TITLE: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. / Series 1 - Volume 12 (Part III) AUTHOR: United States. War Dept., John Sheldon Moody, Calvin Duvall Cowles, Frederick Caryton Ainsworth, Robert N. Scott, Henry Martyn Lazelle, George Breckenridge Davis, Leslie J. Perry, Joseph William Kirkley PUBLISHER: Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1885 Page A Production Note Cornell University Library produced this volume to preserve the informational content of the deteriorated original. The best available copy of the original has been used to create this digital copy. It was scanned bitonally at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using ITU Group 4 compression. Conversion of this material to digital files was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Digital file copyright by Cornell University Library 1995. This volume has been scanned as part of The Making of America Project, a cooperative endeavor undertaken to preserve and enhance access to historical material from the nineteenth century. Page B . Title Page Page 1 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF THE OFFICIAL IRECOIRDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. PREPARED, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR, BY limit. (Jol. ROBERT N. SOOTT, Third U. S. Artillery, AND PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO ACT OF CONGRESS APPROVED JUNE 16, 1880. SERIES IVOLUME XIIIN THREE PARTS. PART JJJ.~CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. WASHJNGTOTh GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1885. Page 2 rCORNELL UMV~IRSITY LIBRAR\ / Page 3 PAIIRT 111.VOL. XII. CORRESPONDENCE, ORDERS, AND RETURNS RELATING SPECIALLY TO OPERATIONS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA, AND MARYLAND FROM MARCH 17 TO - SEPTEMBER 2, 1862. 1JNION~ CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. HUTTONSYILLE, VA., March 16, 1862. Brig. Gen. W. S. ROSECRANS: My plan would be, with 3,000 infantry and good batteries, to march 7 miles beypnd Cheat Top, and there take a new road, not altogether cut out, to Green bank, which place is 8 miles to left of Baldwin. From Greenbank proceed to lluntersville, which is now occupied by a regi. ment of infantry, several hundred cavalry, and two pieces artillery. There effect junction with such force as General Cox may send from Lewisburg, and on good pike march to rear of Alleghany, now occu- pied by force of about 2,000, according to my best information. Thence march rapidly to Staunton, or, if thought best, on to Virginia and Ten- nessee road. I can muster almost 3,000 infantry here, but have trans- portation for only two pieces. All our cannon here are smooth bore; should have a good battery with some rifled guns completely equipped. Reason of anxiety to move is, that yesterday was time set for drafting militia of Pocahontas and Highland. Many citizens now concealed in mountains and trying to escape. Seven arrived yesterday report that Colonel Johnson was lately at Richmond for re-enforcements; that he states unless he received 5,000 the Yankees would surround him; that none have arrived. They say that loaded trains are leaving Lewisburg for south. Fear that game I have watched so long will escape me at last. R. H. MILROY, Brigadier- General. [MARCH 16, 1862.For McClellans instructions to Banks see Part I, p. 164.] HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE BRIGADE, Upperville, Pauquier County, Va. [about March 17, 1862]. Maj. R. MORRIS COPELAND, Assistant Adjutant- General: SIR: I spent the greater part of yesterday in an extensive tour of reconnaissance through the section toward and along Goose Creek, and 1 R RVOL XII~ PT Ill (3 Page 4 4 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. followed the railroad some distance. Three or four bridges were burned by the rebels, one of which was over Goose Creek, above Piedmont. I found the country very rugged and mountainous. A body of about 125 rebel cavalry fled from Piedmont as soon as we caine within sight. No other troops were visible. I extended uiy tour through the mountainous region toward the river, passing through Paris. I found everything perfectly quiet, and a general expression of sympathy for the cause of the Union in many places. At Piedmont I learned from a man formerly of Pittsburgh, Pa., that it is generally conceded that Jack sons force on the other side of the river does not exceed 5,000 men besides Ashbys cavalry. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. W. GEARY, Golonet Twenty-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Vols., Comdg. WASHINGTON, D. C., March 17, 18626.50 p. m. General N. P. BANKS, Commanding Army Corps, Harpers Ferry: The major-general commanding directs that you leave all of General Shields division to guard the valley of the Sheiiandoah until the Ma. nassas Gap Railroad is repaired. Please inform me at what time your division will probably reach Centreville. B. B. MARCY Chief of Staff. WASHINGTON, D. 0., March 17, 1862. General JAMES SHIELDS, Winchester: Movements will be arranged to your satistaction I think, and much as I supposed when I left you. 1 return immediately. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, & c. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS BRIGADE, March 174.30 p. m. Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General: I have the honor to report the following as the present strength and condition of my command: Available. Aggregate. 14th Indiana Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Harrow 744 908 4th Ohio Volunteers, Col. John S. Mason 397 992 8th Ohio Volunteers, Col. S. S. Carroll 476 852 7th Virginia Volunteers,. Colonel Evans. - . -. . 861 67th Ohio Volunteers, Colonel Bustenbinder 587 896 84th Pennsylvania Volunteers, Colonel Murray. - - .. . - 503 1,023 Total 2, 707 5,53 Page 5 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IJNION. 5 Available. Aggregate. Second Brigade, Col. J. C. Sullivan commanding: 5th Ohio Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Patrick 821 918 62d Ohio Volunteers, Col. F. B. Pond 854 948 66th Ohio Volunteers, Col. Charles Candy 730 892 13th Indiana Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Foster 632 848 39th Illinois Volunteers, Col. T. 0. Osborn 550 788 Total .. . . .. 3, 587 4, 394 Third Brigade, Col. E. B. Tyler commanding: 7th Ohio Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Creighton 659 886 29th Ohio Volunteers, Colonel Buckley 696 893 7th Indiana Volunteers, Colonel Gavin 716 961 1st Virginia Volunteers, Colonel Thoburn 674 891 110th Pennsylvania Volunteers, Colonel Lewis 462 670 Andrew Sharpshooters 48 96 Total 3,255 4,397 Artillery Corjj~, Lieutenant-Colonel Daum commanding.Company E, Fourth Artillery, U. S. Army, Captain Clark; 109 available, 121 aggregate; six guns, 10-pounder Parrotts. Company H, First Ohio Volunteer Artillery, Captain Huntington; 124 available, 144 aggregate; six guns, 6-pounder rifled. Company L, First Ohio Volunteer Artillery, Captain Robinson; 128 available, 150 aggregate; six guns, four 6- pounder smooth-bore, two 12-pounder howitzers. Company A, First Virginia Volunteer Artillery, Lieut. J. Jenks; 119 available, 132 aggre. gate; six guns, four 10-pounder Parrotts, two 6-pounder brass smooth- bore. Company B, First Virginia Volunteer Artillery, Captain Davey; 128 available, 148 aggregate; two guns, 10-pounder Parrotts. Captain Wallace Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, one gun, 12-pounder brass smooth-bore. Total, 608 available, 695 aggregate; twenty-seven guns. Cavalry Corps.First Battalion Pennsylvania Cavalry and squadron Ohio cavalry, Capt. J. Keys; 214 available, 469 aggregate. First Vir- ginia Cavalry, Major Chamberlain; 484 avail able, 636 aggregate. To- tal, 698 available, 1,105 aggregate. The whole available force of cav- alry is now detached from my command, and placed under Colonel Brodhead, chief of cavalry. For disposable force on hand: Infantry 9,549; artillery, 608; twenty-seven pieces of ordnance. Cavalry, 698. Total, 10,855. Full and accurate reports have been made to division headquarters. JAS. SHIELDS, Brigadier- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TRE POTOMAC, No. 83. Near Alexandria Seminary, Va., March 17, 1862. * * * * * * * Col. Dixon 5. Miles, Second Infantry, commanding Railway Brigade, will report his command to Maj. Gen. John A. Dix, commanding at Baltimore, but may receive his instructions with regard to that portion if the railway lying withiii the geographical limits of the District of Columbia from Brig. Gen. James S. Wadsworth, military governor of that District. * * * * * * * By command of Major-General McClellan: RICHD B. IRWIN, Captain, Aide-de- Camp, Acting Assistant Adjutant- General Page 6 6 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 83. Near Alexandria Seminary, Va., March 17, 1862. 8UPPLEMENTARY. Brig. Gen. James S. Wadsworth, having been assigned to duty by the direction of the President as military governor of the District of Columbia, will, besides the military command of the city of Washing- ton, assume the charge of the defenses north and south of the Potomac in the vicinity of Washington. The limits of his command will embrace the District of Columbk, the city of Alexandria, the ground in front of and in the vicinity of the defensive works south of the Potomac from the Occoquan to Diffi- cult Creek, and the post of Fort Washington. He will hav& charge of the provisional brigades, composed of new troops arriving in Wash- ington, and will exercise supervision over. troops in the city. By command of Major-General McClellan: RICHD B. IRWIN, Assistant A~utant- General. CAMDEN STATION, March 18, 1862. (Received 9.10 p. in.) Hon. B. M. STANTON: The Harpers Ferry bridge is completed, and an engine has just passed over it from Maryland to Virginia. Our engineer advises that our men have rendered secure three bridges and trestled another on the Win- chester road, and that trains will run to Charlestown to-morrow. The work east of Martinsburg afl(l west of Harpers Ferry is progressing rapidly, and within a week we hope to open the entire line. I have pleasure in announcing these facts to you, to whose comprehensive and vigorous arr.angements for the protection of the road we are so much indebted for the opportunity of accomplishing this work, of such great importance to the whole country. J. W. GARRETT, President. WINCHESTER, March 19, 1862. General MARCY: In obedience to instructions from General Williams, commanding, General ~ division moved out yesterday on road to Strasbnrg. At Middletown, 13 miles, his advance encountered small party of enemy, who fled, and bnrned behind them the fine bridge across. Cedar Creek, 3 miles north of Strasburg. The enemys force at Cedar Creek consisted of a part of regiment of cavalry, a few hundred infantry, and four field guns. This morning General Shields constructed a tempo- rary bridge across Cedar Creek, and [is] doubtless now iii Strasburg. but will proceed no farther. Information this moment received is that Jacksons force, except the party mentioned above, was on Monday night, 17th, 14 miles north of Mount Jackson, where railroad termi- nates. D. D. PERKINS, Chief of Staff, Ban/cs Division. [MARCH 19, 186~2.For McClellamis plan of campaign see Series I, Vol. V. p. 57. Page 7 CHAP. XXIV.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UN1ON. 7 BEVERLY, VA., March 19, 1862. Brig. Gen. W. S. ROSECRANS: Forty-six refugees have come in under flag of truce within last four days from Pocahontas and Highland. Report general consteriiation in these two counties, occasioned by forcible (lrafts into rebel army under penalty of death for refusal. They beg and pray for protection; say hundreds will assist in driving out traitors if we come over. I think we ought to move over promptly, but if a permanent movement is In- tended I ought by all means have ilyinans battery and one or two other regiments. Roads bad between Webster and Huttonsville; other side good. Regiments ordered on now would have time to rest. R. H. MLLROY, Brigadier-General. IIDQRS. MILITARY DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON, Washington, D. C., March 21, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War. SIR: I have the honor to report to you that troops in considerable numbers are arriving from the North. As I consider the force now here amply sufficient for the protection of the capital, and as they can be much more economically subsisted at depots in the interior, I beg leave respectfully to suggest that no more troops be ordered here for the present. There are sanitary objections to the accumulation of a large force at this point, which may be removed when your orders to the Surgeon- General and to myself as to the medical police of the city are carried out. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, WADSWORTH, Brigadier- General, Military Governor District of Columbia. WINCHESTER, March 21, 18623.30 p. m. General MARCY: The Shenandoah bridge is completed and the First Division moves to-morrow. Heavy rains to-day and river swollen. General Shields has driven the enemy to Mount Jackson, 20 miles south of Strasbnrg. He fled before our troops, burning the bridges in his march. Scouting parties of cavalry are observed on the line of the Manassas road, but not in strength. N. P. BANKS, Major- General. [MARCH 22, 1862.For statement of Dixs command, see Series I, Vol. XI, Part III, p. 30.] WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. C., March 22, 1862. Genecal ROSECRANS: GENERAL: I have seen your plan of operations submitted to the Adju- tant-General,~ and after careful consideration feel it proper to say that ~ See Series I, Vol. V, pp. 744, 765 Page 8 8 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. it commends itself to my judgmentvery favorably, and that I would have been very glad to intrust its execution to you with an adequate force, and great confidence of successful result, but as the President, in re- organizing some of the military departments, has placed the Mountain Department, including your command, under the direction of Major- General Fr6mont, it will be for him to execute such operations as may appear most expedient. Your plan, with my approval of its general features, has been submitted for his consideration. Trusting that happy results may attend our arms in that as in other departments, I remain, truly, yours, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 22, 1862. Maj. Gen. Jo~ C. FRI~MoNT, U. S. A., Gommanding Mountain Department: SIR: Your general duties in the command recently assigned to you are sufficiently indicated by the character of the conflict in which the Government is engaged, and specific instructions are therefore not deemed to be necessary, except on one or two points, to which your at- tention is especially called. You will regard it as a special duty to protect from all injury from the public enemy so much of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad as falls within your district. For this purpose, unless some manifest reason should render it inexpedient, you will commit this service to General Kelley. Your attention will next be directed to th~ railroad between Knox- ville and Richmond, some one point of which within your command you will seize and hold with the troops under your command. Beyond these two cardinal points of duty the Department refrains from giving specific instructions, leaviug you the usual discretion of com- manders in the field. In consequence of embarrassments having been thrown upon the offi- cers of the Government in the settlement of accounts growing out of contracts irregularly made in some parts of the country for army supplies, transportation, & c., it becomes necessary to call the attention of com- manders to this subject, and to direct that n~ contract whatever will be made by your authority except in conformity with the Regulations for the Army and through the proper officers of the several departments of the Army. The necessities of the country and the credit of the service demand strict regularity and rigid economy. You will enter without delay upon your command and lose no time in - commencing active operations. Frequent and full report of your opera- tions, in progress or contemplated, will be expected, and the cordial sup- port and co-operation of the Department will be afforded to whatever may tend to the good of the service and speedy suppression of the re- bellion and restoration of the authority of the Government. You will notif~,v the Departuient if new instructions or additional forces may at any time be required. By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General Page 9 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 9 HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Wheeling, March 22, 1862. Brig. Gen. LORENZO THOMAS, Adjutant- General U. S. Army, Washington, D. C.: GENERAL: Iii compliance with your telegram of the 19th I tele- graphed briefly the strength of the different arms in this command. 1 now submit a more detailed report, showing the general disposition, numbers, and condition of the troops. For the sake of perspicuity I shall give the details by districts and then a general summary. 1. The District of Cumberland, Brig. Gen. R. C. Sehenek, Volunteers, commanding, Comprises all east of the Alleghanies and west of the Department of the Potbmac, add9d to this department by General Orders, 23, cur- rent series, Headquarters of the Army. Headquarters now at Cumber laud, Md. It contains Men. Three regiments of infantry 2,753 One company of cavalry 63 No artillery. The infantry consists of part of the Potomac Home Brigade, the Filth Virginia, and the Eighty-second Ohio Volunteers; arms mostly smooth-bore muskets and Enfield rifles. The cavalry is armed with sabers and revolvers, but have no carbines. 2. The Cheat Mountain District, Brig. Gen. R. II. Milroy, Volunteers~ commanding, Comprises all west of the Alleghanies, south of the railroad lines, north of the valley of the Gauley, and east of the Weston and Sum- merville road. The troops in this district are disposed as follows: Men. At Cheat Mountain Summit, in huts: Ten companies 2d Virginia Volunteer Infantry . 947 Ten companies 75th Ohio Volunteer Infantry 849 One company Rigbys Indiana Artillery 92 At Iluttoneville, in tents: Five companies 3d Virginia Volunteer Infantry 384 One company let Virginia Volunteer Cavalry 64 At Elkwater, in huts: Five companies 3d Virginia Volunteer Infantry - . . - 384 One company artillery, detached from 25th Ohio 84 At Beverly: Ten companies 25th Ohio Volunteer Infantry ~.. 832 Ten companies 32d Ohio Volunteer Infantry - 908 At Buckhannon: One company 10th Virginia Volunteer Infantry 84 Two companies 1st Virginia Volunteer Cavalry 173 At Weston: Ten companies 73d Ohio Volunteer Infantry 912 One company 1st Virginia Volunteer Cavalry 85 At Fort Pickens, Sutton, & c.: Four companies 10th Virginia Volunteer Infantry 28 Page 10 10 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Mon. Total force Cheat Mountain District: Six and a half regiments infantry 5,586 Four companies cavalry 322 Two batteries artillery . .. .. . . - - 176 3. The Railroad District, Brig. Gen. B. F. Kelley, Volunteers, command- tng, Comprises all on and north and west of the railroad lines. It has at various bridges and tunnels on the railroa(l li~es,in eluding the depot guards at Grafton, Clarksburg, and Parkersburg, excluding troops temporarily at those points: Men. Fifteen companies 6th Virginia Volunteer Infantry 1,347 At Grafton, temporarily: Ten companies 55th Ohio Volunteer Infantry - -- 963 At Clarksburg: One company Virginia cavalry .. .... . - - One company 1st Ohio Artillery (four 6-pounders and two 12-pounders) 176 At Parkersburg and sundry places south: Eight companies 11th Virginia Volunteer Infantry 614 One company Indiana Volunteer Cavalry 80 One company 1st Ohio Volunteer Artillery - .. . 138 At Wheeling: Four companies Connecticut Volunteer Cavalry . . - 328 One company Indiana Volunteer Cavalry 85 One company Virginia Volunteer Cavalry .. . . . .. .. . 83 One company Virginia Volunteer Infantry. - - 91 One company Virginia Volunteer Artillery 116 4. The District of the Kanauha, Brig. Gen. J. D. Gox, Volunteer8, Com- manding, Comprises all the valleys of the Kanawlia, Gnyandotte, and mouth of Big Sandy: Men. At Point Pleasant (mouth of Kanawba): Nine companies 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry 763 At Buffalo, Coalsmouth, & c.: Eight companies 8th Virginia Volunteer Infantry 806 At Charleston: Ten companies 12th Ohio Volunteer Infantry 989 One company Ohio Volunteer Cavalry 86 At Camp Piatt (12 miles above Charleston): Ten companies 44th Ohio Volunteer Infautry.. . 951 On~ company 1st Virginia Volunteer Cavalry 82 At Clifton, & c. (30 miles above Charleston): Ten companies 37th Ohio Volunteer {nfantry 845 At Gauley Bridge: Ten companies 28th Ohio Volunteer Infantry - 889 One company 1st Illinois Volunteer Dragoons 89 At Gauley Mount (intrenched): Ten companies 47th Ohio Volunteer Infantry - 794 One company Ohio Volunteer Artillery - 107 At Summerville and vicinity: Ten companies 36th Ohio Volnuteer Infantry. 91 Page 11 11 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. Men. At Fayetteville: Ten companies 30th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. .. -. . 670 Five companies 23d Ohio Volunteer Infantry 377 One company Ohio Volunteer Artillery 98 At Beckley [Raleigh Court-House]: Five companies 23d Ohio Volunteer Infantry 377 One company 2d Virginia Volunteer Cavalry 86 At Guyandotte: Eleven companies 2d Virginia Volunteer Cavalry 744 Six companies 9th Virginia Volunteer Infantry ... - - -. 566 At Barboursville and vicinity: Ten companies 34th Ohio Volunteer Infantry 970 At Ceredo, mouth of Twelve Pole: Ten companies 4th Virginia Volunteer Infantry.. - - - -. . - - - -. . 868 Total force in Kanawha District: Twelve and three-tenths regiments infantry 10,780 Fifteen companies cavalry 1,086 Two batteries artillery 205 5. District of the Valley of Big Sandy River, Col. J. A. Garfield corn mandnzg. Men. At Piketon and vicinity (estimated): Three regiments volunteer infantry 2,490 One company volunteer artillery. 110 Two companies volunteer cavalry 165 At places below Piketon: Two regiments infantry 1,660 No cavalry; no artillery. Estimated ~total in this district: Five regiments infantry 4,150 One company artillery 110 Two companies cavalry 165 6. District of the Gap, Colonel Carter commanding. Comprising all other troops in the department westof Big Sandy Valley. Newspaper reports (none other havitig reached this department head quarters) state the forces in this district to be (estimated) Men. Five regiments infantry - .-. 4, 150 Six companies cavalry 500 One company artillery . 120 GENERAL SUMMARY. Di8trict of the Gumberland. Three regiments infantry 2,753 One company cavalry 63 Cheat Mountain Di8trict. Six and five-tenths regiments infantry 5,586 Four companies cavalry 326 Two batteries artillery 172 Railroad Dt8trWt. Three and four-tenths regiments infantry. - - - - 3,015 Eight companies cavalry 660 Three batteries artillery 43 Page 12 12 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [Cn~r. XXLV. Distriot of the Kanawha. Men. Twelve and three-tenths regiments infantry 10, 750 Fifteen companies cavalry . 1, osti Two batteries artillery 205 Di8trict of the Big Sandy Valley. (Estimated.) Five regiments infantry .. 4, 150 Two companies cavalry 110 One company artillery District of the Gap. (Estimated.) Five regiments infantry 4,150 Six companies cavalry. - - 500 One company artillery. . 120 Thus it will be seen that the total force in this department consists of. Men. Thirty-five and two-tenths regiments infantry 30,434 Thirty-six companies cavalry 2,741 Nine batteries artillery. - - - -- . -. - -. . - - 1, 096 These troops, it will be perceived, guard a frontier 350 miles long, approached by roads more or less perpendicular to that line of frontier, with few cross-communications. They also guard the (lepots, bridges, and tunnels on 300 miles of railroad an(l 200 miles of water cominuni- cation. From my last department return it appears that in the District of the Cumberland the percentage of sick and absent was: Sick, 8.33 per cent.; absent, 16.2 per cent.; total, 24.53 per cent. In the District of Cheat Mountain: Sick, 7.6 per cent.; absent, 13.03 per cent.; total. 20.63 per cent. Railroad District: Sick, 8.2 percent.; absent, 7.5 percent.; total, 15.7 per cent. District of the Kanawha: Sick, 8.9 per cent.; absent, 14.9 per cent.; total, 23.8 per cent. The proportion of sick and absent in the Districts of the Big Sandy and the Gap may be presumed to be about 20 per cent. Whence it appears that from the total strength given in this report it will be fair to deduct from 20 to 25 per cent. in order to obtain the number fit fbr duty. in other words, in this command the Government is paying 100 men in order to get the services of from 75 to 80. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. ~. Army. WINCHESTER, March 22, 186210.30 p. m. General WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General: A slight skirmish occurred this afternoon about 1~- miles from Win- chester, on the Strasburg road, between a portion of General Shields troops and the rebel cavalry with four pieces of artillery. The enemy retreated with loss as soon as our guns opened fire. One man was killed on our side, and I regret to say that General Shields suffered a slight injury in the left arm above the elbow from a fragment of Page 13 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 13 shell which burst near him. A prisoner brought in to-night says the enemy were under the impression our troops had left Winchester, and Jacksons forces were on the road from Strasburg under the same im- l)ressioII. The last brigade of Williams division left for Manassas this morning. N. P. BAI~KS, Major- Gei& eral, (Jommanding. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ WAIL DEPT., ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 28. Washington, March 22, 1862. I. A military department, to be called the Middle Department, and to consist of the States of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Virginia, and the counties of Cecil, Harford, Baltimore, and Anne Arundel, in Maryland, is hereby created. Major-General Dix, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to the command; headquarters at Baltimore. * * *. * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant-Gemerat. CAMP CUSTIS, VA., March 23, 1862. Col. SIR P. WYNDHAM: COLONEL: I have the honor to report that, in pursuance of your orders, on the 20th instant I proceeded to Dumfries via the Telegraph road. I passed through the camps of four brigades. Considerable numbers of tents were left in the camps, but they were old and worth- less. I counted thirty-two large Confederate army wagons, which were mostly in good condition, and had been left by the rebels on account of the scarcity of horses and almost impassable condition of the roads. I ascertained that the rebels had two trains of pack mules. I also found considerable flour and hard bread, which had been taken from the camps by the farmers and is still in their possession, as I had no transportation. On the farm of a Mr. Weaton, on the Brentsville road, is a large quantity of officers baggage belonging to General Whitings brigade. In fact, in this vicinity at almost every farm there is some- thing concealed. I have reliable information that in the vicinity of Bacon Race Church there is a large quantity of stores, among which is a quantity of hospital stores. At Neabsco Mills I found an ambulance, which was said to have been taken from our troops at Bull Run. The inhabitants are mostly Union men, and even the most bitter secessionists admit their cause to be lost. I ascertained that the Prince William Cavalry and the Hampton Legion were about 6 miles south- west of Dumfries, and were ~)ressing Union men into their ranks. The inhabitants besought me to ask that a small force of cavalry be sent-in the vicinity of Occoquan to give them protection. There is considerable grain in this vicinity, but little or no hay. The nature of the roads would not allow a baggage train to bring away any quantity of stores just at preseuL On the 21st the fords were all un- passable, and the horses being much jaded, I did not go beyond Nea Page 14 14 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIV sco Mills. The next morning the fords were still impassable, and hearing from good authority that a force of rebel cavalry were in the vicinity, I resolved to cross the Occoquan, which I did by swimming the horses and carrying the men in small boats. I arrested und kept in confinement Basil Brawner, a justice of the peace, but released him on parole of honor when I left. Your obedient servant, P/INS D. JONES, Major, Third Battalion. HUTTONSYILLE, VA., March 23, 1862. Brig. 6-en. W. S. ROSECRANS: Have ordered one company of Tenth Virginia to take charge of Buck- hannon; Hyman to report here, and Seventy-third ohio also. If five or six companies of Fifty-fifth Ohio could take charge of Beverly, Philippi, and Huttonsville I could take, including three companies of cavalry, 4,000 men with me. IRichinonds companies are very poorly armed. Could you not hasten their arms to Buckhannon? Could you inform me whether General Cox has moved on Lewisburg or what his inten- tions are? After taking Monterey and Alleghany I should be re-enforced to make sure of holding possession at Staunton, if thought best to move on there. B. H. MILBOY, Brigadier- General WAR DEPARTMENT, March 23, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR]~MONT, New York: Your request that General Garfield should be directed to report imme- diately to you has been carefully considered, and it is not deemed expe- dient to give that direction. He may be engaged in important operations that might be delayed or frustrated by subjecting hini to your orders before you have entered upoii your department or know anything of his present instructions or your own means to support him or insure his safety. It might also prematurely interrupt judicious operations of Generals Buell and Halleck before you have taken the first step toward substituting others by taking command in person. Yesterday a general order was made to provide for such cases as the operations of General Garfield, which has been communicated to Gen- erals Buell and Halleck and a copy sent to you by mail. This morning I wrote you respecting Zagouyi giving an order direct- ing Captain Pilsen, on duty in the Army of the Potomac, to report to you without any authority from this Department. I hope soon to hear that you have gone to your command; and as soon as you do so your staff will be appointed, and every aid in the power of this Department will be rendered you for your success and the good of the service. But persons who are as ignorant as Zagonyi of the military subordination due to the Government, and who recog- nize no authority but that of their military chief, seem to be improper persons to be intrusted with commissions from the Government. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 15 CRAP. XXIV.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 15 WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 23, 1862. Major-General Fiu~iwoNT, New York: The order referred to in my previous dispatch, and a copy whereof has been sent you by mail, is as follows: GENERAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, No. 29. Washington, March 22, 1862. In the changes recently made in the boundaries of department commands it may happen that troops belonging to one department may either be in or may unavoid- ably pass into another. in such a case the troops so situated will continue under the command of the general nuder whose orders they may have been operating. But it is expected that they will be withdrawn as soon as the position they may occupy comes within the control of the proper commander of the department. By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant-General. This order has been deliberately considered, and its observance is deemed highly expedient to the success of the service. You will per- ceive that it dispenses with the necessity of directing General Garfield to report to you; leaves your operations unembarrassed when you shall be in condition to occupy his l)ositions; prevents exposing him to dan- ger, and protects the service from the evils of delay or premature change of plans in prosecution. EDWIN M. STANTON, ~Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS, Winchester, Va., March 23, 1862. Brig. Gen. ALPHEUS S. Wfl~LIAMS: SIR: The enemy, supposing we had evacuated this place, are moving up in some force. Halt your division and send one brigade back to Berryville with all possible dispatch. General Shields was slightly wounded yesterday. Open communica- tion with us. By command of Major-General Banks: B. MORRIS COPELAND, Major of Volunteers and Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 23, 1862. General N. P. BANKS, Winchester: Your dispatch reporting a skirmish in the vicinity of Winchester yesterday afternoon has been received and laid before the commanding general, who directs that General Shields command pursue the enemy as far as Strasburg, and. give him such a lesson that he will not attempt to appear again in that quarter, if in your judgment the movGment can be undertaken with safety. The commanding general also orders that you keep your cavalry well to the front, and closely watch the operations of the enemy. The coni- manding general regrets to learn of the injury General Shields has sustained, and hopes that he will speedily recover from his wound. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General Page 16 16 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WINCHESTER, March 24, 1862. (Received 9.42 a. in.) General S. WILLIAMS: We are re-enforced by two brigades this morning. It is yet uncer- tain whether the enemy is re-enforced or can be held to a fight. I have requested General Sedgwick to remain at Harpers Ferry a few hours this morning with trains. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding Corps dArmee. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 24, 186211 a. m. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Commanding Fifth Corps, Winchester: Dispatch received. Your course was right. As soon as you are st rong enough push Jackson hard and drive him well beyoiid Stras- burg, pursuing at least as far as Woodstock, and, if possible, with cav- alry to Mount Jackson. Strasburg should then be held in force, and the repairs of the railway bridge over the Shenandoah pushed forward as rapidly as possible. The very moment the thorough defeat of Jack- soii will permit it, resume the movement on Manassas, always leaving the whole of Shields command at or near Strasburg and Winchester until Manassas Gap Railway is fully repaired. Call on Sedgwick for aid if you require it, but not unless necessary. Communicate fully and frequently and act vigorously. GEG. B. ~1CCLELLAN, Major- General. MIDDLETOWN, VA.,, March 24, 1862. Major-General MCCLELLAN: Your dispatch received. Its instructions will be followed. The enemy is in full retreat. Our men are exhausted, but will overtake them. I think they fly rapidly. I notified General Sedgwick that his force will not be wanted at 9.30 this morning. Will hasten the Manas- sas orders as rapidly as possible. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, D. C., March 24, 18621.26 p. m. General JOHN SEDGW1CK, Harpers Ferry: You are authorized to leave for this place as soon as your transpor- tation arrives, unless you get further information from General Banks that your command is wanted to re-enforce him. A guard must be left at U arpers Ferry for the bridge. R. B. MARCY, Chief of & aff Page 17 ChAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 17 WASHINGTON, D. C., March 24, 1862. Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN: Is there sufficient force along the line of the Baltimore and Ohio road for its protection? That is with the West a vital point, and as it is now ready to be opened no effort should be spared to secure it from fur- ther interruption. EDWIN M. STANTON. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Seminary, At arch 24, 18627.30 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: There is ample force along the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail- road to protect it. It is probable that the guards were temporarily reduced yesterday to re-enforce Winchester. The exigencies have passed. There should no longer be any difficulty. I will call General Shields attention to this matter, which had not escaped my attention. GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major-General, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 24, 1862. Colonel HOLLIDAY, Poolesville: Enemy have reappeared in front of Winchester. Were badly handled by General Shields yesterday, and will probably be disposed of to-day. What force has De Korponay at Leesburg? What force have you, and can you get over the river with it? GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major-General. POOLESYILLE, March 24, 18621.20 p. m. Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN: De Korponay had at Leesburg 280 men. He started to join his regi- ment at Aldie this morning. I have 770 Vermont cavalry mounted, 636 Eighth New York Cavalry dismounted and guarding the river for 30 miles. Can cross the river at the rate of 20 mounted. men per hour. The arms of both regiments are very poor. J. P. HOLLIDAY, Golonel, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 24, 1862. Brigadier-General ROSECRANS, Wheeling, Va. If you have given any orders to General Garfield please suspend them, and inform me immediately what they are. It is important that 2 U UVOL XIII PT II Page 18 18 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. tCHAr. XXIV. General Garfield should continue his operations under Ge~eral Buelis instructions. I wrote you by mail yesterday, expressing my favorable opinion of the plan of operations you proposed.* EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 24, 1862. General IROSECRANS, Wheeling: The protection of the Baltimore and Ohio road is of great impor- tance, as you are aware, and while you remain in command I hope no effort will be spared to guard so much as is within your department from disaster. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS FIFTH CORPS, Strasburg, March 25, 18627 a. m. General S. WILLIAMS: Our force is at Strasbnrg this morning. Camped last night near Cedar Creek. The troops were so much exhausted that it was impos- sible to reach the enemy. His retreat is a flight. We pursue rapidly this morning. Shall begin reconstruction of bridge at Front Royal. Reported by rebel Jacksons aide that they were assured of re-enforce. ments to 30,000, butt we dont credit it. General Sedgwick reported he should move under your orders at 5 last night. General Abercrombie, First Brigade, Williams division, is at Aldie. Have ordered him to leave for Manassas. Donnelly and Gordon, Second and Third Brigades, are on this line. If practicable, shall ask permission to send them to ~Ianassas, Via Strasburg and Front Royal. Will report to-night on this subject. Donnellys brigade marched 32 miles yesterday. Our advance moved at daybreak this morning. N. P. BANKS, Major-General. STRASBURG, March 25, 186210 a. m. General WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General: We need greatly one or two engineers. There are none with the column. Captain Abert is at the bridge, Snickers Ferry. We are in pursuit of the enemy, 4 miles below Strasburg. Our artillery did fear- ful execution upon them yesterday. Dead bodies and wounded men were left along the road in numbers. N. P. BANKS, Major-General. Reference probably to letter of March 22, p 7 Page 19 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. IIEADQUAUTERS FIFTH CORPS DARM~E, Strasburg, March 25, 18621.10 p. in. General S. WILLIA~IS: I have ordered General Abercrombie to advance from Aldie, where lie now is, to Manassas, and commence reconstruction of the road and tele- graph toward Strasburg. Colonel G~ary, at Aldie, will take position, if practicable, at White Plains, 10 miles south of Aldie, on the road. We shall begin the bridge at Strasburg to-day, and if possible send our force over the road to Manassas. This may be impracticable, but we shall try iL N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. CUMBERLAND, March 25, 1862. Capt. GEORGE L. IIARTSUFF, Assistant Adjutant- General: There is nothing to prevent the bold rebel Ashby, with 1,000 cav- alry, followed by Jacksons infantry, dashing across from Woodstock to Moorefield, yet my Connecticut cavalry are not sent in this emer- gency because they are not l)aid. Why in Gods name cannot a pay- master follow them, and I implore you to send there immediately at. least one section of the battery promised me, if horses have to be l)ressed. ROBT. C. SCHENCK. CUMBE~LAND, March 25, 1862. Capt. GEORGE L. HARTSUFF, Assistant Adjutant-General: I have done all I could with the almost no force I have. The follow- ing is from the quartermaster whom I sent this morning to Martins- burg: Simmons just in from Winchester. He says Colonel Kimball was chasing the rebels last night. The Eighty-fourth and One hundred and tenth Pennsylvania suffered very severely; also Daums battery. Winchester was considered safe this morning and the rebels panic-stricken. Transportation in a bad condition and no instructions left to act upon. I have ordered horses and shall send a train of forage and ammuni~ tion down as soon as they arrive on my own responsibility.. No commissary stores demanded just now; need hospital stores most. F. W. HURTT. I want cavalry in this division at Springfield and elsewhere iminedi- ately. I hear also from llurtt that the Sixty-seventh and the Eighth Ohio suffered severely yesterday. ROBT. C. SCHEKOK, Brigadier- GeneraL STRASBURG, March 26, 18621 p. m. General S. WILLIAMS: The enemy has retreated to Mount Jackson, possibly to Staunton. Our cavalry advancing a~ far as Woodstock. INo troops. The advance brigade has taken a strong position 4 or 5 miles in advance of th Page 20 20 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CUAP. XflV. town, and when intrenched will command absolutely the valley from mountain to mountain. The movement of the brigades of Williams division to Manassas by reconstruction of the bridges is impracticable, ou account of their great height and the want of timber. The only course in that direction is to bridge the forks of the river on the coun- try road above the railway, and follow the roads in that direction to Manassas. To make this safe, we ought to be supported from Manassas by occupation of Warrenton and the roads leading from that point to the railway. The other and safer is to follow the route by Snickers Ferry; this should be selected. I think we cau occupy Front Royal and Chester Gap from this side. You can judge better which is our true course and when we should move, and I will be glad to receive in- structions. The enemy is broken, but will rally. Their purpose is to unite Jacksons and Longstreets forcessome 20,000at New Market, below Mount Jackson or at Washington, in order to operate on either side of the mountain, and will desire to prevent our junction of the forces at Manassas. At present they will not attack here. When the First Division moves is uncertain. It would relieve me greatly to kiiow something of Rosecrans movements, and how far the enemy will be pressed in front of Manassas. Our cavalry and artillery, with infantry supports, are kept well in front of our advanced position here, and the enemy harassed continually. N. P. BANKS, Major.General, Commanding. SEMINARY, VA., March 26, 18622.50 p. m. Maj. Gen. N. P. BALN4 Near Strasbury: Sumner, with two divisions of his corps, is 5 miles beloW Manassas, moving on Warrenton. The telegraph is working to Manassas and will probably be open to Warrenton on Friday. From the best infor- mation he can gather General McClellan believes the main force of the enemy has retired beyond the Rappahannock, occupying the line of the Rapidan from Fredericksburg to Gordonsville; and he thinks that the force met by ~3hields on the 23d consisted almost entirely of Jacksons command. Following extract from telegram to Shields is forwarded for your in- formation.* * * * * * * By command of Major-General McClellan: S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant.General. STRASBURG, March 26, 186210.30 p. m. Gener~d ~3. WILLIAMS, Fairfax Seminary: Your 4ispatch in cipher received. Thanks for the news. The best informed Southern men say Jackson is moving to Staunton en route for See first clause in Williams to Shields~ same date, Part I, p.344 Page 21 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 21 Richmond; that we shall not see him again here. Nevertheless his rear guard remains near Woodstock with some force. Letter received here from a resident of this town in rebel army says they are moving from Gordonsville and forming line upon Fredericksburg and Rich- mond. The substance of onr information is that the rebels are moving back from all their present positions. Colonel Bryan, Twelfth Massa- chusetts, counted 273 dead rebels on the battle-field at Winchester to- day. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 27, 1862. General W. S. ROSECRANS, Wheeling: General McClellau requests to be informed as to what is the disposi- tion of and strength of your forces, having relation to iRomney and Moorefield. General Banks has pursued the enemy as far as Woodstock. He thinks Jacksons forces and those of Longstreet are being united for operations on either side of the mountains at Luray and Washington. Shields division is about Strasburg. Please communicate with Gen- erals Banks and Shields and co-operate with them, if necessary, and you can properly do so under your instructions. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 27, 1862. Major-General MCCLELLAN: Your attention is requested to the exposed condition of the Balti- more and Ohio road between Harpers Ferry and Martinsburg, which is now being repaired. The people along that line are represented as disloyal and hostile, and the engineer in charge and the president of the road report that there is no guard between Harpers Ferry and Martinsburg. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your telegram of this date respecting the exposed condition of a por- tion of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad between Harpers Ferry and Martinsburg has been received, and instructions will be immediately given for a suitable guard. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN, Major- General Page 22 22 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS, Seminary, March 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 5.30 i~. in.) Secretary of War: Five additional companies have been ordered to guard the railway between Harpers Ferry and Martinsburg. Prior to your dispatch I had supposed that General Banks had left sufficient troops for the pur- pose. My standing orders have looked to affording ample protection to the railway. Knowing General Banks as well as I do, I think prob- ably the railway people are unduly alarmed. I have nothing from Sum- ner since last night. GEG. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General Commanding. WAR DEPART1~fENT, Major-General MCCLELLAN: Wa8hington, March 27, 1862. The following order was made to-day respecting the Winchester road, which I hope will meet your views: Ordered, 1st. That the railroad between Harpers Ferry and Win- chester, and its appendages and appurtenances, be, and the same is hereby, taken possession of and held as a military railroad of the United States under the act of Congress, and it is placed under guard of the general commanding the Army of the Potomac. 2d. That the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company be, and they are hereby, authorized and required to repair said road and its appurte- nauces, and operate the same, keeping an accurate account of receipts and expenditures, to be rendered to this Department when required for adjustment of accounts. There is no news of any special interest. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS, Seminary, March 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 8.30 iz~. in.) Secretary of War: Your telegram of to-day in regard to Winchester Railroad is received. I think the course pursued is wise. I at once repeat the orders already given in regard to guarding the road. I am anxiously waiting news from Sumner; not one word from him to-day. GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major.General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Alexandria; March 27, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Strasburg: Dispatch received. Have not heard from Sumner since he left Cedar Creek this morning. Feel Jacksons rear guard smartly and push him well. I expect to hear from Sumner within an hour. GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General, U. S. Army Page 23 Ci~P. XXIV.) 23 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. SEMINARY, VA,, March 27, 186210.10 p. in. Major-General BANKs, AStrasburg: I have heard from Manassas reliable information that Sumner reached Warrenton Junction at 8.30 a. m. to-day and that all was quiet. I ex- pect a full report from Sumner in a few moments, and will transmit it to you. I judge from this that the enemy have definitely fallen back behind the Rappahannock. I may throw Sumner to the Rappahannock when I have learned the whole position of things, and have serious thoughts of pushing you to iNew Market, in order to determine the rebels to fall back entirely beyond the Rapidan, and perhaps to move your column farther toward Staunton. Think carefully of this, and ob- tain all possible information as to roads, supplies, & c., in your front. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN, Major. General. SEMINARY, March 27, 186211.35 p. m. Major-General BANKS, Strasburg: I advise that you send a reasonable cavalry force to observe the val- ley of the Lost River Fork of the Great Cacapon. I telegraph Rosecrans to-night, urging him to occupy Moorefield. This, with the observation of Lost Creek Valley, will make your right flank secure. GEG. B. MCCLELLAN, Major-General. SEMINARY, March 27, 186212 midnight. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: It is for some time essential that Moorefield, in Hardy County, Vir- ginia, should be occupied by about a regiment of infantry and three or four squadrons of cavalry. I request that orders may be given to the general commanding the Mountain Department not to abandon that position nor to allow the garrison to fall below the strength above in- dicated until I have advised you that ci~cumstances ha~re changed. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN, Major- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 28, 1862. To GENERAL COMMANDING MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Head quarters Wheeling, Va.: Occupy Moorefield, Hardy County, Virginia, with a regiment o~ in- fantry and three or four squadrons of cavalry until further order, and do not allow the garrison there to fall below the strength above indi- cated. Report immediately what force is at that point. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 24 24 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, Maj. Gen. JOHN ~. FRI~MONT, Washington, ifarch 28, 1862. Commanding Mountain Department, Wheeling, Va.: The telegram announcing your arrival at Wheeling has just been received, and I am glad to hear that you have safely reached your com- mand. The events at Winchester since you left Washington require that immediate attention should be given to the condition of your forces at Cumberland and along the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Co-operation with the forces in the contiguous department may be very essential. I desire an immediate statement of the force. on that line, and also of the state of your command, so as to furnish re-enforcements. Do you want the. staff mentioned in your memorandum left with me? ED WIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Major-General FR~MONT. Washington, March 28, 1862. Commanding Mountain Department, Wheeling, Va.: In addition to the instructions given this morning in respect to the Baltimore and Ohio road, Romney should be held by adequate force and an infantry guard kept at all the bridges west of the South Branch. The Western interest to maintain that road is very great. It is also of great importance to the Government for supplies and cheap rates of transportation and for sending re-enforcements to you. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. Hon. E. M. STANTON, WHEELING, March 2811 p. m. Secretary of War: Force already in position as follows: First. At Moorefield, Eighty. second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 893; Shaws First Virginia Cavalry, 82, en route, but not there yet. There are four companies First Connect. icut Cavalry, 3Q8; one section of artillery, 38. Total, 1,321. Second. At Bomney, four companies Potomac Home Brigade, 320; at New Creek or Paddytown, twelve companies Virginia Volunteer Infantry, 932; at and near Cumberlatid, Potomac Home Brigade Infantry, 573. Troops pretty well armed and equipped, and supplied with ammuni- tion, of which there is a considerable quantity at Cumberland. Along road between Grafton and Clarksburg force is about 1,100 men. Detailed statement of departments force mailed to Major-General Mc. Clellan on Tuesday, 25th. J. C. FIR~MONT, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Wheelin.q, March 28, 1862. Commanding Mountain Department, Wheeling: GENERAL: Inclosed are the copies of detailed statements of the Page 25 CIIAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 25 troops in this department furnished by order to the Secretary of War and copies of the last dispatches from and to Headquarters of the Army.* The following is a statement of the numbers and positions of the troops in General Scheucks district: 1. At Moorefield: Eighty-second Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 893; Shaws First Virginia Cavalry, 82, en route, but not yet there; four companies First Connecticut Cavalry, 308; one section of artillery, 38. Total for duty, 1,321. 2. At Bomney: Four companies Potomac Home Brigade, 320; twelve companies Virginia Volunteer Infantry, 932. 3. At and near Cumberland: Potomac Home Brigade, 573. These troops pretty well armed and equipped. They are supplied with ammunition, and there is considerable to do at Cumberland. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. S. ROSECRAKS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Alexandria, March 28, 1862. (Received 7 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have just had a full conversation with Mr. Garrett. I will direct another regiment to l)e detailed to guard the bridges of the railway between Harpers Ferry and the South Branch of the Potomac, and do all in my power to insure the safety of the road. I respectfully sug- gest that in addition to the order requiring General Fr6mont to keep a force at Moorefield he be also instructed to keep a party at Romney, and to maintain a suitable permanent iiintantry guard at all of the bridges west of the South Branch. I would also suggest that General Kelley would be a suitable person to take charge of the protection of the post of the railway in General Fr6monts department. GEG. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, D. C., March 28, 1862. Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN: General Fr~mont is already specifically, instructed to put General Kelley in command on the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Rosecrans received the order in respect to Mansfield and executed it. Fr6mont reached Wheeling to-day. The further instructions suggested I have just given. Report from Watson is encouraging from Fort Monroe. The signs indicate speedy attack from Merriinac, probably to- morrow. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. SEMINARY, March 28, 18625.30 p. m. (Received 7.15 p. in.) General R. B. MARCY: Please place an additional regiment of infantry at the disposal of * No inclosures fouud, but see pp. 912 Page 26 26 [ChAP. XXIV. OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. Colonel Miles to guard the railway from Harpers Ferry to the western limit of this department. Every bridge should have a permanent guard. Also give orders that a suitable force of cavalry shall constantly scout the approaches to that portion of the railway. The railway will proba. bly be fully open on Sunday. GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major-General. SEMINARY, March 28, 1862. (Received 9.35 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, & eretary of War: I have instructed General Williams to telegraph Mr. Morley to pro- cure at Baltimore the lumber requisite to rebuild the Manassas railway bridge of the Shenandoah. I would advise that Mr. McCallnm at once look into the practicability of connecting Winchester with Strasburg by a railway. If this can be done within a reasonable time it will be of immense advantage to us in a military point of view. The reptiirs of tke Manassas cfap Railway being completed and this new road built we would have easy control of that entire region. I would ask immediate attention to this very important matter. GEG. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General. ALEXANDRIA, March 28, 18622.10 p. m. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Commanding Fifth Go~ps, A3trasburg: Have just heard from Sumner.* His information meager. A strong reconnaissance was to be pushed from Warrenton Junction to the Rap- pahannock this morning. He had some slight skirmishing yesterday without loss on our side. He says he can take Warrenton without diffi. culty. I have authorized him to do so if the enemy have any troops there and he can do it without weakening the Junction too much. What news have you of the rebels in your front ~? I learn from Hooker that they are falling back from Fredericksburg. GEG. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General, U. ~. Army. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, March 28, 1862. General N. P. BANKS, Strasburg: The commanding general desires that you will acquaint him at once with the latest intelligence you have of the movements of the enemy. From all the information the commanding general has received he is satisfied that there is no rebel force of any size on this side of the Rap- pahannock. Where is the Third Brigade of your division ~ S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant- General. * See Series I, Vol XI, Part III, p. 45 Page 27 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 27 STRASBURG, March 28 1862. (Received 4.10 p. in.) General MARCY and General WILLIAMS: Your dispatch received late last night, in cipher. Enemy is about 4 miles below Woodstock. No re-enforcements received yet. Jackson has constant communication with Johnston, ~vho is east of mountains, probably at Gordonsville. The pickets are very strong and vigilant, none of the country people being allowed to pass the lines under any circumstances. The same rule is applied to troops, stragglers from Winchester not being admitted to their lines. We shall press them farther and quickly. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Gommanding. SEMINARY, March 28, 1862. General BANKS, Strasbury: General McClellan desires to be informed of the distribution of your troops; where your brigades are; how much artillery you have, and where it is, specifying the guns; how much cavalry you have and where; what is the strength of the different arms. The same is desired in rea- sonable detail of General Shields force. Is Colonel Brodheads Michi- gan Cavalry with you and wheres There is a report that one company of cavalry was taken prisoners in the recent fight; is it true? if so, what company was it? S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General. ALEXANDRIA, VA., March 29, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Strasbury: The commanding general is now prepared to leave here, but he awaits for affairs in your front to assume a definite shape. He desires you, therefore, to ascertain as soon as possible the intentions of the enemy. If he be in force, h~ wishes you to drive him from the valley of the Shenandoah. Please reply as early as practicable. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant- General STRASBURG, March 29, 1862. General S. WILLIAMS: No material change in position of enemy since my dispatch yester- day. Jackson is at Edenburg, 6 miles above Woodstock and same distance this side Mount Jackson. He has about 6,000, with some in- crease of militia; has constant communication with Johnston, who, I believe, is at Culpeper Court-House. Our scouts report this morning some preparations for defense at Edenburg. We do not credit report of Jacksons re-enforcements, but thinl~ he is ready to fall back. De- ficwncy of ammunition in Shields artillery detains us here; expect it hourly, when we shall push him sha~dy. No camp fires were observe Page 28 28 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. XXIV. last night in direction of rebel camp, and rear guard artillery is with. drawn this morning. General Scheuck reports one of his regiments at Moorefield, west of mountains. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ON BOARD COMMODORE, March 29, 1862.4.1() p. m. General N. P. BANKS, Commanding Fifth Corps, Stra8burg: The enemy burned the Orange and Alexandria Railway bridge over Rappahannock yesterday * on the appearance of a reconnaissance from Warrenton Junction. A division was found on south bank of the Rap- pahannock, but retired as soon as our artillery opened on them. Sum- ner is in force at Warrenton Junction and will keep his cavalry well out. I do not think the enemy in force on this side of Rapidan. I send you General [J. P.] Hatch with two regiments of cavalry; more will follow. GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General, Commanding. S WASHINGTON, March 29, 1862. Col. DIXON 5. MILES, ilarpers Ferry, Va.: One regiment of infantry and 400 cavalry will leave here to-day, with instructions to report to you for service upon the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad from Harpers Ferry to the western limits of the Department of the Potomac. General Shields has one company of cavalry at Martinsburg. If you think the 400 to be sent from here sufficient to guard all the approaches to the railroad within the limits mentioned, this company might be ordered to join General Shields. General Shields thinks one company should be at Martinsburg, one at Back Creek, one at Hancock, and one west of Hancock. Lient. Col. C. J. Kelley, commanding at Hancock, will be able to give you information as to the important l)Oints to es- t4dish guards west of Martinsburg. Please make such disposition of your forces as in your judgment will best secure the objects desired. R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff. WASHINGTON, March 29, 1862. Col. DIXON 5. MILES, Relay House, Md.: Your telegram just received. I sent a dispatch to you at Harpers Ferry this morning, informing you that a regiment of infantry and 400 cavalry would leave here to-day for Harpers Ferry to report to you for ___________ 4 * See Series I, VoL XI, Pare III, p. 47. Page 29 ChAP. XXIV I CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 29 duty upon the railroad between that point and the western limit of the Department of the Potomac. General McClellan desires that these troops be sent to the positions they are to occupy without a moments delay, as the road is now unprotected in many places, and subject to the depredations of disloyal people along the country. The four com- panies of the Tenth Maine should be placed on the Winchester road to-day, and if the road between Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry is not completed by the time the troops from here arrive they should be pushed forward by marching. Think, however that the road will be finished to-morrow. General McClellan regards this matter of great importance. B B. MARCY, Chief of Staff. WHEELING, March 29, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I can withdraw no troops for active operations from the Railroad District, as they are all required to guard the railroad and to secure the right wing of the Army of the Potomac. None can be taken from the District of Cheat Mountain, as it commands ingress from the eastward. The line through the Kanawha District is reported destitute of forage, and operations upon the railroad in that direction consequently difficult. Possibly 3,000 or 4,000 men can be withdrawn for service elsewhere. Re-enforcements are absolutely required for proposed operations, for which I prefer the line indicated by myself, and hope you will enable me to attempt it immediately. ~. ~. FR~MONT, Major-GeneraL ALEXANDRIA, VA., Alard& 29, 1862. Col. D. B. SACKET, Inspector-General, U. S. Army: COLONEL: Agreeably to orders, with Colonel Tyler, Fourth Connect- icut Volunteers, I proceeded to inspect the following forts on the south side of the Potomac: 1. Barnard.Armed with eight guns, as follows: Three 32-pounders; one 24-pounder barbette; one 24-pounder siege; one 30-pounder Parrott, and two 8-inch sea-coast howitzers. The armament, ammunition, para- pets, slopes, and abatis in good order. 2. Fort Richardson.I{ine guns, as follows: Two 24-pounder barbette; three 24-pounder siege guns; two 30-pouirder Parrotts, and two 10-inch siege mortars. One of the mortars is unserviceable from its trunnions being too large for the bed. One magazine leaks slightly. In other respe& ~s fort in good condition as to guns, ammunition, parapets, and abatis. 3. Fort Albany.Twelve guns, as follows: Eight 24-pounder bar- bette; two 6-pounder field, and two 24-pounder howitzers. The guns and ammunition and abatis in good condition. The sides of the ditche Page 30 30 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. by caving in has made the parapet so thin in some places as to be of no protection from the shot of the ordinary guns used in service. 4. Fort Craig.Seven guns: Five 24-pounder guns and two 24. pounder siege. Guns, ammunition, parapets, and abatis in good order. 5. Fort Tillinghast.Seven guns: Three 24-pounder siege; one 20- pounder Parrott; two 10-pounder Parrotts, and one 24-pounder fiel4 howitzer. All of the above-named forts are just being occupied by the Four- teenth Mas~iachusetts Volunteers, Colonel Greene. Not yet being fully in possession, the gunners could not be exercised. The armament, am- munition, parapets, and abatis of Fort Tillinghast are in good order. 6. Fort Ga8s.Flve guns: Two 24-pounder siege guns; two 20-pounder Parrotts, and one 24-pounder field howitzer; garrisoned by a company of Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, Lieutenant Ward, 74 strong. Guns, ammunition, parapets, and abatis in good order. Men well instructed. The captain of this company has been absent since after the battle of Bull iRun on sick report, and now nominally on recruiting service, though not getting any recruits, except three, during a period of several months. Lieutenant Ward has brought the company to a very fine state of discipline and efficiency, and it would be to the interest of the service if Capt. A. J. Langworthy were discharged the service. 7. Fort Woodbury.Five guns: Two 24-pounder barbette; two 24- pounder siege, and one 24.pounder field howitzer. This fort is not garri- soned, having an ordnance sergeant and two sentinels. The slopes are caving in. One of the magazines is flooded with water, the ammunition all being stored in the other one. The guns, ammunition, and abatis in good order. 8. Fort Dc Kalb..Nine guns: One 24-pounder barbette; four 24. pounder siege; two 24-pounder field howitzer, and two 24-pounder flank- ing howitzers. No garrison; an ordnance sergeant and two sentinels. Slopes washing; guns, ammunition, and abatis in good order. All of the above-named forts being now newly occupied, or the gar- risons soon to take possession, will require definite instructions, which will be required in writing, as verbal instructions, if not repeated peri- odically, are of little weight. An artillery officer should have a general supervision of these forts, who should see that the instructions are obeyed, and he should make written reports that stated inspections are made, noting the condition of material and works and efficiency of gar- rison. These works are in general good condition for field works, considering the season of the year; well armed and supplied with ammunition. The proper manning of these works and their efficiency in case of attack will depend on the officers having the future charge of the troops occupying them. The works are good and well armed. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, N. B. SWELTZER, Lieutenant-Colonel and Aide-de- Camp. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. ARMY OP THE POTOMAC~ No. 95. f Near Alexandria & minary, Va., March 29,1862. Col. Dixon 5. Miles, Second Infantry, in addition to his present duties, is assigned to the duty of protecting the line of the Baltimore and Ohi Page 31 ChAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, 1~TC.UNION. 31 Railway from Baltimore to the western limits of the Department of the Potomac. He will establish his headquarters for the present at Har- pers Ferry. By command of Major-General McClellan: Assi8tant Adjutant-General. STRASBtTRG, March 30, 1862. General WILLIAMS: Your dispatch received. Will commence movements suggested im- mediately. Heavy firing was heard yesterday, apparently from the west. We are unable to locate artillery in that direction, and think it might have been on the east, the mountains changing the apparent direction of the sound. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. STRASBURG, March 30, 1862. General WILLIAMS: Colonel Gearys command was ordered to White Plains, on the line of the Manassas road, to work this way. We need some force on that line to repair the bridges, which are small. If you can communicate with him please give him this direction. How soon may we look for the lumber for the bridges? The bridges for troops, artillery, & c., will be completed in a few days to Front Royal. This work will not inter- fere with the suggestions of your last nights dispatch. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WAn DEPARTMENT, March 30, 1862. Major-General Fm~MoNT, Wheeling: Your telegram just received. Please indicate the line of operations you propose and what additional force you require. Your memoranda [following] left with me offered no indication of any specific plan of operations. The Adjutant.General has been directed to make out the appointments of your staff according to your own wishes. The opera- tions around Washington since your departure from this city will ren- der it very difficult to furnish any additional troops immediately, but no effort will be spared to supply your wants. EDWIN M. STANTON Secretary of ~War Page 32 32 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. Propo8ed position of troops under General Fr6nont. ~i. . ~ 0 a 3 a - Q FOR OCCUPATIOR OF POSTS. To remain inRailrocui District (General Kelleija command). 6th Virginia Railroad Regiment 1,347 . . 11th Virginia 614 . . 2d Fototitac Home Brigade. 763 One company Virginia cavalry 84 Johnsons battery 1 2,724 84 1 Cheat Mountain District: 10th Virginia Infantry ~ ~ 800 Valley of Virginia: 3d Poton)ac Home Brigade 333 2d, 3d, and 5th Virginia Infantry ~ ~ 2,400 2,733 District of the Kanawha: 4th Virginia Infantry 860 . ...... 9th Virginia Infantry... 666 Four companies cavalry . 280 . Battery ~ 1 1,426 280 1 7,683 364 2 POE FIELI)- OPERATIONS. General Blenkers division 8,400 600 3 General Schencks command 2,400 370 2 10,800 970 5 To commence with General Milroys brigade .~ 8,500 100 2 14, 300 1, 070 7 To continue with General Coxs division 7,500 800 3 Grand total 21,800 1,870 10 WHEELING, March 30, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, 8ecretary of War: Dispatch received. 1 extract from the suggestions submitted by me to the Secretary.on the 19th instant paragraph No. 4, as follows: Assuming that it is the desire of the Government that the first object of the corn- nianding general shall be to take possession of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, and either hold the same and employit in transportation of our own troops and stores or prevent its use by the enemy, the corps dYarm6e should march through the open land of Kentucky and East Tennessee directly upon Cumberland Gap or Knoxville,. and so turn the position which the enemy may have assumed or determined upon in the mountains or defiles of the Alleghanies. It will therefore become necessary to concentrate troops at Nicholasville, Ky. Nicholasville is a point having railroad connections direct with Louisville and Cincinnati, and in better communication with all parts of the North. The roads from there to Knoxville are good and the country abundant in forage. Will the Secretary authorize me to receive from any Governor of the Western States any disposable troops they may have? I urge this to enable me to move. Being now in command of my department, I as Page 33 CHAP. Xxiv.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 33 the Secretary to order, subject to my control, all the force operating within it. J. (3. FRflMONT, Major-GeneraL WAR DEPARTMENT, March 30, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: Your request for authority to draw treops from the Governors of States has been submitted to the President and will be answered to- morrow. That method of obtaining re-enforcements is subject to grave objections, and will not be accorded if the force can be furnished from the troops now in the field, unless to a limited and specific extent, What number of troops do you desire in addition to your present force and from what States can you procure them? EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. Hon. E. M. STANTON, WHEELING, VA., March 3010 p. m. Secretary of War: I can do good work if you will let me have immediately 20~000 men. I suppose some force may be had from Wisconsin, Ohio, and Michigan in Ohio, one fine infantry regiment, two batteries of artillery; in Wis- consin, Barstows cavalry regiment, at Racine. There was a few weeks since a battery (Coidwater Artillery) in Michigan. Pray let me have 10,000 or 12,000 men from the East, so that I may take the field im- mediately. J. C. I~RflMONT, Major-General, Commanding. STRASBUIiG, VA., March 31, 1862. General S. WILLIAMS: Our supplies have in part arrived. We shall move to-morrow morn- ing at daybreak. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. STRASBURG, March 31, 18625.30 p. m. General S. WILLIAMS: Three brigades of Shields division, with one of Williams and all artil- lery, are in front of Strasbnrg, with one of Williams in rear. Advance brigade 5 miles beyond town. Outposts 2 miles farther, near Maurer- town. Shields division in great part are shoeless; and artillery ammu- nition wanted, which is hourly expected. Can move to-morrow morn- ing if desired, but shall be better prepared next day. Cavalry not yet arrived. Reply delayed in hopes of arrival of supplies, that would 3 R RVOL XII, PT II Page 34 34 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA~ AIfl) MD. LCHAP. XXIV. make matter decisive. We are ready, if necessary. No essential change in position of enemy. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commandir& g. [MARCH 31, 1862.For Lincoln and Stanton to McClellan see Series I, \ToL~V, pp. 58, 62, and Vol. XI, Part III, p. 52. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, March 31, 1862. Major-General FRgMoNT, Wheeling: I am vigorously urging the President for leave to send you 17,000 troopsinfantry, cavalry, artillery, and pontoon train. He will decide to-day. EDWI}T M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HuTTONSYILLE, VA., March 31, 1862. (Received Wheeling, Va., April 1, 1862.) Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding: Refugees continue to come in squads of from 5 to 25, in great desti- tution. Some have enlisted in Virginia regiments and some employed by me on roads. Twelve, arrived this day from Pocahontas, report that impressment is continuing, and assure me of strong Union feeling in Pocahontas, Highland, Greenbrier, Bath, Alleghany, and Rocking- ham Counties. They implore our protection and pray for assistance; was on point of giving them relief two weeks since, but in obedience to orders I deferred it. Three fugitive slaves from Highland, just in state 80 wagons passed Monterey last Friday for Camp Alleghany, and heard their master, a Colonel Kincaid, say that enemy were going to move. Sent scouts to watch movements. Telegraph between this and Cheat Top not working. Last week guerrillas, 300, attacked Union set- tlement in Pendleton; were repelled by 75 Union citizens; were re-en- forced and drove back the citizens. Have sent 300 men, under Major Webster, of Twenty-fifth Ohio, to assist them. R. H. MILBOY, Brigadier-General. CHARLESTON, March 31, 1862. Maj. Gen. J. C. FR~MONT, Wheeling: My latest information is that only a small force of 400 or 500 men hold Lewisburg, and these are ordered to collect the cattle of that vicinity and drive them to Jackson River Station, and to burn the forage in Grecubrier County which they cannot carry off. Some force is reported at Jackson Station, but nothing definite. From its rail- road connection with Staunton the number of troops there is variable, according to apparent exigencies. The roads are rapidly settling now Page 35 Cnip. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 35 and a week of good weather will make them tolerably good, except at the extremities, where they have been constantly used during the winter. On the Kewbern and Wythevile roads my reports are as follows: At mouth of Blue Stone, 250 men; at 3 miles up Blue Stone, 200 men and one iron 6-pounder; both camps with breastworks and abatis. On Flat Top Mountain Frenchs company of cavalry, and a few cavalry and infantry at Princeton. These are manifestly mere posts of obser- vation and will make no serious resistance. At Kewbern it is supposed the forces in that vicinity, with such re- enforcements as can be spared from Lynchburg, will be concentrated with a view to hold the railroad. The road from Gauley Bridge to Raleigh is bad; from Raleigh to Gladesville pretty good; from. Glades- ville to Wytheville it is very rough, and broken in places by land slides and passes through very hard defiles, but from Gladesville, via Prince- ton and Pearisburg, to Kewbern it is reported passable. Humphrey Marshall is reported to have concentrated his troops at Moccasin Gap, northwest of Abingdon. I cannot learn his number, but suppose them to be about 2,000. I greatly regretted to hear of General Garfields removal from East- ern Kentucky. He is one of our best officers and was very desirous of serving under your command. I do not believe the rebels have 5,000 men under arms from Abingdon to Lewisburg. If the roads get once well settled I am confident the Lewisbnrg and I{ewbern routes can both be used by pretty heavy columns. Both Gauley Bridge and Fayette Court-House are safe depots now for stores, and as the roads this side of those places are the worst, I suggest the accumulation of supplies there at an early day. Sibley tents are the only ones we have except a few common tents, and not over two-thirds of the command are supplied with any. Not knowing who is your adjutant-general, I address you directly, and am most happy to report to you for orders. ~. D. ~ Brigadier General Comdg. Di8trict of the Kanawha. CHARLESTON, March 31, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FRI~MONT, Wheeling: Since writing my dispatch of this morning I have news from Colonel Scammon, commanding brigade at Fayette and Raleigh, that the rebels, 1,000 strong, had gathered at Flat Top Mountain and had carried off some Union men from that vicinity. They make headquarters at Prince- ton and unite for predatory movements in different directions. By General Rosecrans consent I had determined to move Colonel Bolles Second Virginia Cavalry to Raleigh Court-House as soon as the roads would permit forage to be hauled there, as there is none in that vicinity. I submit the matter to you, and will have a report from Colonel Scam- mon to-day as to the condition of the roads from Gauley out. Colonel Scammon is urgent for cavalry, but I have regarded small expeditions as of little value, preferring not to use the roads more than is necessary till they become settled. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District Page 36 36 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CoRPs, No. 5. ~ Year Atexandria Seminary, Va., March 31,1862. It is the intention of the major-general commanding the Army of the Potomac that the three divisions of the First Army Corps near its head. quarters shall embark together atAlexandriafor the Lower Chesapeake, to disembark most probably under fire, and to enter at once upon active hostilities. The time and order of the embarkation will be the subject of a future order. The divisions will be put into transports with this view, their embar- kation to be superintended by each division commander. Each division will take with it all its artillery, and the regiments of cavalry now with the troops will embark with the divisions to which they are at present attached. There wilt be prepared five days cooked rations, to be issued to the men, and three to be kept in bulk with each company for issne to the men immediately preceding their disembarkation. In addition, four days will be taken in bulk by each brigade. Commanders of divisions will give such orders as will insure 40 rounds of ammunition in each cartridge box and 20 rounds in each mans knap- sack (unless wagon transportation can be got for them). The remain- ing 40 (or 60, as the case may be) will be taken in bulk by each brigade, making in all 100 rounds per man. Forage for four days for all the public animals and for officers horses, exclusive of that required for them in transports, will be taken by each brigade, one of the brigades to take enough for the division head- quarters. The reserve ammunition for the artillery (100 rounds), the 40 rounds of infantry ammunition, the four days provisions in bulk for each bri- gade, and the four days forage will be placed, for each brigade, in a separate vessel, which will constitute a brigade depot until a perma- nent one can be established. These will be so placed that each article may be obtained through separate hatchways, and so arranged that articles of the same kind shall be over each other, to facilitate the pro- curement of the same. The surplus room on these vessels will be filled up in equal propor- tion of days consumption of subsistence and forage; and it will be the duty of division commanders to see that these vessels are stored by brigade quartermasters and commissaries in the mode prescribed above. It is understood that the boats can be obtained on application to the quartermaster in Washington (Colonel Bucker), and the necessary sub- sistence ~nd forage may also be procured from the Subsistence and Quartermasters Departments on the requisitions of the division com- manders. The chief quartermaster, chief commissary, medical director, and ordnance officer will take the necessary steps to establish, at the earliest practicable moment, depots for forage, subsistence, medicines and hos- pital st~ores, and ammunition at some convenient point or points suffi- cient to keep the entire corps supplied with these things, and the chiefs of their departments at division headquarters are to be informed of the location of these depots. Requisitions for ammunition, subsistence, and forage, approved by division commanders, will, without further reference, be filled at the depots indicated as above. As soon as possible after the disembarkation of the corps means of laud transportation must be procured by the chief quartermaste Page 37 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 37 sufficient for its ulterior operations. Arrangements must be made for this in advance, so that no time may be lost for want of it. Commanders of divisions will see that the Army Regulations for troops on board of transports, as far as they are applicable to them, are ob- served by their respective commands. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BREOK, A88i8tant Adjutant-General. Abstract from Return of the Mountain Department, Maj. Gen. John C. Fr6mont command. ing, for March, 1862. Presentfordnty. ~ ~ Remarks. Command. e sa 0 ~ -~ ~ Cumberland Division 93 2,090 2,506 3,075 Brigadier-General Schenok. District of the Kanawha 375 8,813 11,223 12,734 Brigadier-General COL District of Cheat Mountain.. - 171 3,994 4,887 5,091 Brigadier-General Mllroy Miscellaneous garrisons, & c~ 112 2,650 3,268 4,097 751 17, 547 21,884 25,597 - HEADQUARTERS Au~ OF THE POTOMAC, Steamer Commodore, April 1, 186211.50 p. m. Maj. Gen. K. P. BANKS, Stra8bUrg: Have given General Sumner discretionary orders to move two bri- gades of Blenkers to Strasburg to-morrow to report to you. Written instructions by mail.t Blenker is ordered to Fr6mont, but will remain a few days until affairs are settled in your front. GEG. B. McCLELLAN, Major- General, Commanding. [Ar~IL 1, 1862.For McClellans approximate estimate of troops, and the organization of Banks and McDowells corps, see Series I, Vol. Y, pp. 21, 60, 61.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, Steamer Commodore, April 1, 186212 oclock. General E. V. SUMNER. if you learn of 4,000 men being about to join you at Manassas from General Wadsworths command you can detach two brigades of Blen * Baltimore and Ohio and Northwestern Virginia Railroads, Camp Carlisle, Clarks- burg, Grafton, Weston, and Wheeling. tSee McClellan to Banks, April 1, Part I, p. 234 Page 38 38 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W~VA.~ AND MD. (CRAP. XXIV. kers division, under General Blenker, and send them by the shortest route to Strasburg. Upon this force reaching you at Manassas, if mat. ters be entirely quiet in front, you may at once proceed to Fort Monroe, leaving General Abercrombie in command, and assume command of the two divisions of your corps. Let General Blenker, upon reaching Strasburg, report to General Banks for instructions. GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major-General, Commanding. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. ARMY OP THE POTOMAC, No. 99. J Steamer Commodore, Potomac River, April 1,1862. By direction of the President Brig. Gen. Louis Blenker and the divis- ion under his command, at the earliest practicable moment, will be re- lieved from duty with the Army of the Potomac and transferred to the Mountain Department. In the mean while General Blenker will re- ceive special instrnctions for his guidance from General Sumner, who will immediately send two brigades of his division, under General Blenker, to Strasburg to report to General Banks for temporary serv- ice, and upon being relieved by him to proceed to Winchester and report for instructions to the Adjutant-General of the Army. The remaining brigade, as soon as the troops drawn from the Railway Brigade, Colonel Miles, reach Manassas, will proceed by the shortest practicable route to rejoin General Blenker. By command of Major-General McClellan: Assistant Adjutant-General. CHARLESTON, April 1, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Wheeling: Some refugees, escaping from the militia draft in Greenbrier County, came in last evening, and confirm my report of yesterday in regard to rebel troops at Lewisburg. They report further that the militia of six adjacent counties were ordered to rendezvous at Lewisburg on Thurs- day last, and to escape this levy they ran away. They did not know of any arms for this levy, and reported the general belief to be that they would be marched east. Colonel Scammon reports the roads from present head of navigation (Loup Creek) to Raleigh as still very bad. No further news from that direction. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District of the Kanawha. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 1, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. H. MILROY, Huttoneville: Received yesterdays dispatch. There is a possibility that the rebel forces under General Johnson, now operating on the line of Staunton, Harrisonburg, and Edenburg, may either voluntarily throw themselves into Pendleton and Highland Counties or be forced into the same emer- gency. You will therefore use the utmost caution in your operations Page 39 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 39 but obtain all possible information about the enemys strength and movements. J. 0. FR1~MONT. in [APRIL 2, 1862.For B. S. Alexanders instructions to F. R. Munther relation to the fortification of Manassas, see Series I, Vol. V, p. 65.1 WOODSTOCK, VA., April 2, 18625 p. m. ~eneral B. B. MARCY: Our advance occupies Edenburg. Some skirmishing to-day. Other. wise affairs are quiet. No change in position of enemy, who is near Mount Jackson. N. P. BANKS, Major-General. FORT MONROE, April 3, 1862. General BANKS: Your dispatch of yesterday received. The commanding general is much pleased with your vigorous pursuit of the enemy, and he desires you to push him on as far as New Market, from which point he would not be likely to return. You are authorized to retain Colonel Hollidays cavalry for the short time you desire. The Vermont cavalry can re- main at Strasburg to rest their horses. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., [April 3, 1862]8 p. m. Colonel SORRIVER Chief of Staff, headquarters McDowells Corps, near Seminary: The order for the First Corps to go below is countermanded by the President. It goes to the front by land. Issue the following order: Brigadier-General Franklin will throw forward his division to Ma- nassas Junction, and thence beyond, on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, to relieve any troops of Brigadier-General Sumners corps or reoccupy the positions it may have left. The cavalry and a battery will be put in motion to-morrow via Fair- fax Court-House and Centreville. Forage will be taken for them on the railroad. A brigade of infantry and Brigadier.General Woodburys brigade of engineers will be sent forward to-morrow by railroad from near the seminary. They will take with them their tents and provisions for three days. The wagons attached to the brigade will accompany the cavalry and artillery. The remainder of the division will follow as soon as possible the next day. Embodied in General Orders, No.6, Headquarters First Army Corps, of same date Page 40 40 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Brigadier-General Franklin will accompany the advance of his di- vision, and establish his headquarters as soon as possible at or near Warrenton Junction. Bayards cavalry returns to the First Corps. Do not let it embark. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. WHEELING, April 3, 1862. Hon.~E. M. STANTON, AS~eeretary of War: We have lost an opportunity to capture the force at Camp Baldwin for want of horses to move the batteries under General Milroy. I ought to have power to order the means necessary to the movements of my troops, and I ask you to give it to me. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major-General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 4, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: You will make requisitions for whatever you deem necessary for the troops under your command upon the Quartermaster-General or the chiefs of other departments or bureaus, who will receive instructions in relation thereto from the Secretary of War. This is the mode prescribed by law and regulation, and practiced by the commanders of all other departments. Experience proves that it is sufficient for all purposes, and the only mode consistent with a proper regard to public expendi- ture. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WHEELING, April 4, 1862. Hon. Mr. STANTON: Your dispatch of this morning received. What I desire is that you wili direct to be furnished upon my order whatever may be necessary for the troops under my command. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Wheeling, Va., April 4, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Sn~: I ask your attention to the general condition of this depart- ment and to certain requirements which seem essential to the efficiency of its forces. The quartermasters department has been for a long time and still is greatly embarrassed for want of funds. Its credit is impaired by its indebtedness, which already amounts to more than half a million Page 41 Cii~i. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 41 Farmers who hold claims for forage and other supplies are seriously incommoded, and in some instances distressed, by the non-payment of their demands. Those along our line of operations refuse to bring in supplies, which consequently have to be brought from a distance over roads which the season makes almost impassable, and. in some parts impracticable, for wheeled carriages. This necessity for transportation is further increased by the fact that the interior of the country has been the field of operations for both armies, and is in consequence about destitute of supplies. Under the circumstances the chief quar. termaster anticipates the greatest difficulty in supplying our advance postsa difficulty which will be further increased by the necessity, now imperative, for advanced movements on our part. The number of animals in the department fit for use has become so reduced as to interfere seriously with the movements of the troops and lately to check them effectually. In addition to the horses which Gen- eral Meigs, in his answer to my requisition, tells me he has ordered for Johnsons and Rigbys batteries, horses are required for other batteries, in order that they may be in a condition to be used: For the Third Yirginia Battery, 130 horses; cor Captain Hymans battery of First Ohio Artillery, 50 horses; for MeMnIlins battery, First Independent Ohio, 40 horses; for Simmonds battery, detached from First Kentucky, 50 horses. I have to ask that you will order horses to be supplied for these, as well as those called for in Major Clarys requisition, which has been laid before you. For the want of these I think it safe to say the effi- ciency of the department has been to a certain extent neutralized. Officers commanding our advance posts inform me of the gathering of rebel cavalry and infantry at various places in Pendleton, Pocahon- tas, Greenbrier, and other counties. Governor Peirpoint just now informs me that a guerrilla force is be- ing organized to act through the mountains, with the object mainly to plunder and harass Union citizens. Indications along our entire line go to show that the rebel force in our front is preparing to withdraw. Last night General Milroy was ordered to advance with the intention of occupying Fort Baltimore [Alleghany], and generally now it seems that on our part movement8 in advance have become necessary. Respectfully, ~-. ~. FRI~MONT, Major-General, Commanding. WOODSTOCK, April 4 [18621. Brigadier-General WILLIAMS, Eort Monroe: By the unexpected detachment of Abercrombies brigade and other details necessarily made our effective force of infantry is reduced below 11,000, our cavalry less than 1,000. This is too small a force for the work we have in hand. Shields division reports 6,000 and Williams less than 5,000 fit for duty. Cannot Abererombies brigade, the strong- est and best of the corps, be ordered back to this line? Our line covers more than 60 miles, and detachmentS seem to be required everywhere to guard roads, bridges, and railways. The citizens rate our forces from 12,000 to 20,000. N. P. BANKS, Major-General Page 42 42 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. WOODSTOCK, April 4, 1862. General S. WILLIAMS, A88i8tant Adjutant-General, Fort Monroe: No material change in position of enemy. Is near Mount Jackson with heavy guns, and report says re-enforced by a brigade of 3,000. We were 60 miles in advance of our supplies, owing to the failure of the railway. It is now working, and our supplies rapidly coming. At the earliest possible moment the directions of the commanding general will be followed. A halt was necessary, as we had not a days rations. Our troops occupy Edenburg. N. P. BANKS Major. General, (Jommanding. SEMINARY, April 4,1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The fifth regiment of my six which were to go has just st& rted, fill. ing up all transportation available for to-day. I have instructed Gen. eral Slocum to relieve General Sumners men wherever he finds them. It is now 4.40 p. m. No chance for any more cars until midnight. Please have orders given for the transportation of 8,000 infantry to. morrow morning as soon as practicable. I have set 8 oclock for the hour of starting. General Slocum will relieve General Sumner, if you think proper. If possible it is advisable to have a man to whom I can refer for some in- formation about the trains. They were more than an hour late and at the wrong place, though the men were punctual and at the right place that is, opposite General Sumners old headquarters. I go to-morrow morning and my baggage has gone to-night; but there is no safety, I find, in depending upon the transportation without personal looking after. W. B. FRANKLIN, Brigadier- General. CHARLESTON, April~4, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR]~MONT, Wheeling: Colonel Scammon, commanding brigade at Fayette, is very urgent to be permitted to advance to Princeton, saying that the point can easily be taken and held now, and that it will prevent the enemys re- cruiting and drafting in that neighborhood, & c. I am of his opinion. If you permit the movement I will move forward portions of my divis- ion so as to keep supports at Fayette and Raleigh and keep things snug and well in hand in that vicinity. The report of a thousand of the enemy at Flat Top dwindled to a moderate detachment from Prince- ton, as I suspected. All reports from the front confirm the report be- fore sent you. I will forward by next mail a full report of the condition and state of preparation of the forces in my command. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding Di8trict of Kanawh Page 43 CHAP. XXIV.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 43 WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. 0., April 4, 1862. Ordered, 1st. That portion of Virginia and Maryland lying between the Mountain Department and the Blue Ridge shall constitute a mili- tary department of the Shenandoah, and be nuder the command of Major-General Banks. 2d. That portion of Virginia east of the Blue Ridge and west of the Potomac and the Fredericksburg and Richmond I ~aili-oad, incJ.udiug the District of Columbia and the country between thePotomac and Patuxent, shall be a military district to be called the Department of the iRappa- hannock, and be under the command of Major. General McDowell. By order of the President: EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, No. 7. ) April 4, 1862. Brigadier-General King will move with his division, via Fairfax Court-House, Centreville, and Manassas Junction, to Bristoe, and will commence the march this afternoon in season to reach some convenient place beyond Anuandale to-night. He will take three days rations, all the beef cattle on hand, and forage sufficient for the march. Subsist- ence and forage will be found at Bristoe. The general will move with his division baggage in rear of the troops, except a rear guard, which will follow this train. He will see that there is no straggling, and that the march is conducted in the most orderly, soldier-like manner. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. P WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 5, 1862. Major-General BANKS, Strizsburg: There was no error by you. Intelligence was received here that the railroad budge was in danger from a rebel force in the neighborhood, and my inquiry was made to ascertain the position of the forces. The cavalry were ordered back to secure the position. A new department has been createdthe Shenandoahunder your command. I desire a consultation with you and General McDowell whenever you can safely leave your command. Please report the position of your com- mand immediately and when you can be here. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WooDsTocK, April 5, 18627 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your dispatch of this morning duly received. I am very much grati- fied with the order making the Shenandoah Valley a new department Page 44 44 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. XXIV. Unless you think it absolutely necessary I shall hesitate to leave my post at present, but will give you full report of my forces, their posi- tions, and those of the enemy. Captain Hunt, of Engineer Gorps, left here to-day. He understands perfectly the position of affairs in this valley and my own views and plans, and at my request will report to you on Tuesday next. You will find him to be very intelligent and well posted as to the aspect of military affairs, and I commend his views to your favorable consideration. N. P. BANKS, Major. General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Near Alexandria fieminary, April 5, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: The advanced brigade of Franklins division and one of the regiments of Woodburys Engiueer Brigade got just beyond Manassas by railroad yesterday. The artillery and cavalry of his division are on the march via Fairfax Court-House and Centreville, and will reach Manassas to-day. Four of the trains which took out the first brigade were all blocked up this morning between Fairfax Station and Manassas, being out of wood and water. They have since been supplied, and are now back. Franklins second brigade moves this morning. I have a report from General King this morning that his division, which left yesterday afternoon, will bivouac at Bull Run to-night and Bristoe to-morrow. If it continues to rain he may be temporarily de- layed at Bull Run till he can repair the partially destroyed bridges. McCalls division will succeed Kings. To insure promptness, concert of action, and that I may be able to afford understandingly all the aid of the troops, and at the same time avail myself to the best advantage of the resources which the Depart. ment has prepared for the purpose, I beg to suggestthat the officei~s of the military rail department be sent with me, so that the road may be rebuilt in the shortest possible time and operated with the greatest dispatch and safety. Would not the working down south over a line of railway against efforts of the enemy of a large body of troops in the shortest possible time be an operation sufficiently interesting and absorbing to induce Mr. McCallum to accompany the army ~? His fertility in resources and his great energy would, I should think, find abundant occupation. General Wadsworth suggests that he might find it practicable as well as. agreeable to come. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major.General. ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, Washington, April 5, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Brigadier-General Abercrombie telegraphed from Warrenton Junc- tion yesterday as follows: Colonel Geary has just arrived at this point, and will proceed to-morrow to Warren- ton on his return to White Plains, as ordered. He reports a practicable route fo Page 45 CHAP. XXIV.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 45 General Blenker to Strasburg direct, thereby saving a long march via Little River turnpike; he also reports the enemy in some forceinfantry, artillery, and cavalry between The Plains and Warrenton. This would protect my right, which I deem im- portant, as I have reason to believe 10,000 foot and 600 or 700 cavalry soldiers are within less than half a days march of me. The force at Manassas is beyond support- ing distance on account of bad roads. L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 5, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Woodstock: The enemy at Fort Alleghany were 2,600 strong; they were retreat- ing also from Huntersville, Monterey, and generally along our front. We judge to concentrate at Staunton. J. 0. FR1~MONT. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF TilE KANAWHA, Charleston, Va., April 5, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding Mountain Department: GENERAL: Under orders from headquarters of the Department of Western Virginia, when under command of Brigadier-General Rose- crans, my district comprises the valley of the Great Kanawha and its tributaries, the Gauley and New Rivers, and all of Western Virginia south of the Kanawha. The troops in it are scattered from Summer- ville to Ceredo, in the quarters they have occupied during the winter. They consist of eleven Ohio and three Virginia regiments of infantry, the Second Virginia Cavalry, three companies of cavalry separately detached from other regiments, and nominally three batteries of artil- lery. Of the infantry, the three Virginia regiments are quite new; one of them (the Eighth Virginia) not yet full, and none of them have had the experience, drill, or discipline to make them very reliable troops in the field at present. Of the Ohio regiments, the Eleventh has only nine companies; the others are full, so far as organization is concerned, though mo~.t of them could receive many recruits without exceeding the allowed number of rank and file. The Ohio regiments have all had some experience in the field, and notwithstanding their service has been in a mountainous region, where their opportunities for drill have been very limited, I have great confidence that they will prove reliable troops in any field. These regiments have not been brigaded since last fall. On going into winter quarters the old brigade organizations were broken up, except Colonel Scammons, at Fayette, and the troops have since been reported and treated as post garrisons. The locality and present numbers of the different posts will be seen by reference to my weekly report of the division. The cavalry have but little of the proper efficiency or value of that arm, neither officers nor men having had the opportunities of acquiring proficiency in drill. They are serviceable as vedettes and messengers and for the purpose of keeping the country quiet after occupation by our troops, and Colonel Bolles regiment (Second Virginia) has done good service in chasing down parties of the enemy that have bee Page 46 46 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (Onir. XXIV. broken or put in retreat by our infantry. I suppose they will not differ greatly from most of the new cavalry regiments. The artillery consists of McMullins battery at Fayette Court-House, Simmonds battery at Gauley Bridge, a howitzer battery at Tompkins farm, and some scattered pieces. McMullius battery consists of two bronze 6-pounder smooth guns, two 10-pounder Parrott guns, and four mountain howitzers, 12-pounders. This battery has very little ammunition on hand; needs 14 horses, with harness, for the smooth guns, caissons, and forge. When fully equipped it Will be efficient. Simmonds battery consists of three 10-pounder Parrotts, two bronze rifled James guns. 10-pounders, one iron smooth 6 pounder (captured from Wise), and has, besides, under its care two 20-pounder Parrotta and one smooth bronze 6-pounder. Captain Simmonds has not men enough to man more than six pieces. His company was an infantry company in the First Kentucky Regiment, and was transferred to the artillery by consent of the Secretary of War. They did good service through all of the last campaign, and are thoroughly reliable. At Tompkins farm, Gauley Mountain, there is a mountain howitzer battery (six 12-pounders) formerly belonging to Captain Macks com- pany, of the Regular Army, but whichis now manned by a detachment of the Forty-seventh Ohio Volunteers at that post. I cannot speak of its efficiency. At Camp Piatt (10 miles above here) the Forty-fourth Ohio has one 10-pounder Parrott, manned by a detachment of the regiment. They serve it pretty well, but have no horses. At Gnyandotte the Ninth Virginia Volunteers have two bronze smooth 6-pounders, with full equipments, recently sent them from Washington. They are ordered to man the guns with a detachment from the line. The ordnance sergeant of this district has made a requisition for the ammunition necessary to fill up the caissons of these batteries, but no provision is made for a supply on which to draw as needed. This should (for operations on this line) be placed at Gauley Bridge, where it could be safely stored. The James shot and shell do not perform satisfac- torilynot half the percussion shell explode, and the flying off of the leaden packing of both shell and shot not only is dangerous to troops of our own, if fired over their heads, but from the uneven and uncer- tain manner in which this packing leaves the projectile in its flight no accuracy of practice seems attainable. I am told that a new projectile is being introduced (Schenkl) which Captain Simmonds is desirous of using, it being of the same caliber as the James shot and shell, and as he thinks has been proved to be free from the objections to the latter. I know nothing of it myself, but am dissatisfied with the James pro- jectiles, having seen shell with exactly sam~ range and careful pointing of the piece vary 30 or 40 yards from the proper line of flight, firing at a target only 1,000 or 1,200 yards distant. You will find on file in the office of the ordnance officer at Wheeling a statement I forwarded some time since showing the kind and caliber of small-arms in the hauds of our infantry. From it you will see that in several of the regiments there are two sorts of weapons. I have de- sired to have this changed so that no regiment may have more than one sort of weapon or be oiAiged to carry more than one caliber of am- munition in its stores. Uncertainty of supplies and mistakes in issuing are almost inseparably consequent on the present arrangement. There should be also at Gauley Bridge a depot of small-arm ammunition Page 47 CRAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 47 The requisitions now in are only intended to make a supply of lOG rounds per man to each regiment. In the cartridges issued to this com mand the quantity of powder has been short in nearly half the 69 caliber rifled-musket ammunition, its place being supplied by paper. The quantity is so deficient as not to send a ball through an inch pine board at 200 yards in numerous instances. The Second Virginia Cavalry are partly supplied with pistols, carbines, and partly with Enfield rifles; the latter, though short, being a muzzle loading weapon, is not suited for mounted service. It is hoped Sharps carbines may be obtained for the whole regiment. Schambecks company of Illinois cavalry, at Gauley Bridge, need about 40 horses to mount the troop. Requisitions have been made for them some time since. We are quite short of tents in the whole command. About half the regiments have Sibley tents; the rest are almost wholly without. There are some 400 common tents in store at Gauley Bridge, but the number of these requisite to supply a company takes two wagons to haul them. The Sibleys will also be very heavy for our mountain roads. The French bell-tent has been found to unite most shelter with least weight in our experience, but those issued last year were of such poor material that the campaign used them up completely. After careful experimenting during the winter past our best quarter-- masters here are satisfied that the large army wagons are too heavy for our work, and that the most economy will result from the use of the two. horse wagon drawn by four mules. I would respectfully suggest the issue of future supplies on this line in accordance with the above testi mony. I have had constructed and in use this winter on the upper part of the river light bateaux or keel-boats, and they have proven to be a most valuable auxiliary in our river navigation. They can run at all times from the head of steamboat navigation to the Kanawha Falls (lj miles below Gauley Bridge). They are built 60 feet long by 8 feet beam, quite sharp, and in shape like a canoe. This is the only form and size found practicable here. They carry 8 tons, and are pushed by poles, ~ men being the crew. I have two running between Loup Creek and the Kanawlia Falls, and two more are nearly completed. As the water decreases and steamboats have to stop at lower points on the river the use for these boats will increase, and I am satisfied that fifteen or twenty of them would be needed during the summer, and prove a most valuable auxiliary to the land transportation. Those which I have had built cost $250 apiece. A dozen of them could be procured at Cm. cinnati in as many days. I inclose drawings of the boats, made by Captain Levering, assistant quartermaster at Gauley Bridge. The transportation from the changeable head of steamboat navigation to Kanawha Falls has been the most difficult to manage properly, and - these keelboats answer a better purpose than anything we have used. For the same amount of transportation they are cheaper than wagons, use fewer men, save wear and tear of teams and harness, and make less exposure of goods to theft and loss. This command is very much in need of more help in the medical de partment. The medical director at Wheeling is, however, fully advised of the necessities of the division and the prospective wants at hospi tals, & c., in case of active operations, and I believe he has been making every proper effort to provide for all contingencies. I believe the statements herein given, with the telegraphic report made last week, will give a tolerably accurate view of the condition o Page 48 48 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. this district and of the troops and their wants. I have freely suggested whatever has occurred to me as likely to be of advantage to the public service, feeling confident that I shall not be understood to intrude my opinion, but to be simply giving the results of my experience in the past campaign for what they may be worth. Hoping my report will be of some service in obtaining an acquaintance with the affairs of the department, I remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. D. COX Brigadier.Gener~zl, Cornman~1ing. HEADQUARTERS U. S. FORCES, At ]Jilioorefteid, Va., April 5, 1862. Do~ PIATT, Assistant Adjutant-General, Cumberland, Md.: DEAR SIR: I am in receipt of intelligence partially reliable that the enemy have evacuated Alleghany Summit, and are falling back on Staunton, with the intention of crossing east of the Blue Ridge. I yesterday sent out 40 cavalrymen and 20 mounted skirmishers, with Enfield rifles, to look after the neighborhood of the affair of the day previous on the Wardensville road. They returned to camp last evening, having found the murderous wretches; failing to kill or take any of them prisoners; severely wounding two of them; found some ammunition, and brought in one suspected persoi~, from whom we hope to get full knowledge of the neighborhood. I shall send a squad of cavalry to Romney to-day and open commu- nication with the forces in that direction. I have the honor to be, your most obedient servant, B. R. DURFEE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Forces at Moorefteld, Va. Vol. E. P. ScAMMON, CHARLESTON, April 5, 1862. Commanding Brigade, Fayette Court-House: I have no information from headquarters as yet in regard to plans and no answer to my urgent dispatch of yesterday inquiring whether I should use my own judgment in temporary operations on this line. Will send directions as soon as I hear from there. Make lists of such fugitives as come to you, and, if necessary, supply them with rations the same as to prisoners. If you have any work you can set them at, do so. Report the number at your camp and watch carefully for spies among them. Issue ammunition in moderate quantities to such parti- sans as you can thoroughly rely upon. J. B. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District. [APRIL 5, 1862.-.For Stanton to Dix, in reference to Baltimore police, martial law, & c., see Series III, VoL II.] WOODSTOOK, VA., April 6. Brig; Gen. LORENZO THOMAS, Adjutant-General U. AS~ Army: GENERAL: Upon receiving your dispatch announcing the creation og a new iailitary department, embracing the valley of the Shena Page 49 CU& P. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 49 doali, for my command, I thought it my duty to make to the Depart- ment of War an immediate and fall statement of the forces, position, and condition of the Fifth Army Corps. The corps consists of two divisions; the first commanded by General A. S. Williams; the second commanded by Brigadier-General Shields. The full force of both divisions is now about 23,000 men, including in- fantry, cavalry, and artillery. Our effective foree, however, at this time for operations in the valley of the Shenandoah and vicinity is re- duced to 12,600 The accompanying sheet will show the positions of the main force and the various detachments that were necessarily made. After the occupation of Winchester by my command I was ordered by General McClellan to move General Williams division to Manassas for the occul)ation of the country in front and the reconstruction of the railway in the direction of Strasburg. My impression was that the movement was to be immediate, in order that the embarkation of troops destined to other points might not be delayed and the grand movement of the army embarrassed by a failure here. Immediately upon my return to Winchester from Washington I put Williams division in movement for Manassas, where I had promised it should be on the 25th of March, and, according to my instructions to precede this division, I left Winchester on the 23d March for Manassas. The battle on that day at Winchester recalled me, and I ordered back all the brigades of the division within my reach. Abercrombies had advanced too far, and is now at Warrenton Junction, in pursuance of my orders. This reduces my corps 4,500 men. Colonel Gearys regi- ment, with squadron of cavalry, reduced it again 1,800 men, lessening my force in consequence of this movement 6,300 men. Our advance from Harpers Ferry has placed under our protection 100 miles of the Baltimore and Ohio Railway, 32 miles of the Winches- ter Railway, and the towns, villages, highways, and bridges upon a line of 70 miles, over which our trains of supply are constantly passing. In addition to this, the valley we occupy is of such a character that we are compelled to protect our flanks by detachments far in our rear, at the very head of the valley. These military necessities, n~t to speak of the sick, hospital attendants, & c., have reduced our effective force by a further detachment of 4,000 men, leaving, as I said, but 12,633 men for immediate action. The enemy has from 6,000 to 8,000 men, is well supplied with both light and heavy artillery, and is supported by a regiment of very supe- rior cavalry. They are likely to be re-enforced to some extent by the rebel forces hitherto at Fort Alleghany, about 26 miles east of Cheat Mountain, 2,600 strong, and from Monterey and one other point, Hun- tersville, the forces of which I do not know, but believe them not to be large. General Fr6mont telegraphs me they are retreating generallyall along his front, with a purpose, hti believes, of concentrating at Staunton. This corresponds with our information. We mayreasonably look, there- fore, for an increase of Jacksons force to this extent, but not much be- yond. I do not believe that Johnston can safely strengthen him. This statement, which I believe quite correct, would show that our forces will soon be no more than equal to the enemy. We ought to be strengthened, as soon as it can safely be done, by the return of Aber- crombies btigade. We are informed that Gearys regiment is on the road here. The heaviest of our batteries is nine of the 12-pounder howitzer guns. A battery of 20-pounder guns would add very much to our strength. If it were possible it should be forwarded. Our effect- 4 B BVOL XII, PT II Page 50 (CHAP. XXIV. 50 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ive cavalry force is but about 800, mostly inexperienced men and un- trained horses. The arrival of Colonel ilollidays Vermont cavalry, the use of which I obtained here for a short time, is demoralized by the suicide of the colonel at Strasburg on Friday. it will not be of value for active service, judging from the representations made to us of the condition of the Prominent officers. We have so many mountain v~1- leys to scout and such an extended line to protect that, independent of the necessity of strong cavalry in action, we need a large and effi- cient cavalry force. We are now greatly inferior to the enemy in this arm of the service, in which we should be stronger. Jackson is lying between Mount Jackson and New Market. We hope immediately to strike him an effective blow. Captain Hunt, of the Engineer Corps, will explain to you more fully than can be written the plans of action, which I hope may meet your approval. There are no rebel forces in the mountains between the commands of General Sumner and my own, except perhaps 200 or 300 scouts in dif- ferent parts of the mountains. Our scouts report no rebel forces at Luray, Washington, or Sperryville, where their troops have been here- tofore reported. General Johnston we believe to be at Gordonsvilleperhaps farther south. Some of the deserters from the enemy report having heard it said in their camp that Johnston was within 15 miles of Richmond. These facts may be of service to General Sumner. It is of great importance on this line that we should be informed of every event that transpires on the east in front of Manassas and near Richmond. Pardon this tedious statement; I write amid many interruptions. Most respectfully, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS Commanding Fifth Army Corps. (Iuclosure.1 Statement of the number and dieposition of troops in the Fifth Army Corps, commanded by Major-General Banks. Organizations. .~ ~, 43 .0 0 ~ 0 General Shicids division, In front of enemy and In rear of Edenbur~ 6,083 Colonel ~rdons brigade (three regiments), on the right of Shields division 2,100 First Brigade (Williams division), at the Narrow Passage 2,300 Cavalry with the army Seven companies First Vermont Cavalry, just joined 600 Artillery with forty guns, with the army 800 110th Pennsylvania Volunteers (Shields division), at Winchester, Va 500 66th Ohio Volunteers (Shields division), at Strasburg, Va 700 1st Regiment Potomac Home Brigade (Williams division), at Charlestown, Va.... 800 7th virginia Volunteers (Shields division), along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. 800 Seven companies cavalry, on patrolling duty In the vicinity of Winchester 500 General Abercrombies brigade, with one battery, at Warren~sn Junction 4,500 Col. J. W. Geary, 28th Pennsylvania Volunteer, with one battery and one squadron 1,860 of cavalry, on the road here. Seven companies infantry, under Lieutenant-Colonel Batchelder, guarding supply 500 train.. Four companies cavalry, patrolling roads about Strasburg ~.. 300 10,460 12,683 Total . 23,09 Page 51 S Cii~. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 51 WOODSTOCK, April 6, 1862. Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, Commanding Army of the Potomac: GENERAL: Your letter of the 1st April, probably intended for me at Manassas, I received by special messenger late last night.* The enemy in front under Jackson is reduced to about 6,000 men. The force is much demoralized by defeat, desertion, and the general depression of spirits resting on the Southern army. His exact position is at Rudes Hill, on the left of the ~tnrnpike, about half way between Mount Jackson and New Market. He is not in condition to attack, neither to make strong resistance, and I do not believe he will attempt to make a determined staiid there. I do not believe Johnston will re- enforce him. We understand him (Johnston) to be engaged in the direction of Richmond, with a view of concentrating all his forces there. All our reports agree in this. He is now near Gordonsville. On the west we learn from General Fr6mont that the rebels are retreat- ing from Fort Alleghany, about 2,600 strong, and also from Hunters. ville, Monterey, and on Fr6monts front generally. Their purpose is doubtless concentration at Staunton, in which event Jackson will be re.enforced to that extent, and perhaps make a stand at Staunton. He is moving commissary stores, ammunition, & c., in that direction. His alternative will be to join Johnstons movements in the direction f Richmond, and in that view perhaps he is now transferring his stores to Waynesborough. Our advance separates us so far from our depot of suppliesWin. chesteras to require caution, and the features of the country, hem- med in on both sides by mountain ranges, makes it practicable for the enemy, if in force, to flank our extended line on either side, and the necessity of guarding these lines in all directions has reduced our force of effective men to less than 12,000, not including Abercrombie or Geary, who are at Manassas or vicinity. In the event of a movement we can draw in some detachments not included in our present effective force. If~ General Blenker arrives soon he will relieve us of this diffi. culty. Our cavalry is weak in numbers and spiritmuch exhausted with night and day work. Good cavalry would help incalculably. The movements in contemplation are an attack on Jackson at Rudes Hill, with a view to cut him off, or drive him into the mountain roads, by the way of Luray, Sperryvi~le, & c. This is one of the lines of retreat that he has hitherto contemplated, but a very difficult one. This would prevent a concentration at Staunton. For this movement we are ready at any time. If Jackson retreats on Staunton it will require longer time and the assistance of General Blenker. With his brigades we can bring our force up to about 20,000 men. The railway bridges from Front Royal are in progress. The re.estab. lishment of this communication will help us, and I shall hope that we may be able to second your movements upon Richmond at the right time, neither being too early nor too late in ours. I desire most ear- nestly to be kept well informed of your movements, and shall communi- cate often with you as to our own and those of the enemy. The Secretary of War informed me by telegraph yesterday that a new department was to be created for my command in this valley. If this is effected it will not lessen the importance of our co-operation or the necessity of each being well informed as to the daily progress of events. I shall, in any event, cherish a sincere feeling of satisfaction * See Part I, p. 234 Page 52 52 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (UtIAP. XXiV. and pride upon my association with you in the defense of the Potomac, and both work and hope earnestly for the entire success of your long- matured and now daily developing plans. With much respect, I am, general, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. The death of Colonel Holliday was very sudden and very sad. He appeared greatly depressed when here about the condition of his regi- ment, which was then at Strasburg. He spoke upon no other subject while here. His officers say he had been nearly insane for three weeks, and attribute his depression of spirits to personal disappointments not connected with his profession. I do not know how this may be. His death occurred near Strasburg, while he was near the head of his column. He shot himself in the head, and died without a word. His body has been sent, with appropriate attentions, to his friends in New York. N. P. BANKS. WHEELING, April 6. Hon. E. M. STANTON: General Milroy with his advance has occupied Fort Alleghany in person. No enemy in Huntersville or Monterey. Appears retreating to Shenandoah Mountain. Will you have detailed to me Lient. George L. Robinson, whose name I gave you as well acquainted with certain localities 1 His regiment may move. J. C. FRflMONT, Major-General. (Similar dispatch to General Banks.) WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 6, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: Your telegram received. I am gratified to hear that your forces are in motion. I hope soon to hear that the rebels are driven from your district or captured. McClellan has advanced on Yorktown. Banks is rapidly getting into position. Blenkers force is moving toward Harpers Ferry. McDowell will immediately move on the Rappahan- nock. EDWIN M. STANTON Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 6, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. H. MILUQY, Camp Alleghany: Occupy Monterey or some point west of it, where you can maintain yourself against superior forces, and guard the roads, concentrating at Monterey. General Scheuck has been ordered to advance from Rom- ney and Moorefield to operate on the road leading by Elkhorn to Frank Page 53 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONFENCE, ETC.UNION. 53 un, in connection with the movement of General Banks up the valley of the Shenandoah. J. C. FRflMONT. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 6, 1862. Brig. Gen. J. D. Cox, (Jharle8ton: Thirty or forty bushwhackers destroyed the wires at Builtown yes- terday and killed a courier. Order a detachment from Sutton to that place; arrest all persons in or about Sutton or Builtown suspected of aiding the bushwhackers in any way and send them to Wheeling. Have all letters in the post-offices at Sutton and Bulltown examined for proofs of participation. J. C. FRhI~MONT. