty retreat in the direction of Moorefield. The infantry and artillery came up as rapidly as l)ossible, but the rebels were in full retreat before they arrived, and it being by this time quite dark, the whole force encamped for the night. At daybreak the next morning the command started towar(l Moore- field. A short distance beyond Goings Ford they toun(I about 200 of the enemy encamped on the opposite side of the river, but at a point where i~ could not be forded. Captain Moore immediately brought np his section, and sent a few well-directed shells into their camp, causing the rebels to leave preci~)itately, leaving behind in their flight a quan- tity of stores, grain, and forage, with the wagons they had captured from Lieutenant Speer. A small force of the cavalry and 150 infantry crossed the river, the in- fantry crossing in small boats, an(l totally destroyed the rebel camp with all their stores, and the wagons. which they could not bring off. As the infantry could not be made available in a farther pursuit of the enemy, and it not being deemed prudent to go Thxther with the cav- alry alone, the whole corumnand returned to camp, where they arrived duriug the same night. Our loss is as follows: In the affair at Burlington we lost 1 lieuten- ant and it men captured, 5 wagons (which were subsequently recap- tured and burned by ns), and 25 horses. At Purgitsville we had 3 men wounded. The enemy lost at Pnrgitsville: Killed, 3; wounded, 14; captured, 1 officer and 2 men and 4 horses. It is to he regretted that Captain Work in command of our cavalry, did not permit the enemy to pass him when in 1)ur~uit of Lieutenant Myers, so as to place the enemimy between him an(l tha infantry, which was rapidly coming up, and within less than 2 miles of him at the time. Had Captain Work restrained his men for a short time, the whole rebel force would have been captured, as escape would have been impossible. It is due Captain Work, however, to say that he alleges his men charged on the enemy without his orders, he being unable to restrain them. And in this connection I feel it due myself to say that the foraging party under Lieutenant Speer left camp with- out my knowledge, ai~d, in direct violation of a standing order, divided his force, and hence he, with part of his men, fell an easy prey to the enemy. I have information, which I deem reliable, that the rebels, about 800 strong, SOt) cavalry and 300 infantry, are now enCamped about 15 miles above Moorefield, on the south fork of the South Branch. Time force that camne in contact with us was composed of two compa- nies of the Seventh, two comnpanies of the Eleventh Virginia Cavalry, three companies of Imbodens force, and McNeills command. I ama, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. M. CAMPBELL, Colonel, Commanding Fourth Brigade. Capt. T. MELVIN, Assistant Adjutant- General, Harpers Ferry Page 83 CHAP. XXXVJI.] OPERATIONS AT RAPPAHANNOCK BRIDGE, ETC. 83 APRIL 1118, 1863.Scout from Beverly to Franklin, W. Va. Report of Gol. George R. Latham, & cond West T7irginict Infantry. BEVERLY, [W. VA.,] April 18, 1863. CAPTAIN: The expedition which went tOwar(1 Franklin has returned. They took Franklin by surprise, and penetrated 5 miles beyond, but found no enemy; 5 prisoners were I)rought in, whom I forward this morning. We had 2 men wounded, 1 of whoni was a member of the Swampers Home Guards from Seneca. Will forward written report as soon as prepared. G. 11. LATHAMI. JOSEPH McC. BELL, Captain and Assistant Adjutant. General. APRIL 1415, 1863.Operations at Rappahannock Bridge, and at Kellys, Welfords, and Beverly Fords, Va. I~EPOSRTS. No. 1.First Lient. Samuel S. Elder, First U. S. Artillery, commanding Battery E, Fourth U. S. Artillery, of operations at Kellys Ford. No. 2.First Lient. Robert Clarke, Second U. S. Artillery, of operations at Rappa- hannoek Bridge. No. 3.Brig. Gen. XV. II. F. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade, Stuarts Division, Army of Northern Virginia. No. 4.Capt. J. W. Strange, Second North Carolina Cavalry. No. 5.Col. R. L. T. Beale, Ninth Virginia Cavalry. No. 6.Col. John R. Chambliss, Jr., Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry. No. 7.Capt. Marcelins N. Moornian, Stnart Horse Artillery. No. 8.Lient. C. E. Ford~ Stuart Hone Artillery. No. 1. Report of First Lieut. Samuel S. Elder, First U. S. Artillery, command. tug Battery F, Fourth U. S. Artillery, of operations at Kellys Ford. liESERVE BRIGADE, 1~EGULAR CAVALRY, Camp near Bealeton, Va., April 19, 1863. SIR: I have the hoiior to report that after having, in compliance with your instructions at llartwood Church on the 13th instant, reported to General Buford, commanding lieserve Brigade, regular cavalry, I proceeded with the battery to Morrisyille the same day, and encamped wil h his command. On the morning of the 14th, I proceeded with the brigade to Kellys Ford, taking with me only the pieces. Some time after our arrival at the ford, the enemy opened sharply on the cavalry from two field pieces (rifled), on an elevation on the opposite side of the river, at a distance of about 2,000 yards. I immediately placed my guns in battery at a point indicated by the general commanding, and in less than ten Inin- utes silenced the enemys fire and drove him from the field. The pro. jectile used was chiefly Schenkl I)ercussion shell, hnd worked excel- lently Page 84 84 N. VA., W. VA., Ml)., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. I cannot speak too higlily of the maimer in which my chiefs of sections, Second Lient. John Egan, First Artillery, and Second Lient. W. W. Williams, Fifth Artillery, discharged their duties, firing very deliber- ately and with wonderful accuracy. The non-commissioned officers and privates of the battery, each and every one, performed his whole duty with gallantry and coolness. I expended in the engagement 12 rounds of ammunition, 10 Schenki percussion shells, and 2 ilotelikiss time fuse-shells. The eneniy did not again open, and in the evening the battery returned to Morrisville. On the morning of the 15th, the battery marched to Fappahannock Station, and remained in camp at that point until the 18th, when it marched with the brigade to its present encampment. I take pleasure in adding that I have no casualties to report. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant SAME. S. ELDER, First. Lieut. First Art~, Comndg. horse Bat. B, Fourth Artillery. Caj)t. JAMES M. ROBERTSON, Commanding First Brigade, Horse Artillery. No. 2. Report of First Lient. Robert Clarke, Second U. S. Artillery, of opera- lions at Rappaltannocic Bridge. CAMP NEAR RAPPAHANNOCK STATION, April 18, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that on arriving at Bealeton Station, on the 14th instant, I was ordered by you to report with my battery to General Gregg. Upon arriving at or near his headquarters, I was ordered to detach a section and send it forward to the railroad bridge which crosses the iRappahannock River, and engage the enemy, who were posted on the range of hills on the opposite side of the river, amid who also occupied a block-house near the bridge, from which they were constantly annoying our skirmishers. I took my position in rear of an old earthwork, and about 300 yards from the block-house. While placing my pieces in position, the enemy opened with two pieces of ar- tillery from my right and front, about 1,500 yards distant; also with two from mny left and front, thus having a concentrated fire, which was very precise and rapid. I was ordered to drive them from their posi- tioi, if possible, and, if not successfnl in that, to do the best I could, and to protect the troops of Colonel Kilpatrick. I succeeded in sileuc- Pig all their guns, as well as in driving themn from the block-house before mentioned. I fired in nIl 78 rounds; the Schenkl percussion in all cases having the desired effect, but the Schenkl combination I:uise worked imperfectly. First Lieutenant Woodruff having charge of the right piece and I the left, we were very particular to see that the fuse was properly i)rel)aied, but from some unknown cause there were several premature explosions, amid out of every five but three could be relied upon to burst. My loss was 2 horses wounded, 1 severely. Lieutenant Woodruff comiducted himnself in the most commendable manner; also the mneu. I was engaged about one hour and a half Uaving received orders, I withdrew my section and r~joined the r Page 85 OflAr. XXXVTh3 OPERATIONS AT RAPPAIIANNocjC BRIDGE, ETC. 85 maining two sections of my battery, then in park and about 2 miles to the rear, near the headquarters of General Gregg. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, HOBT. CLARKE, First Lieutenant Second Artillery, Commanding Light Company M. No. 3. Report of Brig. Gem W. H. F. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade, Stuarts division, Ar my of Northern Virginia. HEADQUARTERS LEES CAVALRY BRIGADE, Near Culpeper Court-louse, Va., April 17, 1863. MAJOR: I have the honor, agreeably to instructions from division head- qnarters, to forward a report of the operations of my brigade ou the 14th and 15th instant. I)uring the night of the 13th, I received information from Lieutenant [Alex. Th] Payne, commanding Black Horse scout, that the enemys ca~valry and artillery, in heavy force, were moving up from Fredericks- burg, in the direction of Kellys Ford. I immediately sent Captain [S.] Bolling, Company G, Ninth Virginia Cavalry, with his company of sharpshooters, to reenforce the picket at that place. He arrived before day, and placed his men in the rifle-pits. About day he reports that, with a regiment dismounted as sharpshooters lining the banks, the enemys cavalry made a dash at the ford. They dashed back at the first volley from our sharpshooters. Captain Bollings command con- sisted of about 150 men. During the morning of the 14th, they forced their way across the river at Itappahannock Station, the sharpshooters posted to protect the bridge giving way and leaving the rifle-pits exposed to a flank fire. Gi the ap- pearance of re-enforcements, they immediately recrossed, and the horse Artillery, superintended by Major [II. F.] Beckham, engaged the enemys batteries. Firing was kept up by the artillery and sharpshooters most of the day. - On the 15th, their cavalry forced a crossing at Welfords Ford, driving the few pickets off, and made a dash at Lieutenant-Colonel [M.J Lewis, at Beverly Ford, driving him away. As soon as the brigade could be brought forward, I proceeded at once to Beverly Ford, and, with Colonel Chambliss Thirteenth Regiment Virginia Cavalry, drove their rear guard, consisting of about two squadrons, into the river, drowning a number of them, capturing 14 prisoners, horses, & c. I cannot-speak too highly of Colonel Chambliss and his command. He had with him only about one good squadron. Lieutenant [J. V.] Nash, adjutant of Thirteenth Regiment, and Private Freeman, the colo~ ne2s orderly, were conspicuous for their gallantry. The regiment charged through a creek, the water up to their saddle-skirts. Coloiiel Beale had crossed with the head of his regiment, but was recalled. He captured 1 lieutenant and 10 privates and horses. Major Beckham, with his artillery, rendered valuable aid, and he and his officers deserve much I)raise for the admirable manner in which their guns were served. In closing this, Ii take pleasure in making special mention of Captain Boiling. His conduct on this, as on all former occasions in battle, was marked for coolness and gallantry Page 86 86 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. rCHAP. XXXVII. I have the honor herewith to transmit reports from the commandants of the respective regiments and batteries; also to append a summary of the casualties and captures of the two days. CASUALTIES. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Prisoners. Horses. Command. ,L 3 5 . .~ .~ a a a a a a c~ ~ ,~ 3~ 0 3~ Q ~ a 13 ~ 13 ~ 13 ~ 0 P~ 0 P~ 0 P~ 0 P~ ~ ~ 0 Staff* .-..-~ 1 . 9th Virginia. ... 1 ti 2 1 12 13th Virginia ti 1 ti .. . 3 1 2d NorthCarolina..~ ::~: K::,. 4 Total 1 1 1 2 4 5 3 32 NOTEReferring to the horses captured from my command, I have to say that, owing to the small- ness of my force (two re~iments heing detached), my picket at Welfords Ford was small. When the enemy dashed upon Colonel Lewis, they were separated some distance from their horses, and, heing partially surprised, they had to make their escape without their horses, as they were in great danger of themselves heing captured. Captured [from the enemy].By Ninth Virginia Cavalry, 1 lieutenant and 10 privates. By Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry, 14 privates, 16 horses and equipments. It is needless to state that the major-general of cavalry was on the field most of the time, and that his presence gave confidence and sta- bility to the command. I have the honor to remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. H. F. LEE, Brigadier- General, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. Maj. R. CHANNING PRICE, Assistant Adjutant- General, Division Headquarters. [Indorsement No. 1.] HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION., April 20, 1863. Respectfully forwarded. The conduct of Brig. Gen. W. H. F. Lee, his untiring zeal, ceaseless vigilance, and intrepidity, united to fine mili- tary judgment displayed in his disposition, deserves tile sp& ~cial com- mendation of the commanding general. His brigade was for days con- fronted with two divisions of the enemys cavalry. His report will show how small his force was. Colonel [J. 11.] Chambliss, jr., and Colonel Beale and Adjutant Nash, as well as the gallant men who followed their heroic lea(l, deserve the highest praise for their distinguished bravery under circumstances of great personal peril. A notice of the conduct of my staff is appended. J. E. B. STUART, Major- General, Commanding. Assistant Adj utaut-Generals horses leg broken. Private missing, supposed to be a prisoner. t Lieutenant LW. T.] Gary, of the Thirteenth, slightly wounded. ~ Not found Page 87 CHAP. XXXVII.] OPERATIO~4S AT RAPPAIIANNOCR BRIDGE, ETC. 87 [Indorsoment No. 2.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, April 22, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the Department, con- curring in the commendation of the men and officers by General Stuart. 11. B. LEE, General. No. 4. Report of Capt. J. TV. Strange, Second North Carolina Cavalry. NEAR BRANDY STATION, VA., April 16, 1863. GENERAL: In obedience to orders, I have the honor to report that during the operations of the brigade on the 14th instant my command, consisting of 116 mounted men, was held as a l)rotection to the Whit- worth gun stationed on the road about a mile beyond Brandy Station, where we remained withont any active (luty until relieved by your order about 7 p. in., and returned to camp. On the morning of the 15th instant, 20 men, under command of Lieu- tenant Joseph Baker, Company D, were detached. and sent to the block- house at Rappahannock Bridge to Protect it, and I with the rest of my command were held as a protection to two guns of Captain Moormans battery, stationed near the bridge. These dispositions remained un- changed nntil about 2 p. in., when I received orders to procee(l,in com- pany with Captain Moormans guns, to Beverly Ford, and there protect them in their operations against the enemy. We saw no active duty during the skirmish, and after the enemy were repulsed retnrned with the brigade to our present camp. During these two days the dismounted men (143 rank and file) that had been distributed at the different fords as sharpshooters had several encounters with the enemy. Those sta- tioned at Welfords Ford, under command of Lieutenant [W. A.] Luckey, Company l~, were driven off and Privates Robert H. Suinrow, Company B; A. D. Clark, Company D; J. Ii. Ray, Company A; John Kelly, Corn- pany A, were captured. These were the only casualties that occurred in my regiment. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. W. STRANGE, Captain Company D, CommandPmg Regiment. General W. H. F. LEE, Commanding Cavalry Brigade. No. 5. Report of Cot. R. L. T. Beale, Ninth Virginia Cavalry. APRIL 11, 1863. I submit report of the pait taken by this command in the skirmishing on the Rappahannock on the 14th and 15th instant, together with cas- nalties and captures. On the 14th, one company, under command of Capt. Stith Bolling, held the ford at Kellys Mills, and repulsed with some loss to the enemy an attemnl)t to cross with a force of two or more regiments. Another company, under immediate colnmall(1 of Capt. John ~AT. Jiungerford, nuder Lieutenant-Colonel [M.J Lewis, held the ford at Beverly Mills Page 88 88 Th VA., W. VA., MD., ANI) PA. ICITAP. XXI~VIL The balance were engaged in watching the enemy at Rappahannock Bridge and reestablishing the pickets driven out in the morning. On the 15th, the enemy having crossed in large force at a ford above, flanked that portion of the command nnder Lientenant-Colonel Lewis, and came down upon them by surprise. The coolness and admirable maneuvering of Lieutenant-Colonel Lewis and Lient. G. W. Beale, in command of sharpshooters (dismounted), alone saved this little band. By boldly charging the advance, the dismounted men were snccessfully extricated from a position of great danger. The whole command in the evening supported Colonel [J. li.] Chambliss fjr.] in a charge upon the retreating foe. We captured 1 first lieutenant of the Third Indiana Cavalry, also 10 privates, 10 horses, 10 carbines, and 7 pistols. Onr casualties werei private, Company A, killed; 1 private, Company K, missing (supposed to be captured); 2 horses killed and 1 wounded, and 12 horses captured. The conduct of officers and men merits the highest commendation. It. L. T. BEALE, Brig. Gen. W. ~. F. LEE. Colonel, (Jominanding. No. 6. Report of Col. John R. Chambliss, Jr., Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry. APRIL 17, 1863. CAPTAIN: In obedience to instructions, I have the honor to report the operations of my regiment with the eneujy on the 14th and 15th instant. On the 14th, under the direction of the general commanding brigade my regiment was posted at Kellys Ford, supporting sharpshooters in the rifle-pits, Lieutenant [W. T.] Gary, Company D, having been previously sent to the Rapp hannock IBridge with 20 sharpshooters, to take posi- tion in the rifle-pits. During the day he had been driven out of his position, and I called upon him for an explanation. He states that the block-house was occupied by a few men of another regiment, posted to prevent the crossing of the bridge, [who] allowed the enemy to come over with& ut firing a shot, and thereby exposed his flank; that he was fired into from that diregtion while a body of the enemys mounted men were attempting to cross the ford. These he gave a volley and retired, on account of what has just been stated. He left the pits with his men, but soon, however, took position in the block-house, under sharp fire of the enemy. Lieutenant Gary was wounded. No other casualties occurred during the day. On the 15th, I received orders, and moved with my command toward Welfords Ford, as the enemy was reported to have crossed in large force. Owing to heavy details, I had only 50 men in camp, and came upon the rear guard of the enemy near Beverly Ford, where we charged them an(1 drove them pell-mell into the river, captnring 14 prisoners, and drowning everal. The only casualties were 1 man wounded and 1 missing. All the men and officers behaved well, amid charged under heavy fir~i through a rocky and swollen stream. It is useless to say more, as this occurred under the immediate eyes of the general, but I cannot close this report without mentioning the energy and cool bravery displayed by my (Ijutant (Lieutenant [J. V.] Nash) on the occasion alluded to. I am, captain, your obedient servant, JNO. H. CHAMBLISS, JR., Colonel Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry. Capt. W. T. ROBINS, Assistant A djntant- General Page 89 CHAP. XXXVII.] OPERATIONS AT PLAPPAITANNOCK BRiDGE, ETC. No. 7. Report of Capt. ]Iliarcellus N. ]klioorman, Stuart Horse Artillery. APRIL 16, 1863. SIR: Pursuant to order, I have the honor to make the following re- port of the part taken by my battery (luring the engagement of the 14th and 15th: Upon the 14th my battery moved from camp near brigade headquar- ters, following the Ninth Cavalry. Upon reaching a high hill some i~ miles below Brandy Station, I was ordered by Major [Ii. F.] Beckhain to send one piece (rifled) forward to Kellys Ford, where, under the com- mand of Lieutenant [J. J.] Shoemaker, it fired repeatedly upon the enemy across the river, with what effect not ascertained. The remain- der of my battery (two guns) I moved, by order of General Stuart, to Rappahannock Bridge, and there opened fire, dispersing different squads of the enemy. During the afternoon a section of the enemys guns were put in position behind earthworks, and engaged my guns for probably forty minutes, and then retired. I am happy to report no casualties during the day. On the 15th, my battery was again called out and held in position near the old church, upon the road (I believe to Beverly Ford). From thence it returned to camp, not l)e~ng called upon. liesp~~etfally submitted. M. N. MOOIRI~IAN, Captain, Commanding Battery, Stuart Horse Artillery. Brig. Gen. W. U. F. LEE. No. 8. Report of Jiieut. C. E. Ford, Stuart horse Artillery. CAMP NEAR CULPEPER CouRT-HousE, VA., April 16, 1863. CAPTAIN: I was ordered on the morning of the 14th to move a section of my battery near iRappahannock Bridge. Lieutenant [J. Wilmer] Browns section, consisting of a Napoleon and a Blakely rifled gun, went. We took position with the Blakely about three-quarters of a mile from the river, and shelled the enemys sharpshooters, who had occupied the hills oJ)posite. After dispersing them, I moved the section on the hill imme- diately overlooking the river, 4nd there exchanged shots for about half an hour with a section of the enemys artillery, which was well protected by a redoubt. We sustained no injuly. I am not certain whether we punished our opponents or not. The redo~ibt was struck repeatedly. About 12 oclock the next day (15th) was ordered hurriedly to Wel- fords Ford, in the midst of a drenching rain. Arrived there, sharp- shooters were again dispersed. We returned to camp this morning, having expended about 100 rounds of amnmnitk~n. and having no casualty to report. Lieutenant [Robert P.] Burwell was with us also. Officers and men behaved well; and notwithstanding the rain was calculated to produce discontent, nothing of the kind was manifested. I remain, your obedient servant, C. E. FORD, Lieutenant Stuart Horse Artillery. Capt. W. T. ROBINS, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 90 90 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXVII. APRIL 18, 1863.Affair near Johnstown, Harrison County, W. Va. Report of Col. Nathan Wilkinson, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, com manding brigade. CLARKSBURG, [W. VA.,] April 19, 1863. GENERAL: We captured rebel Major [Thomas D.] Armesy last night about Johnstown. Our force was too small to follow up others, who are hid on headwaters of Hackers Creek. If you could send a squad there, and get Jacob Stancher for a guide, some of them might be caught. N. WILKINSON, Colonel, Commanding Brigade. Brig. Gen. B. S. TIOBERTS, Buck- hannon. APRIL 20, 1863.Reconnaissance from Winchester toward Wardensville and Strasburg, Va., and skirmish. Extract from Record of Events,~~* First Brigade, Second Division, Eighth Army Corps. April 2O.-~---Brig. Gen. W. L. Elliott, with the First Brigade and a detachment of the Second Brigade, Second Division, made a reconnais- sance toward Wardensville and Strasburg, and had a brisk skirmish with the rebels, losing 7 killed, 6 wounded, and 14 prisoners. APRIL 20MAY 14, 1863.Imbodens Expedition into West Virginia, in- cluding skirmishes (April 24) at Beverly, (May 5) Janelew, and (May 12) near Summerville. No. 1.Brig. Gen. Benjamin S. Roberts, IT. S. Army, of operations April 24May 5. No. 2.Col. George R. Latharn, Second West Virginia Infantry, of skirmish at Beverly. No. 3.Lient. Col. John J. Poisley, Eighth West Virginia Infantry, of operations April 2426. No. 4.Capt. Frank Smith, Third Independent Company Ohio Cavalry, of skirmish at Beverly. No. 5.Lient. Timothy F. Roane, Third West Viroinia Cavalry, of operations April 25May 14, including skirmishes near the month of Simpsons Creek and at Janelew. No. 6.Brig. Gen. J. D. Imboden, C. S. Army. No. 1. Report of Brig. Uen. Benjamin S. Roberts, U. S. Army, of operations April 24May 5. IIDQRS. INDEPENDENT DIVISION, MIDDLE DEPT., Weston, W. Va., May 21, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report, for the information of the corn- mandin g general of the Middle Department, that on Friday, April 24, From return of Eighth Arniy Corps, month of April, 1864 t See 415() correspondence of Cox, Curtin, Halleck, Kolley, Lincoln, Milroy, Peir point, Scheuck, Tod, and others, Part II Page 91 CHAP. XXXVII.] IMBODEN S EXPEDITION INTO W. VA., ETC. 91 the Confederate forc~s of Generals Imboden and Jackson attacked the post at Beverly with abont 4,000 troops, constituted mainly of infantry, perhaps 500 cavalry, and about 500 mounted infantry, and a battery of seven pieces. The parts of my brigade garrisoned at Beverly made an effective force of less than 900 men, 150 of cavalry, one section of artillery (two 10-pounder Parrott guns), and parts of the Second and Eighth [West] \ irginia Volunteer Infantry, about 700 strong. My first intimation of the attack was by telegram from Colonel Latham, received at 2 p. in., that the enemy in large force had driven in his pickets and was advancing on the post in two directions. He asked for orders, and I replied by telegram to hold his position, if p05- sible; if not, to keep his communication with me open, and to fall back, if overpowered. He soon replied that the enemy had already got on to the Buckliannon road with artillery, cavalry, and infantry, and cut off that connection, but that he could fall back on Philippi. I replied: If overpowered, destroy your stores, and fall back on Phulippi. The superior forces of the enemy soon compelled Colonel Latham to fall back on the Philippi road. He destroyed such stores as he could not bring off in the regimental train at the post, and very handsonMy repulsed repeated attempts of large forces of the enemys cavalry in his i-ear. Colonel Lathams report, herewith inclosed, gives casualties. This command reached Buckhannon on the 26th. On learning In- bouens and Jacksons real strength, I ordered the forces at Birch, Sut- ton, and Bulltown to send all wagons and supplies that could be re- moved, by the direction of Weston, to Clarksburg, and the troops, by forced marches, with three days cooked rations, to join me. On Monday morning [April 27], all these detached foi-ces had reached Buckliannon, making in all arms an effective strength of 2,800 men, constituted as follows: Captain Ewings infantry company, acting as artillery, four pieces: Captains Smiths, Bowens, and 1-Jagans, and Lieutenant Jaehnes skeleton companies of cavalry, 200 strong; the Second, Third ,.and Eighth [West] Virginia Volunteer Infantry, and the Twenty-eighth Ohio Volunteers, making 2,500 bayonets. On Saturday, I telegraphed Colonel Mulligan, at Grafton, Va., to push his forces to Philippi and hold that place, where I knew Colonel Latham was falling back. On Sunday, Colonel Mulligan held the enemy in check there all day, but learning that General [W. E.] Jones cavalry was threatening Graf- ton, he fell back to Crafton in the night, and reached that point in time to repulse the enemy, whose advance was, in fact, already at the l)lace. On Sunday night, I sent instructions to Colonel Mulligan, by 3 mounted couriers, that I should move on Beverly, by the Buckhannon road, to attack the enemy in that direction, while he would make a diversion by the Phihippi road; bat two of the couriers were captured by the enemy, and the one bearing my dispatches barely escaped by the speed of his horse. I then knew that Colonel Mulligan had been (lriven from Phihippi, or had withdrawn, and that Grafton, Webster, arid Clarksbarg were exposed, and my communications and supplies would be cut off unless by rapid marching I could reach Clarksburg by the Janelew road before the enemy could attack the place from the direction of Philippi and Bridgeport. While hastening to effect this march, on Monday, I receive(l front Colonel Wilkinson, commanding at Clarksburg, a telegram that Grafto Page 92 [ChAP. XXXViL ~i2 N. VA., w. VA., MD., AND PA. and Webster were captured, and that he was preparing to evacuate Clarksburg in t wo hours; that he expected to be attacked by Jones forces in that time. I replied to the colonel that I would reach him the next day at noon; to hold on, if I)ossible, but, if compelled to retreat, to run the railroad stock and supplies to Parkersburg, destroy such as could not be secnred, and to fall back to Parkersburg or Weston. These telegrams left in my mind no doubt that Grafton, Webster, and Clarksburg were all in the hands of the enemy when I moved my forces from Buckhannon at 4 p. m. on Monday. My last telegram to Colonel Wilkinsou directed him, in case he destroyed the stores at Clarksburg, to save those at Weston, as they would be my only resource, but, on reaching that place in the night, I found all the subsistence had been that afternoon destroyed. I now learned that Colonel Wilkinson still held Clarksburg, and again I assured him that I would force my march on to his relief by 2 p. m. Tuesday, and to hold on, if possible. I pushed on without any rest to my men to Clarksburg, and my cavalry reached that place before 2 p. ni. My command arrived in the night. I had barely time to place my troops in position before Jones forces, from Fairmont, and Imbodens and Jacksons, from Philippi, invested the place. Jones and Imbodens forces, as I am informed by captured let. ter~, had failed to communicate with each other and were to have met at Claiksburg. The forced marches of my troops disappointed this ex- pectation, and when Jones ascertained that I was between him and tin- boden, he left his work of destruction on the trestle east of Clarksburg, and made a rapid retreat toward Imboden, in camp near Philippi. Captaimi Bowens cavalry fell on his rear guard, 7 miles from Clarks- burg, on the Shiunston road, and by a saber charge routed their entire rear forces, and pursued them over 2 miles. He captured 12 prisoners, 4 badly sabered; killed 8 or more, as he is confident. The charge was (laring and successful. imbodens and Jackson~s forces, having effected a junction with Jones, advanced by the Janelew and Rush Run routes to attack Clarksburg, but the arrival of General Kenlys forces and the militia from Wheel. ing gave me such strength at Clarksburg that the attempt to take it was abandoned, and as rapid a retreat as the condition of the roads permitted was effected by the rebels. Jones threw a large force of his cavalry from Weston toward Salem and West Union, but I re-enforced the Home Guards at those places by Colonel Lathams regiment, and that officer handsomely repulsed all attempts on West Union. A cav- alry force, however, got between him and Salem, and (lestroyed two unimportant railroad bridges. They also passed round west to Corn- wallis, and in that region destroyed a few bridges and attempted to destroy one of the tunnels. I regret to report that my forces and my means made it impossible for me to adopt offensive operations against the enemy. I had no effective cavalry, no means of transportation, and, in fact, barely sup- plies to feed the men at Clarksburg until the rapid retreat of the enemy put it out of my power to follow him. The roads were literally impas- sable to loaded wagons. I have never seen anything in the nature of roads so bad. They remain so yet. My 200 cavalry were broken down when I reached Clarksburg. The enemy had about 5,000, and they left in all directions their jaded horses, seizing all the best and fresh horses in the country as they passed through it. The Fourteenth Penn- sylvania Cavalry (twelve companies) reached me at Clarksburg after the retreat of the enemy. This regiment of twelve companies had but 300 men in the saddle and only 320 total strength. Their horses wer Page 93 CHAP. XXXVII.] IMBODENS EXPEDITION INTO W. VA., ETC. 93 so broken down that 200 could not be mounted until 1 impressed all the horses that could be seized to remount for the held. My infantry did all it was possible for foot forces to accomplish. I pushed Colonel Thompson forward to Janelew, with the Third [West] Virginia Volunteers, a section of a battery, and about 60 cavalry, on the 5th, to meet the advance at Clarksburg. He made a vigorous attack, and defeated them without any loss on his part, killing 2 or more, wounding 5, and capturing 7 prisoners. The constant movements of my troops have prevented the officers from making detailed reports of casualties, and they will be furnished as soon as I can get them in. The captures exceed 50 ilLisoners, and the losses of the enemy in killed aiid wounded are about 30. I have had the hearty co-operation of all the officers and men of my command, and the cheerfulness they have expressed in the endurance of the hardest marching I have ever known, during ten or more consec- utive (lays of rain and snow, without shelter of any kind, entitles them to my thanks and the gratitude of the country. I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 113. S. ROI3ERTS, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Col. W. H. CHESEBROUGH, Assistant Adjutant- General, Baltimore, ]Jilid. No. 2. Report of (Jol. George R. Latham, Second West Virginia Infantry, of skirmish at Beverly. HDQRS. SECOND VIRGINIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Weston, Va., May 17, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report to you that on April 24, about 9 a. in., 11 received notice at Beverly, Va. (being in command there), that the enemy was in force at Huttonsville, 11 miles distant, and ad- vancing. I immediately proceeded to the front with two companies of cavalry, advancing on both roads leading up the valley toward Hut- tonsville. Having proceeded about 5 miles, we met their advance guard ~n both roads. The morning was very foggy, and the enemys cavalry far outnumbering onrs, we were pressed back without being able to obtain any satisfactory view of their other forces, infantry and artillery. We fell back slowly, worrying and impeding the progress of the enemy wherever an advantage could be gained. At 12 in., the enemy being within 2 miles of Beverly, I repaired to the town to see that the troops were properly disposed the most suc- cessfully to meet the attack, as I was satisfied, from their steady and determined advance, and the rambling of artillery in the rear, that they were iii very considerable force, though, from the thick fog, an estimate was yet impossible. About 1 p. m. the fog cleared away, and five regiments of infantry, at least two of cavalry, and one battery of six guns, were discovered, amounting in all to at least 4,500 men. My force consisted of seven companies of the Second [West] Virginia \Tolunteer Infin try, numbering for (luty 400 men; five companies of the Bigli th [West] Virginia Volnntcer infantry, numbering 2S9 men; Cap- tain Frank ~S~muths Independent Company of Ohio Volunteer Cavalry Page 94 94 N. YA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Cm nfl numbering 98 mexr Captain Hagans Company A., First [Wet] Vir- ginia Cavalry, numbering 59 men, and one section (consisting of one lOpOunder Parrott gun and a 6-pounder brass smooth-bore) of Ewings battery, numbering 32 men; making a total of 878 men, rank and file. I took a strong position on the south side of the town, commanding the entire valley and the Staunton turnpike above, but flanked by back roads on each side. In this position I placed the Parrott gun and the detachment of the Second [Weti Vfr~nia Volunteet Infantry, holding the detachment of the Eighth [Wet] Virginia Volunteer Infantry and the brass gun in reserve to watch the flanks. About 2 p. m. the action was opened with artillery and infantry skirmishing at long range. A large force of the enemys cavalry and part of his artillery was now seen advancing on the back road wet of the valley, toward the road lading from Beverly to Buckhannon, and effectually turning our right This movement it was impossible for us to counteract, though with the river intervening we were not in much danger of an actual attack from this force. The object of this move- ment was to prevent our retreat toward Buckhannon. Three regiments of his infantry were at the same time advancing cautiously through the woods, pressing back our skirmishers toward our front and le% his artilkry playitag directly in front, with two regiments of infantry in reserve. At 4p. m. the action had become quite brisk along our whole lin~ our skirmishers were driven in on our front, and the enemy had ad- vanced to within mister range. The. commands of his officers could be distinctly heard, and he was pressi~y well beyond our left. Shortly after this I received your order to f back. I immediately set my train in motion; destroyuid the public stores of all kinds, and about 5 p. m. drew off my forces. The movement was executed in perfect order, and though the enemy pressed our rear for 6 miles, and twice charged us with his cavalry, there was no conibsion, no hurry, no inde- cent haste. His cavalry charges were handsomely repulsed, and he learned to follow at a.respectful distaiwe. We marched this evening 9 miles, and, having pined a safe position, rested for the night, our pickets and those of the eilemy being 1 mile apart On the morning of the 25th, we marched leisurely 8 miles to Beling. ton, where we arrived about 10 a. in., and halted for orders; no enemy in sight About 12 m. I received your order to proceed as rapidly as pos- sible to Buckhannon. I immediately started, and marched 13 miles to Philippi that night; rested until morning; started at daylight April 26, and reached Buckhannon (17 miles) a the middle of the after- noon. In this affair we lost but I. man, believed, to be killed; 2 wounded, and 14 prisoners, 10 from the Second [West] VirginiaVolunteer Infantry, 2 from the Eighth [West] Virginia Volunteer infantry, and 2 from Cap- tain Smiths Independent Company of Ohio Volunteer Cavalry who were captured with their horses and equipments as part of guarA toa forage train of five wagons before the engagement The quartermas- ters and commissary stores, and camp and garrison eqnipage destroyed were very considerable, and nothing of value fell into the hands of the enemy. I have noreliable data from which to estimate the enemys loss, but. it is known to exceed ours in killed and wounded, and we took 3 pris- oners. The enemy was commanded by Generals J. D. Imboden and William L. Jackson. Our light loss and successful retreat are to be attributed, unders kind Providence, to the coolness snd efficiency o Page 95 )HAP. XXXVII.] IMBODEN S EXPEDITION INTO W. VA ETC. 95 the officers and men of my command. I cannot mention cases of indi- vidual gallantry; the whole command deserve the highest praise. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, (3-. li. LATHAM, Colonel, Commanding. Capt. JOSEPH McC. BELL, Assistant Adjutant General, W ston, W. Va. No. 3. Report of Cot. John J. Poisley, Eighth West Virginia infantry, of opera tions April 2426. CAMP NEAR CLARKSBURG, W. VA., May 5, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report the history of the (letach. ment under my command from Friday morning, 24th ultimo, the date of the attack on our forces at Beverly, up to the 26th ultii~~o, the date of arrival at Buckliannon. On the morning of the 24th, I was informed by you that the enemy was about to attack in force and ordered to hold my command in readi- ness for action. Shortly afterward I was directed to support a section of Ewings battery, near the church, at the lower end of the town, and to guard against a flank attack. I had not been in this position long when, the enemy appearing in force in front, the half of my detachment, Captain Gardner command- ing, was ordered there to the support of Lieutenant-Colonel Scott, of the Second [West] Virginia, and the enemy also making demonstra- tions on the opposite side of the river, I was or(lered to take position ucar the bridge with the remainder of my detachment, and hold it. I remained at the bridge until about 2 p. in., when I was directed by the colonel commanding to cross the bridge and take the advance for Buckhannon, and to fight my way through if the enemy endeavored to intercel)t. I had hardly crossed the bridge when another order was re- ceived direct ii ig me to march for Philippi, and to take the advance. We moved slowly and in good order a distance of 8 or 9 miles, and halted for the night. Itesuined the march at daylight next morning, and hastened by forced marches, by way of Philippi, to Buckhannon, to the relief of General lloberts, and joined him there the evening of the 26th. My detachment, not having been engaged in the action, met with no losses. Two wagoners, with their wagons and mules, were captured early in the morning previous to the attack. I had destroyed the following-named stores, which we were unable to transport, viz, about 3,000 rations, 2,000 pounds of forage, 30,000 rounds of ammunition, 50 Enfield rifles, 100 sets of infantry equipments, and all the camp an(l garrison e(~nipage. I have no hesitation in saying that the force which attacked us there amounted to at least 3,000 infantry, from 1,000 to 1,500 cavalry, and six pieces of artillery, and that our safe retreat with so little loss was entirely owing to the disposition made by the colonel commanding. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. J. POLSLEY, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Lient. J. COWLES, Adjutant Page 96 96 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL No. 4. Report of Capt. Prank Smith, Third Independent Company Ohio Cavalry, of skirmish at Beverly. WESTON, W. VA., May 22, 1863. In accordance to general orders received from headquarters, I beg leave to make the following report of losses and skirmishes since the late rebel raid into Western Virginia: April 24.The company was ordered out at Beverly, Va., by order of Col. G. li. Latham, commanding post. After proceeding about 3 miles on the lluttonsville road, we observed the enemy across the river; halted, sending out pkkets on the lluttonsville road. It was but a short time until the enemy advanced, driving iu our pickets. They still advanced, when a skirmish ensued. Finding their force too strong, the company retreated toward Beverly, with the loss of 3 men, who were missing, one of whom has since returned to the company, the enemy still keeping in pursuit, driving us into Beverly. The company formed the rear guard in the retreat from Beverly, and was charged into three different times without any loss. Our loss was 2 men captured, with horses and horse equipments an(1 arms, 9 bell and 2 wall tents (which were burned), 5 sabers, 3 carbines, 4,000 pounds of forage, and a small amount of commissary stores. FRANK SMITH, Captain, Comdg. Third Independent Co. Ohio Vol. Cay. No. 5. Report of Lieut. Timothy P. Roane, Third West Virginia Cavalry, of operations April 25May 14, including skirmishes near the mouth of Simpsons Creek and at Janelew. CAMP WESTON, W. VA., May 22, 1863. COLONEL: In compliance with your orders, I have the honor to trans- mit to you a detailed statement of all losses, casualties, losses of prop- erty, and captures by our company during the recent raid in Western Virgiuia. On April 25, we received orders from Lieutenant-Colonel Thompson, commanding post at Sutton, Va., to take up our line of march, with the Third Itegiment r West] Virginia Volunteer Infantry, for Buckhannon, and to destroy all Government property belonging to the company f~r which we had not suitable transportation. Four horses gave out and were left on the road between Builtown an(l Clarksburg, at which last-named l)lace we arrived on April 28. On April 30, we were ordered by Brigadier-General IRoberts to recori- noiter and engage the enemy, then known to be in the neighborhood of Shiunston, Va., 11 miles distant from Clarksburg. On this day we could muster only 65 men. Twenty citizens volunteered to go with us, making in all 85 men. With this number we started on the road to Shiunston. After marching on this road about 7 miles, the advance guard, which was but a short distance ahead of the main column, ob- serve(l the enemy in considem-able Iorce about 300 yards ahad, making toward the ford at the month of Simpsons Creek and Lamnberts IRumi, which tor(l was close to the turmipil~e. The charge was imumediatel Page 97 CHAP. XXXVIL] IMBODEN S EXPEDITION INTO W VA., ETC. 97 ordered, and a volley poured in at short range, which threw the enemy into confusion, driving about 100 of them across the river and cutting off their rear guard, composed of about 40 men, from their main body. We (livided our company without halting, leaving one-half of them to hol(l the ford, and charged their rear guard with the remainder nearly 3 miles. In this charge we had 1 man killed and 2 wounded, and lost 2 horses killed and 3 wounded. Three (lea(l rebels were left in the road and several wounded by the roadside; captured 9 prisoners and 8 horses. The main loss inflicted upon the enemy was at the ford. Our men had dismounted and were well l)osted. The enemy made several ineff~ctual attempts to recross, but in each attempt were repulsed with the loss of several bf their men. We here ha(l no means of ascertaining the num- ber of their killed. This fight lasted about one hour. We returned to Clarksburg the same day, bringing in our wounded men and the pris- oners and horses captured. On May 5, an ekpedition was sent out to Janelew, consisting of a por- tion of the Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry, one company of the First [West] Virginia Cavalry, Captain Hagans; two companies of the Twen- ty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; a portion of Captaiu Bowens Coin- pany (E), Third Regiment [West] Virginia Volunteer Cavalry. This expedition brought in 4 prisoners, 1 two-horse wagon, 4 mules, 4 barrels of flour, and killed a number of the enemy near Janelew. On May 14, we captured on the Bulltown road 1 prisoner and 24 Harpers Ferry muskets. In addition to the above, our company has brought in a large num- ber of secesh citizens, together with horses, cattle, & c., taken from rebel sympathizers. I am, with respect, colonel, your obedient and humble servant, T. F. ROANE, Lieutenant Company E, Third West Virginia Vol. Cay. Col. A. Moou, Commanding Fourth Brigade, Middle Department. No.3. Reports of Brig. Gen. J. D. Imboden, C. A~. Army. DUBLIN, VA., April 29, 1863. I have just now received the following from General Imboden, dated 25 miles north of Beverly, on 24th: GENERAL: Had a three hours fight [withl the enemy on the heights in rear of Beverly to-day. Drove him from the town; cut off his retreat on Buckhannon; hur- ried him till dark toward Phulippi. Renew the pursuit in the morning. Casualties small on both sides. Enemy set fire to the town in his retreat, and burned a large part of it. Enemys loss of stores considerable. Our captures of wagons and mules valuable. His force in the fight two regiments infantry, two companies of cavalry, and a battery. Took a number of prisoners. Yours, respectfully, SAM. JONES, General S. COOPER, Mc~or.General. Adjutant and Inspector General. 7 11 11VOL XXV, PP Page 98 98 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ICHAP. XXXVIL IIE~DQUARTERS C. S. FORCES, WESTERN VIRGINIA, Sunday, May 3, 1863. GENERAL: This evening I arrived here with my whole command, and General W. E. Jones with a part of his. The residue will be up to- morrow or next day. The following damage has been done to the main stem of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: Every bridge but two of any importance from Oakland to a point 30 miles west of Fairmont has been destroyed. The splendid iron bridge at Fairmont, over 600 feet long, was blown into the river; all the others burned. General Jones de- stroyed them from Fairmont east, except at Cheat River. My men destroyed those for 30 miles west of Fairmont. On the Parkersburg stem, General Jones burned the bridge and trestling at Bridgeport. I drove the enemy, 1,500 strong, from Beverly, they destroying all their stores. They also fled from Buckhannon, destroying their camps, stores, ammunition, & c., and burned all the bridges from Beverly west- ward. They have concentrated at Clarksburg two brigades[Brig. Gen. J. iR.] Kenlys and [Brig. Gen. Benjamin S.] Robertsand [Col. James A.] Mulligan has two regiments at Grafton. We can whip them on equal ground, but I understand they are fortifying at Clarksburg. We shall make a reconnaissance in force there to-morrow or next day, and see what they intend to do. If you were within cooperating dis- tance of us, we could utterly demolish the railroad from Clarksburg to Parkersbnrg, and then force the enemy to a fight on our own terms, and, turning upon Kanawha, clear the valley. The Union men have all fled before us. We have collected and sent to the rear over 2,000 head of good cattle, and General Jones alone has got over 1,200 fine horses for the Government. The expedition thus far has been a splendid success, especially on General Jones part, in the destruction of the railroad. He has lost about 30 men killed and wounded. My loss trifling, only 2 killed and 3 or 4 wounded since 1 started. Rumor reaches us that you are at work toward Parkersburg. I trust such is the case, and that we may get together this week. If we do, I believe the northwest is saved. Let us hear from you by the earliest possible moment. Suggest a point of junction anywhere south or west of this,and I ill try to meet you. General Jones has taken over 500 prisoners; I only about 20 or 25. He has captured the arms of his prisoners. I have taken about one hundred stand of arms and two pieces of artillery left by the enemy at Buckhannon in their flight. Without the intervention of nnforeseen obstacles, we shall by the last of this week get out 5,000 head of cattle and 1,500 horses. Yours, respectfully, J. D. IMBODEN, Brigadier. General, Commanding. Brig. Gen. A. G. JENKINS. HEADQUARTERS NORTHWEST YIRGINIA BRIGADE, Buffalo Gap, Va., June 1, 1863. GENERAL: I submit the following report of my late expedition through Northwest Virginia : * On Monday, April 20, I marched from my camp at Shenandoah Mountain with the following troops, viz: The Twenty-fifth, Thirty-first, and Sixty-second Regiments Virginia Infantry, the Eighteenth Virginia * See Lee to Imboden, April 7, iu Correspondeuce, etc., Part II Page 99 CHAP. XXXVILJ IMBODENS EXPEDITION INTO W. VA., ETC. 99 Cavalry, and [J. II.] MeClanahans battery, six guns, numbering in the aggregate about 1,825 effective men. On the evening of the 21st, I was joined at Hightown by the Twenty-second Virginia Infantry, [Lieut. Col. A. C.] Dunns battalion [Thirty-seventh Virgiiiiaj dismounted cav- alry, and the Nineteenth Virginia Cavalry, mostly disinoanted, from Maj. Gen. Samuel Jones command, numbering in the aggregate about 1,~4O men, giving me an entire force of about 3,365 men, of which about 700 were mounted. I was supplied with thirteen days rations of flour and thirty days of salt, relying upon the country to furnish meat. On the evening of April 23,1 reached Tygarts Valley, at llnttonsville, kaving marched 70 miles in four days, most of the time under a drench. ing rain that raised the water-courses and made the roads very difficult. On Cheat Mountain we found the snow in many places 18 or 20 inches deep, and had to face a pelting storm of sleet. At Camp Bartow, on Grecubrier, I learned that the notorious Yankee scout, John Slayton, and 7 Federal soldiers had passed about sunrise on the morning of the 22d, hurrying on to Beverly with intelligence of our approach. Antic- ipating some attempt to precede me with information, I had ordered a mounted picket from Pocahontas to Greenbrier River, at the foot of - Cheat [Mountain], on the 20th. This compelled Slayton to attempt to reach Beverly through the mountains north of the turnpike. On the night of the 22d, I sent a party of 20 men in pursuit of him, but they failed to find or hear anything further of him, and I took it for granted he had succeeded in getting through to Beverly, and would prevent a surprise of the forces there by giving the alarm. This opinion was con- firmed by the fact I learned at lluttonsville that the mounted picket of 30 men usually kept at that place had been withdrawn on the morning of the 23d, about 11 oclock. My men and horses being greatly fatigned~ I resolved to camp for the night. A little after midnight my advance picket reported a party of the enemy as having l)asse(l up on the east side of the river to a mountain overlooking our camp, and an hour later reported the rapid return of this party toward Beverly. I had sent. a company of infantry on the first alarm to try and cut them offi Sub. sequent events showed that the enemy turned back before reaching a point high enough up to discern our camp, and therefore obtained no information. I had ascertained the enemys force at Beverly to be two regiments of infantry, a battery, and two companies of cavalryin all, about 1,500 men. It coIitinued to rain all night, and the morning of the 24th was one of the most gloomy and inclement I ever saw. At an early hour I started all my infantry down through the plantations on the east side of the river, where they were joined by four guns of my battery 7 miles above Beverly. The cavalry and a section of artillery pursued the main road on the west side of the river, under Col. George W. Imboden, with orders as soon as they discovered the enemy to be in Beverly to press forward and gain possession of the road leading to Buckhannon, and cut off retreat by that route. About 5 miles above Beverly, the cavalry advance met a man, who, as soon as he saw them, fled. They fired upon him, but he escaped. It turned out to be the bogus State sheriff of Ran- dolph [County], named [J. F.] Phares, who, though shot through the lungs, succeeded in reaching Beverly and gave the alarm. About the same time, on the east side of the river we captured a forage train and its escort. I learned from the prisoners that the enemy was in ignorance of our approach; but as soon as Phares reached town and gave the alarm, the whole force was drawn up to fight us. About a mile above the town they opened upon the head of my column with artillery. On recon Page 100 S. 100 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII noitering their position, I found them strongly posted on a plateau 50 or 60 feet above the river bottom, and commanding it and the road for more than a mile so completely that to attack them in front would prob- ably involve the loss of hundreds of my men before we could reach them. I at once resolved to turn their position by making a detour of over 2 miles across a range of steep and densely wooded hills, and attempt to get around to the north of the town. To OCCUI)Y their attention, I placed a rifle piece on the first hill, and engaged their battery. The cav- airy, nnder a dangerous , (laslle(l forward and gained the Buckhan- non road west of the river, and cut off retreat by that route. The enemy immediately began to fill back below the town, leaving a strong force of skirmishers in the woods, which my infantry had to pass. A running fight was kept up for more than 2 miles through these woods, and a little before sunset I had succeeded in gaining the north side of the town, but too late to cut off retreat toward Philippi. The enemy was in full retreat an(l about one-third of the town in flames when I gained their original flank. We pursued until dark, but could not overtake them. My cavalry attempted to iLltercel)t them from the west side of the river at or near Laurel llill\, but the difficulty and the depth of the ford and the lateness of the hour prevented it. 1 have been thus minute iu these details to explain why we did not capture the whole force at Beverly. Slayton was unable to cross Cheat River, owing to the high water, and they were really ignorant of our ap- I)roach until the wounded sheriff gave the alarm. We found him almost in a dying condition, though lie will probably recover. The attack was so sudden that the enemy could not remove his stores nor destroy his camp. The stores were large and valuable, having been recently laid in. flis loss was not less than $100,000, and about one-third of the town was destroyed in burning his stores. I lost oiily 3 men, so badly wounded that I had to leave them in Beverly in private houses, where they have fallen into the hands of the enemy. The enemys loss was trifling, too, not over 13 killed and wounded, and about the same number captured by us. On the morning of the 25th, my cavalry rdported the road toward Philippi impra~ticable for artillery or wagons, on account of the depth of the mud, iii places coming up to the saddle-skirts of their horses. I also ascertained that General Roberts, with a considtffable force, was at Buckhannon, and don bted the prudence of going directly to Philippi until this force was dislodged from my flank. I sent off two companies of cavalry, under Major [D. B.] Lang, to try and open commu- nication with General Jones, from whom I had not heard anything, and resolved to cross Rich Mountain, and either move directly on Buckhan- non, or, by a country road leaving the turnpijie 4 miles beyond Roaring Run, get between Philippi and Buckhannon, and attack one or the other, as circumstances might determine. On the evening of the 26th, I crossed Middle Fork, and encamped about midway between Philippi and Buckhannon, some 12 miles from each, sending all my cavalry forward to seize and hold the bridge across Buckhannon River, near its mouth. Considerable cannonading was heard at this time in the direction of Philippi, which I supposed to pro- ceed fromn the enemy we had driven from Beverly in an attempt to pre- vent Major Lang from going on toward the railroad, where I expected him to find General Jones; but at 11 p. in. Colonel Imboden informed me that the Beverly force had passed up toward Buckhaunon at sunrise that morning, and that there was a fresh brigade at Philippi, reported by citizens to have arrived the night before by rail from New Creek Page 101 CHAP. XXXVII.] IMBODEN S EXPEDITION INTO W. VA., ETC. 101 under command of Acting Brigadier-General Mulligan, and that the cars had been running all the night previous, and other troops were in the vicinity. He requested me to send two regiments of infantry and a section of artillery to the bridge that night, as he was apprehensive of attack. He also informed me that he had captured a courier from Buckhaunon, and that two others had escaped and gone back to that place. This information was all confirmed by two citizens who arrived at my camp from Webster. I resolved to send forward the re-enforce. ments asked for, and, as my troops were all very tired, I sent for my colonels to ascertain whieh regiments were in the best condition to make the march that night. Cols. J. S. Hoffman, of the Thirty. first; George H. Smith, of the Sixty-second; J. C. Higginbotham, of the Twenty-fifth; George S. Patton, of the Twenty-second; William L. Jackson, of the Nineteenth [Virginia Cavalry], and Major [J. IR.] Claiborue, of the Thirty-seventh Battalion [Virginia Cavalry], at- tended; and then for the first time I saw the printed order of Gen- eral fR. C.] Schenck (herewith inclosed),* assigning a division of six brigades for the defense of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. This order Colonel Patton found in Beverly and produced at our conference. Knowing that Mulligan was east of the Alleghany when our expedition set out, ~d, not hearing from General ~Jones,it was the opinion of all present that he had failed to reach or interrupt communication on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and that our position was exceedingly critical if the enemy had control of that road, as he could throw the whole division upon us in a few hours, and, if we were beaten, cut off our retreat at Laurel Hill or Beverly and at Buckhanuon or Weston. It was, therefore, the unanimous judgment of all my colonels, in which I concurred, that in the face of this new information it would be ex- tremely imprudent to advance farther or remaiii where we were, with the danger of being overwhelmed and cut off in a few hours, and that the satety of the command required that we should fall back to a posi- tioim where escape would be possible if we were overpowered. Accord- ingl y, we marched back to Roaring Run on the 27th. The road was so bad that it took from 5 a. m. until 2 p. m. (nine hours) to accomplish 2 miles, and the command did not reach camp until in the night. Hav- ing recalled my cavalry from Bimckhaunon Bridge, I sent forward a scout that night toward Buckhanuon, which returned after midnight, reporting that the enemy had burned the bridges across Middle Fork and the Buckhannon Rivers, and retreated that night from Buckhan- non, blockading the roa(1 behind them. On the 28th, 1 pressed on to within 4 miles of Buckhannon, and the next morning took possession of the town with a regiment, which I crossed over the river on the d~bris of the burnt bridge. The enemy had burned all his stores here, amid (lestroye(1 two pieces of artillery, which he was unable to move. On account of the extraordinary bad roads, I had been compelled to leave at Greenbrier River, east of Cheat Mountain, forty- odd barrels of flour and also several barrels in Beverly. Our horses were giving out in large numbers, and some dying from excessive labor and insufficient sustenance. Not being able to cross my artillery and wagons over the river, on my arrival I ordered a raft to be constructed and the country to be scoured in every direction for corn and wheat; impressed two mills, and run them day and night. Grain was very scarce, and had to be procured by very small quantities, sometimes less than a bushel at a house. I employed a considerable portion of my * See General Orders, No. 19, March 27, 18433, in Correspondence, etc., Part II Page 102 102 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. cavalry in collecting cattle and sending them to the rear. I required everything to be paid for at fair prices, such as were the current rates before we arrived iu the country. This gave general satisfaction in the country, and our currency was freely accepted. On the 29th, I received my first information from General Jones (see copy of his letter iriclosed), and on the same day T ascertained that the enemy was massing his troops at Janelew, a village al)out midway be- tween Buckhannon and Clarksburg, and fortifying his position. The 30th was spent in collecting corn and cattle. On May 1, hearing nothing further from General Jones, I sent Colonel Imboden to Weston with his regiment of cavalry. He found the place evacuated and stores destroyed, but got confirmation of the fact that the enemy was at Janelew. Fearing that General Jones had been cut off in his attempt to join me, I gave orders that night to move early in the morning toward Philippi. - My raft was completed and I was ready to cross the river. Just as we commenced moving on the morning of the 2d, a courier arrived with Piuelligence that General Jones was within 6 miles, and brought information of the destruction of the iron bridge at Fairmont, on the main stem of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and that a party I had sent out under Lieutenant Sturms, of the Nine- teenth Cavalry, had succeeded in burning all the bridges for 30 miles west of Fairmont, and that the bridge on the Northwestern Virginia Railroad, 6 miles east of Cflrksburg, at Bridgeport, had also been burned. On receiving this information, I changed my direction of niarch toward Weston, feeling confident that with General Jones bribade and my own force united we would be stronH enough to hold our own and probably defeat the enemy at Janelew or Clarksbnrg. My own command had lost over 200 by desertion, after 1)assing Bev- erly, from Dunns battalion dismounted cavalry, in consequence of an order published by me prohibiting the seizure of horses or other prop- erty from citizens for private uses. These men had expected to mount themselves off the country. Before I had got away from Buckhannoh, General Jones arrived, and approved the plan of moving on to Weston, though he had but a small proportion of his command with him. I here stated to him that, being the ranking officer, he would, of course, assume the command as long as we remained together, which he did. The road was so bad that we did not reach Weston until Sunday morning, May 3. I at once sent scouts toward Clarksburg. and ascertained that the enemy was there several thousand strong, and were firtif~ing a l)~55 at the mouth of Lost Creek, 8 miles this side of Clarksburg. On the 4th, General Jones arrived with a part of his command, and went into camp. I at once set to work to scour the country for grain and cattle. Very little of the former was obtained, though we got a large number of fine cattle. On the 5th, a considerable 1)art of General Jones brigade arrived from Beverly. My picket at Janelew was surrounded and attacked, but all escaped except 3, whose horses were killed and they captured. The picket reported the advance of a large force, and we expected a fight. During the day I had received from a confidential and perfectly relia- ble source an accurate statement of the enemys forces at Clarksburg, giving the regiments, their size, and their batteries. The whole force was between 4,600 and 5,000 infantry and twelve field guns, and they had been busy several days intrenching. Generals Kenly and Roberts were present in person, and re-enforcements were hourly expected. These arrived the next day, increasing the force to from 6,000 to 8,000 men. It was agreed between General Jones and myself that we coul Page 103 CHAP. XXXVII.] IMBODENS EXPEDITION INTO XV. VA., ETC. 103 not attack the enemy with a reasonable prospect of success. My com- mand had been reduced, not only by the desertions above mentioned, but by a large number of sick and worn-out men left at Beverly and Buckhannon, and a great many detailed as guards for the various droves of cattle on their way east., leaving me not over 2,200 or 2,300 effective men. General Jones had, I believe ,about 1,200. Defeat so far in the interior would have been destruction. We therefore deter- mined to separate on the morning of the 0th, General Jones going west to attack the Northwestern Virginia liailroad, and I to move sonth- ward to Summnerville, in Nicholas County, where we would unite again. Sonic (lays previous to this, I had sent a dispatch to General Samuel Jones, informing him that such would probably be our route, and sug- gesting a co-operative movement on his part against the enemy at Fay. etteville and in the Kanawha. This dispatch I sent into Braxton by 15 of my own men, with instructions to get it through by any possible means in their power. They employed a faithful citizen to take it to Lewisburg, but it has never been heard from since. On the 6th, I ordered back all the sick and stores from Buckhannon and Beverly to Monterey, and moved toward Summerville at an early hour. The roads were so horribly bad that at night we had only reached a point 5~ miles from Weston. The next day, with extraordinary labor, we made 2~ miles, and on the 8th 6 miles more, making 14 miles in three days, and to do this with my battery I had to destroy the spare wheels of my battery and throw away fifty solid shot from each caisson. Up to the 9th it rained - hard fourteen days, and was clear only six, and the roads everywhere were almost impassable, and my animals rarely got any food except the young grass we found along the road. No incident of intem-est occurred on the march until we reached Big Birch River, in Braxton, on the evenimig of the 12th. At Builtown, Suttonville, and Big Birch the en- emy had block-honses and intrenchments, and had destroyed at each place large amounts of stores laid in for the summers campaign. I destroyed their quarters amid block-houses at these several I)laces. On the night of the 12th, 1 received a dispatch fromn Colonel Imboden, who was 12 miles in advance, that he had heard the enemy was prepar. ing to evacuate Summerville, and had determined to attack them at once, and asking me to support him as soon as possible. At 2 a.. in. that night another courier arrived with intelligence that Colonel Imboden had entered Summerville and found the enemy gone about an hour, his force consisting of the Ninety-first Ohio and two companies of cavalry; that he immnediately pursued and overtook him about 6 miles on the way to Ganley Bridge; made a vigorous assault on the rear guard (mounted), capturing 23 prisoners, 28 wagons loaded with supplies, and 168 mules and their harness. Two of the wagons were smashed np in the nu$16e. All the others he saved, and the teams. I immediately ordered reveille, and by a forced march of 20 miles, tired as my men were, reached Summerville at 3 p. in., and found all safe and quiet. Colonel lmnboden had less than 200 men with him in this affair, in which he captured the train of over a regiment of the enemy and brought it safely away. The capture was most handsomely made, and was most opportune. The men had only been allowed half a l)Ound of meal per day after leaving Beverly, and our scanty supplies were exhausted. We had but one days salt left, as a part of our original stores had been sent back from Beverly to lighten transportation, and expected to get none until we reached Greenbrier. The artillery and wagon horses were almost worn out, and these fresh mules enabled inc to relieve them Page 104 104 N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXYIL General Jones arrived at Summerville the same evening with part of his command, the remainder coming up next morning. We ascertained that the road to Carnifix Ferry over Gauley was block- aded to such an extent that it would take several days to opeu it, and the ferry-boat at Hughes Ferry was sunk. Finding the delay would be great in crossing my now large train at this ferry, I consented, at their own request, that the Twenty-second Regiment and Dunns battalion might take that route, via Meadow Bluff, to Lewisbnrg, raising the boat for that purl)ose, aud I, with the remainder of my command, would go up Gauley about 20 miles, by a country road but little known or trav- eled, and ford that river at the mouth ofCranberry, cross over to Cherry Tree River, and into Grecubrier near Frankfort by what is known there as the Cold Knob road, over which it was said but two wagons had ever passed before. I reached Sinking Creek, in Greenbrier, in four days, a distance of over 50 miles. On the third day out from Summerville I received my first dispatch from General Samuel Jones, a copy of which I inclose. It came too late for me to act upon its suggestions. Re~ich- ing Orceubrier, our troubles ended. We rested one day and came on to this place by easy marches. The results of the expedition were not as great, perhaps, as they would have been with favorable weather and good roads. General Jones has doubtless communicated the immense destruction of property he effected on the railroad and elsewhere. In the horrible condition of the roads, I could not move with the celerity that was desirable, and deemed myself fortunate in being able, by pursuing an interior route, to keep the way of escape open at all thnes lbr General Jones, while he, being mounted, ventured to go much farther than I could do. I compelled the enemy to destroy large and valuable stores at Beverly, Buckhannon, Weston, Bulltown, Suttonville, and Big Birch; captured and brought away over $100,000 worth of horses, mules, wagons, and arms; burned their block- houses and stockades; forced them to burn three important and valuable covered turnpike bridges; burned six or eight wooden railroad bridges west of Fairmont; enabled the Government agents to buy and bring out to places of safety over 3,100 head of fine cattle, at a coststated to nie by Maj. [W. M.] Tate, who procured a large part of themof $300,000 less than they would sell for anywhere within our lines. I was thirty-seveii days gone, marched over 400 miles, subsisted my command on half-rations a great part of the time. I lost 1 lieutenant (Vincent), Nineteenth Cavalry, and 1 man in the Eighteenth Cavalry, killed, and left to fall into the han(ls of the enemy 3 men, wounded, at Beverly, and 8 sick, and 3 prisoners captured; a total loss of 16. I se- cured between 75 and 100 recruits for my own command, including the Twenty-fifth and Thirty-first Regiments, and Col. William L. Jackson got between 300 and 400. In this respect we were all disappointed. The people now remaining in the northwest are, to all intents and pur- poses, a conquered people. Their spirit is broken by tyranny where they are true to our cause, and those who are against us are the blackest- hearted, most despicable villains upon the continent. I learned much on this expedition that would be of deep interest to the Government to know, but this is not the proper time or place to communicate it. I cannot close this already prolix report without expressing my ad- miration of the conduct of men and officers, with the exception of part of Dunns battalion, referred to above. Lieutenant-Colonel Dunn and a large part of his battalion are excellent officers and soldiers, and it is to be regretted that their good example is lost upon the remainder. I have heard scarcely a complaint of any wrong done to private right Page 105 CHAP. XXXYIIJ IMBODENS EXPEDITiON INTO W. VA.. ETC. 105 of persons or property by the men under my command. They were nearly all Northwestern Virginians, and had much to provoke them to vengeance upon a dastard foe, who had outraged their unprotected families, but, with the willing obedience of the true Confederate soldier, every man obeyed all orders to respect private rights, even of their traitor neighbors. IRespectfully submitted. J. D. IMBODEN, BrigadiLr- General, Commanding. Brig. Gen. IR. II. CITILTON, Asst. Adjt. and insp. Gen., Army Northern Virginia. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, June 15, 1863. Respectfully forwarded to the Adjutant and Inspector General. Although the expedition under General Imboden failed to accomplish all the results inteiided, it nevertheless rendered valuable service in the collection of stores and in making the enemy uneasy for his communi- catioris with the west. The men and officers deserve much credit for the fortitude and en(Iurance exhibited under the hardships and diffi- culties of the march, which interfered so seriously with the success of the enterprise. R. E. LEE, General. [Inclosure No. 1.] EVANSVILLE, W. VA., April 27, 1863. GENERAL: I arrived here this morning with my cavalry. I sent Col- onel [A. W.] ilarman, with Major [Ridgely] Brown and Captain [John II.] McNeill, to Oakland from Greenland night before last~ moving my- self with the residue of my command on Rowlesburg, or Cheat Bridge. My horses and men were much jaded by bad weather and my forced march from Moorefield to Cheat Bridge. What success attended Col- onel ilarman I have not yet learned. I (lid not succeed in destroying the bridge or trestling at Cheat River. I have come here to feed men and horses and wait for news and junction with ilarman, when I will make my way to you. My movements, as a matter of course, will be controlled by circumstances. A rumor reaches us of your having driven the enemy out of Beverly. General Mulligan started from Webster, on the Grafton and Parkersburg Railroad, to succor the force driven from Beverly. I am impatient for news from you, as also from ilarman. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. E. JONES, Brigadier- General, Commanding. General J. D. IMBODEN, Commanding at Beverly. [Inclosure No. 2.] HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF WESTERN VIRGINIA, Dublin, Va., May 14, 1863. GENERAL: I have just now received Major [J. R.] Claibornes letter of the 13th (yesterday), from Lewisburg, informing me that he left you an Page 106 106 N. VA., XV VA., MD., AM) PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. your command at Bnlltown on the 9th instant; that Brig. Gen. XY. E. Jones had left Weston to destroy the railroad between Clarksburg and Parkersburg; that after having accomplished that work you and Jones would unite at Summerville, and that then you would be ready to move on Charleston or any other point I might designate. He says, further, that you are without commissary stores, except beef~ on which alone your men are subsisting. I have directed Brigadier-General [John] Echols to send from Lewh~burg to Summerville a supply of flour for you, and all the small ammunition he can send, and to move forward with a regiment and battalion (or two battalions) of infantry, a section of ar- tillery, and company of cavalry to Summervifle to snI)port you and me- lieve you of your surplus cattle, trains, or other property you may desire to send to the rear. I have also ordered Colonel [John] McCausland to move from Princeton to Fayetteville with about 1,200 infantry, a battery, and company of cavalry, to threaten Fayetteville, and be in readiness to profit by any detachment the enemy may make from that point to oppose you, and, if practicable, to co-operate with you. If you and W. E. Jones unite at Summerville, or if you alone reach that l)oint, and your men are in condition to continue the expedition, I wish you to move from Suinmerville; strike the Kanawha River at or near Momitgomerys Ferry, avoiding the enemys defensive works near Gauley Bridge; clear out the Kanawha Valley, if you can (and since you have accomplished so much, I do not know well what else you are capable of), from Gauley Bridge to Charleston; then cross at or near Montgomerys Ferry, and appear in rear of Fayetteville. By that time McCausland ought to appear in fi-ont of the same place, and by co-operation you and McCa.usland can take Fayetteville and probably capture the troops there. That would be a handsome winding up of your brilliant expedition. The latest and most reliable information I have of the enemys force in the Kanawha is this: Twelfth Ohio, 230 strong, and Ninety-first Ohio, 650 strong, at Fayetteville Court-House; Forty-fifth Ohio, 500 strong, on Elk [River] and at Sissonville; Twenty-third Ohio, 500 stiouig, at Charleston; Thirteenth [West] Virginia. 300 strong, at Hurm-icane and Coal River; Eighth [West] Virginia, 120 strong, at Wiuflelci; Second [West] Virginia Cavalry, 700 strong, (listributed generally through the Valley, [making a total of] 3,000. No troops at Gauley. Report was current in Kanawha on 22d ultimo [that the enemy] was moving on Summerville. A small detachment of the Second [West] Virginia Cav- alry and a battery of artillery were sent to Sumnmnerville. Since then, viz, on the 2d instant, Lieutenant-Colonel [George Xl.] Edgar hand- somely repulsed the Second [West] Virginia Cavalry at Lewisburg, and punisned them severely. It the above estimate of the enemys force in the Kanawha. Valley is correct, and I believe it is, you ought to be able to clear it out easily. Communicate with me fully and freely whenever and wherever you can. I have only time to congratulate you on your success so far, and to wish you a brilliant winding up of the expedition. In haste, very respectfully and truly, yours, & c., SAM. JONES, Brig. Gen. J. D. IMBODEN, Major-General. iSumrnerri!le, VV. Va Page 107 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 107 APRIL 21MAY 21, 1863.Jones Raid on the Northwestern (Baltimore and Ohio) Railroad. SUJYIIMA.RV OF TIE{E PRINCIPA.L EVENTS. Apr. 25, 186:3.Skirmish at Greenland Gap, W. Va. 26, 1863.Affair at Altamont Md. Skirmish at Oakland, Md. Skirmish at Rowleshurg, W. Va. Affair at Cranberry Summit, Md. 27, 1863.Affair at Morgantown, W. Va. Affair at Independence, XV. Va. - 29, 1863.Skirmish at Fairmont, W. Va. 30, 1863.K kirmish at Bridgeport, W. Va. May 6, Id{33.Skirmish at West Union, W. Va. 7, 1863.Affair at Cairo Station, XV. Va. Affair at Harrisyille (Ritchie Court-House), W. Va. 9, 1863.Destruction of oil-works at Oiltown, XV. Va. IREPOJ~TS * No. 1.Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, Eighth Army Corps, of skirmish at Greenland Gap. No. 2.Captain Martin Wallace, Twenty-third Illinois Infantry, of skirmish at Greenland Gap. No. 3.Col. James A. Mulligan, Twenty-third Illinois Infantry, of skirmish at Fair- mont. No. 4.Lient. George W. E. Dorsey, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, of skirmish at Fairmont. No. 5.Col. George R. Latham, Second West Virginia Infantry, of skirmish at West Union. No. 6.Itinerary of the First Division, Eighth Army Corps, April 130, 1863. No. 7.Maj. Alonzo W. Adams, First New York Cavalry. No. 5.Brig. Gen. William E. Jones, C. S. Army. No. 9.Lieut. W. G. Williamson, C. S. Engineers. No. 10.Lient. Col. James R. Herbert, First Maryland Infantry (Confederate). No. 11.Capt. Frank A. Bond, First Maryland Cavalry Battalion (Confederate). No. 12.Lient. Col. John Shac Green, Sixth Virginia Cavalry. No. 13.Lient. Col. Thomas Marshall, Seventh Virginia Cavalry. No, 14.Col. Lunsford L. Lomax, Eleventh Virginia Cavalry. No. 15. Col. A. W. Harman, Twelfth Virginia Cavalry. No. 16.Lient. Col. Elijah V. White, Thirty-fifth VirHinia Cavalry Battalion. No. 1. Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Jelley, U. AS. Army, commanding First Division, Eighth Army Corps, of skirmish at Greenland Gap. GREENLAND GAP, HARDY COUNTY VA , ., April 28, 1863. Just arrived at this point. Jones reserve, left at Moorefield, is re- ported retreating on Franklin. I await here the return of my scout, sent to ascertain the fact. The affair at this place on Saturday was one * See also reports of Roberts, p. 90, Roane, p. 96, and Imboden, p. 97 Page 108 108 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL of the most gallant since the opening of the war. Greenland Gal) is a pass through the Knobley Mountains, only wide enough for the road and a small mountain stream. This gap was guarded by Captain Wal- lace, Twenty-third Illinois, with a detachment of Company G, Twenty- third Illinois Regiment, and a small detachment of Company A, Four- teenth West Virginia Infantry (Captain Smith), in all between 70 and 80 men. Captain Wallace occupied a large church at the west end of and near the mouth of the gap, and Captain Smith held a log-house about 100 yards distant, both positions commanding the gap. Jones was compelled to capture or dislodge the little band before he could pass. His troops made three gallant charges, but were each time re- pulsed with great loss, especially of officers. The fight commenced at 5 p. m. and lasted till after dark. The rebels, availing themselves of the darkness, approached and fired the church, but the gallant Irish boys would not even then surrender till the burning roof fell in. The killed and wounded of the rebels outnumbered our whole force engaged. Five of the officers out of eight commanding the leading battalion which made the first charge were either killed or wounded, among the latter Colonel [11. H.] Dolany, commanding. Captains Wallace and Smith had only ~ men killed and 4 wounded. I counted to-day 18 dead horses within musket-range. I most earnestly request the major-general commanding to apply to the Secretary of War to have every officer, non-commissioned officer, and private engaged in the fight presented with a medal, in recognition of the gallantry displayed. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. Lieutenant-Colonel CHESEBROUGH, Assistant Adjutant- General. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CoRPS, Baltimore, Md., April 29, 1863. Respectfully forwarded to Major-General Halleck, General-in-Chief. The gallantry of the officers and men engaged in the defense herein described by General Kelley deserves special notice and commendation. I will hereafter obtain an(l forward the names. The result of this obstinate stand at Greenland Gap was a repulse of the enemy, and thus New Creek was protected. ROBT. C. SCHENCK, iiliajor- General, Commanding. No. 2. Report of Capt. Martin Wallace, Twenty-third Illinois Infantry, of skirmish at Greenland Gap. NEW CREEK, VA., June 11, 1863. ADJUTANT: In obedience to regimental order of April 21. last, I left camp at New Creek for Greenland Gap on the evening of the same day, with Lieuten ant Fletcher and 52 men, and arrived theme next morning. About no on on April 25, I was informed by a citizen that the enemy were approaching in a large force, numbering several thousand, and were within a short distance and advancing upon New Creek. I immediately sent out mounted scouts to ascertain time facts Page 109 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 109 About 4 p. in., Captain Smith, with 34 men of Company A, Fourteenth Regiment West Virginia Volunteer Infantry, arrived, with orders re- lieving me, and ordering me to rejoin my regiment, which had moved to Grafton. At this time my scouts came in ral)idly, reporting the enemy advancing in force. A few minutes later they came charging through the gap. I was in the log church, about 50 yards south of the road. I immediately ordered Captain Smith to throw his men into two log-houses north of and between the church and the road. He immediately left to execute my order. Before this, how ever, I had had the windows of the church well barricaded, the chinking knocked out between the logs, and had ordered my men to be ready to repel any attack. I immediately or- dered them to take the positions previously assigned and to be cool and deliberate. We opened fire upon the enemy when within 75 yards, and continued to fire until the enemy had al)proached within 20 yards of the church, when, so destructive had been our shots, they broke and fled in all directions, leaving meu and horses dead and wounded on the field. In about fifteen minutes they rallied, and made another attack with the same result. General Jones, who I then first learned was in command of the enemy, sent in a flag of truce demanding my immediate surrender, and stating that he had a force of thousands. I told the bearer: Go back with the rag; I dont care if he has a million I will not surrender until com- pelled. The firing was renewed. In the course of ten minutes the flag returned with a written from order General Jones that he had force enough to take me beyond a doubt, and unless I surrendered within fifteen minutes he would not be responsible for the consequences. I re- fused, and sent a note to General Jones in which I stated I would not surrender until forced to. About this time a messenger came from Cap- tain Smith, asking what he should do. 1 told him to tell the captain to fight on. While the flag of truce was coming in the second time, the enemy, who had dismounted, made a charge within 10 yards of the church, upon the south side. I repeatedly ordered them to fall back. They did not, and I ordered my men to fire, which dispersed them. Soon after, another attack was made from the south side, which continued for a consider- able time, the enemy not coming into close range. A flag of truce was again displayed. I beckoned it to advance. Upon coming up, the bearer stated that General Jones would bring his cannon to bear upon the church if I did not surrender. I replied, Tell him he has got none; if he has, bring them on. We are Mulligans men, and we will fight to the last crust and cartridge. He then asked for time to remove his wounded. I gave them half an hour. During that time, and while the men were removing their wounded, I sent out a squad to gather up the arms of the killed and wounded. They brougl~t in with them carbines, revolvers, sabers, bugles, & c. After the truce was over, for about another half hour the enemy only occasionally fired. Then they commenced firing briskly from a distance. I ordered my men to withhold their fire. About 8.30 oclock in the evening they made a general charge upon the east end and south side of the church. The firing raged incessantly on both sides until 9 oclock. They then were up to the building and resting the muzzles of their carbines upon the logs, from which the chiucking had been removed. Their pioneers, with axes, were cutting the barricades from the windows and doors; they had fired the church, and, availing themselves of the darkness, had l)laced a keg of powder under it; the blazing roof was now falling in. I displayed a flag of truce Page 110 110 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII They would not notice it. I ordered my men to fix bayonets, and said: If they will not give us quarter, we will die like men. I then asked if they would give us quarter. One of their officers said yes. The firing ceased, and I surrendered, throwing my arms and all other property into the flames, to save them from the enemy. My force was 83 men, of whom 2 were killed and 6 wounded. The force of the enemy was 3,100, of whom 104 were killed and wounded. Too much credit cannot be given the men of my company. There was no shrinking among them. Each man held his post unfalteringly. They were ever obedient to orders and prompt to execute them. I strove to imitate Lexington. I am, sir, your obedient servant, MARTIN WALLACE Captain Company G, Irish Brigade (Twenty-third illinois). JAMES F. COSGROYE, Adjutant Irish Brigade (Twenty-third Illinois). [Indorsements.] HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF WEST VIRGINIA, Clarksburg, July 1, 1863. Respectftilly forwarded to Major-General Schenck, commanding Eighth Corps, for his information. B. F. KELLEY, Bri~qadier- General. IIDQRS. MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, EIGHTh ARMY CORPS, Baltimore, Md., July 18, 1863. Respectfully returned to Brigadier-General Kelley, within whose de- partment and command these men and officers now are. The general commanding this department hopes that he will have some distinguish- ing notice secured at the Headquarters of the Army of the men who have behaved so gallantly. ROBT. C. SCHENCK, Major- General. No. 3. Report of Col. James A. Mulligan, Twenty-third Illinois Infantry, of sktrm2sh at Fa~rmont. GRAFTON, April 29, 1863. GENERAL: After a fight of three hours, our forces have been drawn back from Fairmont to Grafton. I will be attacked here to-night. JAS. A. MULLIGAN, Brigadier-General ROBERTS. Colonel, Commanding. No. 4. Report of Lieut. George W. B. Dorsey, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, of skirmish at Pairmont. GRAF TON, April 29, 1863. COLONEL: Scouts just in report our force at Fairmont was captured before re-enforcements reached them. The rebels have fired the bridge at each end, blown up a middle pier, and destroyed the track this sid Page 111 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 111 of the bridge. They have driven the re-enforcements back, with a loss of 6 wounded. This is reliable, as a hand-car with the scouts left the train and brought theinformation. The train with reenforcements has gone back toward bridge to pick up some skirmishers. Colonel Mulli- gan is in camp, about 1 mile from here. G. W. E. DORSEY. Col. N. WILKINSON. No. 5. Report of Got. George P. Latham, Second West Virginia Infantry, of skirmish at West Union. WESTON, W. VA., May 18, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report to you that on May 4, being then in cau~p at Bridgeport, I received your order to proceed with my regiment on the railroad westward, for the purpose of protecting it from the incursions of the enemy. I immediately started, and leaving Lieu- tenant-Colonel Scott with three companies at Salem, 15 miles from Clarksburg, I proceeded with the other six companies to West Union, in Doddridge County, 14 miles farther, at which place I arrived about 3 a. m. the 5th instant. During the ~iorning of the same day a train arrived from Parkers- burg, with one company of the Eleventh West Virginia Volunteer In- fantry, having distributed the balance of that regiment at different points along the road. Nothing of importance occurred here until about 6 p. m. on the 6th instant, when two regiments of rebel cavalry made their appearance, driving in our pickets on the Weston and Clarksburg roads at the same time. They approached to within about 600 yards, as though they would attack, but a volley from our long-range rifled muskets caused them to fall back, and night soon coming on, which was very dark, they drew off having destroyed two small railroad bridges at Smithton, 3 miles east of West Union. At this place the enemy captured 15 of my outside infantry pickets and 3 scouts, all of whom were informally paroled, and have been or- dered to duty. We took I prisoner. No other loss known on either side. I remained at West Union until the 11th instant, when I received your order to join the balance of the command at this place. I started immediately and reached here on the 13th instant. I have the honor to report my regiment in good condition with regard both to health and spirits. I am, sir, with much respect, your most obedient servant, G. R. LATHAM, Colonel Co Capt. J. McC. BELL, , mmanding. Assistant AdJwtant- General, Weston, W. Va. No. 6. - Itinerary of the First Division, Eighth Army Corps, April 130, 1863.* April 1.Brigadier-General Kelley assumed command, by fQrmal order, of the First Division, Eighth Army Corps, under General Orders, No. 19, Department Headquarters, at Harpers Ferry. * From Record of Events, on division return Page 112 112 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. April 6.The enemys cavalry attacked a forage train of the Fourth Brigade, Colonel Campbell, and captured five wagons. Pursuit was made, the enemy overtaken 18 miles from iRomney, where a sharp skir- mish ensued, and they drove back and ftdlowed to Moorefleld, ga., their camp shelled, and the wagons recaptured. April 20.Alexanders battery of light artillery, of the First Brigade, ordered to Berryville, to report temporarily for duty to Major-General Milroy. April 25 [l].A rebel force, under General Imboden, having aftacked and driven the forces of Brigadier-General Roberts at Beverly, the Twenty-third Illinois, One hundred and sixth New York, and Mulli- gans battery, Colonel Mulligan commanding, were sent to Grafton, Va., and from thence marched to Philippi, Va., to the relief of Colonel Larham, of Brigadier-General Roberts command. Engaged the ad- vance guard of the enemy, drove it back, and afterward, at 1 a. m. of the 27th, marched from Philippi to Grafton for the re-enforcement of that place. April 25.Captain Smith, Fourteenth [West] Virginia Infantry, and 30 men left New Creek, and proceeded to Greenland Gap, Hardy County, distant 25 miles, to relieve Captain Wallace, Twenty-third Illinois, on duty at the gap with his company (G), numbering 49 men. Arriving at 5 p: in., they found Captain Wallace assailed by a large force of the enemy, supposed to be 1,500 strong, under Brigadier-General Jones, C. S. Army. Captain Wallace took up position in a church and Captain Smith in a log-house, about 100 yards distant. They gallantly repulsed three attacks of the enemy, and surrendered only after the rebels, under cover of the darkness, had approached from the rear and fired the eLi urch, rendering further resistance impracticable. Union loss, killed and about 12 wounded. Rebel loss supposed to be about 35 iu killed an(l wounded. April 26.A portion of the rebel forces approached the railroad at Rowlesburg, and attacked Major Showalter, Sixth [West] Virginia In- fantry, in command of about ~50 men, but were driven oIL Company 0, Sixth [West] Virginia Infantry, Captain Godwin ,on duty at Oakland, was surprised, cal)ture(l, aLl(l l)arOled by the enemy, who then crossed the railroad at different points, and proceeded to Morgantown, Va., where they concentrated the different portions of their force, which moved against the railroad at different points~ from thence to Fair- mont, at which place was doing guard duty only a force of about 275, composed of parts of two companies of the One hundred and sixth New York, Thirteenth Pennsylvania, Sixth [Westj Virginia, and a number of armed militia. April 29.An attack was made by the enemy, numbering over 3,000, and after a stubborn resistance the Federal force was captured and the bridge at that point destroyed. The enemy then retreated via Shiunston arid Bridgeport (at which latter place they captured 14 men of the Sixth [West] Virginia Infantry), to elThct a junction with Generals Imboden and Jackson at Buckhannon. A detachment sent by Colonel Mulligan from Grafton to Fairmont, to relieve the garrison there, arrived a short time after the surrender, and, after some protracted and desultory fight- ing, was compelled to fall back to Grafton. Also on the 26th, Colonel Smith, commanding brigade, moved from Martinsburg, Va., with the One hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio and Manisbys battery, to New Creek, and on the 27th from thence to Green- land Gap, and on the 28th to Camp Storm, near the junction of the Moorefield and Alleghany turnpike and the Northwestern Virginia turn- pike Page 113 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 113 April 27.The Fourth and Seventh Regiments Maryland Infantry, of Brigadier-General Kenlys command, were ordered to move west- ward. They were stationedone regiment at Oakland, the other at Rowlesburg. April 30.The First and Eighth Maryland and Miners [Indiana] battery, also of General Kenlys brigade, moved to Grafton, Va., then threatened by a superior force of the enemy. No. 7. Report of Maj. Alonzo W. Adams, First New York Cavalry. -MOOREFIELD, A 27, 18634 p. m. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that I occupy Moorefield. The enemy left here 10 oclock this morning, in the direction of Peters- burg. This is unquestionably so, for the information comes from all quarters. I send you also a prisoner who deserted the enemy. He gives the same information. General Jones left here two or three days ago, on Saturday morning, with the main body of his force, comprising cavalry, infantry, and ar- tillery; the exact number I cannot ascertain. The last heard of him he was at Greenland, and on his way to New Creek or Oakland. He has not yet returned. The force which left here this morning consisted of 350 infantry, Maryland Line, five 6-pounder rifled guns, and four regiments of cavalry, numbering not more than 2,100 in all, 1,600 of which are cav- alry. This latter force left this morning; has gone to Petersburg, 11 miles southwest of Moorefield, but for what destination I cannot ascer- tain. Some of the citizens seem to think General Jones will return here to-night or to-morrow. I shall endeavor to hold Moorefield until I hear from you, in accordance with your instructions. I am informed just a moment since that Imboden forms a junction with the force which left under General Jones on Saturday at some point on the railroad west of this, for the purpose of destroying it. In my conversation with a citizen it was hinted that he (Jones) would take care of General Milroy while we are up here. This, however, I attach very little importance to. It may have been said to save Jones. I hold this place till I hear from you. I have the hoimor to be, in haste, your obedient servant, A. W. ADAMS, Major, Commanding, & e. Brig. Gen. W. L. ELLIOTT. I~o. 8. Reports of Brig. Gen. William E. Jones, C. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS NORTHWEST VIRGINIA, Weston, Va., May 4, 1863. GENERAL: In compliance with instructions from your headqnarters, on the 21st ultimo I left my camp at Lacey Spring, Rockiugham County, with all my available strength in cavalry, infantry, and artillery, for the 8 1? R~-YOL XXV, PT Page 114 114 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. purpose of co.operating with General Imboden in Northwest Virginia. The men and horses unfit for a hard campaign were left, under Lieu- tenant-Colonel Funsten, near llarrisonbarg, to repress marauding from toward Winchester and to afford protection to the people of the Valley. Close communications were formed with Brig. Gen. Fitz. Lee to secure timely succor in case of need. Unfavorable weather and the condition of the roads made the first three days to Moorefield exceedingly arduous. We found the South Branch past fording, and were compelled to make a detour by Petersburg to get over. Here the ford was rough and dangerous from the swiftness of the stream. When but a small portion of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry had passed, 1 man and horse were drowned and the others narrowly escaped. Citizens of Petersburg, whose names I will ascertain and report to you, came manfully to our assistance, recklessly plunging to the assistance of all in peril, and remaining for hours in the cold water uiitil all were safe over. It was my intention to have packed from the old fields forage for our horses while engaged in the destruction of the trestling at Cheat River. The forage could not be had, so on the 25th we were compelled to start with our sacks empty, trusting to fortune. The pass at Greenland, contrary to information we had received, was found occupied by the enemy. Finding a loss of time must be incurred by attempting to turn this post, and fearing our plans might in the mean time be discovered, I determined to attempt a surprise, and, failing in that, to carry the place by assault. Colonel Dulany, with the Seventh Virginia Cavalry, charged the place gallantly, but failed to prevent the garrison from securing buildings which completely defended the l)ass. Colonel Dulany had his horse killed and was himself wounded through the arm. The battalions of White and Brown were dismounted and ordered to assault the place at dusk. They did the work assigned to them in the most handsome manner. Under their l)rotection, Lieuten- ant Williamson, of the engineers, succeeded in firing the building in which the main body were posted. This soon led to a surrender. We took 75 prisoners, 4 wagons, and 1 ambulance, with their teams. Our loss was 6 killed and about 20 wounded. We experienced an unfortu- nate detention of four hours here, depriving us of important captures afterward. Arriving at the northwestern grade, Colonel ilarman and Major Brown were sent on Oakland, and a squadron of the Eleventh Virginia Cav- alry, nuder Captain [E. H.] McDonald, on Altamont. Both succeeded, and but for the delay at Greenland would have captured a train of offi- cers belonging to Mulligans command. With the residue of my cavalry I attacked Rowlesburg. From the feebleness with which my orders were executed here, the attack failed. Being late in the day, and my horses having been on a forced march of thirty-six hours, without food, it was necessary to go for forage. About dark I moved on to feed and to join Colonel ilarman and Captain McDonald, who had moved on Morgantown by the way of Kingwood. On the evening of the 27th, having no tidings of General Imboden, I[ left Evansville in search of ilarman, destroying a two-span bridge on the railroad at Independence. I met Colonel Harman about 12 miles south of Morgantown, turned him back, and, with my whole command, crossed the Monongahela on the bridge at that town, resting until dark to prevent knowledge of our route reaching the enemy. We marched on Fairmont, where we arrived early next day. Here we found about 400 infantry, which we attacked vigorously, and soon succeeded in cap- turing 260 and in securing the railroad bridge across the river there. Page 115 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 115 This we destroyed completely, throwing the whole magnificent struct~ nrc into the water. Two years were spent in its construction, and six months was required to bnild the centers on which to erect the super- structure. At dark we again marched for Clarksburg, resting a part of the night. On the 30th, we moved on toward Clarksburg, but finding the place occupied by Brig. Gen. B. S. Roberts, we turned on Bridgeport, where Major Brown captured 46 prisoners. Here we fired a bridge and tall trestling, and captured a train, which we destroyed. In passing Philippi, my led horses and cattle were sent on to Beverly, while the remainder of my force joined General Imboden at Buckhannon. We have destroyed nine railroad bridges, Captured two trains, one piece of artillery, over 500 prisoners, and secured for the Government from 1,200 to 1,500 horses and nearly 1,000 cattle. Our losses in men and horses will be small. When time and circum- stances will admit, a more detailed report will be made. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. E. JONES, Brigadier- General, Commanding. General R. E. LEE, Commanding Army of Northern Virginia. [Indorsernent.] HEADQUARTERS, May 12, 1863. Respectfully forwarded for the information of the Department. Gen- eral Jones and his command deserve much credit for what they have accomplished. R. E. LEE, General. HEADQUARTERS VALLEY DISTRICT, Near Harrisonburg, Va., May 26, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor herewith to transmit the reports of the commanders of the different regiments and battalions 1 hat acompanied my late expedition into Western Virginia. flaying already rendered a brief report of operations up to my arrival at Weston, Lewis (ionnty,I beg leave now to enter more into detail, and to include all worthy of your notice until my command reached this point. My authority to under- take an expedition into Western Virginia is in your letter of April 7,* replying to mine of March 31.t ln compliance with this authority, and arrangements made with General J. D. Imuboden for a concert of action on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, I left my camp at Lacey Spring, Rockingham County, Virginia, with all my available strength in cavalry, infantry, and artillery. The infantry and a tillery were taken with the hope of an encounter with the enemy on the South Branch of the Po- tomac. In this we were disappointed. The men and horses nufit for a bard campaign were left, nuder Lient. Col. 0. R. Funsten, of the Elev- enth Virginia Cavalry, near Harrisonburg, to repress marauding from toward Winchester and to afford protectioii to the people of the Valley. Maj. S. B. Myers, of the Seventh Virginia Cavalry, an experienced and efficient outpost commander, was posted on picket duty near Strasburg, See Lee to Jones and Jmbo4en, April 7, in Correspondence, etc t Not fonnd Page 116 116 [CHAP. XXXVJL N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. witlitliree companies well acquainted with the country, from the Seventh, ~leventh, and Twelfth Virginia Cavalry. With these, and dismounted cavalry as sharpshooters, he rendered good service, inflicting, by a skill- ful ambuscade, heavy loss on a force of the enemy much his superior in numbers. He was directed to form close communication with Brig. ti-eu. Fitz. Lee, at Sperryville, for information and succor in case of need. In this position Major Myers fully sustained his reputation, and has proveu himself a good officer and faithful public servant. His report, and that of Colonel Funsten , * will give the details of their operations. Unfavorable weather and the condition of the roads made the first three days to Moorefield exceedThgly arduous. A failure on the part of my brigade qnartermaster to have supplies at Cootzs Store, as directed, en- tailed delay highly detrimental. It prevented our reaching the South Branch until a rise in the waters made a detour of 25 miles by Peters- burg necessary, and this delay deprived us of the power of preventing the junction of General Mulligan with the other forces of the enemy The ford at Petersburg was wide, deep, rough, and, from the strength of the current, exceedingly dangerous. When but a part of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry, the leading regiment, had crossed, I man and horse were drowned and two others narrowly escaped. But for the timely as- sistance of Messrs. Hutton, Cunningham, and other citizens of Peters- burg, and Private Aaron Welton, Company F, Seventh Virginia Cav- alry, our loss must have been serious. The bravery and hardihood evinced by them on this occasion is worthy of the highest praise. The conduct of the Rev. Mr. [Richard T.] Davis, chaplain of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry, was here conspicuously good. His example in cour- age and his abiding faith in Providence won the admiration of all. The enemy having failed to make his appearance in the vicinity of Moorefield, and our subsequent movements to be successful requiring a celerity not attainable by infantry and artillery, it was deemed best to send these, under Lieutenant-Colonel [James R.] Herbert, as convoy to the wagon train on its way back to the Valley. fle marched from Moore- field by way of Franklin, gathering up all the surplus bacon in his route. For particulars you are referred to his report. It was my intention to have packed from the old fields on the South Branch forage for the horses while we were engaged in the destruction of the bridge and trestle-work near Rowlesburg, but the great scarcity of corn made it necessary to start with our sacks empty, and trust to chance. The pass at Greenland, contrary to information received, was occupied by the euemy. The loss of time in turning this post might have en- dangered the success of the general plan, so I deemed it proper to attempt carrying the place by assault. The cavalry charge under Lieu- tenant-Colonel [Thomas] Marshall, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, failed to so completely surprise the enemy as to secure th. log church and other building, into which a retreat was made. Colonel Dulany, in supporting this charge, had his horse killed, and was himself so severely wounded through the arm as to have to remaiu on the ground. This regiment had 3 men killed and 10 wounded, and suffered severely in horses. Enough passed to secure the rear of the position. The sharpshooters of this regiment secured the woods and hillside on the left. The Mounted Rifles ef [Lieut. Col. V. A.] Witchers battalion, under Captain [J.] Chapman, were dismounted and thrown to the right. They pene- trated close to the buildings and secured the stone works erected by the * For Funstens report, see April 22May 16, Operations in the Shenandoah Valley, etc., Va., p. 111. Myer report not found. Page 117 CHAP. XXXYIIj JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 117 enemy. A flag was now sent, demanding a surrender, which was refused. Being nearly dark, [Maj. iRidgely] Browns and Whites battalions were dismounted and formed the storming party. The pioneers, under Lieut. William G. Williamson, engineer, had torches and powder ready for firing and blowing up the buildings. The attack under Brown and White was made gallantly, and soon Lieutenant Williamson had the buildinga ill flames, which quickly caused a surrender. Our loss in this attack, owing to the uncertainty of aim in the dark, was but 4 killed and 8 or 10 wounded. Among the latter, Major Brown, in the leg, slightly; Captain [R. C.] Smith, of Browns battalion, in the arm, severely; also Lieutenants [George W.] Booth, [J. A. V.] Pue, and [Edward] Beatty, of Browns battalion. Our entire loss during the fight was 7 killed and 22 wounded. The enemy lost 2 killed and 6 or 8 wounded, 80 prisoners, 4 wagons and teams, and 1 ambula nce and team. Owing to a lack of transportation, the arms (90 Enfield rifles) were destroyed. The detention here prevented the captare of a train in which were most of the officers of Mulligans command. Arriving at the northwestern grade, Colonel [A. W.] ilarman was sent with the Twelfth Virginia Cavalry, Browns Maryland battalion of cavalry, and [John H.] McYeills compaiy of Partisan Rangers, to burn the bridge at Oakland, and to march thence by way ot~ Kingwood on Morgantown. A squadron of the Eleventh Virginia Cavalry, under Captain [E. H.] McDonald, was sent from the same point to Altamont, 12 miles east of Oakland, to bnrn some small bridges, and then to follow and join Colonel Harman. The remainder of my force moved on Bowles- burg by the northwest grade, arriving at Cheat River about 2 p. m. Sunday, April26. Having captured the I)ickets of the enemy, and learn- ing there was a garrison of only 300 men at IRowlesbnrg, Colonel [John S.] Green, of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry, was ordered to charge the place, and Lieutenant-Colonel Marshall, with the Seventh Virginia Cav- alry, and Colonel [Lunsford L.] Lomax, with the Eleventh Virginia Cavalry, were ordered to follow in his support. Captain [0. T.] Weems, of the Eleventh Virginia Cavalry, with 80 sharpshooters of hms regi- ment, and a part of Witchers battalion, was sent across the hills from the bridge of the northwest grade to attack the east end of the railroad bridge at Rowlesburg, and to fire it at all hazards. Colonel Green was ordered not to be stopped by a mere interior infantry picket, which was posted about a mile above the town, but to charge by and leave these men to the care of the regiments in his rear. If a heavy force awaited him in the bluff above the road along the river, then to dislodge them with sharpshooters, and proceed. I remained at the bridge of the northwest grade, to burn it, if necessary, to guard the rear if attacked, and to sustain either party in case of need with the stragglers coming up. Colonel Green allowed himself to be stopped by less than 20 men, and Captain Weems attacked feebly with only 28 mneu, leaving the remainder of his command to guard his rear against an imnaginary foe. Both attacks failed, and near sundown Ifound my command without for- age, afterthirty-sixhonrs of forced marching. One part of my command was penetrating the enemys country already beyond recall. General Imboden had not been heard of, and could not be abandoned. To renew the attack without the hope of surprise was out of the question, with the difficulties of the gronud against us. It was deemed best to pass on, leaving the railroad bridge aiid trestle-work unharmed, and the garrison at Ilowlesburg in our rear. After a few hours of night march- ing, we found a scanty supply of forage, and went into camp. Next morning, moving on Evansville, corn was secured for the horse Page 118 118 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL and meat rations for the men. Couriers were sent to General Imboden, and scouts in all directions for information. Country rumor put strong forces on all the roads, and the truth was nowhere to be had. Late in the evening a courier brought the information that Lieutenant [C. 11.] Fandiver and party (8 men) had captured Independence and a [Tome Guard of 20 men, where, in the morning, the most reliable information of the country had already two regiments. Soon Lieutenant [J. G.] Shoup returned with the telegraph operator and instruments from New- burg, and all the other scouts returned without information. Fearing news would travel rapidly along the railroad, a force was thrown at once into Independence, and the two-span bridge near that place was effectually destroyed. My whole command crossed the railroad about dark, going north to form a junction with Colonel ilarman. About midnight, finding forage, and having heard of ilarman, we went into camp. At daylight Ilarman joined us, bringing the first tidings of his and McDonalds success at Oakland and Altamont. The whole command ~was marebed on Morgantown that day, the 28th, arriving about 12 in., and crossed the suspension bridge to the west side of the Monongahela River. Here we fed our horses, and rested until dark, when the line of march was taken for Fairmont. At 9 ocLock the command went into camp, and resumed the march at 1 a. m. Learning the bridge over Buf- falo Creek had been injured and was guarded, a detour by Barracksville became necessary. This brought us into town by the road from the west. Finding the hills commanding this road occupied by the enemy, the command turned to the right through the woods and fields, flank- ing their position, and entered the town at a charge, pell-mell, with the fugitives. Soon Colonel ilarman, with the advance, secured and repaired the suspension bridge over the river, and crossed his regiment with a portion of Whites battalion. A part of the hostile forces in Fairmont retreated up the east bank of the river, the remainder going up the west bank, both joining the forces stationed at the bridge for its protection. As soon as the position of the enemy could be ascertained, simultaneous attacks were made on both sides of the river. After moderate resist- ance, a white flag was shown, and 260 prisoners surrendered. Their arms were scarcely stacked before a train with artillery and in- fantry arrived from Grafton. The enemy at once commenced shelling our troops on the west bank of the river, and moved forward the infantry. to recover the railroad bridge. These were promptly met by Colonel ilarman on his side of the river. Lientenant-ColonelMarshall, withgreat presence of mind, moved his horses under shelter of a hill, and called on his men to (lismount and take up the captured arms. This call was most gallantly answered by the ever-ready Seventh Virginia Cavalry, and the reception of the new-comers was soon too warm for a long tarry. Colonel ilarman sent me word that with slight re-enforcements he could capture the whole command, but as the bridge was my main object, I preferred to exert my whole energy in its de4ruction, and to allow the troops who could do me no more harm to escape. Lient. William 0-. Williamson, engineer, assisted by Captain [John] Henderson, formerly of Ashbys cavalry, in charge of working parties, commenced the task of destruction, and soon after dark had the satisfaction of seeing this m~gnificent struct- ure tumble into the river. The bridge was of iron; three spans, each 300 feet. More than two ye is were required for its construction, and six months for the erection of the centers on which to fix the superstruct- ure of iron. It cost $486,333. Much time must elapse before this gap can be closed. The fruits of this days work (April 29) were 4 railroa Page 119 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 119 bridges destroyed, 1 piece of artillery, 300 small-arms, 260 prisoners, and many fresh horses captured. Our loss 3 wounded; the enerny~s, 12 killed and many wounded. The skill and daring of Colonel ilarman were conspicuous on this occasion. Colonel Green again failed to exe- cute the part assigned him. Leaving our wounded in the hands of kind friends, at dark we resume4 our march in search of General Imboden. Marching a few hours, we en- camped, resuming the march early next morning. From some captured furloughed men finding Clarksburg occupied by the enemy, we crossed the Monongahela, went up Simpsons Creek, and captured the force at Bridgeport, 5 miles east of Clarksburg. This work was done by the Maryland cavalry, under the gallant Major Brown. Forty-seven pris- oners were captured, with their arms and a few horses. A bridge to the left of the town was destroyed and a captured train run into the stream. Tall trestling to the right of town was burned. Marching until some time after dark, we encamped. Moving on early the next day, gathering horses and cattle, we reached iPhilippi about noon. The enemy had damaged the bridge, but Lieu- tenant Williamson soon had it in condition to pass over the Sixth Vir- ginia Cavalry, the led horses, and the cattle, all of which moved on the road to Beverly. Rid of this incnmbrance, the remainder of my force marched on the road to Buckhannon, where I expected to join General Imboden. Being less apprehensive of danger, the march became more moderate. On May 2, a few miles from Buckhannon, was received the first cer- tain intelligence of General Imboden, we having met a man of his command on furlough. On my arrival in Buckhannon, II found General Imboden ready to move to Weston. General Roberts had retreated to Clarksburg by this road, the more direct roads having been rendered impassable by winter hauling for the troops of the enemy. The original plan of campaign, as will be seen from my letter to you of March 31,* contemplated simultaneous attacks on the Baltimore and Ohio Raijroad at Grafton and Oakland by General Imboden and myself. Nothing different was for a moment entertained until after all was in motion, when a letter from General Imboden came, stating that I would reach Oakland the day he reached Beverly, so as to cut off re-enforce- ments from the east. It was now too late to rearrange or halt. Knowing the difficulty of moving wagons over mountain roads in early spring, I stipulated with General Imboden no such impediment should clog his movements after leaving lluttonsville. I was surprised to find a train of 70 wagons at Buckhannon. Had our original plan been carried out, I feel confident Northwestern Virginia could have been cleared to the Ohio. At this point Colonel ilarman was sent to bring up from Beverly the Sixth Virginia Cavalry and the stragglers from other regiments, many having accompanied the led horses. My cavalry moved on the direct road to Clarksburg, and then on by-roads, flanking on the right that followed by General Imbodens command. At Weston we rested two days, during which time Colonel Harman returned with the re-en- forcements from Beverly. Feeling confident much danger would attend the attack of Clarksbnrg, on consultation with General Imboden it was agree(l he should move south, while my cavalry should assail the North- western Railroad toward Parkersburg. This movement commenced on May 0. Colonel Harman, with the Twelfth and Eleventh Regiments and Thirty-fourth (Witchers) Battal Not found Page 120 120 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. ion Virginia Cavalry, moved on West Union, while, with the remainder of my command, 1 took the Parkersburg pike. to attack the railroad at Cairo. Both were entirely successful. Colonel ilarman amused a strong infantry force with skirmishers while parties were burning the two bridges to the right and left of the town. At Cairo, the guard being small, surrendered without firing a gun. Three bridges, of probably 60 feet span, and a tunnel cribbed with wood, were burned. I captured 20 men and 1 lieutenant. Colonel Harinan captured 94 men. All were paroled and their arms destroyed. This work was done by hard march- ing, my command having traveled upward of 80 miles without unsad- dling. From here we moved on Oiltown, where we arrived on May 9. The wells are owned mainly by Southern men, now driven from their homes, and their property is appropriated either by the Federal Government or Northern men. This oil is used extensively as a lubricator of machinery and for illumination. All the oil, the tanks, barrels. engines for pump- iug, engine-houses, and wagonsin a word, everything used for raising, holding, or sending it off was burned. The smoke is very dense and jet black. The boats, filled with oil in bulk, burst with a report almost equaling artillery, and spread the burning fluid over the river. Before night huge columns of ebon smoke marked the meanderings of the stream as far as the eye could reach. By dark the oil from the tanks on the burning creek had reached the river, and the whole stream became a sheet of fire. A burning river, carrying destruction to our merciless. enemy, was a scene of magnificence that might well carry joy to every patriotic heart. Men of experience estimated the oil destroyed at 150,000 barrels. It will be many months before a large supply can be had from this source, as it can only be boated down the Little Kana- wha when the waters are high. My orders were in all cases to respect private property, irrespective of the politics and part taken in the war by the owners. Horses and supplies were to be gathered indiscrimi- nately. Two saw-mills (private property) were burned by my order one, at Fairmont, was engaged on a contract with the Federal Gov- ernment in making gun-stocks, and had on hand many thousandm the other, at Cairo, would have been used to repair the damages done the railroad. I am aware my orders were in a few instances disobeyed. The library of Peirpoint was burned, in retaliation for a like act on the part of the ambitious little man. One or two stores were plundered, but as far as practicable the goods were restored. From Giltown we marched by Glenville and Sutton to Summerville, where the command of General Imboden was again overtaken. Our exhausted condition and exhausted supplies rendered homeward move- ments necessary. Our marches henceforward were easy, and little of interest occurred. In thirty days we marched nearly 700 miles through a rough and sterile country, gathering subsistence for man and horse by tlie way. At Greenland and Fairtuont we encountered the enemys forces. We killed from 25 to 30 of the enemy, wounded probably three times as many, captured nearly 700 prisoners, with their small-arms, and 1 piece of artillery, 2 trains of cars, burned 16 railroad bridges and 1 tunnel, 150,000 barrels of oil, many engines, and a large number of boats, tanks, and barrels, bringing home with us about 1,000 cattle, and prob- ably 1,200 horses. Our entire loss was 10 killed and 42 wounded, the missing not exceeding 15. Throughout this arduous march the men and officers evinced a cheer- flU endurance worthy of tried veterans. They have shown a skill i Page 121 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 121 gleaning a precarious subsistence from a country desolated by two years of oppressive tyranny and brutal war that would have won the admira- tion of the most approved Cossack. With such troops the country of the enemy can be reached at almost any point. The attention of the general commanding is respectfully called to the gallant conduct of Private Thomas E. Tippett, of Company A, Whites battalion, mentioned in the report of his commanding officer describing the affair at Greenland. At the same place Private W. Alexander Buck, Company E, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, a mere youth, charged up to the church occupied by the enemy, fired all the loads of his pistol through the crevices of a bar- ricaded window, holding his position until his pony was twice shot and bayoneted and killed. He is deemed every way worthy of a commission in our Regular Army. If any one officer or man deserves especial mention it is Major iRidgely Brown, of the [First Battalion] Maryland Cavalry. He was shot in the leg at Greenland, there being two inches between the entrance and exit of the ball, yet he continued on duty, not even examining the wound until he arrived at Buckhannon, a distance of 168 miles, and then started home on the earnest ~olicitation of Dr. [iR. P.] Johnson. To my personal staffCapt. W. K. Martin, assistant adjutant-gen- eral; Lieut. W. M. Hopkins, aide-de-camp, and Mr. A. E. Richards, vol- unteer aide-de-campmy thanks are especially due for their efficient services in the prompt transmission of all orders and general attention to business under most trying circumstances. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. E. JONES, Brigadier- General, Commanding. General R. E. LEE, Commanding Army of Northern Virginia. [Indorsement.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, June 15, 1863. Respectfully forwarded to the Adjntant and Inspector General. The expedition under General Jones appears to have been conducted with commendable skill and vigor, and was productive of beneficial results. The injury inflicted on the enemy was serious, and he will doubtless be induced to keep troops to guard the railroad who might be otherwise employed against us. General Jones displayed sagacity and boldness in his plans, and was well supported by the courage and fortitude of his officers and men. R. E. LEE, General. [Inclosure.] Table of Gasualtie8 in Brig. Gen. FE. B. Jones command during expedition to .Northwe8t Virginia, April 20May 20, 1863. Skirmish at Greenland Gap, W. Va., April 25. Wounded. First Maryland Cavalry (2 mortally) 15 Whites Battalion Virginia ca airy (1 mortally) - - 5 Seventh Regiment Virginia Cavalry (3 mortally) - - -. 13 Twelfth Regiment Virginia Cavalry (1 mortally) 5 Sixth Regiment Virginia Cavalry Page 122 [CHAP. XXXVII. 122 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. Action at Fairmont, W. Va., April 29. Wounded. First Maryland Cavalry Battalion (2 mortally). - . 3 Sixth Virginia Cavalry 3 Twelfth Regiment Virginia Cavalry - 1 Skirmish at Bridgeport, W. Va., April 30. First Maryland Cavalry Battalion (mortally) 1 Eleventh Virginia Cavalry (mortally) 1 RICHARD P. JOHNSON, Chief Surgeon Valley District. No. 9. Report of Lieut. W. G. Williamson, C. S. Engineers. HEADQUARTERS VALLEY DISTRICT, May 26, 1863. GENERAL: The following is a report of my operations during your recent campaign in Western Virginia: I left camp near Lacey Spring with yourself and staff on April 21, having receipted to Lieutenant [A. W.J McDonald ~jr.] for ordnance stores suitable for the work I was to undertake. On April 25, opposite Moorefield, I took charge of the pack-mnle~, and attended to their being packed, and succeeded in getting them started. About the middle of the day I asked for a commissioned officer to be detailed to take charge of these pack-mules. Lieutenant [J. A.] Moliler, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, with a small number of pioneers, was ordered to report to me, and I put him in command. On reaching Greenland, where there was a small force of the enemy making a gallant stand in a log church, I went off on the right of the turnpike, where Lieutenant- Colonel Witchers battalion was stationed as sharpshooters, and recon- noitered the enemys position. Came back, and reported to you that I thonght I could, with the pioneers, assist you in dislodging the enemy. You then ordered me to be ready, arid made the detail of pioneers. You assigned me to position behind Major Whites battalion. As soon as everything was ready, we advanced, fording a small creek twice; closed with the battalion on the church, knocked most of the windows out and some of the clinking, and set the church on fire. Soon after this the enemy surrendered. Most of the pioneers behaved very well and came up to their work boldly. I was next called on at Evansville to go to Independence, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to destroy a small bridge across Raccoon Creek. I took with me Lieutenant Moller and 4 or 5 of his men, and went with Lieutenant-Colonel Marshall, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, to within half a mile of Independence. There Colonel Marshall detailed Lieutenant [J. G.] Neff, with a detachment of his com- pany, to go with me to the bridge, about a mile above Independence. We destroyed this bridge so as to render it entirely useless and require rebuilding. On April 29, you ordered me to destroy two railroad bridges at Bar- rackville. These bridges were wooden, and I burned them. One was only 30 or 40 feet long; the other upward of 100. The same dayafter you had captured a for~ of the enemy (268 in number) at Fairmont Page 123 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 123 was ordered up to destroy the iron bridge over the Monongahela. Cap- tain [John] Henderson, a civil engineer of considerable experience, was with me, and the pioneers not getting np as soon as we could have wished, and re-enforcements having come from Grafton to the enemy, we concluded to set fire to three kegs of powder placed under the iron piers, which we did, and we also set fire to the bridge in three different places. The three kegs of powder exploded, but did not do the slightest damage. After the detachment sent to re-enforce the enemy retired, I told you I thought the most that could be done now with the time we had was to burn up all the wood-work of the bridge. You then ordered details, and said we would try both to burn it np and blow it down. I took charge of the men, who were covering the bridge with rails and timber, while Captain Henderson and yourself went to work with the powder. The second experiment with the powder failed to throw the bridge, which was then on fire from one end to the other, so that I thought it almost impossible to work with a large amount of powder any longer. I then returned to town, where I soon joined you. About dark we heard several reports, and afterward heard that Captain Henderson had succeeded in blowing down the entire bridge. On the 30th, by your order, I took a company from the Sixth Cavalry (Captain [W. T.j Mitchell) and set fire to some trestling about half a mile above Bridgeport. On May 1, I repaired the bridge across the Tygarts Valley River at Philippi, the enemy having ripped up the flooring and cut some of the flooring joist. On May 7, after you had taken Cairo Station, I was sent with a de- tachnient of Major Whites battalion to burn the bridges on the North Fork of Hughes River, above Cairo. I burned two, and told the men they might set fire to the centering of a tunnel near by, thongh I did not think it would do much damage. The & istruction of these last bridges woutid up my operations. Most of the powder was used up or thrown away through necessity, the mules backs being very sore and the sacks wearing ont from the c3nstant jostling of the kegs. The iron tools that I carried out with me were thrown away by your orders, it being almost impossible to carry them. With great respect, I am, your most obedient servant, W. G. WILLIAMSON, Se:on( Lieut. Engrs., Prov. Army Confederate States. Brig. Gen. W. B. JON ~5, Commanding Valley District. No. 10. Report of Lieut. Col. James R. Herbert, First Maryland Infantry (Con federate). MAY 24, 1863. Su~: ilaving been left in command at Moorefield by the general, April 24, with orders to move lien got ready via Franklin to this place, I collected upward of 350 shagglers, formed them in a battalion, had 350 bushels of wheat ground into chop, and on the morning of the 27th left for this place in the following order: Advance guard (infantry), battalion of infantry, [R. P.] Chews battery, Baltimore Light Artillery; wagon-train, each regiment to itself, under its quartermaster or commi Page 124 124 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. sary, the whole train under the especial care of Captain [P. 11.] Wood. ward, whose services were invaluable to me in having the train parked at night and move at sun-up in the promptest manner. Next came a guard of cavalry, to prevent any one on horseback getting in the way of the train, the rear being brought up by battalion of cavalry, under Lieutenant [J. C.] Allen, followed by rear guard with myself. The prisoners sent from Greenland to me were (after my arrival here) sent on to Richmond, with the exception of onea man by name of Shreve, said to be a noted bushwhackerI ordered to be heavily ironed and left in jail at Staunton, subject to the generals order. The Jews I returned to Richmond. The morning we left Moorefield I rode into the town to see that all the men were out. Just as I left the place an(1 had got half-way to the toll- gate, about half a mile from town, I heard a dozen shots fired, citizens. running, and a man rode up and reported the Yankees as having ran him into town, and they were going up on the other side of the river to cut us off. The command was at least 4 miles ahead. I had 20 men with me. I dispatched a courier to Major [William W.] Goldsborough, First Maryland Battalion, to halt and send me one company of infantry back. I stopped on the hill where our camp was, but could see or hear no more of the Yankees. They came into Moorefield that evening about 3 oclock. I reached Harrisonbnrg the evening of the 30th, and reported at once to Lieutenant-Colonel Funsten. To Maj. George II. Kyle I was under the greatest obligations for his. zeal and activity in the double capacity of quartermaster and commis- sary. Having my command unexpectedly increased by the prisoners, guard, and 450 to 500 men, stragglers, for whom no provision had been made, through his aid I was enabled through a scarce country to bring everything through safely. Thinking the general would like to have it,, I make this report. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES R. HERBERT, Lieutenant- Colonel. Capt. WALTER K. MARTIN, Assistant Adjutant- Qeneral, Valley District. No. 11. Report of Capt. Frank A. Bond, First Battalion Maryland Cavalry (Confederate). MAY 25, 1863. I have the honor to make the following rel)ort of the part taken by this command in the late expedition through Northwestern Virginia: The battalion numbered about 230 men, all told, when we left camp on April 21. The first obstacle which presen ted any serious difficulty was the fording of the South Branch at Petersburg. This was overcome without much delay, and all crossed safely with the exception of 5 men. Three of these were not allowed to cross, owing to the weakness of their horses, and the other two attempted it, but were obliged to return with a thorough wetting. On Saturday (the 25th) we came upon the enemy at Greenland. The Seventh Regiment had the advance, followed by our battalion. The Seventh promptly charged and took the pickets, bat owing to the reserv& Page 125 cHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 125 taking refuge in a strongly built log church, theyfailed to capture them, and retired with some loss. Upon this being discovered, Company B, Lieutenant [A.] Cooke commanding, was sent out upon the New Creek road to guard against any surprise, and Companies E, Captain [W. I.] iRasin commanding, and D, Lieutenant [W. II. B.] Dorsey commanding, were dismounted to open fire with their long-range guns npon the house. This they did, but with little effect, and being deceived by the flag of truce sent by order of the commanding general by the hands of one of the prisoners, they rushed upon the house, thinking the enemy had sur- rendered, and only discovered their error when a well-directed volley was poured into them at a distance of 20 yards. By this mistake, Com- pany D lost Private Swamley, killed, and Private [Charles] Lambden, wounded; Company E lost Private Spencer, killed. Affairs remained in this position until dark, when the remaining two companies of the battalion (Company C, Captain [B. C.] Smith coin- manding, and Company A, commanded by myself) were dismounted to storm the house, Major Brown taking command of the two companies. The necessary arrangements being made the advance was ordered about 9p. m. Advancing cautiously until by the enemys opening a heavy and well-directed fire upon us we knew they had discovered our intention, we then plunged iuto - mountain stream, and, crossing it, sur- rounded the house and houses held by the enemy as soon as possible. A brief delay was now inevitable, owing to the pioneers not being up, during which time we were enveloped in a heavy fire, not only from the enemy but from Companies D and E of our battalion and from a portion of the Seventh Regiment and Thirty-fourth Battalion (who were in entire ignorance of our presence, and thought the enemy were attempt- ing a sortie), and from an advancing fire from Whites battalion, which wounded one man by my side after we had been at the house some time. I fee,l it my duty to say that, as far as I could see, the men generally behaved with great coolness and courage, going round the house and firing in wherever they could discover a crack large enough to admit the muzzle of a pistol. Almost immediately upon the arrival of the pioneers, the windows and doors were knocked open, the house set on fire, and the enemy to a man either killed or captured. Color-Corporal Carvill, of Company B, was here killed, as also was Private Samuel Dorsey, of Company C. Major Brown was slightly wounded, Adjutant [G. W.] Booth and Captain Smith severely. Private [K.] Grogan, of Whites battalion, had left his command and went into the fight by the side of his brother [Robert R. Grogan], who was in Company C, of our battalion. He was instantly killed and his brother severely wounded. Our loss has been previously reported, and I will not enumerate it here any more than to say that by our losses andithe men left to take care of the wounded the battalion was reduced to 180 men, and only 0 commissioned officers to the five companies. Company C was commanded by Second Sergt. Thomas [J.] Green from this time to our return to the Valley, and he is deserving of much credit for the manner in which he did his duty. Major Browns wound, though painful, did not disable him, and as soon as possible we took the road again for Oakland, Md., under com- mand of Colonel ilarman, the larger portion of the brigade having gone to IRowlesburg. The night being very cold (ice making freely), and all who were in the fight at the house being wet to the waist, the suffering was intense Page 126 126 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAr. XXXVIL We reached OaklaAd about noon the next day (Sunday), and assisted in the charge there, which resulted in the capture of the place and about 40 Yankees, without any loss to us. Encamping that night on the Cheat River, we the next day (Monday) advanced toward Morgantown, distant 30 miles, our battalion being in front. My company was sent ahead to charge Kingwood, which we did, but found no enemy. Here all halted to feed but our battalion, which kept directly on to Morgantown. Learning that several hun- dred citizens had armed themselves and collected here, prepared to offer resistance to our entrance, and feeling sure of the loss of life and de- struction of property which would follow upon our being fired upon by citizens, I offered to carry a flag of truce into the town to demand it~ unconditional surrender, which was allowed by Major Brown, and, being carried out, was agreed to by the citizens, who deposited their arms in the court-house and retired to their homes. Taking possession of the town, we destroyed the above-named arms, and placed guards to prevent surprise and suppress any rioting @r unmilitary conduct. The remainder of the command coming up in about two hours, at 5 p. m. we took the road to Independence, and encamped about 7 miles from the town. Starting at 2 a. in., we met General Jones with the portion of the brigade which left us near Greenland, and, retracing our steps, came back to Morgantown and encamped near the town, but on the op- posite side of the river. It was when returning to the town that, being in command of the advance guard, we were fired upon by three bush- whackers, killing Captain iRasins horse. We succeeded in capturing them after a chase down a steep mountain, and, giving them a short trial, I. had them shot on the spot where they were taken. On the morning of the 29th we arrived at Fairmont, held by about 300 infantry. Company E was here dismounted, and acted under Col. onel ilarmans orders during the fight. The battalion made a charge here which was only prevented from being entirely successful by the character of the ground and the fence, which prevented our coming to close quarters with the enemy, but, passing under a heavy fire, we effect- ually cut off all retreat, and the enemy immediately surrendered. We here lost 1 man killed and 2 wounded. The next day (Thursday) our battalion, being in front, was ordered to charge Bridgeport. This was well executed, under the command of Major Brown, and nearly the entire garrison, which consisted of one company of cavalry and one of infantry, were captured or killed, with a loss of 1 man killed upon our part. Ihave neglected to state that,whenwithin4milesof Bridgeport, Company B was sent on picket on the Clarksburg road. They were soon after attacked by what seemed to be a body of mounted infantry, numbering about 200. They retreated before them to the ford, and there made a stand, which checked the enemy until our object was accom- plished. Owing to the small number of long-range guns in Company B, they had to reply to the infantry with their pistols, which, while keep- ing them in check, prevented our inflicting much or any loss upon them. We now proceeded by easy marches to Buckhannon, at which place Major Browns wound was so much worse as to force him to give it some attention, and the command devolved upon myself It was at this place that I learned that the led horses had gone back to the Valley, and that my command was only 120 men. Passing on through Weston and resting our horses for a few days there, we arrived with the brigade at Cairo Station on Wednesday even- ing, May 7. This place was held by a small force only. Company Page 127 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 127 was again dismounted, an~ it being left to my own discretion what to do with the rest of the battalion, I moved around to the rear of the town, and throwing them into single rank, to magnify our numbers, I advanced in full view. Soon after I saw the white flag, and, going clown - to the town, assisted iu destroying the bridge. At Oiltown, where we arrived on the 9th, we assisted in firing the oil-works. It was not our good fortune to have the opportunity of doing any- thing else worthy of mention during the expedition. I do not think the command is as well mounted as before starting out, even where the men are using the captured horses, but they are in high spirits, with great confidence in themselves and their leaders, and anx- ious to be again led against the enemy. Very respectfully, your most obedient servant, FRANK A. BOND, Captain Commanding [First] Maryland Battalion~ Captain [WALTER K.] MARTIN, Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 12. Report of Lient. Col. John Shac Green, Sixth Virginia Cavalry. CAMP A SHEY, May 26, 1863. CAPTAIN: Under instructions from your headquarters, I respectfully submit herewith a report of the part taken by the Sixth Virginia Cav- alry in the recent expedition to Northwestern Virginia. On Tuesday, April 21 last, the regiment left camp, under the com- mand of Maj. C. E. Flournoy, and proceeded to Brocks Gap, the place 01 rendezvous for the different regiments of the brigade. On the following day, under order from General Jones, I joined it at that place, and took the command. We marched on with the brigade until the 24th instant, when, crossing the South Branch of the Potomac at Petersburg over a ford tha4 was very rocky and swift, we had the misfortune to have three of our horses and their riders swept down the stream. One, William Evans, of Company F, was drowned. Nothing of interest occurred in which we participated until the 26th, when we arrived within a short distance of Rowlesburg, a point where the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad crosses the Cheat River. The Sixth was there ordered by the commanding general to the front, with instruc- tions to make demonstrations upon the place, and in certain contingen- cies to charge and take it and get possession of the bridge. On ap- proaching within a mile or less of the place, and after having captured the pickets at two posts, it was ascertained that the enemy could not be surJ)rised, and that they occupied the heights commanding the road, which was very narrow. It was found necessary to send the sharp- shooters around and above them to dislodge them from their strong po- sition. This was done in part, driving them from positions nearest us, but they took others farther back and still commanding the road, and from which, with a re-enforcement of sharpshooters from the Seventh and Eleventh Regiments, they could not be driven that evening. In this skirmish one man of Company F, Sixth Virginia Cavalry, was se- verely wounded through the lungs. I was ordered by General Jones Page 128 128 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. who came up and was present during part of the skirmishing, to hold my position until dnsk, and then to recall the sharpshooters and move back, following other regiments on the Evansville road, where we en- camped for the night. On the morning of the 29th, we arrived at Fairmont. In advancing ul)on die place I wis ordered to move with my regiment around the town and across a small stream to take possession of the bridge. We found the principal part of the enemys force in charge of the bridge. After some skirmishing, they were charged by the sharpshooters of the Sixth and a few of the Seventh, and pressed most gallantly by them until their surrender. An order for a charge of the cavalry had been given by General Jones, but circumstances prevented its being made in the manner in which it was expected. After the surrender of the enemy, and before we left the field, they were re-enforced by way of the rail- road with some sharpshooters and a piece of artillery. While we were crowded together in rather a confused mass around the prisoners, they opened upon us with artillery. I immediately moved my regiment off a few hundred yards (out of range) and formed it. In a short time I was ordered to dismount the regiment and move down to aid or relieve the Seventh, who, under Colonel Marshall, was gallantly holding them in check with the guns of the prisoners just captured. We relieved the Seventh, and, with the assistance of the Twelfth, which was on the other side of the river (the same side with the enemy), succeeded in driving them nearly a mile, and finally entirely off~. The regiment was then detailed to destroy the bridge, which they aided Captain [John] ilenderson in doing, and by dusk it was thrown entirely into the river. In this action we had 3 of the Sixth slightly wounded; none killed. Much praise is due to the gallant sharpshooters and their leaders, to whom, I think, we are mainly indebted for our success with so little loss of life. After dark we marched toward Bridgeport, which place was captured on the 30th, we only participating by throwing out sharpshooters and picketing the roads. At Philippi my regiment was detached and ordered to escort the led horse train back to the Valley. When near lluttonsville, was ordered to rejoin the brigade at Weston and to leave one company to picket at Beverly. After joining the brigade, we marched with it to Cairo, where we assisted in the destruction of the railroad bridge and timbers and a tunnel near by. We proceeded thence to the oil-works in [Wirt] County, which were destroyed, together with a large quantity of oil; from thence to our present locality, at which place we arrived on the 22d. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN SHAC GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Sixth Virginia Cavalry. Capt. WALTER K. MARTIN. No. 13. Report of Lieut. Col. Thomas Marshall, Seventh Virginia Cavalry. NEAR JAMES CITY, VA., June 4, 1863. CAPTAIN: I herewith submit a report of the part taken by the Sev- enth Regiment Virginia Cavalry in the recent scout to Northwest Vir- ginia Page 129 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 129 We left our camp near Tiruberville on April 21, with an aggregate (according to company reports) of about 500. Encamped that night at Brocks Gap; next night stopped at Matthias. Reached Moorefield about 3 or 4 oclock, and remained in its Vicinity that night. On the next day moved np the river to the ford near Petersburg, where we found the river very full, current swift, and crossing rough and dangerous. A good many of our men were here deterred by faint- heartedness or weak horses. At various points on the route, up to this included, by sickness, breaking down of feeble horses, & c., our nuin- bers were diminished sensiblynot less than 50 men. Having effected the crossing at Petersburg, we moved down the South Branch in the direction of Moorefield, and encaml)ed for the night at Mr Whitino~ nearly opposite to said place. On Saturday, the 25th, we marched in the morning somewhat in the direction of an intermediate point between New Creek and Romney. Halted early in the day and fed, and then abrnptly diverged from our course and moved on toward Greenland Pass. When within 3 or 4 miles of the entrance of the pass, bearing the enemy still held it in some force, at my suggestion Colonel Dulany (our regiment being in front) gave me charge of selected sharpshooters and a portion of Company A. ~i learned that there was certainly one and perhaps two companies in the pass, but not probably any piece of artillery. I ascertained also, to some extent, the character of the pass and the former position of the pickets, which afterward we found sdmewhat changed. By the time I had gained this information, our regiment had closed, and understand- ing the orders to be that we must force our way, I ordered, with Colonel iDulanys approbation, the sharpshooters to their several companies. The regiment then moved up at a rapid charge, but having to go a con- siderable distance, and the way being rough and narrow, we could not keep well closed up. We drove in, wounded, and captured the pickets, and then pressed on upon their reserve, charging through the town (so called). We had thus far (such had been the rapidity of the movemenO effectually surprised the force in reserve, and could we have been well closed in column of fours I am satisfied we could have overwhelmed the enemy with scarce any loss of life on our side. We were, unfortunately, however, a good deal strung out. The enemy seeking the houses, corn- menced a fire, which checked for a time our advance and left to others the completion of the work. The intensity of the fire will appear when it is stated that of 16 or 17 horses in Company E, which charged upon the town, 14 were either killed or wounded. The portion of the regiment remaining took part in the conclusion of the fight. - Our loss* in men was 3 killed and 10 wounded, among the latter our highly esteemed colonel, severely, in the arm. Lieutenant [P. P.] Ken- non, of Company B, was also among the wounded. Of horses we had 13 killed and 9 wounded. I desire to say that I never saw men stand up to their work better than that portion of the regiment with which I happened to be thrown, and I would especially note the gallantry of the officers, of whom a very large l)roportion passed through in the charge. Company F had been detached from us for some days on picket, and Company C left in the Valley. After the capture of Greenland, we marched all night, and on Sunday (26th) went to Rowlesburg. The Seventh Regiment was ordered to * Nominal list on file. 9 P Ii \TOL XXV, PT Page 130 130 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII support the Sixth. Nothing having been accomplished at this point, we moved on, and encamped 6 miles east of Evansville. Monday (27th) marched on, and having halted some honrs at Evans- ville, two scoating parties, severally under Lieutenants [C. II.] Vandiver and [J. G.] Shoup, were sent out by order of General Jones, and in con- sequence of information received from them the Seventh was ordered to a station on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, called Independence, to destroy a bridge, and also some buildings at another station not far distant (name now forgotten), which being accomplished, we moved on in rear of some other regiments, and encamped west of independence several miles. The strength of the command had been considerably diminished by the affair at Greenland and hard marching. Our column was decreased by killed and woundedmen and horses, and horses broken down and men sent in charge of prisonersabout 75. Tuesday, the 28th, rejoined the Twelfth, Eleventh, and Maryland Bat- talion, which had been on detached service, and, passing through Mor- gantown, crossed the Monongahela River, and halted until nightfall within a mile of the town. Leaving camp about 8 p. in., we marched ~me miles in the direction of Fairmont, halted about 11 or 12 oclock, took a few hours sleep, and resuming the march an hour or two before day, we avoided the direct road to the towns and came upon it by a flank movement on Wednesday morning, April 29. My regiment having been ordered to bring up the rear of the line of march, was later getting into action than some others. I received an order to follow the regiments (Twelfth and Sixth). On arriving upon the ground, I failed to find im- mediately the regiments indicated. By a subsequent order of General Jones, a portion of the sharpshooters of the Seventh were dismounted and ordered to report to the colonel of the Eleventh. The rest of the column was afterward ordered to charge obliquely aeross the hills upon the enemys lines, being required to throw down several fences in front of the column. The order was only partially obeyed by me. Upon gaining the brow of the hill, I found the enemy posted behind a fence, with several others intervening. We then moved on the flank down the road leading to the bridge, becoming a good deal mixed with the Maryland Battalion. By this movement the enemys retreat was cut off. After having thrown my men into line, I moved in column of eights on the flank of the enemy, and commenced tearing down a strong post and rail fence, preparatory to a charge, meanwhile causing a few sharp- shooters, who were near, to annoy them. A moment afterward the white flag was raised by them. By the order of the general, nearly one-half of the Seventh then pres- ent was detailed to guard the prisoners off the field Their arms had just been stacked, and they handed over to us, when the ominous whizzing of a cannon-ball told that a force sent to the relief of the enemy was attacking us. Our men dismounted, seized the long-range guns of the prisoners, and opened upon the train and infantry force which was en- deavoring to gain the railroad bridge, and succeeded in checking their advance. The enemy subsequently retired from the field, being very glad, no doubt, to make his escape. The regiment remained at Fairmont until about 10 p. in., when it I~ok up the line of march with the column on the Clarksburg road, stopping next morning about 9 oclock near Shinuston to feed. Passed through Shinuston about noon, thence toward Clarksburg, and when within about 4 or 5 miles of the town changed our direction to the left, and crossed the Parkersburg Branch at Bridgeport, about 6 miles fro Page 131 eHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 131 Clarksbnrg; thence moved in the direction of Pliilippi and encamped for the night. Friday, May 1, approaching Philippi, our column was divided, the second part being sent toward Beverly. The general giving all who desired it permission to go home, the strength of the command was again materially weakened. The portion of the regiment remaining with me proceeded in the direction of Buckhannon and encamped for the night. On Saturday, May 2, we moved on toward Buckhannon, and when within a few miles of that place were directed to countermarch, which we did for a short distance, afterward taking the road to Weston, anJ encamped for the night not many miles off. Pursued our line of march next day, and halted for the night within 2 or 3 miles of Weston. Moved the next morning through the town, and encamped on the Parkersbnrg road about a mile beyond the town. On Tuesday, moved a mile or two farther on the Parkersburg road. Wednesday (6th), moved on the Parkersburg road and encamped in a meadow. Thursday (7th), left the pike at Smithville and marched north 16 miles to Cairo, on the Parkersburg Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Assisted in taking the place, burning the bridge, & c., and returned the same evening some 3 or 4 miles upon the road we had marched over in the morning. Friday (8th), moved on the pike, and encamped near Webb & Princes store. Saturday (9th), moved for a short distance on the Parkersburg road, and then diverged to the left, and moved on to the oil-wells in Wirt County, which we reached in the evening, and in the vicinity of which we encamped. Leaving said camp about 2 oclock that night, we passed up north of the Little Kanawha River, and encamped on ilolts larm. Monday (11th), passed through Glenville. Tuesday (12th), crossed the Elk River at Sutton, and encamped 5 or 6 miles beyond it. Wednesday (13th), destroyed, by order of the general, a Yankee stockade fort (a pretty hard job) near Birch River, and, passing on, encamped for the night on Hills farm. Thursday (14th), passed through Suinmerville, crossed the Gauley, and encamped at Dorseys, 15 or 20 miles from Snuimerville, on the Wilderness road. Passed through the mountains in Nicholas [County] to Meadow Bluff; and encamped on McFarlands farm. Saturday (16th), encamped 1 mile west of Lewisburg. Sunday afternoon, moved to White Sulphur Springs, and encamped for the night. Monday (18th), encamped 7 miles east of Calahans. Tuesday (19th), crossed Jacksons River, and encamped at the Warm Springs. Staid at Gleudies Wednesday, 20th. Thursday (21st), encamped at flogsheads, in the Valley. Friday (22d), arrived in camp, 1 mile west of Dayton, Rockiugham County, about 12 oclocli. Very respectfully, THOMAS MARSHALL, Lieutenant- Colonel, Corn rnctndiny AS~eventh Virginia Ca rairy. Capt. WALTER K. MARTIN. Assistant Adjutant- General Page 132 132 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. No. 14. Report of Col. Lunsford L. Lomax, Eleventh Virginia Cavalry. MAY 30, i86& CAPTAIN: I beg leave to submit the following report of the parl taken by this regiment in the late expedition into Western Virginia: In compliance with circular of April 20, 1 moved from camp, near Crotzers Springs, on the morning of the 21st, having with me about 400 men, one company (Captain [Joseph T.] Hess) being detached, under Major [S. B.] Myers, and remained in the Valley during the time we were absent. I joined the brigade at Brocks Gap, and moved the fol- lowing morning toward Moorefield, encamping on Lost Piver, and reach- ing the neighborhood of Moorefield the next day. The day following we crossed the north fork of the South Branch at Petersburg, leaving about 100 men on this side of the river who were unable to cross on account of the depth and rapidity of the current. After several days marching we reached the top of the Alleghany, where Captains McDonald and [P. A.] Daingerfield were detached with their companies, with instructions from the general commanding. This squadron proceeded on the Northwestern road in the direction of New Creek Depot, and struck the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Wilsons Station, 15 miles west of Piedmont, cutting the telegraph wires at this point. They followed the railroad in the direction of Oakland, destroy- ing the railroad in several l)laces and burning some small bridges and a water station. At Altamont, 9 miles west of Oakland, they captured an engine and train, which, in order to destroy it, was steamed up, and, through mistake on the l)art of one of the men, was started up the road, but was subsequently recaptured by Colonel Harman. Moving on through Kingwood and Morgantown, they joined the command on the 28th. The brigade meantime had moved in the direction of Rowles- burg, near which place (at Cheat River Bridge) a detachment of men with long-range guns from this regiment, were dismounted and placeJ under Captain Weems. (No rel)ort has been received from Captain Weems.) The regiment was halted beyond the bridge, and remained until evening, when we withdrew, and marched in the direction of Evansville, encamping beyond Independence the second day after,. when joined by Captains McDonald and Daingerfield. The day following we passed through Morgantown, and moved that night toward Fairmont. Upon reaching the railroad, was ordered by the general commanding to take position oii the Fairmont road, between Fairmont and Barrackville, and hold it, which I did. Dismounting the men with long-range guns of my regiment and the Maryland Battalion, and placing a detachment under Captain [M. D.] Ball, ordered him te push forward on the right and dislodge the enemys sharpshooters, who occlIl)ied the hills on the right of the road, and ordering Captain McDon- ald to move with the regiment down the road into the town, I took the remaining men with long-range guns of this regiment and the Maryland Battalion, and, with Captain Daingerfields squadron, moved forward on the left. I entered the town on the left, the enemy giving way rapidly before our line of dismounted men, and pushing on to the bridge met Captain Ball, who had entered on the right, followed by Colonel ilarman with the remaining regiments and battalions, and Captain McDonald with my own regiment. The enemy having surrendered at this point, I moved my regiment to the hill opposite the railroad snspension bridge, passing under a hot fire from the enemys infantry, covered by fences on the side of the road, without injury. Having formed the regiment,I w Page 133 CHAP. XXXVII.J JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 133 compelled in a short time to move out of ran~e of a small piece of artil- lery with which the enemy had opened upon us, the shells falling among the horses and wounding some of them. Remaining here until after dark, the entire command moved into camp beyond, on the Clarksburg road. Tb the attack made upon the rear of the column next day by the enemys cavalry, Private [Peter] Armstrong, Company 0-, was killed. We struck the railroad at Bridgeport about 3.30 p. in. A. squadron of this regiment, under Captain Weems, was detached, and burned the bridge and a large freight engine and car and a full set of Government carpenter tools. From this place we moved through Philippi and Buck. hannon to Weston, when this regiment, with the Twelfth, were sent under Colonel ilarman in a northwest direction. Within a few miles of West Union, Captain Daingerfield was sent off to the right toward the Northwest Branch Railroad. The column moved on, an advance guard under Lieutenant [Edmund] Pendleton charging and capturing the enemys picket, whom we found expecting us. We approached the town through a narrow gorge, precipitous and rocky on our right and low and swampy on our left. We found the enemy, 350 to 400 strong, drawn up in line on either side of the town. After occupying them in front until Captain Daingerfield had accomplished his object on the right, we with- drew, and were joined by Captain Daingerfield, who reported the de- struction of the railroad bridges. Striking the West Union and Harris- yule road, we moved toward llarrisville, when Colonel ilarman captured this picket and drove the enemy from the town. Encamping a few miles from here, we rejoined the brigade and proceeded to Wirt County. - Cap. tam McDonald, being sent ahead, captured several wagons and teams. The column reached the oil-wells, and, having destroyed the works, mnoved the same night from there. By order of the general commanding, I crossed the Little Kanawha about 21 miles from Glenville, and moved with Whites battalion to Calhoun Court-House, where we encamped, and marched the day following toward Glenville, when I received orders from you to move up Steer Creek and proceed to Sutton. I reached Sutton on the evening of the second day, and was directed by the gen- eral commanding to take the most direct route from that place to the Warm Springs. I accordingly moved up Elk River, crossing its various tributaries; reached Back Creek after three days severe marching, and the Warm Springs the morning of the fifth day, having laid by one day to recruit our horses. The day following, the brigade reached there. Moving next morning, we reached this camp on.the third day. During the thirty days of severe and uninterrupted marching, I was compelled to abandon many horses from disease and fatigue that were unable to be brought on. I brought out 72 horses, bought and impressed by those whose horses had given out. The casualties in the regiment during the time absent were smalli man killed, 1 wounded, several captured. Throughout the whole of this long and arduous march, characterized by the severest duties and exhausting privations, the spirit of officers and men never flagged. Every service that was demnanded of them, every danger that was to be met, was encountered with a zeal and alacrity that baffled opposition and insured success. Hardships even endured with- out murmuring and dangers without shrinking. While the conduct of all has afforded the highest satisfaction, I cannot forbear commending Captains Ball, Daingerfield, and McDonald for the eminent services they rendered. L. L. LOMAX, Colonel, Gommanding. Capt. WALTER K. MARTIN Page 134 134 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXWIL No. 15. Report of Col. A. W. flarman, Twelfth Virginia Cavalry. MAY 26, 1863. GENERAL: On April 21, I moved my regiment to Brocks Gap, with eight days rations and 40 rounds of ammunition. On the night of the 26th, with Major Browns battalion and Captain [John II.] McNeills company, I moved in the direction of Oakland, de- stroyed the turnpike bridge over the North Branch of the Potomac~ and reached Oakland at ii a. in.; surprised and captured a company of 57 men, with 2 commissioned officers, and paroled them. Destroyed a railroad bridge east of the town and the railroad and turnpike bridges over the Yonghiogheny River; also a train of cars. At Cranberry Sum- mit I captured the guard (15 men) and I)arOled them, with 20 citizens,. and destroyed the railroad property. From here I moved to Kingwood and Morgantown, which places I took without opposition. The suspension bridge over Cheat River was destroyed on the turnpike. I rejoined the command near Independence on the morning of April 28. At Fairmont, on April 29, the Twelfth Regiment, under Lient. Col. T. B. Massie (I having taken charge of the skirmishers from the Eleventh Regiment and Browns battalion), supported the skirmishers and drove the enemy from the town, crossed the suspension bridge, and drove the enemy from Palatine, and cut off their retreat by the railroad bridge. In this movement, Major White, with the dismounted men of his bat- talion, supported the Twelfth, and when the enemys re-enforcements arrived I dismounted my men, and with l)i5t015 alone drove the enemy off, and enabled the force on the North Branch of the river to destroy the bridge. Fiom Fairmont we covered the rear of the command until it reached Philippi. I had Captain [A. C.] Swindler, Lieutenants [J. W.] iKratzer and [William F.] Anderson, with 4 privates, wounded near Clarksburg. At Fairmont I had 1 man wounded and left there prisoners from straggling. - ,and 5 men taken From Weston, on May 6, with the Eleventh Regiment and Witchers battalion, I moved to West Union. Found the enemy too strong to capture the town, b at employed him in front until the bridges (two in number) were destroyed east of the town. Captured and paroled 19 prisoners. Next day proceeded to Harrisville, captured and paroled 75 Home Guards, and rejoined the command on the same night. My regiment continued with you to the Valley. I left llarrisonburg with 405 men, rank and file, and returned with 415. Only 3 men of my command left improperly. Officers and men bore the hardships of the arduous trip with cheer- fulness and fortitude. I cannot discriminate between them. The men who returned to camp were either sent back by the surgeon or on duty. Respectfully, your obedient servant, A. W. HARM AN, Colonel Twe~fth Virginia Cavalry. Brig. Gen. W. E. JoNEs, Commanding Valley District Page 135 CHAP. XXXVII.] JONES RAID ON NORTHWESTERN R. R. 135 No. 16. Report of Lieut. Col. Elijah V. White, Thirty-fifth Virginia Cavalry Battalion. MAY 25, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that, in compliance with your order of April 20, I left my camp, 2 miles north of Harrisonburg, and arrived at Brocks Gap on the evening of April 21, with an aggregate of 250 in my command. On the morning of April 22, took up the line of march, and encamped at Mathias. Encamped on the night of the 23d near Moorefield. On the morning of the 24th, moved up the South Branch of the Poto- mac to Petersburg, where we crossed the river. In consequence of the swollen state of the waters, I was here compelled to leave my weak horses, amounting in all to about 50. Moving on with the rest of my command, I en camped fQr the night at Old Fields. Gim the 25th, at about 11 oclock, took up the line of march for Green- land, where I arrived at 5 oclock with my command. Here we en- countered a force of Yankees, and by your order I dismounted all my men except those absolutely necessary to hold the horses, each man holding from 5 to 6, and all seeming anxious to engage iu the fight. I formed my dismounted men, numbering in all about 170, in rear of the Maryland Battalion. About 6 oclock moved up the road, crossed a stream of water about 2 feet deep, and I)assed along the foot of the mountain until arriving within 100 yards of the church in which the enemy was concealed. Here Major [Ridgely] Brown, with his command, obliqued to the left, while I moved straight on. I then ordered my command to charge. This order was obeyed with alacrity and effect, the men promptly crossing a rocky ~nd rapid stream in the face of a galling fire from the enemy in the church, and an enfilading fire from a portion of the enemy concealed in a building to the right of the church. Tl~ey rushed bravely on until they arrived at the church, where, knocking out the chinking and firing through the holes, they soon drove the enemy from our side of the house. In the meantime the pioneer corps coming up, broke out the window, set fire to a bundle of straw, and threw it in, thus firing the lower part. of the building. I cannot here fail to notice the gallant conduct of Private Thomas [EJ Tippett, of Company A, who, under a galling fire, ascended the chimney and set fire to the roof of the church. I called repeatedly for the pow- der with which it was intended to blow up the building, but it failed to come. The enemy, finding death certain, surrendered. During this part of the engagement, which lasted about twenty minutes, the enemy were pouring a galling fire into my ranks from the building on my right. Immediately on the surrender of the church, I charged this building and took it. My loss was as follows: Sergt. K. Grogan, Company F, killed; F. Foley, Company A; F. Williams, Company B; S. Fouch and M. Fos- ter, Company C; M. Rhodes, Company E, severely wounded. Thomas Spates, Company A, and Sergeant Thrift, Company F, slightly wounded. About 11 p. in. took up line of march; crossed the Alleghany Mount- ain and Cheat River, and encamped on the night of the 26th on Cheat Mountain. On the morning of the 27th, moved on through Evansville; crossed the Baltin~ore and Ohio Railroad at Independence, and encamped about 10 miles frommi Morgautow mm Page 136 136 N. VA., W. VA., MD .,AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYIL On the morning of the 28th, moved on toMorgantown, leaving this placelate in the evening. We moved on the road to Fairmont about 10 miles and encamped for the night. Started on the 29th, at 3 a. in., for Fairmout. When we had reached the outside picket (which was caj)tured by Company H, under the corn- ina~~d of Captain [J. H.] Grabill), I, in accordance with your order, dis- mon n te(1 in y sharpshooters, ati d deployed them as skirmishers to the left of the road leadiiig from Barnesville to Fairmont. The enemy ap- peared in front some 400 or 500 yards off. Receiving orders from you to drive the enemy in and charge the town, I ordered an advance, drove the enemy from the hill through the town and across the bridge which spans the West Branch of the Monongahela River. This force I still pursued and compelled to recross the river on the railroad bridge, three- quarters of a mile above the town. I then took up a posi~on directly opposite the enemy, and continued to fire on them until they surren- dered. I had none either killed or wounded. Lieutenant [B. F.] Con- ard, of Company A, with 4 men, drove 4 of the enemy from a piece of artillery and took possession of it. This piece was afterward spiked and thrown into the river. After the surrender of the enemy, we moved out on the Clarksburg road and encamped for the night. On the 30th, we continued on this road to within 4 miles of Clarks- burg, when, suddenly turning to the left, we crossed the Monongahela River and took the road to Bridgeport. When within 2 miles of this place, I received orders from you to move up the railroad and protect the men who were destroying a railroad bridge, which order I exe- cuted. While remaining there, I tore up a portion of the track. I then returned, passed through Bridgeport (which place had been pre- viously captured by a portion of your command), and encamped for the night on the road to Philippi. , May I, moved on to Philippi. Turing to the right, before reaching this place, we took the road leading to Buu~khannon. The next day, moving on, we took the Weston road, whi~h place we reached on the 4th, without anything worthy of note occurring. From this place we went to Cairo, where we arrived May 7, when, in accord- ance with your orders, I dismounted my sharpshooters, and moved them to the right of the road on which we were traveling, taking possession of a high bluff south of the town, and opposite to the house in and around which the enemy were stationed. The rest of my command were formed into a squadron for the purpose of charging the town. The enemy, however, surrendered without firing a gun. ~tarting the next morning (the 8th), we went on to Giltown, which we reached on the 9th. From this point we went to Arnoldsville, sep- arating from the command at the river, and now being under Colonel Lomax, of the Eleventh Virginia Cavalry. On the Lth, we reached Sutton, where we rejoined the brigade. On the 14th, we arri~ed at Summerville, and on the 16th encamped for the night within 2 miles of Lewisburg, without anything worthy of note occurring. Left our camp near Lewisburg on the 17th, and arrived safely in camp near Mount Crawford on May 21, after an absence of thirty-one days. Before closing this report, I only pay a .just tribute to my men when I say that the promptness and alacrity with which they obeyed orders, their cheerfulness and fortitude under trials, dangers, and fatigue, the patience with which they bore all manner of hardships, and their gen- eral g~od conduct, was truly gratifying, and I am proud of them. I forgot to mention that a part of my command ~tt Cairo, under th Page 137 CHAP. XXXVII.] OPERATIONS IN SHENANDOAH VALLEY, VA. 137 charge of Lieutenant [W. ~~-1 Williamson, and commanded by Captain [F. M.] Myers, Company A, destroyed several bridges and set fire to some cord-wood in a tunnel, causing the top of it to fall in from the heat, and thus damaging the road to a considerable extent. Very respectfully, E. V. WHITE, Lieutenant- Colonel, Comm ending. Brig. Gen. W. E. JONES, Commanding Valley District. APRIL 22-24, 1863.Expedition from Belle Plain to Port Conway and Port Royal, Va. Extract from Record of Events, Fourth Brigade, First Division, First Army Corps.* The Twenty-fourth Michigan Volunteers, of this brigade, in accord- ance with orders from headquarters of the First Division, marched with three days rations in haversacks, in company with the Fourteenth New York Volunteers, from Belle Plain, Va., ou April 22, 1863, at 1.30 p. in., toward Port Conway, Va. Bivouacked about 10 p. in. about one-half mile in rear of the village of Port Conway. About 3 a. m. of the 23d, the regiment was under arms and marched into the village. Twenty men were picked from each company to set up boats and cross the river to Port Royal. Owing to a heavy rain, and the entire ignorance of the men as to the manner of constructing the boats, the work was not coml)leted and the crossing effected until nearly #3 a. m. At that hour, thirteen boats crossed the Rappahannock with- out opposition. Parties were sent in different directions through the village of Port Royal. A wagon-train was captured and destroyed, several prisoners taken, and a mail captured. The boats returned to Port Conway about 9 p. in., and the expedition commenced its march toward camp about 11 a. in., at which place it arrived about 7.30 p. m. It rained continuously all day, and the roads were almost impassable. APRIL 22MAY 16, 1863.Operations in the Shenandoah Valley, Va. STTMMAEY 015 ThE ERIINCIPAJL EVENTS. April 22, 1863.Skirmish at Fishers Hill, Va. May 4 9, 1863.Scout from Winchester, Va., into Han~pshire County, W. Va. 1214, 1863.Operations about Bucks and Front Royal Fords, Va. 16, 1863.Skirmish at Berrys Ferry, Va. Skirmish at Charlestown, W. Va. Skirmish at Piedmont Station, Va. REPORTS. No. 1.Maj. Gen. Robert H. Milroy, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division, Eighth Army Corps. No. 2.Col. James A. Galligher, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of scout from winchester, Va., into Hampshire County, W. Va. *From brigade return for April, 1863 Page 138 138 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVH. No. 3.Maj. Michael Kerwin, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of operations about Bucks and Front Royal Fords, Va. No. 4.Col. Andrew T. McReynolds, First New York Cavalry, of skirmish at Berrys Ferry, Va. No. 5. Itinerary of the Second Division, Eighth Army Corps, April 4May 28. No. 6.Lient. Col. 0. R. Fuinsten, Eleventh Virginia Cavalry. No. 1. Reports of Maj. Gen. Robert II. ]Ifilroy, (A S. Army, commanding Second Division, Eighth Army Corps. WINCHESTER, VA., April 29, 1863. General Elliott arrived at Strasburg at 4 p. m. yesterday. Had an engagement with the enemy at Fishers Hill, 2 miles beyond Stras- burg, and repulsed him with considerable loss. Our loss, 8 killed and 6 wounded. He remained there last night, but will come down to-day. Had I any assurance that our forces would OCCUj)~ Loudoun and Fan- quier, so as to prevent the enemy from flanking me by way of Front Royal, I would occupy Strasburg permanently. R. H. MILROY, Maj. Gen. H. C. SCHENCK, MaJor-General. Baltimore. WINCHESTER, VA., April 29, 1863. General Elliott returned to.day, bringing in 20 prisoners, including 1 lieutenant. I learned from the l)risoners, through one of my detectives I put in with them, hand-cuffed, that there is one rebel brigade at Pe- tersburg and five brigades at Harrisonburg, under A. P. Hill, en route for this place. H. H. MILROY, Major-General SCIIENCK, MaJor- General. Baltimore. WINCIIES~[ER, VA., May ii, 186311.30 p. m. The Federal cavalry captured at Charlestown* were recaptured by detachments of Virginia and (Thirteenth) Pennsylvania Cavalry, under Captain Utt, this afternoon, about 3 oclock, at Piedmont Station, in Fauquier C6unty. We also captured 40 of the rebels and correspond- ing number of horses. Two rebels killed. I regret to add that we lost Captain Utt and 1 sergeant. Number of our cavalry recaptured; a lieutenant, 50 privates, and their horses. Major Adams, of First New York Cavalry, who arrived after the recapture, still in pursu~t of the rebels. The Virginia and Pennsylvania Cavalry, who made the recap- ture, were sent out by me yesterday. R. H. MILIROY, Major. General~ Major-General SCHENCK, Ba ltim ore. Capt. George D. Summers company, Maryland cavalry Page 139 ChAP. XXXVII.] OPERATIONS IN SHENANDOAH VALLEY, VA. 139 No. 2. Report of Col. James A. Gailigher, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of scout from Winchester, Va., into llampshire (Jounty, W. Va. WINCHESTER, VA., May 9, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report the result of the expedition commanded by me, in obedience to your orders of the 4th instant: At 1 oclock p. in. of the last named day, I proceeded with regiment~ the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, the First New York Volunteer Cavalry, under Major Quinn, and one section of Battery D, First Vir- ginia Artillery, under Lieutenant [Chalfant]. My instructions were to proceed to Moorefield, ascertain if any force of the enemy was in the direction of Petersburg, and, if so, to harass their retreat as much as possible. The first night I halted at a place east of Wardensville, about 17 miles. from Winchester, the march being without incident. The next morning I marched at 4 oclock, amid passed through Wardensville, and halted for the night within 10 miles of Moorefield. One mile this side of the halting-place, the advance, consisting of the First New York Cavalry, was fired upon, without loss, by a small body of the enemy, and 3 of the latter captured and left with Major Quinn, to be delivered to the gen- eral commanding. On this march great difficulty was experienced in crossing Lost River with the artillery and train. At 5 a. m. of the 6th, I marched to Moorefield, reaching there at 9 a. m. From the most reliable information and scouting, I ascertained that there was no force of the enemy as near as Petersburg, nor had any recently been in that neighborhood, with the exception of two com- pames of infantry, which had been encamped on the Fraiiklin pike, 8 miles beyond Petersburg, but had fallen back two days before my arrival at llarrisonburg, on hearing that Jones and Imboden were re- treating by the way of Cheat Mountain. While at Moorefield, I received a dispatch from Col. B. F. Smith, commanding a brigade at Greenland Gap, giving the following inform a- tion: That there weie none of Jones stragglers returmiing by any route near him, and that from all he could learn the rebels makiug the raid on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad were retreating by Cheat Mountain, some 60 miles distant from him. There being no enemy within reach at Moorefield, or any duty to be performed, I decided to return by way of Wardensville, and cross to Woodstock, and back by Strasburg, to make a scout through that re- gion, but I received reliable information that the Lost River had become so swollen by the continued rains that it would be impossible to cross it with my artillery within a week. It was more swollen than it had been for years. Upon the report of Major Quinn that his command had but one days rations, and at his request, I gave him permuission to return by the nearest route. I then designed to cross the South Branch with the rest of my command, and take the pike to Romney, but that stream was also far too much swollen, and I was forced to take the old Romney road to the latter place, arriving on the 7th at 9 a. in. The march was exceedingly severe, the road being filled with water and so washed that the train could accomplish no more than 1 mile per hour, with every exertion. Nothing worthy of report occurred at Romney, nor until reaching Cacapon Bridge, yesterday evening, when the advance guard was fire Page 140 140 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. upon by bushwhackers, without effect, who escaped, though the country was scoured in every direction. I reached here at l~ m. today, with trains, artillery, and regiments, and without loss. The horses of the train an(l artillery were, however, so much overworked that they were brought in with great difficulty; the horses of my regiment also suffered severely from the work and ex- posure. My duty will not allow me to close this report without mention of the conduct of the First New York Cavalry. All my attempts to keep them in order were ineffectual, and the regiment seemed entirely undisci- plined, and beyond the control of its own officers. At no time was more than half the regiment together; but they straggled in all directions, and I am informed stole about 15 horses, which were taken with them, and for which the various [owners] are now demanding restitution. Most respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES A. GALLIGIJEIR, Colonel, Commanding Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. Maj. Gen. IR. H. MILROY, Commanding, & c. No. 3. Report of Maj. Michael Keruin, Thirteenth Pennsylvania 6ava~ry, of operations about Bucks and Front Royal Fords, Va. WINCHESTER, VA., May 14, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit to the general commanding the following report of the expedition under my command, consisting of 140 men of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry and a detachment of 40 men of the Third Virginia Cavalry: I proceeded on the 12th instant, by way of Middletown, to Bucks Ford, on the Shenandoah River, a distance of 17 miles, where I learned a party of rebel cavalry had crossed on the night previous and were then encamped on the opposite side of the river. I concluded not to cross at this point, as it would enable them to ascertain the strength of my force and give them an opportunity to escape. I then moved down to the Front Royal road, a distance of 4 miles, when the Virginia Cav- alry, who had marched by way of White Post, were to join me. They arrived that night about 12 oclock, when, after feeding the horses and allowing the men time to refresh themselves, we moved to the river, and crossed at the Fiont Royal Ford. We then moved by a back road, which brought us on the rear of the rebel camp; their camping-ground lay between two fords, so that they might be able to escape by either of them in case of a surprise. I divided my force so as to come on them at both sides, and place them between us and the river, which I suc- ceeded in doing. About 1 mile from camp we met and drove in their pickets, following them up rapidly; they had just time enough to get to horse and take to the woods, after an ineffectual attempt to drive back our advance guard. I immediately sent a party through the woods to force them on the detachment Ihad sent to the upper ford, while I placed another party on a road that led inland, which the guides told me they would take in case both fords were cut off. The balance of my command I deployed around the woods, thus completely hemming them in the smallest possible space, where I felt assured of capturin Page 141 CHAr. XXXVII.] OPERATIONS IN SHENA~JOAH VALLEY, VA. 1411 the eutire party, which did not number more than 40 or 50 men. But, much to my disappointment, when they fouud all avenues of escape closed against them, they made direct for the river and swam their horses over. Wben I was informed of their crossing, I dashed to the river, but found all had crossed except 1, whom we captured. In making this report, I would respectfully call your attention to the character of those men calling themselves guides. In making the dispositions of the command in the above instance, I was guided wholly by the knowledge of the country obtained from the guides, and my whole object was to place the rebels between me and the river, which they told me was impassable, except at the fording points. I was informed also that their only means of escape was by the road which runs inland. In this, as well as many other instances, I discovered their ignorance of the country, and found that they were guided in a great measure by the information obtained from inhabitants of the place. The dictatorial manner they assume, and the responsibilities they take upon themselves, regardless of all orders, might very often defeat the objects of the com- manding officer. With some few worthy exceptions, I consider them a very irresponsi- ble class of men. I have the honor to remain, your obedient servant, ]!iajo r Thirteenth Penusy 1 cania Cavalry. Capt. J. E. JACOBS, Assistant Adjutant- General, First Brigade, Second Division. No. 4. Report of Col. Andrew T. MeReynolds, First New York Cavalry, of skirmish at Berrys Ferry, Va. HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES FORCES, Berryville, Va., May 19, 1863. CAPTAIN: The affair of the 16th, by the advance guard of the First New York, was more disastrous to the rebel party at Berrys Ferry than was at first realized. Out of the 22 rebels, 2 were killed, 5 wounded, and 10 captured; this, too, by 16 men of the First New York Cavalry. One of the killed was Capt. W. W. Mead; he was shot from his horse and drowned in the river. 1 forward a document taken from his pocket, being the authority from the rebel Secretary of War to organize his company in Whites battalion. Among the prisoners was a surgeon (First Yirginia) and a lieutenant (Morgan). If this gallant act had been performed by the men of General Stahels command, or in Tennessee or Missouri, it would have been blazoned forth to the world in large capitals. Nothing more inspires soldiers thami a knowledge that such conduct is appreciated. Lieutenant Ver- milyca, who commanded the party, is entitled to all praise. The rebels lay in ambush, and permitted the party to pass them. The first intro- duction they had of their presence was a volley and the immediate formation hi the rear on the road. Yermilyeas men instantly wheeled~ about, fired, and charged, with the results already reported. I have the honor to be, captain, your obedient servant, A. T. MCIIEYNOLDS, ~ Colonel First New York Cavalry, Commanding. Capt. JOHN 0. CRAVENS, A. A. G., Second Div., Eighth Army Corps, Winchester, Va Page 142 142 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVH. rindursernent. I HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, Baltimore, Md., Juicy 26, 1863. Respectfully forwarded to the General-in-Chief, and his attention ealled to this report of a very handsome achievement by 16 men of the First New York Cavalry, of Colonel MeReynolds l)rigade, who attacked 22 rebel cavalry, and killed 2 of them, wounded 5, and cap. tured 10, leaving only 5, who escaped. ROET. C. SCHENCK, Jlfajor- General, Commanding. No. 5. Itinerary of the Second Division, Eighth Army Corps, April 4May 28.