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Charle8ton, April 6, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding Mountain Department, Wheeling, Va.: GENERAL: In obedience to your telegraphic orders of yesterday to move part of my division forward, I have ordered Colonel Scammon to unite the Twenty-third and Thirtieth Ohio and McMullins battery and a company of cavalry at Raleigh Court-House, and thence to tat~e such force as may be necessary to Flat Top Mountain, endeavoring to con- trol the whole of Mercer County this side of Princeton and the mouth of Blue Stone. I have ordered half of Bolles Second Virginia Cavalry from Guyandotte to Raleigh to act under Colonel Scammons orders. I have ordered the Thirty-fourth Ohio, Colonel Piatt, from Gauley Bridge to Fayette to take the place of the Thirtieth, advanced. If it meets your approval, I design to leave the care of the lower part of this valley and the line of the Ohio to the three Virginia reg- iments, and to concentrate the Ohio troops of my command in the neighborhood of Gauley Bridge and Fayette Court-House as soon as the roads will give us the assurance of being able to supply them with- out fail. There is a new regiment (Colonel Trimbles) at Gallipolis, which might be divided so as to take the Point Pleasant post as well as Gallipolis, releasing the Eleventh Ohio, which might then move up to the front. Colonel Trimble has not as yet reported to me, and I have not been sure whether he was within my district or even in the old De- partment of Western Virginia. A battalion of Colonel Crooks regiment has been.ordered from Sum- merville to Sutton~ in obedience to directions received from you yester- day by telegraph. I would respectfully suggest the propriety of immediately extending the telegraph from Fayette to Raleigh. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. D. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [APRrL 6, 1862.For Barton S. Alexander to John G Barnard, in reference to fortification of Manassas, see Series I, Vol. V, p. 65. Page 54 54 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE BAPPAHANNOCK, April 7, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt at 1.30 this morn- ing of your order of the 6th instant to detach Brigadier-General Wood- bury and his brigade of engineers, and direct him to proceed immedi. ately to join General McClellans command at Fort Monroe. The necessary instructions have been given to carry this immediately into effect. With this I beg to state as follows: General McClellan, expecting to land at some point on the Rappahannock and proceed at once to Rich.: mond, had prepared bridges, trains, and troops to cross the Piankatank, Mattapony, Pamunkey, and Chickahominy. Subsequently, having aban. doned this project, and expecting to disembark my whole corps in the vicinity of Yorktown, he had placed this branch of the service in my command, sending all the regular engineer troops under Captain Duane, Engineer Corps, to Fort Monroe, together with all the bridge trains which he conside~red of any use, to wit, the canvas trains, the trestle train, and the French bateau train, with the mass of the tools and im- plements. The landing as proposed having been made unnecessary, and the occupation of the line of Big Bethel and his advance to so near Yorktown, and having now no streams of magnitude to cross, and the material being all he intended taking in any event for the greatest amount of that service, he can unquestionably dispense with General Woodburys volunteers, he having all the regulars. If I am with my command to operate defensively merely this side of the Rappahannock this force and the train which has been left behindthe India-rubber oiiewill not be needed, but if I am to cross this stream, the Rapidan, to go against Fredericksburg or Gordonsville, it or an equivalent will. be indispensable. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding D~~partment. WARRENTON JUNCTION, April 7,1862. General MCDOWELL: A reconnaissance was made last night to the river, where a picket guard and a few infantry were discovered occupying what appeared to be rifle pits and two small redoubts of recent construction covering the fords. Some of the slaves who have come in say the rebels appear to be retiring. J. J. ABERCROMBIE, Brigadier- General, Commanding. GENERAL ORDERS, DIVISION HEADQUARTERS, No. 36. Bristoe, April 7, 1862. Numerous complaints have reached division headquarters this morn- ing of depredations committed upon peaceable and unoffending citizens by some of the troops in this command. The evil has grown to be in- tolerable, and the most stringent measures must be adopted to prevent a repetition of this offense and inflict summary punishment upon th Page 55 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 55 offenders. The soldiers of the Republic are here to enforce, not violate, the laws, and to give protection to persons and property. If it be dis- graceful in a citizen to steal, it is doubly so in the soldier, for he wears a badge of authority, and the public look up to him for protection, not indignity and insult. Hereafter any soldier in this command caught in the act of commit- ting depredations or with the evidence of theft about his person or quarters will be stripped of his arms and accouterments and sent back to Alexandria, there to be confined in the common jail and await his trial by the civil authorities. No thief shall be permitted to accompany this division on its march if it be in the power of the general command. ing to prevent it. The division provost-marshal and the deputy provost-marshal of the several brigades will exercise the utmost vigilance in guarding against the outrages complained of and in arresting all parties concerned in their perpetration. By order of Brigadier-General King, commanding division: B. CHANDLER, Assi8tant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Wheeling, Va., April 7, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: SIR: I am informed by the Governor here that a systematic plan of guerrilla warfare has been arranged and organized for Western Vir- ginia under the sanction of the Confederate Congress and the rebel legislature at Richmond. Those who have enlisted with the rebels are to be transferred to these ranger companies, as they are called. These - facts are contained in letters found on captured rebels. I think it is highly important that the cavalry force should be in- creased, and that it should be armed with carbines or short Enfield rifles to place them upon an equality with the guerrillas and inspire them with proper confidence in themselves. On Saturday night last one of thes~ bushwhacking parties entered Bulltown, Braxton County, cut the telegraph wire, shot the mail car- rier, who was at the station, swore the operator to secrecy, took all of his personal effects, and decamped. Instructions have been issued to all commanding officers to exercise great vigilance and to use their ntmost exertions to break up and de- stroy these parties. I shall send you memoranda of events as they occur from time to time. Awaiting your reply to my telegram of last night, I am, very respect- fully, J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Wheeling, April 7, 1862. Brig. Gen. B. F. KELLEY, Commanding Railroad District, Wheeling: GENERAL: Brig. Gen. R. C. Scheuck, commanding the District of Cumberland, has been directed to advance from Romney and Moore Page 56 56 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. field and operate on the road leading by Elkhorn to Franklin, so far as he can provide himself with forage and supplies, watching carefully the advance of General Banks up the valley of the Shenandoah and regu- lating his movements accordingly. As this advance will remove Gen. eral & henck from the vicinity of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, you will make immediate preparations to extend your command over that portion of the railroad lying in the District of Cumberland. The Potomac Home Brigade, now under the command of General Schenek, will be placed sul~ject to your command, while General Schenck will re- tain the troops recently sent to him from the Railroad District. The Third Virginia Battery, Captain Buell, will, until further orders, re- main at Wheeling. Captain Hymans battery, First Ohio Artillery, will be placed under yonr command as soon as Johnsons Ohio battery is supplied with horses. Yonr call for facilities to make your command effective and your protection of the railroad and telegraph sufficient will be promptly responded to. Your knowledge of the country and of the interests and feelings of the people along the line of railroad render you eminently fitted for the important position assigned you, and it is expected that with your own qualifications and the means which will be placed at your disposal the important interests confided to your care will suffer no detriment. You will extend your command in accord- ance with this order as soon as General Scheuck shall have commenced operation in pursuance of the orders given him. By order of Major-General Fr6mont: ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 7, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. C. SCHENCK, Oumberland: Lieutenant-Colonel Downey, with his command, you can order with you, but under all the circumstances it is thought best that the Second Regiment, Colonel Bruce, shall remain to guard the railroad, for which service along our extended line our troops will be barely sufficient. I hear nothing of any further movements of General Banks. Endeavor to place yourself in communication with him, and do not move beyond Moorefield until further orders. Report the condition of your troops in regard to arms. J. C. FR1~MONT. CUMBERLAND, April 7, 1862. (Received Wheeling, Va., April 7, 1862.) Capt. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General: Ordei~Lo advance just received, 1 oclock a. m. Will get troops in motion as soon as possible and as I can get 8nfficient transportation. My first movement will be to concentrate what I can at Romney for a - start from there up the valley of the South Branch to join the forces I have at Moorefield. ROBT. C. SCHENCK, Brigadier- General Page 57 CHAP. XXIV.] 57 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.1JNION. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 7, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Woodstock: General Schenck has been ordered to advatice from Romney and Moorefield and operate on the road leading by Elkhorn to Franklin, watching carefully your advance and regulating his movements ac- cordingly. J. C. FR1~MOKT. CILAXLESTON, April 7, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Commanding Mountain Department, WI& eeling: The accompanying telegram, received by me from Colonel Crook at Summerville, contains what I regard as the true condition of things in Greenbrier. I think his suggestion is the most feasible plan of operat~ ing on Lewisburg. My only objection is that for subsequent operations I should dislike to have my division divided upon diverging lines. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District. (Inolosure.] From the numerous corroboratory statements of all the refugees from Greenbrier and from other sources I am satisfied that the rebel force there does not amount to over 300 to 400 men; also that their com- manding officer has issued an order to move their stock across Green- brier River and burn their forage, which would be great damage to our forces- The citizens, however, are opposed to the order, but the mili- tary intend carrying it out. I feel satisfied that were a large force to start from Gauley Bridge that ere it could reach Lewisburg the rebels would destroy the greater part of the forage. I could leave this place with my regiment and by making rapid marches get to Lewisburg, drive the rebels east of the Greenbrier River, and hold the place until re-enforced from Ganley, and thereby prevent the destruction of the forage. CAMP ALLEGHANY, April 7,1862. (Received Wheeling, Va., April 10, 1862.) Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT: After dispatching courier yesterday learned that scouting party, un- der Captain Latham, of Second Virginia, sent out from Cheat Mountain last week, 90 strong, had taken possession of Monterey, going by way of Circleville and Crab Bottom. I sent to-day a portion of Second Vir- ginia to support him. To-morrow the Seventy-fifth Ohio and Hymans battery go on. Think that Twenty-fifth Ohio is there or in vicinity. They left Beverly, in th~ direction of Franklin, via the mouth of Seneca, one week ago. Third will go on from here in few days. None of the regiments are full. Have 300 of Thirty-second Ohio to Huntersville to-day. To-morrow will scour country in that vicinity and 10 miles down the Greenbrier with a company of cavalry. Will throw all the force I can into Monterey. We must have more transportation im- mediately; quartermasters present supplies too limited to furnish us Page 58 58 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD, (CHAP. XXIV. with subsistence. Think supplies can go to Monterey at half the cost and labor from New Creek via Franklin. I will move my headquarters to Monterey to-morrow. Terrible snow.storm here to-day. B. H. MILBOY, Brigadier- General. WOODSTOCK, April 8, 18627.12 a. m. General W~LIA~S, (Sent 9.25 a. m. from War ])epartment.) A88i8tant Adjutant- General, Fort Monroe: There is no material change in affairs here to-night. Jackson is near New Market, not yet re-enforced. The rebels occupying Fort Alleghany, Huntersville, and Monterey are retreating toward Shenandoah Mount- ain, and those places are occupied by our troops. General Schenck is moving down from Romney and Moorefield upon their route. It is reported that a band of Union men have taken to the mountains near Elk Run, Rockingham County, with arms, and determined to resist lmpres8ment by Jacksons forces. It is said [they] number- near a thousand. It is still stated that Johnston is at Gordonsville. No rebel forces except cavalry scouts are between our position and that of General Sumner. These scouts altogether number about 300, and are active. I should be glad to know the progress of events east. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WHEELING, April 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 4.10 ~. in.) & cretary of War: The animals for which requisition was made in February by Major Clary are indispensably needed. The troops in advance are suffering, and necessary movements are embarrassed and checked for want of transportation. Will you not order them to be supplied at once? J. C. FR1~MONT Major- General, Commandtng. HEADQUARTERS THIRD PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, Fayetteville, April 8, 1862. Brig. Gen. JACOB D. Cox, Commanding Military District: GENERAL: I inclose two papers, throwing some light upon the state of things in Greenbrier and Monroe Counties. I have no doubt, be- yond a proper distrust of everybody in a country where we expect to find treason at all points, that the doctor is all that he seems. Indeed, I have heard from others that he is all that he pretends to be. I would like to employ him as a guide for those counties, and one or two others for Mercer, Tazewell, Giles, & c. Can it not be done, sa.y, at prices of from $1 to $2 per diem Page 59 Caip XXIV] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 59 It is well that we did not march to-day; we should have been crip- pled for weeks to c6me. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMO1~, Colonel Twenty-third Ohio Vots., Comdg. Third Prov. Brig. 9 [luclosure No. 1.] MEADOW BLUFF, GREENERIER COUNTY, April 1 [1862]. Dr. W. B. HARRISON: BELOVED FRIEND: Your kind letter, brought by Mr. J. Simmons came in the midst of us like a dew-drop from heaven. We had mourned. you as lost. Those cavalry that were sent in pursuit of you came back and reported that you had been shot by the Yankee scouts, who had taken you for a Southern scout; but the cat poked her head out of the wallet when we saw an order from General A. A. Chapman to detail men to watch your house and to patrol the roads night and day ever since you left, for fear that Harrison would come down like an ava- lanche and sweep the dirty brutes from amongst us. Thus it was that we knew that our old lion-hearted would again shake his mane and roar amongst us; and Oh! how anxiously are we listening for that roar. We see daily our friends and neighbors dragged off at the point of the bayonet to try and make them fight those men that they so much desire to see. Oh, for Heavens sake, do come, or we shall despair. I was arrested and thrown into prison for trying to convey the letter you left with me, and could not keep from going to Richmond only by volunteering to work on the Brushy Ridge breastworks, and had just returned for a few days when your letter reached us. The works are at the Brushy Ridge Church. I will give you a de- scription of them as near as it lays in my power, and then bid you farewell a~ present, ~ind may God speed you on is the prayer of your friends here. JOHK MASSEY. [Inclosure No. 2.] JOHN SANNERS STATEMENT. When I got into Greenbrier I found the people in great excitement and distress. I could see and hear of the regulars every day, hunting up the inhabitants; that is, those that belong to the militia; and even those that were exempted last year from afflictions, as incapable of mili- tary duty, are now being forced into service. I was informed that the banks of deposit of Lewisburg and Union had been removed to Richmond a few days ago. I spoke to some of the militia that I dare trust, and they told me it was their intention not to fight, unless it would be to shoot some of their dnd ~ who had dragged them from home. I was informed they had received a small re-enforcement at Lewisburg besides what militia they could gather up, and expected more; but the people generally doubted it. They had but four small cannon. Their breastworks were said to be good at Brushy Ridge, and they were going on to Little Sewell to throw up slight ones there to give the army a round or two and then fall back Page 60 60 OPERATIQNS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CnAP. XXIV. Some persons are saving what they can for the Federal troops, but the Southerners were taking what they wanted and trying to bind the people to keep the rest, that they could not carry off at the time, for them. Mr. William T. Mann, who promised Dr. Harrison, if he would remain ai Smiths Ridge, to bring his family to him, I found out when I got to Greenbrier was unable to see or have any commnnication with them whatever, as there had been a guard to watch the roads and his house for fear the doctor would raise an armed force and come down upon them unawares. But before I left the guard was ordered to Lewisburg, and W. T. Mann was determined to get them and bring them to their father. I heard some say that they would send a company after Dr. Harrison, if they could get him, any distance. It is supposed that when they get all the militia their force will amount to 2,500 or 2,600. CHA.RLESTON, April 8, 1862. Maj. Gen. JoIEN C. FR]~rnIONT, Wheeling: The severe rains of the past two days will delay Colonel Scammon a little. Meanwhile preparations are being carefully made. No farther new8 from the front. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District. QUARTERMASTER-GENERALS OFFICE, Washington, D. 0., April 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: SIR: I am called upon to supply a large number of horses to the Army of the Potomac and to those of the Rappahannock and of the Shenandoah, all of which are now operating in Virginia. General Shields calls upon me for 135 horses for his batteries, which have suffered in the late marches and actions. Colonel Mix, of the Van Alen Cavalry, calls for 155 horses, having 158 men dismounted. He has just returned from a march through the Sheiiandoah Valley, in which his mounted men charged and drove a portion of Ashbys cavalry several miles. He informs me that there are many good horses in the valley of the Shenandoah, and thus, had he been permitted, he could not only have mounted his own dismounted men, but could have collected from rebel sympathizers horses enough to supply a full regiment in addition. This was not permitted, and this cavalry regiment, leaving this disloyal people in possession of horses lit for military service, returns, part of its soldiers marching on foot, to be supplied with horses to be drawn from the loyal people of loyal States and to be paid for in promises to pay. A horse fit for military service is as much a military supply as a barrel of gunpowder, or a shot- gun, or rifle. The 491st paragraph of the Regulations authorizes the general com- manding the army to levy military contributions in money or kind on the enemys country occupied by the troops when the wants of th Page 61 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 61 Army absolutely require it, and in other cases under special instruc- tions from the War Department. I submit that the wants of the Army do absolutely require that a por- tion of its supplies should be drawn from those who, having caused the war, are now waging it against us. I respectfully~ advise that the general commanding the Army of the Shenandoah be authorized to levy a contribution upon that territory of not less than 1,500 horses, 500 of them to be used as recruits for the cavalry and artillery and to replace unserviceable horses in the wagon trains of his army, 1,000 to be sent to the depot at Washington for the use of the Armies of the Rappahannock and of the Potomac. If a still larger number can be raised without too much interfering with agriculture they will be useful, and should, in my opinion, be taken. Colonel Mix and the quartermaster of his regiment inform me that there would have been no difficulty in collecting 1,000 horses well adapted to military service in Clarke County alone before they reached Berryville; that the horses are generally of a kind not suited for agri- culture, and that there are few, if any, young men left in the country, the farms and the stock being generally in charge of slaves. When Jackson retired he is reported to have impressed and taken with him the last 100 young men in the country. I do not think that good military policy would permit a single cavalry horse to be left in the hands of the disaffected in that department. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant Quarterma8ter-General. GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. DEPT. OF THE RAPPA]W~NOCK, No. 1. 5 Near Alexandria Seminary; Va., April 8,1862. Brigadier-General McCall will to-morrow move with his division to Manassas, the artillery and cavalry (Bayards regiment) via Fairfax Court-House and Centreville, and the infantry by rail, at such hour as shall be communicated hereafter. The artillery and cavalry will take at least two days forage and sub- sistence, and three days if they can, and the infantry one days cooked rations, with as much in bulk in the train as may be on hand. If the artillery should have more on hand than is specified herein the surplus will be taken by rail. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjntant- Generat. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. 0., April 9, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Commanding Department of the Shenandoah: GENERAL: You are authorized an~l instructed to levy upon the ter- ritory occupied by the army under your command a military contribu- tion of not less than 1,500 horses for the use of the army. You will receive instructions as to the disposition to be made of these horses, which should be duly receipted for by the quartermasters and accounted for as other public property Page 62 62 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. Care should be taken that horses fit for military service be selected, and that only horses absolutely needed for agriculture be left in posses. sion of persons believed to be disloyal. Receipts should be given for these horses according to the form inclosed, promising payment only after the suppression of the rebellion, and upon proof that the person from whom they may be received has conducted himself from the date of the receipt as a loyal citizen of the United States and has not given aid and comfort to the rebels. In levying this contribution you will be careful to make it fall as far as possible upon those who have been heretofore disloyal. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS RAILROAD DISTRICT Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling, Va., April 9, 1862. Commanding Mountain D~partment, Wheeling, Va.: GENERAL: Refugees, who fled from the western counties of this State on the breaking out of this rebellion and joined the Southern Army, are returning with commissions from Governor Letcher to recruit Mounted Rangers, in the disloyal part of the State, for the purpose of carrying on a system of guerrilla warfare. To frustrate this scheme, and enable me to kill or capture these desperate men I require a cav- alry force that has a knowledge of the country which has to be scouted, and whose officers are well acquainted with the public and private roads, mountain passes, streams, fords, and ferries. Two companies of Pennsylvania cavalry, now with General Ban~~~ division, who served under my command for several months last summer and fall, are perfectly familiar with the country embraced in my dis- trict. They are the Riuggold Cavalry, Capt. John Keys, and the Washington Cavalry, Capt. A. J. Greenfield. They are independent companiesnot attached to any regiment. And as I learn General Banks has a large cavalry force, and would doubtless be perfectly willing to have the two companies ordered to report for service in this district, may I therefore ask you to make an application to the Secretary of War for the above companies? I am fully satisfied that the interests of the service will be largely promoted, and the safety of our people, their persons and property rendered more secure by this measure. Respectfully, your ol~edient servant, B. F. RELLEY, Brigadier-General, Commanding Railroad Di8trict. [Indor~ement.] HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Wheeling, Va., April 10, 1862. Respectfully referred to the hQnorable Secretary of War, with the recommendation that the two companies of cavalry named may be as- signed for duty in the Railroad District of this department, with direc- tions to report to Brig. Gen. B. F. Kelley. J. C. FR3MONT, Major-General, Oommandiug Page 63 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 63 HEADQUARTERS, Monterey, April 9, 1862. General FRI~M0NT: i?or last three days the weather has been terrible; constant blinding storm of snow, mixed with rain, which freezes to trees and limbs to ex- tent as to bend and break them, greatly obstructing roads. This, with the high waters, renders our supplies precarious. I learn from refugees that supplies are abundant over in the valley of Virginia, and I think we should hasten there as speedily as possible. The main body of Johnsons forces have stopped beyond the top of the Shenandoah, about 21 miles from here. His cavalry, about 300 strong, are at McDowell, 10 miles from here, and as soon as weather permits, if they remain thero, I will bag them. Sent a squad of cavalry to-day to open communica- tion with General Scheuck. A foraging party sent to-day returned with plenty of hay, and some corn and rye can be had. Jam greatly in need of an efficient quartermaster. B. H. MILBOY, Brigadier-General. FAYETTEVILLE, , 1862. (Received Apxil 9, 1862.) General Cox, Commanding: Captain Havens, Twenty-third, has reached Piney River, on return from Monroe County. Has several horses and about 15 prisoners. All militia and other. soldiers in Monroe required to meet at Lewisburg. Ten good citizens from Monroe confirm previous report as to enemy~5 force and feelings of people. Respectfully, B.. ~. ~ Colone4 HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Mana88a8, April 10, 1862. Hon. B. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your dispatch concerning Colonel McCallums report of his abilities to finish the road to the Shenandoah by Saturday week if he is protected, and asking if I can protect him, is just received. I can protect him, but at the expense of my operations on the other road, and I doubt if he can repair, as he says, without serious detriment to his work on the road to the Rappahannock. The working of tbi~ road, its stock, and, it seems to me, the road itself, is in a bad condition in every respect from Alex- andria even no farther than out to this place. Yesterday I ordered a brigade of men forward. It commenced leaving Alexandria about noon. Only three-fourths of it has arrived up to this timethirty hours. The head train was eight hours making 24 miles. It is true the storm was pitiless, but anything of a road would have done better than this. Noth- ing has come over the road to-dayneither men, food, nor forage. I think the service would be benefited could Colonel McCallnm be out here. There is no way of producing harmony of action between the command and the railroad department. My supplies for the force in front, and which I am bringing and sending forward, must come by this road, except such as I may be able to collect from the country, and i Page 64 64 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. should be in an efficient condition. I am anxious to get the road done to the Rappahannock, so as to commence the building of the bridge over that stream, and unless there are interests I am not aware of I think the work on the Orange and Alexandria should be pushed at tue expense of the other. I go to Bristoe to-night. IRVIIi McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, April 10,1862. Major.General MCDOWELL: I have just returned from Alexandria, where I have been all day, and have witnessed with regret the difficulties to which you refer. The causes which have mainly contributed to the present state of things are: First, the want of turn-outs. Second, the difficulty of procuring water for engines. We have been compelled to carry water in buckets from the streams to fill engine-tanks. This not only causes great delay to the train obliged to do so, but has the effect of retarding trains in both directions. Third, our engines are mostly run by men who are not only ignorant of the ~1ine of road, but in many cases have had but little experience with the particular engine placed in their charge. Fourth, there is great want of promptness in loading troops; this some- times is exceedingly embarrassing. We are using the greatest exer- tions to remedy the matter referred to, and must beg your indulgence for a few days. I can assure you it is quite as annoying to us as it must be inconvenient to your command. I will be able to answer your question in regard to the Bappahannock bridge to-morrow morning or as soon as I can obtain some facts in regard to it. D. C. MoCALLUM. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 10, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. H. MILBOY, Monterey: As General Banks has not moved forward from Edenburg, General Schenck remains still at Moorefleld. Transportation will be ordered forward immediately. Ascertain by spies whether Franklin is still held. by the enemy. J. C. FR1~MONT. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 10, 1862. Major-General BANKS: We have nothing new to-day. The storm has prevented any opera- tions at Yorktown. General Fr6mont telegraphs that General Milroy is in possession of Monterey and Crab Bottom. They are reported to have retired toward the Shenandoah, and to be fortifying themselves east of the Shenan- doah Mountain. The great suceests at Island 14o. 10 and victory ove Page 65 CEAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 65 Beauregard at Pittsburg are confirmed. General [A.] Sidney Johnston was killed. I will keep you advised daily. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, D. 0., April 10, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Comdg. Fifth Corp8, Army of the Potomac, Wood8tock, Va.: Siu: I would respectfully submit the following report as the result of my examination, made under your direction, for the selection of de~ fensive positions in the Department of the Shenandoah: Having examined with such care as was possible the actual ground or maps of the Shenandoah Valley, it is my conclusion that at present only two positions need to be occupied by defenses, viz, the hill north of Strasburg and the most eligible point northwest of Front Royal, for covering a depot and the bridges to be reconstructed. The width of the valley between Strasburg and Mount Jackson pro. hibits a resort to defensive lines at any point by which, with means available, the valley could be securely closed. The hill north of Strasburg has so effective a command over the roads, the railroad, and town, and would afford so much security to a depot of supplies, & c., at Strasburg, that I have staked out the lines of a field fort on it, and have indicated to Captain Mason and to Mr. Douglass (who is engaged to report to you for its construction) all the essentials for making it what is needed. By a peculiar arrangement of a grand traverse the command by the surrounding hills will be made mostly ineffective. The position of Front Royal having been inaccessible, I can only in- dicate it in general terms as likely to have importance. I am advised by the Secretary of War that your department extends to the crest of the Blue Ridge; that the Manassas Railroad is being actively recon- s~ructed, and that General McDowells command is in advance of War- renton. At an early day, therefore, it is expected that the railroad can be operated to Front Royal, and that force enough can be supplied to enable you to move from Front Royal down to Luray, & c., holding Chester Gap in conjunction with General McDowell. Should you suc- ceed in disposing of General Jacksons force at Rudes Hill you will then be able safely to advance up the valley of the South Fork also, and by taking care to hold the several Blue Ridge gaps you could advance to Staunton and Waynesborough. You will thus make a conversion of your front on to the Blue Ridge crest and clear the great valley of all except possible guerrilla operations. By this means you will place yourself in position to co-operate to the eastward if desirable, and in co-operation with General McDowell you will thus turn the enemys line and open his rear to dangerous move- ments. Having your two lines of operatiomis from Front Royal and Strasburg, you will be reasonably secure on these as base-line posi- tions. As soon as the railroad can be made to bring your supplies to Timberville you will find the railroad from Alexandria to that l)oint of immense assistance, and the cover it would receive from two defensi- ble positions at Front Royal and Strasburg justify the labor of fortify- ing them. 5 R UVOL XII, PT II Page 66 66 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. XXIV. Should it prove that the North Fork from Rudes Hill to Timberville and Turley Town is somewhat defensible, a depot with covering defenses and a bridge-head may be needful. It is, however, my opinion that before this question fully arises the general clearing of the great val. ley may be so far effected as to convert our defensive efforts to the Blue Ridge crest-line, merely retaining the North Fork line as a valu- able secondary route. So soon as you are free to move eastward either through Chester Gap or Thorntons Gap, you escape from thai isolation which is now so oppressive and so liable to end in your being excluded from the great contest to the east of your position, when you can throw your front forward to include Luray and New Market. General McDowell can doubtless hold Washington in connection. This will at once enable you effectively to combine for such movements against Fairfax [Culpeper Court-House], GordonsviLle, Charlottes- ville, & c., as the case may call for. Hence your successful advance seems to me to open great opportunities, which, well used, will make Richmond itself apprehensive. I have ventured tl~us to state the ulterior advantages which may be said to rest on Strasburg and especially on Front Royal as bases, be- lieving that from your kind and respectful consideration, which I wish gratefully to acknowledge, I need fear no misconstruction of exceeding my duty. Conceiving as I do that you should have force sufficient promptly to clear the great valley and establish easy co-operation with General McDowell, I lay less stress on local defenses than on active movement, and can only propose defenses for the chief points in the railroads base line. Very respectfully, yours, & c., E. B. HUNT, Captain of Engineers. DEPARTMENT OF WAR, Washington, D. 0., ApriL 11, 18629.36 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Comdg. Department of the Rappahannock, Hdqrs. Manassas: Sn~: For the present and until further orders from this Department, you will consider the national capital as especially under your protec- tion, and make no movement throwing your force out of position for the discharge of this primary duty. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. CATLETTS, April 11, 1862. ion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The order for the transfer of Franklins division to Fort Monroe is received. He leaves this evening for Alexandria. IRVIN McDOWELL. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 11, 1862. Major-General BANKS, Woodstock: Where is Blenker, and what are his orders? Please answer immedi~ ately. There is no news to-day. Nothing doing atYorktown, on accoun Page 67 Clii?. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 67 of bad weather and bad roads. Where is General Shields? Please state the position of your force. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WOODSTOCK, April 11.7 a. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Blenker left Warrenton the 6th instant for Strasburg. He was to join General Fr6mont, but to report to me for temporary duty on his arrival here; that finished, to go to Winchester and report to you for orders. He is now en route for this line, but at what point I dont know. General McClellan gave me this information. General Shields arrived here last evening from Strasburg. His arm is doing well. My advance brigade is in Edenburg, Colonel Gordon commanding; General Shields division on the right, in the rear of Edenburg about 3 miles; two brigades of General Williams division between Edenburg and Woodstock, on the left; artillery and cavalry in similar positions. They include about 12,000. General Abercrombies brigade is at War. renton. Colonel Geary is ordered to the line of the road to protect General McCallums bridge-builders. Large detachments are protect. ing railroad bridges, towns, & c., in our rear. I reported by letter ex- act position of all my forces, detached and otherwise, some days since. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Wa8hington City, D. C., April 11, 1862. Brigadier.General BOSECRANS: GENERAL: You will proceed forthwith to Strasburg by the quickest route and thence to Brigadier.General Blenkers division, and cause the force to move as speedily as possible by way of Winchester to Harpers Ferry, there to report to Major-General Fr6mont for orders. This division has been detached from the Army of the Potomac to join General Fr6monts command. You will also see and confer with Major-General Banks, ascertain the position of his force, and also the state of the force at Winchester. You are authorized to give such orders as may in your judgment be required for the service in respect to Blenkers division, and may exercise whatever discretionary authority may be necessary to place Blenkers division in its proper position and within the orders of General Fr6mont. You will report to the Department at every telegraphic station, and ask for such other and further instructions as may be required. Yours, EDWIN M. STANTON. WHEELING, VA., April 11, 186g. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Will you inform me what is the strength of Blenkers division an Page 68 68 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. when may I expect it at Harpers Ferry I Was my dispatch of the 8th concerning transportation received? Major. General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 11, 1862. Major.General FR~ThIONT, Wheeling: The transportation you requested has been ordered. Blenker was between Strasburg and Winchester at last reports, with orders to join you. It would be well for you to send a competent officer with your orders to him and to direct his march. The Enfleld rifles are ordered to be sent as soon as they can be had. Nothing new at the West or from Yorktown. EDWIN M. STANTON Secretary of ~ WHEELING, April 11, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your dispatch concerning Blenker just received. Still I have need in different quarters for all the troops in the department. Especially I desire immediately to move troops to the support of General Milroy. His scouts were skirmishing to.day with rebel cavalry, 6 miles in ad. vance of Monterey. General Milroy has encountered severe weather in the mountains. Heavy snow. Streams everywhere flooded, and communication interrupted. J. C. FRI3~MONT, Major.General. WHEELING, VA., April 11, 186210.30 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON Secretary o/ War: I have immediate need of all the force in the department, specially to sustain General Milroy and operate with him. Are all the troops within the limits of my department subject to my direction and com- mand? J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 11, 1862. Major-General FR]~MONT, Wheeling: The troops operating in your department under General Morgan are not subject to your direction; all others are. Bienkers division will be hurried on to Harpers Ferry as fast as possible, where they will be subject to your orders. EDWIN M. STANTON Secretary of War Page 69 Cu~ir. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 69 CUMEERLAND, April 11 1862 Capt. MBERT TRACY, (Received Wheeling, Va., Aprii 11, 1862.) Assistant Adjutant-General: I learn by dispatches from both Romney and Moorefield that the melting of snow yesterday and to-day keeps the streams and roads im- passable. General Milroy sends from Moorefield dispatches dated at Monterey, which are telegraphed me from Romney, the contents of which I will forward by mail. The more pressing items this: The late rains have raised the Greenbrier past fording and stopped my supply trains, and I shall soon be in want. The state of roads and river make it impossible for me to help Gen- eral Milroy with a train from this direction. My troops at Moorefleld are themselves without supplies. ROBT. C. SCHENOK, Brigadier-General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 11, 1862. Brig. Gen. B. H. MILROY, Monterey: Do not go beyond Monterey until further orders. Concentrate your troops as much as possible. Employ yourself actively in exterminat- big such guerrillas as may show themselves in the rear of your posi- tion, and keep me fully informed of the movements of the enemy. J. C. FRflMOKT. FAYETTEVILLE, , 1862. (Received Charleston, April 11, 1862.) General Cox: Captain Havens, with Company G, and Lieutenant Bacon, Company K, returned from scout. Were detained by high waters. Were very - successful. Crossed New River and Greenbrier. West 0 miles to Monroe. Found many friends, and the enemy in great panic. Prison- ers as before reported. Very respectfully, E. P. SCAMMOK, Colonel Brigade. CHARLESTON, April 11, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FRI~MONT, Wheeling: The storm which began on Sunday last is only jQst over. Colonel Crooks detachment did not succeed in getting to Bulltown; were stopped by flooded streams. They, however, learned that the party of bushwhackers was only about 30 and had scattered. Can half of Colonel Trimbles regiment at Gallipolis be ordered to Point Pleasant, so that I may send the Eleventh Ohio to the head of navigation ~? I wish to do this so as not to crowd transportation of troops on the boats later. The news from Greenbrier and Mercer is encouraging, and makes me strongly desirous of occupying both Lewisburg and 2Newbern at the earliest moment possible. Is it intended that the cipher shall be in the hands of the telegrap Page 70 70 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHA1~. XXIV. operators and not in those of commanding officers? This is the pres- ent arrangement here. The cipher has never been furnished to me. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE EAPPAHANNOCK, Catletts, April 12, 1862. (Received Washington, April 12, 1862, 7.50 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Two of the brigades of infantry and the cavalry of Franklins division which were in advance of this place, left last night and this morning foi~ Alexandria. The other brigades and the artillery marched back from Bristoe. The position of the troops is now as follows: Brigadier-General Abercrombie, as heretofore, is at Warrenton Junc- lion. Bayards regiment of cavalry and one regiment of Kings in- fantry aVCatletts Station. Guarding the railroad hence to Bristoe one regiment of Kings infantry. The remainder of Kings division is at Bristoe. McCalls division is at Manassas. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Major-General BANKS, Woodstock: Washington, April 12, 1862. Blenkers division is reported to be at Salem, between Front Royal apd Manassas Jnnction.# General Bosecrans is on the road between Winchester and Harpers Ferry to take temporary command of the division to bring it into position. Blenker is said to be disabled by a fall from his horse. Please take means to ascertain his condition and report to me immediately. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Col. D. 0. MCCALLUM: Washington, April 12, 1862. The following telegram just received: WOODSTOCK, April 12, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The Winchester Railway has become utterly unserviceable. The road-bed spreads so that a heavy train cannot pass. It becomes of the highest possible necessity that the completion of the Manassas road and bridges should be pressed with vigor. We are now 70 miles in advance of our supplies, with only wagon trains for transporta- tion. Until relieved we cannot advance permanently. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding, 4~c. Push the work on Manassas road to completion with the utmost dispatch. EDWIN M. STANTON Secretary of War. For correspondence between Fr6mont and Rosecrans in reference to this division, see Part I, pp. 27, 2 Page 71 Cah.P. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 71 WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 12, 1862. Brigadier-General ROSECRANS, Winchester: Blenkers division is reported to be at Salem, near the line of the Manassas Gap road, between Front Royal and Manassas Junction. General Fr6mont directs that Blenker go to Moorefield. It may be well to go across from Strasburg The route, however, is left to your discretion. Blenker is said to be disabled by a fall from his horse. You will take command until the division reaches the destination designed by General Fr6mont. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretar3.1 of War. WINCHESTER, VA., April 12, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, 8ecretary of War: After 30 miles ride reached here at 10.30 p. m. Nine miles of the roads execrable. Travel would render them nearly impassable. The railroad is nearly broken down. I suggest the prompt repair by the Eighth New York Cavalry, now without horses. Your dispatch re- ceived, and shall assume command and direct column accordingly. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier-General. WHEELING, VA., April 12, 186210 a. m. Hon. E. N. STANTON, Secretary of War: Agreeably to telegram of last night I send an officer to direct the march of Blenkers division. It best suits my plans, and will involve the least expense, that the division march directly to Moorefield. Will you give such directions as may be necessary to further the movement? J. C. FR1~MONT. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 12, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling, Va.: Blenker is reported to be at Salem, between Front Royal and Manaa- sas Junction. I have sent General Rosecrans to take command until the division is brought in position for your command. It will proba- bly go from Strasburg across to Moorefield, where you request it to be posted. EDWIN N. STANTON, Secretary of War. MONTEREY, April 12, 1862. (Received Wheeling, April 12, 1862.) Major-General FR~MONT: I learn from various sources that robbers, tltieves, and murderers are organizing, under the name of guerrillas, for the purpose of robbing, plundering, and devastating the counties of Western Virginia. On Page 72 72 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. of the cut-throats captured by my forces a short time since had a num- l)er of blank commissions from Governor Letcher for guerrilla captains and lieutenants. Would suggest that, if there is a live Governor at Wheeling, lie be sent out into the different connties to hold meetings, organize the civil and military powers, and form Union home guards for protection of their homes, and to relieve the United States troops now scattered at various posts and stations. I am greatly crippled by details made for these purposes, and if I could but have the full regi- ments of my command I will go wherever you order or permit. Two guns and a portion of the men of Captain Ijymans battery are left at Beverly for want of transportation. If you can cause the immediate filling of the requisition made by Captain Hyman upon Major Clary it will give me one full and efficient battery and greatly oblige me. If you will order supplies for inc to ~ew Creek I will put all my transportation on the line between this and that point. Would suggest that Government stores, except subsistence, be withdrawn from Cheat Mountain, Elkwater, Huttonsville, Beverly, and Buckliannon, and re- moved to Clarksburg or Grafton, and the United States troops with- drawn from the line, except a few Virginia troops to keep down the guerrillas. Colonel Harris, of the Tenth Virginia, reports to me still. The distance between us and the difficulty of forwarding orders to him have compelled me to order him in case of threatened danger to report the same to your headquarters for your orders. I hope this will meet your approval. R. II. MILBOY, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 12, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. H. MLLRoY, Monterey: Call in your forces, concentrate your troops, and prepare to defend your position. General Schenck has been ordered to send forward his cavalry to make a demonstration toward Franklin. Your men behaved well. Make them my thanks for it. J. C. FRflMONT. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 12, 1862. Brig. Gen. B. H. MILROY, Monterey: General Schenck reports the following by telegraph: A citizen taken into Jacksons camp and discharged last Monday at Mount Jack- ~on says it was reported among tlie soldiers that Jackson had three days before sent the Greenbrier force, 400 strong, to Moorefield; that Colonel Monroe is at New Market and without any force. General Schenck discredits the report, but forwards it for what it is worth. He goes to Bomney to-morrow en route to Moorefield. Blenkers division is marching toward Moorefleld. J. C. FRflMOI4T. CATLETTS STATION, April 13, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTO~N, Secretary of War: An intelligent negro, belonging to one John McCoy, an officer i Page 73 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 73 the Virginia Militia, of Stafford County, has just come in, and says his master returned this morning from Fredericksburg to his home in Richmond, and told his wife in the negros presence that all the enemys troops had left Fredericksburg for Richmond and Yorktown, the last of them leaving Satnrday morning. This has just been confirmed by another negro. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Wa8hington, April 13, 1862. Major-General FRft~IoNT, Wheeling: Captain Pilsen will be ordered to report to you immediately. The temporary absence of the disbursing clerk has delayed the transmission of the funds you asked, but it will be done to-morrow. General Mitchel has seized Huntsville, Ala., an operation that is regarded as of great importance. No important movement has yet taken place at Yorktown, but vigorous preparations are going on. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WHEELING, April 13, 1862. Hon. B. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: There are two full regiments at Columbus, Ohio, completely armed and equipped. I need them for a contingency. Can they be ordered by telegraph to report to me for duty~ I have had no report for or concerning General Morgan. ~. C. FR~MONT, Major-General, Commanding. WHEELING, April 13, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Can I not have a pontoon train ordered immediately to Cumberland I My movements are very much impeded for want of one. The rivers and creeks are all swollen and still rising. Troops have been and are greatly delayed between Romney and Moorefield. J. C. FR1~MOKT, Major-General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 13, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Woodstock: Will you send the following to General Rosecrans, who has been dis- patched to bring up the Blenker division, to wit: Get forward the division as rapidly as possible. Hurry forward at least one bri- gade to Moorefield to meet a contingency. J. C. FR1~MONT Page 74 74 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. lilY. HEADQUiRTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 13, 1862. Brig. Gen. B. 0. SCHENCK, Cumberland: General Milroys pickets were attacked yesterday by a force of about 1,000 infantry, two companies of cavalry, and two pieces of artillery. The skirmishing was brisk for some time, but the rebels were finally repulsed with considerable loss. If General Banks has not yet advanced so that you are not yet pre- pared to move your infantry, send forward your entire force of cavalry to make a demonstration toward Franklin. J. C. FR]~1VJONT. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 13, 1862. Brig. Gen. B. C. SCHENOK, Oumberland: Every effort has been used to get from the Department the necessary transportation. It is reported to have been ordered, and upon its ar- rival no time will be los~ in forwarding it to you. Blenkers division is moving toward Moorefield. Advance to that place as rapidly as possible. J. C. FRflMOI~TT. WINCHESTER, VA., April 13, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Yours giving Blenkers position received. Am studying distances, roads, supplies, & c., with a view to move via Thorntons Gap to Har- risonburg. Await answer from McDowell, Blenker, and Banks to pro. pose something promising, as far as seen. W. S. ROSECRAI{S, Brigadier-General, U. ~. Army. WINCHESTER, VA., April 13, 1862. E. M. STANTON: Difficulty in getting forage increases as troops advance. It will take system. Recommend that quartermasters be instructed to gather from the country systematically, without distressing. Fix moderate prices, and pay in United States bills. Confederates give scrip, not certifi- cates. Bills will give satisfaction, and create an interest in our success. Prompt pay will cut off all complaints. W. 5. ROSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Wheeling, Va, April 13, 1862. Brig. Gen LORENZO THOMAS, Adjutant-General U. S. Army, Waehington, D. 0.: SIR: I received to-day your note of the 9th, inclosing Major-Genera Page 75 Ca& p. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.TJNION. 75 ilallecks General Orders, No. 9, sent to me by direction of the Secre- tary of War. This order does not furnish me with any information which I did not already have. The trial by military commission of offenses not properly the subject of a court-martial was ordered by me and practiced under my administration in Missouri. The question which I submitted to the decision of the Secretary of War referred rather to the mode of punishment and to the expediency of a public declaration concerning it than to the form of trial. The subject is comprehended in the two following points: 1st. What course shall be pursued toward officers and men of the rebel army who, formerly citizens of Virginia, are now returning into this department, claiming for themselves immunity in person and prop- erty, upon the ground chiefly that they have thought it now expedient to abandon the Confederacy and consequently desire to resume their old allegiance? The people of the Wheeling government are strongly opposed to the return of these persons among them, and in the opinion of Governor Peirpoint their presence here would involve the most seri- ous difficulties. 2d. What course shall be pursued in relation to guerrillas bearing the commission of Governor Letcher or other Confederate authority? Much excitement has been created among the people here by a knowl- edge of the fact that numerous bands are being organized in this de- partment under the sanction of the Confederate authorities. It is offi- cially reported to me that many commissions for this purpose have been sent into Western Virginia by Governor Letcher, and such commissions have been recently found upon the persons of guerrillas. Such bands are already making their appearance in different counties, and are only waiting the coming of the leaves to go fully into their work. Whether as guerrillas or spies, the sense of~ the country here is that these people should be summarily and severely punished. Concerning these points there is entire unanimity of opinion between Governor Peirpoint and myself as well as with the public sentiment, but I judged them suffi- ciently important to require reference to the War Department I ac- cordingly desired to know if I should act without special instructions. It seems also expedient, and would give general satisfaction, that the course of proceeding to be adopted should be made known for the information of all parties interested. I have to ask that you will procure me an early reply from the Secre- tary of War, and meantime I will, so far as possible, defer final action in any case. Respectfully, your obedient servant, ~. C. FRfl~OKT, Major-General, Commanding. WOODSTOCK, April 14, 1862noon. General LORENZO THOMAS Adjutant-General U. A~. Army, Washington, D. C.: GENERAL: Your dispatch covering instructions from the Secretary of War authorizing a military contributiou of 1,500 horses on the terri- tory we occupy was duly received by telegraph. The written instruc * Publishing proceedings of a Military Commission in cases of certain guerrillas and marauders Page 76 76 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. tions sent by mail, but understood to be of the same import, are not yet received.* The mail travels very slowly, but it is daily improving. So far as possible the order of the Secretary will be put in immediate execution. The number of horses remaining in this country is far less than that suggested in the order. I doubt if here are 300 serviceable horses in the whole of this country, from Harpers Ferry to our out- posts. What we can we will do. I am impressed with the conviction that the Department misappre- hends the cause of our difficulties. It is not because of the immense quantities of supplies hauled from Harpers Ferry to this piont, as sug. gested~by the Quartermaster-General, or that we had failed to levy upon the country through which we pass for such supplies as it could furnish, which has been constantly done, but because our whole transportation with its supplies was suddenly aid accidentally swept away from us for a period of nearly ten days. The diversion of our entire wagon train to Manassas, turning over our supplies at that post and then returning here, and the substantial breaking up of the Winchester road, upon which we exclusively relied, for 32 miles, at the same time, by which we were suddenly deprived of our entire transportation for an uncertain period, caused our alarm. As soon as we are restored to our original condition, with such addi- tional wagons as are needed for General Shields division, which has now not more than a hundred, mostly two-horse wagons, we shall get on without trouble. Our exigency was sudden and temporary, but for the time a source of great danger. The Department, I fear, greatly overrates the resources of this coun- try. The representations as to Clarke County will not be sustained as to extent of forage by the facts. It is a wheat country, raising but little hay at any time. It has been occupied by two armies, and is ex- hausted on the lines of the roads. Measures have been taken to ascer- tain its full extent immediately. Our force has been supported in a very great degree by levies upon the country, for which we have given receipts. Comparatively little has been brought to us for the reason I have giventhe temporary failure of our transportation. We had contemplated for this day an enterprise brought to the at- tion of the Secretary by Captain Hunt, but the condition of the numer- ous streams kept up by the snow from the mountains makes it imprac- ticable for the day. It will not be deferred one hour beyond the time when it can be safely undertaken. I am greatly indebted to the Secretary for the continued reports of the progress of events eastward. I am general, with much respect, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WOODSTOOK, April 14, 1802.9 p. in. General LORENZO THOMAS, Adjutant- General U. S. Army: The Secretarys dispatches received. We have yet no news of Gen- eral Blenker. He is nearer to Manassas than to us. There are not 200 horses in this valley from Harpers Ferry up to this point that are fit See Stanton to Banks, April 9, p. 61, copy of whicli was telegraphed Page 77 Cu& p. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 77 for public service. We have pressed many and have foraged very heavily, giving receipts for property taken. There is some forage be- tween Winchester and Charlestown, but far less than is represented. We shall support our force from the country as far as possible, accord- ing to the Secretarys directions, sending our cavalry back for support until wanted instead ottransporting forage here. Some skirmishing to-night, but no new developments. N. P. BANKS, Miajor- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 14, 18628.45 a. m. Colonel MCOALLUM, Chief of Staff: No repairs will be made on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad be- yond Cedar Run. All work in that direction will be limited to the rebuilding of the Cedar Run bridge, which so arrange that it may serve for a roadway for wagons. Place your disposable force on the Manassas Gap road, which push to completion as fast as possible. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department. WINCHESTER, Vi., April 14, 1862. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Have sent instructions, and asking full information from Blenker. Move cannot be made in less than eight days from Strasburg. Will telegraph you. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier-General. STRASBURG, April 14, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Roads magnificent. Blue Ridge covered with snow. Skirmish on the front. Hope the operations you spoke of may be yours at last. Telegraph extended no farther for want of material. Shall go to Woodstock to-night. Blenker at Berrys Ferry. Reports it three days to cross. W. S. ROSEORAKS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. WHEELING, April 14, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Milroy telegraphs that he learns that General Johnson was personally present at the reconnaissance of the 12th; that the enem Page 78 78 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIV. had about 1,200 infantry, 300 cavalry, and two pieces of artillery. I suppose Johnson to mean Jackson. Would it not be well to order the Ohio regiments asked for in my dispatch of yesterday to move to Point Pleasant, and report to me from that place? J. C. FR]~)MONT Major-General, Gomman~fling. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 14, 1862. Brig. Gen. JACOB D. Cox, Charleston: Direct General Crook to send on Thursday next detachments from Sutton and Summervile into Webster County to destroy the guerrilla organization there. Lieutenant-Colonel Harris is directed to send a detachment on the same day from Weston. These forces must co- operate, and, if possible, put a final stop to all guerrilla raising in that quarter. The detachments should place themselves in communication with each other; move without any baggage and with the utmost rapidity. Answer. Horses are being purchased for your batteries according to requisition. J. C. FRI~MONT. WOODSTOCK, April 15, 186211 p. m. General MCCLELLAN, Year Yorktown: The progress of Fr6monts troops on the west, toward Staunton, alarmed Jackson, who has moved above New Market. His marching orders provided one days rations only. Ashby still here. We have a sleepless eye upon him, and are straining every nerve to advance as quickly as possible. N. P. BANKS, Major-General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 15, 1862. Brig. Gen. JACOB D. Cox, Charleston: By telegram yesterday, to which no answer has yet been received, I directed you to order detachments from Sutton and Summerville to co-operate with Lieutenant-Colonel Harris from Weston on Thursday next, for the purpose of extirpating the guerrillas in Webster County. Colonel Harris telegraphs that 100 men from Buckhannon and Camp Canaan will proceed to Addison, in Webster County, on Thursday. A detachment will go from Builtown to Addison on the same day. Twenty-five men from Weston will join 50 men at Sutton, and proceed on Thursday, so as to join the other detachments at Addison on Friday afternoon. You will secure the proper co-operation from Summerville. Answer. J. C. F1U~MONT Page 79 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 79 HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, ApriL 15, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. H. Mrn~o~, Monterey: Lieutenant-Colonel Harris has been ordered to send detachments from Weston, Camp Canaan, Buckhannon, and Builtown on Thursday next to break up the guerrilla organization in Webster County. Forces from Summerville and Sutton will co-operate with him. J. C. FRflMONT. CHARLESTON, April 15, 1862. Col. GEORGE CROOK, Summerville: Lieutenant-Colonel Harris will on Thursday send a detachment from Weston to attempt the destruction of the guerrilla organization in Web. ster County. You are ordered to send detachments on same day and to notify the post commandant of Sutton to co-operate. All the parties will place themselves in communication with each other and act in con. cert, moving without baggage. Send 200 men, and make the effort to surround and destroy the bushwhackers. Above instructions received to-day from Wheeling. By command of J. D. Cox, brigadier-general, commanding: G. M. BASCOM, Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General. CHARLESTON, April 15, 1862. Col. GEORGE CROOK2 TMrty-sixth 0kw Volunteers, Summerville: I am directed by General Cox to send the following more minute infor. mation in regard to the expedition to Webster County, ordered this morning: One hundred men from Buckhannon and Camp Canaan will proceed to Addison, in Webster County, on Thursday. A detachment will go from Builtown to Addison on the same day. Twenty-five men from Weston will join 50 men at Sutton and proceed on Thursday, so as t& join the other detachment at Addison on Friday afternoon. See that your party co-operates with them. Very respectfully, G. M. BASCOM, Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General. SPECIAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 82. f Washington, April 15, 1862. I. Brig. Gen. J. B. Ricketts, U. S. Volunteers, will report for duty to Major-General McDowell, commanding Department of the Rappahan. nock. * 0 0 0 0 By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS Adjutant.& eneral Page 80 80 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOOK, Catlett8 Station, April 16, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Brigadier-General Abercroinbie, commanding at Warrenton Juno. tion, telegraphs to me to-day, first, that an unauthorized foraging party of 5 cavalry, under a captain, was fired upon by a party of rebel cav- alry to.day 3 miles southeast of the Junction; that contrabands report the enemy are to cross to-nighta report the general is not inclined to believe. He has just telegraphed that the reconnoitering party he sent out has just returned. Was fired upon by rebel pickets from the other side of the river; one horse shot. Previous reports of their throwing up intrenchments confirmed, but no bridge, as reported, found. The gen. eral reports that from the best information he has a force of 5,000 or 6,000 men is there, under General Smith. All of General Kings divis- ion and Bayards cavalry are here at Catletts Station. One brigade of Bayards cavalry are to leave to-morrow on the expedition I spoke to ~ou of. One of McCalls brigades is ordered to Bristoe. The remainder of the division is still at Manassas. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCIC, Gatletts Station, Va., April 16, 1862. Brig. Gen. C. C. AUGUR, Commanding First Brigade, Kings Division: GENERAL: The major-general commanding directs you to proceed with your brigade, Gibbons battery, a section of Gerrishs battery, eight companies of Davies, and eight companies of Bayards cavalry to Fred- ericksburg. It is represented that there is a regiment of cavalry on this side, and another, perhaps two, on the other side, of the Rappahannock. There are three bridges, one of them the railroad bridge, at or near Fredericksburg, which it is understood the enemy is prepared to burn at an approach. It is desirable with reference to ulterior operations that these bridges be saved. You will organize your force into an advance, to consist of one regiment of infantry, one section of light artillery, and a squadron or battalion of cavalry; a main body of two regiments of infantry, Gib- bons battery, and the remainder of Davies cavalry and a reserve of two regiments of infantry and Bayards cavalry. All your baggage with jyour reserve. Have the advance go as light as possible, and move with the greatest celerity. The su~cess will mainly depend on this. If you come up with any of the enemy attack at once; they are de- moralized, and must not be suffered to take heart by delay or hesitat- ing. It is reported the enemy are in force on the right bank of the North Fork of the Rappahannock. Look out well for your right flank. Take two days subsistence in the haversacks, four days in wagons, and beef on hoof. A supply of subsistence and forage will be sent tin- der a guard to Aquia Creek. So soon, therefore, as you reach Freder- icksburg send your empty wagons under convoy by the road to th Page 81 CHAP. xxiv.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 81 landing on Aquia Creek for forage and subsistence. As you have lim- ited forage, and as there is forage in the country through which you march, you will obtain it from the farmers, ordering receipts to be given, having it taken up regularly ou your quartermasters returns and ac- counted for. Report both to this place awl to Aqnia Creek as soon as you can, and as often and as minutely as possible, both as to the strength and position of the enemy. In the uncertainty as to the state of affairs you may find at Freder- icksburg, and in the fullest confidence in your ability and discretion, as well as in your enterprise, no specific orders as to the manner of post- ing your troops need be given. Tue object to be attaine(1 is to defeat the enemy wherever you find him; to save the bridges if you can do so - to follow up the enemy by cavalry if he is retreating, and be on the watch against Surl)rise. Keep your men from marauding or straggling by the most rigid amid inflexible discipline you can enforce, not hesita- ting to shoot omi the spot any one ~vhoin you may fiumd firing houses, committing violence on women, or other crimes. This is due to the masses of good men you have the honor to command. If you find it wilt aid you in getting forward place the infantry by the cavalry, that they may hold on to the stirrup and have their arms carried by the latter. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCURIVER, J2ieutenant-Colonel and Chief of Staff. WoonsToCK, April 16, 18Q2. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Jackson has moved below New Market with his infantry force. Ashby still here. The approach of General Fr6monts troops toward Stanuton excites alarm. Blenker is at Berrys Ferry, opposite Mill- wood, in Shenandoah; Cokftmel Geary at White Plains, protecting bridge-builders. Cars run over the bridge at Harpers Ferry all day, and also over the road. Rain all day. General Rosecrans left Wood- stock this morning Had full interviewoplimions concurring. K P. BANKS, Major- General. WINCHESTER, VA., April 16, 1862. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Blenker left Hunters Chapel Mam~~h 10. They have beemi since that wandering without tents, shelter, or knapsacks, with but four wagons ~er regiment at first. Theim clothing is worn, shoes gone, no pay since December. Not much wonder they stole and robbed. Shoes and cloth- ing should be sent, and the Paymaster-General ordered to pay for Jan- uary and February immediately, to arrest demoralization. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier-General. 6 R RVOL XII, PT 117 Page 82 82 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. XXIV. Hon. E. M. STANTON, WINCHESTER, VA., April 16, 1862. Secretary of War: Messenger sent out with copy of order, and mine based thereon met General Blenker at Paris and Berrys Ferry and brought reply, which was telegraphed to Strasburg 10 oclock fast night, grumbling at your order, and failing to report the strength, condition of ammunition, camp equipage, supplies of subsistence, transportation, and forage. I telegraphed immediately at this place, to be forwarded to him, that your orders left me and him no discretion; that he was not to surren- der his command, but obey my orders, and calling for information. Messenger not yet returned. W. S. ROSEORANS. Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. WINCHESTER VA Hon. E. M. STANTON, , ., April 16, 1862. Secretary of War: An officer in from Blenkers. Three regiments of Bohlens brigade crossed Berrys Ferry. The last one lost 60 men and 2 officers, drowned by upsetting the boat. This stopped further crossing there. The re- maining troops go to Snickers Ferry. If you approve my plan orders ought to come at once. General Fr6mont will not need more than one brigade until he gets down below Staunton. The combined movement will make it easy to re-enforce him from General Banks, while the mt. ter c~in draw from the remainder of the division toward Luray. W. S. ROSECRANS. Brig. Gen. LORENZO THOMAS, WINCHESTER, VA., April 16, 1862. Adjutant- General, U. S. Army: GENERAL: I have just received the inclosed report of an unfortunate occurrence at Berrys Ferry, over the Shenandoah, by which we have lost a captain and 60 men, drowned by the upsetting of the ferry-boat. It is evident that there was a want of order and discipline, by which the men were permitted to stand up and wear their knapsacks. It also shows there was no adequate provision of ropes and other means of crossing fords or ferries niade to accompany this division; a matter which if not promptly attended to will work us yet further and greater injuries. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 1AT. S. IIOSECRAKS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. [Iuolosure.l HEADQUARTERS BLENKERS DIVISION, lion. E. M. STANTON, Pari8, Va.. April 15, 1862. Secretary of War: SIR: Annexed please find copy of an original report of the com- mander of the Third Brigade of the division, Colonel Bohlen, concern Page 83 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 83 ing a most unfortunate occurrence that happened as a dosing scene to the crossing of the Shenandoah River. All the transfers across the river preceding the above have met with more or less impediments, but have been accomplished without accident; even the one mentioned could have been avoided if the leader of that company would have acted with that coolness and self-possession that ought to guide the commander of a small squad, and the more so that of a company. The captain has paid for this accident with his life. The occurrence took place this p. m. at 4 oclock, and I hasten to hand you this report through brigade quartermaster, Lieut. John Weik, who was personally present while it happened. Waiting your further orders, I am, sir, very respectfully, your obe- dient servant, LOUIS BLENKEIR. [Sub-inclo8ure.] HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, BLENKERS DIVISION, BerryR Ferry, April 15, 1862. Brig. 0-en. LouIs BLENKER, Commanding Divi8ion: GENERAL: It is my painful duty to report to you that a serious acci- dent occurred to-day in crossing the Shenandoah. Three regiments of my brigade had crossed in safety with their ambulances and staff horses on the floats we had improvised with our limited means, and one com- pany of the Fortieth Regiment (Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers) had already passed the water in perfect safety on the old ferry-boat, which we had discovered 2~- miles below here, and which we repaired this morning, when the second company of about 60 men and officers, on reaching the strongest part of the current, by pressing too much forward, caused the water to run into the boat, and commenced hauling on the ropes, running the boat against the current and increasing the pressure forward. There was no danger whatever of the boat sinking, but a panic struck the men and they rushed to the starboard side, causing it to keel over, precipitating its entire contents into the river. Only two small skift~ were at hand to save the drowning men, who were rapidly carried down the stream. As far as can be ascertained 40 lives have been lost, amongst which Captain Wilson, brigade commissary; Capt. Christian Wyck, Seventy- fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and Lieutenant Winter, Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. A list of the non-commissioned officers and privates will be furnished as soon as a correct one can be made out. No blame can be atta4~hed to any one. The accident was caused by a sudden panic. Respectfully, H. BOULEN, Colonel, Commanding Third Brigade. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Hon. E. M. STANTON, Wheeling, Va., April 16, 1862. Secretary of War: DEAR SIR: I desire to call your attention to the great and increasing want of cavalry in this department. There are now scattered at som Page 84 84 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXLV. thirteen different points twenty-two companies in all. Of these prob- ably not more than seven or eight ~vilI be available for active operations in the field, the remaining companies being absolutely necessary for the protection of the railroad and stores, and to keep iii check the mounted guerrillas, now infesting Grecubrier, Braxton, Webster, Poca- hontas, Calhoun, Gilmer, and other counties, and who are reported as increasing. As we advance other companies of cavalry ~vill have to be left iii our rear. Reports from the several district commanders show that even of the force at my disposal but a very small portion is fit for active duty; the condition of the arms and horses is reported to be bad, and the disci- l)line very imperfect. Every effort has been made, and will continue to be made, to improve its condition, but under the most favorable cir- cumustances this is a work of time, and cavalry is needed for imme- diate use. I have beemi informed unofficially that the cavalry force in General Blenkers division amounts to only 600. Wheu this is added to the troops miow in the department our force will still be far too small for the objects desired. I regard it therefore as of vital importance to the success of the plans we have in view that at least two regiments of cavalry, thoroughly (Irilled and equipped, should be or(lered to report to me forthwith. Respectfully, yonr obedient servant, J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. SUiVIMERVILLE, W. VA., April 16, 1862. Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Assistant Adjutant-General, U. S. Army, Charleston, W. Va.: CAPTAIN: I have the honor to inform you that Major Andrews, with the required number of ii~ei~, leaves in the morning for Addison by the Cranberry road; will arrive at the former place at the specified time. I have but little hope of the expedition accomplishing anything, for, in the first place, it is impossible for ally body of troops to march on them without their being apprised of it, and it is impossible to force them to fight unless they want to, for they carry little or no baggage, and can live on little or nothing. When approached they disintegrate and hide iii the mountains until all (laliger is over, when they again reassemble for fresh depredations. In the second place, the large majority of these bushwhackers are kept in Greenbrier County and Lewisburg, and they only sally out by times to Webster and vicinity to commit depreda- tions, and chances are that they will be back in Greenbrier before our troops arrive at Addison. In going to aIm(l froni GreemibrieF they always travel on the road that passes Coal Knob, some 18 miles from Lewis- burg. My idea was, if allowed to take Lewisburg, to send part of my regiment on the Wilderness road with baggage, & c., and to take tie remainder myself via Coal Knob (which.I could do unbeknown to them), keep them all ahead of me, and those I did not kill wouldnt stol) run- ning until they got east of the Blue Ridge. Besides, in going this route I could either come in rear of this fortified ridge or go to Lewmsburg by by-roads, and not go on the pike at all; also could send a force by a by-road to Greenbrier Bridge and cut off their retreat before attacking them at Lewisburg Page 85 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 85 I am thoroughly convinced that bushwhacking about Sutton, Bull- towki, & c., will not cease until Lewisburg and Greenbrier are cleaned out, for they support these men by donation. By roads taken by these men, Builtown, Sutton, and this place are nearly equidistant from Lewisburg. So long as Federal troops remain here these people will not raise a hand to defend themselves, but rather seem to consider when they lose property or life that we are responsible for it; but when we all leave here they will have to depend on themselves for defense, and, in fact, they could very soon put down these bushwhackers if they would try even now, since they can take them at their own game. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEG. CROOK, Colonel, commanding. WASHINGTON, D. C., April 17, 18626.25 p. m. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of StajJ McDowells Headquarters, Catletts Station: I want McCalls division at Catletts as soon as supplies will permit. If there is subsistence and forage let all of the division march forward to-morrow, leaving only guards at Manassas and Bristoe. [want another brigade of Kings division and two batteries to march to-morrow to Fredericksburg, following up Augur. Give the necessary orders. Send word out to Augur to-night to send a squadron of his cavalry to the Aquia Creek Landing, the terminus of the railroad, as soon as he can to-morrow. Acknowledge receipt, and have operator repeat back this message. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Catletts Station, Va., April 17, 1862. Brig. Gen. C. C. AUGUR, Commanding Brigade: GENERAL: Major-General McDowell directs that you send a squadron of your cavalry to the Aquia Creek Landing, foe terminus of the rail- road, as soon as you can to-morrow. Another brigade of Kings division and t~vo batteries of artillery will march to-morrow to Fredericksburg. The company of cavalry which serves as an escort for the bearer of this order will return as soon as the duty is performed. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHIRIVER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. WHEELING, A 17, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The forces under General Schenck moving from Cumberland and those under General Milroy have succeeded in opening communicatio Page 86 86 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CITAP. XXIV. with each other via Franklin. Detachments from both divisions have visited that place. Franklin is rebellious, but the flag was cheered at points along the road. General Schenck telegraphs that the river is not yet fordable at Moorefleld, and that he has absolute need of a pon- toon bridge with his command. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General, Gommanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 17, 1862. Major-General FR1~iVIONT, Wheeling: Your two telegrams received. Why Trimbles regiment is ordered to Nashville I do not know, but will inquire of Governor Tod. Campbells regiment was ordered there by this Department. There is no pontoon train at the disposal of the Department at this moment, General Mc- Clellan having all; but if one can be had speedily I will procure and send it to General Schenck. We have no important news to-day from the South. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WINCHESTER, VA., April 17, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Blenker, by order, left all the tents at Hunters Chapel, and applied for shelter-tents. For thirty-eight days his troops have had neither. Please order that all his guards and camp and garrison equipage at Hunters Chapel and elsewhere in Department of the Rappahannock be sent without delay, via Alexandria, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to Green Springs, 16 miles east of Cumberland, whence they will pro. ceed by iRomney. If possible give the shelter-tents. They vastly economize horses and expedite movements. W. S. BOSECRANS, Brigadier-General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 17, 1862. Brigadier-General IROSECRANS, Winchester: I am informed that the portion of Blenkers division that had been left here have marched to Harpers Ferry. Last night I had a report from Blenker, delivered by an officer who left them two days ago. Neither of them said a word about the destitution you speak of. If they are in that condition, it shows the greater necessity there was for you to have followed your instructions and by going to them found out their true condition. You will l)lease ascertain and report whether any have arrived at Harpers Ferry. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 87 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 87 WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 17, 1862. Brigadier-General BOSECRANS, Winchester: I have received no information of your plans. Blenkers division is assigned to Fr6mouts command, and no part of it ought to be diverted from that object. Your instructions do not authorize any change of its destination. The Paymaster-General will be directed to make imme- diate payment. I expected you would have gone forward and superin- tended its movements until it came within Fr~monts command. The Quartermaster-General has instructions for supplies. EDWiN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WINCHESTER, VA., A 17, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: All I have done is in careful compliance with your instructions and intentions. The plan referred to was one for a combined movement of Banks, MeD owell, and Fr6mont, and was discussed and approved by Generals Banks and Shields. Telegraphed you in cipher from Stras- burg day before yesterday. In a military point of view I have no doubt of its superior advantages, but I understand that all Blenkers command is to move to Moorefteld with the least possible delay, and am taking steps to conduct them accordingly. As I telegraphed the Secretary they are without any kind of shelter, and now without pro- visions. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. 0., April 17, 1862. Brigadier-General IROSECRANS, Winchester: The Paymaster-General reports that he will send an officer to pay off Blenkers division at Winchester to-day or to-morrow. I never heard of your cipher telegram ulitil to-day, and 1 deeply re- gret that you did not follow my instructions. I hope you will now see that the division is placed in its proper comIuaIl(l, as 1 directed in the first instance. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WINCHESTER, April 17, 1862. (Received Washington, 11 p. in., April 18, 1862.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Provision train, Blenkers command, except the rear guar4, are biv- ouacked this side of the Shenandoah. I come into telegraph office. You will find I have taken the wisest and most expeditious course t Page 88 88 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. effect what you ordered. The cipher used was the military one of last 8ummer. W. S. BOSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. WAR DEPARTMENT, Wa~-hington, April 18, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: Please inform me immediately whether the officer you dispatched after Blenkers division has placed it under your command, and also whether there has been any conference or understanding between your- self and General Banks respecting combined movements. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 18, 1862. Major-General FR]~MoNT, Wheeling, Va.: Upon the representations of General Rosecrans Bleukers division was ordered to be paid off immediately. I wish you would get it under your command, for I cannot understand the delay of its advance. Your understanding with General Banks is well, and I hope for some speedy and useful result from your combined action. Nothing of un- portauce from Yorktown. There have been some sharp engagements, resulting successfully on our side, but with some loss of life. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WHEELING, April 18, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The officer sent by me to conduct Blenkers division to Moorefield was recalled from Cumberland upon receipt of your dispatch advising that General Rosecrans had been (letailed by you for that purpose. General Rosecrans rel)orts the division to-day this side of the Shenan- doali, except rear guard and train, 609, with baggage of the division, are at New Creek, 28 miles west of Cumberland, on the railroad. The under- standing between General Banks and myself thus far extends to keep- ing each other informed of movements and results. Upon arrival of Blenkers division it is my purpose to communicate my plans to Geri- eral Banks, in order to operate in combination with him, so as best to insure mutual support and success. I this moment received General Banks telegram, informing me of the successes at Edenhurg. Without General Blenkers division to support I have considered it inexpedient to advance my lines farther. General Rosecrans informs me that two or three days will be required to pay and clothe the division. Cannot time be saved by having them paid at Moorefield l Please answer. The delays of the division are extraordinary. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General, Commanding Page 89 Cm& r. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 89 WINCHESTER, VA., April 18, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of IATar: After a foil consultation with General Banks have concluded to say: Our troops here, east and west, are idle. One brigade added to Frd- monts force will do all there if combined with the following: Move rest of BJ enkers on Luray, to cut oft Jacksons retreat by Thorntons Gap; Banks to move on Harrisoiiburg; Fr~inont to follow with forces from Mooretield, su~)porting with those at Monterey; thence on Staunton or west, according to circumstances, to sustain the corps of Banks; he to move by Staunton or Browns Gap, to sustain move of the Blenker col- umn toward Culpeper or Stanardsville, Madison, or Charlotte or Gor- (Ion svi1le~ McDowell moves up and sustains this advance, thus turning the lines of Rappahannockand Bapidan, with 50,000, to drive them be- hind the James River, while Fr6monr, closing in, would threaten to turn that line by Lynchburg. W. S. BOSECRANS, Brigadier- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 18, 1862. Brigadier-General IROSECRANS, Winchester, Va.: The President will not sanction the plan you propose until it is more ftully matured and after full conference and agreement by all who are to l)articipate in it. The Department has no evidence from Fr~mont, Banks, or McDo~vell that they have been consulted or will co-operate. When you have obeyed your instructions by placing Blenkers divisioti iiiider General FrPmonts orders you will return immediately to Wash- ington and ~vait or(lers. You will acknowledge this order immediately 111)011 its receipt. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, A 18, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Yours relating to the suggested plan received. Every step taken by me since I left Washington has been as directly to the prompt delivery of the Blei~ker division at Moorefield in serviceable condition as if I had thought of nothing else. Knowing the time that must elapse iii getting Blenker forward I suggested what occurred to me, not pre- suming further than to consult Banks and Shields, for whose approval I gave my word. Fr6monts movements were to be what the plan re- qnired. Banks wished it, and McDoxvell probably would have done so. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. CHARLESTON, April 18, 1862. Col. E. P. SCAMMON, Ralejgh Gourt-House..~ The general commanding the department limits our forward move- ment for the present to the vicinity of Flat Top Mountain. The re Page 90 90 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. CTIAP. XXIV. sons fQr this are connected with a general plan of the campaign, which, I am informed, will be sent me shortly. You will therefore make it your object to get strong positions, which may be held as advanced posts. If Princeton is such a position it can be held, but it does not seem to be the generals desire to have this column advance to the rail- road at once. We shall know more in a very few days. Act at present on the hypothesis that the plan is to keep your force as the extreme right wing in a strong position, not easily turned, and on which the rest of the command in the department will pivot. Your directions to Lieutenant-Colonel Toland are approved. The maps are received, and I am finch obliged for them. I hope you will send copies to General Fr6inont, as you suggested. If you can so arrange that the captured rifles may be put in the hands of thoroughly reliable men, who will organize in some form by which we can keep track of them, I would be glad to have it (lone. If any bushwhack- ing occurs order the troops to give no quarter to such criminals, but destroy them as outlaws. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District. RALEIGH, April 18, 1862. (Received April 19, 1862.) General Cox. Brigadier- General: Floyd is reported with large force of militia and one regiment regu- lar infantry and small force of cavalry on east shore New River, be- tween Greenbrier and mouth of Indian Creek; a smaller force also near mouth of Blue Stone. Can I not act if opportunity serves I I send scouts to the points in question to-morrow morning. E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 18, 1862. Brig. Gen. ROBERT C. SCHENCK, Camp Lee: You are directed to proceed with your forces to Franklin, sending at the same time detachments to Seneca Creek and the North Fork of the South Branch of the Potomac by every practicable road, in order to break up and destroy the guerrilla organization said to exist in that vicinity. General Milroy will be directed to co-operate with you from Monterey. It is expected that the movement can be so timed as to enable you to commence your arrests on Wednesday next. Lieut. Col. T. M. Harris, commanding at Weston, is now engaged in Webster County, and will probably not be able to co-operate actively with you. He will, however, be informed of the movement, and will, if possible, cut off the retreat of the guerrillas through Randolph County by Tygarts Valley River. All adnlt males found at the houses of Syl- vanus Harper, ef Bennett, of iledwick, of Ferris, and the Arbigasses should be arrested, and every effort made to kill or capture all who belong to those bands in that vicinity. Answer. J. C. FR1~MONT Page 91 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 91 HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 18, 1862. Lent. Col. T. M. HARRIS, Weston: General Schenck has been directed to proceed with his forces to Franklin, sending at the same time detachments to Seneca Creek and the North Fork of the South Branch of the Potomac by every practicable road, in order to break up and destroy the guerrilla organizations said to exist in that vicinity. General Milroy will co-operate with him from Monterey, sending detachments (lown the North Fork and by every road south of Franklin by which the rebels could retreat. It is ex- pected that this movement can be so timed as to enable them to tom- mence their arrests on Wednesday next. It is not probable that your command will be in a state to afford active co-operation. Should you, however, in the exercise of your discretion think it practicable you will send detachments to the Tygarts Valley River to watch for two or three days all the passes leading through Randolph County from the North Fork, and kill or capture all the marauders who attempt to escape by those routes. J. C. FRI~MONT. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 18, 1862. Brig. Gen. R. H. MILUGY, 2lfonterey: General Schenck has been directed to proceed with his forces to Franklin, sending at the same time detaihments to Seneca Creek and the North Fork of the South Branch of the Potomac by every practi- cable road, in order to break up and destroy the guerrilla organizations said to exist in that vicinity. You will co-operate with him from Mon- terey, sending detachments down the North Fork and by every road south of Franklin by which the rebels could retreat. It is expected that the movements can be so timed as to enable you to commence your arrests on Wednesday next. Lieut. Col. T. M. Harris, commanding at Weston, is now engaged in Webster County, and will probably not be able to co-operate actively with you. He will be informed of the movement, however, and will, if possible, cut off the retreat of the guerrillas through Randolph County by Tygarts Valley River. All adult males found at the houses of Syl- vanus Harper, of Bennett, of Hedwick, of Ferris, and the Arbigasses should be arrested, and every effort made to kill or capture all who belong to those bands in that vicinity. Answer. J. C. FR~MONT. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 18, 1862. Brig. Gen. ROBERT C. SCHENCK Moorefteld: The troops of the department being mainly in the field, the lines of your district, as well as those of General Milroy, are temporarily aban- doned. J. C. FR1~MONT Page 92 92 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. HARPERS FERRY, April 19, 1862. (Received 8.55 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Arrived here 12 last night. Looking after shoes. Picket rope and forage indispen sable to the command before it moves. Bivouacked 5 miles from Winchester. Am pleased to report troops look all right. Like them. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. HARPERS FERRY, VA., April 19, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington, D. C.: SIR: At the risk of being considered too suggestive I take the lib. erty of urging the Government to adopt th% policy of paying the in- habitants of the country we pass through for all property taken from them for public use in Treasury notes instead of giving them certifi- cates, because 1. This mode of payment, supported by the authority of a call for contributions, will promptly give us all the supplies the country can furnish. The importance of this may be conceived in part by consid- ering the expense of our transportation and of even a days delay of a single column. It cannot be overestimated. 2. It will be a great economy. Certificates usually give the highest prices asked and are even then unsatisfactory. In this ~vay we fix fair, mode rate prices, leaving the owners of the property neither option nor legal responsibility for the sale. 3. It has an air of fair dealing, evincing the justice and moderation of that Government which they have so often heard accused of tyr- anny and thievery and oppression by the lawless conspirators, who have tried by every species of falsehood to inspire them with hatred against it. 4. It will at once distinguish between the Government levies and the numberless reckless and thieving appropriations that are now serving to embitter and confirm the weak and wavering inhabitants of this valley against the Union, while familiarity with our bills would inspire both a real interest and a feeling of attachment to the Govern- inent. 5. Our present policy, while it is more expensive, is regarded by them in the light of plunder. They find Government officers have nO fnnds, or their certificates are informal, & c., and abandon hope. The language of our actions should represent truly the energetic but firm and just policy of the Government; not courting but kindly re- garding the true interests and feelings of the people. The effect of this would be felt not only here but all over the valley of Virginia and farther South. It is very important that this policy should be promptly a(lopted. I have asked that the quartermasters and commissaries of Blenkers division be supplied with funds for our march. Veiny respectfully, your obedient servant, W. S. LOSECRANS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army Page 93 CHAP. XXIV.] C01{RESPONJ)ENCE, ETC.UNION. (33 WHEELING, VA., April 19, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANToN, Secretary qf War: General Rosecrans reports to-day from Harpers Ferry as follows: Pleased to say we are bivouacked 5 miles out of Winchester, after thirty-eight days without tents or shelter. Troops wanting shoes too badly to move, but full of energy, with few sick. Wait for shoes, provisions, and forage. Horses much jaded and nearly starved. Here ends the telegram. Will his wants be supplied from Washing- ton? J. U. FR1~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. WHEELING, VA., A 19, 1862. Hon. B. 711. STANTON, Secretary of lVar: In the position now occupied by General Blenkers division I would suggest that the whole be paid, clothed, and furnished with tents, and such teams and wagons as can be spared, direct from Washington; each regiment or sufficient body to be marched to Moorefield by the direct road immediately on being paid and supplied. If approved, I will send an officer to aid in conducting the division. J. 3. FR~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 19, 1862. Brig. Gen. ROBERT C. SCHENCK, Moorefteld: General Milroy telegraphs that the enemy, numbering about 3,500, with two batteries, including two rifled guns, are fortifyiug themselves on the crest of Shenandoah. Do not diverge too much to your left, but advance with your whole force as speedily as possible to Franklin, leaving sufficient force at Itomney and Moorefield to be relieved by the Eighth Virginia. J. 0. FRI~MONT. CHARLESTON, April 19, 1862. Col. E. P. SCAMNON, Raleigh Court-House: If you have an opportunity to act offensively with success it is oC course what we desire, but the crossing of New River with such insuf ficient ferries as exist would not be l)rudent in the face of any force. On my printed map a road is marked from mouth of Blue Stone to Raleigh; does such a road exist? All the ferries and fords must be kept so closely watched that there will be no possibility of the enemys getting behind you. Report particularly about the ferries, & c., and give to Lieutenant-Colonel Toland, of Thirty-fourth, the points he should watch on the river. Movements must be carefully calculated with reference to our means of transportation; we have not the mean Page 94 94 OPERATIONS 1W N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. of increasing the regimental transportation to the standard of the Twenty-third. What tents did you make requisition for and on whom? Give Captain Fitch as thorough information as possible, so that he may report to me verbally as to all matters concerning you. J.D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding District. NAVY DEPARTMENT, April 20, 1862. Captain DAHLGREN, Navy- Yard, Washington: Send a steamer off to-night to communicate with Captain Wyman in the Rappahanuock with the following message: General McDowell will send canal-boats and timber to Fredericksburg by the way of the Rappahannock, which you will convoy and protect. If it is impossible to reach Fredericksburg, send them back to Aquia Creek. Send back word immediately by this boat, with a full report of the condition of things in the Rappahannock, and let the report first be made to an officer of General McDowells command, who will be found at Aquia Creek. The generals force is at Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, the bridges across the river being burned. If you are at a point within 25 miles of Fredericksburg, General McDowell will send a cavalry force down the north bank to meet you. G. V. FOX, A ssista.nt Secretary. Igon. E. M. STANTON WOODSTOCIC, VA., April 20, 1862. Secretary of Wa~r, Washington: Jackson is flying from this department. I assisted in conducting the movement against him the other day when he was driven from Mount Jackson and New Market, and saw that the moment he aban- doned Rudes Hill,which is by far the strongest position in the Shenan- doali Valley, he gave the whole valley up for lost. He has between 10,000 and 12,000 men with him. General Ewell is lying now with 10,000 men near Culpeper Court-House. These forces will unite at Gordonsville with the purpose of checking our advance. They consti- tute the only force between us and Richmond. I would respectfully suggest that my division, Blenkers division, and Abercrombies and Gearys commands be united and consolidated as speedily as possible. to force their way toward Richmond. This movement, if followed u~ by General Sumners command and the rest of the disposable troops on the Potomac, will relieve General McClellan, and contribute to the destruction of the rebel army and the capture of the rebel capital. I am ready to conduct this movement if you can get the Senate to pass at once upon my nomination, but confirmed or not by that body I am ready to lead or follow, whichever you may (leem most advisable, and in acting thus will do everything in my power to vindicate your kind- ness and partiality for me and the generous confideiice which the Presi- dent and yourself have been pleased to place in me since I entered the service. There are no troops needed at present in the Shenandoah Valley but those which are necessary to garrison the different posts. Williams division is ample for this. I venture to make these suggestions know Page 95 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 95 ing with what indulgence they will be received, whether th~y may strike you as practicable or not. If they should impress you favorably there is not a moment to lose. A rapid movement of this kind on the flank of the rebel army may help materially to hasten the defeat of that army and the overthrow of the rebel Government. I have the honor to be, with sentiments of profound gratitude and resl)ect, your obedient servant JAS. ShIELDS, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. WHEELING, April 20, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: I am in great need of an efficient ordnance officer, and General Rip- ley, in reply to application, says he has not a single one that can be spared. I should be glad to have Capt. Henry Clay Wood, Eleventh Infantry, recently at Pittsburgh, Pa., detailed for the purpose. Gov- ernor Morton offers to fill up immediately a company of cavalry here which is short of men. Is there any objectiou ~ 1 desire to say that we are in many respects illy provided here, an(l time is so pressing that I shall be obliged to make my requisitions on the several departments by telegraph. I hope it will be admitted. J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, Wheeling, Va., April 90, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: Intelligence just received from General Milroy states that the enemy, numbering about 3,500, with two batteries, including two rifled guns, are constructing fortifications upon the crest of the Shenandoah. Re- liefs of 500 men are constantly at work day and night. The rebel en- campment is on the eastern slol)e of the mountain, extending down 5 miles from the summit. I havejust asked General Ripley for six mount- ain howitzers for shelling these works. A notorious guerrilla, named Frederick W. Chewning, has been captured by a cavalry company un- der General Milroy, who thinks it will have a good effect to try him by drum-head court-martial and hang him. I await the instructions asked for on this point some time since. J. C. FRI~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 20, 1862. Brig. Gen. MILROY, Monterey: It was not expected when you were directed to move forward that re- enforcements for the department would be so long delayed or your ad- vance would have been postponed, Thport~ from various sources all in Page 96 96 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. dicate a concentration of the enemys forces and an attack UL)Ofl our iiiost exposed position. Under these circumstances you will not move for- ward utitil specially directed to do so. Meantime keep your communi- cation with General Scheuck actively open. J. C. FR~MONT. HARPERS FERRY, April 21, 1862. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: Extreme solicitude for Bleiikers troops, who have now beeii out forty days without shelter, induces me to telegraf)h you (lireetly. These troops were ordered to leave their tents and itiake requisition for shelter-touts; they did so. After forty (lays they have not the latter. They now lie in this rain, waiting forage, which the means of transpor- tation at the command of the entire coluinu and quartermasters depart- inent in the Shenandoah ar~ insufficient to promptly supply. If they do not have tents of some kind they will have every reason to be dis- couraged. W. S. ROSECLIANS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. WHEELING, VA., April 21, 1862. Hon. U M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Will you approve of a requisition for 800 horses for mounting Lloyds Sixth Ohio Cavalry ~ The requisition has been sent. We are in press. ing need of cavalry in moveucuts 110W being made. J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 21, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: Your requisitions may be made by telegraph, and will be attended to without delay as far as they can be supplied. The President desires to know when you intend to move toward Knoxville, and with what force and by what route, ainl whether you contemplate any co-operation with Mitchel. * EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WHEELING, VA., April 21, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Dispatch received. I send in the morning the information desired by the Preside~it.t Colonel Harris, charged with expedition against guerrillas in Cheat Mountain District, reports Lieutenant Lawsons de- tacliment in. Five guerrillas killed; five houses burned. Much hin- dered by high water. No reports as yet from other detachments. Gen- eral Schenek, ordered to move on Franklin, telegraphs river rising * Answer of same date is quoted in F~6monVs report, see Part I, p. 7. tSee Part I, p.7 Page 97 CHAP. XXIV.1 CO~RESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 97 again. Two crossings on road from Moorefield to Franklin. No bridge or ferry. Greatly crippled in movement by want of pontoon train. J. C. FR~MONT. Major-General. RALEIGH, 21, 1862. General Cox: A respectable man from Monroe County came to-day from the farms near where enemy was rel)orted; says they are not there. At Lewis- burg not more thaii 1,200 or 1,400; at Peterstown not over 500; none along the river; no fortifications of note at Peterstown; no troops on Flat Top, except a few guerrillas; none at Princeton. At Red Sulphur and Princeton property has been valued and orders given to burn it on approach of Uiiion troops; also all tobacco factories and flour mills at Lewisbnrg. Several men were detailed from each company of volun- teers to guard drafted men; the latter disarmed under pretense of changing flints to percussion. The understanding is that all is to be a1)andoned west of mountains. The fords of New River are, one-half mile above Blue Stone, 1.~ fret deep; two, 34. miles above Indian Creek, 1 foot deep; three below mouth of Rich Creek, all good at ordinary stages of water. There is nothing to stop us this side of railroad except mud and water. E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding. GENERAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 44. Washington, April 21, 1862. All the lock-houses, boats, scows, and other property belonging to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company on the lineof said canal, now held, used, or occupied by the United States officers or troops, will be forthwith given up and restored to the president of the said company. All officers of the Army will respect Alfred Spates, esq., as l)resident of the said company, and are hereby prohibited from inter- fering in any manner with him in the management of the canal; but are directed to give him such aid and assistance as is consistent with the good of the service in keeping it in repair and removing all re- strictions which have been imposed upon the boats navigating the said canal. The president of the said canal company is authorized to give all passes that may be required to be used on the canal, subject to the approval of the commander of the district. By or(ler of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, A~djutant- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Hon. E. M. STANTON, Aquia, April ~2, 1862. Secretary of War: I am just over from Fredericksburg to confer with the officer of the Navy, who it was arranged was to come to see me here, from Captain Wyman, commanding flotilla in the Rappalianuock. The captain w~s 7 ~ II~YQL XLI~ ~T IU Page 98 98 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. himself at Fredericksburg, and after communicating with the mayor, who told him the town had been surrendered ~to the land forces, left without communicating with the commanding officer of the troops. As soon as it was known he was there the attempt was made to see him, but without success. I have seen a copy of his dispatch, and learn from it that there are no obstructions in the river to prevent his going up with vessels. The officer who came up tells me he met fourteen canal-boats only going down. There should be forty. If a steam ferry-boat could be sent there it could be used to great advantage. There are stores in Freder- icksburg (more than 1,000 barrels of flour) which I am anxious to save, for fear of accident, and I am anxious to have free communication with opposite shore as soon as possible. The last account of the enemy is that there is a force a few miles be- yond Fredericksbure intrenched. I hope it is so. The force cannot be large, as it would attempt to oppose my passing the river. It must be a rear guard to break up bridges and delay my march. All their forces seem to be drawing south and east. I need beef cattle at Fredericks- burg and some at Aqnia. They can be driven under an escort, which General Wadsworth can furnish, by way of Occoquan and Dumfries. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major. General. HARPERS FERRY, April 22, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The Potomac and Shenandoah are booming. Three reaches of the railroad bridge gone, with train of coal cars put to hold them down. Have volunteered inquiries into adequacy of supplies for troops this side of the riyer. If sufficient, they must be promptly ordered from the West. Clothing for two brigades gone forward. Clothing and tents wanting. Cut off by loss of bridge. May pass in boats when river falls. - W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier- General. RALEIGH, April 22, [1862]. (Received April 23.) General Cox, Charleston: Colonel Little and Mrs. Corner, Mercer County, came in this evening from near Princeton. Report Jenifer at Princeton with a few cavalry and militia, not over 300; at Peterstown, two weeks ago, 400 Giles County militia; at Narrows of New River Hill Falls, Forty-fifth Virginia, 300 or 600, and at Montgomery, militia 800 strong- Pulaski militia 2 miles beyond Giles Court-House, 200 or 300. Forty bushwhackers at Captain StovePs, 1~ miles to right of turnpil~e, on a spur of Flat Top, south side, ~vithout cavalry. I can see no hope of saving Princeton. Colonel Little confirms reports of intended destruction of town and country l)roI)erty. We can get hay and some corn about here. The cavalry would be invaluable now- weather and roads however are both wretched. Respectfully, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding. Page 99 Cair. XXIV.]. CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 99 WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. C., April 23, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The President desires that you should not throw your force across the Rappahannock at present, but that you should get your bridges and transportation all ready and wait further orders. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. NEW MARKET, A 23, 1862. lou. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The freshets have carried away two bridges just completed between Strasburg and Front Royal, the railway bridges at Harpers Ferry, the Opequon this side of Martinsburg, and, we fear, others above Martins- burg. Jackson is believed to be at Stanardsville. Supplies of flour, beef and forage begin to be plenty. General Johnson said to be retreating from Shenandoah Mountain toward Staunton with about 4,000. N. P. BANKS, Major- General. (Same to Fr6mont.) HARPERS FERRY, A 23, 1862. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Hope you will pardon me for suggesting every days delay of Banks division costs $30,000. That sum would finish the railroad to Mount Jackson. There is a builder of wire suspension bridges in Phil- adelphia, named E. S. Burton, who put up one for me 600 feet long in two weeks from day of notice. The wire of this can be hauled away if necessary. It would be a vast saving to ot~der these bridges made at once. W. S. ~ROSECRANS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. HARPERS FERRY, April 23, 1862. ion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have my orders from you and General Fr6monts accord to take Blenkers division to Moorefield, which, unless otherwise directed, I shall do with the least possible delay. The supplies I am getting are necessary to fit the column for motion and campaign. I am deter- mined to see that nothing necessary is wanting before I leave. Cloth- ing, stationery, camp tools, and shelter-tents are now all ordered and under way. Battery horses will reach them to-morrow night. Have, from delicacy, said nothing to General Fr6mont. My general views tire as given in my report: A clearing of the valley and concentratio Page 100 100 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. of Frdmont toward Staunton and on the railroad; Banks to incline over east and seize the Piedmont and threaten or take Gordonsville aiid the Kanawlia Yalley; to seize Lewisburg and support the forces break- ing the Southwestern Virginia and Tennessee Railroad; ulterior move- nients contingent, but tending to mass the troops as much as requisite to supply each other and subsist. For goodness sake order the plait of supplies proposed. No man of experience, knowing the people aiid country, can fail to approve it. W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier-General, U. AS;. Army. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT. April 23, 1862. Brig. Gen. ROBERT C. SCHENOK, Moorefteid: Use every possible means to get forward your main body to Franklin and keep these headquarters constantly advised. J. C. FR1~MONT. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Charleston, April 23, 1862. Lieutenant-Colonel COLEMAN, Commanding Eleventh Ohio Volunteers, Winfield: SIR: I regret to be under the necessity of calling your attention to a matter of a kind I had hoped would never occur again with troops of my command in this valley. On Friday last a party of your regiment went to Mrs. Ann M. Mu. Ians farm, a little above Winfield, and took her yoke of work oxen. which were taken to camp and killed. Mrs. Millan is an ardent Union- ist, sister of Judge Summers, of this place. As I have heard the ac. count I regard it no better than robbery. Indiscriminate seizure of cattle and property in this valley has becit long since peremptorily forbidden. No cattle caii be taken but by fair purchase, in which the quartermaster must give such voucher as will show the entire legitimacy of the transaction and insure the payment of the agreed price. To take work cattle without the owners consent is simply a crime, and should be treated as such. Officers of detach- ments who take the responsibility of such acts must be held strictly responsible for them. Western Virginia is not to be regarded as an enemys country, where foraging is to be permitted, but the same strict- ness of conduct is to be observed as if we were in Ohio. There are civil and judicial authorities to take cognizance of civil affitirs, and the mili- tary are to be kept from any improI)er interference. These things have been repeated so often that it ougift not to be necessary to call atten- tion to them again. I desire that you will personally call upon Mrs. Millan and learn her story; that you will strictly investigate the case and report the full facts to these headquarters, and if the officer in charge of the (Ictach- ment has acted improperly ~tnd without authority that you will l)ut him under arrest till further orders. If it has not already been doii~, Mrs. Millan should be fully indemnified for her loss, and if that loss is more than the ration price of the beef; let the balance be charged to the compalties using it, to be dediwted fvom their company savings Page 101 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 101 In like manner, whenever unauthorized seizure or stealing of animals, food, or forage occurs, let double the value be charged to the company in which it occurs as a punishment for the offense. The quartermaster can, by proper exercise of his anthority, buy whatever ought to be taken, and no one else has any right to meddle in the matter. Please see this rule carried out so thoroughly that this sort of demor- alizing l)illage may be thoroughly stopped. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JD. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, A 23, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Report of Frederick Winter, captain Company I, Seventy-fifth Regi- ment Pennsylvania Volunteers, upon the late casualty on the Shenan- doah River, in which a large number of the members of Companies I and K were drowned. On Friday, 11th instant, I was commanded to proceed with the pioneers of the Third Brigade to the Shenandoah River to erect a bridge over it, and to have it finished by about 8 oclock on the next morning. Arriving at the place I found, what I knew before, that this river was from 400 to 500 feet wide, and so deep and rapid that the building of a bridge was a matter of impossibility. After consulting the engineers of the staff of General Blenker, namely, Captain Schulz and Lieutenant Sprandel, we came to the conclusion to build rafts, as the only way to transport the troops over the river. On Sunday evening we were able to convey over on our first raft a por- tion of the Fifty-eighth Regiment New York State Volunteers, and on Monday, another raft being finished, we passed over the balance of the Fifty-eighth, together with the Seventy-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, and nearly a company of cavalry. The working of the rafts was done by three ropes, of which one was tied on a tree above the landing place and the others were managed on both shores by the men on the principle of a floating bridge. The best idea I can give is the diagram of our position Page 102 102 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. a. Big sycamore tree, where the floating rope was fastened. b. Two rafts. c. Crossing place. d. Landing place. e e e. Rope to draw the empty rafts back. fff. Rope to draw the rafts fully on shore. ggg. Floating rope. On Tuesday, at noon, three regiments of infantry, with ambulances and horses and nearly a company of mounted rifles, had crossed the river without any accident worthy of note. General Bohlen informed me that he was desirous of sending over a number of baggage wagons, and would endeavor to do so by an old ferry.boat which was brought up the river the day before and had undergone some small repairs at the hands of our men, the same being destroyed by the rebels before they left. I spoke to General Bohien in regard to this boat, and in- formed him that I had no confidence in its strength, but as by the transporting of a baggage wagon no lives were endangered I consented to make the trial. At the same time, my physical powers being ex- hausted by four days continuous hard working, I asked him to be relieved for a few hours from duty, which he granted, by ordering Bri. gade Quartermaster Weik in my place; but instead of testing the strength of the boat with a baggage wagon, as I suggested, Company ID, of the Seventy-fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, was placed on the boat and carried over in the same way as was done before with the rafts. Company D consisted of about 60 persons. I~To accident did happen, but the boat drew much water. Quartermaster Weik at this time declared that this mode of conveying the troops across was a perfect humbug; that he could do it much easier and quicker by fastening the rope marked g g g 20 yards farther below the point marke~l d West. a East Page 103 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.TJNION. 103 a in the diagram, in which case the rope marked fff would become entirely useless. In spite of the earnest entreaties of all the officers present, namely, the engineers of the Eighth New York and others who were at the time constructing another raft near by, he persisted in having his own way, covering his ignorance by his own presumed superior knowledge. Lieu- tenant Sprandel, of the staff of General Blenker, who was commanded to assist Captain Schulz and myself in transporting the troops, informed him that if he did insist in his mode of conveyance, which he was sure would lead to the death of many men, he should be compelled to leave, as he could not assume any of the responsibility thus incurred. Still he persisted. Lieutenant Sprandel left in disgust, not being satisfied to become a willing witness to the scene that he had predicted was bound to follow such a foolhardy undertaking. General Boblen commanded Companies I and K to be conveyed across. After there had been more than 70 persons aboard and the boat began to draw water, Lieutenant Winter, my unfortunate brother, protested against having more men aboard, as the boat could not carry the men already in it; but still General Bohleu ordered several more, about 7 or 8, to go aboard. No precaution was taken to draw the boat on the opposite shore, and when within 20 yards of its destination the boat remained permanently fixed, drawing more and more water, and was expected to go down at any moment. Quartermaster Weik now ordered the men to draw the boat on shore on the rope which was tied on the tree. Several experienced boatmen that 1 had employed told him that it was impossible to draw the boat on the shore npstream, as this would run the boat under water. Not willing to take advice or listen to the experience of others, and in spite of all protestations, going even so far as to order the men to keep their mouths shut, he called on Captain Wyck, of Company K, to command his men to draw upon that rope. The order was obeyed; bnt no sooner was it done when the bow was drawn under water, the boat careened, and swamped. The scene that followed beggars de- scription. Not much help was to be done, and the greater part of the men swept away by the rapid cnrrent of the Shenandoah. The loss, as far as known, consists of: Company I. Lieutenant Winter and 22 privates; Company K, Captain Wyck and 24 privates; Captain Wilson, commissary of Third Brigade; oiie pioneer of Company A; one servant of Lieutenant Shindler, Company K. Total. 51 men. Under these circumstances I would respectfully ask that the De. partment appoint a court of inquiry to investigate the matter and to determine the cause of the mishap. Respectfully, your most obedient servant, F. WINTER, Captain Company I, Seventy-fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Vole. SPECIAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, No. 89. Adjt. Gen.s Office, Washington, April 23, 1862. * * * * * * * YJII. Brig. Gen. C. Grover, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to duty in the Department of the Rappaliannock, and will report without delay to Major-General McDowell. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General Page 104 104 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Aquja, April 24, 1862. lion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your telegram of the 23d (just received by steamboat), directing me not to throw my force across the Rappahanuock at present, but that I should get my bridges and transportation all nearly ready and wait further orders. I have now all of Kings division in front of Fredericksburg; Mc- Call at Catletts. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Palmouth, April 24, 1862. Brigadier-General MCCALL, Commanding Division, Catletts: GENERAL: It is the direction of Major-General McDowell that you put your First Brigade in motion ftr this place as soon as possible. The other parts of the division are to follow as soon as the means of subsistence for troops and animals shall be assured here, measures for which are now being taken. Orders respecting the movements of the other brigades, the unattached cavalry (Bayards companies), two corn- panies of Davies cavalry, and the artillery and Signal Corps, will be communicated to you hereafter, most probably by telegraph ft-om Alex- andria. Let the First Brigade bring as much subsistence and forage as can be transported, provided there is an abundance for the troops which remain behind at Catletts. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHEIVER Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. C., April 24, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding A[ountain Department, JVkeeling, Va..- Your communication of the 21st instant, addressed to His Excellency the President,* has been referred to this Departmeut, with instructions to communicate the decision of the Executive to the effect that your proposed operations up the valley of Virginia are approved, modified so far as to direct you after striking the railroad, as you propose, not to advance toward Knoxville without further instructions; and, secondly, that in the prosecution of your operations you are not to consider the positions or movements of General Banks as subject to your control or to be dependent upon your movements. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. * See Part I, p. 7 Page 105 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 105 WAR DEPARTMENT, April 24, 1862. General IROSECRANS, Harpers Ferry: Your dispatch received. Measures will be taken to replace the bridges without delay. What orders has General Fr~mont given in respect to Blenkers division and what do you propose to do? EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, April 25, 1862. Major-General BANKS: Your operations are regarded with much interest, and every one is pleased with the activity and cautious vigor of your command. I send you a copy of a dispatch from General Fr~mont, who proposes to co-oper- ate with you.* We take it for granted that your column is not l)ushed too far in advance of your support, so as to receive a surprise or sudden blow. There is no news of importance from other departments. You shall be promptly advised of all movements, and I hope to hear from you daily. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Aquia, April 20, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I received, by the hands of Messrs. Stone and ilaupt, your letters re- lating to them respectively, and have had with each and both satisfac- tory conferences as to what is required for the line of the railroad from this place. They left here this morning for the purpose of seeing you in relation to it. We have commenced relaying the rails at this end, and everything is being driven to the full capacity of the means at hand for the purpose. The telegraph which was in operation this morning has since broken down. Twenty canal-boats and a steam ferry-boat arrived yesterday at Fredericksburg without molestation. It is reported by General King that numerous complaints reach him from Union men in Fredericksburg of outrages received at the hands of secessionists; that small cavalry pickets come into the town at night harassing Union men and carrying them off South for no other reason than fidelity to the Union. They ask for protection. Will it meet with the sanction of the President that I should throw not to exceed a battalion of infantry and a small force of cavalry into the town, protected by the artillery on this side, for the, purpose of affording protection and saving the supplies. A party sent out on a boat from the First New Jersey Cavalry (Colonel Wyndham) surprised at 2 oclock yesterday morning on the other side of the IRappahannock a cavalry picket of the enemy, killing 1, mort~ally wounding another, and taking 5 prisoners. No loss on our side. As the wharf at this place is not now and cannot be for some time See Part I, p.7 Page 106 106 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CUAP. XXIV available for landing supplies for the troops in front, and as the road hence to Fredericksburg is impassable in wet weather for wagons with- out having repairs and two bridges, I have established a temporary depot at Belle Plain. The only vessels drawing little enough water to go up to the landing and lighter the stores from the shipping is the steamer Jenny Lind. She is not sufficient, and many vessels have been lying here for several days waiting to be discharged. The Jenny Lind is our only dependence for the army in front, and an accident happen- ing to her would be embarrassing, if not disastrous. I beg another light-draught boat, drawing less than 4 feet, may be sent here with the least possible delay. The Jenny Lind is getting her boilers so full of mud that she will soon have to haul off. One of the brigades of McCalls division is ordered from Catletts. I have received no orders as to Hosecrans and a new division. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. NEW MARKET, April 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Our advance is at Mount Crawford, 8 miles from Staunton; two bri- gades at Harrisonburg. Have information that Jackson waits arrival of Marshall with 6,000, and may make a stand at Swift Run Gap. Think Marshall must be from IRappahannock. Will know more to- morrow. Heavy rebel re-enforcements moving toward Yorktown re- ported. Five days rain in six days. All streams impassable except by bridges. Thanks for telegram of information received to-day. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. NEW MARKET, April 26, 18629 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON & cretary 0/ War: Nothing important to-day. Our advance is secure. it is now at Harrisonburgt~o brigades, 600 cavalry, and two batteries. Road to mountains well guarded. Bridges on Staunton all burned. I shall co- operate with Fr6mont with great pleasure; suggested it to him two days since. I am deeply gratified with the approval of the Department. Onr difficulties have been very great or our operations would have been more satisfactory. Jacksons force is between the Shenandoah, east of mountains, and Stanardsville somewhat increased. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, April 26, 1862. Major-General BANKS, Gommanding Department of the Shenandoah: SIR: In the present state of things it is not the desire of the Presi- dent that you should prosecute a farther advance toward the south Page 107 CHAP. xxrv.~ CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 107 You are requested to consider whether you are not already making too wide a separation between the body of troops under your immediate command and your supporting force. It is possible that events may make it necessary to transfer the command of General Shields to the Department of the Rappahannock. and you are desired to act accord- ingly. We have no news of importance to-day from any quarter. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington L!ity, D. 0., April 26, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~xNIONT, Wheeling, Va: SIR: Your letter of the 16th instant, asking that your requisition for infantry arms be filled entirely by Enfleld rifles in place of muskets, has been received. In reply, the Secretary of War directs me to say that it was referred to the Chief of Ordnance, who returns it with the following indorse- ment: The only requisition for infantry arms received from General Fr6mont is the order of the Secretary of War, dated 11th instant, to furnish 2,500 Enfleld rifles. On the 12th Captain Crispin, at New York, was directed to send this number of Enflelds to General Fr6mont from arms he had on hand. General Fr6monts request seems therefore to have been complied with. 0 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. H. WATSON Assistant Secretary of WHEELING, VA., April 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: It is reported that the Twenty-second Virginia Regiment is 7 miles this side of Lewisburg. It has two smooth-bore 6-pounders and some pretensions to fortifications. The position is in good range from the mountains this side and onthe northeast. The Thirty-sixth Virginia is at Peterstown, Monroe County. About 80 cavalry at Blue Sulphur Springs. A regiment of militia at Greenbrier Bridge, 3 miles east of Lewisburg. I have ordered General Coxs division to operate against them. J. C. FRII~MONT, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS, Wheeling, April 26, 1862. Hon. F. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Milroy reports that his scouting parties at different times on the 23d attacked parties of enemys infantry and cavalry 10 miles beyond Shenandoah Mountain. Killed 1 lieutenant and 2 men, and captured 1 man of Churchvil-le Cavalry; also captured a lieutenant o Page 108 108 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIT. Thirty-first Virginia, without loss or injury to us. Militia impressed are deserting by hundreds, taking oath of allegiance, and returning to their homes. The latest reports from Staunton are that ou the 24th the enemy were moving their sick on cars eastward, and that large trains loaded with soldiers, supposed to be Johnsons, were passing eastward. No soldiers in or about 8taunton and none this side, except one regi- ment and one battalion of infantry and four companies of cavalry at Buffalo Gap. He also reports that communication has been cut off be. tween him and General Schenck by the high water. Snow fell 18 inches deep day before yesterday at Monterey. J. C. FIR~MONT Major-General, Commanding HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, April 26, 1862. Brig. Gen. JAcOB D. Cox, Charleston: How far has the brigade of Colonel Scammon advanced toward Flat Top? What news have you as to the position and numbers of the rebels in Mercer, Monroe and counties adjoining to the south? Infor- mation needed immediately. J. C. FRI~MONT. CHARLESTON, April 26, 1862. ~Jajor-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: Dispatch just received. Scammons brigade is part at mouth of Blue Stone River. One regiment with artillery left Raleigh this morning to advance toward Flat Top; remainder at Raleigh. Three hundred cav- alry are on the way to Raleigh, and as soon as these join him he is ordered to push rapidly on Princeton. The past two days are the only fair ones we have had for some time. The roads are still terrible and streams everywhere very high. The enemy are in small detachments in different parts of M~rcer and Monroe and about 1,500 in vicinity of Lewisburg. The number of their drilled troops is not over 1,000, and they have perhaps 2,000 militia besides. They are distributed nearly as follows: Three hundred at Peterstown, 400 at Narrows of New River, 600 at Montgomery, and, say, 300 at I9~rinceton; the balance near Lewisburg. Colonel Crook reports the return of his men from Addison without seeing any enemy whatever. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding Di~triet of Kanawha. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Near Aquia Creek, April 27, 186212.30 a. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Seven companies of Bayards and the regiment of Wyndham~s cay- airy and Kings entire division, except a squadron of cavalry, opposite Fredericksburg, one brigade of which is nuder orders to move to-mor- row morning to the crossing of the railroad at Potomac Creek. Th Page 109 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENC~E, ETC.UNION. 109 artillery and infantry of McCalls division and Signal Corps at Cat- letts. One brigade of the division and one battalion of Bayards cay- airy under orders to march to-morrow to Fredericksburg. At Aquia Creek the Ninety-fifth New York, six companies of Ninetieth Pennsyl- vania, six companies of Pennsylvania, two companies of Mich- igan cavalry, and one company of Bayards cavalry. There are four companies of Ninetieth Pennsylvania, the pontoon train and battery of Maine artillery, at Belle Plain and landing from the vessels at that place. The Eleventh and Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania are guarding the railroad from Alexandria to Bristoc and Manassas Gap. General Wadsworths command in and around Washington. One brigade under General iDuryea at Clouds Mill. Two companies of infantry and some companies of cavalry, number -not known, at and below Budds Ferry, on Maryland shore. Also there is in my department General Aber- crombies command at Warrenton Junction, and 1 believe Colonel Gearys at White Plains, on Manassas Gap Railroad. Colonel Camp- bells regiment of cavalry, which by your direction I gave orders to re- pair to the front and which I had assigned to McCalls division. has in disobedience of my orders, returned to Alexandria, preparatory, it is understood, to embarking for Yorktown. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, April 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Seeretaru of War: The reports from several sources, Union men and colored fugitives, concur in representing a force to have accumulated about 12 mihjs on the other side of Fredericksburg of about 5,000 men, made up of those who were driven across the Rappahannock and of accessions from other quarters. I do not learn, however, that aiiy have joined from the direction of Gordonsville. Everything is going on as rapidly as possi- ble in the rebuilding of the railroad. The locomotives have been landed, and will soon be in operation as far as the first stream. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Aquja Creek, April 27, 1862. Brig. Gen. GEORGE A. MCCALL, Commanding at Catletts Station: As soon after the receipt of this order as practicable march with your headquarters and your Second Brigade to join the First Brigade at Fal- mouth, opposite Fredericksburg. Take with you as much subsistence as your means of transportation will l)ermit. Acknowledge the receipt of this by telegraph, and report whose bri- gade you take with you. Very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL~ illajor- Gcneral Page 110 110 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. CATLETT$ [STATiON], Major-General MCDOWELL, April 27, 1862. Aquja Creek: Orders to march to Falmouth with headquarters and Second Brigade received. I shall take Meades brigade and as much subsistence as my means of transportation will permit. I shall move in the morning as soon as practicable. GEO. A. McCALL, Brigadier- General, Commanding. NEW MARKET, VA., Hon. E. M. STANTON, April 27, 18625 p. m. Secretary of War: Your dispatch dated 26th just received. Our advance is at Harrison. burgtwo brigades, two batteries, one regiment cavalry, General Williams commanding. Colonel Mason, commanding brigade, Shields division, is half way between Harrisonburg and New Market. The remaining force is here at New Market, except two regiments and lOti cavalry, which are guarding two bridges which are east of first chain of mountains. This constitutes our whole force, except guard at places in our rear. Our supplies are in improving condition. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. HS~ADQUARTERS, Hon. E. M. STANTON, Wheeling, April 27, 1862. Secretary of War: The troops in this department are stationed as follows: Under Gen- eral Kelley, along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the Sixth Virginia Infantry, the Eleventh Virginia~ the Second Potomac Home Brigade, one battery of artillery, and two companies of cavalry. Under Gen- eral Schenek, between New Creek and Moorefield, the Third Regiment Potomac Home Brigade, the Fifth Virginia Infantry, two Ohio regi- ments, five companies of cavalry, and one battery. Under General Milroy, at Monterey, two Virginia regiments, four Ohio regiments, three coml)anies of cavalry, and two sections of Hymans battery. Two other batteries in his brigade are detained for want of transportation. Under Lieutenant-Colonel Harris, in the Cheat Mountain District, six companies of the Tenth Virginia and six guns, without horses or men. Under General Cox, in the Kanawha and New River Valleys, two Virginia and ten Ohio regiments of infantry, one regiment and two companies ot cavalry, and three batteries. The Sixtieth Ohio is now on the way from Parkersburg to New Creek. The Eighth Virginia probably milready at New Creek, under orders for Moorefield. Blen- kers division still at Winchester, except about 600 men, detachment from various regiments, now at New Creek. General Schenek, wi tlm his whole force, under orders for Franklin, detained by high water. Gen. eral Coxs advance is at the mouth of Blue Stone Creek, He is ordere Page 111 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 111 with his whole disposable force against the enemy at Lewisburg and Peterson [Peterstown]. J. C. FRI~MONT, Major- General. WHEELING, VA., April 27, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKs, New Market: The movement is right. The force could be rapidly concentrated. If Blenker had been brought quickly forward all my troops would now be in the valley, ready to move in co-operation. I should be happy to act with you, and have been hoping authority from the War Depart- ment. A dispatch received from Washington last night induces belief that they meditate this move. I will give you prompt information. Milroy reports no troops of the enemy in or about Staunton, and none this side except one regiment and one battalion of infantry and four companies of cavalry at Buffalo Gal); that on 24th enemy moving all sick on cars eastward, and that large trains loaded with Noldiers, sup. posed to be Johnstons [Johnsons], were passing. .J. C. FRIf~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, April 28, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The capture of New Orleans is confirmed, but still through secession sources, nothing official having arrived. We have no intelligence of importance from any other quarters. The impression is very strong that the enemy will amuse McClellan at Yorktown and make a sudden dash with their main force against you or Banks. Of course this con- tingency is in your mind, and every vigilance used to ascertain the strength before you and at Gordonsville. The President desires daily reports from your command. EDWIN N. STANTON, & cretary of War. HARRISONBUEG, April 28, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & eretary of War: Our force is entirely secure here. The enemy is in no condition for offensive movements, and nothing can prevent our troops from joining the main body in safety if attacked. Our supplies have not been in so good condition nor my command in so good spirits since we left Win- chester. General Hatch made reconnaissance in force yesterday, which iesulted in obtaining a complete and satisfactory view of the enemys position. Two of our own men were wounded by accident, one mortally. Five of the enemy were killed and 5 wounded in the skirmish. Report forwarded. A negro employed in Jacksons tent came in this morning, and reports preparation for retreat of Jackson to-day. General John- son is reported to have passed Staunton, and General Milroy to be 4 miles west of ~tauntou, You need have no apprehensions for ou Page 112 112 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. IcuAr. XXIV. safety. I think we are now just in condition to do all you can desire of us in this valleyclear the enemy out permanently. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Gommanding. HARRISONBURG, April 28, 1802. Hon. E. N. STANTON Secretary 0/ War: If Jackson retreats from his present position there is no reason for our remaining longer in this valley. If he does not, we can compel his retreat or destroy him. Then a small force, two or three regiments, falling back t9 Strasburg, which has been fortified for this purpose, will safely hold all that is important to the Government in this valley. General Fr~monts forces will in like manner cover Staunton. If we leave a force of 4,000 or 5,000 in the upper valley it will invite attack, as at Winchester, and be insufficient for defense. If no force is in the valley except at Strasburg the enemy will not return. The whole of my command can theA move from New Market to Madison by the mountain road, which is the best turnpike in Virginia, at three days notice, from which we can occupy Culpeper Court-House, Orange Court~ House, or Gordomisville, joined by General Abercrombie. The enemy will then be expelled from the whole of this region. With certainty this is the safest and most effective operation, in our view, in which we cami be engaged. Our supplies can be drawn as now via Strasburg, or from Front Royal via Manassas road on good pikes, or by the Orange and Alexandria Railroad. Madison will be impregnable in our hands, and in co-ol)eratioll with Fr~mont we can possess Gordonsville any day the President may wish. This is a safe and long-considered movement and is possible. Flour, beef; and forage are plenty in the country about Madison. I submit these views with great deference, and pray l)ermission to put them in execution as early as the Department may desire. There are not more than 15,000 rebels on the north of the Vir- ginia Central Railroad. N. P. BANKS, Major. General, Commanding. CHARLESTON, April 28, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General, Wheeling: On Thursday the position of my troops will be as follows: Two regi. memits at Flat Top and holding passes of New River; one at Raleigh; two at Fayette; one at Ganley Monntain~ two at Gauley Bridge; one at Summerville; one at Salines and vicinity; one at Charleston; one guarding lower part of Kanawha. I purpose making a post at Chap- manville, and use two regiments in guarding the whole valley. Will arrange the main force in advancing, as by order of General Fr6mnont. Major Clary should hurry forward part of our transportation this week. I expect to move my headquarters to the front some time this week, and it is important I should know the permanent arrangement of quar. termaster and commissary o~ wy personal staffi J. D. COX, il3rigadier- General, CQmw~at~din~ Page 113 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 113 HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Charle8ton, Va., April 28, 1862. Col. t~fEORGE CROOK, Summerville: SIR: The following is my plan of present arrangements made to carry out orders from department headquarters, which are explicit: I shall put the Eleventh Ohio and Forty-fourth Ohio at Gauley Bridge. The Forty-seventh Ohio (Lieutenant-Colonel Elliott com- manding) will remain at Gauley Mount. A battery, partly howitzer and partly field pieces, will be connected with the command thus formed, and the whole, with your regiment, will constitute a provisional brigade, of which you will have command as soon as co-operation be- gins. Your regiment will remain at Summerville until the order for a forward movement is given, when the four regiments, with the battery and such cavalry as may hereafter be assigned,. will act in concert, nu- der your orders, by the Wilderness road and the turnpike. I shall ex- pect to have the Ninth Virginia garrison the posts at Fayette, Gauley Bridge, and Summerville, when the movement begins. This movement is not to be made until I shall have advanced with the main body of the remainder of my command a distance already fixed on another line, and unless circumstances should change greatly the whole force will act on converging lines. In this there will also be co-operation with the forces in the northern part of the department. If the weather is at all favorable the troops named will be at Gauley Bridge this week, and within a few days I expect most of the prelim- inary movements to be completed. You will therefore keep youi~ regi- nient constantly prepared for speedy movement. Acknowledge by telegraph the receipt of this, and keep me informed of any changes which occur in front of you. Our movement will be hastened whenever we receive news that promised transportation is on the way here. The grand difficulty now is to see clearly the means for feeding the troops after an advance, and you mnst calculate upon using your regimental train to its utmost capacity in helping provide for yourselves. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. D. COX, Brigadier-General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, ApriL 28, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Charleston: Concentrate your troops at Flat Top Mountain, and if the fortifica- tions opposite the mouth of Blue Stone River are evacuated or not held in force continue the operation as ordered. Should the enemy take possession of the fortifications again in force, then it will not be advisable to advance as far as Peterstown, but a crossing over New River should be effected near the mouth of Blue Stone. If possible part of General Milroys forces will co-operate with you. Keep us promptly and well informed. J. C. FR]~MONT. 8 R RVOL XII~ PT II Page 114 114 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [Cui. XXIV. CHARLESToN, April 28, 1862. Major-General FR~MONT, Wheeling: Colonel Scammon found works of enemy on other side of New 1~iver abandoned. They were quite strong intrenchments; have three tiers of breastworks and rifle pits. These were nearly opposite mouth of Blue Stone. The pickets of Scammons advance are within 2 miles of top of Flat Top, and we will push forward as 50011 as roads and transportation will permit. The mud is now in its most tenacious condition, but dry. big rapidly. J. D. COX, Brigadier-General. HEADQUARTERS Wheeling, April 28 [~862]. General Cox: A large number of pack mules will be sent to your district. The quar- termaster and commissary both will make every exertion to comply with your desires. Should your men nevertheless not be well provided for a number of days the movement proposed must still be pushed for- ward. What would be the smallest number of troops necessary to guard your lines of communication, the posts of Gauley Bridge, Gauley Mountain, Chapmanville and Summerville included? By order of General Fr6mont: A. ALBERT Chief of ~Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Near Aquia Creek Landing, April 29, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Six: I have the honor to acquaint you that General Reynoldsbrigade, of McCalls division, has arrived opposite Fredericksburg. Another brigade will be in position by to-morrow. Information has reached me that the rebels have abandoned the right bank of the Rappabannock, opposite the crossing of Orange and Alex- andria Railroad, and fallen back, it is supposed, in the direction of Gor- don~ville. Previous reports as to the enemys force being concentrated on the railroad line between Fredericksburg and Richmond and 12 miles from the latter point are confirmed by contrabands and Union men, who es- timate it as high as 12,000 men. The enemys pickets, however, con- tinue to show themselves on the hills in rear of Fredericksburg, and during the night come into the town and harass the fewUnion men left there. Five or six of them have been arrested and carried off toward Richmond. For several nights past the rumbling of wagons leaving town has been heard, and residents say that they are loaded with corn and other supplies. Urgent appeals for protection against this oppression by the Confed- erate authorities reach us through loyal men residing on the other side of the river. By means of our boat bridge, which can be easily made available in a few hours, a sufficient force could be throwii across the r~Wer to afford this protection, or it could be withdrawn promptly or r Page 115 CILALP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.~UNION. 115 enforced should circumstances demand it. By information derived froni a person who heard it through the wife of an aide of General Smith, now at Yorktown, I learn that the Confederates are at a loss to know whether our design is to move forward from here or only a feint. I have the honor t~be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major~GeneraL AQUIA CREEK, April 29, 1862.. Hon. E. M. STA2NTON Secretary 0/ War: Brigadier-General Abercrombie reports that enemy heretofore occu- pying the right bank of ?he Rappahannock at the crossing of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, nearly in front of Warrenton, have retirei in the direction of Gordonsville. The reports of colored fugitives anI Union men confirm previous statements of there being a force of the enemy at about 12 miles from Fredericksburg, on the railroad to Rich- mondstatements of strength varying from 5,000 to 10,000 men. The enemys cavalry pickets come in at night to Fredericksburg and have taken away several Union men, and it is stated they are carrying off grain and other supplies. Appeals have been made for protectioa against these parties. From a letter received from the aide-de-camp~ to General G. W. Smith, now at Yorktown, it seems the enemy below are puzzled to understand the purpose of the troops of the United States on the Rappahannockwhether they mean to advance or whether it is a mere feint. The First Brigade, McCalls division, is now at Falmonth, just above Fr~dericksburg. The Second Brigade is on the march there from Cat- letts. We are pushing the railroad repairs, and will work night anI day. Colonel Haupt is fast at work, and will relieve me greatly. The bridge of boats at Fredericksburg is progressing, but will not be com pleted till ordered. The pontoon train will all be there to-night. The telegraph is nearly completed. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding.. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, April 29, 1862.. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: A deserter came into our lines this morning, having given himself up to the first cavalry picket he met. He tells the following story: His name is Stanfield Triger, native of Virginia, resident of King George County, thirty-one years of age, having a wife and child. He was impressed into the Confederate service on the 4th of April instant, and. marched the next day for Richmond. He arrived at Yorktown, or rather 3 miles this side of Yorktown, on the morning of Saturday, April 19. The following night he and four others similarly situated deserted, and made the best of their way back to their respective homes. By avoiding the highways and keeping to the woods they succeeded in effecting their escape. Triger was seven days on the road. He was not long enough in Yorktown to learn much about the Confederat Page 116 116 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [Can~. XXIV. force there. Those troops that he saw were scantily clothed and fed, and the talk among the impressed men was that they would desert on the first opportunity. While lying in the woods last Thursday he saw two long trains of cars filled with troops moving this way, and heard as he came along that it was a body of 10,000 men coming from York- town to Guiney~s, a station on the railroad, 12 miles south of Fredericks- burg, or Milford, 4 or 5 miles farther south. These were the only troops that he could hear of between Fredericksburg and Richmond. At Richmond he learned that the entire force guarding the city did not exceed 4,000. Triger is rather intelligent, and appears to be truthful. lie wishes to return to his home to plant corn. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. D WARRENTON JUNCTION, April 29, 1862. General BANKS, near Staunton: The rebels have left the Rappahannock. I virtually have possession of Warrenton. Every day or two detachments of troops go there. No evidence of the enemy having been there for the last two weeks. The Twelfth and Sixteenth Indiana Regiments go to Washington on the 9th to be mustered out of service. J. J. ABERCEOMBIE Brigadier- General, Gommanding. AQUIA CREEK, April 30, 1862. lion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Geary, heretofore stationed on line of Manassa~ Gap Rail- road, reports intention of moving away, and has asked General McCall to guard that road. I have ordered General McCalls division to the Rappahannock, and it cannot furnish the detail without great incon- venience and detriment, besides taking our forces westward, when, from the present disposition of the enemy, that which is west of the Blue Ridge should rather come east. As the Manassas Gap road is for the supply of Major-General Banks army, I beg to suggest that it be protected from Manassas Junction by detail from his command, as it can be more readily looked after by him than by me, and he can better spare the force than I. I sent some time since a squadron of my cavalry to convoy a hundred baggage wagons from near Centreville to General Banks department. The squadron has not yet been sent backnot been heard from. I need it. Please require that it be sent back to the regiment at Fredericksburg at once. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, April 30, 1862. LMajor-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Department of the Rappahannock- ~GENERAL: The Secretary of War has given me authority to infor Page 117 CHAr. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 117 you that you can occupy Fredericksburg with such force as in your judgment may be necessary to hold it for defensive purposes, but not with a view to make a forward movement. General Abercrombie has been ordered to report to you. He will be relieved from duty, and General Hartsuff is ordered to take his place. Brigadier-General Gibbon has not yet been confirmed. Charles McClure has just been confirmed as commissary. The Adjutant-General says I must see the Commissary-General on the sub- ject of his being ordered to replace Captain Sanderson, in General Patricks brigade. I will attend to this. The Adjutant-General informed me that he would not allow Lieuten- ant Campbell to be relieved from duty in General Kings division. The Governor of Pennsylvania has asked to have relieved from duty on account of his intemperate habits. As soon as General Cadwalader is confirmed he will be ordered to take General command. The Paymaster-General says Major McDowell is now with the large army under General Halleck7 and his services are very important, but as soon as the present press is over he will try to bring Major McDowell here by exchange. The Secretary of War asked me to come and see him again to-morrow. I will leave here Friday morning. I am, general, yours, very respectfully, H. VAN RENSSELAER, inspector- General, U. S. Arm~y. P. S.General Ricketts is anxious to take command of a brigade. He is going to mount his horse to-day, and will let me know to-morrow if he is fit to take the field. HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE BAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, April 3011.30 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Four very intelligent mentwo of them Pennsylvanians, one a Vir- ginian, and one a Marylanderhave just come in from the enemy in our front, and have given me precise, and I believe reliable, information as to the strength, position, and intentions of the enemy. One body, under the command of Gen. Joseph B. Anderson, of the Tredegar Iron Works, is at Guineys Station, on the railroad, 14 miles from Fredericks- burg. He has the Second and Seventh Virginia, the First South Caro- lina Volunteers, and the First South Carolina Volunteers for the war in all, four regiments and a Louisiana battalion. One battery, the Letcher Artillery, composed of two brass 6-pounders, two brass 12- pounder howitzers, and two 10-pounder Parrott guns. The artillery company is new and uninstructed. Besides this he has four other pieces, not yet provided with horses, and about 150 horsemen, badly armed. The artillery came up from Richmond, the South Carolina regiments from Yorktown, and General Anderson from North Caro- linaall last Friday. This force is represented as being posted in front of what is called Swamp Marsh; the roads behind it very bad. Another body, under General Field, is at Stone Mills, about the same distance from Fredericksburg as Anderson, and about 7 miles west of Guiney~s Station, with a road communicating between the two. Field has th Page 118 118 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [Ciiii~. Xxiv. force which was here when we advanced, which they estimate loosely. I suppose it may amount to 3,000 meninfantry,, artillery, and cavalry. has the Walker battery of six pieces, four 6. pounder Parrotts and two brass howitzers. They expect to fall back as soon as they are pressed, and go to Hanover Junction, where they are to join Jacksons force, ziow retreating from Gordonsville. This they heard this morning. At hanover Junction or Hanover Court-House they expect to make a stand. Last Sunday an order was read ou parade warning the men to be ready to fall back at a moments notice. A detail of 8 men from each company of a regiment was made to stay behind and burn the railroad bridges. On Monday they cut and split the wood and placed it on the bridges, which are ready to be fired. It was given out they were to fall back to Hanover Junction. Jackson was to do the same, and is iiow on his way there from Gordonsville. When the force which came from Manassas fell back from Gordonsville to Yorktown, Gordonsville was abandoned till Jackson passed through. When they brought the ~irtilIery for Andersons force from Richmond part came by railroad and part by the common road. The roads were so bad, and are now ~o bad, that they cannot possibly be used for their retreat. I have sent over what remains of McCalls division. All reports of our movements in the New York papers appear in the Richmond papers of the last dates. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major. General, Commanding Department. N~w MARKET, April 30, 1862. Lion. E. NI. STANTON, Secretary of War: All quiet. Some alarm excited by movement of enemys cavalry. It appears to.day that they were in pursuit of Union prisoner who escaped to our camp at Alma Bridge. He reports Jackson at foot of Blue iRidge. Ordnance train sent over mountains. The day he left, Jack. ~ou was to be re-enforced by Johnson and to make attack via Luray. Another report says Jackson is bound for Richmond. This is the fact, I have no doubt. Johnson is west of Staunton 6 miles; Milroy in his rear. Jackson is on half rations, his supplies having been cut off by our advance. There is nothing to be done in this valley this side of fortifications this side of Strasburg. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. NEW MARKET A lion. E. M. STANTON, pril 30, 1862. Secretary of War: Further reflection and full consultation with all leading officers con- firm opinion expressed in my dispatch of 29th instant. There is noth- ing more to be done by us in the valley. Nothing this side of Strasburg requires our presence. Fortifications there, now finished, were planned by Captain Hunt, to protect our lines below with small force. Enemy will not return unless small force in upper part of valley tempts them to try for a victory. Our force never in so good condition or spirits. Can move across mountains from New Market via L~ray or Madiso Page 119 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 119 at notice. Supplies follow by three linesStrasburg, Front Royal, Warrenton Junction. Our advance will clear whole country of the enemy north of Gordonsville. Enemys force there far less than repre- sented in newspapersnot more than 20,000 at outside. Jacksons army reduced, demoralized, on half ratious. They are all concentrat.. ing for Richmond. The movement suggested will enable you to con- centrate our forces there whenever you desire. Looking upon this at first with doubt, I am now satisfied that it is the most safe and effective disposition possible for our corps. I pray your favorable consideration. Such order will electrify our force. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. WHEELING, VA., April 30, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Agreeably to orders from General Garfield, on or about March 20, Colonel Cranor, commanding 1,200 men at Piketon, Ky., continues to report to him. I infer that all the force in that portion of my depart- meiit are acting under the orders of General Buell, but I feel it my duty to suggest that this force, with a large quantity of stores, is much ex- posed. I think re-enforcements may he necessary to enable it to main- tain its position, which reports, by an officer sent me by Colonel Cranor, inform me is threatened by 12,000 rebels, under Floyd and Marshall. If General Morgan is doing anything in anticipation of this demonstra- tion on the part of the enemy I am not informed. I learn that four batteries are being organized at Indianapolis. Could one battery and three regiments be sent thence to Piketon? J. C. FRI~MONT, Major. General. WHEELING, VA., April 30, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Dispatch of to-day just received. I repeat the following report, sent yesterday morning, viz: General Milroy reports that his scouts have been within 7 miles of Staunton. Johnson was still retreating, and was said to be on his way to join Jackson. A foraging party of 26 wagons sent out by General Milroy six days ago to Bull Pasture, 12 miles from McDowell, became water-bounds and was attacked by guerrillas and destroyed, only 10 horses escaping. Three soldiers are thus far known to have been badly wounded. A detachment has been sent to Bull Pasture. The advance of General Coxs forces under Colonel Scammon found intrenchments on the east side of New River, opposite. The rebels had strong breastworks and rifle pits. They retreated on the approach of Colonel Scammon, whose pickets are now within 2 miles of Flat Top. No change since yesterdays report. I have heard nothing further from Milroy. Streams along the Moore- field and Franklin road continue impassable. Hope to have Blenkers division at Moorefield by end of the week. Will hereafter number all telegrams sent to yourself, this being No. 1. J 0. FR1~MONT, Major-General Page 120 120 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV~ IIDQRS. ELEVENTH IREGT. OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Winfield, Va., April 30, 1862. Assistant Adjutant- General, Hdqrs. District of the Kanawha: SIR: I have the honor to report that the expedition sent out from this point under Major Jackson to Mud Creek returned yesterday. It ap- pears that after leaving Garretts Mill about dark on Sunday evening, our men were fired upon by a party oi bushwhackers in ambush, their shots, however, not taking effect. The fire was briskly returned by our men, but with what result is not known, as it was so dark the enemy could not be distinguished or pursued. On Monday morning some of them made their appearance, but ran on the approach of our troops. These menof whom there are supposed to be about 100traverse the country in small gangs and rally together upon notice given them by citizens of danger; this, at least, seems to have been the case during the recent expedition. (I would state that our men did not pursue the usual route of travel.) The distance from this place t~ Garretts Mill is about 25 miles; it is some miles nearer Guyandotte than Winfield. Subsistence taken from citizens was receipted for by Major Jackson. Inclosed I send charges against two menJacob Douglas and A. Mc. Lainsent here from Coalsmouth by Lieutenant Young. Please inform me what to do with the prisoners. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, A. H. COLEMAN, Lieutenant.Colonel, Commanding Eleventh Ohio Volunteers. SPECIAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, No. 95. Adjt. Gen.s Qffice, Washington, April 30, 1862. * * * * * * V. Brig. Gen. George L. Hartsuff, U. S. Volunteers, will relieve Brig. Gen. J. J. Abercrombie in his present command. The staff of the di. vision will remain on duty with it until further orders. General Aber. crombie, having turned over his command, will repair to Philadelphia and await further orders. * * * *. * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. Abstract from Brigade Beturn. of the Department of the Shenandoah, Maj. Gen. N. P. Bank, commanding, for month of April, 1862. Present for ~ duty. ~. ~ c~. Cominaud. ~a ct.~ ~ on ~C bL~ ~ 0 ~ ~ First (Williams) Division: Donnellys brigade 108 2,839 3,056 3,430 Abercrombies brigade...... . Gordons brigade 116 2,889 3,287 3,750 Artiflery (six batteries) 21 471 533 598 26 Cavalry (Hatchs) command .. 142 2, 792 3,273 3,762 * Incomplete. No departmental return found for this period Page 121 Ca& m XXTV.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 121 Abstract from Return of the Mountain Department, Maj. Gen. John C. Fr6mont command- ing, for April, 1862 Present for a duty. ~, ~ Command. a 0 ~ ~ District of the Kanawba 360 8,134 10,327 12,030 Cheat Mountain District 174 8,913 5,010 6,530 Railroad District 103 2, 202 2,417 2, 573 Scheucks brigade 93 2,242 2,668 3, 150 Total 730 16,491 20,422 24, 283 HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OP THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Aquja, May 1, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: Just before leaving opposite Fredericksburg I was told by a Union man that General INelds advance, consisting of a regiment of infantry and Walkers battery of artillery and some cavalry, was at the Syca- mores, about 11 miles from Fredericksburg, on the old stage road to Richmond. This road is to the west of the railroad. Fields main body is at Stone Mill, which is on the same road as the Sycamores. His and General Andersons force amount to about 6,000 men. Some of Fields are of recent levy and are discontented, and may leave him if they can find a good chance. The railroad repair has been delayed for want of iron from Alexandria, but is now going forward as fast as pos- sible. One of the bridges of boats is nearly completed across the Rap. pahannock, and can be finished at any time in a few hours. Owing to the non-transmission of my telegram from the opposite shore, the re- mainder of McCalls division will not march from Oatletts till to-mor- row, instead of to7day, as ordered. IRYIN MCDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department WAR DEPARTMENT, May 1, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The President has directed the transfer of General Shields, with his division, to your department. You will transmit an order to General Shields, addressed to Woodstock, to move to such point within your department as you may designate (the President preferring Catletts Station), having in view the instructions hitherto received by you with respect to this capital, communicating a copy of your order in the case to this Department. EDWIN M. STANTON i9ecretary of War Page 122 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 121 Ab8traot from Return of the Mountain Department, Maj. Gen. John C. Fr6mont command- ing, for April, 1862. Present for ~ duty. ~ Command. a ~c ~ ~C ~LO District of the Kanawha 360 8,134 10,327 12,030 Cheat Mountain District 174 3,913 5,010 6, 530 Railroad District - 103 2, 202 2,417 2, 573 Scheneks brigade 93 2,242 2,668 3, 150 Total 730 16, 491 20,422 24, 283 HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Aquia, May 1, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Just before leaving opposite Fredericksburg I was told by a Union man that General I~lelds advance, consisting of a regiment of infantry and Walkers battery of artillery and some cavalry, was at the Syca- mores, about 11 miles from Fredericksburg, on the old stage road to Richmond. This road is to the west of the railroad. Fields main body is at Stone Mill, which is on the same road as the Sycamores. His and General Andersons force amount to about 6,000 men. Some of Fields are of recent levy and are discontented, and may leave him if they can find a good chance. The railroad repair has been delayed for want of iron from Alexandria, but is now going forward as fast as pos- sible. One of the bridges of boats is nearly completed across the Rap- pahannock, and can be finished at any time in a few hours. Owing to the non-transmission of my telegram from the opposite shore, the re- mainder of McCalls division will not march from Oatletts till to-mor- row, instead of to-day, as ordered. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 1, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The President has directed the transfer of General Shields, with his division, to your department. You will transmit an order to General Shields, addressed to Woodstock, to move to such point within your department as you may designate (the President preferring Catletts Station), having in view the instructions hitherto received by you with respect to this capital, communicating a copy of your order in the case to this Department. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 123 122 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., AND~ MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 1, 1862. Major-General BANKS, New Market: General Abererombie has been relieved, and General Hartsuff as- signed to his command, with orders to report to General McDowell temporarily and while it is necessary for that force to operate in McDowells department. Colonel Geary has signified his intention to change his position. He has been ordered to remain on the line of the Manassas Gap Railroad to guard its reconstruction and keep the corn- inunication open. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Alay 1, 1862. Major-General BANKS: The President directs that you fall back with the force under your immediate command to Strasburg, or such other point near there as will be convenient for supplies and enable you t hold the passage along the valley of the Shenandoah. General Shields will receive orders within a day or two to pass with his division into the Depart- inent of the Bappahanuock. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE SHENANDOAH, New Market, Va., May 1, 1862. Brig. Gen. LORENZO THOMAS, Adjutant- General U. S. Army: GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a letter from the Secretary of War, dated April 25. 1862, inclosing the plan of operations proposed by General Fr6mont for the occupation of Knox. ville, and the order of the Government thereupon, forwarded for the information of this department.. I am, general, with much respect, your obedient servant, N. P - BANKS, Major-General, Commanding Department. WAIL DEPARTMENT, May 1, 1862. Major-General FR]~JMONT: This Department has not heard from you since Colonel Alberts return to your headquarters, whether you intend to carry out the plan of oper- ations you proposed in the communication sent by him, and which was substantially approved by the President. Please inform me on this point immediately. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 124 124 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. without undue risk. The roads to the enemy are said to be better than they are behind him, being, in fact, quite impassable for his artillery in retreat. By to-morrow night I should have nearly 20,000 effective men on the Bappahannock, with a broad bridge of boats, a l)ontoon bridge, and a steam ferry-boat to cross the river. The enemy is un- doubtedly accumulating in front, and will continue to do so as he hears of my re-enforcements. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. AQIJIA, May 2, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON Secretary 0/ War: Your telegram of May 1, placing General Shields in this division, was received this morning. General Shields will be ordered, as soon as the telegraph is in operation between Harpers Ferry and Wood- stock or Winchester, to repair without delay to Catletts, whether by way of Chester Gap and Warrenton or Manassas Gap will depend on his means of transportation and the roads. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Aquia, May 2, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Dtvi8wn, Woodstock, Va.: We are all delighted in this department that the President should have done me the honor to place your gallant division under my com- mand. I am instructed by the Secretary of War, under date of May 1, to transmit you an order to move to such l)lace within this department as I may designate. Accordingly, I wish you to repair at the earliest moment practicable, and by such route as you may find best, to Cat- letts Station, on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, and where that road crosses Cedar Run. This point is about 2 miles from the junction of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad with the Warrenton Branch Railroad. So far as my knowledge of the country goes this point may be best reached by way of Front Royal, Chester Gap, and the town of Warrenton. What the distance is and the condition of the road I do not know nor do I know your means of transportation. I am nuder impression you may find forage on the way, but as General Blenkers and Colonel Geary~s commands have been in that department, you may find the quantity insufficient. If you desire to come that way I can have supplies meet you at Warrenton. If you find this road less prac- ticable than by way of Manassas Gap and Manassas Junction, supplies can be sent to you on the Manassas road. Please acknowledge receipt here of letter. Let me know when you can take up your line of march; by what road you are coming; what are your means of transportation, and what the composition and strength of your command. The most of my force are now at Fredericksburg. We have General J. R. Anderson, of the Tredegar Iron W orks, and General Field abou Page 125 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 125 11 and 14 miles in front. Jacksoll has pushed through Gordonsville and is on his way to Hanover Junction, on the line to Ilichmond; so in coming over eastward you will be following him up. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 2, 1862. General SHIELDS: In the execution of the order you have received or may receive from General McDowell to pass with your division into the Department of the Rappahannock, it is not expected that you move until the arrival or approach of General Banks to the position assigned him in the or- ders of yesterday. He was directed to take post at Strasburg or its vicinity. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WARRENTON JUNCTION, May 2, 1802. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: iReconnaissances to Warrenton, 9 miles, and to the IRappahannock, 9 miles, show no enemy in front, and none reported nearer than Culpeper Court-House. Prevailing rumor that Jackson went to Gordonsville, thence to Yorktown. I do not believe it. Will keep myself well l)osted and report. Present effective strength of brigade five regiments infantry, two of cavalry, and three batteries5,458 men. Comforta- ble in respect to supplies, but a great deal of sickness. Four hundred and eighty-six present sick. Two hundred and eighteen absent sick in various places. Two Indiana regiments to be mustered out on 9th. Fifteen hundred and thirty-two effective men. One hundred and sev- enty-five sick. Two of the batteries require recruitsone 37, the other 29. Much crippled. Could be filled from Indiana regiments about leaving service. Asked permission of General Thomas yesterday, and stated how it could be done. No reply. Please spur him up. Situa- tion of camp unhealthy. Request permission to change it to Warren- ton or some better place in front. Will send to General McDowell concerning it. Country in immediate vicinity stripped and desolate. Task of correcting impressions left by Blenkers command very hard, but is being performed. Thanks for kind and prompt attention to re- quest for appointment of Lieutenant Drake and for news. General Abercrombie just left. Respectfully, GEO. L. HARTSUFF, Brigadier- Generai. HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE BRIGADE Near Rectortown, Va., May 2, 1862 (via Front Royal). Hon. E. M. STANTON: Not had any answer to my call for troops from Manassas. My com- mand is scattered for nearly 30 miles, and as soon as I am re-enforce Page 126 CILh~r. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 127 18,000. We rest here for the present. By order we occupy Harrison- burg. N. P. BANKS, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, May 2, 1862. Brigadier-General MILBOY, Monterey: Dispatch received. Your efforts in Suppression of guerrillas ap- proved. The commanding general takes this occasion to say that he has been gratified with the good conduct and gallantry displayed by your command since entering the Monterey Valley, and requests that as much be conveyed to them through your headquarters. He als& desires me to say that special thanks are due to yourself for the vigi- lant activity you have shown in keeping yourself so thoroughly ac- quainted with the movements of the enemy. J. C. FR1~MONT. CHARLESTON, [May?] 2, 1862. Major-General FR]~MONT, Wheeling: Dispatch received. The utmost our trains can do till increased will be to supply two-thirds of my movable force at Princeton and Raleigh. Colonel Crook has to send a large detachment to Sutton with the mur- derers to be hung on the 9th. As soon after that as we get more teama he can march directly on Lewisburg, two other regiments co-operating with him on the direct road from Gauley Bridge. I leave for Raleigh on Monday, and will personally examine the system of transportation as I go. Gallipolis quartermaster speaks of the middle of the month as the time we may expect additional transportation. Everything de- pends on this, as absolutely nothing can be got from the country but a little forage. Fuller statement by mail. J. D - COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Charleston, May 2, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding Mouiftain Department, Wheeling, Va.: GENERAL: I propose to divide and arrange my force as follows: 1. For the protection of the valley, two regiments and two troops of cavalry, posted as follows.: Four companies Fourth Virginia Inflintry at Charleston; two companies of same and Wests cavalry troop at Camp Piatt, 10 miles above here, where the Boone and Logan road comes tG the river, and four companies of same at Chapmanville, on Guyandotte River; all under command of Colonel Lightburn; headquarters at Charleston. 2. For protection of Gauley Valley and head of Kanawha, one regi- ment, the Ninth Virginia, Col. Leonard Skinner, and one troop cavalry. Four companies at Summerville, six companies at Gauley Bridge, and furnishing detachments to guard stores at Loup Creek, the cavalry troop, Schambecks, at Gauley Mount. 3. On the Newbern road, under my immediate command, headqua Page 127 Cair. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 127 18,000. We rest here for the present. By order we occupy Harrison.. burg. N. P. BANKS, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, May 2, 1862. Brigadier-General MILRoY, Montere~j: Dispatch received. Your efforts in suppression of guerrillas ap- proved. The commanding general takes this occasion to say that he has been gratified with the good conduct and gallantry displayed by your command since entering the Monterey Valley, and requests that as much be conveyed to them through your headquarters. He alsc~ desires me to say that special thanks are due to yourself for the vigi- lant activity you have shown in keeping yourself so thoroughly ac- quainted with the movements of the enemy. J. C. FR1~MONT. CHARLESTON, [May?] 2, 1862. Major-General FRftMONT, Wheeling: Dispatch received. The utmost our trains can do till increased will be to supply two-thirds of my movable force at Princeton and Raleigh. Colonel Crook has to send a large detachment to Sutton with the mur- derers to be hung on the 9th. As soon after that as we get more teama he can march directly on Lewisburg, two other regiments co-operating with him on the direct road from Gauley Bridge. I leave for Raleigh on Monday, and will personally examine the system of transportation as I go. Gallipolis quartermaster speaks of the middle of the month as the time we may expect additional transportation. Everything de- pends on this, as absolutely nothing can be got from the country but a little forage. Fuller statement by mail. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Charleston, May 2, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding Mountain Department, Wheeling, Va.: GENERAL: I propose to divide and arrange my force as follows: 1. For the protection of the valley, two regiments and two troops of cavalry, posted as follows.: Four companies Fourth Virginia Jnfirntry at Charleston; two companies of same and Wests cavalry troop at Camp Piatt, 10 miles above here, where the Boone and Logan road comes tG the river, and four companies of same at Chapmanville, on Gnyandotto River; all under command of Colonel Lightburn; headquarters at Charleston. 2. For protection of Gauley Valley and head of Kanawha, one regi- ment, the Ninth Virginia, Col. Leonard Skinner, and one troop cavalry. Four companies at Summerville, six companies at Gauley Bridge, and furnishing detachments to guard stores at Loup Creek, the cavalry troop, Schambecks, at Gauley Mount. 3. On the Newborn road, under m~ immediate command, headqua Page 128 128 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. ters in the field, First Provisional Brigade, under Col. E. P. Scammon, consisting of Twenty-third, Thirtieth, and Twelfth Ohio Infantry, and MeMullins battery; Second Provisional Brigade, nuder Col. A. Moor, consisting of Twenty-eighth, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-seventh Ohio Infantry, and Simmonds battery; also one battalion of Colonel Bolles Second Virginia Cavalry; also Smiths Ohio Cavalry Troop will accom- pany my headquarters. 4. The Third Provisional Brigade, under Col. George Crook, will con- sist of the Thirty-sixth Ohio, now at Summerville; the Forty-fourth Ohio, now at Gauley Bridge; the Forty-seventh Ohio, now at Gauley Mount, and the Eleventh Ohio, now at Winfield, but which will move forward as soon as the hurry of other transportation is a little over. With it also will be a battery now forming out of infantry detachments from the regiments, and when it moves it will be accompanied by the Second Battalion of Bolles Second Virginia Cavalry. My design is to push forward the First and Second Brigades to Prince- ton or Pearisburg, then endeavor to operate so as to cut off retreat of any troops there may be at or near Lewisburg, while the Third Brigade moves forward by both Wilderness road and the turnpike upon Lewis- bnrg. The smallness of our train is the only cause of delay. Estimates of the work to be done and the number of teams needed were forwarded by my order by Captain Fitch, assistant quartermaster, to department headquarters in February, but we have as yet received no additional transportation, and, on the other hand, have had 200 of our horses taken away from the stables at Gallipolis, where they were recruiting, and put on the lilomney line. We have only some 250 wagons for use in trains, besides those actually used in moving regimental baggage. Each wagon can transport 1,000 pounds 6 miles and return (12 miles) per day. The nature of the coun- try, the delays in loading, & c., in shoeing, and other accidental hinder- ances make this all that can be reckoned on permanently. Lewisburg is 65 miles from head of navigation. Newbern is 140 miles. You will see from this how totally inadequate our supply is, when we take into the account that the country is for subsistence purposes a desert. I shall make the troops travel light, leaving tents and bivouacking if necessary, and will promise to do all that you think should be done un- der the circumstances. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ~. D. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. CHARLEsTON, May 2, 1862. Col. E. P. SCAMMoN, Raleigh: Dispatch received. Your views as to action of advance guard agree with mine. The Twenty-eighth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-fourth will constitute a provisional brigade, under command of Colonel Moor. Half the Thirty-fourth is ordered to Raleigh. Communicate with Col- onel Moor at Fayette in regard to watching the river crossings. Con- centrate your two regiments at the best point you can get, either near top of Flat Top or beyond. Do not push them beyond where your own train can feed them. Levering has all he can do to supply the depot at Ra- leigh, from which you must draw till the promised increase of trans- portation comes- Gardner must not be permitted to interfere in an Page 129 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 129 way with Leverings trains. If he wants help, he must telegraph Lev- ering and not interfere first; otherwise stores will be short at Raleigh and the responsibility for it will be on Gardner. The Twelfth Ohio will start to join you in a day or two and will form part of your brigade. Give me the latest news of the enemy. Do not; spare effort to find where they are. Parties from the Forty-seventh are near S~well Mountain. After this have information of movements sent in the cipher. J.D. COX Brigadier- General. Hon. E. M. STANTON, IIARRISONBURG, May 3, 1862. Secretary, of War: I do not think it possible to divide our force at this time with safety. The enemy is largely re-enforced by Ewells division. He has three brigades of infantry and one of cavalry, estimated at 12,700. It is prob- ably less, but still a very material increase. He is near the bridge; Jackson 5 miles above, near Port l~epnblic. All quiet to-night. The escort of the signal corps had a short skirmish with the enemy, who were in ambush on the mountain. Several of the enemy were seriously wounded. We lost two prisoners, one wounded in the shoulder. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. NEW MARKET, May 3, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Your dispatch as to the disposition of troops of the Fifth Corps re- ceived, and measures will be taken in accordance therewith. I shall grieve not to be included in the active operations of this summer. I go to Harrisonburg this evening. N. P. BANKS, Major- General. WINCHESTER, May 3, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT: Since my dispatch of yesterday morning the First Brigade, General Stahel commanding, having obtained shoes for the barefooted, started for Romney, with orders to stop there and get clothing. The destitu- tion of these troops has been great. You will receive by mail inspection reports acquainting you more fully with the condition and the effect of a careful, thorough personal inspection. Very respectfully, W. S. BOSECRANS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. CHARLESTON, May 3, 1862. Col. E. P. SCAMMON, Raleigh: General Fr6mout desires me to express to your troops through you his gratification at their gallant conduct on 1st instant. I add my own 9 R RYOL flI, PT II Page 130 130 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIY. expressipn of satisfaction at the promptness of Lieutenant-Colonel Hayes in marching upon Princeton. The Twclfth Ohio starts this morning. Will give you full reasons hereafter why a change is not feasible. You will find it a serviceable regiment. Let me know what you regard as the best point to hold near Princeton till I can secure the means of supplying a large concentrated force. I am especially anxious that you should get fresh information of the enemys numbers, & c, and take thorough measures to be advised of any concentration in your front. Unite the Thirtieth and the battery with the Twenty-thfrd as soon as may be. I shall leave here on Monday and reach Raleigh with my headquarters Wednesday evening probably. Send the number of wounded and pris- oners as soon as you can. J. D. COX, Brigadier. General, Commanding. CAMP XESsIE, Near New Creek, May 3, 1862. Brig. Gen. JACOB D. Cox, Commanding District of the Kanawha, Charleston: GENERAL: For the purpose of cutting oft and capturing the rebel forces now in Greenbrier County the following movements must be effected at once: The Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteers, Colonel Crook, to march from Summerville by Coalsmouth over the Free Bridge, then on the left bank of Greenbrier River to the other bridge on the road leading from Lewisburg to White Sulphur Springs. The Forty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteers, Colonel Gilbert, to be transported by steamer from Camp Piatt to Gauley Bridge, thence to take the Kanawha turnpike to Lewisburg. Colonel Scammon to send part of his brigade over New River toward Stevens Ferry. The troops to march without transportation, but with four days rations in their haversacks. Colonel Crooks column may meet a small detachment of the enemy. at Coalsmouth, which must be attacked and routed by a sudden charge. Another detachment of the rebels at Franklin Fort may be evaded and left in its position with advantage to the general result. Colonel Gilberts column is expected to meet a rebel detachment at Blue Sulphur Springs, which must be suddenly attacked and routed, and the success immediately followed up by the taking and occupation of Lewisburg. The commencement of these respective movements, though it is of the utmost importance that they should be made without the least delay, must be left to your best judgment, so that neither suddenness of movement nor concert of action may be lost sight of. The bearer of this dispatch, Mr. Edward J. Allen, a thoroughly re- liable gentleman, may be advantageously employed to guide either Colonel Crooks or Colonel Gilberts column. in The general commanding desires you to issue the necessary orders your own handwriting, without disclosing the movements to any person whatever except to the commanders above mentioned, and only so much at a time to them as is absolutely necessary for them to know. Respectfully, your obedient servant, ALBERT TRACY, Colonel, Assistant Adjutant- General Page 131 ChAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 131 (Indor8ement.] The retreat of the rebels from Lewisburg was not anticipated when I received this order. WASHINGTON, May 4, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Shields, llartsuff, and Geary have already been directed to receive your orders, and you have beeu authorized to give them orders. It seems to me the Department has done all in its power to place them in yonr command. If simple prudence requires them to be on your line is not your own action all that is required for that prudential measure What more do you want of the Department in respect to Shields? As to Blenker, the President still refuses to change the destination of that divi~ion. Geary reports that the line of railroad from Manassas to Strasburg is threatened by guerrillas at IRectortown, Salem, and Piedmont, and also at its western end; and that his force is not suffi- cient to guard it securely. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE BAPPAHANNOCK, May 4, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I want nothing further from the Department in respect to Shields. My dispatch was more particularly with respect to Blenker, and in fur- therance of the views you had expressed in relation to his destination, and in which I entirely concurred. As to Geary, I cannot think he is too weak to guard the road, but I shall know better when I hear from him. Your telegram is the first authority I have received for consider- ing him subject to my orders. Jeff. Davis coachman has come, and brings a good deal of interesting gossip from Richmond, which I will send you soon. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General,. Commanding Department. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK Potomac Creek, May 4, 18b2. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The bridge across the Accokeek is just finished, and track laid. I have just come over on the locomotive. The force will now be thrown on the bridge at this place and the one over the Rappahannock and the two will be builtthe engineers (Haupt and Stone) estimate within twelve days. Your dispatch announcing the evacuation of Yorktown is received. The enemy must now fall back upon the Pen- insula and mass his force in front of Richmond, with perhaps his right on James River, his center at or near West Point, and his lef Page 132 132 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. behind the Pamunkey, at Hanover Court-House or Hanover Junction. If he is not pressed hard by McClellan he may, by having concentrated his troops, be able, by the use of the railroad, to send a large force, with sat~ty to himself, against inc at Fredericksburg; or, if he is hard pressed by McClellan, the latter will need me to operate in strength on the enemys extreme left. In either case is it not simply prudence to at once send over to this line every available battalion, that this final struggle may be met or urged, with every chance of insuring a favor- able result, as speedily and as economically, both in blood and treasure, as possible? I propose to urge Shields division over here at once, and 1 beg leave to urge, and I do with reluctance, on personal ground, that if Blenkers division can be brought over it will be for the public good. He cannot otherwise possibly reach any enemy to do anything, either directly or indirectly, and here his force may avert disaster or insure success. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HARRISONBURG, May 4, 1862noon. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your dispatch of 4th received 10 a. m. Our officers are all confident that Jacksons force is near Port Republic, and Ewells division at Elk Run Church, near Millers Bridge, on Shenandoah River, Jacksons old position. N. P. BANKS Major- General, Commanding. WINCHESTER, May 4, 18623 p. m. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your two dispatches received. Dei gratia they will be but demon- strations, or will be very costly to the rebels, if the grand army has the will and power of locomotion. The First Brigade of this division has gone to Romney. The horseshoes arrived. The cavalry and teams of the other are ready to move to-morrow. If you think it prudent to wait till Tuesday telegraph. W. S. JIOSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. No. 3.] NEW CREEK, May 4, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Cox reports that after the affair at Camp Creek the Twenty. third Ohio, Lieutenant-Colonelllayes, pushed forward and drove Col- onel Jenifer, with 300 cavalry, through Princeton. Jenifer set fire to the place, but 6 or 8 houses were saved by Lieutenant-Colonel Hayes. Jenifer is reported to have gone to Rocky Gap. lie adds that Lieu- tenant-Colonel Paxtons detachment of Bolles cavalry behaved sple Page 133 CHkP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 133 didly, and that the Twenty-third Ohio marched 22 miles that day over bad roads. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. (Same to General Banks.) Col. ALBERT TRACY, CHARLESTON, May 4, 1862. Assistant Adjutant- General, New Creek: Dispatch received. No troops except Colonel Crooks are now nearer Sutton than Gauley Bridge. His are, in fact, the only ones available for the execntion at Sutton. I do not know what troops are there, as it is out of my district. From Gauley Bridge to Sutton is nearly 70 miles, and a very bad road. J.D. COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, May 4, 1862. Brigadier-General MILROY, Monterey: General Banks informs me that he occupies llarrisonburg. He adds that Jackson has been seen moving toward Port Republic, and suggests that his intention may possibly be to join Johnson and attack you. You will keep your scouts and reconnoitering parties actively engaged. Lieutenant-Colonel Harris will make another incursion into Webster County on Thursday next. Can you co-operate with him by sending any force into that county at the same time ~l Two hundred yards of the Gauley line telegraph wire was taken away yesterday morning at 10 oclock near Francis; 200 armed rebels re- ported to have crossed the road near Francis at the same time. Protect your cannon coming from Elkwater. J. C. FR]~MONT, [Major-General]. HEADQUARTERS SCHENUKS BRIGADE, May 4, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General, New Creek: Have been able to get my whole brigade over the river; the wagons and artillery by a lord near the burnt bridge, deep but not bad, and the infantry by a bridge of wagons. Am tonight encamped within 11 miles of Franklin. The road from Petersburg this far is very good, and I ascertain that it continues to be so to Monterey, except the last 2 miles next to that place. The burnt bridge crossed where the river, re- duced to be about 100 feet in width, passes into a mountain gap. The wood part is entirely gone, but could be rebuilt by a sufficient force in two or three days. The stone abutments are still standing. The span is 140 feet, but is not essentially necessary to rebuild. The crossing at Petersburg is much the worst, but by to-morrow night the boat, 45 feet long, which I had commenced building there, will be finished. ROBT. C. SCHENUK, Brigadier- General Page 134 134 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXTV. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISION, Allay 5, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Department of the Rappahannoclc: Your flattering dispatch of the 2d instant, containing instructions, & c., has been received. A dispatch from the Secretary of the same date orders me to remain here until General Banks is in position at Strasburg. This and the calling in of my detachments will detain me yet a few days in this department. I am not quite able as yet to decde the different routes, but incline to the Chester Gap route. My princi- pal difficulty will be in getting forage, and will need some snpply to meet me at Warrenton if I take that route. I will telegraph you more specifically on these points hereafter. My force consists of sixteen regiments of infantry, formed in three brigades; five batteries of artil- lery, including twelve Parrott guns, 10-pounders, six 6-pounders, rifled guns, ten smooth-bores, 6-pounders, and two 12-pounder howitzers, and one squadron of cavalry; making in all an effective force for the field of 11,000 men; my transportation consisting of 13 four-horse wagons to each regiment, with 32 additional four-horse wagons to each brigade and 10 to each battery of artillery. The horses of the command, in- cluding those of the different trains for which forage will be required, will be over 2,000. I mean to dispense with tents, except for hospital and office ~ and with every article of baggage that is not in- dispensable. Further particulars will be given before I take up my line of march. Have asked the Secretary of War for two more regi- ments of infantry and one of cavalry, now under command of General James Cooper, Maryland volunteers. Would wish you would try to get General Cooper. and his magnificent cavalry regiment for me. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 5, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: I have received dispatch from General Shields informing me he will not be able to take up his line of march to joifl me until General Banks is in position at Strasburg and nntil Shields can call in his detachments. He does not say when all this will be and most likely does not know. There has been some firing this morning between the cavalry pickets across the river, some miles below the town. I am again informed that Jackson has left Gordonsville, but am unable to trace him. Jeff. Davis coachman says he had not passed Hanover Junction last Tuesday, and lie heard lie was to join Whiting, Anderson, and Field in Spotsylvania or Caroline, but I have not heard that he has done so. I take the fol- lowing from the last Richmond Examiner: We learn from Fredericksburg that the enemy has made a formal demand for, and taken possession of, the railroad depot and the public stores which were deserted by our troops without being destroyed. Five gunboats and twenty-two barges have come up the river and anchored at the wharf. The barges are said to be common canal- boats. It is thought that the purpose of the enemy is to construct a bridge, over which to pass his army across the Rappahannock. The tngs are low, light-draught, dirty-looking things, bearing two or three small guns each. They are altogether wooden, and a good battery of field artillery might have sunk the whole concern, barges and all. The protection afforded by the enemy to fugitive negroes is said to be playing havoc with slave property in the neighborhood of Fredericksburg. Th Page 135 CHAP. XXIY.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 135 slaves are flocking to the Federal army by hundreds. As many as SO have gone off at one time from the river plantations, and it is said there is scarcely a slaveholder in Fredericksburg who has not lost one or more of his negroes. IRVIN McDOWELL, Myor- General, Commanding. NEW MARKET, May 5, 186210 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: In accordance with orders received yesterday the forces were with- drawn from Harrisonburg to this place. The enemy, we are informed, are moving up on the east side of the mountains to attack Columbia Bridge. Precautions have been taken to prevent. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. UDQUS. DEPARTI~IENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 6, 1862. Hon. E. N. STANTON, Secretary of War: I made yesterday afternoon, with a regiment of cavalry, an examina- lion of the roads leading out of Fredericksburg to the south. We came on the enemys cavalry pickets, drove them in, and captured one of them. He represents Fields force to be now at the Sycamores, on the Bowling Green road, about 14 miles from the town. There has been some picket firing between the enemy and Bayards brigade across the river some miles below. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 6, 1862. Hon. E. N. STANTON, Secretary of War: A person just come in from Richmond reports the arrival of another regiment day before yesterday at Guineys Station, to join General J. R. Andersons force. Lieutenant-Colonel Macomb, Topographical Engi- neers, whom I sent to examine, reports an encampment of the enemy at the mouth of the Massaponax River, a few miles below the towna small earthwork, with two embrasures pointing down the river, cover- ing some obstructions in the channel. The force is opposite the camp of Bayards cavalry. No Richmond papers could be obtained to-day. It is rumored that Norfolk has been evacuated. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE BRIGADE, Near Rectortown Va Hon. E. N. STANTON, ., May 6, 1862. Secretary of War: I have the honor to report that I have not yet been relieved from the eastern section of the railroad, and that the limited force I a Page 136 136 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. thus restricted to in guarding the western portion is inadequate to render it secure against the bands of guerrillas daily threatening it. To prevent designs against the road my much-scattered command is compelled to perform most arduous duty, which much endangers its health. I respectfully ask that you will accelerate the arrival of ~ relief, as before suggested. I have nothing further of importance to report. Very respectfully, JNO. W. GEARY, Colonel Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Comdg. HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE BRIGADE, Near Rectortown, Va., May 6, 18625 p. m. Major.Qeneral MCDOWELL, Commending Department of tkc 1?appahannock: GENERAL: In obedience to orders from your headquarters, bearing date May 5, this moment received,~ I have the honor to report that the position of my command extends from White Plains to the bridge across the Shenandoah near Front Royal. My force is disposed as follows: Four companies of cavalry have charge of the railroad from White Plains to Rectortown, patrolling it, viz, one company located at Salem and three at Rectortown. My headquarters are 1~- miles west of Rec- tortown, near the large bridge over Goose Creek. where I have seven companies of infantry and one of artillery; two companies of infantry and one of cavalry are located at Piedmont; two companies of inflintry are at Markham, and four of infantry and one of cavalry are disposed from Linden to the Shenandoah River. These last companies guard the workmen engaged upon the bridge over the river and the stores of forage and subsistence which were recently deposited at that place. The Zouaves dAfrique, General Banks body guard, are temporarily at my headquarters, but are expected soon to report to General Banks. The railroad is in good running order. Quite a number of guerrillas are still south of us, rendering it necessary to maintain a very vigilant surveillance of the entire line. Inclosed herewith you will find a consolidated morning report of the command. I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. W. GEARY, Colonel Twenty-eighth Regt. Pennsylvania Volunteers, Comdg. NEW MARKET, May 6, 18629.30 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Nothing important resulted from movements of enemy reported last night. Fifth Army Corps now encamped near New Market. My im- mediate command is ready to move at any time. Have received no specific orders whether to move before or after General Shields be here. His division will not be ready for a day or two. Ewells division seems *See Scliriver to Geary, May 7, p. 139 Page 137 Cxir. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 137 intended to replace Jacksons force, which is greatly demoralized and broken. It consists (Ewells) of Taylors brigade, Louisiana, 4,750; Trimbles, 3,000; Earlys, 3,000, and cavalry, 2,000. Such is our best information. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, Princeton, May 6, 1862. General Cox: I have the honor to report my arrival at Princeton with the Thirtieth Regiment and the section of McMullins battery. I now have the Twenty-third and Thirtieth and five companies of the Second Virginia Cavalry and one company of artillery. The country is clear behind us. Our men will be ready to move to- morrow, as far as recovery from fatigue is concerned. I wish on their account to have permission, if it be right, as my information will or will not indicate, to move to Giles Court-House, or even to the depot or railroad in front. The supply of forage and provisions, is here small. Giles is comparatively full. Our own safety will be insured by this move unless the obstacles be great. I will do nothing rash, but as your orders seemed positive not to move beyond Princeton without orders I await your permission. I shall hold my brigade ready to move the moment permission is given. I can leave a small force here without risk, and beg you to grant permission to move to secure the supplies in front from destruction and seize points that may act as something to obtain hereafter. This, however, is chiefly urgent on account of the necessity of subsisting ourselves from the country as fllr as possible. My courier will await at Raleigh for your reply. Very respectfully, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding Third Brigade. MCDOWELL, May 6, 1862. General FR]~MONT: GENERAL: Your dispatch of 4th instaiit received. I believe Jack- sons movement to be a feint for relief of Johnson. He cannot move from Port Republic toward my advanced position without leaving Banks in his rear, which, with the former experience, he will not do, and the latter would have the opportunity to attack him in the rear as he moves in this direction. I shall not retire beyond this point, but in case of an attack by a superior force will await re-enforcernents Schencks and Blenkers force. I cannot give up the country now in our possession. Why cannot they move up rapidly, and then push on vig- orously together and clear the department before the May days are over ~ I may, in case of threatened attack, move on some 7 miles to Shaws Ridge and make a stand there, if permission is granted. I will try and report to you from Staunton within forty-eight hours. MILROY Page 138 138 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 7, 1862. Maj. Gen. I. MCDOWELL, Falmouth, Va.: I am directed by the Secretary of War, who is at Fort Monroe, to tell you to get your forces well in hand for movement and to push your bridges to completion as rapidly as possible. It is not yet perfectly clear what will be the next movement of the forces lately in Yorktown. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. FALMOUTH, May 7, 1862. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF WAR: Your dispatch to get my force in hand ready for movement and to push my bridges to completion is received. The latter I am doing to enable me to do the former. Please give such orders to General Banks as will liberate General Shields. By the latters telegram he is waiting for certain movements of the former before he takes up his line of march to join me. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 7, 1862. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, New Market, Va.: General McDowell has been instructed by telegraph to get his forces well in hand for movement, as it is not known with certainty what the next movement of the enemys forces lately at Yorktown will be. The Secretary of War is at Fort Monroe. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. FALMOUTH, May 7, 186211 p. m. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Division, Woodstock: I have jnst received orders from the Secretary of War to get my forces in hand ready for a movement. Please, therefore, nrge forward your division to join me as soon as possible. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOOK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May [7], 1862. Brig. Gen. JAMES S. WADSWORTH, Military Governor District of Columbia, Washington, D. C.: I received last night a telegram from the War Department to get my forces well in hand, push the rebuilding of the bridges, to be ready fo Page 139 CRAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 139 a forward movement; that it was not clear what would be the next movement of the army which has just left Yorktown. I am pushing the bridges all I can, and fear they will be ready before my force will be in hand, which it is now far from being. What about the Third Bri- gade for my Fourth Division? What can be done and when? IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 7, 1862. Brigadier-General SHIELDS, Woodstock, Va.: Major-General McDowell is anxiously awaiting your reply to that part of his telegram of the 2d instant in which inquiry is made when you can take up your line of march for Catletts and by what road you are coming, so that measures may be taken for throwing forward sup- plies for your division. We are looking for you around here with the greatest interest. Soon as you come we may expect to commence active operations. ED. SOURIVER, Chief of Stail. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 7, 1862. Colonel GEARY, Front Royal: General McDowell directs me to repeat his message sent to you at Front Royal on the 5th instant, and is looking anxiously to its fulfill- ment: Being informed by the Secretary of War that you are placed under my orders, you will report the strength and position of your command to these headquarters. You will also report the same to Brigadier-General Wadsworth, military governor of the District of Columbia, who is charged with the protection of the line from Alexandria to General Banks command. IRVIN McDOWELL. ED. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE BRIGADE, Near Rectortown, Va., May 7, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have just received a telegraphic communication from Major-General McDowell, which informs me I am placed under the orders of that officer, and in compliance with his command have reported both to him and to Brigadier-General Wadsworth the strength and position of my command. Shall I continue my daily reports to you or here- after report only through Major-General McDowell, and does this order guarantee a non-continuance of reporting as heretofore to Major-General Banks? JNO. W. GEARY, Colonel Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Commanding Page 140 140 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [Ci~i~. lily. NEW MARKET, May 7, 186210.30 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Nothing important has occurred to-day. My division is ready to move, but I have no specific instructions whether my movement is to precede that of General Shields division. My opinion is that the movements cannot be separated by long intervals with safety. Our cavalry from near Harrisonbnrg report to-night that Jackson occupies that town, and that he has been largely re-enforced. This refers prob- ably to Ewells division, an account of whose force I sent you last night. Deserters east of mountains confirm report of Jacksons move. ment in this direction. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. No. 4.] Hon. E. M. STANTON, PETERSBURG, May 7, 1862. Secretary of War: Arrived here this evening, after a march of 23 miles, with 650 men of Sixtieth Ohio, Buells battery, and company of cavalry. General Schenck has telegraphed since my arrival that express just received from General Milroy informs him that his advance guard was attacked this morning at 10 oclock by Jackson on Shenandoah. General Schenck is 9 miles beyond Franklin, and pushing forward to join Milroy. Blen- kers division has not yet joined me. General Stahel telegraphed that he is detained with his brigade at iRomney for want of shoes and other snpplies. A dispatch from General IRosecrans has informed me that he was yesterday to leave Winchester with the rest of the division. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General. Col. ALBERT TRACY: FAYETTEVILLE, May 7, 1862. My advance, consisting of part of Twenty-third Ohio Volunteers, under Major Comly, occupied Giles Court-House and the Narrows of New River yesterday, driving out the rebels, who were taken by sur- prise. A considerable quantity of commissary stores taken; a lieu- tenant-colonel, a major, and some 20 privates of the enemy prisoners. The surprise prevented the burning of the place, as the rebels intended. The citizens remain, and most of them seem loyally disposed. Onr movements would be still more energetic if our new train were here. My headquarters will be at Raleigh Court-House, 25 miles from here, to-morrow night. The reverse of the enemy at Camp Creek increases in importance as we learn more of it J. P. COX, Brigadier-General. ROMNEY, VA., May 7, 1862. Colonel TRACY: Your dispatch of this date received. The Second and Third Brigades will arrive here by 4 p. m. Your order will be promptly obeyed, bu Page 141 Cuip. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 141 order at once shoes. We have stores at Green Springs. First Brigade gone forward; left 54 men without shoes. W. S. ROSECRAXS, Brigadier- General, U. /~. Army. NINE MILES FROM FRANKLIN, May 7, 18623.30 p. m. Col. ALBERT TRACY: Have messenger from Milroy. Jackson advanced and attacked his advanced force on Shenandoah this morning at 10 oclock. I was just encamping here, but will hasten on to his support. ROBT. C. SCHENCK, Brigadier- General. SCHENCKS BRIGADE, On the march, May 7, 18624 p. m. Major.General FRI1~MONT: Bring forward infantry ammunition; we are very short. ROBT. C. SCHEiNOK, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS SCHENCKS BRIGADE, May 7, 1862. Major-General FR]~MoNT: Just received the following from General Milroy: HEADQUARTERS BRIGADE, McDowell12 noon. Brig. Gen. ScnnxcK: Enemy pressing us. Our forces thus far engaged are parts of three regiments. Must have aid. Have reason to believe that part of enemy are coming up North River Gap, to prevent junction of your forces with mine; inform Fr6mont. Cannot Blenkers force make a forced march, relieve you and myself? Cannot you join me? Ask Fr6- mont to have Banks press on in the rear of Jackson. Answer by messenger. R. H. MILROY, Brigadier-General. Answer me where you are and with what force. Where is Blenkers force? Will there be any re-enforcement but mine? I am pressing forward. ROBT. C. SCHEYCK, Brigadier. General. MCDOWELL, May 7, 18629 p. m. Brigadier-General SCIIENCK: Your two messages received. If you come by Monterey, would sug- gest that you leave your most fatigued companies there, say three or four, to relieve two companies of the Second Virginia, now stationed there, and bring them on with you, as they will be fresh. The enemy are approaching in two directions, and will be almost certain to attack me at daylight. The commissary-sergeant, Dumont, of the Seventy-fifth Ohio, will tell you further particulars. In haste, MILROY Page 142 142 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. FORT MONROE, May 8, 1862. Hon. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: It is believed here that a considerable force has been sent toward the Rappahannock and Shenandoah to move on Washington. Jackson is re-enforced strongly. General McClellan is still about Williamsburg; Franklin at West Point. The rebels design to abandon Norfolk. Tele- graph Generals McDowell, Banks, and Hartsaff to keep a sharp look. out, and report frequently. Tell General Hitchcock to see that the force around Washington is in proper condition. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Maj. Gen. I. MCDOWELL, Fairnouth, May 8, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, New Mai-ket, Brig. Gen. GEORGE L. HARTSTJFF, Gatletts: It is believed at Fort Monroe that a considerable rebel force has been sent toward the iRappahannock and Shenandoah to move on Washing- ton. Jackson is re-enforced strongly. General McClellan is still about Williamsburg; Franklin at West Point. Rebels design to abandon Nor- folk. Keep a sharp lookout, and report frequently. By order of the Secretary of War: P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 8, 1862. General SHIELDS: The design of the dispatch directing you not to move from the De- partment of the Shenandoah until the arrival or near approach of Gen- eral Banks had in view the possible need of your co-operat~ou with General Banks in resisting the advance of the enemy. You will please construe your orders according to their spirit as abo~ e explained. EDWIN M. STANTON. (Copy to Generals Banks and McDowell.) NEW MARKET, VA., May 8,1862. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: Your dispatch of this date with regard to General McDowells in- structions to move received. I am struggling to get away to join him, but so many delays occur that I am impatient. I cannot give you any idea of the difficulty of dragging supplies out of the department, and will have to leave half supplied after all. Would it not be safe to march direct to Culpeper Court-House in Chester Gap ~ stead of going around by JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Page 143 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 143 WAR DEPARTMENT, May 8, 1862. General SHIELDS: Your suggestion to move through Culpeper Court-House is not approved. Reports from Fort Monroe, communicated to you and to General Banks this morning, will put you both on your guard as to your movements. EDWIN M. STANTON. POTOMAC CREEK, May 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The bridge across Potomac Creek is one-third done. All the timber for the one over the Rappahannock is cut, and will be on the ground this evening. I fear my forces will not be in hand by the time the bridges are done. There are reports of a heavy force of the enemy 30 miles this side of Richmond, on the railroad to this place. Field has moved his force a few miles nearer than he was day before yesterday. Now that I have occupied Fredericksburg we do not get the Richmond papers. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major-General, (Jomdg. Department of Rappahannoek. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Two deserters from the enemy came in this afternoon. They are Irishmen, belonging to I~1ew York, intelligent, and I think truthful. They state that the forces nuder Anderson and Field have been re-en- forced by Brig. Gen. Maxcy Greggs South Carolina brigade. That the whole body moved forward from near Guineys to the Massaponax River, from 6 to 10 miles from Fredericksburg. Greggs command is on the railroad. Fields command to the east, on the Bowling Green road, at the Sycamores. Anderson to the west, on the Richmond road. This advance took place day before yesterday. This statement as to the advanced position taken up by the enemy is confirmed by two of our officersCaptain Farrish and Lieutenant Dempsey, of the New York Seventy-ninth Militiamade prisoners at Bull Run and just released, having becn exchanged and sent into my outposts under a flag of truce. They left prison at Richmond this morning and came in the cars to within some 8 miles of Fredericksburg, being about five hours on the way. They came up with a regiment sent to re-enforce Anderson. They report that troops commenced returning to Rich- mond from Yorktown last Saturday; that they are transferred from the depot where they arrive to another depotthey think the Freder- icksburg onein coaches, wagons, & c., public and private, as fast as they can be moved. At nearing places on the way up these officers were blindfolded. General Anderson was much discontented at their arrival, and was not disposed to suffer them to pass. The deserters say it was understood that Jacksons command was on the way to join Anderson, and that Jackson was to have the chief command. The intelligence from Fort Monroe of the belief there that the enemy in- tends drawing in this line, and the fact that General McClellan is stil Page 144 144 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. before Williamsburg and not in a position to prevent an advance on me, have all caused me to believe that it is highly probable that they may attack me before I shall have force enough to attack them. I have therefore ordered up Brigadier-General Ricketts and two of his regi- inents from Aquia Creek and a battery from Belle Plain. If the place had not been indicated by the President as one he wishes held I would at once order over the bulk of llartsnffs brigade from Catletts, for this is evidently the point of attack. Shields tells me he will not march before to-morrow, and it will take him, I think, a week to reach here. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. MAY 8, 1862. Brigadier-General KING, Catletts: Continue the march of your division to Fredericksburg, using such dispatch as is compatible with the efficiency of your command upon its arrival at that place. ~ MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 8, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding at New Market, Va.: Your telegram of May 7 is just received. Come with all possible expedition to Catletts, as before ordered. I have reliable information that the enemy is increasing his forces largely in my immediate front by drafts from Yorktown. It is of the greatest importance you arrive here at an early day. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. NEW MARKET, VA., May 8, 1862. E. SCHR1VER, Chief of Staff: Sm: Your dispatch of this date received. I am waiting for my de- tached regiments to be relieved by Major-General Banks. My inten- tion and hope are to be able to take up my line of march on the morning of the 9th day, way of Chester Gal), if not otherwise directed. I will telegraph the moment I am ready for depart mire. The order of the 2d found a large portion of my force on detached service, in the present state of affairs I have thought some of going by way of Culpeper Court- House, if there be any likelihood of receiving support and supplies on arriving there. May I inquire when the railroad bridge of the Rap- pahannock is likely to be finished ~ Could I have support and supplies at the place within ten days from this ~ Would the general command- ing deem it safe for me to take that route ~ Will he feel authorized to tkm 2orward to that position? The road from here to Culpeper Court- House is better than that by Chester Gap, but the position of the ad Page 145 ChAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 145 vancing force and the progress made in completing the route are un- known to me. I think every effort, however, consistent with ordinary precaution, should be made to get Gordonsville as speedily as possible. 1 would most respectfully solicit an answer to these queries before 9 oclock to-morrow morning. Respectfully, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Division. HEADQUAPLTERS ADVANCED BRIGADE, Near Rectortozcn, Va., May 8, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Fredericksburg: In obedience to telegram just received to telegraph substance of re- l)Ort sent on 6th instant I beg to state my force is disposed as follows: Four companies of cavalry take charge of railroad from Plains to 111cc- toitown, patrolling it. My headquarters are 14 miles xvest of Rector- town, near the large bridge over Goose Creek, where I have seven com- panies of infantry and one of artillery. Two companies of infantry and one of cavalry are located at Piedmont, two of infantry at Markham, amid Thur of infantry and one of cavalry Porn Linden to the Shenandoah. The latter guard the workmen engaged upon the bridge over the river and tIme stores of forage and subsistence recently deposited at that place. The Zouaves dAfrique, General Banks body guard, are temporarily witb imme. The railroad is in good running order. Quite a number of guer- rillas are still south of us, ren(lering it necessary to maintain a very vigilant surveillance of the entire line. A consolidated morning report was sent you with communication. Everything is quiet upon the line to-day. Very respectfully, ~ ~T GEARY, Colonel Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, May 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: General Cox telegraphs that his advance, consisting of part ot the Twenty-third Ohio, under Major Comly, occupied Giles Court-House and the Narrows of New River yesterday, driving out the rebels, who were taken by surprise. A considerable quantity of commissary stores was taken, and a lieutenant-colonel, a major, and some 20 privates made l)risOners. The surprise prevented the burning of the place, as the rebels intended. The citizens remain, and most of them seem loyally disposed. He adds that the reverses of the enemy at Camp Creek in- cm-ease in importance as they become more known. J. C. FRI~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. 10 R RVOL XII, PT II Page 146 146 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. TIEADQITARTERS, Peters!ntrg, Ma~~ 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Scheuck, after a march of 34 miles in less than twenty -four hours, has effected a junction, as ordered, with General Milroy. He re- l)ortS that lie is just in time, as the enemy is approaching in two, and probably three, directions, at distances from 4 to 7 milesI think John- son and E~e1i,making together about 18,000 mena force considerably greater than ours. Foreseeing this emergency as the probable result of the rebel retreat from Yorktown, I have been endeavoring to meet it, and am forcing Blenkers division up from the rear. General Stahels brigade must to-day be at Burlington, and I think that by this time the remainder of the division has entered this department. J. C. FI4MO1~T, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, Petersburg, Ye., May 8, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Telegram from General Kelley, in command of Railroad District, in- forms inc that Arnoldsburg was yesterday attacked by a force of guer- rillas said to number 400 men, and after a fight, in which several were killed on both sides, the place was surrendered by Lieutenant Parriott, in command. Spencer and the railroad between 1~arkersburg and Graf- ton is threatened. General Kelley has ordered to that l)ortioIi of the road all his forces, and leaves himself as soon as his troops can be for- warded. J. C. FR~MONT, Major-General, Commanding. CUMBERLAND, May 8, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY: The following dispatches just received. I have or(iered all my avail- able force on the western part of the road to ])roceed at once to the scene of action. I will go myself as soon as 1 cami get what force I have here to spare ready. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. [Inclosuro No. 1.] PAR KERSBURG, May 8, 1862. General KELLEY: A dispatch has just reached me which says Spencer is also in pos- session of the rebels; said to be 400. They expect more troops. I have only 132 men here fit for duty. The nearest point to Arnoldsburg on railroad is Cairo. There are no troops between this l)lace and the rebels. - J. C. RATHBONE, Colonel Eleventh Virginia Volztnteers, Commanding Post Page 147 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 147 floclosure No. 2.] PARKERSBURG-, May 8, 186212.52 p. In. General B. F. K~LLEY: Our forces, under Lieutenant Parriott, at Arnoldsburg, surrendered the place yesterday to 400 Southern troops. They have captured sev- eral of the Government teams, clothing, and stores. We have a very small force at Spencer and considerable amount of stores. J. C. IIATHBONE, Colonel Eleventh Virginia Volunteers. HEADQUARTERS RAILROAD DISTRICT, Cumberland, May 5, 1862. Colonel TRACY, Assistant Adjutant-General: Your dispatch received.* I have ordered Colonel Wilkinson to send strong detachments from the line of the railroad to Webbs Mill. Have ordered Captain Boggs to rejoin his company and scout the coun- try in that region thoroughly; will order hini to report to the general, as I can spare him with safety. 1 am yet of opinion that the l)eople are unnecessarily alarmed; nevertheless I will use the utmost vigilance. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. SCHENOKS BRIGADE, May 8, 18624 a. m. Major-General FR~MONT: I hear nothing from you in reply to any of my dispatches. I fear that the telegraph line, which only reaches 2 or 3 miles this side of Franklin, is interrupted. I have let my men, who were very much exhausted, sleep here at a point 5 miles from Monterey, and am now getting ready to start. I will turn to the left here and take the shortest road, about 13 inile~ to McDowell; perhaps my little force may yet be in time to do something. I send you General Milroys last dispatch. Ileavewagons andknapsackshere; cannot afford as much guard as they should have. Respectfully, your obedient servant, ROBT. C. SCIIENCK, Brigadier- General. MCDOWELL, May 8, 186210.30 a. in. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assista ut A dju nt- General: Have arrived here, as General Milroy says, just in time. The enemy are reported approaching for attack in two, and probably three, direc- tions. The scouts and pickets on the diff~ent roads have seen them within distances of from 4 to 7 miles. All seems prepared for receiv- ing them as warmly as inf~rior numbers will admit. My men and horses Not found Page 148 148 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. are just resting after their fatiguing march of 34 miles iii less than twenty-four hours. But what is very bad is the total, the entire, desti- tution of forage here, and if it were in the country parties cannot now be sent out. My own horses have nothing but one feeda few ears of corn brought along. I hear nothing whatever from the genera.1 com- manding. We will do what we can. Where is General Banks at this tincture? Where is Blenkers division? * IROBT. C. SCHEKOK. Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS THIRD PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, Princeton, May 8 [1862]. Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Assistant Adjutant- General, Raleigh: General Cox has of course received my dispatch of yesterday. I would like to move with the Thirtieth to-morrow to Giles Court-house. My only ground for hesitation is from Humphrey Marshalls ability to make a dash at our line of communication from the Tazewell road. In fact a wagon sent out without my approval sonic 10 miles on this road, day before yesterday, was captured by 75 of his cavalry. It was very annoying to me, and the more so as it was ugaimist the whole tenor of my orders in reference to such exI)e(litions. As to tIme enemy in front, nuder Jenifer, they are reported in num- bers equal to or even greater thami my little brigade, but our men are in good heart, an(l there are supplies aheadfiourq corn, beef, & c. To await transportation from the rear is to multiply obstacles in front, and I canimot but think our true course is to push forward and make up in velocity for deficiency of mass. But this point of Princeton must be gnarded. It is threatened by the repOrt(Ml presence of Marshalls force omi our right, and it is necessary to have troops here. Time is every- timing now. I had supposed that the Twelfth Regiment would join me before now, but hear nothing of it. Were it here, or another in its place, the rail- road would be in my possession before time expiration of forty-eight hours. I beg you therefore to send up a regiment to occupy Princeton. I will hold the Thirtieth ready to move as soon as I know relief to be within supporting distance. 1\leantime I have ordered the Twenty- third to remain at Giles Court-House. Our column is getting too long again. Cami you not hurry up a regiment to this place? If it be done so as to make the advance to the railroad at once, the work will be so far complete that you can have breathing time and facilities for the concentration of your column. If the golden opportunity is lost we sImall be all the season preparing to fight a battle of Carnifix. For my own brigade it is needful that it should be concentrated or it will be inefficient. This stretching too umuch demoralizes, and I hold it to be as important to let the two regimnents alternate in having the lead as to (ho any one thing that can be named to preserve the morale of a command. It is just, and justice must be preserved, or the regiment which is always in the rear loses spirit. It so happens also that the senior regimental commander is in the rear, although a change was imitended by me at this point. Au accident prevemmted it. But justice and the claims of discipline should control accidents. These consider- * For otlier dispatches of this date from Schenck to Fr6mont see jimelosures 8 and 9 to Fr~monts report, Part I, p. 28 Page 149 CHAP. Xxiv.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. UNION. 149 at.ions apply more especially to small commands like the little brigade with which I am intrusted. When may I hope to be relieved by the arrival of another regiment i We can subsist if this brigade moves on at once. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding Provisional Brigade. 0 If trains are sent back to Raleigh we are detained here too long. I shall, however, send back a part of the transportation of both reoi. ments, even if my orders from you permit an immediate advance to the railroad. I am expecting a pack train of 50 mules promised to be here by the 11th at furthest. E.P.S. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 102. f Washington, May 8, 1862. I Brim Gen. S. W. Crawford, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to duty in the Department of the Shenandoah, and will report to Major-Gemi- eral Banks. * * * * * * * X. Brig. Gen. Truman Seymour, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to duty in the Department of the Rappahannock, and will report in per- son to Major-General McDowell. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. WASHINGTON CITY, M~y 9, 1862. E. M. STANTON, Fort Monroe: General Buruside, by letter of the 5th instant,* reports the belief that troops of the enemy have been sent from his front to Virginia. McDow- ell reports an increase of the enemy in his front. The movements of Jackson are uncertain. McDowell reports a rumor that he is to com- mand in his front. Fr6moi~t reports that Milroy is threatened by Jack- son. Shields reports a reconnaissance to the suburbs of llarrisonburg without discovering any enemy, which may show the departure of Jack- son, but not his destination. An apprehension of the advance of Mc- Dowell upon Richmond may have originated some movement by the enemy which may be converted into an aggressive one, requiring high authority for the orders that may be necessary to meet it. The Military Board concurs in the above. E. A. HITCHCOCK, [Major-General]. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 9, 1862. General Dix, Baltimore: I think proper to advise you confidentially that the Secretary of War, now at Fort Monroe, has transmitted to this place a rumor that the See Series I, V~1 IX, p. 3S4 Page 150 15O OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., AND MD~ [ChAP. XXIV. enemy, driven from Yorktown, will rapidly concentrate all his available force with a view to an attempt on this city. It is proper you should know of this rumor, because of the character of the population under your eye. E. A. HITCHCOCK, Major- General, U. S. Army. S WAR DEPARTMENT, General BANKS, May 9, 1862. New Market, via Mo ant Jackson: It has become necessary, in the present state of things, to remind you of the orders of the 1st instant, for yourself to take position at Stras- burg or its vicinity. New Market seems somewhat distant to fall within the meaning of the order, and might find you out of positioii should circumstances make it necessary for you to move to the snpI)ort of McDowell. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretar~ of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 9, 1862. General MCDOWELL: in the order placing you in command of the Department of the iRappahannock and in subsequent orders you have been considered as charged with the safety of the capital. The distribution of troops within your department is subject to your orders, the preferences of the President being merely suggested. The movements of the enemy in your front are believed to have been defensive, founded on an appre- hension of your advance on Richmond. Whether the enemy will feel strong enough to take an offensive attitude we have here no means of determining as yet. A report from General Fr& ~mont conveys his opinion that Jackson, with Johnson and Ewell, are in his front threat- ening Milroy. The following is the copy of a dispatch just sent to General Banks, as advisory, from this office. Copies of all telegrams received this morning have been sent both to yourself and General Banks. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. [Inclosure. 1 WAR DEPARTMENT, May 9, 1862. General BANKS: Opinions from General McDowell and General Fr6mont are contra- dictory with respect to Jackson, Johnson, and Ewell. General MeDow- eli reports a rumor that Jackson is to command in his front. General Fr6mont reports his opinion that Jackson is threatening Milroy and is within 7 miles of him, advancing from three directions. General Banks should ascertain whether the enemy is in force in his front or no. If the enenmy is not in force, General Shields should march with all speed to support General McDowell, using railroad via Manassas Gap as far as possible. By this route supplies can meet him, a.i~d li Page 151 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 151 need not encumber himself with heavily loaded trains. The probabil- ities at present point to a possible attempt npon Washington while the Shenandoah army is amused with demonstrations. Washington is the only object now worth a desperate throw. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAIIANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 9, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I do not learn of any change in the position of the enemy since last night. A young man living on the Gordonsville road, whilst plowing in his fathers field, was come upon by a party of the enemy to force him into their ranks. He broke from them, and, though fired upon, succeeded in escaping. He says the enemys force on the Gordonsville road comes from Andersons command at Massaponax. Has General McClellan passed Williamsburg and has General Franklin taken West Point? I ask for the reason that if they have not, the enemy may operate in force upon this position and still present to the Army of the Potomac. I was told by one of the enemy whom we captured that Magrn(lcL at Yorktown was many miles in front of his real intrenchmnents, which were at the short line of Williamsburg. The deserters say it is believed by the enemy that I have here 30,000 men and that as many more are on the way to join me. I shall do nothing to undeceive them, if I can avoid it. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. GENERAL MCDOWELLS HEADQUARTERS, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 9, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I have heard of but one Johnston in the enemys armyJ. E. John- stonand presume there can be no doubt as to his position, and that lie was at Yorktown and is now before Richmond.* As to Ewell, I have not conjectured as to his position, but have supposed him also at Yorktown. I cannot conceive of such a movement as the enemys leav- ing Yorktown to go to Western Virginia, ~)assing by both my force and that of General Banks, as General Fr~niont suggests. 1 concur entirely in your ol)inion that the movements of the enemy in my froiit have been founded on an apprehension of my advance, and from all that I can gather from various sources I am inclined to believe this apprehension conduced to their evacuation of the Yorktown Peninsula. I think not only that they have been defensive, and are so at this date, but I also think that it is within the limits of possibilities, if not probabilities, that they may turn into offensive operations if they can throw forward troops enough for the purpose, and that it is the only thing they will do if they find they can resist General McClellans advance. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Corn ma nding Deparirn ent. *Brig. Gen. Edward Johnson was at this time with Jackson Page 152 1152 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 9, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The ammunition you refer to in your telegram of to-day I have requested may be sent to Aquia. I presume the oversight came froiii the ordnance officer who was with me when it was prepared having been relieved and sent to another command and no one having takeit his place. A colored fugitive from the Louisiana Battalion reports that Anderson has advanced a few miles from his positioii at the Massapon ax, and that on the road to i~ichmoiid are many camps and a large force coming this way. With the enemys main body behind the Chicka- hominy and Franklin at West Point and victorious, as I understand from Colonel Stagers telegram he has been, I cannot think a very large body will venture up this far. It must be in a fit of desperation if they do. I have to-day brought General Ricketts two regiments and a battery to this place from Aquia. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Comm ending Department of Rappahannock. NEW MARKET, Va., May 9, 1862. Hon. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: SIR: A copy of your dispatch of this date to General Banks has reached me. The probabilities are that Jackson took the cars at Waynesborough to join General Edward Johnson, who was retreating before Milroy, and that both united may attempt to strike a blow against him or check his advance. Jacksons force cannot be now more than 9,000 and Johnsons not more than 2,500. Ewell, from all we can learn, is still cast of the Shenandoah, with a force variously estimated at front 6,000 to 10,000. His object does not seem to be to fight, but to prevent the junction with McDowell. If he be within reach I hope to dispose of him on my way to the Department of the Rappahannock. I am glad to know there are cars sufficient to transport my comman(l to Catlctts Station. If so, I can move to-morrow, if my detachments be relieved in time, with 10,000 men, thirty pieces of artillery, 2,500 horses of bag- gage and artillery trains, ten days rations, no forageforage not being procurable hereplenty of ammunition, all ready for the field. I ~viIl telegraph General McDowell to-day to let me know whether there ame cars sufficient to transport my command fi-om Front Royal to Catletts Station and whether forage for horses can be forwarded to Front Royal at once. lf so, I will move forthwith, my principal difficulty being forage and the delay in relieving my detachments. I venture, merely as an opinion, to say the Southern Army will never attempt an advance against Washington. If it makes the attempt the war will soon be over. They can never by any possibility reach the capital, and we can hem them in in such a way as to mimake their de- struction inevitable. I still hold the opinion that they will fall dowmi South, and that all these demonstrations are but feints. I have the honor to be, with great respect, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Page 153 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 153 WAR DEPAHTMENT, May 9, 1862. Geueral SHIELDS, New Market: There are not cars enough on the Manassas Gap Railroad to trans- port your force of 10,000 men, 2,500 horses, with artillery, ammunition, and baooam. The advantage of that route is, that forage and any other supplies needed on the march can be sent from this depot to meet you at such points as you may designate, and thus relieve you from the difficulty expected by both yourself and General Banks of in- sufficient supplies, which it is understood has (letained you. P. II. WATSON, Assi8tant Secretary of War. NEW MARKET, May 9, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: GENERAL: Your last dispatch is just received. My detachments are corning in andi will be able to move on Sunday morning. Mycommand, after getting rid of all sick and disabled an(l unfit for service, will amount to over 10,000, 356 wagons, 2,500 horses, including cavalry and artillery and all. For the sake of expedition I preferred going by rail- road from Front Royal, if the transportation be sufficient; please to let me know. I can have transportation at Front Royal in time, also forage, of which I am wholly (lestitute. I will need horseshoes on my arrival. If the railroad transportation be insufficient please to let nie know. Is it competent to go through to Luray and Wasbington to Warrenton, or must I go by Chester Gap ~ The railroad would, I find, be the quickest, if the railroad cars are sufficient; if so, it would be necessary to send forage to Front Royal at once. I can commence the movement to-morrow if sure to go by railroad. I calculate on being in Front Royal on Monday night. if cars and for- ~ge arc there to meet me I could commence moving on Tuesday morn- in~ to march with ten days rat4ons, a full supply of ammunition ,lit- tlc baggage and tents, only fifteen to a regiment, and with very scanty hospital stores. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, JAS. SIIIELDS, Major- General, Commanding. CATLETTS, May 9,1862. Hon. P. M. STANTON and General MCDOWELL: Contraband just fi-om Culpeper Court-House says rebel cavalry (lriveu from there by our cavalry. Reconnaissance returned day before yesterdayabout 200. No troops between this and Culpeper Court- house, and none beyond up to Rapidan. From there to Orange Court- House about 3,000 scattered along railroad. None at Gordonsville. Forces from there, nuder Ewell, gone to join Jackson. Please keep me informed of movements of troops near. Is restriction against crossing Rappahannock still in force ~ Respectfully, GEG. L. IIARTSUFF, Brigadier- General Page 154 154 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. NEW MARKET, ]lfty 9, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, S~ecretary of War: My command is in condition to move at any moment. General Shields division has to be snpplied from my command, and is not yet ready. it is not safe to leave huin until he is prepared to move, but upon order I can march for Strasbnrg at an hours notice. The enemy does not detain troops here. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. NEw MARKET, May 9, 18624.30 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: Your dispatches received. General Fr~monts opinions as to the posi- tion of Jackson are correct. He has not been in front of General Mc- Dowell unless within two or three days past. Ewells division has been at Elk Run, between Blue Ridge and Shenandoah, on the road from Harrisonburg to Stanardsville, until now. Our scouts report the camp-fires as seen yesterday. He has four brigades12, 700 menand four batteries, of four guns. Jackson was at Port Republic, 6 miles above; Ewell on Shenandoah when my conunaud left llarrisonburg. He is thought to have moved south toward Staunton or possibly to- ward Richmond. If General Fr6mont reports him with Edward John- son against Milroy he is most likely correct. Such movement would accord with all our information up to this day. Johnson has about 3,000, Jackson 8,000 men, making with Ewell over 20,000 men. They are not more than 20 miles distant from each other unless Jackson has moved south recently. They will concentrate against any small force left in the valley. There are no troops at Gordonsville, Madison, or Culpeper unless arrived there recently. Ewells division was the last that left Manassas, the Rappahannock, Culpeper, and Madison. I have reported these facts from day to day to the Department. hundreds of fugitives come through these places into our lines because there~are no troops there. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. (Copy to McDowell from War Department.) HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE SHENANDOAH, New Market, Va., May 9, 1862. Col. JOHN W. GEARY: M~ DEAR SIR: Your dispatch announcing that you were ordered to join McDowell was received a day or two since and the letter relating to the bands of rebels infesting the line of railway last evening. I regret very much indeed that you are to be separated from us more than I ought to express in an official letter. I regret it because I feel that the policy (ft which this order is a part is to end iii allowing the grand army of the rebels to escape unharmed from Virginia and t Page 155 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 155 add another year to the war. But results are not for us to consider and orders are received to be obeyed. We are to fall back to Strasburg. General Shields has received or- ders similar to your own. There are not less than 17,000 men left in the vicinity of the Valley in Jacksons and Ewells command, and any small force left in the valley will of course receive their attention. We were within a few miles of Staunton when ordered to halt. I only wish that with my whole force I could have held that place and co-operated with Fr6mont, who was then coming down from the mount- ains. The valley would have been cleared of the enemy front the Ma- miassas Gap Railway to the Virginia Central between Staunton and Gor- donsville. But that is not in the line of our orders. I wish, colonel, you would, before you leave for McDowells position, send us the artillery that belongs to General Williams (livision. It caine from Abererombie and was left with your command while on its way here. We are very short of artillery. Half our guns are 6-pounder smooth-bores. It is impossible to amiticipate what work lies before us, and I feel the iml)erative necessity of making prel)arations for the worst. I congratulate you on your most deserved J)romotion, and regret only that your brigade is not to join us again. Our connection has been long and to me most pleasamit, and I shall be glad at all times to ac- knowledge the efficiency, alacrity, and un Sn rl)assed energy and abmht.y with which you have discharged all your duties. I am, general, with great respect, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS, Major- General. PETERSBURG, May 9, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The withdrawal of General Banks toward Strasburg has apparently allowed the enemy to concentrate in our front in strength. General Blenkers division is ordered forward by forced marches. Meanwhile, to etihet a junction, General Schenek was yesterday ordered in retreat with our entire advmced force. General Scheuck sent a dispatch from McDowell, dated yesterday afternoon, as follows: There is not a Particle of forage here. The last has given out. The rebels have apl)eared on the hills overlooking us to-day, and we have shelled theta out and had skii-mishiug, with no particular result. I have permitted General Milroy to go up the inotuttain wi Ut four regiments to I)re~-ent the planting of a battery which might shell us out, and perhaps cover night attack. J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Peter8burg, May 9, 1862. Major-General ROSECRANS: GENERAL: You will remain at. New Creek an(l immediately push troops forward to this place by forced marches, and with all possible speed all manner of required supplies that can be sent. For this pur- l)OSC every vehicle and draft animal which the country affords must be l)lessed inimnediately into the service. Everything that can be obtaiuc Page 156 156 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAl. XXIV. from any quarter in the way of supplies to be at onec accumulated at New Creek. The German detachment to furnish men for Dilgers battery, which is to be sent forward by forced marches to reach here to-morrow niorn- ing. See letter by express. J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. ROMNEY, VA., May 9, 1862 3 p. in. Colonel TRACY: Stahels brigade bivouacked at Burlington last night, and is doubt- less now nearer Petersburg than here. If you want men from that for artillery, order had better go direct and copy to division headquar- ters; if from those left, order will be given by me. I telegraphed the speed of the ferry last night. The last regiment is about to cross. Orders are to push steadily and rapidly forward, taking supplies by regiment at Burlington. Have ordered Colonel DUtassy to remain in command here with those who have no shoes and the sick. One coin- l)any is retained to guard the ferry and town, General Kelley having withdrawn the company of Keys cavalry, as you have doubtless been informed. NY. S. IIOSECRANS, Brigadier- General. ItOMNEY, May 9, 1862S p. m. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant. General: Dispatch received. Have telegraphed you Stahels brigade is nearer you than me has Sturinfels battery of four pieces with him; send message to him. Will also send word forw~x~ Your urgency induces me to ask whether precautions are required for this l)lace. Johnson [paymaster] is here, drying his money. What shall be done with himl Am in the dark. NY. S. itOSECRANS, Brigadier- General. ItOMNEY, May 9, 18625.15 p. in. Major-General FR~MONT: Have just dispatched Colonel Tracy fully about general business of division and movement of trool)s. Wait reply to complete everything that can be done here. His dispatch of this morning directs me to New Creek Station to perform duties belonging to the chicf quarter. master. My orders from the Secretary of War are eX1)licit to conduct Blenkers division to your command and then report in person to him at Washington. The point where they were to go was Moorefield. You desire them at Petersburg. I have done all I could to get them ready for a campaign. I have brought them here; crossed them over the river; given General Blenker, a noble and hoiest old soldier, orders to push on to Petersburg with all possible dispatch, taking only needful supplies at Burlington. On the receipt of answer to my inquiries from Colonel Tracy I wil Page 157 ChAT. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 157 complete everything here and leave for New Creek Station, where I will write out such information as may be of use to you, and then I trust you will consider my mission as eiided. Anything I can properly do in the interim for the good of the service I will attend to with 1)leasurc. W. S. lIOSECIlANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. MONTEREY, May 9, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant-General: It is now 1 oclock p. in. We came here, 13 miles, this morning, and have rested the troops and horses, who are much exhausted, until this hour. It is 18 miles to Franklin. We are starting again to make a few mole miles to-night, but there is chance of a flank attack at two points where roads come in between this and Franklin. If you have supports near enough advance them to me at once. ROBT. C. SCIIENCK, Brigadier- General. CAMP MIEROY, Nine miles south of F~-ank-lin, May 9, 186210 p. m. (Received 10th, 3.40 a. in.) Col. ALBERT TRACY: I am 9 miles from Franklin. Will march to or near that place to- morrow. Have come 23 miles to-clay; (lid not resume the march from the Junction at 12 oclock. The appearance of some of the rebel cavalry at our rear and infantry in the woods caused me to make my dispositions for an attack where I had posted myself, but they were probably only following to reconnoiter. They captured, however, and wounded 4 men of one of my pickets. I had a good position for repelling if they had dared to attack, but they did not appear in force. General Milroy says the scout Slayton is near Camp Alleghany, and had better be sent for. TiOBT. C. SCHENCK, Brigadier- General. RALEIGH COURT-HOUSE May 9, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General: Dispatch of yesterday received. Have ordered Colonel Scammon to hold the best position in vicinity of Princeton he can find, keeping only an advance guard at Giles Court-House, unless that point will be easiest held and hardest to turn; in latter case to concentrate there, leaving detachment at Princeton. The Twelfth Ohio left here this morning to join him. I have ordered up Colonel Moors brigade of three regiments and a battery from Camden. When they reach me I will march to within a days easy march of Princeton, leaving detachments at quar Page 158 158 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. term asters posts on the road. I would not have permitted any advance beyond Princeton till I could bring up more troops, but the opportunity of getting the Narrows of New River seemed too favorable to lose. As soon as Colonel Crook gets back from his present exl)e(lition I intend to move on Lewisburg, unless the commanding general directs otherwise. From Camden Court-House to Princeton is 70 miles, so that it wilt take several days to make the concentration on this line. Please inform me where General Milroy is and where General Banks command is. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. RALEIGH COURT-HOUSE, May 9, 186212 midnight. Col. ALBERT TRAcY: Dispatch of to-day came after I had forwarded Scammon his orders, and too late to go to-day. I think the opportunity may be the best we shall have to do the thing indicated; the chances are in our favor, and I believe I can hurry forward support which will enable us to hold our position at Pearisburg. Criminals were executed at Chester at 12.30 to-day. Colonel Crook thinks the bushwhackers have generally scattered for their homes. He found none near Addison. Have not yet heard from my detachment in Calhoun. J. P. COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 9, 1862. Brigadier.General Cox, Raleigh Court-House: Order your advance to proceed no farther for the l)resent, but devote all your energies to bringing up your main body, even under temporary hardships for want of supplies, so that you may concentrate at once your whole (lisposable force. General Milroys advance was yester(lay attacked by the combined forces of Johnson and Jackson. The affair still in progress. General Scheuck pushing to his support. J. C. FR1~MONT, irajor~ General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 9, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Raleigh Court-House: Cipher dispatch of to-day received. Direct Colonel Scammori to con- centrate his brigade at Pearisburg, and to defer execution of New River Bridge project until this is done. Your forces meanwhile coining up, you can better support him; then carry out project without loss of an hours time. Scheuck and Milroy attacked yesterday by Jacksons, Johnsons, an Page 159 CuAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 159 Ewells combined forces at McDowell. A Shari) action this morning. (Jar forces ordered to retire on me. Blenkers division coming up. Geii- eral Shields division ordered to General McDowell. Bauks retiring npon Strasburg. This all results from Yorktown evacuation. You must be vigilant and prompt. J. C. FRfMONT, Major- General, Comm an ding. HE NDQUARTERS PROVISIONAL BRI GAFJE, May 9, 18629 l~ m. Capt. G. M. BAscoii, Assistant Adjutant- General, Raleigh: Three dispatches of 8th and 9th received at 8.45 this evening. We march at 7 to-morrow morning. Will do my best. If there be any considerable force in front will fight them. i~eports from hayes to- day express some apprehensions, bnt we will try them miless they multiply very fast., i. e., we will try at all hazards. 1 think it may be true that great efforts are being made to oppose us, 1)ut perhaps the force is exa~gerated. I ordered Gilmores cavalry to go to Camp Piatt, as directed. Lieutenant-Colonel Hayes detained them temporarily on acconnt of urgent necessity. I have repeated the order. I have orders here for the Twelfth Regiment to follow us without delay to Giles Court-House, leaving one company at this l)lace. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Corn m anding Brigade. SUMMERYILLE, W VA., May 9, 1862. Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Asst Adjt. Gem, U. S. Army, Raleigh Court-House: CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of an ex- pedition to the mouth of Birch River and Webster County: Having learned that some 300 of the Moccasin Rangers had gone from the vicinity of Lewisburg to Webster County, aiid that some 200 of these had gone down Birch River for the purpose of attacking Sut- ton or making a foray into Clay or neighboring counties, I left this post on the morning of the 4th instant with five companies of this regi- ment for Birch River, taking the two Sutton prisoners with us. Previ- ous to my leaving this post, however, I dispatched two companies to a crossing on Gauley River, near Addison, and another company on the Coal Knob road, thereby entirely cutting off their retreat. I camped first night on Birch River; learned there from Sutton that these 200 mcii had gone in the direction of Arnoldsburg, Calhoun County, and that the troops from Sutton and Arnoldsbnrg were after them and ex- l)ected to I)revent their farther advance, and wished my co-opei-ation. So on the morning of the 5th I started with four companies to the mouth of Birch, sending Major Andrews and one company to Sutton with the prisoners. I learned on my arrival at the mouth of Birch that the troops from Arnoldsburg had taken one road and the rebels another, passing each other, the rebels getting between them and Arnoldsburg Page 160 160 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. Finding that I could do nothing here I vrocevded to Webster County after those who remained there. I could only had three of these men, who were too sick to be remove(I. My opiniou is that the rest had scattere(l in the mountains and that as soon as our troops get out of that county they will disband and go to their homes and remain quiet. It is my opinion that the whole 1)art.y intends disbanding and going to their homes. I will forward you the reports of the two detachments now out as soon as they return. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE CROOK, Colonel, Comdg. Thirty-sixth Reyt. Ohio Volunteer infantry. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 10, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have thrown three more regiments across the river. have ordered iDurycas brigade to relieve Hartsuff and the latter to join me here leaving a battery and a regiment of cavalry with Duryea at Catletts. I have nothing new to-day from the front. Guerrilla parties have shown themselves on this side of the river above in small paities of 10 to 20. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISION, New Market, Va., May 10, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I start to-morrow morning. My orders to remain until General Banks was in position at Strasbnrg or vicinity have (lelaye(I inc thus long. Unless otherwise ordered we shah go to Front Royal, to get forage by railroad, and thence by Chester Gap to Warrenton. I will telegraph General McDowell accordingly. In my opinion there is no force between here and Gordonsville to resist my command. All demonstrations east of us were to cover the retreat of the main body by Petersburg. All on this side of the mountain cover Jacksons, Ed- ward Johnsons, and Ewells retreat by Lynchburg. This is why I asked to go to Culpeper. A force that could move to Gordonsville and thence to Charlottesville could cut oft the retreat of Jackson, Johnson, and Ewell. They are not here to fight, but to retard ns and effect their retreat by Charlottesville. I cannot learn from General McDowell whether the bridge across the iRappahannock is nearly finished. My delay here is not my fault. Most sincerely and respectfully, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISloN, Near New Market, May 10, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Fai?fax, Department of the Rappahannoek: GENERAL: We take up our line of march to-morrow morning Page 161 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 161 oclock a. in., unless otherwise directed. Our route will be from here to Luray, thence to Front Royal, where we hope to get a supply of forage by railroad cars thence by Chester Gap to Warrenton. I learn that the railroad transportation will not suffice, so I go by turnpike. We will need forage and, say, two days rations at Warrenton; 1,000 horseshoes and nails, if J)OS5iblC. In my dispatch of yesterday I gave the number of horses2,500. We will pick up what forage we can, but there is little on the route. The forces of the enemy in this valley are all preparing, in my opinion, to retreat to Charlottesville. If I could be supj)orted ai~d sup- plied at Culpeper Court-House and move by Gordonsville to Charlottes- ville I might destroy the road and cut off their retreat. All their bag- gage is there now. With sentiments of respect, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- Gen oral, Corn in anding Di rision. CATLETTS, May 10, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: A reconnaissance sent to intersect Rappahannock half way between railroad bridge and rix-er has returned. Struck river at Ellis Mill, 10 miles from Elk Run, and followed down to Spottsville. Found a. ford near Mrs. Marshalls, where rebel cavalry crossed on 8th itistalit and captured 6 12e(lCl-al i)risoners. Not known where they were from nor what doing. Very few white men at home, and women all sccessioinsts; some of them bitterly so. Treated 501(liel-s very col(lly. Roads below Elk Run good, and some planting going on. Respectfully, - GEO. L. IIARTSUFF. Jh-igadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Near I?cetortown, Va., May 10, 1862. Hon. E. 21. STANTON: I have the honor to report that yesterday I explored the I3lnc Mount- ain in all its recesses from Paris to i\Janassas Gap, and found the secret ren(lezvous of guerrilla cavalry, but evacuated within the last two days. I now have these bodies south of the Manassas Gap, having continually pressed them while in the neighborhood of the railroad. I will continue these researches until I drive them from all their fiistnesses, and in the mountains between Front Royal and the Rappahannock. Their imum- bers are not large, and their force partakes of the nature of bandits. The road is in good running order, and nothing has occuri-ed to disturb the peace of the locality. Very respectfully, JNO. W. GEARY, Colonel Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Near Reetortown, May 10, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I would respectfully call your attention to the fact that my command it R RYOL XII, PT LI Page 162 1162 OPERATIONS IN N VA., W. VA., ANI) MD. [CHAP. XXIV. is now guarding 80 miles of this roa(l, ~)erforIning (luties So arduous that the health of the mcli is threatene(l. I would ask that, in Consider- ation of the Tweiity-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers having guarded 26 miles of the 1~otomac for seven months nuder trying cucum- stances and borne in confidence of more active duties in the field upon the company assuming its l)resellt form, we may be l)erniitted to throw ourselves upon your kindness and be relieved from this class of duty, of which we have had a goodly share. The command is excellently drilled. and tricol and are well caparisoned to do active service in the field, to which they look forward with all confidence that a consideration of their performance of arduous duties have been taken cognizance of. Any order or effort on your part, general, to relieve the l)1esent posi- tion of the command wilL be greatly prized by all my officers and men as well as myself. \Tery respectfully, & c., JNO. W. GEAIIY, Colonel Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. NEW MARKET, May 10, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Shields defers his march to Monday, and desires me to re- main. Unless otherwise directed, I will delay the march of my com- mand until Sunday (to-morrow) evening. I have been ready to march at an hours notice since my orders were received. General Shields de- sired that we should move together if possible. I will reach Strasburg Tuesday morning, or immediately if required. N. P. BANKS 111 ajor- General, Commanding. NEW MARKET, May 10, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: No iml)ortant change in affairs. Ewell is still this side of the Blue Ridge, apparently tending southward. One brigade is reported by de- serters who left his camp yesterday to have fallen back to the Ihapidan near Gordonsville. Jackson is believed to be near Staunton by our scouts and the country people. A reconnaissance in force was made to-day to the town (llarrisonburg), of which no report is yet received. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. FRANKLIN, May 10, 18622 1). in. (Received 3.40 p. in.) Col. ALBERT TRACY: Am here where the wire was broken, determining who of the iieigh- borhood shall be held responsible. Arrived this morning, and am in camp with both brigades ~ miles south of Franklin, leaving our thriner ground at the village for Blenkers division as it shall arrive Page 163 ChAP. XXIV.l CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 163 The sharp fight on tile hills at McDowell I)rcvdnted Jackson from 1)lIrsllilIg in force. My cavalry had a slight skirmish with a few of his last night. Nothing hurt, excel)t two rebel horses killed. Will tele- graph frequently as soon as conununication is restored. 1 apprehelld that Jackson and Johnson may go westward to hunters- yule and l)erhapS may center, if they can get transportation and Ibrage, which will be very difficult for them, towar(l Philippi or in that direc- tion, and then we might return and get in his rear and cut him off or shut hum in. ROBT. C. SCIIENCK, Brigadier- General. No. 3.] FRM~KLIN, May 10, 1862. (Received 5.30 p. in.) Col. ALBERT TRACY: Lieutenant-Colonel Downey arrived to-day. I suppose we shall have rio other help, but must depend on ourselves and defend as we can. We may find that less dangerous than to attempt falling back. We cannot move encumbered with so many wounded and our quantities of baggage. I~o scouts of yours have reported to me here. ROBT. C. SCHENOK, Brigadier-General. CAMP MILROY, Franklin, May 10, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, (Received 10.45 ~. in.) A8sistant Adjutant- General: I have certain information that the rebels have a strong picket ad- vanced to within 9 miles of my camp on the road from Monterey, and near the place where we encamped last night. More than 100 infantry were seen there by a reliable scouting i)arty at noon to-day, and there might be, they said, many more. Three of General Milroys best scouts, who were sent in the direction of Staunton last Monday, have just re- turned. They ascertained that Jacksons and Johnsons united forces amounted to 14,000, and were being re-enforced three (lays ago by troops arriving in trains at Staunton; they know of three long trains full. We have some aph)rehensions that an attempt may be made to send a force around between you an(l us. It will be best, I think, if you can get forward your additional force and Blenliers (hivision as fast as l)ossible. ROLT. C. SCIIENCK, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 10, 1862. Brigadier-General SCHENCI~, Franklin Do you still think Jacksons forces are Ol)pOSed to yon l Secretary of War says that General McDowell reports Jackson to be in his front. What is the latest information in regar(I to the enemy? ALBERT TRACY, Golonel3 and Assistant Adjutant General Page 164 [CHAP. XXIV. 164 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. CAMP MILROY, May 10, 186211.40 p. m. Col. ALBERT TRACY: Have just received your dispatch of to-day. I have sent you already this evening my latest information. General McDowell must be mis- taken. Finding that neither of his generals commanding nor any part of Blenkers division arrived to-day, as it wa~ expecte(l they would, we are somewhat anxious about a road leading from Staunton to Franklin. When may I expect re-enforceinents of any kind l It is important that this should be answered. In the fight at McDowell Friday evening a prominent rebel officer on horseback was killed, probably a general, and we have some reason to believe it was Johnson. IIOBT. C. SCIIENCK, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 10, 18621 a. m. Brigadier-General Cox, Raleigh Court-House: Your dispatch received. Under the circums Lances you mention let Colonel Scammon execute without delay the orders sent on the 8th. FRI2MONT. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FiELD, Petersburg, May 10, 1862. Brig. Gen. JACOB D. Cox, Charleston: GENERAL: Inclosed herewith you will find a copy of a written order, which, to save time, I have transmitted direct to Colonel Lightburn at Charleston. You will direct him to carly it into effect, and at the same time give such other and more sl)ecific instructions as your greater familiarity with the district will enable yo~i to frame. The Month of Coal and I3arboursville are suggested as better posi- tions even for temporary occupation than Winfield. By order of Major-General Fr6mont: ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. [Inelosure.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY I~ THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 10, 1862. Col. J. A. J. LIGHTEURN, Commanding at Charleston: COLONEL: Governor Peirpoint has received intelligence, which he considers reliable, that the Jenkins Cavalry are on the headwaters of the Guyandotte and the rivers that interlock therewith, and that guer- rilla parties are forming within 50 miles of the Ohio River, who have already shot and killed peaceable citizens in Wayne and other border counties. He states that the inhabitants of Point Pleasant, Gallipolis, Ironton, and other border towns are imi great fear of the long-threatened vengeance of Jenkins and Clarkson, and are moving away in consid- erable numbers Page 165 CRAP. XXIV.] COJZRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 165 Every precaution should be taken to prevent any repetition of the Guyandotte massacre, and to quiet the apprehensions of the .loyal in- habitants of that section. To this end every effort should be made by frequent and sudden attacks, by rapid marches without transportation, by surprises and severity, to destroy all bands forming and organized in your district, and by terrifying these marauders finally to uproot the whole system. All details must from the nature of the case be left to your own judg- ment and discretions but you are generally instructed to exert all your activity, energy, and skill to the accomplishment of this end. Similar instructions have been sent to Colonel Cranor, commanding at Piketon, Ky., with whom you will co-operate. By order of Major-General Fr6mont: ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. hEADQUARTERS Awwv IN THE FIELD Petersburg, May 10, 18622 p. in. Col. J. A. J. LIG-HTBuRN, Commanding at Charleston Jenkins cavalry said to be oii the headwaters of the Guyandotte; *ther guerrilla parties forming within 50 miles of the Ohio River, with the design of attacking Point Pleasant, Gal lipolis, and other border towns. Use every effort by rapid marches and sudden surprises to ex- tirpate these marauders. Letter sent to-day. Captain Youngs com- pany has been mustere(l in by Major Weed. Should they want arms, Enfield rifles now at New Creek will be furnished them upon requisi- tion. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. CAMP PIATT, May 10, 1862. Col. J. A. J. LIGHTEURN, Colonel, Com?nan ding Post, Charleston, Va. Sin: I was sent on detached service from Parkersburg by Colonel Loeser, Eighth Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, to bring in the (letachment commanded by First Lient. F. Newman wl io had re- been I)ortetl killed, aH(1 when I arrive(l at Charleston I reported myself to General J. 1). Cox, and started from Camp Piatt with an escort of 4 cav- alry for Wyoming. When I arm-ived there I was informed by Mr. William B. Cook that Lieutenant Newman had been killed oii the afternoon of Friday, 11th of April, on Indian Creek, by a party of bushwhackers, 5 in number, under the lead of a man named George Morgan, who lives on Indian Creek. Lieutenant Newman, at the time of his (leath, was 6 miles in advance of his men, and in company with William Hen(lerson, formerly colonel of militia of Wyoming County. At the tinie of his being fired at by the rel)els he had discovered them and called on them to deliver up their arms, which they refused to (10, and fired on him and Mr. Henderson. It is thought that Morgan himself shot Lieutenant N~wmnan, the bal Page 166 [CHAP. XXIV~ 166 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. striking him in the right eyebrow and killing him almost instantly. At the same time Henderson was shot in the right shoulder near the joint, inflicting a dangerous and very severe wound. After the death of Lieutenant lewman the rebels took his sword, revolver, watch, coat, Cal)! and what mouey lie had on his l)erson, also his horse and the de- scriptive list of his detachment, his instructions, and turned his pockets inside out. I passed through the town of Wyoming and stopped at the house of Mr. Isaac Cook, 2 miles beyond the Court-House, for 5UpPer and to rest for the night, sending the cavalry a short distance below, where the horses could have forage. My party now consisted of 9, including my- self, I having found 3 of the l)rivates of the detachment, having in charge a l)risoner taken from l)ick Straton. About 11 oclock at night a son of Mr. Jacob Cook had made his es- cape from a party of rebel cavalry, consisting of two companies, under command of Heradon. We immediately started for Huffs Creek, hay- ing hear(l that part of our men were on that creek, under command of First Seigt. James B. Ballard, a iid had t \VO engagements with Stra- tons (aVal1~V and Morgans bush wimackers. I got within 2 miles ol the nioutlin ot time ~Teek amid lound a portion (4 our men, together with some Uinioinm inemm. I t here learimil that Sergeant il3allard ali(l S ot the }inmivates~ with 17 Union men, had pursued Stra - ton 3 miles below the Buffalo Creek and 6 mit iles below where I then was. I went on to the Mouth of Buffalo and received a dispatch signed J. ~1.,tellii~g me that Straton was being re-enforced by Morgan and Barney Carter. I expected to be l)ursLie(l by ilerudon, and sent a messenger, Miss Lottie Browning, to Sergeant Ballard, directing him to the Mouth of Buffalo at once, Buffalo Creek being an open pass~vay to the Pond Fork of Little Coal River. Next morning Sergeant Ballard united with me. The messenger did not convey a very intelligible message, and lie felt some apprehension that we were rebel cavalry, and had got the clothing of some of our soldiers yet in the neighborhood of Wyoming Court-House. The coun- try was in great alarm, and the rebels committed a number of outrages, killing a young man named Cyrus Elkins and arresting Union men and in stealing horses and cattle. An expedition had started from Camp Piatt via Logan to unite with me at the Mouth of Buffalo, together with the Union men of Wyoming County and the surrounding country, but failed to unite with us. I immediately sent a messenger to Colonel Gilbert for a re-enforcement, and did not receive aiiy. I then sent to Colonel Scamnmon at Raleigh for assistance, and did not get it. My men were scattered, 19 of them being on Rockeastle Creek, Wyoming County, and beyond the Court- House, and I had no way to reach them. 1 sent a messenger to them, directing them to come to Browustown, where I would wait for them. I remail)e(l four days on Bnfthlo and four days on the Pond Fork at Jasper Workmans, and then marched to this place, and have waited for them ill) to the present time. In the two affairs with Straton our mcmi killed 2 of Stratons men and wounded 1 in the knee amid shot Stratons horse. Straton repOrte(l to Mr. ~elson Ballard, of Logan, that his loss in missing was 6, and also that lie was l)enned ul) and was willing to surremider. in the two engagements of the 23d of April we did not have a man woun(led, amid but one ball passed through the clothimig of one l~rix~ite. In a little affair that took I)lace the day of the election at the Mont Page 167 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 167 of Huff our men were waylaid by a party of 1 7 of Morgans bush- whackers, and Lieutenant Newman an(l 3 privates (irove them off, one private, William C. Cook, receiving a wound in the fleshy part of his right, thigh from a rifle-ball. 1 have the honor to be, yours, respectfully, F. MATHEIlS, Lieutenant, Corn dg. Detachment Eighth Reyt. Va. I~ol. lufty. HEADQUARTERS, Peter~burg, May 10, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox: Your written dispatch of May 2 received and disposition approved. I telegraphed you early this morning to have my order of the 8th car- rie(l into eTh~ct at once, as originally directed. Governor of Virginia fears a repetition of the Guyandotte niassacre. He states that about the same force is now at Guvandotte as was there then ; that munitions of war certainly find their way southward through the Guyandotte. Val- ley ; that Jenkins amid (larksou are on the heads of C nyan(lotte, and are threatening vengeance against Ponit Pleasant, Gahlipolis, and bor- (her towns, an(l that guerrilla, bands have already killed I)eaceable citi- zens iii Wayne, Logan. and other border counties. Your forces left l)ehili(l ame sufticient fo keep the country if they are l)romnPt antl active marching i-apidly and without trallsI)ortatioll, f~dling 111)011 these bands aiid destroying them wherever found. I send letter to-day, inclosing COI)Y of written order, sent to save time, directly to Colonel Lightburn at Charleston, which you will instruct him to execute. Have also sent him by telegraph the substance of this dispatch. Orders of the same general character have been sent to Colonel Cranor at Piketon, with whom your forces should co-operate. Captain Youngs company has been mustered in by Major Weed. Should they want arms, Enfleld rifles now at New Creek will be furnished them ~l)0fl reqiiisit.ioii. ALBERT TRACY, A ssistant Adjutant- General. RALEIGH CoURT-HousE, May 10, 18629 p. m. Col. ALBERT TRACY: Dispatch ordering movements received, and order issue(l by inc ac- cor(lingly. Shall march Colonel Moors brioade also forward without tents, for I must use the regimental teams to supply food. No part of the additional transportation has arrived yet. The same cause has de- layed the completion of the telegraph line, which I am hurrying for- war(l. My orders will reach Scammon to-night. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. CAMP MIEROY, May 10, 1862. General FR1~MO~T: General Scheuck, I presume, has kept you fully advised of all mat- ters of importance that have transpired in this part of the department since lie joined me. Two of my most valuable scouts, who were over i Page 168 168 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIY. the vicinity of Staunton at the time Jacksons and Johnsons forces ad- vanced across the Shenandoah, got in this evening through many nar- row escapes. They report that they were on the North Mountain, iiear Buffalo Gal), the day of the fight at McDowell, and that after Jacksons forces had left three large traiiis arrived from the direction of ~tauntou Plied with soldiers, who disembarked, an(L the trains went back, and that from various sources they had learned that Jacksons and John- sons forces Llnite(l were about 14,000 previous to the re-enforcements. My scouts to-day rel)ort the enemys l)ickets, cavalry an(l infantry, within 12 miles of this place, which is not defensible. 11. II. MJLROY, Brigadier- General. NEW CREEK, VA., May 10, 186212.15 p. m. Eon. E. M. STANTON: Ilear of our column left Burlingtoii shortly after 3 this a. in. for Pe- tersburg. Will arrive there this evening or early to-morrow. Here, at General Fr6monts request, to forward, by my presence and autlior- ity, with all vigor, needful supplies, while making such statements of the affairs of the division as may be useful to him and to the service. Shall go down to Petersburg, if necessary or (lesired, before I return to Washington. Y~\T 5~ IIOSECIIANS Brigadier- General, U. ~. Army. NEW CREEK, May 10, 1862. (Received 10.20 a. in.) Major-General FR1~MONT: Your dispatches of last evenin~~ overtook me at Burlington. The rear of the column left this morning at 4; I rode over here. Your written dispatch also received. Was convinced that it was a mistake, arising front pressure of affluirs. Will do all in my power to iorwar(l everything and regulate whatever you (lesire. Send temporary au- thority. If you wish, will come soon to Petersburg. Use Blenker; lie is the soldier, aiid is honest, brave, and has the spirit of time profession. He nee(ls only good direction amid good chief quartermaster. W. S. IIOSECRANS, Brigadier- General. MOUNTAIN DEPT., HDQRS. ARMY IN TIlE FIELD, J~etersburg, Va., May 10, 1862. - Brigadier-General ROSECRANS, New Creek, l~a.: Dispatch received. Orders having been given from timese lmetl(l(luar- ters to tIme several chiefs of (lel)artments of suI)ply requiring their most earnest and active attentiomi to business in Imammd, aimd the (hivision of General Blenker being now well omi the way and beginning to arrive, the general conimauding is able to relieve you from exercise of the special sul)ervision requeste(l in former dispatch. By order of Major-General Frdm out: ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General Page 169 CnAI. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 169 A bstract from Return of the Mountain Department, MaJ. Gen. John C. Fremont command- ing, for May 10, 1862. Present for I I (IlItN I Command. __ no 5 ii 0~ ~ ~ Department staff 31 31 31 District of the lianawlia (Coxi 348 8, 001 10, 076 11, 887 I)istrict of Chest. Monntnin (Milroy) 162 3, 532 4, 317 5, 809 Railroad District (Kelley) 2, 202 2, 417 2, 573 Scheneks bricade 2, 242 2, 668 3,150 l3lenkers division 277 7, 900 8,797 10, 443 Total 1,114 23,937 ad,306 33,893 WAR I)EPARTMENT, May 11, 1862. Mdj. (.xell. I. MCDOWELL, Fredericksburg: Your telegram iii i-elation to guerrillas received. Like pirates and buccaneers they are the common enemies of mankind, and should be hunted and shot without challenge wherever found. Such treatment would soon put a stop to the formation of guerrilla bands and to the assassinatiou of sentinels and other barbarities practiced by those who engage in irregular warfare. P. II. WATSON. Assistant Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 11, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Secretary of War not yet returned from Norfolk. Is not strength of enemys forces in your front more imaginary than real? Would they not, on a spirited demonstration by you, retreat percipitately and de- stroy the Mattapony and Pamunkey Bridges? Conld not Gordousville and Charlottesville be easily reached by a sudden dash of llartsuffs forces in concert with yours, and the railroad bridges either held or broken so that they could not be used by the enemy either retreating or advancing. Your chance for independent action appears to be drawing rapidly to a close. These inquiries, friendly and unofficial, you need not answer. P. II. WATSON. IIDQRs. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAIIANNoCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 11, 1862. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: Thank you for your friendly telegram of this morning just received. The reason I do not advance is Ilot the strength of the enemy. I know pretty Ilearly what it amounts to Page 170 170 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XX1V~ You do not seem to be aware of the following order of the Secretary~ under which I am still acting, and which is as follows: The President. desires that you should not throw your force across the Ifappahan- nock at present, hut that you should get your bridges and transportation all nearly ready and wait further orders. I sent General Van Rensselaer to represent the condition of things here an(l to ask permission to occupy the towir so as to at least guard stores and protect Union men. I received the following: The Secretary of War has given inc authority to Irederieksbuirg with such force as iii your inform you that you cami occupy Ju(lgulcflt mmma.~~ be necessary to hold it for (lefensive pi~ipOse5, 1i11t hot to make a fbrward mnovemmient. When on a visit here the Secretary said that as soon as my forces should arrive the President would give me leave to go forward. I have been doing all I could to get them for~vavd, feeling fully the force of all you have said. I have obstacles, which you will appreciate, in get- ting a channel of supj)Iy, to wit, the rebuilding of bug arid high rail- roa(l bridges and relaying the road. I have only means for supplying my force at this point even from day to day. I am trying to improve this all I caum. This is not brilliant I know, but it is all that I can do as things now are. I could now go against the enemy, and he will do as you say, re- treat, and when he has retreated I would have to do the same in order to feed my soldiers. You gentlemen (10 not seem to appreciate the question of supplies and the difficulties in getting them forward. I see McClellan reports him- self in advance of his supplies, and my enthusiastic general of division, Shields, is in the same trouble. In order not to wait for the railroad I have sent to Meigs for 15& wagons, so that when the railroad is done to this place, ~vhich will be Wednesday, I will be able to do something even with what I have, if I have the permission to try. Pardon this long explanation, but I am anxious you should continue to think well of me. Colonel MeCallum does not take very good care of us. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE lIAPPAHANNOCK, Colonel GEARY, Rectortowa: Fredericksburg, May 11, 1862. Your dispatch to General McDowell of 10th instant is just received, and I am directed to inform you that he has l)laced the whole sui~ject of the guarding of the railroad from Alexandria to White Plains lln(ler the direction of General Wadsworth, military governor at Washington, who has been requested to take into consideration your request, the same having been communicated to him. El). SCITIRIVER, Chief oJ Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IIAPPAIJANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 11, 1862. General RUFUS KING, Commanding Diusm on: The major-general commanding directs that you impress again (it was supposed it had been already sufficiently done) upon the brigade corn Page 171 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UMON. 171 mander in Fredericksburg that the object of our troops therc is not an offensive one. A collision is to be avoided, if possible. Accordingly~ all the cavalry, excel)t what may be require(l for vedettes, will be with- drawn this evening, afl(l the infantry will be posted as near town as pos- sible, so that they may have the protection of the batteries on this side. XTery respectfully, & c., ED. SCIIRIVER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. PETERSBURG, VA.. May 11, 18621.30 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Scheuck reports from 2 miles south of Franklin certain in- formation that the rebels have a strong picket advanced to within 9 miles of this camp, on the road from Monterey, and near the place where lie encaml)ed last night. Three of General Milroys best scouts sent in di- rection of Staunton have just returned. They ascertained that Jack- sons and Johnsons forces amounted to 14,000, and were being re-en- forced three days ago by troops arriving in trains at Staunton. They know of three long trains full. In the fight at McDowell Friday enemy ha.d a prominent rebel officer killed, probably a general, and there is some reason to believe it is Johnston [E. Johnson]. ~. ~. FR~~ONT, Major- General. (Same to Banks.) HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 11, 1862. Brigadier-General KELLEY, Parkersburg, Va.: Milroy and Scheuck report to-day from Franklin that enemy are throwing strong force down by Alleghany, Cheat Mountain, and Bev- erly, and may get as far as Grafton. Concentrate all the force you can spare at Grafton. Harris ordered to concentrate at Buckha~non. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 11, 18621 a. m. Brigadier-General SCHENOK, Pranklin: Re-enforcements have nearly come up, but want rest. You may ex- pect us to join you by forced marches within the next two days, or three at furthest. Meanwhile keep your scouts and spies busily engaged to prevent any attack by superior numbers in your present position. Re port frequently. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General Page 172 172 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. CAMP MILROY, May 11, 1862. Colonel TRACY, Assistant Adjutant-General: Finding the arrival of re-enforcements so uncertain, lain moving my whole force to-day to the hill at the town of Franklin, 2 miles. 1{OBT. C. SCHENOK, - Brigadier- General. FRANKLIN, May 11, 1862. (Received 1 p. in.) General FR1~MONT: In consequence of the non-arrival of your forces, as expected, and of our indefensible position, 1 mile above here, our t~vo brigades are moving into town to take l)Osition around it. CQlonel Downey is also arriving. The enemys scouts are around us, and occasionally fire into our pickets. We are getting a strong position here, and will hold it until further orders. I am induced to believe, from reports of scouts and refugees, that the enemy are throwing a strong force rapidly down by Alle- ghany, Cheat Mountain, and Beverly, and may get as far as (3-rafton. Every interest of duty and humanity requires that the loyal citizens on that line who have taken sides with the Union, trusting in our ability to hold the country, should not be abandoned to the tury of the infernal devils who will overrun their country. There is also a large amount of nnhtary stores yet on that line which ought to be saved if possible. I would suggest that a brigade be sent up oii that line from Webster at once. I hope we will be able to take the offensive on back track soon again. It. II. MILROY, Brigadier- General. FRANKLIN. May 11, 1862. (Received 4.45 p. in.) Colonel TRACY: 1-lave fallen back from Camp Milroy, 2 miles below, to Franklin. Enemy appeared in force toward Monterey. We can hold him there, I believe. Colonel Downey came through from Moorefield safely. If the rebels are kept out of our rear we can hold our own. General Schenck will communicate directly. DONN PIATT, Assistant Adjutant- General. FRANKLIN, May 11, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY: (Received 5 P. in.) We are in the town on the hills, with a wide field to defend. Rebels followed us clown the valley, skirmishing a little with my brigade in the rear. They are now attempting to pass around over the hills to our left as we enter the town. Two regiments are now skirmishing a little with them. I expect to be attacked in force and on perhaps more than one side. ROBT. C. SCHENUK, Brigadier- General Page 173 CHAP. Xxiv.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 173 No. 4.] HEADQuARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD,. Petersburg, May 11, [1862]5.30 p. m Brigadier-General SCHENOK, Franklin: Dispatch No. 2 received. If you can fall back in safety, do so until you reach us. If not, hold the place, improving its natural defenses by abatis, barricades, and the like. Every exertion will be made to arrive in time with our entire force. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 3.] FRANKLIN, May 11, 1862. (Received 7 p. in.) Colonel TRACY: We check them as yet, but rthink they are trying a flank movement over the hill on our right. Your No. 3 is received, but as yet it seems better to hold this posi- tion than to fall back. ROBT. 0. SCHENOK, Brigadier- General. No. 4.] FRANKLIN, May 11, 1862. (Received 7 p. in.) Colonel TRACY: Come up as rapidly as possible. We will hold them back, I trust. Rely on every exertion. Firing has ceased, but I believe they are feel- ing for a way around into the turnpike. They would thus come on Milroys left flank, but I have warned him, and he will be ready for them. I hold the south side of the position; Milroy the left. March fast and you may come on the rebel rear. Have you marched ~ Give me the hour of each telegram. How soon can you get here ~ ROBT. C. SCHENCK, Brigadier- General. No. 5.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN TIlE FIELD, Peter8burg, May 11, 18628 oclock. Brigadier-General SCHENOK, Franklin: The condition of the troops on arriving here was such that we can- not leave before 3 in the morning. If, therefore, you cannot fall back with safety, defend and hold the place. You will be supported. We shall make every exertion to arrive in time. Answer, and let us know during the night how you get on. We shall have an operator with us along the road, and shall be iu constant communication with you. At what do von estimate the enemys force ~ [ALBERT TRACY,~I Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General.] No. 5.] FRANKLIN, May 11, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY: Your 5 received. No firing since dark. We do not know what the rebels are about, but will keep ready and watchful. I expect to hol Page 174 174 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. CAP. XXIV. them at bay until you come, and perhaps can do somethui~g more. Their number we cannot give, because they occupy hills and woods where they are little seen, but we suppose they consist, as at McDowell, of at least the conihined forces of Jackson and Johnson. I have what I consider reliable information that in the hot fight on that hill at McDowell they lost in killed and wounded considerably more than we, and among them were General Johnson, mortally wounded, and Colonel Jackson, killed, and the colonel of the Twelfth Georgia, killed. ROBT. C. SCHENOK, Brigadier- General. FRANKLIN, ]Jfay 11, 1862. Colonel TRACY: I have just answered as to enemyin my No. 5, about to be sent. The hills are extensive, but we understand the points of the position, and Milroy and I are co-operating fully and with close understanding. He has just left me to go and have a point s~irengthened at my desire on his side. We can do nothing with abatis or earthworks, and shall not need them. Now hear my No. 5. SCHENOK, Brigadier. General. FRANKLIN, May 11, 186210.15 p. in. ~Colonel TRACY: Do not think Ewell is with them. Prisoners taken at McDowell do not mention or know of him. We are threatened on our left flank only thus farthat is, from the west. It is my right as I defend up the river, and Milroys left, who defends looking down the roads toward enemy. Enemy wants to get between you and us apparently, but has done nothing decided yet to effect it, and I think cannot succeed. You can yet march straight up the road from Petersburg to Milroys position. You might tuun to your right on the Centreville road, immediately in front of Milroy, and come upon him. Can tell you better in the lnorninr an(l ~vill not fail to make any suggestion. Can you come in twenty-four hours I My brigade marched to McDowell, 34 miles, in twenty-four hours, and then the Eighty-second took active part in the fight up a steep mountain ridge. SCIIENCK. BUCKIIANNON, May 11, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY: I have lOt) men, under Captain Morgan, in Webster County, or(lered to scout tbe country for ten days from the 8th, in or(ler to take iii detail detachments of the guerrillas that will return to Webster County in small parties and by (lifierent routes when driven by our forces from Calhoun, Gilmer, and l3raxton. Have three good comI)anies in Brax- ton, under Captain Darnall, disposed at different points an(l scouting different neighborhoods, for the protection of that county and to cut of Page 175 ChAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 175 retreat of the forces that attacked Arnol(lSburg. My Glenville com- pany is being used for the l)rotection of G-ihner County, though out of mv (listrict, as it has been recruited in that county and is still recruit- ing, not being yet full. The company stationed here is scouting in Webster and Braxton. The Barbour company was mustered in last week with a first lieuteuaiit and is still recruiting; lacks 28 men of be- mg up to the minimum, amid, as we have no other troops in Barbour, is charged with the duty of protecting the bridge across Tygarts Valley River at Phulippi. The forces cannot be removed from their present employment with- out leaving counties named exposed to the ravages of guerrillas. It would also be impossible to concentrate them within a week. I await your orders. T. M. HARRIS, Lieutenant- Colonel, Eleventh Virginia Volunteers. HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, Va., Ilfay 11, 1862. ~Col. T. M. HARRIS, Buckhannon, Va.: Telegraphed you at Weston as follows: Three hundred guerrillas reported by General Schenek on North Fork of South Branch and Seneca Creek frightening and driving Union people. Dispatch from General Milroy at Franklin says that enemy are throwing strong force down by Alleghany, Cheat Mountain, and Beverly, and may get as far as Grafton. You must concentrate or lose your men. Concentrate at Buckhannon. General Kelley informed to this effect. Norfolk taken by General Wool and the Merrimac blown up. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General. PARKEIZSBURG, May 11, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY: I arrived here last night, and will move to-day with what force I have here (three companies) to Elizabeth and Burning Springs; thence to Spencer amid Armioldsburg. I am riot yet able to get reliable informa- tion of the number or whereabouts of the guerrillas, but believe from nil accounts there is a force, but the people are so alarmed and excited that it is impossible to get any information that is reliable. I have sent a force from Clarksburg and from Ellenborougli to Arnoldsburg, by different routes, to meet me there, hoping by this means to surround and kill or capture the guerrillas. B. ~. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. RALEIGH, May 11, 1862. (Received 3 1)- in.) Uol. ALBERT TRACY: I think our arrangements will protect the Gnyandotte Valley. Have ordered one company posted at Hurricane Bridge; three companie Page 176 176 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXI~ cavalry, under Lieutenant- Colonel Richmond, who has not yet reported for duty, at Coalsinouth. These, with the posts, aIl(1 Charleston, Camp Piatt, Chapmanville, Ganley Bridge, and this place, will make it unsafe for rebel cavalry to venture dowii Guyandotte. Have ordered under- brush burned out of woods where guerrillas have frequented. Utmost energy and activity used against them. Colonel Moors brigade reached here last night, making a march of 23 miles, and coming In in good order. They will go 10 miles toward Princeton this afternoon, ai id probably reach there to-in orrow iii oh t I would like to have Lieut. Cot. 11. B. Hayes put on examining board, vice Colonel Loeser, removed out of my comman~ Our work was not complete, and there are still incompetents to be got rid of. Telegraph will be completed to Flat Top to-day, and will move my headquarters there to-morrow. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Raleigh (Jourt-flonse, May U, 1862. Col. B. P. ScAMMON, Commanding First Brigade SIR: The Second Brigade arrived here last night after a march of 25 miles and were in bivouac last night. Half the Thirty-fourth started at sunrise this morning for Princeton. The rest of the brigade will rest part of to-day and then move forward also. Let inc know what you find in your front. The scout Simpkins, who was with Colonel 1-layes, informs me there is a way of turning Cloyds Mountain by the south. It may becomne necessary for you to look up such a ioad, and therefore I mention it. Our line is now so extended, and you are so for from your supports, that you will need to keep your troops well in hand, so as to fall back in order if you should mucet an overwhelming force. I do not anticipate this, however, and have great faith in the success of your expedition. Keel) me fully informed (laily. McClellan is pushing forward rapiAly on itichinond, and if we cut this line of communication for the rebels there will be a stampede among them or a capture of a considerable part of their Eastern Vir- ginia army. Let all the transportation you can spare come back for supplies at once. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. D. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, One mile below Narrows, ]hfay 11, 18628.10. Capt. G. Xl. BAScoiXI, Assistant Adjutant-General: On my arrival at this place I found Lieutenant-Colonel Hayes, with the Twenty-third Regiment and Gilmores cavalry, he having retreated from Pearisburg yester(lay morning. It seems that he was assailed by a greatly superior force of the enemy, and, according to orders in such an event, given before your last, lie retreated in excellent order, losing but 2 men killed and 5 or 6 wounded. The enemy are reported to hav Page 177 CIIA1~. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 177 suffered severely. They were in full view, and consisted of four bat- talious of infantry, with five pieces of artillery. McMullins two pieces of artillery are ~n the road and the four howitzers are here. The Twelfth is en route from Princeton, I suppose, as it arrived there yes- terday, and was met by orders to hasteti its march. I have just sent forward two companies of infantry, t~vo howitzers, and one company of cavalry to fi~el the enemy in front, and, if possible, I will force the passage of the Narrows. If judged improper to advance directly, I shall await the arrival of the Twelfth and endeavor to turn the enemys position, although the route is circuitous and rough. The strong reconnaissance is not intended for an attack, but it may result iii that. Lieutenant-Colonel hayes destroyed the stores captured at Pearis- burg before fhllino back. The necessity ot retreating from that point, although rel)ortc(l to be not a (letensible position, I regret, although it was simply iInl)ossil)le to throw forward re-eiiforcements to maintain it after time notice of a~)J)roaching force was receive(l. I will (lisl)atell couriers as soon as I hear from the front. Provisions should be hurried forward. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding Pir.st Provisionat Brigade. Abstract from Ret urn of BlcLkera division, Petersburg, W. Pa., for May 11, 1862. Present for ~ dnty. ~. ~, a. Command. S. a a . S. o ~ as a as o ~ I)ivisien staff 6 6 6 First (Stahels) Brigade 133 2,738 2,980 3,264 Second (Steinwrhrs) Brigade 119 2,441 2, 605 3, 128 Third (Bohleiis) Brigade 93 2, 001 2, 265 2, 879 Niiirtlt ~ew York Cavalry 2:3 315 369 627 Artillery (eighteen pieces) 12 360 411 429 Total 386 7, 885 8, 636 10, 333 POTO1~IAc CREEK, May 12, 1862. Mimi. Gen. IRVIN MCDOWELL: SIR: I res~)ectfully beg leave to submit time following notes and sug- gestiolis, in the hope and belief that they will aid you ill securing a ~)eifli ilnent all(l efficient organization for time constructiou or recon- striletion of such bridges as the advance of your division umay render necessa I-v. I (lesire to give you the full benefit of my experience in time construe- lioll of the bridge at Potomac Creek, assulning that trestles are to be tlse(l, and that they are to be constructed in tile shortest time possible, to be afterward replaced by permanent structures if required. I assume also that the bridges are to be built of round sticks, cut 12 R RVOL XIII PT II Page 178 178 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ICHAP. XXiV. from the woods, and will give from my memoranda the number, organ- ization, and duties of squads, and the tools, implements, and trans- portation requisite. All of which is very respectfully submitted. II. HAUPT. Suggestions for an organization proper for the construction of a bridge such as that at Potomac Greek, the bents, or trestles, bcing in three stories. ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OF SQUADS. Squad No. 1.On top of bridge, to move out sliding beams and put on ties, requires.. - Squad No. 2.To attend to top of second trestle and bottom of third Squad No. 3.To put bents together, put lower legs in sills and heels of second bents in place, requires in all Squad No. 4.To attend to frawing and carrying timber on bank S(Juad No. 5.To frame round timber and put sills on crib~. . - ... . . Squa(t No. 6.To run in timber at grade and haul on ropes Squad No. 7.To put timber down bank and haul on ropes. - . . On the south side all these will be duplicated except squad No. 5. (And the number of squads should be eontinue(l, which will extend the nuam. l)cr to 13.) Squad No. 14.For cutting timber in woods, 20 men with axes Squad No. 15.For loading trucks with logs Squad No. 16.To assist in clearing roads and loading logs in woods . Squad No. 17.Drivers of ox-teams - Men. 6 C- 8 7 30 12 12 50 20 20 12 10 Total force at work 192 If relieved at noon, and 1O~ men allowed for guards, sick, and for sen- trymen, tile proper allowance would be 500 men; but the work can be done with a much smaller number if effiAeut aud well organized. TRANSPORTATION. If the bridge is to be built entirely of round logs, hauled, say, one-half mile in woods and transported on railroad 1 mile at each end of bridge, 20 yoke of oxen, one pair of mules, and oiie car would be required at each end, to vary according to circumstances. One pair of mules extra should be provided, with wagon an(l (Iriver. Total yoke of oxen, 40, with two experienced herdsmen. 1~airs of mules, 3. TOOLS AND IMPLEMENTS. Axes, 50; shovels, 20; broad-axes, 20; picks, 12; liandsaws, 25; cross- cut saws, 20. iRopes, four, of 500 feet each, 1 ~- iuch diameter, 8-inch ])lllleys; four small tackles, 4-inch l)ulleys, 1-inch rope; eight ~)lll1eys, 8 inches diameter, 1~-inch face; two pairs trussed beams for hoisting; 24 iron bars, from 2~ to 4 feet long; 50 kegs boat spikes, ~- by ~ by 7 inches; 10 kegs nails, 8-penny and 10-penny; 18 spike mauls; 20 chains, 6 feet long, hook and ring, made of i--inch-diameter round iron; 40 ox chains; truss rods for sliding beams; 20 log chains; 1 barrel of oil; 10 timber wheels; 6 wooden mauls; 2 dozen files for saws; 24 bolts, 10 to 11 inch, i-inch round iron, 24 inches long. Each officer in charge of a squad should keep time and be responsi. ble for tools Page 179 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDJ~NCE, ETC.UNION. 179 Each tool shouhi be numbered an(1 a record made of the number of the tool furnished to each individual. Bugle should be blown by direction of the officer of the day at hours for assembling squads to full ii) afl(l march promptly to place of ren- dezvous. Officer of the di~ x~ill call out immne of officer in colnman(l of sqHa(I No. 1, who w ill ordei his men to step forward. Ofticer of the day will see it detail n~ full it not, who is absent. Squad will then Thee about aml march to then w omk. Squad No. 2 will then l)e called out in same manner, until dl hive been di5f~Ose(i of The officer (4 tIme d ty will go around constantly to see if mcii are ])LCsent and attending to (luty. If he has reason to l)elieve that any of the macn have (les( rtcd any squad, he will assemble the squa(l, call the roll, and note (leserters, who will be punished iii such manner as may be ])1escrlbed. All who are late, who do not perforiii (hity pro~)erly, or who quit before the sound of the bugle should in like manner be ieJ )0ited. e deta chinent for coimstructioii should be ~vell oflicere(l with efficient sq ii: i.l -iii asters. rihle pay 8110111(1 be by the hour, to be (himillishe(l or withheld at the option of the officer iii comaiiiand for neglect of (luty. Tue squad-master should ret nrn the number of hours made by each man as imiechaimic or laborer to the officer of the (lay, aIl(I the officer of the (lay should return the whole to the book-keeper, to be entered in a si lit ab c book l)iel)are(l for that pLILl)05e. The col umuns should extcn(l entirely across both pages, and be headed as follows Names ot men tlmimty-omie columns for days of the mouth, in which to enter the hours work of each day; total hours; price per l]onr; total amount; renmarks The tool book should contain a record of the names of men thu serih)tiolL of tool furnished time di te de- when furnishe(l, aimd the number oil the tool. Each squad-umaster should be furnished with a small menmoramida book with the descript.ioim and miniuber of the tool furiiishicd to each nicmnber ol his sqlla(l, ami(l the squad-umaster should repoit to the officer of the dax- whmcthci time Pzols have all been returned in goo(l condition if miot, why not. I iaiividuals who lose or wamitouly ii~jimie tools should be required to suluni t to a re(luctioll of extia pay umitil they arc paid foi. A separate tool-box should be 1)rovi(le(l foi the tools of each squad, umnmnbered with the Ilulliber of thle sqIla(l, and tIme key kept by tile squad-master. A secoud key should be iii the possession of the pemsoii having geim eral chlalge of tools. ahe keys for no two boxes should be alike, and they should be mlumnl)cred to correspomid with the boxes, amid the boxes placed miimtlci charge ot the sentry. TI ic coin Illissary an(l ~~aymnas tev~ (lepartiucilt should be properly or- gil ilize(1, so that imo delay cami possibly occum for wamit ot ratiomis. Suitable cookimig utensils should be provided, amid the mcmi detailed foi (luty at (laylight should not be icquired to cook their own bieakfumst before going out. Breakfast should be I)iel)alc(l foi them either by col- O1e(l cooks or by a. (letail for that l)ii1l)ose of macn umot required for othici (huity. If l)crnl1iilemlt cooks cami be employed an(l the men mess iii comnInoll it would be a great imuproveumemit. Those who work all day in the woo(ls in lumbering should take (hiuiuiers with them, and feed should always be takemi for the oxen. Much time is lost in driving them a distamice to feed. If the force is designed to operate at points with ~vhich there is no Page 180 180 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. continuous railroad communication transportatioii of tools by wagons will be required. This organization is designed only for bri(lgeS. To reconstruct roads a separate or additional organization ~vill be require(l; 500 efficient men, exclusive of guar(ls, would probably be sufficient for all pllrl)oseS. The or~aiiizatioii will of course vary in the (litlerent stages, and must be adapted to the changing conditions as the work progresses. NEXY MARKET, May 12, 18627 a. in. Hon. F. M. STANTON: Our column moved this morningmy division for Strasburg, Gen- eral Shields for Cailetts Station. The enemy is still in position. Jackson and Johnson niiited near Staniitoit. E well on O-ordonsville road. Three late deserters from American Army were takeim I)risouers yesterd ayCipri ni, Beaumont, an d Vesquair. They report rumors in rebel C~Ifll) of contemplated attack on Washinoton and instructions to Beauregard by Davis to attempt recapture of New Orleans. Supplies of army mntLeli reduce(l since fall of New Orleans. They say rebels will make stand at Hanover Station if they fidi back from Fredericks- burg. N. P. BANKS, Major- (ilcucral, Comrnandi;mji. WOODSTOCK, VA., May 12, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Aecretary of War: My command reached this plac(~ at mioomm ,aitd will be at Strasburg to-morrow morning. Our rear guard reports that .Iackson with his force no~v occupies Jlarrisonburg. The l)risommer5 referred to in my (lis- 1)~itclL to-day will be sent to Washington to-niorrow. No new occur rence of importance. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, (Jomrnandim~g. WOODSTOcK, May 12, 1862. General JOHN C. FREMONT: Your dispatch received.* My commnan(l reaclle(l this point at imoon, and it, nndei- orders, will be at Strasburg to-morrow. Jackson with his force is at llarrisonburg; F well this side of Blue Itidge, as before. Nothing of iInl)ortamlce to rel)ort excel)t our inoveinelits, which is great grief to us. Your cil)her, being hastily written, is sometimes difficult to interpret. Please allow me to solicit attention to this. N. P. BANKS, ]lIajor- General. See Fr6mont to Stanton, May 11, p. 171 Page 181 Citir. XXtV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.-~--TYNION. 181 No. 12.] IIEADQUAI~TERS ARMY IN THE FIELD, Franklin, May 12, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Generals Schenek and Milroy have been pressed back to Franklin, where they are stationed on the heights before a largely superior army of the enemy, who are endeavoring to outflank theiti. Skirmishing all day yesterday, with trilling loss. l3lenkers division arrived yesterday at 3.30. The men too much fatigued to go Ilirther. Our whole force is on the road since 3 this morning. A general engagement expected to- night or to-morrow morning. In the affair of Friday the rebel General ~Johnson 15 sai(l to have l)eCIl mortally wounded. A Colonel ~Jackson aII(l a Georgia colonel killed. J. C. FRtMONT, Major- General. HDQRS. SCIIENOKS BRIGADE, MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Franklin, May 12, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Chief of AS~tatf of Major- General Fremont: COLONEL: The messengers of the general commanding have just arrive(l (7 oclock p. ni.), announcing his iiear approach. Since 12 in. to-day I have not been able to get a telegram through. A repairing party has been sent out to ascertain what is wrong. The inclosed dispatch, not sent, will explain the situation of affairs up to that hour. All has been quiet this afternoon. Scouts not yet returned from Circieville. Some intelligence just received induces me to think that I was right in my conclusion that the whole force with which we were contronte(l at McDowell is not before us now. However, we have another night only to be watchful against what may be sul)erior mm u inbers. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 1IOBT. C. SCHENCK, Brigadier- General. llnclosnre.1 No. 6.1 FRANKLIN, May 12, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY: The nigh t has l)assed quietly. The rebels have obtained no posi tion that commands ours in any way. Sdnme little skirmishing on iiiy elmgage(l. lie had 1 man right this morning, iii which 1)ownev was killed. My cavalry scouts have been well out on the Harrisonburg road all miight, and found nothing in that (lilectiolm. General Milroys scouts L~l) the Cireleville road to the left of ins position mel)ort hiavin heard what they thought the rumblino of artillery in immoveineiit, which might be getting oim a road which comes into time turnpike from the west about 6 miles north of us. I have ordered Milrov to sen(i Iorwar(l a party to get to that intersecting point, l)icl~et it, an(h scout up the road, an(l if anything is discovered rel)ort directly to General Fr6mnommt, as well as here. It is a road leading from Eli Hammers, on the turnpike, to the North Fork. JIGET. C. SCHENCK, Brigadier- General Page 182 182 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. tOITAP. XXDA IIEADQUAI~TETiS, Loup of Big SewaU, May 12 [1862]11 p. m. Capt. G. M. BASCoM, A8sistant A~jutant- General: We left Meadow Bluff last night at 7 oclock; marched until 10 oclock; lay in ambush with my infVtntry until 12.3() oclock on the Lewisburg ioad. I ordered Major lloffiiian to take the Blue Sulphur road ; pro- ceeded cautiously through Sulphur to the Lewisburg roa(l at Buagers Miii, 4 miles from Lewisburg, where we were to meet at 4 a. in., and where it was said the secession cavalry were quartered. When the infantry were within 3 miles of the mill we were fired 111)011 by a cavalry })icket. We stlccee(led in capturing one alI(l lunnino two into time h woods. One got away and started for the imiill or this place. Our cav- alry had got across onto the same road and took this picket amid two others. Our cavalry were fired on about the same time that time infantry were. All took the (lOtll)le-(1llick. We arrived within 1 mile of this ])hlce, where we waited for daylight. As soon as (layliglit we 1110 Ve(l On alI(l attacked the eneimmy 011 the hill al)ove the town. Vve itmet about 9() cavalry in columns. We advanced at a run. After time two first rounds from our infamitry they broke for Dixie, amid our cavalry charged after theni and ftdlowecl them to within 1 mile of White Sulphur, sllccee(ling in killing one and capturing their traimi of baggagethree wagomis. Have taken 6 PrisoIlers. We took quiet possessio~i ot time town, which we now 1101(1. [Signed by licutenant-colommel cominam mdi mm g detach mucilt.] I have the honor to forward time above dispatch, receive(i Iromum Lewis- lung. My eomumuaumd will be in Lewisbmmrg by 9 a. mu. We(lmines(lay, wImell I expect to jOill Colonel Crook. Respectfully, S. A. GILBERT, Colonel Forty-fourth key un cut Ohio Volunteers. HEADQUARTERS FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, Camp at RaNt kiucr, M((y 12, 1862. Capt. 0-. M. BASCOM, Assistant Adjutant- General: SIR To-day I have allowed this conumlalid, imicludimmg the Twelfth Reoimncnt, which airi~~cd early last evenimig, to rest. All were greatly fatigued, aild the rest was illiperatuvely needed. I have sent a foraging part~T across the New River to get forage amid meat. They have sue- ceeded in gettiiig a considerable quantity to eke out our scanty 5111)- plies. I hope to get enough to iimake up three 01 four days ratiomis, an(l theuu to 1)llSh forward and (lrive the emuernv hoimi I us 1)oSitiOll at the upper entrance of time Narrows. Lieutenant-Colonel 1-Jayes commiplaimus greatly of tIme want of ic-emi- forcements. This of commrse. You are aware of tIme true state of tile case from my former reports, and the xvhole faimlt, as fin as tlmere is fault in the case, apart from delay in getting up 5np~)hie5, consists iii our advance being too far in front of its supports without i)~oPe1 authority. It was a fault, but one not attemmded with as serious consequences as such eager haste to keel) the advance mmliglmt be eXl)ected to entail Page 183 ODAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 1~) As my meu will be sufficiently rested to-morrow I propose to move as early as the day after to recover the ground lost by their retreat and secure the passage of the Narrows. I think it can be turned, an(l that, now our cannon has reached us, we shall be able to make good our advance, as required by instructions based upon the orders of the gen- eral commanding this department. Meantime it is essentially ha- portant that su~)plies of provisions ami ammunition should be l)uslLe(l Ioi-ward with or in advance of the force that is inteli(lCd to sul)1)ort the advaiteed brigade. Very resJ)ectfuhly, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel Commanding Fir8t Prorinional Brigade. HDQ1~s. DEPAuTMENT OF TIlE I~APPAHANNOCK, 1iredericl:sbnr.q, JlTaij 13, 1862. (1~eceived 2.2k) p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Nothing especial as to the movements of the enemy iii my front has transpired within the last twenty-foni I ~oui-s. CoP)l tel Ilaupt ii di in ates that he will be able to commence using the railroad between Aqula and Fredericksburg by the last of this week. The 1)1-idge over the Potomac Creek will soon be clone. The one over the llapl)ahlauuock is ])rogressing, but not as fast as I could wish. Those in charge say they have been poorly supplied from Washington with tools and materials. They have had to wait for rails, for pulleys, and are ~vit.h out suitable engines for the work to be done. if he can be spared I would like that Colonel McCahlum be sent down to nlsI)ect the line aIl(l see what it needS, and that lie be instructe(l to give jt whatever may be reqnired without delay. IPYIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. STRASBuuG, May 13, 18629 p. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON: My command reached Strasburg this morning at 12, the rear guard still remaining at Woodstock. The enemy is reported to be in force at Harrisonbnrg and his cavalry near Mount; Jackson. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commandhtg. FLAT To~ MOUNTAIN, May 13, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General: Colonel Scammon has withdrawn his advance guard from Pearis- burg, in view of a threatened attack by a force of rebels said, on good authority, to be 800. He is at mouth of Lost River, with or(lers to act very circumspectly until I can concentrate. lie reports his present I)osi- tion a good one. The first small installment of mules is at Ganley l3ri(ige. They ar Page 184 184 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [1JTtAV. ~VV. our great necessity. Our motion must be comparatively slow till we get the means of feeding ourselves more rapidly. Colonel Crooks brigade is moving on Lewisbnrg; he. iuiust be now in the Cheat Mountaiu country. The telegraph 1i~ts Just reached here. It will take two more days to get to Princeton. J. P. COX, Brigadier- General. IIEADQUARTEnS MOUNTAIN DEPAPTMENT, Franklin, Va., 11 Lay 13, 1862iioon. General JACOB I). Cox: iDispatch receive(l. We have just arrived. The enemy gone from here, and will doubtless be obliged to leave Cheat Mouiitaiii Summit; region, if he has not already. All right here and everywhere. Kelley and Harris will take care of guerrillas, while regulars retire before us. Major- General. P. S.Jackson moving toward Shenandoah Mountain. Trains loaded with sol(liers arrive(l at Staunton nearly a week ago, possil)ly intended br Lewisburg. We will ascertain an(1 act accordingly. By or(ler of General Fr6tnont ALI3ET~T ThACY, Colonel and Assistant A djn taut- General. HEADQUARTERS FIRsT PROVISIONAL BEIGADE, Mouth oJ East kirer, Va., Maq 13, 18t2. Captain BA500M, Assistant Adjutant- General SIR: All goes very well here except our coininissariat, a.n(l that gives no uneasiness except for the future. The more I learn of the real con- dition of things here the more satisfied I feel with our l)1osl)ects. I am very desirous however that snpplies should be l)ushled tor~var(l, al- though I have a firm persuasion that we shall find them before us. I wish also that the rifles for the Twentv-th ird Regiment could be sent forward, for they would be beyond price in tIne mountains. These an(l the ammunition remaining at Raleigh are oni needs. To-day I complete the examination of our proposed route en avant, and hope to act precisely as I have before indicated. We are yet all right. Perhaps in my vexation I have been rather too severe in condemna- tion of stretching our hue beyond its proper tension, but as 110 very serious consequences have ensued 1 am disposed to take a better view of what I still condemn. As to supplies, I have reason to hope that the couiitry in front will not be found desolate. To-day several persons, who have Punished supplies of forage an(l bacon, taking quarterin asters receipts, have also (lesired to take the oath and a] I cannot in [ though confide them, be lieve that they mean to be sincere. My men are in good spirits, and we can move with alacrity when I can see it right to give the word. There is nO (lelay beyond what is demanded by good policy as well as pro~)er (liscretion. If this seem Page 185 ChAP. X~IV.l CO1~I1ESPONDENCl~, EtC.~4YNtON. 185 like self-approval I cannot help it. It is my opinion. I apprehend that our work will be chiefly at Cloyds Mountain or its vicinity, but it is not, I think, a more serious matter than the delay of the few supplies that are so very necessary to us. XTery respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMOX, Colonel, Commanding First Provisional Brigade. HEADQUARTERS FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, East River, Tuesday, May 13, 1862. General JACOB D. Cox: GENERAL: Your dispatch of yesterday reached me at 2 a. in. to-day (or last night). I am cohItl(ient that the rel)ort of the enemys numbers is not greatly exaggerated, perhaps not at all, but I make some allowances for a Ii ttle g of force by a smaller force not holding its position even censurable. I have taken all nicasures fbi ascertaining the Ibree and j)ositioli of the enemy, and ~vi1l send back to you as soon as (lefilate results of inquiry are received. As to ammunition, the Thirtieth has 50 i-ounds, the Twenty4hii-d 50 to 60, the Twelfth 60. There is nothing- to l)revellt motion to time h-omit save quartermasters and commissary stores. I doubt not that there may be an effort on the l)art of the enemy to come in this way as they aic driven back from the east. I think the strongest l)osition be- tween Princeton and this point is at the crossing of East iliver, wheme the East River road joins the road to the Nari-ows. As to making an advance to ~O55C55 time south end of the Narrows an(l month of Wolf Creek, I will be governed by your instructions to the letter, and only move LII) to that point if from reports I feel conli- dent of being able to hold the point as well as take it. Will sen(l you another courier as soon as I hear fromu the front. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, SCAMMON, E. Colonel, Commanding Brigade. As to commissary supplies, hard bread is the most important. B. P. S. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TILE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 14, 1862. (Received 6 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Brigadier-General Hartsnff, with his brigade, arrive(l here this morn- ing from Catletts, having been replaced there by Brigadier-General Dnryea. The remaining regiments of Brigadier-General Ricketts brigade have also arrived. The enemy, from all the intormnation we -ather, remains as before reported. I have not found out lately whether lie has beemi re-enforced to any extent or not. Time men captured by Major Duffie, belonging to the Thirteenth South Carolina, ame sai(l to lmave joined the so-called Army of the Rappahannock time day they were taken. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major-General, (Jommanding Department Page 186 180 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [OJIAL. X~1V. FALMOUTH, May 14, 1S62. (Received 10.30 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: it has just l)een reported to rue by Brigadier-General Patrick who colIIlnan(lS in Fredericksburo an(l who has just returned from a visit to the oUtl)oStS oii the Gordonsville L)lank roa(1, that a body of two regi itients of infantry and two squadrons of cavalry caine ill) the roa(1 from (4ordonsville tlii~ afternoon about 5, aIl(i hurried off a few miles front town towar(l the east, and joined General Andersons army at Massaponax. it is supposed this is from the enetroys forces heretofore operating in the vahey of the Slienaimdoah. They were seen by our pickets as well as by residents. IRVIN McDOWELL. [MAY 14, 1862.For Col. John W. Gearys report of operations in Loudoun County from February 25 to May 6 see Series I, Vol. V, p. 511.] WAShINGTON, May 14, 1862. lion. E. M. STANTON, ASecretary of War, Washington, D. C.: Sm: in obedience to your instructions on the 12th nititno I starteol for Strasburg in search of Blenkers division, and on mriy way dispatched messengers in search ot it from Harpers Ferry and from Winchester, at which latter place 1 receiVe(l. your (lispatch iioiomniing inc that it was at Salem. I reached Strasbnrg on the mnoriming of the 14th, awl having informed myself of the route from Strasbomrg to Salem, I tool~ advantage of may proxumoity to General Banks to fulfill another j)art of yonr instructions, by going to his headquarters at Woodstock amid consulting with him. On time 15th 1 returned to Strasburg, telegraphed you what I had done, and made such suggestions about the movements of the troops as Generals Banks and Shields had agreed to be desirable. On time 16th I returned to Winchester, where, soon after my arrival, my messenger returned from General Blenker, who acknowledged the receipt of my orders, and informed me that he was at Paris, and that after crossing three regiments and two companies of the rfhlird Brigade at Beri-ys Ferry the old fhrry-boat sprang- aleak while crossing a coin- puny, sank, and precipitated it into the river, (irowning 3 commissioned ofhcers and ~38 non-commissioned officers and privates, and, in conse- quemmee tlmereof he should go with the remaimid~r of the division to Simiekers Ferry, where Captaimi Abert, Topographical Engineers, had ci-ected a better ferry. lie also informed lime that they were short of l~ro~i~jolm~, forage, Imorsesliocs, and horseshoe nails, clothing, shoes, stoekimi gs, picket-ropes, and ammunition; without tents or simelters, :mmmd without amubulances or irmedicines, for any imuportant work, armd tililt time troops hia(i imot been paid since the 31st of 1)ecember. i inmnme(liately a(lvised the War Departnment of the condition of the divisiomm, and took steps to fit it omit for a camI)aign with the least pOssi- ble delay. To exl)edite the dispatch of time smtI)I)lies ~ proceeded to Harpers Ferry ; arrive(I there omm Satin-day imiglit, and saw time great freshie Page 187 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.-~---UNIOW. 187 sweep away the trestle work, and cut off all passing for seven days and all eft~ctive crossing of supplies for ten days. The division during this delay laid in bivouac about 5 miles east of Winchester. On the 30th ultimo, that is to say fourteen days after, the shelter- tents arrived, and the troops, through the energetic efforts of Major Patton and the other paymaster, were paid off~ but had to march with- out shoes. The First Brigade moved on the 1st instant to find shoes and cloth- ing at Romney. The Second and Third awaited their arrival and the arrival of horse- shoes until the 4th, when horseshoes were received. On the 6th, the battery and cavalry horses having been shod, the coinniand moved encam that at Back 10 miles west of Winclrnster. , ping night Creek, On the 7th they marched 18 miles and encamped at North River. On the Sth they reached liomney, drew subsistence; and on the 9th left liomney at 2 a. in., crossing the South Branch, aird reaching Bur- lington at 7 ]). in. On the 10th they left Burlington at 3 a. m. and proceeded to Peters- burg, which they reached on the morning of the 11th. Having accomplished my mission, I proceeded to New Creek Station, aIi(l there prepared a written report to Geimeral Fr& nont, giving the itinerary of the march, anti another giving the wants, supplies, and (leficielicies of the command. having done this I left New Creek Station on the morning of the 13th, reached Washington at 7 p. in., arid reported at the Adjutant- Generals Ollice and at the War Office this morning at 9 a. in. In closing this report I dcciii it nry duty to say that I think well of the German division, and of General Bleuker hirrrsclf, who has the cx- l)eiitirce an(l spirit ot the soldier. The chief firn its appear to proceed from the want of a knowledge of tire rules and regulations of tire service, tire disregar(l of them in minor uratters by the field oflicers of some re~inrients, an(1 the Want of a Iii caj)able iili(l efficient (hivisiOli staff. _ ~,hly If tire trool)s are well sul)ervise(l, with a view to meet these (lefects, under the eye of a vigilant an(1 al)le corriniander, tire corps will (10 superior service. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. S. ROSECRANS, Brigadier- General, U. S. Army. MOUNTAIN 1)EPT., lbQm~. ARMY IN TIlE FiELD, liThnklin, May 14,1862. Brig. Gen. B. F. KELLEY. Burning Springs: Inform ati on coucerni rig rebel movement toward Grafton probal)ly incorrect. Our movements will probably J)revent eneiriys crossing the mountains in airy consi(lerable force. Will keep you informed and send for the regiments if necessary. By order of Major-General Fr6mont: ALBERT TRACY. Colonel and Assistant A (Ijutant- General Page 188 188 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (OXIAP. XXIV. Col. ALBERT TRACY, PRINCETON, May 14, 1862. Assistant A ~ju ta)? t- General, Franklin, Va.: Reached here last night. Moors brigade bivouacked 5 miles behind. Shall have both brigmies concentrate to-morrow night at Scammons position, IS miles in front. Expect Crooks brigade to reach Lewisbnrg to-day or to-morrow. Scainmons advance destroyed the captured stores at Pearisbnrg when they retired. This has ])Ht his command on short rations, but they have iiot suffered, and fresh 5u1)l)lies will reach them l)efore they are (Jilite out. Telegraph is 16 miles behind, coming on S miles a day; our scant transj)oLtation has delayed the wire. Have heard iiotliiiig lroiii you for three (lays. J. 1). COX, Br~gadicr- (Jeneral. HEADQUARTERS I)ISTRICT OF TILE KANAWIIA Princeton, May 14, 1862. ( 1. lB. P. SCAMMON, Commanding first Brigade: SIR: Your messenger this morning brought me no rel)ort from you as to the l)osition of aiThirs with you. I Pear .lie lost some (lisl)atclt, as his budget contained only reJ)orts, & c., for the Ad~ utant-C eiierals Oflice. It will take two or three (lays to get forward s1ll)l)lies aI)(l I)ee(led a(l(litional a unnunition. If, however~ the re is a probability of the time l)ein g more important thai~ anything else, I will make arrangements for an immediate test of the rebel stren ~tli in the Narrows. I wish youi. opimnon on this. subject. Please infoiau me also whether you have boats at Shoemakers Ferry, or any equally available crossing, by which we could pass over some long-raim ge guns, with suitable snpI)ort, to reach the rebel I)ositiou in the Narrows from time road Ol)POSite, which, as I am informed, runs higher on time hill-side and commau(is the roa(l on this 5i(le the river. You have not yet given me the result of your inquiry as to a road over East River Mountain turning the position on the (our) right. I had some thought of sen(luig the Second Brigade through by time Wythie- ville turnpike by way of Rocky Gap, but am averse to dividing tIme force, especi ally as the communication between ti me (letacli in em its would be very difficult pending the combined movement. If matters are not likely to become less favorable by delay I regar(l it quite imnl)orta.nt to sl)end a day or two in bringing up the telegraph, getting (lirect com- iii unication xvi th departinen t headquarters, frommi which I h ave not heard for several days, [and] with Colonel Crook in hurrying forward ammnu- nition and sup})lies, an(l organizing the new transportation, which is beginning to coimme ~l) the river in very small quantities. In regard to these things and for a lull report of your present kmmowledoe of tIme enemy let me hear front you to-night if possible. Very respect fully, yo am obedient servant J. D. COX Brigadier- General, Commanding Page 189 CIIAP. XXIV] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNLON. 189 HEADQUARTER S FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, Camp at East River, Va., May 14, 1862. Capt. (}. M. BASCOM, Assistant Adjutant- General Sm: I have the honor to report, for the information of the general coIfllnalI(ling, tIS tollows 1. I have for (Inty 0 300 men, viz: Twenty-third Thirtieth T~velfth .1~ Ohio Volunteer Infantry, five companies of cavalry, and McMullins battery. 2. The rations of the Twenty-third, Thirtieth, Second Virginia Cav- alry, and MeMuhlins artillery expire this evening. We shall then have for issue sugar, coffee, and beaus for four days. Bread expires to- night. Have no flour. rfhe Twelfth Regiment has rations for thiee days after to-(lay. Tue quartermaster (Gardner) reports 47 wagons back at Princeton all(l en route from l~riaceton to Flat Top for commissary and ordnance stores. The mule pack-train left Princeton for Raleigh on the 11th instant to bring forward stores25 for bringing ordnance stores, 20 for cominis- sarx- stores. Here the country is exhausted until we can move to the front in force. 3. The enemy in front is rel)orted in force; how great it is impossi- ble to ascertain with accuracy, but enough is known to convince me that lie has been largely re-enforced. There are rumors of eight regi- ii~euts, besides their artillery heretofore reported, and a small cavalry force. The 500 mentioned by the reports received by me last evening I presume to be an exaggeration. I inclose the reports of Lieutenant- Colonel I~axtoui, Second Virginia Cavalry, accompanied by that of Cap- tain Scott, of f lie same regiment, and the report of Lieutenant McCon- nell, Thirtieth Ohio Volunteers, with the indorsements thereon. 4. 1 have appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Hines, of the Twelfth Regu- nient, to the l)ost of coiumander of pickets and outposts, charging hint with securing the safety of the camp from surprises, & e., lest any force, large or small, might create alarm or cause disaster by surprise. I have directed pickets and outposts to be placed on all the approaches to the camp under his direction, having at least one company at each picket post, and the outposts to be connected by deploying sentinels to the right and left, so as to embrace the whole camp by such a chain as will make surprise impossible. 5. I find it absolutely necessary to have some one to act as provost- marshal, and have designated Lieutenant-Colonel Jones, of the Thir- tieth, for that duty. 6. As to the l)ositions of the enemy, and approaches to and from him, 1 can only say that he occupies the camp at the Mouth of Wolf Creek, and has extended his lines of pickets down the valley between East River Mountain and my camp. The approaches on that side are very difficult and well watched. He doubtless has a consi(Ierable cav- alry force at the Salt Wells, some 12 or 14 miles below. I suspect lie has been ~oiuied by flue force from Tazewell, and that lie has received re-euforcements from Monroe and from flue direction of Newbern. This Is something more than conjecture, but is of course subject to that de- gree of uncertainty that attends 6bservations of an enemy in a country so broken as this. I shall strictly observe your orders in reference to offensive ummove- ments, and make no advance, except to repel l)robable attacks, unles Page 190 190 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., ANI) MD. [CHAr. xxiv. I am sure that the case calls for offensive action in some particular Iii- stance, nor theii beyond the reach of imme(liate support. The rel)orts would make the enemy far outnumber ussay triple our force. This I receive with great allowances for exaggeration, but then enough would remain to make this i)olicy imperative iii view of our supplies, had not your or(lers fixed my course of action beyond question. I shall await the arrival of the Second Brigade with much impatienceI mneami with cager hopeand it may well be that I can act in accordance with good policy and your orders. 7. The roads to the enemy are three: First. By the Narrows, in the face of the enemy. and with flanks exposed to fire from the right bank of the river. Seeond. By taking the road by Frenchs Mill to the mouth of Wolf Creek, going (lowli the road in the valley of that creek, or river. Frenchs Mill is 5 miles iii our rear, on the Princeton road, and the distance from there to Wolf Creek is 3~ miles; thence 4 miles (lo~vn the creek to its mouth. Third. One and a half miles in our ad- vance up the New River there is a ravine called Lunestone Run, leading to the top of the mountain ; thence an easy access to a tal)le-lan(l gixr~ ing full view of the enemys camp, both above and below Wolf Creek. This approach on the left of the enemy is very difficult, scarcely a l)atlI, and that very rough all(l stee1) even for footmen, barely i)Ossil)he for imiles, him t not carrying howitzers even if nno~posed. If Crook comes up the New River from Lewisburg lie will be ~)recise1y in the right l)lace to command the enemy at the Narro~vs amid mouth of Wolf Creek. The poiut from which to (10 this, I learn, is a bit of table-land just above Forsyths Ferry amI(l opposite time Narrows, just below aiid over- looking the breastworks of time enemy. Very respectfully, your obedient servant. E. P. SCAMM ON, Colonel, Commanding First Provisional Brigade. MAY 14, 1862. Col. F. P. SCAMMON, Commanding First Provisional Brigade: SIR: It appears that the party sent for forage this mmioruihmg, beimmg a detail of 50 mcmi, when about 5 miles below camp omi New Rivem-, beimig immformned that there was a rebel force l)elow, time cal)taili in conimand ordered the column to retire. Having proceeded somue 2 miles toward camp hie discovered sonic few~ imifantry of our brigade on time opposite side of the river closely l)urslied by the rebels. rI~hie captain (lismnolilited his mcii to go to their relief He succeeded in (loilig so, an(l som e4f time men perceived a force of cavalry coining rip in his rear and sortie going aronn(l to intercel)t their return to camp. Time umumuber is miot known, but they were informed that the numuber was 5O() by citizens. At thus time Captain Scott ordered a return to camp. In (biting this they were Iire(l upon about 2 miles below. I iiii(lerstalmd Captain Scott is sat~ and will make a i-eport as soomi as lie arrives. Various rumors are brought, but this is as near as I can get to the general report. I am afraid the infantry who rel)ort it a mnistake were not as far down as Captain Scott. I have the honor to be, your obediemit servant, J. C. PAXTON, Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Page 191 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 191 [Indorsement.] On this report I learn from Captain Gilinore, First Virginia Cavalry, that his CO1H1)~flY went (lowli the river 7 miles l)elOw the Mouth of East Iliver, leaving camp about S oclock and reaching the end of his 7 miles at 11 O~ClOCl~q being accompanie(l by one wagon to gather forage. Got it) bushels corn and a few sheaves of oats, and fed his horses and let them graze for an hour. lie then returned to the house above the mill 6 miles from camp. Let his company, except 6 men guarding the wagon, press on to camp. While at the house mentioned above 3 or 4 of our infantry called to be brought over the river, saying that they were pursued. Sent a man over with a canoe and saw them brought over, and then returned to camp. Captain Gihnore is satisfied that the only cavalry seen on this s1(le the river was his own. As to cavalry force on time other si(ie of the river, it is reported that there is a force sonmewliere about the Salt Wells, 12 miles from our camp. This, however, is only a rel)ort front the Secoimd N irgimmia Cavalry, (lerive(i irommi sonic w~nian (lowim time river. E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding Eir8t Pro vb~IOn((l Brigade. The above has been exanimed by inc an(l is my report. (I. W. (JILMORE, Captain, iiNrst 1irginia. CMIP AT EAST RiVER, May 14, 1862. Col. E. P. ScMulox: In pursuance of your orders I beg leave to offer the following report of the aflair which occurre(1 yesterday dowit New River. I went about 1.0 miles do~vmm in search of forage, but 101111(1 none. I heard of a force of rebels below, at time Salt Works. ~ot w isiming to have a collison with them without orders, I or(lered IQ\ tom ( ( ~1 (letail of 50 nmcmmt() conim- ter-marclm ammd rcturn to camp. We hmbi n mmved within 4 miles of canmp wlmeim 1 heard tiring emit the O])1)OSit( ~m(l( of time river. Hastening up, I found 4 of tIme immfammtrv of time brigade (lo~ely 1)ulrsue(1 by therebels. Tile mimen called to its tlmat they were cut oil lioni ictreat unless we could lmelp them. I told them to go dowit the i i~ i to I lie mill, where there was a canoe, iii which they could cross, al(l I scuit 6 nien to protcct thmemn with their lire frommi any eumenmy who might attack timemim. They succeeded in ~ettimmo s~mfel over. Time guards who had been sent to protect tlmeni v down camne back amid rellorted that there was cavalry comnimig mip time iiver. I supposed they were SOIJIC of Captain Gihmnores mcmi, but the mcii ~)ersistiuig in their belief; I semit more men to see them. These re- tnrne(l, amid reportc(l that they had seemi the force behmiuid (lismolint and same of themim hia(l gone over the umioutitaimi, probably to intercept us. At this SOimiC teanisters, who heard time reply, starte(l, xv ith the negroes who were along, all without anus, iii lmullil)er 25 1mm full nut for camp. iMammy of my muemi, supposing sommiethmimig hind hmaj)pened, that I had ordered a retreat, fell iii with time waonems amid camne back. I remaimmed with a small force umitil I found the cause of lime alarm to be Captaimi Gilmores mcmi, who, hearing time flriimg, 5u1)poSed a fight was on hand, and had dismounted his mcmi t.o reconnoiter. I am~ very r~~$})ectfuh1y, A. SCOTT, Cartain Company F, ~cond Virginia Cavalry Page 192 192 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND Ml). [CHAP. XXIV. FALMOUTH, May 15, 1862. (Received 6.20 l~ in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: It is reported by a p(rsou just from below that forces of the enemy were passing front iiear RiclintOfl(l to Gordoiisville, it was sai(l to jola Jackson. There was a good deal of firing across an(l (lown the river last itight afl(i this morning. The re-ejiforceinents recel ved yesterday are sai(l to be 2,000, and from the namber of cavalry which acconi- panied the two regiments of inflintry I think this may be so. The wet weather makes it (lilbeult for the men to work on these high trestles of round timber and retards the building of the bridges. The engineers say, however, they will be (10110 this week. iRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, (Jommauding. HEADQUARTERS, NEAR RECTOJITOWN, May 15. 1862. lion. E. M. STANTON, (Received 10.~30 p. in.) Secretary ~f lVar: Sin: I have just received9.30 oclock l~ m.a (lispatch from Major Tyndale, under my orders coinniaiiding at Frout itoyal, in which he says: General Shields advanced brigade reports having seen a iiiiniher of rebels in front of Chester Gap this afternoon. Shields is doing oii to Warrenton. After he lasscs this detachment nn(l neighborhood mnst be re-enforced. The major further says lie believes that rebel cavalry and light troops are advancing on both si(les of the Shenandoah, and will attack this road as soon as Shields is out of the way, and that the thiiig is feasible, since General Banks is no longer to the south of us. Very respectfully, JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Corn manding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TIlE RAPPAILANNOCK, May 15, 186. Geii eral WADSWORTH, IVa8h ington. General iMeI)owell has receive(l a report from General Geary respect- ing an attack on his line. I~hease (licect him at once to establish block- houses for the l)rotectioll of the l)ridges, in which time guard will be ampi secure from any attack of cavalry which may be lna(le against them. ED. SUIIRIVEIt, ChiJ Oj & atJ. TIEADOUARTERS ARMY IN TIlE FIELD Franklin, May 15, 1862. (Received 2.25 p. in.) Hon. V. M. STANTON: The rebel army, said to number 14,000, with thirty pieces of artil- lery, under General Jackson, are now in full retreat to~var(l the Shen- an(loah Mountain. Weather stormy. J. U. F111~M0NT, Major- General Page 193 CAIAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 193 HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Franklin, Va., May 15, 1862. Hon. E. 14. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Kelley, commanding the Railroad District, reports from SI)encer, Roane County, that lie was attacked in a narrow pass at Reedy Creek day before yesterday by guerrillas, who fired upon him from the mountain-top. His men dismounted and charged up the mountain, but were unable to kill any of the rebels. General Kelley suffered no loss. He is l)erfectly satisfied that there is no force in this country but refugees. Lieutenant-Colonel Harris, commanding the District of Cheat Mount- ain, reports everything quiet in his command. From Eastern Ken- t.ncky I have reports, which seem reliable, of arrogant and threatening conduct on the part of the secessionists, secret meetings, drilling, and l)reparations for a general outbreak at the same time with an inroad by tbrces under Humphrey Marshall. Large and small parties of recruits are reported passing through to the Virginia line. I have directed Colonel Lightburn, commanding at Charleston, and Colonel Cranor, commanding at Piketon, to co-operate iii ridding the country of guer- rillas. The small force nuder these officers is, however, insufficient to l)rotect the country against any attack, amid I cannot re-enforce Colonel Cramior without danger to other parts of the department, now threat- eIIc(l along its entire line. I would again suggest the importance of ~)lacing in that portion of the State a body of troops sufficiemitly large to repel any invasion and relieve the apl)rehensions of the loyal inhab- itants. J. C. FJII2MONT, Major- General, Commanding. FRANKLIN, May 15, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General: Weather rainy. Trying to hurry up supplies and ammunition. Moors brigade is at junction of Pearisburg road with road running up East River. I stol)pe(l them there, as they can easily support Scam- muon or watch the Wytheville pike, going through Rocky Gap. Crooks brigade is at Lewisburg, and warned to watch sharply in all directions. Our supply of artillery amumnunition is small, and I get no response to req musition in ad e by ordnance sergeant. The enemys force is variously reported from 6,000 upward. Before making any decisive muovement I wish to get up some sup- plies amid ammunition and learn the coumitry a little better. Tile emiemys ])osition is in the Narrows and hard to reach from this side, though Scamumnon reports it a poor position to hold against a force coming the other way, omi account of the formuation of the mountains. I was disaL)- point& in his abandoning it, however. J.D. COX, Brigadier- General. 13 R RYOL XII, PT II Page 194 194 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, Camp at East River, Va., May 15, 1862. Brig. Gen. JACoB P. Cox, Commanding District: GENERAL: Yours of this morning (6 a. in.) reached me at 1.30 p. m~ Colonel Moor has sent forward a messenger announcing his arrival at Frenchs, and I wrote to hiiii the substance of your communication in reference to him, although I supposed he had instructions in reference to his movements. I have asked humn to come up here in the morning, if his presence is not essential at his camp, for an hour or two. I cannot refrain from congratulating myself on finding that my let- ters to you in reference to movements to the front, & c., are met on the road by your own dispatches announcing the same policy. It seems to me that your information of roads, & c., must be very good, so much so that I feel modest about sending the inclosed sketch.* I hope you will be satisfied in reference to action for forwarding traiis- portation. I am trying to do my best, but it is np-hill work in a mount- ainous country. I have no doubt of our ability to dislodge the enemy, and move forward as soon as you deem it proper to give the word. I am trying to get persons to act in the capacity so much miceded and mentioned in your note of to-day. The trouble is that the soi-disant Union men are not to be trusted. The real ones have beemi driven off, and it would take our own men a month to learn from observation of the roads and positions as mnch as we know from mnaps and casual iii- formation. I have sent out, however, for a man who can be trusted, and I hope to get one or two others this evening. I think Colonel Moors brigade is precisely in the right place, and should think it quite possible that the force detached to the cross-roads may find a party of the enemy. In front of my position at Adairs I learned this morning from Lieu- tenant-Colonel Hines that it was beyond question that a certain house on the opposite side of the river was occupied by rebel pickets. I sent him up with three companies of riflesone of Twenty-third, two of Colonel Whiteswith one howitzer, to stir them up. It was done very readily, and after a few shots the enemys picket of 50 or 60 men left the vicinity. What I have written concerning the route to Wolf Creek by Frenchs Mill, by the Narrows, and by the road on east side of New River, and the by-road up Limestone IRun seems to cover the whole muatter of approach to the enemy. The force on the other side of New River can (lriVC the enemy from the Narrows if he shall not have left before the advance is made. That going by Frenchs Mill and Wolf Creek would cut him off from retreat to the west, and he would fall back to fight at Poplar Hill. No stamid can be made at Pearisburg if my information of topography be correct. I will send you another courier in the morning at furthest. I have every confidence in the actual condition of our affaiis, and I trust in God that no untoward event may mar the prospects of youv command. At present it seems to me they are excellent. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding First. Pro visional Brigade. *Not found Page 195 CHAP. XXiV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 195 No. 1.] MOUNTAIN 1)EPARTMENT, HDQRS. ARMY IN TILE FIELD, Franklin, llftiy 15, 1862. Brig. Gei~. JAcon D. Cox, Princeton: Youi dispatch received. The enemy which had been ~)tlrsuing Gen- erals Sehenck alI(l Milroy retreated on Mon(lay evening upon my arri- val withiii 10 miles ot this place, and are sai(l to be on their way hack to the Shenandoah Mountain. The simultaneous appearance of these two armies in front of this position and yours may be a feint to cover a more ilnl)ortant movement on the railroad. 1~is therefore desirable that the operations directed on the 8th should be dkcted as soon as l)Ossible. Number your telegrams hereafter, as we will do. ALBERT TRACY, Golonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. No. 2.] MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, HDQRS. ARMY IN TILE FIELD, Franklin, May 15, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Princeton: Information derived from Mr. J. B. Temple, president Military Board, Frankfort, Ky., seems reliable, of arrogant and threatening conduct on the part of the rebelssecret meetings, drillino- and preparations br a general outbreak simultaiieous with an invasion of Eastern Kentucky by forces under Humphrey Marshall. Considerable par- ties are reported passing through to the Virginia lines. The case is one which requires serious and immediate attention. I have there- fore instructed Colonel Lightburn to communicate with Mr. Temple upon the subject of his letter, and shall expect y~u to exercise youi- ut- most vigilance to ascertain and report all movements of the rebels looking toward that quarter, and to repress, so far as is in your power, any mischief they may set on foot. The design may be to re-enforce the rebels now in your front. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. WASHINGTON, May 16, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: What is the strength of your force now actually with you~? A. LINCOLN. HDQRS. 1)EPARTMENT OF TILE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 16, 1862. (Received 11.40 a. in.) His Excellency the PRESIDENT: In answer to your telegram of this morning I have to rel)ort now ac- tually with me at this place, as the strength of my force, 30,112 officers and men for duty; at Belle Plain and Aquia Creek, as guards and un- loading stores, repairing railroad and wharf, & c., 1,361 officers and men. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Page 196 196 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., \V. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WASHINGTON, May 16, 186211.40 a. in. General MCDOWELL: The Presjdent desires you to make a short visit here for conference, if yOU can conie. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. ~ FREDERICKSBURG, May 16, 18622.43 p. m. lou. E. M. STANTON: Your telegram just received. I leave at once for Washington and will be there late tbis evening. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. POTOMAC CREEK, May 16, 1862. Ma~jor-Geueral MCDOWELL: Conductor reports that Captain Harrison, of the Ninety-fifth New York, in charge of party loading dirt for siding I mile south of Aqua Creek Station, having retired a fi~w steps into the woods this morning, was fired at by a supposed rebel, the ball passing through his cap and grazing his head. He fired five barrels of his revolver at the assassin, then sent a squad iii pursuit wi thout success. Guerrillas are forming in various parts of the country, provoked by rapes and other crimes committed by Union men. Cases have occurred in this vicinity recently of an aggravated character. You will require efficient protection iii the rear. When I see you I can give further particulars. II. HAUPT, Colonel, & e. GENERAL ORDERS, IIDQRS. DEPT. OF THE TIAPPAHANNOCK, No. 13. Opposite Fredericksburg, Va., May 16, 1862. A (livision, to be coml)OSed of Brigadier-Generals Ilicketts and Hart- sniPs brigades of infantry and Brigadier-General Bayards cavalry bri- ga(lC, is hereby formed, to be commanded by Major-Gemieral Ord who will immediately proceed to organize the same. Brigadier-General Seymour will assume command of the brigade recently commanded by General Ord. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. [CirdularI HDQRS. I)EPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAILANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, Va., May 16, 1862. Hereafter no trains, either brigade or supply, will be seuit for sup- plies unless accompanied by a commissioned officer and 3 mounted men, whose duty it shall be to prevent any teamsters from entering houses on the. route or from committing irregularities of any kind Page 197 CnAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 197 The officer who dispatches the train will be held responsible for the strict execution of this order. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BIWCK, Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. DEPT. OF TIlE RAPPAHANNOCK, No. 72. f Opposite Fredericksburg, Va., May 16, 1862. Brigadier-Generals IRicketts and Jlartsuff will cause icquisitions to be made out at once for shelter-tents for the troops of their respective brigades; all other tents will be turned in as soon as shelter-tents can be obtained, except those for the use of coin missioned officers. XVhetlier shelter-tents can be obtained or not, the troops will leave behind the large tents should they l)e ordered to move. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS, Franklin, Va., May 16, 1862. (Received 4.20 p. in.) Hon. E. A. STANTON, Secretary of War: Dispatch received.* This the third day of a storm. Have just come to this point by a forced march, in advance of supplies, to relieve Gen- erals Scheuck and Milroy, closely pressed an(l hemmed in by a force estimated at 14,060. 1 am still in advance of supplies. Men snftering; transportation deficient, but being remedied to some extent and as fast as possible. No forage in this country to be at all relied upon. First object is to destroy force reported intrenched 22 miles in front. Am directing another force upon railroad to break it, agreeably to l)lan. Expect to be shortly successful, as the force is already near. Having done these two things, which will be done as quickly as possible, will ex- ecute with rapidity what youi propose. In respect to these two points I will keep you frequently informed of progress. We are endeavoring to get up ammunition and other stores. Entire insufficiency of transpor- tation has thus far cripl)led us. Please answer if I shall make move- ments in reference to the march you propose. J. C. FRI~MONT, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Princeton, May 16, 1862. Col. A. MOOR, Commanding Second Brigade: SIR: Leave half a regiment at Frenchs, and move with the bulk of your force to the Wytheville road and find a strong position, and hold it at all hazards, or, if forced to retreat, do so on the direct road leading to this place from those cross-roads. I think the report of Marshalls force is exaggerated, but this movement, speedily made, will be best. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. Reference is to dispatch of same date quoted in Fr~1nont8 report, Part I, p. 10 Page 198 198 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXiV. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWHA, Col. E. P. SCAMMON, Princeton, May 16, 1862. Gommanding First Brigade: SIR: Colonel Moors men penetrated to Wolf Creek and bad a skir- mish, routing l)art of the enemys cavalry. They have also to-day had a skirmish at crossing of Wytheville road with Cumberland Gap road; and on report of a considerable force near there I have just ordered him to leave half a regiment at Frenchs and march with bulk of his force to the Wytheville road and hold it from any advance from that quarter. As soou as I learn fuller particulars I will give further orders, but do not apprehend any change in former plans. If Moor should find a superior force I will let you know. Keep in constant communication with the (letachrnent at Frenchs, and be prepared to act vigorously in any manner circumstances may make necessary. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. I). COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE KANAWIJA Princeton, May 16, 1862. Col. E. P SCAMMON, Commanding First Brigade: SIR: Colonel Moors orders were only as stated to you fn my former (lispatch, but upon his hearing of a skirmish of some of the enemy with part of his detachment he ordered forward the larger 1)art of his corn- mand, anticipating from rumor that he might have the whole of Hum phrey Marshalls force to contend with. Time arrangement suggested in my note to you of this p. in. will only continue till I can make preparation to return to the plan heretofore spoken of Some of Colonel Moors men making a reconnaissance of the road from Frenchs over the mountain fell upon an outpost of the enemy on Wolf Creek and captured several prisoners. From these (one of whom is a black man, who seemed to give honest and intelligible information) Iget the following statement, which is corroborated by time drift of the statements of all, even when they try to deceive. They agree that the force before you is under command of General ileth; that it numbers about 3,000 or 3,500 men, of which some 500 are cavalry. None of timem have actually seen more than six cannontwo field pieces and four mountain howitzers. One of the large pieces is said to be l)lanted on the opposite side of New River; the rest are on this. side. They keep an outpost usually of two companies on Wolf Creek where Colommel Moors detachment had the skirmish with them. They say IlLlml)hrey Marshall was at Tazewell Court-House or thereabouts, an(l was exl)ect- ing to march through Rocky Gal) to attack the rear of our column by the Cumberland Gap road, and sonic of his cavalry had a skirmish with the large detachment of Colonel Moors command near the cross-roads this morning. Marshalls force is l)ut from 1,500 to 3,000. Many of the enemy are armed with smooth flint-lock muskets, & e. A skirmish is now going on with a few cavalry on the Wyoming road, 5U1)pOSed to be a l)art of the rebel cavalry who got past the road this nbOnlino. This will show you that by quietly perfecting our arrangements w Page 199 CHAP. XXIV.] COhPESPONDENCE, ETC.TJNJON. 199 shall have every probability of accomplishing what we desire. I should like to know how it accords with the information you have got latest. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. D. COX, Brigadier- General, Commanding. [MAY 17, 1862.For Stanton toMcDonell, directing co-operation with McClellan, see Series I, Vol. XL, Part I, p. 28.] MAY 17, 1862. Brigadier General G-EARY, Commanding at Bectortown: Agreeably to the instructions of the War Department you xviii please report to and receive your further orders from Major-General Banks, to whose command you have been reattached. IRViN McDOWELL, Major- General, CommandIng. NEAR RECTORTOWN, VA., May 17, 1862. Major. General BANKS, Strasburg, Va.: GENERAL: I have the honor to report that since May 5, in obedience to orders from the Secretary of War, I have made my reports to Major- General McDowell. At the time of my detachment from your division my command was gaarding the line of this railroad from Front Royal to Salem, which was Thrther extended upon the 10th ultimo to Manas- sas, giving me 52 miles to guard. My command was therefore now disposed as follows: At Front Royal, one company inflintry and one company cavalry; at Shenandoah, one company infantry; at Happy Creek, one company infantry; at Linden, one company infantry; at Markham, two companies infantry; at Pied- mont, one company infantry and one company cavalry; at Rectortown, five companies of infantry, one company of artillery, and two comnpames of cavalry; at Salem, one company of cavalry; at White Plains, one company infantry; at Thoronghfare Gap, one company infantry and one company cavalry patrol, and at Manassas, one company infantry; my headquarters being 1~ miles west from IRectortown. The only changes in these stations have been the withdraxving of a company from the Shenandoah to re-enforce Linden on the 15th, and to-day the detachment of one section of artillery to re-enforce Front Royal, and the withdrawal of the company at Manassas to this point. 1 represented to Major-General McDowell that this great extension of my command, guarding many points requiring protection, rendered all of them subject to harassment, with more or less danger to each; also the very winding and circuitous form of the railroad, and time great natural advantages afforded the enemy in the increasing denseness of the foliage and rapidly rising grain, screening him from view nntil he could apl)roach very near our line; also that Colonel Munford, with about 60() cavalry, together with other forces amounting to imearly the same number, tlmreatens us from the soutim, devoting attention to time (lestruction of the road ; that the numneroims ranges of nmommmmtaimis are hhled with passes amid places of refuge and defense of which the enem Page 200 200 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. can readily avail themselves; that the force at this point is compelled to forage for the whole line, and that from the impoverished state of the immediate vicinity we have to I)elletrate some distance into the interiorfor at least S or 10 miles; that I cannot afford re-enforceinents from one point to another without weakening one and rendering it liable to (lestruction. These facts I urged as an immediate necessity for re-euforceinents and the concentration of my command to the westward of this point. Under the orders of to-day I have the hoiior of submitting them to your consideration. The difficulties I)resellted in the topography of this section render the protection of the road aIl(l tran sportation 111)011 it a difficult and (langerolis task. Being threatened by bodies of gnerrilla cavalry, I have adopted every available means to iender my positions as tenable as possible, by forti. fying them, in the erection of block-houses, abatis, and other defenses against cavalry, an (I n) y (letachin en ts, performing unusually arduous , are insti-ucted to maintain their positions at all llazar(l. On the 15th instant I ordercd a coinpaiy of intlintry from Piedrnoiit to Linden, there to remain statiollc(i. A detachment of 17 men, guard- ing the company wagon, reached there a short time before the main bo(ly of the company, which was on a train. They were attacked by a body of cavalry, variously estilnate(l from 300 to (300, colnilig 111)011 them from four directions. Our IUCII resisted them, kee~ping Ill) a sharp fire Ufl(ier shelter of the depot, which was ri(l(lle(l with bullets. My mnexi were overpowerc(l; 1 was killed an(l 14 takeim prisoliers, ~3 of whom were wounded. When the balance of tile company came up the enemy has- tily retired under lire and with some loss. There are some excellent recently built hospitals, capable of accomnmo. (lating about 3,000 sick, at Front Royal. They were erected by the rebel army, and contain in any conveniences. Respectfully submitted. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, Franklin, May 17, 1862. (Received 4.45 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: Our troops at Princeton are reported to have been attacked by an overwhelming force under humphrey Marsh all. Where is General Mor- gan ~? Will you not, iii an ticil)atioml of (langer, (lirect all spare Indiana trool)s to re-enforce General Cox ~ In mimy judgment, in view of the force we shall have to encounter at Shenandoah Mountain and the force op- ])osed to General Cox, two regiments frommi Maryland should be imume- (liately ordered to New Creek, to keep open our hue of communication. J. C. FRI~MONT, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 17, 18627.10 p. m. Major-General FR1~MONT, Franklin: General Morgan was at Cumaberlamid Ford when last heard from. I Page 201 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 201 would be well for you to put yourself in communication with him. I do not understand what Maryland regiments can be stationed at New Creek nor the object gained by ~)lacing them there. EI)WIN M. STANTON. FRANKLIN, VA., May 17, 1862. (Received 7.30 1~ in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of lVar: In explanation of the position of General Cox I transmit the follow- ing telegram from him, dated yesterday at i~riiiceton, and just received by me: No. 1.] Will do everything possible to provide against mischief in Kentucky, according to your No. 2. Am waiting the arrival of some ammunition and provisions to attack the rebels in front. Their numbers are reported large, but I think exaggerated. I have no means of communication with Colonel Cranors command in Kentucky. Where is he ~? To-day Colonel Crooks brigade met only a few cavalry near Lewis- burg. Greenbrier Bridge was not injured. I suppose the enemys force which has been l)etweeu Lewisburg and Abingdon is concentrated in front of me, but they show us no disposition for aggressive movements at present. J. C. FI1I~MONT, illi9or- General. FRANKLIN, VA., May 17, 1862. (t~cceived 17th, midnight.) Hon. E. M. STANTOI~ Secretary of War: A telegram front Gauley Bridge, 7.35 p. in., states as follows: Messenger just reached Raleigh reports that General Cox recaptured Princeton this morning. J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 18, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Franklin: This Department would be very glad to furnish you with the re-en forcements you ask for, but there is not a single regiment or company at its disposal or that can be withdrawn from its present position. Five generals in the field besides yourself are asking for troops. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. BALTIMORE, May 18, 1862. (Received 11.20 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Tue aspect of affairs in the valley of Virginia is becoming very threatening, and grave apprehension again exists of the destruction of our road. Jackson is rel)orte(1 as having becit re-enforced by Ewells division, and it is rumored that Wigfall is also moving to add his forces Page 202 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. 202 The retreat of General Banks before General Jackson and the removal of the best forces from the railroad for General Banks assistance create great uneasiness. The enterprise and vigor of Jackson are well known, and the great importance attached by the enemy to the destruction of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad accounts for his movements. Under the circumstances will it iiot be most judicious to order back General Shields to co-operate with General Banks? Such a movement might be accomplished in time to l)revellt disaster. I feel it a duty to preseiit this matter for your consideration and action. J. W. GARRETT, President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TIlE RAPPAILANNOCIC, May 18, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, War Department, Washington: General Shields, through a staff officer, who telegraphs from Manas- sas this morning, inquires where lie is to I)ost his (livisioll and take up his headquartersby selecting grounds either at Warrenton Town or Warrenton Junction? He appeared not to know. He is expected to move as soon as possible on this point. I have told him to do so. Telegrams of the 7th, 8th, and 15th May contained directions to that effi~ct. El). SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff. MOUNTAIN DEPT., HEADQUARTERS IN THE FIELD, Franklin, May 18, 1862. Col. J. A. J. LIGHTBURN, Charleston: Send following dispatch immediately to Colonel Crook, viz: General Cox has succeeded in repulsing the enemy at Princeton, but is not strong enough to produce any (leci(led result. You are therefore (lirecteti to march without the least delay to re-enforce him. You will tai~e the road l)y Palestine and Ander- sons Ferry, keeping on the north side of Greenbrier River till you reach Packs Ferry. Should this road. be impracticable, which is left to your jn(lgment to decide, I think it best for you to fall back to Gauley Bridge, and thence make your way us rapidly as possible to Flat Top Mountain. Report what you have done to these headquarters aU(l to General Cox. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. IJDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TIlE RAPPAIIANNOCK, Fairnouth, May 19, 1862. (Received 9.2() p. ii.) ilion. B. iXil. STANTON: The bridge over Ilappahannock will l)e (bile to-day and will soon be in condition for the trains. General Shields arrived at Catletts last night, and will be here iii two (lays. I hope an(l exl)eet to be ready by the tinie he arrives to keel) liiim niareliing. The ci ieniy still maintain their position ill my Iront, as I learn from deserters and inhabitants, a Page 203 CnA1~. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 203 well as from a letter received under flag of truce from the commander, J. 11. Anderson. I beg to ask the following appointments may be made for my staff: Capt. Sam ad Breck, my assistant adjutant-general; Capt. F. Myers, my assistant quartermaster-general; Capt. J. M. Sanderson, my chief commissary of subsistence, to be majors; and J. P. Dronillard, James I)e Wolf Cutting, and Craig XV. Wadsworth to be captains. The lat- ter are now with me, and for good reasons I wish them on the same looting as the other aides sent to me. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, IIDQRS. DEPT. OF TIlE IRAPPAHANNOCK, No. 80. Opposite Fredericksburg, May 19, 1862. Major-General Ord will cause the tents of his division, with the ex- cel)tions heretofore made to be turned in to-morrow and obtain shelter- tents in place of them. Shelter-teiits can be obtained upon application to the chief quartermaster of the department. By command of Major-General McDoxvell: SAML. BLIECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS FRANKLIN, VA., May 19, 1862. (Received 12 in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The great difficulty under which I labor is that I can move my troops either very slowly or not at all, for want of transportation. If you will at once witlion t any delay, send me 200 wagons, with the necessary horses, I will make up for lack of troops by celerity of movement and will ask for no re-enforcement. J. C. FR~MONT, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS FRANKLIN, VA., May 19, 1862. (Received 12.20 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of IVar: I am officially informed that General Cox fiuinds enemy too strong for him, threatening his flanks a 1(1 Ii tie of communication. Is retreating 111)011 Flat Top Mountain. J. C. FRIT2MONT, Major- General. No. 6.] MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT HDQRS. IN TIlE FIELD, Franklin, May 19, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Blue Stone: Your No. 3 received, and your action entirely approved. As stated[ in m5~ No. ~, Colonel Crook has beemi directed to re-enforce you by wa Page 204 204 OPE1~APIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. of Palestine and Andersons Ferry, if practicable; if not, by way of Gauley. Communicate your orders to him. I am much gratified with Ihe behavior of your trooI)s. Their excellent conduct deserves high praise. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. LEwIsnuRG, May 19, 1862. (Received 10 a. in.) Maj. Gen. JOHN C. Ffr~bONT: Having received reliable information that General ileth had carried all his stores to Buchanan by way of Covington and boat down James River and was taking them from thence to Bonsacks Station by wagons, that there was a force of about 500 North Carolina troops at Buchanall and about 600 men at Bonsackssome of the stores were being forwarded to Dublin Depotit seemed to be the impression among Heths men that it was the intention to push on a quantity of the stoics to Dublin Depot; keel) the line of the Tennessee road open in case lie desired to fall back toward Lynchburg. With the intention of captnring these stores, trans. portation, and troops, Colonel Crook moved down toward Jacksons River Depot with about 1,000 infantry and 350 cavalry and four mount- ain howitzers, intending to march rapidly to Buchanan and Bonsacks and return to Lewisl)urg by way of Fincastle and Sweet Springs. The route by way of Covington to Buchanan, though a greater (listance, was choseim partly because as we circulated a report that we were going to Staunton our destination would not be susI)ecte(l until we l)assed some 15 miles below Covington, and })artly because there was a rendezvous appointed some 8 miles below White Sulphur Springs for a number of Mountain Rangers. Reaching this rendezvous, we prepared an ambush with the infautry and sent the cavalry by another road to drive them in. They had, however, all retreated except their captain, Sprigg, a noted character, whom we cal)tured at Callaghans, in company with a few other bush whackers of less note. We l)assed through Covington without resistance, pushed on to the Depot, captured on the way down one of a l)arty of bushwhackers who fired at us as we passed, took imossession of the telegraph office at the Depot, and discovered that the provost-marsh al of Alleghany County had telegra~)hed to General Jackson at Staunton for two or three regi- ments, and was endeavoring to raise the militia of Grecubrier and Mon- roe. To use his own expression, The Greenbrier men had backed (10w-n, and there was a great I)revalence of Union sentiment. We also discovered that Jacksou had telegraphed that he would send a force dowii by way of Staunton and Floyd was to send two regiments by way of Sweet Springs. We deemed it prol)er, both to prevent an im- mediate advance from Staunton and to protect Lewisburg moie com- pletely, to destroy a railroad bridge some 10 miles out on the Central Railroad. Some prominent active secessionists of the county were arres ed, and a notice posted on the court-house in Covington warning all secessionists against maltreatment of Union men under penalty of punishment. A number of Union men came our in our rear. The effect of the movement has undoubtedly been excellent in that country, and will aid much in the future protection of Union men Page 205 CHAP. XXIV.] COERESPONDENCE, ETC .UNION. 205 Our brigade marched back to Callaghans, inten(ling to send our cav- alry down by way of Sweet Springs to Buchanan to effk~ct the origi- nal movement, but we were there met by a courier bearing an order from you to fall back to Ganley IRiver. On our entrance into Lewis- burg Colonel Crook received another dispatch, telling him to remain until further orders. Still another, ordering him down by Palestine road to re-enforce General Cox, which lie proceeded to do at daybreak. The move to Jacksons River Depot will undoubtedly cause much sI)eelllation among the rebels, and they would be for some time after receiving our exaggerated reports of our numbers, in great doubt as to our destination and object. 1 think in the movement toward Giles that I might be of great service by remaining, as a great portion of that country is personally known to inc and I can command the services of persons resident. Shall I remain or shall I report to you 6? General ileth is at or near Dublin with General Floyd, and the greater part of his forces are the militia from Alleghany ~nd the neigh- boring counties, whom he has forced from their homes against their I)rotests. E. J. ALLEN. QUARTERMASTER-GENERALS OFFICE, Washington, May 19, 1862 Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: SIR: I have received the telegraphic dispatch addressed to you by General Fr~mont in which he says that he is delayed for want of tramis- l)ortation, but that if you will send him at once and without delay 200 wagons, with the necessary horses, he will make up for lack of troops by celerity of movement and will ask for no re-enforcements. The army in the Department of Western Virginia was supplied last season with transportation at will. All the horses, mules, and wagons asked for were furnished it from the East or were authorized to pur- chase it West. The wear and tear was great during the active operations, and when requisitions were made to supply more horses and mules this spring you directed the Quartermaster-General to wait until General Fr6mont took command before ordering or authorizing large expenditures. The reports from Western Virginia, imperfect inasmuch as inexperi- enced officers fail to make them, show that in the quartermasters (Iel)artment, independent of artillery and cavalry horses, there were in February 3,413 horses and 1,857 mules, part of whichl,00() horses and 175 muleswere not fit for service. This would make about 883 teams, of 4 horses and 6 mules each, fit for duty. Since Gemmeral Fr6mnont assumed comumand the purchase of over 5,000 horses and mummies, to put the cavalry, artillery, amid transportatiomi of this army into aim efficient state, has beemi authorized on requisitions approved by him. This umakes a remount, by the best information in my possession, of one horse or male to every five soldiers in Western Virginia, which it really seems to the Quartermaster-General ought to be sufficiemit to fill up all losses amid re-establish time efficiency of the troops. If desired, I can order 200 wagomis to be purchased amm(l semit witimimi a few (lays to Western Virgimiia, amid authorize the chief (1uarterluaster of the departmnemit to l)urchasc 800 mimore horses or 1,200 more mules Page 206 206 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. but he has not yet succeeded in collecting the whole of the 5,000 already authorized, and there are none in this vicinity which can be sparcd froni the army operating against Richmond. Indeed, contracts are out to bring several thousand horses for the armies of the Potomac and ilappahaunock. I notice that General Schenck reported that in his advanced positiou he found all forage exhausted. This was, I pre- sume, one reason compelling a retrograde inoveni ci it. Multiplication of horses in these cafion-mountain regions iucreases the difficulty of operating. The cost of 200 wagons (lelivered at Wheeling will be above $24, 000; of 800 horses, $88,000; total, $112,000. I am, very res~)ectfully, your obedient servant M. C. MEIGS, Quartermaster- General. hEADQUARTERS l)ISTRLCT OF KANAWHA, Camp Flat Toj), May 19, 1862. Lieutenant-Colonel COLEMAN: Be very watchful ou the Wyoming side. Call in your forces an(l prepare to hold your position stubbornly. Spare 110 i)ains to get infor- mation and keep inc advised. Heavy (leInonstratiolls in that direction make me withdraw to Flat Top. If needful I will send a regiment back to Raleigh. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF KANAWHA, Camp Flat Top, May 19, 1862. Col. J. A. J. LIGHTBURN, Charleston: The detachment should be kept at Chapmanville, if possible. I will try to get extra teams for them. The old arrangciuent should be kept ii~. I know of no reason for changing it. Make the l)eople of the Guyandotte Valley feel your presence and power. I have retired to this I)lace simply because I found niy lines of communications were at the mercy of the enemy, being intersectc(1 by roads flanking us in every direction, and we could not protect our trains without reduciiig the army by detachments. The rebels under Marshall took Princetoii from a detachment of four companies. When I found the cneiuy were push- ing in forces I went to the front and brought back Moors brigade and (lrovc them out. I then concetitrated all my force, and inasmuch as the enemy was stronger thami we expected, having been largely re- enforced, as is rel)orted froiu East Virginia, I coiicliided to conic here, where we can reach Packs Ferry road, Raleigh, & c. I am very anxious to protect tile Guyandotte Valley and not allow bushwhiackers to harbor there. Do not let facts be known which may go to the enemy to interfere with our operations, but see also that ridiculous stories about our movements are flatly contradicted. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General Page 207 CITAL. XXLV.1 CORRESI~ONDJLNCE, ETC.UNLON. 207 ChARLESTON, 19th [May, 1862]. General JACOB D. Cox: Your (lispatch received. I sent the companies you ordered to Cal- houn. General Kelley ordered theni to reinaiu at Spencer, Roane County, leaving me with parts of three comI)anies here. When I heard of your difficulties I telegraphed General Fr6moiit, who directed me to concentrate at Gauley. I consequently ordered Colonel Russell to the Kanawha River. I suppose he is on his way now. I talked with Gen- cml Kelley last night at Weston, asking for re-enfi)rcemellts. He told inc he had ordered my detachment front Spencer to rel)ort here. One company of Ninth Virginia is at Point Pleasant, one at Coals- mouth, two with the detachments at Calhoun, and the remainder at Ganley. Colonel Richmond I ordered to Coalsmouth, but afterward to oppo- site Camp Piatt, as scouts, oiie piece of artillery attached to Ninth at Piatt, the other at Gauley Bridge. Schambecks cavalry at Ganley; Gilmore not heard from. Shall I or(ler Colonel Russell back to Chapmanville ~ If so, I must have more teams. Any orders shall be l)romptly obeyed. Great anxiety for your welfare. J. A. J. LIGHTBURN, Colonel, Commanding Fourth Brigade. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 20, 1862. (Received 5.1() p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: The enemy still in front of us as before. I am informed, by what is said to be reliable authority, that all the forces they have had at Ash- land, 15 miles this side of Richmond, have joined Cobbs Legion of Georgia troops, as I this minute learn from a (leserter. The railroad is now in working order from Aqnia to Fredericksburg, the track being finished across the bridge over the Rappahannock last night at 9 oclock. We are deficient in stock for the road, and need cars and locomotives. I I)resulne both are on the way here. General Shields reports himself this morning at Catletts. He cannot, therefore, be here before to-morrow nightpossibly not before the day after. We are working hard, and are rapidly getting things in shape for active opera- ations. IRVIN McDOWELL, Miajor- General, Comdg. Department of Rappahannocic. CATLETT$, May 20, 1862. (Received 5.55 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Everything ready to take our departure for Fredericksburg to-mor. row morning at 6 a. m. Requisitions have been made for ammunition, shoes, & c., to meet ns there. Our command in excellent health and spirits. Did not lose a single man or a single article of property on th Page 208 208 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., ANI) MD. [CHAr. XXIV. a 1~ovolrv for no1inng. propose c~xe route. First Viroini ~ good ~ to 1~ it iii camp of instruction here. There are eight companies of First Vir- ginia Cavalry. Will you allow me to take eight companies Rhode Island Cavaliy, under General Duryea, now here, in their place. General Dur- yea has here 4,000 good troops. Fifteen hundred are ample hereI ,000 infantry, 500 cavalry, and two guns. I respectfully propose that 2,500 of these, under General Duryea, be added to my command. They are all very anxious to come. They need a few wagons from Alexandria. Plenty of everythiiig else here to fit them out. If I could have an able assistant adjutant-general sent inc it would aid me very much. At present I have to (10 all the work, having none. An experienced Ameri- can officer would be the best. 1 cannot express my gratitude for the attention given to my brave troops. We will repay it by good service. I have the honor to be, sincerely and respectfully, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, & e. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 20, 18627.20 p. m. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, Catlctts Station: Apply to General McDowell for authority to make the arrangement you ask. This IJepartmneut cannot dispose of troops in the field except throuh the coiiiiuaiiding general. I am glad to hear of the good con- (litioll of your troops, all(l hope you will lose no time in getting in front of the enemy. I expect to hear a good report of you. EDWIN N. STANTON, Secretary of War. CATLETTS May 20, 1862. Col. E. SCITRIVER, Chief of Staff: Au officer has conic here to-day arid inspected ammunition; condemns it. Requisitions have been sent to Washington for 200 rounds per gun for artillery and 200 rounds per man for small-arms; also for shoes and stockings, caps and shelter tents, to meet us at Fredericksburg. Shoes and nails have arrived. I have been shoeing horses since my arrival here. I~leuty of forage and subsistence have been forwarded here on our ar- rival. My thanks to the general commanding for his prompt attention to our wants. (Jan take ou~ departure to-morrow at 6 a. m. Will be at Fredericksburg next day. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. MOUNTAIN DEPT., HEADQUARTERS IN THE FIELD Franklin, May 20, 1862. Major-General BANKS, Strasburg: Jackson has passed the Shenandoah Mountain, and is reported going toward your front. J. C. FR]~MONT, Major. General, Cornmandin~ Page 209 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IJNJON. 209 No. 4.] FLAT Top, May 20, 1862. (Received 10 a. in.) Col. ALBERT TRACY: Have fixed my camp here, where I have direct road to Packs Ferry, as well as Princetoii, an(l have a very strong position; camp entirely hiddeii, and yet our pickets comnlan(l a view ot 30 miles circuit. Have intbrmation that the portion of rebel forces which t.ook the Wyoming r~ ad ilrlle(l oft in McDowell County to Tazewell Court-House. Have no news of others coming beyond Princeton. Colonel Crook has no traiis- portation to move forward from Lewisburg at present. Have parties out to Packs Ferry and Richmond Ferry, on Wyoming road, from iRa- leigh and to the front. Will soon know the condition of things. The road from Raleigh to Pearisburg by way of Packs Ferry is 20 miles shorter than by Princeton. I will have a boat put there and try to open communication with Crook. Learn from inhabitants that the rebels boasted they could have re- enforcement of 10,000 men at Newbern in six hours at any time. They have stripped the country of forage as far as we have examiiied or heard definitely from it. Our animals get only one feed per day. It the rebels of Guvandotte endeavor to trouble us I will send force enough to disperse them, but I think their plans are disconcerted, and that they will not take the aggressive. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. LEWJSBURG, May 20, 1862. (Received 11 a. in.) Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR1~MONT: A courier brought your order to me at Callaghans, in the Alleghany Pass. I immediately marched back to Lewisburg, and while pre~x~ring to obey the order received a telegram from General Cox, urging me to protect my right from a threatened demonstration by General Floyd by way of Blue Sulphur. Should we not leave Lewisbnrg it will be of no use to have any small force here, and we cannot spare a large force. If we fall back to Gauley we open up the whole line, while by remaining here and posting heavy cavalry pickets at Allisons Ferry and upon the old road which comes into the Kanawha pike at Mountain Cave we can get full notice of all movements, and could, by keeping our couriers on the road to Gauley, co-operate with General Cox in any mnovememit made. By making this point headquarters we could at any time co-operate with General Cox across the country, while our whole force at Lewisburg would be comparatively safe, as it would not be considered an abandon- ment of the place as a fall back upon Ganley ~vould be. As we will be compelled to remain here a short time to arrange our transportation, which is very scanty, I shall have timne to receive your answer. Please answer at once. GEORGE CROOK, Colonel, Commanding Brigade. GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF KANAWHA, No. 16. f Camp at Flat Top, May 20, 1862. The general conmmnandimmg the division takes l)leasure imi ammouncing to the troops of the distlict that their conduct thus flu during the open- IA R RVOL XII, PT II Page 210 210 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. ing of ~ring campaign has not only met his own approbation; but has received the emphatic approval and praise of Major-General Fr6. mont, commander of the department, in a dispatch just received. INlajor- General FrPmont renews the expression of his gratification at the con- duct of officers and men of this command in the advances npon Lewis- burg, Pearisburg, and Princeton, in the several combats upon these lines, and in the marches and counter-marches necessary to carry out the general purpose and plan of the campaign. The general commanding the division thinks this a fit time to remind the troops by eager and determined effort to perfect themselves in every duty of the soldier; their efficiency will be greatly increased, the move- ments of the division become more and more rapid and successful, and while the country reaps the benefit of our labors honor and glory will be reaped by the whole command. He confidently looks for cheerful co-operation on the part of every individu~al in the army. By order J. D. (Jox, brigadier-general commanding: G. W. BASCOM, Gaptain and Assistant Adjutant- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 112. f Washington, May 20, 1862. * * * * * * * VI. Brig. Gen. E. B. Tyler, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to duty in the division of Brigadier-General Shields, Department of the Rappahan- nock, and will report in person accordingly. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. ThOMAS, Adjutant- General. Abstract from Return of the Middle Department, AIaj. Gen. John A. Dix commanding, for May 20, 1862. Present for -~ - duty. ~ a Command. -~ ~ a a -~ ~ 0~ Q a,~ ~ . a to a ~ t~ -s 0 ~ ~ Department Headquarters, Baltimore, Md 22 3 25 25 Annapolis, Md . 37 712 784 802 Baltimore, Md - - - . 146 2, 387 2, 839 3, 262 Coopers brigade* 125 2, 996 3, 472 3, 700 6 Drummondtown, Va 33 655 781 799 Fort Delaware, Del 15 318 389 372 Fort Mdllenry, Md. 28 662 784 840 Franktown, Va 3 82 90 I 95 Philadelphia, Pa 2 1 3 3 Railroad Brigade I 09 1, 594 1, 736 1, 892 . Total 480 9, 410 10, 883 11, 790 6 * Cockeysville, uavre (10 Grace, McKinfs mansion, and Mount Clare. I Camp Miles, Ellicotts Mills, and Monocacy Bridge. Page 211 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 211 Abstract from. Ref a ra of (1w Railroad Brigade, Middle Dg}artrnent, Col. Dixon S. Miles, Second U. S. Infantry, commanding, for May 20, 1862. Present for ~ duty. a a. a .,--~ Command. o ~ ci ci a Si) SIJ2 a a~ ~. ~.cU ~c SD ____________ o ~ Harpers Ferry, W. Va. (headquarters) --- -~ ~ Winchester, Va . - 35 921 939 Charlestown, Va 30 672 755 833 SirJohns Run, W. Va. 35 853 908 927 Opposite XX ilhamsl)ort 7 194 218 268 Relay House, Rd . 34 852 925 938 Beltsville, Mo - . 28 384 454 592 Liheotis Mills, Md 3 97 103 103 Monocacy Bridge, Md 32 648 706 847 Total 207 4, 543 4, 993 5, 360 COMPOSITION OF RAILROAD BRIGADE, MAY 20, 1862. 1st District Columhia, Col. J. A. Tait. Pat aleen (Md.) Guards, Capt. T. S. McGowan. 10th Maine, Col. G. L. Beal. 60th New ~ork, Col. W. B. Goodrich. lit Marylan(l (P. 11. B),Col. W. P. Manishy. Sill New York Cavalry, Limit. Col. C. H. Bab- 4th Maryland (P. H. 13.), (three companies), Capt. ldtt. C. A. Welsh. 54th Pennsylvania, CoL J. M. Campbell. 1st Maryland Cavalry (P. H. B.), (one company), Capt. H. A. Cole. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK Opposite Fredericksburg, May 21, 1862. Hon. F. M. STANTON, Secretary of Tl~ar: Nothing of Sl)eCial illterest to-day. The enemy CoIltillues as before. if the day has not been too hot for his men to marCh well, General Shields should be here toiuorrow night. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major. General, Commanding Department. UDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksbnrg, Va., May 21, 1862. Brigadier-General PATRICK, Commanding Briqade in Fredericksburg: GENERAL: Yesterday an attempt was nla(le by a man in a crowd which assembled near a traill passing over the railroa(1 bridge to throw it from the track all(l he eluded al)1)rehleltsiou by running illtO the crowd. The major-general directs that you immediately Call upon the mayor of Fredericksburg and inform him that if another attetnpt of the kind is Hade an indiscriminate fire will be directed against the source whence the attempt comes. Therefore full and fair warning must be given to all the inhabitants not to assemble in the viciHity of our railroad sta- tions, depots, or tracks, if they would avoid the chances of suff~ring from any recurrence of the kind above alluded to. Very respectftnlly, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRJYER, Lieutenant-Colonel and Chief of s~taff Page 212 212 OPEi~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. CLARKSBURQ VA., May 21, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Asst. Adjt. (len., Franklin, Va.: COLONEL: liiclosed you will find copy of a letter directed to inc from Col. J. C. Ilathbone, dated at Spencer, Iloane County, Virginia, the 18th instant * iiiclo~iii~ a ineinoraiidnin of an agreement between huinseif, as corn inandant of the Federal forces at that place, aimd Capt. George Downs, commanding the Confederate State Itangers, for a cessation of hostili. ties for eight (lays. You will also find ii copy of my reply to Colonel 1lathboue, dated at Weston, Lewis County, Virginia, the 19th instant. I presume that Colonel iRathbone was led to coimnit time mistake through the advice of Judge Brown, who is holding the circuit court at Spencer at this time for the coumity of Roane, as I find the contract between him and Captain Downs is in the handwriting of Judge Brown. I trust that my reply to Colonel Rathbone will be approved by the general, as it is the opinion of most of the leadimig Union men residing in the neighboring counties that such a course is our best policy. It is the course we have invariably adopted heretofore in all the coumities we have re-established the civil courts and won time l)eoPle back to their true allegiance. As I advised you this morning by telegraph, I am J)er- feetly satisfied that a large majority of men accomupanyimig Downs will be glad to avail themselves of the opportunty to desert him and return to their homes and families and become quiet and loyal citizens. The population of the counties of Itoane, Gilmer, Braxton, Webster, and Calhoun is very sparse, and only one remove above the savage, many of whom cannot read. Judge Jackson and Auditor Bennett had poisoned the minds of these people by public speeches delivered in these counties, in which they made this poor, ignorant population believe that secession was pure, unadulterated democracy. I will await here a few days in order to be fully advised of the move- ments of Colonel IRathbone. Please communicate with inc at this place. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier-Ueneral. [Inomosures.] It is agreed by amid between Col. J. C. Itathbone, commanding United States forces iim Itoane and Calhoun an(l adjacent coimmmties, and Capt. George Downs, commanding Confederate forces in sai(1 counties, that all hostilities shall cease between them and their respective forces in said counties for and during the space of eight days from this date and each l)arty is to preserve the peace and good order of the community in the mean time. And if this truce between the parties aml(l their respect- ive forces shall continue longer thami the time specified the parties shall give each other notice thereof, ratified and approved by General Kelley, commanding United States forces in the Railroad District, without whose consent and ratificatiomi no continuance of this truce shall be had unless by the mutual agreement of the parties hereto, which notice shall be given at the dwelling-house of William Starcher, in Calhoun County, Virginia. Given under our hands this 18th day of May, 1862, at Spencer, in Itoane County. J. C. RATIIBONE, Colonel Eleventh Virginia Infantry. GEORGE DOWNS, Corn manding Confederate & ate8 Rangers. Not found Page 213 CHAP. XXIV.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 213 WESTON, LEWIS COUNTY VA 7 .7 May 19, 1862. Col. .1. C. IIATHBONE, Eleventh Virginia Regiment, Comdg. Forces at Spencer: Yo [ir communication inclosing memorandum of an agreement entered into between yourself and Capt. George l)owns, commanding the Con- federate States Rangers, has just been received. I most unqualifiedly disapprove of the whole arrangement. Youi will at once give notice that the armistice is revoked, and that the only terms that will be entered into with Captain Downs and his men is that. if they will return to their homes and families, and in good faith lay down their arms and take the oath of allegiance to support the Govern- ment of the United States as established by our flhthers, and the gov- ernment of Viiginia as reorganized, that then you will protect theni in their I)C~5Ofl5 and property, they, of course, being at all times subject to obey any and all proceedings of the civil courts, whether State or Federal. If they refuse to do this you will move at once on them and kill or cal)ture their whole force if possible. Yours, & c., B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. No. 5~ FLAT Top, May 21, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, (Received May 23, 1862, 11 a. in.) A ssistant Adjutant- General, Fra.~~1~lin: My conjecture of the enemys movement proves true. They have not a(lvance(l beyond Princeton, but divided the force, so as to watch the Kemitneky line and the direction of Monroe County as well as this direc- tiomi. I have a party at Packs Ferry examining the chances of co-operating with Colonel Crook by that line. Crook had made a dash at Coving- ton and Jackson Station; found the force gone to Kewbern from there; destroyed some railroad bridges, took some stores, and returned safely to Lewisburg. All the troops this side of Staunton had been sent down to my front. I have ordered him to remain at Lewisbnrg, and propose to co-operate with me [him] as soon as I can prepare to advance again. 1 can take care of myself here against the whole of the enemys force, l)ut, as already state(l, 5110111(1 have strong Ilost behind in case of advane- mug. The receipt auu(l organization of the new transportation at Ganley Bridge progresses with desperate slowness. J.D. COX, Brigadier- General. OPPOSITE FREDERICKSBURG, lou. E. M. STANTON: May 22, 1862. Major-General Shields command has arrive(1 here. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General Page 214 214 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE HAPPAHANNOCK, ]Jliay 22, 1862. Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. McCLELLAN, Commanding Army of the Potomac, White House, Va.: I have rec~eived the orders of the President to move with the army under my command and co-operate with yours in the reduction of Rich- inond, and also a copy of his instructions to you in relation to that co-operation. Major-General Shields will join me to-day. As soon as the necessary preparations for the march can be completed, which I think will be by the 24th instant, we shall set forth in the general (lirection ordered. There is in front of us to impede our advance the secession army of the Rappahannock, so called, under the command of Joseph R. Anderson, of the Tredegar Iron Works. His force is from 12,000 to 15,000 men, mostly South Carolina and Georgia troops. We should engage this force on our first days march, as they are now within from 6 to 8 miles of us, posted on and to the right and left of the Fredericksburg and Richmond Railroad, and in a position of consider- able strength. It is my purpose to try aimd turn their position by throw- ing a force on their left flank and cut off their opportunity of receiving any re-enforcements from the direction of Gordonsville, and at the same time endeavor to save the railroad J3ridges. If this cami be done, another channel of supplies can be had for the forces going against Richmond that cannot fail giving a great relief to the quartermaster and commis- sary departments of your army, amid thus facilitate your operations. We cannot rely on this at first, because they now occupy the line, and I am told are hirepared to destroy the bridges if they are forced to fall back. I beg to ask to what extent can I rely on co-operation from you in my present movement, in the way of your cutting off the retreat of the enemy upon Richmond, where they would add 12,000 to the forces against you, and in saving the railroad bridge across the Painunkey, and to what point on the Pamnunkey can you extend your right to join me, and to what point can you cause snpphies to be place(l for my com- mnand, and by what date caii I count on findino theni ready for me? I shall require subsistence for 38,000 men and forage for 11,000 animals. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 22, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Washington: Your message to General McDowell is just received. He being ab- sent I reply to inform you that your first message, being in cipher, was not legible by the ordinary operators. An engine and hand car coimid be sent from Aquia to Fredericksburg, and I know no reason why Gen- eral McDowell could not be present at a confbrence at any hour name(l. I have sent your message to him meanwhile. ED. SCIIRIVER, Chief of StatJ Page 215 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 215 XVAR 1)EPARTMENT, hay 23, 186211.30 p. m. Ceneral MCDOWELL: General Banks dispatch informs you that the guard (First Maryland) at Front Royal has been forced back on Middletown General (icarys, that the railroad is threatened. Colonel McCallum has l)een directed to have his means of transporta~ tion ready iii the morning; General Dnryea to prepare a reojuient to l)e ready to move to Thorouglit~ire Gal) with rations if ordered Gen- eral Dix to collect transportation to re-eiforce Shenandoah, via liar- pers Ferry and Winchester, to hold his spare force in readiness to move, and to report how much lie can spare; General Wads~vortli to l)e ready to move. No movement to be actually made until arrival of the Secre- tary of War. He gives the order. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary qf War. RECTORTOWN, May 23, 1862. (Received 9.50 J). in.) Hon. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: Sin: We have heard firing since 1.30 this afternoon from the di- rection of Strasbnrg, and ap])arently between that place ami the river, as imear as I can judge. Our coinniunication l)y telegraph is cut oft both ~vith Strasburg and Front Royal at some point near the latter I)lace. There are still bodies of rebel cavalry south of lI5~ and I have no (loul)t they are snpporte(1 by infantry, if my position be attacked, I will hold it to the last extremity. Respeettully, JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. RECTORTOWN, May 23, 1862. (Received 10 p. in.) Hon. P. 11. Y\ATSON, Assistant secretary of IVar: We have information that the enemy design attacking various points of this ioad in large bodies, and that they inten(I to atteml)t to seize Thoronghfare Gal) and hold it. It is a very strong point also for the l)L1rl)os(~ of cutting off the retreat of the troops now upon this line. I thimik that l)oint should be strongly re-enforced without delay. If it be found they will not be needed they can be readily withdrawn. I will keep you advised. JNO. W. GEAlIY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WAn DEPARTMENT, May 23 186210.15. Brig. Gen. JOhN W. GEARY, Reetortown, Va.: The Secretary of War not in town. Can you make any movement in time to aid General Banks, either with or without re-enforcements ~l P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War Page 216 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. 216 RECTORTOWN, May 23, 1862. (Received 12 p. in.) P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: The infantry forces under my command, consisting only of the Twenty- eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, are posted at Hay Market, Thorough- fare, Plains, Salem, Rectortown, Piedmont, Markham, and thence toward Linden, and each (letachment is positively and essentially needed at its post, as they are guarding ten intermediate bridges. My lines are threatened by guerrilla bodies south of me, and I am informed they are in possession of Chester and Thorntons Gaps, with other passes in the mountains, and also Dismal Hollow, between Linden and Happy Creek, where a small force could repel a large body of troops with suc- cess. I could not send re-enforcements without deserting the posts I am now guarding with but indifferent strength, and which should be sufficient to repel the enemy in the mountains. Oiie section of my bat- tery is already at Front Royal, and the balance of it cannot be dispensed with at these headquarters, where the stores and property of the com- mand are kept. The balance of my commanda battalion of the First Michigan Cavalryis in pressing use in patrolling south of the road. If re-enforcements are sent I will make the most practicable use of them in repelling the enemy and aiding General Banks, if possible. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON May 23, 1862. Majo-General MCDOWELL: Geary is attacked and worsted at Front Royal. Banks seriously threatened. I think that when the Secretary arrives he will order in that direction all that can be spared from this command. JAS. S. WADSWORTH. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 23, 186211 p. m. General DIX, Baltimore: Our forces at Front Royal have been attacked and compelled to fall back upon Middletown. General Banks asks for re-enforceinents. Have railroad transportation l)repare(l to move at the earliest moment all that you can spare. Report what force you can send to his assist- ance an(l when it can start. Do not moyc it until further orders. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 23, 186211.30 p. in. Brigadier-General DuRYEA, Catletts Station:. Be l)repared to move a regiment to occupy Thoroughfare Gap in the morning. Whatever cars an(l engines are near you an(l ilee(led for this purpose should be retained. The men to carry rations in their have Page 217 CHAP. XXIVI CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.tTNION. 217 sacks. The enemy is threatening the railroad anti has attacked and driven off the guard at Front Royal. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HARPERs FERRY, May 23, 1862. (Received May 24, 12.5 a. in.) LORENZO THOMAS, Adjutant-General, or Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Banks has requeste(l me to bring all the troops I can to Strasburg. 1 have ordered six coml)anies Sixtieth New York, four companies First District Regiment, six companies [First] Maryland 1~otomuac Home Brigade, and that the president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad will send troops to me to exclusion of freight. The gem eral imiforms me a large force is marching on him from Front Royal. D. S. MILES, Colonel, Commanding Railroad Brigade. No. 6.] FLAT Top, May 23, 1862. (Received 11 a. in.) Colonel TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General The enemy in tron t have fallen back to line of East River and Rocky Gap, occupying nearly the same position as before Marshall marched omi Princeton. Unless my force is increased, a forward movement from here before the rest of the army approaches from the north will be lia- ble to the same difficulty of intercepted communication. Marshall made 70 miles by forced marches to join Heth. I am ex- amining the feasibility of going by Packs Ferry, joining Crook at Union, and moving on Christiansburg and Newbern. The keeping up of supplies and forage is the grand difficulty. Of course it would leave the line unguarded and would be a hazardous movement, but brilliant if successful. There is no danger of the rebels attacking me here. They have an outpost of a few companies at Princeton. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. FLAT Top, May 23, 1862. Col. GEORGE CROOK, Commanding Third Brigade, Lewisburg: Let me know what success you have in getting supplies. The intol- erable slowness of the organization of transportation at Gauley Bridge has prevented the aid going to you which has been ordered. So far as I can learn, the whole rebel force from Covington to Cumberland Gal) is now between New River and Tazewell Court-House. Try to keep nie immtbrmned of everything you learn about them. As soon as l)rac- ticable 1 shall arrange a combiimed movement, of which you will be notified Page 218 218 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. The ford at Packs Ferry was too high for crossing yesterday. How far is it from you ~i McClellan is within 8 miles of ltichIflOl(l. Move- ments promise well in the Southwest. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 115. Washington, May 23, 1862. * * * * * * * JV. Brig. (len. Abraham S. Piatt, U. S. Volnuteers, is assigned to duty iii the Mountain Department, and will report iii person to Major- General Fr~mont. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. ThOMAS, Adjutant- General. NAVY DEPARTMENT, May 24, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: SIR: I have received your note of this date* ill reference to the Presi- dents order of Sunday last relative to the gunboats on the Ilappahan- iiock. The President desired that one vessel should be sent to Freder- icksbnrg to defend the bridge there. Captain Wyman, commanding the flotilla., was here this morning, and reports one vessel stationed as directed and two or three others below plying up and down the river. Captain Wyman leaves this afternoon for the flotilla, and I beg leave to ask if any arrangement difibrent from the above is (lesired. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant G. V. FOX, Assistant Secretary. WAR 1)EPARTMENT, Washin.qton City, D. C., May 24, 1862. Hon. G. V. Fox, Assistant Secretary of the Navy: SIR: I am directed by the Secretary of War to acknowledge the re- ceipt of your communication of this date, and to inform you in rel)ly that the arrangement of the gunboats on the Itappaliannock as therein stated is entirely satisfactory to this Department. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. Not found Page 219 ChAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 219 WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 186211.12 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Falmouth: In view of the operations of the enemy on the line of General Banks the President thinks the whole force you designed to move from Fredericksburg should not be taken away, and he therefore directs that one brigade in addition to what you designed to leave at Fredericks- burg should be left there; this brigade to be the least eftbctive of your command. EI)WJN M. STANTON. IIDQRs. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAILANNOCK, Palmouth, May 24, 1862. (Received 1 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Yonr order to leave an additional brigade at Fredericksburg has been received. Shields ammunition has been landed and will be up this afternoon or evening. The enemy, attracted by the movement of our trool)s yester(lay, drew in his right to the railroad which he seemed to judge was to be the road we were to takeled, no (10 nbt, to think so from the cheering and display on the hill-side beyond the town when the President and yourself visited General Patricks brigade.* IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18625 ~ m. Major-General McDOwELL, Fredericksburg: General Frdmont has been ordered by telegraph to move from Frank- lin on llarrisonburg to relieve General Banks, and cal)ture or destroy Jacksons and Ewehls forces. You are instructed, laying aside for the present the movement on Richmond, to l)ut 20,000 men in motion at once for the Shenandoah, moving on the line or in advance of the line of the Manassas Gap Rail- roa(l. Your object will be to cal)tllre the forces of Jackson and Ewell either in co-operation with General Fr~inont or, in case want of sup- plies or of transl)ortatioLl interferes with his umovements, it is believed that the force with which you move will be suflicient to accomplish this object alone. The infbrmation thus far received here makes it probable that if the enemy operate actively against General Banks you will not be able to count 111)011 much assistance from him, but may even have to release him. Reports received this moment are that Banks is fighting with Ewell S miles from Winchester. A. LINCOLN. [hidorsernent.] Order General Shields to take up his line of march to-morrow for Catlett.s. 1. MoD. Portioii of this dispatch relating to prisoners of war here omitted to appear in Series II Page 220 220 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18625.3 p. in. Major-General MCDOWELL, Fredericksburg: Governor Chase is just starting to see you and explain the groun(ls of the Presidents order, and to urge its immediate execution. He will reach Aqnia at 12 oclock to-night. Meet him there, and have trans- portation for him to your headquarters. EDWiN M. STANTON. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 24, 1862. (Received 6 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: The Presidents order has been received and is in process of exeen- tiou. This is a crushing blow to us. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. C., May 24, 18628 p. iii. Major-General MCDOWELL: I am highly gratified by your alacrity in obeying my order. The change was as painful to me as it can possibly be to you or to any one. Everything now depends iipoii the celerity and vigor of your move- mnent. A. LINCOLN. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE lIAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 24, 1862. (Received 9.30 p. in.) His Excellency the PRESIDENT: I obeyed your order immediately, for it was positive and urgent, and perhaps as a subordinate there I ought to stop; but I trust I may be allowed to say something in relation to the subject, especially in view of your remark that everything now depends npon the celerity and vigor of my movements. I beg to say that co-operation between Gen- eral Fr~mont aud myself to cut Jackson and Ewell there is not to be counted upon, even if it is not a practical impossibility. Next, that 1 am entirely beyond helping distance of General Banks; no celerity or vigor will avail so far as lie is concerned. Next, that by a glance at the map it will be seen that the line of retreat of the enemys forces up the valley is shorter than mine to go against him. It will take a week or ten days for tIme force to get to the valley by the route which will give it food and forage. and by that time the enemy will have retired. I shall gain nothing for you there, and shall lose much for you here. It is therefore not only on personal grounds that I have a heavy heart in the matter, but that I feel it throws us all back ,and from Richmond north we shall h~ix~e all our large masses paralyzed, and shall have to repeat what we have just accomplished. I hav Page 221 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 221 ordered General Shields to commence the movement by to-morrow morning. A secoll(l (livision will follow in the afteriioon. Did I un- dcrstaiid you aright, that you wishod that 1 personally should accom- pany this exl)editiou ~ I hope to see Governor Chase to-night and express niyself more fully to him. Very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. (Copy to Secretary of War.) HEADQUARTERS DEPART~NT, May 24, 1862. Brigadier-General WADSWORTH: If the Secretary desires to send any of l)uryeas command to help General Banks, I think it would be well to have him take his post at Bristoc. He will have less railroad to gu~~rd, less liable to be troubled by accidents to railroad, and in better position thait at Catletts. I trust the accounts to be received of the attack on Front Royal may prove exaggerated. Did they have any block-houses i IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, May 24, 1862. Brig. Gen. JAMES S. WADSWORTH: it is idle to think of taking any force from this point to go after any force which may be supposed to be in Banks rear. If they are not there, it will be of no use; if they are really in his i-ear, nothing from here can get there in time to afford him any help. Where is Blenker ~? It is from that direction the re-enforcemeuts should come. I do not think my force will bear any further paring down. Try and get over the flutter into which this body (which has been gathering in the mountains, which has grown so su(ldenly to 5,000 men) seems to have thrown every one. If the enemy can succeed so readily iii disconcerting all our plans by alarming us first at one point, then at another, he will paralyze a large force with a very small omie. The chances are ten to one the regiment at Front Royal had no guard, no vigilance, and made no fight; the posi- tion is such that with ordinary precautions it should not so suddenly have been put to flight. I beg I may miot be further disorganized, and I trust you will do what you can to sustain me and quiet the cry of dan- ger to General Banks. General Shields says the same cry was constantly heard when he was over therethat large numbersof thousandsof the enemy always coming upon them. IRVIN McDOWELL, [Major- General.J HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, Va., May 24, 1862. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, Commanding Division: GENERAL: Major-General McDowell directs that you take up you Page 222 222 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP XXIV. line of march with the divisioii under your couiiuand to (Datletts, com- mencing the movement to-morrow morning. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHIUVER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS. DEPT. OF THE itAPPAHANNOCK, No. 16. Opposite Fredericksbarg, May 24, 1862. All tents, other than shelter-tents, now iii possession of the regiments, except four wall-tents to be allowed to each regiment for the field and staff, and a hospital-tent for the sick with the regiment, are to be turned over to Captain Lacey, quartermaster of the depot. All baggage, except that indispensably necessary, is to be marked and disposed of in the same manner by 10 oclock a. m. on the 25th instant. By command of Major-General McDowell: SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS I)lVISION, May 24, 1862. (Received 3 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: With the permission of the general commanding I beg leave to make the following suggestions: If Jackson and Ewell have moved against Banks they have placed themseh-esin a position to be caught by Milroy, Blenker, and Schenek. If the troops of the Mountain Department are not now in I)osition to throw themselves into the valley of the Shenan- doah and cut them oft; they must have changed their direction. They have but one thing to do: Cross to Waynesborough, seize Charlottes- ville, and destroy the railroad; then with one body and another follow the turnpike to Strasburg, and the enemy will be caught. I know that department. If I knew a few facts I can divine the rest. Is Front Royal in the hands of the enemy? Do the cars still run on the Manas- sas Junction road? Do the wires still stand on the line to Strasburg? Is the bridge burned at Front Royal? If all this has taken place there is some force of the enemy there. If not~it is a panic; but in my opin- ion, in ally event, no help would reach them in time from here, and a panic there ought not to paralyze this movement just now preI)ared on the eve of execution. I am ordered to leave one brigade here already. Any more would make this command unfit for any great movement. Banks has enough of troops, if well handled, to (lefend himself against every- thing that can by any possibility be in the valley of the Shenandoah. JAS. SHLEL1)S, Major-General, Commanding Division. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18626.50. Major-General DIX: Please send all the force you can spare, to re-enforce Banks, 51)eCdily as possible. EDWIN M. STANTON Page 223 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 223 General LORENZO THOMAS, BALTIMORE, ]Jfay 24, 1862. Adj~aant- General: I ordered General Cooper at 1 oclock this morning to be ready to move with two regiments. I shall send them off immediately. I will en- deavor to send another regiment. JOHN A. DIX. Major- General. RECTORTOWN, May 24, 1862. Hon. E. M. STNNTON: (Received 6.50 a. in.) A messenger from Linden reports the rebels in position off Frotit Royal with 7,000, under Ewell and Loring; that Kenly, with what re- mained of his badly cut-np regiment, had fallen back 2~ miles toward Strasburg. The guards between Linden and Markham being greatly exposed, I have ordered them to fall back on the latter place. Respectfully, JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Near Rectortown, May 24, 1862. (Received 9.40 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STAT~TON, Secretary of War: Telegraph of this morning received. Considerable bodies of the enemy are moving through the mountain passes, threatening my advanced pickets at Linden, Markham, and Piedmont. From appearances I think the enemy are hastening up the west side of the Blne [Ridge] Mountains to seize Ashbys Gap. That will give them control of the roads north of me. I am also informed that considerable force is south of me, but have not yet learned its location. In view of these circumstances I have ordered the pickets at the above-named places to report here. If pressed by superior forces I may fall back to White Plains, in order to concentrate my whole command to act in conjnnction with the re-enforce. ments of which you advise me. I will send my sick and stores in the direction of Thoroughfare Gap, that I may not be encumbered if attacked. JNO. W. GEAIRY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. (Copy to Brigadier-General Wadsworth, military governor.) RECTORTOWN, May 24, 1862. (Received 11.15 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I am reliably informed that the enemy are approaching from Front Royal with cavalry, infantry, and artillery. Will you favor me with a knowledge of the condition of affairs at Strasburg and vicinity? It will assist me in determining what should be done on this side. Mr. De Page 224 224 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChIAP. XXIV. ereux has just telegraphed me that six trains are loaded for Front Royal. He does not state for what 1)Hrpose. JNO. W. GEAItY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. RECTORTOWN, May 24, 1862. (Received 1.50 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Thanks for copies of General Banks dispatches. The force described by the general is Ewells division, consisting of ten regiments, com- manded by Brigadier-Generals Taylor, Elzey, and Trimble; Greens and Munfords regiments of cavalry; three batteries, of four pieces each; making an aggregate of over 7,500 men. General Jackson is reported to have 7,000 men on the west side of the Shenandoah. I deem this information reliable. From a refugee I learn that a large number of troops are being sent into Albemnarle County to sustain this movement of Ewell and Jackson. I still have rumors of a large force south of me. Yesterday I had sconts within 3 miles of Flint Hill, who report troops at that place. A portion of this information may be useful to General Banks. The enemy is in possession of at least 10 miles of this road. I have scouts out in all directions, and the enemys pickets are visible on the nortwest and south. I will keep you advised. JNO. W. GEARY Brigadier- General, Commanding. RECTORTOWN, May 24, 1862. (Received 3.20 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Finding that bodies of the enemy are moving north of me and others in the south, to cut me off on the flanking road, I have ordered my command back to White Plains, a distance of 10 milesonly practi- cable method of preventing them and securing a position I shall be enabled to hold. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. (Same to Brigadier-General Wadsworth.) WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18628.40 p. m. General GEARY, White Plains: The reports from Banks show that he has probably secured himself by falling back upon Winchester. IRe-enforcements have been sent forward. Fr6mont and McDowell are also under or(lers to operate against the enemy. McDowell will move toward Catletts and will support you, so that there will be no occasion for you to fall back any farther, and you should hold your line, if possible, nmitil line comes up. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 225 (~IlAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 225 HARPERS FERRY, May 24, 1862. Adjutant-General THOMAS: General Banks has just informed me at Strasburg that the rebels are passing Middletown in large force, from 6,000 to 10,000, on the turnpike to Winchester. I have thrown up to that town the Tenth Maine, and will follow this afternoon with such troops as may arrive at nooii. The general is to telegraph again. As it has to be transferred at this place, I will keel) yon informed until I leave. D. S. MILES, Colonel, Commanding Railroad Brigade. WAR DEPARTMENT, illay 24, 1S6212.30 p. in. Colonel MiLES, harpers Ferry: II the enemy is oii the line between Banks and you, how is Baiiks able to telegraph you ~ Please aiiswer iniinediately. EDWiN M. STANTON, & eretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18621.30 p. in. Colonel MILES, Harpers Ferry, Va.: Could you not send scouts from Winchester who would tell whether enemy are north of Banks, moving on Winchester~ What is the latest you have ~ A. LINCOLN. HARPERS FERRY, May 24, 18622 p. in. His Excellency ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President of the United & ates: Early this morning directed Colonel Heal, Tenth Maine, to withdraw First Maryland Cavalry from the road to Romiiey and place them on the Middletown turnpike. The telegraph has been working to-day to Winchester. For the last two hours, for som ne reason, it has ceased to do so. Respectfully, D. S. MILES, Colonel, & eond Infantry. HARPERS FERRY, May 24, 1862. (Received 4.10 p. in.) iou. SECRETARY OF WAR: Imiformnation received the rebels have cut the wires between Win- chester and Strasburg about four hours ago; also just been informed rebel cavalry have arrived at Berryville. I have but one company, Maryland Home Guard Cavalry, at Charlestown. All t~e troops I can spare I have sent to Winchester. I am more than anxious to see the arrivul of the re-enforcements 1 ordered upSixtieth New York, First l~i U UVOL XII, PT II Page 226 ~26 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [ChAr. XXIV. District, and First Maryland Home Brigade. A battalion of rebels could take this place, with all its ordnance. I cannot leave for Win- chester until I have this place secure. D. 5. MILES, Commanding Railroad Brigade. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18626.45. Colonel MILES, Harpers Ferry: Have you heard anything from Banks or the result of the firing heard this afternoon? Have any troops reached Harpers Ferry? Answer immediately. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 186210.15. Colonel MILES, Harpers Ferry: Can you not send forward some scouts to Winchester and ascertain what the truth is? We are left in extraordinary state of uncertainty as to the real state of affairs, and think some pains should be taken to ascertain the real condition of things at Winchester. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 18629.25 ~. m. Ron. SALMON P. CHASE, Aquia Creek: General Fr~mont replied l)romptly that he would execute his order at once. Nothing heard from Banks sinde you started. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 24, 186211 a. m. Major-General BANKS, Front Royal: Your dispatch received. Have made urgent appeals for re-enforce- ments. Have just been before the President, Secretary of Wai~, and Adjutant-General. Your letter and telegrams read and discussed. Explained your position and difficulties, and am directed to attend again this afternoon. If the enemy possess the turnpike bridges at Front Royal you can- not hold Strasbnrg. Regret exceedingly that matters are so unpleas- ani. Will do all I can here. Great indignation manifested. Respectfully, yours, JOHN S. CLARK Colonel, Aide-dc- Camp Page 227 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 227 MAY 24, 18623.30 p. m. Major-General BANKs, Winch ester: Large re-enforcements are being sent via Harpers Ferry and Manas- sas. Hope to have sufficient near Front Royal to cut off retreat. Shall stay here as long as the Secretary desires, and join you. Respectfully, yours, JOHN S. CLARK, Golonel, Aide.de- Camp. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 24, 186211.40 p. in. Col. JOHN S. CLARK, Relay Rouse: General Banks in Winchester. Came through from Strasburg with- out seeing the enemy. An attack by a small force was made upon baggage train at Berryville, but repulsed with little loss on either side. General Banks expects to be attacked in Winchester to-morrow. The force at Harpers Ferry is not large, General Miles having sent forward toward Winchester nearly all his men, expecting them to be replaced by others from Baltimore and Washington. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. [MAY 24, 1862.For Banks to Frdmont, see Banks to the President, same date, Part 1, p. 527.] No. 8.] FLAT Top, May 24, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant Adjutant- General: I am hurrying up stores with the intention of moving my whole coin- mand here straight on Wytheville, starting in the morning. Crooks action makes it seem a good time to strike. lf II can start with ten (lays sul)plies I should push ahead, and look after my communications after I have cut the railroad. J.D.COX, Brigadier-General. N6. 8.] MAY 24, 1862. General Cox: Your No. 8 received. The commanding general thinks it best that instead of marching upon Wytheville you should go direct to Dnblin Station and thence to New River, destroyi~g the railroad and bridges as you procee(l. Your better knowledge, however, of the country and circumstances renders it necessary that this should be a suggestion rather than an order. In case you adopt it, you can, after crossing New River, open communication witli Colonel Crook, and change your line of communication to the road from Gauley to Lewisburg. Colone Page 228 228 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Crook should be ordered to advance toward New River at the same time. You should, before starting, change the destination of all your teams on the road between Gauley and Flat Top, ordering them to Lewisbnrg. Make my tliaiiks to Colonel Crook for his gallant and successful fight of yesterday. I await full particulars with interest. [TRACY. ~l] No. 9.J FLAT Top, May 24, 1862. (Received 12 midnight.) Col. ALBERT TRACY: The rebels in their retreat burned Greenbrier bridge. Crook cannot advance far beyond Lewisburg till the new trains are ready to help him with supplies. The same cause operates here. Steady rain for the past twenty-tour hours puts our su~)phe5 behind, and my hope that we might get sonic ahead is disappointed for the I)rcsent. The news from. the front is not very consistent. Loring is now re- l)ortcd chief in command, having arrived two days ago. Numbers are reported as beforeileth 4 000 the rest 9 000 or 10 000. I allow for , , exaggeration, but no doubt it is a very much larger force than ours. Does the general commanding get any encouragement as to re-enforce- ments for us ~l J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF KANAWIIA, No. 17. Flat Top, May 24, 1862. The general commanding the (listriet takes great satisfaction in an- nouncing to the division the signal success of the Third Provisional Brigade, Col. George Crook commanding. They were attacked on yesterday morning by General ileth, of the rebel forces, with 3,000 men, whom, after a vigorous contest, they coin- ldetely routed, capturing four cannon, 200 stand of arms, and 100 pris- omiers. The Third Brigade has covered itself with glory. By comman(l of Brig. Gen. J. D. Cox: G. M. BASCOM, Captain and Assistant Adjutant- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862. Secretary CHASE, Fredericksburg, Va.: It now appears that Banks got safely into Winchester last night and is this morning retreating on ilarpers Ferry. This justifies the inft~r- ence that he is pressed by numbers superior to his own. I think it not improbable that Ewell, Jackson, and Johnson are pouring through the gap they made day before yesterday at Front Royal, making a dash northward. It will be a very valuable and very honorable service for General McDowell to cut them off. I hope he will put all possible energy and speed into the effort. A. LINCOLN Page 229 ChAP. XXIV.3 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 229 FALMOUTH, Allay 25, 1862. (Received 10.15 a. in.) lion. E. 11. STANTON, Secretary of War: Shields division is moving toward Cafletts. King will follow as soon as the advance of Shields will permit. McDowell will take corn- inand of the whole in person. General McDowell, Shields, and King agree that the forces at this place can move against the enemy in the valleyFirst, by way of Front Royal, by way of Catletts and Warren- toii. By this route the colnmn can be best supl)lied, but the movement in this direction is least liable to cnt oft the enemy, who can retire be- fore onr troops caim get up. Second, by way of Catletts, Warrenton, and Washington, and Thorntons Gap, to Enray. Third, by way of Orange Court-House and Gordonsville, to Charlottesville, which is their depot. This is the most decisive movement, and by (lestroy- ing this depot and breaking up the railroad there the enemy mnst fall back. This movement has the advaimtage of keeping the forces still in position of operating on the enemy in front of Richmond. Shields division conld go to Charlottesville, and the others move sonth on the forces in front and keep them from going against him. The enemy in front of this place has retreated to Hanover Junction. Would not time be saved by bringing Geimeral Shields to Washington for con- sultation ~ His information and judgment are excellent, and his com- ing would not delay the movement of his division. S. P. CHASE. FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. (Received 10.28 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Lynch says they are retreating from Winchester, without saying who. If Banks retreated, does it not increase importance of Shields coming to Washington, especially as his division will not be retarded thereby, and if not moved elsewhere he can rejoin it to-morrow morn- ing~ If he is to come, I want to bring him through in six hours. An- swer immediately. S. P. CHASE. WASHINGTON, May 25, 1862~.10.50 a. m. Hon. SALMON P. CHASE: Bring Shields along with you. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. SECRETARY OF WAR: Is it best that General McDowell should command in person or re- main here ~ The considerations on both sides will suggest to you at once. S. P. CHASE Page 230 230 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WASHINGTON, May 25, 1862. SALMON P. CHASE, Falmouth: Let him remain for the present at Fredericksburg and send forward his best commander. This is also the opinion of the President. EDWIN M. STANTON. E. M. STANTON: MAY 25, 1862. All right. General McDowell remains. We come back immediately. S. P. CHASE. Jlfemorafldam on above telegram. The President wants to know what the plan is in sending the brigade up to Alexandria. Is it a l)art of the movement~ FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. E. M. STANTON: (Received 11.20 a. in.) Brigade sent to Alexandria to expedite movement and as part of it. Presidents whole order is being executed as rapidly as I)oSsible. Ords division follows that of Shields instead of Kings. S. P. CHASE. FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. (Received 12.10 p. in.) To the PRESIDENT: Since my dispatch in cipher information from the War 1)epartment that Jackson and Johnson are probably co-operating with Ewell unites all opinions here upon the movement indicated by you in preference to the other lines mentioned in that dispatch. General McDowell appre- ciates, as you do, the importance of the service he is called on to per- form. All possible exertion is being made by him and the officers un- der him to expedite the movement. He will remain here till the troops are all off, and then observe any further directions given by you. Hav- ing done all I can here, I shall come immediately to Washington with General Shields, and hope to arrive by six this afternoon. S. P. CHASE. P. S.All Shields division is off but one battery and Ords follows immediately. S. P. CHASE. RELAY HOUSE, May 25, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 12.20 a. in.) Secretary of War, Washington: We have been slow in our movements since I left Washington, but all seems to move slowly to-day. I find the Baltimore Artillery here; also General Hamilton. Mr. Garrett informs me that much excitemen Page 231 CHAP. XXIV.] 231 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. exists in Baltimore. To-day the Union men of the Plug Ugly stripe have been attempting to stab and hang secessionists who have rendered themselves obnoxious. General Dix has so far been able to keep the peace chiefly through the co-operation of the police, which has not, however, been as hearty and cordial as could be desired. He wants express anthority to assume control of the police, as he would therefore be able to keep down the mob and preserve the peace. He ought to take the control under his general authority without any special order, but will not; therefore the order should be given at once. Things at Harpers Ferry are not thought by Mr. Garrett to be as bad as reported. I find Mr. Garrett with every employ6 of the Baltimoie and Ohio Rail- road are on the alert, and most zealous to do everything in their power to second your wishes. I shall telegraph from Monocacy again. It will be daylight befoi~e we reach Harpers Ferry. There are nineteen guns in all on the train, with ammunition and equipments all complete. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862[lO.20 a. in.] Majqr-General MCDOWELL, Fredericksburg: Intelligence received this morning shows that Banks has been attacked in force at Winchester and is retreating toward Harpers Ferry. The entire force of Jackson and Ewell and Johnson are operating against harpers Ferry. The Vanderbilt was ordered up to Aquia Creek yes- terday, with a view to bring up some force by the river from your com- mand. You had better have a regiment ready to embark at a moments warning. The movement ordered yesterday should be pressed forward with all speed. The President thinks your field of operations at the present is the one he has indicated. EDWIN M, STANTON, & cretary of War. FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. (Received 12.15 p. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON: All General Shields division is on the march. The last battery is just leaving. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862[12.55 p. in.] Major-General MCDOWELL, Falmouth: Move a brigade to Washington as speedily as possible. Send up the regiment now at Aquia the moment you have transportation. Banks has been driven from Winchester~ is in full retreat near Harpers Ferry. No time is to be lost. The brigade now ordered is to be in addition to the one you are sending to Manassas, a~d should be the first sent. EDWIN M. STANTON Page 232 232 O.il~RAT4ONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862[1.35 I~ in.] Major-General MCDOWELL, Falmouth: Your telegram receive(l. We have nothing later from Banks. You of course uiiders4iand that time brigade sent here is to be in ad(litiou to the one you intell(le(l to seiid to Alexandria. The Van(lerbilt left Hampton Hoads for Aquia at 6 last evening. EDWiN M. STANTON. Hon. E. M. STANTON, FALMOUTIT, May 25, 1862. & cretary of War: I have ordered a brigade to Aqnia to embark for Alexandria to go out on the line of the Manassas ltailroad. The enemy in my front are reported by fugitive negroes to have fallen back last night to Hanover Junction. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, (Jomma~nding. Hon. E. M. STANTON: FALMOITTIT, May 25, 1862. Two (livisions and a regiment at Aquia have now been or(lered away, in compliance with your instructions. The four brigades of Shields division have gone on the road to Catletts; the two brigades of Ords division are to go by waterHartsutfs to Alexaimdria and Ricketts to Waslmingtonas soon as they can be embarked. The regiment at Aqnia goes to Washington. Time artillery and cavalry of Ords division go by lan(l to Alexandria. I recapitulate to prevent misconception and to ask if I have met your views. I amu making a strong demonstration to the south over the river with the remaining divisions, to mislead tile enemy as to ~ur movements and intentions. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major. General, Commanding. Hon. E. M. STANTON: FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. I wiil send all the infantry in the two brigades of Ords diviSion up by water~ne to go to Washimmgton, the other to Alexandriaand the batteries of artillery and the cavalry will go to Alexandria by land, l)y way of Dnmfries and Occoquan. This will be the most expeditious way, on account of the time required to ship and unship horses and carriages. Fromn Alexandria they can be readily sent where required. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862. General MCDOWELL: Is it not probable ~ force has left your front amm(1 gone by the raiiroad and thence np to Culpeper amid across to join Jacksou and Ewehi, instead of going south I EDWIN M. STANTON Page 233 CHAP. XXIV. I CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 233 HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TIlE ItAPPAIIANNOCK, May 25, [1862J. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Washington: I am examinino 15 (leserters from the rebel army, with a view to re- l)ort to you what has become of Andersons army. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. Hon. E. M. STANTON: FALMOUTH, May 25, 1862. I have just examined a lieutenant, 3 sergeants, and a corporal, Wi 10 came in froni the enemy. as deserters this morning. They are, with the exception of one Frenchman, from the North, pressed into service. They are all men of fine intelligence. The lieutenant and the sergeants, who came from the same battery, are positive the army has fallen back from Richmond. The first order was to go at 1.30 oclock p. m. to Han- over Junction, they having heard of McClellans right wing being at hanover Court-House, and having destroyed the railroad to 0-ordous- yule at that l)lace, which made them fear for their communications. This was subsequently revoked and an order was read on I)arade (lirecting the command back to Richmond to take part in the great l)attle now about to take place there. T~vo other men thought that the force was goimig to join Jackson, who was going to get in the rear of my army and was going into Maryland. This was only surmise. The order for Richmond was written and published. My advance is 8 miles beyond Fredericksburg. I hope soon to be able to tell you more pre- cisely where the enemy is. One thing is certain, that whether they left here to join Jackson or not they have not done so yet, and that all the grand masses Geary reports must come from some other place than here. They left here by stealth and with dread of being attacked. They went at night, and for a distance by by-roads. They thought I had 60,000 men. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK Opposite Fredericksburg, May 25, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have a report that Hartsnffs brigade left here at 5 oclock for Aquia, and that tIme cavalry and artillery marched at 6 oclock via Stafford Court-House and Dumfries. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOOX, Hon. E. M. STANTON, May 25, 1862. Secretary of War: Ilicketts brigade of Ords divison have taken up the line of march for Aquia. It is just 3 oclock. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Alajor-General Page 234 234 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAe. XX1V. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHAKNOCK, May 25, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The Ninety-fifth New York, now at Aquia, has been ordered to march on board a steamer and go immediately to Washington. The brigade originally inteiided to be sent via Alexandria to Manassas will be sent to Washington as soon as it gets to Aquia. IRViN McDOWELL, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862[2.40 p. iii.] Major-General MCDOWELL: You have properly understood your instructions, and I thank you for their prompt execution. The last intelligence from Banks, he was in Pill retreat, hotly pressed, and in great danger. EDWIN M. STANTON. WASHINGTON, May 25, 1862[8.40 p. in.] General MCDOWELL: Dispatch just received from General Geary states as follows: WnITE PLAINS. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I am informed that Jackson, with a force of 10,000 men, is in the mountain pass near Markham and advancing. A similar force is also on the south of mc, approaching by way of Orleans. This statement is furnished me by two contrabands, who sought my headquarters breatbiess, and who evinced sincerity in their manners. I have sent out strong reconnoitering parties in all directions, and will keep you informed. GEXRY. Is it not probable Andersons forces left your front, are gone by the railroad, thence up to (3ulpeper, and across to join Jackson and Ewell, instead of going south ~l EDWiN M. STANTON. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. C., May 25, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Fredericksburg: A dispatch from General Geary states that the enemy are passing up from Front Royal between the Blue [Ridge] Mountains and the river, to Ashbys Gap, to cross by Snickersville to Leesburg, there to seize the fortifications and maintain a position in that section; that they are in full possession of the country between Front Royal and Ashbys Gap between the mountains and the river; that they are supported by large forces; that they have crossed at Manassas Gap and are now in front of Geary at Thoroughfare Gap; that contrabands report that 10,000 cavalry are about passing through the valley from the direction of Warrenton. E1)WJN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 235 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 235 HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IIAPPAHANNOCK, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 25, 1862. iNIaj. Geii. JAMES SHIELDS, Commanding Division: GENERAL: I have received intelligence from the War Department that the enemy has carried the position at Front Royal and attacked and forced General Banks to retreat from Wiiichester upon Harpers Ferry. Agreeably to the instructions to that effect from the President two (livisions, yours and General Ords, have been put in motion to move 111)011 and intercept the enemy and capture or drive him from the valley. Your knowledge of the country makes it unnecessary to give you in- structions as to the particular routes to be taken to secure this end. For the purpose of supplies your division will move via Catletts. Agreeably to the instructions of the Secretary of War one brigade, Ords division, will embark at Aquia for Washington. The other will march by the same route as yours have taken. As the national capital is an object of extreme solicitude, you will so arrange your movements as not to uncover it. You will keep me constantly informed as to your movements. Agreeably to the desire of the Secretary of War you will proceed to Washington to confer with him personally on this matter. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant~, IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding; P. S.By a recent direction of the Secretary of War the second bri- gade will go by Alexandria. FREDERICKSBURG, May 25, 1862. Colonel SCHUIVER, Chief of Staff The troops of Field and Gregg certainly (and Anderson probably) fell back last night to Hanover Junction. I send contrabands. Il~I. R. PATRiCK, Brigadier- General. BALTIMORE, May 25, 1862. (Received 3.40 p. in.) P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War: We have no cars yet returned from the movements of yesterday and last night, estimated at 5,000, from Washington, Baltimore, and line of road. We had cars for Colonel Maulsbys regiment at Monocacy since 1 p. m. yesterday, but they did not arrange to load until this a. in. We have sent to.day from Relay House 600 New York Sixtieth, and have arranged for prompt shipment of Delaware regiment, expected here at 7 this p. in. We have cars now prepared and waiting here for 500 Pur- nell Legion and the artillery ordered through General Dix. One thou- sand men of Maine and other regiments, guarding road east and west of Harpers Ferry, have been gathered and transported. We have jus Page 236 236 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIV. started the first train for troops from Washington, and others will fol- low as rapidly as possible to load 4,OOQ, a~ ordered, this evening. Jf desired, we can accomplish more transportation than yet required, both from Washington and Baltimore. Your wishes shall continue to receive our most prompt and effective attention. In response to a dispatch in- quiring whether our mail train could get through from Baltimore this p. in., Colonel Miles just telegraphed from Harpers Ferry, viz: You cannot run a train beyond this l)lace. From what I can learn I sup- l)OSC by this time Martinsbnrg is in possession of the enemy. I shall try aiid hold this 1)OiIlt. Cannot General Fr6mont aid in saving the road west of Martinsl)urgparticularly bridges t I have your instruc- tion s regarding ma clii nely of Iii iladelpliia, Wilmington and Baltimore and Northern Central roads, in which I will act as necessity may re-. (pure. J. W. GARRETT, President. CAMDEN STATION, Baltimore, May 25, 1862. (Received 7.10 p. in.) lion. B. i\L STANTON, Secretary of War: I have arraiiged to meet Mr. Watson at the Relay House. The Dela- ware regiment and Puruell Leoion are loaded and just starting from the station. Iii addition to our arrangements for transporting 4,000 men from Washington this evening a.n(l night, I am directing such move- inents as will enable me to transport 10,000 men during to-morrow, coin- inencing early in the Inornino-. I have deemed this judicious in view b of your possible requirements. Should you decide o?i further move- ments eat-ly notice as to points of departure will facilitate our ability to serve you. J. W. GARRETT, President. BALTIMORE, May 25, 1862. (Received 8.20 i. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Whilst the advices from Harpers Ferry indicate that the enemy is in possession of Martinsburg, we find our dispatches coming through from points west of Martinsbnrg, thus ~)roving our wires still uninter- rupted. I learn front our superintendent of telegraph that the Gov- ct-n ment wires through 1)arnestown have been broken and that your ol)erators were using the railroad wire. I beg to suggest, under these circumstances, caution in sending your messages, as they may be heard and cOl)ie(l at Martinsburg, and thus place the enemy in possession of your instructions. Your operators may have avoided this risk by order- itmo- the ground wire on at Harpers Ferry, in which case our suggestion will do no harm. J. W. GARRETT, Pre8ident Page 237 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 237 HARPERS FERRY, May 25, 18629 a. m. (Received 9.30 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: One hundred and ninth and One hundred and eleventh Pennsylvania and First Maryland Cavalry are here. Five companies of the First District Regiment left here this morning. Tenth Maine joined General Banks last night at 11 p. m. No communication with General Banks this morning since 7 oclock. Last dispatch stated our forces to be re- treating from Winchester. Reports from prisoners and contrabands state the force to be Ewells, 6,000 strong, and an indefinite number of Johnsons being with him, which, if true, will be between 3,000 and 4,000 additional. Ewell has fourteen guns. All agree that enemy in- tend to attack Harpers Ferry. Many conflicting rumors. My impres- sions are that the entire three of Jackson, Ew dl, and Johnson are act- ing in concert in this valley. One prisoner states that Jackson desired Ewell to march immediately from Front Royal to Winchester; to pay no attention to Banks. They approached Front Royal by three routes, VIZ: Chester Gap, Luray road, and Powells Fort Valley. Enemy at- tacked scouts last night at lierryville with one company of cavalry. Reported that they are re-enforced this inoriting by 250 additional. The Maryland Cavalry are making preparations, and will march as soon as they can get ready. JOHN S. CLARK Colonel and Aide-de-Cam~p. HARPERS FERRY, May 25, 1862. (Received 11.40 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Two trains just arrived from Martinsburg report the arrival of a body of Federal cavalry from Winchester, bringing the news of Banks retreat toward Martinsbnrg, with orders to send all trains east and west from that point. Dispatch just received saying operator and all are leaving Martinsburg. Telegram from Adjutant Markell, Eighth New York Cavalry, from Charlestown, stating men just arrived there who had been guarding stores at Spencer [Stephensons?] Station; that the rebels are pursuing our retreating forces to that ])oiiit, viz, 9 miles beyond Charlestown. Heavy cannonading heard all the morning. No artillery here~ JOHN S. CLARK, Golonel and Aide-do-Camp. HARPERS FERRY, May 25, 186210.45 a. in. (Received 11 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON The Sixtieth reported to be at Sandy Hook. The One hundred and eleventh Pennsylvania gone on cars. Telegram from Charlestown, 7 miles, just received, reports all quiet 2 miles beyond that point, with no signs of the enemy. No telegraphic communication with Winches- ter. Shall join the One hundred and eleventh, and reach General Banks to-night if alive. Present appearances indicate somewhat tha Page 238 238 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXiV. Ewell has turned back, but the last suspicious telegram from Win- chester points in the other direction. Will telegraph you from Charles- town. Respectfully, yours, JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-de-Camp. HARPERS FERRY, May 25, 1862. (Received 2.15 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Banks army, bivouacked last night 14 miles south of Win- chester was attacked this morning at daylight. Government stores an(1 depot burned. Rebels occupied towii at 8 a. m. The wagon trains left before the action commenced. This retreat was conducted in goo(I order ill) to 10 oclock on the Martinsburg pike, contesting the ground inch by inch, Ewells force crowding them closely. Scattered parties of rebels reported in the vicinity of Berryville. The Third Maryland just arrive(l. No reliable news since 10 a. m. JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-de-Camp. WILLIANSPORT via HAGERSTOWN, May 25, 18628 p. m. (Received 10.10 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Maui body of infantry between here and Martinsbnrg. Attack com- menced about 5.30 oclock this morning by Ewells cavalry and in- flintry, and been hotly pursued all day. Losses are heavy. Colonel Donnelly wounded, and his brigade roughly handled. General Hatch rcl)orted to be taken 1)risoner. Horrible barbarities committed: Re- fusing to give quarter shelled the hospital in Winchester and bay- onete(l the sick in it~ citizens of Winchester zealous in firing omi soldiers from dwellings. Retreat conducted in good order, considering the great odds to contend against. To-morrow may be worse than to-day, as the ford is 5 feet deep, and the ferry can carry but 100 men, or two wagons, making a trip in twenty-five minutes. Stores at Front Royal captured. All at Winchester burned. Colonel Kenly killed with a pistol in an ambulance after being wounded. Lieutenant-Colonel Brown, Twenty-eighth New York, reported killed; Major Cook also. Some indications of presence of a portion, at least, of Jacksons force. Communications open with the general, but have not yet seen him. - JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-de-Gamp. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 18621 a.m. Major-General Dix, Baltimore: I have ord~r6d ~General Saxton, an able officer, to take command at harpers Ferry. Please communicate with him. lie is at that place. EDWIN M. STANTON Page 239 CHAP. XXIVJ CORRESPOI~DENCE, ETC.UNioN. 239 WAR DEPARTMENT, Major-General Dix, Baltimore: May 25, 186212.55. Four hundred and fifty-sex-en regulars started from Philadelphia at 10.20 oclock to-night for Washington. They are parts of the Eighth and Twelfth Regulars, under command of Captain Pitcher. You will send them to Harpers Ferry instead of coming here. Arms will be forwarded to them at Harpers Ferry from here to-night. Please give this special attention. They will be useful in handling the artillery of position even before their arms arrive. EDWIN M. STANTON, & cretary of War. GENERAL Dixs HEADQUARTERS, Baltimore May )5 18 Hon. B. M. STANTON, 62. (Received 2.10.) ASecretary of war: Mi. Garrett is at my headquarters. Transportation is all ready for the battery, aiid one of my staff has gone to see it loaded. I sen(l the only field artillery I havesix rifled cannon. The men well drilled and well commanded. JOHN A. DIX, Major- General, Commanding. GENERAL Dixs HEADQUARTERS, Baltimore, May 25, 1862. (Received 4.35 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, ASecretary of War: The Third Delaware Regiment, 750 strong, effective men, fully armed, l)rovisioned, and equipped, will pass through here for Harpers Ferry about 5 this ~ in., without change of cars. The light battery of six i)ieces is now loading up. Will dispatch it without delay. JOHN A. DIX, Major- General. BALTIMORE, May 25, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 5.50 ii. in.) & eretary of War: Before your dispatch was received I had ordered part of the force at Fort Federal Hill to be kept nuder arms to-night. I am sending the same orders to the other forts. I have no guns for the company ordered from Carlisle. Will you send them from Washington at once I JOHN A. DIX, Major- General. BALTIMORE, May 25, 1862. (Received 8 p. in.) Hon. B. M. STANTON: I have just returned froni Fort McHenry and Federal Hill. All is right at both. The two batteries you have ordered will quite suffice Page 240 240 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIV. The Third I)elaware iRegiment has I)assed through to Harpers Ferry, and, with the artillery and the infantry of the Parnell Legion, will be at, Harpers Ferry before daylight. JOHN A. DIX, Major- General. HDQRS. DETACHED BRIGADE, White Plains, May 25, 1862. (Received 9.5 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, & eretary of War: Your dispatches to this place received. Heavy cannonading was heard from the direction of Strasbnrg and Berrys Ferry from 1 oclock to 7 yesterday afternoon. A large force from Ashbys Gap was men- acing me on the north, and similar on the south, mo ving evidently with a view to outflank me by the Salem road. A force on time railroad was in front of me, corning from Front Royal. I therefore deemed it pru. (lent to concentrate my scattered forces at this l)lace, and am now en- gaged upon that work. The re-enforcements you sent inc I will order forward to this place from Thoroughfare, leaving a sufficient number there to hold, the place while I am so near to it. All seems quiet this morning. I will scout the country thoroughly and keep you advised promf)t.ly of every movement. I am iiiformed by a contraband that it is the intention of the enemy to advance from Ashbys Gap to Leesburg in strong force via Upperville and SnickersvilIe. JNO. W. GEARY Brigadier- General, ~ (Copy to Brigadier~General Wadsworth, military governor, and Major General McDowell.) BROAD RUN, May 25, 1862. Brigadier-General WADSWORTH, (Received 1 p. in.) Military Gorernor District of Columbia: The enemys force at Ashbys Gap appear to have the imitention of advancing to Leesburg to occupy the forts there with artillery and in- fantry. I amn at Thoroughfare Gap, and find re-enforcemnents you have sent. Rebel troops moving in the north and south render it necessary for as available a force as can be possibly disposed here. I have con- versed with Mr. Hammon, and represente(I to him the condition of affairs and my opinion of plans necessary to be adopted. He will leave here in a few minutes on a special engine, to communicate my views in person. I will return to Plains in one hour. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 18621.45 v. Hi. General GEARY, IVhite Plains: Please give us your best pres6nt impression as to time number of the enemys forces north of Strasburg and Front Royal. Are the forces still moving north through the Gap at Front Royal and between you and there ~ A. LI1~COLN Page 241 CRAP. XXIV.j (~OoNDENcE, ETC.UNION. 241 WHITE PLAINS, May 25, 1862. His Excellency ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President of the United States: I have just returned from an investigation of the position at Thor- oughfare Gap, and am but now in receipt of your telegram. The enemy are passing up from Front Royal, between the Blue [Ridge] Mountains and the river, to Aslibys Gap, at which place I have heard the firing of their guns. This flict is also corroborated by contrabands, who say their force intends crossing by Snickersville to Leesburg, there to seize the fortifications and maintain a position in that section. My information shows the enemy to be in full possession of the country between Front Royal and Ashbys Gal) between the mountains and the river. My impression is that the itumber thus traveling cannot be short of 7,000 or 8,000, who I understand are supported by large forces at Front Royal, of which I can form no correct estimate, but they are reported to be large. The forces moving between me and the mountains are not in heavy bodies, as far as I can learn. Forces have crossed at Maiiassas Gap and are now in front of me. Contrabands have told me that they have heard letters read in families of secessionists in which they belong stating that 10,000 cavalry are about passing through this valley front the direction of Warrentom Very respectfully, JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 1862. Brigadier-General WADSWORTH: The force under General Geary, as well as that under General Duryca, are placed under your command. You will give notice to General Geary, and direct him to report to you. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 25, 186211.25 p. in. JOHN TUCKER, Esq., Fort Monroe: Eveimts have hurried so rapidly that I have had time to communicate nothing but orders. The enemy attacked Front IRoyal Friday, and de- 4royed the troops there and advanced to cut oft Banks. He reached Winchester; was attacked to.day; after a hard fight of several hours was completely routed, his force in a great measure destroyed. The rebel force against him was about 12,000. Heavy columns of the enemy are moving through Markhams Gap and by Front Royal toward the Potomac all day. A 1)art of McDowells force has been recalled to this city. Our condition is one of considerable (langer, as we are stri[)ped to supply the Army of the Potomac, amid now have the cimemny here. EDWIN M. STANTON. 16 H RVOL XII. PT iL Page 242 242 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIVX HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, Lewisburg, May 25, 1862. Capt. G. M. BAScoM: General ileth sent in flag of truce yesterday for permission to get the bodies of some of the dead. They retreated as far as Union, if not to the Narrows on New River. Deserters are still coming. Prisoners left yesterday for Gauley Bridge. No further news of enemy. All quiet. I will have to await more transportation before I can move. GEORGE CROOK. No. 10.] FLAT Top, May 25, 1862. (Received on march May 25, 186211.30 p. in.) Colonel TRACY: The suggestion of the general commanding that I try to concentrate with Crook is, I thii~k, the wisest course. I have two companies clear- ing out timber and land-slides on Packs Ferry road, and they will build a raft to cross men and trains. A boat cannot be got for some time. This will occupy several days, as a good deal of work is to be done. Meanwhile we can keep close watch on ene?my, and if they attempt to concentrate upon Crook before I can cross the river the way to operate on their rear lines is still opeii to me. The time can also be profitably employed in the qnartermasters department. Am I at liberty to exchange prisoners I They took some 20 or 30 at Priuceton and we have a good many more of theirs. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. WASHINGTON, May 26, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Following just received: WHITE PLAINS, May 2612.10 p. in. My scouts report Jackson advancing with a large force through Middlebiirg to cut oft my communication by Aldie Gap and Hopewell Gap. This force is estimated at at least 20,000. This information is reliable. Send me your instructions immediately. .JNO. W. GEARY. EDWIN M. STANTON. WASHINGTON, May 26, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Following just received: BROAD RUN, VA., May 26. (Received 12.30 ~. in.) Hon E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have centinued reliable information that Jackson is rapidly advancing on the Middleburg and Aldie road from Paris with the view of cutting off this command. There are also heavy forces south of me, and I cannot hope successfully to resist the combining elements against me. I might make Manassas, if it will meet your appro- bation. JNO. W. GEARY. EDWIN M. STANTON Page 243 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 243 WAR DEPARTMENT, Major-General MCDOWELL, Falmouth, Va.: May 26, 1862[1 p. in.] Dispatches from Geary just received have been sent you. Should not the remainder of your forces, except sufficient to hold the point at Fredericksburg, move this wayto Manassas Junction or Alexandria ~ As commander of this department should you not be here ~? I a~sk these questions. A. LINCOLN. FALMOIJTH, May 26, 1862. His Excellency the PRESIDENT: On my way in from Massaponax, where I had been to see to the ad- vanced brigades, I received your telegram asking if the remainder of my forces here, except sufficient to hold this point, should not move to- ward Manassas or Alexandria, and if, as commander of the department, I should not be at Washington. I have receive(l notice that the advance of Major-General Shields division reached Catletts this forenoon. It will all have arrived there by to-morrow morning and advanced beyond iu the direction of the enemy. Brigadier-General Dnxyeas brigade is near Manassas Junc- tion. Brigadier-General Ricketts brigade must now be at Alexandria. Brigadier-General llartsufi with Major-General Ord, commanding di- vision, will arrive there to-night. The batteries and cavalry will reach there to-morrow. This, added to that tinder General Gea~y, makes an effective force of 21,000 men, outside of the command of Brigadier-Gen- eral Wadsworth, in the forts around Washington, amid I think an ade- pmate force to meet that of the enemy. I have not thought my presence needed elsewhere as much as hei-e. but since there is a sufficient doubt to cause you to ask the questiomi I will immediately leave heie to go to Washington and will arrive early to-morrow morning, but will not move my headquarters till I have seen you. There seems to be an impression that the forces of the enemy who left here Saturday night and Sunday have gone to re-enforce Jackson, and are actually part of the many thousands now reported by General Geary. There is not a doubt here as to the direction taken by that force nor of its destination unless going to Richmond. I am confident in this to-day by news gathered from the front. Every one who has been in contact with their troops says but one thing: Richmond! RichmondL Richmond! to take part in the big battle that is about to come off. The enemy left this front by stealth iii the night. They have been met since they left moving down to Richmond. They left so hurriedly and so feai-ful of pursuit as to leave a corpse unburied. The forces in the upper part of the valley are those under Jackson, Ewell, and perhaps Ed. Johnson. 1~Iajor-Gemmei-al Shields, who has had to do with them, estimates them at 16,000. Wei-e I to (Iraw more from here, I think the moral effr~ct would be very great on the enemy and 1)e most (lisadvantageous to us, and I would I)refer not to move them with- out there is a greater necessity than I now see. If you will c~use all available water transpom-tatiomi to be assembled at Aqumia, it will, it seems to me, answer for all present purposes. Very respectfully, IRVlN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department Page 244 244 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CIiir. XXIV. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE BAPPAHANNOCK, May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The commanding officer at Aquia reports that the men of the several regiments of Ricketts brigade commenced arriving about 9 oclock last night in groups, two, three, and four, and continued until 5 oclock this a. m. Major.General Ord just now reports as follows: General Ricketts will be off in an hour. His men are going aboard as fast as they can march to the wharf leaving their luggage here. They wonid have started at daylight had men and teams not been scattered in the dark on the road. The em- barkation of Hartsnff will be as tedions, as his men will mostly have to go in the Van- berbilt, which lies off in the stream, making it necessary to use a small steamer to con- vey the men to her. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. General RICKETTS, Alexandria: The President wishes your brigade to move at once to Manassas by railroad. General Wadsworth has gone to Alexandria to assist in for. warding. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. MAY 26, 1862. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Aquia: The War Department expects your brigade in Washington by 12 oclock in. to-day. I beg that nothing be left undone to fulfill this ex- pectation. The transports are all ready for you. Do not let any ordi- nary considerations prevent your immediate embarkation. Let me hear from you constantly as each regiment goes on board and as each steamer gets under way. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding D~partment. AQUJA CREEK, May 26, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: General iRicketts will be off in an hour. His men are going aboard as fast as they can march to the wharf, leaving their luggage here. They would have started at daylight ha4 meit and teams not have been scattered on the road. E. 0. C. ORD, Major- General Volunteers. AQUIA CREEK, May 26, 1862. General MCDOWELL: General Ricketts has been aboard with his last regiment about an hour, and harbor-master tells me it will be an houi- before his t~i ga an Page 245 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 245 schooners can get away. The wharf encumbered. This will delay General Hartsuff until 2 or 3 p. m. I shall accompany the last of command. E. 0. C. OItD, Major- General, Commanding. AQUIA CREEK, pray 26, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: General llartsuff will iiot be able to get all his men aboard before 12 oclock, leaving his luggage to follow, because his men will have to be lightered aboard, and it is slow work. E.O.C. ORD, Major- General Volunteers. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 18627.50 p. in. Major-General ORB, Alexandria: Your force is to be moved speedily as possible upon Manassas. Gen- eral Wadsworth is at Alexandria to assist in the movement. Cars for transportation have been ordered from here to Alexandria. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. ALEXANDRIA, May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 9.10 p. in.) Secretary of War: SIR: I shall get liicketts brigade oft to-night, and take all the cars. ~ brigade must wait till morning, when the cars return. I have brought but the two brigades of infantry. Three batteries of artillery of my division and seven companies of cavalry General McDowell di- rected to come here by land Via Dumfries. Is there not some mistake in this direction ~l If so, the artillery and cavalry should be met and sent aright. iRicketts officers had to come here without their blankets. Can they not have one hundred from the hospital department here sent them I E.O.C. ORD, Major- General Volu~teers. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 2~, 18629.52 p. m. Major-General ORB, Alexandria: The artillery and cavalry sent by land via Dumfries should be met and directed by the best way upon Manassas. Order has been given for blankets for Eicketts brigade, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 246 246 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 18626.20 a. m. General DURYEA: Banks is believed to have made good his retreat, with all his trains and without much loss, to Williamsport. Shields division is on march to Catletts, and will be there to-day about noon, it is believed. General Shields himself is here, and will go down to Catletts this morning. We still hold Harpers Ferry. Ileport any intelligence you have. We hope to be able to bag the enemy that attacked Banks; Fr6mont and McDowell are both moving for that. Genera] Shields wants Geary to hold on to White Plains, if possible, until he gets there. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 18627.20. Brig. Gen. ABRAM DURYEA, Brisloc: General Shields is here; his division will reach Catletts to-day. Keep yourself well informed of what is in front of you, and be prepared to fall back on Manassas and unite with General Geary if threatened by superior forces, but do not move until it becomes necessary. EDWJ4 M. STANTON, Secretary of War. BRISTOE, May ~6, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I sent four companies of infantry and one of cavalry to Catletts last night to protect public property. Cavalry pickets have been out, and I have every confidence that all is well. I have two deserters, who say that Jackson and Johnson and another column under some one else are concentracing their forces. They are intelligent mcii. One is from Connecticut, the other from Buffalo. I will send them first opportu- nity to Washington. A. DURYEA. BROAD RUN, May 26, 1862. (Received 11.35.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Two companies of my scouts have reported already this morning. One from the direction of Manassas Gal) reports enemys pickets near Piedmont, and one from the (lirection of Warrenton reports rebel pickets near that place, and found on its return some of the rOads had been blocked up with brush in its rear (luring the night. I am hold- ing White Plains with cavalry. Saleni an(l Rectortown are reported clear this morning. An intelligent mulatto from Middleburg reports as subject of conversation between General Rogers and others of that place that it is the intention of the rebels to invade Maryland~ and liberate their friends in that State, and that they are concentrating very heavy forces to proceed to Harpers Ferry on botli sides of th Page 247 ChAp. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UMON. 247 Blue Ridge. I give you this for what it is worth. I have about 350 men scouting south of Hay Market ~zid Gainesville and toward Yew Baltimore. Colonel Carter, with 500 of Third Indiana Cavalry, has just arrived and reported. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. BROAD RUN, May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 12.40 i~. in.) ASecretary of War: Drumnier-boy of First Maryland Regiment, taken prisoner at Front Royal, made his escape, and has walked in; and he reports that 14,000 of the enemy were at Front Royal at the time of the attack upon the First Maryland Regiment. On the day after about 4,000 men went through Front Royal and marched toward Winchester. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 186212.57 p. m. Brigadier-General GEARY, Broad Run: If threatened, as you report, by superior forces, you should fall back on Manassas and unite with General iDuryea, who is directedto fall back also. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. BROAD RUN, May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 1.30 p. in.) Secretary of War: Upon consultation with all my officers, they have, in consideration of the hol)eless circumstances surrounding us, concluded to attempt to march to Manassas. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Hon. E. M. STANTON, BRJSTOE, May 26, 1862. Secretary of War: I have orders to fall back to-day to Manassas, and shall do so, unless otherwise instructed, at the earliest j~ossible moment. A. DURYEA. WAR DEPARTMENT May 26, 18621~.46 p. in. Brigadier-General DURYEA, Bri8toe: Fall back on Manassas and unite with General Geary. FDWIN 11. STANTON Page 248 248 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. CATLETTS, May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Five thousand of my division are within 5 miles of Manassas this Im)Inent; also thirty pieces of artillery; General KimbaR commanding. He is instructed to enter Manassas at early light to-morrow morning, open communication with Colonel Geary, support him, picket railroad, & c. The rest are moving forward from here. All went by ordinary road cars. Will take baggage, stores, & c. There is no danger of Ma. nassas now, even if there are 18,000, as Geary says; but my opinion is that the force is small, and that this is a panic. To-morrow will show. If Jackson is here we will give him a bloody reception. It will be worse than Winchester, and will avenge Banks. JAS. SHIELDS, Major. General, Commanding Divmswn. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Gatletts, or on the road: General Geary reports as reliable that Jackson is advancing with a large force, estimated at 20,000, throngh Middleburg, to cut off his coli- nection by Aldie Gap and ilopewell Gap. He also reports heavy forces south of him, and that he cannot snccessfully resist. He thinks he can make Manassas, and he has been directed to fall back and unite at Manassas with General Duryea, who is ordered back from Bristoe. Your division should march at speed upon Manassas EDWIN M. STANTON & cretary of ?W MANASSAS, VA., May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Have arrived. Can get no information. One car here. No wood. Got no axes to cut it with. General Duryea has gone to Centreville. No one here knows where enemy is. Colonel Geary is retreating, they say, about 12 miles from here. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding Division. P. S.My advance is started from Catletts. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 26, 1862. (Received 8 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Eight oclock. Have arrived here. Find 3,000 men, including Coopers regiments, in a state of great demoralization, because of the terrible ~tojie~ the vurm~ways Banks, ~ straggling jn, I told by from who ca Page 249 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 249 will telegraph in about one hour further particulars. I am taking steps to communicate with Banks. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 26, 1862. (Received 9.20 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: I have set all the carpenters at work to plank the bridge, so that teams and men, and, if need be, artillery, can cross, as well as cars. That work will be accomplished in two or three hours, rendering a repetitiou of Balls Bluff impossible. The cannon are being placed in position. P. II. ~VATSOS, Assistant Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 26, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 2.45 ~. in.) Secretary of War: Have just returned fromu a short reconnaissance toward Charles- town. No enemy about, and the people report none have been nearer to this point than 12 miles. The force that pursued Banks stoI)ped their pursuit at Martinsburg, and, it is reported, returned toward Win- chester, as they said, to obtain re-enforcement. I do not anticipate an attack upon this place at present. It is reported that the railroad west of here is uninjured, the enemy not being disposed to stop to injure ~)roperty. Their sole object seemed to be to drive Banks across the river. Can obtain no definite information about Banks or the enemy, except that neither of them is at Harpers Ferry. I shall return to night. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 18623.10 p. in. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary, Harpers Ferry: Banks telegraphs from Williainsport that the enemy is driving in his pickets across the river. Everything of importance safeguns, ord- nance trains, and nearly all the trains. I think you had better remain twenty-four hours longer. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War, Monocacy: Push on as fast as you can. Banks said to be safe at Williamsport. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 250 250 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. FREDERICK, MD., May 26, 1862. (Received 7 p. ni.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I left Harpers Ferry an hour ago to obtain xx hat information I could from Virginia at the Point of Rocks, and to obtain by direct telegraphic communication with Captain Beck with, assistant corn inissary of subsist- ence at Hagerstown, more fall l)articulars as to the state of the enemys forces than I could obtain at Harpers Ferry. I have this moment (7 oclock) received the following telegram from him: HAGERSTOWN, May26. P. H. WATSON, A88istant Secretary of War: The force opposite Williamsport up to 3 p. m. was not known to be large. I had a messenger as far out as Palling Waters, 5 miles, who brought in 70 head of beef cat- tle at 1 p. in. I know of no point of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the enemys possession except Martinsburg. A telegram sent at 2 p. m. to the Secretary of War said: The enemy is reported to be marching on Harpers Ferry from Winchester. Rumor oDly has reached me of the strength of the enemy at Martinsburg. That does not make it large. My agent who went to Falling Waters said he saw their pickets there. General Banks is still at Williamsport Ferry. I am going to Williamsport, and will convey any message. It will take two hours to go and come, if I find him the moment of my arrival. E. G. BECKWITH, Captain and Assistant Comnzissary of Subsi8tence. The people who have come from the neighborhood of Leesburg and. Aldie, in the valley between the Blue Ridge and Catoctin Ranges of mountains, all say the enemy has not made his appearance in the neighborhood of either l)lace nor anywhere in Loudoun County between Suickersville and the Potomac. If the scouts of the enemy should ap- proach the Potomac below Harpers Ferry, I will direct a company of men an(l a piece of artillery to be placed at the Point of Rocks to guard the ford, to prevent sudden raids of small parties across the river. I shall return to Harpers Ferry immediately. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 18626.40 a. m. JOHN W. GARRETT, Esq., Baltimore: Is there any way to avoid the delay in transportation along the road between here and Harpers Ferry? A regiment is on the cars here and has been waiting f~r some hours, and is now waiting for the passenger train. We shall have 4,000 ready to be sent from here by noon. All other business on the road should stop, so as to give a clear track and ears for moving the troops. Can you not do this to-day? It is for the interest of your road as xvell as for the Government, and at the cost of the Government this should be done for the present. I hope you will order it at once. Individual convenience should yield to the urgency of the occasion. Private travelers can wait; so can merchandise. Devote the road entirely, with all its power, to time military operations on hand. EDWIN N, STANTON Page 251 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 251 CAMDEN STATION, Baltimore, May 26, 1862. (Received 11.10 a. in.) Hon. E. N. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have ordered that the 10 oclock passenger train from Washington shall not be run; also that all freight business shall be suspended. We anticipated this course on main stem yesterday, sending no passen- ger train to Harpers Ferry. The early trains to Washington were sent prior to my receipt of your dispatch, but I did not order their suspension, as the great Government mails would thus be interrupted, and I fear unnecessary excitement and alarm at the North. I beg to state that your slightest suggestion shall meet our most prompt, cor- dial, and effective co-operation and action. Trains with cars for the 4,004) troops arrived at Washington at about 7 p. in. yesterday, and 1, 4, and 4.30 this a. m. The first train loaded left, we learn, at 8.15 this a. in. I have required explanation of the delay of this train. The tracks will be clear, and all movements shall be made with all prac- ticable dispatch. I am just in receipt of the subjoined dispatch from an officer of our company: SANDY Hoox1O.30 a. m. Things remain here about as last night. Trains are arriving here regularly with troops, & c. Artillery have arrived and are now being unloaded. Secretary Watson has ordered bridge to be boarded over entire length, to cross horses and cannon. Mr. Heskit, road officer, has his force now working at [it]. Secretary Watson has also ordered our cars to be unloaded promptly on their arrival. This will help matters greatly. All are expecting a fight. We are now loading the 471 regulars for Harpers Ferry, who will leave in a few minutes. No passenger train will be sent to or from Washington this evening, unless you so desire. A train was sent to Harpers Ferry this morning. No passenger train will be sent for the remainder of the day. Uiider the prompt action of the Assistant Sec- retary of War we look for the early return of cars sent to harpers Ferry, so that our capacity will be largely increased. J. W. GARRETT, President. WILLJAMSPORT, May 26, 186210 a. m. Hon. E. N. STANTON: The retreat has been perfectly successful. This army has saved itself, its guns, train, and all its honor. For two days have they nobly con- tended against an overwhelming force four times their number, em- bracing certainly Ewells division, of thirteen regiments; Jacksons division, of thirteen Virginia regiments, and probably Johnsons force, from 3,000 to 5,000; a total not less than 20,000 men. Their line of battle at Winchester was 2 miles iii length, with twenty-eight regiments of infantry, with twenty-eight stand of colors, and outflanked our small force both right and left. Ewells force came on Front Royal by three routes and marched straight for Winchester to cut off retreats and re-enforcements, while ~Jackson came up in front above Strasbnrg. General Taylors brigade, of Ewells division, cOInl)Osed eutirely of Louisiana regiments, glutted their vengeance for the loss of New Or. leans said they neither asked nor gave quarter, while the citige~~ o Page 252 252 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD (CHAP. XXIV. Winchester showed their patriotism by firing from windows and be- hind fences. Many were shot down in the streets by civilians, and the so-called ladies zealously used their pistols. The hospital was shelled by the rebels and the sick in it bayoneted. Captain Collis and his company of Zonaves dAfrique taken prisoners. Major Collins, First Vermont; Colonel Murphy, Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania; Lieutenant- Colonel Parham, Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania; Major Dwight, Second Massachusetts; Colonel De Forest, Fifth New York Cavalry; Captain Penrose, assistant commissary of subsistence; Captain Crittenden ,as- sistant quartermaster; Captain Abert, Topographical Engineers, miss- ing and probably takemi. Captaimi Mudge, Second Massachusetts; Lieu- tenant Crowniushield, Second Massachusetts; Colonel Knipe (wounded in two places); Captain Cilley, First Vermont Cavalry, wounded. The entire loss of killed, wounded, and prisoners, for both days, will not exceed 1,500. Fifty wagons fell into their hands and five or six were burned. Some stores at Front Royal and Strasburg were captured; those at Winchester burned. A retreat of 58 miles in two days, with a constant running fight, attacked in front and rear and on either flanks simultaneously, by an enemy outnumbering four to one, securing the train, all the guns, three-fourths of the army, and finally crossing a river by a ferry only capable of carrying a hundred men once in twenty minutes, is an achievement to be proud of. Colonel Donnellys brigade crossed at Shepherdstown. A thousand exaggerated rumors are afloat, but the above is reliable. The enemy reported this morning to be occu- pying Martinsburg and moving on Harpers Ferry from Winchester. Shall return to that point this afternoon. The troops are completely exhausted. General Hatch is safe. JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-dc- Camp. WASHINGTON, May 26, 1862. General MCDOWELL: Just arrived, 11 oclock; find Banks intends crossing Potomac to Williamsport to-night. Saxton commands at Harpers Ferry. Shields will join his division in morning and pi-ess forward. Get Ords division forward as fast as possible. Report to Secretary Stanton progress as made in embarkation and forwarding. Ricketts brigade expected here by noon to-morrow. S. P. CHASE. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. Major-General DIX, Baltimore: Send, if possible, some artillery amid ammunition immediately to Harpers Ferry; we will replace it from here to-night. A few piec~s, at all events, should be sent instantly. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. General Dlx, Baltimore: Press forward the artillery to General Saxton with all haste. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 253 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, flTO.UNION. 253 WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. Major-General DIX, Baltimore: Thanks for your prompt attention.. We are sending also some heavier gnus from here, and will replace yonr battery. The artillery train will leave here in a couple of hours, but do not wait for it, but press yours forward. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1812. Major-General DIX: The reports indicating that the enemy are operating in force at Winchester will require you to exercise extreme vigilance upon the movements in Baltimore in your present weakened condition. It is doubtless unnecessary to warn you on this subject in reference to Fort Mdllenry and your other fortifications, as I suppose you are well ad- vised of the operations on Banks line. EDWIN M. STANTON. BALTIMORE, May 26, 1862. (Received May 26, 8.48 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: You may have heard that there has been some disturbance here yes- terday and to-day. It is, I think, now over. It did not amount to a riot. It was a crusade of the Union men against the secessionists. The military has been under arms, and I could have cleared the streets at any moment. I have all the powers I need, and shall use them if the proper time comes. JOHN A. DIX, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS DIVISION, May 26, 1862. Brigadier-General BAYARD, Commanding Cavalry, and General M. R. PATRICK: You will move your brigade at 7 oclock to-morrow morning along the Telegraph road to Mattapony River to ascertain the condition of the bridge across that stream, and, if possible, the exact direction of the enemys retreat. Endeavor to collect all the information from contra- bands, deserters, and others of the strength and destination of the force recently in our front. Push the reconnaissance as far as may be neces- sary to obtain the desired intelligence, but with the understanding you are to return to the camp you now occupy before night-fall. Let your men go in light marching order. Look well to your flank, and leave enough behind to guard your camp and train. Report to me the result of the reconnaissance on your return to camp. Very respectfully, RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General, Commanding Page 254 254 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 26, 1862. Brigadier-General KELLEY: Have you heard or seen aiz~ything of the rebel force that has been operating against Banks in the Shenandoah, at Winchester, and Mar- tinsburg 0? Do you know of any movement by the enemy west of Mar- tinsburg 0? State also where you last heard from General Fr~mont and where he is. Answer fully all you know or have beard on these points. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. BLENKERS DIVISION, Camp, eight miles from Franklin, Va., May 26, 1862. Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FR]~MONT, Commanding Mountain Department: GENERAL: According to your orders of yesterday afternoon, I will do my utmost to reach Petersburg this evening with the division. In consequence of the obstacles thrown in our way by the wagon trains of General Schencks brigade, we were prevented from proceeding farther. The roads were at several times positively blockaded by the upsetting of wagons, to such an extent as to prevent even the infantry from pass- ing by. We were compelled therefrom to interrupt our march every mile or two, which will account for our little progress. I trust to make good the delay by our march of to-day. I will proceed with the artillery and cavalry, because up to this moment our rear has in no way met with any evidence of the presence of the enemy. In case therefore of any desire on your part for re-enforcement in Petersburg, I will hasten the progress of both artillery and cavalry, in order to be there this even- ing. The infantry will follow as fast as circumstances will allow. I expect therefore to receive your orders. We arrived here last night at 8.30. Weather very dark. Just at this moment I received the report that a large part of our baggage and provisions is still at Franklin in consequence of the above- mentione(l obstructions in the road. I am, general, respectfully, LOUIS BLENKER, Brigadier- General. ON THE ROAD, One mile north of Paint Bridge, May 26, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, A. A. U., Mountain Department, Headquarters on the Road: COLONEL: I am here getting my infantry regiments together, to make a rush with them to Petersburg to-day. My artillery is behind General Stahels wagon train (which obstructs the road) and cannot possibly get forward. My men, who have been without food since yesterday at noon, are at length getting some hard bread distributed to them at the river. I find nothing more at this point except sugar, coffee, and salt. When they get up here I will have them fill their haversacks for the days provis- ion. The horses suffer most, however, and their condition just now is of most importance. Those in my batteries are entirely without forage Page 255 CHAP. XX1V.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 255 of which I find none here, and ther cannot drag the guns and caissons much farther without it. They are nearly all of them undersized horses in the first place, and now overworked and starved down; and I respect- fully submit that I be authorized to substitute for them the larger and stronger ones that I see in some of the wagon teams on the road. Jam, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ROBT. C. SCIIENCK. No. 11.] FLAT Top, May 26, 1862. Col. ALBERT TRACY, Assistant AdjutaM- General, Franklin: No change to-(lay. Grecubrier iRiver too high for troops to cross. Crook is therefore safe against any combination from that direction. Heth left his dead and some 60 wounded on the field. His flight was disorderly; arms and accouterments were scattered through the woods and along the roads. Everything shows that the defeat and rout were complete. I am looking anxiously for news from your direction. News of Banks retreat reached us to-day. J.D. COX, Brigadier~ General. MANASSAS, May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The following I find to be disposition of the troops: General Shields advance brigade is at Hay Market, on the way to Thoroughfare Gap, the Second Brigade close to the First; the Third is here, and the Fourth at Catletts. Of General Ords tlivision, two brigades, less two regi- ments, on the railroad between this and Alexandria, are here, and one brigade (Duryeas) at Centreville. The artillery and cavalry not yet ar- rived. On questioning General Geary as to the force of the enemy he tells me he estimates Jackson to have had 7,000, Ewell about as many, marching togetherbetween 14,000 and 15,000. I called his attention to his reporting 20,000, threatening to cut him oft, & c. He replied that he gave these as the reports he had received. General Shields has just received the following from the brigadier- general commanding his advance brigade: We are moving finely. Roads good. Geary burned 1,000 Eulield rifles and 700 car- bines, all new, and tents and clothing. This is the all-firedest scare 1 ever heard of. I want that cavalry and my baggage train. The railroad is all right. One or two baggage cars on the track are here (Ne~v Market) and one at Gainesville. The one at Gainesville is loaded with corn. NATHAN KIMBALL, Brigadier- General. The parties of cavalry sent out by General Shields have not as yet discovered any enemy. I was (lelayed in getting here by trains ahead of me loaded with troops. General C eary reports having decided the burning of the tents for want of transportation, but did not know of the arms. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major-General Page 256 25~ OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. 1011k?. XX1V. MANASSAS, May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Washington: Your telegram just received. I have already reported. The three brigades of Shields division between this and Thoroughfare Gap will continue their march to-morrow to Front Royal. The brigade at War- renton will join the division by the Warrenton turnpike. Ords divis- ion will follow as soon as it all gets up. We shall thus, while feeling for the enemy, still cover Washington. The only rumors we have as to the present position is of his being in the direction in which we are marching. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. OkTLETTS, May 27, 1862. General MCDOWELL: Where is Banks? Is Harpers Ferry safe? Where has the force gone that attacked Banks? Is there any information as to the force before General Geary? SHIELDS. WASHINGTON, May 27, 1862. General SHIELDS, Gatletts: Banks is at Williamsport and safe. Harpers Ferry is held by Brig- adier-General Saxton. General Geary reports the enemy to be march- ing by Aldie to cut off his communications, and thinks he has the whole of the enemy upon him. Saxton reports rumors of intention to attack him. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. CATLETTS, May 27, 1862. General MCDOWELL: I would prefer subsistence and forage at Manassas to re-enforcements at present. I do not believe the enemy is before Geary, but will ascer- tam that fact to-day. I regret that these men have been pushed Pr- ward, as I think unnecessarily. The whole, in my opinion, is a dig- graceful panic, and if he permits me to act on my own judgment I will not call for assistance until I know for a certainty there is an enemy in front of me. SHIELDS. CATLETTS, May 27, 1862. General MCDOWELL: I will open communication with Geary at Thoroughfare early this morning. I will support him if necessary. 1 will push forward my men and supplies to Manassas to-morrow early. I have plenty 8ubsiat ence and forage. SHIELDS Page 257 CORRESPONDENCE,- ETC.IJNION. 