* Cavalry employed constantly, either by regiment b or detachment. ~ , attalion, company, Infantry employed at fatigue duty on the fortifications and repairing the lVlartinsburg turnpike, by regiment and detachment. April 12 Col. J. XV. Keifer, with the One hundred and tenth Ohio Yolunteer Infantry and a battalion of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cav- alry, Major Kerwin commanding, went upon a scout up Cedar Creek Valley. Distance marched by infantry, 50 miles- b April 13.Returned. , y cavalry, 80 miles. April 17.Col. W. H. Ball, in command of the One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with two guns of Battery D, First West Virginia Artillery, Lieutenant Chalfant commanding, marched to Stumps tannery, and returned to Winchester next day. Distance marched, 40 miles. Captured a lot of leather from rebel owners. April 22.Brigadier-General Elliott, with One hundred and sixteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Colonel Washburn commanding; One hundred and twenty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Colonel Wilson command- ing; Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Lieutenant-Colonel Moss command- ing; Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Colonel Galligher commanding, and two guns of Battery D, First [West] Virginia Artillery, went on a scout to Strasburg, with infantry and artillery, and with cavalry, beyond Woodstock. April 23.Returned. Distance marched by infantry and artillery, 36 miles; by cavalry, 67 miles. Captured 13 prisoners and considerable rebel property. April 25.Brigadier-General Elliott, commanding, went on a scout to Wardensville, Strasburg, & c., and was absent five days. He took with him the One hundred and sixteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel Wash- burn- One hundred and twenty-third Ohio Volunteers, Colonel Wilson; Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Lieutenant-Colonel Moss; Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Colonel Galligher, of First Brigade, and a de- tachment of Second Brigade, consisting of Eighty- seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers an(l iNiuth [West] Virginia Volunteers. At Fishers Hill, near Strasbnrg, Va, had a skirmish with the rebels, Colonel Galligher, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, commanding the force engaged, with from Record of Events, on division and brigade returns Page 143 CHAP. XXXVII.] OPERATIONS IN SHENANDOAH VALLEY, VA. 143 loss of 6 killed, 7 wounded, and 14 missing, of Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. At Harpers Mills, Va., captured a rebel lieutenant and six privates. Distance marched during expeditionby infantry, 101 miles; cavalry, 150 miles. April 4.Cavalry pickets on the Miliwood road captured 2 of Twelfth Virginia (rebel) Cavalry. They were dismounted and without arms, having left everything on the east side of the Shenandoah River. April 8.Cavalry picket on the Miliwood road was attacked about 10 p. in., and 2 of.the men captured, I of whom was severely wounded in the arm. Five horses were taken. The men were subsequently released. April 9.It was rumored that Berryville would be attacked. A sec- tion of artillery arrived from Winchester as re-enforcement. April 10.At 3 a. m. whole force under arms. April 13.Scouting party to Snickers Ferry, consisting of 1 lieuten- ant and 10 men, were attacked by 37 rebel cavalry (dismounted), formed in ambuscade, under Lieutenant [William II.] Smith, Fourth Virginia (rebel) Cavalry. One of our men, Charles Young, of Company F, was killed, and 1 taken; since released. Several horses were wounded, but none rendered unserviceable. April 22.Lieutenant Wyckoff, First New York Cavalry, Lietuenants Powell and Means, and 40 men of the Twelfth [West] Virginia Infantry, crossed the Shenandoah by twos, in a skiff at midnight, and captured the chief Leopold and 6 of his confederates. April 27.The two sections of Battery B, First [West] Virginia Light Artillery, were relieved by Captain Alexanders Independent Battery, Baltimore Light Artillery. May 1.The Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry and (May 7 and 9) the entire Second Brigade (except detachments of the F~rst and Third [West] Virginia Cavalry and Battery L, Fifth U. S. Artillery), were or(lered by Ma~jor-Geueral Schenck to re-enforce General Kelley in Western Virginia, and temporarily detached from the division. Miay 21.The Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry re- turned to the division; the Ninth, Tenth, and Twelfth [West] Virginia Infantry Regiments are still in Western Virginia. The Ninth and Tenth Regiments have been permanently detached by order of Generdl Schenck. Battery B, First [West] Virginia Artillery, has also been detached. May 4.Colonel Galligher, with the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cav- alry, and two l)ieces of Battery D, First [West] Virginia Artillery, with a detachment of First New York Cavalry, went on scout to Moore- field, via Wardensville. Returned to Winchester, Va., via Romney, May 9. ZliIay 5.Brigadier-General Elliott, with One hundred and tenth, One hundred and twenty-second, and One hundred and twenty-third Ohio Yolunteer Infantry and Tenth [West] Virginia Infantry, went on scout np the Valley, proceeding as far as New Market, Va., and returned to Winchester May 9. Captured 9 prisoners and lost 5 men of Company G, One hundred and twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, captured near Edenburg. May 15.Capt. James R. Utt, Third [West] Virginia Cavalry, with Companies D and E, Third West Virginia Cavalry, and a detachment of - the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, went on scout to Front Royal, and the next day attacked and routed a party of rebel cavalry at Pied- mont, Va., recapturing 55 prisoners of the Second Maryland Cavalry. Captain Ult, of Third [West] Virginia Cavalry, and Sergeant Graham, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, were killed in the charge Page 144 144 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. xxxvii. iIa~ 25.-The Eighteenth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry reporte(l for duty with the division, and now form a J)art of the com- mand. May 5.Four hundred men of Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry and 30 men of First New York Cavalry, from Berryville, crossed th~ Shenandoah at Snickers Ferry, under Colonel Staunton, Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. The infantry fired into the cavalry, supposing them to be rebels, killing 2 and wounding 3 of our men. The expedition captured 2 prisoners and 21 horses. iIfcty 16.At 8.30 a. ni., 150 of the First New York Cavalry crossed the Shenandoah at Snickers Ferry. In the afternoon of the same day came upon a party of 22 rebels near Berrys Ferry, and had a sharp skirmish. We had 2 men and several horses wounded; captured 10 rebels and killed 1, and several horses. Returned to camp same even- ing, having gone as far as Paris, Va. May 27.Captain Boyd, with 100 men of the First New York Cavalry, crossed the Shenandoah with three days rations; went via Aldie to Fairfax Court-House, and returned via Leesburg, capturing on his way 1 captain and 2 privates; saw no other enemy. May 28.Captain [Daniel II.] flarkins, with 40 men, cal)tured a rebel lieutenant near Upperville. No. 6. Report of Lieut. Vol. 0. R. Eunsten, Ele~centh Virginia Cara~ry. HARRI5ONRURG~ VA., May 31, 1863. GENERAL: As commanding officer of that portion of your command which remained in the Valley during your recent expedition to West- ern Virginia, consisting mostly of dismounted cavalry, I have the honor to make the following report: On April 22, about 500 of the enemys cavalry advanced up the Val- ley as far as Woodstock. Maj. S. B. Myers, Seventh Regiment Vir- ginia Cavalry, who was in command of the picket on the line of Fishers Hill, bravely disputed their advance with his little command. His loss was 1 killed, 2 wounded, and 12 taken prisoners, of whom 2 were after- ward killed by the enemy in cold blood after they had been several hours in their hands as prisoners of war. The conduct of the enemy during this expedition was marked by acts of brutality and fiendish~ ness unknown in civilized warfare, such as the murder of prisoners of war, firing into a funeral J)rocession, and burning the dwellings of un- offending citizens, & c. Immediately after this raid, I re-enforced Major Myers with 150 dis- mounted cavalry, armed with long-range guns, and under the command of Captain [Joseph L.] McAleer, of the Maryland Battalion of Infan- try. On April 28, two regiments of the enemys cavalry, four regiments of infantry, and some artillery came in sight of our picket post at Fishers Hill from the direction of Wardensville, supposed to be a part of the force from Winchester, which had advanced a few days previously to- ward you in Hardy County. Major Myers, with a great deal of skill, drew their cavalry (Twelfth aiid Thirteenth Pennsylvania) into an ambu Page 145 Unar. XXXYXLj OPERATIONS III SHW.1NDOA.H VALLEY, VA. 145 cade, in which the 150 dismounted men opened upon them from a so. cure position a very effective fire, at a distance of from 30 to 40 yards. They were routed ma few minutes, with a loss of at least 70 In killed, wounded, ad prisoners. Our only loss was the mortally wounding of 1 man. All of this occurred in sight of the enemys whole force, which was non advanced, ad our handful of men were moved back in perfect order to a position of safety across the river, ad the next morning, the enemy having retired toward Winchester, we resumed the picket line. Much credit is due to Major M~rers, Captain McAleer, ad other offi- cers for the skill and bravery which they displayed in this affair. On May 6, Major Myers reported that the enemy were advancing up the Valley with one regiment of cavalry, one brigade of infantry, awl nine pieces of artillery. I re-enforced him with nearly all of the cavalry I had. On the morning of the 8th, they had advanced above New Market, and I moved up the Maryland Battalion of infantry and all the dis- mounted cavalry who had guns, with the artillpry, below Harnisonburt and prepared to give them battle. We remained in this position until about 8 oclock the next morning, when I was informed that the enemy were falling back toward Win- chester. Major Myers, by his skill in checking the advance of the enemy, en- abled the citizens to drive off all of their stock, of which an immense quantity came upthe road, and the raid was consequently entirely fruit- less to the enemy. On the night of May 16, a party of 45 men under Captain [B. Proton] Chew and Lieutenant [John W.J Carter oi Chews battery, and Lien- tenant [U. B.] Philpot, of the Seventh B~giment, was sent down to attack a cavalry company which was stationed in Charlestown, Jeffer. sonCounty, which numbered about 93 men. The expedition was entirely successful in the beginning. The enemy was surprised about 1 oclock at night, and, besides several who were killed and wounded and left behind, Captain Chew brought out 56 prIsoners and 75 horses. Un- fortunately, they were attacked the next day at 2 p. m7 after having marched 85 miles on their return, at Piedmont, in Pauquier County, by about 120 of the enemys cavalry, and after a firm resistance (in which the captain commanding the enemys cavalry was killed, besides sev- eral of his command), they were obliged to abandon the prisoners and captured horses. Our loss in this whole affair was only 5 men ww1nded and 2 or 3 taken prisoners. The officers and men deserve a great deal of credit for this affair, which was one of the boldest of the war. Several other incursions were made by smaller partieswithin the enemys lines, generally resulting in the capture of prisoners and horses. All of which is respectfully submitted. 0. & PUXSTEN, IAevtaust-ColouA, OoumsoavMsg. Brig. (len. W. E. Jons, Gomig. Ydilej District, Army of Worth.,. Yirgi~uia, 10uw.yo;XXV,PT Page 146 146 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. 1Cl1A~. XXX VIL APRIL 27NAY 6, 1863.Tlie Cliancellorsville Campaign. SUIIV[AiRY OY TILE PRIiNCIPAiL EVEINTS. April 29, 1863.Skirmishes at Crooks Run and Germanna Ford. 29May 2, 1863.Operations at Franklins Crossing, or Deep Run, near Fred- ericksburg. 29May 2,1863.Operations at Pollocks Mill Creek (White Oak Run), or Fitzhnghs Crossing, near Fredericksburg. 30, 186:3.Skirmishfis at and near Chancellorsville. Skirmish near Spotsylvania Conrt-House. May 1 3, 1863.Battle of Chancellorsville. 2, 1863.Skirmish at Elys Ford. 3 4, 1863.Battle of Fredericksburg (or Maryes Heights) and Salem Church (or Salem Ileights), an near Banks Ford. 4 6. 1863.Skirmishes along the lines. T~IEPC)IRTS, ETC. No. l.Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, U. S. Army, General-in-Chief. ARMY OP TIlE POTOMAC. No. 2.Organization of the Army of the Potomac, May 16, 1863. No. 3.Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Potomac, with congratulatory orders. No. 4. -Returns of Casualties in the Union forces. No. 5.Brig. Gem Gouverneur K. Warren, U. S. Arniy, Chief of Topographical Engineers. No. 6.Brig. Gen. Henry W. Benham, U. S. Army, commanding Engineer Brig de. No. 7.Capt. Samuel T. Cnshing, Commissary of Subsistence, U. S. Army, Acting Chief Sign a Officer. No. 8.Capt. James S. Hall, Fifty-third Pennsylvania Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 9.Lient. Peter A. Taylor, Forty-ninth New York Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 10.Lient. Fountain Wilson, Fifth Pennsylvania Reserves, Acting Signal Officer.. No. 11.Capt. Benjamin F. Fisher, Third Pennsylvania Reserves, Acting Signal Officer. No. 12.Capt. Frederick E. Beardslee, Assistant Quartermaster and Acting Signal Officer. No. 13.Capt. Davis E. Castle, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 14.Licut. John E. Holland, Thirty-sixth Indiana Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 15.Lients. John C. Wiggins, Third New Jersey Infantry, and N. Henry Camp,, Fourth New Jersey Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 16. Lient. Charles W. Keen, Jr., Twenty-sixth ~nnsylvania Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 17.Lient. Martin Denicke, One hundred and thirty-second New York Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. No. 18.Lient. Isaac S. Lyon, Eleventh Connecticut Infantry, Acting Si~ial Officer. No. 19.Capt. Panl Babcock, Jr., Seventh New Jersey Infnnti-y, Acting Signal Officer. No. 20.Capt. Edward C. Pierce, Third Maine Infantry, and Lient. George J. Clarke, Sixty-second New York Infantry, Acting Signal Officers. No. 21.Lient. Frank W. Marston, Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry, Acting Sig- nal Officer. No. 22.Capt. William H. Hill, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. * Se ~ml~o the Stoneman Raid, April 29May 7, p. 1057 Page 147 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 141 No. 23.-~Brig. Gen. Henry J. Hunt, U. S. Army, Chief of Artillery. No. 24.Maj. Gen. John F. Reynolds, U. S. Army, commanding First Army Corps, with Itinerary of the corps, April 19May 26. No. 25.Col. Charles S. Wainwright, First ew York Light Artillery, Chief of Artil- lery. No. 26.Lient. Col. John A. Kress, Ninety-fourth New York Infantry, Acting Assist- ant Inspector-General, First I)ivi sion, with congratulatory orders. No. 27.Col. Walter Phelps, Jr., Twenty-second New York ILfantry, commanding First Bri ade. No. 28.Brig. Gen. Lysander Cutler, U S. Army, commanding Second Brigade. No. 29.Brig. Gen. Gahriel U. Paul, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade. No. 30. Brig. Gen. Solomon Meredith, U. S. Army, commanding Fourth Brigade. No. 31.Col. Samuel J. Williams, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry. No. 32.Col. Lucius Fairchild, Second WisDonsin Infantry. No. 33.Lient. Col. George H. Stevens, Second Wisconsin Infantry. No. 34.Col. Edward S. Bragg, Sixth Wisconsin Infantry. No. 35.Col. William W. Robinson, Seventh Wisconsin Infantry. No. 36.Capt. John A. Reynolds, First New York Light Artillery. No. 37.Brig. Gen. John C. Robinson, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division. No. 38.Capt. Charles H. Elovey, Thirteenth Massachusetts Infantry, Acting Assist- ant Inspector-General. No. 39.Col. Adrian R. Root, Ninety-fourth New York Infantry, commanding First Brigade. No. 40.Col. Charles W. Tilden, Sixteenth Maine Infantry. No. 41.Capt. Samuel A. Moffett, Ninety-fourth New York Infantry. No. 42.Col. Gilbert G. Prey, One hundred and fourth New York Infantry. No. 43.Col. Thomas F. McCoy, One hundred and seventh 1~ennsylvania Infantry. No. 44.Capt. James A. hall, Second Maine Battery. No. 45.Lieut. Greeuieaf T. Stevens, Fifth Maine Battery. No. 46.Capt. James Thompson, Battery C, Pennsylvania Light Artillery. No. 47.Capt. Dunhar U. Ransom, Third U. S. Artillery, commanding BatteryC, Fifth U. S. Artillery. No. 48.Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division. No. 49.Lieut. Col. Charles E. Living ston, Seventy-sixth New York Infantry, Acting Assistant Inspector-General. No. 50.Brig. Gen. Thomas A. Rowley, lJ. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. No. 51.Col. Chapman Biddle, One hundred and twenty-first Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 52.Col. James U. Porter, One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 53.Col. Rohert P. Cumnmnins, One hundred and forty-second Pennsylvania In- fantry. No. 54.Col. Harrison Allen, One hundred and fifty-first Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 55.Col. Roy Stone, One hundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania infantry, com- manding Second Brigade. No. 56.Col. Edmund L. Dana, One hundred and forty-third Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 57.Lient. Col. Walton Dwight, One hundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 58. Col. Langhorne Wister, One hundred and fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 59.Maj. Ezra XV. Matthews, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery, Chief of Artillery. No. 60.Capt. James II. Cooper, Battery B, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. No. 61.Capt. U. Bruce Ricketts, Battery F, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. No. 62.Capt. Frank P. Amns en, l3attery G, First 1~ennsylvania Light Artillery; No. 63.Maj. Gen. Darius N. Conch, U. S. Army, commanding Second Army Corps. No. 64.Lient. Col. Charles H. Morgan, Assistant Inspector-General, and Chief of Artillery Page 148 148 N. VA., W. VA., MI)., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. No. 65.Maj. Gen. Winfleld S. Hancock, U. S. Army, commanding First Division. No. 66.Capt. Henry H. Bingham, Judge-Advocate. No. 67.Lient. William D. W. Miller, Sixty-sixth New York Infantry, Aide-de-Camp. No. 68.Brig. Gen. John C. Caidwell, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. No. 69.Col. Nelson A. Miles, Sixty-first New York Infantry. No. 70.Lient. Col. K. Oscar Broady, Sixty-first New York Infantry. No. 71.Lient. William II. Gordon, Sixty first New York Infantry. No. 72.Brig. Gen. Thomas Francis Meagher, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade. No. 7.3.Lient. Edward Whiteford, Eighty-eighth New York Infantry, Aide-dc-Camp. No. 74.Maj. St. Clair A. Muiholland, One hundred and sixteenth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 75.Lient. Col. Alford B. Chapman, Fifty-seventh New York Infantry, Third Brigade. No. 76.Col. Orlando H. Morris, Sixty-sixth New York Infantry. No. 77.Col. JohnR. Brooke, Fifty-third Pennsylvania Infantry, commanding Fourth Brigade. No. 78.Lient. Col. David L. Stricker, Second Delaware Infantry. No. 79.Col. Daniel G. Bingham, Sixty-fourth New York Infantry. No. 80.Lient. Col. Richards MeMichnel, FiftyAhird Pennsylvania Infantry. No. S1.Col. Hiram L. Brown, One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 82.Capt. Rufus D. Pettit, Battery B. F irst New York Light Artillery. No. 83.Brig. Gen. John Gibhon, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division. No. 84.Col. Byron Laflin, Thirty-fourth New York Infantry, commanding First Brigade. No. 85.Col. Francis E. Heath, Nineteenth Maine Infantry. No. 86.Maj. George C. Joslin, Fifteenth Massachusetts Infantry. No. 87.Lient. Col. William Colvill, jr., First Minnesota Infantry. No. 88.Lient. Col. John Beverly, Thirty-fourth New York Infantry. No. 89.Brig. Gen. Joshua T. Owen, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade. No. 90.Col. Norman J. Hall, Seventh Michigan Infantry, commanding Third Bri- gade. No. 91.Capt. William A. Arnold, Battery A, First Rhode Island Light Artillery. No. 92.Capt. William Plumer, First Company Massachusetts (Andrew) Sharp- shooters. No. 93.Maj. Gen. William H. French, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division. No. 94.Col. Samuel S. Carroll, El ghth Ohio Infantry, commanding First Brigade. No. 95.Lient. Col. Elijah II. C. Cavins, Fourteenth Indiana Infantry. No. 96.Col. William B. Rohertsou, Twenty-fourth New Jersey Infantry. No. 97.Maj. Samuel K. Wilson, Twenty-eighth New Jersey Infantry. No. 98.Lient. Col. Leonard W. Carpenter, Fourth Ohio Infantry. No. 99.Lient. Col. Franklin Sawyer, Eighth Ohio Infantry. No. 100.Lient. Col. Jonathan H. Lockwood, Seventh (West) Virginia Infantry. No. 101.Col. Charles J. Powers, One hundred an eighth New York Infantry, com- manding Second Brigade. No. 102.Maj. Theodore G. Ellis, Fourteenth Connecticut Infantry. No. 103.Maj. John T. Hill, Twelfth New Jersey Infautmy. No. 104.Lient. Col. Francis E. Pierce, One hundred and eighth New York Infan try. No. 1O5.Maj. Joseph S. Jenkins, One hundred and thirtieth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 106.Lient. Nelson Ames, Battery G, First New York Light Artillery. No. 107.Col. Charles Alhright, One hundred and thirty-second Pennsylvania In- fantry, commanding Third Brigade. No. 108.Maj. Gen. Daniel E. Sickles, U. S. Army, commanding Third Army Corps. No. 109.Lient. Col. George H. Woods, U. S. Army, ChiefCommissary of ~obsi~tence, No, 1lO,~r~. Thoma Sim, t7, ~, Army, Me i~1 Dre~tov Page 149 Cm. flXVflj TEE CHAVOELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 149 No. ilLCapt George L Randolph, First Rhode Island Light Artillery, Chief .f Artillery. No. litBrig. Us. David B. Birney, U. L Army, commanding First Division, with congratulatory orders. No. 113.Lient. Michael Sheehan, Twentieth Indiana Infantry, Ambulance OMeen No. 114.Brig. (len. Charles L Graham, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. No. l15.Col. Peter Bldg Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 116.Cspt. James F. Ryan, Sixtythird Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 117.CoL Andrew H. Tippin, Sixty.eighth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. litTalent. CoL Calvin A. Craig, One hundred and fifth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. iltCoL Charles K T. Ccllls, One hundred and fourteenth Pennsylvania In- No. 120.CoL Henry 3. MadIll, One hundred and forty-first Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 191.Brig. (len. J. H. Hobart Ward, U.S. Army, commanding Second Brigade. No. 122.Cd. John Wheeler, Twentieth India Infantry. No. ~23.CoL Samuel B. Hsyman, Thirty-seventh New York Infantry, commanding Third Brigade. No. 124.Lient. CoL Charles B. M.,rill, Seventeenth Maine Infantry. No. 125.CoL Byron K Pierce, Third Michigan Infantry. No. 126.Maj. John Pulf6rd, Fifth Michigan Infantry. No. 1i17.Lient. CoL Francis L. Leland, First New York Infantry. No. 128.Llent. CoL Gilbert Riordan, Thirty-seventh New Yo* Infantry No. 199.M4. William DeLacy, Thirty-seventh New York Infantry. No. 130.Capt. A. Judmon? Clark, First New Jersey Light Artillery, Chief of Artil- lery. No. 131.Brig. (len. Jeseph B. Can, U.S. Army, commanding Second Division. No. la-Capt John S. Poland, Second U. S. Infantry, Acting Assistant Inspector- General and Chief of Stat No. 133.Licut. William J. Rusling, Fifth New Jersey Infantry, Ambulance Officen No. 134.CoL WilliamBlaladell, EleventhMassachusetts Infantry, commanding First Brigade. No. 135.CoL Napoleon B. MeLaughien, First Massachusetts Infantry. No. 136.Lient. CoL Porter D. Trlpp, Eleventh Massachusetts Infantry. No. 137.Lint. CoL Waldo Merriam, Sixteenth Massachusetts Infantry. No. i3& CoL Robert McAillster, Eleventh New Jersey Inrantry. No. i39.MaJ. Robert L. Bodine, Twenty-sixth Pennsylvani Infantry. No. 140.Brig. Us. 3mph W. Revere, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade. No. 141.CoL J. Egbert Farnum, Seventieth New York Infantry, commanding regi- ment and Second Brigade. No. 142.Lient. CoL Thomas Hoit, Seventieth New York Infantry. No. 143.Lint. CoL Henry L. Potter, Seventy-first New York Infantry. No. 14tM~J. John Leonard, Seventy-second New York Infantry. No. 14LMRJ. Michael W. Burns, Seventy-third New York Infantry. No. 146.Capt Francis K Tyler, Seventy-fourth New York Infantry. No. 147.Lient. CoL Cornelius D. Westbrcok, One hundred and twentieth New York Infantry. No. 148..Col. William 3. SeweD, Fifth New Jay infantry, commanding Third ~rigado. No. 149.Capt. Virgil M. Healy, Fifth NewJersey Infantry. No. 150.Lient CoL StepheuR. Gilkyson, Sixth New Jersey Infantry. No. 1SLCoL L6uls R. Francine, Seventh New jcrseyinfawtry. No. aLint. CoL Francis Price, in, Seventh New Jcrsey Infantry. No. 163.Capt. John G. Langston, Eighth New Jersey Infantry. No. 154.Lient. CoL William A. Olmated, Second New York Infantry. No. 155.Mati. John P.Duune, One hundred and fifteenth Pennsylvania Infantry Page 150 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. 150 ECITAP. XXXVII. No. 156.Capt. Thomas W. Osborn, First New York Light Artillery, Chief of Artil- lery. No. 157.Lient. George B. Winslow, Battery D, First New York Light Arti~1ery. No. 158.Lient. Francis W. Seeley, Battery K, Fourth U. S. Artillery. No. 159.Capt. Henry U. Dalton, Assistant Adjutant-General, Third Division. No. 160.Lient. John R. Pancoast, One hundred and tenth Pennsylvania Infantry, Ambulance Officer. No. 161.Col. Emlen Franklin, One hundred and twenty-second Pennsylvania In- fantry, commanding First Brigade. No. 162.Capt. Jacob H. Lansing, Eighty-sixth New York Infantry. No. 163.Col. A. Van Home Ellis, One hundred and twenty-fonrth New York Infantry. No. 164.Lient. Col. Edward McGovern, One hundred and twenty-second Pennsyl- vania Infantry. No. 165.Col. Samnel M. Bowm n, Eighty-fourth Pennsylvania Infantry, conimand ing Second Brigade. No. 166.Col. Hiram Berdan, First U. S. Sharpshooters, comman(ling Third Brigade. No. 167.Capt. James F. Huntington, First Ohio Ligbt Artillery, Chief of Artillery. No. 16S.~Mej. Gen. George G. bade, U. S. Army, comm~ uding Fifth Army Corps, with coricspoutence. No. 169.Capt. Stepbeu H. Veed, Fiftb U. S. Artillery, Chief of Artillery. No. 170.Lient Joseph C. Ayer, Eighteenth Massachusetts Infantry, Ambulance Officer, First Division. No. 171.Brig. Gen. James Barnes, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. No. 172.Col. James MeQuade, Fourteenth New York Infantry, commanding Second Brigade. No. 173.Col. Thomas B. W. Stockton, Sixteenth Michigan lufantry, commanding Third Brigade. No. 174.Lient. Col. Nelson B. Bartranm, Seventeenth ~ew York Infantry. No. 175.Col. Strong Vincent, Eighty-third Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 176.Capt. Angustus P. Martin, Battery C, Massachusetts Light Artillery. No. 177.Capt. Ch ries A. Phillips, Battery E, Massachusetts Light Artillery. No. 178.Capt. Richard Waterman, Battery C, First Rhode Island Light Artillery. No. 179.Lient. Charles E. Hazlett, Battery D, Fifth U. S. Artillery. No. 180.Maj. Gen. George Sykes, IJ. S. Army, commanding Second Division. No. 181.Asst. Surg. Clinton Wagner, U. S. Army Surfeon-in-Chief. No. 182.Brig. Gen. Roineyn B. Ayres, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. No. 183.Capt. John D. Wilkins, Third U. S. Infantry. No. 184.Capt. Hiram Dryer, Fourth U. S. Infantry. No. 185.Maj. Richard S. Smith, Twelfth U. S. Infantry. No. 186.Capt. Jonathan B. linger, Fourteenth U. S. Infantry. No. 187.Col. Sidney Burbank, Second U. S. Infantry, commanding Second Brigade. No. 188.Capt. Samuel A. McKee, Second U. S. Infantry. No. 189.Capt. Levi C. Bootes, Sixth U. S. Infantry. ~. 190.Capt. David P. Hancock, Seventh U. S. Infantry. No. 191.Lient. Edward G. Bush, Tenth U. S. Infantry. No. 192.Lieut. George S. Lauman, Tenth U. S. Infantry. No. 193.Maj. DeLancey Floyd-Jones, Eleventh U. S. infantry. No. 194.Maj. George L. Andrews, Seventeenth U. S. Infantry. No. 195.Col. Patrick II. ORorke, One hundred and fortieth New York Infantry, commandmn~ Third Briaade. No. 196.Lient. Col. Louis Ernst, One hundred an(l fortieth New York Infantry. No. 197.Col. Kenner Garrard, One hundred and forty-sixth New York Infantry. No. 198.Capt. Frank C. Gibbs, Battery L, First Ohio Lihht Artillery. No. 199.Lient. Malbone F. Watson, Battery I, Fifth U. S. Artillery. No. 200.Brig. Gen. Andrew A. Iiumphreys, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division. No. 201.Brig. Gen. Erastus B. Tyler, LI. S. Army, comnianding First Brigade Page 151 (ThAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 151 No. 202.Col. Jacob G. Frick, One hundred and twenty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 203.Col. Peter II. Allabach, One hundred and thirty-first Pennsylvania In~ fantry, commanding Second Brigade. No. 204.Capt. Almont Barnes, Battery C, First New York Light Artillery. No. 20g.Capt. Alanson M. Randol, Battery E, First U. S. Artillery. No. 206.Mnj. Gen. John Scdgwick, U. S. Army, commanding Sixth Army Corps. No. 207.Col. Charles H. Tompkins, First llhode Island Artillery, Chief of Artillery. No. 208.Brig. Gem William T. H. Brooks, U. S. Army, commanding First Division. No. 209.Col. Henry XV. Brown, Third New Jersey Infantry, commanding First Bri- gade. No. 210.Col. William H. Penrose, Fiftcenth New Jersey Infantry, commanding regi- ment and First Brigade. No. 211.Lient. Col. William Henry, jr., First New Jersey Infantry. No. 212.blent. Col. Charles Wiebeeke, Second New Jersey Infantry. No. 213.Maj. James W. II. Stickney, Third New Jersey Infantry. No. 214.Col. B. Burd Grnbb, Twenty-third New Jersey Infantry. No. 215.--Brig. Gen. Joseph J. Bartlett, U. S. Array, commanding Second Brigade. No. 216.Col. Clark S. Edxvnrds, Fifth Maine Infantry. No. 217.Col. Joel J. Seaver, Sixteenth New York Infantry. No. 218.Col. Alexander 1). Adams, Twenty-seventh New York Infantry. No. 219.Col. Emory Upton, One hundred and twenty-first New York Infantry. No. 220.Maj. William 11. Lessig, Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 221.Brig. Gen. David A. Rassdll, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade. No. 222.Capt. William II. NlcCartney, Battery A, M; ssachnsetts Light Artillery, Artillery Battalion, First Division. No. 223.Lient. Angnstns N. Parsons, Battery A, New Jerey Light Artillery. No. 224.Capt. James II. Rigby, Battery A, Maryland Light Artillery. No. 223.Lient. Edward B. Williston, Battery D, Second U. S. Artillery. No. 226. Brig. Gen. Albion P. Howe, U. S. Army, commanding Second Division. No. 227.Col. Lewis A. Grant, Fifth Vermont Infantry, commanding Second Brigade. No. 228.Col. Thomas 0. Seaver, Third Vermont Infantry. No. 229.Col. Elisha L. Barney, Sixth Vermont Infantry. No. 230.Brig. Gen. Thomas H. Neill, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade. No. 231.Lient. Col. Winsor B. French, Seventy-seventh New York lafantry. No. 232.Capt. Andrew Cowan, First Battery, New York Light Artillery. No. 233.Lient. Lonard Martin, Battery F, Fifth U. S. Artillery. No. 234.Col. Horatio Rogers, jr., Second Rhode Island Infantry, Second Brigade, Third Division. No. 233.Brig. Gen. Frank Wheaton, U. S. Army, cmnm nding Third Bri~ade. No. 236.Lient. Col. George Wynkoop, Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 237.Col. Joseph M. Kinkead, One handred and second Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 235.Col. Frederick H. Collier, One hnndred and thirty-ninth Pennsylvania In- fantry. No. 239.Maj. George W. Dawson, Sixty-first Pennsylvania Infantry, Light Division. No. 240.Maj. Gen. Oliver 0. Howard, U. S. Army, commanding Eleventh Army Corps. No. 241.Lient. Col. William G. Le Due, Chief Quartermaster. No. 242.Brig. Gen. Charles Devens, jr., U. S. Army, commnan~ing First Division. No. 243.Col. Leopold vomi Gilsa, Forty-first New York Infantry, commanding First Brigade. No. 044 Brig. Gen. Nathaniel C. McLean, U. S. Army, comomnanding Second Brigade. No. 245.Maj. Allen G. Brady, Seventeenth Connectient Infantry. No. 246.Moj. Jeremiah Williams, Twenty-fifth Ohio Infantry. No. 247.Col. John C. Lee, Fifty-fifth Ohio Infantry. No. 248.C apt. Benjamin Mor~an Seventy-fifth Olin io Infantry. No. 249.Lient. Col. Charles Mneller, One handred and seventh Ohio Iminfantry. No~ 250.Brig. Gen. Adolph von Steinwelmr, IJ. S. Army, comman ing Second Division Page 152 152 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tOHAP. XXXWtI. No. 251.Capt. Michael Wiedrich, Battery I, First New York Light Artillery. No. 252.Maj. Gen. Carl Schurz, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division, with cor- respondence, & c. No. 253.Brig. Gen. Alexander Schimmelfennig, U. S. Army, commanding First Bri- gade. No. 254.Lient. Col. Edward S. Saloinon, Eighty-second Illinois Thfantry. No. 2e5.Lieut. Col. Adolph von Hartung, Seventy-fonrth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 256.Col. Wiadimir Krzyzanoxshi, Fifty-eighth New York Infantry, command- ing Second Brigade. No. 257.Licut. Col. John T. Lockman, One hundred and mneteenth New York In- fantry. No. 255.Maj. Gem Henry W. Slocum, U. S. Army, commanding Twelfth Army Corps. No. 259.Capt. Clermont L. Best, Fourth U. S. Artillery, Chief of Artillery. No. 260.Brig. Gen, Alphens S. Williams, U. S. Army, commanding First Division. No. 261.Brig. Gen. Joseph F. Knipe, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. No. 262.Maj. David F. L~ ne, Fifth Connecticut Infantry. No. 263.Adjt. William A. Daniels Fifth Connecticut Infantry. No. 264.Maj. Theophilus Fitzgerald, Twenty-eighth New York Infintry. No. 265.Capt. Edward L. Witman, Fort~~-sixth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 266.Maj. Cephus XV. Dyer, One hundred and twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 267.Col. Samuel Ross, Twentieth Connectient Infantry, coinirianiling Second Bri ~ade No. 268.Maj. Philo B. linekiugh. in, Twentieth Connecticut Infantry. No. 269.Li~ut. Col. Gilbert P. Robinson, Third Maryland Infantry. No. 270.Col. Archibald L. McDougall, One hundi-ed amid twenty-third New York Infantry. No. 271.Maj. George W. Reid, One hundred arid forty-fifth New York Infantry. No. 272.Brig. Gun. Thomas H. Ruger, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade. No. 273Col. Silas Colgrove, Twenty-seventh Indiana Infantry. No. 274Lient. Col. John R. Fesler, Twenty-seventh Indiana Infantry. No. 275.ColASamuel M. Qimincy, Second Massachusetts Infantry. No. 276.Capt. George A. Beardsley, Thirteenth New Jersey Inflintry. No. 277.Col. Alexander S. I)iven, One hundred and seventh New York Imifantry. No. 275.Col. William Hawley, Third Wisconsin Infantry. No. 279.Capt. Robert H. Fitzhngh, First New York Artillery, coimmmoandin~ battery and Chief of Artillery. No. 250.Lient. John D. Woodhury, Battery M, First New York Light Artillery. No. 251.Lieut. Edward D. Mnhlenberg, Battery F, Fourth U. S. Artillery. No. 282.Brig. Gen. John W. Geary, U. S. Arumy, commuanding Second Division. No. 283.Col. Charles Candy, Sixty-sixth Ohio Infantry, commanding First l3rigade. No. 284.Fifth Ohio Infantry (unsigned). No. 285.Col. William R. Creighton, SeveLth Ohio Infantry. No. 286.Licut. Col. Thomas Clark, Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry. No. 257.Lient. Col. Eugene Po~vell, Sixty-sixth Ohio Infantry. No. 255.Mnj. Lansford F. Chapman, Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 289.Capt. Conrad U. Meyer, Twenty-ci ~hth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 290.Lient. Col. Ario Pardee, jr., One hundred and forty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 291.Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Kane, U. S. Army, conmnianding Second l3rigade. No. 292.Lient. Col. Williani Richards, Jr., Twemity-niuth Pennsylvania Imifantry. No. 293.Capt. John Young, Jr., One hundred and mmi;mth Pennsylvania Infaumtry. No. 294.Col. George A. Cobham, jr., Omie handred and eleventh Pennsylvania In- fantry. No. 295.Lient. Col. Simon Litzenberg, One hundred and twenty-fourth Penilsylva- nia Infantry Page 153 CHAP. XXXVII.l THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 153 No. 296.Col. Jacob Higgins, One hundred and twenty-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry. No. 297.Brig. Gen. George S. Greene, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade. No. 298Licut. Ccl. John C. 0. Redington, Sixtieth New York Infantry. No. 299.Capt. William H. Randall, Seventy-eighth New York Infantry. No. 300.Col. James C. Lane, One hundred and second New York Infantry. No. 301.Col. David Ireland, One hundred arid thirty-seventh New York Infantry. No. 302.Lient. Col, Koert S. Van Voorhis, One hundred and thirty-seventh New York Infantry, commanding One hnndred and Forty-ninth New York Infantry. No. :103.Capt. Joseph M. Knap, Battery B, Pennsylvania Light Artillery, Chief of Artillery. No. 304.Brig. Geii. Alfred Pie, sonon, U. S. Army, commanding First Cavalry Di- vision. No. 305.Col. Thomas C. Devin, Sixth New York Cavalry, commanding Second Bri- gade. No. 306.Maj. Pennock Hucy, Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry. No. 307.Lient. Joseph W. Martin, Sixth Battery, New York Light Artillery. ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA. No. 308.Organization of the Army of Northern Virginia. No. 309.Gen. Robert E. Lee, C. S. Ar ny, commanding Army of Northern Virginia, with congratulatory orders. No. 310.Surg. L. Guild, C. S. Army, Medical Director, of the killed and wounded. No. 311.Brig. Gen. Willi~m N. Peudleton, C. S. Army, Chief of Artillery No. 312.Lient. Col. Briscoc G. Baldwin, C. S. Arumy, Chief of Ordnance. No. 313.Maj. G. Moxicy Sorrel, C. S. Army, Assistant Adjutant-General, First Army Corps. No. 314.Col. E. P. Alexander, C. S. Artillery, commanding Artillery Battalion First Army Corps, and Acting Chief of Artilicry, Second Corps. No. 315.Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws, C. S. Army, commanding division, First Army Corps. No. 316.Brig. Gen. Joseph B. Kershaw, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 317. Brig. Gen. Paul J. Semnmes, C. S. Ar~iiy, commanding brigade. No. 315.Lient. Col. Willis C. Ilolt, Tenth Georgia Infantry. No. 319.Brig. Gen. William Barksdale, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 320.Col. Ileury C. Cabehl, First Virgini Artillery, commanding Artillery Bat- talion. No. 321.Maj. S. P. Hamilton, C. S. Army, commanding Artillery Battalion. No. 322.Capt. Henry II. Carlton, Troup Georgia Artillery. No. 323.Capt. John C. Fraser, Georgia Battery. No. 324.Capt. E. S. McCarthy, First Howitzer Company, Virginia Artillery. No. 325.Maj. Gen. Richard I-I. Amlerson, C. S. Army, commanding division. No. 326.Brig. Gen. Cadmuns M. Wilcox, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 327.Brig. Gen. William Mahone, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 328.Brig. Gen. A. R. Wright, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 329.Brig. Gen. Carnot Posey, C. S. Armuy~ commnandin brigade. No. 330.Cd. Samuel B. Baker, Sixteenth Mississippi Infantry. No. 331.Brig. Gen. B. A. Perry, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 332.Maj. Robert A. Hardaway, First Virginia Artillery, Acting Chief of Artillery. No. 333.Lient. Col John J. Garnett, Battalion A, Virginia Artillery. No. 334.Capt. Charles R. Grandy, Norfolk (Va.) Light Artillery Blues. No. 335.Lient. Nathan Penick, Lewis Virginia Battery. No. 336.Capt. Joseph D. Moore, Company B, Battalion A, Virginia Artillery. No. 337.Maj. Gen. Ambrose P. Hili, C. S. Army, commanding Second Army Corps. No. 335.Maj. Gen. JamesE. B. Stuart, C. S. Ari~y, commuanding Second Army Corps. No. 339.Brig. Gen. Henry Heth, C. S. Army, commanding brigade and Ambrose P. Hills division, respectively Page 154 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. No. 340.Col. J. M. Broekeubrough, Fortieth Virginia Infantry, commanding Heths brigade. No. ~4l.Capt. T. Edwin Betts, Fortieth Virginia Infantry. No. 342.Col. Robert M. Mayo, Forty-seventh Virginia Infantry. No. 343Lient. Ccl. William S. Christian, Fifty-fifth Virginia Infantry. No. 344.Lient. Col.~E. P. Taylne, Twenty-s~eeond Virginia Battalion. No. 345.Col. P. H. Hamilton, First Sonth Carolina Infantry, Provisional Army, commanding regiment and McGowans l)rigade. No. .346.Col. Abner Perrin, Fourteenth South Carolina Infantry, commanding regi- ment and McGowans brigade. No. .347.Lient. Col. F. E. Harrison, First South Carolina Rifles. No. 348.Lieut. Col. B. T. Brockmfln, Thirteenth South Carolina In1~antry. No. 349.Brig. Gen. E. L. Thomas, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 350.Col. Robert W. Folsom, Fourteenth Georgia Infantry. No. 351Lient. Col. XV. L. Grice, Forty-fifth Georgia Infantry. No. 352.Maj. S. T. Player, ~orty-ninth Georgia Infantry. No. 353.Brig. Gen. James H. Laici, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 354.Capt. N. A. Pool, Seventh North Carolin Infantry. No. 335.Lient. Col. Forney George, Eighteenth North Carolina Infantry. No. 356.Col. Samuel D. Lowe, Twenty-eighth North Carolina Infantry. No. s57.Capt. Joseph H. Saunders, Thirty-third North Carolina Infantry. No. 355.Col. William M. Barbour, Thirty-seventh North Carolina Infantry. No. 359.Bui~. Gen. J. J. Archer, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 360.Col. B. D. Fry, Thirteenth Alabama Infantry. No. 361.Capt. A. N. Porter, Fifth Alabam~ Infantry Battalion. No. 362.Lient. Col. N. J. George, First Tennessee Infantry, Provisional Army. No. 363.Lient. Col. John A. Fite, Seventh Tennessee Infantry. No. 364.Capt. R. C. Wilson, Fourteenth Tennessee Infantry. No. 365.Capt. W. S. Moore, Fourteenth Tennessee Infantry. No. 366.Brig. Gen. W. I). Pender, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 367.Maj. Williani J. Pegramn, C. S. Army, Walkers artillery battalion. No. 368.Brig. Gen. R. E. Rodes, C. S. Army, commanding D. H. Hills division. No. 309.Col. Edward A. ONeal, Twenty-sixth Alabama Infantry, commanding Rodes bri~ade. No. 370.Col. J. M. Hall, Fifth Alabama Infantry, commanding Rodes brigade. No. 371.Capt. M. F. Bonham, Third Al bama Infantry. No. 372.Col. J. M. Hall, Fifth Alabama Infantry. No. 373.Capt. T. M. Riley, Fifth Alabama Infantry. No. 374.Lieut. Col. Jai es N. Lightfoot, Sixth Alabama Infantry. No. 375.Col. Samuel B. Pickens, Twelfth Alabama Infantry. No. 376.Licut. Col. John S. G. rvin, Twenty-sixth Alabama Infantry. No. 377.Licut. Miles J. Taylor, Twenty-sixth Alabama Infantry. No. 378.Brig. Gen. George Doles, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 379.Lient. Ccl. P. R. E. Winn, Fourth Georgia luf. utry. No. 350.Col. John T. Mercer, ~wenty-first Georgia Infantry. No. 351.Col. John B. Estes, Forty-fourth Georgia Infantry. No. 352.Brig. Gen. A. H. Col(luitt, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 383.Cd. John T. Lofton, Sixth Georgi~ Infantry. No. 3~4.Col. Andrew J. Hutchins, Nineteenth Georgia Infantry. No. 355.Col. Emory F. Best, Twenty-third Georgia Infantry. No. 356.Col. C. T. Zachry, Twenty-seventh Georgia Infantry. No. 357.Col. Tully Gmaybill, Twenty-eighth Georgia Infantry. No. 385.Brig. Gen. Alfred Iverson, C. S. Army, commanding brigade. No. 389.Capt. S. B. West, Fifth North Carolina Infantry. No. 390.Lient. Col. Robert P. Johnston, Twenty-third North Carolina Infantry, commanding Twelfth North Caroli on Regiment. 15 Page 155 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLO~RSVLLLE CAMPAIGN. 155 No. 391Lient. Col. Nelson Slough, Twentieth North Carolina Infantry. No. 392.Col. Daniel H. Christie, Twenty-third North Carolina Infantry. No. 393.Brig. Gen. S. D. Ramseur, C. S. Army, commanding hriga4e. No. 394.Capt. Seaton Gales, Assistant Adjutant-Gener I, C. S. Army. No. 395.Lient. Col. T. H. Carter, C. S. Army, commanding Artillery Battalion. No. 396.-Maj. Gen. Jubal A. Early, C. S. Army, commanding division. No. 397.Brig. Gen. II. E. Coiston, C. S. Army, commanding Trimbles division. No. 398.Lient. Oscar Hinrichs, C. S. Army, Chief Engineer. No. 399.Col. J. H. S. Funk, Fifth Virginia Infantry, commanding P xtons brigade. No. 400.Col. J. Q. A. Nadenbousch, Second Virginia Infantry. No. 401.Maj. William Terry, Fourth Virginia Infantry. No. 402.Lient. Col. H. J. Williams, Fifth Virginia Infantry. No. 403.Lient. Col. Daniel M. Shriver, Twenty-seventh Virginia Infantry. No. 4t)4Lient. Col. Abraham Spengler, Thirty-third Virginia Infantry. No. 405.Col. A. S. Vandeventer, Fiftieth Virginia Infantry, commanding Jones hrigade. No. 406.Licut. Edmund E. England, Acting Adjutant, Twenty-first Virginia In- fantry. No. 407.Capt. Thomas R. Buckuer, Forty-fourth Virginia Infantry. No. 405.Mnj. Oscar White, Forty-eighth Virginia Infan try. No. 409.Maj. L. J. Perkins, Fiftieth Virginia Infantry. No. 410.Lient. Col. Hamilton A. Brown, First North Carolina Infantry, command- ing Colstons brigade. No. 411.Lient. John A. Morgt n, Acting Adjutant, First North Carolina Infantry. No. 412.Col. E. T. I-I. Warren, Tenth Virginia Infantry. No. 413.Capt. A. H. Smals, Tenth Virginia Infantry. No. 414.Lient. Col. Simeon T. Walton, Twenty-third Virginia Infantry. No. 415.Col. J. M. Williams, Second Louisiana Infantry, commanding Nicholls brigade. No. 416.Capt. E. D. Willett, First Lonisiana Infantry. No. 417.Lient. Col. 191. F. Burke, Second Lonisiana Infantry. No. 418.Capt. A. Perroli n, Tenth Lou isian a Infantry. No. 419.Lient. Col B Zable Fourteenth Louisiana Infantry. No. 420.Capt. William C. Michie, Fifteenth Louisiana Infantry. No. 421.Col. H. P. Jones, C. S. Army, conimn;.nnling Artillery Battalion. No. 422.Capt. Willis .1. Dance, ~irst Virginia Artillery, Browns battalion, Artillery Reserve, Second Corps. No. 423Mnj. Gen. James E. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, commanding cavalry (hivision, including the Stonemnan Raid. No. 424.Col. XV. C. Wickham, Fourth Virginia Cavalry. No. 425.Maj. H. F. Beckham, C. S. Artillery, commanding Stuart Jorse Artillcry No. 426.Confederate Roll of Honor. No. 1. Report of MaJ. Gen. Henry W. Ilalleck, U. ~. Army, General-in-Chief. WASHINGTON, ID. C., November 15, ~863. SIR: Iii cotuphanee with your or(lers I submit the following summary of military operations since my last annual report: * * * * * General Hooker relieved General Burnside from his command on January 26, but no advance movement wa~ atternpte(I till near the en(l of April, when a lavge c8valt-~r ibree, under General Stoneman, was s ut across the Upper Rapp: hammock, toward Ihehmnond, to destroy th Page 156 156 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. enemys communications, while General Hooker, with his main army, crossed the IRappahannock and the iRapidan above their junction, and took position atChancellorsville. At the same time General Sedgwick crossed near Fredericksburg, and stormed and carried the heights. A severe battle took place on May 2 and 3; and on May 5 our army was again withdrawn to the north side of the river. From want of offi- cial data, I am unable to give any detailed accounts of these operations, or of our losses. It is also proper to remark in this place that from the time he was placed in comman(i of the Army of the Potomac till he reached Fairfax Station, on Jnne 16, a few days before he was relieved from the coin- mand, General Hooker reported directly to the President, and received instructions directly from him. 1 received no official information of his plans or of their execution. * * * * * * * Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 11. W. HALLECK General-in- Chief. Hon. E. M. STANTON, ASecretary ~f War. No. 2. Organization of the Army qf the Potomac, commanded by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, May 16, 1863. GENERAL HEADQUARTERS. COMMAND OF THE PROVOST-MARSHAL-GENERAL. Brig. Gen. MARSENA R. PATRICK. 93d New York Infantry, Col. John S. Croeker. 6th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Companies E and I, Capt. J rues Starr. 5th U. S. Infantry, Companies A, B, C, D, F, and G, Capt. E. W. H. Read. Detachment Regular Cavalry, Lient. Tattnall Paniding. Patricks Brigade. Col. WILLIAM F. ROGERS. Maryland Light Artillery, Battery B, Capt. Alouzo Snow. 21st New York Intan try, Lient. Col. Chester W. Steinberg. 23d New York Jrit~ntry, Col. henry C. hoffman. 35th New York Infantry, Col. John G. Todd. 80th New York Infantry (20th Militia), Col. Theodore B. Gates. Ohic Light Artillery, 12th Battery, Capt. A ron C. Johnson. Engineer Brigade. Brig. Gen. HENRY W. BENITAM. 15th New York, Col. Clinton G. Colgate. 50th New York, Col. Charles B. Stuart. Battalion United States, Capt. Channeey B. Reese. SIGNAL CORPS. Capt. SAMUEL T. CUSHINcT. ORDNANCE DETACHMENT. Lient. JOHN R. EDIE. GUARI)S AND ORDERLIES. Oneida (N. Y.) Cavalry, Capt. Daniel P. Mann Page 157 Cw& r. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. ARTILLERY.* Brig. Gen. HENRY J. HUNT, Chief of Artillery. AETILLEIIY RESERVE. (1) Capt. WILLIAM M. GRAhAM. (2) Brig. Gen. RoBERT 0. TYLER.I 1st Connecticut 1-Jeavy, Battery B, Lient. Albert F. Brooker. 1st Connecticut Heavy, Battery M, Capt. Franklin A. Pratt. New York Light, 5th Battery, Capt. Elijah D. Taft. New York Light, 15th Battery, Capt. Patrick Hart. New York Light, 29th Battery, Lient. Gustav von Blucher. New York Light, 30th Battery, Capt. Adolph Voegelee. New York Light, 324 Battery, Lient. George Gaston. 1st United States, Battery K, Lient. Lorenzo Thomas, jr. 3d United States, Th ttery C, Lieut. Henry Meinell. 4th United States, Battery G, Lient. Marcus P. Miller. 5th United States, Battery K, Lient. David H. Kinzie. 32d Massachusetts Infantry, Company C, Capt. Josiah C. Fuller. Train Guard. 4th New Jersey (seven companies): Col. Wiiliam I3irney. Capt. Rohert S. Johnston. FIRST ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. JOHN F. REYNOLDS. ESCORT. 1st Maine Cavalry, Company L, Capt. Constantine Taylor. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES S. WADSWORTH. First Brigade. Col. WALTER PIIELPS, JR. 22d New York, Maj. Thomas J. Strong. 24th New York, Col. Samuel R. Beardsley. 30th New York, Col. William M. Searing. 84th New York (14th Militia), Col. Ed- ward 13. Fowler. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. LYSANDEE CUTLER. 7th Indiana, Lient. Col. Ira G. Crover. 76th New York, Col. William P. Wain- wright. 95th New York, Col. George H.~ Biddle. 147th New York, Col. Joha G. Butler. 56th Pennsylvania, Col. J. William Hot- mann. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. GABRIEL R. PAUL. 22d New Jersey, Col. Ahrahani G. Dem arest. 29th New Jersey, CoiWilijain R. Taylor. :30th New Jersey, Col. John J. Cladek. 31st New Jersey, Lieut. Col. Robert P. Honeyman. 137th Pennsylvania, Col. Joseph B. Kid- doo. Fourth Brigade. Brig. Ge n. SoLoMon MEREDITH. 19th Indiana, Ccl. Samuel J. Williams. 24th Michigan, Col. Ilenry A. Morrow. 2d Wisconsin, Col. Lncins Fairchild. 6th Wisconsin, Col. Edward S. Bragg. 7th Wisconsin, Col. William W. Rohin- son. 157 *All organizations of artillery, except the Reserve, will be found in the rosters of the commands with w}z4ch they served, t Assigned May ~ Page 158 N. NA., W. YA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII Artillery. Capt. JOHN A. REYNOLDS. New Hampshire Light, ist Battery, Capt. Frederick M. Edgell. 1st New York Light, Battery L, Capt. John A. Reynolds. 4th United States, Battery B, Lient. James Stewart. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN C. ROEINSON. First Brigade. Col. ADRIAN R. RooT. 16th Maine, Col. Charles W. Tilden. 94th New York, Capt. Samuel N. Moffett. 104th New York, Col. Gilbert G. Prey. 107th Pennsylvania, Col. Thomas F. Mc- Coy. Second Brigade. Brig. men. HENRY BAXTER. 12th Massachusetts, Col. James L. Bates. 26th New York, Lient. Col. Gilbert S. Jeunin (f5 90th Pennsylvania, Col. Peter Lyle. 136th Pennsylvania, Col. Thomas M. Bayne. Third Brigade. Col. SAMUEL 11. LEONARD. 13th Massachusetts, Lient. Col. N. Walter Batchelder. 834 New York (9th Militia), Lient. Col. Joseph A. Moesch. 97th New York, Col. Charles Wheelock. 11th Pennsylvania, Col. Rich~ r(l Coulter. 88th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Louis Wagner. Artillery. Capt. DUNBAR R. RANSOM. Maine Liott 24 Battery (B), Capt. James A. Hall. Maine Light, 5th Battery (E): Capt. George F. Leppien. Lient. Edmund Kirby. Lient. Greeni eaf T. Stevens. Pennsylvania Light, Battery C, Capt. James Thompson. 5th United States, Battery C, Capt. Dunbar R. Ransom. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. TIIoMAS A. ROWLEY. 121st Pennsylvania, Col. Chapman Bid dle. 135th Pennsylvania, Col. James R. Porter. 1424 Pennsylvania, Col. Robert P. Cam- mins. 151st Pennsylvania, Col. Harrison Allen. TIIIRI) 1)IVISION. Maj. Geim. AnN ~R 1)OUBLEDAY. Second Brigak. Col. ROY STONE. 1434 Pennsylvania, Col. Edmund L. Dana. 149th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. XValton Dwight. 150th Pennsylvania, Col. Langhorne Wis~ ter. Artillery. Maj. EZRA W. MATThEWS. 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery B, Capt. James H. Cooper. 1st Peunsylva~ia Light, Battery F, Licut. R. Bruce Ricketts. 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery G, Capt. Frank P. Amsden~ 15 Page 159 CHAP. XXXVI1] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. SECOND ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. DARIUS N. Coucn, ESCORT. 6th New York Cavalry, Companies D and K, Capt. Riley Johnson~ FIRST DIVISION.* Maj. Gen. WINFIELD S. HANCOCK. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOHN C. CALDWELL. 5th New Hampshire: Col. Edward E. Cross. Lient. Col. Charles E. Hapgood. 61st New York: Col. Nelson A. Miles. Lient. Col. K. Oscar Broady. 81st Pennsylvania,CoL H.Boyd MeKeen. 148th Pennsylvania: Col7James A. Beaver. Maj. George A. Fairlamb. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. THOMAS F. MEAGHEE. 28th Massachusetts, Col Richard Byrnes. 6;ld New York, Lieiit. Col. Richard C. Bentley. 69th New York, Capt. James E. MeGee. 88th New York, Col. Patrick Kelly. 116th Pennsylvania (hattalion), Maj. St. Clair A. Maiholland. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. SAMUEL K. ZooK. 52(1 New York: Col. P ul Frank. Lient. Col. Charles G. Frenden- herg. 57th New York, Licut. Col. Alford B. Chapman. 66th New York, Col. Orlando H. Morris. 140th Pennsylvania, Col. Richard P. Roh- erts. Fourth Brigade. Col. JOHN R. BROOKE. 27th Connecticut, Col. Richnrd S. Bost- wick. 2(1 Delaware, Lient. Col. David L. Stricker. 64th New York, Col. Daniel G. Biugham. 5.3d Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Richards MeMichaci. 145th Pennsylvania, Col. Hiram L.Brown. Artillery. Capt. RUFUS D. PETTIT. 1st New York Light, Battery B, Capt. Rufus D. Pettit. 4th United States, Battery C, Licut. Evan Thomas. SECONI) DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN GIBnON. First Brigade. Second Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. ALFRED SULLY. Brig. Gen. JoSIruA T. OWEN. (2) Col. HENRY W. 1-IUDSON. (3) Col. BYRON LAFLIN. 69th Pennsylvania, Col. Dennis OKane. 71st Pennsylvania, Col. Richard P. 19th Maine, Col. Francis E. Heath. Smith~, 15th Massachnsetts,Maj. George C. Joslin. 72d Pennsylvania, Col. Dc Witt C. Bax- 1st Minnesota, Lieut. Col. William Col- ter. viii, jr. 106th Pennsylvania, Col. Turner G. More- 34th New York: head. Col. Byron Laflin. Lient. Col. John Beverly. 52d New York (2(1 Militia): Col. Henry W. Flndson. Lient. Col. James Iluston. During the principal operations south of the Rappahannock, Col. Edward E. Cross had temporary cominaul of a force consisting of the Fifth New I-Jamnpshire, Eiohty-eighth New York, and Eighty-first Pennsylvania. The Sixty-sixth New York, of the Third Brig~ de, served temporarily with the First Brigade. 15 Page 160 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. Third Brigade. Ccl. NORMAN J. HALL. 19th Massachusetts, Lient. Col. Arthur F. Devereux. 20th assachusetts, Lient. Col. George N. Macy. 7th Michigan, Capt. Awos B. Steele, jr. 42d New York, Ccl. James IL. Mallon. 59th New York, Lient. Col. Max A. Thomau. 127th Pennsylvania, Col. William NY. Jennings. Artillery. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery A, C~ pt. William A. Arnold. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery B, Lieut. T. Fred. Brown. Sharpshooters. 1st Company Massachusetts, Capt. William Plumer. TIllED DIVISiON. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM H. FRENCH. Ccl. SAMUEL S. CARROLL. First Brigade. 141;h Judiana, Col. John Coons. 24th New Jersey, Ccl. William B. Robert son. 28th New Jersey: Lieut. Col. John A. Wildric Maj. Samuel K. Wilson. 4th Ohio, Lient. Col. Leonard W. Car- penter. 8th Ohio, Lient. Col. Franklin Sawyer. 7th West Virginia: Col. Joseph Suider. Licut. Col. Jonathan H. Lockwood. Seeoed I3rigade. (1) Brig. Gen. WILLIA~I HAYs. (2) Col. CILAIlLi~s J. Powi~ns. 14th Connecticut. Maj. Theodore G. Ellis. 12th New Jersey: Col. J. Iloward Willets. Maj. John T. Hill. 108th New York: Col. Charles J. Powers. Lient. Col. Francis B. Pierce. 130th Pennsylvania: Ccl. Levi iMaish. Maj. Joseph S. Jenkins. Third Brigade. (1) Col. JOijN D. MAeOeecioir. (2) Col. CnA tILES ALBEIGILT. 1st Delaware, Col. Thomas A. Srnyth. 4th New York, Lieimt. Col. William Jamneson. L32d Pennsylvania Ccl. Charles Albrit,lit. Lient. Col. Joseph B. Shreve. Arlillery. 1st New York Light, Battery G, Lient. Nelson Ames. 1st Rhode Island Light, Th ttery G, Capt. George NV. Adams. RESERVE ARTILLERY. 1st United States, Battery I, Lient. Edmund Kirby. 4th United States, B ttery A, Limit, Alouzo 14, Cushing, 16 Page 161 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYIELE CAMPAIGN. ThIRD ARiJY CORPS. Maj. (len. DANIEL E. SICKLES. FIRST DIVISION, Brig. Gem DAVID 13. 1311 ~iNEY. First Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. C IIA1~ES K. G1I~uIMxI. (2) Col. TIIOIXIAS W. E ~AN. 57th Pennsylvania, Col. Peter Sides. 634 Pennsylvania Lient. Col. Will iain S. Kirkwood. Capt. Jnnes F. Ryan. 68th Pennsylvania, Col. Andrew H. Tip- QiH. 105th Pennsylvania Col. Ainor A. MeKnight. LieIlt. Col. Calvin A. Craig. 114th Pennsylvania: Col. Charles H. T. Colhis. Lient. Col. Frederick F. Cavada. 141st Pennsylvania, Col. Henry J. Mad ill. Second Brigade. llrig. 1en. J. 1-1. hOBART WARD. 20th Indiana, Co]. John Wheeler. 3d Maine, Col. Moses B. Lakeinan. 4th Maine, Col. Elijah Walker. 38th New York, Col. P. Regis do Tro- l)rmli(i. 40th New York, Col. Thomas XV. Egan. 99th Pennsylvania, Col. Asher S. Leidy. Third Brigade. Col. S~nuEI~ B. HAYMAN. 17th Maine Lient. Go]. Charles 13. Merrill. Col. Thomas A. Roberts. 3d Michigan Col. Byron U. Pierce. Lient. Col. Edwin S. Pierce. 5th Michigan: Lient. ( 1. Edward T. Sherlock. Maj. John Pidford. 1st New York. Lient. Col. Francis L. Leland. 37th New York, Lient. Col. Gilbert Riordan. Artillery. Capt. A. JUDSON Cr~A~lK. New Jersey Light, Battery 13, Liciit. Robert Sims. 1st Rhode Island Light, llatterv E, Lient. Pardon S. Jastram. 3d United States, Batteries F and K, Lient. John G. Tnrnhull. SECOND l)TVISlON. (I) Maj. Con. hLIJIAM C. B~iinv. (2) Brig. (len. Jostpia 13. CARR. First Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. JoSEPh B. CAIIII. (2) Col. WILLIAM BLAISDELL. 1st Massachusetts, Col. Napoleon B. Mc- Lan ghl en. 11th Massacbnsetts: Col. William Blaisdell. Lient. Ccl. Porter 1). Tripp. 16th Massachusetts, Lient. Col. Waldo Merriam. 11th New Jersey, Col. Rohert McAllister. 26th Pennsylvania: Col. Benjamin C. Ti]ghman. Maj. Rohert L. Bodine. Second Brigade. (1) i3ri~. Gen. JOSEWI W REVERE. (2) Col. J. ERBERT FARNUM. 70th New York: Col. J. Eghert Farnum. Lieiir. (Jol. Thomas Hiolt. list New York, CoIl. 1-tenry L. Potter. 724 New York: Col. William 0. Stevens. Maj. John Leonard. 73d New York, Maj. Michael W. Burns. 74th New York: Lient. Col. Win. H. Lounshury. Capt. Henry M. Ahles. Capt. Francis E. Tyler. 120th New York, Lient. Col. Cornelius D. Westhrook. Assigned to command of Third Division May 4. 11 H HVOL XXV, PT I 16 Page 162 162 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYII. Third Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. GERSHOM MOTT. (2) Col. WILLIAM J. SEWELL. 5th New Jersey: Col. William J. Sewell. Mnj. Ashbel W. Angel. Capt. Virgil M. Healy. 6th New Jersey: Col. George C. Burling. Lient. Cot. Stephen II. Gilkyson. 7th New Jersey: Col. Louis U. Francine. Lient. Col. Fr~ neis Price. 5th New Jersey: Col. .John Ramsey. Capt. John U. Lahgston. 2d New York: Col. Sidney W. Park. Lient. Col. William A. Oltnsted. 115th Pennsylvania: Col. Francis A. Lancaster. Maj. John P. Dunne. Artillery. Capt. THOMAs W. OSBoRN. 1st New York Light, Battery D, Lient. George B. Winslow. New York Light, 4th Battery: Lient. George F. Barstow. Lient. William T. McLean. 1st United States, Battery 11: Lient. Jnstin E. Dirnick. Lient. James A. Sanderson. 4th United States, Battery K, Licut. Francis W. Seeley. ThIRD DIVISION. (1) Maj. Gen. AMIEL W. WHIPPLE. (2) Brig. Gen. ChARLES K. GRAhAM. First Brigade. Second Brig de. Col. EMLEN FRANKLIN. Col. SAMUEL M. BOWMAN. 56th New York: 12th New hampshire, Col. Jos4h H. Lient. Col. Barna J. Chapin. Potter. Capt. Jacob 11. Lansing. 54th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Milton 124th New York, Col. A. Van Home Ellis. Opp. 122d Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Edwani I 110th Pennsylvania: McGovern. Col. James Crowther. Maj. David M. Jones. Third Brigade. Col. HIRAM BERDAN. 1st U. S. Sharpshooters, Lient. Col. Casper Trepp. 2d U. S Sharpshooters, Maj. Homer P. Stoughton. Artillery. (1) C~t Ar BERT A. VON PUTTKAMMER. (2) Capt JAMES F. I-hUNTINGTON. New Yek Lirlit 10th Battery, Lient. Samuel Lewis. New York Lirht 11th Battery, Lient. John F. Burton. 1st Ohio Li hr Battery H, Capt. James 1. Hnntingtou Page 163 CHAP. XXXVILJ THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. FIFTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. GEORGE G. MEADE. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. CHARLES GRIFFIN. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES BARNES. 2d Maine, Col. George Varney. 18th Mass~ chusetts, Col. Joseph Hayes. 224 Massachusetts, Col. Willia i S. Til- t0171. 2(1 Co. Massachusetts Sharpshooters, Licut. Robert Smith. 1st Michigan, Col. Ira C. Abbott. 13th New York (battalion), Capt. Will- lani Downey. 25th New York, Col. CharIe~ A. Johnson. 118th Pennsylvania, Col. Charles M. Pre- yost. Second Brigade. (1) Col. JAMES McQUAI)E. (2) Col. JAcon B. SWEITZER. 9th Massachusetts, Col. Patrick II. Guiney. 32d Massachusetts, Lient. Col. Luther Stephenson. 4th Michigan, Col. Harrison H. Jeffords. 14th New York, Lient. Col. Thomas M. Davics. 624 Pennsylvania: Cal. Jacob B. Sweitzer. Lient. Col. James C. lIull. Third Brigade. Col. THOMAS B. W. SToeI~ToN. 20th Maine, Lient. Col. Joshua L. Chamberlain. Michi ona Sharpshooters, Bradys Company. 16th Michigan, Lient. Col. Norval B. Welch. 12th New York, Capt. William Huson. 17th New York, Lient. Col. Nelson B. Bartram. 44th New York, Col. James C. Rice. 834 Pennsylvania, Col. Strong Vincent. Artdlerij. Capt. AUGUSTUS P. MARTIN. Massachusetts Li ght, 3d Battery (C), Capt. Augustus P. Martin. Massachusetts Light, 5th Battery (E), Capt. Charles A. Phillips. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery C. Capt. Richard Waterman. 5th United States, Battery D, Lient. Charles E. itazielt. SECOND DIVISION. Maj. Cen. GEORGE SYKES. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. ROMEYN B. AYRES. 3d United States, Companies B, C, F, G. I, and K, Capt. John D. Wilkins. 4th United States, Companies C, F, H, and K, Capt. hiram Dryer. 12th United States, Companies A, B. C, D, and G (First Battalion), and A, C, and D (Second B ttalion), Maj. Richard S. Smith. 14th United States, Companies A, B, D, F, F, and G (First Battalion), and F and G (Second Battalion), Capt. Jonathan B. Hager. ASecend Brigade. Col. SIDNFY BUrBANK. 2d ITnited Statc~,, Companies B, C. F, I, and K Capt S ib in S Marsh. Capt S mud A McKee. 6th United States, Companies D, F, G, II, and I Cipt Levi C. Bootes. 7th United Stares Companies A, B, E, imd 1, Capt. David P. Ilaucock. 10th United St. tes. Companies U, G, an(1 K, Lieut. Edw~ rd G. Bush. 11th United States, Companies B, C, D, B, F, amid G (Firsm~ Bsttaliori), and C a,id D (Second Battalion), Maj. DeL. Floyd-Jones. 17th United States, Companies A, C, D, G, and II (First Battalion), and A and B (Second Battalion), Maj. George L. Andrews. 16 Page 164 N. VA., W. VA., Mix, ANI) PA. [CoAl. XXXVH. Third Brigade. Col. PATRICK 11. ORoIiIE. 5th New York, Cal. Cleveland WinsloW. 140th New York, Lient. Cal. Louis Ernst. 146th New York, Cal. Kenner Garrard. A rti ilerq. Cal)t. S1ErLIEN ii. WEED. 1st Ohio Light, Battery L, Capt. Frmk C Gibbs. 5th United States, Battery 1, Lient. M Thone F. Watson. TIllED l)IViSION. Bra Geii. ANDREW A. h1ui~Iel-iRi;vs. 0. - First Brigade. Brig. (~en. ERASTUS B. TYLER. 91st Pennsylvania Cal. Edgar M. Gregory. Lient. Cal. Joseph 11. Sinex. 126th Pennsylvania, Lient. Cal. David W. Ra we. 129th Pennsylvania, Cal. Jaeob G. Erich. 134th Pennsylvania, Cal. Edward OBrien. Second J;rigttde. Cal. 1~RTl~R II. ALLAIIACH. 123d Pennsylvania, Cal ..JolinB. Clark. 131st Pennsylvania, Maj. Rol)ert W. Pat- ton. 133d Pennsylvania, Cal. Franklin B. Speakunan. 155th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Cal. John H. Cain. Artillery. Capt. ALANSON M. HANDOL. 1st New York Light, Battery C, Capt. Alniont Barnes. 1st United States, Batteries E and G, Capt. Alauson M. Ilandol. SIXTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. JoitN SEDGWJCK. ESCORT. Maj. IIUGIL H. JANEWAY. 1st New Jersey Cavalry, Company L, Lient. Voorhees Dye. 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company II, Capt. William S. Craft. FIRST DIVISE)N. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM T. H. BRools. Praeost-gaard. 4th New Jersey Infantry, Companies A, C, and H, Capt. Charles Ewing. First Brigade. (1) Cal. HENRY W. BROWN. (2) Cal. WILLIAM H. PENROSE. (3) Col. SAMUEL IL BUCK. (4) Cal. WILLIAM II. PENROSE. 1st New Jersey: Cal. Mark W. Callet. Lient. Cal. William Henry, jr. 2d New Jersey: Cal. Samuel L. Bslek. Lient. Cal. Charles \ iebeeke. 3d New Jersey, Maj. J. W. H. Stiekney. 15th New Jersey: Cal. William H. Penrose. Lient. Cal. Edward L. Campbell. 23d New Jersey, Cal. E. Bnrd Grllbb. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. Josi~en J. IiARTLETT. 5th Maine, Cal. Clark S. Edwards. 16th New York, Cal. Joel J. Sea\er. 27th New York, Cal. Alexander D. Adams. 121st New Yark, Cal. Emory Upton. 96th Pennsylvania, Mnj. William H. Le8- sig. 16 Page 165 CHAP. XXXVH.] THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. DAVID A. RUSSELL. 18th New York, Col. George R. Myers. 32d New York, Ccl. Francis E. Pinto. 49th Pennsylvania, Lient. Ce!. Thomas M. Rulings. 95th Pennsylvauia~ Col. Gustavus MT Town. Lient. CeL Elisha Hall. Capt. Theodore H. MeCaila. 119th Pennsylvania, Col. Peter C. Elimaker. ArtiUer?,. Maj. .JoIIN A. TOMPKINS. Massachusetts Light 1st Battery (A), Capt. William H. McCartney. New Jersey Light, Battery A, Licut. Angnstin N. Parsons. Maryland Li~ht Battery A, Capt. Jan)es I-I. Rugby. 2J United States, Battery U, Licut. Edward B. Williston. SECONI) DIVISION. Brig. Gen. ALBION P. Howm Second Brigade. Col. LEWIS A. GRANT. 26th New Jersey: Col. Andrew J. Morrison. Lient. Ccl. Edward Martindale. 2d Vermont, Col. James H. Walbridge. 3d Vermont: Col. Thomas 0. Seaver. Lient. Col. Samuel E. Pingree. 4th Vermont, Ce!. Charles B. Stooghten. 5th Vermont, Lient. Col. John R. Lewis. 6th Vermont, Col. Elisha L. Barney. Third Brigade. Brig. Gcii. ThoMAs 11. NEILL. 7th Maine, Lient. Col. Selden Connor. 21st New Jersey: Ccl. Gilliam Van ilouten. Lient. ( 1. Isaac S. Mettler. 20th New Xoik, Ccl. Ernst von Vegesack. 8:3d New Yerk, Ccl. Robert F. Taylor. 49th New York, Ccl. Daniel B. Bidwdll. i7th New York, Lient. Col. Winsor B. French. Artillery. Maj. J. WATTS DE PRYSTER. New York Light, 1st Battery, Capt. Andrew Cowan. 5th United States, Battery F, Lient. Leonard Martin. TIIIR]) I)IVISION. Maj. (len. JouN NEWTON. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Ccl. ALEXANDER STIALER. (1) Ccl. WILLIAM H. BROWNE. (2) Ccl. HENRY L. EUSTIS. 65th New York, Lieut. Ccl. Joseph E. Harnbliu. 7th Massachusetts: 67th New York, Ccl. Nelsou Cross. Ccl. Thomas U. Johns. 122d New York, Ccl. Silas Titus. Lient. Ccl. Franklin P. liarlow. 2:34 Pennsylvania, Ccl. .John Ely. 10th Massachusetts, Lient. Ccl. Joseph B. 824 Pennsylvania, Maj. Isaac C. Bassett. Parsons. 37th Massachusetts, Ccl. 01 iver Edwards. 36th Nex York, Licut. Ccl. James J. Walsh. 2d Rhode Island, Ccl. Horatio Rogers, Jr. 16 Page 166 166 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. FRANK WHEATON. 624 New York, Lieiit. Col. Theodore B. Hamilton. 9~d Pennsylvania, Capt. John S. Long. 98th Pennsylvania: Col. John F. Ballier. Lient. Col. Ceorge Wynkoop. 1024 Pennsylvania, Col. Joseph M. Kinkead. 139th Pennsylvania, Col. Frederick 11. Collier. Artillery. Capt. JEREMIAH MCCARThY. 1st Pennsylv~ nia Light, Batteries C and D, Capt. Jeremiah McCarthy. 2d United States, Battery G, Lietit. John II. Butler. TIGhT 1)IVJ5TON. Col. hIRAM BUENHAM. 6th Maine, Lient. Col. Benjamin F. Harris. 31st New York, Col Frank Jones. 434 New York, Col. Benjamin F. Baker. 61st Pennsylvania: Col. George C. Spear. M~ j. George VT. Dawson. 5th Wisconsin, Ccl. Thomas S. Allen. New York Light Artillery, 3d Battery, Lient. William A. Ham. ELEVENTH ARMY CORPS. i aj. Cen. OLIVER 0. HOwARD. ESCORT. First Indiana Cavalry, Companies I and K, Capt. Abram Sharra. FIRST I)IVI5ION. (1) Brig. Gen. CuATILEs DEVENS, Jr. (2) Brig. Gen. NATIJANJEL C. McLEAN. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Col. LEOPOLD VON GILSA. (1) Brig. (lien. NATHANIEL C. MCLEAN. (2) Col. Jol-JN C. LEE. 41st New York, Mnj. Detico von Einsie- del. 17th Connecticut 45th New York, Col. George von Ams- Col. William If. Noble. berg. Maj. Allen (il Ilirady. 54th New York: 25th Ohio: Lient. Col. Charles Ashby. Col. William P. Richardson. Maj. Stephen Kovacs. M~ j. Jeremiah Williams. 1534 Pennsylvania: 55th Ohio: Col. Charles Glanz. Col. Jolm C. Lee. Lient. Col. Jacob Dachrodt. Lient. Col. Charles B. Gambee. 75th Ohio: Col. Robert Reily. Capt. Benjamin MorHan. 107th Ohio: Col. Seraphim Meyer. Lient. Col. Charles Mueller Page 167 CHAP. XXXVII.l THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. Unattached. 8th New York (one company), Lient Herman iRosenkranz. Artillery. New York Light, 1:3th B~ ttery, Capt. Julius Dieckmann. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. ADOLPh VON STRINWETIR. First Brigade. Col. ADOLI~HUS BUSCILBECK. 2~th New York: Lietit. Col. Louis Hartmann. Ma]. Alex. von Sehluenibach. 154th Ne~ York: Col. Patrick H. Jones. Lient. Col. Henry C. Loomis. 27th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Lorenz Cantador. 734 Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. William Moore. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. FRANCIS C. BARLOW. 334 Massachusetts, Col. Adin B. Under wood. 134th New York, Col. Charles R. Coster. 136th New York, Col. James Wood, Jr. 734 Ohio, Col. Orland Smith. Artillerp. 1st New York Light, Battery 1, Capt. Michael Wiedrich. THIRD DIVISION. Maj. Gen. CARL SCuURz. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. ALEXANDER SCTIIMMELFENNIGJ 824 Illinois Col. Frederick Reeker. Ma]. Ierdinan(l H. Roisliansen. Capt. J cob Lasalle. 68th New York, Col. Gotthilf Bourry. 157th New York, Col. Philip P. Browii,jr. 61st Ohio, Col. Stephen J. MeGroarty. 74th Pennsylvania, Licut. Col Adolph von Hartung. Second Brigade. Col. W. KRZYZANOWSKI. 58th New York: Capt. Frederick Braun. Capt. Emil Koenig. 119th New York: Col. Elias Peissner. Lient. Col. John T. Lockman. 75th Pennsylvania, Col. Francis Mahier. 26th Wisconsin, Col. William I-I. Jacobs. Unattached. 824 Ohio, Col. James S. Robinson. Artillery. 1st Ohio Light, Battery I, Capt. Hubert l)ilger. RESERVE ARTILLERY. Lient. Col. LouiS SCIIW1VJER. New York Light, 24 Battery, Capt. Ilermaun Jahn. 1st Ohio Light, Battery K, Capt, William L. Del3eck. 1st West Virginia Light, Battery C, Capt. Wallace Hill. 1G Page 168 168 N. VA., w. VA., MD., ANI) PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. TWELFTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. HENRY W. SLOCUM. PROVOST GUARD. 10th Maine (battalion), Capt. John D. Beardsley. FIRST 1)IVISION. Brig. Gen. ALPIJEUS S. WILLIAMS. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOSEPh F. KNIPE. Col. SAMUEL ROSS. 5th Connecticut 20th Connecticut Col. Warren W. Packer. Lient. Col. William B. Wooster. Lient. CoT. James A. Betts. Maj. Plnilo. B. Backingliam. Maj. David F. Lane. 3d Maryland, Blent. Col. Gilbert P. 28th New York: Rein uson. Lient. Col. Elliott W. Cook. P23d Maj. Theophihis ~itzgerald. New York, Col. Archibald L. Mc- Dnngall. 46th Pennsylvvnia: 145th New York: Mnj. Cyrus Strous. Col. E. Livingston Price. Capt. Edward B. Witman. Cal)t. George W. Reid. 128th Pennsylvania Col. Joseph A. Mathews. Maj. Cephas XV. I)yer. Third Brigade. Brig G& o TI-JOi\IAS H. RUGER. 27th Inditni ( ol. Silas Coigrove. 2(1 Mascachusetta, Col. Samuel M. Quincy. 13th Nex J(lSeN (,ol 1 ri I A. Carinan. Mn1 Jul ii Grinies. C apt. George A. Beardsley. 107th New York, (Jul. Alexander S. Diven. 3d Wisconsin, Col. William Hawley. Ar~iilcry. Capt. ROBERT 11. FITZIIUGH. 1st New York Biobt Battery K, Licut. Edward L. Bailey. 1st New York Light, Battery M: Lient. CharlesE. Winegar. Lieut. John D. Woodhnry. 4th United States, Battery F: Lient. Franklin 13. Crosby. Lient. Edward D. Mnhlenberg. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN XV. GE~RY. First Brigade. Col. CHARLES CANDY. 5th Ohio: Lieut. Col. Robert B. Kilpat- rick. Maj. Henry E. Symmes. 7th Ohio, Ccl. William 11. Creighton. 29th Ohio, Blent. Col. Thour, s Clark. 66th Ohio, Blent. Col. Eugene Powell. 28th Pennsylvania: MaJ. Bansford F. Chapman. Capt. Conrad U. Meyer. 147th Pennsylvania, Licut. Col. Ario Par. dee, jr. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. THOMAS L. KANE. 29th Pennsyiv nia, Bicat. Col. William Rickards, jr. 109th Pennsylvania: Col. henry J. Stainrook. Capt. John Xomg, jr. 111th Pennsylvania., GuI. George A Cob barn, j r. 124th Pennsylvania, Blent. Col. Simon Bitzenber~,. 125th Pennsylvania, Col. Jacob Higgins Page 169 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CIIANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 169 Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE S. GREENE. 60th New York, Liout. Col. John C. 0. Redington. 78th New York: Maj. 1-lenry P~. Stagg. Capt. William H. Randall. 102(1 New York, Ce]. .Jamnes C. Lane. 137th New York, Col. David ireland. 149th New York: MaJ. Abel G. Cook. Capt. Oliver 1?. May. Lieut. Col. Koert S. Van Voorhis. ii rtillery. Capt. Josmr M. KNAP. Pennsylvani Light, Battery E: Lient. Charles A. Atwell. Lient. James D. McGill. Pennsylvania Light, Battery F: Capt. Robert B. hampton. Lient. James P. Fleming. CAVALRY CORPS.* Brig. Gen. G1~oIlGE STONEMAN. FIRST I)IVISION. Brig. (len. ALFRED PLEA SONTON. First Brigade. Second Brigade. COL. BENJAMIN F. DAVIS. Col. THOMAs C. DEVIN. 8th Illinois, Licut. Col. David II. Clen- 1st Michigan, Company L, Lient. John denin. K. Truax. 3d Indiana, Col. George H. Chapman. 6th New York: 8th New York, . Lient. Col. Duncan MeVicar. 9th New York, Col. William Sackett. Capt. William F. Beardsley. 8th Pennsylvania, Maj. Pennoek 1-lucy. I 17th Pennsylvania,Col.Josiah H. Kellogg. Artillery. New York Light, 6th Battery, Lient. Joseph W. Martin. SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WIlliAM W. AVERELL. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Ccl. HORACE B. SARCENT. 1 Col. JOHN B. McINTOSH. 1st Massachusetts, Licut. Col. Greely S. 3d Pennsylvania, Lient. Co]. Edward 8. Curtis. Jones. 4th Nex York, Cci. Louis P. Di Cesnola. 4th Pennsylvania. Lient. Col. William F. 6th Ohio, Maj. Benjamin C. Stanhope. Doster. 1st Rhode IslaIl(l, Lient. Col. John L. 16th Pennsylvania, Lient. Col. Loretizo Thompson. 1). Rogers. Tile Second and Third Divisions, First Brigade, First Division, and the Regular Reserve Brigade, with Rohertsoas and Tidhalls batteries on the Stoneman Raid, April 29-May 7. Assumed command of First and Secomi Divisions, May 4 Page 170 170 N. VA., W. VA., MD., KND PA. [CnAr. XXXVII. Artillerq. 2d United States, Battery A, Capt. John C. Tidhall. TiIILIl) I)IVISION. Brio~ Cen. DAVID MeM. GREGG. First Br~gede. Second Brigade. Col. JIJDSON KILPATRICK. Col. PERCY WYNDUAM. 1st Maine, Col. Calvin S. Donty. 1bh Illinois, Lient. Col. Hasbronek Davis. 2d New York Lient. Col. Henry E. 1st Maryland, Lient. Col. James M. Davses, jr. Deems. 10th New York, Lient. Col. WiIh iii I 1st New Jersey, Lient. Col. Virgil Brod Irvine. riek. I st Pennsylvania, Cel. John P. Taylor. REGULAR R 51 LVI C XV XI LIY JILIIGAl)E. T3rig. Gen JoHN I3UFoRD. 0th Pennsylvasns M Robert Morris, Jr. 1st United States Cpt L S. C. Lod. 24 United States, Maj. Charles J. Whiting. 5th United States, Capt lames E. Ilarrison. 6th United States, Capt George C. Cram. ARI ILl } lIt Capt. JAMES M. Ron IIRT5ON. 2d United States, Batteries B and L, Lient. Albert 0. Vincent. 24 United States, i3attery M, Lient. Robert Clarke. 4th United States, Battery B, Lient. Sanlnel S. Elder. No. 3. Report of iJifaj. (len. Joseph hooker, U. ~ Army, commanding Army of the Potomac, with congratulatory orders. TIEADQUARTEPS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, lay 3, 18633.30 p. in. (ReceiVed 4 p. in.) We haVe had a desperate fight yesterday aud to-day, which has re- sulted iu no success to us, having losi a position of two lines which had been selected for our defense. It i~ now 1.30 oclock and thcre is still some firing of artillery. We in ty ii ix C another turn at it this p. in. I do not despair of sucCess. If ~e I owick could have gotten up, there could haVe been but one result As it IS impossible for me to know the exact position ef Sedgwick as regards his ability to a(lvance and take part iu the engagement, I cannot tell when it will end. We will en- deavor to do our best. My troops are iii good spirits. We have fought desperately to-day. No geuer1l ever commanded a more devoted army. JOSEPH llOOKEI~, ajor- General. His Excellency A. LINCOLN, President of the United & ates Page 171 Qua. IflYIL] THE OHANQELLORSULLE CAMPAIGN. 171 Gmw~ Onna, I HEwQuanns ARMY OP THE POTOMAC, No. 47. Gasp esear Faimouth, F.., April 30, 1863. It is with heartfelt satifaction the commanding general announces to the army that the operations of the last three days have determined that our enemy must either ingloriously fly, or come out from behind his defenses and give us battle on our own pond, where certain desks- tion awaits him. The operations of the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Corps have been a succession of splendid achievements. By command of Major-General Hooker: S. WILLIAMS, AnE stat A4Jutau.tOeur4 GRAL ORDERs, ~ HEADQUARTERS Ar 01 THE PoTOMAC, No. 49. 5 (leap oscar Falusouth, Ye., May 6,1863. The major-general commanding tenders to this army his congratula- tions on its achievements of the last seven days. If it has not scorn- plished alithat was expected, the reasons are well known to the army. It is sufficient to say they were of a character not to be foreseen or pie- vented by human sagacity or resource. In withdrawing from the south bank of the Bappahannock before de- livering a general battle to our adversaries, the army has given renewed evidence of its confidence in itself and its fidelity to the principles it represents. In fighting at a disadvantage, we would have been recreant to our trust, to ourselves, our cause, and our country. Profoundly loyal, and conscious of its strength, the Army of the Potomac will give or decline battle whenever its interest or honor may demand. It will also be the guardian of its own history and its own fame. ~fBy our celerity and secrecy of movement, our advance and passage the rivers were undisputed, and on our withdrawal not a rebel yen tired to follow. The events of the last weet may swell with pride the heart of every officer and soldier of this army We have added new luster to it.. former renown. We have made long marches, crcssed rivers, surprised the enemy in his intrenchments, and whenever we have fought have inflicted heavier blows than we have received. We hare taken from the enemy 5,000 prisoners; captured and brought off seven pieces of artillery, fifteen colon; placed hors de combat 18,000 of his chosen troops; destroyed his depots filled with vast amounts of stores; deranged his communications; captured prisoners within the fortifications of his capital, and filled his country with fear and con- sternation. We have no other regret than that caused by the loss of our brave companions, and in this we are consoled by the conviction that they have fallen in the holiest cause ever submitted to the arbitrament of battle. By command of Major-General Hooker. S. WILLIAMS, Aaeietae.t A#jvtatdJe,s.ra Page 172 172 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CuAP. XXXVIT. No. 4. Returns of Casualties in the Union forces during the ChaneeUorsville Campaign. [Compiled from sio,~inal lists, returns, & c.] SKIR~ ISHES APRIL 29-20. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. a a ~ a a a 0 a 0 0 a -~ -~ is ~ ~ ~ i~ o ~ 0 0 Skirmish at Gerinensue Ford, Ye., April 29. 6th New York Cavalry 1 3 5 Skirmish siear Old Wilderness Tasern, Va., April 10. 28th Pennsylvania Infantry 1 1 2 Skirmishes at and near Chaneellersville, Va., April 30. 8th Pennsylvania Cavalry 3 3 Skirmish near Spolspleani Court-flouse, Va., April 30. 0th ~Scw York Cavalry * 1 2 2 10 1 35 51 FRANKLINS CROSSING, 011 I)EEP RUN, APRIL 29-MAY 2. Killed. Wounded. Captnre(l or inissnig. a a Command. . a a ~ a a j ~ A ~ o ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ 31st NewYork 1 49th Pennsylvania 2 - - - - 10 95th Pennsylvania - - - - - 3 119th Pennsylvania 1 . -. 3 ___ 4 Total 2 21 20 NOTECapt. William 13. Freeborn, lorty-nintli Pennsylvania, mortally wounded April 29. * Lient. Col. Duncan MeVicar killed Page 173 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 173 POLLOCKS MILL CREEK (WHITE OAK RUN), OR FTTZ1IUC HS CROSSING, APR[L 29- MAY 2. Command. 7th Indiana 19th InOt it 12th Mas ~ hnsetts 13th Mass chusctts 24th Miehi in 22(1 New Jersey 29th New Jersey - 13th New Yotk En~ineers* 50th New York F nineers * 1st New York I tght Artillery, Battery L 22d New Yet K 24th N w Ye, K 30th New Yotk 70th N rv Yet K 83(1 rwloik 84th New \ nik 95th New Yotk 147th New York 56th Pentts~ Ivuna - 90th Penns~ lx anta 107th Pentisylvanis 135th Petiuss ivansa 130th Penns~ Ivansa 24 W consin 6th Wiseonsiti 7th Wisconsin 4th U. S. Artillery, Battery B Total Killed. 4 a a a -n 0 g~ 4 15 1 4 2 1 3 I Wounded. Capturedor nilsslltg. 4 2 2 - ,~ a a a a a a xii -~ .~ xii 0 l~ I 5 1 5 - - - 1 3 1 19 24 6 4 - 1 1 7 8 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 21 23 2 1 4 7 6 6 8. 10 7 8 1 1 1 1 1 5 6 5.~. 1 6 1 12 16 2 3 1 9 1 1 9 135 1 8~ 172 OFFICERS KILLED. Capt. George Bt1Sh, 13th Massachusetts, Capt. Alex~ rider Gordon, 7th Wisconsin, Apri] 30. April 29. Liettt. William Cordwell, 13th Massachu- Licut. William 0. Topping, 7th Wiscon- setts, April 30. sin, April 29. OFFICERS MORTALLY WOUNDED. Lietit. James II. Bloomfield, 44th New Licut. Alfred C. Lindsay, 136th Penusyl York, April 29. vania, April 30. THE STONEMAN RAID, APRIL 29-MAY 11. Killed. Wonuded. Captured or misstng. 4 4 a a - Command. S ~ -~ - a a a a a a a a a ~ - - Sr -~ -~ 2 xii 0 ~4 0c~ ~1 12th Illinois Cavalry 2 1 2 1 I 29 35 1st Maine Cavalry 1 1 1 23 26 1st Marylainl Cavalry 10 itt Otti i~ernylvania Cavalr-y 2 2 1st iT. S. Cavalry 15 18 2ut IT. S. Cavalry 13 It 5th U. S. Cavalry 1 3 2 3t 37 6th U. S. Cavalty 13 it Tohi 4 1 6~ 4~ 135 150 * The casualties in the Engineer troops occurred at Fitzhninhs Cro an4 at Uaited States and Banks Fords, May 34. ~ ssing, April 29 Page 174 174 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CuAP. XXXYIL RAPIDAX STATiON, VA., MAY 1. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. a a 3 3 3 -~ a a ~ -a. ,,~ -a a -~ -~ a ~ a a -~ -S -~ S it a _________________ 0 ~ 0 8th Illinois Cavalry 2 2 3d Indiana Cavalry 1 ~ 19 24 1st Massachusetts Cavalry - - I 2 3 8th New York Cavalry. ---. 1 4 5 1st Rhode Island Cavahy. . 5 - 5 Total 1 1 11 1 23 39 ______ _ _ _ I I _ ______ KOTELient. Alton E. Phillips, First Massachusetts Cavalry, mortally wounded. TilE BATTLE OP CIIANCELLOlISYThLE, MAY 1-3. [Including skirmishes alon_ the lines, May 46.] Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command, a a a 3 3 3 d ~ a a a a a a a a C~ a ~ a a a - C S S a 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 3~ -~ ARMY 01! TILE POTOMAC. Maj. Caen. Josaau HOOKER. Staff 1 1 FIRST ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. JesiN F. RayNeLus. TIR5T DIViSION. Brig. Gen. JAMES S. WADSWOUTC. First Brigi de. Col. WAT.TER Psiuses, Jr. 24th New York. . 1 1 30th New York 1, 1 Total First Brigade 2 -) Seceed Brigade. I . _____ Brig. Gen. LvsANuau CUrLER. 78th New York --- 2 95th New York .. 2 Total Second Brigade --- 4 Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. GADlURL R. PAUL. 29th New Jersey - . . . . 1 - ... 5 39th New Jersey . 1 --- Total Third Briande . 1 1 3 I - - - 10 - The losses of this corps from the 3d to the 6th of May only are iucluded in this xeturn. Its Josses at Pitzhuiglls Crossing ai-e embodied iu the table on p ego 173 Page 175 175 CHAP. XXXVII.] TilE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. TILE BATTLE OF CHANCELLOIlSYILLE, KY 1-IContinued. Killed. Wounded a a a a Command. 2 013 a a a a C a a E -~ a 2 Artillery. 4th United States, Battery B. Total Artillery ..... . - Total First Division 1 1 14 SECOND 1)IVISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN C. ROBINSON. First Brigade. Col. ADIDAN IL. Roov. 94th New York i lt4thiNewYork 1 2 Total First Brigade 1 1 Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. HENRY BAXrER. 12th Massachusetts 2 Total Second Brigade 2 Third Brigade. Col. SAMUEL II. LEONARD. 13th Massachusetts 6 83d New York (91.9 Militia) 88th Pennsylvania 2 Total Third Brigade 11 Artillery. Maine light, 5th Battery (E) -. (i 1 19 Penusl ivansa Light, Battery C 1 I Total Artillery 7 1 22 Total Second Division 7 4 38 ThIRD DIVISION. Maj. G en. ABNER IJOUTILEDAY. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. THOMAS A. ROWLEY. 121st Pennsylvania 2 111th Pennsylvania 3 3 151st Pennsylvania . 1 1 5 Total First Briade 1 1 10 1 1 Serond Brigade. Col. Roy SYOXE. 141d Pennsylvania 149th Pennsylvania - - -. - - .150th Pennsylvania Total S ~cond Brigade I 2 2 2 -) 7 5 7 I 1 6 1 25 9 15 1 1 1 2 2 18 1 I 4 6 4 2 12 28 4 32 aS 3 29 16 48 1 1 1 Page 176 176 N. \TA., W. VA., MD., ANi) PA. [CoAl. XXXVH. THE BATTLE OF CHKNCELLORsy~~~~ MAY 1 3 Contiuned Killed Woundcd Captuied 01 IfllSSm Command. ____________________ 0 ~4 0 ~ 0 ~ 1 8 2 ii -. 1~ 8 2 ii 1~ 2 2l~ 1 37 62 9 7 73~ 1~ 4j Rio 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery G Total Artillery Total Third Division Total First Army Corps SECOND ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. DARIUS N. C!ueu. Staff Escort. Capt. RILEY JOONSON. 6th New York Cavalry, Companies D and K FIRSY OIYISION. Ma). Gen. WiNFIELD S. HANCOCK. First llrigade. Brig. Gen. Joeix C. CALUWELL. Staff New Hampshire 61st New York 81st Pennsylvania 148th Penns~1vania Total First Brigade Second l4riyedte. Brig. Gen. THoMAs F. MEAUJIER. 28th M, ssaehnsetts - - - 61d New York 69th New York 88th New York 116th Pennsylvania (hattalion) Total Second Brigade Artillery. 3 3 1 7 9 2 4 9 ii 1 5 19 18 54 2 20 4 31 25 27 61 164 278 16 6 10 46 24 102 Third lirigade. Brig. Gen. SAMUEL K. ZOOK. 52d NewYork 9 43 57th New York. 2 2 26 ...~ 1 31 66th ~Kew York. - - - 1 2 8 2 57 70 140th Pennsylvania 1 6 1 27 9 44 Total Third Brigade 1 12 8 89 2 70 188 Fourth Brigade. Col. Jonu R. BROOKE. 27th Connecticut 1 1 6 19 264 291 2d Delaware 1 1 3 16 2 18 61 64th New York. 15 3 18 8 44 53d Pennsylvania, . - - - 1 7 3 11 145th Peuns ivania - - - - 1 1 6 6 106 122 Total Fourth Brigade 1 18 11 51 27 419 529 1 17 3 1 1 15 3 9 4 4 14 19 29 9 110 14 34 20 176 1 4 Page 177 177 CHAP. XXXVILJ THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE, MAY 1-3 Continued. Command. Artillery. 1st New York Light, Battery B 4th United States, Battery C Total Artillery Total First Division 311-11111) DIVISION. Maj. Gen. WILLIAM H. FRENCH. First J3rigede. Col. SAMUEL S. CAR OLL. 14th indiana 24th New Jersey 28th New Jersey 4th Ohio 8th Ohio 7th West Virginia Killed. \XrOu1id~d Captured or laissilIg. 5 1 1 Total First Brigade 2 Second Brigade. (1) Brig. Geii. WILLIAM HAYs.* (2) Col. CHARLES J. POWERS. Staff 14th Connecticut 12th New Jersey 108th New York. - - - - 130th Pennsylvania Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. (1) Col. JOHN D. MACGREGOR. (2) Col. CHARLES ALBRICHT. 1st Delaware. - - 132d Pennsylvania Total Third Brigade Total Third Division I - - - RESERVE ARTILLE V. 1st United States, Battery I Total Reserve Artillery Total Second Army Corps THIRD ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. DANIEL E. SICEL S. Staff FIBST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. DAvlo B. BIRNEY. Staff 1 1 a a a 9 2 3 7 1 14 1 a 27 23 2 25 S 0 2 50 8 2 2 1 14 4 3 6 18 it 12 23 195 42 2(1 27 53 It) 10 168 14 126 39 25 224 a a CI N N [ a -1 12 15 27 30 571 1,124 7 64 12 36 29 59 4 73 1 12 4 24 57 268 4 17 56 22 178 10 52 29 49 319 2 2 6 1 38 19 55 2 2 39.... 1 44 8 3 77 11 1)9 3 60 15 469 2 117 686 1 1 2 1 1. 2 8 133 87 8(17 32 688 1, 815 1 1 2 K 2 * Wounded and captured. Thirty-one of the missing of this division were subsequently found to be wounded, which changed the total loss to 535 WolIndeti and 8~ missing. 12 R RYOL XXV, PT Page 178 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CRAP. XXXYIL ThE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSYILLE, MAY 1-3Continued. Command. First Brigade. (1) Brig Can. Cii A ULlIS K. GLIAIIAM. (2) Col. TIJOMAS IV. EaAN. 57th Pennsylvania 634 Pennsylvania 68th Pennsylvania 105th Pennsylvania 114th Pennsylvania 141st Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Brig. Gao. J. H. ionAsIr WARn. 20th Indiana 3(1 Maine 4th Maine 38th New York 40th New York 99th Pennsylvania Killed. Wounded. Captnred or snissin~. 0 2 3 1 3 3 3 15 9 1 Total Second Brigade 3 Third Brigade. Col. SAMUEL B. HAYMAN. 17th Maine 3d Sliehigan 5th Michigan 1st New York 37th New York Total Third Brigade Artillery. Capt. A. JUnsoN CLARK. New Jersey Light, Battery B - 1st Rhode 15150(1 Light, Battery B 3d United States, Batteries F and K. Te 1 Artillery Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. (1) Maj. Gen. ilnIAM G. Basn~v.5 12) Brig. Gen. Josaou B. CAaR. Staff First Bri ode. 1 1 1 (1) Brig. Gen. Jossirn B. CAuR. (2) Col. WILLIAM BLAISIJELL. 1st Massachosette 1 8 llt4s a. achoseits 2 6 16th lassachosetis 1 5 13th New Tars y 2 10 26th Pennsylvania I ii Tetal First Brigade 6 46 * Killod. 8 4 (I 17 21) 57 1 2 1 9 1 1 8 9 6 6 3 S 0 7 2 8 9 33 2 1 3 6 5 3 3 3 S 41 (hO 23 59 113 143 457 17 16 36 16 37 16 118 60 43 40 15 106 S S a C -C - a o ~ 1 3 6 1 1 2 1 17 35 35 3 38 60 188 4 42 10 18 29 9 112 38 20 28 57 107 71 118 75 76 181 235 756 24 63 28 37 70 26 248 113 73 78 80 222 3 27 19 264 3 250 566 3 7 10 2 13 2 17 1 6 1 8 6 20 3 35 21 98 60 86a 10 553 1, 607 1 1 2 7 10 5 44 2 60 . 52 iDi (iS 38 3 8 9 27 3101 2 63 95 76 73 169 91 534 17 Page 179 CHAP. XXXVH.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSYILLE MAY l3Continned. Command. Second Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. JOSEPH W. RRVERR.* (2) Col. J. EOBERT FARNUM. Staff New York 71st New York 72d New York 734 New 74th New York 120th New York Killed. Wounded, Captured or missin~ U o .5 ~ o ~ 4 1 Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. GERSHOM MIOTT.f (2) Col. WILLIAM J. SEWELL. Staff 5th New Jersey 6th New Jersey 7th New Jers& g 8th New Jersey 24 New York 115th Pennsylvania Total Third Brigade Artillery. Capt. THOMAS W. Oeiioiix. 1st New York Light, Battery D 1st United States, Battery H 4th United States, Battery K 2 1 1 3 7 Total Artillery 1 Total Second Division 20 THIRD DIVISION. (1) Maj. Gen. AMIEL W. WHIPPLR4 (2) Brig. Gen. CHARLES K. GRAHAM. Staff First Brigade. Col. EMLEN FRANKLIN. 86th New York 124th New York 122d Pennsylvania Total First Brigade 4 Second Brigade. Col. SAMUEL M. BOWMAN. 12th New Hampshire 3 84th Pennsylvania 110th Pennsylvania 1 Total Second Brigade ,,, 4 1 7 4 21 11 6 5 17 4 7 50 U 0 ~ -1 2 7 3 16 2 7 11 6 5 8 44 2. 2 7 1 11 13 24 29 19 48 144 95 42 35 96 39 71 378 2 a ~ ~ 0 ~ 1 17 23 58 4 15 13 130 6 8 6 6 22 48 12 18 . 37 ii 1 67 128 88 949 3 241 1 5! 4 27 7 11! Ii 43i 17 64 154 69 287 38 14 199 1 4 5 54 4 18 2 19 271 7 S Ct 1 32 39 101 38 40 66 317 2 121 67 47 125 54 111 527 14 21 45 80 1, 429 179 1 1 15 16 32 77 204 102 383 Relieved May 3. Wounded, Mortally woulIdod. 62 317 147 215 20 45 229 57 Page 180 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSYILLE, MAY 1-3Continued. Command. Third Brigade. Col. HIRAM BERDAN. 1st United States Sharpshooters 2d United States Sharpshooters Total Third Brigade Artillery. (1) Capt. ALBERT A. VON PUTTEAMMER. (2) Capt. JAMES F. HUNTINGTON. Killed. 0 1 1 New York Light, 10th Battery New York Light, 11th Battery 1st Ohio Light, Battery H Total Artillery Total Third Division... Total Third Army Corps FIFTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. GEORGE G. MEADE. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. CHARLES GRIFFIN. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES BARNES. 2(1 Maine 18th Massachusetts 2d Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters - ..... 1st Michipan 13th New York (battalion) . 25th New York 118th Pennsylvania . Total First Brigade Second Brigade. (1) Col. JAM S MUQUADE. (2) Col. JACOB B. SWEITEER. 9th Massachusetts 32d Massachusetts 4th Michigan 14th New York 62d Pennsylvania Total Second Brigade . Third Brigade. (iol. TROMAS B. W. STOCKTON. Michigan Sharpshooters, Bradys company 16th Michigan 17th New York 44th New York bId Pennsylvania Total Third Brigade 10 51 10 10 2 101 327 Wounded. Captured or 10155111g. 0 2 7 1 1 45 II)4 a 46 8 54 a a a ,,~ ~ 0 ~ 13 7 25 617 2,451 7 20 6 6 12 1 3 9 282 1,076 be bI be 68 16 84 18 ii 8 37 1, 082 4,119 3 1 39. 4 48 13 13 1 5 5 11 6 12 2 20 3. 3 2 2 11 15 9 2 44 7 62 1..~ 1 6 6 1 4 5 4 4 4 4 2 18 20 180 1 2 3 1 10 2 13 1...... 1 2 12 1 15 4 1 5 3 3 8 Page 181 ~ThAP, ~i~V1T.1 TUI~ CHANC~LLOI~SVILLE CAMPAIGN. 181 THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSYJLLE MAY 1-3- Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. a - Command. Q 8 8 8 I 02 ~ 02 2) -~ F- .~ 2) 02 2) 02 ~ 02 F- 2) 2) .. 2) 25 IS 5 5 ~ ~8 ~ ___________________ 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ Artillery. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery C Total Artillery Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. Maj. Gen. GEORGE SYKES. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. ROMEYN B. AYRES. 3d United States, Companies B, C, F, G, I, andK 4th United States, Companies C, F, 11, and K 12th United States, (ompanies A, B, C, ID, ami G. 1st Bat. talion, and Companies A, C, and ID, 2d Battalion. 14th Umted States, Companies A, B, ID, F, F, and G, 1st Battalion, and Companies F and G, 2d Battalion. Total First Brigade Second Biigede. Col. SIDNEY BUHIIANK. 2d United States, Companies B, C, F, I, and K 1 6th United States, Companies D, F, G, H, and I 7th United States, Companies A, B, E, and I 2 10th United States, Companies ID, G-, aIId H 11th United States, Companies B, C, ID, F, F, and G, 1st 7 Battalion, and Companies C and ID, 2d BattalIon. 17th United States, Companies A, C, ID, G, and II. 1st Bat- 1 5 muon, and Companies A and B, 2d Battalion. Total Second Brigade . 2 15 Third Brigade. Col. PATRICK H. ORORKE. 140th New York 146th New York Total Third Brigade Artillery. Capt. STEPHEN II. WEED. 1st Ohio Light, Battery L 5th United States, Battery I Total Artillery. Total Second Division THIRD DIVISION. Brig. Gen. ANDREW A. HUMPHREYS. First Brigade. 2 2 4 1 1 3 1 1 24 2 1 3 2 8 2 1 3 2 8 116 4 104 13 138 4. 5 9 1 2 1 4 S 18 23 3 1 5 6 15 4 1 1tI~ 30 51 27 21K::::. 9 S 12~ 1 151 5 2 21 6 ~1 lOS 22 II 1 6 l6~ 2 29 27 3 35 8 1 5 13 1 161 3 88 39 25 55 2 13 31 6 33 7 158 21 St 2 6 Brig. Gen. ERASTUS B. TYLER. 91st Pennsylvania 8 4 126th Pennsylvania 5 2 129th Pennsylvania 4 1 134th Pennsylvania 1 3 1 fotal First Brigade 1 20 8 28 28 16 12 28 35 147 21 50 71 lIt 16 285 76 77 42 45 24 Page 182 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCiAc. XXX VII. T LIE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSTI LLE, MAY 1-3Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captwed or nIIss1ng.~ Command. S -. a ~ so F.. ~ F. - SI Sr 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ Second Brigade. Col. PETER II. ALLABACII. 123d Pennsylvania 131st Pennsylvania. 133d Pennsylvaiioa 1 SItu Pennsylvania Total Second Brigade . Total Third Division . Total Fifth Army Corps ELEVENTH ARMY CORPS. Maj. Gen. OLIVER 0. HOWARD. FIRST i)IVISION. (1) Brig. Gen. ChARLES DEVENS, Jr.* (21 Brig. LIen. NATHANIEL C. MCLEAN. Staff First Brigade. Col. LEOPOLD VON GILsA. 41st New York.. 45th New York 54th New York 153d Pennsylvania.. Total First Brigade ,Seceisd Brigade. (1) Brig. LIen. NATTIANIEL C. MCLEAN. (2, Col. JOHN C. LEE. Staff. 17th Connecticut 25th Ohio 55th Ohio 75th Ohio 107th Ohio Total Second Brigade Artillery. New York Light, 13th Battery Total First Division SECOND DIVISION. Brig. Gen. ADOLPH VON STEINW .HE. First Brigade. Col. ADOLPHUS BUSORBECK. 29th New York 154th New York 27th Pellnsylvania 73d Pennsylvania Total First Brigade. I,Voiinded. 1 1 2 6 1 3 3 1 23 9 63 19 1 3 3 1 I 1 1 1 5 2 4 6 13 3 13 8 12 4 40 2 3 3 3 it 1 3 3 4 21 7 4 0 10 30 188 453 26 22 21 37 106 35 102 132 58 50 327 1 10 8 53 54 443 1 1 1 3 3 4 49 1 38 96 6 3 77 4 137 228 6 2 29 19 56 8 6 59 29 103 23 15 214! 5 223 ~82 1 8 4 It 1 14 2 37 53! 277 154 700 1 31 61 13 76 17 42 :i6 135 127 264 2 1 3 4 2 1 2 3 13 17 64 30 57 64 71 286 3 111 152 i53 140 133 692 2 13 415 97 Page 183 I ~3 CoAs. XXXVII.] THE CIIANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSYILLE, MAY 1IContinued. Command. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. FRANCIS C. BARLOW. 314 Massachusetts 134th New York 136th New York 734 Ohio Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. 0 Total Second Brigade - - - - . . - Artillery. 1st New York Light, Battery I Total Second Division THIRD DIVISION. Ma]. Gen. CARL SCHURZ. Staff First Brigade. Bri,,. (len. ALEXANDER SCHIMMELFENNIG. 824 Illinois 68th New York 157th New York Gist Ohio - 74th Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Col. W. KRZYZAKOWSKL 58th New York 119th New York 75th Pennsylvania. - - 26th Wisconsin 13 I 0 1 1 lit I 3 3 1 1 8 10 232 a 2 a ,~ 13 3 1-1 Di 7 8 6 2 2 13 239 519 1. 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 otal Second Brigade. 3 27 12 33 8 81 10 1 22 33 S 3 3 13 2 3 1 7 13 Ths attached. 824 Ohio 3 5 3 Artillery. 1st Ohio Light, Battery I Total Third Division. N SERVE ARTILLERY. 1st Ohio Li,,ht, Battery K Total Eleventh Army Corps - - - TWELFTH ARMY CORPS. Ma]. (lIen. HENRY W. SLOCTIM. Staff - .. PROVOST GUARI). 10th Maine (hattalion) FIRST DIVISION. Staff Brig. Gen. ALPITEUS S. WILLIAMS. 83 17 6:1 24 13 200 8 64 6 128 206 45 10 1 2 3 1 18 31 18 29 118 18 42 48 40 148 24 155 54 98 60 52 419 It 12(1 59 108 4(18 81 11 9 WO 3~ 461 8 290 920 -- 3~ 3 20 197 82 1 139 30 944 2,412 1] 1 7 2 1 3 I lI Page 184 N. VA., XV. VA .,MD .,ANI) PA. recAp. XXXVII. TIlE BATTLE OF CIIANCELLOIISVILLE MAY 1-3Continued. Command. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOSEPH F. KEWE. 5th Connecticut 28th New York 46th Pennsylvania - 128th Pennsylvania Killed. Wounded. a d 3 a a -~ ~ a 0 1 2 Total First Brigade 3 Second Brigade. Col. SAMUEL ROSS. Staff 20th Connecticut 3d Maryland 121d New York 145th New York. Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. THOMAS II. RUCER. Staff 27th Indiana 21 Massachusetts 11th New Jersey 107th New York 3d Wisconsin. - - Total Third Brigade Artillery. Capt. IIOnERT H. FITEnuoc. Staff... 