257 CATLETTS, May 27, 1862. General MCDOWELL: I will have 5,000 men at Manassas at 8 this a. in., and I will have all my command at Manassas at an early hour to-day. SHIELDS. CATLETTS, May 27, 1862. General MCDOWELL: I think there is no force before General Geary excel)t the cavalry of the mountains. II think the whole is a panic. I dont think there is 10,000 of the enemy at any one point in the Shenandoah Valley. I will send on my cavalry and scour the country in advance toward Front Royal as far as possible to-day. I want no assistance. My own divis- ion is snfficient for present emergencies. General Geary was not, in my opinion, in the slightest danger. All I will need is some forage and subsistence at Manassas to push me forward to Front Royal. I beg General McDowell to tell the President and Secretary of War that I will clear the valley of the Shenandoah of the enemy as far as I advance. I regret the panic that has been created in Washington that the force that created it was an insignificant one. Tell him that I hope to return to Fredericksburg as soon as I drive the enemy out of the valley of the Shenandoah. Ask if he has any special orders to give me other than what I have. S ELIELDS. CATLETTS, May 27, 1862. [General MCDOWELL:] JZ~EAR GENERAL: I hope yonr expedition below will be reorganized promptly. I hope to clear the valley of the enemy ns quick as I can march. I hope to rejoin you by the route you and I understand. It will be only a few days delay if I have subsistence and forage. Good morning. I will now take leave of you for the present and communi- cate with you at Manassas to-day. JAS. SHIELDS. - CATLETfS, May 27, 1862. General MCDOWELL: First Brigade is within 5 miles of Manassas. Thirty pieces of artillery with them. Second Brigade close to First. Third Brigade 5 miles from Catletts; Fourth Brigade and cavalry here. SHIELDS. MANASSAS, VA., May 27, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Department of the Rappahannock: GENERAL: I have seen General Geary, who is here. The whole panic is causeless. I am ashamed of it. Evidently the force which 17 u UVOL XII, PT H Page 258 258 oPw~A~uoNs IN N. VA., W. VA., ANP MD. (CHAV. XXIV. moved against Banks threw out a small force to observe our forces by way of the routes from Front Royal to White Plains and Berrys Ferry toward Aldie. Only a few hnndred men were seen. They had one or two pieces of artillery, an(I the moment they opened fire our men ran. Geary, with the most of his command, is here now. Some of his cavalry, he says, are at Aldie. The enemy has burned the bridges on tke railroad. I will soon flud out how far it is practicable, with your permission. This will L)e my disposition: Three of my brigades forward immedi- ately to Thoroughfare Gap. One brigade remains at Catletts, with instructions to push forward cavalry beyond Warrenton to observe. This brigade will join us by way of Hay Market. General Duryea will resume his former position, to guard railroad and depot. General Geary will march with his force by way of Aldie to Berrys Ferry, and when I get to Front Royal resume his positioii. Railroad and tele- graph lines to be repaired immediately. Everything as it was, except the commanders, who onglit to be replaced to save ns from disgrace. I will soon clear out the Shenandoah Valley. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding First Division. HEADQUARTERS, Alexandria, May 27, 1862. General SmELDS, Manassas: General McDowell is now here, oii his way to Manassas, whi cli he will reach as soon as the track can be cleared for his train, wh enhe will see you in regard to futnre movements. Keep yonr troops in hand for a l)rompt move. ED. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff. FREDERICKSBURG, May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: In compliance with General McDowells inatructions, I sent forward Bayards cavalry this inor;iing to make a reconnaissance along the sev- eral branches of the Mattapony River. He has just returned to his camp, 8 miles from here, on the Telegraph road to Richmond, and re- l)orts that lie pushed his reconnaissance some 10 miles in advance of his camp; that the stren ins are all easily crossed; that he saw nothing of the enemy, but that all accounts along the road concurred in stating that the force recently in our front was not more than 12,000 strong, and were Pilhing l)ack l1~Ofl Hanover Junction and Ashland. There seems~to be no reason to doubt that their destination is Richmond. If their retreat is not intercel)ted, the country for 20 miles in our front is el)tirely4ree from the enemy. I take the liberty of sending this dispatch to you, as I do not know where to address General McDowell. Very respectfully, RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General Page 259 ~iI1Ar. xxiv.i ~h~PoNbENd~, 1~SI~C. t4NiON. 259 WASHINGTON, Aldy 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of IVar: I occupied Centreville. No provisions, no foi~age, Po wagon train, no telegraphic communication. All quiet during the night. If this place is to be held it needs a stronger force. A. DURYEA, Brigadier- General. MANASSAS, May 27, 1862. (Received 2.10 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: The whole thing here was a shameful panic. There were only a few hundred of the rebels ever seen, and yet the railroads and telegraph lines were abandoned at their approach. General Geary is here. I have seen him, and this is my summing up. Send no more men. My (Ii vision is sufficient to recover the Shenandoah Valley if furnished with subsistence and forage. This is the problem to solve. The railroad ought to be repaired forthwith to Front Royal. Subsistence and forage forwarded after us. All but Gearys and Durycas command recalled, as they will only encumber us for want of supplies. Duryea goes back to his old position, to guard the railroad and Catletts; Geary to take the road by Aldie to Berrys Ferry; I to Front Royal. Some of my command are already scouring the different routesWarrenton route, for instance. The enemy will fly before us. We will intercept the force against Banks, if it is not already in flight. From all I can learn it was very inconsiderable; but some man of energy must be sent ~ o hold the valley or the mountain guerrillas will retake it. I cau rejoin Gen- eral McDowell by way of G-ordonsville. If you will send imie supplies and forage I will do the work myseJf. The others will be of no use to me. The whole was a stampede. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding First Division. MANASSAS, VA., May 27, 1862. (Received 2.25 p. 1.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I would respectfully recommend that ~ division be recalled to Alexandria and held there until I try the enemy iii the Shenandoah Valley, and that forage and subsistence be sent to me, to go on at once. There is nothing to apprehend. JAS. SHIELDS, [Major-General.] MANASSAS JUNCTION, VA., May 27, 1862. (Received 3.10 p. in.) Hon. E. Iii. STANTON, Secretary of War: Just in time to save us from a disgraceful stampede. I will recover the Shenandoah Valley and save all the railroads to Front Royal, t Page 260 260 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XX. VA., AI~D MD. [CHAP. XXtV. be promptly replaced, if supplies follow me to that point. My owii division is sufficient against all in the valley. Only supply me with subsistence and forage. Have the Manassas Gap Railroad repaired if you can, to follow me. The bridges are all burned beyond Thorough- fare Gap. This is a shameful affair. What I want is forage for horses and subsistence for men sent to this point and as far beyond as road is good. I take a special train and find out how far it is good. Alt is confusion here. It is a painful spectacle. iNo force of the enemy worth speaking of. They ran at the sight of rabble cavalry. I can retake the valley and rejoin General McDowell, but you must send new men to keep it. The women will take it if we dont. JAS. SHIELDS, Gommanding Division. MANASSAS, May 27, 186211.45 p. In. Hon. E. A. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington: I have arrived in advance of my brigade; one regiment with me and the others coming forward rapidly. Have reported by telegraph to General Shields. JAMES B. RICKETTS, Brigadier- General. MANASSAS, May 27, 186210.7 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: My command reached here last night. My cavalry still hold Aldie. I have telegraphed to General Wadsworth for orders to advance with cavalry. JI~O. W. GEARY Brigadier- General, Commanding. MAY 27, 18622.55. General GEARY, Manassas: Have you found out yet where the enemy~s forces are, and, if he has been in your neighborhood at any time, in what direction lie has gone I Answer immediately. EDWIN A. STANTON. MANASSAS, May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: My scouts report to-day that the enemys forces are still in the mountains at Ashbys and Manassas Gaps. From Ashbys Gal) they have sent advance troops toward Middleburg. From Manassas Gal) they advanced as far yesterday as Thoroughfare Gap. One haudred and fifty cavalry were seen, and a company of horse artillery, with four pieces, at 4 miles from the latter place. Each of these are reported t Page 261 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IJNION. 261 be part of the advance of large bodies of troops from Front Royal and Aslibys Gap. Troops were also yesterday seen on Pound Mountain, south of Thoroughfare Gap. My scouts were fired on yesterda~ near Thoroughfare Gap, in the mountains, several times. Large bodies of men have beeti seen daily since the attack upon Front Royal at both Ashbys and Manassas Gaps. The inhabitants of the valley between Blue and Bull Ridge Mountains have been exceedingly jubilant for several days at the prospect of the approach of their friends, the rebel forces, in sufficient number to attack Washington and liberate their rebel friends in Maryland. This they did not hesitate to announce. JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Manassas, May 27, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding at Mana~sas: Your note of to-day received. Any Enfield rifles and carbines, and also articles of clothing, that were destroyed yesterday were done so upon the responsibility of those who had them in charge. I did not know such things were therenot having been reported to menor did I give any orders for their destruction. After marching orders had bcen given, and the column was in mo- tion, Colonel Rorbach, of the One hundred and fourth New York State Volunteers, notified me that he had no transportation for his tents, and that he had piled them up preparatory to burning. I would here remark that these troops had only reported to me a few hours pre- viously, and had not stated to me this want of transportation until I was actually leaving the place. Knowing the importance of the mat- ter, I make this report in brief at your request. As soon as I can get the commanders to furnish details I will report them to you. With high respect, your obedient servant, JNO. W. GEARY. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 27, 18622 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: Just returned from Frederick, and find it is the impression here that an attack will be made this morning about daylight, the cavalry scouts having brought the intelligence from Charlestown that Jackson said yesterday he would breakfast in Harpers Ferry this morning. I do not apprehend an attack, but if one is made it will find us unprepared to meet it. The officers are all tired and asleep. Nobody but the sen- tinels awake, and essential means of defense that ought to be going ou to-night postponed until morning. The rule throughout this force is to do nothing that can be avoided, and nothing to-day that can be post- poned until to-morrow. No harm is likely at this time to result from such state of things, and General Saxton promises in a short time to work out a reform. To-morrow I shall see that all the cavalry is formed into a scouting party. I propose to send two small partie Page 262 262 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [CHAP XXIV. ahead on the two roads leading from here to Winchester and Martins- burg, each to be followed by a stronger party, and that in turn by a still tronger party, supported by two light guns. If the first party meets an enemy too strong to encounter it will fall back to the second, and both if need be to the third. By means of such a scouting party as this we can ascertain the force and position of the enemy if there be one within a days march. I shall further direct the Martinsburg branch of the scout to establish a communication with Banks in case no enemy is met, and they will take out with them an operator on the telegraph line to re-establish communication with places westward in case the enemy is not there, so that the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad may at once be reopened. After these things are arranged I shall leave for Washington, unless otherwise ordered by you. Owing to an inter- ruption in the telegraph circuit, an hoar has elapsed since I began this dispatch. It is now 3 oclock in the morning. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Colonel Strother and Colonel Clark, from Banks command at Will- iamsport, state that the infantry and transportation horses are so badly fatigued that it will be a day or two before they can move again; that his cavalry, 1,500 strong, is in good condition. It ought to scout the country toward Martinsburg and take possession of that place at once, and General Banks ought to return to that point immediately. In this neighborhood there is no force of the enemy, but a few squads of the enemys light horse, whose families live here, have taken advantage of the general panic to revisit their homes. The forces sent here seem to be very deficient in officers. The One hundred and second New York, which arrived this morning, had its colonelHaywardbut neither lieutenant-colonel, major, quartermaster, nor commissary, these officers being on furlough. It would add greatly to the efficiency of our forces if every officer was at once ordered to join his regiment, unless unable to bear arms by reason of physical disability. The forces here have no intrenching tools, neither have they shelter or other tents sufficient for their protection from the dews, which are heavy, and exposures to which generate miasmatic diseases of a very obstinate and malignant type. If these forces should move up the valley to join Banks they will want transportation. I leave in an hour for Washington. P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: From all information received think the enemy east side of Blue Ridge via Front Royal, leaving small bodies of cavalry to retire on our approach. They certainly left Winchester on Sunday, by different routes, after the battle, leaving their cavalry and artillery to continu Page 263 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 263 the pursuit, following our army but a few miles with their infantry. They will probably drive back General Geary, destroying the railroad, and when met by superior force will retire to XVarrenton pike, between Springville and Warreuton. The force is between 20,000 and 25,000 infantry and cavalry, with between forty and fifty pieces of artillery. Can hear nothing of any considerable force between here and Win- chester. Refugees and stragglers coming in constantly. Think I can- not be mistaken. Respectfully, yours, JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-dc-Camp. HARPERS FERRY, May 27, 18624 p. m. Hon. B. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: l)eserters and stragglers from vicinity of Charlestown, Berryville, and Winchester report no bodies of rebel infantry in this l)ortion of the valley. Some few parties of cavalry are returning up the valley. One numbering 40 or 50 passed through Charlestown to-day. A small party were at Shepherdstown yesterday, probably a portion of th~ same. Have heard nothing to-day to change the opinion expressed tli~ morning that the main body had retreated over the Blue Ridge. Respectfully, JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-d& Oarnp. HARPERS FERRY, May 27, 1862. Hon. B. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The emergency having passed for which you desire my special serv- ices, I shall, unless you direct otherwise, report to General Banks for my usual staff duty. Nothing later has changed my opinion that the main body of rebels has passed out of the valley, as 1 telegraphed this morning. The railroad bridge across the Opequon is perfect. Road j)robably uninjured. Small squads of cavalry are occasionally reported going south. JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-de-Camp. CLARKSBURG, VA., May 27, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Received a dispatch from my assistant a ~utant-general last njght from Cumberland, advising me that the rebels were in Martinsburg, but could give me no information as to their number or movements. Later he advised me that the telegraph line wa~ not working east of Sir Johns Rnn, and that the Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Regiment, gnardfng the railroad from Martinsburg to South Branch Bridge, in Hampshire County, had fallen back to that point. I therefore infer that Jacksons advance had taken possession of the railroad and telegraph as f~r west as Sir Johns Run. This is all the information I have, and the first Page 264 264 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. XXIV. have received that General Banks had fallen or been driven back. I have not heard from General Fr6mont for three days. He was at Frank- lin at that time. I am apprehensive that his supplies will be cut off at New Creek l)y Jacksons forces coming from Winchester by way of Romney. I have not force sufficient to protect them or the railroad if Jackson should move on me in force. I have been in the western coun- ties of this State, putting down a band of guerrillas, for the last two weeks. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. Col. ALBERT TRACY, CLARKSBURG, May 27, 1862. Assistant Adjutant-General: Is the general advised of the movements of the rebel General Jack- son I I am just informed by my agent at Cumberland that Jacksons forces are in Martinsburg, and that they are in possession of the rail- road and telegraph line as far west as Sir Johns Run. I am apprehensive about your supplies at New Creek, fearing Jack- son will send a force by way of Romney. If he does, 1 have not force sufficient to resist him. I have heard nothing from Banks, but presume you are fully advised of his whereabouts and what is the cause of Jacksons repossession of the railroad. B. F. KELLEY. Ko. 9.] MOUNTAIN DEPT.. HDQRS. IN THE FIELD, Petersburg, May 27, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Flat Top: Your No. 10 received. The commanding general has been ordered by the President to operate against the army now menacing General Banks, and is making forced marches toward his position. This leaves the department very much exposed. You must redouble your vigilance and do the best you can in your position. Enemy to-day is reported at Martinsburg, and in possession of telegraph line and railroad as far west as Sir Johns Run. TRACY. FLAT Top, May 27, 1862. Col. GEORGE CROOK, Lewisburg: General Fr6mont moves eastward to support Banks, leaving us to ourselves at present. Keep things snug and prepared for all results. ilalleck has Corinth and 20,000 prisoners. I expect your companies at Suinmerville to be relieved to-day. J. D. COX, Brigadier-G~rneral. A. STAGER: CUMBERLAND, May 27, 1862. Terrible commotion all through country, with some guerrilla war- fare. Sympatliizer.s greatly da4ed. ~jjegaJ Fr~mont left Peter~bur Page 265 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 265 this morning. We do not follow him with telegraph, but take down the line beyond Petersburg. I overheard General Banks message to Sec- retary Stantoti yester(lay, and as General Fr6mont was not informed I gave him the substance, that he night act intelligently. We work 40 miles east on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad line. Can you give us any news? Anxious. T. B. A. DAVID, As8istant ASuperintendent Telegraph. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 8.32 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: A scout sent out yesterday morning on the plank road toward Gor. donsville from Fredericksburg discovered a scouting party of the enemy and ran them about 7 miles. On the way were fired upon by an in- fantry party concealed and ahorse killed. Followed the cavalry quickly; fired on them, wounding one man, who fell from his horse, but escaped in the woods. They then came upoii a strong cavalry force drawn up on the road, which they did not venture to attack. After waiting a short while returned without molestation. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. MANAsSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 11.20 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: I have ordered Gerferal Geary, with 1,300 infaiitry, 700 cavalry, and four pieces of artillery, to march to Aldie, and thence by way of Mid- dleburg to Ashbys Gap, keeping up constant communication with Gen- eral Shields. The latter is pushing toward ~Front Royal. Will be sup- l)orted by the mass of Ords division. I have ordered Bayards cavalry brigade from Fredericksburg to Catletts, where it will arrive to-morrow. It will thence be pushed forward to Chester Gal), or, if it should be found that the enemy is retiring up the valley, toward Thorntons Gap. Colonel Haupt will be here to-day, and will begin immediately to re- establish our railroad communications. Matters are going ahead satis- factorily. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862[I p. in.] General MCDOWELL: Manassas Junction: General McClellan at 6.30 p. in. yesterday telegraphed that Fitz John Porters division had feught and driven 13,000 of the enemy, under General Branch, from Hanover Conrt-llouse, and was driving them from a stand they had made on the railroad at the time the messenger left. Two hours later he telegraphed that Stoneman had captured an engine and six cars on the Virginia Central, which he at once sent to coin inunicate with F. J. Porter. N~hing further from McClellan Page 266 266 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. If Porter effects a lodgment on both railroads near Hanover Court- House, consider whether your forces in front of Fredericksburg should not push through and join him. A. LINCOLN. WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862[2 p. in.] General MCDOWELL, Manassas Junction: General Saxtons dispatch, received at 1.5 p. in., reports intelligence from General Banks that two regiments cavalry and some infantry were at Martinsburg; that a prisoner states that Ashby was ordered to Win- chester yesterday morning, and withdrew with part of his cavalry and more artillery. General Banks says he shall occupy Falling Waters to-day, and believes that enemy is still strong at Winchester. EDWiN M. STANTON, & cretary of War. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 2.10 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Brigadier. General Kimball, commanding advance brigade of Shields division, reports as follows from Thoroughfare Gap: 9 a. m.I am in the Gap. My advance guard is beyond. The railroad is all right. So far all is moving very well. I will go to White Plains if not checked or counter- manded by your order. I hear nothing of rebels having been seen in this vicinity. There is a large amount of camp equipage of the One hundred and fourth New York Volunteers here. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, May 28, 18622.37 p. m. General MCDOWELL, Manassas: The following information is received, at 2.20 p. in., from the president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: Enemy yesterday afternoon at Martinsburg with artillery, infantry, and cavalry. Yesterday evening occupied Kearneysville, Smithfield, Charlestown, and drove in our pickets from Halltown. The pickets of two companies driven in from Loudoun Heights last night; 1 man killed, 2 wounded. A reconnaissance in forceone regiment infantry, one of cavalry, and two pieces of artilleryjust started for Charlestown. Colonel Miles informs me he last night ordered Colonel Campbell, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania, who is at South Branch, to reoccupy the railroad to Hancock, and to Back Creek if he can do so. The big gun planted on Maryland Heights has been throwing shell on Loudoun Mountain this morning. A white flag has just been run up on Londoun Heights. Our agent reports from Point of Rocks refugees crossing river, who report the en- emys cavalry at Leesburg, Waterford, and other posts in Loudoun, and ask that a company of soldiers be sent down. Colonel Miles has ordered one company of Manlsbys regiment down. They are now getting on the cars. It is probable that a raid might he attempted t~ destroy Monocacy Bridge, by which means rapid re-enforcenients, should they be required, would be cut off. I beg to suggest that it is important that that point should be strongly guarded. J. W. GARRETT, President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. This is the latest received. EDWIN M. STANTON Page 267 CRAP. XXTV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 267 WASHINGTON, May 28, 18623.20 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, lllianassas: Are you aware that there are but 300 cavalry under General Wads- worths command, and do you, as commander of this department, con- sider that an adequate force nuder present circumstances for the safety of Washington I General Wadsworth says that it is by your orders that the force here has been so much reduced. Please answer imme- diately. EDWIN M. STANTON, & eretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, May 28, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Washington: General Geary reports this a. m. that his scouts find nothing of the enemy this sid~e of the Blue Ridge. Nothing else of importance. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, May 28, 18624 p. m. General McDOWELL, Manassas Junction: You say General Gearys scouts report that they find no enemy this side of the Blue Ridge. Neither do I. Have they been to the Blue Ridge looking for them? A. LINCOLN. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. Hon. E. N. STANTON: Cavalry recounaissance beyond Warrenton shows no signs of the enemy in that direction. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, May 28, 18625.40 p. m. General MCDOWELL, Manassas Junction: I think the evidence now preponderates that Ewell and Jackson are still about Winchester. Assuming this, it is for you a question of legs. Put in all the speed you can. I have told Fr6mont as much, an(l directed him to drive at them as fast as possible. By the way, I sup- pose you know Fr6mont has got up to Moorefield, instead of going to Harrisonburg. A. LINCOLN. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 5.45 p. m. His Excellency the PRESIDENT: I beg leave to report, in reply to your telegram of this morning directing me to consider whether my force in fromit of Fredericksbur Page 268 268 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. should not push through and join the army under General McClellan, that I do not think, in the present state of affairs, it would be well to attempt to push through a part of that force, or to leave Fredericks- burg otherwise than strongly , which could not be doiie as the troops are now posted. I trust in a few days to be able to effect the object you have in view, and which no one desires more than I do. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 5.55 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: As department commander, I beg leave to report that I do not con- sider Washington City in any danger by reason of there being only 300 cavalry there. I have thought, and think, there is no military neces- sity for any greater cavalry force in the city than is sufficient for police purposes; and that the capital would be much better ~nd more satis- factorily protected by horsemen patrolling the country in front and keeping us informed as to the enemy than by anything they iiiight attempt to city itself. I did not know ho do in the , wever, the number was as low as 300. I thought General Wadsworth had a regiment of cavalry, or about three times the iiumber you report. I just learn that part of the regiment I thought was with him is now at Aldie, under Brigadier-General Geary. I never sent them there nor placed them under him. I will order to General Wadsworth a part of the First Michigan Regiment, amounting to 419, which I found here also under General Geary. How it came so I do not know. The regiment was in an unserviceable condition when I found it, the horses all requiring shoeing, which I have had attended to, and by to-morrow morning they will be able to go to Washington. Very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, May 28, 18627 p. m. Major.General MCDOWELL: The following telegram has just been received from General Saxton: HARPERS FERRY, May 28. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I found the enemy so strong beyond Charlestown that I was obliged to fall back to this place after driving them through Charlestown. They were re-enforced by njne pieces of artilThry and large force of infantry. At least 6,000 or 7,000 in Charlesto~n or in front of me. I expect an attack at night or in the morning. In the affair of to-day I lost 1 captain and 6 or 7 men taken prisoners and 6 or S wounded. Our troops retired in good order, and are in position. Cannot troops be sent to guard the railroad in my rear? R. SAXTON, Brigadier-General. EDWIN M. STANTON. WASHINGTON, May 28, 18627.12 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: You will exercise your own discretion as to whether you will send the Michigan cavalry here or employ them anywhere else. It is for you Page 269 CHA?. XXIv.1 COR1~SPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 269 as the department commander, to determine. I was myself surprised to find the number here so small, and thought you ought to know the exact force here, so as to decide the question as to whether the force be sufficient. The Indiana cavalry were sent to Geary on Saturday on the emergency of his request to have them for scouting purposes. EDWIN M. STANTON. WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Following received from Brigadier-General Hamilton: HARPERS FERRY, May 28, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: There is very little doubt that Jacksons force is between Winchester and Charles- town. His troops were too much fatigued to pursue Banks. A large body of rebel cavalry is near Charle~town now. Jackson and Ewell were near Bunker Hill yester- day at noon. Of this there is no doubt. A. LINCOLN. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862: (Received 7.20 p. in.) His Excellency The PRESIDENT: In reply to your last telegram acquainting me with the position of Jackson and Ewell I beg leave to report that I am pushing Generals Shields and Ord upon Front Royal with all expedition possible. As soon as the railroads can be unloaded I will use them to get the troops forward, so that nothing shall be left undone to catch them. To guard against all enances please have the water transPortation retained at Aquia Creek sufficient to bring up a division, with its artillery, from below if it should be needed. I will have one held ready to move up at short notice. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. FREDERICKSBURG, May 28, 18628 p. in. Major-General MCDOWELL: The following is just received from General King: I sent out cavalry both on Bowling Green road and Telegraph road o Richmond. They proceeded from 12 to 15 miles. Saw nothing of the enemy, but learned from contrabauds who left Hanover Court-House Junction that the whole of the forces recently ia our front left the Junction to re-enforce Jackson Sunday a. m. They were about 15,000 strongfourteen regiments infantry, small body of artillery, and fourteen companies of cavalry. They were well acquainted as to force and move- ment. Colonel Kilpatrick reports, who dirccted the reconnaissance, Ishall push the cavalry still farther out to-morrow, in hopes of obtaining additional information. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. (Same to Fr6mont and McClellan. Page 270 270 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. tdHAP. kxtV. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 11.18 p. in.) His Excellency The PRESIDENT: I beg to assure you that I am doing everything which legs and steam are capable of to harry forward matters in this quarter. I shall be deficient in wagons when I get out of the way of the railroad for trans- porting supplies, but shall push on nevertheless. IRVIN McDOWELL. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. (Received 11.20 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: In view of the information jnst received from General King through you this p. m. 1 propose to order General Kings (livision to re-enforce the movement I am directing, to follow as soon as he can, unless I re- ceive other orders from the Department. Please telegraph soon. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON? May 27 [28], 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The following telegram has just been received: WILLIAMSPORT, May 28, 18624.35 p. m. A skirmish took place this morning between the rebels and the Tenth Maine near Falling Waters, 8 miles in front. One ~vas killed and 1 was wounded. I have just received information that 4,000 of the enemy are advancing on Falling Waters. They will make an nttack. They have five pieces of artillery. N. P. BANKS, Major-General. This appears to furnish new evidence that the enemy are still up there. EDWIN M STANTON. WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Dispatches from Saxton state as follows: HARPERS FERRY, May 28. luformation from Martinsbnrg as late as 1 p. m. yesterday. The rebels have burnt Opequon Brid ~e and the trestle work at Martin sburg. R. SAXTON. HARPERS FERRY, May 28. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: 28th.The party I sent out this morning ~vas attacked near Charlottesville [Charles- town], and I have sent reenforce,iients. There is no doubt but Ewell is between that place and Martinsburg, and that Jackson is at Winchester, moving in this direction. H. SAXTON, Briqadier-General. EDWIN M. STANTON Page 271 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPOND1l~NcE, ETC.PNtO~. ~71 WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The following disp~:teh from Saxton just received: HARPERS FERRY. Hon. E. M. STANTON: A reconnaissance of on~ regiment of infantry and six companies of cavalry and a section of artillery was made this morning to Charlestown. The officer commanding, Colonel Schiandecker, One hundred and eleventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, reports, at P2 in. to-day from that village our advance guard was fired upon about half a mile east of the town. Our loss two wounded. Several of the enemy supposed killed. We hold the town, and have sent up re-enforcemeuts. SAXTON. The above is the latest. EDWJN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS, Manas8as, May 28, 18~2. Hon. E. M. STANTON: All quiet thus far. The artillery and cavalry of Ords division halted at Bacon Race Church, hearing we had evacuated Manassas. They have been ordered forward immediately. J was in error yesterday in saying that Shields Fourth Brigade, which is at Catletts, was under orders to join the main body of the division for Thor8ughfare Gap. It is still at Catletts, guarding that Place. Can any of the regiments which have been sent to Washington be ordered out to guard this place, so as to free Shields and Ords divisions for operations iii advance ~? IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862. General McDOXvELL: General Fr6xnont, instead of moving to Harri~onbnrg, has retired to Moorefield. I communicate this, as it seems to indicate that any movement by your forces toward Strasburg would be ineffectual, and that you should go toward Charlottesville if you wish to overtake the force which overthrew Banks. Mr. Watson returned last night, and thinks that force was inconsiderable, and did not advance beyond Winchester. JAS. S. WADSWORTH, Brigadier- General. WASHINGTON, May 28, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I sent the Indiana cavalry to Geary after consulting the Secretary of War. I still think it was right. I ordered Geary to advance his cav- alry until he saw the enemy. He does not seem to have done it. JAS. S. WADSWORTH Page 272 272 OPElIAflONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. MANASSAS, May 28, 1862. Brigadier-General WADSWORTH: I asked about the Indiana cavalry because the Secretary seemed to reproach me for stripping Washington of troops. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. HEADQUARTERS, May 28 [?], 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Division: DEAR GENERAL: The major-general commanding desires you to move your division on the line leadiiig through Thoroughfare Gap to Front Royal. The three brigades now on the march are to be joined by the one at Catletts as soon as that place can be occupied by a force to be sent immediately from Washington. Whilst urging your march as much as is consistent with its entire efficiency for action at any moment, you are (lesired to keep your bri- gades in supporting distance of each other, and impress upon all coin- manders the necessity of keeping the ranks closed up, so that we may be ready for any emergency. You have received a copy of the instruc- tions to General Geary; keep him also advised of your progress and of anything which may in any way affect or interest him. Department headquarters will be either at this place or on the line of your march. Communicate with them frequently, as often as anything occurs, and in any event at least twice a day. Major-General Ords division will follow you as soon as he can get on the march. I will endeavor to have him soon within supporting dis- tance of you. He has yet to get his wagons, which will soon be done. The depot for your supplies will be established as close to your com- mand as the present condition of the railroad will permit, and the rail- road will be re-established as soon as possible. You will take with you a telegraph operator and re-establish telegraph communication. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. RECTORTOWN, May 28, 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: The engine and train have come on safely, and have brought us into town about half an hour ago. My First Brigade is already here. Second and, I think, Third Brigade are close on its rear. I hope you haverelieved the Fourth Brigade at Catletts Station, and that it is forwarded on the road to join us. Please see to this, and push it forward as soon a~ pos- sible. Let me know whether it is relieved and en route. The railroad is good to this point. Only one watering station to this point needing immediate repair; this owing to the good disposition of the inhabitants, for it has been abandoned to their mercy for several days. Telegraph line is all uninjured. We picked up four railroad cars on the track which they had abandoned; also some other articles of public property. When out this side of Thoroughfare Gap we found a heap of ruins, being the remains of arms and accouterments, cooking utensils, army stores, and various articles of public property, burned on Mo Page 273 CHAP. XXIV.] 273 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. day evening by the cavalry under Geary. A building used as a rail- road depot burned by them at the same time. The One hundred and fourth New York are reported to have burned all their tents at the place which is called Broad Run. No enemy is to be found in this region, and no enemy approached the place until our troops abandoned it, when a few straggling cavalry came on and, finding nothing to oppose them, burned the bridge between here and Front Royal. I hope no effort will be spared to repair them im- mediately, to counteract, as far as possible, the shameful effects of this shameful panic. I will remain here till my whole command comes for- ward and until supplies reach me, which may be forwarded immediately by rail. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding Division. GAINESVILLE, May 28, 1862. Colonel SCHRIYER, Manassas: The railroad is good to this place, 8 miles from Manassas. Telegraph lines good. Seen nothing but abandoned wagons. Public property abandoned at Gainesville by Gearys men cannot be found. Country people have doubtless carried it off. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding Division. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Jiianassas, May 28, 1862. General JOHN W. GEARY: Sun.: It is the direction of Major-General McDowell that you move with your command, except the One hundred and fourth New York Vol- unteers and the First Michigan Cavalry, in a direction indicated by Major-General Shields (Aldie). The One hundred and fourth and the First Michigan will remain here. You will please report to General Shields frequently and to these headquarters and nowhere else. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHRIVER, Lieutenant-Colonel and Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS, Manassa~, May 28, 1862. Brigadier-General MCCALL, Falmouth: Instruct General King to move his whole division early to-morrow morning to Catletts, Warrenton, and White Plains. Make arrange- ments to have that division of the pontoon train which is provided with horses and under Captain Swett, of the Third Maine Battery, to come with the wagons of Major Houston, for which one company of Kings cavalry well serve as an escort. They are to move on to this point via Dumfries and Brentsville. Let 300 beef cattle, now at Fahuouth, be driven with Kings division to Catletts. Acknowledge the receipt of this. By order of General McDowell: ED. SCHRIYER, Chief of Staff. 18 B BVOL III~ PT II Page 274 274 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXrW WASHINGTON, May 28, 18622.30 p. m. JOHN W. GARRETT, Esq., Camden Station, Baltimore: Your dispatch received.* The information had not been communi- cated to this Department. Please inform General Dix, and also com- municate to me everything you may learn. Call on Gefieral Dix for any force he can supply to preserve the communication with Harper~s Ferry. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 28, 18622.30 p. m. General DIX: Please use all the force at your command to preserve the railroad communication with Harpers Ferry and to keep you advised. EDWIN M. STANTON. CAMDEN STATION, BALTiMORE, Hon. E. M. STANTON: (Received May 28, 1862, 7 p. in.) I have communicated fully with General Dix, as desired. He has ordered to Monocacy, to be forwarded as soon as practicable, six com- panies of Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Regiment and four 6-pounders. We are prepared to load them as soon as they can reach the station. Mr. Diffey again telegraphs from Harpers Ferry: Skirmishing since .9 this a. m. General engagement now going on. General Sax- ton and Colonel Miles on the field. All kinds of minors afloat. Enemy between Charlestown and Hailtown re-enforced. J. W. GARRETT, President. WASHINGTON, May 28, 186210.35 p. m. Major-General Dix, Baltimore: It is all right. The Seventh New York is to remain in Baltimore. I thought perhaps some other New York regiments had reached you, and that they might be required to remain with you under preserit~ emergencies. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., ]Iiliay 28, 1862. Colonel HAUPT: SIR: You are hereby appointed chief of construction and transporta- tion in the Department of the Rappahannock, with the rank of colonel, and attached to the staff of Major-General McDowell. You are authorized to do whatever you may deem expedient to open for use in the shortest possible time all military railroads now or here- * See Stanton to McDowell, 2.37 p. in., p. 266 Page 275 ChAP. XXTV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 275 after required in said department; to use the same for transportation under such rules and regulations as you may prescribe; to appoint such assistants and emp1oy~s as you may deem necessary, define their duties, and fix their compensation; to make requisitions upon any of the mili- tary authorities, with the approv~J cf tLC commanding general, for such temporary or l)ermanent details of men as may be required for the con- struction or protection of lines of communication; to use such Govern- ment steamers and transports as you may deem necessary; to pass free of charge in such steamers and transports and on other military roads all persons whose services may be required in construction or transpor- tation; to purchase all such machinery, rolling stock, and supplies as the proper use and operation of the said railroads may require, and certify the same to the Quartermaster-General, who shall make payment there- for. You are also authorized to form a permanent corps of artificers, or- ganized, officered, and equipped in such manner as you may prescribe; to supply said corps with rations, transportation, tools, and implements by requisitions upon the proper departments; to employ civilians as foremen and assistants, under such rules and rates of compensation as you may deem expedient; to make such additions to ordinary rations when actually at work as you may deem necessary. You are also authorized to take possession of and use all railroads, engines, cars, buildings, machinery, and appurtenances within the geo- graphical limits of the Department of the Rappahannoek, aud~ all au- thority heretofore given to other parties which may in any way conflict with the instructions herein contained are and will be without force and effect in the said Department of the iRappahannock from and after this date. By order of the President, Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States: EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. MCCLELLANS HEADQUARTERS, May 28, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your dispatch to General McClellan, forwarding a copy of one from General King, this moment received. The force which he speaks of as having left to re-enforce Jackson was, from all we learn from prisoners, the same that General Porter whipped so severely yesterday. R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff. WASHINGTON, May 29, 18621 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: Your telegram just received. I have no orders to give. You have all the facts before you that the Department is in possession of, and I leave it to you to direct such military movements as the exigency, in your judgment, requires. A telegram from General Banks states that he has information tha Page 276 276 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, AND MD. ICHAP. XXIV. it is the enemys design to invade Maryland and Washington. He re- ports the enemy to be in force before him at Williamsport, and also threatenin~g Harpers Ferry. Fr~inont was heard from this evening 10 miles east of Moorefleld. He was informed of the position of the enemy, and has orders to move upon him. Considering the condition of the force in Washington, I submit it to your judgment whether at least a part of Kings force should not be brought here. Is it not possible that the Potomac may be crossed be- low Harp& s Ferry ~ If this be done in any force, Washington City will be in danger with only its present garrison. General Meigs sug- gests this latter contingency, and thinks the safety of the city requires an increase of the garrison. The transportation has been ordered to Aquia Creek, and the movement can be made as soon as the troops can reach the wharf. EDWiN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TIlE RAPPAHANNOCK, Mianassas, Allay 29, 1862. (Received 5.40 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have ordered Kings division to move immediately to this line to go against the rear of the enemy, now between Winchester and the Potomac. I think it better to concentrate than to divide the force now in the field. I do not believe of the enemys ability to cross the Poto- mac in force and go down on Washington. They are neither bold nor strong enough, and we are neither weak nor timid enough, for that. Generals Banks and Saxton are able and will prevent tiiefr passing the river if they have any such intention. I think they will be abun- (lailtily satisfied if they force us to burn the bridge and destroy the ferry. I think the garrison of Washington might be increased from the North, but it would be a most damaging confession of weakness in us to throw into it our forces from the fielda step only to be justified by a degree of probable danger to which I do not think we have arrived. I shall push Shields and Ord forward to-day as far as legs and steam will allow. Shields was at Rectortown last night. Railroad and telegraph in order to that place. Bridges burned over Goose Creek. I may be short of wagons when I get to the end of railroad. I have supplies on the Fredericksburg line which are coming over, and I hope to make a shift with what I have till they come up or I get some more from Washington. I will spare nothing to get forward, and hope to be able to do so rapidly. Ords division is new and but imperfectly organized and provided,~still I trust to get it ahead. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding MAY 29, 1862. (Received 11.40 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Supply train ran off the track at Thoronghfare Gap and has blocked up the road. General Shields telegraphs from Rectortown that he need Page 277 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 277 these supplies to continue his march to Front Royal. Men engines, and tools have been dispatched to get the train on the track. Ords division and Shields Fourth Brigade are pushing along. I do not think the accident will delay us materially. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. WASHINGTON, May 29, 186212 m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassa8 Junction: General Fr6monts force should, and probably will, be at or near Stras- burg by 12 (noon) to-morrow. Try to have your force or the advance of it at Front Royal as soon. A. LINCOLN. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 29, 1862. (Received 12.45.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Major-General Shields has just reported his arrival by rail at Rec~ tortown and that his First Brigade is already there, the other two being close in its rear. The telegraph line is all uninjured. Four railroad cars, which had been abandoned, were picked up on the track, as well as some other articles of public property. A mile this side of Thorough- fare Gap there was found a heap of ruins, the remains of arms, accou- terments, cooking utensils, & c., burned on Monday evening by the cavalry under Geary. A building used as a railroad depot was burned by them at the same time. iNo enemy is to be found in that region, and none approached Rectortown until it had been abandoned by our troops, when a few straggling cavalry, finding no opposition, burned the bridges between Front Royal and Rectortown. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. MANASSAS, May 29, 1862. (Received 5.45 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Major-General Shields reported an accident on the railroad at Thor- oughfare Gap which he feared could not be repaired under twenty-four hours, and that this would detain him nearly a day. I sent him the Presidents telegram, and he reports he will make such arrangements that will enable him to be in Front Royal before 12 oclock m. to-mor- row, with his other two brigades within 4 miles of the town by the same hour. Since then the locomotive and force sent from here have repaired the break in the road, and the trains are expected to move through to Rectortown without further hinderance. I have sent heavy trains to help Ords division along, and learn it is making good progress. Bay. ards brigade has arrived at Catletts, and will march to-morrow for White Plains or Rectortown. Everything seems to be getting along well now, notwithstanding this mornings trouble. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department Page 278 278 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS, ]Jfanassas, May 29, 1862. (Received 11.10 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: It has been reported to me that faint sounds of cannon have been heard at Aldie, Itectortown, (Jatletts, and this place, in the direction of Harpers Ferry and Winchester. I have heard nothing. Has any notice of an engagement been received at the Department ~ IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, May 29, 186211.30 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: A dispatch just received, 11 oclock p. in., fiom Assistant Secretary of War, at Harpers Ferry, states that Jackson with his forces were near there at sundown, plainly contemplating an attack. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. (The same to Banks, at Williamsport, and Frdmont, at Moorefield.) WASHINGTON, May 29, 186212 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL: Your telegram received. There was no engagement at Harpers Ferry as late as sundown; but Watson, who is there, says Jacksons forces appeared at 4 oclock in the afternoon, and plainly contemplated am attack. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IIAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Division, Rectortown: I have just learned that the engine and train off the track at Thor. oughfare Gap are now on again, and that the track will be in running order in a few minutes. There is forage and subsistence for you on the cars, which will soon be liberated. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Division, Rectortown: I have received a telegram from the President, saying Major-General Fr6monts force should be at Strasbnrg by 12 in. to-morrow, and the President adds that he wishes my force, or the advance of it, may b Page 279 CHAP. XXIV.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 279 at Front Royal as soon. We must not disappoint the expectations of the President, if extraordinary exertions will enable us to fulfill them. Tell me how much subsistence you have now on hand and how many beef cattle. Will not a short march this afternoon and an early one to-morrow bring you to Front Royal by the time indicated? IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. BECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: May I ask if there is any news from General Banks or of the enemy of the Shenandoah Valley by way of Washington? JAS. SHIELDS. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, ililianassas, May 29, 1862. IMaj. Gen. JA~vir~s SHIELDS, Rectortown: General Saxton reports from Harpers Ferry that he drove the enemy yesterday through Charlestown; that they were re-enforced and came back with 7,000 infantry and nine pieces of artillery, before which he retired in good order. General Banks reports the enemy on his front in force. Yesterday it seemed to be the opinion in Washington that the enemy intended crossing the Potomac and threaten, if not actually march on, Washing- ton. General Fr~mont is at Moorefield, and is ordered, as we are, by the President to push after the enemy with all speed. The question now seems to be one of legswhether we can get to Jackson and Ewell before they can get away. General King reports from Fredericksburg that he has received information from persons from Hanover Junction that Andersons army of 15,000 men had gone by way of Gordonsville to join Jackson. I have ordered Kings division to Catletts, thence to Warrenton and to White Plains, to follow after ns. The Secretary of War suggested, at the instance of General Meigs, to send part of Kings division to Washington to guard it from an at- tack from Jackson, who might come upon it from near Harpers Ferry. But not feeling there was any danger of an attack from that quarter, I have not changed Kings destination. You see from all this how im- portant it is for us to get forward to settle this difficulty in one way or another. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department. HEADQUARTERS, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Rectortown: Taking things as they are, how soon can you have your advanced brigade at Front Royal? There are important reasons, sent me in cipher, for knowing this. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General Page 280 280 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CRAP. XXIV. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I can march two brigades to-night, with two days rations in haver- sacks. I have a supply of beef for threedays. I can be there before the hoar designated. Will put my command in motion, leaving th& wagons to be loaded when train arrives, leaving an escort to protect them when they follow me. SHIELDS, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS, May 29, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Rectortown, Va.: How about the two remaining brigades? Have they supplies so as to follow with rations in the haversack, or can you not issue a plenty of fresh beef so as to get them along and have them, with your artil- lery, in supporting distance? IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General. MAY 29, 1862~. General MCDOWELL: Three of my brigades are here in hand. The Fourth Brigade has not yet been heard from. My artillery is all consolidated again. The forge is again at workshoeing horses. If I had forage I could g~ forward to Front Royal immediately. It is only 20 miles distant. But for this accident to the commissary trains I could be in Front Royal to-night. If you can push forward the forage train and give me forage I can leave on its arrival. JAS. SHIELDS Commanding. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: If all this be true I see the necessity for immediate action.* I can be in Front Royal to-morrow night. As I may need my whole command, I hope you will send other troops to guard the railroad and depots be- tween Manassas and Front Royal. (Aearys commaiA is more than sufficient for this, aiA can only in this way be made useful. In any event they are making you scatter your command too much. If you could concentrate Ricketts division at Front Royal while I follow the enemy north it will be able to support me. I can give you more definite information from Front Royal, and I hope you will have sent forward repairers, with tools, to complete tele- graph line to Front Royal by to-morrow night. Shall I make my med- ical depot at Manassas at present and send back my sick there? Six pieces of ordnance for my division are reported to have arrived at Alexandria. Are they the Napoleon guns? Captain Ferguson, of Alexandria, seems to have charge of them. If they are the Napoleon guns, can I have them here by to-morrow morning? They would mak& * Reference probably to McDowells dispatch, p. 279 Page 281 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 281 an excellent reserve battery. I have sent to bring forward my Fourth Brigade to make an early move to-morrow morning. Let them know in Washington we will be in Front Royal to-morrow night. Will you send Ords division on after me? If so, I will take the Strasburg turnpike road and he can take the Front Royal road. In that case the enemy cannot es~cape us. General, have you any particular suggestions as to the course to pursue? JAS. SHIELDS, - Major-General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RiPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Division, Reetortown: DEAR GEm~Rir~: You shall go forward with your whole division none left behind for guards. Ords division shall be on your heels if I can get them there. I am sending out large trains to get Ord up with you immediately. The accident at Thoroughfare Gap will not detain us many hours. Forage and subsistence are on the way to you. Colonel Haupt has joined us, and will go forward and see to rebuilding the bridges up to the Shenandoah. We cannot afford to wait for that, so we must make our arrangements to operate for the present from Front Royal. Telegraph repairs will be commenced to-morrow to Front Royal. I cannot now say as to your sending your sick to Ma. nassas, but think they will have to be sent to Alexandria. The guns at Alexandria are the Napoleon guns. I am afraid it would only embar- rass us to try to substitute them at this late moment, with everything taxed to the utmost, as we are. I will soon be with you in person. I intended going to your headquarters to-day but for the accident which has blocked everything up. Have you heard from General Geary yet? IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Col. E. ScUHIVER, Chief of Staff: All well, and everything going on finely. Pioneers felling trees to reconstruct bridges from here to Front Royal. All we want for that purpose are three or four kegs of spikes. We have picked up tents, private baggage, swords, and even commissions, which Gearys officers threw away. JAB. SHIELDS. Commanding Division. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Cel. E. ScHEIVER: General Shields desires to have more forage above all things; then commissary stores. Troops are not needed at all. There is no forage here, and tke horses are weak for want of grain. Nothing heard of the enemy. Only a small guard at Front Royal. It seems, if we get spikes Page 282 282 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. the bridges to the latter place will be reconstructed by to-morrow even- ing. SHIELDS. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1802. General MCDOWELL: I have not yet heard from General Geary, nor has he yet arrived at Aldie. Let me suggest that 1,000 troops is sufficient to guard the rail- road and station at Catletts; 1,000 infantry and 400 cavalry sufficient to guard the railroad from Manassas to Front Royal. One company of cavalry at Ashbys Ford is as good as a thousand. All the rest be poured into the valley at once. This railroad can be completed in two days to Front Royal. That point will furnish us with ample sapplies for any operation in the valley if the road is well managed. I would be in Front Royal to-night but for mismanagement of commissary train. I will now take leave of you to put my command in condition to move, hoping to have the pleasure of conversing with you to-night at any hour you may name. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS: What you suggested as to force for guarding railroad had already in effect been ordered. IRVIN McDOWELL. Major- General, Commanding 1)epartment. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Colonel SCHUIVER, Chief of Staff: My four brigades are now here in hand. The cavalry, four com- panies, still at Catletts. Pray relieve them. My eight companies of cavalry only give me 200 men - cavalry , not enough. Can you give me more Nothing delays me but the commissary trainoff the track. I will take up my line of march for Front Royal at 5 oclock to-morrow morn- ing if train or subsistence arrives. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. RECTORTOWN, May 29, 1862. Col. E. SCHUIVER, Chief of Staff: The train has just arrived. Now all is well. The last men of the divis. ion have just left town. I start by 5 a. in. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General Page 283 CHAP. XXTV.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 283 HEADQUARTERS, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Brig. Gen. G. D. BAYARD: General McDowell wishes to have your command at Front Royal as soon as is consistent with the welfare of your horses. Can you march to-night, taking yonr artillery with you, and sending the Rifle battal- ion by rail? Forage will be up in an hour. He wishes to keep your horses in good condition, so that they will be serviceable when they arrive. Answer, with particulars. SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. CATLETTS STATION, May 29, 1862. Major BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General: If absolutely indispensable I will move, but the Pennsylvania regi- ment can go to-night, if they have a good feed, as far as Hay Market without injury. Bnt I think it would be best to allow the Jersey horses a nights rest. I can go with the battery and Pennsylvania regiment, and Jersey regiment will follow in the morning. GEG. D. BAYARD, Brigadier- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, May 29, 1862. Brig. Gen. G. D. BAYARD, Commanding Brigade, Catletts: The general wishes you to move across to the line of the Manassas Gap Railroad, striking it at White Plains, Rectortown, or Thorough- fare Gap, and telegraph which. Acknowledge the receipt of this by telegraph. SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. MAY 29, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I send the questions and answers of my conversation with General Bayard, but have not given him definite orders. Do you wish him to move as he says he can? The train now up will bring the Rifle Battal- ion. I will give him orders to that effect. SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. Question 1. When did yonr command arrive at Catletts? Answer. Half past 1 oclock this afternoon. Question. Are they in condition to march to-night? Answer. Each horse had two ears of corn this morning. They have had nothing since Page 284 284 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (Ca& .~. xxiv. Question. Have you any artillery and what? Answer. Four mountain howitzers, but the men have never been drilled even once. I have just ordered two drills a day. Question. Is the iRifle Battalion in condition to take the train down to-night? Answer. Yes. Question. How strong is the Rifle Battalion? Answer. Two hundred and sixty-four. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, May 29, 1862. Brigadier-General MCCALL, Commanding at Fredericksburg: I have received no acknowledgment of my order of yesterday for the march of Rings division in this direction. Did it come, and when does King move? He must push ahead as fast as possible. Telegraph me immediately. Turn over to King all the wagons, loaded with hard bread, coffee, and sugar, intended for the march of your division. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. FALMOUTH, May 29, 1862. Major-General McDOWELL: Your dispatches, 1.30 a. m. 28th and 5 a. m. 29th, have only this mo- ment reached me. I have ordered King to march without a moments delay and push on as fast as possible. The operator reports that he is the only one here, which he says is the cause of his not receiving the message at night. I shall inform you of all that passes here. GEG. A. MCCALL, [Briaadier- General.] FALMOUTH, May 29, 186211.50 a. m. General MCDOWELL: I sent the order by telegraph to General King at 6.15 this, morning. He is here. Informed me his division is in motion; is about to cross. Your orders respecting his movement have all been communicated to him. All quiet in front. GEO. A. MCCALL, Brigadier- General, Commanding. FREDERICKSBURG, [May 29, 1862]. Col. E. SCHRIYER, Manassas: At 7 oclock this morning I received the first notice by telegram to move my division to Catletts, & c. At that time my infantry was from 6 to 8 miles in advance on the various roads leading to Richmond. It required several hours to get the orders distributed and the differen Page 285 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 285 brigades on march. They are now at 2.30 p. in., nearly all across the river and en route for Catletts. dur progress will be impeded by.a heavy train and large drove of cattle, but we shall make all possible haste. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General. MAY 29, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: General Duryea has arrived and is camped on the other side of the Gap. Some twenty-three cars (empty) are here. Shall I send them to Rectortown? To-night two or three suspicions horsemen have been chased into the hills by my vedettes. The conductor, Mr. Mayo~ re- ports that by waiting till 5 a. m. to-morrow and giving him the right on the road he can take my whole division to Rectortown in the fore- noon. E. 0. C. 011W, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS, Mana8sas, May 29, 1862. Major-General ORD, Bieadquarter8: General McDowell orders that you march on Front Royal as rapidly as the means, including the railroad train, at your disposal will permit, till you get within supporting distance of General Shields, and con tinue in that Position. ED. SCHBIVER, Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, En route, Aldie, Va., May 29, 1862. Major-General McDowELL, Comdg. Dept. of the Rappahannock, Manassas Junction, Va: GET~IERAL: Arrived here with my command this morning. No enemy here~ I have cavalry on both the Snickers Gap and Little River turn- pikes advanced in the direction of the Blue Ridge, who as yet have reported no enemy. I heard cannon firing from the direction of Win- chester for a few minutes this morning. I expect to advance with my command beyond Middleburg to-night. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 29, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I arrived here about 3 oclock with the guns. The enemy was driv- ing in our pickets when I a~ived, and I went to the outposts to see what was going on. The enemy is in considerable force in this vicinity, and commanded by Jackson. Clouds of dust raised by his marchin Page 286 286 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. showed him to be coming from Charlestown to within about 4 miles of this place, when his forces turned off at right angles, both to the right and left; one portion toward the Shenandoah and the other toward the Potomac. He is evidently meditating an attack upon this place, and appears to be acting as if unconscious of the approach of our forces. His advance guard ifred a few cannon-shots at our pickets about sun- down without doing any harm and then retired. General Hamilton is not wanted here. General Slough has made a favorable impression on all. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. I{DQRS. FIRST DIv., DEPT. OF THE SHENANDOAH, Williamsport, ]IJid., May 29, 1862. W. S. KING, Surgeon, U. S. Army, Medical Director Dept. of the Shenandoah: I have the honor herewith to submit the following return of the sick and disabled men of General Shields division, aiid also of the few sick of the First Division, who constituted the general hospital at Strasburg. It may be incomplete and incorrect in a few particulars, owing to the hospital books and records not being in my possession. By my order they were placed in one of two wagon loads of medicines and hospital supplies which were loaded at Strasburg as soon as we sent the sick away. One of these wagons came directly through to this point in safety; the other was unladen for the use of the hospital in Winchester and the contents left behind. The books, unfortunately, were in that wagon. From examination of many of the clerks and attendants and by consultations with Drs. Baer and Coover, assistant surgeons at that hospital, I am enabled to make the following statement, which I believe to be tolerably correct: I may state in a few words the previous condition and number of the men forming the hospital during the week previous to its being broken up. On the removal of the sick from New Market, Woodstock, and Mount Jackson to Strasburg an attempt was made to collect the whole together at one station on the margin of the town, beside the Presby- terian Church. Dr. Stone, who acted as quartermaster and commissary in a most efficient manner, deserving of all praise, and whom I have to regret the loss of by capture, had tents erected for the housing of the sick. At the same time our sick came down there were also sent from Gen- eral Shields command a large number of disabled men unfit to march; not absolutely sick, but feeble, weakly, and generally unfit for service. The provost-marshal at Strasburg declining to take charge of them, they were turned over to the care of the surgeon in charge of general hospital, Dr. S. C. Blake, surgeon Thirty-ninth Illinois Volunteers. This number of disabled men was very great, and formed the great mass of the general hospital. The general hospital then consisted of the sick of General Williams division, the sick of General Shields division, and the disabled men of General Shields division and the relative numbers were, on the 11th of May: Sick of General Williams division 61 Sick of General Shields division 84 Disabled men of General Shields division 87 Page 287 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 287 The relative proportion of each division in hospital was: General Williams division 61 General Shields division 954 Total 1,015 During the two weeks following the number of the disabled was diminished by granting furloughs to some and discharges to others, and a large number were returned to their regiments via the Manassas Railroad in two separate detachments; thus of General Shields divis- ion there were: Furloughed 54 Discharged 20 Returned to duty by hospital surgeon 124 Returned to duty by provost-marshal 21 219 During the same time a number of men left hospital without leave, and may be classed as deserters, about 100 Total (lischarge from hospital grounds previous to May 25. 319 During the fortnight between the 10th and 25th May there were 50 deaths, and dnring the same period 34 new cases were taken in from camps ontside, leaving to be accounted for on the morning of the 25th May- as follows: Of General Shields command: Received rations on that morning prior to being ordered to leave hospital 450 Removed in wagons to Winchester as being too sick to march 78 Left behind on grounds as too sick to move, with the necessary attendants, but with hope of removal in course of that day 65 593 The whole tabulated thus: Received at Strasburg of General Shields command. - 954 Discharged 20 Furloughed 54 Returned to regiment 145 Died in hospital 42 Removed in wagons 78 Left behind in hospital 65 Received rations and marched 450 Deserted - - - 100 Total - 954 These figures represent as near as possible the disposition of General Shields men on the morning of the 25th May. Of the number who re- ceived rations and marched (450) only 180 are accounted for at this date; the rest may be classed as scattering. I have the honor to be, yonrs, with respect, THOMAS ANTISELL, Brig. Surg. Vols., Med. Director First Div. and Chief of Hospital at A3trasburg. No. 10.] MOUNTAIN DEPARTMENT, IN THE FIELD, Near llfoorefteld, Allay 29, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Flat Top: A report from Coldnel Cranor, dated Piketon, May 18, states that all the guerrilla bands have been driven out from his valley, and that th Page 288 288 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. country in that vicinity is peaceful and quiet. He estimates the forces at Abingdon and the Salt Works at 7,000, and at Liberty Hill from 3,000 to 4,000. Owing to the difficulty of supplying Colonel Cranor in his present position I have directed him to move two-thirds of his force to Prestonburg, leaving the remainder at Piketon, where it flow is. J. C. FR1~MONT, Major. General, Commanding. HEAn~uARTERS, ARMY IN FutLD, Camp ten miles east of Moorefield, Va., May 29, 1862. Brigadier-General Cox, Flat Top Mountain: Jacksons, Johnsons, and Ewells forces operating near the Maryland line. The number of rebel forces cannot be great to protect the Ten- nessee and Virginia Railroad. It is difficult to give positive orders from such a distance, as your own knowledge of the rebel forces and their position in your front must ultimately direct your course of opera- tion. But, in the judgment of the commanding general, the present moment seems to be the most favorable to dash with your combined forces upon the railroad, to destroy the New River Bridge and as much of the track as can be done without endangering the forces under your command, and then fall back upon your present position. In this move- inent it would be of vital importance to march unencumbered with any baggage, and if need be, to live on fresh meat and salt alone. Operator at end of line will convey the order of the general to com- manding officer to send forward this dispatch with all possible speed. ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General. No. 12.j HFAADQtTkRTERS~ Flat Top, May 29, 1862. Colonel TRicy, Assistant Adjutant-General: No change in this vicinity. I think it best not to advance from here until the condition of affairs is restored in the Shenandoah, as the road to our rear would be too open. ~. 1). COK, Brigadier- General. FILAT Tor, May 29, 1862. Col. GEORGE CROOK Commanding TAird Brigade, Lewisburg: Matters are in such condition in the northern part of the department that even if we had transportation it would not do to advance beyond Lewisburg till we hear further from General Fr6mont. I will advise you as soon as I hear what has been done to regain the ground lost by (~eneral Banks. I expect to give you an extra train of twenty mul Page 289 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 289 wagons very shortly. The country northeast of you is so open now that any advance of yours would give the enemy the chance to get be- hind you, and Jacksons force is being actively used in that way just now. Your official report of the battle of the 23d is receive(1. J. D. COX, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, Lewisburg, May 29, 1862. Capt. G. M. BASCOM: General Banks defeat reiiders my l)osition very unsafe. (Joiise- quently I fall back to Meadow Bluft~ to-day, when I will be quite as near y6u as I am here. GEORGE C ROOK, Colonel, Commanding Brigade. WASHINGTON, May 30, 18626 a. ni. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: Dispatches just received from Harpers Ferry state that we are still in possession there and the pickets only were driven in. Mr. Watson is up there, and will probably report before long. EDWIN M. STANTON. WASHINGTON, May 30, 186210 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas Junction: I somewhat apprehend that Fr6monts force, in its present condition, may not be quite strong enough in case it comes in collision with the enemy. For this additional reason I wish you to push forward your col- umn as rapidly as possible. Tell me what number your force reaching Front Royal will amount to. A. LINCOLN. MANASSAS, May 30, 1862. His Excellency the PRESIDENT: I am pushing forward everything to the utmost, as I telegraphed the Secretary of War last night. Major-General Shields did not think he could make Front Royal before to-night. I sent him your telegram and asked him what could be done by extraordinary exertions to accomplish your wishes that the advance of my force should be at Front Royal by 12 oclock noon to-day. I informed him of the position of afihirs, and how necessary it was to get forward. He fully appreciated the case, and said he would go without supplies, except what the men could carry themselves, and would place two brigades at Front Royal by 19 R RVOL XIII PT II Page 290 290 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ICHAP. XXIV. noon and two other brigades within 5 miles of Front Royal by the same time. It will require driving to accomplish this and the day is hot. I am urging General Ord forward with all the physical force of the railroad and moral power of a strong representation of the nrgency of the case. He will be beyond IRectortown to-night. General Shields has 10,900 men and General Ord 9,000about 20,000 between them. Bayards cavalry brigade will amount to about 2,000; Gea rys will amount to abont 1,500; all this will give abont 21,000 men for offensive operations, the others being required to guard the railroad and bridges in the rear. I have had to leave a regiment of Ords division to guard Catletts Station, and shall be obliged to leave the place weakly gnarded and have guards at all the bridges in the rear. Kings division will be at; Catletts to-morrow, and I shall endeavor to have it forwarded to this place by rail. It will not be in time for the battle, but will be found very useful in this quarter. i~1ay I ask the force that Major-General Fr6mont will have with him at Strasburg and what division will he have? Will Blenkers form part? I am about m6ving my headqnarters to iRectortown, to which point we have the telegraph. Can any of the force coming to XYash- ington be sent to guard the railroad and free the men belonging to the advanced divisions? They should, if possible, be not weakened. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major. General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, May 30, 186211 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: A telegram from Mr. Watson, just received, states that the enemy are advancing upon Harpers Ferry; that our troops are demoralized, and some of them already have run away. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 30, 186212.40. Major-General MCDOWELL, Rectortown: Your dispatch of to-day received and is satisfactory. Fr6mont has nominally 22,000, really about 17,000. Blenkers division is part of it. I have a dispatch from Fr6mont this morning not telling me where he is, but he says: Scouts and men from Winchester represent Jacksons force variously at 30,000 to 60,000. With him Generals Ewell and Lon.gstreet. The high figures erroneous of course. Do you not know where Long- street is? Corinth is evacuated and occupied by us. A. LINCOLN. WASHINGTON, May 30, 18622.30 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL: Herewith I send a telegram just received from General Frdmont.* Sec Fr6mont to the President, May 29, Part I, p. 647 Page 291 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 291 The (lispatch is dated of last night, and the point he says he ~vill be at 4 oclock Saturday afternoon is Strasbnrg, or as near it as it may be to the enemy at that time. I direct Fr6mont to come to time as fixed by himself, an(I you will act your discretion, taking this information into your calculation. A. LINCOLN. PIEDMONT, May 30, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received May 31, 5 p. in.) Washington, D. C.: I was disappointed on arriving at this place at 12 in. to find General Ords division here, only 5 miles from its camp of last night (though I had ordered them to leave their knapsacks), and in much confusion. I reproached General Ord for the condition of his command and Thr its not being farther ahead. He pleaded sickness, and that he had not been well for several (lays, and was now unable to hold a command, which lie turned over to Brigadier-General Ricketts. I have told General Ricketts to have his division at Front Royal by to-night. I have received a report from Brigadier-General Geary, who says some of his command have gone through Asfibys Gap over the river, (lii ving in the enemys pickets. Kings division is on the road by rail front Catletts, but the road is not yet in good running order, and I do imot (Ollilt on the generals being up even with his infantry till to- mimorrow. The First Brigade had not left as late as 11 a. in. I hope time railroad bridges will all be repaired by to-day and the cars run- ning within a mile of Front Royal to-night. IRVIN MoDO WELL, Major- General. RECTORTOWN, May 30, 1862. (Received 7.30 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: I have not heard from General Shields since lie left this morning. His command is in front. General Ords two advanced brigades are 5 miles infrontof this. Hisrearbrigadeis bet~veen this and Tlmorcughfare Gap. Bayards brigade is at Thoronghfare Gap by this time. I l)assed him on my way here. Kings division is near Catletts, and if we can, with Mr. Haupts invaluable aid, extricate the trains from the confu- sion into which they have all been thrown by our driving things ahead so tbst, I hope to have part of his infantry as far as this by to-morrow. This place is filled with stragglers and broken-down men from every l)ligade. We are little by little getting things in order. Cannon firimig has been heard from the front during the day. Nothing has been heard from General Geary, who is to the north of ns. General Shields has miot as yet sent back word of his progress. Half of his Provision traiim is still here. I received here the telegram from the President concerning General Fr6inont. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General Page 292 292 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, May 30, 18629.30 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Rectortown, Va.: I send you a dispatch just received from Saxton at Harpers Ferry: rue rebels are in line of battle in front of our lines. They have nine pieces of ar- tillery, and in position, and cavalry. I shelled the woods in which they were, and they in return threw a large nnmber of shells into the lines and tents from which I moved last night to take up a stronger position. I expect a great deal from the bat- tery on the mountain, having there 9-inch Dahigren bearing directly on the enemy~s ai~proaehes. The enemy appeared this morning and then retired, with the intention of drawing us on. I shall act on the defensive, as my position is a strong one. In a skirmish which took place this afternoon I took 1 horse. The enemy lost 2 men killed and 7 wounded. R. SAXTON, Brigadier-General. It seems the game is before you. Have sent a copy to General Fr& mon t. A. LINCOLN. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 30, 18622.30 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL: Our forces are retiring across the river at Harpers Ferry, supposed to be from the advance of the enemy. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 30, 1862. Major-Geueral MCDOWELL, Rectortown: A dispatch from Grafton says as follows: Prisoners i)elollging to Thirty-third Virginia Infantry brought into Romney last night confirm what (leserters said about Jackson, Ewell, and Johnson being around Winchester with about 20,000 men. They have had scouts olIt 10 miles from Winchester. EDWIN M. STANTON. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 30, 1862. Geiieral MCI)OwELL: Accounts from Harpers Ferry state that oUr trool)s are now being driveim over the river. The attack commenced at 2 oclock this a. in. JAS. S. WADSWORTH. MAY 30, 1862. Brigadier-General MEIGS, Quartermaster- General: I received the Presidents telegram, sending me a copy of a dispatch from General Frdmont, in which the general said he would be at Stra Page 293 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 293 burg by 5 oclock p. m. Saturday, and giving at the same time an ac- count of the broken-down condition of his men, and referring to the opinion or protest of his medical director that the men must have a days rest as a reason for not being up sooner. I leave here in a few minutes for Front Ro~ai. Telegraph me to this place till I establish an office near headquarters. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, May 30, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: On the day you left here I ordered Lient. Washington Roebling, son of the suspension bridge builder, to report to you for duty in charge of a wire-rope-bridge equipage, which had been prepared under his super- intendence and delivered to Mr. MeCallum for crossing the Simenan- (bali and repairing the bridge at Front Royal. This material would l)erhaps be most serviceable. He was directed to confer with Colonel MeCallum and then to report to you for duty. I hope he is with you, and that the ropes are also available If not, Lieutenant Roebling and Colonel McCallum ought to be able to get them forward. M. C. MEIGS, Quartermaster-General. [MANASSAS, May 30, 1862.] General JAlvws SHIELDS: Cannot you push on to Front Royal by the railroad, drawing your supplies from the terminus of the railroad line b IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. FRONT ROYAL, VA., May 30, 1862. General MCDOWELL: The enemy is at Winchester. His force is variously estimated at fi-oni 20, 00() to 40,000; mOst J)robably its amount is 20,000. Jackson, Ewell, and Ed. Johnson have united their forces at that place. A large force from Richmond is reported to have already entered the valley and to be marching in this direction. Fr6mout has not yet reached Strasburg, and I fear that he will not reach it in time. Ords division should be pushed forward, but with supplies, or it will starve here with- out them. The railroad should be put in order at once, but from what I saw they have neither workmen, tools, nor bridge spikes provided. All now depends on activity. Kings division ought to be ordered into the valley at once. Duryeas and Gearys, leaving enough to guard the railway, should be pushed forward [to ] and Berryville, to fall upon the flank. Banks and Saxton should press close on his rear when he begins to fall back. The railroad should be put in working or(ler in two days. No effort or expense should be spared to effect this. A body of workmen, with tools and bridge spikes, should be employed on every bridge be Page 294 294 OPERATIONS INN. VA.,W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. tween here and Rectortown, which I learn are six in number. Fr6- monts forces should be pushed forward by (lirect orders from Washing- ton. If all this be done with activity, the enemy will be captured or cut to pieces. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. CATLETTS STATION, May 30, 1862. General MCDOWELL: I have just arrived here. Your dispatch is receive(l. My infantry will all be here by 9 a. ni. to-morrow. rplie news will stir them all up. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General. THOROUGHFARE GAP, May 30, 1862. General MCDOWELL: I am here with two brigades. Duryca expected tonight. Major I)uffie, with your headquarters guard, is here. General Bayards cav- alry, Duffie thinks, will be here to-night. My trains are just coming in. Remote and faint sounds heard here from our north rese slow firing; probably at Harpers Ferry. E. 0. 0. ORD, M~ijor- General. THOROUGHFARE GAP, May 30, 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff! I shall start at 5 a. m. Should use all the transportation available, and will leave as per dispatch of this morning. E. 0. .C. ORD, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Upperville, Va., May 30. 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Or Officer in- Command of Division: I arrived at this place about noon to-day. I have already sent you two (lispatches and have received nothing in reply, and am lookino- for a communication from you. During the forenoon I heard heavy cannonading from the direction of Charlestown or Harpers Ferry. My cavalry scouts, under Colonel Anisansel, of First Virginia Cavalry, 150 strong, are at Snickersville, scouting the neighborhood of Snickers Gap, and up to 7 oclock this evening they have not reported the pres- ence of any enemy. My cavalry scouts of Third Indiana, under Colonel Carter, report having crossed the river at Berrys Ferry to-day and pushed within 6 miles of Winchester and 12 of Front Royal. He found pickets or scouts on the mountains on each side road, at Ashbys Gap, and occasionally along the road to the river, at the river, and beyond. his advanced guard pursued Captain Boswell, of General Jacksons staff, but he mad Page 295 CHAP. XXTV.] C0R1~ESP0ND~NCE, ETC.UNION~ 295 his escape. He also reports that the enemy have some cannon, and, as the general impression, from 400 to 600 cavalry. There are various rumors as to the number of men in the valley, and as to where they are placed. Colonel Carter is now at Ashbys Gap, with some of his force at the top of the pass on this side of the river. My scouts at both gaps are now on the qui vine to (liscover the exact position, movements, and numbers of the enemy, the results of which I will advise you as soon as ascertained. From a variety of sources, principally secession, I learn that Jack- sons force is between 25,000 and 30,000 strong. The evidence in con- veying this information is sufficiently corroborative to give it some de- gree of credence~ Very respectfully, & c., JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. MANASSAS, May 30, 1862. Brigadier-General BAYARD, Gatietts: The general has your telegram about supplies, and wishes to know whether you are still at Catletts. If so, when do you go forward ~ ED. SCURIVER, Chief of Staff. MANASSAS, May 30, 1862. Brigadier-General KING: Take your three days subsistence from your train. The herd of sub- sistence cattle is to go with the cavalry and artillery train. The in- fantry is to go by railroad train from Catletts, via Manassas, as far on the railroad to Front Royal as they can carry them. The artillery, cavalry, cattle, ahd wagons to go to Thoroughfare Gap, and as much farther on the Front Royal road as they can go with due regard to their efficiency. Jackson, Ewell, and Johnson are near Winchester with 30,000 men. We shall be behind them if we are quick in our movements, and if I have my old division we will whip them. The whole country is looking with anxiety and hope. The railroad train will be at Catletts to-mor- row morning. Shields is near Front Royal. Ord is 4 miles beyond this. Corinth is evacuated. IRVIN McDOWELL. Six MILES FROM CATLETTS, May 30, 1862. Col. E. SCURIVER, Chief of Staff: My infantry will be at Elk Run, 5 miles from Catletts, this afternoon. The trains and artillery are up with them. The cattle and subsistence trains received from General McCall will halt 2 miles back of this point. How soon will the railroad train be ready for the infantry l Can I get three days rations, required by the or(ler sent me through General McCall this morning, at Catletts or shall I take them from my ow Page 296 296 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. train? Is it expected that the cattle subsistence train will g6 with the artillery and cavalry to Thoroughfare Gap l Pray send any order or information you may have. My aide, Lieutenant Beukard, will take this to the telegraph station at Catletts and await answer. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas Ma General MCCALL, ~i 305.50 a. m. Commanding at Fredericksburg: Brigadier-General King reports that his march is encumbered by the quantity of cattle and the large train he is taking along. Send out im- mediately an officer to overtake him, with instructions to the general to leave behind whatever may not be necessary for his march. You will at the same time send out a suitable force to take charge of whatever General King may leave. Inform the general that at Catletts he will most probably find large and immense railroad trains sufficient to bring forward the whole of his infantry fresh. Let him leave his artillery and train to come across from Catletts to Thoroughfare Gap on Manassas Railroad, nuder the escort of the cavalry and such additional guard as he may think necessary. Have the infantry take with them three days rations from Catletts. It is important General King should get his division over here with dispatch. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. FALMOUTH, May 30, 1862. General MCDOWELL: Dispatch relative to the march of General King received. I have given all the orders you require to be communicated to General King and others concerned. All quiet in front. It is reported that Ander- son, Field & Co. have gone to Gordoiisville, and that a force of 3,000 (questionable) is between that point an(l Fredericksburg. CEO. A. MCCALL, Major- General. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 30, 1862. (Received 10.55 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Just returned from outposts, about 11 miles off. The enemy is ap- proaching with four guns, a large body of cavalry, and a column of infantry. Our pickets have run in. The forces here behave very badly. They are stampeded and are ntterly unreliable. Colonel Maulsbys Maryland regiment had charge of the arsenal, containing about 300 tons of ammunition. They had charge of the commissary and quarter- masters stores, and were detailed to guard the town. All the soldiers abandoned their posts, and left the city, ammunition and stores niu Page 297 CORRESPONDENCI~, ETC.tYNION. 297 guarded, fled across the river, arid Colonel Manisby reported that he coul(l not bring them back to duty. They are Maryland Home Guards, and ought all to be dismissed from the service in disgrace. General Slough has the post of honor. He commanded on the Virginia side, and will do all that can be done with such troops as he has. General Saxton commands on the Maryland side. General Banks is sending a force down the river to Antietam Furnace Ford to prevent the enemy from crossing above this place. In the course of an hour we shall be able to ascertain with more certainty the force of the enemy, and whether he is making a feint or attacking in earnest. The second gun is nearly in position. P. II. WATSON, Assistani Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, VA., May 30, 1862. CReceived 2.15 p. in.) To the PRESIDENT: The enemys skirmishers in small numbers have approached very close to our outposts, but the main body appears to have retired. No attack will now be made, I think, by the enemy. Our forces are posted, one-half on Bolivar Heights, on the Virginia side, where they are in- treuching, and the other half on the Maryland Heights. The second large gun is mounted on the Maryland Heights. Heavy firing or thunder, it is not known which, has been heard in the direction of Winchester. The force we have here, although large iii numbers, is useless for offensive purposes. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. Abstract from Return of the Middle Department, Maj. Gen. John A. Dix commanding, for May 30, 1862. Command. Department headquarters, Baltimore, Md Annapolis, Md Baltimore, Md Coopers brigade * . Drummondlown, va Fort Delaware, Del. Fort McHenry, Md Franktown, va Havre de Grace, Md Philadelphia, Pa . . Railroad Brigade f Miscellaneoust Total Present for ~ duty. a, S 0 ________ a~ a~ ~a .~ ~ c55 uJa ec+~ a~ a~ a -1 21 3 24 25 25 :36 704 774 788 802 148 2,859 3, 186 3,787 1,798 :1,700 36 646 778 797 799 15 319 363 368 372 32 664 793 841 841) 3 82 90 - 92 95 24 647 706 724 2 1 3 3 3 1,892 1,464 317 5,925 6,717 7,425 11,790 Brigadier-General Cooper ordered to Harpers PeTTy, and his brigade disbanded May 25. The First Maryland Cavalry, Third Maryland volunteers, One huudred and eleventh Pennsylvania voliiuteers, and Battery L, First New York Artillery, went with him. No report fiom this command. The Second Delaware proceeded to Fort Monroe May 28, and the Puruell Legion to Harpers Ferry May 27. The Seventh, Twenty-second, and Thirty-seveut,h Regiments New Yoik State Militia the llrst about 800 strong, the second abont 450, and the third ahont 610 (which have nla(le no rel)ort), will make the aggregate of troops encamped in and about Baltimore and in this department about 9,000 Page 298 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. TROOPS IN THE MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, MAY 30, 1862. 1st Maryland (E. S.), Cot. J. Wallace. 37th New York Militia. 2d Maryland (F. S.), Cot. E. Wilkins. i 10th New York Cavalry, Lient~ Cot. W. Irvine. M aryland (Purnell) Cavalry. I 67th Pennsylvania, Cot. J. F. Staunton. Massachusetts (detachments). 87th Pennsylvania, Cot. G. Hay. 3d New York, Col. S. M. Alford. 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry (battalion), Lient. Cot. 4th New York, Cot. A. W. Taylor. J. A. Galligher. 5th New York Heavy Artillery, Cot. S. Graham. Pennsvlvaoia batteries (four). 7th New York Militia. United Stales Infantry. 22d New York Mititia. 2d U. S. Artillery (detachment), Battery I. RECTORTOWN, May 31, 1862. (Received 4.40 a. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Major-General Shields reports from Front Royal that the enemy is at Winchester, his force variously estimat& xI at from 20,000 to 40,000. .Jackson, Ewell, and Edward Johnson have llIIite(l their forces at that l)lace. A large force ~otn Richmond is reported to have already en- tered the valley and to be marching in this direction. This force is most probably Andersons Aruiy of the Rappahannock, from before Fredericksburg. General Shields says: Fr6mont has not yet reached Strasburg, and 1 fear he will not reach it in time. Ords division should be pushed forward, but with supplies, or it will starve here without them. The railroad should be put in order at once, but from what I saw they have neither workmen, tools, nor bridge spikes provided. All DOW depends upon activity. The railroad should be put in working order in two days. No effort or expense should be spared to effect this. A body of workmen, with tools and bridge spikes, should be em- upon every , , learn, ployed bridge between here and Rectortown which I are six in number. Since the general passed over, the indefatigable Colonel ilaupt has been along with his bridge party from the Fredericks- burg line; has already rebuilt two of the bridges, and expects to have the whole repaired and the road opened to Front Royal to-night. The rain-storm, which cOlltinlies violent, may delay us; but it will be worse for the enemy, who has no railroad, than it is for us. Our successful attack upon their rear cannot fail to make the enemy fall back from the Potomac both from before General Banks and General Saxton. I beg to suggest that it would be well if these officers were to hang upon the enemys rear and keep up a continued attack. It will demoralize him. Moreover he cannot now continue, even if he is in any great force, before either of them. I shall try and get forward the infantry of Kings division by railroad from Catletts, and if the road were in good condition, and we could be sure of no accidents, I might count upon having it forwarded by to-night. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. RECTORTOWN, May 31, 1862. (Received 9.50 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Saxtons telegrams of to-day to you received. He does not seem to be aware of my advance having retaken Front Royal from his questioti as to where is General McDowell. Please say we are pushin Page 299 CRAP. XXIV.) CO1U?ESPONDENCE, ET~XtTNION. 299 everything ahead. If he holds on he wont have to do so long, for the enemy will be on the retreat soon, and he will be the pursuer. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding. HnQus. DEPAUTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Reetortown, May 31, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: I have the gratification to report that my advance, consisting of the First Brigade of the gallant Shields division, Brigadier-General Kim- ball commanding, preceded by four companies of the Rhode Island cavalry, under Major Nelson, entered Front Royal at 11 oclock a. m. yesterday, the 30 instant. His Excellency the President will see that we are alieadof time. The advance drovc out the enemy, consisting of the Eighth Louisiana and four coliLl)anies of the Twelfth Georgia, and a l)ody of cavalry. Our loss is 8 killed, 5 won nded, and 1 missingall from the Rhode Island cavalry. We captured 6 officers and 150 men. Among the officers captured are Capt. Beckwith West, Forty-eighth Virginia; Lieutenant Grinnell, Eighth Louisiana; Licuts. J. W. Dixon and Waterman, Twelfth Georgia. We recaptured 18 of our own troops, taken by the enemy at Front Royal a week ago, among whom are Maj. William D. Collins, First Vermont Cavalry; George H. Griffin, Fifth New York Cavalry; Lieutenant Dwyer, Fifth New York Cavalry, and Frederick C. Tarr, adjutant First Maryland Infantry. We captured a large amount of transportation, including two engines and eleven rail- road cars, five wagons with teams, in ucli quartermaster and subsistence stores, and a quantity of small-arms, which h ad been recently takemi from us. The loss of the enemy in killed and wounded is not vet known. The immnes of all prisoners captured and recaptured will be forwarded to-morrow. We advanced so rapidly that the enemy were surprised, and were not able to destroy the bridge across t~e Shenandoah. IRVIN Mcl)OWELL, Major-General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, [May] 31, 186212 p. m. General MCDOWELL: The following dispatch has just been received from Colonel Clark, 11p.m.: WILLIAMSPORT, 3lsril p. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Reliable information just received puts the enemy in force near Charlestown, show- ing no dispositioa to retreat. A brigade and battery crossed the Shenandoah yester- day and to-day occnpies Loudoun Heights. Cannot hear of ai~y Portion having passed out of the valley. The enemy on Thursday last knew of the strong movement in their rear. We sent a strong cavalry force yesterday; occupied Martinsbarg this morning; sent infantry to-day; no important force in this vicinity. JOHN S. CLARK, Colonel and Aide-d~-Camp. EI)WIN M. STANTON, /eeretary of War Page 300 CHAP. XXLV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNLON. 301 and cattle to rfI1t)ron~hfaL.(, Gap ~ Must the officers horses be sent across to Thoroughfare or can they go in the cars. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General. itECTORTOWN, May 31, 1862. Brigadier-General KING: Colonel ilaupt says the cars ~vil1 be rea(ly to returii from Catletts at oclock to-morrow morning; therefore send out and hurry your bri- gades of infirntry so as to be ready. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. CATLETTS, May 31, 1862. General MC1)oWELL: General Augur with his staff an(l two regiments of infantry (the Sharpshooters aiid Fourteenth Brooklyn) are now ~n board the cars, an(l will he ready to start in a few minutes. We shall load up the regi- inents as fast as they arrive. I shall accompany Patricks brigade, leaving Gibbons to bring up the rear. Contrary to my direction the beef cattle and subsistence train from Fre(lericksbnrg, which halted 10 miles from here have started back in (barge of General McCalls cavalry and escort. I have sent to recall if l)ossible. An order telegraphed to General McCall might reach them in season. The teamsters on that train all belong to my divisioii. Shall I start the cavalry, artillery, and division train for Thoroughfare Gap ~vithout waiting for the cattle and subsistence train ~? Ought not an infantry regiment march with them as guard 0? RUFUS KING. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, L~pjperville, Va., llIay 31, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Department of the I?appahannoek: GENERAL: I have already sent you three reports, but as yet have received no response to either. We have driven the enemys pickets from Middleburg and between that and the river across it. My scouts yesterday crossed the river at Berrys Ferry, at which place a sharp skirmish occurred between our advanced guard and the enemy~s pick- ets. Our men pursued them to within 6 miles of Winchester, driving in theji- l)ickets and scouts. My advanced guard now occupies Ashbys Gap, which I (leem an important point, particularly as the enemy were so desirous of holding it themselves. A portion of my command also holds Snickers Gap. There are two important gaps below that (Ves- tals and Keys), at which l)laces troops should be stationed. Having only one regiment of infantry, I cannot spare sufficient force to occupy those positions. I also regard Aldie as a very important point, which would be advisable to be guarded by a small detachment of troops. Before you receive this communication my command will be in Asliby Page 301 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 301 aud cattle to Tliorouohfare Gape Must the officers horses be sent across to Thoroughfare or call they go ill the cars. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- Gei~eral. LtECTORTOWN, May 31, 1862. Rriga(lier-Geueral KING: Colonel ilaupt says the cars will be ready to return from Catletts at oclock to-morrow morning; therefore seIl(1 out awl hurry your bri- gades of inftrntry so as to be ready. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. CATLETTS, May 31, 1862. General MCl)oWELL: Geiieral Augur with his staff and t~vo regiments of infantry (the Sharpshooters and Fourteenth l3rooklyn) are now on board the cars, and will be ready to start iii a few minutes. We shall load up the regi- inents as fast as they arrive. I shall accompany Patricks brigade, leaving Gibbons to bring up the rear. Contrary to my direction the beef cattle and subsistence train from iire(lericksbn1-o~ which halted 10 miles from here have started back in charge of General McCalls cavalry and escort. I have sent to recall if ])ossible. An order telegraphed to General McCall might reach them iii season. The teamsters on that train all belong to my division. Shall I start the cavalry, artillery, and division train for Thoroughfare Gap without waiting for the cattle and subsistence train ~? Ought not an inflmntry regiment march with them as guard ~i RUFUS KING. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, UpperviUe, Va., May 31, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Department of the Ji~appahannoek: GENERAL: I have already sent you three reports, but as yet have received no response to either. We have driven the enemys pickets from Middleburg and between that and the river across it. My scouts yesterday crossed the river at Berrys Ferry, at which place a sharp skirmish occurred between our advanced guard and the enemys pick- ets. Our men pursued them to within 6 miles of Winchester, driving in their 1)ickets and scouts. My a(lx-anced guard now occupies Ashbys Gap, which I deem an important point, particularly as the enemy were so desirons of holding it themselves. A portion of my command also holds Snickers Gap. There are two important gaps below that (Ves- tals and Keys), at which l)lacCS troops should be stationed. Having only one regiment of infantry, I cannot spare sufficient force to occupy those positions. I also regard Aldie as a very important point, which would be advisable to be guarded by a small detachment of troops. Before you receive this communication my command will be in Asliby Page 302 302 OPERATiONS IN N. VA., W. VA., ANI) MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Gap. Jacksons force is estimated between 25,000 and 30,000, composed of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, but principally of infaiitry. I will scout between the river and the mountains north and south of Aslibys Gap as far as possible. With high respect, your obedient servant., JNO. W. GEAIIY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IIAPPAHANNOCK, Rectortown, Va., May 31, 1862. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, Commanding Dirision: GENERAL: The major-general commanding has received with the greatest satisfaction, as well as the War Department, to which it was at once telegraphed, the report of your dash upon the enemy at Front Royal. It was most opportune, and its effects will be felt by them, as it will be inspiriting to our own troops. The general is doing everything possible to send forward re-enforce- ments, prepared for the field in every way. Kings division is to leave Catletts this morning; his infantry by way of Manassas by rail, and Colonel Haupt promises to have his wagons up by to-night. Ords whole division was encamped 5 miles in advance of this last night, and was to go forward to-day, and by 5 oclock a. m. Ba~ ards cavalry bri- gade is at Th oroughfare Gap, and is coming forward. Have you heard from General Geary ~ If the railroad does not fail us, and we have no accidents, you will be heavily re-enforced to-day. Major-General Fr6mont telegraphed he will be at Strasburg by 5 oclock p. m. to-day. Get your division well in hand to go forward to his support. Corinth is evacuated by the enemy. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHRIVEII, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Piedmont, Va., May 31, 1862. General JOHN W. GEARY: SiR: General McDowell has received your communication of the 31st of May from Upperville, but knows nothing of the three reports alluded to as having been sent by you. But one has been received. As to the occupation of the Vestals aiid Keys passes, the general says he does not wish to divide your command so mitch, but you must merely have small mounted parties there to warn you of any approach to them. Unless Aldie can be occupied in force, which your command will not allow, it is best not to do so at present. Occupy Ashbys Gap in force, and keel) your brigade well in hand. There was a successful dash on Front Royal day before yester(lay by Shields advance brigade, in which a. quantity of property an(l a hum- ber of prisonem~ were taken. The enemy was threatening Harpers Ferry last night Page 303 CHAP. Xxiv.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 303 Report to headquarters at Front Royal frequently. Your intention to 1)atrol between the mountains and the river is aI)1)roved. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCJIRWER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, 1?eetortown, Va., hay 31, 1862. Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: GENERAL: The major-general commanding directs me to inform you that it is of the first importance that you and your division be at Front Royal to-night. The more readily to accomplish this, the general di- rects that you leave your knapsaclis piled up at some railroad cross- ing under the charge of a guard, to be composed of a commissioned officer from each brigade and a non-commissioned officer an(l three pri- vates from each regiment.. These guards and the knapsacks will be taken up by the traiit as soon as it passes the crossing. Respectfully, ED. SCHRIVER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. WASHINGTON, May 31, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I have just returned from Harpers Ferry. The enemy has been be- fore that place and threatening an attack for two days. Deserters re- J)ort that Jackson is in command and that in a speech made to his men in Charlestown on Monday a. m. he promised them less marching and better fare in a few days, when they would cuter Maryland. It is sup. l)05Cd that the attack on lla.rp~rs Ferry [was abandoned from ~] an ap- I)rehension of the advance of your force aiid General Fr6mont, to cut oft retreat. When do you exl)ect to reach Winchester ~ Where is Shields 0? P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, D. C., May 31, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: SIR: I have the honor to report my return from Harper~s Ferry, and that I have executed the coinniission with which you charged inc. Among other things to which I deem it my duty to call your atten- tion is the disgraceful conduct of Maulsbys 1-loine Guards, as witnessed by myself at Harpers Ferry, early yesterday morning. On the night l)revious a large l)art of that regiment was, as I am informed, assigned to duty in the town of Harpers Ferry, to guard the ordnance, quarter- master, and commissary stores, picket the streets leading to the country and the margins of the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers, to prevent the entrance or departure of spies, and give notice of ahy attcmpt of the enemy to cross the Shenandoah itito the town Page 304 304 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. Being in town toward morning J noticed a body of men rushing in confusion toward the bridge, and on inquiring of some of them what was the cause of their hurry, and where they were going, they replied the enemy was attacking our men on the hill in overwhelming force and all were retreating into Maryland. They said, in reply to my in- j airy, that they were Maryland Home Guards and belonged to Mauls- bys regiment. To my remonstrance against their abandoning their posts without any visible enemy even threatening them they said they enlisted to defend Maryland, and that the troops enlisted for the war were all retreating to the Maryland side, with the intention of leaving theni alone to fight in Virginia; a thing they would not (10 under the circumstances. On going up the hill ro discover, if possible, the cause of alarm, I found the troops changing position, General Slough posting his men on Ilarl)ers Ferry Heights, having withdrawn them from Bolivar Heights, while General Coopers brigade was moving across the river to take l)osition on Maryland Heights. Findiimg that Maulsbys forces had been stampeded merely, and with- out any real cause, and that the confusion would be irremediable until daylight, and that no other harm than the demoralization of the troops would result from it, I retired to obtain an hour or twos rest, and on returning, about 6 oclock, Colonel Miles, the chief of General Saxtons staff, told me that every sentiumel of Maulsbys regiment had abandoned his l)ost, leaving all the public stores and the river entirely unguarded, aIu(l that Colonel Manlsby had reported his inability to induce the men to return to their posts; on which report General Saxton, after a few remarks by no means complimentary, allowed the regiment to retire to Maryland, out of harms way. General Saxton informed me that he had imever known troops to con- duct themselves so disgracefully, and that he should feel it his duty to report them, that they might receive the scorn and indignation their bad conduct merit. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, P. H. WATSON, Assistant & cretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, May 31, 1862. (Received 1.10 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Just returned from personal reconnaissance as far as Halltown. The & tiemny has fled in fiont. The last company of rebel cavalry left Hall- town about an hour since. General Saxton up at naval battery. 1). 5. MILES, Colonel Second Infantry, Chief of ~ta~ (Telegraphed to Fr6mont 2 p. m. and to McDowell 3.15 p. in.) WASHINGTON, May 31, 1862. Major-General DIX, Commanding Department of Maryland, Baltimore: Cause all the ferry-boats from Point of Rocks to Edwards Ferry t Page 305 CHAP. XXIV.i CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 3O5~ be seized and sunk immediately. Between Edwards Ferry and Wash- ington General Wadsworth will cause their seizure. A guard to pre- vent the boats being raised again should be placed at each ferry at once. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, Miay 31, 1862. Maj. Gen. JoHN A. Dix, Commanding Department of Maryland: S If you can spare the New York Seventh ZRegimeiit. and they would like to go to Harpers Ferry, you are authorized to scud them. It is believed their spirit and discipline will have a good moral effect upon the troops about to advance on Jackson. Has the Carlisle battery arrived I Please answer immediately. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 31, 18622.15 p. m. General Dix, Baltimore: Intelligence just received that the enemy were retreating from Har- pers Ferry makes it needless to send the New York Seventh from Bal- timore. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 31, 1862. (Received 10.10 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: Dispatch received. My scouting parties have both returned. At the fords at the junction of the Rappahannock and Rapidan there were no signs of the enemy having been there lately. From the south I learn that the enemys forces that some time since were moving toward the river retired day before yesterday toward Richmond. Other reports of their concentrating beyond Spotsylvania Court-House are not re- liable. My pickets report all quiet in front. GEO. A. MCCALL, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, May 31, 18623.35. Brigadier-General MCCALL, Commanding, Fredericksburg: Are you about to withdraw from Fredericksburg; and, if so, why, a:id by whose oilers I A. LINCOLN. 20 ]~ Il-.--YOL XII~ PT II Page 306 306 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 31, 18626.10 p. m. PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Dispatch received. I am not about to withdraw from Fredericksburg, but I have received the following orders from General McDowell: Draw in your force, massing them on the left bank of the river, holding yonrself on the defensive, keeping Fredericksburg. Guard the bridges to Aquia Creek, by com- pleting the block-honses near them. I have, in obedience to these orders, withdrawn all my forces, except a sufficient guard for the city police and the outpickets, from the right bank of the river, and have made such disposition of my command as seems to me best calculated to resist an attack from any quarter. I have no idea of withdrawing from this position without orders. I have scouts out in the direction of Spotsylvania Court-House and the forks of the Rappahannock, and will report the result of their observations on their return. GEO. A. MCCALL, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, May 31, 1862-.--6.52 p. m. General MCCALL: The President directs me to say to you that there c~n be nothing to justify a panic at Fredericksburg. He expects you to maintain your position there as becomes a soldier and a general. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, May 31, 18627.55. General MCCALL, Falmouth: Your telegram received and is satisfactory. Your instructions had not been communicated to this Department, and it was reported that you were about to withdraw your forces from Fredericksburg in dis- order. The President is gratified to find that the report is not true. It appears to be absolutely certain that there can be no force before Fred- ericksburg capable of contending with you, and since the railroads and railroad bridges have been broken on both lines between Richmond and Hanover Junction by General McClellan, no force can be sent from there. General McClellan, moreover, defeated on Tuesday a part of the force that had retired from Fredericksburg. A telegram just re- ceived from Harpers Ferry states that the enemy are in full retreat from there in consequence of General McDowells advance on their rear. Please keep this Department advised of the state of your con~~ mand~ J~DWJN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 307 CHAP. XXIV.j CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 307 WASHINGTON, May 31, 1862. General MCCALL, Fredericksburg: Our forces have captured Corinth, with a large number of prisoners.. Yesterday Shields defeated the enemy at Front Royal, and took a con- siderable number of prisoners and stores. The enemy have also been driven from Harpers Ferry and are retreating. Do not let any dis- credit fall on your division. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS, Opposite Fredericksburg, May 31, 1862. (Received 8.55 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I)ispatch received. I reported to the President at 6.10 p. in. situa- tion of aiThirs in our vicinity. My command is in position to meet any attack from the enemy. I have never entertained an idea of withdraw- ing my forces from Fredericksburg, and I trust that as no discredit has ever yet fallen on the division none will be apprehended now. GEG. A. MCCALL, Brigadier- General, Commanding. WAR DEPARTMENT, May 31, 186210.10. General MCCALL, Falmouth: Mr. Scott, Assistant Secretary, left here this evening to confer with you and visit your command. He will reach Aquia about 12 or 1 oclock. Please have a car and enbine to take him up to your head- quarters. We have heard from General McDowell this afternoon. He was then at Piedmont. I will keep you advised of the events transpiring. The rebels are retreating south from Corinth. EDWIN M. STANTON. SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 122. Washington, May 31, 1862. I. Brig. Gen. Carl Schnrz, U. S. Volunteers, is assigne(l to (luty in the Mountain Department, and will report in person to Major-General Fr6mont. * * * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General Page 308 308 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Abstract from Returns of the Mouutain~ Department, Departments of the Rappahannock and of the Shenandoah1 and District of Washington, for the month of May, 1862. Present for ~ ~ Pieces of duty. ~. artillery. a Commands. C ~1~ ~ ~L~ a aC v. Q . ~. p~a ~ a bL ~C ~ -1 ~ The Mountain Department 1, 167 23, 616 30, 020 35, 390 * Department of the Rappahannock . 2, 023 42, 422 47, 484 56, 747 86 Department of the Shenandoah 396 8, 343 9, 662 11, 551 . -. 16 District of Washington t 613 12, 232 14, 086 18, 57-2 Total 4, 199 88, 613 101, 232 122, 260 102 Not reported on the original return. No report froni Storgis l)rigade. This aggre~ate embraces 2,443 men of new arrivals, not accounted for under other headings. Original reports 248 pieces of artillery (not classified) as south of the Potomac. Abstract from Return of the Mountain Department, Maj. Gen. John C. Fr6mont command- ing, for May, 1862. Present for ~ a flinty. a ,.-~ a a Commands. Ca a Q . in ~ bIC 0 ~ ~ District of the Kanawba (Cox) 376 0, 033 9, 741 11, 814 Railroad District (Kelley) 78 2, 400 2, 734 2, 884 Blenkers division 386 7, 885 8, 627 10, 333 Milroys bri~ade 134 2, 780 3, 555 3, 779 Scheucks brigade 93 2, 242 2, 668 3, 150 Petersburg 51 1,101 1, 215 1,658 Piketon, Ky 49 1, 175 1, 480 1, 772 Total 1,167 25, 616 30,020 35, 390 Organization of troops in the District of the Kanawha, Brig. Gen. Jacob D. (ox, U. ~. Army, commanding, May 31, 1S62.* First Brigade. Cal. E. P. SCAMMON. 12th Ohio. 2~4 Ohio. 30th Ohio. MeMullins (Ohio) battery. Second Brigade. Cal. A. Moon. 28th Ohio. 34th Ohio. 37th Ohio. Simmonds (Kentucky) battery. 5As announced in General Orders, No. 13, District Headquarters, May 7, 1862; regi- lIlelital and other subordinate commanders not indicated Page 309 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 309 Organization of troops in the District of the KanawhaContiuued. Third Brigade. Col. GEORGE CROOK. 11th Ohio. 36th Ohio. 44th Ohio. 47th Ohio. Fourth Brigade.5 Col. J. A. J. LIGHTBURN. 4th West Virginia. 9th West Virginia. Youngs XVest Virginia company. 1st West Virginia Cay. (two companies). Schambecks (Illinois) cavalry company. Not Brigaded. 1st Ohio Cavalry (one company). 2d West Virginia Cavalry.t Abstract from Returns * of the Department of the Rappahannock, Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell commanding, for the month of May, 1862. Present for duty. ~. ~A ~ s~ Command. d CS bC aeu 0 5, 0 0~ S 0 5, a a a .~ 1st (Shields) Division 466 9, 737 11, 115 14, 096 30 2d (Ricketts) Division - 427 8,911 9,999 11,879 22 Kings division 466 8, 560 9, 690 12, 073 McCalls division 440 10, 751 11, 592 12, 983 22 Donbiedays brigade - - .e~ 46 752 881 983 6 Gearys brigade 78 1, 967 2, 233 2, 398 6 Cavalry (Bayards) Brigade 100 1,744 1, 974 2,335 Grand total 2 023 42,422 47, 484 56, 747 86 * Of the several divisions and unattached brigades. Organization of the Department of the Rappahannock, Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell commanding, May 31, 1862. FIRST DIVISION. Brig. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. NATHAN KIMBALL. 14th Indiana, Col. William Harrow. 4th Ohio, Col. John S. Mason. 8th Ohio, Lieiit. Col. F. Sawyer. 7th West Virginia, Col. James Evans. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. ORRIS S. FERRY. 39th Illinois, Col. Thomas 0. Osborn. 13th Indiana, Lient. Col. Robert S. Foster. 62d Ohio, Col. Francis B. Pond. 67th Ohio, Lient. Col. A. C. Voris. CHAP. XXIV.] * Including all troops on the Kanawha and Gnyandotte below the month of the Ganley. One company with First Brigade, one with the Second Brigade, and five with the Third Page 310 310 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. LOJIAP. XXIV. Organization of the Department of the Rap~pahannockContinued. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. ERASTUS B. TYLER. 5th Ohio, Col. S. H. Dunnino 7th Ohio, Lient. Col. W. i?~. Creigh- ton. 29th Ohio, Col. L. P. Buckley. 66th Ohio, Col. Charles Candy. Fourth Brigade. Col. S. S. CARROLL. 7th Indiana, Col. James Gavin. 84th Pennsylvania, Mnj. W. Barrett. 110th Pennsylvania, Col. W. D. Lewis, jr. 1st WestVirginia, Col. Joseph Thoburn. Artillery. Lieut. Col. W. H. HAYWARD. fst Ohio Artillery, Battery H, Capt. J. F. Huntington. 1st Ohio Artillery, Battery L, Capt. L. N. Robinson. 4th U. S. Artillery, Battery E, Capt. J. C. Clark. West Virginia Artillery, Battery A, Capt. J. Jenks. West Virginia Artillery, Battery B, Lieut. J. V. Keeper. Cavalry. 1st Ohio (one co.), Capt. J. H. Robinson. 1st Rhode Island (battalion), Major David B. Nelson. SECOND DIVISION. Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. ORD. Fir8t Brigade. Brig. Gen. J. B. RICKETTS. 26th New York, Col. William H. Christian. 94th New York, Col. A. R. Root. 88th Pennsylvania, Col. George P. McLean. 90th Pennsylvania, Col. Peter Lyle. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. ABRAM DURYEA. 97th New York, Col. Charles Wheelock. 104th New York~ Col. John Rorbach. 105th New York, Col. J. M. Fuller. 107th Pennsylvania, Col. Thomas A. Zie. gle. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE L. HARTSUFF. 12th Massachusetts, Col. F. Webster. 13th Massachusetts, Col. S. H. Leonard. 11th Pennsylvania, Col. Richard Coulter. 83d New York, Col. John W. Stiles. Artillery. Maj. DAVIS TILLsoN. 2d Maine Battery, Capt. James A. Hall. 5th Maine Battery,Capt. Geo. F. Leppien Pennsylvania, Battery C, Capt. James Thompson. 1st Pennsylvania Artillery, Battery F, Capt. E. W. Matthews. Cavalry. 1st Maine, (seven companies), Col. S. H. Allen. 1st Rhode island (detachment), Licut. Col. Willard Sayles. KINGS DIvISION. Brig. Gen. RUFUS KING. First Brigade. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. C. C. AUGUR. Brig. Geii. MARSENA R. PATRICK. 22d New York, Col. Walter Phelps, jr. 21st New York, Col. William F. Rogers. 24th New York. Col. Timothy Sullivan. 23d New York, Col. Henry C. Hoffman. 30th New York Col. E. Frisby. 35th New York, Col. Newton B. Lord. 84th New York, Col. B. B. Fowler. 80th New York, Col. George W. Pratt. 2d U. S. Sharpshooters, Col. H. A. V. Post Page 311 CeAr. ~X1V.] CORRESPONDENCE, EIC.UNION. Organization of the Department of the Rappahannock-.--Continued. Third Brigade. l3rig. Gen. JOHN GIBBON. 19th Indiana, Col. Solomon Meredith. 2d Wisconsin, CoL E. OConnor. 6th Wisconsin, Col. L. Cutler. 7th Wisconsin, Col. W. W. Robinson. 311 Artillery. 1st New Hampshire Battery, Capt. G. K Gerrish. Pennsylvania, Battery D, CapL George W. Purell. 1st Rhode island, Battery D, Capt. J. A. Monroe. 4th U. S~, Baty B, Capt. J. B. CampbelL Cavalry. 2d New York (8 companies), Col. J. M. Davies. MCCALLS DIVISION. Brig. Gen. GEORGE A. MCCALL. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOHN F. REYNOLDS. 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. R. B. Roberts. 2d Pennsylvania Reserves, Lieut. Col. William McCandless. 5th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. S. G. Simmons. 8th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. G. S. Hays. 13th Pennsylvania Reserves (1st Rifles), Col. H. W. McNeil. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE G. MEADE. 3d Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. H. G. Sickel. 4th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. A. L. Magilton. 7th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. E. B. Harvey. 11th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. T. F. Gallagher. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. TRUMAN SEYMOUR. 6th Pennsylvania Reserves, Licut. Col. H. B. MeKeen. 9th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. C. F. Jackson. 10th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. J. T. Kirk. 12th Pennsylvania Reserves, Col. J. H. Taggart. Artillery. 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, Battery A, Capt. H. Easton. 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, Battery B, Capt. J. H. Cooper. 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, Battery G, Capt. M. Kerns. 5th U. S., Battery C, Capt. HY. DeHart. Cavalry. 4th Pennsylvania, Col. J. H. Childs. SEPARATE BRIGADES. Doubledays. Gearys. Brig. Gen. ABNER DOUBLEDAY. Brig. Gen. JoaN W. GEARY. 76th New York, Lient. Col. John D. 3d md. Cay. (six cos.), Col. Scott Carter. Shawl. 28th Penn., Liout. Col. G. De Korponay. 56th Pennsylvania, Col. S. A. Meredith. 1st W. Va. Cay. (six cos.), Col. H. Ani- 2d Battalion New York Artillery, Bat- sansel. tery B, Capt. H. J. MeMahan. Knaps Pennsylvania Battery, Capt. Jo- seph M. Knap. CAVALRY BRIGADE. Brig. Gen. GEORGE D. BAYARD. 1st New Jersey, Col. Percy Wyndham. 1st Pennsylvania, Col. Owen Jones. 1st Pennsylvania Rifles (battalion), Lieut. Col. T. L. Kane Page 312 312 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MI) [CHAP. XXlV. Organization of the Department of the RappahannockContinued. PONTONIERS. 3d Maine Battery. HEADQUARTERS GUARD. 2d New York Cavalry (battalion), Major Alfred N. Duffie. Abstract from Return of the Department of the Shenandoah, Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Bank8 commanding, for the month of May, 18452. Present for ~ duty. . ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 ~.; Command. ~ -~ a ,,., ~ a a re S 0 Hj .5 ~ Williams division 6 6 6 Crawfords brigade 120 2, 508 2, 918 3, 195 Hartsuffs brigade * Greenes brigade 97 2,399 2,765 3,207 Cavalry brigade . 159 3, 051 3, 582 4, 715 Artillery . 11 276 303 329 16 Miscellaneous 3 79 88 99 Total ... 396 8, 343 9, 662 11, 551 10 * Serving and accounted for in Department of the Rappahannock. Organization of the Department of the Shenandoah, Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks, U. S. Army, commanding, May 31, 1862. FIRST DIvIsION. Brig. Gen. ALPHEUS S. WILLIAMS. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. S. XV. CRAWFORD. 5th Connecticut, Lient. Col. George D. Chapman. 10th Maine, Col. George L. Beal. 28th New York, Lieut. Col. E. F. Brown. 46th Pennsylvania, Col. Joseph F. Knipe. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. GEORGE S. GREENE. 2d Massachusetts, Col. George H. Gor- don. 27th Indiana, Col. Silas Coigrove. 29th Pennsylvania, Maj. Michael Scott. 3d Wisconsin, Col. Thomas H. Ruger. Caralry Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOHN P. HATCH. 1st Maine (five companies), Lient. CoL C. S. Douty. 1st Maryland,Lieut.Col.Chas.Wetschky. 1st Michigan (five companies), Col. T. F Brodhead. 5th New York, Col. 0. De Forest. 8th New York, Lieut. Col. Charles R. Babbitt. 1st Vermont, Col. C. H. Tompkins. Artillery. 1st New York, Battery M, Capt. George W. Cothran. Pennsylvania, Battery F, Capt. R. B. Hampton. 4th U. S., Battery F, Capt. C. L. Best. * The Second Brigade (Hartsuff~s) transferred to the Department of the Rappahan- nock Page 313 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 313 Organization of the Department of the ShenandoahContinued. UNASSIGNED. 1st Regiment Potomac Home Brigade, Col. W. P. Manisby. 4th Regiment Potomac Home Brigade, Lieut. Col. G. R. Dennis. Zouaves dAfrique, Capt. Charles H. T. Collis. Statement of troops in the Military District of Washington, Brig. (len. James S. Wadsworth commanding, May 31, 1862. Whipples Brigade. Brig. Gen. A. W. WHIPPLE. 0th Maine Battery, Capt. F. MeGilvery. 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, Col. W. B. Greene. 2d New York Heavy Artillery, Col. G. 4th Waagner. New York Heavy Artillery, Col. T. D. Doubleday. 11th New York Battery, Capt. A. A. von Puttkammer. 12th New York Baty, Capt. W. H. Ellis. 3d Battalion New York Heavy Artillery, Lient. Col. A. Senges. 101st New York luf., Col. Enrico Fardella. 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery (one compy), Capt. A. J. Langworthy. Sturgis Brigade. Brig. Gen. S. D. STURGIS. 63d Indiana. 59th New York. 71st New York Militia. 9th Rhode Island. 10th Rhode Island. 17th U. S. (battalion). 19th U. S. (battalion). 2d New York Artillery, Battery I. Provost Guard. Maj. W. E. DOSTER. 10th New Jersey (eight companies). 86th New York (seven companies). 2d Pennsylvania Cavalry (two com- panies). 4th Pennsylvania Cavalry (two coin- panics). Infantry.t 2d District of Columbia, Col. I. A. Peck. 32d Mass., Licut. Col. F. J. Parker. 69th New York, Col. Robert Nugent. 86th New York (detachment), Col. B. P. Bailey. 26th Pennsylvania (one ~npany), Capt. J. B. Adams. 91st Peansylvania, Col. E. M. Gregory. 99th Pennsylvania, Col. Peter Fritz. 1st U. S. (one company). 11th U. S. (two companies). 12th Virginia (one company). Cavalry.t 1st Michigan (six companies), Maj. W. S. Atwood. 6th New York, Col. T. C. Devin. 9th New York, Col. John Beardsley. 11th New York, Col. J. B. Swain. 2d Pennsylvania, Col. R. B. Price. 12th Pennsylvania, Col. L. B. Pierce. 5th U S. (detachment), Lient. harrison Fosdick. 6th U. S., Co. L, Capt. James S. Brisbin. Artillery.t 16th Indiana Battery, Capt. C. A. Naylor. 4th Maine Battery, Capt. ON. W. Rob- inson. 1st New York, Battery C, Capt. Almont Barnes. 9th New York Battery, Capt. A. von Morozowicz. 10th New York Battery, Capt. J. T. Bruen. 16th New York Battery, Capt. M. W. Locke. 2d Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery, Col. C. Angeroth. 10th Rhode Island Battery. WASHINGTON, June 1, 1862. General MCDOWELL: The following dispatch just received from General Fr6mout: WARDENSYILLE, May 31. The PRESIDENT: Your telegram of 31st received at this place. Roads heavy and weather terrible. Heavy storm of rain most of yesterday and all last night. * Regimental and other subordinate commanders not indicated on original. Not brigaded Page 314 314 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ECHAP. xXIV. Our cavalry and scouts have covered the roads 10 or 15 miles ahead. The enemy s cavalry and ours now in sight of each other on the Strasburg road. Engagement expected to-day. The army is pushing forward, and I intend to carry out the operations proposed. J. C. FRIF~MONT. EDWIN M. STANTON, & cretary of War. FRONT ROYAL, June 1, [1862]3 p. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Washington, D. C.: Heard firing this a. in. in the direction of Strasburg. Ords division could not be got up last night, but came up this a. in., and is consider. ably aroused by the excitement of an approaching battle, and is now moving forward, replacing Shields division, who is on the march to Strasburg w*h that part of his division nearest that l)lace. I am directing General Ords division (now with Iticketts) to move on the Winchester road, supporting Bayards cavalry brigade, and sending strong detachments oii the Luray road. There has been no firing for some time. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. FRONT ROYAL via RECTORTOWN, June 1 1 Hon. E. M. STANTON, ~. m. Secretary of War, Washington, D. C.: A brigade of Shields division, under Colonel Carroll, was pushed forward yesterday p. m. in the direction of the Strasburg and Win- chester turnpike. A considerable force of the enemy, consisting of a brigade of infantry, a large force of cavalry, and four pieces of artillery, were found in the vicinity of a turnpike road about 6 miles from. this place. When attempting to form they were briskly attacked, and driven from their position and forced back in the direction of Win- chester until darkness prevented further pursuit. We succeeded in capturing 7 prisoners, one 11-pounder rifled gun, twelve wagons, and a number of horses and mules, recapturing 6 of the First Maryland Regi- ment, viz: John Corcoran, Adam Foley, Ed. Lockinond, Sergeant [William H.] Uhler. We lost 1 man killed and 2 wounded. Loss of enemy not known. General Fr6monts forces have not yet made their appearance. The telegraph is established within 2 miles of town. General Ords division is between this post and Piedmont, pretty well broken down in the attempt to force tlirough to this place yesterday. General Shields reports General Elzeys force to have been added to that ~of Jackson, E well, and Ed. Johnson. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 1, 1862. ~General MCDOWELL: What has occurred since detail of last message sent ~? Saxton re- jorts no enemy to be seen about Harpers Ferry. EDWiN M. STANTON. Secretary of War Page 315 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IINION. 315 FRONT ROYAL, June 1, 1862. (Received June 2, 10A6 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: The positive accounts brought by an aide of General Shields from within a short distance of Strasburg are that Jackson passed through that place last night. H is train the aide saw going through this morn- ing. The firing we heard was not at Strasburg, but was in the (lirec- tion of Middletown, and is supposed to have been an attack of General Banks on Jacksons rear guard. Bayards brigade, with the Bucktail battalion and four pieces of artillery, are ordered to pursue through Strasbnrg. Shields division is brought into the road to Luray Court- House, to go against Jackson farther up the valley. The above was prepared some hours ago, but could not be sent by telegraph, it being out of working order. It is now sent by messenger to Rectortown, to be dispatched thence. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISION, Front Royal, Va., June 1, 1862lO.30 a. in. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff, Department of the Rajppahannoek: COLONEL: I have the honor to request that Major-General MeD~well will give orders for one regiment of General Ords division to relieve my troops on the Luray road, picketing the same for the distance of 3 miles. Also for another regiment to guard the lower fords, three in number, about 3 miles below the railroad bridge. Another to occupy the position which pickets both bridges across the Shenandoah. Also that a provost-marshal be appointed for the town and ftmrnished with a competent guard to police the town, guard prisoners, & c. This will enable me to prepare my whole division for a l)rorupt movement. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Division. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISION, Front Royal, Va., June 1, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff, Hdqrs. Department of the Rappahannocic: The advance of my command is reported as encamped 10 miles from this place to-night. I have given orders to collect afl(l prepare faggots for burning the bridges across the Shenandoah at Conrads Store to- morrow night. If this be effected, the enemy may be compelled to force a passage from New Market in the direction of Luray. There are two bridges across the Shanandoah, 4 miles apart, on that routeColumbia Bridge and White House Bridge. I would urgently recommend that one of General Ords brigades be supplied with rations and forage and sent down to Luray as speedily as possible, for the double purpose of guarding the bridges and protect Page 316 316 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. ing a depot I intend establishing at that place. I have given orders to leave all extra baggage in depot at Luray, and also to shift the for- age and subsistence from one portion of the wagons to the other, so as to send back to Front Hoyal immediately as many empty wagons as possible for supplies. My inspector-general has orders to inspect the wagons anti rid men of all extra baggage at Luray. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVIsIoN, Front Royal, Va., June 1, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff, Bid qrs. I~epartment of the Rapjpahannoek: Lieutenant Jones, one of my aides, has just returned from the head of Bayards column, sent to operate against Strasburg. He reports it as safely encamped on this side of the North Fork, 4 miles from that place. The Bucktails are in front at the ford, 2 miles from Strasburg. Lieutenant Jones saw only two pieces of artillery with them. At this rate they will effect nothing against the train, and might as well be recalled. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Division. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVIsION, Front Royal, Va., June 1, 18628 p. m. Colonel CARROLL, Commanding Fourth Brigade: I will leave early enough in the morning to overtake you. I have an important work for you to perform. It is to burn the bridge across the Shenandoah near Conrads Store, on the road leading from Harrison- burg to Stanardsville. This is the bridge by which Jackson retreated before and by which he will attempt to retreat again, as he can take the cars at Stanardsville for Charlottesville. To do this you must go forward with four pieces of artillery, without caissons, and some cavalry, which I will push forward to you. You must select a body of picked infantry, without baggage, to follow close behind as a support, but the cavalry and artillery must be pushed forward so as to do this if possi- ble to-morrow night. Prepare fagots to-morrow along the road; pile them in your wagons. They can be found in old houses. 1 hope you have axes and tools along. To reach this point you must pass Luray; follow the road leading to Columbia Bridge; continue to pass on this side the river, leaving Co- lumnbia Bridge on your right as you go forward; thence up on this side of the Shenandoah until y6u reach a place known as Conrads Store; close there or somewhere in that vicinity is the bridge across the Shen- andoah which the enemy guarded before and are likely to guard now. Perhaps there are two bridges there, not far distant- these must both be burned. Our route is to Stanardsville, which if we reach before the enemy he is lost Page 317 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 317 I will see you on your march to-morrow early. Move af~ 4 oclock to- morrow morning. Everything depends on speed. Dont break dowii your command. I will order General Ferry to let your wagons and guns pass to join you. Let all empty wagons be parked at Luray, to be sent back for supplies. At Luray the loads can be shifted from one- half the wagons into the other half and the empty ones sent back to Front iRoyal for supplies of forage and subsistence. I will send forward my inspector-general to put officers baggage and all extra l)aggage into depot at Luray. Our wagons are filled with rubbish instead of supplies. When we clear the valley they can all be brought forward to us. Conrads Store is about 10 miles from Luray. I think you will have to turn over the brigade to the next in command and do the burning of the bridge yourself. Press horses along the road where it is necessary, leaving your brokerndown horses with the owner. Take the names and residences of every man whose horses you press, as well as the name of the man who takes them, so that they may be returned. Give receipts for the same. Take forage wherever you can find it, giving receipts for the same. Take beef cattle if necessary, giving receipts for the same. Jackson must be overtaken. The burning of the bridge will effect it. The river can be held until your command comes up, then turn in the direction of Stanardsville. You will earn your star if you do all this. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE HAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 1li a. m. Brig. Gen. J. B. IIJCKETTS, Commanding Division: Major-General McDowell directs that you order the whole of the Rhode Island cavalry to report to Major-General Shields at the earliest po~~ibl~ moment. Very respectfully, your obedient serx-aiit, El). SCIIRIVEII, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of & afl~. Memorandum for General Ricketts. HDQR5. DEPARTMENT OF TILE ItAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, June 1, 1862. Durycas brigade to be disposed of as follows: One regiment in Front IRQyal, another regiment on the Luray road, with two ~~ieces of artillery, ])rece(led by a small body of cavalry to be thrown out well to get infor- mation. Another regiment, the strongest, to go to flue ford over the main Shenandoah. The rest of the division to occupy the passage be- tweeti time forks of the Shenandoah, guarding both bridges, and sup- porting Bayards cavalry, which is to be throw-mi across the Shenandoah. By command of Major-General McDowell: ED. SCHRIVEIt, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of & a~ Page 318 318 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 1, 1862. Brigadier-General BAVARD, Commanding Cavalry Brigade: GENERAL: Your report by special messenger to General McDowell has been received. I send herewith copy of instructions to General Augur for your information, with the generals directions that you do not relax your efforts against the enemy in consequence of this new order. It has occurred to General McDowell that as the .flring which was heard this morning was between the enemy and some of our own forces under either General Fr~rnont or General Banks, and as we are in pursuit of them, and as they now may be in or near Strasburg, you must be particular in your procedure lest you should go against our own troops. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRIVER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAIJANNOOK, Front Royal, Va., June 1, 1862. Brig. Gen. C. C. AUGUR, Commanding Brigade: GENERAL: You will repair with the regiments now with you to Stras- burg, and there take command of the troops in and around that town, with which Major-General McDowell directs that you l)roceed against any force of the enemy that may be there according to your best judg- ment. - Report to these headquarters as frequently as anything occurs which it is proper the general should know. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRIXTER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. FRONT ROYAL, June 1, 1862. Brigadier-General KING: The enemy has flown. General McDowell directs that you halt your division wherever it may be on receipt of this message. ED. SCIJRTYER, Chief of Staff. lou. B. M. STANTON, FREDERiCKSBURG, June 1, 1862. Secretary of War: Arrived at General McCalls headquarters at 4.30 a. in. There has been no trouble in this command, and the general commanding is satis- fied there is no enemy in his vicinity. He will maintain strong guards in Fredericksburg, with picket lines extended at least 7 miles beyond the city; in addition to which his patrols of cavalry go 10 to 12 miles south of Fredericksburg and to the fords at junction of rivers abQve Page 319 CHAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, E~~C.UNION. 319 In order to prevent a recurrence of the trouble of yesterday, I would suggest that you order a telegraph instrument to be placed at General McCalls headquarters for all business pertaining to army movements,. and the office in Fredericksburg be used only for railway purposes. Ii will leave here at 7 a. in. for Washington, unless otherwise ordered.. THOMAS A. SCOTT, Assistant Secretary of War. FREDERICKSBURG, June 1, 18626 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I find that General McDowells orders to General McCall confine him strictly to defensive operations. Some portion of Jacksons army may retreat in this direction, and McCall should be allowed to use his judgment in regard to striking them. Please have this arranged imme- diately. The command here is a good one and anxious to see service. THOMAS A. SCOTT, Assistant Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, June 1, 1862. Major-General DIX, Baltimore: Be prepared to receive orders to-day to relieve General Wool of com- mand at Fort Monroe and to turn over your command to him. You will be expe~ted to be ready to go to-day. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. Hon. E. M. STANTON, BALTIMORE, June 1, 18626 p. m. Secretary of War: I did not look at my orders until I was on my way to Baltimore. I find to my surprise that I am taken from an independent l)osition to be l)laced in a subordinate one. The change cannot be regarded by the l)ublic in any other light than that of a censure an(l a degradation. I beg you to let me take General Wools command as it was, with instruc- tions to send to General McClellan all the troops I can spare. JOHN A. DIX, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 1, 1862. M~kjor-Gcneral 1)Ix Bal timore: The change of your command was determined by the President him- self The order was prepared by his direction in my absence. 1 did not advert to the effect of it, but know that nothing could have been further from the Presidents purpose than to displease, much less offend, you. I will show him your telegram and leave him to answer it. EDWIN M. STANTON, $eeretary of War Page 320 320 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. BALTIMORE, June 1, 18626.45 p. m. His Excellency ABRAHAM LINCOLN: I beg you to allow the order to me to be modified as I have suggested to the Secretary of War. I am sure you did not perceive the inter- pretation which will be put on it. I go in an hour. JOHN A. DIX, Major-General. FORT MONROE, TA., June 1, 186212.30 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have just now received your order to take command of the depart- ment, headquarters at Baltimore, which will be promptly complied with. JOHN E. WOOL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 1, 1862. Brigadier-General SLOUGH, Harper~s Ferry: Major-General Sigel has been assigned to command of the forces at Harpers Ferry, which will form a part of Banks corps. You will report to him on his arrival, and retain such command as he may assign to you. EDWIN N. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, Meadow Bluff, June 1, [1862.] Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Assistant Adjutant-Genera~l: My transportation is engaged in transporting wounded, & c., to rear. I cannot be ready for several dQys to move, as proposed. Shall I re- move the wounded prisoners from Lewisburgi There are some 25 there yet. I will let you know when I can be ready. Should Jackson not be caughtwhich I have no confidence imiand this line left open, he could get to Gauley Bridge before we could from Pearisbnrg, and not only cut ofi~ our commissary, but our retreat. That is a game he has been playing during the war. Please answer at once. GEORGE CROOK, Golonel, Commanding Brigade. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOUK, [Strasburg, June 2, 1862.] Maj. Gen. JOHN C. FRMONT, Commanding Military Department, in advance of Strasburg: GENERAL: I opened, read, and reinclosed your dispatch for the Secretary of War, and, as the telegraph is not working to Front Royal Page 321 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 321 I sent it with some of my cavalry to Rectortowi~, where it CR11 be tele- graphed to the Secretary. Major-General Shields is now ott the march from Front Royal to Luray Court-House, in hopes of getting up the valley before Jackson. Your attack on Jackson as he is retreating must retard him and in- crease the chances of General Shields intercepting him. I trust my cavalry brigade has 1-ell(lcred you go6d service. I return immediately to Front Royal. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 2, 1862. Major-General FRMONT, Strasburg, and Major-General MCDOWELL, Front Royal: Your dispatches just received. We are glad to bear that you are so close on the enemy. McClellan beat the rebels badly near Richmond yesterday. The President tells me to say to you, Do not let the en- emy escape from you. Major-General Si~el is advancing with two brigades from Harpers Ferry toward XVinchcster. Let us hear from you often. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCI, Front Royal, Va., June 2, 1862. COMMANDING OFFICER FIRST MAINE CAVALRY: SIR: It has been reported to General McDowell that men of your regiment have taken eight horses and a mule, the property of Mr. Mar- cus Buck, and he directs me to order you to return the same, under a guard of a trusty non-commissioned officer and private, to these head- quarters forthwith. It is understood that you have had turned over to you a telescope which was taken from Mr. Bucks house (I hope to be returned to him), and this also is wanted by the general. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRIVER, Lieutenant- Colonel and Chief of Staff. MONDAY MORNING, June 2, 18625 a. m. Colonel SCHRIYER, Chief of Staff: I feel the utmost solicitude about our situation. The cars are bring- ing men we dont need and not bringing any subsistence amid forage. If this continues you will have a worse state of things than we found. I see it too clearly. We want no muore men, but want supplies. Do im- press this ou the general commanding. Should you send every man but omw brigade back to Fredeiicksburg it would be the best move. Why not meet me at Gordonsville, turning alt back to Frederieksbur~ to move on Richmond. For Gods sake let us have supplies instead of men. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. 21 R UVOL XII~ PT II Page 322 322 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISION, En route for Luray, June 2, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington: Jackson passed through Strasburg Saturday and Sunday. Frdmont has not been heard from yet. There was firing at Strasburg yester- daysupposed to be Banks in the rear. My poor command were with- out provisions twenty-four hours. We would have occupied Strasburg, but dare not interfere with what was designed for Fr~mont. His fail- ure has saved Jackson. I will force my way down to Stanardsville to cut him off, but the railroad is miserable, and miserably managed. Cars are running oft~ the track and coming in collision. I never saw anything like the want of efficiency and skill in organization. Our telegraph line ought to be in operation, but it has no workimig party. I let them have my pioneers, whom I need now. General McDowell has done everything to mend matters, but not much can be done with such means. We have too many men here, and no supplies. How I will get along 1 do not know, but I will trust to luckseize cattle, live on beefto catch Jackson. I could stampede them to Richmond had 1 even supplies of hard bread and a little forage. I have no fears of their numbers, which have been ridiculously exaggerated by fear. My dear friend, see the President. Vie has confidence, I k how, in me. Tell him that my opinion is to put things back again where they were as soon as possible. Bring Fr~monts forcc, or l)art of it, to Stras- burg, Banks to Front Royal, McDowell again to Fredericksburg, where I can join him, and we will hurl them out of Richmond as fast as we can march. Here now the men will starve. rp00 many macn; no sup- plies. Again I repeat, General Mcl)owell has shown 9reat energy in forwarding everything. As for myself, I did all man could do under the circumstances. Permit me again to declare that no uman could have done more than General McDowell did to achieve everything possible. With him we can accompLisk a great deal down South. Let me sug- gest, most respectfully, to restore things as they were. Bring Fr& monts force to Strasburg and Banks to Front Royalboth are mm- pregnable in the hands of men who know how to hold themand General McDowell again to Fredericksburg, where I could ,join him. Good.by. JAS. SHIELDS, Jlajor- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Ash bys Gap, Va., June 2, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Departme~t oJ the Rappahannock: GENERAL: The recent rains have caused a rise in the river, which renders the fords at and near this place difficult, if not impracticable, for the passage of troops. In accordance with your instructions I have sent cavalry along the Blue [Ridge] Mountains and the river, to proceed as far as the Potomac River, to ascertain what rebel troops, if any, are upon Loudoun Heights, and any other information relative to the position of Jacksons army that they may be enabled to obtain. 1 have not yet had a report Porn any place Ptmther thamin Hilisborough Page 323 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 323 As fast as information arrives I will transmit it to you. I am well ac- (Juahllte(l with the ford near Shannondale Springs, at which place the liver is wide and the water shallow, all(l I ii ave heretofore frequently crossed at that place myself on horseback. I consider it important to watch that place. When your flank has passed thuis Gap, woul(l it not be well for me to proceed down toward the Potomac and clear ont whatever troops Jack- son may attempt to throw on this side of the Shenandoah ~? With high respect, youi obedient servant, JNO. W. GEAIRY, Brjgadier- General, Commanding. CATLEITS, June 2,1862. Col. E. SCHRIYER, Chief of Staff: Having neither railroad nor telegraphic communication with you, I have decided to march my comman(1 to Hay Market and Thoroughfare Gap, where I expect to be to-night. Address any communication to the latter place. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS, Harpers Ferry, Va., June 2, 18624 p. m. Hon. E. 21. STANTON, Secretary of War: X~)ur dispatch in reference to General Fr~mont is received. I find the troops here in a very inefficient condition. General Saxton insists on being relieved. The number of troops here are about 8,000. Of these 1,200 are useless, and all the balance are undrilled and undisciplined. I have done what I can to assemble the troops at 4 oclock p. in., and I will make a forced march, although the battle with Fr6mont must now be decided, as it is reported firing was heard the whole of yesterday. General I3anl~s has telegraphed that lie had left Wilhiamsport and would join me this morning ; l)llt he (lid not~ say where, and 1 am still ignorant of his whereabouts. I vill, however, march to Winchester, where I hope to meet him. A deserter froni the enemy, who escaped yesterday, says that Jackson l)asse(l Winchester yesterday before 10 oclock a. iii. in two columns, an(l marched in t~vo directions against Fr6mont. This corroborates the facts. F. SIGEL, Major- General. HARPERS FERRY, June 2, 1862. Hon. E. 21. STANTON, Secretary of War: Major-General Sigel has marched with two brigades. Left me in comniall(l with eighteen companies of infantry, including Maulsby~s three companies of Maryland Potomac Home Brigade Cavalry and the naval battery. I sent up an engine to-day to Martinsburg with a corn Page 324 324 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. pany of soldiers. The officer has just returned. Reports Opequon Bridge injured. Will take two days to repair it. The injury to trestle- works at Martinsburg more serious. Reliable iuformatiou makes Jacksons army in our front last Thuis- (lay 25,000 of all arms. Report or rumors both at Martinsburg, Charles- towli, and at this place state General Ft6monts army was repulsed with severe loss yesterday. D. S. MiLES, Colonel Second Infantry. FRONT ROYAL, June 3, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington, D. C.: SIR: I transmit a letter just received from Major-General Fr6mont: WOODSTOCK, Jane 2, 1862. GENERAL: I thank you for forwarding my dispatch to the Secretary of War, and have to ask you will do the same with the inclosed, which ~vill inform you of the days operations. * Your cavalry brigade rendered good and essential service, and if I could have suc- ceeded iu bringing up my infantry, would have made the day disastrous to Jackson; hut the rapidity of the march made this impossible, and Jackson escaped dispersion. His force must he much demoralized to-night. We shall continue to press him to- molTow, and if General Shields succeeds in intercepting him I think he will find escape difficult. The weather is terrible on the troops, and we are having another night of hard, continuous rain. With much respect, I am, general, your obedient servant, J. C. FR1~MONT, Major- General, Commanding Department. Brigadier-General Bayards brigade, from my command, now leading the advance of General Fr~monts army, consists of the First Pennsyl- vania and First New Jersey Cavalry, the Bucktail battalion, including Lieutenant-Colonel Kane, and eight pieces of artillery. I understand, unofficially, that Ashbys cavalry made an unsuccessful charge on the Bucktails, and were themselves charged by Bayard, and many prisoners made. Our present embarrassment is from want of food. General Frt~inont and General Shields have each two (lays subsistence; all the others are without food to-day There is subsistence on the way in the raihoad train, but the road is not in working order, and they are be- hind. General Shields division is the only force with me which has a wagon supply train. The otheis will have some, but at present they cannot be pressed forward. I expect soon to have facilities to send Ords division to support Shields, although the latter desires no sup- Port. The difficulty just now of su~)plying troops at this point and beyond has caused me to concentrate Kings division near Thorough- fare Gap. I have ordered Gearys train on the line of the railroad to resume his former position. Very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL, ]Iiliajor- General, Commanding Department. * See Part I, p. 651. Fr6mont to Stanton Page 325 CHAP. XXtV. I CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 325 IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IIAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, June 3, 1862. Ma~. Gen. JOHN C. FR~MONT, Commanding Department, near Woodstoek: GENERAL: I received and forwarded your telegram to the Secretary of War. I have just received a note from the Secretary, saying General Mc- Clellan had beaten the enemy badly before Thchlnon(l. I have not heard to-day from General Shields. I hope he may be able to head Jackson, especially as your vigorous pursuit must retard his retreat. I am, general, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Comdg. Department of the Rappahannoek. WASHINGTON, June 3, 18626.15 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Front Royal, Va.: Anxious to know whether Shields can head or flank Jackson. Please tell about where Shields and Jacksou, respectively, are at the time this reaches you. A. LINCOLN. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, June 3, 1862. (Received 9.30 a. ni. June 4.) Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR: The following has just been received from Major-General Shields: LURAY, June 310.30 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Army of the Rappahannoclc: GENERAL: The route from here to New Market is impracticable. The rebels burned (lown the bridoes on the route; one called the Columbia Bridge, 10 miles from here over the river, the other the White House Bridge, on the direct route over the river. The rains have so swelled the river that every effort to construct a bridge of boats has proved impracticable. My only chance now is to push on to Conrads Store. The bridge there I expect to find burned also, but by going higher up we may find a ford. This would bring us out at Harrisonburg. If the river rises as at present it is doing 1 cannot hope to ford even there. My next move will be to push on to Stanardsville, destroy there railroad and depot, and if possible to Staunton or Charlottesville. I have no cavalry. The Rhode island cavalry has broken down and I must send it back, keeping only a few for orderlies. This cavalry has been sadly neglected. Can you not send me cavalry that can work, fora0e, & c.~ If I cannot take the enemy in reverse at Rudes Hill, look to it. You cannot carry it in front without loss, and perhaps heavy loss. Rudes Hill is between Mount Jackson and New Market. I drove him out by a flank movement on the west side of the turnpike, but I fear the riveris too high now to effect this. With good cavalry I could stampede them to Richmond. I will destroy their means of escape somehow. Send me cavalry that can march and know how to take care of themselves. Yours, most respectfully, JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding Divi8ion. The amount of all this is that he cannot cross the Shenandoah in time to intercept Jackson. The river is swollen and has carried awa Page 326 326 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. xxiv. the two bridges across the North Fork, and isolating ns from Q~eneral Fr6monts army in this direction and cntting oft the Twenty- sixth New York Regiment from General ~ division. The fords are impassable. In attempting one, over a snvall tribntary, three of my staff were swept away and nearly drowned. The river will be down in a day or two, thongh it is still rising. l3nt a. (lay, or half a one, is sufficient for Jacksons purpose. General Shields asks, as a condition of being able to staml)ede the enemy to Richmond, some cavalry of a kind I am unable to give him. The Rhode Island is as good as I have; and as to his preventing the enemys escape somehow, I fear it will be like his intention of cross- ing the river somehow. His command is not in a condition to go to the places he names. It has occurred to me that possibly the enemy, having effected his purpose here, may now go to Richmond or Fredericksburg without be ing stampeded to do IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. FRoNT ROYAL, June 3, 1862. (Received Jnne 4, 5.30 p. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I sent an aide-de.camp yesterday a. m. to overtake General Shields with information of General Fr6monts presence in the valley above Strasbnrg. I have just. received the following in return: LURAY, VA., June 1, 15624 a. in. General MCDOWELL, Commanding: Your dispatches i-eceived. We have heard the sound of cannon on the Strasburg turnpike yesterday, and judged it was Fr6monts men. My a(lvance last nigbt reached the Shenandoah River to cross to New Market, but found bridges burned. This will retard us. We must cross to-day somehow. Let Fr6mont know that I will follow his rear. We have caught him now. Jackson knows I am in his rear, because several fled from here on our approach. Lizey is said to be at Thorntons Gap. Yours, sincerely, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. The somehow in which the general is to cross the i-iver to-day, swollen as it is by the heavy rains, is not 50 clear, an(l the delay defeats the movement. I have heard nothing from General Fr~inommt since my telegram of this morning. A small sn~)ply of food caine to-day in wagons. It will give us another (lays supI)ly, and may enable mis to wait for the railway. I this moment learmi as a canse for the delay on the railroad that out. of all the locomotives but two are now doing dut.y. We are literally from hand to month, and may have tronbic. IRVIN MCDOWELL,. - Major- General, Commanding Department. DIVISION HEADQUARTERS, Gainesville, June 3, 1862. Col. E. ScnRrvER, Chief of Staff: Sin: After Augurs brigade of infantry and two 01 Patricks m-egi- muents had got away from Catletts by railroad on the afternoon an Page 327 CHAP. XXIV.I CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 327 evening of Saturday last, 31st ultiino, we ~vere left for nearly forty hours without the means either of transporting the remainder of my infantry by rail or of comianiiicating by telegra~)lI with department lieadquar- ters. I was the more concerned about this state of things beeause your own and General McDowells dispatches directed me to push forward my infantry as fast as possible. On the morning of the 1st instant I ordered the cavalry, artillery, and the brigade and division trains to proceed to Hay Market and Thoroughfare, and to await further orders at the latter point. On the morning of the 2d instant I was informed by the operator at Manassas that they had had no telegraphic communication with Front Royal, where the department headquarters were presumed to be, for twenty-four hoars past, and the railroad dispatcher at Manassas ap- prised me at the same time that it was entirely uncertain when he could furnish me with sufficient cars to forward the residue of the infan try from Catletts. In view of these circumstances I decided, after consulting with Gen- erals Patrick and Gibbon, to march the infantry, subsisteimce, and cattle across the country to Hay Market, in hopes of there re-establishing our communication with headquarters, and gaining time and distance if an onward movement was contemplated. Accordingly our column was put in march about noon, the division headquarters fhllowing after everything had been started from Catletts. Gibbons brigade, which was in the advance, reached Hay Market abont 6 p. in., the heat of the weather and condition of the roads com- pelling us to move slowly, Augurs brigade arriving simultaneously by rail from Front Royal. The cavalry, artillery, and general train, which had gone as far as Thoroughfare, returned about the same time; so that the whole division is now once more concentrated in the imme diate neighborhood of Hay Market, on good ground, contiguous to the railroad. The cattle and subsistence train, under an escort of cavalry, halted last night some miles back, but will be up to-day. Permission has been asked by several officers to go to Washington for twenty-four or forty-eight hours on special business for their several commands. Will the general commanding authorize me to grant such brief leaves of absence in cases which may be deemed of real necessity l The generals of brigades aud myself would like to call upon the gen. eral commanding at headquarters some time to-morrow, if our presence here is not required and we can obtain railroad conveyance to Front Royal. Is it possible to obtain an instrument and telegraph operator for this pointsupposing that we may remain here a few daysto put us in communication with headquarters ~l Very respectfully, RUFUS KiNG, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 3, 1862. Lieutenant-Colonel THOMPSON, Chief Quartermaster Shields Division: Your communications of the 2d and 3d instant, about impressment of horses and sending forward forage and supplies to General Shield Page 328 328 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. . [CHAP. XXIV. division, have been transmitted to General McDowell, who directs inc to inform you that supplies are being deposited at this place as fast as possible, from which General Shields must be 5U1)plied with his own wagons, there being no others here. There is an abundance of forage on General Shields route, of which he must avail himself, as no forage can be got forward such a distance at this time. When any shall be deposited here of course he can have it. As to impressment of horses, no one except the officers of the quarter- masters department in General Shields division must take them, and then only to replace those unfit for service, giving regular receipts therefor. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRJVER, Colonel and Chief of & aff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK Front Royal, Va., June 3, 1862. COMMANDING OFFICER UNITED STATES TROOPS AT STRASBTJRG: Captain Mallorys of the 3d June, to the chief commissary of this department, has been seen by General McDowell, who directs you to be informed that if the prisoners of war now at Strasburg be sent via Middletown to Colonel Christians regiment, encamped at the forks of the Shenandoah, on time Winchester side, they will be subsisted, but provisions cannot be sent forward, as suggested in the note, because of the destruction of bridges and rise of water at the fords. To effect the above Colonel Christian will be ordere(l to send two coml)anies of his regiment to Strasburg for the purpose of escorting the l)risoners to his headquarters, on being notified in advance of the time when the prisoners can be sent. Very respectfully, ED. SCIIRJVER, Colonel and Chief of & aff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 3, 1862. Maj. Gemi. E. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: GENERAL: Understandino that you have resumed command of your division, Major-General McDowell directs that you take charge of the railroad, in cln(ling its bridges, between this point and Strasburg. For the protection of the bridges suitable block-houses will be erected. This special duty will be assigned to Duryeas brigade, it beirm gthe intention of the general to remove the other two (Ricketts and Hart- suits) up the valley. The telegraph line should also have your attention and protection, and any person found imiterfering in any mischievous way with either railroad or telegraph will be put to death on the spot. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRJVER, Colonel and Chief of Staff Page 329 CHAP. XXiY.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 329 IIDQRs. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 3, 1862. Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: GENERAL: It is the order of Major-General McDowell that you send your cavalry force to Strasburg via Middletown, and conduct away from there the prisoners of war, bringing them to this place. Of course they cannot return before to-morrow. The general directs iue to remind you that General Durycas brigade has charge of the town of Front Royal, the police of the same, the guard- ing of prisoners, & c., and that therefore it is not possible, even if it were desirabie, to employ the whole brigade in guarding the railroad. The regiment now employed in the city is therefore not to be assigned to the guarding of the railroad. Very respectfully, ED. SCHEIVEB, Colonel and Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Rayal, Va., June 3, 1862. Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: GENERAL: There is apprehension that a bridge which has beeii car- ried away near Strasburg may float down, an(l lodging against the wagon bridge over the North Fork may carry away its supports. On the South Fork there is a bridge moving, and the general commanding directs that you be informed of the same, that you may make the nec- essary preparations to avoid the destruction of the bridges which are threatened. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SUBRIVER, Colonel and Chief of StatT HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 3, 1862. Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: GENERAL: It is the direction of Major-General McDowell that you take adequate measures to be prepared to throw across the river pro- visions for Colonel Christians regiment, which you report to be cut off by the bridge across the North Fork of the Shenandoah beino carried away. To avoid the chances of Generals llartsuffs and lticketts brigades being in the same straits, the general suggests that you withdraw them on this side of the bridge while it yet stands, if in your judgment it can be done with safety. Supplies have been had since this morning, and if your brigade com- missaries will apply direct to the. chief commissary of the department it will facilitate their procurement much. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRJVEIR, Colonel and Chief of Staff Page 330 330 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va. ,Janc 3,1862. Maj. Gem V. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: GENERAL: Your letter of this date, reporting the passage of the river on the road to Strasburg impracticable, has been submitted to the geii- eral commanding, who directs that the order to bring the ~nsoiwr~ I romn that town be deferred until such time as it may be l)ra.cticable. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHRIVER, Colonel and Chief of Star IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, June 3, 1862. Brig. Gemi. JOHN W. GEARY Commanding, & e., Ashbys Gap: GENERAL: Your communication of the 2d instant to Major-General McDowell (all such should be addressed to the assistant adjutant-gen- eral at these headquarters) has been received, and I am directed to inform you that Jackson was iu full retreat through Strasbnrg on Sunday, and he is now up the valley, pursue(l by Bayards cavalry, and followed by the whole of Fr6monts army. You will therefore resume with your troops the position you recently occupied on the line of tfine Manassas Gap Railroad, making your headquarters at IRectortown. On receipt of this send in a return of your force. I inclose a tele- graph which has been here a (lay or two. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCIIRIVEIR, Colonel and Chief of AStaff. NOTE.GO to IRectortown in advance of your command as soon as possible, so that you may confer with Colonel Haupt, aide-de-camp, who is to be there with instructions. MARTINSBURG, June 3, f1862]1O p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL: DEAR SIR: We shall be in Winchester to-morrow, and will open communication with you at once. Winchester is without rebel troops, but we are not certain where Jackson is. Will communicate with you early to-morrow. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Jc. WILLJAMSPORT, June 3, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Major-General Banks directs me to inform you that he has ordered the First Maryland Regiment of Volunteer Inflintry, Colonel Ketuly, to Baltimore for reorganization, recruiting, aII(l eqmli~)1ne11t. The SCHiO Page 331 CHAP. XXIV. CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.ITNION. 331 officer has iiistructions to report to the Governor of Maryland for or(lers in the case. The general respectfully requests that you will authorize the Governor to place the regiment on its original footing. D. D. PERKINS, Major, Chief of Staff. SMITHFIELD VA , ., June 3, 1862, via Harpers Ferry. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: One of my cavalry companies sent out to Winchester at (laybreak this morning reports that there were no Confederate troops in that place, but that some Federal cavalry had passed through the place. The company sent must now he in Winchester. A staff officer of Gen- eral Banks arrived to-day. General Banks advance guard is at Mai-- tinsburg. F. SIGEL, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 3, 18~2. Major-General SIGEL, Winchester: GENERAL: Your telegraphic reports have beeii received, and the Department is much gratified by the promptness of your movement. Please state the present condition of your force, and whether you have yet formed a junction with General Banks. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. FRONT ROYAL, June 4, 186212.10 a. m. (Received 9.30 a. in.) His Excellency the PRESIDENT: Your telegram just received. My long dispatch to the Secretary answers it fully, except as to the position at this time of Jacksons army, which I can only infer, as I have nothing on that point from either General Fr~mont or General Shields. Since Fr6inont has been in Woodstock, Jackson has had time to be south of Mount Jackson, with macadamized turnpike. Shields is at Luray; his advance at the Shenandoah, on the road to New Market, with an indifferent road, which the constant rains are making bad, and with the Shenandoah irnl)assable and rising. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 4, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The telegraph opera toi- at Fredericksburg reports that all the bridges at that point are carried away by the freshets. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 332 332 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. IIDQR5. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Pront Royal, June 4, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received June 5~ 10.40 a.m.) Secretary of War: The heavy rains, which continue to fall and which cover a large extent of country, are causing heavy freshets. We are trying to save the bridge of South Shenandoah, but have but little hope of doing so. The river is rising fast. The railroad bridges behind us are jv ing way. Nothing to-day from General Frdmont. Major-General Shields is still at Luray. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Gommanding. FRONT RoYAL, June 4, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received June 5, 12.30 p. in.) Secretary of War: In view of the present position of the troops in this quarter and of the supposed position of the enemys forces and of the offensive and defensive operatiobs to be carried on, I trust it may not be considered improper it; from my present point of view, I make the following sug- gestions: First. Extend the limits of the Mountain Department eastward to the road running from Williamsport to Martinsburg, Winchester, Stras- burg, to the south. Second. Extend the Department of the Shenandoah eastward to take from the Department of the Rappahannock what is known as the Piedmont District, w lieu comprises the country betweeu the Blue Ridge and the lesser ridges to the east, known as the Bull Run Mountain, Carters Mountain, & c. Let General Fr~niont continue to occupy and operate in force on the line he is now upon up the west bank of the North Shenandoah, having a strong place at or near Mount Jackson or New Market, completing at the same time the work commenced by General Banks at Strasbnrg. The troops on this line can be supplied over an excellent road running directly to the rear or by the railroad coming from Alexandria to Stras- burg. Let General Banks, with the divisions of Williams an(l General Sigel, occupy in force the line up the east bank of the South Shenan- (loab, establishino a strong place near Luray, with his (lepot at Front Royal. This will effectually guard against another raid such as has been committe(l by Jackson, will at the same time aid in effectually covering Washington, and will free the forces of the Department of the Rappahannock to act either in conjunction with those under McClellan against Richmond, as was arranged, or if not needed there, to go offen- sively on the line of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad toward Gor- donsville, Charlottesville, & c. IRVIN MCDOWELL. JUNE 5, 1862. P. S.The above was intended to be sent to Washington by General Van Rensselaer yesterday, but he being prevented from going forward by the destruction of a bridge, it is sent by telegraph. I. MoD Page 333 CRAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 333 RECTORTOWN, June 4, 1862. Major-General MCDoWELL: Goose Creek bridges all right except one nearest iRectortown, which is critical. Shenandoah Bridge safe when I left at 3.30 p. m. I have placed two bridge-carpenters at each bridge to clear away drift. Will send down balance of knapsacks of Ords division and balance of com- missary stores from Piedmont. There are four trains of supplies at iRectortown bound up. Will leave as soon as bridge can be repaired, which will be to-morrow. Bridge over Bull iRun was carried away to- day. HAUPT, Colonel and Aide-de4Jamp. WASHINGTON, June 4, 1862. Colonel HAUPT: I have this moment received the following orders: Col. D. C. MCCALLUM, Military Director and Superintendent of Railroad8: The troops in the Shenandoah Valley are suffering for want of food. Provision8 enough have been prepared for shipment, bat the railroad management does not get them forward. It is therefore determined to give the chief (lUartermaster of depot a gen- eral authority to regulate the dispatch of stores by the Alexandria and Orange and Mauassas Gal) Railroad, and you are directed to repoit to him for orders, which you will carry out with the whole force at your disposal, if that be needed. Colonel Rucker, chief quartermaster, aide-dc-camp, will give the necessary instructions. Respectfully, by order of Secretary of War: M. C. MEIGS, Quartermaster- General. FRONT ROYAL, June 4, 1862, (Received June 5, 8.35 a. in.) Hon. E. M. STANTON: I beg that the Quartermaster-Generals telegram, directing Colonel ilaupt to report to Colonel Rucker, may be revoked. The failure to get forward supplies is not due to Colonel Haupts management. He is, as you know, one of the best railroad managers in the United States, and I beg to assure you he is doing more than any other man can do. With the broken-down road, and weak, worn-out old locomotives, bridges going down with the freshet, and insufficient assistance, he has difficulty, enough without adding to them by placing him under an officer who has had no experience in the business of railroad manage- ment, of which ilaupt is the head. You have done me the great favor to place Colonel ilaupt on my staff as the chief of the railroad department within the Department of the Rappahannock. I shall lose [him] to all intents and purposes if he is placed under an officer who is not under my com~nand, aIld who knows comparatively nothing of the business he is to superintend. IRVIN MCDOWELL Page 334 334 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 4, 1862. Maj. (len. E. 0. C. ORB, Commanding Division: GENERAL: The general commanding has seeii your communication ot this date respecting the disposition of your command in respect to the bridges over the river. He now wishes you to inform him of the condition as to supplies of Colonel Christians regiment and the battery of artillery with it and of the means you have adopted for sending them to those troops in futnre. The general directs that you adopt proper measnres to prevent the lodging of drift timber against the bridge near this town and to do all yon can to prevent its being carried away. This is all-important. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHRIVER, Colonel and Chief of Staff LURAY, June 4, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I have just issued orders to have all who are sick and unable to march [sent] back to Front Royal, and with the residue, if it be humanly possible, I will ascend the river, cross it, and take Jackson iii the rear. My command are already destitute of everything in the way of shoes, and will soon be destitute of provisions and forage. Already the Rhode islanders have broken down, and my own brave division will fail unless supplies are forthcoming. There are none to be had at Front Royal. I have asked for subsistence and it has not come. The railroad has failed. We must make quick work with Jackson, as it is all bad. JAS. SHIELDS~~ Major- General, Commanding Divtswn. COLUMBIA BRIDGE, VA., June 4, Via Front Royal, June 5, 18621.45 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The advance of my command is at Conrads Store, opposite to Har- risonburg, 20 miles from here. All the bridges on Shenandoah are burned. The river is a torrent, owing to incessant rains for three days, and utterly impassable. The enemy is on the pike between Strasbnrg and New MarketI think at Rudes Hill; but thi sis only conjecture. Our forces in his rear ke.ep you advised. I cannot now take him in reverse, owing to the inundation. Roads have become impassable. I want hard bread, salt, sugar, and coff~e. Send me these. We have too many men and no supplies. While the river is up I could move on Stanardsvillehis depotand destroy the road, if I had supplies. The rains have saved him at present from annihila- tion. Give me bread and I will do it yet. I cannot fight against the elements, but give me bread to keep me alive and they will never leave this valley. Their force is inconsiderable, not, in my opinion, 7,000. I will stampede them down to Richmond if you give me pleimty of bread. JAS. SHiELDS, Major- General, Commanding Page 335 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 335 LURAY, June 4, 1862. (Received June 5, 11.30.) Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding Army of the Rappahannock: GENERAL: I have the honor to communicate that Colonel Carroll, with a force of 100 men and two pieces of artillery, after a forced nights march, reached Conrads Bridge this morning at 5 oclock, which bridoe he found burned. You will perceive from this and my previous communications that all the bridges, Columbia, White House, and Conrads, have been de- stroyed. Owing to the recent heavy rains the river has become so swollen as to make a crossing impossible for the present. The roads have become impassable for wagons beyond the Columbia Bridge. We cannot fight against the elements. The main body of Colonel Carrolls brigade is now a few miles beyonu Colambia Bridge. The remainder of this division is stationed near the town and occupying all the roads leading to it. The enemy is doubtless at Rudes Hill, where he would keel) the army in check. Stanardsville is one of the principal depots, where I think they have supplies for Jacksons army. We must try to get hold of this, burn the cars, destroy the road and save the supplies. This will prevent Jack- sons escape and the enemys advance. Our supplies are exhausted, and we must now live on the country. To fall back would not better our condition, as there is nothing at Front Royal, and it might lead to a stampede of this whole army. Please instruct me as to the position and condition of your forces, and any information with regard to the other commands that you may possess. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding. COLUMBIA BRIDGE, June 4, 1862. Colonel CARROLL, Commanding Fourth Brigade: Our friends have driven the enemy to New Market. He can only es- cape by Staunton. He has burned his own bridges. The whole of your command is to march to join you. Leave a guard and wagons and cais- sons at Conrads and on to Staunton. Destroy cars, railroads, depots, and all facilities for his escape. You must go forward at once with cavalry and guns to save the bridge at Port Republic. JAS. SHIELDS, Comrn~anding Division. FALMOUTH, June 4, 18627 p. in. Hon. E. M. STANTON, AS~ecretary of War: The trestle bridge was carried away by the flood about 2 p. m. to- day, and has carried away two spans of the railroad bridge and the canal-boat bridge. General McCall is sick, and I have directed Mr Page 336 336 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Stone to get his force at work to repair the railroad bridge at once. The canal-boat bridge can be replaced by the time General McDowells forces return here. JOHN F. REYNOLDS, Brigadier- General, Commanding. MOUNTAIN DEPT., HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN TilE FIELD, Mount Jackson, Va., June 4, 1862. Maj. Gen. I. McDowELL, Commanding at Front Royal: GENERAL: It being reported that the town of Strasburg is in a de. gree insecure by reason of scattering bodies of the enemy in the neigh- borhood, as well as on account of some 400 intractable prisoners neces- sary to be kept safely, the general commanding directs that you take the earliest practicable measures to place at Strasbnrg a sufficient force to guard and secure the whole. Respectfully, your obedient servant, ALBERT TRACY, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General. FRONT ROYAL, VA., June 4, 1862. Maj. A. BECKWITH, Commissary of AS~ubsistence: We are in trouble about our bridges, and fear our own supplies being present. We have here 25,000 men. General King, at hay Market, has 11,000 more. General Frdmont has 20,000. Our present supply, if the trains arrive, will be 100,000 rationshardly three days for our- selves. At least 35,000 rations should be sent forward daily for our own force, independent of General Fr& nont, who can only be supplied by forwarding to New Market, theuce by wagon. The heavy rains of past five days have entirely upset all our calculations. J. M. SANDERSON, Gaptain and Commissary of $ubsistenee. MARTINSBURG, June 4, 186210 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Front Royal: The best information I can get is that Jackson left Winchester Fri- day at 11 a.. in.; encountered Fr6mouts advance at Cedar Creek, which he held in check until his army passed up the x-alley. His rear guard took position on a hill 2 miles above Strasburg, which lie held; the can- nonading of Sunday and Monday was here, an(i was incessant. He is said to have eighty pieces of artillery; two 20-pounders. Wlien last heard from his force was at New Market. General Sigel goes to Winchester to-day. I shall be there to-night. My advance will be there to-night9 Will communicate further. N. P. BANKS, Major- General Page 337 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 337 WINCHESTER, June 4, 18G~8 p. m. (Ii~eceived June 5, 186212 in.) [General MCDOWELL:] GENERAL: It is represented here that Jackson has passed up the valley, Fr6mont closely pressing his rear, more or less damaged. He is at Mount Jackson some say, others at New Market. A close watch should be kept upon his movements. The brigade of General Crawford will be here to-morrow. Sigel arrived to-day. No further news. Hope to receive definite reports to-night from our cavalry reconnaissances. Nothing new from Itich- mond. N. P. BANKS. HEADQUARTERS FIRST BRIGADE, June 4, 1862. CAPTAIN: Mr. Caldwell has just returned from New River. lie crossed at Packs Ferry last night about two hours before dark; went about 8 miles up New River. Was satisfied that from the rise of water he would be unable to cross Indian Creek, and turned back to the road leading through the Farms settlement. Stopped at Mr. Jack I)uuns, a man not considered very loyal. From him leariied nearly all that he was able to gather in the way of information. Dunn professed to have heard from his nephew at the Salt Sulphura man by the name of Youngthat Ileth was there on Sunday evening last with the force that retreated after the fight at Lewisburgreported to be two regi- mnents and one-half regiment. This was all the force that went from the Narrows. Mr. Caldwell is in doubt whether the artillery taken went from the Narrows or from Bonsacks. The report from the secesh over the river is that the loss of the enemy was even greater than that reported here. They have it that there must have becim 500 killed. Dunn thinks there are no troops at Peterstown. Day before ye8ter- day there were some 13 cavalry at his house. They came front the Narrows. They caine down about Landrafts [~] and went back in a hurry. Colonel Chambers son, who is now at Packs Ferry, having left time militia some four weeks ago, came front the mieighborhood of Peterstown on Sunday last, the 1st instant. He thinks, from all that he heard, that there is about a regiment of trOOi)5 at the Narrows. It is rumored and confidently believed that some Moccasin Ran- gers some 40 or 50are now at the Farms. They are a new band of rovers, whose whereabouts can miever be kitown for a day. Dunn thinks the Rangers are engaged hi watching time boat building at Packs Ferry. No rumors of forces coining in from other quarters. Mr. Caidwell reports that the heavy rain had so swelled the creeks as to make it impossible to cross ihem, if he wemit through the woods, as was l)roposed; and the great rise of New River made it necessary that lie should hurry his steps or be caught by the flood. He could have laid out in the woods, but thinking it would give rise to suspicion of his having proved false, concluded that he had better return and make another start if necessary. When tIme river hills he can remmew the effort, but suggests that the attempt be made by going upon this side the river and crossing at Shanklins or Ciumps Ferry. He would like 2 R RYOL XII~ PT Il Page 338 338 OPERA 1210N5 IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [OKAP. XXIV. one of our men to go with him, if a proper person could be procured. Would be willing to start as soon as it is safe or possible to cross the river. Would leave to-morrow if thought best, and reach the cross- ing so as to take the first opportunity of reaching the other side of the river. Very respectfully, & c., E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding First Provisional Brigade. HEADQUARTERS FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Camp Flat Top, June 4, 1862. Assistant Adjutant- General: SIR: Captain Townsend Thirtieth Regiment, reports that he has scouted to the mouth of Blue~ tone and up the river as far as the month of Little Blue Stone; thence p the road to his camp, at the junctioii of the Blue Stone road and the turnpike. He has also sent scouts (squads) to settlements several miles from his camp, but finds no enemy, and iears of none nearer than the Narrows and Princeton. Says it is reported that the force is weak at those points. Has found a musket and cartridge box hidden hi the woods near a house, but (lid not find the owner. Everything seems to be quiet thereabout. Very respectfully, & c., E. P. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding First Provisional Brigade. HARPERS FERRY, June 4, 18626 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Ou reconnoitering the Winchester Railroad to day found that the bridge across the Opequon was burned. Informed General Sigel that on to-morrow a train of subsistence will be at Wadesville at 11 a. in.; to meet it with a regiment of infantry to protect that place, and with his wagons. It is 11 miles from Winchester. The Potomac is rising very fast, and we fear every moment that the bridge will be carried away. D. 5. MILES, Colonel Second Infantry. FRONT ROYAL, June 5, 18629 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The last bridges over the Sheiiandoah, namely, the wagon and rail- road bridges over the South Fork, were carried away this morning, not- withstanding all our efforts to prevent it. The Goose Creek bridges still stand. The Bull Run Bridge is gone. The only part of my coni- niand now likely to suffer for want of subsistence until the communi- cation can be re-established is Bayards brigade of cavalry, operating with General Fi6mont, which has been without rations for two days, and which is at this time inaccessible from this quarter. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General Page 339 CHAP. XXIV. I CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 339 FRONT RoxAr~, June 5, 1862. Hon. E. lxi. STANTON, Secretary of lYar: Just received dispatch from General Shields at Luray, dated yester- (lay, reporting that Colonel Carroll, with 100 men and two pieces artil- lery, after a forced nights march, rcached Conrads Bridge at 5 oclock yesterday morning, which he found burned. The general says from there tht~t Owing to the recent heavy rains the river is so swollen as to make crossing impossi- ble for the present. The roads hare become iml)assable for wagons beyond the Cohim- bia Bridge, 8 miles from Lnray. We cannot tight against the elements. The main body of Carrolls brigade is a few miles beyond Columbia Bridge. The remainder of this (Shields) division is stationed near the town and occnI)ying all the roads lead- ing to it. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, 17a., June 5, 1862. Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS, Commanding Department: GENERAL: I have to acknowledge the receipt of your communicatiou of the 3d instant. It is reported to me that there are a large number of prisoners at Strasburg inadequately guarded and that provisions are required for them. All communication being cut off by the loss of all the bridges over the Shenandoah between this point and that, l)y which either men or provisions can be sent there, I think it well to acquaint you of the fact, so that if you see fit you can remove the l)risouers or send pro- visions for them and an adequate guard. ~Jackson passed through Strasburg on Saturday an(l Sunday and ~vent up the valley, pursued by a brigade of my cavalry in the lead of Major-Gemieral Fr~monts whole army. I last heard froni them near Mount Jackson, still in l)nrsuit. My cavalry have been without rations for two days, and General Fr& monts supplies must be exhausted. The bridge over Bull Run has been carried away, but I have, I think, enough subsistence to last till it can be rebuilt. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. P. S.Your notes by Captain Foster, Fifth New York Cavalry, are just received. A report from Major-General Shields, this moment re- ceived, reports having sent 100 men and two pieces of artillery as f~r up as Conrads Store, fin ding all the bridges burned and river impass- able. I. MuD Page 340 340 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. (CHAP. XXIV. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IIAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 5, 1862. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, Commanding Division: GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your dis- patch o~ the 4th by the hand of Captain Ilaycock. I am intrusted by the major-general commanding to say in reply that subsistence and beef on the hoof left here for your division day before yesterday, and must have beeii receive(l before this. The floods have carried away the Bull Run Bridge and have done other damage on the line of the road, but it israpidly being restored, and no serious detention in the driving forward of supplies to this place is anticipated. As far as the means of transportation belonging to your division and the condition of the roads will go you can depend on obtaining supplies from this point. In order to do this to the full extent of your means your wagons must be employed for that purpose, and your nien must either carry their knapsacks or do as Jacksons men did, leave theni behind them. The wagons must not be made to carry anything not absolutely necessary, and a rigid inspection must be ordered to see that this rule is observed. We cannot catch a light-footed enemy and carry such heavy weights. You report the roads beyond Columbia Bridge as being impassable for wagons, and of course for artillery. How, then, do you propose at this time to get your division to Staunton ~ The major-general commanding is as anxious as you to accomplish something, even in spite of the elements, with your gallamit division, and will give it any facility in his power. To whatever distance you may, from your better knowledge of the roads and country, feel yourself justified in going, the general wishes you to have all your force well in hand, with the parts in supporting distance of each other. The grass is now of the best, and you must do as we do in Texas and on the l)lains, graze your horses, unless you can get grain in the coun- try. In taking it you will please instruct your quartermaster to be governed by the orders on that subject communicated to him through the chief quartermaster at department headquarters. Whatever pri- vate property is taken you will cause the officer taking it to send here immediately a duplicate of the receipt given the party from whom the supplies are taken. All the bridges across the Shenandoah are swept away. Bayards brigade of cavalry is still with General Fr6uiout. As soon as you get near enough to each other the general wishes it to join you. Please to inform him when you have the opportunity. General Fr& mont must now be at or near New Market. Part of Gids division has been caught on the other side of the river and cannot get back. As soon as it can move, the larger part of his (livision will go to Luray, and Kings division is ordered to-day to War- renton town. Can the country through which you are operating sup- port more than your own (livision ~ Please answer immediately as fully as possible on this head. When, probThly, if the weather continues fine, can you count on the roads being passable for artillery beyond Columbia Bridge I The Secretary informs us that Major-General Pope, at the head o Page 341 (MAP. X\I\. 1 CORRES1~ON1)ENCE, ETCUNION. 341 B),000, pursued Beauregards army beyond Corinth, taking 10,000 pris- iCIS. Beauregard frantic. Very respectfully, & c., ED. SCHRJYER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDs DIvISIoN, Alma, June 5, 18G2. Colonel CARROLL, Commanding A dvance: There is a vague rumor of a force advancing against us from Gor- izlonsville by way of Stanardsville. You will therefore try and keep your small force on this side of the point where that road cuts the road leading from here to Port Republic, so as to be able to fall back in this direction in case of necessity. Throw out your pickets as far as your feeble force will permit upon the Stanardsville road. I am trying to rebuild the Columbia Bridge. Respectfully, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, tJommanding. HEADQUARTERS SECOND DIVISION, Camp near Front Royal, June 5, 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER, Chief of St~fl~, Headquarters Army of the Rappahannock: SIR: In reply to your note, just received, propounding the query whether and when you (I) can get the whole of your (my) division on this side of the Shenandoah, I have to reply that the river is now such a torrent, and its waters so loaded with floating logs and drift, that Major Tilison reports to me to-day that it is dangerous to attempt to cross in boats. Should the rains cease with this afternoon the waters are expected to subside in about thirty hours so that the river can be boated and a ferry established, but I have broken and lost some of the picket and other ropes within my reach, and cannot readily establish a ferry or move the regiment and part of battery on the other side with- out more rope. I am informed that the bridge-building parties here are provided with the necessary ropes and tackle to put them over rivers. I think, if so, they could use them to better advantage than any detail I might make. Respectfully, your obedient servant, E. O~ C. ORD, Major- General, & c. P. S.Major Whitneys command of cavalry I did not include in the statement of troops on the other side. The time to be occupie(l in cross- ing the artillery and infantry with their equipments would be in my opinion a day. I have sent Major Tillson to examine the facilities for crossing and then to report at headquarters. B. 0. C. ORD, Major.Gencr~& l, & o Page 342 342 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND Ml). [ChAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS DIvIsIoN, June 5, 1862. Col. E. SCHRLVER. Chief of Staff, Army of the Rappahannoel:: SIR: Colonel Allen has just reported to me that the wagon-road bridge was swept off about 3 oclock a. in. and the railroad bridge about 5. I am, sir, respectfully, & c., B. 0. C. ORD, 1Jic~oF- General of Volanteers. HARPERS FERRY, June 5, 1862 Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The bridge was swept off last night; also the trestling on the Win- chester Railroad, abont a mile above here, J)reventing the train running to Winchester. General Sigels division has five days rations. We have on this side of the river 60,000 rations. The river still rising. D. 5. MILES, Colonel Second Infantry. HARPERS FERRY, June 5, 1862. Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR: An officer just from Opequon reports bridge safe, and that stream falling. Will pass over it to-morrow. Subsistence for Crawfords brigade at Ma.rtinsburg and Bests new battery. Trestle-work at Back Creek gone; also at Great and Little Cacapon. Cant hear from Sleepy Creek. River falling west of Martinsburg. it is very high here. Store-houses and stables flooded; also lo~ver story of arsenal on the island. Stores saved. Will report other bridges as I hear of them. D. 5. MILES, Colonel Second Infantry. HARPERS FERRY, June 5, 1862. Via Wheeling, 8.30 P. ni. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Further intelligence from the west says Little Cacapon Bridge is repaired. Timber sem~t for rel)air of Great Cacapomi. I~attersoims Creek Bridge safe; secured by a loaded train of coal cars. The bridge at Opequon will be in order with a ft~w hours work. Workmen will, as soon as the Shenandoah falls, be sent on the Winchester Railroadthe agent thinks in three or four days. So soon as it amid time main stein is repaired it ought to be guarded. Time Fifty-fourth Penmmsylvania is now on the road from South Branch to Back River, apd the fragmnent of McGowans company at Opequon, protecting stores and bridge, the only troops on the railroad west of the Potomac. D. 5. MILES, Colonel Second Infantry Page 343 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDflNCE, ETC.UNION. 34~4 FALMOTJTH, June 5, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: The following is respectfully forwarded for the information of the War Department: By your direction I have the honor to report that I this morning made an examina- tion of the damage done to the bridges over the Rappahannock at this place by the flood yesterday. The trestle bridge lately put up directly in front of the Lacy house was entirely swept away, and in its progress dowi the river it carried with it the trestle-work of the two center spans of the railroad bridge, and also started the canal-boat bridge. The pontoon bridge had been taken up by your orders the day before. In conversation with Mr. Stone, who has charge of the railroad construction at this place, he thought the railroad bridge could be rebuilt in the course of eight or ten days. The pontoon and canal-boat bridges can be put across the river as soon as the water falls sufficiently to allow it. All the boats are saved. HENRY A. SHEETS, Aide-de-Camr. GEG. A. McCALL. 4. FRONT ROYAL, June 5, 18623 p. m. Brigadier-General KING: The major-general commanding directs that you move your division to the town of Warrenton early to-morrow morning. It is reported that 1,500 cavalry were there on the evening of the 4th instant. Acknowledge receipt. ED. SCHRJYER, Colonel and Chief of & aff. HEADQUARTERS, Winchester, June 5, 1862. [General McDOWELL :J GENERAL: I fear we are not in condition to furnish provisions to the prisoners at Strasburg, but I shall send a detachment tip to-morrow to ascertain their. condition. The great rains have cut off all our snpplies. The river at Williamsport is impassablenot a boat can cross. The bridge at Harpers Ferry is carried away aiid the bridges on the Balti- more and Ohio Railroad. We are without wagons or rations for our own troops for more than a day or two. The prisoners might be brought here if necessary. A servant that I find here reports a conversation heard between the rebel officers at the hotel on the day Jackson left. In speaking of their being cut off by your forces, they said that Johnston and Lee were to support them from the Lnray road and Smith and Magruder at Staun- toim. Their pnrpose was to draw our troops into the valley as far as possible and destroy them by greatly superior forces. We beard these reports often when In the valley, and do not attach much importance. They are given as a part of the history of the day. Very truly, yours, N. P. BANKS, Major- General Page 344 344 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ~CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS, Winche8ter, June 5, 1862. General LORE~zO THOMAS, Adjata at- General U. S. Army. GENERAL: 1 have the honor to inclose reports of Surgeon Peale, Blenkers division, who was in charge of sick and wounded men at the Union Hotel hospital in Winchester during its occupation by the rebels. 111 case surgeons are exchanged, in accordance with suggestions made by those of both armies, I earnestly request that Surgeon Klein, of the Baltimore battery, captured by our forces in the engagement at Newtown on Saturday night, the 24th ultinio, be included in the list first made. He gave us valuable information, of great importance to Our forces, though iiot in any degree detrimental to the enemy. This t~ct should not be published, but it entitles him, I think, to be placed upon the earliest list of exchanges. He was kistructed to report to the pro- vost-marshal at Washington, being placed on l)aI-ole while we were at Williamsport. He belongs in Loudoun County. I have th~ honor to be, with great respect, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS, iliajor- General, & e. [Inclosure. 1 WINCHESTER, VA., June 3, 1862. General FRANZ SIGEL: SIR: On the 4th of May I was ordered by General Rosecrans to take charge of the Union Hotel hospital and organize it as a post hospital. I did so, an(1 acte(l in accordance with his instructions until the 25th, when I had but 12 patients remaining, the rest having been sent to New Creek Station. On the 23d some wounded men were brought into the hospital froni Front Royal. The evening of the 24th 230 patients were brought into Union hos- pital from Strasburg. These I accommodated on the floor as well as I could for the night. Early the next morning they nearly all started oft before I was aware of it, having become alarmed by the near approach of the battle. At about 8 a. m. the retreat of Banks forces commenced, and at the same time the quartermasters store-house, nearly opposite the hospital, was set on fire, endangering the hospital. I had the pa. tients carried (lowustairs, and ~vhen the danger became most imminent had them taken into the yard. By this time a few woumided had been brought in. The rel)els now had possession of the town, and placed a guard over the building front and rear. I gave the wounded such attention as I could in the yard during the fire. Great praise is due my nurses, Mrs. Palmer and Miss McClellan, Miller, Becker, Eichoif, and the apothecary, Mr. Riedem-er, for their de- termination, made over twelve hours previous to tIme evacuation, to re- main with me and nurse our sick. In the afternoon Dr. Black, acting medical director for the rebels, called on me to say that I should continue to give necessary attention to the sick unmolested. The wounded, numbering about 33, were admitted on Saturday. On Sunday there were further admitted 38. On Monday morning l)r. Black directed me to take charge of the hospital as surgeon-in-chief, with I)m. Bissehl, of the Fifth Connecticut Volunteem-s, as assistant. Patients continued coming in all day and neam-ly every day since unti Page 345 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 345 they number now 330. The rebel medical (brector permitted me to have 64 attendants from the prisoners, necessary for carrying on the hospital, and their commissary issued provisions on my requisition. So all went well until Saturday, the 31st, except that I had no money to furnish milk, eggs, & c. On that day their provost-marshal sent an officer to have all the men in the hospital paroled. Nearly all the patients and attendants signed the paper, a copy of which, with th.e names appended, is annexed. The rebels then evacuated the place, leaving no l)rovisIon for the hospital and taking the guards from the building. On Monday a small party of guerrillas made us all prisoners again, and kept us in close confinement. The number now in hospital as patients, according to the register, is 246. The number died, 9. The surgeons are, J. J. Johnson, surgeon Twenty-seventh Indiana Volunteers, Banks division; Francis Leland, Second Massachusetts Volunteers, Banks division; T. E. Mitchell, First Maryland Volunteers, Banks division, and Phi lip Adolphns, assistant surgeon, U. S. Army, in charge of Company F, Fourth Artillery, U. S. Army; Lincoln R. Stone, assistant surgeon, Second Massachusetts, Banks division; siah F. Day, assistant surgeon, Tenth Maine, Banks division; Evelyn L. Bissell, assistant surgeon, Fifth Connecticut, Banks division, who kindly lent me every assistance in their power, they, like myself, being prisoners. Respectfully, yours, J. BURD PEALE, Brigade Surgeon, in Charge of Hospital. HEADQUARTERS, Winchester, Va., June 5, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Siit: I beg leave respectfully to submit for your consideration the following statements: The subjoined list of troops, marked A,* shows the names and the number of the troops which I found at Harpers Ferry, and which in- cludes those now under my immediate command and those left to gar- rison that place. Those left behind I regard sufficient to garrison and to do the most essential duties of the post. I would further state that these troops now at Winchester, although individually good men and of good will, are mere recruits, without the first rudimentary knowledge of drill or military discipline, and very poorly provided for in most respects. I can therefore only regard them as a kind of reserve, to follow for the moment the movements of troops in advance and to be prepared in the mean time for more earnest duties. These considerations, together with the fact that these troops do not even form a division, but only two-thirds of one, would furnish the op- portunity to realize the proposition I submitted to you in Washington, only making Winchester rather than Washington a military district and a place of rendezvous for the organization of a corps darm6c of an army of reserve. I also beg leave to refer you to the letter I wrote you from Saint * Not found Page 346 346 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ICIIAP. XXIV. Louis, in which I stated the importance of concentrating unexpectedly a strong force in the center, and to press forward against the (lifferent lines of communication connecting the East with the West, and to u:enace the enemys line on James River by crossing it west of Rich- inond and Lynchburg and operating against his left flank and rear. Two armies, of at least 50,000 men each, are actually needed to operate, one on the Gordonsville line and the other between this line and Geii- eral Hallecks department, and to cover the immense stretch of land west of the Army of the Potomac and James River. The troops I have here would have been of great use and importance in checking Jackson in the valley of the Shenandoah in case Fr~moiit had been defeated, and I did my best to meet such an emergency by executing your order and by marching 32 niiles in forty hours, under an incessant rain and with troops which I found in almost dissolution and some in open mutiny, so that even Brigadier-General Saxton re- fused to command them. Having attained the object desired, I infer that my momentary task is ended, and I would now like to know whether Jam to remain in my present contracted situation at the head of a raw, undisciplined body of troops, with which the offensive is impossible, or if I cannot be of more service by some other arrangement. I take the further liberty of sending this communication by Capt. George 0-. Lyon, one of my aides, who has my full confidence, a~nd who is conversant with my views in general. I will be especially gratified if you will grant him an interview and communicate with him in regard to my matters. I have the honor to remain, your most obedient servant, F. SIGEL, Major- General, U. ~. Volunteers. GENERAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.s OFFICE, No. 59. f Washington, June 5, 1862. A camp of instruction for 50,000 mencavalry, artillery, and in- fantry, in due proportionswill be immediately formed near Annapolis, Md. Major-General Wool, U. S. Army, will command the camp, in addition to his duties as department commander. The ground will be selected, and the troops, which will be assembled as rapidly as l)ossible under orders from the War Department, will be placed in l)osition as they arrive. Brig. 0-en. L. P. Graham is assigne(l to (luty as chief of cavalry at the camp. Brevet Brig. 0-en. Harvey Brown as chief of ar- tillery, according to his brevet. A chief of the infantry arm will here- after be designated. The Chief of Ordnaiice, the Quartermaster-Gen- eral, Commissary-General, Surgeon - General, and Paymaster-General will each designate an experienced regular officer as the chief of their respective departments at the camp. These officers will be subject to the orders of General Wool, and under his supervision will without delay establish a hospital and depots of all the supplies necessary for the heldth and efficiency of the troops at points where issues may be conveniently made. The long experience of the veteran officer assigned to command the camp will dictate the most efficient details for brigading, equipping, drilling, and disciplining the Reserve Corps dArmJe to be thus formed under him. Chiefs of the different staff bureaus are hereby directed t Page 347 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 347 aid him by promptly meeting his reasonable requisitions for the material of war. By or(ler of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. WASHINGTON, June 6, 1862. General MCDOWELL: The President directs that McCalls division be sent by water to (len- ci-al McClellan immediately on receipt, and that you place such force as may in your judgment be necessary to 1101(1 that place. In resl)ect to the ol)eration of the residue of your forces the President reserves directions to be given as soon as he decides. Transportation has been ordered up the iRappahannock from here and from Fort Monroe. Adjutant-General will issue the order. EDWIN M. STANTON, & eretary of War. WASHINGTON, June 6, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The Secretary of War directs that you immediately l)ut General Mc- Calls division in readiness to be moved to the command of General Mc- Clellan before Richmond, and that as fast as tranportation can be sup- ~died they be forwarded by the Happahannock from Fredericksburg. You will place at Fredericksburg such additional force as you may judge necessary for the security of that place. L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Front Royal, June 6, 1862. (Received 3.15 p. in.) lion. E. M. STANTON: Major-General Frdmont, from Mount Jackson, has attempted to as- sume command of me at this place. I beg to report that I have not coml)lied with the order he has sent to me, wh Mm was to send troops to Strasburg, as it would place my forces out of the line in which I ex- l)ect them to operate. Before the receipt of his communication I had written to Major-General Banks at Winchester, in whose department both Major-General Fr6mont and myself are acting temporarily, calling his attention to that point for such action in the premises as he might see fit to take. General Fr6mont has with him my cavalry brigade, which, under the article of war providing for troops happening to join on the march, & c., he was right in ordering with him for the pursuit, and I was glad they were at hand for the work; but I am not willing, unless you so order it, that even that part of my command should be absorbed by Major-General Fr~mont. The river is commencing to subside, but no communication yet l)rac- ticable. The commanding officer is getting apprehensive of an attack from a large cavalry force reported to be assembling near Warrenton. I have ordered Kings division there. It marched this morning. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Page 348 348 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIv. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE HAPPAHANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 6, 1862. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, Commanding Division: SIR: The general commanding the department desires a report of the number of sick in your division as soon as it can be sent in. He wishes also that you would send in the weekly morning report as early as practicable, in order that he may keep himself informed of the condi- tion of your command as regards the sick and men for duty. No report for last week has been received. He also desires that the monthly returns for April and May be sent in as soon as practicable. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, SAML. BIRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE HAPPAIJANNOCK, Front Royal, Va., June 6, 1862. Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. ORD, Commanding Division: SIR: The general commanding the department desires a report of the number sick in your division as soon as it can be sent in. He wishes also that you would send in the weekly morning report as early as practicable, in order that lie may keep himself informed of the condi- tion of your command as regards the sick and men for duty. No report for the last week has been received. He also desires that the monthly returns for May be sent in as soon as practicable. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, SAML. BRECK, Assistant Adjutant- General. HEADQUARTERS DETACHED BRIGADE, Near Rectortown, Va., June 6, 1862. ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL, Major- General McDowells Div., Dept. of the Rappahannock: SIR: The orders of Major-General McDowell for my command to re- sume its recently occupied position on the Manassas Gap iRailroa(l was received on the afternoon of June 3, and I immediately withdrew my troops from Ashbys, Snickers, and the other gaps, and have the honor to report that the railroad is guarded from the Shenandoah itiver to Man assas. My troops are distributed in the following manner, the posting of the guards diverging along the road from the stations named : * Disposition of comma.nd.The cavalry force will be kept constantly scouting south of the lines through their entire length. The western section of the road is under the direct superintendence of Maj. H. Tyn- dale, and the eastern nnder that of Lient. Col. G. De Korponay. The instructions of Major-General McDowell through Colonel Haupt will be carried out. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JNO. W. GEARY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. Incomplete Page 349 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION. 349 COLUMBIA BRIDGE, June 6, 186211 a. m. Brigadier-General CARROLL, Commanding Advance, Conrads Store: I have received your very instructive communication, and kept the orderly until this morning. We are at work building a bridge. The progress is satisfactory. I have ordered the rest of your brigade to join you. Can you prepare for a spring on Waynesborough to burn the bridge, depot, cars, and tear up the railroad? Will this be practicable? I fear the enemy will escape if it is not done. I will send you all the cavalry I have if you can do it, but they are very few. I will send Cap- tain Keogh to lead them. If you can cut the road at Waynesborough it will be a splendid exploit, and end Jackson, if we can thunder on his rear and you can take a good position to assail his flank. This, I think, you can safely do by keeping the river between you and them and getting into one of the angles you will see on the river above Long Meadow Creek. There is a bridge across the Middle River on the turn- pike. That would destroy him. Let me know your opinion. We will soon send infantry across the river and cavalry too, to reconnoiter and cut their telegraph. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Division. FRONT ROYAL, June 6, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: After you left this place I addressed the following note to General Ord: The major-general commanding has just left for Washington. Before going he directed me to inform you that he would he absent hut a short time, during which you are not to give any insrructions to his staff save to the chiefs of the supplying departments, and to them only when absolutely necessary. To which he immediately replied as follows: Col. E. ScHRIvER, - Chief of Staff, Department of the Rappahannoek: SIR: In regard to any orders which Major-General McDowell may have given through you conflicting with the 62d article of war, you are informed that I am the highest in rank here on duty, and I take the responsibility of rescinding any such order. While I am the senior you will obey my orders. You will please refer all mat- ters relating to the command which, during this interregnum, may be addressed to you to me. Direct Major Breck, assistant adjutant-general, to do the same, and as to the chiefs of staff department, I will attend to them. Respectfully, yours, E. 0. C. ORD, Major-General, Commanding pro tempore. I suppose Major-General Ord will hardly desire the communications of Major-General Shields to be referred to him. Would it not be well to set him right at once, to prevent finding things confused when you return? Respectfully, ED. SCIIRIVER, Colonel, ~e Page 350 350 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CRAP. XXIV. WASHINGTON, June 6, 1862. Brigadier-General KELLEY, Gumberland, na Wheeling Your telegram has been received, and I am glad the western part of the road has so well escaped. Please report immediately what force you have to guar(l the road, and what additional force itt your judg- ment is required to protect the road and for the safety of yonr com- mand; also whether you could raise any reliable troops in your district if authorized to do so. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. CUMBEELAND, June 6, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have only two regiments guarding the railroad between the Ohio River and the ntouth of South Branch oC the Potomacthe Sixth Vir- ginia and the Second Maryland. There is an immense amount of public ~roperty at New Creek Station, to protect which 1 have been compelled to coucentrate most of the Maryland regiment at that point. The force that was holding the pass at Huttonsville, iu Iiandolph County, has been withdrawn, by order of General Fr6mont. His movement leaves the Tygart Valley region entirely open and expose(l to the raids of the enemy through the mountain pass, and consequently endangers the railroad passing through the counties of Harrison, Taylor, Preston, and Marion, as well as the l)ublic stores at Grafton and Clarksburg. Hut- tonsville, held by a sufficient force, would give protection, I)eace, and quietness to the loyaJ citizens of Ilandolph, Tucker, Upshur, 13arbour, and adjoining counties, and enable me to protect fully the railroad and public property with my present force. In my judgment, two regiments and a good battery should be ordered to occupy and hold Huttonsville at once. I think another good regiment can be recruited in my (listrict within a reasonable time if authorized. II have a train of cars loaded with rations, ready to leave for Martinsburg the moment I get notice that Big Cacapon Bridge is repaired and ready to cross. B. F.. KELLEY, Brigadier- General. HEADQUARTERS, Winchester, June 6, [1862]lO I~ in. Major-General Sm-EL, Taylors Hotel: GENERAL: Information I have receive(l froni different sources to- night assures me that our difficulties in regard to sul)I)hies will SOOII be at an end. Our trains and troops will be able to cross the river at Williamsport to-morrow. The railway x~ill be in operation east and west to Martinsburg by Monday. A steam-tug has probably been j)laced at Harpers Ferry to-night to supply the place of the bridge at Harpers Ferry, which has been swept away with exception only of the last span. Front this information I feel assured that we shall soon be in condition to move Page 351 CHAP. XXIV.I CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNLON. 351 General Crawfords brigade will arrive tomorrow. I received a dis- patch from an officer of General Frdtnonts staff. which informs that a vigorous running fight has been kept up since Simday, in which many of the enemy have been captured and killed, but nO impression made on Jacksons main body, which moves very rapidly and is well in ad- vance. Fr~mont at this time yesterday morning was at Mount Jackson. There is no news from Richmond. I am, general, with much respect, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS, Major- General. WASHING-TON, June 7, 1862. Col. E. SCHEIVER, Chief of Staff Have the department headquarters and Duffies battalion move to- 1L~orrow to Manassas. You will find the headquarters baggage wagons iiear Thoroughfare Gal). Order Hartsnffs and l)uryeas brigades to be prepared to iiiarch via Chester Gal) ll~0I1 Warrenton. The other brigade to follow as soon as re]ieved. A (Inc proportion of artillery and cavalry to go with the brigade. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. DrvisIoN HEADQUARTERS, Col. E. SCHR-IVER, Warrenton, Va., June 7, 1862. Chief of St~ft~ Ildqrs. Department of the Rappahannock: SIR: Shortly before midnight on the 5th instant I received from Manassas your (lispatch dated Front Royal, 3 p. in., (lirecting me to move my division to Warrenton early the Ilext morning, ail(l mention- ing a report that 1,500 of the enem~s cavalry had been seeii at that place the day previous. In obedience to this order my division was put in march at 8 a. m. On the 6th instant en route for Warreuton. As we were obliged to leave a large amount of commissary and quartermasters stores at Gainesville, I thought it advisable to detail a reglinent of infantry to guard these stores and the railroad in the vicinity of the station. The Twenty-first New York was selected for this purpose. Our march to Warrenton was withoutincidents. The day was favor- able, the road (turnpike) in excellent order, and the column kept well closed up. The head of the column reached Warrenton at 3 p. in., and the whole division was comfortably encampe(l in the vicinity of the town before dark. We found no troops at Warrenton, nor could we learn that any had been there or within some miles of the town, for several weeks, except- ing small parties of mounted men bunting up and carrying off negroes South. The town itself is perfectly quiet, and the population civil in i cii (lemeanor towar(l our men. I shall si)~1Ie no l)aiIls to enforce rigid discipline in amy comnumand, an( Page 352 352 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. CHAP. XXIV. to prevent all marauding, excess, or irregularity. Thus far I have not heard a word of complaint. I shall dispatch scouting parties this morning along the several roads leading from the town toward Strasburg, Gordons ville, and the Rap- pahannock, and endeavor to ascertain whether the enemy are in any force on this side of that river. According to the latest reports received from contrabands, there are no troops of any account nearer to us than Culpeper, and not many there. The country in the vicinity is highly favorable for the purpose of an encampment. The climate is proverbially healthy; wood and water con- venient and plenty, and the communication with the depot at Gaines- ville easy and secure. The several calls made upon the cavalry regiment in my division for detached duty have reduced it five companies. This force is inadequate to the services required of it. I therefore respectfully request that the battalion under Major Duffie, now at department headquarters, unless imperatively needed there, may be directed to rejoin the regiment. Awaiting any orders or information that you may have to transmit, I am, colonel, your obedient servant, RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. FBONT ROYAL, Saturday, June 7, 1862. SECRETARY OF WAR: When General McDowell left here for Washington he sent me the order following: * * * * * * * * As the command of the staff is necessary to the efficient counuand of the troops, I have, under the 62d article of war, assumed command of the whole, and now ask if the President, under that article of war, directs otherwise. E. 0. C. ORD, Major- General, Comrn~nding at Front Royal. COLUMBIA BRIDGE, VA., June 7, 18622 a. m. Brigadier-General CARROLL, Commanding Fourth Brigade, Conrads Store: Such is my anxiety that 1 rise from my bed to write to you. Captain Keiley, who will hand you this, has just returned from New Market. The enemy passed New Market on the 5th; Blenkers division on the 6th in pursuit. The enemy has flung away everything; knapsacks and their stragglers fill the mountain. They only need a movement on the flank to panic-strike them, and break them into fragments. No man has had such a chance since the war commenced. Few men ever had such a chance. You are within 30 miles of a broken, retreating enemy, who still hangs together. Ten thousand Germans are on his rear, who hang on like bull-dogs. You have only to throw yourself down on Waynesborough before him and your cavalry will capture them by * Seo Seliriver to McDowell, June 6, p. 349 Page 353 CHAP. XXIY.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 353 the thousands, seize his train, and abundant supplies; and yet there is a strange want of enthusiasm in the command. rihe enemy is in retreat right before you. The men who fbllow him have no trainlive by the way. This command can throw itself upon its flank, and yet I am pes- tered about shoes and stockings and clothing by officers like Colonel Gavin. Why, if the clothing was here, there is no time to get it. Take 5 ,0U() of the enemy prisoners; then there will be time to clothe you. Some of the officers are discouraging their men instead of putting heart into them. Officers who do so at this time are not worthy of their 1)1 dCC5. The Germans are not half as well oft as you are, but they hang on the enemy without respite. This enemy insulted the capital of your country; he is in retreat; you are within a day and a half of him and you hesitate. I dont mean you personally, but some of your officers and men. This would be a disgrace. Can this be my boasted Shields division ~ If an officer hesitates, send him back. Go on with the men. An order from General McDowell directs that wagons contain noth- ing but ammunition, subsistence, forage, cooking utensils, sh~lter-tents, one blanket, and one India rr~bber each. Everything else is to be sent back to Luray to be put in depotall baggage of officers and men, knapsacks, tents, & c. A rigid inspection is ordered. Colonel Shriber is at work. The wagons that carry back the baggage to Luray will go omi to Front Royal for supplies. Act upon this at once. Let Colonel Gavin know that the order is issued; any officer or man who takes baggage along will never take it back. I will enforce the order rigidly. General McDowell writes me that Jackson marches 30 miles a day, and, as he says, we can never catch a swift-footed enemy with such a train filled with trumpery. Mind this, and let your officers act upon it at once. Supplies have arrived for seven dayscoffee, salt, hard bread, & c.; also shoes, but there is no time. Daums artillery will start at 5 this morning; Tylers brigade at 6. The cavalry will push on at once. I will start the whole and go myself as soon as I communicate with Gen- eral McDowell. Tyler is directed not to take counnand of your brigade. I command you both. You ought to l)ush on with Gavins regim cut cavalry and two guns, and be at Port Republic to-night; to-morrow at Waynesborough. Captain Keiley will join you. He is an able officer. He is deputed by me, and will be treated as such. I~lease confer with him on all occasions. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding Division. WASHINGTON, June 7, 1862. Brigadier-General KELLEY, Cumberland: I have ordered to-day one regiment from Camp Chase, in Ohio, to Cumberland, and will order another next week. They are designed to be employed in guarding the railroad. You are authorized to raise a regiment in your district by recruits, if it can be done in thirty days, an(L be ready to be mustered into the service in that time. EDWIN M. STANTON, KSecretary of War. 23 R RYOL Xli, PT II Page 354 354 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV~ WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFicE, Washington, June 8, 1862. Maj. Gen. I. MCDOWELL, U. S. Volunteers, Fredericksburg, Va.: SIR: I inclose herewith, for your information, a manuscript copy of General Orders, No. 62.* Instructions have been sent to Major-General Fr~inont to order the cavalry force known as Bayards Cavalry Brigade, with the artillery and battalion of Bucktail Rifles, to re~join your command at Fredericksburg. The Secretary of War directs that, having first provided adequately for the defense of the city of Washington and for holding the position at Fredericksburg, you operate with the residue of your force as speedily as possible in the direction of Richmond, to co-operate with Major-Gen- eral McClellan, in accordance with the instructions heretofore given you. McCalls division, which has been by previous order directed toward Richmond by water, will still form a part of the Army of the Rappa- hannock, and will come under your orders when you are in a position to co-operate with General McClellan. General Fr6mont is instructed to take post with his main force near Harrisonburg, to guard against operations of the enemy down the val. ley of the Shenandoah, and General Banks to take position in force at or near Front Royal, on the right or left bank of the Shenandoah, with an advance at Luray or other points in supporting distance of General Fr~mont, and also to occupy the former positions of General Geary, on the line of the Manassas Gap Railroad, as far as the Manassas Junction. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER: Send off the staff to Manassas, but remain yourself with such officers as you may think necessary to attend to matters at Front Royal, to come over hereafter by railroad. Send word to Major.General Shields that we shall go either to Rich- mond or Charlottesville via Culpeper, and to hold himself in readiness to march to Warrenton, and to send to you a memorandum of what his command requires to make it efficient, that I may make provision for it. Have all the ammunition for Shields division now at Front Royal either sent to him at once, if there is an opportanity, or brought back to Manassas, to intercept him either at Catlett~s or Fredericksburg. Have Christians regiment and the section of artillery brought over to this side of the river as soon as possible. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: The Secretary of War does not consider that General Duryeas bri- gade is sufficient guard for the position of Front Royal. Order there- * See Thomas to Banks, June ~, Part I, p. 541 Page 355 CRAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 355 fore, in addition, Hartsuffs brigade, to remain, with a company of cav- alry, until General Banks occupies the place. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Col. E. SCITRIVER: How is the river at Front iRoyal? Can Colonel Christians regiment be brought to this side? Has anything been received from General Shields? How are the troops off for supplies. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Colonel SCHRIYER: General McDowell desires you to make preparations to have the pris- oners of war and sick sent to Washington as soon as possible. J. D~ W. CUTIING, Captain and Aide-dc- Camp. Colonel SCHRIVEIT, Chief of Staff: WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Instead of Hartsuffs and Dnryea~s brigades, order Hartsuffs and Ricketts brigades to be prepared to march to Warrenton; the artillery, except the section now with Colonel Christians regiment, and the cav- alry, except a sqnadron, to go with the two brigades. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. Col. E. SCHUIVER, Chief of Staff: WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Send immediately Major-General Shields, and direct him to call in his division and march via Warrenton to Fredericksburg, to resume our former operations. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major. General, Commanding Department. WASHINGTON J Colonel SCHBIVER, Chief of Staff: une 8, 1862. If the two brigades of Ricketts and Hartsuff can get three days rations cooked they may be sent to Catletts by rail. Colonel Haupt says he has power enough. Let the artillery, cavalry, and train, and~a small infantry guard then go to Catletts by the best road. Place Ricketts in command of the division. Major-General Ord is relieved therefrom and sent to Major-General H~leck. Duryea~s brigade is to follow as soon as General Banks sends troops to relieve it, which he is ordered to do immediately. Bayard is ordered to join. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General Page 356 356 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. WASHINGTON, Jane 8, [1862.] Col. E. SOHRIVER, Chief of & aff: Inquire of General iRicketts how many horses he needs in his batteries and cavalry. Find out, if you can, how many are needed in the Rhode Island cavalry. Ask if Lieutenant Fessenden, Maine artillery, was in that part of the battery which went with Bayard or with the section which was with Christian. The plan of our operations is not abandoned, but only delayed till Banks is in position. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staft: Send to General Shields the following: That it being the intention of the President that the troops of the Rappahannock be employed else- where, General Shields will cease all further pursuit, and bring back all his division to Luray and get it ready for the march to Fredericks- burg. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. FRONT ROYAL, June 8, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I have just received your telegram directing Shields to move to Fredericksburg via Warrenton, and I have sent two orderlies to him with the orders and information that his ammunition has been ordered via railroad. The orderlies will bring back a memorandum of his wants. The telegram about change of brigades to march to Warrenton has beeii communicated to General Ricketts, who will get off to-morrow, it being necessary for him to call in some detachments and cook rations. He will take some ammunition, which is here in store for him, with him. Besides, he has not yet got over the cavalry and baggage wagons which ~x er~ with Christians regiment, it being slow work. The prisoners and sick will be sent forward. The Rhode Islaiid cavalry has been ordered to Manassas. General King telegraphs as follows: WARRENTON JUNCTION, 8th. I sent as far as White Sulphur Springs, 7 miles on the Ilappahannock. No enemy could be seen or heard of, nor were pickets visible beyond the Rappahanuock. Our men met at the Springs a discharged Confederate soldier, who left Richmond Wednes- day and passed through Gordonsville Friday. He reports the Confederate troops as much disheartened. Does not know where Jackson is, and says there are no troops of any consequence between Gordonsyille and Warrenton. Captain Buell reports he has patrolled the road between Catletts and the Rappahannock and can hear of no enemy. ED. SCHRLVER, Colonel, & c. FRONT ROYAL, June 8, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Washington, D. C.: I have just returned from a point 6 miles on the way to Manassas with staff; where your telegrams reached me. I shall carry out you Page 357 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 357 orders at once. General iRicketts informed me this morning that the artillery with Christians regiment was bronght over yesterday and the regiment was to come over to-day. Nothing has beeim received from General Shields. There are plenty of rations here for the troops, but there was no forage this morning even for the staff horses. Some is expected. When the staff left, Major Houston, Captain Barstow, and Dr. Magruder staid behind. I shall see them at once and get their assistance, as I did not bring back any of the staff. The roads are fear- ful. There was a heavy rain here last night. I shall telegraph you again. ED. SCUPUVEIR, Colonel and Chief of Staff. FRONT ROYAL, June 8, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, l2uray: GENERAL: I have just received a telegram from General McDowell, in which is the following: Send word to General Shields that we shall ~o either to Richmond or Charlottes- ville via Culpeper, and to hold himself in readiness to march to Warrenton, and to send to you a memorandum of what his command reqnire(l to make it efficient, that I may make provision for it. Have all the ammunition for Shields division now at Front Royal either sent to him at once, if there is an opportunity, or brought back to Manassas, to intercept him either at Catletts or Fredericksburg. Please send memorandum of your wants by return messengers. 2 r. ~i. I have just received telegram from General McDowell: Send immediately to Major-General Shields, and direct him to call in his division and march, via Warrenton, to Fredericksburg, to resume our former operations. I shall send your ammunition from here to ~ where you can get it. ED. SCIIRJVER, Chief of Staff and Colonel. FRONT ROYAL, VA., June 8, 1862. General SHIELDS, Luray: To-day, at 4 oclock p. in., I sent you a communication made by order of General iXieDowell, who is in Washington. I send a duplicate of it by the orderly who brought your.communication of this date. In pass- ing, I will remark that the papers referred to therein as marked A and B did not accompany it. I telegraphed a synopsis of it to the general in Washington, but he will not get it in time to answer your call for the two brigades on the Luray road to support you, they being under orders now for Warrenton like yourself. As soon as j)ossible 1 will lay before him the communication itself. I fear, however, that the delay occasioned by the floods has enabled Jackson to escape all our efforts. Your quartermaster, Johnson, it is reported to me, is at Piedmont, whither I have directed a telegram to be sent respecting those for your divisio:. Hard bread is here, and your wagons have only to call for it. 1 do not find your commissary on the spot to see to the urging forward of it and other supplies Page 358 358 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. The department headquarters are at Manassas, and I expect to go there in a day or two. ED. SCURIVER, Chief of & aff. FRONT ROYAL, June 8, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Washington, D. C.: Your telegram ordering departme:it headquarters and Duffies battal- ion to Manassas and ~ and Durycas brigades to Warrenton was received in the night and is being executed. Do you desire any Iart destiiied for Manassas to go by rail ~ Is great promptness de. inanded ~ I ask this question because I cannot guess why the head- qua~rters are ordered to Manassas, away from the mass of troops to be assembled at Warrenton. ED. SOIIRIVER, Golonel and Chkf of ~S~taff. WASHINGTON CITY [June 8, 1862]. Colonel SOHRIVER, Chief of & aff, Front Royal: The headquarters are sent to Manassas because they may either have to go to Fredericksburg or to Catletts. No great dispatch is required. Kings division is ordered to Catletts. We are waiting for some information from General McClellan before our destination is fixed. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HEADQUARTERS SHIELDS DIVISION, June 8, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, C. of ~., Hdqrs. Army of the Rappahannoek, Front Royal, Va: I have the honor to state that your dispatch of the 5th instant has been received. Its contents are very satisfactory. I concur fully in the suggestions of the major-general commanding in relation to the re- modeling of the department. I beg you will inform the general com- manding that I have rigidly enforced .his orders in relation to baggage, & c. My command marches with nothing now but arms, ammunition, subsistence, cooking utensils, blankets, and shelter-tents. We found, as I have already had the honor to communicate, all the bridges on the Shenandoah between us and the enemy burned. The incessant rains made every little mountain stream a torrent, and these torrents swelled the South Fork of the Shenandoah to such height that the possibility of vrossing in any way or by any mode was out of the question. I con- n-ived to push the head of my command as far as Conrads Store, ol)posite to Harrisonburg, before this mud road became utterly impass- able. Farther no human effort could go. The wheels sunk in the mud to the axle, and the mountain torrents cut between portions of my coin- mand an(l sel)arated them. In this l)ositiOn we commenced buildin Page 359 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 359 bridges, and soon connected them. Hearing of the failure of the Ma- nassas Railroad, I feared want of supplies, so I put two flour-mills in operation at Luray; collected millers from my command, and Major 1\lunn, the provost-marshal at Luray, runs them night and day and fur- nishes us ample flour to live, but our means of baking are so indifferent that we cannot march without hard bread. There arc two other mills near Columbia Bridge which will go into operation as soon as the water falls. We also. in the in can time, constructed a ferry across the Shen- andoah at the Columbia Bridge capable of trans~)orting infantry, cav- alry, and artillery, and have opened communication with General Fr6- in out. Oii the evening of the 6th instant I sent a party of cavalry and in- fantry through the Gap to New Market. They found that the enemy had passed the (lay before and that Fr6mont had just passed. One was sent to his headquarters, and one of his aides-dc-camp came to my quarters last night with the comuinnication marked A.* He lets me know that on the 6th Jackson was about 9 miles above llarrisonburg, on the way to Staunton, and finding great difficulty in getting along. His men are deserting in hundreds; he crosses and burns the bridges after him. Ashby has infernal aWvity au(l ingenuity in this way. Jacksons men appear to be suffering for provisions, he says. The pri5- oiiers we take say they have been on half rations. Their supply of am- munition seems by their cautious mode of firing to be nearly exhausted. He is doubtless pushing toward Staunton, and perhaps turning a part of his train toward Port Republic to escape by Waynesborough or St.anardsville. The head of Jacksons retreating column may be at Staunton this morning; the head of my column, as you will see by Document B,* is in Port Republic. Port Republic is 18 miles from Waynesborough, where I am trying to get. it I get there first, and I think I will, the bridge will be burned and the railroad cut up. This will arrest him and get him between Fr6monts command an(L ours. If his train at- tempts to go to Stanardsville we will have it, or if to Waynesborough we will have it. I think the head of our column will be in Waynes- borough to-night. I am sending information to General Frdmont of my exact position, so we may co-operate. I think we have Jackson, but I beg you will let the commanding general know that we have to guard our flanks, and this weakens us. Longstreet was between Thorntons Gap and Gordonsville with, say, 8,000 men. This is what brought inc back here last night. Our recon- naissances, however, which are still going on, report him as having fallen back. Then there is time turnpike from Harrisonburg to Orange Court- House and thence to Gordonsville, still more dangerous. I have only been able to push forward two brigades against Jackson while Longstreet was in Thorntons Gal), but to-day I am preparing to push forward a third, to hold the road to Stanardsvill for the pres~mt. I repeat, my advance will be in Waynesborough to-night, and this I think will head Jacksomm, but you will see how extended my hue is and what a length of flank I have to defend. I wish you would request the commnaliding general to push forward two brigades to aid inc as speedily as possible, one betweemm this and Columbia Bridge, where my Second Brigade is now, to be ready to move either to Luray or Conrads Store, the other to Luray. This will make everything sure. There is flour here to supply them. I will * Not fouu4 Page 360 360 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. move my whole command now, relying upon this support. I will need i~iy whole coiiiinaud at Stauardsville (~vhere they say Longstreet has gone), I~ort Republic, and Waynesborough. The officer who is here from General Fr~mont says they estimate Jacksons force at 23,000 men. This, I think, is far overrating them, but they must not be despised, an(1 I want my force within supporting distance to act against them. I hope the major-general commanding will be satisfied with my course. I venture to keep a few of the Rhode Island cavalry, that I have had shod and put in some condition, until this is over, but if they are re- quired at Front Royal I will send them back at once. We stand in need of salt meat, bard bread, coffee, and sugar. One-third of my command are without shoes, and 8ans culotte in a literal sense of the word; but we will soon have time to refit. If shoes are in Front Royal, as I hope our quartermaster, Johnson, has some, I want them forwarded to Luray and Conrads Store. The baggage of all kinds is put in depot here, and the emj)ty wagons are sent back for bread and salt. There is one matter I deem it my duty to request you to bring to the notice of the commanding general. in the dispatch to the depart- ment announcing the entrance into Front Royal any mention of my (hivision is omitted. The brigade that entered is not named, whereas the Rhode Island cavalry, temporarily attached to this command, is put forward in attractive I)Eomillence. Our division is alive to this, be- cause always treated thus in the other department until we got dis- gusted, and I have constantly assured this command that with Major- General McDowell we would be with a soldier who would do us justice. Since they caught sight of the report about Front Royal I regret te say that a feeling is commencing that may lead to the same result. I know it is not possible to give satisfaction to soldiers in our reports, but the utter suppression of even an allusion to the brigade or division that operated, while tile names of others were (hilate(l upon, was some- thing not expected, and creates (hisah)pointment. For my own part, in my humble way I try to do justice to every por- tion of my command. When any regiment or company l)erformns a serv- ice I mention it. This kind of military justice I deem (me to them, and 1 know the major-general commanding is too generous and just, as well as too experienced a soldier to doah Department. , act upon the principle of the Shenan- I will act upon the assumption that the general commanding will send down two brigades, one to Luray, one to near Columbia Bridge, immediately. Beg him to save the hard bread for ns, as there is an abundance of flour here, and a force in position can use it. Three scouts have reached inc this moment from General Fr~mont. They left him at flarrisonburg at 4 p. in. yesterday. T hey were dressed like rebels, and my pickets detained them last night. They report th~ following: General Fr6mont is at llarrisonburg; ~acksons rear guard 4 miles on the road to Staunton. The bridge across tIme North River, On the turn- pike, has been burned by some of my cavalry. This has stol)pe(l their march on Staunton, a~iid turned them on the road to l~ort Republic to escape by Waynesborough. Tke advance of my column near Port Re- public report that the enemys train is on the other 5i(le of the rivem- waiting for the water to fall. I have let General Fr6mont know this, and sent orderlies to keep me informed. Thus you will see lie is caught, if these suppositions and dispositions are all right. I hold in my hand an order issued yesterday by B. II. Greene, commmmissarv of subsistenc Page 361 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 361 and major in Ewells division at Stanardsville, directing privates to jress horses and picket the mountains while they are removing Gov- ernment stores. This proves that they are in flight from Stanardsville, either to Charlottesville, by way of G-ordonsville, or Waynesborough. I could almost curse such rubbish cavalry. One good regiment now would cut them up on all sides. My cavalry is an iucunmbramice. I have to take care of them instead of them taking care of me; bnt as I need orderlies and scouts, I must use them. I keep Captain Whipple and a hundred Rhode Island cavalry which I have shod to watch at Luray. These are the only ones here, and I hope the commanding general will sanction this. I go forward myself to-day with the two additional bri- gades, leaving Luray to be garrisoned by my shoeless men and ineffi- cient until a force can join them from Front Royal. Please let the gen- eral know the position at once; he will see the necessity for sending on a few regiments as fast as they can be forwarded. I will keep him con- stantly advised of our operations. I think we will finish Jackson.