1st New York Light, Battery K - 1st New York Light. Battery M 4th United States, Battery F Total Artillery. Total First Division SECOND DIvISION. Brig. Gen. JOHN W. GEARY. First Brigade. Col. CHARLES CANDY. 5th Ohio 7th Ohio 29th Ohio. 66th Ohio 28th Pennsylvania 147th Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Seeend J3rigade. Brig, Gen. THOMAS L. KANE. Staff 29th Pennsylvania. 109th Pennsylvania. 111th Pennsylvania. 124th Pennsylvania 125th Pennsylvania Total Second Bri~ade 1 1 1 1 4 3 1 2 7 1 1 2 2 3 7 1 1 2 10 10 15 3 38 2 1 3 4 3 4 1 13 1 9 8 7 4 2 31 1 5 1 6 1 120 48 4 16 2 15 10 50 4 2 4 20 19 6 13 12 50 17 20 17 4 16 74 Captured or missing. d a a a Se IL o ~8 -~ 6 17 4 67 6 75 11 188 27 317 1 56 5 42 1 110 32 2 240 9 23 28 18 50 193 03 28 99 212 412 2 169 85 148 95 499 117 4 iso 102 7 118 93. 24 141 50 24 83 72 9 101 434 68 614 7 l~3f 1 22 5 10 29~ 1 8 4; ml 38 638 1,012 48 62 40 35 55 53 293 1 1 24 21 27 30 24 24 150 82 99 72 73 101 94 521 1 1 6 11 2 21 1 2~ ,2 15. 2 22 1 4~ 3 11 7 26 1 1 15 3 20 1 4 25 19 49 .1 13~ 11 79~ 31 139 18 Page 185 CHAP. XXXVII.1 THE CIIANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLOTISVILLE, MAY 1-3---Continned. Command. Third Brigade. Staff Brig. Gen. GEORGE S. GREENE. 60th New York 78th New York 102d New York. - . 137th New York. 149th New York Total Third Brigade. Artillery. Capt. JOSEPH M. KNAP. Pennsylvania Light, Battery E Pennsylvania Light, Battery F Total Artillery Total Second Division Total Twelfth Army Corps CAVALRY. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. ALFRED PLEASONTON. Seeend Brigade. Col. THOMAS C. IDEVIE. 6th New York 8th Pennsylvania 17th Pennsylvania New York Light Artillery, 6th Battery Killed. a 2 a 2 1 2 4 9 ii 9 3 13 45 1 1 1 1 2 15 110 30 230 3 Total Second Bri,,ade 3 Wounded. Cantured or missin~. 0 3 3 3 16 a a 2 2 a - a Ce C.) 1. 41 31 4S~ 2 66 38~ 1 38 13~ 1 35 63~ 2 101 203; 7~ 253 1 7 7 1~ 14 48 589 97 1,344 1 1 2 21 1 8 2 4 5 2 33 8 416 46 1,075 66 131 90 54 386 o28 9 9 18 1, 206 2, 822 17 39 76 102 - 5 34 6 98 141 RECAHTULATJON. General Headqnarters First Army Corps Second Army Corps Third Army Corps Fifth Army Corps . Eleventh Army Corps Twelfth Army Corps - . .. Cavalry Grand total 8 51 6 20 30 3 115 OFFIC ES KILLED. CONNECTICUT. 9 113 327 63 197 230 5 964 1. I 7 73 1 45 135 87 807 32 688 1, 815 194 2,451 20 1,076 4,119 19 453 5 154 700 82 3,139 38 944 2,412 97 1,344 46 1,075 2,822 2 33 98 141 489 (I, 308 134 4,080 32, 145 Capt. George S. Benton, 5th Infantry. Lient. David P. GI-iffithS, 20th Infantry. Lient. Col. Charles Walter, 17th Infantry. DELAWARE. Lient. Ephraim Jordan, 2d Infantry. ILLINOIS. Lieut. Lorenz Spoenemann, 82d Infantry. Lient. Conrad Schonder, 82d Infantry. 18 Page 186 N. VA, W. VA., MD, AND PA. [ChAP. XX.. XLII. INDIANA. Capt. John A. Cassidy, 27th Infantry. Licut. Isaac Van Buskirk, 27th Infantry. Lieut. Solomon S. Ilamrick, 27th Infantry. MAINE. Lient. Col. George F. Leppien, 1st Light Lient. Denola Witham, 3d infantry. Artillery. Lient. Sheridan F. Miller, 4th Inf~ntry. Lient. Warren Cox, 3d Infantry. Lient. Dudley H. Johnson, 17th Inflintry. MARYLAND. Lient. Edward W. Bakeman, 3(1 Infantry. MASSACHUSETTS. Capt. Charles E. Rand, lst Infantry. Lient. Gerald Fitzgerald, 2d Infantry. Lient. John S. Harris, 11th Infantry. Lient. John Mnnn, 11th Infantry. Capt. Alexander J. Dallas, 16th Infantry. I Capt. WilijainG. Hewins, 18th Infantry. MIChIGAN. Capt. Joseph Mason, 3d Infantry. Lient. Col. Edward T. Sherlock, 5th Infantry. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Capt. Moses H. Savage, 12th Infantry. Lient. George S. Cram, 12th Infantry. Capt. Orlando W. Keyes, 12th Infantry. NEW JERSEY. Capt. John Gamble, 5th Infantry. Lient. John H. Moore, 5th Infantry. Lient. George A. Berdan, 7th Infantry. Capt. Thomas Stevenson, 8th Infantry. Lient. Lott Bloornfield, 11th Infantry. Lient. Ed~vard Kelly, 11th Infantry. Lieut. Joseph Pierson, 12th In1~intry. Lient. John Springer, 24th Infantry. NEW YORK. Capt. Bernard Bode, 29th Infantry. Capt. Daniel S. Ellsworth, 86th Infantry. Capt. Francis A. Dessaner, 45th Infantry. Capt. William W. Angle, 86th Infantry. Capt. Louis Bisky, 45th Infantry. Lieut. Francis Bacon, 102d Infantry. Capt. Charles Leonhard, 45th Infantry. Capt. Nathaniel E. Rutter, 107th In- Capt. Frederick Brann, 58th Iiifantry. fantry. Capt. John C. Lynch, 63d Infantry. Col. Elias Peissner, 119th Infantry. Col. William 0. Stevens, 72d Infantry. Lient. John C. Corbett, 123d Infantry. Lient. William C. Brooks, 72d Infantry. Lient. Jacob E. Denton, 124th Infantry. Lient. Charles H. Hydorn, 72d Infantry. Lient. William. H. Poole, 145th Infantry. Lient. harrison F. Ellis, 72d Infantry. Lient. Benjamin F. Breed, 149th Infantry. Lient. Thomas Dennen, 73d Infantry. Lient. .Joscph A. Davis, 149th Infantry. Lient. Charles A. Courter, 78th Infantry. Lieut. Samuel C. Noycs, 154th Infantry. Lient. Col. Barna J. Chapin, 86th In- Lient. MajorL. Hunt, 157th Infantry. fantry. OHIO. Lient. Frederick Dorries, Battery L, 1st Col. Robert Heily, 75th Infantry. Light Artillery. Capt. George H. Pnrdy. 82d Infantry. Lient. Frederick Fairfax, 5th Infantry. Lient. James J. Beer, 82d Infantry. Lient. William P. Jackson, 5th Infantry. Lient. Nelson M. Carroll, 82d Infantry. Lient. Alexander Sinclair, 25th Infantry. Snrg. Charles A. Hartmanu, 107th In- Capt. Franklin J. Santer, 55th Infantry. fantry. 1s( Page 187 CHAP. XXXVII. I THE CIIANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. PENNSYLVANIA. Ma]. Peter Keenan, 8th Cavalry. Capt. Charles Arrowsrnith, 8th Cavalr~. Lient. John H. Haddock, 8th Cavalry. Capt. Robert B. hampton, Battery F, Light Artillery. Maj. U usford F. Chapman, 28th Infantry. Lient. William C. Shields, 28th Infantry. Ma]. Cyrus Strous, 46th Infantry. Lient. Obadiali R. Priestly, 46th Infantry. Capt. Edson J. Rice, 57th Infantry. Lient. Joseph Brady, 57th Infantry. Capt. William Sniith, 63d Infantry. Capt. William Thompson, 63d Infantry. Lient. Milo M. Boyle, 63d Infantry. Capt. James Shields, 68th Infantry. Capt. Henry J. Giltinan, 73d Infantry. Capt. Jacob Peterman, 84th Infantry. Col. Amer A. McKnight, 105th Infantry. Capt. Robert Kirk, 105th Infantry. Lient. Charles H. Powers. 105th Infantry. Col. Henry J. Stainrook, 109th Infantry. Col. James Crowther, 110th Infantry. Lient. Casper M. Kingsbnry, 111th In- fantry. Ma]. Joseph S. Chandler, 114th Infantry. Capt. Frank A. Eliot, 114th Infantry. Lieut. George M. Cmillen, 114th Infantry. Ccl. Francis A. Lancaster, 115th Infantry. Capt. John J. Connelly, 115th Infantry. Capt. George Cromley, 115th Infantry. Lient. Jesse S. Stewart, 1~25th Infantry. Lient. Edward C. Bendere, 133d Infantry. Capt. John Brant, 134th Infantry. Lient. Joseph W. McEwen, 140th In- fantry. Capt. Abram J. S wart, 141st Infantry. Capt. James L. Mnmford, 141st Infantry. Lieut. Logan 0. Tyler, 141st Infantry. Lient. James R. Smith, 147th Infantry. Lient.William H Hnghes, 147th Infantry. Lient. Thomas J. Learning, 147th In- fantry. Lient. William H. Bible, 148th Infantry. Lient. Francis Stevenson, 148th Infantry. WEST VIRGINIA. Capt. Francis M. Roberts, 7th Infantry. WISCONSIN. Lient. Col. John XV. Scott. 3d Infantry. Capt. Charles Pizzala, 26th Infantry. Lient. Abner Wood, 3d Infantry. U. S. REGULARS. Lient. Justin E. Dimick, 1st Artillery. Capt. Salem S. Marsh, 2d Infantry. Lient. Franklin B. Crosby, 4th Artillery. Capt. William J. Temple, 17th Infantry. U. S. VOLUNTEERS. Ma]. Gen. Hiram G. Berry. Lient. Byron Brewer, 1st Sharpshooters. OFFICERS MORTALLY WOUNDED. CoNNECTICUT. Capt. Isaac R. Bronson, 14th Infantry. ILLINOIS. Lien t. Fcr(li nand I3abst, 82(1 Infantry. lNI)IANA. Lient. Charles Gibson, 14th Infantry. Lient. Julian F. Hoffer, 27th Infantry. MARYLAND. Lient. John R. Clennn ,3d Infantry. MASSACHUSETTS. I~ient. Hiram Rowe, 16th Infantry. I Lient. Samnel G. Savage, 16th Infantry. NEW JERSEY. Lient. John Tloweth, 6th Infantry. Capt. Alphens XVitherell, 7th Infantry. Lient. George G. Whitfield, 13th Infantry. 18 Page 188 1~8 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. NEW YORK. Licut. William ODonohue, 14th Battery Capt. Harman J. Bliss, 72d Infantry. (attached to Battery C, 4th U. S; Capt. Byrdn P. Thrasher, 108th Infantry. Artillery). Capt. Henry R. Schwerin, 119th Infantry. Capt. Herman Caesar, 52d Infantry. Lieut. Col. Franklin Norton, 123d In- Maj. Robert Rother, 68th Infantry. fantry. Lient. AJelbert Hoya, 68th Infantry. Lient. Henry Gowdy. 124th Infantry. OHIO. Lient. William A. Whitcraft, 25th In- Lient. Thomas J. Abrell, 82d Infantry. fantry. Lient. John Winkler, 107th Infantry. Capt. Horace Robinson, 55th Infantry. PENNSYLVANIA. Lient. Col. William S. Kirkwood, 63d In- Capt. .Jacob Leibfried, 73d Infantry. fantry. Capt. Theodore H. Parsons, 91st Infantry. Lient. William M. McGranahan, 63d In- Lient. George Black, 91st Infantry. t~sntry. Lieiit. Charles W. Norris, 109th Infantry. Lient. William W. Weeks, 63d Infantry. Lient. James Malloy, 115th Infi~ntry. Capt. John D. Pawling, 68th Infantry. Maj. John W. Patton, 145th Infhntry. WISCONSIN. Capt. Augast Schueler, 26th Infantry. Capt. Charles W. Nenkirch, 26th Infantry. Lient. Edmund Kirby, 1st Artillery. U. S. VOLUNTEERS. Maj. Gen. Ainiel W. Whipple. U. S. REGULARS. Lient. Charles J. Weld, 17th Infantry. Capt. Dndley P. Chase, 2d Sharpshooters. FREDERICKSBURG (OR MARVES HEIGHTS), ANT) SALEM HEIGHTS (OR SALEM CHURCH), AND NEAR BANKS FORD, VA., MAY 3-4. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. a a a Command. Cs a a a ~ a uc .~ ~- -- a ~ a ~ a ,, ~ .~ ~ 0 R~ ~ 0 ~ SECOND ARMY CORPS. SECOND DiVISION. Brig. Geu. JOHN Giunox. First Brigade. (1) Brig. Gen. ALFRED SuLs.Y. (2) Col. HENRY W. HUDSON. (3) Col. BYRON LAFLIN. 15th Massachusetts lit Minnesota. - - - 34th Now York... 82d New York (2d Militia) Total First Brigade . Third Brigade. Col. NORMAN J. HALL. 19th Massachusetts 20th Massachusetts . 7th Michiaan 42d New York 59th New York 127th PeunsylYania Total Third Brigade 1 1 9 2 is 9. 9 2 2 12 1 17 . 7 7 9. 9 1 0 7 15 2 $ 10 C 0...... bI 1 3 4 2 9 3 6 2 Page 189 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. FREDERLCKSB1JRG, ETC., MAY 3-4Continued. Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Command. c.~ a a 3 a . a a a a a a ~ a a ~ a a -. a -. a t~. .~ ~ as a~ a CE Artillery. 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery G Total Second DiVision SIXTH ARMY CORPS. Ma:j. Gen. JOHN SEDGWICK. Staff FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM T. H. BROOKS. Staff Provost Guard. 4th New Jersey, Companies A, C, and H.... First Brigade. (1) Col. HENRY W. BROWN.* (2) Col. WILLIAM H. PENROSE. (3) Col. SAMUEl. L. BUCK.* (4) Col. WILLIAM H. PENROSE. 1st New Jersey 2d New Jersey 3d New Jersey 15th New Jersey 23d New Jersey . . . Total First Brigade Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOSEPH J. BARTLETT. 5th Maine - 16th New York 27th New York 321st New York 96th Pennsylvania. Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. DAVID A. RUSSELL. 18th New York 32d New York 49th Pennsylvania... 95th Pennsylvania. 119th Pennsylvania Total Third Brigade Artillery. Maj. JOHN A. TOMPKINS. Massachusetts Light, 1st Battery (A) New Jersey Light, 1st Battery (A) Maryland Light, Battery X ~d United States, Battery ID Total Artillery. Total Fitst Division Wouudod. 1 4 2 16 1 7 8 82 23 12 110 2 1 1 . 1 1 11 I 1 6 4 67 27 105 1 3 4 :12 9 49 1 10 3 66 1 14 91 2 22 2 124 4 154 3 17 6 51 31 108 8 58 19 340 1 85 511 1 JO 8 50 27 96 23 4 66 2 47 142 3 1 12 3 19 3 45 3 170 2 13 276 1 15 2 52 9 79 5 96 18 350 4 139 612 1 33 34 1 2 40 43 1 5 6 5 18 8 102 20 153 1 9 3 71 38 122 6 28 11 177 136 358 1 1 2 1. 1 3 3 1 1 2 5 7 19 184 50 872 5 360 1,490 18 Page 190 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. FREDERICKSBURG, ETC., MAY 3-4Continued Command. SECONI) DIVISION. Brig. Gen. ALBION P. RowE. Second Brigede. Ccl. LEwis A. GRANT. 26th New Jersey 2d Vermont 3d Vermont 4th Vermont 5th Vermont 6th Vermont Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. THOMAS H. NEILL. 7th Maine 21st New Jersey 20th New York 33d New York 49th New York 77th New York Killed. 0 I a a 7 17 3 4 3 4 Wounded. S 0 2 2 1 3 a a 66 110 20 25 1(1 51 Captured or missing. .5 0 51 22 9 15 1 38 13 282 ...... 97 1 1 Total Third Brigade...... 2 Artillery. 5th United States, Battery F ... . - Total Artillery - Total Second Division . . .. 3 THIRD DIVISION. Maj. Gee. JOHN NEWTON. First Brigade. Col. ALEXANDER SHALER. 65th New York 67th New York 122d New York 23d Pennsylvania 82d Pennsylvania Total First Brigade Second Brigade. (1) Col. WILLIAM H. BiIOwNE.* (2) Col. HENRY L. EusTIs. 7th Massachusetts. .. . . 10th Massachusetts.... 37th Massachusetts 36th New York 2d Rhode Island Total Second Brigade Third Brigade. Brig. Gao. FRANK WHEATON. 62d New York Old Pennsylvania 98th Pennsylvania 102d Peniisylvania 139th Pennsylvania Total Third Brigade 11 9 6 17 1 6 50 88 2 4 2 6 6 5 1 1 21 34 1 1 1 5 47 55 86 125 15 45 373 8 8 663 12 15 6 17 28 4 1 5 5 31 141 106 73 18 30 399 1 1 497 3 11 40 13 a 01 01 01 124 132 25 53 23 74 431 92 211 208 221 35 83 850 9 9 1, 290 17 29 7 61 46 7 8 78 67 160 2 1 3 2 1 4 20 10 1 1 7 39 10 6 7 11 10 44 9 2 4 2 17 5 2 5 3 16 116 3 55 2 10 5 14 6 66 6 261 22 50 2 53 51 18 16 13 53 4 99 51 11 221j 61 194 Wounded. 150 69 16 26 81 342 120 79 41 169 76 485 19 Page 191 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. FI1EDEI1ICKSBUIIG, ETC., MAY 3-4Continued. Command. Artillery. Capt. JEIIEMIAII MCCARThY. 1st Pennsylvania Light, Batteries C and D 2d United States, Battery G- Total Artillery Total Third Division LIGHT DIVISION. Col. HIRAM BURNHAM. 6th Maine.. 31st New York 43d New York 61st Pennsylvania 5th Wisconsin ~ew York Light Artillery, 3d Battery Total Light Division Total Sixth Army Corps Killed. I 0 Wounded. 0 S 0 1 1 3. 1 1 3 7 91 42 563 6 4 1 3 1 3 19, 11 12 7 32 12 8[ 41 444 4 107 2 42 2 51 5 59 9 113 1 22 373 149 2, 471 6 7 1 14 31 RECAPITULATION. Second Division, Second Army Corps 1 7 8 82 12 110 Sixth Army Corps 41 444 149 2, 471 31 1, 434 4, 590 Grand total ... 42 451 157 2,553 31 1,466 4,700 I ~ I OFFICERS KILLED. MAINE. Lient. Cyrus W. Braun, 5th Infantry. Maj. Joel A. Haycock, 6th Infantry. Capt. Sewell C. Gray, 6th Infantry. Capt. John H. Ballinger, 6th Infantry. Capt. Ralph W. Young, 6th Infantry. Lient. Joseph G. Butler, 7th Infan try. MASSACHUSETTS. Capt. Preatiss M. Whiting, 7th Infantry. I Lieut. Albert A. Tilison, 7th Infantry. NEW JERSEY. Col. Mark W. ColIct, 1st Infantry. Capt. William Bergen, 24 Infantry. Capt. Archibald S. Taylor, 34 Infantry. Capt. Ira J. Lindsley, 15th Infantry. Lient. John Fowler, 15th Infantry. Lieut. Charles Sibley, 23a Infantry. Lient. James S. Bndd, 234 Infantry. Lient. Sidney H. MeCarter, 234 Infantry. NEW YORK. Lieut. John Jewsbnry, 31st Infantry. Capt. Luther M. Wheeler, 77th Infantry. Maj. Eliha J. Faxon, 36th Infantry. Capt. Nelson 0. Wendell, 121st Infantry. Capt. hugh B. Knickerbocker, 434 In- Limit. Ulysses F. Doubleday, 121st In- fantry. fantry. Capt. Douglas Lodge, 434 Infantry. Lient. Frederick E. Ford, 121st Infantry. Lieut. George 11. Koons, 434 Infantry. PENNSYLVANIA. Col. Georgo C. Spear, 61st Infantry. Lient. Washington Brix, 934 Infantry. Lient. William I). Boltz, 934 Infantry. Col. Gustavus W. Town, 95th Infantry. Lieut. Col. Elisha Hall, 95th Infantry. capt, T. D. G. Chapman, 95th Infantry. Lient. Eugene D. Dtinton, 95th Infantry. Lient. David hailer, 95th Infantry. Lient. Alexander Allison, 96th Infantry. Capt. John Large, 1024 Infantry. Capt. Peter W. Rodgers, 119th Infantry. Lient. ,James T. Harbison, 139th Infantry~ 191 Cai ~l1~((~ or missing. 4 14 9 14 18 3(11 23 1, 010 35 169 81 143 129 204 16 18 35 193 I 296 798 1,454 4,59 Page 192 192 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. RIIOI)E ISLAND. Lient. Benjamin E. Kelley, Battei y G, 1st Light Artillery. VERM%?)NT. Capt. Luther Ainsworth, 6th Infantry. WISCONSIN. Capt. Louis G. Strong, 5th Infantry. Licut. Aipheus H. Robinson, 5th In- Capt. Jeremiah J. Turner, 5th Infantry. fantry. OFFICERS MORTALLY WOUNDED. MAINE. Lieut. Smith (4. Bailey, oth Infantry. Capt. Thomas P. Roach, 6th Infantry. NEW JERSEY. Col. Gilliana Van Houten, 21st Infantry. NEW YORK.. Lient. Charles D. Rossiter, 33d Infantry. Capt. Thomas S. Arnold, 121st Infantry. PENNSYLVANIA. Lient. George F. Harper, 61st Infantry. Lieut. Jacob B. Knisley, 127th Infantry. Capt. John H. Delap, 82d Infantry. Capt. John C. Dempsey, 139th Infantry. Lient. George Busch, 98th Infantry. RIIODE ISLAND. Lient. Clark E. Bates, 24 Infantry. VERMONT. Lient. Francis A. Gleason, 24 Infantry. WISCONSIN. Lient. John McMurtry, 5th Infantry. General semm~ry of Casualties in the Union forces during the Chancalorsvilte (Va.) cam paign, April 07 May 11, 1S63. [Compiled from nominal lists of casualties returns, & c.] Killed. Wounded. Captured or missing. Locality, a a a 8 8 8 .~ a a a a ~m K -a a -a -~ a a a a ~ a I a ~ 8 ~ 8 ~ 0 g~ 0 ~ 0 ~ -~ Germanna Foid, April 29 1 3 5 Franklins Crossing, April 29May 2 2 2 16 20 Fitzhughs Crossing, Api-il 29May 2 4 15 9 135 1 8 172 Stoneuans Raid, April 29May 11 4 1 6 4 135 , 150 Near 01(1 Wilderness Tavern, April 30 1 1 2 Chaneelloraville, April 30 -J 3 Near Spotsylvania Court-House, April 30 1 2 2 10 1 35 51 Ilapidan Station, May 1 1 3 Ii 1 23 39 Chancellorsville, May 16 118 964 489 6, 360 134 4, 0S() 12, 145 Fredericksburg, or Marycs, and Salem Heights, & c., May34 42 451 157 2,553 31 1,466 4,700 GrandtotaL.. 165 3,4-11 664 9,09S 172 5,747 17,28 Page 193 Qua,. mud THE CHANCELLOEBYILLE CAMPAIGN. 198 N& 5. Report of Brig. Gets. Gowensew K. Wanes, U. S. Ar.q, Chic! of Top. r.wIMui Bsgiwseere. BADQuANnES AnY or ~rn PoToMAC, Ragiseer Qjloe, May 12, 1863. GruHAL: I present the following report of the operations connected with the battle of (Jhancellorsville as they came within my knowledge ad observation: Accompanying is a map, ona scale of 2 inches to the mile, embrac- lug nearly all the field operated upon by our flops, exclusive of the cavalry, from the time they began to leave their winter bivouac, on April 27, until their return, on May 6. The region not included in this map lies between Hartwood Church and Kellys Mills, and contains a portion of the routes marched over by the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Corps to turn the enemys left flank by way of Kellys Mills, on the Rap- pahannock ad liermanna ad Elys Fords, onthe Bapidan. Accompanying It also is mother map,t on a scale of 1 inchto the mile, containing all our known topography in the entire regionfrom the Potomac to the James River, ad from the Blue Ridge to tho Chess- peaks, a region whose characteristic Is a dense forest of oak or pine, with occasional clearings, rarely extensive enough to prevent the rifle- men concealed in one border from shooting across to the orhet side; a forest which, with but few exceptions, required the axmen to precede the artillery from the slashings in frontof the fortifications of Washing- ton to those of Richmond. 110 pains have been spared to make the for-.. est topography on this map as complete as possible. It will beof great assistance in ibture operations, ad it will aid those seeking to under- stand why the numerous bloody battles fought between the armies of the Union and of the Secessionists should have been so indecisive. A proper understanding of the country, too, will help to relieve the Ameri- cans from the charge so frequently made at home and abroad of want of generalship in handling troops in battlebattles that had to be fought out hand to hand in forests, where artillery and cavalry could play no part; where the troops could not be seen by those controlling their movements; where the echoes ~nd reverberations of sound from tree to tree were enough to appall the strongest hearts engaged, and yet the noise would often scarcely be heard beyond the Immediate scene of strife. Thus the generals ot either side, shut ouli from sight or from hearing, had to trust to the unyielding bravery of their men till couriers from the different parts of the field, often extending for miles, brought word which way the conflict was resulting before sending the needed support We should not wonder that such battles often terminated from the mu- tual exhaustion of both contending forces, but rather that in all these struggles of Americans against Americans no panic on either side ye victory to the other like that which the French, under Moreau, gained over the Austrians in the Black Forest Is order to do Justice to the sources from which this topographical information was obtained, I will statathat, up to the time this campaign ended, theengineeringdepartmentoftheAribyof thePotomachadbeen divided into three parts. The Topographical Engineers formed a dii- tinct branch of the staff attached to headqusrters. The Engineers ad regular Engineer Battalion formed another, also attached to the staff ToappeauinAtla. . tNotfound. 13 3 R~OL flY, PT Page 194 194 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Qua. XflYH. at headquarters. The third part was the Engineer Brigade, a volunteer organization, originally about 2,500 strong, under the command of a regular engineer, holding the rank of brigadier-general of volunteers. During the past session of Congress a law had passed consolidating the Corps of Engineers and Topographical Engineers. No order, how- ever, was published uniting the two offices at these headquarters till.. our return from Chancellorsyille, so that my report Is not designed to embrace tbe operations of the officer in charge of the Engineer Brigade, General Benham, nor thoseof Captaiu Comstock, of the Engineers. The Engineer Brigade, under its previous commander, General Woodbury, made a great deal of accurate topographical reconnaissance along the Bappabannockfliverfrom BUnkers Neck to the Bapidan par. ticularly of that part aboveFrederlcksburg and in the triangle of which that city, Hartwood Church, and the mouth of the Bapidan formed the vertices. A very considerable portion of the reconnaissance between Falinouth, Hartwcod Church, Stafford Court-House, Aquia Landing, and King George Court-House was made under my predecessor in the Topographical Department, First Lieut Nicolas Bowen, Topographical Engineers (now Lieutenant-Colonel Bowen, assistant a4jutant-general) Very extensive reconnaissances had been made in the campaign under General Pope by Capt W. H. Paine, aide-Je-camp, and published under direction of Co onel Macomb, chief topographical engineer to General Pope, which extended from Manassas south to Bapidan Station. The surveys about the defenses of Washington, underMajorWhipple, topographical engineer (the late Ibjor-General Whipple), form the northern limit of the map, and those on the operations on the Peninsula, by General Humpbreys and Captain (now Colonel) Abbot, the southern limit. The coast surveys of the York and Bappahannock Bivers and reconnaissances of the Potomac River form the barn of the map. I was placed in charge of the Topographical Engineers on February 2,188t All the other Topographical Engineers were then relieved, and Capt W. H. Paine and Lieutenant [Lebbeus H.] Mitchell were assigned to assist me, as well as several very competent non-commissioned oil- cars and privates and a large force of civil assistants. Captain Paine. especially aided me with much knowledge of the country, past expe- rience and zeal. With this force, every part of the country afterward occupied by our troops was mapped. Much information, too, was gained from negroes and deserters, and in a few cases by captures of maps fromtheenemy. Allthisisembodiedinthemap,toascaleoflmile per inch. In order to make my repoit more easily understood and interesting, I will mention in brief some of the more general operations, of which mine were but a part, and give also a sketch of the situation. At the time the operations resulting in the battle of Chancefloreville and those attending it began, the enemy occupied in strong force the heights south of the Bappahannock River, from Skinkers Neck to Banks Ford, having continuous lines of infantry parapets throughout (a distance of about 20 miles) his troops being so disposed as to be readily concen- trated on any tbreatened point Interspersed along these lines of in- trenchuaentswerebatteryepaulementsadvarnageouslylocatedfor sweep- ing the hill slopes and bottom lands, on which our troops would have to march to the assault, and which effectually protected the enemys artil-. lery from our own. Abatis, formed of fallen timber, and impassable swamps in places, still further strengthened his lines aid reduced the number of assailable points. The crests of the main hills, where the enemy had prepared to receive us, were from three-quarters to lj miles Page 195 CHAP. XXXYII] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 195 from the margin of the river, but this margin was strongly guarded by men sheltered behind rifle-pits, which guard and its cover were made quite formidable at every available crossing-place. In fact, every little rise of ground that could shelter the enemy and enable him to check our advance was intrenched and prepared for us. To gain the immediate banks opposite the center of the enemy~s line, however, was l)racticable in several places where the high ground on our si(le approached the river and enabled our artillery to command it; but the prospect of their gaining a footing on the heights, exposed as our troops would be for long distances to concentrated artillery fire, and finally to meet fresh infantry behind parapets fully prel)ared, seemed hopeless. Previous experience in attempting it under General Burn- side, when the enemys preparations were far less complete, had made this a conviction in the mind of every private in the ranks. To turn the enemys right flank, and cross the river so as to gain the heights below his intrenchments, required a secret move of pontoon-trains and artillery for more than 20 miles, over a broken and wooded country, with clayey soils, which, in the condition of the roads at that time, was im possible. The difficulty of constructing practicable roads toward King George Court-House was great. The side streams running into the Itappahan- nock and those running into the Potomac interlaced each other at their sources, so as to quite destroy the continuity of the main dividing ridge, and on every road presented transverse ravines with steep hills and oozing springs, which our wheels soon mixed with the clay, and turned literally to streams of mud. So greatly was the country in this section cut up by ravines that it seemed as if the former geological influences that shaped the course of these streams well-nigh made the IRappahan- nock join the Potomac at this the narrowest part of the northern neck which separates them. General Lees spy system was so perfect that the move could not have been kept from him, and it is not saying too much that he could have extended his intrenchmeuts down the river as fast as we could have built practicable roads. Add to this the rapidly increasing width of the river, which our pontoons could not span, and which required 1,000 feet of bridging at the first available point below Skinkems Neck, and the impracticability of this flank movement is obvious. On the enemys left, even the crossing of the river was a matter of the greatest difficulty. Above Becks Island, about 24~ miles above Fredericksburg, the high bluffs on each side close in upon the river, having a height above it of perhaps 150 feet, with slopes generally well wooded, very steep, and deeply cut by side ravines. Favorable conditions of approach to the river from either side first present themselves about 6 miles by the road we had to take above Fredericksburg, at a place called Banks Ford, not then fordable. Here, too, a foothold on the opposite hills gave a command of all the enemy~s line. A l)lace of such imnportance was guarded by the enemy with the utmost care. His earth parapets, placed so as to sweep with musketry every crossing-place and practicable slope, were in three lines from the waters edge to the summit of the slope, and traversed so as to quite protect the defenders from our artillery fire. It might seem that these successive lines would be of little use after the first one was carried, as those who fled from the first would mask the fire of the other, so that pursued and pursuers might enter together. The tactics of the rebels, however, provided for this; the first lines gen- erally surrendered when overpowered in stead of running, and thus no coizifusion is produced in the succeeding lines. At Banks Ford, more Page 196 196 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYIL over, two of these lines were so close to each other that both could ill l)laces bring their fire upon a party crossing the river, the rising slope permitting the rear line to shoot over that in front. The obstacles here were so great to our forcing a passage that the enemy forbore to plant a redoubt on the summit of the hill, thus, as it were, inviting us to try it. A large force constantly near the l)lace reiidered a surprise irnpos- sible, and, in addition, the bend in the river was such that though Fred- ericksburg was but 3 miles distant over a good plank road for the enemy, it was 6 miles for ns throngh a forest. The next point on the enemys left which offered a practicable ap- proach to the stream was at the United States Miuc Ford, not then fordable, about 7 miles by the road above Banks Ford. The interme- diate space along the river was so (lifficult in its approaches to the water on either side that any work of ours to make them l)racticable would have given time to the enemy to fortify the opposite side, so as to render the attempt abortive. Nt the approaches to the United States Mine Ford, too, the enemy had created long lines of infantry parapets, with battery eJ)aulelnents, and an aml)le force was encamped near to occupy titeni. The junction of the iRapidan occurring just above the United States Mine Ford, involved the ~)assage of that stream, also, iii any atteniot to turn the enemys left by going farther up the river. The passage of two streams, not fordable, and having a width of 200 to 300 feet, at such a long distance from our base by a flank movement, with heavy l)ontooll and artillery trains, in the presence of an enemy who was also supposed to be supplied with pontoons by which he could cross in our rear, over roads almost impassable aiid through interminable forests, seemed so unlikely that the enemy gave himself no concern about it nor adopte(l any contingent l)recautions against such an attempt. Indeed lie was at the time rebuilding the Germauna bridge, where a portion of oar troops crossed. Stafford County, in which the Union Army was located, is noted for its poverty. A lack of fertility in the soil has discouraged enterprise, and the country is wanting in public improvements such as are usually to be found in more prosperous communities. Dense woods and thickets of black-jack oak and pine cover most of the ground. The general character of the country is that of a wilderness, and it forms l)art of that distinguishing belt of country which continues through Orange and Spotsylvania Counties and southwesterly in a general direction parallel with the Blue liidge. It forms, where it crosses the ilappahan- nock, a high ridge, composed in part of quartz rocks, in which the gold mines are located. The soil, however, in the mass is clayey, with occa- sional thin strata of gravel. In wet, wintry weather there was no practicable roadway for our heavy trains except what had been l)rC- pared by ourselves with a pavement of logs. Language fails to (le- scribe the weary, struggling marches of our trains, prolonged in many instances all through the night, and the picture of helplessness they presented on such marches as that of January 22. Orange and the western part of Spotsylvania County, on the south side of the Rappahannock, in which Chancellorsville (a single large house at that time, now in ruins) is situated, is much of the character of Stafford, just described. There are two excellent roads leading from Fredericksburg to Chancellorsville, one mac~tdamized and the other planked. These were routes open to General Lee. The term Wilder- ness is localized in common i)arlance for a I)ortion of this country, and no one cau conceive a more unfavorable field for the movements of Page 197 CHAP. ~NXVTh~ ~ CIIANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 197 grand. army than it I)resents between these roa(1s and the river. Be- tween (2 liancel lorsville and Fredericksburg tlI e coun try b~coines more open and clear as you approach the latter place. and for several miles along the Plank road the country is clear and even-surfaced, and afford- ing a fine field for the nse of all arms. I have thus described in somewhat of a general way the field of op- erations. In this, though I have been at some length, I feel I have not allowed more than the importance of the subject demands, in order to aid in comprehending the campaign. The plan which the commanding general formed was kept a profound secret until its t~uccessful initiative disclosed it to friend and foe. Three corps, the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth, were put in motion on April 27 to pass around the enemys left flank, crossing the Rappahan- nock at Kellys Mills, a distance of 30 miles from Fredericksburg, thence to cross the iRapidan by Germanna and Elys Fords. The Rappahannock was successfully crossed by the morning of the 28th on a canvas pontoon bridge, laid by Captain Comstock, engineer,. with but slight opposition from a small observing force. The Rapidan proved barely fordable, and was crossed by tfme morning of the 30th. To divert the enemys attention from the main movement,-the passage of the Rappahannock was forced by the Sixth Corps, opposite our left, at the l)lace known as Franklins Crossing, on the night of April 28. Two pontcon l)ridges, about 300 feet each in length, were constructed here, under General Benham, and the troops crossed in force during the day. Up to this time I had remained at headquarters. At 5 p. in. on the 29th, 1 set out, as directed, for the United States Mine Ford, to assist Major Spaulding, of the Engineer Brigade, if nec- essary, in throwing the pontoon bridge across at that place. About the same time it began to rain, and so continued through most of the night. I found the bridge train on the road between Banks Ford and the United States Mine Ford. The road was a crooked one, through forests, and very muddy, and the night was very dark. Great difficulty attended the movement of the train, which did not reach its (lestination till about 8 a. in. on the 30th, though everybody worked with energy all throngh the night, with extra teams furnished by Colonel Ingalls, quartermaster, and General Couch, from their trains. On the morning of the 30th, I reconnoitered the approaches to the crossing-place, and found that to make aimy one of them practicable was a difficult undertaking. General Couch (letailed 500 men under in y direction, and this force went to work in earnest, working right do~vn to the bank of the river. The mist of the morning so obscured the view that we could not ascertain whether the enemy, who had occupied the opposite bank on the preceding night, had withdrawn or not; but our freedom from molestation encouraged the idea that he had, and about 9 a. in. the appearance of some cavalrymen from General Meades column showed us that he had, and that the grand flanking movement had succeeded. The work on the road was pushed with all possible dispatch, the men working with the greatest spirit, and by 1 p. in. was made practicable for artillery and poimtoou wagons. By 3 p. in. the bridge was laid and the Second Corps was crossing the river. The road up the opposite bank was soon completed, and great was the enthusiasm of the men as they found we had turned these for- midable intrenchments without losing a man, and gained the advantage of meeting the enemy in an open field. The force assembled at and near Chancellorsville, on the night of the 30th, consisted of the Second, Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Corps, with General Hooker there in per- son in command Page 198 198 N. VA., w. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. Oui the morning of May 1, 1 went out 3 miles on the turnpike to Frede#icksburg to reconnoiter. As far as I went, 1 found the road good and broad. The country along the road for the first mile is wooded ou both sides, and was generally so to the left of it (except some cleared fields) nearly to the river. The inhabitants reported the roads and com- munications tQ be indirect and in bad condition between the road and river. To the right of the road it was rather more open, and in places the clearing extended across from the road to the Plank road. These two roads, diverging at Chancellorsyille, were separated in the widest place J)erhaps a mile, but, gradually converging, were said to meet again in about 6 miles. The small streams crossed the turnpike and ran to the Itappahannock, the ridges being nearly perpendicular to the road. The Plank road keeps along the sources of these little streams, and follows the ridge between the waters that flow to the Rappanannock and the sources of the Mattapony River. I found the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry i)icketing the road for 3 miles and to within sight of the ene- mys breastwork thrown across the road, which was as far as I could go. Tl]e clearing in front of the Chancellorsville house to the south- ward did not exten(1 more than 200 yards, but it widened as you went westward toward Culpeper ft~r about half a mile, where a good position was to be found at a place called Fairview. Just beyond this a small stream, one of the sources of the Ny River, crossed the Plank road, and here the woods were standing on both sides of the road, and the west- erly bank of the stream commanded all the open plain about Chancel- lorsville. Woods and clearings alternate with each other farther on to our right. On my return to headquarters, about 10 a. in., I found that an ad- vance had been ordered. The First and Third Divisions of the Fifth Corps were to take the road along the river toward Banks Ford; the Second Division of the Fifth Corps, the turnpike, to be followed by a portion of the Second Corps, and the Twelfth Corps to move out on the Plank road toward Fredericksburg. This was a movement to take up a line of battle about 2~ miles in front, i)reparatory to a simultaneous advance along the line at 2 p. m. I went back over the route I had examined, which was that given to the Second Division of the Fifth Corps, nuder General Sykes. On gaining the ridge, about 1~ miles from Chancellorsville, we found the enemy advancing and driving back our cavalry. This small force resisted handsomely, riding up and firing almost in the faces of the Eleventh Virginia Infantry, which formed the enemys advance. General Sykes moved forward at double-quick time, attacked the enemy vigorously, and drove him back with loss till he had gained the position assigned him. This he obtained about 12 oclock. No sound yet reached us indicating that any of our column had encountered the advance of the enemy. In Genera] Sykes front the enemy deployed to the right and left, in line far outreaching the whole of ours, and I have never seen the stead- iness of our troops more tried and proved. Captain Weed brought his battery into the front line on the ridge where it could operate against the enemy, and was able to reply to him within musket-range, and used his guns with great elkct. When the division had all been deployed to extend the line of battle~ the lack of numbers compelled a regiment to be deployed as skirmishers. No connection, however, could even thus be made with our own troops on the right, and my aide, Lieutenant James, in attempting to communicate with the presumed position of General Slocum, ran against the enemys skirmishers, from which he fortunately escaped, though many shots were fired after him. A sim Page 199 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE~ CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 199 lar effort by one of General Sykes aides was foiled in the same way. General sykes bravely resolved to hold the position assigned him, which his command had so gallantly won from the enemy, and I set out with all possible speed to report the condition to the commanding general. From information received since the advance began, the general de- cided to countermand it, and receive the enemy in the line occupied the night before. Unfortunately, this line had been taken up the day before by tired troops toward the close of the day and without much prospect of fighting a pitched battle upon it. It was a bad line, and had several commanding positions in its front for the enemy to occupy. It was, perhaps, the best that could be designated for such a sudden change of programme in the face of an enemy. I carried to General Sykes the order to fall back, and he then withdrew his command in perfect order, bringing off his wounded, with the exception of a few who were cut off in the extreme right of his extended skirmish line. All the other col- umns withdrew to the vicinity of Chancellorsville without having en- gaged the enemy. The enemy advanced cautiously till he came upon our new lines, and made some feeble demonstrations, easily repulsed, and the day closed without any real trial of strength. During the evening the Third Corps joined us at Chancellorsville. Two general plans of operations were now considered. One was to choose a position and intrench; the other, to choose our point of attack, and advance with our whole force of five corps upon it. The saving of our men and the advantages of resuming the offensive after a suc- cessful repulse favored the one; the increased elan of our men and the choice of our point of attack the other. I was in favor of advancing, and urged it with more zeal than convincing argument. I thought, with our position and numbers, to beat the enemys right wing. This could be done by advancing in force on the two main roads toward Freder- icksburg, each being in good supporting distance at the same time throwing a heavy force on the enemys right flank by the river road. if this attack found the enemy in extended line across our front, or in motion toward our right hank, it would have secured the defeat of his right wing, and consequently the retreat of the whole. The advantage of the initiative in a wooded country like this, obscuring all movements, was incalculable, and so far we had improved them. The generals original determination to await the attack had in it also the design to contract our line and throw back the right to a better position our left being secure. On the assurance of the commander on the right that they were abundantly able to hold their position against any force the nature of the ground in their front would enable the enemy to bring against them, and because they thought to fall back would have some of the demoralizing influences of a retreat, it was decided to make no changes in the abatis. [right wing], but to strengthen it with breastwork and The sound of the ax broke the stillness of the night along the lines of both armies. The I)OsitiOn thus determined is marked with a dotted line (A) on the map, and was about miles long. On the morning of Saturday, May 2, the enemy. from the heights on our left, opened fire with his guns on our wagons in the open field near Chancellorsville, but without munch effect. He also made his appear- ance on the Plank road, and our fire wounded a few men, who reported they had missed the road and that they were marching toward our right. During the forenoon the enemy made several feints of attacks by Page 200 200 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVTh sudden rush upon our lines, seizing our advanced skirmishers, drawing our fire, and getting the location of our line and its strength. These operations were rel)eated at intervals, gradually extending to our right. Later in the day the enemy became visible from our line to the right of Fairview, moving off still to our right. General Sickles, with two of his divisions of the Third Corps, was sent out to make a demonstration against this body, and he succeeded in capturing numerous prisoners, cut oft from the rear of Jacksons corps. General Pleasonton, with his cavalry and artillery, also moved out in this same direction, following General Sickles, and the effect of this was to place a considerable force of ours between the two wings of the rebel army. I was near this part of the field about 5 p. in., when a heavy firing of musketry began on our right, and I hastened to the spot. The Eleventh Corps infantry, on their left, made no stand at all be- hind its breastworks, but ran away while yet the enemys bullets scarcely reached them, and w bile their own artillery, heroically served, still held the enemy in check. I tried in vain to assist some of the officers in rallying their men, but soon saw it was a waste of precious time. I immediately sent my aide to inform Generals Pleasonton and Sickles of the rout of the Eleventh Corps, which task he promptly executed, and the enemys advance soon began to slacken from the effective fire poured in upon his right flank. I then proceeded to Fairview, where Captain Best, chief of artillery of the Twelfth Corps, had already trained all his available guns to meet the advancing enemy. I placed all the artillery I could find pointing in the same direction, with orders to fire solid shot over the heads of our troops upon the enemy, and left the whole in charge of Captain Best. To the credit of the artillery of the Eleventh Corps that came off the field, it went into battle on this line with the greatest alacrity. Before this was completed, General Berrys division, unaffected by the fleeing crowds around it, moved up in the most perfect order, and held the crest, which I have before mentioned as commanding the field between Fairview and Chancellorsville. General William Hays. with a brigade of the Second Corps, took up the line on the right of General Berry. With this combination, General Jacksons assault was stayed and he himself mortally wounded. This flank move in our very presence which General Lee had decided upon, and the execution of which he had intrusted to General Jackson, was one of great risk under almost any circumstances. On the present occasion it offered more advantages than it generally does. His army found its line of intrenchments on which so much labor had been bestowed, and on the strength of which he had so far relied as to sub- mit to the detailing of a large force under General Longstreet for opera- tions south of James River, most unexpectedly turned and rendered of no value, and he was in the presence of an army greatly outnumbering his. A retreat in good order toward Richmond would seem to be a satisfactory escape from the situation. Advancing, then, promptly, as he had done on the 1st, he was prepared to dispute with us the posses- sion of Banks Ford, which would have brought the two wings of our army together and gained time. Our falling back to Chancellorsville left us with a divided army, and our lying quiet enabled him to accumulate his force on our right flank, where he could make his most threatening assault, and where, in case of a repulse, he would have two main lines of retreat open to him, the left wing over the Plank road to Gordonsville, the other by the direct road south, and both uniting again at our next objective point, Rich- mond. Its conception was well adapted to the situation, and its exec Page 201 CHAI?. XXXVTh1 THE CIJANCELLOI~SVILLE CAMPAIGN. 201 tion by General Jackson was excellent, though the lateness of the day in which his blow was struck gave him but little advantage of the inanen- ver, except so far as it facilitated his safe retirement to Gordonsville. Thus the day closed; Jacksons desperate assanit was foiled; the Eleventh Corps, though routed, was saved from destruction, and the First Corps had just joined to take its place in the line. The position of the Third Corps and our cavalry, on the right flank of Jacksons cavalry, cut off, it seemed, all direct communication with General Lees right. No thought of retreating during the night was entertained on our side, and, unless the enemy did, the next day promised a decisive battle. By our leaving a sufficient force in front of the right wing of the enemy to hold our breastworks, the whole of the rest of our force was to be thrown upon his left at dawn of day, with every prospect of annihilating it. To render the success more complete, General Sedg- wick, with the Sixth Corps (about 20,000 strong), was to leave his posi- tion in front of the enemy~s lines at Fredericksburg and fall upon Gen- eral Lees rear at daybreak. The information obtained from persons we had captured rendered it probable that the guemy had withdrawn all his force, except enough to keep up a mere show at Fredericksburg, for a decisive blow upon our divided army atChancellorsville. Instructions to this effect were sent by telegraph and also by Captain [Yalerian] 1~az- derichin to General Sedgwick to move at once. Knowing much of the road that General Sedgwick would thus have to march over in the night, I advised that I should go and guide the column, and give such informa- tion and assistance as I could, and I was directed to do so. I set out from headquarters with Lieutenant James about 10.30 p. in., and reached General Sedgwick at the crossing of the river at 3 a. m. on May 3. As I passed down, I saw the enemys camp-fires at Banks Ford, and occasional ones along the bluff from Marye~s Hill, southeast- ward to the Massaponax Creek. When I arrived, General Newtons division, which had been given the advance, had begun its movement, and firing was going on among the pickets. The enemy seemed so to inclose our force with his sentinels that it was impossible to move with- out drawing their fire, which slight resistance caused frequent halts to our whole column. At daylight the head of the column of the Sixth Corps had not yet passed out of the city. The small force of the enemy in it had then withdrawn to the hills, and the inhabitants as they awoke were surprised to find our troops in possession. Daylight enabled me to see as I thought, satisfactorily, that there were not more than two field-pieces on Marycs Heights and no infantry in the rifle-pits to our right of it. The stone-wall breastwork at its foot was occupied; by how large a force it was difficult to ascertain, as our skirmish line had been repulsed on approaching it. At this time the Sixth Corps was disposed as follows: General Brooks division along the road, covering the bridge-head and closely watched by the enemy in his front; General Howes division confronting the force on the hill southeast of Hazel Run; General Newtons extended to the right as far as the Telegraph road in Fredericksburg; forming a continuous line of battle of about 2 miles front along the road. General Gibbons division of the Second Corps, about 2,500 strong, began to cross on a pontoon bridge soon after sunrise, and the sound of the renewed conflict began to reach us. In company with General Gibbon, I reconnoitered the ground to the right, to attempt to gain the heights there. Here there are two canals to cross, one near the river, the other near the foot of the hills. On the first, the bridge remained intact and could be crossed at once. I waited on the other side of this wha Page 202 202 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXVIJ. seemed a long time for General Gibbons division to come up, though it moved, I believe, with dispatch, and as soon as the First Brigade ar- rived, Colonel [Norman J.~ Halls (a small one), I galloped to the front to reconnoiter for a point to assault. Our object then became apparent to the enemy, and a single horseman rode out to meet me, while at the same time a gun was limbered up on Maryes Hill and sent at a run to command the nearest bridge over the se~oud canal. Not a man or gun was at that moment there to resist us. I found the plank only taken up from the bridge, and, hurrying back, directed the pioneers to pull boards from the siding of the nearest ho se as rapidly as possible to replace the planks. While this was being (lone, the single gun opened upon us with shrap- nel effectively, and seemed quite to paralyze our men. Soon another gun was added to it, and before we could get ready to cross the bridge a regiment of the enemys infantry filed into the rifle-pits at double- quick time, and the opportunity was lost. General Gibbon had rapidly brought up artillery to reply to the enemy, but only to suffer itself with- out doing any damage in return, as those, on the hill were completely sheltered by epauleinents. General Gibbon also moved his other bri- gade rapidly to the right, to attempt the passage of the second canal by the bridge near Falmouth, but this movement was also anticipated by the enemys infrmntry extending themselves to our right. This move- ment, how ever, had compelled the enemy to distribute his forces along a very extended line, and thus weaken it at all points; but more artil- lery had been placed on Marycs Hill. I returned to General SedgwicX about 8.30 a in., and told him I thought the only thing left for us to do was to carry Marycs Hill by main force as speedily as possible. The plan adopted by General Sedgwick was to assault by two strong col- nmns moving on the Plank road and Telegraph road, and to be followed by a heavy force in line against the stone wall. Great care was taken to conceal these preparations from the enemy. About 11 a. m. the dispositions were coippleted, aild the columns moved out on the roads, taki mig the double-quick step as soon as the enemy~s fire began. His artillery on the heights had no effect, for the pieces could not be sufficiently depressed, and the shells burst in the town, doing no injury to us. These columns suffered severely, however, from the musketry, and the colonels leading the columns both fell; one killed, the other mortally wounded. A portion of the column continued to ad- vance, and the troops in line, now rushing forward in gallant style, drove the enemy from the stone wall, and captured this hill, with the artillery upon it. General Howes division then assaulted the heights southeast of Hazel Run, and took them, with the guns there posted. The enemys line was thus cut in two, those on the left toward Hamil- tons Crossing and those on the right toward Banks Ford. It would have been easy now to have driven all the troops around Hamiltons Sta- tion and the Massaponax away, and destroyed the depot and transpor- tation there. The order, however, required the movement toward Chan- cellorsville, and no disposition was made to accomplish the other object. General Gibbons division remained in Fredericksburg, to prevent any of the enemy crossing to the north side, and the Sixth Corps moved out on the Plank road as soon as the troops, somewhat disorganized by the assaults, could be reformed. General Brooks division was now given the advance, and he was farthest in the rear, not having got moved from the crossing-place. This necessarily consumed a considerable time, and before it was com- pleted the sound of the cannonading at Chancellorsville had ceased Page 203 CHAP. XXXVII.] TIlE CIIANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 203 The country being open, General Brooks division was formed in a cob nmn of brigade flouts, with an extended line of skirmishers on the front and flank in advance, and the artillery on the road. This was, I think, a proper disposition, as it prepared us to fight the eiiemy as soon as we struck him, without waiting to form or losing timeof so much impor- tance as in the present case. General Newtons division came next in order, but it marched in flank along the road, which extended greatly the columns, made it lia- ble to an enfilading fire, and put it out of support, in a measure, of the division in advance. When we reached the summit along the road, about 1 mile from Salem Church, we met a few cavalry skirmishers, and two rifled guns opened with solid shot from a point near the church. The intervening space was quite open on both sides of the road. Half-way a small stream crossed it and ran into the iRappahannock. The heights at Salem Church are inconsiderable, but here the woods imAose the road, and a bend and ravine headed close up to it, running into the Rappa- haunock above Banks Ford, and furnishing a~ short and strong line. These two pieces of artillery, by their fire checked the advance a great deal, and it is probable that they exhausted all their ammunition before retiring. The enemy used no more artillery during the day. General Brooks division finally advanced, and steadily attacked the enemy, fighting bravely, and finally suc~eeded in driving the enemy from his position along the road. The next division not being close at hand to advance at once to General Brooks support, the enemy suc- ceeded in forcing his men back, not, however, till they had made a praiseworthy fight and nsed up most of their ammunition and suffered severe loss. General Newtons division re-enforced and restored the line, but was unable to drive the enemy from this hill and wooded ravine, which sheltered him from our artillery. The day closed with the enemy hold- ing his position. As soon as General Sedgwicks advance had caused the retreat of the troops at Banks Ford, General Benham had thrown a bridge across and communicated with him. By this route and the United States Mine Ford, I returned to headquarters, near C hancellorsville, which I reached at 11 p. m. I found, as the result of the battle at that point, that our line had fallen back from the Chaucellorsville house about a mile. After reporting to the general, and getting his ideas, I telegraphed the following to General Sedgwick at midnight: I find everything snug here. We contracted the line a little, and repulsed the 1st assanit with ease. General Hooker wishes them to attack him to-morrow, if they will. He does not desire you to attack again in force unless he attacks him at the same time. He says you are too far away from him to direct. Look well to thc safety of your corps, and keep up communication with General Benham, at Banks Ford and Fred- ericksburg. You can go to either place, if you think best. To cross at Banks Ford would bring you in supporting distance of the main body, and would be better than falling back to Fredericksburg. This dispatch was written at a time when I was exceedingly ex- hausted. It did not reach General Sedgwick till late in the forenoon of the 4th, 50 I have been told, and was the only instruction he re- ceived. The enemy attacked hini in strong force the next day, and, having resisted them till the evening, he withdrew across the river at Banks Ford. On the 4th, our main army near Chancellorsville remained in its lines, both forces being concealed froiri each other by the thick forest. This line is marked B on the map. On the night of the 4th, it was decided to withdraw the whole army to the north bank of the Rappahannock Page 204 204 N. VA., W. VA .,MD., KNP PA. an(1 I received instructions to prepare next day a new and shorter line in our rear, to secure us against any attempt of the enemy to interrupt the move. On the 5th, Captain Comstock and myself prepared this line, he to the west and I to the east of the road. A continuous cover and abatis were constructed from the iRappahannock at Scotts dam around to the mouth of Hunting itun, or the liapidan, a distance of 3 miles. This line is marked B on the map. The roads were also put in good order and a third bridge laid. A heavy rain set in about 4.30 p. in., and lasted till late at night. The movement to recross was begun by the artillery, as per order, at 7.30 p. in., and was suddenly interrupte(l by a rise in the river so great as to submerge the banks at the end of the bridges on the north bank, and the velocity of the current threatened to sweep them away. Captain Comstock was there to assist in this emergency. The upper bridge was speedily taken up, and used to piece out the emids of the other two, and the I)assage was again made practicable. Con- siderable delays, however, resulted from this cause. I remained behind to see to the completion and occupation o,f the new line. No troops, however, took up position in it except the rear guard, composed of the Fifth Corps, under General Meade, which was done about daylight on the 6th. The pioneers from the different corps were nearly all retained by me till this time, and we soon completed the line across the road, and ob- structed it with timber. I then sent them to their different corps. I cannot speak in too high terms of the energy amid good-will displayed by the pioneer parties and the officers over them, with but few excep- tions. The proper dispositions were made for holding this line till all but the rear guard was past the river, and then it quietly withdrew, no en- emy pursuing. The last of the army recrossed about 8 a. in. General Meade detailed General Barnes and his brigade to assist in taking up the bridges, and all were safely drawn to the top of the hill by 4 p. in., Major [ira] Spaulding, of the Engineer Brigade, sul)erintending. Captain Comstock was not under my orders during these operations, but I am indebted to him for perfect co-operation in all my duties. Captaimi Paine, aide -dc-camp, and Lieutenant Mitchell rendered most essential service in the direction and making of reconnaissances and repairing roads. Their labors carried them much under the fire of the enemy. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. K. WAIRTiEN, Brig. Gen. of Vols., Chief Engineer, Army of the Potomac. Maj. Gen. D. BUTTERFIELD, Chief of & aff. No. 6. Reports of Brig. (en. Henry W. Benham, U. #S~. Army, commanding En gineer Brigade. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Camp near Falmouth, Va., April 29, 1863. Sin: Your attention is called to the following extract from orders issued yesterday, of which you were furnished a copy: The brid~es, two at each crossing, to be laid complete before 3.30 a. m. of the 29th, under the supervision of General Benham, who is charged with the responsibility thereof Page 205 CHAP. X~ XVJI. I THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 205 The major-general commanding is informed that, agreeably to your request, General Sedgwick placed at your disposal a brigade of in- fantry, and he (lesires to know why these orders were not complied with aial those bruhtes hid at the hour specified. Very resl)cctluhly, & c., S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant (icucral, Brigadier-General BENHAM, Commanding Engineer Brigade. hEADQUARTERS ENGINEER BRIGADE, Near Palm outh, Va., Ajprjl 29, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge your letter of this date, gi~~i ug an extract from the orders of the commanding general, which stated that I was charged with placing the bridges, two at each crossing, to be laid complete befoic 3.30 a. m. of the 29th, directing me to state why those orders were not complied with. To show how completely every effort on my part was made to accoml)lish this, and through what causes it failed, as far as known, a statement stmewhat in detail may be necessary, though it is summed up in a few words at the close of this letter. These orders were coinmnnicated to me about 11 a. in. yesterday morning, as I was monnted to go to General Sedgwicks camp, I having about one hour previously i)een shown by General Butterfield a press copy of the original in the adjutant generals office an(l immediately after my return to my camp, an(l finding an aide of General Sedgwicks, I colnlnnnicate(l through him by note the main features of my project for laying the bridges. On meeting General Sedgwick, it was agreed to, or approved by him, as follows: I proposed to use all the boats of the three bridges, or about one hundred in number, ~vhich it was esti- mated wonid carry about 6,000 men at a single trip, which number it was decided by General Sedg~vick to throw over at each place, as I un- derstood it, before laying the bridges. To avoid the alarm and conse- quent preparation for us, which the sound of the pontoon boats might give to the enemy long before we could reach the river bank, I proposed (having previously drawn the I)ontoons to the edge of the woods by an- imals) to have the boats carried from thise points, about two-thirds of a mile, to the river, by the men of the comm and, which it was judged 72 men for each boat, forming double reliefs, COul(l easily do. Captain Reese having reported to me that on trial he had found that 36 men were ample to carry each boat to the river, with one rest; that as soon as it could be discovered that the enemy had taken the alarm, the 1)011- toon equipage on its trucks, l)receded by the protecting artillery, should be ordered to come down rapidly, during the crossing of which the boats, manned by oarsmen from the engineers (and with each its cross- ing party of 60 men, previously assigned, who should be with each boat, with an equal force awaiting there for a second trip), were to be put in the river and thrown to the opposite bank. The equipage was expected to be down by the time of the second return of the boats, when the laying of the bridges was to be commenced. The pontoons were to be, and were, closed up at the edge of the woods at twilight, or soon after. It was judged best not to commence too early, not to alarm the enemy before the usual hour of rest. The hours were carefully discussed with Genci-al Sedgwick, and Ijudged that Page 206 20(3 N. VA., XV. VA., MD .,AND PA. CHAP. XXXVII. if the boats left the edge of the woods at 11 or 11.30 oclock, one hour would amply suffice to carry them down, one honr more be more than ample to pass the men over, and, in the moonlight, his forces would suffice to lay the bridges, and eventually ordered the boats to be started at 11.30 oclock for both crossings. I asked that General Wadsworths command might be assigned to aid with the lower boats, and directed Lieutenant-Colonel [William fl.J Pettes to call on General Wadsworth as early as he should arrive, to assigu about 72 men to carry each boat, and to have told off 60 other men with their proper officers for the passage. This, Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes informs me, he complied with; that General Wadsworth furnished the carrying parties, and that he was informed that the other details were also made. General Pratts coin mand was assigned to me for carrying parties for the upper three sets of boats used, and General Sedgwick informed me that General Brooks division would be the crossing force. When Gen- eral Pratt reported to me at my camp, between 2 and 3 p. in., I re- quested him to assign as early as practh~able the carrying parties and order them to each boat, and I have the pleasure of saying that he ap- peared to use every possible effort to accomplish this, though I believe it was scarcely completed till the very last hour. Of General Brooks I requested (General Sedgwick being present at General Brooks bivouac, in advance and to the right of the upper trains) that he should assign the mcii to cross in each boat, as I told him, from 50 to 70 men each. He stated that he proposed to put his left in front, and that on receiving notice of the starting of the boats he would have the squads at the junction of the path from his position to the river road, to join the boats as they passed in succession, which last ap- peared a good arrangement. I then left for my camp, leaving soon after 9 p. In- with General Hunt, and, after an interview with General Sedg- wick, at nearly 11 p. in., I started to make a second visit to the lower pontoons by way of the river road. I gave the direction to my officers of the upper trains to leave positively at 11.30 oclock if I did not return by that time, stating that I would join them before they got into posi- tion, and I requested Captain [Richard F.1 Halsted, of General Sedg- wicks staff, who accompanied me for the purpose, to remain till the moment of starting, and then push rapidly to inform General Brooks, that he might have his crossing squads ready to meet and accompany the boats as they passed, and Captaiii R& se, who was to lead, was charged to see that these squads joined him as he passed. In giving the instruction to Captain Halsted for the forwarding and delivery of the message to General Brooks, it may, perhaps, be proper, under the present circumstances, to state that I found it necessary to go over and report them for the third time, in consequence, as it appeared to me, of the difficulty in making him understand them or of keeping his atten- tion to me as I stated it to him. I then pushed rapidly round to the other boats, and finding General Rey- nolds, General Wads worth, as also Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes, I gave my final instruction to him, and during the interview, finding it was then 11.30 oclock, I directed the pontoons to be at once dismounted and the movement to commence, stating that I would send an officer to inform them when the equipage and artillery should move. Returning rapidly, I should judge about or just before 12 oclock, I found the two or three leading pontoons just entering the field between the road aiid~the river, but without the crossing squads accompanying them. I soon met General Brooks, however, expressing my disa Page 207 CHAP. XXXVII.1 THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 207 pointracut, and reported to him this failure, stating to him that the mis- take lay between himself, Captain ilaisted, and Captain Reese. The fear of delay to the crossing and in the laying of my bridges from the want of co-operation may have caused an earnestness of manner in me at this time, but no harsh words were nsed to General Brooks, as my staff can testify, and he informed me that this should be rectified, and that the squads should join their respective boats immediately. I then proceeded toward the river, leaving my quartermaster at a covered position about half-way down the field, to have the pontoons close up and the crossing squads join them, and, taking the corporal of the pickets, went carefully down the bank and along the shore for the dis- tance I judged it expedient to have the boats placed, and, returning, I found Captain Reese at the edge of the bank, and then went down again with him the whole distance to show him the position, directing him to commence the placing of his boats at once for the crossing. On my return again to the top of the bank, I found the evidence of alarm in the signal lights of the enemy, and at once dispatched my topographical officer to hurry up the equipage of the two upper bridges and my quar- termaster to order down that of the two lower. This was not far from 1 oclock. I then went down the bank a third time, and personally directed the placing of the first four or five boats, but found them with- out their crossing squads. The arraPgefrient was, that General Pratts carrying force was to rest during the crossing of General Brooks men, and then help lay the bridges. During the packing of these boats, I found the rebels had several small boats rowing down opposite to us. I went to search for some officer of the crossing force, and on the asceiit of the bank encountered an officer who told me he was General Rus- sell, and he appeared somewhat vexed, accusing me of having ordered his left in front, with his rear rank to the enemy. I at once told him of his mistake; that I had nothing to do with this at all; that it was the plan and order of General Brooks, as announced to General Sedgwick and myself; without appearing to convince him, however, for he re- peated that it was Captain Reese who did it,if not myself. On finding my efforts of no avail with him to have the crossing squads assigned to the boats when my oarsmen were waiting, exposed to the danger of a fire that might open at any moment upon them, I told him of the responsibility I had for the laying of these bridges and of the urgent necessity for the previous crossing of his men, and asked him distinctly if he declined to obey my orders, to which he gave no satisfactory reply other than an apparent negative, which he made more explicit on a second meeting with him a few minutes after, when I repeated that question. I then, stating my position and rank, placed him in arrest, as far as I had power to do so. This arrest I directed him to report to General Brooks, for his confirmation. Finding myself there, power. less, with my boats and boatmen at the river and no men to cross in them, I could only join my staff; then sent Lieutenant [Stephen M.] Weld to report this fact to General Sedgwick, and I remained quietly on the river, where, in a short time, General Brooks caine to me, to whom I related the above circumstances, and distinctly put the question to him if he acknowledged my right to command, to which he replied in time negative, on which I asked him if he would assume com- mand. I theu stated to him, The responsibility of the crossing now rests with you, but I will aid you in any way that you wish, and all my men are at your orders, a part of my staff being witnesses to this. Upon this he left me, and I did not see him till the main crossing was effected; and I was detained in this way, inact h-c and perfectly power Page 208 208 N. VA., W. yA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. less, for some hours of time before the earliest daylight. I then sent Lieutenant [Martin] Van Brocklin to General Sedgwick to report these circumstances and request that he would come down and take the com- mand, and soon after I again sent to General Sedgwick by my quarter- master, to urge him to come down or send some officer to take com- mand. Some time after this, Captain [Charles A.] Whittier, of Gen- eral Se~lgwicks staff; met me, and requested me to accompany him, which I did; but he being on foot and I mounted he soon left me, and soon after Colonel [Martin T.] McMahon came to me, and I begged him to remain with me to aid in pushing the work; but we also were soon separated. Some time after daylight, I was told that General Newton had been sent down to take command, but I did not see him, I l)eing then snperintending the laying of the bridges, till I left for General Reynolds column. Some fifteen to twenty minutes after I had noticed that the day was dawning, I saw the first boat crossing and the firing commenced, and in a frw minutes the boats returned, and were in large numbers, as I saw, at the bank on our side without any one Peing near or ready to refill them, as some of my oarsmen caine up to me to report. I then exerted myself to the utmost to rally the men near me, and with success, to go down the bank and Jill the boats again, during which exertions my horse was shot under me, but, descending the bank with him, I about this time met General Brooks, telling him what I had done as to the ordering of his men, which he appeared to fully approve, as I then re- quested him to order my men also if he found it necessary, and at this time, in leaning over to shake hands with General Brooks, my wounded horse staggered so that I could not retain my seat in the saddle, and I slipped to the ground, and immediately after, finding my horse disabled, I sent him away l)y my brigade veterinary surgeon, and ordered another to be sent down to me. Immediately after the second crossing of the boats, or at about 6 a. in., the bridges of the Regulars, under Captain Reese, was commenced, being finished at 7 oclock; the first bridge of the Fifteenth Regiment, under Major [Walter L.] Cassin, was begun after 6 oclock and finished at about 7.15 oclock; the third bridge, the boats of which I had brought down to use for crossing, intending to return them to its train, was or- dered to be ~laid, and its equipa~e, sent down by General Newtons directions, given to I attributed the failure of the crossing of the men and the laying of the bridges by the hours designated to the failure of the crossing squads to join the boats as I had asked, and to the want of the presence of some senior officer with full powers to direct both the crossing and the labor. ing forces. After the third bridge was coriimenced, I sent a report of the facts to General Sedgwick by my quartermaster, and hearing that there had been a repulse at the lower crossing, and that the bridges had not been bud there, I proceeded to that position, finding Generals Reynolds and Wadsworth and LieuteuantColouel Pettes on the heights just above the road, at Pollocks Mill Creek. I then distinctly learned that the boats were for the most part in the water, but that the fire from the other side had prevented the troops from entering the boats to cross, and, of course, that the bridges could not be laid as projected. Gen- eral Reynolds gave a reason that the crossing was not effected because I had ordered that the troops should not move till forty boats were put in the water, but I corrected this mistake, and to his satisfaction, as I understood by the further evidence of General Wadsworth that I had ordered that forty boits should be carried from the woods above, an Page 209 CHAP. XXXVILI TI1i~ CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 209 not twenty, only as he and General Wadsworth had told me the night before that my assistant adjutant-general lIa(1 ordered, stating, of which some of my officers were witnesses at this I)revions interviexv, that the moveitiemit of crossing with the number of men would be at time (lis(5rction of the commanding officer, then understood to be General Wadsworth. On examining the rebel positions with my glass, I said to General iley- nolds, I don bt if there are 50 men there, and there are certainly not 300, to which he appeared to assent, when I added, You have 15,000. At first General Ileynolds thought he would send his men round by the upper bridges to come down and capture that position, an dsometroops were so ordered to move, but soon halted, and, after my repetition of similar remarks again to General iReynolds, he then directed General Wadsworth to effect the crossing, which was done very shortly after. This was between 9 and 10 a. m. As soon as I saw the preparations fairly made for crossing, I went down and directed the pushing ou the pontoon equipage and a few pontoons then in the field near the road, which Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes informed me had been brought back by the alarmed teamsters when the firing broke out. And the men drawing the wagons down amid unloading them rapidly, as the lodgment had been efl~cted by General WadswTorth, the b ridges were coin muenced at once at about 10.15 oclock, and by 12 oclock they were both com- pleted and troops crossing, as Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes has stated to me, I having left about five mm mites previously to go to General Hooker, as directed. The report of Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes, a copy of which is herewith respectfully submitted~* shows that after I had left Generals IReynolds and Wads worth, at 11.30 l~ ma. of the 28th, some of the boats were car- ried part way to the river by hand, and that then General Wadsworth or(lered them to reload the l)Ontoons on the trucks to take them (lowim by the teams. The redistribution of the balks on different wagons, as necessary to protect the boats, and the fimiding of the teams of the mm- loaded boats ordered to be sent ont of the way, and findimig time differ- ent boats scattered alomig the road in the night, must alone have nn~ avoidably cansed great delay, as Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes states. Not- withstandimig this, the boats for somne 1,200 men were ready in the water by 4.30 oclock, and reported to General Wadsworth, and with my oars- muen in them, but no nien were at hand to enter themn for crossing; there being thus a failure of what I had considered vital to the whole affair, and that I had directed Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes to ask for, and that I requested at mny last previous interview with Generals IReynolds amid Wadsworththat the crossing squads of about 60 each should be de- tailed for and attached to and accompany each boat down froni the edge of the woods. This failure, with the countermand of my orders about carrying boats by hand, was, in my opinion, the cause of the delay in crossimmg and laying of the bridges at the hours (lirected at the lower point, and, as I have stated, at the upper crossings, though a large l)ortiou of the boats were down at the waters edge imi very good time, or soon after 1 a. ma. The failure of the crossing squads to be ready with the boats to Cross, as repeatedly asked for previously by mne, together with the wamit of an officer of ramik to direct the comabimmations of the operations, as l)Ie- viously stated by me, were the causes of the delay at this crossing. I can only say that everything that all mimy forethought could devise and my untiring vigilance could execute without one l)article of sleep for ~ Not foumid. 14 R RVOL XXV, PT Page 210 210 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. tlie forty-two hours previous to writing the first part of this letter, of which I was some fourteen hours in the saddle from the first, sixteen after I received the order, and with the aid of all my staff awl, as far as Ikuow, every officer aud man attached to this brigadeall was done to secure an implicit compliance with the orders of the commanding general. With the copy of the report of Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes,* the only one as yet received, I respectfully inclose a statement of my brigade veterinary surgeon * upon one matter referred to in this report. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, II. W. RENHAM, Brigadier- General Comman General S. WILLIAMS, , ding. Adjutant- General, Army of the Potomac. IIEADQITARTEnS ENGINEER ERIGADE, Near Banks Ford, Va, May 1, 1863. SIR: The early calls to other luty prevented my completino the re- port, as I designed to make it up, on the laying of thz bridges below Federicksburg on the morning of the 29th instant. I desire to say more explicitly tht, being charged by General Hooker with the resI)onsibility of laying the bri(lgcs by the hours stat d and my plans being aI)proved or ordered to be earned out, as I mm is h was con- cerned, by General Sedgwick, at that time in command md the neces- sary troops being supplied therefom by him, I considered myself in coin- wand, and, in f~ ct, obliged to give orders, when necessary, to all the troops on this duty, to the close of these operations, equally with the force nuder General Pratt, required to aid my pontoiiiers, an(1 to the force also of General Brooks, assigned by General Sedgwick for the purpose of first passing over to protect the laboriiv force, and reqnire(l by a part of my plans (also approved with the rest) as in(lispensal)le to success. General Sedgwick is mny witness that I planned, and in his presence, about sunset on the 28th, nr~ ed on General Brooks that his crossing squads of about 60 men each should be assigned to at~d accompany the pontoons as they were leaving the limits of concealment at the edge of the woods, my reasons for which had been giventhe fear that these squads would otherwise fail injoining the boats properly. General Sedg- wick was a witness to Gener I Brooks proposition to have the squads join at another point, which I assented to reluctantly, and only on con- dition that General Brooks would be respomisible for their accurately joining there on having (lue notice from mue, and which notice on the after- noorm of the next day he admitted to have received from Captain Hal- sted; yet it is a fmct that is undeniable that, on returning from a rapid ride to time lower column, at the 1 st moment, and very nearly~ if not ex- aetly, at muinnight, fonnd that some of the leading pontoons had passed the points (lesigmiated without being joined by the crossing squads; that, front a sti-ong sense of my own responsibility for the fulfillment of the orders given me by the time indicated, and for the saving of the lives of our men, on meeting General Brooks, whom 1 fully believed then to be under my orders for the duty, I expressed to him my strong feel- ing of disappointment at his failure, but in no words personally harsh to himself, and, to his offer to make explanations, I said, I uave tio time for explanations; I want no explanations; I want the men. This Not fouiid Page 211 CHAP. XXXVfl.] THE CIIANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 211 he said he would attend to, and at my last interview, above alluded to, he informed me that these squads did join the boats while they were closing up on the upper bank ; that is durino the next forty or fifty minutes. This is very possible, but it is also certain that, as the lead- ing boats passed down to the rivers edge about or just after 1 a. in., these squads were not with any of the first four or five boats, for I l)ersonally superintended the placing of these boats, inquired ibr them, and went round the boats to assure myself of their presence, if l)os- sible, and it could not have beeu 1 80 oclock when I met General Ilus- sell, who complained that I had inverted the order of his mcii, & e., or that Captain Reese so ordered it. A subsequent explanation with Cap- tain Reese satisfied me that this arose from his understanding an or(ler of mine for closing up the boats on the upper bank to be intended for the lower or river e(lge. But it did not relate to the men, nor, from the precautions I took, did it change the placing of the boats from where I intended. As General I~nssell then wonl(l not acknowledge my authority to (lirect him as to the ~)lacing of his men, which I considered so vital to ~he success of the operatioii, I did not see what I could pos- sibly (10 further thaii to let the l)oats pass down and l)ecome filled when- ever it might happen; but, meeting General Russell again, I again ma(le the effort to have him obey me, and, on his refusal, I arrested him an(l reported it, as stated previously. r1~ he interview with General Brooks shortly after was, as cami be l)roved, entirely cahn, an(i showed only an earnest wish on my part that there should be but one directing head, as I think he admits, for, whemi I found he refused to allow inc to direct in relation to his troops, I asked him if he would, or requested him to, take the (lirection of the whole operations, telling him the responsibility rested with hiin, and in my first impulse said, I will obey your or- ders, but, recollecting myself, said, I will endeavor to have your wishes complied with, and all my men are at your (lisposition, to which I heard no reply from him ; and this refusal of his was also duly re- ported to the general in command. I then awaited until after I dis- covered the approach of da.ylight and the first movement of the boats before I could take effective action, for which my first efforts were to have the boats filled to cross over the protecting force, and as S00~ as possible after the boats were available the two bridges first or(lere(l were commenced and completed within one to one and a half hours as reported. The first interview with General Russell and his refusal occurred at very neaily 1.80 oclock, riot later, I feel certain, and I had fl() effective control of the troops froui that time until after daylight, more thaim three hours, which were thus lost toward laying the bridges. That 1 had reason to believe the troops of General Brooks were under my direction as well as the others, these being engaged in aprecedent I)art of time operations, I think that, independent of other reasons, the necessity of the case, my security, & c., I feel that I need only appeal to the report I had the honor to niake to the commanding general on time 18th of March, e~pressly stating that for such and similar opera- tions I considered it imidispensable to success that the force aiding and protecting the engineer troops should all be under time direc~iou of one head, and upon which report was iiidorsed, by the proper staff officer of the general, that when troops were needed for such piirpO5e5 they would be furnished. These were noxv needed and had been fmhnished, and, I could only suppose, furnished according to the termns under which I ha(I asked themn and h d supposed this approved. If anything fur- ther were needed, I had the words of General Sedgwick to myself per Page 212 212 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Onv. lfltfl sonally as follows, or this effect: General Pratt will be ordered to. report to you for the carrying force, and General Brooks command will furnish the protecting squads to cross. No other head than myself could be suspected to be there upon the field, nor, in fact, could any other or staff officer be supposed to be effective, if newly arrived upon the field, for directing such operations and combinations. It is, of course, to be presumed. that General Brooks had not been made aware of the nature of that report of mine or of the indorsement upon it, though how General Sedgwicks order was given to him, I, of course, am not advised. As to the lower trains of General Reynolds, the same arrangements were, made. Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes states that, according to my orders (and request, repeated to General Wadsworth in person, as stated at 11.30 p. m. of the 29th),. he called on General Wadsworth for the 72 carriers and 00 men for crossing squads to go with each pontoon, which were promised and, the carriers furnished, but that five pontoons only were carried at all, and these only a paat less than half the distance, when General Wadsworth ordered Major [Edmund 0.1 Beers to reload the pontcons,-which consumed so much time that only about twenty boats could be got in the water at 4.30 C in., and these being reported to General Wadsworth as ready for his men and able to carry (10 each, Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes says no men were present ready to cross iii them. That .the carrying of the pontoons as proposed was practicable is proved by the noble endurance of General Pratts command, who brought some three-fourths or the boats of two trains down in excel- lent time, the distance being about the nine as for the lower trains. That enough men, 72 (ash, were asked for, is shown by this fact that not only this numberdid the (lutyfor the uppertrains, bnt that Captain Reese had reported that 30 only could do it, with one rest. That it was of the utmost importance that this plan should be fold lowed is eyidenced by the fact, as reported to me, that the rebel lieu- tenant at the upper crossing stated that they had notice at lip, in. the night previous that we were to cross at timant point, and that they were directed to listen for the sound of the pontoon wagons, the officer r6- porting this to me (the commanding officer of the Sixty-ninth Pennsyl- vania Regiment, I believe), adding, I have no doubt this saved 000 lives, for there cannot- be a doubt that even with all this delay this crossing was really a surprise. I may be permitted to add, in conclusion, that, in everything except as to the delay beyond the hour required by the order, which 1 trust has been satisfactorily accounted for as not chargeable to me in any way, I consider the laying of those five bridges in times ranging from one hour to one hour and forty-five minutes as only an instance of signal, if-not unprecedented, success, which resulted only from the exact compliance with the directions given by, as fur as I learned, every officer and man of the Engineer Brigade and the most hearty assistance of that fine officer, General Pint; and his command, con- sisting of the excellent officers and men of his brigade and Colonel rAlexander] Shalers. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Briua4j4E~2iau. General 8. Wnssxs, Anistest Adjvtant-Geseral, Army of the Potomac. Page 213 Owar. XflYHJ THE OHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 218 HEADQUARTERS EuiGnifiun BRIGADE, Camp utear .Falmoutk, Va., May 10, 1863. Statement of operations of Engineer Brigade in laying and removing fourteen bridges, between April 28 and MayO, upon the Bappahannook River: April 27, Captain [Timothy] Lubey, Fifteenth Hew York Engineers, was sent to Washington, with orders to get a canvas pontoon train, take it to Alexandria, and thence by railroad to Bealeton Station by 20.30 a. m. of the 28th. He reports that he was there, reporting to Captain Comstock by 7.30 a. in. on that day (28th); that he found teams ready, and at Once proceeded to Kellys Ford, wherehe wived at 5.30 p. in. on that day, and laid his bridge by 7.45 p. m. on the 28th On April 28, about 11 a. m~, I received orders to have two bridges laid at the Franklin Crossing and two near the mouth of Poliocks Mill Creek, all complete, by 3.30 a. in. of the 29th. The boats of the first two were ready at the bank for the most part at 1 to 2 a. in., but the covering force not accompanying the boats as planned, and their gen. eral not complying with my requisition and orders, the crossing of this force was delayed till 4.30 to 5 a. in. Between 5.45 and 7.15 a. in. the two bridges were laid at the Franklin Crossing, as ordered, and within the next three hours a third bridge by the orders of Major-General Newton. At Pollocks Mill Creek my orders were countermanded by the general commanding the working and cov- ering force, for after the pontoons were dismounted and a few carried a short distance by hand, they were ordered to be reloaded on the wagons. This delayed the operations so that it was onlyat 4.30 a. m. that twenty boats were in the water, enough for 1,000 men, but no men were there to cross to protect the labor on the bridge, and the enemy shortly after opening Are upon the working force there, no further attempt was made to lay the bridge for some hours. Upon hearing at the upper crossing of the repulse, I ~ent to meet General Reynolds, and the result of our interview was, about 9 a. in., an attempt to cross on the part of his troops, which was at once suc- cessful, and the two bridges were laid between 10 and 11.45 a. in. On April 30,1 was ordered to have one of the bridges at each of these crossings taken up after dark and transported to Bankt Ford, and have them in position to be laid before daylight the next morning. These bridges were taken up after 8p.m. and transported to the l)oints named, about 15 to 16 miles, and were with the rear train entering into park there about 6.15 a. m. the 1st instant, a few teams being delayed by the upsetting of four or tire pontoons and other wagons. May 3, the enemy having left Banks Ford about 1.30 to 2 l~ in., and no countermand arriving, with the concurrent opinion ot General [Henry 3.] Hunt, although we then had no great force on either side there, one bridge was laid between 3 and 4.30 p. in., when an order arrived to send the second bridge to United States Ford for a third bridge there. This bridge, or sixteen boats of it, then harnessed, were started under Colo- nel [Clinton G.] Colgate within fifteen minutes, the sixteen being deemed amply sufficient there, as only fourteen had been needed in the bridge just laid at Banks Ford, and the balance of the two trains, being fourteen boats, were retained for a second bridge at Banks Ford in case an einerkent necessity arrived for it. That necessity arrived, and the bridge was prepared for it, having been laid (a part of the time under a severe fire of shot and shell) in the afternoon of the 4th instant, and it was by the two bridges that General Sedgwicks corps and al Page 214 214 N. YA.,~W. VA., MD.,AN1) PA. f[CHAP.XXXVII. his train and artillery, fifty-five pieces, passed in less than one hour (between 2 and 3 a. m. May 5), imme(liately after which these bridges were taken up, the boats concealed, and eventually brought away safely on the 6th instant. On May 3, Captain Reese was ordered to move his bridge from Franklins Crossing near to the old railroad bridge site, and Major Cassin to take his from the same i)lace to the Lacy house, and both were towed up an(1 relaid at the points named at about 5.30 a. n., May 3. May 3, Major Beers, from Pollocks Mill Creek, was ordered to re- move his bridge by teams, and relay it at the Lacy house, which was done by 6.30 a. in., May 3. As to Colonel Colgates and Major Spauldings trains, at upper or United States For(lApril 28, Major SpmLnl(ling was first ordered with his two trains from his 01(1 encampment, on Warrenton roa(l, to Banks Ford then, on April 29, lie was ordered to United States Ford, where, on April 30, he laid down his two bridges. Omi May 3, at 10.30 l~ ill., Colonel Colgate arrived at lJmnte(l States Ford with a third bridge, which was laid down on time 4rh instant, [0 to 11.30 a. in. These three bridges, after the reerossing of the main army, weve taken up on the 5th by 8 a. in., and arrived at or near this camp last night (Colonel Colgate the night before), every officer and man of the Eu~i neer Brigade hay- ing, as thr as I am able to learn, I have the pleasure of stating, done his duty in the most praiseworthy manner. And to this I am gratified to a(ld that every requisition npon the Qnartermaster~s Department has been most kindly and l)romptly met by Colonel Ingalls and his assist- ants, Major [William] Painter and Captains [William (i+.] Rankin and [Luther 11.1 Pierce. I may state here that after I had removed the bridges at Banks Ford, on May 5, at about 9 a. in., I heard thei-e was an or(ler for me to rCl)Ort at United States Ford. 1 searched for time written order at the tele- graph office and elsewhere, but it did not i-each me till between 1 and 2 p. mu., and at abont the latter hour I stavted with my staff and orderlies to report as directed, arriving at and Over United States Ford at about 4 p. in., and from there reported by an aide at general headquarters. This aide informed me that I was authorized to return to mny camp if I had good ofticers to leave there so I at omice returned to time charge of the trains here, starting at 5.30 oclock, ai)(l, after comnmnunicatiug with General Sedgwicks headquarters on my way, arrive(l here at about 11 p. m. on the 5th instamit. I respectfully smibmnit a tabular sche(lmiie of times, places, & c., of the laying of the pontoon bridges during time last movement, which, per- haps, may be (leemned desirable. I have the honor to be, sir~ very respectfnlly, your obedient servant, B. W. BENHAM, Brigadier- General. General S. WILLIAMS, A& s-istant Adjutant-General, Army of the Potomac Page 215 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 215 SUMMAiRY OF SERVICES 1)13 ENGiNEER BRIGAI)E, APRIL 28-MAY 7, 1863. Tabular state ent of bridges laid by the Engineer Jirigade, commanded by Brig. Gen. H. JC. Be ham, during Ih.e recent movement. Date. 1863. April April 29 April 29 April 29 April 29 April 29 April 30 April 30 April 30 May 3 May 3 May 3 May 3 May 4 May 4 Under whose di- rection. 28 Captain Lubey Captain Reese Major Cassin Colonel Col~ate. - -. Lieutenant-Colonel Pettes. Major Beers Major Spauldiag... do Jolouci Cal ate.~. Lieutenant-Colonel Pet;tes. Major Beers Major Cassin Captain Reese Colonel Colgate - - - - Lieutenant-Colonel Magruder. Regiment. 15th New York Engi- neers. U. S. Engineers 15l.l~ New York Engi- neers. 50th New York Engi- neers. 15th New York Engi- neers. 50th New York Engi- neers. do 15th New York Engi- neers. U. S. Engineers, 15th New York Eugi. steers. Where laid. Kellys Ford, 22 miles ahove Fred- ericksburg. Fr. nklins Crossing, 3 miles below Fredericksburg. iJo. I)o. Polloeks Mill Creek month, 5 miles below Frederieksbnrg. i)o. United States Ford, 13 aniles above Fredericksburg. Do. Carried to Banks Ford, May 1, but not laid there. Bftnks ord, May 3. Frederieksbnrg, near Lacy house. Do. Fredericksburg, near railroad cross- ing at Fredericksburg. United States Ford. Banks Ford. No. Hours of laying. Hours of taking up. Remarks. 1 7 to 7.45 p.m April 29, 7 p. m Ca~nvas pontoons. 2 5.50 to 7 a. m ny 3, 4 a. m Ordinary wood pontoons. 3 6to7.30 am MayS, 4a.m. Do. 4 7 to 9.45 n.m April 30, 8 to 11p.m.... Do. 5 10 to 11.45 a. an April 30, 8 to 1150p.m.. Do. (1 10 to 11.50 a. m May 2,10 a. at I)o. 7 2to3.30p.m May 6, 7to8a.m Do. 8 2 to 3.30 p. m May 6, 7 to 8 a. m Mixed bridge train of Waterman and ordi- nary pontoors. 9 This bridge transferred to United States Ford, May 3, 8 miles. 10 3 to 4 p. m May 5, 5 a. m These two bridges were transported 15 to 16 miles, between 11.30 p. m. of April 30, and 6 and 7a. m. of May 1, from Franklin and Pohloeks Mill Creek Crossing np to Banks Ford. 11 5.15 to 6.30 a. an May 5, 3 to 7 p. at Moved about 5 miles. 12 5.15 to 6.lOa. am May 5, 3 to 7 p.m 13 SiSto 6.30 a. m May 5, 3 to 7 p.m 14 10 to 11.30 a. m May6, 7 to 8.10 n.m..... Train formedfrom eightboats of Lieutenant. 15 1 to 10 p.m May 5, 5 n.m Colonel Petres. and six of Colonel Col- gates, and extra trestlesmnade on the spot. NOTENitme different bridges used altogether; live of these relaid at other positions, varying from 3 to 15 miles trout the origitial sites. H. W. BENHAM, Lieutenant.Oelenel ef Engineers, and Eriqadier-General, Commanding Engineer Brigem-e. HEADQUARTERS ENGINEER BRIGADE, Camp near .Falmouth, Va., May 16, 1863. SIR: Although, as I uuderst~ ud it, not being, strictly speaking, 111)011 the duties as au engineer officer which require the reports ot operations to he translllitteti to your departtneut, yet, IU tile l)tiliCf that it may he ihItelesting 1111(1 useful, I have the honor ot trausluittilig to yoi~ ;l COI)Y * Transported. 0 Relaid. Transported and relaid. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 *9 110 811 112 113 814 1 Page 216 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. 216 jOint mv~ of the summary report made to General Hooker of the operations of this brigade in laying and removing bridges upon the Bappahannook Diver d~iring the recent eight days strnpgle of this army in this vicinity. The brigade consisted of the Battalion of United States Engineers, some 800 menu of the Fifteenth and Fiftieth New York Volpnteer Engi. neers, abbnt vbo meneach; or,in all, some 1,700, and they were tempo-. wily assisted by various regiments of this army at different times, varying from two to eight bonn together. During this period of nine days, as will be seen by the summary, fourteen bridges (five of them relays) were placed over the Rappahannock and removed, each bridge from 100 to 140 yards long. The bridges were, first, a canvas pontoon bridge at Kellys Ford about 25 miles by the road above Fredericks- burg or 12 in a direct line; three wooden pontoon bridges (one of them made partly of Watermans pontoons) at the United States Ford, about 18 miles by road (or 10 in right line) above Fredericksbnrg; two at Banks Ford, at about 4 miles above.(these brought up from below the city); three at the city (relaid after being taken up from below), and three at about 2j and two at about 5 mile below Fredericksburg. By. the canvas pontoon train there passed over StDnemans cavalry, about 9,000 strong, and this bridge was much approved, as I learn. Over the three bridges at the United States Ford there passed and repassed the bulk of General Hookers army1 with all its artillery, although the river rose some 5 feet by a violent ram, which, after the preparation for with- drawal had commenced, set in so violently as to break away one or two of the bridges. By the two bridges at Banks Ford, our left wing, under Genoral Sedgwick, of about 17,000 men and fiftyAve pieces of artillery, repassed in about forty~five minutes between 2 sad 3 a. m. on the 5th instant, and, by the bridges at and below Fredericksburg, General Sedgwicks and a part of General Oouchs corps, some 25,000. men, with their artillery, passed over to the attack. At the laying of the first three bridges, some 2f miles, and at the next two, nearly 5 miles, below Fredericksburg, the brigade supplied the oarsmen of the boats to pass and repass for fransporting the cov- ering or protecting force, and they were consequently very greatly ex- posed as also during the whole of April 29 and 30, by the accurate shell-Aring of the enemy, when a shell passed through a pontoon. The engineers were also accurately shelled in laying the lower bridge at Banks Ford on the 4th, when cables were cut, & c., and the ranges of the ravines leading to both bridges were accurately obtained and con- tinually reached by the fire of the enemy; yet the casualties consisted of 1 sergeant killed at Banks Ford on May 4 and 8 privates wounded at the lower ford on April 29, where my horse was shot under me, as was also the horse of lieutenant Marsh, Fifteenth New York Engineers, under him, while we were urging forward the protecting force to cross in the boats. Aim outline map of.the river and roads adjacent which I have the pleasure of inclosing herewith, will show the position of the bridges laid, roads, & c. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, . H. W. BENHAM, Lievtaust-Oolo,sel of Engineers end Brigadier-GesersL General JOSEPH G. ToTTmI, 0kW of Engineert appear in At Page 217 Czar. XXXYILJ THE (JHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 217 No.?. Report of Capt. Samuel T. (Jueking, Oommieaary of Ssbeieteswe, U. S. Army, Acting Oldqf Sipal Officer. theMilowIngi~oitohbe WAsmxGToIq,J~ 0., May28, 188t [ ] operations of the Signal Corps, Army of the Potomac, during the movements of that army from the 27th of April, 1803, to the 0th of May, 1883: April 27, 1883.I received instructions from the chief of staff to ex- tend signal telegraph lines from headquarters camp to Banks Ford and to Franklins (JronMog. Upon inquiring what rules should governs these lines, I was merely told to have them extended by night. In obedience to which instructions, I directed Capt. F. B. Beardslee to take charge of the line to Banks Ford, and to have the wire extendeu. Lient. F. Wilson was placed in charge of the line to Franklins Crossing. A line pf signal stations was already established, watehing tine movements of the enemy at tine Phillips house, at the b3eddon house, at Bucknne$s Neck, and at the England house. Beceiving no instructions, i did not direct the establishment of other lines. As I received no linformation regarding the movements pending, it was impossible for me to decide as to what points would be advantageous to establish signal stations, but feeling confident that the station at the Phillips house would be one of importance, I directed. the officers then upon station there not to move with tine corps to which they had been partially assigned. I also directed that the telegraph line should be so placed that, on its way to Franklins Crossing, it would permit the establishment at any time of an intermediate station at the Phillips house. My instructions were carried out, and the circumstances of the operations, I am proud to say, fully bore out my anticipations. The telegraph line to Frank- lins Crossing was erected and ready for operations at L30p. m. The line to Banks Ford was arrested by our pickets at a point near the England house, and about 2 miles from Banks Ford. imagining that a portion of the army would cross at or near Banks For4, I directed Capt. B. F. Fisher to be at Banks Ford at dawn on the morning of April 28, and assume charge of all signal operations with the right wing of the army. He was invested with plenary power to use airthe signal officers with the right wing, and establish such station she might deem necessary. April 28, 1863.This morning the telegraph line was extended to Banks Ford, and 1 received orders to extend the line to United States Ford. I was obliged to use wire in which I had but little confidence, it having been in constant use for four months upon the line from general headquarters to Belle Plain. I think that justice to tIne corps demands that I should here state that on the preceding day I had re- quested permission to abandon this line and bring in the wire for re- pairs, but was refused. This wire was taken up a distance of 11 miles, was carded forward to Banks Ford toward United States Ford, mak- ing the aggregate distance marched by the party about 35 miles. This march, considering the duties performed in one day, I consider as being worthy of the highest credit, and great credit is therefore due to Capt F. B. Beardslee for his ntiring energy in carrying out my instructions. This line was put up to within Smiles Qf United States Ford, and would have been ready for work at night, but, owing to an accident to one of the instruments, commUnication was not opened that night The wir Page 218 218 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII was in bad order, and the instrument was not sufficiently strong to work through the wire with success. A heavy rain-storm during the day, aud the scattered condition of our forces, prevented the establishment of communication by flags. April 29, 1863.The telegraph line was extended to United States Ford, but the instruments would not work it successfully. It was possi- ble to work, but it did not work well. Captain Beardslee was iinme- diately sent forward to examine and repair. He reported at 9 p. in. that the instruments were repaired and that the lines were in working order. During the day, stations, commenced yesterday but prevented from working by the rain, were coIn~)lete1y established at Taylors Hill and at the Fitzhugh house, making a continnoas line of colniuunicatu)u from Buckners Neck to the Phillips house. Litutenant [Louis IR] Fortescue, at the Fitzhugh house, was in such a position to watch the line of rail- road of the enemy at the depot near Hamiltons Crossing, and made, as I am informed, frequent reports. Capt. P. Babcock was directed this morning to assume command of sigual duty upon the left wing of the army. During the day I received several reports from officers on duty to watch the movements of the enemy, all of which were promptly for- warded for the infurmation of the general commanding. About 9.30 p. m. I received a dispatch from Lient. A. B. Jerome, at United States Ford, giving secondary information regarding l)oints upon which he and his informant were uncertain. This dispatch was not sent until after 9 p. in., and was injudiciously dated ~.3() p. in., being the time the wagons and balloon were seen. As it was very uncertain, and I did imot desire to forward any information which would tend to mislead, I telegraphed back to the officer for further information. Before (loing so, however, I submitted the di~oatch to the assistant adjutant-general of the army, and informed him of the action I was going to take. The answer to my dispatch reached me about 10.30 p. in., and a statement embodying both the dispatches was immediately sent to the chief of staff, without regard to my impressions of their truth or importance. I was also informed that if these dispatches had reached the chief of staff one-half hour pre- viously, they would have been received in time to have been submitted to the commanding general before he went to bed, amid that his repose was worth more than the comumnissiomis of a dozemi signal officers. In obedience to these instructions. I forwarded thereafter all dispatches without t~iking copies, and I have no retained messages regarding move- ments of the enemy to submit with this rel)ort simice that (late. During the muorning, Lieutenants [J. Calvin] Wiggimis and [N. Henry] Camp, with General lleynolds, Ol)ened ominunication with Captain Kendall, near General Sedgwick~s I meadq na rters. April 30, 1863.On this day the Morse ol)erators wem-e placed upon the line of telegraph wmre previously extended to Banks Ford. These instruments, being attached to more pow~erful batteries, were more suc- cessful in their working than the muagmietic instruments had beeii, but to what extent ii am unable to st te, as the management of the line was taken from me, and T could obtain nO reports. I was merely held re sponsible for the wire, sul~ject l)artiahiy to orders or in8tructions from the citizen operators. I am of the opiniomi, however, that with the iii- strumeuts nuder my control, after the mmecessary adjustments had been mna(ie I c have so rip as to , ould kept cominunicatioii relieve the corps from the umifortunate opinion formed ot it fromn the acci(lemlt of the l)re- ceding day. Communication by tile signal telegraph was kept up to Uilite(l States Ford, amid Lieutenant Jerome extended the line across the river at United States Ford, and opened a station at the bric Page 219 Czar. mvnj THE CHANOELLOR8YILfl CAMPAIGN. 219 house. In obedience to instructions received, I this day telegraphe4 to Washington for 15 miles more wire. Having so small a party with which to manage it, and having failed so often with that which I then had, It was with great misgivings that I called for morb; but I did so, hoping that it might be serviceable, and that additional assistance might be given to me to effecsualiy work the additional material. By my orders, Captain Beardslee remained at Banks Ford until the new operators were fairly at work to render such assistance in keeping up the wire as he was able to with the patrols under his control. By direc- tion, the station at Buckners Neck was at 3 p.m. withdrawn, and the officers ordered to report in person for further assignments. At 8p. m. I received a telegram from yourself, stating that 8 officers and flagmen and 15 miles of wire had left Washington at Sp. m. in a specihi boat, and would report to me. Not anticipating their arrival, or knowing that they had been sent for, I was not aware of their equipment~ an immediately made arrangements to have them forwarded and to hEy supply them with equipments. My arrangements were so far accom- plished that I felt convinced that within an hdbr after they arrived I could have them fully supplied and ready for service. I am deeply indebted to CoL Rufus Ingalla, chief quartermaister, Army of the Poto- mac, tbr his kindness in completing these arrangements. Map 1, 1863.At la. in., 8 officers and flagmen reported from Wash- ington. Their equipments were immediately completed, and 1 addi- tional flagman was assigned to each officer, and the presence Of the party was reported to the chief of staff; by whom I was verbally ordered to send every one to the right wing, to report to Captain Fisher. While carrying out these instructions, I received written orders to send but 4 officers to Ohancellorsviile, and to hoI4 the reinsiuder ready to move forward when ordered to send them. 1 was also verbally instructed to send all the wire to Banks Ford, but shortly afterward received written orders to send 5 miles. Having no instrument to use upon the left, I sent 10 miles to Banks Ford, to be held in readiness for use either at Banks Ford or United States Ford. At lAS p. in., communicationby the signal telegraph was opened to General Reynolds headquarters. During the afterncon the telea& cope previously situated at the Phillips house was taken to the hill in front of General Sedgwicks headquar ters, and a telescope reconnaissance was made by Captaiii [James 8] Hall, and reported to General Sedgwict On this day I ceased to get reports from any officers upon the left wing of the army, as all reports were obliged to pass through the Phillips house, and the officers at that station weredirected to report direct to the chief of stat The reserve party having received no instructions, I applied for orders, and desired to send a party to Banks Ford, where I thought they might be of service. Upon my urgent request, I was allowed to send them there. Genersi Reynolds corps having been ordered to the right, the signal telegraph line was taken up, and the officers on duty? at the Seddon house were ordered to report for duty to Captain Babcock. Lieutenants ~phrsim Ad Briggs and [Isaac 84 Lyon reported this afternoon from as ing- ton. The flaginen intended for these officers had gone to Chancellors- vile early in the morning, but new men and equipments were immedi- ately furnished, and they were placed in good condition for instant service. The Morse operators were this morning placed upon the station at United btates Ford. Nay 2,1663.At daylight this morning the large telescope was re- established in its old position at the Phillips house. Lieutenant [Brink. erhoff It] Miner, with Lleut6nants [Martin] Denicke and Lyon, arrive Page 220 220 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Oxat mvm at B~nks Ford thismorning, and at 5.30 a. m. had stations ofobserva. tion and report established, ready to open communication sit any Urn. with the troops on the south bank of the Bappahannock, as they up- proached Banks Ford. This morning the signal telegraph line was ex- tended from the brick hone, proceeding toward Chancelloraville. This line was established satisfactorily, and would have been in good work- ing order, but the enemy having driven in a portion of our forces, in the conibsion of the retreat the line was broken, and great trouble was experienced in [re]establishing it. In the afternoon, signal communica- tion was desired from the Philips house to General Gibbons iaesdquar- ters,just back of Falmouth. Captain [Joseph I Gloskoski and Lieutenant [hank W.J Marston were ordered to establish this communication. The line was established, but was little used, as at U p. m. General Gibbon moved his headquarters to the Lacy house. This afternoon I forwarded to Lieutenant Wilson, who was in charge of the signal tele- graph near General Sedgwick, 3 miles ot wire, with instructions to cross the river with General Sedgwick and advance his wire, subject to such instructions as be might receive from General Sedgwick. At iuight I received orders to open communication with General Sedgwick, who had crossed the river. Captains [Charles S.] Kendall and Ball weie unceasing In their efforts to. establish this communication. The tele- graph line from Banks Ford to headquarters camp was to-day taken up, as the military telegraph had established its own line. (Jommuni- cation was still kept up, however, to United States Ford. Afay8, 1863.I had found it impossible, during the night previous, to open communicstion with the officers stationed with General Sedg- wick. Imagining for a moment that they were neglecting their duty, I was about to order their arrest, when I received the following dispatch, sent to me by orderly, which explained their failure to open the com- munication I was ordered to establish the night before: Oh THU MARCH, Ma~3, 18834 a. m. Captain CuamliG: General 8. has received an order from General Butterfiald not to use signals, as the enemy read them. What will we do? Let us know by the next orderly that comes to General Sedgwlek from headquarters. Gina PIERCE, bigni QjJle.r. In answer to which I sent the following by the orderly who brought the dispateh: Ma 3,18037.15 a. m. Captain Pianos: Use your cipher to send Important messages. TeU General Sedgwlck that messajes may be sent to him, giving him Information regarding positions of the enemy, which will imot aid the enemy much and may aid him. .1 have not seen General Butter- Acid, but send this from the Piiim~ house, where yonrordorly caught mc. SAMUEL T. CUSHING. As all the important dispatehes had heretofore been sent in cipher, and as General Butterfield had been informed by me some days l)revious that we had a cipher in our possession, I do not understand why this order was sent. Suffice it to say that it had a most disastrous effect npon signal duty during the day. General Sedgwicks confidence wau, of course, destroyed, and no representations would be sufficient to induce him to overlook an order. I directed Lieutenant Wilson to push his telegraph line across the river, at the Lacy house, and establish a line to General Sedgwicks headquarters. This line was pushed out to the outskirts of Fredericksburg, and opened communication, but as Genera Page 221 Ow. flEYli] THE CHANOELEOESYH.LE OAMPAIGN. 221 Bedgwick was constantly moving during the day, it was not much used. During the morning, Lieutenants [James B.] Brooks and [William H.j Hill were in a fine position in the oh~h tower in the city of Fredericks burg, and reported to General Sedgwick and the Phillips house. Jn the afternoon they moved forward to the heights. At 5p. in., all the troops having moved from the vicinity of this station, and it being very much exposed, .1 directed its discontinuance. Before these officers had time to leave, they were shelled by the rebels, who were rapidly regain- ing the pound they had lost in the morning. The rapidity of the move- ment caused a separation of the party, and Lieutenant Hill reported to me at the Phillips house. He there reported the facts of.the cane to Major [George F.] Barstow, assistant a4jutant-general, who had been sent to the Phillips house to ascertain the news. Captain Gloskoski and Lieutenant Marston [each] opened a station this morning upon the heights of Fredericksburg, butthey were not used. At 5.30 p. m. Lieu- tenant J& ome reported that his men had swam the river with their wire, and that he had established a ph station on the south bank of the river, near Banks Ford, with the line of skirmishers. This move ment, though bold and daring, was of no immediate importance, and the instruments and wire were brought back in the evening. May 4,1883.The enemy had occupied the hills of Fredericksburg at. an early hour this morning, driving Captains Babcock and Gioskoski and [Lieutenant Marston from. their stations. Lieutenant Marston re- turned to the P~lips house, and I immediately sent him to the ohief of staff to report matters. Captains Babcock and Gloskoski escaped toward General Bedgwick~ Communication by the signal telegraph was opened from the Phillips house to headquarters camp, forming an.: intermediate station. This station was available to communicate ob- servations to headquarters, and to communicate to :the Lacy house. The station in Fredericksburg was withdrawn this morning, as there was no one to report to, audi did not wish toleaveit there in a useless position; During th.e morning, General Sedgwioks forces being cut off from General Hooker and from Fredericksburg, it was of immense im~ portance that communication should be established with him. His orders prevented him from using his signal officers for that purpose. I was very much afraid no communication could be opened. It was impossible to send any orders to him countermanding the orders re- ceived two nights before, and it seemed impossible to call attention by signals until Captains Gloskoski and Babcock established a station near the Guest house, and near General Bedgwicks headquarters. These officers had not been informed of the order prohibiting the use of signals, and consequently opened communication. I considered the necessity of keeping communication open so great as to excuse me for ordering, on my own responsibility, that the station should be held .as long as possible. The same order was also given by General Bedgwick, and during the day this station was of eminent importance, as Cap. bin Hall and Lieutenant [Peter A.] Taylor at the Phillips houstkept General Bedgwick thoroughly informed of the movements of the enemy. These messages passed over the heads of the enemy, anti must have been of great assistance. Many important messages were sent by others in the same way. My directions were that all messages should be sent in cipher. This station was kept open until General Bedgwick was forced to retire from his position, and was for a long time exposed very much to the fire of the enemy. During the morning, the officers who had been stationed byte . at Banks Ford on the 1st of May had succeeded in opening communication with the extreme right of General Sedgwick, s Page 222 222 tm,w.n.,xn., AND PA. (Gear, Wilt the breaking up of communication upon the left did not prevent his comihunicating, as during the whole duiy he was in communication, either by Banks Ford or the Phillips house, with General Hooker. During the night his forces recrossed the river at Banks Ford and tobk position on this side, and communication ceased, by signal, near his command. Hag 5,1803.Captain Babpock having reported for further instruc- dons, I directed him to establish a line of stations of observation, and report upon the bank-of the river connecting Banks Ford with the Phillips house. This was found impracticable, as the enemy were closely picketing the other bank of the river, and no stations could be established which would not be in range of the shMpshcoters. The line would not have-been of enough importance to counterbalance such peril to the officers, so, upon such representation, I countermanded the order. The bridges near the Lacy house having been taken up during the pre vious night, and General Gibbon having removed his headquarters to the Phillips house, the telegraph station at the Lacy horn was broken - up, and but one station, that at the 1~hillips house, was kept open. Anticipating that the enemy might now attempt to cross at some point near Port ltoyal,I directed Captain Gloskoski and Lieutenant Marston to report to General Pleasonton, who, with a small force of cavalry, felt able -to hold the enemy in check for a time at any crossing he might attempt. One of the most furious storms of the season, commencing at 2p. in., prevented these stations from being useful until the next morn- ing. It also greatly damaged the telegraph lines, tearing the poles don, and greatly deranging the instruments. On the extreme right, Lieutenant Tuckerman, who was stationed at the brick house on the south side of the river, opening communication with Lieutenant JJohn E.j Holland, who was stationed at the chestnut tree near United States Ford, on the north side of the river, rendered efficient service. The right wing of the army was in motion, leaving its intrenchments to recross the river, when thabridges were swept away. No other communication. than that by signals was possible~ The heavy rainahad so swollen the - river that it was impossible to ford it. An order was sent by signals at Op. in. to suspend the movements until the bridges could be re- paired. The movements, by this order, were suspended until 1.20 a. in., May 6, when an order was sent by signal to continue the -movements again. Previous to establishing this communication, the anxiety to get the order across the river was so great that Lieutenant Holland had volunteeted to swim the river with dispatches. ItayG, 1863.By daybreak this morning the signal statioqs, telegraph lines, & c., on the south side of the river had been cafled in, and coin- munication completely abandoned. Captain Fisher ordered to camp all - - - the officers belonging to the reserve party, and directed the officers as- signed to corps to rejoin the corps to which they were attached. In order to keep up the lines of observation upon the banks of the river, I disected Captain Gloskoski and Lieutenant Marston to establish a station at Buckners Nqck, making reconnaissances to Port Conway, Captain Kendall and Lieutenant ltortescue at the Seddon house, and Lieutenants Hill and Brooks were to establish stations, at the Fitahugh house and Taylors Hill. Thus a complete line was again established, - - observing the country from Port Royal to Falmouth. Our pickets ex- tended from Falmouth to Banks Ford and beyond; so a long line of river was well watched. On the morning of May 7, the party was inspected and re-equipped and supplied, the telegraph wire from Banks Ford to United State Page 223 Cnx~. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 223 Ford was taken up and at once thoroughly repaired, the instruments were adjuste(l, and the party was soon ready fhr further service. On the morning of May 8, 1SGL3, I received instructions to send back to Washington the party which had reported on the 1st of May. During the movements of the army I was kept so busily employed upon the left wing of the army and in connection with the telegriph lines that I found it impossible to visit the right wing at all. For a report of the operations npou the right I would refer you to the reports of Capt. B. F. Fisher and other officers who served there. I am sorry to say that I received but very few reports from Captain Fisher during the entire engagement. The country was so densely wooded and so impracticable to signals that but little was done. The failure of reports and the removal of any method of obtaining in formation prevented me from intelligently performing my duties, and the meager information given me when I asked for it was very little calculated to aid me in managing the party When it is recollected that more than half the party engaged upon telegraph duty were new men, unaccustomed to the management of the lines, and who had joined the party but four da~ys before the movement commenced, and that I was obliged to execute orders givemi to me hur- riedly, by one who was unaccustomed to the special details of the serv- ice, and who, I am afraid, was not willing to acknowledge my capacity to perform my own duties, I am confident that the duties performed by the corps will compare favorably with those done by any other branch of the service. I would respectfully call the attention of the Chief i~ nal Officer to the accompanying reports of the officers of the corps. rflicjm. abihtv~ amid energy did much toward increasing the well-known goo(l cit aract ~r of the corps. I would, if I thought it consistent, mention the names of indi- viduals, but I (10 not (leemli it necessary to here introduce a roster of the corps. Where all behaved so well, it would be um~just to give (listinct praises. The casualties were as follows: Private Alexander McCohIin, severely wounded in the leg, requiring its amputation, from the etfrcts of which he has since died. Private James B. Duff, severely woun(led in the hip. Private 0-. II. Tousey received a flesh wound from a spent ball, which did not disable him from duty. I regret to rel)ort the loss of one set of star flags, which were captured by the enemy with Lient. F. W. Marstons private baggage. As these flags were not in use, I do not think that the enemy can properly claim to have captured any of our signal flags. I refer to the report of Lieu- tenant Marston for the circumstances of the capture. I am. sir, very respectfully, yom r obedient servant, SAMUEL rj~ CUSHING, Captain and Commissary of Subsistence. Col. ALBERT J. MYER, Chief Signal Olficer, Washington, D. C. No. 8. Report ~ Capt. James S. Hall, Fmfty-third Pennsylvania Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. - PHILLIPS HousE, May 9, 1863. SIR: The operations of Set F since the comumencement of the move- ment of the army, which has jn~~~ close(l, may be foun(1 below. On the 25th April, II received orders from Lientemiant-Colonel [Charle Page 224 224 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ona IflYIL H.] Morgan, chief of staff Second Corps, to ration my men and foroe 0. my hbrses for eight days, and to hold my detachment ready for service at any moment I did as directed, and was ready. April 27, I received the following order: I instructed by the commanding general t. direct that your detachment be in readiness to move at sunrise to-morrow, April 98. FRANCIS A. WALKER,. AaeIetmstAdjutat-G.mersL The same day I received a verbal orderfrom you directing me to re- main at the Phillips house to make observations of the movements, of the enemy and report the same to you at general headquarters, April 28, 29, and 30, your orders were complied with, but May 1 I ceased to report to you or communicate through you, in consequence of the following order, to wit: HUADQUAETUBs, Captain HaL, Sip.5 Q~cw: Mn l~ 1863. Telegraph direct to me reports of what you ob~rve. DANL. BUrFERFIELD, Muijoe-Geiweul sad Chief of Btqf May 1, was directed by you to open conunication with Tylers bat. tery station, which was done at once. At .4 p. m. was ord0red to take the large telescope, and reconnoiter the enemys position in front of General Sedgwick, south of Tylers Hill. I did so observations to General Sedgwick. , and reported my May 2, after reviewing the position of the enemy at that point and reporting it to General ~dgwick I returned to my own station, as per telegram to Captain Babcock. Was directed by General Butterfield to make triplicate reports of observation. We reported to General Sedg- wick, General Gibbon, and to General Butterfield. May 3, opened communication with General Sedgwick from court- house steeple and brown 6hurch steeple. As soon as troops advanced, opened communication with Lieutenants Bill Mid Brooks to the left of Telegraph road, and right of Plank road with Captain Gloskoski and Lieutenant Marston. Lieutenant Briggs was sent to assist us at this station. May 4, opened with General Sedgwick tbrough Captains Babcock and Gloskoski, when all other communication was cut off and the most intense excitement prevailed in officials in consequence thereof. Our success in this respect was marked, and everybody seemed to breathe more freely. In this instance we signally triumphed over the enemies of our corps, apd those who had ordered the signals not to be used were the first to avail themselves of our ready means of communication. The labors of Lieutenant Taylor and myself were incessant and ardu- ous. In addition to ourobservations and the sending and receiving of dispatches by signals and by telegtaph, M& jor-General Butterfield or- dered me to make consolidated reports.of our hourlyreports in the even- ing of each day. The importance of our position was evident from the solicitude with which Generals Butterfield, Sedgwick, Gibbon and others sought and obtained information from this point In order to make our dispatches certain in case of accident to our telegraph, Gen- eral Butterfield furnished me with monntedorderlies, who weresentin suck force as to enable meto report every five minutes, if necessary, and. I find by referring to my reports that less than five minutes intervened insending of some Page 225 Oar. flXflLi THE CHANCELLOESYILLE OAMPMGN~ 226 During the different days of the movement we communicated with eight different stations, and, by referring to the number of dispatches and reports sent and received, you will discover that no previous labor of a single set can compare with it. We feel confident that we ham done more actual signal labor than all the other officers in this move ment. The indefatigable labors of First Lient. P. A. Taylor, and his dis- patches and correctness in sending and receiving messages, challenge our admiration. It would be gross injustice did I fail to acknowledge the good con- duct of three of my menActing Sergeant Chamberlin, Corpl. L B. Goodenough, and Private 0. we Smith. They were always present, ready br duty, and did it. We have no better fiagmen in the corps. Of my own exertions in carrying out the desires of the chief signal officer and yourself for the welfare of the corps I have nothing to say, save that I endeavored to do my duty. Accompanying this report, please find the messages sent and re- calved from the 28th of April till the 5th of Msy, inclosed by myselt I have the honor to b~, very respeotfufly, your obedient servant, lAS. S. HALL, Captain and Acting Signal Officer, Commanding Set F. Capt Sxua T. CuinG, 0kW Signal Officer. No.9. Report o/IAest. Peter A. Taylor, Forty-ninth 7e~e York Infantry, Acting S#al Q~ce~ Pmans Housu, May 9,1868.. Sn: I have the honor to submit the following report of sijinal duty performed by me during the recent engagements at Fredericksburg and vicinit.v: April 28.Received verbal orders from you to remain at the Phillips house station, make observations of the enemy~s movements, and open communications with stations to be established. April .29.Opened communication with Captain Kendall and Lieu- tenant Fortescue at General Sedgwicks headquarters on hill opposite first bridge below the city April 30.Received verbal orders from you to report.observations to General Sedgwick and yourselt hay 1.In accordance with orders received by Captain Hall, com- manding Set F, from Major-General Butterfield, chief of staff; reports of observations were made direct to him, and copies of same sent by signals to Major-General Sedgwick and by telegraph to General Gibbon. May 2.Making and reporting observations to Generals Butterfield, Sedgwick, mid Gibbon. May 3.Opened communication with station established in the city of Fredericksburg, with Lieutenants Brooks and Hill in the court-house steeple, and Capt. E. C. Pierce in a church steeple, communicating through them with Generals Sedgwick and Gibbon. Our forces on this day captured the heights in rear of the city; the stations in the city were VNotfouand 15 B KVOL flY, PT Page 226 226 [Own. IXIVIL ~ Immediately advanced; opened with Lieutenants Brooks and EU, on second range of hills near the Telegraph road, and with Captain Glos. koski near the Dahlman house. hag 4,6.45.. aDiscovered the advance of the enemy upon the heights in rear of the city, and in the rear of General Sedgwick, ad immediately reported to Generals Butterfield and Gibbon. By this movement of the enemy, all communication with General Sedgwick was cut ot At 8.15 a. in., opened communication with General Sedgwick through Captains Babcock and Gloskoski at station established about 10 miles from the city, sending and receiving messages over the heads of the enemy in intrenchments near the city. Communicated to Gen. eral Sedgwick the movement and force of enemy in his rear, and sent, by signal, to him orders from general headquarters. Repcrted obser. mUons made during the day to Generals Butterfield, Sedgwick, and. Gibbon. With the day, closed all signal communication with the other. side of the river. May 5,6, and 7.Communication kept up with Captain Kendall, and Lieutenant Fortescue, at station of observation below the city, and my. self; observing and reporting movements of the enemy. For copies of messages sent and received, I respectfully refer you to the accompanying parcel. Some of the observations made by me were taken don and dispatched by Captain Hall, and will appear in his report I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. A. TAYLOR, Lieutenant and Acting Signal Officer. Capt S& xuuL T. Cusmn, Chief Signal Officer, Army of the Potomac. No. 10. Report of Lient. lontain Wilson, ff(fth Peutsglvanla Reserves, Acting Signal Officer. SIGNAL TELEGRAPH TRAIN, May 10, 1868. Sn: I have the honor to submit the following report of my opera. tions in this department from the 28th ultimo to the 6th instant: By orders from Capt Samuel T. Cushing, the train in my charge was run down to Franklins Crossing, and communication opened with Major. General Sedgwick. I reported to General Sedgwick on the evening of the 28thultimo. The line worked remarkably well, scarcely any inter. ruptionoccurring. On the 39th, by order of Captain Cushing, the wire was extended to General Reynolds headquarters, about 2 miles below. This line was taken in on the 1st instant, after General Reynolds had moved to our right On the 3d instant, General Sedgwick having advanced and taken poe. session of Fredericksburg, Captain Cushing ordered communication to be established with him by running the wire into Fredericksburg from the Phillips hduse. A station was consequently established in Fred. ericksbnrg, but, owing to General Sedgwicks advance on the Orange road, but little communication was had with him. Not foun Page 227 dna. flitiLl TEE CRAITOELLOESYILLU CAMPAIGN. 227 On the 4th1 the enemy re-took the heights in rear of Fredericksburg, and re-occupied part of the town. I deemed itprudent to withdraw the. instrument and train to the opposite bank of the river, in order to save the material in case the enemy advanced rapidly into the town. The instrument was taken back to the place in a short time afterward, but as all communication with General Sedgwick or his corps was cut oft it rendered no service worth speaking of. About Op. in., the station was re-established near the Lacy house, by order of the a4jutant ci the corps, where it remaine4 until the 5th instant when it was with- drawn by order of Captain Cuahing, and the wire taken upto the Phil- lips house. I remained, at the station at the Phillips house until the 6th, when I was ordered to report to this caffip. The almost constant working of the line was owing greatly to the substantial manner it was put up by Sergeant Bunlick. The operators, Privates Hough, rAsron] Levy, and Fribling, also worked faithfully. With great respect, your most obedient servant. F. WILSON, .flret IAesteisatasd Acting Signal Officer. lient. Wx. S. STErna, AEjutmnt, Signal Oo.~n. No. 11. Report of Capt. Benjau.in F. Fisher, Third Pennagleania Reserves, Act ing Officer. Csxr nix FhLxouTH, Va., Nay 9, 1863. Sm: I have the honor in accordance with the circular issued from your office, bearing date !& fay 7,1863, to submit the following report of signal duty performed during the late movement by the officers con- nected with that part of the army that concentrated in the vicinity of Chancelloreville: The officers with the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Fifth Army Corps ac- companied their respective corps in the detour across Kellys and Elys Fords, but had very little opportunity to render any service save at the crossing of the Bapidan River, where they opened communication be- tween the different banks, under the direction of Captain Castle. Ire- ported upon April 28 to General Couch, the senior general; he was then in the vicinity of Banks Ford. Selected stations in the event of crossing at that point April 29.We moved to United States Ford; established two sta, lions, to wateh for the advance of the column coming don the river. April 80.The enemy abandoned their works opposite the United States Ford. About lOt. in., the advance was seen upon the opposite side, and we formed a junction with them at Chanceilorevilie. Kay 1.Reported to Genernil Hooker, who arrived and assumed coin- inand in person; established a station If miles east of Chancellorsville, upon a tree; used it as a station of observation, but the advance fail- ing back~, I was compelled to abandon it. Captain Castle connected the extreme right of our army with General Howards headquarters. Saturday, Kay tMyparty was augmented by the rival of Captain [Frank N] Wicker,. Lieutenants [William J.LGalbraith, [S. Careyj Tuckerman, and Holland, from Washington. Expecting the army to. advance toward Fredericksburg, I issued orders for the establishment of stations at Banks Ford, the Decker hone, Dr. Hestons, the scat fold erected the day before, and at Mr. Smiths, near Tabernacle Church Page 228 228 t vi., w. vi., a, in Pt Kiw. Ixivif. also at the heights near United States Ford, and upon the heights oppo- site our extreme left, and with the batteries upon the left. The officers had their instructions to advance with the army end successively occupy these stations as the points came into our possession. Saturday aftkr- noon, I ordered out two parties upon special duty. During the battle we could render no service, on account of the country being covered with forests. The stations along the river were kept constantly in readiness to be worked when necessity required. They were very op. portune when the army fell back. The bridge having been swept away, they were the only means of communication between the general com- manding the army and the corps commanders, titeformer being oU the north bank of the river and the latter upon the south batik. The casualties in the party were as follows: Private Duff, shot through the thigh; Private McUollin, shot through the leg, below the knee; Ptivate Tousey, struck in the back with a spent ball. I take plessure in calling attention to the energy displayed by Cap. tam Castle; also to the faithful service performed by Lieptenant Tucker. man, who remained upon the south bank of the river, keeping open the communication until the bridges were about to be taken up, when he recrossed to the north bank. I would also mention for faithful and gallant service, Privates Duff and Stone, and Corporal [Samuel] Cart- ledge. The- signal telegraph was energetically cauied forward and worked successfully by Lieutenant Jerome until he reached the brick house upon the south bank of the nver, at United States Ford, from whence it was carried forward by my order to a point near General Hookers headquarters. Captain J3eardaleo had charge there, and proved himself an energetic officer in taking it to the frontand bring- ing it safely to the rear again without any loss of any moment. In dosing this teport, I would call the attention of the signal officer to the that that, while we gained some snacess, and did some service In this late movement~ the corps is distrusted, and considered Rusafe as a means of transmitting important messages. It is well known that the enemy can read our bignals when the regular code is used, and it is equally evident to the minds of all who have had anything to do with interpreting ciphers that our cipher is unsafe and cannot be trusted. Had our code been changed, as called for by me when 1 had the honor of being the acting chief signal officer of this army, our success would have been unprecedented in the late movement. It is due tci the service, it is due to the corps, It is due to the Army of the rotomac, that the code I.e immediately changed. In anew code 1 have more confidence than iii the present cipher, and until the officers are sufficiently versed in It.to use it freely, it cain be hsed in the same manner as the cipher is. I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, B. F. P18111111, Captain and Acting Siguai Officer. Lient. Wx. S. Snnn, A4jutant, tiignai Corps. No.12. Report of Capt Frederick B. Beardalee, Assistant Quartermaster aud Actiug L4igaai Officer. MAr 10, 1883. Sm: I have the honor to submit the following report: On the 27th of April, I started and put up a line from these head Page 229 Ow. xXxvxLl THE CHANCELLoBSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 229 quarters to Banks Ford, splicing on to the Fifth Corps line about 1 mile from camp and running out 7 miles of ~iire, tine station being opened that nigLt. Lieutenant Jerome relieved me at thestation in the evening, and I returned to camp. The same lime a line was run out by Lieutenant Wilson down the river to Tylers Hill, via Phillips house, which station I opened the next morning. For the Anther movement of the line on the left, under Lieutenant Wilson, 1 respectfully refer you to his (Lieutenant Wilsons) report. The 28th if April, the Belle Plain line was broken up and sei~t to Lieutenant Jerome, to extend his line to United States Ford, but~ not having time to repair it, a great deal of trouble was occasioned by leakage. eipecially during.a heavy rain, which would have been entirely avoided if it had been repaired. On the 29th of April, the Fifth Corps line was taken up, and the line from BanksFord extended to United States Ford, 9 mites distant, but communication was not opened until 9 p. m., owing to the lightning, during a heavy storm that day, entering the instrument at United States Ford and discharging the magnetism in the vibrating magnet that moves the needle, which I soon, however, re-charged, and the station worked well. That night received o$ers to turn over the line to the military telegraph line, the order probably arising from the ope-. rators at United States Ford sending messages with the time they were written, and not the time they were received by that station, although there were several hours difference in the time. The military telegraph operators had considerable difficulty in work- ing the line, and when it reined hard they could hardly send a message, on account of the leaks on the line. The morning of the 30th, returned to headquarters, and on Saturday, 2d May, having received 15 miles of new wire on the 1st, started with 10 miles of wire to the Banks Ford station, and run a line from there to the river, 14 miles, and opened a station there; Lieutenant Jerome ar- riving there in the niorning. I then received orders from the command- ing general, through Captahix Fisher, to run a line from United States Ford to Ohaucellorsvihle, and sent Lieutenant Jerome with miles of wire to put up fine line, but was soon ordered to keep Lieutenant Jerome at Bainka Ford, and to go to the United States Ford myseZ which I did, arriving tlnere about 4.30 p.m., and found the line run out about lj miles front the brick house at Utnited States Ford. Lieutenant Jerome and myself went to find headquarters, but when near there the Eleventh Corps broke and ran down the road, the line was coming up, and, noir knowing how far they were up, [went back to get the wagons out of the road, as tennis, & c., were moving down on a full gallop. The in- strument was got out and tried, but no communication, as the teamt that were hurrying downknocked down the poles, and when they stalled on the road trees were cut down in which the wire was placed, thus breaking it. I then moved down the road for the purpose of relaying the wire, which could not be done until about 3 a. m. The next morn-. Ing, the 3d May, as tbe road was very bad and full of teams and sing- glen, the line was opened about 8.30 a. m. of the 3d, 1 mile from head- quarters. I wastold to remain there. The station worked well all the time we were there, sending seventy messages and receiving about double that number. The afternoon of the 5th instant, had a heavy thunder-storm, the lightning striking the wire and affecting one of theinstruments at the old headquarters the same way that It did at United States Ford; otherwise everything worked well. That night, moved down one-half mile to open station, as the aimy was falling back, but the line was again broken by the troops as they fell back. We we Page 230 280 N. VA., W. va.1 MD., AND PA. [Viva. xxxvii. crossed the river the next morning, taking all but three-quarters of a mile of wire, which was broken in many places, and the roads being so crowded I was unable to take it up. I would particularly mention Pd. rates C. H. Davy and H. W.Fulton, who were with me at United States Ford. Being called from BanksFord, they did their duty nobly, and sent mes~ages rapidly and correctly. All the men in the whole detach- ment did their duty well, and I have no complaints to make, except in the case of Braun, who refused to carry an important message when the line was broken, and positively refused to obey my orders; he is now under charges. I am happy to say he was not one of the old party, but reported with Lieutenant Jerome a short time since. On the 7th instant, the United States Ford line was taken up. The Banks Ford line was taken up on the .2d instant, as the regular tele- graph had put up a line to that point that day. At present, the only line up is from headquarters to the Phillips house. Great deal of trouble was occasioned by careless teamsters and sol- diers breaking the line, and, although a guard was placed along the whole line from headquarters to United States Ford, the line was fre- quently broken. I would respectfully recommend that 3 or 4 pack-mules, or 1 to every train, be used, as they would be very useful to take wire andrations to distant stations, as was the case at United States Ford, when no wagons were allowed to go up there. Fwould also recommend that the six old instruments we have here be used at the camp of instruction, George- ton? D. 0., and six new instruments, with bell attachments, be sent here in their place. The six old Instruments referred to work every way as well as they ever did, but the new instruments are so much better made that they would work much better here in the field, while the old instruments would be well adapted to the use of new beginners. For the working of the lines on the center and left, at Banks Ford and the left wing, I respectfully refer you to the reports of Lieutenants Jerome, Wilson, and Stone. The number of messages sent on the various stations were: Head- quarters, 10791 of which wore returned to Generals Williams and But- terfield, at their request; Banks Ford, 120; United States Ford 109; General Sedgwicks headquarters, 216; General Reynolds heaciquar- tars, 47from April 28 to May 6 1863 Total, 599. All the officers with me deserve great credit for tLe good working of the various sta- tions, asit was a duty entirely new to them, and there is no fault to find with their management. Very respeotfufly, your obedient servant, F. B. BEABDSLEE, Captain and Acting Signal Officer, Cossdg. Deteoknsemt. First Lient. Wx. S. 8n~nu, A4jstant, Signal Corps. No. 18. Report of Capt Davis B. Castle Kinetenti. Indiana In/nfl, Acting Signal QFw~ CAMP nAn Bnoons STAflON, Bay 8, 1863. SIn: I have the honor to submit the following report of signal duty performed by me during the late movement: I received orders Sunday, April 26, from General Howard, command- lsports of Jorojue and Stone not foun4 Page 231 CHAP. XXXFH.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 231 ing Eleventh Corps, to prepare for an early march the ensuing morning. I prepared the party, consisting of 1 lieutenant, myself, and 4 flaginen, with full equipments, ready for immediate service, both by (lay and night signals. The march commenced t ~ a. in. the 27th of April, the head of the column camping at night ~ miles soi.ithwest of Hartwood Church. On the 28th, marched to Kellys Ford. At 4 p. in. was ordered by 0-en- eral Howard to reconnoiter with my glass the country opposite, and report all movements, if any, of the enemy, and all that could be seen on the south side of the river. Reported nothing but few cavalry pickets in view. Kept a watch until dark. The i)ontoon bridges were then placed, and 1 crossed at head of column, leaving an officer with flagmen on north side to communicate with other corps (Twelfth and Fifth), if necessary. At the Rapidan River, Germanna Ford, Generals Slocum and Howard asked my assistance in establishing communication across the river whenever our troops secure(l a crossing. Finding General Slocuins chief signal officer near the ford, stated the wishes of Generals Slocuin and Howard, when he immediately crossed the river, and in a few minutes communication was opened 1 mile back from the banks of the river. Communication by this line was kept open until both corps (Twelfth and Eleventh) had crossed, which was not accomplished until after midnight. April 30.Arrived at Locust Grove, on Fredericksburg and Culpeper Plank road, 1~ miles we~t of Chancellorsville, at 4 p. mu. I tried un- mediately to open communication by signal to Chancellorsville, Gemmeral Hookers headquarters, but as the only line that could be opened was in the road, and that constantly filled with troops, was obliged to aban- don it. Saturday, May 2.Early this a. m. established a station on the Chan- cellorsville road, and 1 mile from General Howards headquarters, with the intention of opening communication to General Hookers headquar- ters, but as the Eleventh Corps received orders about this tinie to move to the left, withdrew the station, after using it about one hour. On arriving at Chancellorsville the corps was sent back to their old position. About 11 a. in., was sent by General Howard toward turnpike crossing, to watch the movements of the enemy, who were moving westerly on road running parallel with Plank road, and sonic 2 mailes south of same. I immediately established a station at Little Wilder- ness, our extreme right, communicating with General howard at Locust Grove, receiving all orders and reportimig constantly all movements of the enemy as I could see them from my position. At 4.30 p. in. the rebel vedettes or patrol made their al)pearance, and were tired at by our advance pickets, which I reported to General Howard. At ~ p m the main force of the enemy swept down upon us cm masse. M~ st ~tmon was in direct line of their guns; moved it a little, but impossible to get out of range. In less than a quarter of an hour after th% ni ide thur first appearance in force, they were within 40 rods of my 4 utmon A shell exploded at this time at our feet by the station, wounding Pmm~ ite MeCollin. My flagman was obliged to abandon the station but not until I had reported the movements of the enemy as far as 1 knew them. Collecting my equipments, returned to Lieutenant Keens sta- tion, at Locust Grove. TIme enemy pursued so close that Lieutenant ~Charles XV.] Keen [Jr.] had barely time to secure his equipments crc they were upon us. In Sundays battle I was unable to do any signal- ing, but acted as staff officer. On Monday, sent Lieutenant Keen down the river to a position opp Page 232 282 N. Vt, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Oni. XflVfl. site, .where tbe enemy opened a battery upon (ho wagon train and bce. pitat on the north side of river, to report movements of the enemy at rio ospital, south side, by signal, if possible; also tried to open communication with our extreme left, from General Howards right, but was unable to do so. Tuesday, did no signaling, but remained where could be found in case was needed. Of the tiagmen of this party, would say they behaved well. Alexander MoCollin, a bravo and good man, always ready to do the duty assigned him, 1 aux grieved to say, lot a leg early in the engagement of Saturday. Very respeotfuily, your obedient servant, D; H. CASTLE, 0mm SIGNAL Wmk*sgton, D. 0. Ho. 14. Report of Lint Join. .3. Roilaesd~ ThArty.aiatk Indies. Infantry, Acting Ssgss.l Qjker. FALMounI, VA., May 8,1863. Sin: I have the honor to submit the following report: On Saturday, May 2,1863,1 was ordered to open a station at chest. nut tree, near Mrs. Burtons house, to communicate with the left or our army. 1 remained there until I received orders from Captain Fisher to leave the place. I. n Sunday, May 3,1 opeued communication with Lieutenant Tuck. erman, at the brick house on opposite side of river, near United States Ford. which was kept up until our army recrossed the river, who.. it wits broken up by order of Captain Fisher. The following are some of. the most important messages transmitted and received by me: MAx 6,1863I) p. m. Generals Coucn, Swami, or Main: Suspend movements for hour or two. Trouble at the bridges. Acknowledge. HOOKER, (JeweL Ma 5,186310.30 p. m. General Hoonut: Received dispatch to suspend movements. GEO. U. MEADE. Mar 6,186310.40 p. m. General Hoonut: My artillery has all gone. No. Infantry move en my line or Reynolds!. We will wait further orders. I will communicate with Sickle, sad try to find Qonch and Slocu.an. GRO. U. MEADE, Mqjw.Gewal. Ma 6,18631*0 a. a. General CoucH: The general desires to know the pcdtion and condition of stain now. DANL. BUflERFIELD, Miujw4en Page 233 GNAW. flflILJ THE OHANOELLOESYILLE CAMPAIGN. 2118 Hoping 2at this may meet with your approval, .1 have the honor to remain, your obedient servant, flrfl Lint. ~ttyei.ti& mucus you. JWELHOLLAfl, Capt Saua T. (JusifiNG, Chief Signal Officer. No. 15. It~t of Liente. John C. Wirn~ Third Jew Jereeg Infantry,71 K. earl Camp, Fourth H Infantry, Acting Signal is. SIGNAL STATION, Near Fitehigh Hone, May 9, 1863. SIn: We have the honor to submit the following report of.sigual duty performed by us since the 4th ultimo: On Saturday, April 4, we reported by your orders to Brig. (Mn. 3.1. Reynolds, commanding First Army Corps, then in camp near Belie Plain. Sunday, 12th, we received the cipher code front you, and on Monday, 13th, our set was inspected by Captain Cushing. On Thursday, 16th, Private OHara reported to Lieutenant Camp In plaiteof Ludlow, a two years man. On Friday, 17th, Private Ludlow reported to depot camp. April 28, broke up camp and moved down in the neighborhood of the Fitzliugh house, preparatory to crossing next day. April 29, established communication from General Reynolds head- quarters, on a lxiii near Wolcutts Mills, to General Sedgwicks head. quarters, where they (I) connected with the signal telegraph trains- transmitted some messages of importance. In the a. m. General Wadsworths division crossed the river. April 30, the line was still more effective, and in time afternoom was run under a heavy fire; A rebel signal torch was visible in the even- ing, but could not see their foot-light.- consequently took no messages. May 1, the signal telegraph arrived at our station at 1 p. in., when we broke up our flag station. An order from General Hooker, dated Cbancellorsville, 11.30 a. in., not received until 5p. m. May 2, moved to Ohancellorsville, via United States Ford. Arrived there late in the afternoon, and attempted, by Captain Fishers ordqs, to establish communication with the front Lieutenant Camp, going out as far as possible, reported the line impracticable. May 3, we spent in reconnoitering as far as possible, reporting toGen- cml Reynolds - the densely wooded character of the country rendering this station of observation a very unsatisfactory one. May 4, we tried it again in front of General Robinsons command, taking our glasses and going outside of our lines, but nothing satisfac tory could be disbovered.. May 5, in the evening, we were ordered by General Reynolds to dis- cover the extent and direction of the enemys fires, and in the deepest darkness we went nt until we could plainly see their picket fires, anti accomplished our object to the satisfaction of the general. We com- menced the movement to recross the Rappahannook River at 2 a. a. on 6th of May, pitching our tents at the Wallace mansion about Up. in Page 234 284 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (Own. milL Thprsday, 7th of May, we received orders to mom don the river with First Corps and establish a station near the Fitahugh house, which we did on the next day (May 8). Very respectfully, your obedient servantsw N. HENRY CAMP, Lieutesa.ste m.d Acting Signal. Q~nra. flout Wx. S. STnnu, Adjstantj Signal. (Joip. e No. 16. Report of IAewt Olsen.. W. Keen, Jr., Tscenty.efrtl. PennsylvanIa In- fantry, A6tisg Signal Officer. Nra Bxoons STAnoN, VA., May11, 1863. Sn: I have the honor to forward the following report of the duties performed by me in the late movement, being with Captain Castles detachment, General Howards command, Eleventh Army Corps: We received orders on Sunday, April 26, to be prepared to move at an early hour on Monday morning. April 27, camped about 2 miles southwest of Hartwood Church; no opportunity occurring to use signals. April 28, arrived at Kellys Ford; was stationed on heights near to the RappahannockRiver,to communicate with other corps, if necessary. Remained at station until the infantry had crossed, and then rejoined Captain Castle on the opposite side. April 29, moved on toward Rapids River; arrived about 7p. in., and crossed about 12, midnight. April 30, arrived at Locust Grove,2 miles west from Chancellorsville. May 1,1 was sent to open communication with General Hookers headquarters, but found it was impossible at that time, the road being filled with troops. May 2, tried again to open communication with Chancellorsillie, but did not succeed owing to the station at General Hookers headq.uarters. not being established. About 12 m. opened a station at Locust Grove, General Howards headquarters, to communicate with Captain Castle, at Little Wilderness. Was in communication constantly until 6p. in., when the enemy made a sudden attack on the right, driving our forces back, and causing Captain Castle to abandon his station. On his ar- $val at my station, he ordered me to pack my equipments immediately, as the enemy were advancing rapidly. I had barely secured my kit when the enemy were upon us. Remained with General Howard that night May; remained with Captain Castle at headquarters, being unable to do any signaling. May 4, was ordered to reconnoiter the north bank of the river (Rap. pahannock),and, if possible, open communication with the left of our forces, then resting on the river. Proceeded down the river bank about 2 miles, but could find no position suitable, the country affording no facilities for signaling, being level and thickly wooded. I discovered three pieces of artillery, belonging to the enemy, hidden between a house and an outbuilding on the opposite side of the river, and reporte Page 235 Qua. IflYIL] THE (XFIANOELLOESnLLE CAMPAIGN. 285 the same to~ Lieutenant.Colonel [Loui~J Schirmer, chief of artillery, Eleventh Army Corps. May 5, remained at signal station, at United States Ford, with Cap- tain Untie, in readiness, if wanted. May 0, the army having recrossed th quarters, Eleventh Corps. e river, I returned to camp head- Yours, very respectfully, Lint. (Jo. H, CHARLES W. KEEN, Ja, Twentg-eia,th Regt.P. Foit, and Actg. Big. Offi 0mw SIGNAL OPPICEE, Amp of the Potomac. Xe. 17. Repirt of Lint. Martin Deniolee, Gus. hundred and Thirty-second Verne Fork Iwfantrij, Acting Bipal Officer. FALxouTH, VA., Stay 7,1863. Sn: In compliance with your order, I have the honor to submit the following report of services rendered by me from April 30 to the 6th instant, having left camp of instruction, Georgetown, D. C., on the 30th of April, by order of Captain Nicodemus, commanding camp, with instructions to report to Capt. Samuel T. Cushing, chief signal officer, Army of Potomac, for duty: .Falmouth, Va., hag 2,1863,2 & m.Arrived at 4 a. in., yesterday; Lieutenants Miner, Lyon, and myself received orders to proceed to Banks Ford, and report to General Benham, commanding at the ford, arriving there at 4 a. in., and opened several points of observation, the results of which were reported to Generals Benham and Tyler and Colonel Stuart. The following are some of the observations reported: Heard occasional cannonading in the direction of United States Ford all day. Heavy volumes of smoke over woods In same direction. Three lines of rifle.pits on hills opposite Banks Ford, with about 500 rebel infantry. Enemys rile-pits and redoubts constructed along the hills facing the river, for at least a mile. Their rufle.pits were heavily picketed. Banks Ford, Stag 3, 1863, 6 a. aHeavy musketry and artillery [firing] in direction of United States Ford. 11 a. m.Heavy cannonading in direction of Fredericksburg. 11.30 a. aFiring in rear of Fredericksburg approaching; nothing to be seen on account of dense smoke. 1.30 p. aA rebel force, consisting of from 5,000 to 6,000 infantry, a section of artillery, and two squadrons of cavalry, marching at double- quick in direction of Ohancellorsville Enemys vedettes in sight. Sp. m.Onr infantry coming from Fredericksburg, driving the enemy out of their rifle-pits. 5.30p. m.Our infantry again move forward, driving in the enemys pickets. 6p. aOur engineers Just commencing to throw a pontoon bridge across the river below the ford. While at this station I had occasion to give information to com- mander of a battery of eight pieces regarding position of tho enemy. 6p. mn.Received orders from General Benhana to report for duty to Mu~Jor-Geueral Sedgwick on field of battle. The bridge not being fin Page 236 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CRAP. XXX VJL ished, I crossed in small 1)oat, leaving my horses behind. Found Gen- eral Sedowick about 2 miles from the ford, on the Fredericksburg Plank road, en gaging the enemy, their line of battle running nearly parallel with the river. General Sedgwick was well satisfied to have me with him, as all his signal officers lla(l been detained on the Fredericksburg Heights that day. here 1 had occasion to capture 8 of the enemy. Attempted to open (omnulnicatioll with Lieutenant Miners station, north side of river, from three different points, but was each time driven oft by the enemy. May 4, 6 a. in., field of batUe.Opened communication with Lienten- ant Miner, still stationed at Scotts house. The following is a list of some of the messages sent and received by me: MAY 4, 1863. General BENJIAM: I wish the second bridge laid close by the first one; and do not open on those woods for the present. J. SEDGWJCK, Major- General. 10A.M. General HOoIER: The enemy are pressing on me. I am takin position to cross the river whenever necessary. J. SEDGWICK, Major- General. 12 M. Generals hOOKER and BUTTERFIELD: Genera] Howe has had a sharp fight, and has taken a flag and 200 prisoners. J. SEDG-W1CK, ]Ilajoi- General. ScoTTs I-lousy 9p a General SEDOwIcK: The eneniv are in some force in my front. Can I be of service by openin~ on them TYLER, General. 2.05 p M. General TYLER: Use your own judgment in the matter. J. SEDGWJCK, Major-General. 2.40 P.M. General TYLER: Please come over ar(l see me. J. SEDGWICK. SCOTTS HOUSE2.45 p. 170. General SEDGWICK I am coining. TYLER, General. SCOTTS HoUSE3 p. in. General SEDGWICK: I will have#the bridge done by ~.30 oclock. BENHAM, General. AT LACY hOUSE, NEAR FREDERICKSBURG. Colonel TOLLES, Assistant Quartermaster: Did our and General Newtons wagons get over safely? If so, send up the light wagons of Generals Newton and Sedgwick to Banks Ford, to wait there. Cajdain ane~ Aide-de-Canej. 2:3 Page 237 Ow. ZflVfl.J THE CHANOELLORSVHaLE CAMPAIGN. 237 Capt L ~. Tan Divisiox, SIXTH Conn4 p. in. TILLUr, Qusflerssaeter te General Rests: General Newton directs that you send t& . light wagons near Banks Ford, and re port here when you get there. ~. RUSSELL, JR., 4e.Iflst AdJ utaut-Geu. eraL LiOr. x. Brig. (len. HENry 3. HuNT: (JkIof,/ Arlifler,: Your dispatch it Just received. Have communication with Generat Sedgwick. 11. 0. TYLER, BrIged$er-Garal. Communication was kept up all day withoutany interrupticn. Though inconvenienced considerably by the enemys fire, I was not compelled to abandon my station. Messages were sent and received with great rapidity. Placed Lieu- tenant Lyon on a house, a mile toward the ford, from where he could distinctly see Lieutenant Miners stktion. I did this to prevent signal communication from being broken, in case I should have been forced to abandon my station; 8 p. m.Our forces being now withdrawn, I recrossed the river with them. May 6,11.. aReported for fuither orders to Captain Cushing, at Falmouth, Va. Remarks: Lost haversack for signal equipments, containing shades, shears, wicking, and funnel, while onfield ot battle, by the breaking of the strap. It is my humble opinion that the black haversacks now in use are made of too weak material. I think leather would be a good substitute. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, If. DENICKE, Second L.entcsa4 Acting Signal Officer. Capt. SxuzL T. CuemNG, 0kW Signal Officer. Army of the Potomac. No. 18. Report of Lieu.. law & Lyon, Eleventh Connecticut Infantry, Acting Q~ flAK FREDERIOKSBURG, VA., May 8, 1863. Sm: I have the honor to intake the following report of services ren- dered as acting signal officer during the late engagement near Fred- ericksburg, Vt: Having reported from (ieorget9n to the headquarters of the Signal Corps, near Fredericksburg, Vt, on the evening of May 1,1863, I pro- ceeded on the following morning with two other officers to Banks Ford, 5miles above Falmouth,on tJme north side of the Itappahannock. Timers we opened a station of observition through the day, thoughour object more especially was to open communication with the advance forces of General Hooker when he should nuccied in during the enemy down the river. Thin object was not effected, by reason of our forces unde Page 238 288 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHar. iriva Ge& ieral Hooker not advancing as was anticipated; yet observations of rebel pickets and movements of detached bodies of the enemy were made. On the following morning (May 8), I proceeded to and established a station at Ball s house, 3 miles farther up the river, so as to form complete signal communication between Banks Ford and General Hookers headquarters. This same evening I returned to Banks Ford. Next morning, accompanied by Lieutenant Denicke, I proceeded across the river, and established communication between General Sedg- wicks extreme front and Lieutenant Miner, at Banks Ford, near to which were General Tylers forces. At this station several very im- ponant messages were exchanged, among which are the following: General BUNHAM: General Sedgwick wishes aother bridge thrown across the river near the one already don. Qeimersi Hoona: The enemy are pressing me. I am taking position to cress the river whenever necessary. SEDGWIOK, Geawd. I remained on this station, or on one near by, which overlooked very much of the surrounding country, till the forces of General Sedgwick retired across the river, when I returned to the station at Banks Ford. Being hotly shelled at this point in the evening, our party of three retired one-half a mile to the rear, from whence we reported to head. quarters of Signal Corps, near Fredericksburg, on the morning of May 6,1868. During this march and service, no public property under my charge was lost or destroyed. I am, dear sir, your obedient servant, I. S. LYOI, Second List. Bleveuth (Jon. Vole. and Acting Signal OJlcer. Captain CusifiNG, Chief Signal Officer Army of the Potomac. No. 19. Report of Capt Paul Babcochjr., Seventh New Jersey Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. CAm oiv Paean PANTY, May 8, 1863. Sm: I have the honor to submit the following report of signal duty during the late movement of the Army of the Potomac: At 6 a. in., April 29, I received an order from Captain Gushing, chief siknal officer, to proceed to the left, and ascertain what wesbeing done and what needed. I immediately went to Tylers Hill, where I found Lieutenant Wilson with the signal telegraph in working order, connect- ing hesdquarters of the army with headquarters of the left wing. At 9 a. m. I found Captain Kendall on hill to left of Tylers battery, con- necting by signals the Philiips house with the Fitahugh house, and through it with the Seddon house and a station near Buckners Neck. All these stations having been established by Captain Cushing the day before, and being in working order, making a line of communications Page 239 O3~r. mvi~i flE OHANOELLORSVILLK OAMPAIGN. 289 report, and observations of about 20 miles in length, and being estab. lished on the very best points for each and all of these objects, I saw nothing to alter, nothing I could better, and telegraphed to Oaptaln Oushing to this effect. At 9.80, Lieutenant Wiggins met me at the tele- graph station, and reported that General Reynolds had crossed the river abpnt 3 mile below; and desired communication with General Bedp. wick whose headquarters were about one-half mile in rear of Captain KenJails station. I immediately telegraphed to Captain Oushing a plan for opening this communication, and received, at 9.45 a. in., author. ity from him to establish anyline required by using any officers I could find. At 10 a. in. the communication between Generals Reynolds and Sedgwick was opened by Lieutenant Wiggins opening with Captain Kendall, from whom I had the messages carried by orderlies to General Sedgwick. This line proved of the utmost Importance. It was used constantly by Generals Sedgwick, Reynolds, Butterfield, and Newton, and many division and brigade commanders. Captain Kendalls sta- tion, being on a point which overlcoked the entire battle-field of the left wing, was pften made the headquarters of General Sedgwick, who com- manded the entire force on the left. While there, or near there, as he was during the entire fight up to Sunday morning, he was in direct. communication with the headquarters of the fly by signal telegraph, and with the Phillips house, the Fitahugh house, t3eddon house, a Buckners Neck by signals, and had on the hill a station of Observation reporting constantly to him every movement of his own or the enemys troops. At his request I had established this last-named station of ob- servation by ordering Captain Pierce and Lieutenant Clarke to remain there on duty. When these stations had all commenced working, I found nothing more to be done, nothing more desired by any one, and therefore joined Captain Kendall, whose station was in constant use, and assisted him in working it, reporting to Captain Cushing, who approved of my course. On the first day, April 29, over forty important messages passed through this station to and from corps commanders, the chiefs of staf and the heads of departments. No complaint was made by any one re- garding this complete chain of stations. it is impossible to ftrnish any complete record of the messages sent and received at this central point of the line, as many have been lost or destroyed, but enough rethain to give an idea of its utility, copies of which are attached to this reportP In working this line, all important orders or reports were transmitted in cipher. April 30, part of the Sixth Corps had crossed the river at Washing- ton farm, and part of the First Corps about 2 miles below. General Reynolds, commanding the First, was in communication by signals with General Sedgwiok, through Lieutenant Wiggins, and to facilitate his operations, the telegraph under Lieutenant Wilson was extended to his headquarters May 1, General Reynolds corps was withdrawn and marched to the right, Lieutenants Camp and Wiggins going with him, and the tele- graph drawn in to its old positiqn at General Sedgwicks headquarters. During all this time, reports were coming in from Lieutenants For- tescue, at Fitzhugh house; Gloskoski and Marston, at Seddons house, and Hill and Brooks, at Buckners Neck, which were forwarded to Gen- eral Butterfield through Capt S. T. Cushing, and copies sent to General Sedgwick and & eneral Reynolds. Not found Page 240 240 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Cuar. X.flYXL May 3 (Saturday), all worked well, General Sedgwicks corps fighting hard in front of his bridges, but gaining no ground and requiring no DOW stat ODs. At 12 in., I telegraphed to Captain Cusbing that if General Sedgwick went ahead I should require two more officers. He telegraphed me to nil In Lieutenants Brooks and Hill and use them. They arrived at 3 p. m. At 4 p. in., General Brooks division had made some progress, and I therefore sentlAeutenants Brooks and Hill to the other side of the river, to keep him In communication with General Sedgwick, if he moved forward. At 5, Lieutenant Briggs reported to me for duty. I sent him to Tylers battery, to direct their fire and to observe and report any movement At midnight I was notified, from Lieutenant Brooks station, that General Sedgwick was about to cross his entire force and attack Fred- ericksburg, and immediately sent Captain Pierce and Lieutenant Clarke over to him, and ordered Lieutenants Brooks and Hill to accompany him; also then notified Captains Hill and Taylor to look for station in Fredericksburg, as General Sedgwick was advancing on it.. May 4, General Bedgwick took Fredericksburg, and the signal officer with him would have been able to keep him in constant communication, but no signal communication was opened, for what cause I am not in- formed. May 4,10 a. in., the storming of heights in rear and lank of Freder. icksburg commenced by the Sixth Corps, under General Sedgwick. After they had all been taken, communication was opened from the the principal works to the Phillips house. At 12 in., I received an order from the chief signal officer to join the signal officers on the other side and supervise their operations. I immediately obeyed this order, and atOp. in. went into camp on bill back of Fredericksburg with Capt. l~) (I. Pierce and Lieutenant Clarke, Captain Gloskoski and Lieutenant Marston. Lieutenants Brooks and Bill had not joined the party. At daybreak we prepared to move for. ward to join General Sedgwick, who was a mile beyond; the signal telegraph having been brought over the river, connecting General ~edg. wick with general headquarters, and rendering signal communication ~nnecesaary at this point At 8.30 a. in. the enemy appeared on crest of hill on which we were encamped, with nothing but a light line of skirt misheis between us and them. They were advancing rapidly. I or- dered horses saddled, and put everything into my wagon which could be gotten into it, then ordered the driver to get to Fredericksburg with all speed, and report to Captain Wilson at telegraph station. The team started, and were immediately fired on by the enemy and ordered to halt, but tIne driverrefused to obey the summons, and rushed on through the enemys line, arriving safely at Fredericksburg and reporting as or~ dered. Accompanying this wagon, I sent my servant ott one of my horses and Captain Gloskoskis on one of his; both of the negroes were struck, but only omne was injured, a Mibie ball striking his arm; none of the horses were injured. In this affair onne of tine tents belonging to my set waslostout of the wagon and captured by tine enemy, also much of my personal baggage. Just before the enemy appeared at our camp, I had sent Captain Pierce and Lieutenant Clark to report to General Sedg. wick. Lieutenant Marston had ridden up tine hill to reconnoiter, and disappeared. Thinkinglnim captured or killed,I gathered the memn, and, wi h Captain Gloskoski, l)rofsIeded to notify General Neill of the posi. don of afibirs. We found him approaching the scene, and briefly in. formed him of the position. Then, seeing that all communication wit Page 241 Cuar. XflYfl.J THE CHANCELLOESYILLE CAMPAIGN. 241 Fredericksburg or the other side of the river was cut og I sought for a point frordwhich to open communication with Phillips house by sig- nals. At 10 a. m. I found such a point just In rear of our line of battle, and immediately opened the communication. Leaving Captain Glos- koski to watch the station, I rode off to report a. fact to General Sedg- wick. This done, I obtained 2 orderlies to carry dispatches from and to. General Sedgwick, and then returned to Captain Gloskoski and as- sisted him In running the station up to the time that we were forced to leave it by the enemy forcing General Sedgwicks lines back after three desperate efforts. During the most of the day this station was worked within rifle range of the enemy. It was abandoned only when our lines were forced beyond it. . This station proved of great utility, connecting General Sedgwick with general headquarters and all the points hereto. fore mentioned, through the Phillips house. The enemy being between us and the point to which we were communicating I believe It to have been the only way of communicating with General dedgwick. Messages of the utmost importance passed through this line all dayorders from General Hcoker to General Sedgwick, and information which must have largely aided General Bedgwlck in forming his plans. The enemy could not move a single brigade without the fact being reported to him, bud the strength of the enemys force was reported to him by Captain Hall and Lieutenant Taylor through this station with an accuracy which fhture events proved astonishing. I cannot forbear to mention the alacrity with which this line was opened, and to say that it was entirely due to the unceasing watchfbl- ness of Captain Hall and Lieutenant Taylor, for, of course, they had ito warning of our intention to open with them from this point; yet we had not swung our flag but four minutes when it was answered by them, and ten minutes after I reported the fact to General Sedgwick, who, in the midst of the excitement and dangers which encompassed him, seemed much pleased, and told me to hold the station as long as the line afforded me any protection, which we did. At this point the on~ casualty was a slight wound on one of my hones from a rifle ball. While this was being done, Captain PIerce and Lieutenant Clarke had found a station of observation, which General Sedgwick regarded as very important, and ordered them to remain upon it. Lieutenant Brooks also rendered the general great service in the same manner. At dark that evening, our entire force fell back to Banks Ford bein pressedonallsidesbytheenemy. AtlOa.m.,IrecrossedtheBappa- hannock with Captain Gloskoski and Lieutenant Brooks, and bivou- acked for the night, reporting to General Sedgwick on the way. Next morning (0th) reported tcW him again, and received permission to take my party back to camp, to obtain forage and rations. At 12 m. left again for Banks Ford, with Lieutenants Brooks and Hilsrrlving there at 4p. in., intending to open communication from the Bcott house or England house to the Phillips house, but finding both within range of enemys guns, and finding the troops all within range If they opened upon 118,1 desisted, and reportj,d facts to chief signal officer. At9a. in., on the 7th, ordered to returnwith party tocamp, which order was immediately obeyed. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. BABCOCK, Ji., Ooptats Seventh Hew .Tereey Vole. and Acting Sigesal Officer. Lient. Wx. S. STinKER, Adjutan4 t4gnal Co~pe, Army of the Potomac. 16 2 RYOL flY7 PT I a Page 242 242 N. VA., W. VA., MD.~ AND PA. [Ussr. flzvn. Ho. 20. R9ortofO~4fwara 0. Pierce, Third Maimep Infantry, and Lint... Sir4zjeecond 21ev Fork Infantry, Acting Signal 0)1- car,. HEADQUARTERS SIXTH Anr CORPS, .ifaej 9, 1663. Sn: I have the honor to report the following result of my operations man acting signal officer, Sixth Army Corps, during the late movement: April 28.The Sixth Corps left its camp and moved to the river, about 3 miles and bivouacked for the night April 29.hffected a crossing at Franklins Crossing, and General Brooks division was sent over to hold the opposite bank ntil the pon- toon bridges were laid. April 30..Opened communication between General Brooks head- quarters and General Sedgwioks, but the distance being so short, I concluded that Set K could be of more use by making observations of the enemys movements from the bluffs on this side of the river andre- porting to the general commanding Sixth Corps; therefore recalled Lieutenant Clarke from General Brooks headquarters. May 1~Remained in the same position, and continued making reports to General Sedgwick. May 2.Remained in the same position. At lip. m. the Sixth Corps was ordered to Join General Hooker at Chancellorsyifle, via Plank road and Fredelicksburg. Soon after reach~jIopened w~ica~ on the Church station, in Fredericksburg, until nearlydark, when we abandoned station and proceeded tojoin General Sedgwick in front. Stay 3.Discovered the enemy massing troops on our left, and re- ported the fact to the general, which was the first intimation he had of the fact By order of General Sedgwick, we remained in the same posi- tion during the day, making reports of every movement of the enemy. Aboct 6p. m. the enemy made their attach, and the Sixth Corps fell back to Banks Ford. Lieutenant Clarke and myself reported to Gen- eral Sedgwick, and, by his request, acted as aides durii~g the continu- ance of the movement until the eve of the 8th, when we went into camp near our old amps. I have the honor tote, very respectfully, your obedient servan 13]. C. PIERCE, Captain Third Maine Volt and Acting Signal GEO. J. CLARK, First LiewtMsant Stvty-second 11ev York Vole. Acting Signal Officer. Lieut. Wx.J.STEYERR, .wavgttant, Signal nps. No.21. Report of lAst Prank W. Marston, Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry, Acting Signal Officer. 035mB CAn, May 6,1863. Sm: I have the honor to submit the following report of sijnal duty performed by mysplf in connection with Captain Gloskoski, up flp th Page 243 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 243 morning of May 4, and what occurred after th t time to the evacuation of Fredericksburg by the forces under command of General Gibbon: I reported to Brigadici-General Gibbon on the afterioon of Saturday, May 2, at his headquarters, near Falinouth, and opened communication with headquarters of the army, through Captain Gloskoski and the station at the Phillips house. There was but one message of any im- portance sent over this line, which was as follows: General BUTTERFIELD: Heavy column of troops and trains of wagons can be seen from here retreating from Sedgwicks front, and appear to incline to oar right. JOHN GIBBON, Brigadier-General. At 11 oclock on Saturday night, General Gibbou broke up his head- quarters, and moved down to the river near the Lacy house, where his engineers were at work laying a pontoou bridge. At this point the enemy opened musketry fire npon us, which delayed operations for some time. At sunrise the bridge was across, and the troops began to pass over. Captain Gloskoski and myself occupied the steeple of the Baptist Church as a signal station, from which we reported to General Gibbon the movements of the enemy on the right of the town iu his front. We were also in communication with the Plii1li~s house, from which station we received the following messages to Geueial Gibbon: Enemys infantry coming down the road and filing right into their trenches nnder wooJs opposite Falmouth. TAYLOR. Two guns of the enemy have taken position in woods opposite Falmouth. TAYLOR. After the taking of the heights by a division of General Sedgwicks forces, Captain Gloskoskis flag being among the first on the heights, we opened a station from thence to headquarters of the army, via Phil- lips house, Captair~ Gloskoski superintendinig the station, and sent all messages from there. Late in the afternoon, being joined by Captains Babcock aiid Pierce, with Lieutenant Clarke, Captain Babcock assum- ing command, we went into camp about half a mile beyond the heights, on the left of the Plank road. We established a station here, but I be- lieve no messages were sent, as the signal telegraph, under Lieutenant Wilson, was in town. One brigade of General Gibbons division occu- pied the left of the town. Late in the evening the enemy made a dem. onstration npon our extreme left, which was reported to headquarters by Lieutenant Hill. We remained here all night, and in the morning our wagons were sent into Falmouth for forage and rations. The 0-overn- ment stores in our possession, together with our private baggage, were left near Captain Babcocks wagon when our team went off. About 7 oclock the man on watch at the station reported the presence of the en- emys skirmishers, and our pickets retiring without firing a shot, we barely had time to saddle our horses and take in our hands such Gov- ernment property as could thus be carried, when the enemy opened fine npon us. We superintended the l)acking of the wagon with all the Gov- ernment stores it was possible to save, and started it for town. It ran the gauntlet of the enemys musketry, arid reached Fredericksburg safely, and thence crossed the river. Small squads of stragglers were passing to I lie front on the Plank road; these I endeavored to collect together, and make a stand with against the enemys skirmishers, but their artillery having taken position opened fire upon them, and the skir- mishers continuing to advance, these men had to retire. I then tried t Page 244 244 N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. get to the front, but in so doing ran into the skirmishers, and was forced to fall back to the town. IL conid find no commanding officer in the place. One of General Gibbons aides was equally niisncce~sful. Every one seemed in consternation at the sudden apptarance of the enemy. I crossed the river an I repOrte(l to Captain Cashing, asking him for new men, one of my ILL gmen havin, been sent with the wagon in the morn- ing, and the other crossed the river by my order, when we fell back to the town. Capt ajo Cashing ordered me to report to Ce ~eral Butter field what I had seen, which I did. I found Captain Babcocks wagon, and discovered that a portion of my kit, which had been placed in it, had fallen out and was lost. My valise also was missing. I mention the loss of my valise becanse it involves another loss, which I report with much mortification. Having a full kit in my possession, I did not take out my star flags, which I had kept with my private baggage; con- sequently, when that was lost, my flags e11 into the hands of the enemy. I wonld respectfully snbmit that this loss occi4rred through no fault or neglect of mine, or of any one else, and was eAtirely unavoi(lable. The valise was placed in the wagon, and w~ s seen to fall out when the enemy was close npon it. I did not leave there nntil forced to, being in danger of captnre or death. I brought off the sihnal telescopes and two marine glasses, with my ordinary signal flag and poles. I asked permission to join Captain Gloskoski on the sonth side of the river, which Captain Cashing granted, and then almost immediately countermanded, and ordered me to remain on dnty at the Phillips house. While there, I I sent and received the following messages to General Sedgwick, coin- manding: Lieutenant-Colonel MOMAHON, Assistant Adjutant-General: Shall I send out supplies to the corps to-day; if so, by what road l C. W. TOLLES, Quartermaster, Sixth Corps. General BUTTERFIELD: Enemy attacked General Howes left this a. m. He repulsed them, and took 200 prisoners. I was afterward ordered to report to General Gibbon at the Lacy house, which I did, and remained with him until the next morning, when he moved up to the Phillips house; then I was relieved and ordered into camp. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, FRANK W. MARSTON, First Lieutenant and Acting Signal Officer. Capt. B. F. FISHER, Acting Signal Officer, Army of the Potomac. No. 22. Report of Gapt. William if. HiU, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Jinfantry~ Acting Signal Officer. IIEADQUA TEPS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, i ay 12, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of services ren- dered by me as acting signal offieci during eight d ys active militar Page 245 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 245 operations in the Army of the Potomac, from April 29 to May 6, inclu- sive: On the 29th April, I remained in company with Lientenant Brooks, from which point the following messages were transmitted.~ At 3 p. in., by order of Captain Cashing, the Seddon house station was broken up, and I was ordered to report to Captain Babcock, at Tylers Hill. 1 remained with that officer, asisting at his station, till May 2, 9 p. in., when, in company with Lieutenant Brooks, I was or- dered to cross to the sonth side of the Ilappahannock ]iliver and report to General Brooks, who, it wa thon~ht, wo ild engage the enemy early the following morning. At midnight, however, General Sedgwick with his whole corps crossed, when we were ordered to report to Captain Pierce, and accompany that officer with the Sixth Corps. May 3, at 2 a. in., we moved with the corps to Fredericksburg, and at 10 a. in. established a station in the church tower in the town, from which point the following messages were received an(l t,ransmitted.* At 12 in., in company with Lieutenant Brooks, I was ordered farther to the front, leaving Captain Pierce and Lieutenant Clarke in the tower. Ascending the heights, we took our position on the crest of the second ridge, and opened commnnic tion with he~ (Iquarters station, and then reported to General Keill, commanding forces in our front. From this station the following messages were transmitted.* At 5 p. in. the troops in our front took the Bowling road and moved off to the right, leaving our station exposed, without leaving even a picket guard in front of it. Reporting the fact to Captain Cushing, we received orders to abandon the station, and were preparing to leave, when a squad of the enemy, with one gun, advanced to within 300 yards of the station and opene(l fire upon us, which had no other effect upon us than to somewhat accelerate the movement of our departure. Re- turning to headquarters, I reported the fact of the enemys presence on our left, with no troops of ours near to resist their advance. May 4, at 6 a. in., I recrossed the river to the south side, and took the Plank road to rejoin General Sedgwick. Upon reaching the first range of hills beyond the town, I came in contact with the enemys skirmish- ers, who were without any opposition repossessing [themselves] of the heights and fortifications; I retired to the town, and, with jAeutenant Marston, who had also been driven back, assisted in alla.ying the excite- inent and confusion prevailing among the teamsters and soldiers. We collected together a large number of stragglers that weic in the town, and disposed of them to the best advantage., so as to check the enemy should he advance on the town, and prevent crowding and over-haste at the bridges. We icinained in the town until all the trains and ambn- lances had gotten safely cross, when I reported to Captain Cushing, at Captain Halls station, a received orders to remain and assist that officer until I received further instructions. At this station received and sent the following messages.