* Sincerely, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Division. HDQRs. FIRST Div., ARMY OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Jmuie 8 1869 Colonel SCHRIYER, Chief of Staff: Another brigade has left for above, making all now thrown forwani three brigades. One remains here until one of the brigades now at Front Royal is within reach. Major Mnnn, commandant, informs me that he has stopped the mills, there being too much flour. Pray urge upon the general commanding to send one brigade at least to Luray at once, to relieve the one now here. Two brigades can be supplied with flour here without making any demand on railroad. The moment General Ferry is informed of their approach he has orders to go for- ward. I go myself immediately. Major Mnnn is commandant here. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding First Division, Army of the Rapjpahannock-. WASHINGTON, June 8, 1862. Brigadier-General KING: Continue the march of your division to Fredericksburg, using such dispatch as is compatible with the efficiency of your command upon its arrival at that place. IRVIN McDOWELL, MajorL General, Commanding. HARPERS FERRY June 8 186~ Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have the honor to transmit the following resolution of a meeting of the officers of the Tenth Maine: That the regiment is now, as it always has been, ready to obey any orders, either * Synopsis of this dispatch telegraphed by Schriver to McDowell 4.80 p. m. June 8 Page 362 362 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. to advance or to remain in the Railway Brigade, as the War Department may deter- mine best for the interest of the Government. GEO. L. BEAL, Colonel Tenth Maine. This resolution was the result of a compromise between those who desired to remain in this brigade and those who wanted to go into the field. There was a majority of two to one to remain. The Tenth Maine is now at Martinsburg, where it, or a force equal to it, should be sta- tioned immediately. D. S. MILES Colonel ASecond Infantry, Commanding Railroad Brigade. HARPERS FERRY, June 8, 18628 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I would respectfully suggest that if the four companies of the Sixtieth New York now on the railroad from Baltimore to Annapolis Junction, and the four companies of the First District Regiment on the railroad from Annapolis Junction to Washington, were relieved by one or two regiments and sent to me as the garrison of this place, I could send forward to General Sigels division about 800 men belonging to regi- ments of his command, adding to their discipline and efficiency. D. 5. MILES, Colonel Second Infantry. Abstract from Return of Sigels division, Department of the Shenandoah, for June 8, 1862. Present for ~ dnty. ~ a-b a -a u p,~ ~ Command. I u ~ b~ ~L0 0 a oO 0 . o a a u u 0 ~ ~ 1st (Coopers) Brigade, Xernstown 109 3, 323 1, 599 4,505 8 2d (Sloughs) Brigade, Winchester 144 2, 482 2, 689 3, 598 3 Total . 313 5, 805 6, 288 8,103 9 I ~ REMARKSAt Harpers Ferry there are stationed, nnder command of Colonel Miles, abont 2,000 men; the greatest part home guards and militia. Composition of Sigels Division, June 8, 1862. First Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES COOPER. 1st District of Columbia, Col. J. A. Tait. 3d Maryland, Col. D. P. De Witt. 102d New York, Lient. Col. W. Hayward. 109th Pennsylvania, Col. H. J. Stainrook. 111th Pennsylvania, Col. M. Schiandecker. 8th and 12th U. S. (battn), Capt. T. L. Pitcher. 1st New York Artillery, Battery L, Capt. John A. Reynolds. ~th New York Cavalry (four companies), Maj. G. H. Gardner. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. JOHN P. SLoUGH. 3d Delaware, CaL W. 0. Redden. Purnell Legion, Col. W. J. Leonard. 11th New York Militia, Col. J. Maidhoff. 60th New York, Col. W. B. Goodrich. 78th New York, Col. D. Uliman. 1st New York Artillery, Battery K, Capt. L. Crounse. 1st Maryland Cavalry (battalion), Maj. J. M. Deems Page 363 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 363 WASIIINGToN, ID. C June 9, 18621 a. m. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: De]ay all the movements of Ricketts division till you get an answer from Shields, to know what lie is going to do. Press for an immediate answer. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WASHINGTON, June 9, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: Say to General Shields that it is the order of the President that Major-General Fr6mont shall hold the valley in connection with Major- General Banks, and that the forces belonging to the Department of the IRappahannock be immediately marched on Richmond to co-operate with Major-General McClellan. It has been much desired by the Presi- dent, and no doubt is still, that Jackson should be made to pay for his late dash down the valley, and if there is a reasonable expectation of his being caught, no doubt the order for the advance on Richmond would be suspended. It is not clear from Shields report what is the position of his command at this time, except that he has only two of his brigades advanced, in which he has forgotten my instructions not to move his force so that the several parts should not always be in supl)orting distance of each other. It is inferred that the force he has at Port Republic is small, and that the party he is expecting to have at Waynesborough is only a bridge-bnrning force. If he is in hot pur- suit and about to fall on the enemy, and can do so with reasonable chamice of success and without relying on the troops at Front Royal, who are too far in the rear to suI)port him in his extended movement, I am not disposed to recall him; but if, as I infer, he has only detach- ments thrown ont to the froiit, lie should not place his command out of the ~)OSsibility of complying with the Presidents general plan of opera- tion, bnt should at once call in his l)arties and move upon Fredericks- burg, where he can be refitted for the in arch to Richmond. Let this go iu addition to your former reply and have the messenger start immediately for Lnray. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WASHINGTON, June 9, 18628.20 a. m. Brigadier-General KING, Comm ending Division, Catletts General Shields extreme advance getting beyond sPpporting dis- tance, and attacking a superior force of the enemy, has been repulsed with the loss of two pieces of artillery. As the generals command seems to have been a good deal di~-ide~l, lie may be obliged, if pushed, to fall back. Hold your division in readiness therefore to move on Luray or Front Royal, as thecase may be. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department Page 364 364 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. WASHINGTON, June 9, 186211.20 a. m. Col. B. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff, Front Royal: Two messages will be coming to Front Royal in cipher, one for Gen- eral Shields and one for General Frdmont. Have the operator make two copies of the one to Fr6mont, and send one copy, together with the message, to General Shields to Luray, with orders to send it to General Fr6mont immediately; send the other copy to General Frdmont by way of Strasburg. Let the messengers in each direction go with all reasonable expedi- tion, and send commissioned officers if you can. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. SEVEN MILES BELOW FREDERICKSBURG, June 9, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Your dispatch is received. I have to embark my division below the burnt hulks, at least 7 miles below the city. I have had to make wharves. The First Brigade (Reynolds) is on board and will drop down at once. The Second Brigade is on the ground and is embarking. The Third will embark to-morrow, as will the artillery, if I have trans- ports. The embarkation of the cavalry will depend on the arrival of transports. They have all been longer coming than they connted on. The first boats arrived before sunset yesterday. We worked all night, and are progressing as fast as possible. GEO. A. McCALL, Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. FRONT ROYAL, VA., June 9, 18629.30 a. m. Maj. Gen. JAMES SHIELDS, Commanding Division, Luray: GENERAL: I have just received instructions from General McDowell to order yon to get your division together and keep it in hand. The general says you should not have sent a part of your force so far ahead that it could have no support, his instructions oii this point hav- ing required you expressly not to do so. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, ED. SCHRIVER, Colonel and Chief of StatJ FRONT ROYAL, June 9, 1862. General SHIELDS: I have this moment received your dispatch respecting Carrolls affair. It would seem too late to do anything to sustain your movement from this quarter. El). SCIJEIVER, Colonel and Chief of Staf Page 365 CHAP. XXIY.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 365 OATLETTS, June 9, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Your dispatch is just received. My division is halted between Elk and Cedar Runs, awaiting orders. The effect of another retrograde movement will be disheartening to the men. Spare i~ the necessity if possible. RUFUS KJNQ Brigadier- General, Commanding Division. WASHINGTON, D. C., June 9, 1862. Brigadier-General KING, Commanding Di c is ion, Gatletts: I hope you will not have to retrograde. Both Shields and Fr~monts advance became engaged with the enemy and have been checked. The plan heretofore communicated is not abandoned, but only de. layed. Get yonr command in the best order. What do ~OU need in the way of artillery or cavalry horses ~ IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. FRONT ROYAL, June 9, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: I have just received the following communication: CAMP AT HARRISONBURG, June 7. I write for instructions. Am I to stay here? Am I to regard myself as belonging to General Fr6monts army? If not, what am Ito do? Colonel Wyndhain was ambuscaded yesterday. He was taken prisoner, the regi- mental colors lost, and 30 men, including Captains Shelmire, Clark, and Halues. Colonel Kane had a fight. with a regiment of infantry. He was wounded and taken prisoner; also Captains Taylor and Blanchard and Lieutenant Swayne wounded. He lost 25 men. The Bucktails fought splendidly. We have had the advance ever since we have been here, and have taken about 300 prisoners and released about 40 of General Banks men. We are utterly used up, except Lieutenant Halls Griffin guns and the Bucktails. GEO. D. BAYARD, Brigadier-General. I have prepared a letter, which I shall send to Bayard by first oppor- tunity, acquainting him that he is to join this department as soon as possible, and that both Generals Fr6mont and Shields have been re- quested to have it done. The following is just in from General Shields: HEADQUARTERS, Within eight miles of Conrads Store, June 9, 1862. Colonel SCHEIVER, Chief of Staff: Received from Colonel Schriver dispatch containing two telegrams, being order for return to Fredericksburg. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General Page 366 366 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. I shall answer your telegrams about horses for Ricketts division and the Rhode Island cavalry as soon as I learn from the officers com- manding. ED. SCIIRIYER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS GENERAL SIGELS DIVISION, Winchester, Va., June 9, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Please notify Major-General ilalleck, commanding Department of the Mississippi, that you ordered me to take charge of the forces at Har- pers Ferry, in the Department of the Shenandoah, to avoid any mis- understanding, and to order my assistant adjutant-general, Major Meysenberg, on here immediately. F. SIGEL, - Major- General, Commanding Divlswn. ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE, Washington, June 10, 1862. Major-General FRI~MONT, Harrisonburg: The Secretary of War directs that you immediately order the cavalry force known as Bayards Cavalry Brigade with the artillery and bat- talion of Bucktail Rifles, heretofore under 4eneral McDowell, but now operating with you, to rejoin General McDowells command, and to march to Luray and report to General Shields. L. THOMAS, Adjutant- General. WASHINGTON, June 10, 1862. Col. E. SOHRIVER Chief of staiA, Front Royal: Before leaving will you make inquiries about the horseshoes and horseshoe nails for General Shields command, and have them forwarded to him, if there are any at Front Royal Have all persons at Front Royal belonging to Shields command brought by rail to Manassas, thence to go to Catletts. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department. OATLETTS, June 10, 186% Major-General MCDOWELL: Gibbons brigade of infantry and one battery of artillery started for Fredericksburg at 6 oclock this morning. It has rained hard all day. Any news from Shields or Fr6mont? RUFUS KING, Brigadier-General, Commanding Division Page 367 Ciur. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 367 WASHINGTON, June 10, 1862. Col. E. SCHUIVER, Chief of Staff, Front Royal: You and Captain Barstow can join headquarters. Let me know when you leave. Order the Indiana cavalry to join General Shields at Luray, and the Yirgiiiia Cavalry, when relieved, to join General Geary. As soon as General Banks artillery and cavalry arrive at Front Royal order General Ricketts to send his artillery and cavalry by the nearest road to Catletts. Anything from General Shields? IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. WASHINGTON, June 10, 1862. Col. E. SCHEIVER, Chief of Staff: Let General Ricketts and Duryea7s brigades go immediately to Cat- letts by the cars now waiting at Front Royal. Let them take two days rations and their camp-kettles. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 10, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Commanding Division, Lu ray: For fear my former orders may not have reached you in their proper order, and to prevent misapprehension, I repeat that you are to remain at Luray till General Banks is ready to assume charge of the line, of which I will acquaint you. Get your division ready to march. Draw your supplies for the march to Catletts from Front Royal. All is going on well. Acknowledge this. IRVIN McDOWELL Major. General, Commanding Departnent. FRONT ROYAL, June 10, 1862. I. MCDOWELL, illajor- General: I send you the following communication from General Shields: Luu& y, June 10, 18625.30 p. m. Colonel SOLIRIVER, Chief of Staff: In obedience to orders I am now marching to Luray, and am about 12 miles from Columbia Bridge. I must remain at Luray until shoes are procured, about one-third of my command being barefoot and in an exhausted condition. We cannot reach Luray to-night, and must remain there two orthree days to recover. I wish you would hasten Quartermaster Johnson forward to Luray with shoes and other stores. I propose to go through Thorntons Gap, by Washington, to Warrenton, it being turnpike. We need at least six days subsistence and some forage to take my command from Luray to Catletts. I forward herewith a memorandum of our wants, and hope they will be supplied at Catletts Station. This division has been so overworked that it will tako soitie time to refit it for the field: 4,000 blankets, 9,200 caps, 12,000 shoes, 20,000 socks~ 12,000 pants, 10,000 blouses, 12,000 shirts, 12,000 drawers, 5,000 haversacks, 6,100 can- teens, 1,600 shelter-tents, 3,500 rubber blankets, 60 drums, 6 bugles, 300 pants (re-en- forced), 300 artillery jackets, 50,000 rounds caliber .71 (can use .69); 24,000, caliber .69; 6,000 caliber .58 Page 368 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. 368 [ChAP. XXIV. In an engagement with the enemy near Port Republic by my advance guard, which took place yesterday morning, our artillery was greatly damaged, aud some regiments suffered severely. The conffict was maintained for four hours by about 2,000 men against the main body of Jacksons command. The loss on both sides is very great, but the superior numbers of the enemy were so overwhelming that our advance was compelled to fall back, which it did in perfect order. The retreat was continued until joined by the residue of the command betwen Conrads Store and Port Republic, where the enemy at once abandoned the position and fell back. I will send a more detailed report of this engagement as soon as I have time. General Fr6mont and myself were projecting a combined attack upon the enemy this morning, which in all probability must have destroyed him, when peremptory orders reached me, which I did not feel at liberty to disobey. General Fr6mont is at Port Republic, on the other side of the river, and will throw a bridge across this morning. We expected to join forces and attack the enemy, but for the peremptory orders to return. The remark of the general commanding in reference to sending part of the command ahead without support from the residue would be applicable in my case were it not that my command was separated by the torrents that rushed upon us from the mount- ains, and that I was compelled, in order to subsist them, to keep the greater portion on Luray. I have been utterly unable to bring them together until yesterday. My greatest fault has been that I have not calculated upon the effect of sudden rain8 in this narrow valley. I repeat that I must have time to refit at Luray before I can go any farther; also to provide for my sick, who are there, and must be removed. Very, & c., JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. The above is a sorry picture of Shields division, but I do not think it overdrawn. This town is filled with so-called sick officers and men, who, it is said, will never be of use again. In any calculations you may take as to numbers do iiot rely on more than half what the returns call for. I do not think any of our army will be fit to take the field, unless Kings division, in less than a furtuight. Horses are used up as well as the men. The want of discipline and ignorance of the plainest duties are distressing. There is nothing but coufusion and disorder. The frequent changes contribute much to this state of things. 7.30 p. m.I have just received your telegram for General Shields. ED. SCHEIVER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, June 10, 18623.40 p. m. Major-General BANKS, Comdg. Dept. of the Shenandoah, Win chester (via Front Royal): As my movements depend on those of your forces, I beg leave to in- quire when will you be able to occupy Luray and take charge of the Front Royal and Luray line, that I may resume the operations with which I am charged a? Supplies can be had at Front Royal. Very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. CAMP OF THE SECOND VIRGINIA CAVALRY, Meadow Bluff, Va., June 10, 1862. Col. GEORGE CROOK, Commanding Third Brigade: SIR: I have th~ honor to transmit the following report: On the morning of the 9th instant, with 33 men of Company C and 20 men of Company F, Second Virginia Cavalry, I started for Lewis Page 369 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 369 burg, which place we reached about 1 oclock p. In., and found the town unoccupied by any force. I proceeded to the hospital, and found 12 wounded prisoners, 2 having recovered sufficiently to leave since our last vfsit, on the 1st instant. Two of those that remained have been previously l)aroled. Two others were in such a critical condition that I thought it nnnecessary to parole them, as they were then in a dying state. Those have died since our last visit. The remaining 81 procured their signatures to the parole, all being anxious to give it. All the wounded are suffering for proper surgical attendance. From the last~ information there is no enemy encamped within 8 miles of Lewisburg~ except a small guerrilla band, known as Whites Cavalry. From 3 to 10 of this band make daily visits to Lewisburg, remaining overnight, when they rejoin their companies, who have up to the 9th instant been en- camped about 1 mile over the Greenbrier River, near the former site of the Greenbrier Bridge. After remaining in town three hours we left for camp, which plac& we reached about 8 oclock p. in., meeting with no obstacle in going or- returning. I remain, your obedient servant, W. M. FORTESCUE, Second Lieutenant, Company F, Second Va. Cavalry. WASHINGTON, June 10, 1862. Major-General SIGEL, Winche8ter: General ilalleck has been notified of yonr present position, and directed to send your adjutant-general immediately to Winchester. Your dispatch by messenger has been receive(1, but I had not the good fortune to see the bearer. I will communicate with you on the snbject shortly. The defense of the Shenandoah Valley and the co-operation with Frdmont is regarded by the President as one of the most important duties now before the Government, and much reliance is placed upon your military genius and skill, so that I hope you will not deem your present duty inferior to any other. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WINCHESTER, VA., June 10, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Received your dispatch yesterday. The greater part of General Banks troops, including 2,000 cavalry, arrived here to-day and yester- day. I have sent my aide, Captain Lyon, to report to you the condi- tion of the troops under my command, and shall try my best to mak& them ready for an advance. Detailed reports, with returns and requi- sitions for the most necessary supplies, will be sent to-morrow. F. SIGEL, Major- General, Commanding~ 24 H UVOL XII, PT II Page 370 370 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXiV. IIDQRS. 1)EPARTMENT OF THE SHENANDOAH, Winchester, June 11, 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER, Chief of Stafi: SIR: The Commandino general desires me, in reply to the telegram of General McDowell, to say that the orders which he had from Wash- ington directs him to move his main force to the Shenandoah River at or opposite Front Royal. General Crawford is now near or on the Shenandoah ol)l)osite Front Royal, and the rest of General ~ division will arrive there by the last of the week. General Sigel states that his cornnIan(l will be in condition to move iii six days from this date. His requisitions are not yet fully answered. I have the honor to be, very resj)ecttiIlly, your obedient servant, R. MORRIS COI~ELAND, lJlajor and Assistant Adjutant- General. P. S.The original will go in the morning traiti. JAMES 13. RJCKETTS, Brigadier- General, Commanding Dirision. FRONT ROYAL, June 11, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Washington, D. C.: No horseshoes have been brought here for Shields division since our arrival at Front Royal. There are some, and some muleshoes in the burned railroad depot, which may answer the purpose if any of Shields staff could find time to gather them together. Qutartermaster Johnson, who is supposed to have mens shoes, was advised some days ago of Shields wants, butt he has not yet made his appearance from the rear that I have heard. The cars were ready for Duryeas brigade at 4 oclock p. m. yesterday, but all have not gone yet even at this hour, 8 oclock. Captain Barstow was just iu time to prevent the placing on the cars of some artillery, which Duryea fancied he had control of un- til I sent him word he had nothing to do with it, and if he had it was improper to send it by rail. I have directed Ricketts to follow with the remaining brigades of his divisioii as soon as relieved by trooPs from General Banks division, reminding him of the Secretary of Wars opinion that one brigade iu Front Royal was not sulficient. If this is not right, please counter- mand it. I go at 11 to-day to Manassas. I have just received from Brigadier-General Crawford, in cornmand of some of Banks forces on the other side of the river, notice of his ar- rival, with or(lers to relieve Major-General McDowell, in command of the town of Front Royal. I have informed him that the cominunica- tion was referred to General Ricketts, and told him that if he had two bri- gades, which the Secretary of War regarded as necessary to be l)resent in Front Royal, and would report the same to General Ricketts, who was under orders to leave, the War Department instructions could be carrie(l out immediately, which was much to be desired. If the ne- cessity for the presence of two brigades no longer exists General Rick- ctts should be notified, and he can go to Catletts at once. ED. SCIIRtVER, Colonel and Chief of Staf Page 371 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNTON. 371. FRONT ROYAL, June 11, 1862. Brigadier-General CRAWFORD, Comdg. United States Forces near bank of the Shenandoah: Sn~: Your communication of this date, addressed to the commanding officer at Front Royal, and inclosing a COPY of General Banks order directing you to move on Front Royal and relieve Major-General Mc- Dowell,in comniand of the town, has been handed to me, General Mc- iDowells chief of staff. In reply, I beg to acquaint you that your communication has been referred to Brigadier-General Ricketts, who now commands the divis- ion which occupies this town at present, Major-General McDowell being in command of the department and not of the town. I am in pos- session of information from the Secretary of War that he regards, or did so when the dispatch was written, two brigades in and about Front Royal necessary. General Ricketts is under orders to leave Front Royal as soon as relieved. If, therefore, you have two brigades, with artillery and cavalry, and will communicate the fact to General Rick- etts, the orders of the War Department may be carried out immediately, which is much to be desired. ED. SCIIRIVER, Chief of Staff. FRONT ROYAL, June 11, 1862. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Commanding Division: In a telegram yesterday from General McDowell it is directed that ~s soon as General Banks cavalry and artillery arrive at Front Royal General IRicketts is to send his cavalry and artillery by the nearest road to Catletts. Nothing is said about the movement of infantry, and therefore the existing orders are to govern. My understanding is that your two other brigades (Duryeas having gone) are to leave for Catletts in the cars as soon as the troops from Banks command shall arrive here to relieve them, the presence of two brigades in Front Royal being understood necessary by the Secretary of War. I go to Manassas at 11 a. m. to-day, and now renew my request that ~ou keep a guard at Mr. Cooks house for his protection. Also that the officers who will be in charge after you leave be made acquainted with the wish, which I know is General McDowells. The general also directs that all persons at Front Royal belonging to Shields divisionstragglers and foot-weary menbe brought to Ma- nassas by rail and thence to Catletts. These men will be found by the provost-marshal, and he ought to have instructions about the gen- erals directions, which I will ask you to communicate. I inclose a communication just received from General Crawford and COl)y of my reply, which concern your movements. ED. SULIRIVER, Chief of Staff. COLUMBIA BRIDGE, June 11, 18629 a. m. Colonel SCHEIVER, Chief of Staff: COLONEL: N\c are now passing from this place to Luray. There I must take a few days to rest for the march to Catletts. At Catletts Page 372 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXIV. 372 hope to be within reach of ample supplies. What I want at Luray is shoes and stockings. I find that about half of my command is bare- foot and foot-sore. Hard bread and salt is indispensable to take ns to Catletts. Our men fought like devils. The enemy suffered terribly. The odds were overwhelming. The officer, Colonel Carroll, neglected to burn the bridge at Port Republic. His report to me that the bridge was burned fix-c weeks ago deceived inc. He held it three-quarters of an hour, and wanted the good sense to burn it. They took up an in- defensible position afterward instead of falling back to a defensible one. But notwithstanding these blunders the men behaved nobly; lelt the ground in perfrct order; brought off everything but the guns, which had to be abandoned, the horses being killed. Eight pieces they re- port abandoned. I had concerted a combined attack with General Fr6mont next day, which must have proved successful. The positive and peremptory orders compelled me to come on. Please let General McDowell know that my artillery needs refitting, and to let me have the Napoleon guns if possible. I will have a perfect memorandum of our wants fbrwarded you from Luray as soon as I have time to halt. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding Division. WinCHEsTER, VA., June 11, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: A reliable man who left llarrisonburg on Monday, the 9th, reports that our troops advanced on Monday evening beyond the battle-field, following Jackson on his retreat, and that it was said General Shields had attacked Jackson. The bearer of these reports says that he him- self heard the firing of cannon on Monday morning at 10 oclock. I examined the man myself. He belongs to Blenkers division. F. SIGEL, Major- General. LuRAY, June 12, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: Received telegram directing my division to remain at Luray until relieved by General Banks. Arrived here this day. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General. HDQI1S. DEPARTMENT OF THE SHENANDOAH, Winchester, June 12, 18621.30 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Fr6monts chief of staff reports that they have beaten Jack- son in two engagements and that Shields has been beaten on the oppo- site side of the river. Jackson has been re-enforced to the number of 30,000 or 35,000 men, including Smiths and Longstreet5 divisions, i Page 373 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 373 consequence of which he is falling back to llarrisonburg on his way to Mount Jackson, where he desires my command to join him. General Sigels division is in front of Winchester and Kerustown, 6,000 men, with two pieces of i~rtillery. The First Brigade Williams division is on the Shenandoah opposite Front Royal, and the Third Brigade will be in Winchester to-morrow; total, with cavalry, 6,000 mei~ and twelve serviceable guns. In my opinion Mount Jackson is no place to meet the enemy. Middle- town is a point which commands the opening of the three mountain valleys, and either Middletown or Winchester is the place to meet Jackson. My opinion is that Fr6mout should fall back to this line, and I have so suggested to him in order to the enemy from his rear. If we are compelled to meet the enemy here more artillery and more troops should be sent, if possible. We expect return of messenger here in the morning with further advices and will communicate. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 12, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: The following dispatch has just been received from Genci-al McClellan: HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, June 11, 186211 a. m. lion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The following is taken from the Richmond Whig of the 10th instant: STAUNTON, June 9, 1862. ~Governor LETCHER: tieneral Jackson has given General Shields an awful whipping, capturing one regi- ment and his artillery, and driven him for miles down the Shenandoah. Fr6mont appeared on the opposite bank of the Shenandoah River. Our victory over Shields to-day is complete. If Jackson had re-enforcements he would save all. Our loss is very heavy, but the en~mys is tremendous. The cavalry is still in pursuit. Fr6mont crossed the North River with a small force at Rockland Mills. [Second dispatch.] STAUNTON, June 9, 1862. General Ashby was killed last Friday. Our loss yesterday was about 200; to- day much heavier. Will give you all news additional that conies to hand. Great victory over Shields to-day. [Third dispatch.] STAUNTON, June 9, 1862. Fr6mont is falling back and blockading the roads. Jackson pursuing Shields. Urge forward the re-enforcements, so that he may follow up this success. A. W. H. There is reason to believe that two regiments of infantry and a battery of artillery were sent from Richmond on Sunday, the 8th instant, to re-enforce Jackson. GEO. B. McCLELLAN. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War Page 374 374 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXLW. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, M(~nassas, June 12, 1862. Hon. F. M. STANTON, Washington, D. C.: The following is just received from General King at Catletts: Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: A contraband, who came in to-day, reports that Jackson passed Hiroiigh Charlottes- ville in retreat day before yesterday. He had his artillery and trala yesterday. It is so important that I have sent to General King a request to havo the negro brought here. ED. SCHRJVER~ Colonel and Chief of Staff. MANASSAS, June 12, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Luray: (Care of General Ricketts, at Front Ho messenger to General Shields): yal, who is to send this by HEADQUARTERS, Mana~sas, June 124 p. m. Major-General McDowell wishes you to inform him what kind of de- fensive position you have at Luray. ED. SCIIRIYER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. MANASSAS, June 12, 18624 p. m. General IRICKETTS, Front Royal: Major-General McDowell wishes you to hold your division constaRtly ready to move at the shortest notice to Luray. ED. SOIIRIVER Colonel a~nd Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, ilfanassas, June 12, 1862. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Front Royal: Send word to General Bayard at New Market, where he is in camp, that General McDowell accedes to his request to repair to this depart. ment by the way of Strasburg instead of Luray. A copy of this will do as well as any communication. ED. SCHIUVEE Colonel and Chief of Saff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, iMianassas, June 12, 18623.30 p. m. General IRIOKETTS,FrOnt Royal: Major-General McDowell directs me to send you the following tele grams received by him through the War Department, with instructions Page 375 374 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAr. XXLV.. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, JThnassas, June 12, 1862. Hon. F. M. STANTON, Washington, D. C.: The following is just received from General King at Catletts: Colonel SCURIVER, Chief of Staff: A contraband, who came in to-day, reports that Jackson passed ilirough Charlottes- ville in retreat day before yesterday. He had his artillery and traiii yesterday. It is so important that I have sent to General King a request to have the negro brought here. ED. SCHRJYER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. MANASSAS, June 12, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Luray: (Care of General Ricketts, at Front ~iRo messenger to General Shields): yal, who is to send this by HEADQUARTERS, Manassas, June 124 p. m. Major-General McDowell wishes you to inform him what kind of de- fensive position you have at Luray. ED. SCIIRIVER Colonel and Chief of Staff. MANASSAS, June 12, 18624 p. m. General IRICKETTS, Front Royal: Major-General McDowell wishes you to hold your division consta~tly ready to move at the shortest notice to Luray. ED. SCIIRIVER Colonel a~nd Chief of S~aff. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Manassas, June 12, 1862. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Front Royal: Send word to General Bayard at New Market, where he is in camp, that General McDowell accedes to his request to repair to this depart- ment by the way of Strasburg instead of Luray. A copy of this will do as well as any communication. ED. SCHEIVEE, Colonel and Chief of Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 12, 18623.30 p. m. General RICKETTS,FrOnt Royal: Major-General McDowell directs me to send you the following tele- grams received by him through the War Department, with instructions Page 376 376 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 12, 18625 p. m. lion. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: I have received the telegram from Major-General McClellan and M& or *1~enera1 Banks you sent me this morning. The enemys telegram from Stannton to Governor Letcher at Rich- mond for re-enforcements seems to indicate there was no body of troops between Jackson and Richmond. This is not concinsive, but 1)robable. {}eneral McClellans opinion that some troops left Richmond to join Jackson is strong presUmptive evidence that they intend to strengthen their forces in the valley, though hardly by Longstreets and Smiths divisions; perhaps it is only to make good Jacksons losses. General Fr6monts intention to occupy Monnt Jackson and his desire that General Banks shonid join him there, and the latters wish to occupy either Middletown or Winchester, and his opinion adverse to occupy- ing Front Royal on this side of the river, he being in fact now only opposite Front Royal, seem to indicate .that both these commanders imitend, or wish, to remain on the west side of the Shenandoah. If they can snp~)ly themselves by way of Winchester and Strasbnrg, an(l relin- quish the road from Manassas to Front Royal town, their plan will have the advantage of having their forces move together in better snpport- ing distance and less liable to attacks in detail; but in that case it seems to mne that as all the forces of both the~e commanders would l)e on the same line, they might occupy in fbrce a position farther in advance than Mount Jackson, so as to be able to fall on the rear of any force going on the Lnray roimd or over to Western Virginia, and at the same time be far enough advanced to act sufficiently as a covering force to Washington to enable the Presidents I)lali concerning my command to be carrle(l into effect. If, under the belief of an advance of a superior force, General Fr6- mont falls back to Mount Jackson, which is witlmin time Massanutten flange, General Shields division is not safe at Lnray, especially since the bridges over the Shenandoah are down and the communication is ~ut off, and he too far distant to be 5Up1)Orted from Catletts. 1 have sent to him to know if he has a good. defensible position at Luray, and have delayed the niovement of Ricketts two brigades from Front Royal to Catletfs, and ordered him to be ready to move to Luray. But all this is immterfering with the main plan, and if Generals Fr6- mont and Banks think they can better operate both together west of the Shenandoah, I would recommend that no bridge be rebuilt over the Shenandoah at Front Royal; that Front Royal an(1 the line from Manass~s and Front Royal be abandonded, and that. 1 at omice bring mv forces over to this line. The positiomi now held mm the left bamik of the Shenandoah near Front Royal by Brigadier-General Crawford is strong. Shields division greatly reduced al)(l l)roken. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Comdg. Departm CUt of th c Rappc(han a ock-. NEAR NEW MARKET, June 12, 1862. Col. E. SCURIVER, Chief of & aff: COLONEL: In the rapid marches which I have of late been making, without rations and without shoes or nails, my horses and men hav Page 377 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 377 been broken down. The latter need rest, the former shoeing, before I can attempt to cross through the pass. I have not two serviceable horsea in either regiment. You know, sir, that it was not my fault that I did not have the shoe nails, and here I could not get such things as shoes or nails, and I did not have my forges. I must stop and shoe my horses. To attempt to go to Luray as I am would utterly destroy the horses. Whilst I am shoeing, I send forward this express to ask per- mission to go by Strasburg and Front Royal. The bridge over the river on the road to Luray is destroyed and it would be utterly impos- sible for me to get my artillery across. If Jackson has followed Gen- cral Shields I should be cut to pieces before ever I could join him. On the score of practicability of the route, as well as its safety, I would pre- fer the St.rasburg route, and have the honor to request permission to take the command that way. I think I shall need at least 400 horses to fill up the regiments as they were. Generals Kimballs and Carrolls brigades you know were pretty well cut up before we reached Port Republic. We had a pretty hard fight Sunday, and lost, in killed and wounded, 1,600 or 1,800 men. Remem- ber the bridge to Luray is destroyed, and there is no way to get over the river, and Jackson, with his forces, in the valley. For me to go that way will be more than temerity. I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant GEG. D. BAYARD, Brigadier- General, Commanding Brigade. OATLETT$, June 12, 1862. Col. E. SOIIRXVER, Chief of Staff: A contraband,who came into camp to-day, reports that Jackson passed through Charlottesville in retreat day before yesterday. He had his artillery and train with him. I should like to move my camp a few miles to-morrow; where we are now the water is bad, the site unwhole- some. General Duryea and brigade are all here. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HEADQUARTERS GENERAL SmELS DIvIsIoN, Winchester, Va., June 12, 18623 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON Secretary ol War: My dispatch of the 11th was essentially correct. According to a dis- patch received to-night from Colonel Albert, chief of General Fr6monts staff, it is evident that Fr6monts army attacked Jacksons forces on the 8th of June and defeated them, driving them toward Port Re- l)ublic, where, after attacking General Shields forces and defeating them, lie burned the bridge and prevented Fr6monts army from cross- ing the river to follow up the victory gainedinformation having been received that Jackson had formed a junction with Generals Smiths and Longstreets forces, amounting in all to 30,000 or 35,000 men, and that General Shields forces retreated toward Richmond. I am informed by Colonel Albert that Frdmonts army commenced their retreat to Mount Jackson yesterday morning, not being able to withstand suc Page 378 378 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. a force. My forces not being in condition to move forward, General Banks has ordered his whole force and mine to concentrate at Kerns- town, 3 miles south of Winchester, where we ~vill await the arrival of Frdmonts forces and make a stand against Jackson; bnt we must have artillery, which I earnestly request to be sent on immediately. Can- not some of the artillery around Washington be sparedat least. four batteries ~ Furthermore, I desire the requisitions sent on to-(lay for the wants of this division to be filled immediately, to put. the trooI)s tinder my command in such a condition that I can make a forward movement with them if necessary. F. SIG EL, Major-General, U. S. Volunteers. WAsHINGToN, June 12, 1862. Major-General SIGEL, Winchester: Your dispatches of yesterda.y and to-day were received. It cannot be possible that Jackson has any such re-enforcement as 30,000 or 35,000. McClellan telegraphs that two regiments of re-enforcements were sent from Richmond to Jackson. What necessity can there be for General Banks to fall back from Front Royal and his positions until Fr6mont comes np? Does it not leave a gap for Jackson to pass through Front. Royal as before ~l The President directs that your forces and Banks shall not fall back from Front Royal and their present positions until further develop- ments. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, June 12, 1862. Colonel MILES, Harpers Ferry: Please report immediately by telegraph what force you have at Har- pers Ferry, stating specifically the number of infantry, cavalry, and. artillery, and also what artillery you have in position besides the Horse Artillery, if you have any. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HARPERS FERRY, June 12, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have for duty 1,176 infantry, including Eighth \ew York Cavalry, dismounted, and part of Manisbys Maryland Home Guard; 182 cavalry.. Have no artillerymen. Have two 9-inch Dahigrens and one 50-pounder rifled; also four smooth-bore 12-l)OnIldCr howitzers and two 3-inch rifled. guns, which are under orders for Winchester. I). S. MILES, Colonel Second ThJhntry Page 379 CHAP. XXIV.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 379 MOUNT JACKSON, June 12, 1862. Hon. ABRAHAM LINCOLN. President of the baited States: DEAR Sw.: When I took leave of you you authorized me to send you a conh(lential report about the condition of things in this (lepartment. I arrived at Harrisonburg on the 9th, having been detained iii the mountains for two days by the swollen creeks. My experience is there- fore short, but I have already seen and heard enough to give a reliable opinion on many points. It is a fact, which admits of no doubt, that when you ordered Gen- eral Fr~inont to march from Franklin to Harrisonburg it was 8b5o- lutely impossible to carry out the order. The army was in a starving condition and literally unable to fight. I have beeii assured by many that had they been attacked at Frankliu about that time a number of regiments would have thrown down their arms. Thins it seems to have been necessary to move back towar(l Moorefield in order to meet the sul)l)ly traimis. The army then went in forced marches to Strasburg. Most of the baggage and the knapsacks of the soldiers were left be- hind. The march was (lifficult, and, owing to the lack of provisions, very hard on the men. The army failed to arrest Jackson at Strasburg, and although it seems that Jacksons rear guard might have been at- tacked with more promptness and vigor, yet it is undoubtedly a very fortunate circumstance that Gemmeral Fr6mont did not succee(1 in placing himself across Jacksons line of retreat; for Jacksons force was so much superior to his (all the generals, Bamiks included, l)ut at 25, OOG as the very lowest) that he would in all probability have been beaten. The pnrsuit was vigorous, and the battle fought on the 8th an lion- orable affair. You are probably well informed of what followed; how the bridge was burned amid how Jackson drove Shields back on the other side of the river. Early on the morning of the 10th, when I had already left Harrison- burg for the purpose of joining General Fr~mont, I was advised of his retrograde movenment, and shortly after 1 oclock p. m. the army entered the town. The weather was very bad and the roads in a miserable condition. I saw the general immediately after his arrival, amid he communicated to me his intention to fall back as far as Mount Jackson... Shortly afterward he received your orders to remain at Harrisonburg. He sent for me, and we had a full conversation on the subject, and I will at once state that as he explained the condition of things to me I fully commeurred in his views. The reasons for falling back to Mount Jackson are the following: 1st. Your order is based upon an imperfect knowledge of facts. When you sent it you knew nothimig of the battle of the 8th nor of the defeat of Shields. 2d. Shields beimig defeated, and, moreover, or(lered to join McDowell in a movement on iRichmnond, Fr~mu ont alone would have Jackson on his hands, who can now move with perfect liberty, the niore so, as, ac- cording to the best informatiomi we have, he has received considerable re-enforcements, which carry his force up ~) 29,000, while Banks is still too fin oft to support Fr~mont. 3d. Fr6inonts force has dwindled (lown to 10,000 comb atamits at the outside, and these in a wretched conditiomi. lie has twenty-three regi- ments, which do not average over 400; some of them are mere skeletons. A great mmiany foot-sore and without shoes, marching barefooted through the mud and over rocky ground. The horses are in a niiserable cond Page 380 9 ~8O OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. tion, having fed on nothing but grass and clover for a considerable time; the artillery horses hardly able to draw their pieces. I have seen but one company of cavalry that is tolerably well mounted. 4th. The position of llarrisonburg is not tenable for an army so weak and exhausted as this again~t the force Jackson can bring against it. It has no protection in front and can easily be turned on both wings. Besides, the possession of llarrisonburg seems to be of no particular importance; it covers nothing bnt the country immediately behind it, and can easily be retaken as soon as the army 15 111 a condition to re- sume the offensive. ~th. The position of Mount Jackson is very strong, covered in front by the Shenandoah, and has good appuis on both wings. In that position the army can rest with safety, reorganize, and wait provisions and re-enforcements, and have that repose of which it stands so much in need. For these reasons you will concede it was advisable to do what was done. Offensive operations being out of the question for the present, the defensive was to be made as strong and secure as possible, and the measures adopted are in my opinion the best and in fact the only ones that will fully answer the object. Let me say a few words of the wants of this army: 1. It wants recruits to fill up the regiments. There are regiments mustering less than 300 men, and there are but very few mustering over 500. 2. It wants a few more regiments. General Fr6mont~s army ought to consist of fonr divisions, of two brigades each, for active operations. There are regiments in the country which might be sent forward. I know of two which are without employment: the Nineteenth Wiscon- sin, guarding prisoners of war at Madison, Wis., and the Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania, Colonel Campbell, which I found scattered along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad between Cumberland and Martinsburg, mustering 900 men, and eager to do duty in the field. Prisoners as well as railroads might be guarded by militia. 3. Our soldiers want shoes and underclothing; they cannot march without them. Above all, let us have shoes. 4. The army wants at least 1,000 good horses. Only in this way can the artillery, as well as the cavalry, be rendered efficient. 5. In this mountainous country we ought to have a small company of sappers and miners to each division. It is so in every well-organized army, and ours cannot get along without them. It has been tried to su~)ply their place with infantry furnished with the necessary tools but this will not answer. It was found that the infantry soldiers charged with the tools will throw them away as soon as they become inconven- ient on the march. In fact, I saw yesterday, when the march of the army was impeded by the breaking down of a little bridge, how the officer charged with repairing it had to borrow an ax of a farmer, and the march of the whole column was stopped for nearly an hour, while the damage done to the bridge might have been repaired by a company organized for that purpose i~m five minutes. 6. The commissary department must be looked into. It is impossible to stop marauding and to prevent the entire demoralization of the army unless the supplies of provisions arrive with some regularity. It is ab- solutely impossible to live upon a country where there is nothing left. All the statements I have made here are based upon my own observa- tions, and when speaking of the wants of the army I know that they are of the most absolute kind Page 381 CHAP. XXIV.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 381 Now, permit me a few remarks on the strategical operations in this campaign. A gi~eat blunder was committed by not uniting the two corps of Generals Frdmont and Shields. Divided commands will in almost every instance lead to disaster. While Fr6mont and Shields united might have driven the enemy into the river, Shields was de- feated, and it is owing only to the extreme vigor of Fr6monts attack that he did not meet a similar fate. If we had been attacked at liar- risonburg night before last, our army decimated by deaths, sickness, fatigue, and exhaustion, the result could hardly have been doubtful. We must hold the valley of Virginia, and in holding it we hold West- ern Virginia at the same time. It is much easier to take Staunton and to cut the railroad in this way than by operating in the mountains. The guerrilla warfare in the mountains is of no consequence, but in order to carry out this plan of securing Western Virginia by operating here we must have the necessary means. The see-saw business, as it has been going on here for some time, is destroying our armies and wearing out the patience of our people for no purpose whatever. Jacksons army must be annihilated, and that done we can easily branch off into Eastern Tennessee and clear that country of the enemy. But for this it is indispensably necessary that we should have a strong force here which can always act on the offensive. While I am writing I learn that General Banks is going to Front Royal, and it is reported that Jackson has reoccupied llarrisonburg. If he should try he might easily succeed in forcing Banks back and then turn against us. The two armies are so far apart that they can- not aid each other nor fall back one upon the other on a day of battle. If there are any personal considerations at the bottom of these arrangements I pray you let them be dropped, and also, if this is possi- ble, let the generals commanding armies know the general plan npon which these movements of troops are based. It is frequently the case that the communication between the different armies is interrupted, as for instance when Shields was attacked and beaten by Jackson, and then it depends entirely on accident whether they learn of each others movements or not. Hence many blunders and misunderstandings. This morning I found General Fr~iuont in a somewhat irritated state of mind, and I must confess I understand it. The Government has plcnty of provisions, and our soldiers die of hunger; plenty of shoes, and they go barefooted; plenty of horses, and we are hardly able to move. I would entreat you let it not be said that this army is more neglected than any other. It would appear that it is willfully so, and you know well how this will be interpreted. The task this army has before it is an important one, and it ought to have the means to fulfill it. There arc many things in the management of things here which I have not been able to observe closely enough to give a fair and reliable opinion- but I pray you to give orders providing for the wants of the army. If we could have another battery of howitzers so much the bet- ter. As a general thing we have plenty of artillery, but in howitzers, which are particularly important in this mountainous country, we are deficient. As ever, faithfully, yours, C. SCIIIJRZ Page 382 382 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIV. WASHINGTON,JUne 13, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: A (lispatch from Fr6mont, received this morning, was (lated on the 10th instant at Port Republic, and said that he intended to fall back until he formed a junction with Banks, which he said he intended to do at Mount Jackson. The Presidents order of Slln(lay, you know, di- rected him to take position at llarrisonburg, but yesterday leave was given to occupy Mount Jackson if he 1)retcrred that point. Another dispatch to the President received to-day was (lated at Mount Jackson yesterday, asking that Sigel and Bairks might be ordered to report to him. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. FRONT ROYAL, June , 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: I send you copies of communications received from Maj. Gen. N. P. Banks and my answer to the same: * WINCHESTER, VA., June 13, t562. Oeneral RICKETTS: The difficulty in moving my command is at this moment insuperable, and it will be necessary that your command should remain at Front Royal until my advance can be ordered. It shall not be beyond the time that is absolutely necessary for its equip- inent. I am, general, most respectfully, your obedient servant, N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. IIDQRs. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, 0 Mianassas, June 13, 186212.15 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANT6N, Secretary of War: Owing to some instructions from Major-General Banks the troops of bis command have not crossed the river to relieve General Ricketts at Front Royal. This, I understand, is the impression General Banks is under, that this is in accordance with his instructions from Washington. It is most desirable General Banks should at once relieve my troops in the valley, so that Front Royal and the line from Manassas to thatplace be abandoned, so that 1 may be at work getting my forces tog~tlier. They are too far apart. I want to get a larger force at Fredericksburg and at Catletts at once. Jackson is either coming against Shields at Luray, or King at Catletts, or Doubleday at Fredericksburg, or is going to Richmond. Neither of the places named is in condition to withstand him, and in any case I should get my command together; but I cannot leave the valley and commence to do so till General Banks assumes the charge. Cannot he be asked to hasten his trool)s ~ General Sin-el, who is near Winchester,,is waiting for certain supplies. Cannot he move, as we have done, an(l have his sul)l)lies follow him? A small force of the enemy has made his appearance in front of Fred. ericksburg, driving in our pickets. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Comm an ding. * This is incomplctc Page 383 ~CUAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 383 HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Ma~.assas, June 13 1862. Major-General BANKS, Winchester: At the request of one of your staff, Lieut. 11. B. Brown, I telegraph you in regard to a bridge which General MeigM informed him 1 have with my army and which he wants at Front Royal. I have India- rubber pontoon train at Fredericksburg, and Ilee(l these to cross the Rappaliannock and streams beyond. A ferry was established at Front Royal which brought men to this sidea regiment of infliutry, a section ~of artillery, and some cavalry of General Ricketts command. IRVIN MCDOWELL, ]Jfajor- General, Commanding Department. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Manassas, June 13, 1862. Hon. E. .M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have just returned from Catletts. The report brought there by a negro was that Richmond authorities have sent ont for negroes to be sent down to work on the fortifications and for the militia to come and defend them. It was on this account the negro ran away. He over- heard his master say that Jackson had passed through Charlottesville. I was unable to find the negro, and give this at second-hand. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Manassas, June 13, 1862. lion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Has the Department any information as to the position of General Fr6mont ~l I ask so as to determine in relation to moving General Shields from Luray and General Ricketts from Front Royal. I am dis- posed to move both of them as soon as they can march, and without waiting any further movements from General Banks. General Banks is now in force on the Shenandoah opposite Front Royal, and even if Jackson should not have gone to Richmond, and should attempt to go again down the valley, General Banks is in the strongest position on the line for resisting him. Such a move on the rart of Jackson would only result in our abandoning the line from Ma- nassas to Front Royal. General Banks is waiting for a bridge to be built or a ferry larger than the present one to be established. lRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Comdg. Department of the Rappahannock. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 13, 1862. brigadier-General RICKETTS, Front Royal: General McDowell has seen your telegram of to-day. He wishes t Page 384 384 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. know if you have heard anything from Shields? Have shoes for his men and horses gone forward? Do you know? ED. SCIIRIYER Colonel and Chief of Staff. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, ifanassas, June 13, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Luray: General McDowell wishes to know the earliest day your division can leave Luray for Warrenton. Send word by messenger, through General Ricketts, at Front Royal, who will telegraph it here. ED. SCHRIYER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. C~TL~TTS, June 13, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: We have not yet found the contraband. Orderlies are looking for him. The information he gave he got from his master. I did not see him myself, but heard the story through Colonel Pratt. Will spare no pains to find him and send him to you. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General. FRONT ROYAL, June 13, 1862. Colonel SCHEIVER, Chief of Staff: The Rhode Island cavalry were ready to move yesterday. I detained them on your telegraph, that no movement of any part of my division at Front Royal be made, & c., and I consider them necessary as long as I am kept here in readiness to move on the Luray road, & c. However, they shall be at once ordered to Manassas. I hear nothing of General Shields officially, but casually from a teamster that lie is within 2 miles of Luray. General Shields quartermaster, Johnson, was here yester- day, and I sent him to arrange with the depot quartermaster about transportation, and since then have heard nothing. I now send a staff officer to find him, and will report3 to you. JAMES B. RICKETTS, Brigadier- General. WAsHINGTON, June 13, 1862. Major-General M%JDowELL: The following has just been received from General Banks: WINCHEsTER12.45 p. m. Hon. E. M. STAXrON: The First Brigade Williams division is on the Shenandoah opposite Front RoyaL The Second, General Greene, at Newtown, in snpporting distance. General Sigels division is advanced to Kernstown, to move forward if necessary. They wait onl Page 385 ~CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 385 for blankets and equipments, to be up to-day, and will advance. The river is passa- ble for troops to Front Royal, bnt we are making preparations for crossing. N. P. BANKS. EDWiN M. STANTON, Secretar~y of War. WINCHESTER, June 13, 1862. General MCDOWELL: The pontoons I instructed my aide-de-camp to inquire for were some lying at Alexandria, reported to me by Colonel ilaupt, of the transpor- tation department. It is not to be expected for a moment that the ~bridge at Fredericksburg could be brought this way. The other material will serve us, I think. Thanks for your prompt reply. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding D~partment. FALMOUTH, June 13, 1862. Major.General MCDOWELL: Our pickets were driven in at 6 this morning on the Spotsylvania road by a party said to be 100 strong. Contrabands reported a regi- ment of the enemy in the vicinity. I have sent a supporting force out on the road to sustain the cavalry reserves in case of need. A. DOUBLEDAY, Brigadier- General, Commanding. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE IRAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 13, 186211.40 a. m. General DOUBLEDAY, Falmouth: General McDowell wishes to know immediately the disposition in de- tail of the troops placed under your command in the vicinity of Fred-. ericksburg, Falmouth, & c. ED. SOIIRLVER, Colonel and Chief of Staff ADDITIONALThe general directs that you only occupy the town with a guard, under the protection of your guns on the left bank, keep- ing your forces well together on the left bank on the defensive, sending out pickets up and down the river, and see that no body of the enemy crosses. Do not send anything but scouts and pickets much beyond the town on the other side. ED. SCIIRIVER, Chief of Staff. FRONT ROYAL, June 13, 1862. Col. E. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: Inform General McDowell that owing to some instructions from Gen- 25 R RYOL XII, PT II Page 386 386 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXW. eral Banks General Crawford has not crossed the river, and I am still holding the town of Front Royal. Should my two brigades be ordered to Luray this should be considered. JAMES B. IRICKETTS, Brigadier. General, Commanding Division. WINCHESTER, VA., June 13, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your dispatch of the 12th instant just received. My last report was an abstract of a letter received on the morning of the 12th from Colonel Albert, chief of staff to General Fr6mont. I only stated what he wrote to me. I never intended to pull back, nor did General Banks, as far as I know. All our forces are now concentrated between here and New- town. General Bankstwo brigades are encamped at Newtown and op. posite Front Royal; my two brigades near Kernstown, on the road to Strasburg. I have sent reports of the number and condition of my troops to the Adjutant.General and to General Ripley. I direct your special attention to those reports. General Fr6monts headquarters are at Mount Jackson; his troops at New Market. F. SIGEL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 13, 1862. Brigadier.General KELLEY, (Jumberland: The Eighty.fourth Ohio Regiment is on the road from Wheeling to Cumberland with orders for Washington. You will halt it and place it at New Creek to guard the depot there until further orders. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. CLARKSBTJRG, June 13, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Your telegram has been forwarded to me here. I had already strengthened New Creek by withdrawing most of my force from Cum- berland and neighborhood. May I therefore ask that your order be modified so as to allow me to retain the Eighty-fourth Regiment at Cumberland for the present, in order that 1 may have it put in a con- dition for efficient service? I will return to Cumberland on Monday. Guerrillas are either killed, captured, or driven out of most of the coun- ties of Northwestern Virginia. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad is all safe and in good working order west of Harpers Ferry. P1eas~ answer here. B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier- General Page 387 CnAr. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.TJNION. 387~ WASHINGTON, June 13, 1862. JOHN W. GARRETT, Esq., Baltimore: I had authorized Colonel Miles to stop the Eighty-fourth Ohio at Harpers Ferry, but on reflection think it had better be halted at New Creek and let the other regimcut~ tome forward to Harpers Ferry. Others are ready to come. There is no occasion for alarm at Win- chester. EDWIN M. STANTON. HARPERS FERRY, June 13, 18621~ a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, & cretary of War: I have sent up to Winchester, by order, all stragglers and parts of companies, retaining four companies to garrison Harpers Ferry west of the Potomac, numbering 317 men. Seven companies Eighth New York Cavalry are stationed on Maryland Heights, and six companies of Maulsbys regiment at Sandy Hook and east side of the railroad bridge. I respectfully recommend, to make ths place secure, an officer be sent here to construct two redonbts. We have the tools, but no laborers. D. 5. MILES; Colonel, & e. MANASSAS, June 14, 18628 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: The position which I learn from your telegram of last night is now occupied by Fr6mont at Mount Jackson leaves ~hields command ex- posed at Luray. Either Jackson is falling back to Richmond or he is waiting for re-enforcements to renew his offensive operations. If the former, my forces are not needed where they now are, but are needed where the President has ordered them. If the latter, then has Fr6- monts movement to Mount Jackson and Banks inability to make one, as ordered, up the east bank of the Shenandoah, left the forces of my command too much divided to support each other and give that pro- tection to the capital which it is made my duty to afford. I am not in strength either at Luray, on this line, or at Fredericksburg, whilst the valley west of the Shenandoah down to Harpers Ferry is held in superabundant strength. I propose, therefore, to immediately order my troops out of the valley, and have General Geary take post at Thoroughfare. General King goes to-day to Fredericksburg with another brigade. If hereafter Banks shall see fit to cross the Shenandoah at Front Royal and carry out the plans the President ordered, he will be able to do so as well as if I were there. If not, no harm will be done, and I will be able to utilize the forces now locked up in his department. I feel precious time is being lost so far as I am concerned by my having to wait for Banks, and that I am either being exposed to be attacked in detail, if Jackson acts offensively, or that I am delaying the re-en- forcements for Richmond, where they will be needed more than ever if, as I am led to thinji may be the case, he has gone to re-enforce Lee Page 388 388 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. Please let me know at as early a moment as possible if there is any objection to my acting as I propose immediately. Very respectfully, IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 14, 186211 a. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: Your telegram has just been received. You have all the knowledge possessed by the Department respecting tho position of the forces under command of General Banks and General Fr6mont, and you also know what.orders have been given by the President to those commanders as well as to yourself. I have no further orders to give. EDWIN M. STAINTON. IIDQRs. .DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 14, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: I have ordered General Shields to move as soon as possible to Cat- letts. It was from no desire to avoid the full measure of responsibility which belongs to me that I telegraphed the condition in which my troops in the valley are placed. The change of the plan as to General Fr6- monts position affected me, and I ventured to submit, in the absence of any instruction to me, what I thought best to be done nuder the new condition of things. IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. 0 MANASSAS, June 14, 1862. General BANKS, Commanding Department, Winchester: Permit me to inquire when you will be able to relieve my command at Front Royal, that I may get it into position to carry out the orders of the President. A ferry has been established over the Shenandoah, which was suffi- cient to bring to this side a regiment of infantry, a section of artillery, and some cavalry, and which, therefore, I think should be sufficient to throw over from your command a force to guard the stores and occupy the place till your permanent arrangements can be made. To wait for those permanent arrangements would, I fear, delay the movements I am ordered to make beyond the time which would render them effective. iRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. WINCHESTER, June 14,41862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: Your dispatches are received. My command will be ready for the movement you suggest in a day or two at furthest. We must hav Page 389 CRAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 389 means of crossing the river, however, and enough of the boats at Alex- andria should be sent to connect rafts. At any rate, to operate at Front Royal we must have some means of crossing. N. P. BANKS, Major-General. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Manassas, June 14, 1862. Major-General BANKS, Commanding De~partment of the Shenandoah, Winchester: The pontoon train you refer to as being at Alexandria is the reserve division of the train on the Rappahannock and is the only movable portion of the train, and is now on the way to Fredericksburg for use over streams to the south. It is not enough for a bridge except ever a narrow stream, and was intended to be used as a ferry. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 14, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Luray (through General Ricketts, at Front Royal): The major-general commanding was informed last night from the War Department that Major-General Fr6mont had fallen back to Mount Jackson, and had applied to have Major-Generals Banks and Sigel sent to join him. If there is reason, as Major-General Fr6mont seems to think there is, to expect an attack from Jacksons army re-enforced, your position at Luray, now no longer in reach of any support from General Fr6monts army, is not safe, and you will therefore make your arrangements to quit and march to Warrenton at a moments notice. The condition of the service is such as to make it necessary for every officer to be at his post. The general therefore directs that no leaves of absence, save on surgeons certificate of disability, be given in any case whatever. ED. SOHEIVER, Colonel, Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 14, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, L-uray (through General Ricketts, Front Royal, to whom this is to be sent): Major-General McDowell directs that you move your division to Cat- letts at the earliest practicable moment. What supplies are at Front Royal will go forward to you to-night. Any deficiency that there may be will be forwarded you at Catletts. ED. SCURIVER, Colonel, Chief of Staff Page 390 390 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT, Manassas, June 14, 1862. Brigadier.General RICKETTS, Front Royal: General McDowell wishes you to acquaint him immediately what are the facilities for crossing troops from the other side of the river to this side, and how and to what extent the existing means of crossing can be multiplied by anything, such as scows, boats, & c., which can be had in your vicinity. ED. SCHRLYER, Colonel, Chief of & affi MANASSAS, June 14, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Washindton, D. C.: Please see sixth column of first page of Baltimore Clipper, of this date, for interesting orders from Johnston to Jackson, respecting past opera- tions in the valley of the Shenandoah and my command at Fredericks- burg. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding D~partment. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 14, 18629 p. m. Major-General BANKS, Winchester: I beg to communicate to you the following information about the means of crossing the river at Front Royal: It consists of a flat-boat, which carries a company of infantry. When the ferry was turned over to General Crawford by it Colonel Christians regiment was crossed, with baggage wagons and section of artillery, battery wagons and forge; also a squadron of cavalry. From Front Royal 60 loaded wagons were passed over. If there were ropes there a flat-boat bridge could be constructed without difficulty. So General iRicketts reports. IRVIN McDOWELL. FALMOUTH, June 14, 1862. General MCDOWELL: The cavalry are returning. They examined the country for 18 miles. The attack on my pickets proceeded from 50 irregular rebel cavalry, who came from Davenports Ford, on the Central Railroad,90 miles from Wai- lers and 27 from Fredericksburg. A considerable force Qf infantry, cavalry, and artillery is undoubtedly assembling there, with pickets ex- tending to Wallers. All accounts agree in this; the negroes say many hundreds. A. DOUBLEDAY, Brigadier- General. FALMOUTII, June 14, 18629.50 p. m. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: I arrived here this evening. Have received your dispatch. I shall send out parties on this side of the river and scouts on the other to Page 391 ChAr. Xliv.] dORRESPONDENCE, ETObUNION. 391 morrow and collect the desired information. I should like Colonel Davies cavalry here, if they are no longer needed in the vicinity of 4Datletts. General McCalls cavalry all left here this evening. RUFUS KING, Brigadier- General, Comm4nding. HEADQUARTERS DEPART~ENT, Manassas, June 14, 1862. Brigadier-General KING, Fredericksburg or Falmouth: The general has received your dispatch of this morning. He desires me to say that Fredericksburg is to he occupied by a guard only, under the protection of your guns on this side of the river, keeping your forces well together on the left bank on defensive; sending out pickets up ~and down the river to see that no body of the enemy crosses, and noth- ing but scouts and pickets much beyond the town on the other side. ED. SCHRJYER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. MANASSAS, June 15, 1862. Hon. ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President of the United States: So much has been said about my not going to aid McClellan and of his need of re-enforcements that I beg the President will now allow me to take every man that can be spared. I make this request in view of what I just learned from Front Royal of an intention to have my Sec. ond Division broken up and Hartsuffs brigade transferred to General Banks department. Fr6monts and General Banks commands are now superabundantly strong for all purposes in the valley. Jackson seems to have gone to Charlottesville, and I will have to do with him either on the way or at Richmond. The rapid marches over the mountains have diminished my force, aside from McCalls division, by at least 4,000 men. At Richmond we will have the heavy work, and after providing for the safety of this line and Fredericksburg my force to march upon Richmond will be a much smaller re-enforcement than will be looked for or wanted. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major-General. MANASSAS, June 15, 186212.30 p. m. Hon E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Major-General Banks writes to General Ricketts, commanding my Sec- ond Division, at Front Royal, that the difficulty in his moving his com- mand is insuperable, and that General Ricketts must remain with his command until his (General Banks) advance can be ordered, which shall not be beyond the time absolutely necessary for its equipment. I learn from another dispatch that he is waiting for blankets, & c., and one to me that he is waiting for means to cross the river. I have tel Page 392 392 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV.. graphed him that there is a ferry at Front Royal, over which we hav& passed a regiment of infantry, a section of artillery, 60 baggage wagons, and a squadron of cavalry, and that with ropes he can build a bridge of scows. I now learn to-day that there is on foot a plan for having Hart- suffs brigade, of the Second Division, transferred to General Banks; and in anticipation that General Williams has been calling on Hartsuff for returns of his brigade, and that General Banks is now on the way to Washington. I am sure it is not expected I should wait till bridges are built or troops should get everything in the way of equipments. My troops also need many things which I shall not wait for. I regret to have to trouble you in this matter, and to beg that I may not be de- prived of Hartsuff. They have enough for their defensive purposes, and I shall need more than I have, though I may not ask for them for the work I have to do. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. JUNE 15, 1S62~ Hon. SALMON P. CHASE, Secretary of the Treasury: I just learned from Front Royal that General Banks is about leaving Winchester for Washington, and at the same time that it is intended to have my Second Division, under Ricketts, broken np by having Hart- suffs brigade withdrawn and transferred to General Banks. The troops now under Generals Banks and Fr6mont are abundantly strong for all purposes in the valley. From all that I can learn Jackson is no longer in the valley, but at Charlottesville, either en route to Richmond. or Fredericksburg. I am to provide for the defense of Washington and Fredericksburg and then go to Richmond. I have not a man to spare~ I am less McCalls divisioii, and about 4,000 men lost for service by the forced marches from the others. Please endeavor to prevent this. I cannot afford to lose this brigade and carry out the programme assigned. me. Banks delays relieving me until his troops get blankets, & c. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 15, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL, Manassas: You need be under no apprehension about your force being brokem up. Banks wants Hartsuffs brigade, but the President refuses to let it be taken from your command. Banks comes here by my invitation, in order that the President may see him and urge prompt compliance with. his arrangement. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. HEADQUARTERS FIRST DIVISION, Luray, June 15, 1862. Colonel SORRIVER, Chief of Staff: Your dispatches, hurrying me forward to Catletts Station, were all~ received last night. No supplies of shoes and stockings or of horse and mule shoes and Page 393 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IJNION. 393 nails have reached me. One-half of my transportation is now at Front Royal awaiting these supplie~. There is not enough there, as reported last night, to supply two regiments. I am assured that I cannot expect them for four days. Under these circumstances I find it necessary to move my command to Front Royal, an(l put my command in motion this morning for that purpose. Please let the commanding general know that it is utterly impossible to cross the mountains without these supplies. I repeat, that my com- mand are for the most part shoeless and without stockings; my horses and mules without shoes. I will do anything possible, as I hope the commanding general knows, but to move from Front Royal is impossi- ble until 1 get these supplies. Johnson, my quarte~master, ought to have forwarded them, but he is stupid; and knows nothing of his duty. I rely solely on the energy and ability of the general commanding. My wagons are empty at Front Royal and my stores are here, but I will shift to have them removed. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, ]Ilianassas, June 15, 1862. Brigadier-General IRICKETTS, Front Royal: Do you know whether word sent to General Bayard, about three days ago, through you, that his return route should be by Front Royal, was received by him? ED. SCHRIVER, Colonel and Chief (if Staff. HDQRs. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 15, 186245.15 p. in. Major-General SHIELDS, Luray (through General Ricketts, at Front Royal, who will send this out immediately): The major-general commanding does not consider yonr position at Luray, now that General Fr6mont is at Mount Jackson, a safe one, if the enemy sees fit to come down on you in force; and on that account, as well as because he wishes you as soon as possible to be in a condi- lion to carry out the Presidents order for the operation of the forces in this department, he desires you to leave it without delay. Every effort has been made to send you horseshoes,.elothing, shoes, and stockings, and it is thought you must have them by this time; it may be in not sufficient quantities, yet enough, it is hoped, for you to march to Catletts, where you can be completely refitted. If you absolutely cannot march to Catletts you can fall back to Front Royal, where the railroad can aid you in getting over. Please acknowledge this immediately. ED. SCHEIVER, Colonel, Chief of Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 15, 1862. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Front Royal: The general has seen all your telegrams. He directs that Genera Page 394 394 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. IXIY. Hartsuff disregard the order from General Williams for a report of hi8 brigade, with which he has nothing to do. ED. SCHRIVER Colonel and Chief of Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manas8as, dune 15, 1862. Brigadrer.General KING, Falmouth, Va.: General McDowell says there is no hurry about the canal-boat bridge. The re8t of your division will be ordered forw& rd when they can be dispensed with in this quarter. ED. SOHRIVER, Colonel and Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RA.PPAHANNOCK Mana8sas, June 15, 186210.30 p. m. Brigadier.General IRICKETTS, Front Royal: General McDowell is desirous of knowing whether all the quartef. masters stores for General Shields division have gone forward to Luray. ED. SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas; June 15, 18626 p. m. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Front Royal: Your telegrams received. The major.general directs that the moment Shields division arrives at Front Royal you send Hartsuffs brigade to this place, and be prepared to follow with the other brigade as soon as possible. Cars have been ordered for transportation. If possible, platform cars will be provided for your artillery carriages, so that the horses may come over light. I will inform you of this hereafter. Coal is on the way. ED. SCHELVER, Colonel, Chief of Staff. HARPERS FERRY, VA., June 15, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON: I have examined Harpers Ferry, and find it in a very indefensible position. Colonel Miles has but a very few troops he could depend on. He has 600 cavalryNew. York Volunteerswithout arms or horses. These men will do no work, nor, as the colonel says, anything else, not having horses nor arms. The Maryland regiment will not leave the State for any other purpose. I think four regiments ought to be ordered here at once. Men capable of using the large guns should also be sent immediately. If rwiiors represent correctly the position of Banks and his forces, he is liable to lose his advance, under General Williams, at Front Royal, being 18 miles from Winchester. Jackson is said to b Page 395 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 395 within striking distance of Front Royal. I would refer you to Mr. Gar- retts telegram, who accompanied me to the ferry, and especially to so much as refers to Martinsburg. I will write you by mail in detail to- morrow morning. JOHN E. WOOL, Major- General. WINCHESTER, VA., June 15, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Could you not put temporarily the forces at Front Royal, consisting of two brigades, nuder General Banks, under my command? If you do it, I am confident we will drive Jackson out of the valley. F. SIGEL, Major-General. Hix~u.s. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 16, 18628 a. m. Hon. E. N. STANTON, Washington: Last night I received from General Ricketts at Front Royal the fol- lowing: The water l~as fallen 50 much that on exauiV nation made by three intelligent officers the fords are found practicable from the ii rth side, near th~ bridge, then up Strasburg road three-quarters of a mile before crossing South Fork. 0 IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major-General, Commanding Department. MANASSAS, June 16, 18628.15 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: General Shields division, not being in a condition to march from Inray to Warrenton, has fallen back to Front Royal, where it arrived this evening. General Bayard will be at the same place to-morrow a. in. ~ 10 oclock. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Mianassas, June 16, 186212.30 p. in. Brigadier-General RICKETTS, Front Royal: The major-general wishes the cavalry and trains of your division to move to this place. Hartsnffs brigade is to move as soon as you can get transportation. ED. SCHRIVER, Golonel and Chief of & aff Page 396 396 ~)PERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. LOHAP. XXIV. MILFORD, Twelve miles from Front Royal, June 16, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER, Chief of Staff: Telegraph of June 15, 5 a in., received. I am thus far en route to Front Royal with my whole division. The movement anticipated the telegram. Some supplies have reached us. Expect more at Front Royal. Horses and mules must be shod to go to Catletts. U. shoes and nails are there, will make the forges work night and day. Will be there myself to-night, when I can confer with you. Tell the general commanding that I will do everything to join him at once. JAS. SHiELDS, Commanding Division. FALMOUTH, June 16, 1862. Major-General MCDOWELL: A deserter from the Fifty-seveuth Virginia Regiment, who left Rich. mond last Wednesday, came into our lines this morning. He says that the rebel army there is reported at 150,000, but he thinks it does not exceed 100,000. All the divisions on this side of James River were engaged in the battle of Fair Oaks. General Joe Johnston was shot through the breast with a Minie ball, and his recovery is thought doubt- ful. The deserter adds that the rebel army is ill-fed and ill-clad, and that great discontent prevails in the ranks. The report at Richmond was that Beauregard was going to join Jackson in the valley of Vir- ginia. The deserter thinks there are no troops of any account between Richmond am! Fredericksburg. There was a great deal of sickness in the Richmond hospitals and thirty or forty deatl~ a day. Such is his story. I have telegraphed this information to Secretary of War. RUFUS KING Byigadier- General, Commanding. FRONT RoYAL, June 16, 1862. Col. E. SORRIVER, Chief of Staff: General Hartsuff will get off to-morrow if sufficient cars and engines are furnished. It of course depends upon the arrival of General Shields according to your orders. JAMES B. RICKETTS Brigadier-General, Commanding. FRONT ROYAL, June 16, 1862. Colonel SOHEIVER, Chief of Staff: I have just arrived here with my division. All well. Have not yet learned the quantity or quality of supplies. Have sent Dr. Most to report. Will soon make myself ready to leave. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General Page 397 CHAP. XXrv.j CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UMON. 397 IIDQRS: SECOND NEW YORK VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, June 16, 1862. Capt. IR. CHANDLER, Assistant Adjutant- General, Kings Division: I have the honor to report, as result of scout ordered this day, that I sent Company 0-, Lieutenant Kimball commanding, toward the Rappa. hannock. He reports that he proceeded 9 miles from here to a point within 6 miles of the Rappahannock; that from inquiries he could make he received the same information, that there was no force of any con- sequence at Culpeper Court-House or county, the same having been withdrawn about two weeks ago; that there was no information as to its extent there; that the few scouts on this side had crossed the river before the recent rains, fearing they might be cut off. He could learn nothing about the state of affairs at Gordonsville. The roads are about the same as the others in this county, but less cut up. Very little forage. The inhabitants nearly out of provisions. In addition to Kimballs report, I would state that there are, as nearly as I can learn, half dozen of the enemys cavalry, of Stafford County, who have been left between the Rappahannock and Stafford Court. House. I think them residents of the county here on visits; they wear uniform. I have made no effort to catch any, as it will be a nearly use- less waste of horse-flesh, and they are not near here. Respectfully submitted. J. M. DAVIES, Colonel, Comdg. Second New York Volunteer Cavalry. HEADQUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, Baltimore, AId., June 16, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: SIR: I informed you yesterday by telegram that I had examined Harpers Ferry and found it in a~ very indefensive condition. it is a very important position in reference to Baltimore and Wash- ington and for operating in Western Virginia, and in connection with the railroad the latter is too important to the service to be neglected. Mr. Garrett has just completed another bridge. Yesterday several batteries passed over it. A force sufficient to protect the bridge and railroad should be stationed there, and also to give protection to the troops in advance of it ulider Generals Banks, Shields, and Fr6mont. You have a determined and enterprising enemy to contend with. It never occurs to your generals that they have a rear where they have supplies for their forces. But a few days since General Banks was driven back at a great loss of property and men. You are now send- ing forward four batteries, as I am informed, for his army. No general acts wisely who leaves his rear and depots exposed to be assailed with- out a force to protect them. It is, therefore, considering Washington and Baltimore two of the most important points in possession of the Government, that I would earnestly urge a reserve corps, if practicable, of 50,000 be stationed be- tween Washington and Baltimore. Whilst they would. give protection and confidence to the loyal men of both these cities, and, until called for to operate in the field, they could be instructed in all the duties and evo- lutions which are indispensable on the field of battle. In a word, whils Page 398 398 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ECHAP. XXIV. stationary, let them be instructed in all the practicable duties of the field. The infantry, artillery, and cavalry ought to be taught how to operate together when in the field. In my telegram I stated that four regiments ought to be sent at once to Harpers Ferry. That place and vicinity require this force. At present, Colonel Miles has not more than 300 or 400 that he can rely upon. I refer you to Mr. Garrett for further information on this subject. He will hand you this letter. I have assumed command of Harpers Ferry, as you desired. I have the honor to be, very re8pectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN E. WOOL, Major-General. P. 5.I will send you a report about the rebel officers in this city to. day. HEADQUARTERS FIRST PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, June 16, 1862. Capt. G. M. BASCOM, Assistant Adjutant- General, Division Headquarters: CAPTAIN: Major (Jomly reports the New River Ford passable, aud suggests that it would be a very convenient way for the enemy to get in rear of the force at Packs Ferry. I have already ordered Captain Townsend to keep a strong picket on the hill overlooking the ford of Blue Stone and that of New River. Our scout, Jackson, of the Twenty. third, returned to Packs Ferry from the Farms last night. Reports no force there now. Did not dare make inquiries as to when they left. He is gone to Indian Creek to-day. Last night about dark four men showed themselves on the hills opposite Packs Ferry. A party was sent after them, but they escaped in the darkness. The companies of the Eleventh [Ohio] Regiment have returned to Packs Ferry. Major Comly has directed that no details be made from them, so as to enable them to bend all their energies upon the boats. Very respectfully, & c., E. ~. SCAMMON, Colonel, Commanding First Provisional Brigade. WASHINGTON, June 16, 1862. Brigadier-General ScuuRz, Mount Jackson, Va.: Your long letter is received. The information you give is valuable. You say it is fortunate that Fr6mont did not intercept Jackson; that Jackson had the superior force, and would have overwhelmed him. if this is so, how happened it that Fr6mont fairly fought and routed him on the 8th? Or is the account that he did fight and rout him false and fabricated ~? Both General Fr6mont and you speak of Jackson having beaten Shields. By our accounts he did not beat Shields. He had no engagement with Shields. He did meet and drive back with disaster about 2,000 of Shields advance till they were met by an addi Page 399 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 399 tional brigade of Shields, when Jackson himself turned and retreated. Shields himself and more than half his force were not nearer than 20 miles to any of it. A. LINCOLN. HEADQUARTERS, Mount Jackson, June 16, 1862. The PRESIDENT: Your dispatch received. About the correctness of General Fr6monts report there can be no question. When he attacked Jackson at Cross Keys the co-operation of General Shields was expectedJackson being immediately between themwhen Shields withdrew and Jackson was largely re-enforced. The conditions were no longer the same, and it was in reference to this new state of things that my letter was written. As to Shields, I wrote on the information I had. More by letter. C. SCHURZ. Abstract from Return of the D~partnent of the Shenandoah, M4j. Gen. N. P. Bank8 com- manding, for June 16, 1862. a Present for duty. ~ 4~ 0 Command. a a b~ bL0 0 0 b~ bC ~ o ~ ~ Sigels division: Coopers brigade 139 2,927 3,637 4,159 6 Sloughs brigade 121 2, 156 2,433 3,573 3 willi~s division: Crawfords brigade 124 2,533 2,734 3, 177 Greenes bri a e 73 1,899 2,080 3,182 Hatchs (cavalry) brigade 86 1,682 1,979 2,308 Artillery 11 261 284 329 -- 16 let Michigan Cavalry 20 424 484 657 Total -- - 574 11, 8~ 13,631 17,385 25 Organization of the D~partment of the shenandoah, Me~j. Gen. N. P. Banks commanding, June 16, 1862. SIGELs DIVISION. Maj. Gen. Fn~& Nz SIGEL. Jjir8t Brigade. Brig. Gen. JAMES COOPER. 3d Maryland, Col. D. P. De Witt. 102d New York, Col. T. B. Van Buren. 109th Pennsylvania, Col. H. J. Stainrook. 111th Pennsylvania, Col. M. Schlandecker. 8th and 12th U. S. (battalion), Capt. T. G. Pitcher. 1st NewYorkArtillery, BatteryL Capt. John A. Reynolds. 1st Maryland Cavalry (battn), Lieut. Col. Charles Wetschky. Second Brigade. Brig. Gen. Jonx P. SLOUGH. 3d Delaware, Col. W. 0. Redden. 1st District of Columbia, Col. J. A. Tait. 60th New York, Col. W. B. Goodrich. 78th New York, Col. D. Ullinan. Parnell Legion, Col. W. .J. Leonard. 1st New York Artillery, Battery K, Capt. L. Crounse. 1st Maryland Cavalry (battalion), Maj. J. M. Deems Page 400 400 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ICHAP. XXIV. WILLIAMS DIvIsION. Brig. Gen. A. S. WILLIAMS. Fir8t Brigade. Third Brigade. Brig. Gen. S. W. CRAWFORD. Brig. Gen. GEoRGE S. GREENE. 5th Connecticut, Col. George D. Chap- 2d Massachusetts, Lient. Col. George L. man. Andrews. 10th Maine, Col. George L. Beal. 27th Indiana, Col. Silas Coigrove. 28th New York, Lient. Col. E. F. Brown. 29th Pennsylvania, Maj. Michael Scott. 46th Pennsylvania, Col. Joseph F. Knipe. 3d Wisconsin, Col. Thomas H Ruger. DETACHED COMMANDS. Cavalry Brigade. Artillery. Brig. Gen. JoHN P. HATCH. 1st N. Y., Baty M, Capt. Geo. W. Cothran. Pennsylvania, Battery F, Capt. B. B. 1st Maine cfive companies), Lient. Col. C. Hampton. S. Douty. 4th U. S., Battery F, Capt. C. L. Best. 5th New York, Lient. Col. Robert John- stone. Cavalry. 1st Vermont, Col. C. H. Tompkins. 1st Michigan (8 cos.), Col. T. F. Brodhead. MANASSAS, VA., June 17, 186210.45 p. m. Major-General BANKS, At Winchester or Washington: I beg to acquaint you that General ,Hlartsuffs brigade has moved here to-day; that General iRicketts will follow to-morrow, and that General Shields division is now in Front Royal, where I will thank you to support him, in case it should be necessary, until he can be with- drawn. The fords of the Shenandoah are now practicable, all General Bayard~s brigade having passed over. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding. IIDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, ilfanassas, June 17, 1862. Major-General SHIELDS, Front Royal: The major-general commanding directs that you take every measure to prevent the approach of the enemy upon you during the time you remain at Front Royal. Send out your cavalry force some 10 or 15 miles. Require them to be on the alert night and day, and at least half to have their horses saddled and ready for action; that they throw out their parties well to the front to give timely notice of any approach of a hostile force. Establish some on the Chester Gap road far enough to keep watch on any party that may be sent against the road between Front Royal and Thoroughfare Gap. Keep your force constantly in hand ready for service at any moment. General Banks has been re- quested to support you if you should need it. ED. SOIIRIVER - Colonel and Chief of ~taff. No Second Brigade in existence Page 401 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 401 WINCHESTER, VA., June 17, 1862. E. M. STANTON: Major-General Fr6mont reports that Jackson has crossed at Port Republic to the west side on the 15th, in the morning, whilst a smaller force is advancing on the east side of the Shenandoah. Will the two brigades now at Front Royal leave or remain there and can I dispose of them temporarily? It is of great importance to know this. F. SIGEL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 17, 18621.30 p. m. General FRANZ SIGEL, Winchester, Va.: Your dispatch received. It is not possible just now to detain Mc. Dowells brigade at Front Royal; pressure elsewhere prevents it. In case of necessity, Fr6mont has orders to fall back near to line we con- templated. I fear re-enforcements are out of the question at this mo- ment. There seems to be good will to grant all asked, but at present many are wanting. Materials for bridge or additional ferries will be forwarded at once for Shenandoah. Will telegraph again this evening. Nothing new from South. Major Copeland has key to cil)her. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 17, 1862. General SIGEL, Winchester: The forces at Front Royal are there by order of the President When lie desires their position to be changed the order will be given by him. EDWIN M. STANTON, ~Secretary of War. WINCHESTER, June 17, 186211.35 p. m. (Received June 18, 8.15.) Major-General FR~1~IONT, Commanding Department: I moved to Middletown to-day with my division. A part of General Banks troops is opposite Front Royal; another part behind my division. Our common safety consists in a junction of our forces, and I think we can easily effect it by concentrating at Cedar Creek. General Banks telegraphs from Washington that it is left to yon to retire if found necessary. General Banks will be here to-morrow. F. SLGEL, Major- General. WINCHESTER, June 17, 186210.30 a. m. Major-General BANKS: Captain Asmussen just returned from Fr6monts headquarters. Only 9,000 men. Very much disorganized. Without shoes or snpplies. Fr6- mont ordered to remain at Monnt Jackson, or he would fall back as you 26 H RVOL XII, PT II Page 402 402 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [ChAP. XXIV. advise. He thinks he ought to. Does not believe his men will stand. Many men id Captain Asmussen they would not fight unless re-en- forced; I t~as only murder, Jackson rebuilding bridge at Port Re- public and i ccrossrng river. Two thousand cavalry at flarrisonburg and some forces threatening Fr6monts front. General Sigel thinks no time should be lost in sending aid, as it is likely, if pushed, Fr6mont will be compelled to fall back rapidly on to our support. Militia and guerrilla parties on the increase. Captain Asmussen, acting assistant adjutant-general to General Sigel, thinks matters look threatening, but says a deserter reports Jacksons command much disorganized and re- quiring some days to restore morale. I believe this. I have sent Cap- tain Abert to insl)ect ford and bridges at Cedar Creek, and have or- dered the wire bridge up from Harpers Ferry, and two engines to be kept at this end of the road. to insure speedy movement. Shall I order any engines to be kept at Martinsburg. R. MORRIS COPELAND, Assistant Adjutant-General. MOUNT JAcKSoN, June 17, 1862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Would it be possible for you to send to General Kelley one or two regiments of the new levy, with which he might relieve the troops occupying the line of the railroad and concentrating the latter into a movable corps to sustain Lieutenant-Colonel Harris at Buckliannon? The appearance of enemy at Alleghany Summit indicates a disposition to invade Western Virginia, and the levy en masse recently made by the enemy gives him a large available guerrilla force. I regard this as suffi- ciently important for the earliest action. J. C. FRI2MONT, Major- General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 17, 1862. Major-General Fn~MONT, Mount Jackson: The length of time required to fill up regiments will render it impos- sible for some time yet to send to General Kelley two regiments. One was given him a few days ago. Some more will be organized in a week or two, and as quickly as possible I will endeavor to comply with your wishes. BDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WASHINGTON, June 17, 1862. Ordered, That the military protection and defense of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad east of Cumberland to the city of Baltimore and of the railroad between flarper~s Ferry and Winchester is especially as- signed to the command of Maj. Gen. John E. Wool. Officers on the line of that road will report to him Page 403 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. CHAP. xxrv.] 403 2(1. That the Winchester and Potomac Railroad, being the line of supply for General Banks, operating the road will remain under his direction. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. BALTIMORE, MD.,. June 17, 18625.20 p. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Sin: I have just received your dispatch of this date especially as- signing to me the military command. and protection of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad east of Cumberland to the city of Baltimore and of the railroad between Harpers Ferry and Winchester. I will enter upon the duty immediately. Can you not furnish me with horses for some 600 of the Eighth New York Cavalry at Harpers Ferry? I will send one or two regiments to Harpers Ferry and its vicinity. I will also send a company of heavy volunteer artillery to man the heavy guns at Harpers Ferry. I shall be glad to know if you approve of my intentions as above expressed. JOHN E. WOOL, ilfajor-General. HEADQUARTERS STURGIS BRIGADE, Washington, June 17, 1802. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington, D. 0.: SIR: The troops of my command in the vicinity of Tennallytown are Fifty-ninth New York Volunteers, Ninth and Tenth Rhode Island V~l- unteers with one battery of 12-pounders attached, Seventy-first N~W York Volunteers, detachments of Eleventh, Fourteenth, Seventeenth, and Nineteenth Regular Infantry, and Battery L, Second New York, six 10-pounder rifled-steel guns, the whole numbering about 4,500 men. All these troops, except the Fifty-ninth New York and Battery L, are raw and undisciplined, and should all (except the Fifty-ninth, which occupies th~ forts) be united with whatever other troops there may be in the vicinity of Washington in one (or at most two) central positions, where they could be properly drilled and disciplined and learn to know each other and act together. In this shape these troops could be kept in hand and rapidly thrown to any point that might be threatened. The fortifications in the northwest part of the District are. First. Fort Pennsylvania, garrisoned by three companies Fifty-ninth New York, Colonel Tidball in command. This fort is in good condition and l)rovided with everything necessary for defense. Its armament consists of nine 24-pounders and three 20-pounder Parrott rifled field l)ieces. One hundred and seventy-six men. Second. Fort Gaines, also in good condition, garrisoned by one com- pany Fifty-ninth New York, Captain Whitney in command. Arma- ment, four 32-pounders. Sixty-eight men Page 404 404 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. ECITAP. XXIV. Third. Fort Franklin, in good order, garrisoned by two companies (Fifty-ninth), Major Korthedge in command. Armament, six 32-pound- cr5. One hundred and twenty-one men. Fourth. Fort Alexander, good order, garrisoned by two companies (Fifty-ninth), Captain. Moody in command. Armament, seven 32- pounders. One hundred and seventy-four men. Fifth. Fort Ripley, good order, garrisoned by one company (Fifty- ninth), Captain Gifford in command. Armament, six 32-pounders. Ninety-two men. These forts have men enough in them to man the guns, and more men could be thrown into them in case of attack but it would be well to have an experienced officer of artillery in each of them to superintend the drilling of the men and officers. If that be impracticable, then one efficient artillery officer should have the superintendence of all of them, and visit them as often as possible to see that the men are kept up to their drill. I have no knowledge of the other fortifications nor of any other of the troops. but am of opinion that with proper attention and vigilance in the drilling of the men at the guns in the various forts, and a well-organ- ized movable column, such as we may have, the defense of the District can be made good in case of an attack until re-enforcements can arrive. Respectfully submitted. S. D. STURGIS, Brigadier-General, U. S. Army. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 18, 1862. Major-General BANKS, Comdg. Dept. of the Shenandoah, Winchester or Washington City: All of General Ricketts division will leave Front Royal-to-day. Gen- eral Shields, who is now at Front Royal, will follow General Ricketts o-morrow. There are some commissary stores and beef cattle more than these troops require at Front Royal. To avoid bringing them over here, where there is plenty, I beg leave to suggest to you to instruct the proper officer in your department to receive them for the use of your command to-day. Very respectfully, IRVIN MCDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, June 18, 186210.45 p. in. Major-General SHIELDS, Front Royal: I send you the following, received from Fredericksburg: PALMOIITTH, June 18. A Frenchman, a resident of Richmond, arrived here yesterday; he came by way o Gordonsyille, and says he saw from 10,000 to 15,000 troops pass there on Sunday o thcir way to re-enforce Jackson. He estimates the force in and around Richmond a 85,000. I send cavalry scouts daily up the river and for 6 or 8 miles on the other side. can hear of no troops within 23 miles of this place. RUFUS KING, Brigadier-General Page 405 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 405 As Jackson mAy be re-enforced and moving again down the valley, the general commanding directs that you keep your force posted with a view to such an event. If you should find lie is likely to come upon you in superior force, prepare your command to retire by way of the road to this placeq sending your train in advance. Send word to General Crawford to come for such subsistence and cattle as you may not need. ED. SCHRLVER, Colonel and Chief of ~Staffi HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF TUE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 18,1862. Brigadier-General ItICKETTS, Front Royal: Has any l)art of your other brigade been left at Front Royal, and by what time will the whole of it have been put on the train for this place ~ ED. SCHRIVEII, Colonel, Chief of Stajf HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Mianassas, June 18,11862. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington: Brigadier-General King reports from Fredericksburg that a French man, just arrived thcre from IRichinond by way of Gordonsville, told him at the latter place he met 10,000 or 15,000 men passing through to join Jackson. IRVIN McDOWELL, Major- General, Commanding Department. FRONT ROYAL, June 18, 1862. Col. E. SCURIVER: In obedience to the orders of the major-general commanding First Army Corps, I have out reconnoitering parties on the Luray road and Thoroughfare Gap road. Bayards cavalry took its departure yesterday by the Thoroughfare Gap route, so that this does not need much attention at present. We have kept the Luray route and Chester Gap strongly Picketed to the distance of several miles from this point. Scouts re- turned on the evening of the 16th instant from Sperryville by Luray. They saw no indication of the enemy other than a few guerrillas at Luray, who disappeared at their approach. They bring a report that Ewell was coming down with 40,000 men to act against Jackson [Fr6mont?] and that Jackson had gone to Richmond. I am using all precaution, but l)lace no faith in the rumor. In obedience to orders, I have communicated the intelligence of my position and information as to the enemy to Major-General Fr6mont; also to Brigadier-General Crawford. My pioneers are engaged just now to establish a ferry or other means of communication across the Shenandoah. Major-General Sigel has communicated with me from Middletown, an Page 406 406 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. I requested him to come forward to the opposite side of the river. I have asked General Fr6mont for his pontoon bridge to cross the whole of his force. I will keep you constantly advised of everything of im~ portance. JAS. SHIELDS, Major. General, Commanding. WASHINGTON, June 18, 1862. Major-General McDOWELL: The President (lesires you would come. Be here if you can conven- iently, and without danger to your command, by 9 oclock to-morrow. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. FRONT ROYAL, June 18, 1862. Colonel SCHRIVER: Two men just arrived from Furnace, a few miles this side of Conrads Store. Some of Jacksons scouting parties appeared there on Monday, but fell back immediately. No troops this side of Conrads Store. JAS. SHIELDS, Commanding Division. FRONT ROYAL, June 18, 1862. Colonel SCURIVER, Chief of Staff: The force the Frenchmau alludes to is doubtless Longstreets. It was in Gordons Gap when we marched to Luray. I had to keep two brigades there to confront it. It was then called away, as we learned, to succor Jackson, and was to come by way of Stanardsville. Jack-. sons escape made this unnecessary. Jacksons train was pushed for- ward to Gordonsville to go to Lynchbnrg. This information came from deserters, and is reasonably reliable. Jackson will not dare, in my opinion, to entangle himself again here. There are positions on the route between here and Luray where my division can wait and defeat them. My reconnaissance to Luray is l() miles from it now. No signs of an enemy. They will observe Luray and return. Jackson, in my opinion, has gone to Richmond. He will never risk another raid here. had we cut his lines at Gordonsville and Charlottesville, as the general commanding desired, he could never have escaped. The alarmists are doing us immense injury. If he comes I can select a position to fight him and will only retreat l)y positive or(lers from the general colmnan(I- ing until I have avenged myself upon him, but he will not dare to come. Beg the general commanding to calm the alarinists in Washin atoit or we will defeat Qurselves without the presence of an enemy. These are opinions which I take the liberty to express, and my information is as good as any that reaches him. JAS. SHIELDS, Major- General Page 407 CHAP. XXIV.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 407 FRONT ROYAL, June 18, 1862. lion. E. M. STANTON, Secretary: I have completed two excellent ferries over the Shenandoah three days ago, having raised and repaired a sunken but uninjured boat for the secon(l. The fords are very good, and I have been crossing and recrossnig for three days. Between 300 and 400 men can be thrown across at once; two wagons and team accommodated in each boat. I have received no assistance from the force on the south bank of the river. Respectfully furnished for the information of the Secretary of War. S. XV. CRAWFORD. (Simi~r dispatches to Banks and McDowell.) FRONT ROYAL, June 18, 1862. Major-General BANKs: Yours just received. Will (10 as you require. Have had an inter- view with General Shields, who is here, and will not move for a day or two. Tells me that he has requested General Sigel to join me. This suiprises inc. He positively states that Jackson has gone south. His scouts go beyond Luray to-day. General Greene has arrived. No clothing yet, though I am not needing much. Three thousand knap- sacks have kindly been sent to me from Washington. General XVill- iams comes to-morrow. I telegraphed to the Secretary the condition of the ferries, as they were asking. General Shields pronounces my ferries sl)lendid work. S. W. CRAWFORD. FRONT ROYAL, June 18 [1862]11 p. m. Major-General SIcTEL, (Jomnw.nding, Ct7c., Winchester: GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your corn- mnunication, and will meet you to-morrow at General Crawfords quar. ters at the hour designated. Reconnaissances have been pushed as far as Luray to-day. Our cav- alry drove in the enemys pickets at Luray, and report 8,000 5 miles from th re and the whole of Jacksons force not far behind. The other went as far as Flint Hill, on the Chester Gap road, and saw nothing. A negro man caine in and just now reports the enemy coming 8,000 strong through the mountains from Culpeper. Yours, sincerely, JAS. SHiELDS, Major- General. WINCHESTER, June 18, 1862. Ma~j or-General FnIk~iONT: I have just receive(1 reports from an officer sent k Fromit Royal. Shields is at Front Royal. He wishes me to relieve him, as he is ordered to Manassas Junction to join McDowell Page 408 408 OPERATIONS IN N VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. General Shields has no correct knowledge about the enemys move- ments. He will inform inc to-night. F. SIGEL, Major- General. WASHINGTON, June 18, 1862. Major-General WooL, Baltimore: Mulligan, with the Twenty-third Illinois Volunteers and battery attached, is on the road this side of Grafton for Annapolis. You will halt them at Harpers Ferry, to remain there or at Baltimore, until further orders, at your discretion. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. 0., June 18, 1862. Ordered, That the forces in and around Washington be organized into an army corps, to be commanded by Brigadier-General Sturgis. The fortifications on the south side of the river and the forces therein remaining in command of General Whipple; those on the north side of the river in command of There shall be reserved, under exclusive command of Brigadier-Gen- eral Wadsworth, such military force as may be required or incident to his command as military governor of Alexandria and the District of Columbia. All troops arriving at Washington will report to General Wadsworth, and be under his command until assigned to the Reserve Corps. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. GENERAL Oi~DERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS RESERVE ARMY CORPS, No. 1. Washington, June 18, 1862. I. Pursuant to instructions from the War Department, the under- signed hereby assumes command of all the forces in and about the city of Washington, except such as may be required by Brigadier-General Wadsworth for purposes set forth in instructions referred to. II. Such of these troops as are north of the Potomac will hold them- selves in readiness to move at a moments warning. III. Until further orders general headquarters will remain, as at pres- ent, corner of Nineteenth and I streets. [S. D. STURGIS,] Brigadier-General, U. S. Volunteers. SPECIAL ORDERS, WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE, No. 138. f Washington, June 18, 1862. * * * * * * * VIII. Brig. Gen. G. S. Greene, U. S. Volunteers, is relieved from duty in the Department of the Shenandoah, and will report in person at this office Page 409 CHAP. XXIV.] 409 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. IX. Brig. Gen. George II. Gordon, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to duty in the Department of the Shenandoah, to take command of the brigade now under Brigadier-Geneial Greene, and will report iu person to Major-General Banks. * * * * * By order of the Secretary of War: L. THOMAS, Adjutant-General. WAR DEPARTMENT, June 19, 1862. Major-General McDOWELL, Manassas: The following dispatch has ju8t been received from General Banks: WINCHESTER, VA., June 19, 186212 m. Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War: Reports here confirm the information received by you yesterday. Important move- ments are undoubtedly contemplated by the enemy in the valley and heavy re-en- foreemeuts are on their way. General Shields is still at Front Royal, and ought not to be withdrawn until further developments of immediate events. I had full conver- sation with General Wool last night at Baltimore. He is preparing Harpers Ferry for defense. The railroad authorities are very active, and at Harpers Ferry there is also much activity. My headquarters will be opposite Front Royal to-morrow. N. P. BANKS, Major-General, Commanding. P. II. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War. FRONT RoYAL, June 19, 1862. Colonel SCHRrVER, Chief of Staff: Our reconnaissance yesterday found enemys pickets 2 miles this side of Luray. The officer in command says he thinks that town occu- pied by about 400, and the rest of Ewells command about 5 miles be- hind. This returned about ii last night. The other, through Chester Gap, went as far as Flint Hill; no indication of any enemy. I have just returned from a conference with General Sigel and Gen- eral Crawford. We agree that Fr6monts position is not a good one, and that he ought to fall back at once to Middletown or behind Cedar Creek. General Sigel, with his comi~and, is at Middletown. A force prop- erly stationed I think will be able to operate by interior lines against either or both forces coming from Luray or Harrisonburg. They will keep no force in Luray and no stores to move across the river, but keep a small force there to police the town and watch their approach. Our pioneers are building a bridge. General McDowell [?j has sent ns his pontoons.. I dont think the enemy is coming in this direction at all. I dont think, if he even comes, he will come in two columns, without any coinmu:iication between them, on the Strasburg and Front Royal roads. If he advances north I think the chances are he will not take the same route. He is more likely to take the Luray pike to Sperryville, join Longstreet, and break upon our lines on the eastern side of the Blue Ridge, as he did on the west. I am ready to move now, and only wait for General Banks pontoo Page 410 410 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXLV. across to relieve us. The river here is impassable. I have tried the ferries; they are worth nothing, so that I am as much isolated here as at Luray. I would respectfully ask what the general commanding wishes me to dowait for Banks and Fr6mont to take position or com- muence movement at once, and, if I move, whether by the Manassas or Chester Gap route. I am here in the office and ready to answer any questions. JAS. SHIELDS, Major. General, Commanding Division. MANASSAS, June 19, 18628.45 a. m. Hon. E. M. STANTON: Last night iRicketts brigade arrived here from Front Royal. Shields division will follow as soon as he gets ready. He reports all quiet in his neighborhood, as do Geary, at Rectortown, and King, at Fahuouth. I regret to report that, on account of an accident which disables hint temporarily, General McDowell cannot be in Washington at 9 oclock this morning, as desired by you. Arrangements are nnw being made for the transportation of Shields division. ED. SCURIVEIt, Colonel, Chief of Staff. HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE RAPPAHANNOCK, Manassas, June 19, 18626 p. m. Brigadier-General GEARY, Reetortown: General Shields division has been ordered to this 1)lace. General McDowell therefore directs that you make reconnaissances well to the south in order to discover any chances of his being attacked by the enemy on his way here. You will communicate to him promptly every- thing that would be useful for him to know. ED. SCHRIVER, Colonel, Chief of Staff. FRONT ROYAL, VA. [June 19, 1862]. Major-General MCDOWELL, Commanding First Army Corps DEAR GENERAL: Our troops I find are like the Swiss troops (I speak of volunteer troops); if not [allowed] to go home and see their families they droop and die. I have watched this. It is a human feeling, amid I venture to respect it. The men who are danied this permission cease to be of any use. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, JAS. SHIELDS, Brigadier- General, Comm an ding First Division. P. S.There is no trace of the enemy within 50 nmiles of this Page 411 CHAP. Xxiv.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 411 WINCHESTER, June 19, 18628 p. m. lloii. E. TV!. STANTON: The enemys pickets were 2 miles this side of Lnray last night; his main ft~rce near there. Our forces are on this side of the Shenandoah, between Strasburg and Front Royai, in strong position. Shields is reported still at Front Royal. He ought not to move until the purpose and l)lafl of the enemy are more fully developed. There can be 110 doubt whatever that another immediate movement down the valley is intended with a force of 30,000 or more. General Fr~mont will be at Woodstock to-night. N. P. BANKS, Major- General, Commanding. MIDDLETOWN, VA., June 19, 18629 p. m. Hon. E. TV!. STANTON: I insj)ectQd our lines to-day. General Banks division opposite Front Royal, and my division opposite Strasburg, behind Cedar Creek. Gen- eral Fr~monts troops will encamp at Woodstock. General Shields is at Front Royal. The enemys pickets were 2 miles this side of Luray last night. Our lines will be perfectly established and in good condi- tion to-morrow. Two prisoners were just brought before meil. H. Wade and II. D. Didier. Wade produced a certificate from the British consul at Richmond, and brought Didier with him from Rich- moimd to Staunton, from which place they made their way through the mountains on horseback. Wade says Jackson received two re-enforce- umeuts, 3,000 men, onthe 9th, who left the cars at Mechnms River, east of Charlottesville, and m~arched to Browns Gap, southeast of Port Re- public. On Saturday and Sunday last these two men were at Staunton. During the two days about 12,000 troops arrived from Richmond, via Lynchburg and Charlottesville. On Saturday trains with soldiers arrived, and on Sunday five trains. The troops consisted of infantry, cavalry, and about twenty ~~ieces of artillery. These troops were marched off on Sunday and Monday in the direction of Harrisonburg. They were a part of the forces at Richmond, where Wade says there were 120,000 troops, under the command of General Lee, as General Johnston was wounded in the shoulder. Provisions are plenty at Rich- mnomid. but the whole city is filled with sick and wounded. Didier says, I left Savannah on 1st of June. There were 20,000 troops un(ler General Lawton at Savannah, including those in camp of iim sti-uction. F. SIGEL, Major. General. (Sent to McDowell June 20.) WAR DEPARTMENT, June 19, 1862. Major-General SI~EL, Middletown, Va.: Your telegrani is received. It is strongly suspected here that your prisocers have beemi sent by the enemy to be taken for the purpose of exaggerating the force of Jackson and producing a stampede. You will j)lease l)lace themu under strict and secume guard. and send them to Washington and (leliver them to General Wadsworth. EDWIN M. STANTON, & cretary of War Page 412 412 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV. CHAPMANVILLE, VA., June 19, 1862. Lient. P. B. STANI3ERRY, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Charleston, Va.: Sn~: I have ordered Company H (Captain Brunker) to report forth- with to Major Hall at Camp Piatt. He leaves here this morning. Captain Dayton arrived yesterday from the southern part of this (Logan) county and reports all quiet. There has been considerable excitement there, resulting from reports that a rebel force was making their way in there. He found the people nearly all loyal and at home. At one time had upward of 100 Union citizens of that section with him, and mostly armed. They expressed a willingness, in fact are anxious, to turn out against the rebels, but they want confidence in themselves. With 20 regular volunteers they would go almQst anywhere, but would not go by themselves. The cap- tain learned that a man named Harman was at the head of about 100 men, near McDowell Court-House, persecuting Union citizens, and in some instances killing them and burning or otherwise destroying their property. A man named Lambert has just come into camp from Mc- Dowell County, and his report is the same as Captain Daytons. There are several other citizens of that county here, who have been forced to leave their homes by Harman. One of them is the sheriff of the county. Although they did not come together they all bring the same report. Harman has been in that county for some time, but usually stays in the southern part of the county. The loyal citizens have all been forced to leave their homes, and Harman is issuing proclamations to them to induce them to return and give themselves up. Inclosed I send a copy of one sent to Philip Lambert, the father of the man who is now in camp. Mr. Lambert handed the original to me, which I now have in my posses- sion. I have ordered Lieutenant Mallernee to proceed to McDowell Court-House with Company D and drive the thieves from the county. I have ordered him to get as many of the citizens as l)OSsible to join him, as they are well acquainted with the country and are willing and anxious to go. He will probably be joined by at least 50 men before he reaches McDowell County. I have instructed him that if it is true that Ilarman has destroyed Union property the property of secession- ists must suffer in a like manner, and to arrest all those who have as- sisted, harbored, or fed Harman and his thieving crew. He is to take hard bread and coffee sufficient to last his command eight or nine days, and to get his meat on the route, in all cases taking it from secession- ists, where it can be found. There are a number of stolen horses in that section which I have in- structed him to bring out if he can find them. If Harman could be driven out of McDowell County that whole section would be quiet. Respectfully, your obedient servant, W. H. H. RUSSELL, Licut. Cot. 4th Regt. Va. Vol. Inf., U. S. A., Comdg. Detmt and Post. [Inclosum.J AT PHILIP LAMBERTS, June 13, 1862. Mr. LAMBERT: I was here at your house and had a chat with your wife, and I want you to come in and your boys, and you shant be hurt. if the boys wish to join the company they will ha