* At 2 p. in. I was ordered to ~eport, with Lieutenant Marston, to Gen- eral Gibbon, at the Lacy house. We remained with the general until I ay5 6m. in., when he withdrew his troops from the town and took up the bridge. General Gibbon having no further use for us, I was or(lered to report to C~ ptain Babcock, nd accompanied that officer to Banks Ford - Here, as with General Gibbou, there occurred no ol)portunity of l)erforlning signal duty. May 6, at 11 a. in., the whole army having recrosse(l to the north side Not found Page 246 246 N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. of the river, and the troops ordered into their 01(1 encampments, our party Was ordered to return to the reserve camp, and at 3 p. in., by order of Captain Cushing, I relieved Lieutenant Fortescue at the Fitz- hugh house, near the river, 4 miles below Fredericksburg. It affords inc Oeasure to mention that my two flagmen, Charles 0-. Aiken and Charles A. Griffin, were at various times expose(1 to a severe musketry and artillery fire but under all circumstances conducted them- selves with coolness and courage. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. II. HILL, Lieutenant audi Acting ASignal Officer. Licut. WM. S. STRYKER, Adjutant, 8ignal Corps. No. 23 Report of Brig. Gen. Henry J. Hunt, U. S. Army, Chief of Artillery. ARTILLERY IIEADQUNRTERS, ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC, August 1, 1863. GENERAL: On April 27, in pursuance of your instructions, I made a reconnaissance of the enemys position at Banks Ford, and determined upon the number and position of the guns to be placed there to enfilade the enemys rifle-pits; to crush the fire of his work on the hill over- looking the river; to cover the throwing of the bridges at that ford, and to protect the crossing of the troops. The necessary instructions to supervise this work; to place the batteries; to prepare cover for those that were exposed, and to take command there in case of my ab- sence, were given to Maj. A. Doull, inspector of artillery on my staff who executed them with his custonmary energy, taking with him two batteries of position (B, First Connecticut, Brooker, four 4~--inch gnus, and the Twenty-ninth New York, Blucher, four 20-pounders) from the Artillery Reserve. The 20-pounder battery, under Lieutenant I3lucher, from the necessity of the case, was placed in a very exposed position, but with the labor of his men he constructed good cover for them. The remaining batteries required for this position were drawn from the Second, Eleventh, amid Twelfth Corps. After performing this duty, I returned to select positions for the bat- teries, to cover the throwing of the bridges at Franklins Crossing, and at a point just below the mouth of White Oak Run, near Pollocks Mill, the positions were selected, the batteries designated, and on the night of the 28th were placed in position as follows: Franklins CrossingTen guns of positmon of the Artillery Reserve (Pratt~s, M, First Connecticut, four ~ inch guns, and Voegelees Thir- tieth New York, six 20-pounder I irroits) and twenty-four light rifles of the Sixth Corps (Hams Third Ncw York six 10-pounder Parrotts; Mc- Carthys, C and D, First Pen isylvanma six 10-pounders; Rigbys,A, First Maryland, six 3 -inch guns an(l Cowans First New York, six 3- inch guns) on the bluffs back of the crossmng; twelve light 12-pounders (Wilhistomis, D, Second United States, six 12-pounders, and Seeleys, K, Fourth United States, six 12-pounders) on the bank of the river, one battery above and one below the position selected to throw the bridges, so as to cross their fire over the enemys rifle-pits opposite, and prevent his firing on the pontoons; the whole under the coin mnand of Col. C. H.. Tompkins, First Rhode Island Artillery Page 247 CHAP. XXXVH.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 247 Crossing near Pollocks MillTwenty light rifles (Reynolds, L, First New York, six 3-inch guns; Halls Second Maine, six 3-inch guns; Amsdens, G, First Pennsylvanh, four 3-inch guns, and Coopers, B, First Pennsylvania, four 3-inch guns) were placed on the elevation just above the mill, and fourteen (Edgells, A, First New Hampshire, six 3-inch gulls; Thompsons Fourth Pennsylvania, four 3 inch guns, and IRicketts, F, First Pennsylvania, four 3-inch guns) below, to which were added in the morning six light 12-pounders (Ransoms, C, Fifth United States); the whole under the command of Cd. C. S. Waiuwright, First New York Artillery. A mile below these positions, and near Travelers Pest, sixteen guns, (Tafts Fifth New York, four 20-pounders; Kusserows Thirty-second New York, six 3-inch guns, and Harts Fifteenth New York, six 3-inch guns), nuder the command of Licut. Col. E. P. Warner, inspector of ar- tilicry, were stationed to control the bridge across the Massaponax, aiid to cover the left of the army after the crossing should be effected. These three batteries moved along the banks, following the subsequent move- ments of the army until, at the close of the operation, they were stationed so as to sweep the streets of Fredericksburg and command the Falmouth Ford. In the course of these operations, Harts battery was relieved by von Bluchers, which had returned from Banks Ford. Millers battery (0-, Fourth United States, six 12-pounders) was already in position near the Lacy house, and twenty-two light 12-poundem-s in addition (Ran- clolphs, E, First Rhode Island, six 12-pounders; Kiuzies, K, Fifth U. S.] Artillery, four 12-pounders; Dimicks H, First United States, six 12-pounders, and Bruens Tenth New York, six 12-pounders) were placed in reserve near Falmouth Station, in r adiness to move to any point above or below where their services might be required. The disposable horse artillery (Grahams, K, First Unite(l States, six 3 inch guns; Meinells, C, Third United States, six 3 inch gnus, and Penningtons detachments, ten 3-inch guns), under Captain Graham, First [U. S.] Ar- tillery, was in like manner statione(l between White Oak Church and the river, so as to be available at any J)oint near or below the crossings. At daybreak of the 29th, Russells brigade of infaidry crossed the river in boats at Franklins Crossing, amid occupied the enemys ride- pits with but little resistance. The bridges wei-e constructed and Brooks division crossed, taking with it Willistons battery (D, Second United States, six 12-pounders), which was posted behind the rifle-pits. On the 3d, Seeleys battery (K, Fourth United States, six 12-pounders) was relieved and joined its division. At the lower (or Reynolds) cross- ing, the attempts to throw the bridge early in time morning were defeated by the enemys sharpshooters and the infantry in his rifle-pits. About 8.30 a. m. the fog lifted, an(i tile batteries were brought into requisition. By slow, deliberate, and well sustained fire of great accu- racy, the fire of the enemy was completely suppressed, the mcmi taking refuge by lying down in the ditell, and a reg-inleilt moving down to re- enforce them driven back. Umider the l)rotection of tile fire, a force was thrown across in the pontoons with little or no loss, amid captured about 100 of the men in the pits, the remainder escaping by flight. The practice of the rifle batteries CSl)ecially that of Coopers (B, First Pennsylvania, four 3-inch guns), was excellent. The bridges were then established, and Wadsworths division crossed. The three batteries near Travelers Rest (Tafts Fifth Tew York~ four 20-pounders; Kus- serows Thirty-second New York, six 3-inch gnus, and Harts Fifteenth New York, six 3-inch guhs) repulsed all attemlll)ts of the enemy to pass the Massaponax from below, and, on the arrival of the enemy~s column Page 248 248 N. VA.,. W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIJ. from Port Royal, compelled them to make a wide detour and pass round by the hill roads. For an account of the further operaticus of the batteries at the cross- ings, I respectfully refer you to the reports of Colonels Wainwright and Tompkins, chiefs of artillery of the First and Sixth Corps. On the 30th, 1 received orders to accompany you to Chancellorsville, which place we reached that night. The troops having crossed at United States Ford, the artillery was withdrawn from Banks, and or- dered to joiu their proper commands, with the exception of Brookers 4k-inch battery, which crossed at the Unite(1 States Ford. May 1.Soon after General Sykes became engaged, he sent to me for two batteries, one of rifles an(l one of 12-pounders. Lieutenant-Colonel Morgan, chief of artillery Second Corps, kindly furnished me with a battery of rifles (Arnolds, A, First Rhode Island, six 3-inch guns), and I also ordered Crosbys (F, Fourth United States, six 12-pounders), which I found near the Chancellor house, placing both under command of Maj. Alexander Douli, inspector of artillery, to report to General Sykes. Crosbys battery was soon after recalled, and sent to report to its own corps commander, General Slocum, who needed it. I could find no other to replace it. At 1.30 p. in. I received verbal instructions from you to return to headquarters camp, near Falmnonth, collect the disposable artillery, move it to Banks Ford, and to prevent any attempt of the enemy to cross at that point. In obedience to these instructions, I directed Cap- tain Brooker to recross the river with his siege guns (B, First Connec- ticut, four 4k-inch guns) and resume his posi[iou at Banks [Ford]. From the telegraph station at the United States Ford I sent a message to Major-General Butterfield, chief of staff, requesting him to send to Banks Ford the disposable batteries near headquarters camp, amid pro- ceeded myself to reconnoiter the ford and select positions for them. in conformit.y with ny request for infantry, the remainder of General portion Owens brigade, a of which was on dnty at the ford under the orders of General Bcnhamn, reported to me that night. At 7.30 p. in. the batteries which had reported (Penningtomis, M, Second United States, ten 3-inch guns, and two attached sectiomis, and Grahams, K, First United States, six 3-inch guns) were placed in posi- tion, sixteen gnus, and these arriving during the night (Meinells, C, Third United States, six 3 inch guns; Harts, Fifteenth New York, six 3-inch guns; Kiuzies, K, Fifth United States, four 12-pounders, and Brookers, B, First Connecticut four 4k-inch guns) weiit into I)arl{, with the exception of I3rooker~, which was l~lace(l in position c~m manding the enemys work on the hill. No demomistrations were made by the enemny. On the afternoon of the 3d, he abandoned his rifle-pits ol)posite us. Major-General Sedgwick having carried the heights above Fredericks- burg, and being then on the advance along the Chancellorsville road, I sent Major Ihoull across (swimming his horse) to commumiicate with General Sedgwick and report his progress. In the meantime General Benhamn laid the bridges, amid I crossed to inspect the differeiit works of the enemy. The firing between General Sedgwick and time enemy growing imito the sounds of a battle, I immediately returned to the north side of the river, iii order to sCu(1 support to Se(lgwick. On reaching the bridge, I found Brigadier-General Owen crossing, and directed him to connect with Sedgwicks right, so as to keep up com- munication with the bridges. I also sent word to Gemmeral Sedgwick that two horse batteries were at his disposal and more artillery, if he required it Page 249 CHAP. XXXVII.1 THE ChANCE I~LO1~SY1LLE CAMPAIGN. 249 About this time I received a dispatch from General Butterfield, directing me to report immediately to you at ChancellorsvilLe, and 1 turned the command of the artillery over to Brigadier-General Tyler, who had just joined the army to take command of the Artillery Reserve. In the meantime the battles of May 2 and 3 had been fought at Chan- cellorsville. For the particulars of the service of the artillery in these battles, I respectfully refer to the reports of the commanders of the troops to which the batteries were attached. I will only note some of the main features so far as the artillery was concerned. When the Eleventh Corps was broken up and routed, on the 2d, its batteries are reported as having behaved well. General Pleasonton collected some batteries belonging to different corps (Martins Horse Artillery, Sixth New York, six 3-inch gnus; Clarks, B, First New Jersey, six 10-pounders; Lewis, Tenth New York, six light 12-pounders; Turnbnlls, F and K, Third United States, six 12-pounders), and with them formed a large battery of twenty-four guns. The i~etreating troops swept through and around this battery, carrying off horses and caissons and even overturning one of the guns; but, as a whole, it held firm, and when the enemy, flushed with success, appeared before it, met them with a storm of canister, first checking and then driving them back into the woods, from which they had emerged at 300 yards distance. It was a desperate combat between artillery and infantry at 300 yards dis- tance,in which the artillery repulsed the infantry, flushed, as they were, with a great success, which they were following up when checked by this battery. After being driven back, the troops of the enemy (Jacksons corps) tried by two flank movements to dislodge the battery and resume their advance. The first was repulsed by the artillery alone, the second by the artillery aided by the advance of Whipp~es and Birneys divisions, which were enabled to reach the ground by the check previously given to the enemy. At the same time a battery of thirty-eight guns (Dim- icks, H, First United States, six 12-pounders; Crosbys, F, Fourth [U. S.] Artillery, four 12-pounders; Wi negars, M, First New York, six 10- pounders; Fit zhughs, K, First New York, four 3-inch guns; Thomas, C, Fourth [U. S.] Artillery, four 12-pounders; Winslows, D, First New York, six 12-pounders; Hills, C, First [West] Virginia, one section, two 3-inch guns; Dilgers, I, First Ohio, six 12-poundersDilger relieved on Sunday morning, May 3, by Hamptons Third Pennsylvania, six 10- pounder Parrotts) was assembled near Fairview by Captain Best, Fourth U. S. Artillery, and stationed so as to reach the enemy by firin~ over the heads of our own troops, distant 500 yards, as no better position could be obtained, and the use of the guns was imperative. The firing was very effective, and, as far as known, without accident to our own troops. Down to 10 p. m. the cannonade was at times terrific, and con- tributed munch to checking the enemy. The batteries were then in- trenched. Early next morning (Sunday, the 3d), the enemy renewed the attack, and the battery replied. An open field, about three-fourths of a mile to the left and front of the battery, occupied by one of our brigades and sonic guns, was taken possession of by the enemy, who opened with artillery on Bests 1)osition with fearful effect, killing, among others, Captain Hampton, of the Third Pennsylvania Battery, blowing up one of the caissons, and enfilading our line of infantry. Best, however, stood to his work manfully till about 9 a. in., when, the iufantry having re- tired, both flanks of the battery being turned, the enemys musketry picking off men and horses, and the am munition nearly expended, the guns were withdrawn, to save them Page 250 250 N. VA., W. VA., MD~., AND PA. [CFIAI. XXX VIL Toward the close of this affair, Lieut. F. B. Crosby, commanding Bat- tery F, Fourth [U. S.] Artillery, a young officer of high character and great promise, was killed by a musket ball. In the meantime Sedgwick had crossed the river with his corps; oc- cupied Fredericksburg on the 3(1, and a.ssaulte(l and carried the enemys works above the town; captured a number of guns, an(l advanced on the Chancellorsyille road to the vicinity of Salem Heights, where the enemy were found in strong force. Here a furiouM struggle took place, in which the artillery played a conspicuous and important part. On this day and the succeeding one the batteries of the corps were engaged in the desperate struggle maintained by Sedgwick against a largely superior force. Colonel Tompkins, commanding the artillery of the corps, makes special mention of the services of each, and to his report for more extended information, and to that of General Sedgwick for his estimate of the value of the service rendered by the artillery on that occasion, I would respectfully refer you. In the meantime it is but just that the names of the batteries and their commanders be presented: Hams, Third New York, six 10 pounders; McCartne~ s, A, First ]VIIas- sachusetts, six 12-pounders; Bu ~ C-, Second United States, six 12- pounders; Martins, F, Fifth United States, six 10-pounders; Cowans First New York, six 3-inch guns; McCarthys, C and D, First Pennsyl- vania, six 3-inch guns; Willistons, D, Second United States six 12- nonnder~ Itigbys, A, First Maryland, six 3-inch guns, and Parsons A, First New Jersey, six 10-pounders. At Banks Ford, General Tyler, upon taking command, communicated with General Sedgwick, and placed such of his batteries of the Reserve Artillery as might be needed at General Sedgwicks disposal. The bat- teries, placed in position to command the crossing-places and cover the bridges, engaged with such of those of the enemy as came within their range. In this service 1 man was wounded and a few horses killed, and Sedgwicks corps now crossed, under protection of their fire. On my arrival at general headquarters, at 10 p. m. of May 3, I was directed by you to take charge of all the artillery, relieving Colonel Wainwright. who had been placed in command of it the day before. Colonel Wainwright informed me that he had made the best practicable arrangement for the lines of defense, but that in the general confusion, from the want of a commander of the artillery, the batteries of the corps had become scattered and mixed with each other. On examination, I found the line commencing on our left, which rested on the Itappahannock and extended to Hunting Creek, had three large batteries, viz: One of thirty guns, twenty rifles and ten light 1%pounders (Watermans, C, First Rhode island, two sections, four 3-inch guns; Barnes, C, First New York, four 3-inch guns; Phillips, E, First Massa- chusetts, six 3-inch guns; Hazletts, D, Fifth Artillery, six 10-pounders; Randols, E, First United States, four 12-pounders, and Martins, C, First Massachusetts, six 12-pounders), under command of Captain iRandol, First Artillery, on the left of the line; one of forty-eight guns, twenty-four light 12-pounders and twenty-four 3-inch guns (Kirbys, I, First [U. S.] Artillery, six 12-pounders; Ames, C-, First New York, six 12-pounders; Gibbs, L, First Ohio, six 12-pounders; Bruens Tenth New York ,six 12-pounders; Fitzhughs, K, First New York, four 3-inch guns; Ricketts, F, First Pennsylvania, four 3-inch guns; Martins, F. FifthUnited States, four 3-inch guns; Watermans, C, First Rhode Island, one section, two 3-inch guns; E(lgells, A, First New Hampshire, six 3-inch guns, an(l Amsdens, C-, First Pennsylvania, four 3-inch guns), under comman(i of Captain Weed, Fi tth U. S. Artillery, commanding the artillery o Page 251 CRaw. ZflYHj THE .CHANOELLoUyILLE CAMPAIGN. 261 the Fifth Corps, at the angle In our line near the white house, and one of thirby-two guns, twenty light rifles and twelve light 12-pounders Halls Second Maine, six 8.inoh guns; Wiedrichs, I, First New York, our 8-inch guns;1 Knaps First Pennsylvania, four 10-pounders. Rey- nolds, L First ow York, six 8-inch guns- Ransoms, C, Fifth (u. 5~1 Artillery, six 12-pounders, and Stewarts, h, Fourth [U. S.~Artiliery, aix 12-pounders), under command of Colonel Wainwright, First New York Artillery, commanding the artillery of the First Corps, on the right of our line, near Bunting Creek After examining these battpries, and giving such Instructions as were required, I ~ the positions of the other batteries of the corps; which I found mostly in the open ground near the United States Ford or in the woods behind the line of the army. I had them replenished with ammunition and so placed as to become available should their services be needed. On the afternoon of the 4th, during a reconnaissance made by Grif- fins division, Fifth Corp., a cannonade took place between the large battery at the canter of our line, under Captain Weed, and the enemys artillery. This closed the active operations of the main body of the army on the south side of the river. At daybreak on the morning of Tuesday, the 5th, I received your instructions to cross all the batteries not in line of battle to the north side of the liappahannook, under cover of the fog, and to send them by way of Hartwood Church to their old camps. This duty was performed under the immediate direction of Captain Best, Fourth Artillery, com- mander of the artillery of the Twelfth Corps. By my order he stationed several batteries in the open apace on the hiU below the ford, so as to sweep the front of the left of our line and to command all the open ground upon which the enemy could place guns to shell our bridge, which he had attempted the previous eveuin5. At the same time, bat- teries were placed upon the bluffs, comman lug the ford both above and below the brldges~ to hold the enemy in check should he attempt to follow the army on its withdrawal. The army passed to the north bank during that night and a portion of the next day. The enemy, as I had foreseen, sent a force to the Po- sition from which he had shelled our bridges, but, after a sharp anon- ade, it was driven oft principally by the fire of K~ps and Thompsons batteries (Knaps First Pennsylvania, six 10-pounders, and Thompsons Fourth PeunsylvanJa, four 10-ponders), with some loss in kille4 and wounded on our part. The enemy suffered considerably and lost one caissonblown up. Our loss in all these operations, so far as I can learn from the Imper- fect reports furnished me, wal 5 officers-.Capt. B. B. Hampton, Third Independent Pennsylvania Battery; First Liouts. F. B. Crosby Fourth [U.Sj Artillery; F. Dorries, Battery L, First Ohio~ B El Kelfey, Bat- teryc First Rhode Island Artillery; Lieutenant [William] ODonohue, Second Independent Hew York Batteryand 50 enlisted men killed, and 13 officersCapt. G. F. Leppiec (mortally), First flout. G. T. Stevens, and Second Lieut. A. B. Twitchell, Fifth Maine Battery Second Lieu- tenant [Peldin] Spence, Battery (1, First Pennsylvania; *irst Lieuta. El. Kirby, First U; S. Artillery (mortally), C. Allen, Jr., and 0. L. Torslow, Battery G, First Rhode Island; 3. B. Slanson, Battery B, First New York~ Dimick, First U. S. Artillery (mortally); F. K. Sackett, C, First Rhode Island; 3. (1. Carlisle, Thirteenth New York Battery; Jacob Blind and Theodore Tiebel, Second New York Battery; C. A. Atwell, First Pennsylvania Batteryand 208 enlisted men wounded, 53 cap- Page 252 252 N. VA.. W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Gun. mvn. tnred or missing, and 388 homes killed and disabled, horse artillery not included. I respectfully refer to the reports of commanders of artillery, corps, and of the generals with whom they served for the names of those who have distinguished themselves for gallantry and good conduct. To the officers of my staffLient CoL H. it Warner and Maij. Alex. ander Donil, Inspectors of artillery, who were each charged with sep. ate commands, at different points, as already stated; Capt 3. N. Craig, assistant aOjntant-general, and Lient. C. T. Bissell, aide.de. campmy thanks are due for the gallantry and efficiency with which they discharged the duties devolved npon them. Those of Lieutenant Bisseil, my only aide, were necessarily arduous and always jerformed with promptitude. To Colonel Wainwrlght, First New York Artillery, who was placed by the commanding general m charge of all the artillery on theM; Capt. C. L. Best1 Fourth [U. S.] Artillery, who took charge of the batteries not In the hne of battle on the 4th and of the posting and commanding of such batteries as were needed to cover the withdrawal of. the army, and to Lleutenant.Colonel Morgan (captain Fourth [U. S.] Artillery) for assistance given me on the field, I beg to make my acknowledgments. In justice .to the artillery, and to myself, I think it necessary to state certain circumstances affecting its condition and losses in these opera. tons. The command of the artillery which I held under Generals Mc- Clellan and Buruside, and exercised at the battles of Antietam and Fredericksburg, was withdrawn from me when you assumed command of the fly, and my duties made purely administrative, under circum. stances very unfavorable to their efficient performance. I heard after the movement commenced that, when the corps were put in motion to cross the river, they left part of their artillery in their camps. No notice of this was given to me, and it was only by accident that I learned that the batteries so left behind were afterward ordered to rejoin their corps. As soon as the battle commenced on Friday morning, I began to recefre demands from corps commanders for more artillery, which I was unable to comply with, except partially, and at the risk of deranging the plans of other corps commanderr That same morning I was ordered to Banks Ford, to take command there, and was absent at that place until the nl~ht of the 3d from general headquarters. The promotion of many of the old artillery officers, and the invari- able transfer which accompanied it to other duties, weakened the regu- lar batteries exceedingly, and at the same time deprived the divisional artillery of experienced commanders. The limitation of officers of four. gun batteries crippled the volunteer service, and the wantof field officers added to the great difficulties under which the arm labored. It will,. perhaps, hardly be believed that for the command and management in their operations of the artillery of the army, consisting of 412 guns, 980 artillery carriages, 9,543 men and officers, and 8 544 horses, besides their large ammunition trains,there were but five fielA officers of artillery in the army, and from the scarcity of officers of inferior grades these~ officers had miserably insufficient staffs. Add to this that there was no commander of ill the artillery until a late period of the operations, and I doubt if the history of modern armies can exhibit a parallel instance of such palpable crippling of a great fi of the service in the very presence of a powerful enemy, to overcome whom would require every energy of all fl5 under the most favorable circumstances. It is not, therelore,to be wondered at that confusion and mismanagement ensued, ad It is creditable to the batteries themselves, and to the offices wh Page 253 CHAr. XflYfl.J THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 258 commande~i them, that they did so well. Fourteen guns were lost, but the most of these losses (eight) occurred in the rout of the Eleventh Corps, and all of them before Colonel Wainwright or myself was placed in command of the whole artillery. HENRY 3. HUNT, Brigadier.Gesera4 Chief of ArtWery, Armg of the Potousa& Maj. Gen. 30mPH Hoona, Cbuw.sau4isg Anusg of the Potousae. No.24. Report of 314 Ga Johw.7. Reynolds iT. S. Army, eosinandAngI~ret Army Corp., with Itinerary of tie Corp., April 19-Eq 26. HDQEs. FIRST Am Cons, Am Oi THE PoToxAo, G.n.p sear PoUooYs If ill, Via., Nay , 1863. Gmnz.: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of the First Corps from the 28th ultimo to the 7th instant: The troops left their camp about noon on April 28, and were as. sembled by nightfall in the position designated for them, in rear of the point of crossing the mouth of Pollocks Mill Creek. At 10 oclock the details called for to assist the engineer officer, Colo- nel Pettes, in carrying the boats by hand to the river, were tbrnished, via, 75 men to each of the forty-four boats, and a brigade of 3,000 men were in readiness to be thrown across in them when they reached the river, to cover the construction of the bridges. These details were under the direction of General Wadsworth, from whose division they were mad& Owing to the distance which the boats had to be canted, and the con- dition of the road, they did not all reach the river until daylight of the 29th, twenty boats only being in the water.when the enemys pickets, in their rifle-pits, opened with musketry and drove the working parties away. Our sharpshooters, disposed under cover along the bank of the river, were Insufficient to dislodge the enemy, who were soon re.enforced intheirpitsbyanotherre ent. Assoonasthefogcleared,andthe force of the enemy could be discerned to be only that occupying the pits, General Wadsworth was directed to get the boats below them and throw ovw two regiments, so as to fla.tk the pits and clear t!hem. The Twenty-fourth Michigan and Sixth Wisconsin Regiments (Colonels Morrow and Bragg), selected for this purpose, moved down to the river bank at double-quick, were rapidly thrown across in the boats, ascended the bank, and drove off tije enemy, capturing some 90 men of the Sixth Louisiana and Twenty.third Georgia, including several officers. Gen- eral Wadsworth crossed with the regiments and directed their move- ments in person. The remaining regiments of this brigade were then Cossed in the boats, after which the bridgeat were constructed, under the direction of General Benham, who atrlved from the upper crossing shortly after daylight By 10.30 oclock the bridges were reported completed, and.the other brigades of General Wadsworths division were crossed and putin posi- tion to cover the bridge head. It was necessary, in order to do this completely, to extend the left well toward the mouth of the Massa- ponax, to occupy the high bluff on the right bank of the river. Ou Page 254 254 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Oar. niviL loss reported in this operation was about 60 in killed and wounded. The bther two divisions of the corps were then brought don to the vicinity of the crossing and sheltered in the ravines of the creek. The enemy commenced moving into position in great strength from below about the time the bridges were completed, occupying the Bowling Green road with hiS skirmishers, and in the railroad cut and riflepits Just behind the crest (which was our line of battle on that part of the Add December 13, 1862) he was apparently formed in two lines, with reserves in the woods. The One hundred and thirty.fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers was detailed in the morning to support the batteries (TaNs) on the a- treme left, near Mrs. Grays, where it remained until the corps recrossed the river on the 2d instant, when it rejoined its brigade. On April 30, the troops remained in position the division across the river throwing up some li7ht defenses, rUle-pits, & c., and during the day two batteries (Ransom s and StewarVs)were crossed, and placed so as tocover the bridges. About 5p. m. the enemy opened fire from their battery on the hill, near Captain Hamiltons, on our working parties and the bridges, which was replied to by our batteries on the north side of the river~The Are was kept up until nearly dark, dunn; which time it became necessary to move the Second Division (massed m the ravines, where it sustained some loss) to the shelter of the river road. One boat of the bridge was struck and disabled. It was, however, promptly replaced. The en- gineers received orders to take up one of the bridges at dark and move itto Banks? Foi~d. The One hundred and thirty-sixth Regiment Penn. sylvania Volunteers was placed at the disposal of the engineer officer for this purpose, and accompanied the train to the ford, returning about noon the next day. At dark, Ransoms battery was replaced by Rey. nolds, of rifled guns; Mayl was passed with the troops occupying the same position. The enemys force opposite us was very much diminished, though still strong on their extreme right, where their battery was posted. Their pickets along the Bowling Green road showed the same. The order for the demonstration at 1 oclock did not reach me until 6 p. m. The troops were at once put under arms, and a division of the Slxth.Corps moved down in the direction of the lower bridge, the skirmishers on the left being advanced to the Massaponax, in which position they remained until dark. At? e. m. on May 2,1 received orders to withdraw the force from the right bank of the river, take up the bridge, and proceed, with my command, to report to the commanding general, near Chancellorsvllle. The divisions of Doubleday and Robinson were at once put in motion up the river, while General Wadsworth was ordered to withdraw his to the left bank and follow the route of the other divisions. During the withdrawal of this division, the enemy o ed fire from the battery on the right of his line, again itnihing and disabling a boat of the bridge while the troops were passing which made it necessary to suspend the crossing fora short time torepiace the boat. This was speedily effected, and the passage of the troops continued. Our batteries replied from both sides of the river, Captain Reynolds? battery doing efectave servic6 on the south side. The enemy soon ceased firing. I left General Wads- worth at this juncture and proceeded to the head of the column, by way of Banks? Ford, on intimation that probably I might find that the shortest line by which to communicate with the commanding general. On arriving at the for4 and finding there was no bridge thrown across Page 255 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 255 1 continued the march of the column to the United States Ford, where it arrived at sunset. I preceded the command, and reported in person to the coulman(ling general at Chancellorsville at 6 p. in., receiving his instructions for placing my corps. On returning to the ford, I ~vas joined by Captains [William L.] Cand- ler and William H.] Paine, of his staff, and conducted the troops under their guidance to the position designated, in which two divisions of the corps were established before daylight of the 3d, though much delayed by the crowded conditiou of the road from the ford to Chancellorsville, which required the exertions of every officer of my staff to clear for the advance of the column. The First Division, un(ler General Wadsworth, which arrived shortly after daylight on the 3d, was soon g6tten into position, and the line estThlished by sunrise. Before the artillery of the corps reached the field, some of that of the Eleventh Corps was as- signed to me, and I regret to report that two batteries, or parts of two, left the position assigned them without or(lers, and disgracefully re- treated in the direction of the United States Ford. Colonel Schirmer was the officer who reported to me, in command of all the batteries of that corps. Two others were l)laced in (hitterent parts of the line, and retained their position until properly relieved by batteries of my own corps, Captain Wiedrichs (First New York) artillery remaining until the position was evacuated. Tl ree batteriesLeppiens, Coopers, and Amsdenswent into action with the troops of other corps. The Fifth Maine, Captain Leppiens, suffered severe loss in men, horses, and material. The report of the chief of artillery of the corps (Col. C. S. Wainwright, First New York Artillery) is referred to for the services of the batteries actively engaged with the enemy, as lie also was detached at this time, under orders of the commanding general for du of the position. ts to the left and center During the action of the morning, our pickets and scouts thrown out were constantly bringing in prisoners from the woods in front. The troops were actively engaged in strengthening their position and in clearing the ground for placing the artillery. On Monday. the 4th, the corps remaine(l in position, the skirmishers on the left of the line occupied by the corps joining General Meade, being engaged more or less during the day. Later in the (lay those on the right, in front of the division of General IRobinson, became engaged for a short tune, when an attack was threatened. I)uring the afternoon, two regiments of infantry, with a section of ar- tillery, General Robinson in comman(l, were sent out, un(ler ord ers from the commanding general, to reconnoiter the road to Elys Ford, who reported the position occupied by the enemy in force. Toward 5 oclock, a brigade of tile Third Division u n(ler Colonel Stone, was sent out to follow up Hunting Creek, ui the (lirection of the Plank road nearly due south, which, after having driven in the enemys skirmishers, found itself in the presence of what al)peared to be a bri- gade of infantry, with the ro~d which it had followed barricaded by tallen trees. It being nearly (lark at this time, the brigade returned to its position. It having been decided on tile night of the 4th to recross the river, the trOop during the 5th were occupied in opening roads and building bri(lges over the small streain.~ iii the direction of the ford. The ambulances, wagons, artillery, & c., not required were sent across the river. On the morning of the 6th, between 1 and 2 oclock, the troops of the different divisions were withdrawn by separate routes, and arrived i Page 256 256 N. VA., W. VA., MIX, AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVH. the vicinity of the ford about (laylight, when, finding the bridges ocen- pied by the troops of other corps in their passage, I drew up such por- tions of my corps as had not crossedthe entire First Division, the pickets, which had been withdrawn, under the direction of a staff officer from each division, and two batteries of artillery, Ransoms and Stewarts, detained when the bridges were reported as interrupted the night pre- vious, and remained with them until all the troops had crossed, save the Fifth Corps, under Major-General Meade, to whom had been assigned the duty of covering the passage of the army. As soon hs the bridges were clear, the passage of the troops continued. The divisions of Generals Doubleday and Robinson were or(lered to encamp for the night near the Wallace house, ou the Falmouth and Belle Plain road, the division of General Wadsworth at Hamets, on the Warrenton road. The next day the corps was assembled in rear of the place where we had thrown our bridge, near Pollock~ Mill.~ Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General, Army of the Potomac. Report of killed, wounded, and missing during the opes-ations of the First Corps, from Api-il 29 to May 5, inclusive. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total. Command. ~ - n . Q 5 0 5 p 0 p a ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ 0~ 0 First Division 2 19 9 114 1 9 12 142 154 Second Division 3 9 4 53 -. 6 7 68 75 Third Division 1 2 22 1 37 3 60 63 Total~... 5 29 15 189 2 52 22 270 292 Respectfully submitted. JOHN F. REYNOLDS, Major-tieneret of Volunteers, Comnoanding. Itinerary of the First Army Corps, April 19Afay 26, 1863.t On April 19, the Third Division, General Doubleday, marched to Port Royal, returning the p. m. of the 22d. On the 22d, the Twenty-fourth Michigan and Fourteenth New York State Militia Regiments left camp, near Belle Plain, at 2 p. in., under command of Colonel Morrow, Twenty-fourth Michigan Volunteers, and marched to Port Royal, on the Rappahannock River. At daybreak on the 23d, crossed the river, and entered Port Conway, capturing and destroying rebel property and mail. Recrossed river and marched back to camp same day. foregoing is the only report of the operations of the First Corps on file in the War Department, aud although there is no signature attached, there cau be no doubt of the fact that it is the original unfinished report of Maj. Gen. John F. Reynolds, commanding the corps. I From returns for April and May Page 257 CHAr. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 257 April 28, broke camp and moved to mouth of White Oak Creek, near Pollocks Mill, ~vhere bridges were thrown across the Rappahannock River during the night. On morning of the 29th, First ~ivision crossed bridge, Second and Third Divisions remaining in pos~ition on north side of river. April 30, position the same. May 1, the First 1)ivision remained on the south side of the iRappa- hannock River, below Fredericksburg. The Second and Third Divis- ions lay on the road, on north side of the river, near the lower pontoon bridges, at Pollocks Mill Crossing. May 2, First Division recrossed and marched to United States Ford, a distance of 26 miles, leaving about 9 a. in., the enemy shelling as it was leaving. Crossed the river at that point on the pontoons, and about 11 p. m. the remaining divisions (Second and Third) reached the scene of action. May 3, about 1 a. in., took position in line of battle on the extreme right of the army and on road leading to Elys Ford. The First Divis- i on, having come up at daylight, during the day constructed breast- works. May 4 and 5, remained in same position. A part of the Third Divis- ion made a reconnaissance. May 6, marched back to United States Ford, and recrossed the river at same place; thence to near Berea Chnrch, and bivouacked for the night. May 7, marched to the present camp. May 21, at daylight, the Second and Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers, Nineteenth Indiana, and Twenty-fourth 1W ichigari Volunteers marched down the Northern Neck as a support to the Eighth Regiment Illinois Cavalry, then scouting in the lower part of that section of the conntry. Bivouacked for the night at MilIville. May 22, marched to Mattox Creek and rebuilt the bridge over that stream; thence to Leesville, and bivouacked for the night. May 23, marched back to Oak Grove and in the direction of West- moreland Court-House. May 24, marched to Westmore]and Court-House, where the command joined the Eighth Illinois Cavalry on their return. May 25 and 26, marched back to camp, arriving there at 12 m. of the latter day. No. 25. Report of Cot. Charles S. Wainwright, First New York Light Artillery, Chief of Artillery. CAMP NEAR WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., May 11, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the batteries of the First Corps in the late operations around Fredericksburg: In accordance with orders, the corps broke camp about noon on the 28th ultimo, and proceeded down the White Oak Church road, where the batteries were parked together, about half-way to the river road, for the night. By daylight on the 29th, the folio wing batteries were posted on the heights above and below Pollocks Mill by Lieutenaiii~-Qolonei Waiiier 17 U UVOL XXV, PT Page 258 258 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. and myself, to cover the crossing, in accordance with directions received from you the previous day: Reynolds, Halls, Amsdens, and Coopers (twenty 3-inch guns) above the mill; Ed gells, Thompsons, and Rick- etts (fourteen 3-inch guns) below the mill. Soon after, Ransoms battery (six light 12-pounders) was posted on the first rise between the road and the river. The enemy held the opposite bank with 400 or 500 men, one regiment, the Ninth Louisiana, in a large rifle-pit directly in front of where the head of the bridge was to rest, the others as skirmishers along the bank. Our engineers had not succeeded in throwing the bridge before daylight, as intended, and the fire of the enemys sharp- shooters was quite brisk, as well as that of the regiment in the rifle-pit. The fog lifted about 8.3() oclock, and the rifle-pit was slowly shelled by the batteries on the hill. A regiment coming down to relieve or re- enforce them was scattered and severely handled by our artillery fire. At 10 oclock, two regiments of infantry were thrown across, in boats, and the rifle-pit carried, with about 100 prisoners. During these opera- tions, the 3-inch batteries expended 160 rounds of ammunition in nearly equal proportion of shrapnel, fuse, and percussion-shell, and Captain Ransom fired 3 rounds. The firing was good, that of Captain Coopers battery (which held the best position for a crossfire on the pit) par- ticularly so. The bridges having been established aIl(l the First I)ivis- ion posted on the opposite bank, everything remained quiet for the rest of the day. April 30.At uioon, Stewarts and ~ batteries were moved across the river and l)laeed in position on the crest directly above the head of the bridges, so as to command the plain as far as the Bowling Green road. About 5 p. in. the enemy opened from four 20-pounder Parrott guns, placed on the height on which they had their batteries in the engage- ment of this corps in December last. Their fire was first directed on the infantry of the Second an(l Third Divisions, massed on the fiat on this side of the river. These being- withdrawn, ihey tuined their atten- tion to the batterVs on the hills, and just before dark fired a few shots at Stewarts aiid Ransoms batteries. Their practice was very good, injuring a number of the inThntry and severely wounding one of Lieu- tenant Stewarts men. So soon as our infantry were withdrawn, we opened fi om three batteries on the heights below the mill,- firing 138 rounds. The distance was about 3,400 yards, too great for certain practice with the 3-inch guns. The elevation rcqniied was found to be 14 degrees, and time fifteen and a half seconds br a flotchkiss fuse- shell. The Schenkl percussion was found to work best at this distance. About an hour before dark, Lieutenant-Colonel Wariier moved a sec- tion of Tatts battery of 20-pounder Parrotts out on the road above Travelers Rest, and opened on the enemys battery. A t~w Whitworth shot were fired from a gun of the enemy posted below the Massaponax, doing no damage. The firing ceased at dark. After dark one section of Stewarts battery was moved up to the front of the brick house~ Pratts within our lines on the opposite bank, and be fore daylight Ran- soms battery was withdrawn from that side and replaced by Reynolds (six 3 inch guns). Our whole front was covered with a rifle-pit, and small earthworks throw-n up in front of the guns. May 1.Everythiug continued quiet through the day, the batteries remaining in the saume position, except that of Ainsdens (four 3-inch guns) was moved down the river to Tm-a velers Rest, to rCl)laCe one of the reserve batteries ordered up to Banks Ford, and Lieutenant Blucher reported with six 20-pounder Parrot Is (Twenty-ninth New Yoi-k Battery), and was placed in position on the left of time other batteries on the cres Page 259 ChAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 259 in front of iii e Fitzhugh house. Large bodhs of the enemy were seen moving up the river. Our lookouts rei)or~ c(1 nine batteries, of fifty gnus. May 2.I received or(lers to withdraw across the river and proceed to the United States Ford. Sooii after, the ra ovement commenced, and about 8 a. in. the enemy opened with 20-pounder Parrotts, above men- tioned, and also with two 10-pounder Parrotts stationed on the same crest. Their fire was directed on our bridge and at Reynolds battery, stationed immediately in front of it. Captain Reynolds replied deli ber- ately and with good effect, exploding one of their ammunition chests. The batteries on the hill also opened, and with much better effect than on the 30th ultimo, the range having been pretty accurately ascertained at that time. Lieutenant Blucher did good service with his 20-pound ers after he had ascertained the range and got his men quieted down. The enemys battery was silenced in about an hour. Captain Reynolds and Lieutenant Blucher, however, continued to throw occasional shots into their position for half an hour longer, until all our troops were with. drawn. The enemys fire was rapid and accurate, destroying one of the pontoons and wounding 10 men (I mortally) in Reynolds battery; three of his limbers were also struck and more or less damaged, and 10 horses killed. The battery was exceedingly well handled, the firing being car- ried on coolly and deliberately. The troops having been withdrawn, the batteries proceeded up the river, Rai~sorn, Stewart, and Cooper with their divisions; the remainder by an inner road, under my own command. We arrived at the United States Ford about dark, and lay that night near the brick hospital, half a mile in front of the bridges. ASItnday, ]lfay 3On proceeding to the front, I found the First Corps occupying the right of the army, along the road leading from Chancel- lorsville to Elys Ford. By direction of General Reynolds, Halls (six 3-inch guns), Ransoms, and Stewarts (twelve light 12-pounders) bat. teries were brought up and posted where our lines made a bend to the rear, about one-third of a mile from the point at which the road crosses Huntin_ Creek. Their guns were afterward protected with small earth. works, and remained in this position without being engaged until with. drawn on the night of the 5th. Captain Leppiens battery (Fifth Maine) had been ordered to this position instead of Captain Ransoms, but, on arriving at the Chancellorsville and Elys Ford road, was turned off by order of General Hooker, and sent out to Chancellorsville. In the engagement at that point on the 3d, this battery suffered very severely, losing 3 officers and 25 men; also 43 horses killed and wounded. The battery seeme(l to have behaved excellently, and, with the aid of a body of General hancocks troops, brought off all their guns. I was not l)resent in this engagement, and would refer for particulars to the rel)ort of Lieutenant Stevens, a copy of which is appended,* During the day Amsdens battery (frur 3-inch guns) was moved to the front and pOste(l by Captain Weed on his left front. Toward evening, Edgeil, with six 3-inch guns, relieved Puttk miners battery, on the same front, and Ilicketts, with Thur 3-inch guns, relieved ~eeleys battery, on Cap- tain Weeds right front. Aiasden was engaged in the actions of that afternoon and also the next morning, having 1 officer and 8 men wounded; the other two batteries were also engaged to a small extent. These batteries at the time were not under my command, and do not report anything deserving your attention. May 4.Reynolds battery was moved up to relieve Knaps battery on a small knoll. about 100 yards in the rear of the Chancellorsville See p. 284 Page 260 260 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. and Elys Ford road, and half a mile west of the road to the bridges. Wiedrichs battery, of the Eleventh Corps, also held the same position. They were not engaged at all an of the 5th. , d were safely withdrawn on the night May 5.Everything remained quiet along our lines during the day. So soon as it was dark I commenced withdrawing the batteries sta- tioned along the front of the First Corps. Wiedrichs and Iieynold& passed off without trouble, but the road by which the three b tteries on our left were to have withdrawn havin~ being rendered impassable by the heavy rain, they were obliged to go around by the main road, and the bridges having been damaged, were ordered back to their old posi- tion after getting half-way to the crossing. In another hour, however, they were again started, and after daylight on the morning of the 6th all the batteries of the corps were again on this side of the river. With the exception of Thompsons and Coopers batteries, they at once proceeded on their march back to White Oak Church. These two batteries were posted on the heights below the bridges, to cover their removal, and during the afternoon had a sharp engagement with some of their guns at about 1,400 yards, in which Thompson lost 1 killed and 3 wounded. The enemy were driven from their guns and several of their chests exploded. It has been difficult to make the above report satisfactory, as the batteries, of the corps were much scattered, and, except during the ope- rations below Fredericksburg, those that were engaged were not under my own command at the time. So far as I have been able to learn, the officers and men behaved well. I would submit the following observations in regard to the 3-inch projectiles. The Schenkl common fuse worked well, but can only be used within 2,500 yards. The head of the fuse was found in some cases to stick in the hollow at the end of the rammer, and the shot displaced after being sent home, causing it to fail in taking the grooves. The Hotchkiss shell and shrapnel did well, but the paper fuses were far from certain. This was doubtless partly owing to the dampness of the atinos- phere and the powder in the fuse-head having got more or less rubbed off by abrasion in the chests. Both these difficulties are removed by the new mode of putting up fuses, I notice, in some of these issued since our return. For certainty, both of flight and extlosion, I give the preference to the Schenkl percussion-shell over any other projectile. The march from our first position to the ford was a hard one on horses and harness, and much of the latter was broken. I would re- spectfully call the attention of the Ordnance Department, through you, to the fact that the harness issued at the commencement of this war is now nearly worn out, and that there will soon be a necessity for its re- placement. Of the officers and men deserving especial approbation, I would men- tion First Lient. A. B. Twitchell, Fifth Maine Battery, who, though twice wounded and his clothing badly burned at the commencement of the engagement at Chancellorsville, continued to command his sec- tion until struck the third time; also Sergt. Amos Gibbs, of Battery L, First New York, who, though badly wounded in the shoulder by a shell, l)ersisted in remaining at his piece after being permitted to go to the rear by his captain. I remain, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. S. WAINWIIiGHT, colonel and Chief of Artiller~y, First Corps. ~Brig. Gen. llE~uY J. Hu~3, Chief of Artillery, Army of the Potomac Page 261 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 261 No. 26~ Report of Lient. Col. John A. Kress, Ninety-J~urth Neu Yorh infantry, Acting Assistant inspector- General. First Dirision, with congratula- tory orders. CAMP NEAR THE FJTZHUGH HOUSE VA , .7 May 11, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report the movements of the First Division, First Army Corps, since April 27. Left camp at Belle Plain, Va., April 28; marched to a point near Pollocks Mill, which we re~ ched about 9 p. m. Moved with pontoons to the bank of the Happahannock at 12 p. m. Had twenty pontoons in the river just before daylight, when the enemy discovered us and fired a volley of musketry from the opposite shore. Posted skirmishers along the river to protect the boats as much as possible by their fire. At length received orders to cross at all hazards. The Sixth Wisconsin, Colonel Bragg, and Twenty-fourth Michigan Volunteers, Colonel Mor- row, both of the Fourth Brigade, moved to the river at double-quick, by the right of companies, .Juml)ed into the boats, and crossed in the face of a deadly fire; seized and held the heights; killed 5 or 6 rebels and captnred 90, including Lieutenant-Colonel [Joseph] Hanlon, Sixth Louisiana, and several other officers. The balance of the Fonrth Brigade were doubled-quicked to the bank, formed in line, and opened on the enemy, to distract their attention as much as possible from the men in the boats. The latter lost but 1 man while in the boats. The Second and Seventh Wisconsin and Nineteenth Indiana crossed in the pontoons as soon as they returned. The bridge was built qnickly, and the whole division had crossed in safety by 10.30 or 11 a. m. Enemys picket line in strength was formed along the Bow- ling Green road, about 50 yards from our own. April 30.Commenced throwing up intrenchments with logs from barns and huts. These were well under way when the enemy opened with shell and prevented the completion of the works, which were, how- ever, completed before daylight of the next day, and were nearly 1 mile in length, presenting a line almost impossible for the enemy to take. May 1.Troops lay quiet all day. May 2.Ordered to recross the river. The movement was effected with slight loss in broad da5 light, undei a terrific shelling, which sunk one of the pontoons while the troops were crossing, killed 8 horses in Battery L, First New York Artillery, and 2 men. Total loss of division, in killed, wonnded, and missin o-, 154. Immediately after recrossing, the division marched to the United States Ford, reaching the neighborhood of the ford about 12 p. m.,and crossing the bridges about 3 a. m. We were posted on the right of the army near Elys Ford, on the liapidan, where we remained during May 4 and 5. Recrossed the river on the morning of May 6, marched to Brewers house, bivouacked, and moved next day to our present en- campment. The officers of the command seem to think it impossible for the men to carry eight days rations; still, they will probably become accustomed to it. Respectfully submitted. JOHN A. KItESS, Lieutenant- Colonel and Acting Assistant Inspector- General. Lieut. Col. H. C. BANKHEAD, Assistant Inspector- General, First Corps Page 262 262 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAr. XXXVIL GENE1~AL ORDERS, HDQRS. 1ST Drvisiox, 1ST ARMY CORPS, No. 40. May 9, 1863. The general commanding, availing himself of the temporary repose now enjoyed by his command to review the operations of the past few days, deems it proper to express his thanks to Colonel Bragg, Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers, Colonel Morrow, Twenty-fourth Michigan Vol- unteers, and the gallant mcii under their command, for the heroic man- ner in which they crosse(l the iRappahannock and seized the heights on the opposite shore on the 29th of April; and likewise to Brigadier- General Meredith and the whole of the Fourth Brigade for the prompt- ness with which they followed in this daring enterprise. The skill and courage with which Captain IReynolds Battery L, First New York Ar- tillery, returned the enemys fire, the boldness exhibited by the Four teenth New York State Militia as skirmishers, and the steadiness of the whole command during the advance and retreat, have afforded the general coinmandin g the highest gratification and inspired him with entire confidence in the troops of this division. By command of Brigadier-General Wadsworth: JOHN A. KRESS, Lieutenant. Colonel and Acting Assistant Inspector- General. No. 27. Report of Gol. Walter Phelps, Jr., Twenty-second New Yorlc Infantry, commanding First Brigade. NEAR FJTZHUGIIS HOUSE, VA., May 7, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following rel)ort of the part taken by this brigade (luring the late operation or the division iii the passage of the Rappahanneck at the Fitzhugh Crossing, Wednesday, April 29, and its subsequent crossing at the United States Ford Satur- day, May 2, and its operations on the right: Tuesday, April 28, the command left Belle Plain, having the advance of the column, and bivouacked at 5.30 ~ m. of that day about a mile from the IRappahannock, near the Fitzhngh Crossing. At 10.30 p. m. I received orders to move my brigade to the river, accompanying the pontoon train, which was then in motion. Three eighths of a mile from the river the pontoon train halted, and the boats having been unloaded, by order of General Wadsworth, commanding the division, I detailed the Twenty-second, Twenty-fourth, and Thirtieth Regiments New York Volunteers to carry them by hand to the crossing. The Fourteenth New York State Militia was detached temporarily to act as skirmishers. Several of the boats were transported to the river by the men. It was found impracticable to transport all in this manner, however, and the Thirtieth was relieved from this duty, the Fourteenth New York State Militia and the Twentysecond and Twenty-fourth New York Volun- teers being detailed on the duty specified. The Thirtieth IRegimemitwas unemployed during the morning, remaining in position about a quarter ot a mile from the river bank. The Twenty-second and Twenty-fourth Regiments assisted in unloading the boats that reached the river be- tween 3 and 4 a. m. of the 29th, and in launching them. While em- ployed on this duty they were subjected to the continuous iii~ of the enemy, posted in rifle-pits on the opposite side of the river. At thi Page 263 Out XXXVII.] TILE CUANCELLOJIbVILLE CAMPAIGN. 268 I iwo a sudden volley from the enemy threw the teams into disorder. The stackS of arms of the Twenty-second were run over by them and 2 men of the regiment severely injured. The Fourteenth New York State Militia was then moved forward and deployed as skirmishers along the river bank. At the same time the Twenty-second was moved to a point near the bank designated by Lieutenant-Colonel Kr~ss, of General Wadsworths stat Both regimeuts did good service at these points. After the crossing of the two regiments of the Fourth Brigade, the Twenty-fourth wa~ employed in building the bridges on this side and the Twenty-second ordered across the river to do the same. About 10 a. m. the Second Brigade, of this division, crossed on the bridge, and the Fourteenth, Twenty-second, and Twenty-fourth Regiments, having bompleted the duty assigned them, Joined the command, and the First Brigade also crossed, forming line of battle on the brow of the hill the Second being on my right, the Fourth on my left, and the Third Laing in my rear, under the hill. We remained in this position during the day and night of Wednesday, April 29. Thursday, April30, about 12 in., Stewart7s battery having been posted in front of my line, I was ordered to move to the left, joining theFourth Brigade. This position I retained until the division recrossed the river on the Saturday following. The next day the enemys batteries opened on our lines, but.there was but 1 man wounded by their fire in my bri- gade. During the night of Thursday, by order of General Wadsworth, substantial rifle-pits were thrown up along my entire front, in which the men took position at daybreak on the morning of Friday, May 1. Nothing unusual occurred during the day. There was no picket Snug and the enemys batteries did not open. 1 picketed my own brigade front during the time we were in position across the river. Saturday morning, May 2, the enemys batteries opened upon our lines, but were handsomely replied to by our batteries and effectually silenced. At 9 a. m. I received orders to move my brigade across the river, after which the picket line was to fall slowly back to the rifle- pits and then crossalso. This movement was safely executed, and my brigade picket left in command of Captain [Walter ~1 Tillman~ acting assistant adjutant-general, who withdrew the line safely, and joined the command on this side about tO a. m. At 10.30 a. m. the division moved toward the United States Ford, this brigade being third in column. At 9 p. m. bivouacked about 2 miles from the ford, making a march of about 20mies during the day. At 1.30 a. in., Sunday, May 3, received orders to move toward the. river and cross at the United States Ford. The column crossed about 3 a. m. At 4.30 a. m. (ieneral Wadsworth, in person, designated the position for this brigade to occupy, and at 6 oclock this brigade, with others of the division, occupied a position on the right of tile general line, near the one occupied by the Eleventh Corps the night before. Here the troops threw up rifle-pits, and prepared such defenses as the character of the ground and the material to be obtained admitted. During Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, and Tuesday night, we held this position, nothing occurring except an occasional order to form line of battle. Wednesday, May 6, at 3 a. in., I received ordeis to recross the river, which was accomplished with the other brigades of the division at (I a. in., when the line of march was resumed. At Op. in. we bjvouacked near the point occupied by the division when the advance was made in January last, under M& jor-General Jiumnside Page 264 264 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXX Vii Thursday, May 7, the march was resumed, and at 4.30 p. m. of that day this brigade bivouacked near the Fitzhngh house, where the corn- mand still remains. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of the officers and men of my command during the movements above enumerated. They appeared to vie with each other in the discharge of the various duties assigned them, and I take great pleasure in alluding to their general efficiency and gallantry. A list of the casualties has already been forwarded you.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WALTER PHELPS, Jm, Capt. T. E. ELLSWORTII, Colonel, Commanding. Aide-de-Camp and Acting Assistant Adjutant- Ueneral. No. 28. keport of Brig. Gen. Lysander Cutler, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade. IIDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST DIV., FIRST ARMY CoRPs, May 10, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report in relation to this command during the recent operations of the army against the enemy: On the 28th ultimo, by orders from the general commanding the division, I broke camp at Belle Plain, and at 12 m. marched in the direction of the river, near the Fitzhugh house. Encamped in the woods 2 miles from the river. At 1 a. in., on the 29th, moved forward to the river, arriving in the vicinity of the ferry at daylight, where I halted, deploying one regi. ment (the Fifty-sixth Pennsylvania) as skirmishers to cover the move- ments of the Fourth Brigade in endeavoring to lay the pontoon bridges. Here the Fifty-sixth lost 2 killed and 8 wounded. At about 10 oclock the Fourth Brigade was sent across in boats, and cleared the rifle-pits of the enemy. My command at once moved the bridges down to the river, and in a very short time had them laid, when I moved niy brigade over to the support of the Fourth Brigade, taking my position as ordered, my right resting near the Pratt house, my left extending toward the crossing, where it was soon joined by the First Brigade, the Third Brigade, Brigadier-General Paul, in my rear. This position was maintained by inc with no material change, except to throw up intrenchments for the protection of the men, until the morning of May 2, when, by orders, we withdrew from the trenches, and, nuder cover of the river bank, moved up to Sedgwicks bridges and joined the division on the road leading to Falmouth, when we took up the line oC march for the United States Ford, in the vicinity of xvhich we halted at 7.30 p. m. Early the next morning we crossed the river, aiid moved forward to join the army near Chancellorsville. Arrived during the engagement of the Third Corps, and was immediately ordered into line as a support to General Sykes Regulars, then holdino ville to the liapidan. ~ the road from Chancellors- EmboJied in revised ~taternents, pp. 173, 174 Page 265 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 265 My position alternated between that and the trenches Hiltil the even- ing of the 5th, when I was ordered to the right, as a support to the bat- teries, and was subsequently directed to cover the retreat of the right of the army across the Rappahannock on the morning of the 6th instant, which duty I performed. The several regiments of this brigade behaved with great coolness during the time they were under fire from the enemy~s batteries, on April 29 and 30 and May 1 and 2, and were at all times ready and eager to be led into action. The One hundred and forty-seventh New York Vohin- teers were under fire for the first time, and behaved with the coolness of veterans. The Fifty-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers was the only regi- ment under musketry fire to any extent. The artillery fire, however, to which they were subjected, and to which they could not reply, was quite as trying to the courage of the men. The men behaved with perfect coolness, and satisfied rue that they can be trusted at all times. The casualties have heretofore been reported, and amounted in the aggregate to 3 officers and 30 men killed and wounded. 1 am under special obligation to the officers of the command for the manner in which they kept their commands closed up on the marcha roll-call Od coming into camp on the 7th instant showing only about 20 men improperly absent. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, L. CUTLER, Brigadier- General, Commanding Second Brigade. Capt. T. E. ELLSWORTII, Aide-de- Camp and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 29. Report of Brig. Gen. Gabrre~ B. Paul, U. S. Army, Commanding Third Brigade. CAMP TQEAR WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., May 20, 1863. SIR: In compliance with orders from headquarters of the First Divis- ion, First Army Corps, I have the honor to report the part taken by my brigade during the operations of the Army of the Potomac against the enemy from April 28 to May 6, 1863. The Third Brigade, consisting of the Twenty-second, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Regiments New Jersey Volunteers and the One hundred and thirty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, left camp, near Belle Plain, on April28; marched toward the Rappahannock, via White Oak Church, and encamped about 2 miles from the river. Left camp at midnight, and halted near the crossing, several miles below Freder- icksburg, where it was held in reserve until about 12 in., when it was ordered forward; crossed the river without opposition on a pontoon bridge, and took post on the crest of the bank on the west side of the river, and at nightfall the Thirty-first New Jersey was moved into rifle- pits in front. In this position the brigade remained quietly until May 2, when the enemy opened their batteries on us, doing, however, but little damage, the troops being J)artially protected by the bank. In the midst of the heaviest firing, I received orders from the division commander to recross the river with my brigade, which was done with some loss, the enemy having the exact range of the bridge. Many fragments of shell fell o Page 266 266 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. and around the bridge during the passage of the troops, and one shell struck it, arid, exploding, destroyed one of the 1)olitoons and part of the flooring of the bridge, obliging the One hundi~ed and thirty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, about to cross, to return to the shelter of the river bank while the damage was being repaired. After crossing, a few n~ore casualties occurred. The brigade was then marched toward the United States Ford, crossing the river near that point at about 3 a. in. on May 3, and took a position on the right of the army, forming a sup. port for the first line. On the 4th, moved to the extreme right, forming with two regiments a continuation of the first line, supported by two regiments in the sec- ond line, and on the 5th, at 4p.m., sent the Twenty-second New Jersey Volunteers about a mile to the right, forming a line near the ilapidan. At about 10 p. m. the same day, during a heavy rain, marched the bri- gade toward the United States Ford, which point was nearly reached at midnight, when countermanding orders were received. The brigade retraced its steps, and its former position was nearly reached, when orders were received to march again toward the crossing, and this was finally accomplished early on the morning of May 6. The troops were very much fatigued, having marched an(l countermarched all night in the mud and exposed to a drenching rain. It is with pleasure that I can testify to the zeal displayed by the troops of my command, who were anxious lbr an opportunity to meet the enemy face to face. Although never before under fire, they showed great coolness when exposed to it, and would have given a good account of themselves in a closer conflict with the enemy. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant;, G. 11. PAUL, Brigadier- General of Volunteers, Commanding I3riyade. AcrIN~ ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL, Headquarters First Division, First Army Corps. No. 30. Report of Brig. Gen. Solomon Meredith, U. S. Army, commanding Fourth Brigade. CAMP NEAR FLTzHUGHs CRossING, VA., May 28, 1863. CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders from headquarters First Divi- sion, First Army Corps, I have the honor to submit the following re- port of the part taken by my command, the Fourth Brigade, in the recent operations of the Army of the Potomac against the enemy: The brigade, consisting of the Second, Sixth, and Seventh Wisconsin Volunteers, the Nineteenth Indiana Volunteers, and the Twemity-fourth Michigan Volunteers, broke camp near Belle Plain Landing at 12 in. on April 28; marched west, passing near White Oak Church, to within 2 miles of the IRappahannock, at Fitzhughs Crossing, where w~ were halted until 12 midnight, when I received orders to move my command to the bank of the river and prepare for an aggressive movement. The brigade, however, moved slowly, in consequence of time delay in getting forward the pontoons. It was not until daylight that we got upon the river bank, at the place selecte(l for our crossing, and, fortunately, a heavy fog bscured us from view nntil sunrise, whcn the enemy opened a brisk fire upon us from their rifle-pits, which continued ror some time Page 267 CBAP. XXXVII.] TIlE CIIANCELLORSVJLLE UAMPAJGN. 267 and interfered with getting the boats to the bank ai~d into position for a crossing. At this juncture the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers, Cob onel Bragg, and Twenty-fourth Michigan Volunteers, Colonel Morrow, were ordered to the front, and to deploy along the bank of the river and return the fire. The movement was promptly executed, and a brisk engagement ensued, which lasted for a few iriinutes. At this time the trool)s engaged in laying the l)ontoons had fallen hack in great disorder, when the Second and Seventh Wisconsin and the Nineteenth Indiana Volunteers were deployed, under cover of a slight crest running parallel to the river, and ordered to lie down, by which me ns they were to some extent protected from the enemys fire. The Fourteenth Brooklyn being deployed as skirmishers and moving toward the river, the Sixth Wisconsin and the Twenty-fourth Michigan fell back to the position occupied by the other three regiments of the biigade. At 9 a. m. the brigade was ordered to cross the river in boats arid drive the enemy from their I)osition, the Sixth Wisconsin and Twenty- fourth Michigan moving in the a(Ivance, immediately followed l)y the Second and Seventh Wisconsin, and the Nineteenth Indian a. Volunteers moving up in double-quick. A part of the Second Wisconsin had been ordered to bring forward the pontoons, which it performed in fine st~ he, under a shower of musketry. The Second and Seventh Wisconsin and Nineteenth Indiana Volunteers opened fire on the enemy, which was continued for a few minutes, until the pontoons could be l)laced in -the water, when the whole brigade crossed, under a direct and enfilading fire, charged the rifle-pits, killing 30, wounding a large number, and capturing nearly 200 prisoners. The cool courage displayed by Colonel Bragg, of the Sixth Wiscon- sin, and Colonel Morrow, of the Twenty-fourth Michigan, and the offi- cers and men of their commands, in crossing the river and charging the enemys works, entitle them to the highest praise. The Second Wis- cousin, Colonel Fairchild; the Seventh Wisconsin, Colonel Robinson, an(l the Nineteenth Indiana, Colonel Williams, in promptly supporting the Sixth Wisconsin and Twenty-fourth Michigan in their rapid and enthusiastic movements in crossing, are also entitled to the admiration of their superior officers. The Sixth Wisconsin immediately formed and moved to the right as far as the Bernard house. The Twenty-fourth formed the left, while the Second and Seventh Wisconsin and Nineteenth In(liana Volunteers formed a line to cover the laying of the pontoons. Skirmishers were immediately thrown to the front. As soon as the bridge was completed, the brigade was moved to the left, to prevent a flank movement should the enemy make the attempt, the Twenty-fourth having its left resting on the IRappahannock, and the regiment lying at right angles with the river, the Nineteenth Indiana, with its left resting on the right of the Twenty-fourth, and parallel to the river, the Seventh and Second Wis- consin continuing the line, the Sixth, with its right on the Ilappahan- nock, its left joining the Second. Around this parallelogram was a ditch, in which the men took shelter. The men lay upon their arms all night. 1)uring the forenoon of the 30th the men were busy improving their (lefenses, which were made quite secure by 4 p. ni., when the enemy ol)ened fire upon us from a battery on a hill commanding our position an(l directly in our front. Two men of the Twentyfonrth Michigan were killed and 2 wounded. Major Finnicum, of the Seventh Wiscon- sin, was hit by a fragment of a shell, but injure(l slightly. During the night, intrenching trools being fnri~ished, the men were at work on the intrenchments Page 268 268 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. xxxvii. May 1, expecting an attack, the troops were ordered under arms at 4 p. m. in the trenches, and remained there until dark. May 2, the brigade withdrew from their trenches, and, under cover of the river bank, to the bridge, and recrossed the Rappahannock. Moved at 9 a. in., resting a few moments to allow the pickets to join us, a part of whom assisted in saving the boats. The brigade moved along the River road to the Catlett road; then to near Hartwood Church; thence to within about 2 nilles of the United States Ford, where we were ordered to encamp at 10 p. m. At 2 a. m. (3d instant), the brigade was again formed, and, crossing at the United States Ford, advanced to the front, where, at 6 a. in., it was deployed in line of battle, the Twenty-fourth, Nineteenth, Seventh, and Second forming in rear of Sykes division, and the Sixth 15 paces in rear of the Twenty-fourth. The men were ordered to throw up de- fenses in front of the line, which were completed at I ~ in., the men lying on their arms, momentarily expecting an attack. The Twenty-fourth was here detached and moved to the right, on the Rapidan, where it did picket duty until our forces recrossed the river. On the 4th instant the men were in position. On the 5th instant the men in position. Received orders to march at 2 a. m. Moved by a new road cut through the woods to the United States Ford, where we arrived shortly after daybreak, when we were ordered to fall back to the crest, and, forming in two lines of battle, faced to the rear, when I ordered the men to make cof6~e. At 8 a. in., the troops in our advance having crossed, I ordered the brigade to move across the Rappahannock. A heavy rain had been falling since dark of the preceding day. We moved to and by the Cat- lett road to near flartwood Church, where the brigade encamped at 5 p.m. At 8 a. in. on the 6th, the troops were again in motion. We marched to White Oak Church, thence to near Fitzhughs farm, where the brigade is still encamped. Of the troops of this command I cannot speak too highly. With heroic fortitnde and bravery, on the bloody fields of Gainesville, Bull Run, South Mountain, Autictamn, Fredericksburg, and their late gal- lant strnggle in forcing a crossing of the Rappahannock River, they have won for themselves imperishable honors. To officers and men I wish to award the credit of their noble deeds and thank them for win- ning for themselves so enviable a reputation. 1 respectfully request that the general commanding the army make hQnorable mention of the officers and men of this command for their gallantry in crossing the river on April 29. I am greatly indebted to the officers of my staffCapt. J. D. Wood, assistant adjutant-general; Capt. II. Richardson, acting assistant in- spector-general; Lients. S. H. Meredith, aide-dc-camp, and C. C. Ye- mans, acting aide-dc-campfor their promptness in the discharge of their duties on the battle-field and on the march. Accompanying this, please find tabular statement of the casualties of the command.* Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. MEREDITH, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Capt. T. E. ELL5WORTII, A. D. C. and A. A. 0., First Division, First Army Corps. Embodied in revised statement, p. 173 Page 269 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 269 No. 31. Report of Cot. Samuel J. Williams, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry. CAMP IN THE FIELD. ]Jfay 11, 1863. SIR: In compliance with circular from brigade headquarters, I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my regi- nient (the Nineteenth Indiana Volunteers) in the operations of the Army of the Potomac, commencing April 29 and closing on May 6: Early on the morning of April 29, my regiment advanced in line of battle, supporting the Twenty-fourth Michigan Volunteers, to th~ bank of the Ilappahannock, under a sharp fire of musketry, sustaining a loss of 1 man killed and 3 wounded. We then embarked in the pontoon boats and crossed, and immediately formed a line of battle on the heights above. We advanced in line to the left, and halted in a meadow, where we deployed Company B as skirmishers, and lay on our arms for about one hour, when, by order of General Meredith, we fell back under the crest of the river bluff. In the afternoon we were ordered to occupy the position then held by the Sixth Wisconsin, about one-fonrth of a mile to the left, which I did, and my regiment lay on their arms all night. Considerable rain fell during this time. Companies B and K were ~n picket in our front all night. About 10 a. m. on the 30th, moved, by order of General Meredith, still farther to the left, taking the ground held during the night by the Twenty-fourth Michigan, and on the left and front of a small piece of timber, where we at once commenced to throw up earthworks as a pro- tection against the eriemy~s shells, one of which struck and burst in our half completed works in front of Company F. No damage was done. Without this defense it would most probably have killed and wounded 5 or 6 men. On Friday morning, May 1,1 sent four companies, under Major Lind- ley, to the front and left, to finish and hold a small earthwork com- menced by the Twenty-fourth Michigan. In this position we remained until the morning of Saturday, May 2, keeping out from one to two companies day and night as pickets and skirmishers, when, by order, we fell back behind the river bluff and recrossed to this side, leaving Company K, Capt. William Orr, a~ skir- mishers, who remained until all the force had crossed, and then fell back in good order to the pontoons, rejoining his regiment some 2 or 3 miles from the river, on this side. Encamped for the night some 3 miles from the United States Ford. We were under arms at 2 a. m. on Sunday; crossed the pontoon bridge at about 4 a. in., and moved to our position on the Gordonsville and Fredericksburg pike, supporting a regiment of the Second Division. - In this position we remained until the morning of the 6th, when we 1~dll back to the bank of the river and stacked arms. We were under arms again in about two hours, and crossed the river to this side; marched to llartwood Church, and encamped for the night. On the morning of the 7th, we got und1er arms and marched to our present camp. In closing, let me say I cannot too highly praise the conduct of the officers and men under my command. Their courage and coolness under fire, the promptness with which they obeyed my orders, the way the Page 270 270 N. VA., W. VA.; MD., AND PA. (Oua. XX~SVIL men kept closed up on the march, and the assistance rendered me by my officers, was all a commander could ask. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant SAMUEL J. WiLLIAMS, Colonel Nineteenth IndMna VeinsMere. Capt. 3. D. WooD, Aee~eWnt A4jntat-Genernl. No. 82. Report of VoL Luef.se FairehiW, Second Wieconefu. Iufefl. XmAs WHITE Oa OmaN, VA., If ag 9, 1868. Sn: I have the honor to report the following as .the movements of this re~ment ~der my command, during the late engagements: I marched from the winter camp, near B~ Plain, at 12 in., April 28; bivouacked between White Oak Church and the Eappahannock River; turned out at li.30 oclock the same night and moved to the river, where we arrived at daylight The engineers, in their attempt to lay the pon- toon bridge, haying been driven away, I was ordered to man the pon- toon wagons and ran them to theriver, for which purpose I detailed Companies B, E, and D, which gallantly rushed the, boats to the river bank, under a sharp fire from the enemy, posted in rifle-pits on the other side. At the sam time, by order, the balance of the regiment moved at doable-quick to the bank of the river, to assist in covering the crossing of the Sixth Wisconsin and Twenty-fourth Michigan Vol- unteers, who were embarking in pontoon boats. At the hank a brisk fire was opened on the enemy, who were pouring a sharp fire from the pita on those attempting to cross. As soon as the leading regiments were well embarked, I ordered my men into boats, and crossed as quickly as possible; formed a line on the crest of the bank, and threw out one company as skirmishers in line with others of the brigade. In this position the regiment remained until the pontoon bridges were put down, when the whole division crossed. The regiment was then posted on the left of the bridge with the brigade, and proceeded to intrench the position. During April 29 and 80 and May 1, we lay in the intrenchments, under the occasional fire of the enemy. On the morning of the 24 we recrossed the river and with the bri- gade marched toward the UnitedStates Ford, near wAich we bivouacked until 2 oclock the following morning, when we resumed the narch crossed the river on the pontoon bridge at the United States Ford, and moved toward the battle-field at Chancellorsville. Soon after crossing the river, I was ordered on duty on th0 staff of Brigadier-General Wads. worth, commanding the division, leaving the regiment under the com- mand of Lieutenant-Colonel Stevens, to whose report I refer for the movements of the regiment since that time. During all these movements the officers and men of my regiment bi- liaved in their usual soldierly manner, obeying promptly all orders, and ready at all times to meet the enemy in a proper manner. The casual- ties have neen heretofore reported. I have the honor to be, very resvectfblly1 your obedient servant, FAIRCHILD, Colonel, Oouwnssdissg Second Wisconsin Yolnnteera. Oa~t. 3. U WOOD, Assistant Adintant-GawaL Fourth AHead. Page 271 CHAP. XXXVII.~ THE CHANCELLORSyILLE CAMPAIGN. 271 No.33. Report of Licut. Cot. George H. Stevens, Second Wisconsin Infantry. NEAR FREDERICKSBURG, VA., May 9, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to make the following report of the move- ments of this regiment while under my command: On the morning of the 3d instant, Colonel Fairchild being assigned to duty on General Wadsworths staff; I assumed command of the regi- ment while on the march toxvar(l the battle-fit-Id near Chancellorsville, where we arrived at 6 a. in., forming line of battle on the Elys Ford road and on the right of the Seventh Wisconsin. At 7 a. in. the brigade was massed in the woods on the left of our previous position, my regi- ment forming the rear line of the column. At 9 a. m. we again occu pied the position first taken, which we strengthened by throwing up breastworks covering my entire front. This was continued along the left. We remained in this position until 3 a. m. of the 6th instant. At that hour I received orders to march, and, taking the position assigned to me as rear guard, moved forward in that order. We reached the vicinity of the United States Ford about daylight, where we formed line of battle, to secure the passage over the river of the troops in our ad- vance. About 8 a. in., the bridges being clear, we again formed column, and crossed to this side of the river, encamping the same night on the Falmouth road, near Hartwood Church. At 8.30 a. m. next day we resumed our march toward our present camp. Colonel Fairchild 1-esume(1 colnman(l same day. The regiment. not being engaged with the enemy, met with no loss. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEO. II. STEVENS, Lieutenant- Colonel, Comdg. Second Wisconsin Volunteers. Capt. J. D. WOOD, Asst. Adjt. Gem, Fourth Brig., First Div., First Army Corps. No. 34. Report of Cot. Edward S. Bragg, Sixth Wisconsin Infantry. IN THE FIELD, May 10, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit a report of the part taken by my command in the recent engagements along the line of the Rappa- hannock. On the night of April 28 (ultimo), I received orders to move my com- mand froni its encampment near the Fitzhugh house to the crossing of the Itappahannock in front of the house and between Deep Run and the Massaponax, and, in conjunction with the Twenty-fourth Michigan Vol- unteers, supported by the Second and Seventh XVi~consin and Nine- teenth Jiuliana Volunteers, force a passage of the liver at that point, seize the enemys rifle-pits on the opposite bank of the river, and hold the brick house on the right, to cover the construction of a bridge and the passage of the troops. The command was in motion about 11 p. in., and advanced under the cover of the night near to the bank of the river, but was delayed by the tardiness of the pontoon train until daylight, when the enemy dis- covered our position, and opened a sharp tire of musketry upon th Page 272 [CHAP. XXXVII 272 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. train,, which was abandoned in a great measure by the men in charge and the boats left lying along the bank and some of them in the water. I then received orders to advance my commaPd nuder cover of a stone wall to the river bank and reply to the fire of the enemy, which was done, but with little effect. After maintaining this position for two hours, I withdrew my command under shelter of a ridge a few yards to the rear of, and parallel with, the stream. About 9 a. in., April ~9, I received orders to cross the river and exe- cute the movement previously arranged for the night attack. My com- mand advanced to this perilous duty without faltering, and, under cover of the fire of the Second and Seventh Wisconsin and Nineteenth Indiana Volunteers, and the skirmishers of the Fourteenth Brooklyn, moved by the right of companies down the bank and crossed the river. During the whole time the enemy were within easy range, and, protected by trees and rifle-pits, kept up a constant fire, but fortunately did us compara- tively little damage by reason of the incessant fire kept up by the regi- ments and skirmishers before named. One boat, loaded with men from the Twenty-fourth Michigan, crossed at the same time with my com- mand, followed by the regiment so soon as facilities for crossing could be procured. Without discredit to any regiment, I have the honor to report, with- out the fear of contradiction, that the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers first scaled the bank and their colors first caught the breeze on the southern bank of the Rappahannock on the morning of April 29. Quite a number of prisoners were captured along the bank and in the ride-pits and sent to the opposite shore. I then advanced upon and took the brick house on my right, threw out my skirmishers and pickets, and held the position nutil relieved by the Second Brigade, General Cutler commanding, when I rejoined my brigade, ou the left of the line, where I remaii~ed, in connection with the other regiments of the brigade, intrenching and strengthening the position against attack, until the morning of May 2, when the position was evacuated and the river recrossed. During the whole period of our presence on the south side of the river, the enemy annoyed us at intervals with his artillery, but did little injury. The conduct of every officer and man in my comman(l was splendid. Individual cases cannot be noticed where all did so well, without in a degree reflecting upon others, and for this reason I forbear. My loss was 3 enlisted men killed and 1 officer and 12 enlisted men wounded. May 2.Having recrossed the river we moved to the United States Ford, and on the morning of the 3d crossed the river and moved up to the Elys Ford road, where we went into position and remained until the morning of May 6, when we recrossed the river in safety, having had no casualty in the regiment. The weather was inclement a portion of the time that we were in position on the Elys Ford road, but the men bore the storm and fatigue of the march without a murmur. A disposition to engage and beat the enemy so occupied their uhin(ls that no other feeling had an opportunity to obtain a foothold. I commend them to you as brave and fearless in action, patient and enduring under hardship, men who may have equals, but do not admit superiority. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, EDWD S. BRAGG, Colonel, Commanding Sixth Wisconsiu Yolunteer,~. Capt. J. D. WOOD, Assistant A ~jutant- General, Fourth Brigade Page 273 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 273 No. 35. Report of Col. William W. Robinsom, & venth Wisconsin Tnfantry. IIDQRS. SEVENTH WISCONSIN VOLUNTEERS, ]Jiiay 12, 1S63. Siu: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the regiment under my command, attached to the Fourth Bri- gade, in the late engagements near Fredericksburg: The evening of April 28 found us encamped with the brigade in the woods about 14 miles back from the Itappahannock River, and about 4 miles below Fredericksburg. Between 11 and 12 p. m. of the 28th, the several commanders of the regiments of the brigade were convened at brigade headquarters, when we were informed that the brigade was or- dered to cross -the river in boats at 2 oclock next morning, for the pur- pose of dislodging the enemy from their rifle-pits and houses near the river, and commanding the point where it was intended to lay the pon- toon bridges. At this time we were informed by the general command- ing the brigade of the details of the plan for crossing, and received from him our orders for the execution. The two flank regiments (the Sixth Wisconsin and Twenty-fourth Michigan) were to cross over first; the other regiments (the Second and Seventh Wisconsin and Nineteenth Indiana) were to support them, and cross over as soon as the boats could return. We immediately moved from our camp down near the river, but from some cause unknown to me the boats were not launched nntil daylight, when the enemy opened a brisk fire upon our engineers and skirmishers, which was warmly returned. Our artillery took a po- sition on an elevation in our rear, and shelled the enemy at intervals nntil about 8 a. m, when we were ordered to cross over. We moved down to the river by the right flank in double-quick the Sixth Wisconsin and Twenty-fourth Michigan leading. On reachiAg the bank, I found the Sixth and Twenty-fourth rapidly launching boats and crossing, but most of the men of those regiments still on this bank. The Second was getting into line on my right. The enemy opened a galling fire upon ~us from the opposite bank. I commanded by companies into ~ then formed into line, which movements were executed in double-quick. As the right companies came into line, they opened a return fire upon the enemy. As I had received no other instructions than those above mentioned of the night before, I supposed my regiment was not to enter theboats until the Sixth and Twenty-fourth had passed over, and, in accordance therewith, made the above-mentioned disposition for the purpose of returning the enemys fire. At this time some member of General Wadsworths staff rode up with some excitemeut, and gave orders, not to me, but direct to the regi- ment. These orders were conflicting, one calling out to Fire to the right,~~ or left; another, Cease firing; another, Launch the boats,~~ & c. A mid this din of orders and firing, my own voice was drowned. I went to the right of the regiment, and learned from some staff officer that the general wished the men rushed over without regard to prece- dence of regiments or companies. The command was immediately given; the men sprang forward; launched the remaining boats; jumped into them and others already in the river; passed over; gained the opposite heights, and formed line of battle, with every man in his place in the regi- ment (excepting our killed and wounded) in about twenty minutes from the time of starting from the position we occupied during the morning. When the pontoon bridges were laid, and the balance of the division had come over, we moved with the brigade to the left, and took a posi- 18 R 7~YOL XXV, PT Page 274 274 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII, tion in front of a grove and ravine, where we intrenched and held until the morning of the 2d instant, when the division was ordered to retire aci~oss the river. Our brigade was the last to retire. I received an orderfrorn General Meredith to leave 1150 men back to cover the move- ment and support the pickets in retiring. Company A, First Lieuten- ant Sloat commanding; Company D, Captain Bean; Company C, Cap- tain Newman; Company F, Captain Young, and Company G, First Lieutenai~t Miller commanding, were retained for this purpose. Com- pany E, Captain Pond, was out on picket. After the brigade had re- tired across the river and passed out of range of the enemys guns, the pickets retired in good order, and these companies moved over the river deliberately and handsomely. Captain Newman was left at the bridge, with Companies C and A, to cover the engineers in taking it up. The captain, with his command, rejoined the regiment on the same day at the point where we left the Catlett road, on our way to the United States Ford. At about 5 oclock on the morning of the 3d, we, with the brigade, reached the battlefield of the iRapidan, near Chancellorsville, and were immediately deployed to the right, and close to the point where the bat- tle was at the time raging. This position we occupied till the army retired on the 6th instant. I cannot speak in too high praise of the entire command. Officers and enlisted men performed their whole duty. From the time of leaving Belle Plain, on the 28th ultimo, until we arrived in our present camp on the 7th instant (with the exception of two privates who dropped out without permission before we crossed the river, on account of sickness, they say since their return), every man was at all times to be found in his place. Lient. Col. John B. Callis and Maj. Mark Finnicum rendered efficient assistance in crossing the river on the 29th. Their coolness, prompt- ness, and efficiency during the seven days under fire shows them to be officers to be depended upon in any situation. Adjt. Robert Montieth was always on hand, ready for any and all duties, balls or no balls. Surg. D. Cooper Ayres and Asst. Surg. E. F. Sp~ulding, as usual with them, accompanied th~ regiment on to the field with their instruments, bandages, cordials, and arrangements for prompt care and removal of the wounded. At the crossing of the river, on the 29th, Surgeon Ayres was among the first on the opposite heights, and promptly at work dressing the wounds of friends and foes. Sur- geon Spaulding came over as soon as our wounded on this side were ~red for. It is enough to say of my line officers that they behaved with their usual gallantry. No better officers can be found. The casualties in the regiment have been heretofore reported. In the death of Capt. Alexander Gordon the regiment has met with a heavy loss, which cannot be replaced. He was the last one of the original captains in the line, and one of my most efficient officers; prompt and cheerful in the performance of every duty; remarkably brave under fire, and a congenial, gentlemanly companion. Second Lieut. William 0. Topping was a young officer lately promoted from the grade of sergeant; his fine soldierly qualifications and gentlemanly bearing had won him the esteem of the entire command. Their loss is deeply regretted. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. W. ROBINSON, Colonel, Commanding Seventh Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers. Capt. J. D. WooD, Assistant Adjutant- General, Fourth Brigade Page 275 CHAr. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 275 No. 36. Report of Capt. John A. Reynolds, First New York Light Artillery. HDQR~. BATTERY L, FIRST NEW YoRK [ARTILLERY], Near White Oak Church, Va., May 9, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my battery in the late engagement: On the morning of April 29, at daylight, I took position with my bat- tery, in accordance with orders received from Colonel Wainwright, chief of artillery, First Corps, on the line of hills commanding the river and near Pollocks Mill. As soon as the mist rose from the river, our infan- try was discovered engaged with the enemy, who was in rifle-pits, and endeavoring to prevent the laying of the bridge. Soon after, when the crossing was effected by boats, and the charge made upon the rifle-pits by the Sixth Wisconsin and the Twenty-fourth Michigan, I directed a few shots, by order of Colonel Waiuwright, at the retreating rebels. I expended 12 rounds at this time. About noon of the 30th ultimo, several shots from a battery of 20- pounder Parrotts were thrown near our position, but the efforts of the enemy failed, nearly all of the projectiles falling short. No injury was sustained and no reply made. At 3 a. m. on the 1st instant, I was directed to move my battery across the river and report to Brigadier-General Wadsworth, which I obeyed, taking position on the plain just above the bridge and behind earth- works, which had been thrown up during the night. At about 9 a. m. on the 2d instant, when the First Division was about to retire across the river, a severe fire was opened upon us by a battery of the enemy in our front and near the foot of the heights. They had a perfect range of my battery. Eight of my men were severely wounded, 1 of whom died; 2 others received slight wounds. Ten horses were killed or disabled and 2 slightly wounded. Three limbers were in ~ured by the fire; on one an axle broken, on another, part of the lid to chest blown off, and, on the third, one wheel knocked to pieces. The harness was also considerably cut up. The precise effect of our fire could not be observed on account of the trees along the Bowling Green road ob- structing the view from thence to the enemys position. We saw one limber or caisson. explode, and the pickets, who could better observe, state that we disabled one of their pieces. The firing was kept up for about an hour and a half before we succeeded in silencing the enemy, and was contu~ued slowly for another half hour, during which time the other troops were safely withdrawn across the bridge. I next with- drew my battery, piece by piece, keeping up the firing until the last gun was removed. We expended 303 rounds in this action. The dis- tance between the batteries was computed at about 2,000 yards. Our shell, as far as I could judge, worked very well, though many of the paper fuses are imperfect. The combination case-shot worked admirably with this exceptionin ramming them many caught on the end of the rammer, which had to be worked or turned to disengage them, thus deranging the setting. I have since had the rammers reamed out more, thus obviating this difficulty. The officers and men were cool and collected. Lieutenants Reynolds and Breck were especially so, watching carefully the effect of the fire from their sections, and giving directions accordingly, inspiring their men with coolness by their example. Sergt. Amos Gibbs is also descry- ing of especial mention. Though wounded in the shoulder by a shell Page 276 276 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. LCHAP. XXXVII. thereby rendering him unable for duty, he persisted in remaining at his piece, and when by me ordered to go to the rear went to the bank, and in about a quarter of an hour I again found him at his post. This time I positively ordered him to the rear and to remain there. Sergt. Will- iam Henry Shelton is also deserving of special mention. He was as cool as on ordinary drill, and by his example inspired his detachment with courage and coolness. The earthworks thrown up in front of the pieces afforded great protection to the men, who would undoubtedly have suffered much more had they been entirely exposed, as several shots struck directly in front of the works and many pieces lodged in them. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, J. A. REYNOLDS Captain Battery L, Pirst New York [Artilieryj. Capt. T. E. ELLSWORTH, Aide-de- Camp and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 37. Report of Brig. Gen. John C. Robinson, U. S. Army, commanding Second Dsvsston. IIDQRS. SECOND DIVISION, FIRST ARMY CORPS, May 9, 1863. COLOINEL: This division left its encampment near Fletcher Chapel about 1 p. m. on the 28th ultimo, and bivouacked that night at the edge of the woods in rear of the Fitzhugh mansion. The next morning it marched to the bridges which were laid at the mouth of Pollocks Mill Creek. During the afternoon the enemy shelled this position, killing anti wounding several officers and enlisted men, when II moved the division back to the cover of the River road, where it rested in safety. On Saturday morning, I received orders to march to the United States Ford, which I crossed about sunset, and proceeded in the direction of Chancellorsville, driving back hundreds of the fugitives of the Eleventh Corps. I was then directed to take up a position on and covering the Hunting Creek road. Arriving at that point at 1 oclock on Sunday morning, I immediately deployed one regiment of each brigade, and pushed them forward (two in front and one on the right) to feel the enemy and establish them as pickets. The Second Brigade (Baxters) and the Third Brigade (Leonards) were then established in line of battle to the left of the road. The First Brigade (Roots) was formed with its left on the road and extending its right down the creek. I then directed breastworks to be built, and, although the men were greatly fatigued, they went cheerfully to work, and in the course of the day completed a formidable line of rifle-pits. At an early hour on Sunday morning, a Ger~nan battery, of light 12. pounder guns, was sent to me and placed in position, with orders to hold it at all hazards. When the heavy firing commenced on my left, and while I was for a few moments absent from the right, this battery was withdrawn from its position, and in the most cowardly manner fled, with the horses upon a run, in the direction of our bridges at the United States Ford. I :eglet#! do uct know the comnixaders n~ me, that he inigh~ meet th Page 277 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 277 reward which his dastardly and treacherons conduct deserves. Fortu- nately our own batteries arrived soon after. Ransoms (Company C, Fifth U. S. Artillery) light 12-ponuders were put in position on the right to sweep the sloping ground, and Halls (Second Maine Battery) 3-inch rifled guns to reach the heights beyond. Stewart, with his battery (B, Fourth U. S. Artillery) of light 12-pounders, was placed in position toward the left of my line. My command now felt perfectly secure in its position, and awaited the arrival of the enemy with impatience. Leppiens (Fifth Maine Bat- tery), attached to this division, was engaged in another part of the field, and suffered very severely. Thompsons (Independent Pennsylvania) was also detached. About 100 prisoners were taken and sent in by my pickets. On Monday, I was directed to make a reconnaissance on the road lead- ing to Elys Ford. For this I selected the Twelfth and Thirteenth Massachusetts Volunteers and a section of Halls battery. After pro- ceeding about 3 miles, I received the fire of the enemys skirmishers to the left of the road, and had some of my skirmishers wounded. I pro- ceeded cautiously to the forks of the road, when, becoming satisfied the enemy was in force on the left, I directed the command to return to camp. During the night of the 5th instant the division was withdrawn from its position and recrossed the river in good order, arriving at its present camp yesterday. The following is a list of casualties: Killed. Wounded. Missing. a a Command. a a ~ a 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ First Brigade 1 4 5 Second Brigade 1 2 14 5 22 Third Brigade 2 13 1 16 5th Maine Battery 6 3 19 - - 28 Thompsons battery 1 3 4 Total 3 4 53 6 75 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. C. ROBINSON, Brigadier- General, Gommanding Division. Lient. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- General, First Army Corps. No. 38. Report of Capt. Charles H. Hovey, Thirteenth Massachusetts Infantry, Acting Assistant Inspector- General. ON HAYS FARM, VA., May 10, 1863. The division broke camp near Fletcher Chapel, Va., Tuesday, April 28, and marched at noon toward the Rappahannock, near Pollocks Mill Creek; 6 miles Page 278 278 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. April 29.Marched to the river, where the First Division crossed. The Second Division bivouacked on the north bank of the river. On the next day (April 30), the enemys batteries opened upon the division, causing the loss as stated in the report as of this date, and obliging the division to retire to a safer position. May 1.Lay still all day. Allay 2.Marched to the United States Ford and crossed the Rap- pahannock to Chancellorsville; 22 miles. May 3, 4, and 5.Lay nnder arms within the earthworks with the exception of a few companies, which were sent upon a reconnaissance, cansing the losses of these dates. Jfay 6.Marched at 3 a. m. to the river, crossed at the United States Ford, and marched to camp near Falmouth; 17 miles. May 7.Marched at noon to the present camp; 5 miles. It rained six of the ten days mentioned above, but the men have not suffered much from exposure, the health of the division being generally good. CHAS. II. HOVEY, Capt. and Act. Asst. Insp. Gen., ASecond Div., First Corps. No. 39. Report of Cot. Adrian P. Root, Ninety-fourth New York Infantry, commanding First Brigade. CAMP NEAR WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., Monday, May 11, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part takeii by my command (First Brigade, Second Division, First Army Corps) during the recent operations of the Army of the Potomac: Pursuant to orders from division headquarters, the First Brigade, consisting of Sixteenth Maine Volunteers, One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, One hundred and fourth New York Volun- teers, and the Ninety-fourth New York Volunteers (consolidated with the One hundred and fifth New York Volunteers, March 20, 1863), broke camp near Fletcher Chapel at 12 m. on Tuesday, April 28, 1863. The men were supplied with eight days rations and 60 rounds of cartridges upon their persons. Marched via the White Oak Church road, about 8 miles in a rain-storm, and bivouacked for the night in a wood about 3 miles below the city of Fredericksburg. At daylight the following morning (Wednesday, April 29), marched to the Rappahan- nock River in support of Wadsworths (First) division, which crossed the river on pontoons, took the enemys rifle-pits and a number of pris- oners. I massed the brigade by battahioias in line, in readiness for crossing. Remained in this position en bivouac during the remainder of the day and the following night. On Thursday, April 30, it being the National Fast Day as proclaimed by President Lincoln, I formed the brigade in a hollow square, and observed the occasion with suitable services, conducted by the regimental chaplains. At about 4 p. m. the enemy, having obtained an accurate range of our position, threw several shells into the division, killing and wounding a number of officers and men, the First Brigade escaping with but trifling loss of wounded. The fire from the enemys batteries increasing in amount and accuracy, th Page 279 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN~ 279 brigade was withdrawn (by order of the division commander, General John C. Robinson) about 400 yards, to the protection of the ditches and hedges bordering the River road, where it remained under fire during the night. Friday, ]Jiliay 1.The brigade remained in the same position, under an artillery fire. In the afternoon, the men were supplied with a ration of spirits, by order of the division commander. Saturday, May 2.At 9 a. m. the brigade was relieved by a portion of the Sixth Corps, and, under the fire of the enemys batteries, marched up the River road. Arrived at the United States Ford, a distance of about 20 miles, at 5.30 p. in., and crossed the Rappahannock River upon a pontoon bridge. Halted, stacked arms, and the men, wearied with their march, partook of needed refreshments. At about 7 p. in. I was ordered to move rapidly to the front, to oc- cupy the position vacated by a portion of the Eleventh Corps, which had been defeated and driven in fragments to the rear. The movement to the front in the darkness through a heavy forest was quite difficult, the woods having been set on fire by the enemy~s shells, and being thronged with fugitives from the disorganized Elev- enth Corps. I deployed the Ninety-fourth New York Volunteers, and drove several thousand of these fugitives to the front. The heavy firing had ceased on our arrival in position, and shortly afterward the brigade was ordered to move to the right, on the Elys Ford road, and finally took position on the right of the army at about midnight, turn- ing an angle to the right and rear While taking oar position, a severe action prevailed upon our left. I threw out a line of pickets and an advanced guard, the One hundred and fourth New York Volunteers being detailed for the purpose. The pickets became engaged in a noisy skirmish with the enemy, hud sent in several prisoners, who stated that our right would be attacked in the morning. The entire brigade passed the night in throwing up breastworks, which by daylight acquired considerable strength, and justified my belief in a successful defense against the expected assault. Sunday, hay 3.At daylight the battle opened on our left, and con- tinued furiously until about noon, with desultory firing of musketry and artillery during the day. Continued to strengthen our works by details, the balance of the brigade being under arms. The pickets sent in several prisoners. During a picket skirmish a German battery stationed near my lines became panic-stricken, limbered up, and disap- peared to the rear. Prisoners reported the death of General Jackson. ]Jilionday, ilEay 4.Under arms all day, and strengthened our works. Relieved the One hundred and fourth New York Volunteers (on picket duty) with the One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers. By invitation of the corps commander (General Reynolds), I accompanied him upon a reconnaissance to the right and front of our position, de- veloping the enemys pickets in close proximity to our own. Tuesday, JYfay 5.Under arms, in momentary expectation of an as- sault. A heavy rain fell, flooding the intrenchinents, drenching the men, and seriously incommoding the command. Picket firing continued. At midnight I received orders to evacuate our position, leaving the picket line on duty, and march to the United States Ford of the Rap- pahannock River. After proceeding to the rear about 1 mile, I received orders to retrace our march and hasten back to our former position, the pontoon bridge having been carried away by the flood. The brigade reoccupied its position at the front. Wednesday, May 6.At 4 a. in., by orders from the division corn Page 280 280 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL mander, called in the pickets (One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania Yolunteers) and deployed them to the right and left as a rear guard. Evacuated the works; marched to the United States Ford; crossed a pontoon bridge, and continued the march about 20 miles to the neigh- borhood of Falmouth, Va., where I halted the brigade, in a heavy rain, and bivouacked for the night. Thursday, May 7.Marched at noon in the direction of White Oak Church. Bivouacked for the night in a wood near the Fitzhugh house, and, by order of the division commander, remained until Sunday, May 10, when the brigade [moved] about half a mile to its present location. I take pleasure in bearing testimony to the cheerfulness and alacrity with which the officers and men of my command, without exception, executed every order, and endured the extreme discomforts incident to the recent operations. I remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ADRIAN R. ROOT Colonel, Commanding First Brigade. Capt. W. L. KIDDER, A. A. G., Second Division, First Army Corps. No. 40. Report of Cot. Charles W. Tilden, Sixteenth Maine Infantry. IIDQRS. SIXTEENTH MAINE VOLUNTEERS, May 9, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I herewith respectfully submit to you my report of the part taken by my command in the recent movement near Freder- icksburg. In compliance with orders from brigade headquarters, my command broke camp at 12 m. on the 28th ultimo, and marched some 5 miles and encamped near White Oak Church. On the morning of the 29th ultimo, we formed line of battle some half mile from where we bivouacked the night previous. Took up our line of march in the p. in., and proceeded to the banks of the Rappa- hannock, about 5 miles below Falmouth, where we remained until Sat- urday, the 2(1 instant. On the morning of the 2d instant, I moved with my command, with the balance of the brigade, some 22 miles up the river, crossing the river at United States Ford, and formed the extreme right of the line, in which position we remained until the morning of the 6th instant, and recrossed the river without meeting with any loss. I remain, very respectfully, yours, & c., CHAS. W. TILDEN, Colonel, Commanding Sixteenth Maine Volunteers. Lieut. E. CHARLES PARKER, A. A. A. G., First Brig., Second Div., First Army Corps. No. 41. Report of Capt. Samuel A. Moffelt, Ninety-fourth New York Infantry. IIDQRS. NINETY-FOURTH NEW YORK VOLS., May 9, 1863. SIR: On the 28th day of April, 1863, at 12 in., we struck tents and marched a distance of about 5 miles, when we encamped for the nigh Page 281 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN~ 281 near the IRappahannock River. At 3 a. in., 29th, my command was called to attention, and at 5 oclock we marched from the woods into an open field, where we remained until noon, when we marched to the bank of the Rappahannock River, near the crossing. We remained in this position until 4 p. m. of the 30th, when we were forced to retire a short distance to the rear, in consequence of the enemy having obtained an accurate range in shelling onr troops. We remained here inactive until 7 a. m. of May 2, when we com~ menced a march, which was continued through the day, crossing the Rappahannock River at United States Ford7 and reached our position on the right late in the night. May 3.The men were busily employed in throwing up intrenchments. We remained in this position until the 6th. Three companies were sent out as skirmishers, of which one man was wounded. At 3 a. m. on the 6th, we again resumed our march, recrossed the river at about 6 oclock, and continued our march until arriving opposite Fredericksburg, where we encamped for the night. The next morning we marched to the place in which we are now encamped. The men and their arms and ammunition are in as good condition as could be expected. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, S. A. MOFFETT, Captain, Commanding Ninety-fourth Regiment N. Y. Vols. Col. A. R. ROOT, Commanding First Brigade. No. 42. Report of Cot. Gilbert G. Prey, One hundred and fourth New York Infantry. IIDQRS. 104TH REGIMENT, NEW YORK VoLS., May 9, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report that this regiment marched with the First Brigade from its winter camp on the 28th ultimo, and re- mained with the brigade until after it had reached the extreme right of the army en the night of the 3d instant. It was then sent forward 1 mile. Skirmishers were deployed in front during the march and vedettes were thrown out as soon as the halt was ordered. At 2 oclock on the morning of the 4th instant, it was recalled to join the brigade. At 2 p. m. on the 5th instant it again took place in front, to relieve the Six- teenth Maine Volunteers. After doing picket duty one day, it was re- lieved by the One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania V olunteers. I have the honor to state that while on l)icket duty (as per report), Lieut. (Jol. II. G. Tuthill and 2 men were slightly wounded. On the morning of the 5th instant, this regiment marched with the brigade to the vicinity of Fredericksburg, recrossing the Rappahannock River at United States Ford, and on the 7th instant came to its present camp. Very respectfully, GILBERT G. PREY, Lient. E. CHARLES PARKER, Colonel, tJomnmanding. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 282 282 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYJT. No. 43. Report of Got. Thomas F. McCoy, One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. IIDQRS. 107TH REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VOLS., iIJiay 9, 1863. LIEUTENANT: Jn accordance with orders just issued from Col. A. R. Root, commanding First Brigade, I have the honor to make the follow- ing report of the part taken by my regiment, One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, in the late operations of the Army of the Potomac: At 12 oclock noon on the 28th day of April, 1863, we broke up our camp near Fletcher Chapel, where we had been in winter quarters since early in January last. The line was soon formed, and our march directed toward General Hookers headquarters, by way of the White Oak Church. My men started out on this march each provided with eight days rations and 60 rounds of cartridges, all of which they were required to carry on their person. We encamped this evening, after having marched about 8 miles (greater part of the time in a rain-storm), in a wood near the Rappahannock, some 3 miles below the city of Fredericksburg. At 2.30 oclock on the morning of the 29th, we were aroused from our bivouac for the march, but did not move until daylight, and by this time the firing had commenced at the river, and the First Division of the corps was pressing over, and had already taken the rifle-pits of the enemy, with over 100 prisoners. We, with the other division of the corps, marched to support the movement of the First Division, and were massed near the river, in full view of all the operations, ready to cross when it might be necessary. Here we bivouacked for the night. On the 30th, we remained in the same position, while more or less fighting was going on in our front. At 4 oclock in the afternoon, the regiment, with the others composing the brigade, was drawn up in square, in order to have appropriate religious observance of this day, in compliance with the proclamation of the President of the United States. These services were appropriate, interesting, and deeply im- pressive. About 5 oclock, the enemy opened his batteries on us, and continued to throw shot and shell at and into our massed troops until after night, during which, for better protection, we were placed along the road, farther in the rear. During this warm artillery fire, quite a number were killed and wounded in other regiments, but I have the pleasure, thanks to a kind Providence, of having it in my power to report no serious casualties, as only 1 soldier was slightly wounded in my regi. ment. During May 1, we remained in the same position, being in constant readiness to move at a ~ notice. On the morning of the 2d, the enemy again opened his batteries oppo- site, and about the same time, our division being relieved by part of the Sixth Corps, we took up the line of march toward and beyond Fred- ericksburg, and continued in this direction until we reached the United States Ford, where the greater part of the army had crossed to attack the enemy on their left flank. Having crossed the river, and in the act of preparing to encamp for the night, it being after dark, and our men excessively wearied, having already marched about 20 miles, we were ordered under arms immediately, to move to the front, to take position occupied by the Eleventh Army Corps, it having been defeated an Page 283 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLOESYILLE CAMPAIGN. 283 driven by the enemy. The march was, therefore, continued for 3 or 4 miles to the front of the line, where the battle had then been raging for several days. The First Army Corps, of which we form a part, was placed on the right of the army, and on the road leading from Fred- ericksburg to Gordonsville. At the time we were taking np our position, a most terrific battle was raging on onr immediate left and front, then near 12 oclock at night, but moonlight. An attack was hourly expected on the position we occupied, and our wearied men at once began to fortify, and continued to labor during the night and the next day. At the dawn of the 3d (Sunday), the battle again opened on our left, and raged with terrible fury until nearly noon. Desultory firing was con- tinued during the day and night, we being held ready for the conflict momentarily expected on our part of the line. During this time we continued to strengthen our works, in doing which we were frequently directed personally by Brig. Gen. J. C. Robinson, commanding the di- vision, and Col. A. B. Root, commanding the brigade. This day (May 4), at 2 p. in., my regiment was ordered out to the front and left, to re- lieve the One hundred and fourth Regiment New York Volunteers on the picket line. This was the most dangerous and arduous picket duty that we had ever been called upon to perform, and it taxed the powers of endurance of officers and men to the utmost degree, and the exi- gency was such that the regiment was continued on this duty for two nights and the greater part of two days, one-half of the sentinels having no relief; and the last night a drenching rain fell, adding to its horrors. We were occasionally fired on by the enemys pickets and scouts during the second evening and night. The many incidents and movements, and everything of any moment that occurred, were at once reported by telegraph to the general commanding the division, who returned such instructions and advice as were deemed necessary: At the dawn of day on the morning of the 6th, Major Lee, of the di- vision staff came out to the lines, and communicated to me the fact that our army had evacuated ourworks~three hours before,andwerenow recrossing the Rappahannock, and that I was immediately to withdraw the pickets, fall back quietly to the fortifications, and aid in covering the movement by deploying my men to the rea+ and right flank. I fully realized the danger involved in this movement, and at once pro- ceeded to carry out the instructions received. Arriving at the fortifi- cations, I was joined by Col. R. Coulter, with his regiment, the Eleventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, who had been on similar duty, connecting with the One hundred and seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers on the left. We lost no time in moving toward the ford, reached it safely, crossed the river on the npper pontoon bridge, and continued our march toward Falmouth, without finding any part of the division, and until the men becoming much exhausted, we encamped for the night. The men could not have refreshing rest on account of the heavy rains in the night. The next morning we continued the march in direction of General Hookers headquarters, near where we found the other regiments of the brigade and the division. After a short rest, and during the same af- ternoon, we marched to and encamped in our present position. I am happy to have it in my power to say that, during these nine days ardu- ous services, the officers and men of my regiment conducted themselves with their usual zeal and courage. The commanders of the division and the brigade know from personal observation how well and faith- fully they served the good cause of our country in this important crisis, and, I feel assured, will do them full justice. I would embrace the occasion of this report to express my appreci Page 284 284 N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. tion of the services of Captains Whitman, of Twelfth Massachusetts Volunteers; Parsons and Whiteside, Ninety-fourth New York Volun- teers, and their respective companies, the first two of which performed outpost and vedette dnty in front of the center of the picket line on the road, while the latter performed good service on the picket reserve. I would also express my sense of the faithful and efficient services ren- dered, while on this duty, by Lient. James B. Thomas, the acting adju- tant of my regiment, to whom I feel much indebted for the prompt assistance he rendered in the varied and responsible duties devolviug upon me duriug the operations of which the foregoing is but a very brief account. I am, lieutenant, very respectfully, your obedient servant, T. F. McCOY, Col., Comdg. One hundred and seventh Regt. Pennsylvania Vote. Lient. E. CHARLES PARKER, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 44. Report of Capt. James A. Hall, Second Maine Battery. WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., ]ifay 9, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that we marched from our en- campment near Fletcher Chapel, Va., by order of General IRobinson, at 12, Monday, the 28th of April, and arrived at the bank of the Rappa- hannock, 3 miles below Fredericksburg, at 2 a. in. on the 29th. We took up our position, covering the bridge, and fired 11 rounds at the enemys infantry, all of the shots doing well. We remained in this position nntil May 2, when we moved, at 11.30 a. in., up the river, and crossed it at United States Ford, and bivouacked for the night in the woods, 1~ miles from Chancellorsville, Va. May 3, at 7 a. in., marched to the heights, taking position on the right of the line of battle of the Army of the Potomac. We occupied this position until the 6th, when we marched, by order of Brigadier-General Hunt, chief of artillery, Army of the Potomac, to the United States Ford. May 6, crossed the IRappahannock, and went into camp at Berea Church, 5 miles from Falmouth, Va. May 7, marched from Berea Church, and arrived au White Oak Church at 4 p. in. same date, and went into camp. JA IES A. HALL, Captain, Comdg. Second Mounted Battery, Maine Volunteers. Col. C. S. WAINWRIGHT, Chief of Artillery, First Army Corps. No. 45. - Report of Jieut. (ireenleaf T. Stevens, F?fth Maine Battery. CAMP NEAR WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., May 8, 1863. CAPTAIN: On Sunday, May 3, at 8 oclock, orders were received from Colonel Wainwright, chief of artillery, First Army Corps, to move our battery to the front and report to General Reynolds, commanding Firs Page 285 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 285 Army Corps. Subsequently, while on our way to the front, orders were received from General Hooker that the batteries in reserve should move along to Chancellorsville, which was near the center of our lines, and report to the chief of artillery there. On arriving and reporting, we were ordered into position on the northerly side of a circular field, some 500 or 600 yards across. The enemys line of infantry extended across the field and into the woods, at a distance of not more than 450 or 500 yards. As soon as our battery emerged from the woods and made its appearance upon the field, the enemys line of infantry divided in center, and marched by the right and left flank at a double quick to the woods. This movement disclosed their artillery, which was posted in the rear of their infantry, and partially covered by a slight elevation. Having our exact range, they immediately opened a most galling fire from their artillery, which appeared to consist of two light batteries. Our men and horses began to fall before we got into position. Their artillery was served with great vigor and remarkable precision, opening with canister, spherical case, and shell. The ground being hard, and affording no cover, their projectiles rico- cheted, causing the loss of a large number of horses, and inflicting many severe wounds upon the cannoneers and drivers. Our guns were served deliberately, so that the ammunition in the limbers might not become exhausted, and the effect of our fire might be noticed; the right half of the battery engaged the enemys artillery, the left half holding in check a large body of infantry niassing on our left. The ammunition in the limbers of the right section was expended; that in the center sec- tion, with the exception of 4 or 5 rounds, which were ignited by an ex- ploding shell and the limber destroyed; that in the left section was ex- pended, and a few rounds served from a caisson near by, when, by the~ direction of General Hancock, there being but one limber which could be moved, and the remaining cannoneers completely exhausted, the pro- longs were attached, and the guns moved by the infantry support to the rear. The caissons were previously moved from the field. Notwithstanding the disadvantages under which we labored, our men behaved in the most gallant manner, continuing to work their pieces until their ammunition was exhausted and the enemys skirmish- ers had approached within the distance of 150 yards. Our loss in killed and wounded is as follows: Killed, 6; wounded, 22. It is with the deepest regret that III mention the names of Sergt. William F. Locke and Corpl. Benjamin F. Grover among the killed, as they were the best of soldiers, and showed themselves at the battles of Bull Run, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville as the bravest of men. I remain, captain, your obedient servant, G. T. STEVENS, Lieutenant, Commanding Battery. Capt. D. B. RANSOM, Chief of Artillery, ASecond Division, First Army Corps. No. 46. Report of Capt. James Thompson, Battery C, Pennsylvania Light Ar tillery. CAMP NEAR WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., May 8, 1863. CAPTAIN: At 12 m. on the 28th ultimo, with division, marched from old encampraent to the Fitzbugh farm. At 2 a. in. ~n the 29th, move Page 286 286 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [OHM?. XXXYIL forward, and by daylight took a position on second bank from the river iRappahannock, near Purdys [Pollocks 0?] dam, for the purpose of pro- tecting our pontoniers and to cover the crossing of our troops. The fog was dense, but at 7 a. m. IL fired some 12 rounds at parties of the enemy at a range of from 1,300 to 1,400 yards; we sustained no loss whatever. The 30th was nshered in with a steady rain, but otherwise perfectly quiet nntil 5.20 p. in., when we replied to a rebel battery of 20-pounder Parrott guns, which opened on our infantry from the heights on our left front. We were soon subjected to a cross-fire also, but continned firing until dark, with no loss; threw 60 rounds, at a range of about 3,700 yards. Still in same position on the 1st of May. Fog heavy until 9.25 a. in.; had no firing. The moruing of the 2d opened up clear; engaged with the enemys batteries from 8 to 9.30 a m.,atarangeof3,700yards; no loss. At 11 a. in., with division, marched for United States Ford, and arrived at the front at 2 a. m. on the 3d instant. Ordered into position on the right with the First Corps at 6 a. in., and was relieved by Captain Stewarts battery of light 12-pounders at 11 a. in., and ordered to join reserve batteries. Was, on the morning of the 4th instant, ordered to report to General Slocum, commanding Twelfth Corps, at sunrise; when proceeding to the position assigned, was ordered to recross the river and take a posi- tion lower down, so as to prevent the enemy firing upon our bridges. At daylight, 6th, observed the enemy throwing np earthworks for guns npon the heights opposite to and across the river from us, at a range of from 1,300 to 1,400 yards, when my battery opened on them, so as to prevent their further progress, while I was at the same time hotly engaged with a battery of two 24-pounder howitzers and a l2pouuder on our right and from rifled guns on our front, when, with the assistance of Captain Knaps Pennsylvania Battery, blew np the enemys cais- sons, silenced their guns, and obliged them to run for the woods and leave their guns upon the field. Continued to fire occasionally, so as to prevent their occupying the works, until about 3 p. in., at which time the bridges having all been taken np, we were ordered to retire, having sus- tamed the following loss, viz, Private David Chase, killed; Sergt. IR. Parcell, wounded in face, slightly; Private Lyman Ellithorp, wounded in legs and groin, dangerously; Private M. Lynch, wounded in arm, slightly; also 3 horses killed. Yery respectfully submitted, captain, by your obedient servant, JAMES THOMPSON, Capt., Comdg. 4th Pa. Batty, 2d Div., First Army Corps. Capt. 1). 11. ItANsOM, Commanding Artillery, Second Division, First Army Corps. No. 47. Report of Capt. Dunbar R. I~ansom, Third U. S. Artillery, commanding Battery C, Fifth U. S. Artillery. WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., May 9, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that this battery marched from camp near Fletcher Chapel, Va., by order of General Robinson, at 1 Page 287 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLOESYILLE CAMPAIGN. 287 m. on the 28th day of April, and arrived at the Rappahannock River, 3 miles below Fredericksburg, at daylight on the 29th instant, having 3 horses shot while going into position to cover the crossing; fired three case shots at the enemys skirmishers. On the 30th instant, by order of General Reynolds, we moved across the river and took a posi- tion on the right of Battery B, Fourth U. S. Artillery, Lieutenant Stewart, and near the bridge, where we remained until the following day, May 1, a portion of the time under fire; did not reply, as the enemy was out of range of our guns. We were then relieved by BatteryL, First New York Artillery, Captain Reynolds, recrossed the river, and parked on the fiat in front of the Fitzhngh house. We remained here until the morning of the 2d, when, by order of General Reyiolds, we took a position near the river to cover the recrossing of the troops, where we remained until the bridge was removed. By order of General Reynolds, we marched to United States Ford, and crossed the river at sunset with the division. On the morning of the 3d, we marched to the front, and took a position with Battery B, Fourth U. S. Artillery and Second Maine Volunteers, on the front and right of the Army of the Potomac, and covering a road leading to the Rapidan River, where we remained until the night of the 5th instant, when, by order of General Reynolds, we moved back nearly to the river, when we were halted and ordered to return to our former position by General Hunt, where we remained until 3 a. in. of the~6th instant, when we moved back to the river and took a position to cover the recrossing of the troops; after which we moved to the left bank of the river and took a position by order of General Meade, where we re- mained until the bridge was removed. Then marched to Berea Church and camped for the night. On the 7th instant, marched to White Oak Church. U R. RANSOM, Captain Third Artillery, Commanding Battery. Col. C. S. WAINWEIGHT, Chief of Artillery, First Army Corps. No. 48. Report of Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division. CAMP BELOW FALMOUTH, VA., ]1fay 11, 1863. LIEUTENANT-COLONEL: I have the honor to report that on April 28 my command left its encampment, in the vicinity of Belle Plain, and marched to within 1# miles of Pollocks Mill, where we halted for the night. At this point the One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsylvania Volun- teers, under Colonel Porter, were detached to guard some batteries under Captain Taft, stationed on the bank of the river, at Mrs. Grays house, called the Travelers Rest. The One hundred and thirty-fifth remained in position, engaged with the rebel sharpshooters, until we marched to the United States Ford. About noon on the 2t~th, this division marched toward the river, and halted in the ravine of Pollocks Mill Creek, in order to be in a pos Page 288 288 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXX VII. tion to snpport General Wadsworths (liViSiOn, to which was assigned the duty of pla~cing the pontoon bridges and guarding the bridge-head on the other side. Here my men underwent a severe shelling from the enemys batteries, but were so skillfully sheltered that no casualties took place. On the morning of May 2, we took up our line of march for the United States Ford. We reached there about sundown, and immedi- ately on crossing the river I made preparatious to go into camp, under the supposition that we were to remain there until the next morning. The Eleventh Corps, however, having given way, and the communica- tions of the army being endangered, we were ordered forward to take position on the right flank. We reached the Elys Ford road about 2 a m - and were placed on the right of Sykes Regulars, General Robin- son being on my right and General Wadsworth in a second line in rear. As we approached through the woods, a midnight battle appeared to be raging in our front, and the road was filled with fugitives, but our men pressed gallantly forward, cheering from time to time, and showed a firm determination to do their duty at all hazards. The command occupied and intrenched the position assigned them, throwing out pickets to their front until the withdrawal of the army, which took place on May 6. Previous to this withdrawal, on May 4, Colonel Stones brigade made a handsome reconnaissance on our extreme right, along the Ridge road, which developed the location of the enemys lines in that direction. The brigade returned, bringing much useful information, obtained at considerable risk. The men behaved admirably throughout these various operations, marching 22~ miles to reach the battle-field, loaded down with eight days provisions,, blankets, shelter-tents, and 60 rounds of ammunition. They came in in excellent order, without straggling. It gives me pleasure to state that there were no false alarms on our front. Small patrols from Colonel Stones brigade brought in 132 prisoners. General Rowleys brigade also bronght in more than 100 prisoners, besides killing and wounding some 15 or 20 by their fire. The scouts of Colonel Stones brigade report 3 rebels killed and 7 wounded. When it became necessary for some one to undertake the difficult and danger- ous duty of bringing off the picket line, both Captain [Eminel P.] Hal- stead and Captain [Edward C.] Baird, of the adjutant-generals depart- ment, volunteered to accomplish it. 1 detailed Captain Baird, who was assisted by Lieutenant Row, of the One hundred and forty-ninth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, commanding the sharpshooters of the Second Bri- gade. All the pickets were successfully withdrawn, but I regret to say Lieutenant Reinhold, of the One hundred and thirty-fifth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, with 27 men of that regiment, have not been heard from since the withdrawal. It is feared he and his party missed the road indicated to them, and fell into the hands of the enemy. As the artillery was not under my direction during these operations, I inclose a copy of Major Matthews report, which will show what was accom- plished by that arm of the service. I also inclose herewith a list of killed and wounded.* I am, sir, your obedient servant, A. DOUBLEDAY, ]Jift~j. Gen. of Vols., Oomdg. Third Division, First Army Corps. Lient. Col. C. KINGSBURY, Jr., Assistant Adjutant- Generat, First Army Corps. E~~b~die~i in revised. ehterneut, pp. 17~ 17d Page 289 Ca~r. XXXVII] THE CHANCELLOIRSYILLE CAMPAIGN 289 No. 49. Report of Lient. Cot. Charles F. Livingston, Seventy-sixth iVew York Infantry, Acting Assistant Inspector- General. HEADQUARTERS THIRD DIVISION, ]Iliay 12, 1863. COLONEL: I respectfully submit the following repQrt of the move- ments of this division: On April 28, we left our camp near Belle Plain, and marched to Pol- ~ Mill, where we remained until the morning of May 2, when we marched to the United States Ford crossed, and were placed in positiou on the night of the same day. We threw up breastworks, and during the 3d onr men took 132 prisoners. On the 5th, the Second Brigade made a reconnaissance to the enemys lines throngh the woods about three-quarters of a mile beyond our outside lines. On the morning of the 6th, we recrossed the river, and that evening encamped where we now lie. The Second Brigade, however, marched to Belle Plain by mistake, and did not rejoin us until the 8th instant. The men were very tired and hungry, but have now got into good shape again. Full reports have been sent in. I am, colonel, very respectfully, C HAS. E. LIVINGSTON, Lieutenant-Colonel and Actg. Asst. Insp. Gen., Third Division. Lieut. Col. II. C. BANKHEAD, Assistant Inspector. General, First Army Corps. No. 50. Reports of Brig. Gen. fP~homas A. Rowley, U. S. Army, commanding First Brigade. IIDQRS. 1ST BRIG., 3D DIV., 1ST ARMY CORPS, May 10, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of my com- mand, consisting of the One hundred and twenty-first, One hundred and thirty-fifth, One hundred and forty-second, and One hundred and fifty-first Regiments Pennsylvania Volunteers, and its movements since leaving camp, near Belle Plain, on the 28th ultimo: The brigade marched, as ordered, on that day, following the Second Brigade, under Colonel Stone, and halted for the night with the di- vision, within 1 mile of the Rappahannock River, and opposite the ground on which this division was engaged on December 13 last. At an early hour the next morning, the brigade was marched to the edge of the woods, where it remained a few minutes, and was then sent back to the encampment of the previous night. The One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteer~, Colonel Porter, rested for the night (the 28th) on the bank of the river, in a position it took after dark, to support some batteries ranged along the bank, on Mrs. Grays farm. At noon on the 29th, this brigade, with other troops of this division, marched toward the river, and halted in the vicinity of [White Oak] Run, a few rods from the pontoon bridge. On the 30th the men were mustered for pay. In the evening of the 19 R RYOL XXV, PT Page 290 290 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. same day the enemy began shelling the ravine, and continued it for about an hour. The hills rising between this position and the river afforded an excellent shelter against the enemys missiles, and I quickly moved the regiments to positions where they were well protected. It affords me great pleasure to be able to state that as far as this brigade was concerned the fire of the enemy was perfectly harmless. During all of Friday, May 1, my command occupied the same posi- tion. At 3 oclock the troops were in readiness, as ordered, for cross- ing the river, but the movement was not made. On Saturday morning, May 2, we received orders to march, and were abont starting when the enemys batteries on the opposite side of the river again opened upon us, and dropped their shells all around in the ravine; not daunted, however, the line of march was begun under this heavy fire, and, partly protected by a hill, the men moved on. A delay of several minutes occurred in get ting my men out of their exposed position, in consequence of the blocking of the way by a regiment of the Second Brigade of this division. I succeeded in getting them ex- tricated in a short time, and the command, with the exception of the One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, which was left behind to l)rotect the batteries it had so efficiently supported since the night of the 28th, moved on. The line of march on Saturday was up the liappahannock River to the United States Ford, where we crossed at sunset. In spite of the heat of that day, and the burdensome loads carried by the men, they bore up manfully, and their march was in ex- cellent order, with little or no straggling. The One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers did not leave their position below Fredericksburg until late in the morning, and the distance was such that it was found impossible to overtake the re- mainder of the brigade before it crossed, and, being without a guide, some little delay occurred in this regiment reaching the ford. We en- camped for the night near the pontoons. The other regiments of the brigade were marched inward toward the front, wbere the heavy firing was heard, which point they reached about 12 oclock. Here the arms were loaded and the men were prepared for immediate action. They were not, however, called into action at this point, but were moved about 14 miles to the right, when the whole division formed in line of battle and lay on their arms the remainder of the night. Early Sunday morning, sharpshooters were sent out to ascertain if the enemy were appearing in our front. An hour or two later five com- panies were sent to the front to do picket duty. The first picket line was formed on the left of that established by General Robinsons divis- ion. They were not on their po.sts long before skirmishing began be- tween our pickets and those of the enemy, which continued steadily during the entire day, the result of which was our line was advanced several hundred yards, and upward of 100 prisoners were taken by the pickets of this brigade alone, besides some 15 or 20 killed and wounded. The loss on our side was 1 killed, 12 wonuded, and 3G missing; 4 or 5 of the wounded men are now supposed to be dead, as no intelligence has been received from them. Lieutenant Reinhold, One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsylvania Vol: nnteers, with 27 men from the same regiment, was placed in the woods as a partial support to the picket line, which was expected to be driven in on the afternoon of Tuesday, May 5, and as nothing has been heard from him it is to be supposed that he and his command were all cap- tured after having been withdrawn from the line. At an early hour on the morning of the 6th. the brigade, with th Page 291 CHAP. XXXvILJ TIlE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 291 other troops of this corps, recrossed at the United States Ford and marched to the present encampment. The return march was very orderly, and attended with little straggling. I take pleasure in adding here that to Captain [Charles II.] Flagg, brigade inspector, and to Lieuts. G. A. Heberton and [William L.J Wilson, of my staff, I am indebted for the promptitude and energy dis- played by them in assisting me to carry out orders received from divis. ion headquarters and the attention given by them during the entire march to matters connected with my command. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, THOS. A. ROWLEY, Brigadier- General, Commanding First Brigade. Capt. E. C. BAIRD, Assistant Adjutant. General. IIDQRS. 1ST BRIG., 3D DIV., 1ST ARMy CORPS, ]Jfay 10, 1863. CAPTAIN: In my report of the operations of this brigade during the late battles, 1 accidentally omitted to make mention of Lieut. Robert M. Kellogg, One hundred and fifty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, com- manding the sharpshooters, whose conduct while on picket was such as to entitle him to special notice. On Sunday morning, under the direction of an officer of my staff; he led his body of sharpshooters, nnmbering 30 men, 1~ miles to the front of our lines, and deployed them at close intervals on the left of the pick- ets of the Twelfth Massachusetts. After posting the last man, he started foi- the right of his line, and in passing had to cross a road leading through the tangled woods, when he was surprised by a squad of 7 of the enemy, who overpowered him, and, taking his pistol from him, marched him toward their lines. They had proceeded but a short dis- tance when the whistling of bullets among them revealed the fact that they were pursued, and, while it hastened the steps of the enemy, it somewhat delayed the ~ who, watching a favorable oppor- tunity, jumped behind a tree to escape the bullets of the rebels, and in a moment was rescued by his own men. In the course of the day this body of men, 30 in number, captured over 50 prisoners, killed and wounded 15, and lost but 1 man. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, THOS. A. ROWLEY, Capt. E. C. BAIRD, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 51. 1?eport of Col. Chapman Biddle, One hundred and twenty-first Pennsyl vania Infantry. HDQRS. l21sT REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VoLs., May 11, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that on Tuesday, April 28, 1863, this regiment broke camp near Belle Plain, Va., and, together with the rest of the First Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, marched, via White Oak Church, to a wood near Pollocks Mill, where it encamped for tlie night Page 292 292 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. At 3 a. m. the Third DiviSiOn was formed and started toward the river, but was soon ordered to return to the wood. The regiment remained there until afternoon, when it moved to the bank of the river, sheltered under the bank of the creek near its mouth. April 30, the regiment was mustered, and toward neon was moved across the creek and on the top of the farther (west) bank, where it remained until the enemy opened a battery having it in direct range. The regiment was then moved under shelter of the bank, where it re- mained the night of the 30th and all of May 1. During the morning of May 2, the enemy again opened, and the regi- ment was withdrawn, together with the Third Division, to the Freder. icksburg road, under fire. Passing the Sixth Corps, which was lying at the roadside, the regiment marched to the United States Ford, crossed the pontoon bridge, and arrived at the Elys Ford road at 1 a. m. of May 3, where it rested on arms all night. May 3, 4, and 5 were passed in intrenching and strengthening the line of defense, remaining under arms all the time. At 9 p. m. of the 5th, the regiment was formed on the road, and so remained until about 11 p. in., when it re-occupied the intrenchments until 1 a. m. of the 6th, when it again formed and marched to the United States Ford, which it recrossed, and continued the march to near the old headquarters of General Hooker, where it passed the night. April 7, moved to Fitzhughs woods, near Pollocks Mill, where it en- camped and now remains. A list of the casualties has already been furnished, to which I re- spectfully refer.* I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, CHAPMAN BIDDLE, Colonel 121st Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers. Lieut. WILLIAM L. WILSON, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 52. Report of Col. James R. Porter, One hundred and thirty-fifth Pennsyl vania Infantry. CAMP ON THE ItAPPAHANNOCK, May 9, 1863. Sin: I have the honor to report that, in compliance with orders, my regiment was detached from the First Brigade, Third Division, First Army Corps, at 8 p. m. on April 28, and marched to the banks of the iRappahannock River, and halted on the farm of Mrs. Gray, 5 miles below Fredericksburg, at 11 p. m. the same night, when two comjanies were l)osted along the river bank as sharpshooters. The remainder of the regiment lay down to rest for the night. On the morning of the 29th, three batteries of artillery were placed iu position to the right and rear of Mrs. Gray~s farm, facing the batteries and rifle-pits of the enemy on the opposite side of the river. Firing commenced briskly by the enemy from their rifle-pits on my sharp. shooters, with a loss [to them] of some 10 or 12 killed aud a number wounded, without any loss on mypart, except I man wounded slightly. On the afternoon of the 30th, one company was posted 1~ miles down * Embodied in revised statement, p. 17 Page 293 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 293 the river to the left, to watch the movements of the enemys cavalry, and remained there on that and skirmishing duty along the river bank until the morning of May 2, when it was withdrawn. The remainder of the regiment was stationed with the batteries sup- porting the same until the morning of May 2, when I took up the line of march for the United States Ford, on the Rappahannock, some 12 miles to the right of Fredericksburg, and halted for the night near the ford or crossing. The following morning (May 3), I resumed the march to rejoin the brigade, but, in consequence of the guide taking sick the night previous, and failing to return with directions whereby the regiment could pro. ceed earlier, I did not reach the brigade until afternoon, on the road near Chancellorsyille, where it was placed in the breastworks, and re- mained until the morning of the 6th, when it was ordered to evacuate the works and march with the brigade. On Monday (the 4th), two companies, A and C, were detailed for picket duty. They remained on picket until the 6th, and assisted in covering the retreat. On the afternoon of the 5th instant, Lieut. Henry S. Reinhold and 27 men, of Company E, were sent out as skirmishers to support the pickets in case of an attack, and have not been heard from. They are supposed to have been captured by the enemy. The subjoined is a correct list of the names of the missing of Company E.* On the morning of the 6th, we recrossed the Rappahannock, at the United States Ford, at daylight, and marched all day. We arrived opposite Fredericksburg about 5 p. in., where we encamped for the night. Oii the 7th instant, we marched to our present camp. The following.named members of my regiment are reported wounded, and in hospital at Washington, D. C.: Privates Abraham Shockey, Daniel M. Peer, and John Suiter, Coiipany F. Sergt. E. II. Baum was wounded slightly in hand while skirmishing with the enemy at the Gray farm. Since making out the above report, I have been informed that Maj. R. W. Shenk, of my regiment, was sent back from the brigade on the 3d, with orders and instructions where the brigade could be found, but he did not report to me until 11 a. m. of the same day. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES R. PORTER, Colonel, Comdg. One hundred and thirty.fifth Regt. Pa. Vols. Brig. Gen. T. A. ROWLEY, Comdg. First Brigade, Third Division, First Army Corps. No. 53. Report of Col. Robert P. Cummins, One hundred and forty-second Pennsylvania Infantry. IIDQRS. 14Th REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VoLs., May 10, 1863. Sia: In compliance with circular of this date, I have the honor to submit the following report of the movements df this regiment since leaving the camp near Belle Plain Landing: On Tuesday, April 28, this regiment marched, with the Third IDivis Nominal list omitted. See revised statement, p. 175 Page 294 294 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYIL ion, frpin the old camp near Belle Plain. The route lay along the road from the landing to White Oak Church, and from thence to a point in the woods, nearly a mile from the Rappahannock, and opposite the left of the battle-field of December 13, 1862. The regiment was halted in these woods at sundown, and rested under orders, to be in readiness for a movement at any moment. Rain set in at noon on Tuesday. At 3 a. in., April 29, the men were under arms and in line, where they remained until daylight, when orders were received to rest, and we re- mained in the same position until noon. The regiment, with the other troops of the division, marched toward the river, and was halted in the ravine on [White Oak] Run, a few rods from the pontoon bridge. In this position, with the exception of a very slight change, for protection against the enemys shells, my command remained until the morning of Saturday, May 2. On Thursday, April 30, the men were mustered for pay. In the even- mg, the enemy opened his batt~eries, and the ravine was shelled about an hour. The men were placed under cover of the bank, by order of General Rowley, and, though the fire was very severe, no one of my command was injured. During the whole of Friday, May 1, my command occupied the same position. At noon, we received orders to be in readiness to cross the river, and charge on the enemys batteries at 3 oclock. The movement was not however, made. I believe my men were prepared to obey the order, though the trial would have been a severe one. Early on Saturday morning, May 2, we received orders to march. My command had just been formed in line, when the enemys batteries opened, raking the entire ravine. My horse was struck on the head by a shell and terribly mangled. The regiment moved in good order directly across the ravine and up it. A momentary slackening of the enemys fire favored the movement, and no loss was sustained. I had no hope, a few minutes previously, that we could cross the run and move out without many casualties. Our line of march on Saturday xvas up the Rappahannock River to the United States Ford. The men, though suffering from heavy loads and a burning sun, bore up manfully. We crossed the pontoon bridge at sunset. The intelligence from the front was dispiriting, but the reg- iment was in good condition, and marched with life through the forest under circumstances of no ordinary difficulty. The firing of artillery and musketry, directly in front, was terrible. The men had marched nearly 20 miles, but still, I am happy to say, they showed no want of fortitude for the trial that seemed to be awaiting them. I am not aware that any of my command left the ranks at this time, though the dark- ness would have favored skulking and though the scene was suffi- ciently trying. On reaching the main road, my regiment was deployed along it, on the right of the One hundred and twenty-first, and formed in line. It remained in this position until Wednesday morning, May 6, the men resting on their arms and under orders to be ready to fall in at a moments notice. The night attack on Saturday ended just as our troops reached the field. The men sank down in their places to sleep. They were too much exhausted to eat. I deem it unnecessary to say anything of our operations between the time of our afrival at the front and our withdrawing from the position, further than that breastworks were thrown up on Sunday and Monday, May 3 and 4, and that my command was in excellent condition. On Wednesday, May 6, my command recrossed the river with the remainder of the First Brigade. The return march to our present en Page 295 CHAr. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 295 campmentwas very orderly and attended with less straggling than on any previous occasion. I am happy to add that my regiment sustained no loss in killed and wounded. 1 am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. P. (JUMMIKS, Lieut. WILLIAM L. WILSON, Colonel, Commanding. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 54. Report of Col. Harrison A lien, One hundred and fifty-first Pennsylvania Infantry. IIPQRS. 151ST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VOLS., hay 10, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to make the following report of my corn- lnan(l and movements since leaving camp near Belle Plain, Va., on April 28: We left camp at noon, and marched toward the Rappahannock River. When within 1 mile of the river, we encamped for the night. In the morning we marched to the river, where the pontoon bridges had been constructed. Here we lay in reserve, while skirmishing was going on upon the opposite side of the river. On the 30th, about 6 p. in., the enemy opened upon us with a battery from the heights opposite us, throwing shell with great rapidity, but none of my command were injured. May 1.Nothing of note occurred in my regiment. May 2.The same batteries were opened about 6 a. in., with shell, on the heights, but no one of my regiment was hurt, as it lay under cover ot a high bank. At 8 a. m. we withdrew, under fire, and took up our march with the whole of the First Corps to re-enforce the army then fighting near the United States Ford. Crossing the river about 10.30 a. in., we proceeded immediately to the field of operations, near Chan. cellorsville. Upon arriving there, the First Corps was stationed in front, on the right of the line, where we threw up fortifications to hold our position. I immediately sent a part of my regiment to skirmish in front of our lines. During the 3d and 4th we took 61 prisoners and killed 12 of the enemy. We occupied the same position during the 5th. On the morning of the 6th, my regiment, with the whole corps, marched back; recrossed the river at the United States Ford, and marched to where we encamped for the night, about 2 miles northeast of Freder- icksburg. Leaving there, we marched to our present camp on May 7, where everything has been quiet since. The men in my command behaved under fire and during the whole march with coolness and bravery. The loss in killed, wounded, and missing of my regiment is as follows * Respectfully submitted. H. ALLEN, General T. A. ROWLEY, Colonel, Commanding Regiment. Commanding Brigade. * Nominal list, omitted, shows 1 man killed, 1 officer (accidentally) and 5 men wounded, and 9 men missing Page 296 296 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. No. 55. Report of Col. Roy Stone, One hundred and forty.ninth Pennsylvania infantry, commanding Second Brigade. CAMP NEAR POLLOUXS MILL, VA., May 9, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to report that the brigade under my command marched on the afternoon of April 28 from camp, near Belle Plain, to position near Pollocks Mill, distant 7~ miles. Halted for the night. Moved down to the bank of the IRappahannock next morning, where it remained until the morning of May 2. My command took no active part in the operations at this place, but manifested a creditable coolness and steadiness during the heavy shell. ing by the enemy on April 30 and May 1. At 8 a. in., May 2, we marched for Chancellorsville, arriving at 2 a. m. in position ou the Elys Ford road, near Hunting Run; distance, accurately measured, 22~ miles. This march was an extremely severe one, the day being hot and the men burdened with eight days rations, and having no halt longer than twenty minutes, but it was accomplished without the loss of a man saving a few sick, who were excused by the surgeons. Immediately upon getting into position, the construction of abatis and rifle-pits was commenced, and by 9 a. m. a very good line for de- fense was completed. Pickets were thrown out to the front, and at dawn of day scouts and sharpshooters were sent out to the front under the efficient command of Lient. A. Row, One hundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers. The enemys pickets were encountered at a distance of three-fourths of a mile, shots were exchanged, amid many prisoners captured. This work of feeling for the enemy was continued (luring the time spent in that position, and was of great advantage in discovering the enemys strength, position, and nature of the ground in our front. Capt. J. II. Bassler and Licut. D. A. Fish , One hundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and Capt. II. Bell, One hundred and fiftieth Pennsylvania Volunteers, with scouting parties from their respective regiments, did excellent service of the same character. AtO p.m., on May 4, I was ordered to reconnoiter with my brigade the Ridge road leading south from General Robinsons left, to ascertain the enemys position an(l whether it was held in force. I advanced cautiously, the gron mid being densely wooded, with skirmishers thrown out on the front and flanks of the main body, until I had gained the distance of a mile, when I found the enemy in force in front and to the left. It was growing dark, and as my command moved with the most perfect quiet and caution, scouts were enabled to approach undiscov- ered until they could hear the enemys voices, roll-calls, work upon the fortifications, and all indications of the presence of a heavy force, ex- tending along a front of at least 400 yards. As my orders were per- emptory to return before dark, and the object of the reconnaissance was fully accomplished, I did not attack, but retired, mimi discovered by the enemy, having captured 4 prisoners, who confirmed my information regarding the enemys force. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of my officers and men on this reconnaissance, and generally in their scouting and picket duty. Their perfect self-possession, together with the utmost watchfulness, preserved us from needless alarms, while it secured us against surprise. While the pickets on our right and left were being continually stam- peded, no false alarm, even, occurred in our front Page 297 CHAr. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 297 On May~6, my command marched from near ChanceLlorsville to White Oak Church, 22 miles, over very difficult roads and through a terrible storm. I have only to report 1 man seriously and 2 slightly wounded. My scouts killed 3 and wounded 7 of the enemy. The brigade sharpshooters captured 24 One hundred and forty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers captured 2 One hundred and forty-ninth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers captured 86 One hundred and fiftieth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers captured 20 Total number of prisoners captured 132 My-command has more men for duty and more arms than when the campaign commenced, and is in excellent spirits and condition. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ROY STONE, Cot. 149th Pa. T~ols., Comdg. 2d Brig., 3d Div., 1st A. C. Maj. Gen. A. DOUBLEDAY, Commanding Third Division, First Army Corps. No. 56. Report of Cot. Edmund L. Dana, One hundred and forty.third Penn sylvania Infantry. NEAR POLLOCKS MILL, VA., May 9, 1863. COLONEL: I have the honor to report that the One hundred and forty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, with the Second Bri- gade, Third Division, First Army Corps, of which it forms a part, marched from its camp, near Belle Plain, on Tuesday, April 28 last, at 11.30 a. in.~ in a severe storm of rain, and encamped that evening near Pollocks Mill, below Fredericksburg. On the following morning this regiment, with the remainder of your brigade, was moved near the banks of the liappahannock as a reserve and support, with other troops of the force which had already crossed the river, remaining in this position until afternoon. At about 6 oclock on Thursday, April 30, a fire was opened by the enemy from the opposite hills, directed in part on your brigade, and continued until dark. On the following day, May 1, this regiment, with the other two corn- posing your brigade, was formed and held in line under arms, prepara. tory to crossing the river and charging upon a force of the enemy in- trenched along the Bowling Green road. For reasons nnknown to me the charge was not made, and no other event of importance in this con- nection occurred on that day. On the following morning, we started with the residue of your corn- mand, and marched up the Rappahannock, cr0 ssing in the evening at the United States Ford, and moved on thence with the First Army Corps to tak the position assigned us in one of the lines of battle near (Jhancellorsville, on the road leading from that place to Elys Ford, ar- riving upon the ground before the close of the severe firing on Saturday evening, May 2. The regiment was formed for action agreeably to your orders, and so remained until, at a late hour, the firing ceased, and the men lay down to rest on their arms, after a day and night of unex- ampled marching and fatigue Page 298 298 N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XX~VIL Early on the following morning, Sunday, May 3, commenced upon our left a severe battle, lasting upward of five hours, and during its continuance momentarily threatening, as was supposed, to extend to that portion of the line occupied by your command. While standing to their arms, in readiness to receive the enemy, a temporary breastwork was by this regiment throwii up, which, after the engagement ceased, was extended and strengthened, and an abatis constructed at a suitable distance in front, so as to form a position capable of being held against greatly superior numbers. We continued to hold and occupy this posi- tion of the line, and to keep well advanced in front of it toward the en- emy a strong and vigilant force of outposts, with suitable reserves~ during Sunday and until Monday afternoon, when my regiment was ordered to move as part of a reconnoitering force, under your command to examine the position and movements of the enemys left. Returning after dark from the successful discharge of this duty, the regiment, with your brigade, resumed its position in the original line, and occupied the same until 2 oclock on the morning of Wednesday, May 6, when, leav- ing our pickets and outposts in position to watch the movements of the enemy, the regiment, with the other troops, took up the line of march and crossed the pontoons at the United States Ford at 7 a. in., and, after a fatiguing march consequent upon the labor and excitement of the preceding nine days, arrived at White Oak Church at about 9 p. m. in a violent storm, and there bivouacked for the night. On the following day we moved with the residue of your command by easy marches to our old camp at Belle Plain, and on the day follow- ing to our present camp near Pollocks Mill. I am not advised of any losses in this regiment except I, Theophilus Westover, Company D, severely wounded. Serious apprehensions were entertained that the entire detail for outpost duty and advance guard from this regiment~ including the whole of Company C, Capt. George N. Reichard command- ing, had been captured; but owing to the excellent precaution taken under your directions, and the establishment of a line of telegraph, they were all withdrawn in safety, and have rejoined their regiment. A considerable number of rebel prisoners were captured by the pickets and outposts of the regiments composing your brigade daring the oper- ations near Chancellorsville. The men of my command are suffering the usual consequences of long and rapid marches in soreness of feet, and loss, through necessity, of a portion of their overcoats, blankets, shoes, & c. The experience of the late movements, if I may be pardoned the remark, furnishes strong evi- dence that only in critical emergencies should men be compelled to carry, in addition to their usual equipments, including 60 rounds of cartridges, eight days rations. I have the honor further to report that without one exception the offi- cers and men of this regiment behaved with great coofuess and courage under fire at Pollocks Mill and in the trying position assigned them in the advance line on the Chancellorsville road. At each of the frequent alarms by the advance of the enemy toward our pickets, both by day and night, every one sprang with alacrity and precision to his place, and steadily awaited orders with a degree of coolness and self-posses- sion which would have been highly creditable to veteran troops. I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, EDMUND L. DANA, Gel., Comdg. One hundred and forty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. Col. lio~ ST0~E, Comdg. ~Second Brigade, Third Division, First Army Corps Page 299 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 299 No. 57. Report of Lieut. Gol. Walton Dwight, One hundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry. NEAR WHITE OAK CHURCH, VA., 2lIay 9, 1863. SIR: Relative to the part our regiment has taken in the general mov& ments of the past eleven days, I have the honor to submit the follow- ing report: On the 28th ultimo we were ordered to move from our camp near Belle Plain; broke up camp at 12 in.; halted first night near the Rap- pahannock, below Pollocks Mill, nothing of interest occurring during our march to that point. On the morning of the 29th ultimo, we were again moving, and took a sheltered position near the bank of the river, where our regiment remained without taking any active part in the operations going on in our front. While lying there, we were spectators of a very pretty ar- tillery duel between our batteries, posted on a hill in our rear, and the enemys, bn the heights on the opposite side of the river. It being the first fire our regiment was ever under, it would not, perhaps, be amiss for me to remark that the desire to get a better sight was so great on the part of our boys that I had much to do in keeping them under shelter while the shells were whizzing by us. On the morning of the 2d instant, we again received marching orders. We moved during the next sixteen hours from Pollocks Mill to a point near Chancellorsville, distant some 20 miles, where we took position in front and near the right of our main army, operating against the enemy at this point. We immediately proceeded to erect rifle-pits, abatis, & c., and made our position a very strong one. This was all accomplished by 9 a. m. of the 3d instant. A small party of picked men I sent out in the meantime had found the enemy about three-quarters of a mile distant from our line of works. During the day our regiment captured 86 pris- oners in front of our picket line. Nothing of interest occurred during tbat night. False alarms, caused by unnecessary firing by the pickets on the left of our brigade, kept us constantly on the lookout. We were always ready for an attack. The 4th was a dull day; no fighting or capturing of prisoners. All was quiet until toward night, when we were ordered to fall in for a re- connaissance in force. Every man was eager for whatever the next few hours had in store; we moved out cheerily. It is unnecessary for me to speak of the part we took in that affair. However, it would be well to here remark that the 4 prisoners taken on that occasion were captured by two of our companies acting as skirmishers, under Captains McCul- lough and Osborne, making the total number captured by our regiment while across the river 90. I do not know how many guns or equipments were captured, as some were captured without arms. The 5th instant was a quiet day, nothing of interest occurring. On the morning of the 6th instant, we were again moving; recrossed the river, and marched back to our old camp near Belle Plain, where we arrived on the morning of the 7th instant. On the morning of the 8th, marched to our present camp. In conclusion, I can only remark that the cheerfulness, perseverance, and general good qualities constantly displayed by our men under all the various circumstances by which we have been surrounded in th Page 300 300 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. past ten days are of that high character that always secures the admi- ration and esteem of those with whom they may be immediately con- nected. I cannot speak in terms of praise of any particular individual over another when all performed so xvell all the duties assigned them; however, I must call your attention to Captain Bassler, Company C, and First Lieutenant Fish, of Company A. The service they rendered the command in ascertaining the true position of the enemy was of too high an order to pass by unmentioned. Very respectfully submitted. WALTON DWIGHT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Corndg. One hundred and forty-ninth Pa. Vols. Col. Roy STONE, tjomdg. & cond Brig., Third Div., First Army Corps. No. 158. Beport of Col. Langhorne Wister, One hundred and fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantry. IIDQRS. 150TH PENNSYLVANIA VoLs., ]lIay 9, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to report that the One hundred and fiftieth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, which I have the honor of com- manding, in obedience to orders from headquarters Second Brigade, Third Division, First Army Corps, broke camp near Belle Plain Land- ing, Va., at 2 p. m. on April 28, and marched to the vicinity of Pollocks Mill, Va., a distance of about 7 miles, halting by the way for a short time near White Oak Church. The regiment reached the woods, when it was ordered to halt about three-quarters of a mile from the Rappa- hannock at about 5.30 p. m. It remained during the night and the greater part of the ensuing day in said woods. At about 1 p. m. it was ordered to advance nearer to the river, and was halted in a hollow about 1 furlong distant from the river and a little above the point of crossing. In this hollow and immediately near it the regiment lay still from the afternoon of April 29 until the morning of May 2, at about 8.30 a. m. of which day, in obedience to orders, it moved farther up the river. During the stay of the regiment at Pollocks Mill, the enemy on two occasions attempted to throw shells into its position. First, on April 30, at about 6 p. in., and secondly, on May 2, just as the regiment was moving out of the hollow aforesaid to take up its line of march up the river. On neither occasion did the regiment suffer any damage. When the regiment, as aforesaid, moved on May 2, it proceeded past Falmouth to the United States Ford, on the Rappahannock, a distance of about 18 miles. There the river was crossed on a I)ontoou bridge. A great delay was caused just before crossing by the passing of artillery and ammunition trains, so that it was 8 p. m. and very dark when the regiment reached the high land on the other side. Here Or(lerS were received to move on immediately to the battle-fi~ld. The regiment ac- cordingly moved with great difficulty, the road being blocked with am- bulances, ammunition wagons, & c., and very much cut up. The regiment reached the road in the rear of the first line of battl Page 301 301 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. at about 11,30 p. in., and was moved toward the left, but was halted and again moved toward the right of the line. The position desire& was reached at about 1.30 a. m. on the morning of May 3. The regiment was, from the road, moved forward in line into a thick and very extensive forest, where it bivouacked. An abatis having first been hastily constructed and a line of pickets thrown forward, immediately after daylight the work of intrenching was begun, and a formidable rifle-pit was constructed by noon of May 3. The regiment remained in its intrenchments during May 3, throwing out heavy pickets and scouting parties, who captured a considerable number of prisoners. On the afternoon of May 4, the regiment, with the brigade of which it forms a part, was ordered to make a reconnaissance in advance of the right of our position. The regiment was in the advance of the recon- naissance, which- proceeded about half a mile beyond the picket line of our forces. During this little expedition the scouting parties of the regiment captured 2 prisoners and made some important discoveries of the enemys movements. On May 5, the regiment lay quiet in its intrenchments until 7 p. in.,. when it received orders to march at once toward the river. The regi- ment was moved out into the road and lay there until 9 p. in., when it was ordered to return to its position. At 2 a. in. on the morning of May 6, the regiment was again ordered to move, and marched to the bridge, recrossed the Itappahannock, which it reached, after a march of. about 5 miles over a very difficult road, at about daylight. The crossing was accomplished without trouble. The march was continued until about 12.30 p. in., when the regiment was halted about 2 miles above Falmouth, having marched about 13 miles. During the day it had been raining heavily at times. At about 4 p. m. the column was again put in motion. At about 5 p. m. a terrible storm of hail and rain came on, which made the roads almost impassable, and nearly overwhelmed men and horses by its violence. Darkness came on while this command was still about 2 miles from White Oak Church. That point was, however, at last reached, after a march of about 21 miles. The regiment bivouacked, as did the rest of the command, in the vacated camps of the Sixth Corps, lying near. Early in the morning of the 7th, the regiment was again moved for- ward, and reached its former camp near Belle Plain, Va., at about 10 a. in., a distance of 4 miles. It was allowed to remain here until about 7 a. m. on the morning of the 8th, when it was again moved to Po1lock~ Mill, reaching the woods baek of that place at about 11 a. m. on said morning, a distance of about 7 iniles and went into camp. During all the marches hereinbefore described, some of which were extremely arduous, there was little or no strar~ling from the regiment, and very few men were compelled to fall out by reason of illness. Two men of the regiment have been wounded, 1 (letached with Battery B,of this command, the other, having fallen out of the regiment during the march from the United States Ford to Chancellorsville, was placed in one of the regiments actively engaged in the battle of May 3, and re- ceived a slight wound. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, LANGHO1INE WISTER, Golonel One hundred and Fiftieth Regiment Pa. Yo~s. Lient. JOHN E. PARSONS, Acting As8istant Adjutant- General Page 302 ~O2 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. No. 59. Report of Maj. Ezra W. Matthews, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery, Chief of Artillery. HDQRS. ARTILLERY, THIRD DIV., FIRST ARI~IY CORPS, illay 10, 1863. GENERAL: I have the honor to inclose the reports of the operations of Batteries B, F, and (1, First Pennsylvania Artillery, -from April 29 to May 6. While in position at the lower crossing of the iRappahannock, oppo- site the Fitzhugh house, they were engaged, on April 29 and 30, and May 1 and 2, in shelling the rifle-pits and in replying to the enemys heavy guns (20-pounder Parrotts) at long range; no loss at this point. On the 2d instant, they marched with the First Corps to and across the United States Ford. On the 3d, Captain Amsden, commanding Battery G, took position in the front line of the Second Army Corps, near the white house, at one time occupied as headquarters by General Hooker. Here he was constantly annoyed by the enemys sharpshooters,~and during the several engagements lost 2 men severely wounded, 1 officer and 4 men slightly wonnded, and 3 horses killed. On the afternoon of the 3d, Captain lRicketts took position in front of General Meades headquarters, on the left of the Fifth Corps and on the right of the Second. This position was attacked several times, and was exposed to the constant fire of the sharpshooters of the enemy, but, by removing his horses to the rear and throwing up earthworks in front, Captain IRicketts suffered no loss what- ever. General Whipple was standing near this position when shot by one of the enemys sharpshooters. Captain Cooper did not move to the front, but on the 5th recrossed the river and took position on the left bank below the ford, where he threw a few shells at the enemys batteries at long range; he suffered no loss. On the 6th instant, the batteries returned to camp near their present position at White Oak Church. Officers and men behaved well, with one exception, aii attached infantryman, of Battery F, who feigned sickness and did not cross the river;, he will be brought to trial. The batteries are ready for further operations. I have the honor to be, general, sour obedient servant, E. W. MATTHEWS, Major, Commanding Artillery, Third Division, First Army Corps. Maj. Gen. A. DOUBLEDAY, Commanding Third Division, First Army ~Jorps. No. 60. Report of Capt. James IL Cooper, Battery B, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. ______ , 1863. SIR: I have the honor to make the following report of the action of Battery B, First Pennsylvania Artillery, from April 29 to May 7: The battery was ordered into position on the morning of April 29 on the left bank of the IRappahannock, a short distance below the Bernar Page 303 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 303 house, and to the right of the bridges. At about 8.30 a. in., by order of Colonel Wainwright, the rifle-pits of the enemy, on the opposite shore, were shelled slowly for about one hour. During the firing 79 projectiles were expended, of which 30 were Schenkl percussion, 30 Hotchkiss time. shell, and 19 ilotelikiss case-shot. Most of the percussion- shell struck in and about the pits and exploded. A small proportion (lid not ex- plode. The llotchkiss shell and case-shot worked well, most of them exploding at or near the points fired upon. The battery remained at the place above designated without further action until the morning of May 2, ~it 10 a. in., when it took up the line of march for the United States Ford, where it crossed the river and parked three-eighths of a mile from the bank until May 5. At 10 a. in., by order of Captain Best, it recrossed the river and was posted on the bank of the river, 1 mile below the United States Ford, where it remained until about 10 a. in., May 6, when the enemy ol)ened a battery to our right and front, about 1,500 yards distant. This battery was beyond a crest of a hill, firing down a ravine at Thompsons and Knaps batteries. We could see nothing but the smoke of their gnus rising above the crest of the hill, and the projectiles were fired at such an elevation as to go over the hill, and the effect could not be observed. This engagement lasted about one hour, in which 73 projectiles were fired, of which 10 were llotchkiss time-shell, 12 Schenkl percussion, and 51 Hotchkiss case-shot. At 5.30 p. m. the battery with- drew from this position, and went into camp near the Warrenton pike. On the morning of the 7th instant, it marched to its present camp near White Oak Church, where it arrived at 5 p. m. No casualties occurred to the men or officers of the battery during these operations. The materials lost were 1 horse (left exhausted); 4 tar.buckets and 4 watering-buckets were lost on the march. Respectfully, your obedient servant, J. II. COOPER, Captain, Pennsylvania Artillery, Commanding Battery B. Col. C. S. WAINWRIcTHT Chief of Artillery, First Army Corps. No. 61. Report of Capt. R. Bruce Rieketts, Battery F, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. IIDQRs. BATTERY F, FIRST PENNSYLVANIA ARTILLERY, May 9, 1863. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my command in the late operations in the vicinity of Freder- icksburg: At daylight ou the morning of April 29, 1 was placed in position in the corn-field in front of the Fitzhugh house, by Colonel Wainwright, chief of artillery, First Army Corps. At 5 p. in. on the 30th, the enemy opened from a battery of 20- pounder Parrott guns, at a distance of about 3,600 yards, and contin- ued firing until 7 p. m. During that time I fired 20 llotchkiss shell, 25 Schenkl percussion, and 3 case-shot (Scheukl), at an elevation of from 10 to 14 degrees, and fuse from eleven to fifteen seconds. The di Page 304 304 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVII. tance being so great, and several batteries firing at the same time, it was impossible to determine with any degree of certainty what execu- tion was done. I was able to ascertain, however, the proper elevation to be 14 degrees, and length of fuse fifteen seconds. On Saturday morning, May 2, the enemy opened again from the same battery. IDuring the forenoon I fired 30 shell (llotchkiss), 27 percussion (Schenkl), and 18 case-shot (Schenki), all at an elevation of 14 degrees. On Saturday afternoon, I marched with my command up the river, and crossed at the United States Ford. On Sunday even- ing, I was ordered to the front, to relieve Captain Seeleys battery, and was placed in position on the extreme left of the Fifth Army Corps. The enemy made several attacks on this position, but every time were repulsed. The woods in front were but 250 yards distant, and were oc- cupied by the enemys sharpshooters, who kept np a continued firing, compelling me to remove the horses to the rear and to throw np earth- works for the protection of the men. Not a man or horse was hit dur- ing all the operations. While in this position, I fired 4 rounds of can- ister and 2 case-shot (Schenkl), with one and a half seconds fuse. On Tuesday evening, May 5, 1 received orders to retire across the river, and reached our present camp, near White Oak Church, on Thur~day, May 7. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, li. BRUCE IRICKETTS Captain, Coindg. Battery F, First Pennsylvania Artillery. Maj. E. W. MATTHEWS, Chief of Artillery, Third Division, First Army Corps. No. 62. Report of Capt. Frank P. Amsden, Battery G, First Pennsylvania Li~ht Artillery. CAMP BATTERY 0-, FIRST PENNSYLVANIA ART., ]liay 9, 1863. MAJOR: I have the honor to make the following report of the par- ticipation of Battery G, First Pennsylvania Artillery, in the late engage- ment: Left camp April 28, abont 10 a in.; took up line of march for the heights in the rear of Pollocks Mill reached the heights and went into position about daylight on the morning of the 29th. Fired 8 rounds of shrapnel during the morning. Left this position at 4p.m. May 1; took position near Travelers Rest~ on Widow Gray~s farm, about 10 a. in. On the 2d instant, took up line of march to the United States Ford; crossed the United States Ford about midnight, and encamped in the woods about 2 miles beyond the ford. About 10 a. m. on the 3d instant, I received orders from Captain Candler, aide to General Hooker, to report at General Hookers head- quarters with the battery; found General Meade at headquarters, who ordered me to report to General Couch, on the ro d toward Chancel- lorsville; reported to General Couch who ordered me to report to Cap- tain Weed, commanding the artillery. Was assigned a position in the line of artillery, upon the ground recently occupied as General Hook- ers headquarters; maintained this position until 8 a. m. of the 5th instant Page 305 CLIAr. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 305 On the 3d instant, fired 90 shrapnel, 23 shell, and 46 canister. On the 4th instant, fired 32 shrapnel, 44 shell, and 20 canister. On the 3d instant, First Lient. Beldin Spence slightly wounded, 2 men severely and 4 slightly wounded, and 3 horses killed. On the 4th instant, 2 men severely wounded. On the 5th instant, at 8 p. in., 1 took up line of march and recrossed the river at the United States Ford, and encamped on the heights for the night. On the 6th instant, took UI) line of march for old camp, and encamped on the night of the 6th at the white house, near headquarters Army of the Potomac. On the morning of the 7th instant, I received orders from Colonel Wainwright to report to General Doubleday, commanding Third Divis- ion, First Army Corps; marched with the division to the heights, near Pollocks Mill. On the 8th instant, I received orders from Colonel Wainwright to join artillery park of the First Corps, in camp near White Oak Church; joined the same at 4 p. m. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, F. P. AMSDEN, Captain, Comdg. Battery G, First Pennsylvania Artillery. Maj. E. W. MATTHEWS Chief of Arti1~ery, Third Division, First Army Corps. No. 63. Reports of lliaj. Gen. Darius N. Couch, U. S. Army, commanding Second Army Corps. FALMOUTH, VA., May 9, 1863. Siu: In obedience to the order of the major-general commanding, I have the honor to submit the Iollowing memoranda of the part taken by the Second Corps in the recent movement across the iRappahannock: On the morning of the 28th of April, Hancocks and Frenchs divisions marched to Banks Ford, Gibbons divison remaining in position near Falmouth. Laid out works at the ford, and worked that night; also Put large working parties on the road to United States Ford. Car. rolls brigade, Frenchs division, sent to United States Ford in the morning. April 29.Completed the road to United States Ford, and marched the two divisions to that point. Worked all night to get np the bridge trains. April 30.Large working parties under General Warren repairing road to get the pontoons to the river. Received a dispatch from Gen. eral Meade at 9.30 a. in., saying the enemy were in hwce at United States Ford. Saw but few men after daylight. At 10.15 a. m. commenced moving down the bridge train. At 3.30 p. in. the bridge was ready. Received a dispatch from General Hooker, saying he expected the bridge to be down by night. Marched to Chancellorsville, arriving about 9 p. m. May 1.At 1 p. m. went with Hancocks division to support Sykes, who was withdrawn behind Hancocks division. Hancock in line for the night between Sykes and Griffin. French ordered to Todds Tavern, but withdrawn and placed in reserve. 20 R HVOL XXV, PT Page 306 306 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL May 2.The corps in line between Meade and Slocum. A strong picket, on the road leading to Fredericksburg, held its position under Colonel Miles, Hancocks division, after repeated assaults. The enemy felt our lines. Toward evening Hays brigade, Frenchs divisiQn, ordered to support Berry. My whole line intrenched. May 3.Part of Frenchs division attacked and drove the enemy from the woods, capturing 300 prisoners, and retaking a Zouave regiment of the Third Corps, previously captured by the enemy. A battery and ammunition train were taken, but could not be brought off. Hancocks division held the advance at Chancellorsville, in connec- tion with a part of Slocums corps, until ordered to fall back, at 10 a. in., which was done in good order, Hancocks division covering. Got into new position between Howard and Sickles at 12 m. May 4.Quiet on my front. May 5.Orders for the withdrawal of the army. At midnight the bridges were reported unserviceable. Telegraphic communication being cut off with General Hooker, the movement was suspended by my order. May 0.At 2 a. m. communication was reopened with General Hooker, the bridges were reported serviceable, and he ordered the movement to proceed. It was safely accomplished on the morning of the 6th. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, D. N. COUCH, Major- General, Commanding. Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General, Army of the Potomac. HEADQUARTERS SECOND CORPS DARM~E, May 20, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to inform you that, on the morning of April 28, the divisions of Major Generals Hancock and French marched at sunrise to Banks Ford, Brigadier-General Gibbon, with his division, being retained in camp opposite Fredericksburg, subject to orders direct from the major-general commanding the army. According to instruc. tions, the crossing at Banks Ford was threatened by throwing up works, & c., while the road to the United States Ford was repaired. At 2 p. m. on the 29th, the two divisions marched to that place, which had been occupied the day previous by Colonel Carrolls brigade, of Frenchs division. Every effort was made that night to get up the pon- toons. Brigadier-General Warren, of General Hookers staff, joined, and gave his valuable assistance. The rifle-pits were held by part of a rebel brigade, most of which fell back at daylight of the 30th. At 10.15 a. m. the difficult descent to the ford having been made practicable by General Warren, the pontoons, under Major Spaulding, were taken down to the ford, and at 3.15 p. m. one bridge was ready and the corps commenced crossing. A second bridge was also directed to be thrown over, and at 9 oclock that evening we got into bivouac near Chancellorsville, where were already the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Corps. On the morning of the 1st instant, I was directed to send a division and a battery to Todds Tavern, a junction of roads some 6 miles distant, in the direction of Spotsylvania Court-House. Major-General French started with his division and Arnolds battery. The order for this move- ment was countermanded at the same time that the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps, which had moved out on the Plank road, toward Fred- ericksburg, were ordered to return to camp. Arnolds battery was sent to report to Major-General Sykes at ip. in. Page 307 flJHAP. XXXYII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 307 who was out on the turnpike leading to Fredericksburg. Soon after, instructions were given me by Major-General Hooker to support Sykes with a division. Hancock marched out and took up a strong position, while the former, with his command, drew in behind him. At this time there was considerable skirmishing and some artillery used. Hancocks position was held after the Twelfth Corps, on my right, had retired to Chancellorsville, and positive orders were received to fall back to the position held in the morning. Afterward instructions came to hold on until 5 p. in., connecting with Meade on my left and Slocum on the right, which was impossible, seeing that the enemy, by following up -Slocum, menaced my right and rear. Hancock took up a new line to the left of Sykes. The enemy commanded this line. Lieutenant-Cob- nel Walker was seriously wounded at night by a shell. Major-General French, with his division, was held in reserve. -By morning of the 2d, Hancock got into a new position, his right connecting with Sbocums left at Chancellorsville. Colonel Miles, of the Sixty first New York, with a strong body of skirmishers, held some rifle- pits in the forest to the front, and was attacked by the enemy, but unsuccessfully. I succeeded that day in intrenching my entire line. iMajor-General French connected with Hancocks left, and at sunset sent Brigadier-General Hays, with his brigade, to support Major-General Berry. At 5 a. m. on Sunday, the 3d, the battle opened with great fury. In the conrse of the morning the corps on my right was pushed in so as to enable the enemy to concentrate their artillery fire on Chancellorsville with great effect. Major-General French moved into the forest on the right of the Plank road, looking west Carrolls brigade in front. He drove the enemy, taking about 300 prisoners and recapturing a regi- ment of one of the corps in the hands of the rebels. Brigadier-General Caldwells brigade, of Hancocks division, also went in creditably. Gen- eral Hays brigade was severely engaged, that fine officer being wounded and taken prisoner. Meagher, with his brigade, that had been covering a point to the right and rear of our whole line, was ordered up. By 9 a. m. the only point contested by the two armies was the salient, Chancellorsville. On our side the woods in front were held by a part of the Twelfth Corps, under Geary; the open ground by a few regiments of Hancocks division and about eighteen pieces of artillery. The enemy succeeded in planting their batteries, most of them well covered, to the west, on our right; to the east, on our left, and southerly, on our front, concentrating their fire on this point with great accuracy and terrible execution. Our guns, however, were not idle or ineffective, as their fire fell with such terrible effect upon A. P. Hills division as to enable Geary to draw off his men, when ordered, at his leisure, ai~d holding them with stubborn courage. Leppiens battery, of the First Corps, was badly cut up, the officers having been, all of them, either killed or wounded. I placed the brave Lieutenant Kirby in command, who held it until severely, if not mortally, wounded. Pettit, with his rifled gnus, fought nobly, and so did ODonohue, of Thomas battery, who was inor- tally wounded. The gallant Colonel Cross, of the Fitth New Hampshire, and his command claim my mimiration. About 9.45 a. in. I was called to the Chandler house to briefly take command of the army, simply acting as executive officer to General hooker in fulfilling his instructions, which were to draw in the front and make some new dispositions. Oii leaving Chancelborsville to see General Hooker~ General Hancock was left in command at that place, withdrawing successfully upon receiving the orders. I express my thanks to this officer for his gallantry, energy, and his example o Page 308 308 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL marlied personal bravery. 1~lis complete report will show what that brave division did. Major-General Fr:ench was not under my immediate command during~ the morning, but I refer you to his report, together with those of hi~ brigade and regimental commanders, to show how completely the work was done by him and his fine troops. I call attention to the report of Lieutenant-Colonel Morgan, chief of artillery. Brigadier-General Gibbon, commanding Second Division, having made his report direct to your office, I simply say that he performed well his part, seconded by his division. The operations of the medical and ambulance CO~l)5 were very grati- fying; only 40 of my wounded were left on the field. Some prisoners~ were taken from the First Division, as will be seen by General Han- cocks report. The gentlemen of the various departments of my staff behaved with their usual gallantry and (levotion. It is due to them that their names should be recorded: Lieujienant-ColomA [Francis A.] Walker, assistant adjutant- general (wounded); Lieutenant Colonel Morgan, inspector- general arid chief of artillery; Surgeon [Alexander N.] Dougherty, medical director; Surgeon [William II.] Morton, medical inspector;. Major [S. Octavius] Bull, provost-marshal; Major [John B.] Burt and Captaimi [John S.] Schultze and [Licut. James N.] Potter, aides-de-camp~ Captain [Amos T.] Hecock, chief of ambulance corps, and Captain [Edward P.] Browuson, commissary of musters. Lieutenant-Colonels [Richard N.] Batchelder and [Joseph S.] Smith,. chiefs of the quartermasters and commissary departments, though not. in battle, performed their l)arts well and satisfactory. Captains [Robert E.] Ellerbeek and [Riley] Johnson, also Lieutenants [Lewis] Wetmore and [Dai~iel C.] Swank, of the cavalry, assisted me in the field, and. were valuable aides. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, D. N. COUCH, Major- General. Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMs, A8sistant Adjutant-General, Army of the Potomac. [Thclosure-] General recapitulation of losse8. * - Corn~issioned Enlisted men. A~regate. Command. b bi~ a -~ ~ ~ ii ci d ~ I fldqrs. Second Army Corps . - -. 1 - - 1 - - Artillery Reserve. 1 - -. I 1 Cavalry squadron. 2 - -~i- 1, 039 First Division 5 48 10 83 72 396 Second Division 9 - 9 5 I 84 12 101 - . Third Division 3 35 21 40 60 468 118 6Th . Total . - 8 94 32 134 137 911 701 1, 789 I 145 1, 04o 835 2, 025 I I Respectfully submitted. ~ D S HANCOCK, Major-Genei at Gommunding Corp8. HEADQUART R5 SECOND ARMY Conrs, May 23, 1861. But see revisc4 statement, pp. 176~ 177. Page 309 eHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 309 No. 64. Re~port of Lient. Cot. Charles H. Morgan, Assistant Inspector. General and Chief of Artillery. HEADQUARTERS SECOND CORPS, May 14, 1863. CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part ~aken by the artillery of this corps in the late movement of the army: On the morning of April 28, the following batteries moved to Banks Ford: Kirbys, I, First United States; Cashings, A, Fourth United States; Thomas, C, Fourth United States; Arnolds, A, First Rhode Island, and Pettits, B, First New York. The following batteries re- mained with General Gibbons command near Falmouth: Adams, G, First Rhode Island, and Hazards, B First Rhode Island. Ames bat- tery (G, First New York) accompanied Carrolls brigade of infantry to the United States Ford. On the 29th, the five batteries first mentioned moved to the United States Ford, and on the 30th, together with Ames battery, crossed the river, parking for the night near the Chandler house. On the morning of May 1, Arnolds battery was sent out on the IFredericksburg road, and, under the direction of Captain Weed, Fifth U. S. Artillery, chief of artillery, Fifth Corps, assisted in covering the withdrawal of Sykes division from its advanced position. One section of Cushings battery, under Lieutenant Canby, was also in position for the same purpose. On May 2, one section of Pettits battery was detached with the Irish Brigade near Mills. About 5 p. m. the remainder of this battery relieved Knaps battery, near the Chancellor house, and soon after became engaged with a L~ttery on the Fredericksburg road, with no loss on our side. Kirbys battery was parked across the road near the Chancellor house until about 9 p. m, when it, with Cushings bat- tery, was placed in position to the right of the Plank road and beyond the Chancellor house, under direction of Captain Comstock, U. S. Eu- ~1neers. Three pieces of Thomas battery, under Lieutenant Thomas, were in position in the same vicinity, the other three pieces being placed along General Hancocks line, under Lieutenant ODonohue (Hogans battery). At 3 a. m. on the morning of the 3d, all the artillery of the corps, excepting Pettits battery and three pieces of Thomas, were sent to the vicinity of the United States Ford, by direction of Major-General Couch. The enemy driving in our lines on the right, in the direction of the iPlank road, these batteries changed front to rear. ODonohnes pieces were occupied from time to time in shelling the woods to their left. Pettits battery was not able to fire while our troops still held the ridge on his front, and he was moved by me to a I)oint near the Chandler house, and placed in battery to shell the woods through which the en- emy were endeavoring to force their way. He was almost immediately recalled, however, by Major-General Couch, our lines having given way and the enemys artillery being adv~uced to the same ridge occupied by ours during the morning. I returned with this battery and placed it in position, and remained with it and GDonohues pieces long enough to satisfy myself that both officers and men were acquitting themselves handsomely. I noticed ~)articularly the g~llaiitry of Lieutenant ODon- ohue, afterward wounded and left iii the hnuds of the enemy. Having previously received orders from General Hooker to bring up ~ll the batteries of the corps which had not been engaged, I endeav- ored to get up Cashings, Arnolds, and Kirbys, with the intention of putting in every gun that could be worked; but as the head of th Page 310 310 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIIJ column arrived at the Chandler house, I met our troops falling back, the ground iu dispute having been yielded to the enemy. 1 do not think it could have been held by any number of guns I could have placed in the contracted ground near the Chancellor house. The enemys position was greatly superior, and our batteries were subjected to a direct enfilading and reverse fire. The Fifth Maine Battery was in posi- tion near the Chancellor house. I am not familiar with its history during the morning, except that it was exposed to a most destructive fire, badly cut np, and the five pieces finally brought off by hand by the infantry of Hancocks division. Lieutenant Kirby was placed in command of it about 9 a. m. by General Couch, and was dangerously wounded, as was the permanent commander of the battery and two of the subalterns. It is due to the brave and gallant Kirby that a per. manent record be made of his conduct. His thigh was fractured by a ball from a spherical case shot, yet when it was proposed to move him from the field he exclaimed, No! take off that gun first. 1 understand that some dissatisfaction has been expressed that th& batteries near the Chancellor house did not disregard the fire against them and turn their attention to the rebel infantry in the woods near by, but from whose fire they were suffering little or nothing. My own judgment is that the only thing that could have enabled us to hold the ground was to have silenced the enemys batteries. Their fire was so accurate and so heavy that a battery exposed to it and not replying to it, especially if the battery was required to nncover entirely aud expos& itself to a flank fire, would have been disabled (as was Leppiens battery) itt short order. The experiment wonld have cost us either guns or a~ great many men killed and wounded iu running them off by hand. I would mention the officers and men of Pettits battery and Lieu~ tenants ODonohue and Field and the men of Thomas battery for good conduct. The latter battery lost one caisson, the horses being disabled and no time to replace them, and the former had one caisson blown up. Kirbys battery (Lieutenant Woodruff) and Ames battery were in position near the Chandler house, nuder Captain Weed, Fifth U. S. Artillery, during the remainder of the day and until the troops were withdrawn. Ames was engaged, but suffered no loss. On Tuesday morning the three rifle batteries were placed in position to cover the removal of the bridges. The batteries reoccupied their old camps by Wednesday morning, May 7. Adams battery and ~ (under Lieutenant Brown) were both engaged at Fredericksburg on the 3d. The first named was under a very heavy fire and suffered severely, as wil be seen by the accompany- ing table. Great credit is due Captain Adams, Lieutenants Torslow, A en, Kelley (dead), and Chase, for the manner in which they discharged their dities.~ Lieutenants Allen and Torslow were slightly wounded, but did not leave the field. Lientenant Kelley lived but a few houra after being struck. Hazards battery was not so warmly engaged, and its loss was inconsiderable. Officers and men acquitted themselves well. Inclosed herewith are the reports of battery commanders and a tab- ulated statement of the losses of men* and material as far as ascertained~ Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, C. II. MORGAN, Lieutenant- Colonel, Insp. Gen. and Chief of Art., Second Corps. Capt. JOHN S.. SCHULTZE, Acting Assistant Adjutant General, Second Army Corps. * Embodied in revismi statement, pp. 1~6, 177 Page 311 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 311 No. 65. Report of Maj. Gen. Winfield S. flancock, U. S. Army, Commanding First Dirision. NEAR FALMOUTH, VA., ]Iiay 19, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following summary of the opera- tions of my division during the late engagements with the enemy: At 7 a. m. on April 27, the Second Brigade (Meaghers) marched to Banks and the United States Fords, the command at Banks Ford being under the directioii of Col. Patrick Kelly, Eighty-eighth New York, consisting of the Eighty-eighth and Sixty-third Regiments New York Volunteers, Brigadier General Meagh er, with the Sixty-ninth New York, Twenty-eighth Massachusetts, and One hundred and sixteenth Battal- ion Pennsylvania Volunteers being posted at the United States Ford. On April 28, the remainder of the division marched to Banks Ford. On April 29, the division moved from near Bank8 Ford, and en- camped that evening within 1 miles of the United States Ford, leaving one company, of 60 men, at Banks Ford. At 10.30 a. in., April 30, the command marched, arriving at General Couchs headquarters at 11 a. in., and from thence proceeded, at 4 p. in., the delay being caused in building the bridges, to the United States Ford. At 8 p. in. the entire division had crossed the pontoon bridges at that point. It immediately proceeded through the Wilderness, and encamped within half a mile of Chancellorsville at 10 p. in. The Fifth New Hampshire, Eighty-first Pennsylvania, and Eightyeighth New York Volunteers, nuder command of Col. E. E. Cross, Fifth New Hamp- shire Volunteers, were left to serve as a rear guard to the ammunition train of the corps until it had crossed the United States Ford. By di- rection of General Couch, four regiments of the Irish Brigade, under command of Col. It. Byrnes, Twenty-eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, were posted on a road leading from the main road toward Banks Ford. On May 1, at 1.30 l~- in., that portion of the division not heretofore mentioned as detached marched in the direction of Chancellorsville, and from thence proceeded, on the old turnpike road, toward Freder- icksburg, to the assistance of Major-General Sykes, who was then en- gaged with the enemy, about 1~ miles from Chancellorsville. flaying arrived on the ground, orders were received to withdraw all the troops. The division took post, in order to allow General Sykes command to be relieved. After that command had retired, I commenced withdrawing the div~ion. Some artillery shots were exchanged with the enemy, and during the ti~rme I remained, in that position the skirmishers on my right flank, under command of Colonel Miles, Sixty-first New York Vol- unteers, and Colonel Frank, Fifty-second New York Volunteers, be- came engaged, and lost some men. With this exception, the command was retired safely, it being threatened in flank and rear during its march by the same command of the enemy which had engaged the skirmishers. Just as the rear of the column had passed the left of General Sykes command, which was then massed on the side of the road from which the enemy was advancing, the enemy appeared and attacked General Sykes, but was immediately repulsed by a portion of his command. I immediately commenced forming my division on the right of General Sykes, in order to meet the enemy, when I received an order, in person, from General Hooker, to form on his left, on the other side of the road, with my right resting on the road, and facing towar Page 312 312 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXX VII. Fredericksburg. I formed the division in three lines of battle Colonel Brooke, commanding Fourth Brigade, occupying the right, Brigadier- General Caidwell, commanding First Brigade, on the left, their reserves forming the second line, and Brigadier-General Zooks brigade forming the third line. Colonel Cross, with the Fifth New Hampshire, Eighty- first Pennsylvania, and Eighty-eighth Nexv York Volunteers arriving shortly afterward, I placed them iu reserve, along the turnpike. The combat was not renewed, except by the fire of artillery down the turn- pike, from the position we had abandoned, and we bivouacked for the night. A rifle-pit w front. as dug along our entire line and an abatis felled in At 1.30 a. m. on May 2, General Sykes command was withdrawn. I was ordered to withdraw immediately afterward. I formed a new line, with my right resting on General Geary~s left, near the Plank road, diagonally to the front until it struck the old turnpike leading to Fred- ericksburg; thence toward the United States Ford to the front of and nearly parallel to the road leading to that point from the Chancellor house. All my troops present were disposed on this line in one line of battle. General French connected with me and extended the line on my left. A rifle-pit was dug along my line and an abatis made. Gen- eral Sykes troops the night previous had felled an abatis on their front connecting with the abatis and rifle-pits of my line first referred to. This abatis and rifle-pit I filled with skirmishers about 3 paces apart. They were supported by reserves. Skirmishers were also thrown in front of my main line of battle, connecting on the right and left with those of the advance line, the whole under the command of Colonel Miles, Sixty-first New York Volunteers. A section of artillery was placed on the turnpike, where my line of battle crossed it, and one piece in a woods road nearly parallel to it, and about 200 yards to the left. The troops were disposed and commanded as follows: On the right, under the immediate command of Colonel Cross, the Fifth New Hamp- shire, Eighty-first Pennsylvania, and Eighty-eighth New York Volun- teers; next, under the command of Brigadier-General Caidwell, the Sixty-sixth New York, One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania, and Sixty-first New York Volunteers; on his left Col. J. H. Brooke, commanding the Second Delaware, One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsyl- vania, Twenty-seventh Connecticut, Sixty-fourth New York, and Fifty- third Pennsylvania Volunteers; on the left of Colonel Brooke, Briga- dier-General Zook, commanding the One hundred and fortieth Penn- sylvania, Fifty-seventh and Fifty-second New York Volunteers. The Sixty-sixth New York, of General Zooks brigade, was placed under the command of Brigadier-General Caldwell, in order to flU a vacant space near the turnpike between the Eighty-eighth New York and One hun- dred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Brigadier-General Meagher, with the Sixty-ninth and Sixty-third New York, Twenty- eighth Massachusetts, and the battalion of the One hundred and six- teenth Pennsylvania Volunteers, did not return from detached service until the morning of May 3, and did not report to me until the action was nearly decidedabout 10.30 p. m. On May 2, the enemy frequently opened with artillery from the heights toward Fredericksburg and from those on my right, and with infantry assaulted my advanced line of rifle-pits, but was always handsomely re- pulsed by the troops on (luty there, consisting of the Fifty-seventh, Sixty-fourth, and Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers, and detachments from the Fifty-second ~4ew York, Second Delaware, and One hundre Page 313 -CHAP. XXXVII.J THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 313 and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. These troops were ably assisted on the right of the road by Colonel Blaisdells fine regiment (Eleventh Massachnsetts Vol ant eers), of General Berrys division. Toward evening, after the enemy had driven in the Eleventh Corps, the shot from the enemys artillery fell over my lines from both rear and front. During the sharp contest of that day, the enemy was never able to reach my principal line of battle, so stoutly and successfully did Colonel Miles contest the ground. The action in the rear continued nntil after midnight, the Twelfth Corps, on my immediate right, haviijg been heavily engaged during the day. On the morning of the 3d instant, the battle was renewed at 5.30 a. m. Previons to this time, expecting to meet the enemy on my main line of battle, I had not held a very heavy force on my first line, but now, knowing the danger and confusion that would arise from the musket-balls of the enemy crossing our line of communication at Chan. cellorsville from that direction, I strengthened the advanced position, believing, from the experience of the previons day and the well-known ability and gallantry of Colonel Miles, that it could be held. That line was frequently assaulted during the morning with great gallantry, the enemy marching their regiments up into the abatis. The Sixty.fourth New York Volunteers behaved with great distinction, repulsing regi- ment after regiment. The same may be said of th~ Sixty-first and ~3ixty-sixth New York Volnnteers, the detachments from the Fifty-third Pennsylvania, Second Delaware, One hundred and fortieth, One hun- dred and forty-fifth, and One hnndred and forty-uighth Pennsylvania, and the Twenty-seventh Connecticut Volunteers. Later in the morning I was directed by Major-General Couch t~ face to the rear with the men on the second line, excepting Colonel Cross eommand, and marek to the road running between Chancellors house and the United States Ford, and to be ready to advance against the enemy, who were then threatening that line of communication Irom my rear. Having arrived at that point, General Hooker drected me to leave one brigade there, subject to his orders (I left Brigadier-General Cald- wells command, consisting ot the Sixty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty- seventh New York Volunteers, and four companies of the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, numbering between 500 and fiOO men), and to return to my first line of battle, commanding the old turnpike road, with the remainder of my troops. I obeyed the order, closing the regiments to the right to connect again with Colonel Cross, on the turnpike leading toward Fredericksburg. The enemy threaten. ing General Gearys right, I was directed to face Colon4 Cross com- mand about, establishing a line of battle to protect that point. Shortly afterward Colonel Cross was ordered back, by General Conch, to occupy his original line. General Sickles command had now retired from the position west of Chancellorsville, and, seeing the enemy advancing in line of battle iu the open plain toward the Chancellor house, I immediately faced my line about, and took position on the Plank road, in line with Colonel Cross command, his right resting on the turnpike and the other por- tion of his command on the same prolongation on his right, supporting Pettits battery, a half battery of Thomas on its left, in Colonel Cross front, and Leppiens battery, on the right of Chancellors house. The enemy, who had threatened to advance, was soon dispersed by the fire of the artillery. He, however, immediately planted several bat- teries in the open plain, about 900 yards to my front, and, with the bat Page 314 314 N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXVIL teries on the Fredericksburg road, immediately in my rear, and thos& near the Plank road to my left, opened a tremendous fire np~n my line. An infantry assault was made at the same time on General Geary~~ command, of the Twelfth Corps, on my left; success alternating from one side to the other, my artillery assisting our forces, until finally that command was forced to quit its ground and retire from the field. Jt& resistance was stern, but unsuccessful. I was now fighting in opposite directions, one line faced toward Fredericksburg, the other toward Gordonsville, these two lines being about half a mile apart. Projectiles from the enemys artillery, frota the front and rear, passed over both lines, while other pieces, in dill positions, enfiladed both. Notwithstanding that my flank, which had been covered by General Geary, was entirely exposed, our fourteen pieces of artillery prevented him from advancing, although his battle- flags were within a few hundred yar(Is of us. The troops, however, suffered very heavy ldsses from the enemys artillery. The ijhancellor house, which was being used as a hospital, was fired by shells. With a detail from the Second Delaware, of Brookes command, under direc- tion of Lieut. W. P. Wilson, of my staff; the wounded were removed from within and around the building. Leppiens battery, of five guns, then under command of First Lient.. Edmund Kirby, First Artillery, on the right of the Chancellor house, having lost all its officers, cannoneers, and horses for the guns, I made a detail of men, who removed the pieces by hand to a place of safety. The information announcing the condition of the battery was brought to me by Corp. J. II. Lebroke, of that battery, from Lieutenant Kirby (then wounded), who requested that the battery might be removed. The detail made for the purpose, who faithfully performed their duty, was from the Fifty-third, One hundred and fortieth, and One hundred and sixteenth Pennsylvania (Battalion) Volunteers. I next received an order that, after General Sickles troops had re- tired, I would also be ordered to follow him to a new position. Subsequently, at 10 a. in., I received the order to withdraw my forces. I first sent orders to the batteries to retire. After that had been ac- complished, I marched my command in good order and without molesta- tation, save by artillery, to a point about half a mile to the rear, toward the United States Ford, where a new line was established, my division occupying the left salient, toward Chancellors house. This movement was completed about 11 a. m. At the same time that I received orders to withdraw from Chancellors house, I sent directions to my line to- ward Fredericksburg to retire in a direction which would enable them to join me. A portion of this command, deflecting too far to their left, was intercepted by a column of the enemy and captured. Rifle-pits were immediately thrown up on our new front, abatis felled, and the position made as strong as practicable. I have no doubt that we could have successfully resisted any assault. During our stay here we suffered some from artillery, and also lost a few men by the enemys sharpshooters. In retiring from our line at Chancellors house, I found that Brigadier- General Meaghers command had been posted in the woods on the right of Leppiens battery, supporting it. That command I also withdrew. I found that Brigadier-General CaIdwells command, which had been posted on the right of General Meaghers position, had proceeded through the woods, driving the enemy out, and had been subsequently withdrawn. It joined me immediately, and, with General Meaghers command, occupied the front line of battle in our new position. I a Page 315 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 31& not able to speak of the service of Caidwells command more particu- larly nor of General Meaghers while they were engaged with the enemy, as they were detached, and nnder the immediate orders of General Hooker. The reports of these commanders will be found inclosed, as well as those of Brig. Gen. S. K. Zook, * commanding Third Brigade; Col. J.. H. Brooke, commanding Fourth Brigade; Col. N. A. Miles, command- ing the advanced line of skirmishers; Col. E. E. Cross,* Fifth New Hampshire Volunteers, commanding the right of my line; Capt. H. D. Pettit, Battery B, First New York Artillery, commanding artillery, and the reports of subordinate commanders. We awaited the attack of the enemy in our new position until 3.30 a. m. on the morning of the 6th instant, when the movement to the rear toward the United States Ford commenced by a road which had been cut through the Wilderness for that purpose. We crossed the pontoon bridges at the United States Ford, and marched to our original camp, near Falmouth, where we arri~ ed at 2 p. m. The commanders of brigadesBrig. Gens. T. F. Meagher, Caldwe]l, and Zookperformed their duties faithfully and well. Col. J. H. Brooke, commanding Fourth Brigade, was of great a%sistance to me by his promptness and efficiency. Col. N. A. Miles, Sixty-first New York Volunteers, had great opportunity for distinction, and availed himself thereof, performing brilliant services. Col. E. E. Cross, Fifth New Hampshire Volunteers, ~ierformed distinguished services. The artillery was generally detached from my command. However, Pettits battery (B, First New York Artillery) and one-half of Thomas (C, Fourth U. S. Artillery), under the command of First Lient. William ODonohne, until he was mortally wounded, and subsequently under command of Second Lieut. Edward Field, performed excellent service while under my command. The following of my staff officers were active in carrying orders on the field, and performed their duties faithfully and well, behaving with great gallantry: Maj. John Hancock, assistant adjutant-general; Maj. G. W. Scott, Sixty-first New York Volunteers, acting assistant inspec- tor-general; Capt. H. H. Biugham, One hundred and fortieth Penn~ sylvania Volunteers, judge-advocate of the (liVision; First Lieuts. W. G. Mitchell, J. B. Parker, and W. D. H. Miller, aides-de-camp; First Lient. James M. Rorty, ordnance officer, and First Licut. W. P. Wilson, One hundred and forty.eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, commissary of musters. Lieutenant Mitchell, in carrying a message to General Gearys troopa at a critical period of the battle, with a view of saving time, rode in front of a battery of nine guns, a few yards from the muzzles, running the gauntlet of the fire in order to save a considerable detour; and Lieu- tenant Parker personally and alone took prisoners 2 of the enemy in front of our picket-line, and brought them in with him. Capt. C. H. Hoyt, chief assistant quartermaster; Capt. A. C. Voris, commissary of subsistence, and Maj. H. C. Stiles, surgeon in chief of the division, were actively employed in the operations of their respective departments. First Lient. George C. Anderson, Fifty-third Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, in charge of the division ambulance corps, together with his assistants, performed their duty faithfully. The ambulances and stretchercarriers were employed on the field under fire, and the duties Not found Page 316 316 N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXYII. of the department were executed as I have not seen them done be- fore during the war. Several of the stretcher-carriers were killed or wounded, and a few made prisoners by the enemy. The following of my orderlies were much exposed, and deserve men- tion for their good conduct during the action: Sergt. Owen McKenzie, Corpi. Thomas Watson, Privates James ~ Alvin St earns (wounded), John Gollinger, and Donald ORourke (horse killed), all of Company K, Sixth New York Cavalry, and Privates Andrew Bondrean and Henry McEnro, of Co inpany D, Sixth New York Cavalry. On the 15th instant, I transmitted to your headquarters a nominal and tabular statement of the losses of the division, amounting in the aggregate to 1,122. I transmit also a sketch * of the positions occupied by the division in the neighborhood of the Chancellor house. 1 am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WJNFD S. HANCOCK, Major- General, Commanding Division. - Captain POTTER, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. e ADDENDA. RecapitulaIioll of 1058e8. t Commissioned ~n1isted men. Aggregate. officers. Command. Q ~ . 9 P a a ~ p a 0 ~ ~Z ~E-~ ~ 0 0 Battery C, 4th U.S. Artillery 1 .. I I 2 12 14 Battery B, 1st NewYork Artillery 1 . - 1 11 11 First Brigade .:: ~ 20 1 23 34 176 45 255 - Second Brigade . 10 7 ~4 31 92 Third Brigade 1 5 2 11 12 89 76 177 .. Fourth Brigade 1 9 27 37 17 54 419 490 - Total 5 48 30 83 72 396 571 1,039 77 444 601 1,122 No. 66. Report of Capt. Henry III. Binyharn, Judge-Advocate. HEADQUARTERS HANCOCKS DIvisIoN, May 20, 1863. MAJOR: I have the honor to report, in accordance with the generals wish, the following orders in reference to the picket fiont as having been delivered by inc during the engagement at Chance1lors~ille on May 1,2, and 3: On Friday afternoon, May 1, I communicated to Colonel Miles that he was to take command of all the picket line of the division. I also in- formed General Zook, commanding Third Brigade, that the command of the picket line had been given to Colonel Miles. My instructions were to report to General Zook that the command of all the picket front of the division was to be given to Colonel Miles, but having great difficulty Not fonud. But see revised statement, p 176 Page 317 CHAP. XXXYII.I THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN. 31T in finding General Zook, I feared the order would arrive too late, an4 communicated it to Colonel Miles, and then informed General Zook that I had so communicated it. On Saturday night, May 2, by request of Colonel Brooke, I reported to the general that the Sixty-fourth Regiment New York Volunteers had. fallen back from the picket line, and was coming in over the breastworks commanded by Colonel Brooke, commanding Fourth Brigade, and he wished to know if it was falling back in accordance with orders. The general ordered that the Sixtyfourtli should immediately be sent t& their posts on the picket line. Upon returning, I found them almost at the picket front, going at a double-quick. On Sunday morning, May 3, I delivered, in accordance with the gen- erals orders; 4,500 rounds of ammunition on the picket line. This wa~ turned over by me to a lieutenant, who had been detailed to receive and. distribute it. On Sunday, about noon, I was ordered to the picket line to notify the commanding officer that we had relinquished our position at the Chan- cellor house, and that the picket should fall back steadily and keep on the line with our division breastworks. When I arrived on the line, I found it falling back in good order. No one could inform me of the whereabouts of Colonel Morris, but stated that the order had been given to fall back, and that the whole line was in retreat. I informed several officers who had command of portions of the picket falling back to follow the line of our breastworks. I saw no pickets to my right,. and concluded, in accordance with the information, that the whole line was safely retreating. I also communicated at varions times with the picket lines to ascer- tain the cause of certain firings. I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. H. BLNG-HAM, Capt. and Judge-Advocate, First Div., & cond Army Corps. Maj. JOHN HANCOCK, 1. Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 67. Report of Lieut. William D. W. Miller, & xty-8ixth New York Infantry, Aide-de- Camp. HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, SECOND ARMY CORPS, May 20, 1863. MAJOR: In obedience to th~ orders of the major-general command- ing the division, I have the honor to make the following report of th~ order8 from him, communicated through me to the commander of the l)icket line of the divisiomi during the action of the 2d and 3d instant: About 9 p. m. of the 2d instant, Ii was ordered to take the Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers to the picket line and report it to Colonel Miles. This I did without delay. About 9.30 a. m. of the 3d instant, in obedience to orders, 1 instructed Colonel Morris, of the Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers , commanding the l)icket line (Colonel Miles having been wounded), to have his com- mand well in hand, and to be ready to carry out without delay any further orders he might receive Page 318 318 N. yA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CHAP. XXXVII.] Shortly after delivering the above, I carried the following order or, word to the same effect: We will soon withdraw our lines. You will have your command ready to follow the movement without delay, and without further instructions, when you see our line falling back. In doing so, use the utmost care not to anticipate our movement and the greatest judgment and coolness in withdrawing your line. Do not let it be done hurriedly or with confusion. I further indicated the direction in which he should retire his line, and also suggested to Colonel Morris that Lieutenant-Colonel Ham. mell should take his position on a rise of ground near by, from which he could carefully observe the movement and report the same without delay. I am, sir, most respectfully, your obedient servant, WT. D. W MILLER, Maj. JOHN HANCOCK, Lieutenant and Aide-de-Gamp. Assistant Adjutant. General, 8eeo ad Division. No. 68. Report of Brig. Gen. John C. Caidweil, U. S. Army, commanding First Lrigade. HEADQUARTERs CALDWELLS BRIGADE, illay 12, 1863. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my brigade in the movements commencipg April 28 and ter- minating May 6: In company with the rest of the division, we broke camp on the morn- ing of Tuesday, April 28, and marched to within a short distance of Banks Ford, where we bivouacked for the night, with pickets covering our right and front. Here the Fifth New Hampshire and Eighty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers were (letailed to guard the houses in the vicinity and picket the roati betweeu our camp and the United States Ford, and did not rejoin the brigade until the morning of the [2d of May]. On April 29, we marched forward to within 2 miles of the ford and bivouacked. We resumed the march on the morning of the 30th, and irossed the Bappahaunock on pontoons, and bivouacked in the edge of the woods, near a white house a bout 5 miles from the ford. The next morning we marched to Chancellorsville, and out on the road toward Fredericksburg, a distance of over a mile from Chancellorsville. I here formed the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volun- teers in line of battle on the right of the road, and deployed the Sixty- first New York Volunteers some 200 yards in front as skirmishers. General Sykes pickets were then in our front, retiring, skirmishing. On our right a brigade of the Twelfth Corps was retreating at double- quick, as Colonel Miles reports, without a rear guard. After remaining in our position for more than an hour, in obedience to orders from Gemi- oral ilancock, I fell back along the road. The enemy followed up very rapidly, and the troops of General Sykes soon became engaged. I formed my brigade in line of battle in the open field near Chancellors- ville, the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers on the right and the Sixty-first New York Volunteers on the left. M Page 319 CHAP. XXXVII.] THE CHANCELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 319 troops lay down and the artillery fired over them. One man of the One hundred and forty-eighth was here killed by a shell and a few wounded. After the enemy was repulsed my line was again changed, and I formed a line of battle on the left of the road, and on the left of Colonel Brooke. It was now nearly dark, and we worked ~Al the evening cat- ting an abatis. About dark the enemy shelled our line, but withont doing any harm. About 3 oclock on the morning of the 2d, I received from General Hancock the order to fall back to a line that had been l)reviously des- ignated, near Chancellorsville. Here I found the rest of my brigade established in line, and with them the Eighty-eighth New York Volun teers. We immediately set to work diggin~ intrencliments and con structing an abatis, and before noon had a line of great strength; the Fifth New Hampshire Volunteers on the extreme right; next caine the Eighty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers; then the Eighty-eighth New York Volunteers; then the Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers, which was afterward relieved; then the One hundred and forty-eighth Penn- sylvania and Sixty-first New York Volunteers, on the extreme left. Colonel Cross was placed in immediate command of the three regiments on the right, and I refer you to his report for a rn~re circumstantial account of the part taken by thbse regiments. Colonel Miles, of the Sixty-first New York Volunteers, was placed by General Hancock in command of the picket line of the division, which consisted of six com- panies of the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, the Fifty-seventh New York, two companies of the Fifty-second New York Volunteers, and four companies of the Second Delaware, sup- ported by the Eleventh Massachusetts Volunteers, Colonel Blaisdehl, from General ~ command. With this force Colonel Miles skirmished all (lay long with the en- emy, and at 3 p m. repulsed, with signal loss, a determined attack ot the enemy, made in two columns on each side of the road. I do not doubt that this repulse of the enemy, which kept them from our maiu lines, was due principally to the skill and gallantry of Colonel Miles, who, with a single line of skirmishers, deployed at 3 paces, repelled a determined attack of the enemy made in column, a feat rarely paral- leled. We lay in our intrenchments, under a heavy artillery fire, on the morning of the 2d and the morning of the 3d, the men behaving with the greatest coolness. Between 9 and it) oclock on the morning of the 3d, I was ordered by a member of General Hancocks staff to report with my brigade to Gen- end Hooker. By direction of General Hancock I took four companies of the One hundred and forty eighth Penimsylvania Volunteers, the other six being on picket; the Sixty first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-sevenLh New York Volunteers, in all bet weeii 500 and 600 men, and marched by the right flank down the road toward the United States Ford, a distance of about three-quarters of a mile, and halted, facing the woods, on the right of the road. I deployed a company from the road to intrenchments on the left, to arrest the crowd of fugitives and strag- glers who were going down the road in great dIsorder. About twenty minutes afterward I was ordered by General Hooker in person to conduct my brigade into the open field and through the woods from a point designated. The four companies of the One hundred and forty. eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, under Colonel Beaver, were o~ tho right; next to them the Sixty-first New York, commanded by Lienten- ant-Colojiel Broady. The Fifty-seventh New York Volunteers was o Page 320 320 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXVII.. the left, with the Fifty-second New York Volunteers on their right.. These two regiments were consolidated, under the command of Col. Paul Frank, of the Fifty-second New York Volunteers. We advanced~ in this order through the woods, under a fire of grape and canister, passing several of Berdan~s sharpshooters, who had been skirmishing through the woods, until we encountered the rebels, in rifle-pits on our right, who opened on us a very severe fire, which killed and wounded many of the officers and men of the One hundred and forty-eighth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, among others Colonel Beaver, of this regiment. The severity of the fire and the fall of their colonel produced a mo- mentary confusion in the One hundred and forty-eighth, but they rallied almost instantly, and poured a steady and most destructive fire into the enemy, who, after a few minutes, broke and fell back. I then gave the command to cease firing, and charged the retreating enemy. The rebels rallied about 300 yards farther on, when we opened fire upon theiu again, which drove them back. I then advanced to the edge of the woods, where I saw a battery coming into position, and, in a ravine in front of the battery, a line of at least 1,500 of the enemy moving at double-quick around our left flank. My aide, Lieutenant Cross, had previously rel)orted to General Meade for re-enforcements, as we had no support whatever, and our left was entirely unprotected. General Meade said that his orders were peremptory to send no troops into the woods, and that if the force of the enemy was too strong for us we must fall back. The enemy, in numbers far superior to mine, was rapidly moving around our left flank. The fire on our right of Gen- eral French was receding, and was now some distance in the rear, when, finding it impossible to advance or hold our position without re-enforce- ments, I reluctantly gave the order to fall back, which I did in good order, facing about in line every 100 yards. I formed my line at the edge of the woods where I had gone in, and, finding some boxes of ammunition of the right caliber at that place, I ordered my men to fill their boxes, which was done. I then reported to General Couch, in person, who ordered me to take my men to the cornei of the woods where I had first bivouacked after crossing the river. Here 1 formed a line, with my right connecting with the Third Corps, and my left with the Irish Brigade. We threw up strong intrenchments, and remained in this position, exposed at inter- vals to a heavy fire of artillery, until the morning of the 6th, when, with the rest of the corps, we recrossed the river, and came back to our old camp in good order, there being but one straggler reported in the brigade. Of the conduct of officers and men during the entire movement, I cannot speak in terms of too high praise. I confess I was somewhat anxious for the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers~ it being a new regiment, and never having been exposed to fire. It be- haved, however, throughout with the greatest coolness, vying with the old troops in steadiness. Colonel Miles speaks in high tei-ms of the six companies that were on picket, and the other four companies fought with the greatest gallantry under my own eye. I have seldom seen a more steady or better-directed fire than theirs was in the woods on Sun- day. The Sixty-first New York Volunteers maintained its well-earned reputation for steadiness, bravery, and all good soldierly qualities. I greatly regret to report that Colonel Miles was severely, if not mor- tally, wounded on Sunday morning, while handling the picket line with masterly ability. I have had occasion heretofore to mention the di Page 321 Ow. ~VILJ THE CHANCELLOHSVILLE OAMPAIGN. 821 tinguishedeonduot of Colonel Miles in everybattle In which the brigade has beenengaged.. His merits asa military man seem to me of the very highest order. 1 know of no terms of praise too exaggerated to characterize his masterly ability, If ever a soldier earned promotion, Colonel Miles has done so. Providence should spare his lift., and I ear- nestly recommend that he be promoted and Intrusted with a command commensurate with his abilities. Colonel McKeen, of the Eighty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, was wounded by a fragment of a shell while supporting a battery near Chan- cellors house. He has always behaved with the greatest gallantry, and on this occasion added to his high reputation for bravery and skilL Though severely wounded, he remained with his regiment, and would not go to the rearantli peremptorily ordered to do so. Colonel Cross was separated from me for a large portion of the time, but when present behaved with his usual bravery. lieutenant-Colonel Hapgood, commanding the Fifth New Hampshire Volnteers, while under my eye behaved with coolness and decision, which gave abundant promise of future distinction. lieutenant-Colonel Broady, commanding the Sixty-first New York Volunteers, behaved on every occasion with. the utmost bravery, and in theactioninthewoodsonthe3dkepthismentotheirworkinaman- ner to merit the highest commendation. Colonel Beaver, of the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, deserves the highest praise for the discipline an.d efficiency which he has secured in his regiment To him belongs almost exclu- sively the praise that his men, in their first battle, did their work so handsomely. He was, unfortunately, wounded severely at the first fire, and was borne from the field before he could see the heroism of his men. The command, however, devolved, on worthy shoulders. Mpjor Fairlamb rallied and fought the regiment in the noblest manner. Greater coolness and bravery could not be displayed by any man than was shown by him. It inspirited the men, and in a measure compen- sated for the loss of their beloved colonel. To lieutenant [Daniel K.] Cross, of upy staff; something more than a word of passing praise is due. He was indefatigable, and seconded me in the noblest manner. It was he that reported to General Hancock that the picket line was flanked; that brought to the notice of Generel Booker the disgraceful flight on the left of the road, which the com- manding general at once caused to be checked by cavalry. He also reported to General Meade for re-enforcements, and brought back his order. Whatever praise should be awarded to a gallant, intelligent, and Indefatigable staff officer is due to him. At Antietam and Fred- ericksburg he distinguished himself and has richly, earned promotion. The other members of my staff behaved to my entire satisfaction. Captain [George H.] Caldwell was early wounded and taken to the rear. lieutenant [Corydon A.] Alvord behaved with his accustomed bravery, bnd his gallant bearing was highly encouraging to the men. lieutenant [John H.] Boot was present in the hottest of the fight, and rendered efficient service. I cannot pass over in silence the services of my orderly, Corpl. Urish N. Parmelee, Company D;Sixth New York Cavalry. In the fight of the 3d, when the One hundred and forty-eighth was staggered by the first volley of the rebels, he rendered most efficient service in rallying them :and urging thent on. I think him worthy of promotion, or his gallantry and other high qualities. The Fifty-second and Fifty-seyept4 ff~w York VOlunteers, from Gen- SluhvoLnv,rT Page 322 822 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ORAP. XXXVIL eralBooks brigae, behaved admirably, both before and afterthe wound- ing of their commander, Colonel Frank. Irespeotfully refer to the reports of regimental commanders for men- Mon. of officers of the ilne who distinguished themselves. A nominal list and tabular statement of the killed, wounded, and miasing.has already been forwardedP I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN C. CALDWELL, Brigadier-6TeneraI, Commanding Brigades Msij. Jon HANCOCK, Metetet A4jntat-6$eneraL No. 69. Report of GeL Nelson A. Miles, SLtttArst Hew York infantry. LACY Housu HOsPITAL, ffahnoutk, ft., May 5,1863. Sri: 1 have the honor to submit the following report: On Friday, the 1st instant, as the Second Army Corps was advaneing from Chancelloreville toward Fredericksburg, my regiment being in advance, I was ordered to move forward and deploy as skirmishers on the right of the road. After advancing through the woods some 500 yaaids I came to an open field, where I 7oond the enemy, auid also a brigade belonging to the Twelfth Army Corps, which was retreating double.quick, without rear guard or flankers. Here I was ordered to halt, and I remained in this position about. half an hour, when I was informed by Lieutenant Alvord, of General CaldwellQ staff; that the division was falling back, and ordered. me to protect the rear. The enemy was then advancing in column, with a very strong skirmish line, which was different from any I had ever seen2 being much stronger and in four ranks. Part filed to the front, keeping up a continued fire. We were also exposed to the fire of their artillery but without much loss. I fell back until .1 passed the troops of the Third borps, when I reformed the line, and was soon ordered forward with the rest of the brigade, and took up a new position on the left of the road, my right connecting with the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania and my left with that of the Twenty-second Massachusetts Volunteers, General Barnes division. I was then ordered by Lieutenant Mitchell, of General Hancocks staff; to take charge of the line of skirmishers in front of the entire division. During the fore part of the night I received instructions from General. Hancock that the division was to withdraw to another line some distance to the rear2 and ordered me to establish my line on the most favorable ground in its front. At Ba. m. of the 2d, I withdrew the picket line to the rear of an abatl7 which had been formed during the night by some regiments of the divis- ion. Here I remained during the day. The force on this line consisted of the Fifty-seventh New York Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel [A. B. Chapman]. two companies of the Fifty-second New York, four com- panies of the Second Delaware, and six companies of the One hndred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania, together with the Eleventh Maisachu- setta Volunteers, Colonel Blatadell, which was ordered there by General Can for the purpose of feeling the enemy with their sharpshooters. ?~mbcdied in revtae4 statement, p. 176. Page 323 Ow. xxxvn.j T OH& NCflLOESYILIz CAMPAIGN. 828 We were constantly engaged skirmishing with the enemy during the day, and at about 3p. m. the enemy commenced massing his troops in two columns, one on each side of the road, flanked by a line of battle about 800 yards in front, in the woods. Their orders could be distinctly heard. T4ey soon advanced with a tremendous yell, and were met with a sure and deadly lire of one simple line. A very sharp engagement continued about an hour, when the enemy fell back in disorder. Thefr charge was impetuous and determined, advancing to within 20 yards of my abatis, but were hifrled back with fearful loss, and made ito further demonstrations During the night, the Fifty.sQ,venth New York Volunteers was re. lieved by the Sixty-sixth Kew York, the companies of the L~ifty.second New York and Second Delaware Volunteers by the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers, who worked nearly all night, strengthening the abatis and digging a rifle-pit. About 9 a. m. of the 3d instant, I received a detachment of 250 men, nuder command of Lieutenant-Colonel McOreary, of the One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylvania, as a support. Soon after, my line was vig- orously attacked by the enemy on the left, and engaged the entire line.. This continued for about half an hour, when I deployed about one-third of my reserve on the left, and was about to order up the remainder when I received a severe wound in the abdomen, and was obliged to leave the field. I sent word to Colonel Morris Sixty-six~ New York Volunteers, that the command devolved upon him. I have the honor to remain, your obedient servant, NELSON A. MILES, Colonel Sixty-first Hew York VoMateers. Capt. GEORGE K OALDnLL, Assistant A4jwtent-GeneraL No. 70. Report @f Lint. CoL K Oscar Broadg, Sixty-first New York Infantry. Cnn nn FALxouTH,Vt, Slag 7, 1803. Sn: I have the honor of transmitting to you the following report: During the night of the 27th ultimo, the Sixty-first Regiment, under the command of Col. N. A. Miles, was relieved by the Forty-second Regiment New York Volunteers from its detached service at Camp Mars, where it had been supporting a Connecticut battery, and after a march of about 1 mIles reported at the headquarters of the brigade, at. about U dclock on the morning of the 28th. A little later on the same day the regiment joined the rest of the brigade, and marched until it reached a place near Banks Ford, about 2p. in., when it was ordered by the general commanding the brigade to halt and rest. At daybreak of the 29th, the regiment was ordered out by General Caldwell on fatigue duty, laying corduroy roads about 2 miles In front, where our troops were encamping. It returned from this duty about 1 p. in., and two hours later marched, with the rest of the brigade, to a place near the United States Ford, where it halted about 7p. in., and encamped over night At 11 a. m. of the 30th, the regiment resumed its march, and crossed the Bappahanock, at the Unite4 States Ford, about Op. in., and con Page 324 824 N.YA.,W.YA.,MD.,ANDPA. [Ow. XflYIL tinned maro~ilng until it arrived near Chancellorsville, about lOp. in., where the brigade was ordered to halt and bivouac over night Here I would respectfully refer you to the report transmitted by CoL N. A. Miles as to the part this regiment took on the day of the 1st instant, until 11 p. in. the same day, when I was ordered to take command of the reglipent, 001. N. A. Miles being detailed as general officer of the. day, and in command of the line of skirmishers in front of the division. The regiment was then drawn up in line of battle in a wood, with the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers on its right and the Twenty-second Massachusetts Volunteers on its left. While here, it had been exposed in the fore part of the evening to a short but sharp artillery fire of the enemy. A little before daylight on the 2d, I received orders from General Caldwell to march my regiment out silently, by the left flank, from the position it had occupied in the woods during the night I was followed by the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. After clearing the woods, we marched down the road and to the rear & bout 200 yards, and a new position was given us by Lient. D. L Cross, aide- de.camp to Generil Osidweil, in the woods to the left, and nearly paral- lelto the onewe had previously occupied. Here we threw up a strong breastwork all along our front, of bushes, timber, and earth. In the afternoon the pickets in our front were suddenly and vigorously a~t. tacked by a heavy column of the enemys Infantry but It was soon re- pulsed by the skill and tact of CoL N. A. Miles, who was In command of said pickets. In the afternoon, while an engagement was going on at our right, we were also exposed to a cross-fire from the enemys artillery, but without any damage to our numbers. About 6p. m. I was requested by Colonel Miles to throw out a line of pickets from my regiment long enough to cover its entire fron and to have it connect right and left with the rest of the he. I sent two companies out, under the command of Capt. P. C. Bain. The whole de- tachment consisted of 8 commissioned officers and 43 enlisted men. This force remained out until noon of the following day, when most of it rejoined the regiment, after the latter had fallen back. No order or warning having been given to these pickets to withdraw when the rest of the troops were falling back, and their connection with the right of the picket line being suddenly lost, they did not move until they found that the enemy was in their rear and had occupied the breast- works behind which the regiment had previously been lying. In work- ing their way out of the woods, 18 enlisted men and 1 commissIoned officerSecond Lient. D. 3. Buckleywere lost, and probably taken prisoners, and.2 enlisted men wounded. From all accounts I have n- ceived, First Lient. W. H. Gordon has merited much credit as being the principal one in saving this force, together with six companips of the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, which had also been out on picket, by adroitly conducting them out and off from the enemy, who were in their rear, until the whole safely reached their respective regiments. Of these pickets, 2 were wounded by the en- emys artillery. On the morning of the 3d, from sunrise to about 10 a. in., the regi- ment, while lying in the intrenchments, was exposed to a heavy and continuous cross-fire from the enemys, artillery, but without any dam- - age to ourselves. At about 10 a. m. I received orders from Genetal - Caidwell to follow the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, and marched off by the right flank, at a right-shoulder shift and doublequick, until the brigade halted on the left of the main rea Page 325 GNat flIVILJ THE CHANOELLOESYILLE CAMPAIGN. 825 that leads from Chancellorsyille to the white house, toward the United States For& . The brigade formed in line of battle, facing the woods to the left, the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania on our right and the Fifty-second New York on our left. A few minutes later and the line advanced into the woods until we came to the opening beyond, where we saw a heavy column of the enemy marching by the right flank and toward our left at a quick step; one of their batteries planted right before our center, where was also moving a squadron of their cavalry, and another heavy column marching by the left flank toward our right Seeing the enemy was trying to outflank us on the left, General Caldwell ordered the line to fall back about 12 yards, moving it the same time a little farther to the right. Soon the enemy opened a sudden and severe fire upon our line, which was vigorously responded to. My command behaved welL The enemy was soon repulsed. After about two hours fighting, we were ordered to march off by the right flank until we reached the opening where our batteries were planted. There we formed into line, faced to the rear, and halted, facing the woods out of which we had just. entered. Shortly afterward we marched, with the rest of the brigade, by the right flank, across the opening to the woods on the left of the white house, where we were ordered to halt and throw up breastworks. We lay inside of these breastworks, occasionally shelled by the enemy, though without any damage to us, until the night between the 5th and 6th, then we received orders to fall back; crossed the Bappahannock, with therestof the Second Corps, at the United States Ford, and arrived at the old camp of the brigade on the afternoon of May 6. During the engagement on the 3d, our loss was 2 killed and 3 wounded.; all enlisted men. I would especially recommend, for their excellent conduct and good soldierly qualities Capts Willard Keech and T. G. Morrison. Lient. F. W. Grannis, adjutant, deserves much praise for the energy, bravery, and usefulness he everywhere and on all occasions manifested. The rank and tile of my command has maintained faithfully its well- earned and well-known reputation, always doing and always ready to doitsdutytothelast. We all, officers and men, feel the loss and deplore deeply the sad fate of our beloved and highly esteemed colonel, N. A. Miles, who was severely wounded on the morning of the 3d, but our hopes and prayers that he soon may be restored to us again and to usefulness inthe service of his country. Very rwpectfully, your obedient servant, K. 0. BROADY, Liewteaant-Oolo.wi, Oomesauudisg. Capt. GEORGE H. CALDwaL, (Jaldwell7s Brigade. Auistau.t A4juta.stGeswal, No. 71. Eqort of Li4. William H. (i~ordos, Bkcty-flret limo York lnfastrij. LmuwrnIT; I have na FaxouTH, Vi., SLay 7,1863. the honor of submitting the following report: On the afternoon of the 2d instant, the Fifth and Sixth companies of the Sixty-first New York Volunteers were ordered out on picket In fron Page 326 826 N.YA.,W.yA.,MD.,nrnrt [Can. ZttVzt of the abatis occupied. by the First Brigade, First Division, Second Corps; near Chancellorsyilie, under command of Captain Bain. On arriving on the ground, I was ordered to take command of the detach- ment, with directions to connect on the right with the pickets of the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Regiment, and on the left with the pickets of the One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylvania Regiment. During the night, the enemy kept up a constant tire of artillery and musketry on our lines, with but little effect. We picked up a great number of stragglers, mostly from the Eleventh Corps, who attempted to cross our lines. At daylight the pickets of the One hundred and forty-fifth disap- peared, for what reason I do not know. The regiments in the rifle- pits on the right gave way and passed by us in disorder. About 11.30 oclock the Sixty-sixth New York broke and fled in dismay. At this time I went to the left of my detachment, and on returning foun4 that Lieutenant Williams had taken about 15 men and gone to the extreme right of the One hundred and forty-eighth kegiment. After consider- able effort, I succeeded in finding them, and again posted them in their original positions. Said Lieutenant Williams was unable to say by what authority he abandoned his post. At this time the detachments of the Sixty-first New York and the One hundred and forty-eighth Penn- sylvania Regiments were all that remained of the entire picket line. Discoveiiing that our troops had abandoned the file-pits to our rear, and that they were occupied by the rebels~ we concluded that it was about time to withdraw. I then ordered Lieutenants Hallenbeck and Owens to draw in the left of the line, which was done promptly.. By this time the rebels were close enough to challenge theni, and, on re- fusing to halt, sent a volley after them, without injury. We formed our detachments on the road, the One hundred and forty-eighth Joining on our left. I then marched them off; by the right flank, through the woods. After making a circuit of about 2* miles, we came into the field which divided the woods occupied by the rebels and those occupied by our own troops. I here met Lieutenant [D. K.] Cross, who directed me to the regiment. I would remark that Lieutenants Hallenbeck and Owens and Orderly Sergeant [John] Kelly were of great assistance to me, and behaved bravely, and hadit not been for them I could not have kept my position as long as I did. I lost nearly half of the men with me. I remain, yours, very respectfully, First Lint. W. H. GORDON, Siat~y-flrst New York Yols. Iaieut.. F. W. Gnnis, Adjutant, Siaty-firet Yew York Volunteers. No. 72. Report of Brig. On. Thomas I~ancie .Meaglaer, U. S. Army, command ing Second Brigade. Ban FonD, flAB Fnxoun~, Vi., April 28, 1863120 p. m. MAson: I have the honor to inform the ma~jor-genera1 commanding the division that, In accordance with instructions received from him, Page 327 Oan. lXKVflJ THE OHANOELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 32? proceeded to this ford on yesterday forenoon, to relieve Colonel Kelly and take cOmmand of the brigade. On arriving at the ford (where I found the Sixty.third encamped) I learned that Colonel Kelly had, an hour previous, proceeded to the United States Ford, at which place, I was advised by the m~or-rn~, two regiments of the brigade were to be stationed. Accordingly, I set out at once to the United States Ford, taking the corduroy road leading up from Banks Ford to the Warrenton pike, being ignorant of theRiver road, not having either a map or guide to direct me. I proceeded along the Warrenton pike until I reached Hartwood Church, when I took the road leading to the United States Ford at which I arrived some time about 5p.m., and found everything perfectly quiet, and the Sixty-ninth and One hundred and sixteenth posted there in the best order. Colo- nel Kelly had left something more than an hour before, to return to Banks Ford. I concluded, therefore, on remaining at the United States - Ford until this morning, it being too late for me to return to the lower one by the only route (that of the Warrenton pike) with which I was acquainted. This morning, a little before 9 oclock, the Twenty-eigh4h Massachu- setts Volunteers qame in, having remained over night at Hartwood. Church. As I was on the point of leaving for Banks Ford orders ar- rived for the regiments of the brigade stationed at the United States Ford to proceed to the former one. These orders were immediately put into execution, General Carrollu brigade, which reached the ground about the same time as the orders did, more than supplying their place. The Sixty-ninth, One hundred and sixteenth, and Twenty-eighth are expected very soon. I have relieved Colonel Kelly from the command, and have received from him all the instructions communicated to him ap guidance for the command. I have the honor to b~ very respectfully, yours HOMAS FBANCIS MEAGHEB, M~j. Jon HANCoCK, BrirAi.r-Oner4 (Josmaesdie.g. Aeuietant A4jwtntG.swai, HaucoeVa DfrAeion. No. 73. Report of Beset. Edward Wkit4ford~ Eigktiyeigktk Yew York IVafl, Mde-de-Oau.p. Ca& irouLLoasvna, Vi., lEap 3, 1863. OnTMN: In accordance with orders from General Meagher, I have the honor to report as follows: During the heat of the action, personal orders were received front General Couch to advance the brigade (then supporting the Fifth Maine - Battery) through the woods in their front, but wei~e immediately count termanded by him, and skirmishers ordered to be thrown out I re ceived orders then from General. Meagher to throw out 50 men of the Twenty-eighth. Massachusetts, under command of Captain Lawler, to be deployed to the right and left of a wood, passing through the wood on our extreme right, the men to be deployed so as to cover the front of the brigade. On returning, I found that the fire which the enemy concentrated o Page 328 828 K. VA., W. VA., Mfl., AND PA. [Ow. ZXZYxL the above battery compelled the men to desert the guns, the horses at the time being either all killed or wounded. On reporting the fact to Gee~al Meagher, I was ordered by him to tell Major Muiholland, of the One hundred and sixteenth B~,giment Pennsylvania Volunteers, to save the guns with his men, at any risk, and too much praise cannot be be- stowed on him for his own cool bravery, and that of the men under his command, having to take them out of stiff yellow clay, where tho guns were stuck, and under a galling fire of the enemy, by which some 4 or 5 of his men were either killed or wounded; but he succeeded, most fortunately, in obeying orders, and drawing the guns, five In num- ber, to within 1 mile of the pontoon bridge, where limbers were setup, from the chief of artillery, to draw them to the extreme rear. I have the honor to be, captain, most respectfully E. WHITIIFORD, Ideuteisau.t M.d AMa-do-Gasp. Capt. II. W. War, Acting Auflatant Adjutant-Ge,aeraL HoSt Report of Mj. St CleAr A. JfnlkoUa$, Cite Limbed am? .1st east I. Peiwsa$vania Infantry. Nun CHANours~ousyua, Vi., May 4,1883. Sn: In accordance with orders just received, I have the honor to submit the following report in regard to certain guns that were taken off the field of action by the men of my command, on the morning oY Sunday May 8,1883: The J%lsh Brigade was engaged in supporting the Fifth Maine Bat- tery, commanded by Captain Lepplen. When the battery had been engaged with the enemy about one hour, all the officers and [mex%be. longing to it had either been killed, wounded, or had abandoned t eir pieces, with the exception of one man (CorpL James H. Lebroke), and all the.guns were silenced except one. About this time, Major Scott, of General Hancocks staff, rode up to me, and requested me to bring out a sufficient number of men to haul the abandoned guns off the field, as they were in great danger of being captured by the enemy. My reg- iment at this time occupied the left of the brigade line, and was near- est the battery. I at once, at the request of Major Scott, led my men toward the abandoned battery, and ordered them to haul the guns up the road. My men obeyed with alacrity7 and removed three of the guns off the field, and to the rear. After taking off the last piece, I followed my men up the road, and found another gun in possession of one of my lieutenants (L 3. Sacriste, of Company D). This piecehe had taken oft without my knowledge, and made, In all, four pieces saved by my corn. mand. The fifth piece taken to the rear w~ taken off the field by some men of the One hundred and fortieth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was by them taken up the road about 100 yards. There they were forced to halt, not having enough men to move the piece farther. I at once sent some men of my command to assist them, and the piece was brought off sucsessftlly. I found it necessary, in removing the guns, to order the men to leave their muskets, as they could not work with them In their hands. Seventy-three of my men did so. When the las Page 329 Ow. ixnmj Tfl CEANCXLLOESYILLR CAMPAIGN. 829 gun was bjought off, I went back to the left, to ascertain whether any more remained. I then found 8 or 10 of my men coming up the road, and ordered them back to gather up as many muskets as they could carry off. I do not think they succeeded in saving any. I was greatly assisted in bringing off the guns by Lieutenant Wilson, of General Hancocks staff; who acted with great bravery and personally assisted in removing the pieces. The following men of the Sixty-third New York Volunteers assisted in removing the guns: Sergt. James Dwyer, John Murray2 John Coglalin, and Corpi. John Harvey. The following men of the Sixty-ninth also assisted: Sergt. Thomas Neelan, Privates William Lennon, Martin Morgan, James Quagly, and James Sheehan. The only man with the battery when we were ordered to remove the pieces off the Wield was Corpl. James H. Lebroke. He remained with his gun and assiste4 in bringing it ot This man acted with great bravery, and fired the las$ shot. Respectfully submitted. ST. CLAIB A. MULHOLLAND Major, Comig. One hundred and afrteestk Pa. Was. Capt M. W. WAIL, Acting Assistant A4jutant-General, Irish Brigade. No. 75. Report of Bent ObL A(ford B. Chapman, J(f4,-seveath Hose York Isfantrij, Third Brigad& Car na FaxouTH, Vi., hag 7, 1863. LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by this regiment in the late movement of the army: On the morning of the 28th ultimo, we broke camp at this place, took up the line of march, and crossed the Bappahannock at theUnited States Ford on the evening of the 30th~ arrived at or near Chancel- lorsville late the same night. On the 1st instant, this brigade having been thrown forward pn the Plank road to a position about a mile beyond the Chancellor house,. formed in two lines to the right of the road, this regiment tahtikig porn- tion on the left of the second line, in double column. Shortly afterward, I was ordered by the general commanding the brigade to form in line of battle on the right of, and nearly perpendicular to, the first line, pend- ing which movement I received orders to withdraw from the woods, which was don~ and, with the rest of the brigade retired to, and formed line in front o4 the Chancellor mansion, shortly afterward changing front, and forming line in the woods beyond and to the left of that house. On the morning of the 2d, the regiment was detailed to picket the angular line forming the connection between he Second and Twelfth Corps. During this day the enemy made repeated attacb in heavy force on this line, which were successfully resisted in every instance. Having been relieved in the evening by Colonel Morris, with the Sixty- sixth New York Volunteers, and a small detail of the One hundred and fortieth Pennsylvania, I withdrew the regiment to the intrenched line and formed on- the left of the Fifty-second New York Volunteers, which position the regiment occupied on the morning of the 3d instant. O Page 330 330 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. LCIIAP. XXXVII. this morning I received orders to withdraw rapidly anti report my regi- ment to General Caidwell which I did, an(l formed on the left of the troops then under his command. This provisional brigade was then advanced through the woods in front of the position afterward occu- pied by the Third Corps, nuder a heavy fire, anti succeeded in checking the advance of the enemy in that direction. It wa~ then withdrxwn from the woods, and I was directed to rejoiu my brigade, which formed the second line iu the position occupied by this division until the with- drawal of the army from the south side of the Ilappahannock. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, A.. 13. CHAPMAN, Lient. Col., Commanding Fifty-serenth New York Volunteers. Lient. J. M. FAYILLE, Acting- Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 76. Reports of Col. 3rlando if. ]lforris, Sixty-sixth New York Infantry. CAMP NEAR FAL~ourrll, VA., May 8, 1863. SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the opera- tions of this command in the recent movements of the army on the Itappahannock: April 28, at about 7 a. m.,the regiment broke camp and marched with the brigade, General Zook commanding, bout 4 miles to the right of Fahuouth, where the brigade bivouacked for the night. This regiment was ordered on picket near Banks Ford, the line connecting on the left with the picket of the Eleventh Massachusetts Volunteers, extending along the bank of the liappahaunock about 2 miles, and uniting with the pickets of the Eighty-eighth New York Volunteers, Irish Brigade, near Banks Ford. In compliance with orders, immediately upon arriving on the picket ground I placed a strong guard upon two houses known as the England and IRawdon houses, with orders to allow no person to enter or leave either. The regiment picketed this line until about 12 midnight of the 29th, when, pnrsnant to order , the picket and the gnards on the Raw- don house were drawn in, the guards at the England house being left. The regiment then marched about 7 miles, and joined the brigade, about 10 oclock on the morning of the 30th, near the United States Ford. About 12 m. of the same day the brigade crossed the ford on pontoons, this regiment having been assigned the right of the line. The regiment then moved forward with the bri~ade about 6 miles the other side of the river, and, about 7 oclock in the evening, caine up with the Fifth Army Corps, where it bivouacked for the night. About noon the next next day, May I, heavy firing being heard in front, the regiment moved forward with the division about 4 miles, to a point near Chancellorsville, when the regiment advanced through the woods, havin~ thrown out the right-flank company, Captain Bartholf, as skirmishers; formed line of battle, and moved forward to a clearing on the crest of a hill, behind a (lense woods. Here the regiment took up position, and the left-flank company, Captain Davis, was sent out as skirmishers, with instructions to coimuect with the left of Captain Barthoifs company, for the purpose of covering our fl-out. The line o Page 331 Ova. IflYILI Tfl CHAICflLLORSYILLt CAMPAIGN. 481 skirmishers pf the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers1 on our left, and the One hundredand fortieth Pennsylvania, on our right, having sub sequently connected with our own line, the atire line of skirmishers was moved forward to the edge of the woods at the foot of the hili, and to the brow of another hill immediately in front of the woods. Here the enemy opened a heavy fire of artillery upon our skirmishers, when, in compliance with orders from General Zook, they fell back to the edge of thewoods, where they remained for about half an hour, when the enemy advanced upon them in line of battle, with a heavy line of skir. mishers in front. Our line of skirmishers, according to orders, slowly retired in good order, firing as they withdrew. The line of skirmishers having been withdrawn, I brought off my command in good order, by the right of companies to the rear, and re- joined the brigade, which formed line of battle supporting a battery in front of the Chancellor house. The enemy being driven back by the fire of our artillery, we were moved, with the brigade,toAwoods on the left of the Chancellor house, where we formed line of battle under a heavy fire from the enemys artillery in which position we remained until about 3 oclock the next morning, ]friay 2, when, pursuant to orders, we were moved, with the brigade, to our former position in front of the Chancellor house. About daylight we were ordered, with the rest of. the brigade, to the left,.when we took up position in the woods in the first line of battle, and Company D, Captain McNeill,was thrown forward as skirmishers. About 10 a. in. of the same day, this command was detached to take up position on the Fredericksburg road and throw up lntrenohments, con- necting the line of works on the left of the Chancellor house having the Eighty-eighth New York on our right and the One hundreJ and forty- eighth Pennsylvania on our let Our position here was protected in front by a slight skirting of woods, and Intended to secure a flank fire upon the enemy in case of an attack. These intrenchments were completed In the face of a severe artillery fire from the enemy on our left flank. About 9 oclock the same even- ing Geueral Hancock ordered me to report with my command to Col- onel Miles, in charge of the picketline, which Immediately did, march- ing the regiment outside of the intrenchments don the Fredericks- burg road to the picket line, there we relieved the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-second New York Volunteers. lestablished my line parallel with and a few paces beyond the road, fronting a woods occupied by the en- emys pickets, my ldt connecting and forming right angles with the Sixty-fourth, my right extending, in conjunction with two companies of the One hundred and fortieth Pennsylvania, placed under my command, to the open field infront of the breastworks, where it connected at right angles with the Fifth New Hampshire. The men, under my directions, threw up temporary intrenchments during the night At daybreak the next morning (May 3), the enemy opened a brisk fire of musketry along the whole line in front and on the left flank. The fixing was maintained for upward of four hours, during which the en- emy made repeated and determined assaults upon our lines, and was each time gallantly repulsed by our men, with severe loss. At about 9 a. in., alihis efforts to break our lines with infantry alone having proved futile, the enemy opened upon them with a terrific fire of artillery, but with no better result, every volley from the enemys musketry and every discharge from his cannon seeming to give renewed energy to our brave men and to increase theirdetermination to main- tain their position at .11 hazards and against any assanits the enem Page 332 N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (OEM. XXXYU. migljt be capable of making against them. There was no wasting of ammumtion here; every man fired with the utmost coolness and delib- eration, taking careful and steady aim at his object, as if firing at a target for a prize. Not a man flinched under the terrible fire to which he was now subjected. Every one of them felt that the high ahd en- viable reputation of the gallant old Third Brigade was labia special keeping7 and was determined that it should not. be tarnished by any act of his. About 10 oclock, the gallant Colonel Miles, commanding the picket, was shot in the breast by one of the enemys sharpshooters and was removed from the field. About this time, learning that the left of my line was being pressed, I sent one company of the One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylvania (three companies of which regiment had been sent to re-enforce my line) to that point, and subsequently sent another of these companies to the same point I was then informed that the Sixty-fourth, joining my left, had ex hansted all their ammunition, and would be compefled tofall back unless immediately supplied, whereupon I sent to their assistance the remain- ing company of the One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylvania, and then communicated to General Hancock the state of affairs on the left, and requested that a regiment might be sent to relieve the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers. Shortly afterward the Twenty-seventh Connecticut arrived on the ground, and I conducted it don to the left, and relieved the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers, which withdrew from the line and went to the rear. I now assumed command of the entire picket line. Shortly after, I was directed by Lieutenant Miller, aide to General Hancock, to be in readiness to fall back from the picket line upon receiving orders to do so. I then had an interview with Colonel Boatwick, commanding the Twenty-seventh Connecticut, whom I informed that I expected soon to receive orders to fall back, and instructed him as to the course he should pursue when the movement should commence. In a short time after this, Lieutenant Miller directed me to retire the moment the forces on my right were seen to fall back. The forces indicated soon after fell back, and I immediately took the necessary step to bring off my line of pickets, which was accomplished under a most terrific artillery fire from the right, left, and front. The regiment here suffered a heavy loss, Captain Strickland, Lieutenants King and Feder, and 57 enlisted men being found missing when the regiment rQjoined the brigade within the breastworks on the left of the white house. Most of this number, I regret to say, must have been killed or wounded by the artillery fire while fallink back through the woods, as they were known to have left th6 lntrenchments with the regiment The regiment having rejoiped the brigade, took up position in line of battle on the left Of the white house, where it remained Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday, subjected sev- eral times to the artillery fire of the enemy. Tuesday afternoon, a detail of 92 enlisted men, under the command of Captain Munn, was sent on picket The next morning, about 230 oclock, the regiment fell back with the brigade, and recrossed the river at the United States Ford, and, after a continued march of about twelve hours, returned to its old camp near Falmouth. .A report of the loss of the regiment, from the time of leaving camp ntil its return, has been already forwarded. showing a total of 71 killed, wounded, and missing. Embodied in rdvlued statement, p. 17& 88 Page 333 On,. flXYILJ THE CHAXOELLORSYILLE CAMPAIGN. 888 Of the ccwiduct In action of both officers and men, I cannot speak in terms of too high commendation; it was all that could be asked of the bravest. Cool, steady, and unflinching, even when knowing that fear- ful odds were against them they showed a determination to hold their position to the last man. Where all did so well, it would be unjust to select any for special encomium. From Lieutenant-Colonel Hammell and Major Nelson I received val- uable assistance on every occasion. Their courage and services deserve my special acknowledgments. Very respectiblly, & c., ~ H. MORRIS, Colonel, Oossdg. Sfrtij-afrtk Rerj4usnt New York Volunteer.. Lient. 3. IL Fvua, A. D. C. and A.A.A. 0., 34 Brig~ let Div., 24 Ars~ Cospa. HDQES. 66TH BEeT. Nuw Your VoLs., 3D Barn.,. 1ST Dir., Nay 18,1863. Sn: In accordance with instructions received from the major.general commanding the division, I have the honor to . submit the following report of the operations on the advanced line of the division at Chan- cellorsdlle after Colonel Miles had been wounded: I had, ou the evening of the 2d instant, reported with my regiment to Colonel Miles, commanding the picket line, and established my line parallel with and a few paces beyond the Fredericksburg road, fronting a woods occupied by the enemys pickets, my left connecting and form- ing right angles with 4he Sixty-fourth Regiment New York Volunteers, my right extending, in conjunction with two companies of the One hun- dred and fortieth Pennsylvania Volunteers, placed under my command, to the open field in front of the breastworks on the left of the Chan- cellor house, where It connected at right angles with a detachment of the Fifth hew Hampshire Volunteers. During the night the men, under my directions, had thrown up temporary intrenchments. At daybreak the next morning (May 8), the enemy opened a brisk fire of musketry along the who e line In front and on the left flank. The firing was maintained for upward of four hours, during which the enemy made repeated and determined assaults upon our lines, and was each time gallantly repulsed by our men with severe loss. About 9 a. m. Captain Davis, commanding the left-flank company of my regi- ment, sent word to me that the enemy were massing troops in front of him, and asking to be re-enforced. I immediately went to the point indicated, which I knew to be the weakest part of my he, and found the enemy evidently designing an attack, with a view to penetrate our lines at that point At this moment I saw Colonel Miles riding down the road toward me, and I stepped out to request that the left of my line should be strengthened. When within a few feet of me, this gallant officer was wounded by one of the enemys sharpshcoters, and suddenly turning his horse, qalloped back to the breastworks. I imme- diately assumed the responsibility of qrdering to the support of Cap- tain Davis one company of the One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylva- nia Volunteers, a detachment of three companies of which regiment I fond placed in the woods, apparently as a support for my line, anJsub- sequently, the firing being very heavy at that point, another company from the same detachment. The attack at this point was successfully repulsed, and soon after, these two companies moved farther to the left and sup tIn. Bnty-fourth New York Volunteers. Word was now Page 334 884 N.YA.,W.YA.,MD.,ANPPA. [GNAt mm brought me that the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers, which lay In the intrenobments across the road adjoining the left of the Sixty-sixth, were out of ammunition, that the enemy was advancing on them in cob umn closed in mass, and that, unless Immediately relieved by ammunt~ tion or re-enforcements, they would be obliged to fall back. I instantly sent to their suppott the remaining company of the One hundred and forty-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, with a message to Colonel BiQg ham, commanding the Sixty-fourth, to hold his lUte at every cost, and I would obtain re-enforcements for him. I then sent word to General Hancock of the state of affairs on my left4and requested that a regiment might be sent to relieve the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers. Shortly after the Twenty-seventh Connecticut Volunteers arrived onthe ground, and I conducted it down to the left, and relieved the Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers, which withdrew from the line and went to the rear. A few minutes after this, 1 was directed by Lieutenant Miller, aide to General Hancock, to be in readiness to all baqk and draw in the pickets upon receiving orders to do so. Lieutenant Miller, in answer to an inquiry from me, indicated the direction I should take in ftlling back, which was an oblique through the woods toward the breastworks In front of the white house. I now went don to the left, and coin- municated to Captain Davis and Major Nelson, ofthe Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers, the orders 1 had received, the direction to be taken, and instructed them to be ready to fail back with the left of their regi-: ment when they shouldsee the movement commenced on the right I then had an interview with Colonel Bostwick, commanding the Twenty-seventh Connecticut Volunteers, whom I informed that I ex- pected soon to receive orders to fall back. I gave him hill directions as to the course he should pursue when the movement commenced. I pointed outto him the direction in which we would retire, telling him that the Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers would first fall back across the road and then oblique off through the woods toward the white house, Indicating to him with my hand the exact direction. I instructed him to conform his movements to those of the Sixty-sixth New York Vol- unteers, and, when they commenced moving across the rosid, to move his line to the rear, and oblique gradually in